The concept of Culinology®—the blending of culinary arts and food science—was introduced in 1996 by the Research Chefs Association. The result has quickly changed the way America's food industry develops new food products. A Culinology program of study incorporates elements from both the culinary arts and food science disciplines, enabling the student to understand the science behind the food while mastering the culinary arts. As a new academic discipline, Culinology will revolutionalize the food industry, and its practitioners will define the future of food.


[Objective]This study was to analyze the cervical curvature changes,JOA score recovery rate,VAS score recovery rate(cervical and shoulder axial pain) of the patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy(CSM) combined ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL) which were performed by three different cervical posterior surgical procedures through a retrospective control study,and to explore the long-term influence of three cervical posterior operative procedures to cervical curvature,neurologic function and axial symptoms.[Methods]According to the surgical procedures,78 patients were divided into three groups: Group A(expansive open-door laminoplasty) comprised 29 patients,Group B(laminectomy) comprised 23 patients,Group C(laminectomy and lateral mass screw fixation) comprised 26 patients.The preoperative and postoperative cervical cuvature,JOA score,axial symptoms,ect were recorded.[Results]The improvement rate of JOA score:there were significant difference between postoperative symptoms and preoperative symptoms of three groups(P0.05).In the final follow-up,neurological recovery rate was highest in group C.The improvement rate of cervical curvature:it was best in group C,secondary in group A,poor in group B.Complications:there were significant differences for VAS score of cervical and shoulder axial pain among group A,group B and groupC(P0.05),with an highest incidence in group B,secondary in group A,lowest in group C.[Conclusion]Three cervical posterior surgical procedures for multilevel CSM combined OPLL all can achieve satisfactory results.Laminectomy and lateral mass screw fixation(group C) can effectively improve neurological function,recover and maintain cervical curvature and reduce the incidence of axial symptoms and C5 nerve root palsy.


Combining a transparent substrate and a transparent sensing layer of rather similar refractive index into a common waveguiding structure produces an inhomogeneous waveguide, where a large portion of the total energy transverses the sensing layer. This yields much superior sensor performance. The transmission through a waveguide is subject to various disturbing influences. Thus it is advantageous to combine the inhomogeneous waveguiding approach with fluorescence lifetime-based sensors. The fluorescence lifetime of an indicator incorporated into the sensing layer is changed by the presence of the respective analyte. This lifetime is independent of the transmission through the waveguide. Thus both methods pave the way for optical chemical sensors with high analyte sensitivity and immunity to external disturbances.


Tumor development and the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells are highly comparable processes with striking similarities. Cellular plasticity is inherent to tumor evolution, rendering cells that acquire a stem cell‐like phenotype, for which Sox2 activation has proved instrumental for the plastic acquisition of stemness properties in tumor cells. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying both events might uncover novel approaches for the development of anticancer therapeutics and constitute model systems for understanding tumor generation and ensuring the biosafety of cell‐based therapies. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:335–339


This study investigated whether soil scarification during the presence of abundant white oak (Quercus alba L.) acorns and other mast could be used to increase the density of oak reproduction and reduce competitive midstory species in a mid-successional mixed-oak upland forest. The study was conducted in a 7.3 ha forest with a mature oak overstory and a well-developed midstory of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and pawpaw (Asmina triloba Dunal.) in southern Illinois. The soil scarification was conducted in the autumn after acorn dissemination using a crawler tractor with a six-tooth brush rake. One growing season after treatment, significantly higher numbers of oak seedlings, primarily white oak, were present in the scarified plots (5,164 ha–1) compared to the control plots (1,273 ha–1). Seedling density of all other species classes did not differ between treatments. Scarification affected 61% of midstory trees and thus reduced their density and competitive position. Of these trees, 21% of stems were completely removed by the scarification treatment. Results suggest that, in the presence of abundant acorns, scarification may increase the number of new oak germinants in stands lacking advanced oak reproduction. Finally, because scarification increased the density of oak seedlings and reduced competing midstory trees, it can play a role in promoting the establishment of advanced oak reproduction. North. J. Appl. For. 20(2):85–91.


In order to achieve both interfacial oxide reduction and exible work function control by using a single gate electrode structure, we deposited Ni/Ti bi-layered metal electrodes with di erent Ti thicknesses on Hf-silicate lms and investigated their electrical properties. A relatively small reduction of the interfacial oxide thickness (by 0.5 nm) when using the reactive Ti electrode was observed, possibly due to the lower oxygen di usivity in the Hf-silicate lm than in HfO2. No interfacial reaction between Ni and Ti was observed after post-metallization heat treatments at temperatures up to 400 C. The atband voltage shift from a pure Ni to a pure Ti electrode happened below a thickness of 6 nm for Ti and a gradual change of the e ective work function by 0.6 eV was obtained by further decreasing the underlying Ti thickness.


Oral health attitudes and behavior among dental students were found to vary in different cultures. The aim of this research was to assess oral health attitudes among Iraqi dental students at Baghdad University and to compare the differences in oral health attitude between male and female dental students for all academic years and also to determine the differences between the preclinical and clinical years.A self-administrated questionnaire based on a modified version of Hiroshima University Dental Behavior Inventory (HU-DBI) was distributed among 200 dental students at College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad.Significant differences between male and female dental students were found for all academic years with significant and highly significant differences between the first three years when compared with the final year.Female dental students had more positive oral health attitudes and practices than male student, which showed an increase in the percentage of smoking with increase age .Also in, general; this study showed that dental students had poor oral health.


A new maritime mobile radio telephone system adopted by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation (NTT), is described. An outline of the technical features of the entire system and the satellite repeater arrangement, adopted to reduce service-dead areas, is given.


The Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction is the most frequently employed synthetic procedure for the preparation of arylated alkynes, which are important conjugated compounds with multiple applications. Despite of their rather high price, this reaction is usually catalyzed by palladium species, making the recovery and reuse of the catalyst an interesting topic, mainly for industrial purposes. Easy recycle can be achieved anchoring the palladium catalyst to a separable support. This review shows recent developments in the use of palladium species anchored to different solid supports as recoverable catalysts for Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions.


We demonstrate a novel approach for implementing a broadband microwave photonic phase shifter using stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). This new technique solves the bandwidth limitation of previous gain-transparent SBS-based phase shifters, while achieving unprecedented minimum power fluctuations, as a function of phase shift. We introduce a new paradigm where the phase and amplitude of the optical carrier are controlled independently. This is achieved by controlling the power of two SBS pumps. The first pump is used to tune the optical carrier power, while the second is used to shift the phase of the same carrier. This additional degree of freedom enables unparalleled control of the RF amplitude and phase response of the phase shifter. We demonstrate 360° continuously tunable phase shift, with less than 0.25 dB output power fluctuations, over a frequency band from 1.5 to 31 GHz, limited only by the measurement equipment.


Coercion is the key to define coerced criminals who are a special type of joint criminals in Chinese criminal law.To prove the coercion in coerced criminals,we should take both subjective standard and objective standard to prove coercion act and mental compulsion which can be judged by the extent and possibility of threat,personal condition,background of threat and social harmfulness of crime.


In the era of genome sequencing the complete structure of biochemical networks of many organisms can be determined more and more accurately. Mathematical approaches for quantitative and qualitative analysis of such complex networks are rapidly gaining in importance. A well-established approach often used for studying metabolic networks is Metabolite Balancing. Its fundamental relation can be expressed by the m x q stoichiometric matrix N and the q x 1 vector r of net reaction rates (m: number of metabolites, q: number of reactions):


THOUGH much is written about pilonidal sinuses, their precise histological description is almost invariably neglected and their terminology has become confused. Only 4 proved barber's sinuses have been described in this country (Patey and Scarff, 1946, 1948; Goodall, 1961). T h e discovery in a barber of 4 interdigital sinuses and of a postanal sinus has stimulated this renewed investigation into their respective aetiologies. revealed, in addition to cholelithiasis, a phaeochromocytoma of the right adrenal. FINDINGS.-Ninety-four sections from the four interdigital sinuses and the postanal sinus were examined, and stained either with haematoxylin and eosin, or Heidenhain's azan. Figs. I , 2 show the sharp chisel-like hair ends driving squamous epithelium before them. The very darkly staining area in Fig. I is one of necrosis, as it is in Figs. 3, 5. Round-cell infiltration is evident in Figs. 3, 5. A most elaborate sinus is shown in Fig. 4, giving


Based on the reason analysis of leakage at floating roof bottom plates of a large scale external floating roof tank,the deficiency and shortcoming of traditional leakage test with vacuum chamber are pointed out.According to structural characteristics of the welds at floating roof bottom plates,a new weld leakage test method,i.e.positive pressure leakage test method,is put forward to remedy the traditional method.The engineering practice shows that the new leakage test method works well.


Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high anti-oxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum con-centrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V̇O2peak: 60 ± 4 ml ∙ kg-1 ∙ min-1) completed a 60-minute constant workload trial (55% peak power output, ambient temperature 30.4 ± 0.6°C) with and without ice vest in a randomized order. The core body temperature (Tcore) was measured by an ingestible capsule. Blood samples were col-lected before and after each trial to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and RONS. Due to the absence of between-group dif-ferences, data of both conditions were pooled. Results: Tcore statistically increased (p < 0.001) over the experimental trials (+6.0 ± 1.6%, effect size (ES) = 5.6). Concentrations of RONS (-17.2 ± 15.5%, p < 0.001, ES = 1.0) and TAC (-8.9 ± 22.9%, p = 0.04, ES = 0.7) statistically decreased, while the activity of CAT (+15.5 ± 84.0%, p = 0.90, ES = 0.04) and SOD (+9.2 ± 58.7%, p = 0.98, ES = 0.01) remained un-changed. Conclusions: Reduced serum RONS concentrations after strenuous cycling in the heat were not associated with upregulation of serum antioxidant capacity in trained athletes. The prooxidant-antioxidant balance may rather be regulated at a myocellular level and should be further assessed in future studies.


This paper suggests a new portable posture input system which consists of a stereo vision system, a color marked puppet, and a laptop computer. Using the puppet, we can intuitively input any posture which we want to represent. The puppet posture is recognized by the stereo vision. First, the color mark of each puppet joint is obtained and segmented. In this case, the normalized color technique is employed for robust color mark extraction. Then, the 3D positions of the segmented color marks are calculated by the epipolar geometry method. Using the obtained 3D positions, all joint angles of the puppet are represented as a quaternion. Therefore, the obtained joint quaternions determine the resultant posture of the human being model. Finally, the experimental results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the suggested posture input system.


An electrochemical instrument for the determination of oxidant concentration is described. The instrument is simple, measurement is absolute and the method is particularly suitable for continuously recording data. Sample results showing diurnal and seasonal variations of oxidant concentration in downtown Jerusalem are given.


Bitcoin has kicked off one of the biggest paradigm shifts of the last century regarding how we understand and use money. The birth of criptocurrencies lays the foundations of a new financial system, where the need of trusted third parties, or central authorities, has been replaced by cryptography and an open flow of information between all the actors of the system. By sharing all the information regarding the operations of the system, all users can eventually agree in a distributed ledger, known as blockchain. Such a paradigm shift, however, poses some threads that, if not properly handled, may compromise the security of the system. In this thesis we have studied two of the core components of Bitcoin: its P2P network, and the set of unspent Bitcoins. Such analysis aimed to spot the strengths and weaknesses of the system in order to design solutions for them. The outcomes of our analyses have been, on the one side, characterizing the cryptocurrency P2P networks and, on the other side, spotting one of the current Bitcoin scalability problems: the unprofitable coins. Moreover, after analysing the system and obtaining a deep understanding of it, the thesis has focused on designing protocols to extend Bitcoin's functionality in different payment scenarios. First, we have designed a solution to reduce the likelihood of a merchant of being deceived when accepting zero-confirmation transactions. Finally, we have designed a fair protocol for data trading using Bitcoin, where the exchange between data and coins is performed atomically.


Quite similar structures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons make them suitable for doping of one molecule into the crystalline structure or aggregate of another and tuning of the optical properties of the composite system. Anthracene nanoaggregates, singly or multiply doped with perylene, tetracene, and pentacene, have been synthesized using reprecipitation technique. Following photoexcitation of anthracene molecule in the nanoaggregate, anthracene exciton transfers energy to the dopant molecule(s). Energy transfer (ET) efficiency of about 98% could be achieved with the concentration of about 6 × 10–3 mol dm–3 for perylene or tetracene as the acceptor and about 92% efficiency with the doping concentration of about 5 × 10–2 mol dm–3 for pentacene as the acceptor. Very fast energy transfer rates (∼3–6 × 1011 dm3 mol–1 s–1) observed here could not be explained by invoking Forster's energy transfer mechanism. However, the rate of diffusion of anthracene exciton determined experimentally using exciton–exciton...


Densities and viscosities of the binary mixtures of 1-octanol + 2-methoxyethanol (2ME), + N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and + acetophenone (APH) were measured over the entire range of composition at T = (298.15, 308.15, and 318.15) K. Ultrasonic speeds of these binary mixtures have also been measured at 298.15 K. From the experimental data, values of excess molar volumes (VE), viscosity deviations (Δη), and excess isentropic compressibility (κSE) have been calculated. These results were fitted to the Redlich−Kister polynomial equation. Partial molar volumes of 2ME/DMAc/APH in 1-octanol at infinite dilution and at different temperatures have also been evaluated. The results were discussed in terms of molecular interactions prevailing in the mixtures. The measured viscosities were correlated with McAllister's three-body interaction model.


Microlensing surveys search for the transient brightening of a background star that is the signature of gravitational lensing by a foreground compact object. This technique is an elegant way to search for astrophysical candidates that might comprise the dark matter halo of the Milky Way. While the current projects have successfully detected the phenomenon of microlensing and have reported many important results, the relatively large event rate reported towards the LMC remains a puzzle. The first step in resolving this mystery is determining the location of the excess lensing population. This will require a microlensing survey with an order of magnitude increase in sensitivity over current projects. I summarize the present status of microlensing surveys, and present (and advocate!) a next-generation project that should be capable of unambiguously determining whether the dark halo of the Galaxy is indeed made up of MACHOs, or whether the observed events are due to previously unappreciated ordinary stellar populations.


Emerging piezoelectric technologies have promoted the development of self‐powered sensing systems by addressing the power supply issue of wearable electronics, offering fascinating prospects in Internet of Things. Despite tremendous progress in stretchability, there remain a lot of urgent and unmet needs for stretchable self‐powered piezoelectric sensors toward real‐world applications: (i) lack of practicability due to the low sensitivity in the stretching mode; (ii) self‐healing ability after mechanical damage to enhance device sustainability and durability; (iii) requirements of biocompatibility as electronics attach to human body. In this review, the trends, challenges, and solutions in elastomer‐based stretchable self‐powered piezoelectric sensors, focusing on their material design and fabricating strategy for high sensitivity, self‐healing ability, and biocompatibility is introduced. The structure‐property relationships of these novel strategies and their emerging applications is discussed and highlighted. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives for the development of stretchable self‐powered piezoelectric sensors are presented.


Preferences in terms of contraceptive method and provider source were examined among 487 women in rural areas of Cavite. Study subjects listened to unbiased presentations on 3 fertility regulating methods--oral contraceptives (OCs) the IUD and injectable Depo-Provera (DMPA). Initial methods selected were DMPA by 195 women the IUD by 153 women and OCs by 139 women. The preference for DMPA appeared to be based on its novelty effectiveness and convenience. 50% of respondents preferred a female midwife as the service provider. During the 21-month study period there were 190 (50%) discontinuers. The discontinuation rate was 41% among DMPA users 2% among IUD acceptors and 29% among OC users. Side effects were the major reason for contraceptive discontinuation especially among DMPA acceptors. DMPA users also had the shortest duration of contraceptive use before discontinuation. These findings suggest that women initially prefer contraceptives that are convenient; however side effects quickly become a more important consideration once use is underway. The possibility of specific side effects should thus be stressed more heavily in presentations of contraceptive alternatives.


The aviation security and the related topics have become the most sincere concerns nowadays after the "911" tragedy. Several issues would like to be addressed and examined in this paper from the airline operation point of view. The international requirements regarding the aviation security education and training mostly from the ICAO and IATA would be given in the beginning. The national responsibility and the assessment of current status are going to be discussed next. Other tasks that should be collaborated from operators or air carriers together with the policy and action items in enhancing this particular field will be given in the following part. The future work and development related to airport security and airplane security will be concluded finally.


Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. is one of the most important root-using medicinal crops in Korea. A new variety 'Sinto' (Suwon 2) was developed from the population of Muju local through phenotyptic restricted mass selection at National Crop Experiment Station, RDA. in 2001. The average yield of this variety was about 2,260 kg/ha in RYT at three location from 1999 to 2001 which were about 20% higher than that of Pyeongchang local. Sinto showed a strong resistance to powdery mildew. This variety may be well adaptable to mountainous mid-southern areas in Korean peninsula.


Once again the requirements of the armed forces and the needs of civilian defense for medical and nursing personnel necessitate a careful appraisal and economical utilization of all the health resources of the community. An organized service whose contribution to medical care should not be underestimated is that provided by visiting nurse associations. The actual and potential value of this part time nursing care given in the home commands the attention not only of practicing physicians but of medical authorities responsible for assessing and determining the adequacy of community health facilities. Visiting nurse service is an essential element in organized community health programs as, for example, in tuberculosis, cancer, heart disease, and maternal and child health services where it provides part time care and teaching in addition to the preventive services provided by the health department. Recently it has been recognized as a valuable though undeveloped resource in the operation


We have performed IUE observations of interstellar zinc toward 10 stars. We find that zinc is, at most, only slight depleted in the interstellar medium; its abundance may serve as a tracer of the true metallicity in the gas. The local interstellar medium has abundances that apparently are homogeneous to within a factor of 2 when integrated over paths of about 500 pc, and this result is important for understanding the history of nucleosynthesis in the solar neighborhood. In the Appendix, we analyze the intrinsic errors in detecting weak interstellar lines and we suggest how this error limit may be lowered to 5 mA per target observation.


Fachbereich Physik, Universitat Duisburg-Essen, Germany¨We simulate the sintering of particle aggregatesdue to surface diffusion. As a methodwe use Kinetic Monte-Carlosimulations in which elasticity can explicitly be taken into account. Therefore it is possible to investigate theshape relaxation of aggregates also under the influence of an external pressure. Without elasticity we investigatethe relaxation time and surface evolution of sintering aggregates and compare the simulations with the classicalKoch-Friedlander theory. Deviations from the theoreticalpredictions will be discussed.1 INTRODUCTIONOne interesting aspect of powder processing is ther-mal sintering:Due to atomicdiffusionsolid bridgesbe-tween particles form and grow. This lowers the surfacefree energy. If one waits long enough, complete coa-lescence of the particle aggregate will occur. The typi-cal time scales depend on the particle sizes and shapes,the material type and the prevailing temperature. Herewe addressopenquestions concerningthe sinteringdy-namics of large aggregates.It has long been known, that the time for the sin-tering of two identical particles is proportional to the4th power of the radius of the final particle. Thisis at least true for large particles above the rough-ening temperature (Nichols 1966). For lower temper-atures the equilibration time increases exponentially(Combe et al. 2000).In earlier investigations elasticity has not explicitlybeen taken into account, i.e. the atoms were restrictedto discrete lattice positions. However, an elastic defor-mation changes the diffusion constant and hence in-fluences the sintering process. For example, the lat-tice constant of nano-particles may differ from its bulkvalue due to surface tension, or particles may be com-pressed differentlyin a powder underexternalload, de-pending on their position in the contact force network.Therefore we developed a program where the atomsare allowed to be displaced from their lattice sites inorder to minimize the total elastic energy of the sys-tem.2 MODELWe use a three dimensional Kinetic Monte-Carlo(KMC) method to simulate the sintering of aggregatesof nano-particles on a fcc lattice. This means that grainboundaries are neglected in this paper. In our simula-tion the atomic displacements are calculated by findingthe nearest local energy minimum by means of a con-jugate gradient method (Press et al. 1992). In order tosavecomputingtime,we updateonlythe neighborhoodof diffusing atoms, and relax the whole system elasti-cally only in the beginning and, if necessary, again af-ter rather large time intervals. The activation energiesfor the hopping rates then depend on the relaxed realpositions of the atoms.The atoms interact via a Lennard-Jones potential.We calculate the binding energies E


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT S This thesis is dedicated to Charles and Barbara Kennerson and William M. Webb, whose love, support and patience has been invaluable. The author is grateful to Professor Deborah G. Ventis under whose guidance this study was conducted. She also wishes to thank Joseph Galano and Neill Watson for their critical readings of this manuscript and Sheryl L. Catz for her encouragement and inspirational conversations.


Objective:  To determine the effectiveness of the program "Sweet and healthy life" in the knowledge and practices of self-care in adult patients with Diabetes Mellitus at the Primary Care Center III - Huaycan.  Materials and Methods:  Quasi experimental design, longitudinal section. The sample consisted of two groups, 27 in the control group and 27 in the experimental group, selected by non-probabilistic sampling, the program lasted 2 months and a pre and post test was applied. The instruments used for data collection were adapted by the researchers, a questionnaire was used for the level of knowledge validated with a KR-20 of 0.80 and to measure the practices it was an observation guide that reached a KR20 of 0.81.  Results:  It shows that the educational program was effective in the knowledge and practices of self -care in adult patients with Diabetes Mellitus with a p-value of 0.00, through the non-parametric Wilcoxon test.  Conclusions:  It is concluded that the intervention program is effective in the study variables.


Tweakable enciphering schemes are length-preserving block cipher modes of operation that provide a strong pseudorandom permutation. It has been suggested that these schemes can be used as the main building blocks for achieving in-place disk encryption. In the past few years, there has been an intense research activity toward constructing secure and efficient tweakable enciphering schemes. But actual experimental performance data of these newly proposed schemes are yet to be reported. In this paper, we present optimized FPGA implementations of six tweakable enciphering schemes, namely, HCH, HCTR, XCB, EME, HEH, and TET, using a 128-bit AES core as the underlying block cipher. We report the performance timings of these modes when using both pipelined and sequential AES structures. The universal polynomial hash function included in the specification of HCH, HCHfp (a variant of HCH), HCTR, XCB, TET, and HEH was implemented using a Karatsuba multiplier as the main building block. We provide detailed algorithm analysis of each of the schemes trying to exploit their inherent parallelism as much as possible. Our experiments show that a sequential AES core is not an attractive option for the design of these modes as it leads to rather poor throughput. In contrast, according to our place-and-route results on a Xilinx Virtex 4 FPGA, our designs achieve a throughput of 3.95 Gbps for HEH when using an encryption/decryption pipelined AES core, and a throughput of 5.71 Gbps for EME when using a encryption-only pipeline AES core. The performance results reported in this paper provide experimental evidence that hardware implementations of tweakable enciphering schemes can actually match and even outperform the data rates achieved by state-of-the-art disk controllers, thus showing that they might be used for achieving provably secure in-place hard disk encryption.


We have considered the features of the supersonic underexpanded flows formation under conditions of developed condensation, as well as measurements in such jets by electron-beam and molecular-beam methods. It is shown that under the conditions of large clusters formation both the geometry and the structure of supersonic jets may change. It is determined that the use of a mass-analyzer for recording monomers and clusters in a molecular beam has a number of peculiarities caused by the molecular beam formation from a jet containing large clusters. A method of mass spectrometry of clustered flows during the ionization of gases in a jet before the formation of a molecular beam is proposed. The features of this method are illustrated.


The essence of culture is the relation of human spirit and thought,which is invariably depicted through specific culture formation.Civilization,meanwhile,is the general and basic measure of value,which reflect the development of the culture formation as the result of the relation,to a certain stage.Culture is considered to be a comparatively steady crystallization,forming in the process of culture development.The research in the culture comparison focuses on the grasp of the dynamic development in different period or different culture formation,while the research in civilization comparison focuses on the realization towards the general and basic measure of value to which the different time period and different culture could reach.The two lay emphasis on different aspect,and yet the essense of culture and civilization is the discovery of human being and the relationshi between human and the world.


Objective: To investigate the characteristics of the coronary angiography findings in acute coronary syndrome patients complicated with over-weight or obesity.Methods: Ninety-three acute coronary syndrome patients were enrolled,among whom 55 cases had acute coronary syndrome complicated with over-weight or obesity and 38 cases had complicated without obesity.Coronary angiography was performed in all the patients.Results: Multiple vessel disease was mainly in acute coronary syndrome complicated with over-weight or obesity group(52.72%),higher than that in acute coronary syndrome complicated without obesity group,χ2 = 11.088,P 0.01.In the acute coronary syndrome complicated with over-weight or obesity group,the rate of severe stenosis and of complete occlusion of vessel were higher(27.03% and 34.46%,respectively) than those in acute coronary syndrome complicated without obesity group,χ2 = 15.262,P = 0.002.And the incidence of diffuse change in acute coronary syndrome complicated with over-weight or obesity(52.73%) was significantly higher than that in acute coronary syndrome complicated without diabetes mellitus group(20.77%),χ2 = 11.148,P = 0.001.Conclusion: Multiple vessel disease,severe stenosis and complete occlusion of vessel and diffuse change are the characteristics of coronary artery in acute coronary syndrome patients complicated with over-weight or obesity.


1 0n'Okoko, P., Vanhaelen, M. (1980) Phytochemistry 19, 303—305. 2 Vanhaelen, M., Planchon, C., Vanhaelen-Festrd, R., On'Okoko, P. (1987)J. Nat. Prod. 50, 312. Baunon, C. D., Craske, J. D., Ngo Trong Hai, Harper, N. L., O'Rourke, K. L. (1982) J. Chromatogr. 247, 63—69. Wagner, H., Bladt, S., Zgainski, E. M. (1983) Drogenanalyse, p. 305, (reagent No. 39) Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. Ferrari, M., Pelizzoni, F. (1971) Phytochemistry 10, 3267—3269. 6 Pandey, U. C., Singhal, A. K., Barua, N. C., Sharma, R. P., Baruah, J. N., Watanabe, K., Kulanthaivel. P., Herz, W. (1984) Phytochemistry 23, 391—397. Sharma, S. C., Tandon, J. S., Porter, B., Raja, M. S., Wenkert, E. (1984) Phytochemistry 23, 1194—1196. 8 Jefferies, P. R., Knox, J. R., Scaf, B. (1973) Austr. J. Chem. 26, 2199— 2711. It has been reported that several species of the genus Kadsura (Schisandraceae) contain triterpenoid acids, some of which showed inhibitory activities on cholesterol biosynthesis (1—4). In our previous papers we reported the isolation of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the stems of Kadsura longipedunculata Finet et Gagnep, collected in the Jiangxi province (5), and K coccinea (Lem) A. C. Smith, collected in the Guangxi province (6). Further investigations on these two medicinal plants yielded two new triterpenoid lactones named kadsulactone (1) and kadsudilactone (2). Following the isolation of schisanlactones A, B, C, and D from Schisandra sp. (7), these are the fifth and sixth triterpenoid lactones obtained from the family Schisandraceae. The occurrence of these lactones in the genus Schisandra as well as Kadsura is quite interesting for the chemotaxonomy of the family Schisandraceae. We now report the structure elucidation of these two new lactones by spectral analysis.


In this work, we propose a gain and stability enhancement technique with compact size for RF CMOS linear power amplifier applications. The proposed amplifier is designed with differential and cascode structures. To realize a compact size of the power amplifier, the driver stage is merged into the power stage of the power amplifier. To minimize the number of essentially required inductors, the load impedance of the power stage is shared with the driver stage of the power amplifier. Additionally, to moderate stability problems in the power amplifier, the closed loop is removed using a common‐gate transistor, which operates in the saturation region. The power amplifier can then operate in the linear operation. To prove the feasibility of the proposed linear amplifier, we designed a 2.4 GHz CMOS power amplifier using the 180‐nm RF CMOS process. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2265–2268, 2016


1. Partial control; i.e. where biological control has an impact, but other control methods are still required, is the most common result of biological control programs against weeds. For this reason, optimizing integration of biological control with other methods should be a research priority. However, there are relatively few examples where biological control and other control methods have been integrated and have led to enhanced control. 2. Potential reasons why biological control may fail to integrate with other methods are discussed and a large-scale integrated control trial to investigate the impacts of herbicide application, crushing by bulldozer and burning, either alone or in combination, on both the introduced wetland weed Mimosa pigra and its biological control agents are described. 3. In isolation, herbicide, bulldozing and fire were not effective control measures, but several combinations of techniques cleared mimosa thickets and promoted establishment of competing vegetation which inhibited seedling establishment. 4. Depending on the species, biological control agent abundance relative to mimosa was either unchanged or increased following herbicide and/or bulldozing treatments. 5. All agents re-colonised regenerating mimosa within one year of the fire treatment. Abundance of Carmenta mimosa declined, whereas Neurostrota gunniella increased dramatically following the fire. 6. We attribute increased abundance of N. gunniella in response to all treatments, to attack by this species being aggregated along stand edges. By reducing mimosa populations from monocultures to smaller patches or individual plants, control treatments will have increased the ratio of 'edge' to 'thicket' plants and, therefore, the proportion of plants susceptible to N. gunniella attack. 7. We conclude that integrating control techniques can successfully control dense mimosa thickets; and that biological control integrates well with other control options and should, therefore, lead to significant cost reductions in the management of mimosa. To maximise this benefit, integrated weed management plans should be designed to fully integrate biological control with other methods, rather than separate them spatially or temporarily.


Microscanning is a technique that improves the quality of IR camera and telescope images, with applications for surveillance and remote sensing in particular. Pixels in IR-band cameras are generally large, while the ratio of the pixel size to the wavelength is small (compared with that in a visible wavelength camera). This means that gain in pixel size is often limited by the small-scale design of standard cameras, compromising the resolution of the image produced. To address this, the microscanning process takes multiple sample images of the same target, each slightly displaced along a defined axis, to achieve a significantly higher pixel count in the final image.1 The detector line of sight is displaced half the instantaneous field of view of a pixel in X and Y directions (see Figure 1). We designed a system that integrates microscanning in a Cassegrain IR telescope to produce high-resolution images. Our system is catadioptric in design (that is, it uses lenses and mirrors for refraction and reflection). It comprises a telescope with two aspherical mirrors and one field lens, with a 50mm focal length corrected for the 7–14 m waveband (see Figure 2). It was designed for the ULIS 04171 microbolometer detector (which converts IR radiation into visible images) with 640 480 pixels and 25 m pixel pitch (the distance between pixels). Later, it was integrated with a ULIS 052501 model, with 1024 768 pixels and 17 m pixel pitch. The full field of view is 24.5 with the ULIS 052501, which is very large for a catadioptric system. Proper image reconstruction increases resolution, and the system's 1024 768 pixel detector can be used to generate images of 2048 1536 pixels. The optical modulation transfer function (MTF)—a measure of the system's resolution capabilities—does not change, but the effective resolution increases because of the high sampling frequency. Furthermore, the microscan with halfpixel shift reduces the occurrence of aliasing (where signals of Figure 1. Using microscan, an optical detector's line of sight is moved half the instantaneous field of view of a pixel in the following sequence: (0, 0), (CX, 0), (CX, CY), (0, CY). The result is a higher pixel count.


sage and video chat. Nowadays, the use of advanced Internet technology expands the variety of online platforms in delivering counseling services, including instant messaging and videoconferencing. Online communication platforms also give clients a sense of security to share sensitive information during counseling sessions. Young people may be more willing to explore and address topics that they feel ashamed to talk about in real-life settings. It is expected that online counseling can reach a much wider user community, including those who feel uncomfortable meeting in person, for mental illness prevention. Nevertheless, the anonymity and convenience of online counseling, which have been conventionally considered appealing to clients, were not significant factors motivating students to use online counseling services. Distressed students who perceived their previous counseling experience as effective would be more likely to use online counseling services. Instead of benefits and channels of online counseling, distressed students were more concerned about the effectiveness of counseling, compared to those without mental distress. With a successful counseling experience, distressed students may feel more comfortable to try online services. In fact, some previous studies have shown the effectiveness of online counseling. For instance, it was found that young people who engaged and intervened online had a significant alleviation in emotional distress and social withdrawal symptoms. Another study has also demonstrated that online counseling reduced suicidal thinking among medical students. This information may further encourage distressed students to use online counseling services. While more students are willing to utilize online counseling services, it is meaningful to advocate online counseling so it can be incorporated when developing student-centered support programs. In fact, some nongovernmental organizations have pioneered providing online counseling services in Hong Kong. Practitioners will inevitably encounter new technological challenges and ethical issues. Further research is needed to consolidate the experience and steer the counseling field in new directions. As the demand of mental health services has been growing in Hong Kong, online counseling will be a new alternative to meeting mental health needs in the future.


With the rapid development of the Internet, our life is inseparable from it. The introduction of "smart transportation" is the embodiment of the Internet + transportation system. In the near future, the Internet + transportation system will become a central issue for development. Extract real-life examples from real life and show the changes that the Internet + transportation system has brought to our travels. At the same time, this passage will describe the problems existing in the existing transportation system and propose countermeasures for the corresponding problems.


Background Guidelines recommend avoiding excessive oxygen administration during neonatal resuscitation. Recent studies have suggested that oxygen titration can be achieved using a self-inflating bag. However, only a few data have supported the effectiveness of resuscitators used in neonatal ventilation. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. The aim of this study is to determine the amount of oxygen delivered using several brands of neonatal self-inflating resuscitation bags without reservoirs under several conditions, including different oxygen flow rates, ventilation rates (VR), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) ranges, and test lung compliances. Methods The oxygen concentrations were measured under a variety of conditions. The combinations of oxygen flow rates (10, 5, 3 and 1 L/min), VRs (40, 60 inflations/min), PIP ranges (20 to 25 cm H2O, 35 to 40 cm H2O), and test lung compliances (0.6, 1, 3, and 5 mL/cm H2O) were examined using six kinds of self-inflating bags. Results The delivered oxygen concentrations distributed widely (30.1-96.7%) and had significant positive correlation with the gas flow rate in all of the bags. The concentrations were also negatively correlated with the PIP in all of the bags and with the VR in some of them. The test lung compliance did not affect the delivered oxygen concentration. Conclusion The use of neonatal resuscitation self-inflating bags without reservoirs resulted in different delivered oxygen concentrations depending on the gas flow rate, VR, PIP, and manufacturer, but not on lung compliance. These results suggest that targeted oxygen concentrations could be delivered, even in lungs with decreased compliance, during resuscitation.


Aims:  Anorectal melanoma (AM) forms a rare but highly malignant subset of mucosal melanoma with an extremely poor prognosis. Although AMs display histological and immunohistochemical features very similar to cutaneous melanoma (CM), no association exists either with exposure to ultraviolet light or with melanocytic naevi. While AMs are clearly distinguished from CM by displaying few BRAF mutations, they are commonly indistinguishable from CM at the level of gene expression. The aim was to carry out expression analyses of classical immunohistochemical markers and of the protein deleted in malignant brain tumours 1 (DMBT1) in cases of primary anorectal malignant melanoma and CM.


Eggs and larvae of the flatfish, Cynoglossus puncticeps were collected from Vellar Estuary and reared in the laboratory upto 72 hr (4 stages) while the rest of the 7 stages (6 postlarvae and 1 juvenile) were collected from plankton samples. Of two batches of eggs appeared in the plankton, the first batch was from January-April (sal. 30.76-34.77 ppt; temp. 27.43-31.18 degrees C) and second from July-October (35.37-19.81 ppt; temp. 28.65-29.63 degrees C). Subsequently larvae were collected from January-December (sal. 35.78-2.25 ppt; temp. 28.38-26.68 degrees C). Larval growth and the morphometric measurements have been described


In his article "African Literatures and Border Issues" Chimdi Maduagwu posits that
borders or boundaries are constructions which have social and symbolic implications and that they
are also relevant in a variety of social processes versus class stratification. Modern Africa is a
political construction from European colonialism and what we have today as countries of Africa
were closely knit nation states (which colonialists identified as tribes) who had their distinct
features. However, the advent of colonialism tore into the original nation state structure based on
given ethnic relationships and in its place constructed sovereign states or countries, which only
considered proximity or geographical relationships. Moduagwu examines the possibility of
reconciling the severance in relationships and argues that it is possible to achieve either
reunification or reintegration of the fragments of Africa by consolidating matters which unite and
overcoming divisions.


The utility model relates to a multipurpose embroidery wall calendar which is composed of a single or a plurality of hanging pictures and calendars, wherein, the hanging pictures use silk or cotton textile or chemical fiber as base material and is provided with various patterns formed by line embroidery. The calendars are pasted on the front middle lower part of the embroidery hanging pictures. The shapes of the embroidery hanging pictures are square, prismatic, elliptical, circular and polygonal. The utility model has the advantages that the utility model has tearing and folding resistance so that the utility model is not easy to be damaged and combines the characteristics of appreciation, decoration and practicability into a whole, etc. Besides counting days, the utility model can also be used for other purposes.


This paper proposes a novel software framework called KD-ACP. The framework implements the techniques of Artificial Society, Computational Experiments and Parallel Execution. KD-ACP provides a systematic and automatic platform for scientists to study the emergency management problems in social computing. It is composed of a series of tools categorized into three parts correspond with the "A", "C" and "P" respectively. The results from case study show that the most optimal emergency response decisions can be found through the software framework. In the end, the advantages of the KD-ACP and the futures work are summarized in the conclusion.


We consider the problem of signal reconstruction for a system under sparse signal corruption by a malicious agent. The reconstruction problem follows the standard error coding problem that has been studied extensively in the literature. We include a new challenge of robust estimation of the attack support. The problem is then cast as a constrained optimization problem merging promising techniques in the area of deep learning and estimation theory. A pruning algorithm is developed to reduce the "false positive" uncertainty of data-driven attack localization results, thereby improving the probability of correct signal reconstruction. Sufficient conditions for the correct reconstruction and the associated reconstruction error bounds are obtained for both exact and inexact attack support estimation. Moreover, a simulation of a water distribution system is presented to validate the proposed techniques.


BackgroundSince 2015, antimicrobial resistance was identified as a public health priority for the Southwestern Indian ocean (SWIO) (Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte (France), Reunion (France), and Seychelles). However, multidrug-resistant Bacteria (MRB) colonization rates in human populations from most islands of SWIO were still unknown in 2020 with neither hospital nor community baseline colonization rates estimated.MethodsBased on exhaustive hospital MRB screening laboratory data, we provided the first estimation of MRB colonization rates in hospitalized patients residing in SWIO (2015-2017). Using Reunion (European Union) MRB colonization rate as a baseline we identified at risk patients according to their territory of residence.ResultsThe survey pointed out significantly higher overall MRB colonization rates in patients from Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte, and Seychelles when compared to Reunion (France) with extended-spectrum betalactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae as a generalized public health issue for these territories. Specific epidemiological dynamics were pointed out in Mayotte and Seychelles patients with significantly higher methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization rates; and in Mauritius patients with higher carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) colonization rate.ConclusionThese results could be the first step to set up a regional MRB surveillance in SWIO hospitals.


Recognition of compound words tested against parsing and vice-versa : evaluation of two discriminative approaches We propose two discriminative strategies to integrate compound word recognition in a real parsing context : (i) state-of-the-art compound pregrouping with Conditional Random Fields before parsing, (ii) reranking parses with features dedicated to compounds after parsing. We show that these two approaches help reduce up to 18% of the gap between a baseline parser and parser with golden segmentation and up to 25% for compound recognition. MOTS-CLES : Mots composes, analyse syntaxique, champs markoviens aleatoires, reordonnanceur.


We present a general network model to simulate three-phase capillary dominated processes on pore networks extracted from a digitized representation of the rock microstructure. Important features, such as wettability alteration, hysteresis, intermediate phase spreading layers, and true three-phase capillary entry pressures, are implemented in the model. The model has been used to compute twoand three-phase relative permeabilities of a reconstructed reservoir rock. First, the model is anchored to the experimental two-phase data to yield end point saturations and the pore-scale wettability (i.e. contact angle) distribution. Next, predictions of three-phase relative permeabilities for different displacement processes are made. The computed results are compared with recently acquired experimental data. These data represent twoand three-phase steadystate flow measurements under in-situ conditions on composite core material from the Statfjord field (SCA2008-23) [15]. INTRODUCTION Three-phase flow in porous media is of sustained theoretical and practical interest in many industrial applications. In oil reservoirs, three-phase flow occurs during gas cap expansion, solution gas drive, gas injection, water alternating gas injection, depressurization below the bubble point, or CO2 storage. To understand and being able to predict three-phase flow behavior, accurate estimates of constitutive relations such as relative permeability and capillary pressure are needed. In the case of two-phase flow, constitutive relations are routinely measured in the laboratory. Three-phase relations are both difficult and time consuming to determine experimentally, especially under reservoir conditions. Furthermore, it is impractical to measure these relations for the full range of saturations paths that may occur during three-phase flow in the reservoir. As a result, three-phase relative permeabilities are almost always estimated from two-phase data on the basis of empirical models. Pore-scale modeling offers an alternative to empirical models. Pore-scale or network models can be used to predict multiphase flow behavior by simulating the flow process based on a detailed description of the pore structure, fluid characteristics, and the governing pore-scale displacement mechanisms. For two-phase flow, the predictive capabilities of using rock microstructure images combined with network modelling have been demonstrated on a number of different sandstones. In recent years, three-phase network models [1,2] have been developed and shown to predict with reasonable accuracy the three-phase relative permeability measurements conducted by Oak on water wet Berea outcrop sandstone [3].


Most elementary students have personal hygiene problems. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of module-based personal hygiene health trust (HBM) on personal hygiene behavior of students. This study was conducted in SDN 137 Sampean and SDN 296 Inpres Otin. The method using in this study is quasi experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The data were taken using a questionnaire to 20 students that learned with the module as responder intervention and 24 students who did not taught with the control module as respondents. Sampling was done by purposive the fourth grade. Data were analyzed by using a statistical analysis of two different test mean of the dependent and independent mean two different test with a confidence level of 95%.The results showed the changes in behavior before and after the intervention group learning for knowledge before learning that the average value was 53.6 after learning the average value became 80.9 and after one month of learning passed the average value to 70.7 statistical test results obtained value of P = 0,000. As for attitudes before learning the average value of 67.5 after learning becomes 83.5 and after one month of learning passed to 79.8, statistical test results obtained value of P = 0.000, and for action before learning the average value of 64.2 after one month of learning passed the average value to 73.1, statistical test results obtained value of P = 0.012.Based on the results concluded that the learning module health trust-based personal hygiene (HBM) effect on knowledge and attitudes, but does not affect the students self hygiene measures.


Medication non-adherence in IBD has previously been reported to be quite variable, ranging from 7 to 73%, and is considered to be an important contributor to disease flares. While there is currently no gold standard for medication adherence reporting in IBD, the Medication Adherence Reporting Scale 5 (MARS-5) has frequently been used in this population, but never validated.

 This study aimed to analyze medication adherence rates in a cohort of persons with IBD in Manitoba, report predictors of medication non-adherence on self-reported symptoms, and validate the MARS-5 as a medication adherence tool.

 55 subjects were prospectively followed with biweekly online surveys in the Manitoba Living with IBD Study. Subjects not taking any medications for IBD or only taking as needed, missing adherence data and those lost to follow-up were excluded, leaving 112 subjects. Descriptive data on demographics, surgeries, IBD medications, medication adherence, and measures of disease activity utilizing IBDSI-SF scores were collected. Mean annual medication adherence percentage, IBDSI-SF(>14=active for Crohn's,>13=active for UC) and MARS-5 scores were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine variables associated with medication adherence and to validate the MARS-5.

 Mean age was 42.9 years (SD 12.8), with 71.4% being female. Crohn's disease (CD) was diagnosed in 67.9%, with 37.5% having undergone at least one abdominal surgery. 70.5% of patients were on 2 or more IBD medications. Mean IBDSI score was 15.5 and mean MARS-5 score was 22.5. 20 (17.9%) patients reported a mean adherence of <90% across all medications- 18 were oral medication users, 1 was on an infusion biologic and 1 on subcutaneous adalimumab. 10 (9.8%) had adherence <80%, all of which were to oral medications. Multivariate regression analysis revealed only a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (OR 4.62; 95% CI 1.37–15.7; p=0.014) to be a predictor of adherence. Disease activity as defined by IBDSI (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.13–1.45; p=0.139) and fecal calprotectin >250ug/L (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.35–3.11; p=0.724), age >55 (OR 2.37, 95% CI 0.65–8.65; p=0.476), female sex (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.097–1.52; p=0.150) and stress (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.19–2.32; p=0.498) were not shown to be predictors. MARS-5 was compared to percentage adherence, showing moderate correlation (Pearson r=0.46). Logistic regression analysis showed each additional MARS-5 point was associated with a 1.7 times greater odds of >90% adherence.

 We report a highly adherent Manitoba IBD cohort. A diagnosis of CD was the only predicitor of adherence. MARS-5 showed moderate correlation with mean percentage adherence values, suggesting it is a valid assessment tool for determining medication adherence in an IBD population.

 None


In this paper we prove several point selection theorems concerning objects 'spanned' by a finite set of points. For example, we show that for any set $P$ of $n$ points in $\R^2$ and any set $C$ of $m \,{\geq}\, 4n$ distinct pseudo-circles, each passing through a distinct pair of points of $P$, there is a point in $P$ that is covered by (i.e., lies in the interior of) $\Omega(m^2/n^2)$ pseudo-circles of $C$. Similar problems involving point sets in higher dimensions are also studied. Most of our bounds are asymptotically tight, and they improve and generalize results of Chazelle, Edelsbrunner, Guibas, Hershberger, Seidel and Sharir [8], where weaker bounds for some of these cases were obtained.


By erecting simple rectangular plane coordinates that is suitable for slope stability analysis,numerical integral solving method is deduced based on Sweden slip circular and simple Bishop limit equilibrium method, reducing computing capacity a lot;so the safety factor of slope stability can be more veraciously computed;and corresponding computing programmes is compiled by Matlab language.


Tobacco and Your Health: The Smoking Controversy. By Harold S. Diehl, M.D. New York: McGraw-HUl Book Co., 1968. Pp. 271. $4.95. Dr. Harold S. Diehl has been, since 1958, an official of the American Cancer Society, thus becoming deeply involved in the campaign against cigarette smoking in its relationship to the increased incidence ofcancer ofdie lung. The book is not offered as a scientific document but rather, as said by Dr. Berwyn F. Mattison of the American PubUc Health Association, a book by an author who "frankly disclaims the roles of disinterested observer and impartial reporter." The book is propaganda mustering, in weU-organized chapters, the mass of opinion and the modicum of scientific evidence which led to the expressions of opinion. Diehl traces the growth of the campaign, the supporting voices culminating in die papers by Drs. Ernest Wynder and Evarts Graham, by Drs. Richard Doll and A. B. Hill, and then the extensive statistical studies ofDrs. E. Cuyler Hammond and Daniel Horn. From this point on the perspective widens to include die effects of tobacco on longevity, on respiratory diseases, on the circulation, and on the heart. Two brief pages concern air poUution with the potential synergistic effect of smoke from the air and smoke from tobacco. Some ofthe facts are a Uttle baffling in relationship to die cancer-tobacco concept. However, thejudgments are not left to the reader. The presentation is geared to die antitobacco crusade. Indeed the nine pages devoted to dissenting opinions are largely concerned with demolishing the dissent. I am especiaUy interested in the section on smoking by physicians, which tells about doctors who have smoked and stopped smoking. These statistical poUs are as dubious as those which used to be developed by Albert Lasker who sent aU die doctors boxes of cigarettes and one week later polled diem as to which cigarette diey were smoking ! A doctor who has just stopped smoking is very proud to return a postcard declaring diat fiict but like people everywhere—and doctors are people—he forgets to send another card stating that he has started again! However, there has been, widiout doubt, some diminution ofsmoking by physicians. This I observe in the meetings ofthe many medical organizations which I attend. The book by Diehl is an important social document concerned widi a pubUc health problem which unfortunately is not nearly so easily solved as die problems related to water and sewage disposal, but comes more nearly to such problems as that ofalcohol. I am, perhaps fortunately, one ofthose who has not smoked even once because I never wanted to. IfI had wished to smoke, I would quite certainly have done so. Similarly I have


Photoluminescence and absorption spectra of strained InGaAs/GaAs single quantum well (SQW) and multiple quantum well (MQW) structures as a function of well width have been investigated in detail. It has been demonstrated that the strength of the exciton‐LO phonon coupling is quite stronger in InGaAs/GaAs SQW structures than that of InGaAs/GaAs MQW structures by aid of the temperature‐dependent linewidth analysis. The critical temperature for the excitonic polariton‐mechanical exciton transition in InGaAs/GaAs quantum well structures is found to be ∼35 K.


The group-management of dairy cows has been adopted increasingly, as a result of enlargement of herd size. It is important to determine the nutrition level of cows for the improvement of the management system. Various indicators have been proposed for determining the consumption and the digestibility of feed consumed by animals under various conditions, such as grazing or confinement. Recent work concerning the use of acid-insoluble ash (AIA) as an internal indicator has been summarized by THONNEY1) who concluded that AIA was a suitable internal indicator for determining the digestibility of feed. However, the rations used in many studies were relatively simple and there have been few studies2) on the applicability of the AIA indicator method for lactating dairy cows in a practical commercial environment. The objective of this study was to compare the use of AIA, as an indicator for consumption and digestibility of feed and total digestible nutrients (TDN) consumed by lactating cows under unstanchioned conditions, with those of chromic oxide and acid detergent lignin (ADL) on the basis of values determined by the conventional total fecal collection method.


To match the requirements for development of transformer cores with lower iron losses, many new materials are under development including amorphous materials, 6.5% Si–Fe sheets and thin gauged 3% Si–Fe sheets. Among these materials, the thin gauged 3% Si–Fe sheets are attracting attention due to their good magnetic properties and scientific interest. Arai et al. reported that the magnetic properties of the sheets were comparable to those of the amorphous materials and (110)[001] preferred orientation of the sheets are developed by tertiary recrystallization.1 The 100 μm thick 3% Si–Fe sheets were prepared via conventional metallurgical processes including melting and casting, hot rolling to 25 mmT at 1200 °C, first cold rolling to 0.5 mmT, intermediate annealing at 800 °C for 30 min, second cold rolling to 0.25 mmT, intermediate annealing at 800 °C for 30 min, final cold rolling to 100 μm and final annealing at 1200 °C for 1 h in a vacuum of 5×10−6 Torr. Among these processes, the cold rolling process is ...


A suspension apparatus of a washing machine which supports a washing tub in a suspended state in a casing of the washing machine is disclosed. The suspension apparatus includes suspension rods supporting the washing tub in the casing in a suspended state, damper bases installed at the lower ends of the suspension rods, damping force changing members fitted around the suspension rods so as to be compressed according to the variations in load of the washing tub and change the damping force, and elastic members installed between the damping force changing members and the damper bases. Since the damping force of the suspension apparatus is changed according to a washing load generated by the washing tub during the operation of the washing machine, vibrations and noises of the washing tub can be minimized.


Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the scalp has increased prevalence in older patients and often presents later in life. Mohs micrographic surgery remains the most effective treatment in most cases. Delayed presentation may result in localized bony invasion or distant metastases. We present a case of an elderly woman presenting with extension of SCC into the parietal bone of the skull.


This project presents the Arduino-based Temperature Monitoring and Control via CAN Bus. Controller Area Network (CAN) bus that is designed to allow microcontrollers and other electronic devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle without a host computer. It was originally designed for multiplex electrical wiring within automobile, but also used in many other contexts. The desired temperature is obtained
by controlling the ON and OFF states of the heater and fan. The temperature is controlled using Arduino Uno that is interfaced with the plant using CAN Bus that provides
the communication between Arduino and LCD display.


This article describes some of the steps that can be taken across the entire oral chemotherapy journey to improve quality and safety by leveraging existing and emerging tools.


Procedure WPS-2201 is qualified under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel for gas tungsten arc welding of aluminum alloys 1060, 1100, and 3003 (P-21) to 3004, 5052, 5154, and 5454 (P-22), in thickness range 0.062 to 0.5 in.; filler metal is ER5356 (F-22); shielding gas is argon.


Begomovirus was reported as one of the most aggressive and destructive viruses on several commercial crops, including cucurbits in Indonesia. Plants that infected with Begomovirus show the mosaic symptom on the leaves, change in leaf shape, stunts, change in color and shape of fruit. It was recently observed in cultivated angled luffa [Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb] around Yogyakarta and Central Java. The aim of this research was to identify the virus by using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result of Begomovirus amplification from the total DNA samples amplification using primer Krusty-Homer showed that DNA of Begomovirus from angled luffa was amplified at ~580bp. The DNA sequencing of angled luffa's leaf isolate GD1 had 97.8% homology with SCLV-China isolate MC1. However, amplification of DNA seed samples using the same primer showed negative result. It was concluded that Begomovirus was not a seed borne virus. This is the first molecular report on the occurence of Begomovirus in angled luffa in Yogyakarta.


Waldorf education (Steiner e ducation) is one of the most well-established and largest alternative education approaches in the world. This educational approach was created out of the Anthroposophical worldview founded by Rudolf Steiner and relies on the teachings of Anthroposophy. However, the relationship between the educational practice in Waldorf kindergartens and schools and the worldview behind it is complex and multi-faceted, both from the internal point of view of those who work from within Waldorf education and from the critical point of view of external researchers. Indeed, Waldorf education has been criticized and attacked in many ways over the years, particularly for these reasons.
In this article, I shall attempt to throw l ight on this connection and explain it from different aspects. First, I shall briefly present Rudolf Steiner's life path and teachings, i.e. the anthroposophical worldview, and then I shall show how Steiner, the founder of Waldorf education, viewed the connection between Anthroposophy and Waldorf education. Subsequently, I shall explicate why and how this connection has been subject to criticism from various sides. Finally, I shall present two ways that try to elucidate this connection and justify it before its critics.


Objective To observe and compare the therapeutic effects of treating female menopausal syndrome with aurichlar point pressing therapy and acupuncture. Methods 86 patients were randomly divided into auricular point pressing group and acupuncture group, the comparative observation was conducted according to a modified Kupperman index. Results Statistical analysis showed that there's no significant difference between the therapeutic effects of the two groups. Conclusion Auricular point pressing therapy and acupuncture were both effective in treating female menopausal syndrome, while auricular point pressing had the advantages of easy operation and acceptance.


Leveraging the labeled data from source stream to handle unlabeled data from target stream is a promising method for multi-stream classification. However, there are still two main issues, concept drifts and concept revolution, needed to be addressed. A couple of methods is proposed to solve them, such as adding a change detection module, modifying sliding window size and setting concept confidence. However, the majority of these approaches did not consider shared data structures among multiple data streams, which can be employed to handle these two issues. At the same time, a lot of algorithms assume that the source data stream and the target data stream are all come from the same domain. In reality, however, most data streams are from different domains with different data distributions. In this paper, therefore, we propose a novel framework Low-Rank Transfer Learning (LRTL) to address cross-domain multi-stream classification. LRTL is mainly composed of three modules, i.e., domain adaptation module, change detection module and classification module. Different from these existing multi-stream classification frameworks, we design a novel domain adaptation module, which utilizes low-rank representation and graph embedding to preserve data structures that have many benefits in dealing with concept drifts and concept revolution. Extensive experiments are carried out on the domain adaptation module and the proposed framework LRTL on multiple benchmarks, which verifies that our domain adaptation methods and frameworks can achieve the state-of-the-art results with significant improvements.


John S. Moolakkattu and Jos Chathukulam (Eds.), Challenges to Local Governance in the Pandemic Era: Perspectives from South Asia and Beyond. UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2022, 365 pages. £75.99, ISBN 978-1-5275-8174-6 (Hardback).


This paper performed the computer simulation of improved material compressing experiment using non linear dynamics analysis program LS DYNA3D, to testify reliability and feasibility of the method.


Rates of maternal mortality in the U.S. are higher in minority women (Obstet Gynecol 1985; 65:605) — a disparity often attributed to personal medical


We report 3 patients with persistent symptoms at vaccination sites. All were allergic to aluminium and one to thiomersal and neomycin too. Aluminium allergy causes false positive patch test reactions and we propose methods of patch testing patients with symptoms at vaccination sites in order to avoid this problem. The practical relevance of allergy to non‐toxoid constituents of vaccines is discussed.


Solid films are deposited, or fine powders formed, by dissolving a solid material into a supercritical fluid solu tion at an elevated pressure and then rapidly expanding the solution through a short orifice into a region of relatively low pressure. This produces a molecular spray which is directed against a substrate to deposit a solid thin film thereon, or discharged into a collection chamber to collect a fine powder. Upon expansion and supersonic interaction with background gases in the low pressure region, any clusters of solvent are broken up and the solvent is vaporized and pumped away. Solute concentration in the solution is varied primarily by varying solution pressure to determine, together with flow rate, the rate of deposition and to control in part whether a film or powder is produced and the granularity of each. Solvent clustering and solute nucle ation are controlled by manipulating the rate of expan sion of the solution and the pressure of the lower pres sure region. Solution and low pressure region tempera tures are also controlled.


We report the properties of a spin-polarized In0.4Ga0.6As/GaAs quantum-dot surface-light-emitting diode with a Ga0.974Mn0.026As spin injector layer. Spin-polarized holes from this ferromagnetic layer recombine with electrons in the quantum dots to produce circularly polarized light output. The peak optical polarization efficiency at 5.1 K is 18% and the spin injection efficiency is estimated to be ∼36%. The temperature dependence of spin injection is almost identical to the temperature dependence of magnetization in the (Ga, Mn)As layer.


The presented work is to determine the mass fraction of angiotensinⅠ in solution by isotope dilution method,which is a pilot study organized by Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance.Firstly,the hydrolysis time and hydrochloric acid addition volume ratio were optimized and the degradation of natural and isotope labeled proline,valine,leucine and phenylalanine during the hydrolysis process were investigated.Secondly,the mass fractions of proline,valine,isoleucine and phenylalanine in the angiotensinⅠhydrolysis solution was determined employing isotope dilution method with their reference materials as standards.Finally,the angiotensinⅠ mass fraction and associated uncertainty were calculated according to the amino acid mass fraction obtained,which was(75.2±2.6) μg/g.It showed that the result obtained in this paper has good equivalence with the average.It can be concluded that the isotope dilution method for peptide quantification is accurate and is suitable for peptide reference materials production.


Introduction: Human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) ranks second in mortality rates among tropical infectious diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent need of a prophylactic vaccine for HVL. Among the antigens candidate, different studies show that Leishmania amastigote 2 (A2) protein is immunogenic and this protein is commercially available in a vaccine for canine visceral leishmaniasis. However, the presence of saponin as adjuvant makes its formulation improper to be used in humans. Thus, towards vaccination in humans, it was proposed to develop a recombinant chimeric protein with the presence (rDTL4_tag) and the absence (rDTL4) of the histidine tag. This antigen contains a fragment of A2 and, combined with specific adjuvants, may be used as a strategy for vaccination against HVL.


Sensor having a detector array (4), the normal field of view of the sensor is provided with means for determining whether the hidden. The image output from the detector array (4) is by the processor (8), are compared with previously been acquired and stored in the memory (6) is regular field of view of the image. In the case where significant differences exist between these images, a processor (8) activates the alarm device (10). By comparing the positioning of high spatial frequency detail in the image, by utilizing the fact that such detail is not present, the sensor may indicate that there may have been shielded.


Given a spatial crime report dataset, spatial analysis aims at identifying and quantifying spatial relationships and distributions of crime patterns. This article provides an overview of spatial analysis of crime report datasets. It presents examples of spatial crime patterns and describes the features of current analytical tools that are available for use by the law enforcement community. We illustrate the utility of these spatial crime patterns and analytical tools using an example case study in an Indian setting.


The purpose of this research was to evaluate the response of teachers and students towards the humanistic mathematics learning assisted by interactive CD using SAVI approach and to knowing the effectiveness of humanistic mathematics learning assisted by interactive CD using SAVI approach to increase the students' critical thinking skill. This research is an experiment research. Subject in this research are students of the junior high school in Central Java. The results showed: (1) the teacher's response was 3.29 out of a maximum score of 4.00, it indicates a good response. (2) the student's response was 3.43, indicating a very good response, and (3) the mean score critical thinking of the experimental group students' is 82.95 of the maximum score of 100, showed good critical thinking. Therefore, the use of humanistic mathematics learning assisted by interactive CD using SAVI approach gets good response from the teachers and students and also improve students' critical thinking skill. AMS subject classification:


"There is no future in artifacts," a renowned archaeologist recently explained to me. I couldn't disagree more. Things are the lifeblood of archaeology; they are not just data. Humans are attached to the world through things, and archaeologically recovered objects are potent evidence of this bond. Because archaeological objects have such extended life histories, biographies of finds can provide views of long term social and artifact change, expose changes in use, and shed light on how people form attachments to things. As Daniel Miller indicates "humanity [is] inseparable from its materiality (Miller 2006:347). Through its biography, an artifact can contribute to an interpretation of the identity of a specific occupant of a site, but the journey of an archaeological find is significant in its own right, too, because, as Gosden and Marshall point out, through its social interactions we learn what it materializes of our past and how it comes to be invested with meanings that change through its life time (Gosden and Marshall 1999: 170). Pursuing an artifact through its life history leads us down many paths and opens up new avenues for connecting and comparing seemingly unrelated artifacts. A museum exhibit of an assemblage of finds with complete biographies could illustrate surprising social and artistic connections, and through their very personal nature, make profound connections with visitors even in mainstream museums.


This study aimed at understanding the forage potential and current dynamics in Tanzania so as to improve forage supply chains that would in turn increase availability, accessibility and affordability of forage to smallholder dairy farmers in North Eastern Tanzania. The study was a cross sectional in design and data were collected from review of literature and from 85 respondents using key informant interviews and focused group discussions. The data collected was summarized using Microsoft Excel and market system/sub sector analytical tools. Sub-sector mapping analysis was used to map the core forage actors, product flows and interrelationships. Results indicate that forage sub-sector growth is pinned down by several systemic constraints associated with availability, accessibility and affordability including climate change effects, relative small land availability for grazing and for forage producers, inadequate quality and certified forage seed supply, inadequate extension services, relative high capital investments and inadequate market development in support of whole forage market system. Furthermore, results indicate that forage market system in Tanzania is still at its infancy stage as forage commercialization practices is dominated by very limited large forage businesses. Main commercial forage farms in Tanzania produce essentially hay. Pwani and Tanga regions account for about 62% of the total hectares under forage production. The supporting functions by public and private sector are scattered and no clear policy and regulatory environment in place to promote the forage industry, yet the main driver in animal husbandry is proper feeding regime. In 2016/17, about 1,150,916 bales of hay were produced by both public and private farms. Price of forage varied per season and the variation depended mainly on the availability and cost of transportation. In conclusion, improvement is needed in the production, preservation and commercialization of forage in order to meet the growing demand.


The present invention relates to a non-conflicting urban motor-vehicle road system. It is characterized by using ground road as basis, changing all the motor-vehicle road intersections into non-conflicting intersections and remaking the traditional urban-road system composed of high-speed road, main road, secondary road and branch road into a high-speed urban-road system so as to solve the problem of traffic block.


The article is devoted to topical issues of applying IFRS 15 "Revenue from contracts with customers" the Standard provides a new approach to revenue recognition, consisting of five consecutive steps to analyze the terms of sale in the contract with the buyer. The article considers examples of identification of obligations to perform depending on the terms of the contract and the features of the goods and services provided to the buyer.


Italy, after an initial phase of uncertainty and superficiality, suddenly found itself largely unprepared in the face of the cyclone that broke out in a very short time due to the irrepressible spread of coronavirus infection. Lacking, in most structures, the prevention plans, having not taken into account previous experiences SARS, avian flu, BSE, Ebola (solved thanks to a UN intervention) the defensive lines we had in Italy have not proven to be adequate: structures, e.g. operational units of respiratory care, intensive care units and resuscitation units. The minimum essential equipment of masks, suits, fans, tampons, etc., came to be lacking in a very short time. But themost felt and decisive deficiencywas represented by the lack of selection and separation: in brief, 'territorial health', which should have contained the first wave, provided the first care and intervened with an immediate selection between those who stay at home, keeping strictly under control from the danger of spreading the contagion, and who to postpone. This would have included the subsequent filtering of access to the emergency rooms, to essential hospitalizations and graded depending on the severity of the patient's condition. This is a very far-sighted area of health, which has already been introduced by laws in some communities but has never been widely implemented, but which, quite rightly, reconsidered the need for close integration between health care and social care. All this was largely due to a clear unpreparedness in governing the situation at all levels:


The weight-average molecular weight(Mw),number average molecular weight(Mn),molecular weight distribution(Mw/Mn) and intrinsic viscosity(IV) of cellulose diacetate flake were analyzed by GPC coupled with multiple detectors, including refractometer index(RI),low angle laser light scattering(LALLS) and four-capillary differential viscosity(DV).The results showed that: 1) Mw,Mn,Mw/Mn and IV of cellulose diacetate flake could be determined accurately by GPC/RI/LALLS/DV;2) the Mw and Mn were higher and Mw/Mn range was wider for cellulose diacetate flake made from soft wood pulp and short cotton linter;3) when cellulose diacetate flake was pyrolyzed,the Mw/Mn range became wider, IV decreased,and the pyrolyzed polymerization might emerge.


Introduction Foreign body ingestion is an ENT emergency frequently encountered in both children and adults. Case Report A case of an open safety pin in the hypopharynx in a fifteen year old boy is reported, which remained impacted there for the past 15 days without any significant symptom or complication. CT scan, performed before surgical intervention, did not show any migration of this foreign body from its intraluminal site. This was removed by 'Magill forceps technique'. Postoperative period was uneventful. Conclusion Pointed foreign body may present with negligible symptoms and that too may stay in the cricopharynx for long without migration. Magill forceps technique can be a good surgical option in such cases.


By using nanoindentation technique relationship between microstructure and mechanical parameters such as nanohardness Hh, plasticity characteristic, and Young's modulus E were found to be dependent on the grain size of the bcc-Fe subjected to severe plastic deformation by friction (SPDF) with argon atmosphere. Unlike fcc-metals in which the decreasing of grain size to 20 nm results in hardness growth accompanied by decreasing the plasticity, it was found the reverse effect in bcc-Fe, i.e. decreasing the grain size from 50 to 20 nm caused the decrease of hardness and increase of plasticity. Moreover, the decrease of Young's modulus E with decreasing the grain size down to 20 nm was detected in nanoindentation experiments.


With many oilfield enter the late stage of production,the difficulty of mining increased gradually.In this case,the thin interbeds of sandstone and mudstone is paid more and more attention to research and evaluation.In seismic exploration,the thin layer mainly use seismic attribute to interpretation,Different seismic attribute is changed to sandstone and mudstone thickness and contact relationship,Therefore,it is necessary to research the relationship between the seismic attribute Influence and sandstone and mudstone thickness and contact changing.This paper base on one oilfield practical profile,By shrinking two columns of sand body distance continually,until interpenetration each other,establishing six sandstone and mudstone interbed models,and wave equation forwarding and extracting attributes in six models,Analysis five categories fifty kinds of seismic attributes change condition along with the sand body movement,Search sensitive seismic attributes about sand body prediction,provide the basis for optimization of seismic attributes,Thus reasonable using various seismic attributes to predict the changes of thickness of sand body and the contact relationship,reduce the seismic interpretation existence probability,improve the precision of reservoir prediction.


It is considered the synergetic as a direction of research basing on processes of self-organizing in nature and society realizing by means of processes of anti-entropy


Objective: classical methods of determining arterial blood supply of the graft following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) reflect the presence of blood flow in the trunk and large branches of the A. hepatica, without the characteristic of completeness of blood filling of peripheral sections, which is very important for objective evaluation of function. The aim of this study is to establish the diagnostic value of a direct perfusion study (IFlow) of the graft. Materials and methods. From 1998 to 2019, 245 OLTs were conducted. From 2015 to 2019, arterial changes were detected in 24 (23%) patients after 104 OLTs. A perfusion study was performed in 9 patients with suspected arterial graft failure. According to the IFlow study, liver hypoperfusion due to stenosis and/or splenic steal syndrome was detected in 8 cases and became an indication for therapeutic intervention. Results. Hepatic stenting and/or splenic artery embolization was performed to improve arterial blood supply to the liver. Endovascular procedures performed restored the perfusion index from 0.24 (0.01–0.89) to 0.61 (0.35–0.98). Conclusion. Absence of ultrasound and multispiral computed tomography signs of arterial complications does not rule out the need for perfusion angiography. Perfusion angiography allows to objectify the angiography data and perform corrective intervention in good time.


The synthesis and the characterization of a series of phosphine adducts of (imido)vanadium(IV) dichloride complexes of the type V(═NR)Cl2(PMe2Ph)2 [R = 2,6-Cl2-Ph (1), 2,6-iPr2-Ph (2), and tBu (3)] and V(═NtBu)Cl2(PMe3)2 (3′) are reported. The solid-state structures of 1 and 3′ were determined by X-ray crystallography. The complexes present a geometry around the metal center between a distorted trigonal-bipyramid and a square pyramid, with an almost linear N–V–C bond. Complexes 1–3 were evaluated as catalyst precursors for the polymerization of ethylene and ethylene copolymerization with various cyclic olefins (i.e., norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, and 5-vinyl-2-norbornene). In combination with Et2AlCl (500 equiv to V) and Cl3CCO2Et (ETA, 10 equiv to V), 1–3 are versatile and promising catalysts for the synthesis of high molecular weight linear poly(ethylene)s and alternating copolymers with efficient comonomer incorporation, unimodal molecular weight distributions, and uniform c...


The article discusses the importance of the enhancement of financial literacy among populations, in particular budget literacy that is the central issue of this database. The focal point of the article is the project called "Budget for Citizens", where the budget of Udmurt Republic serves as an example. The article provides the analysis of components of information budget for citizen that is allocated on UR Ministry of Finance site. The author suggests that the information components and its sequencing should be changed. The motivation measures to encourage citizens to receive budget information are also offered. In particular, it is offered to reduce the number of major notions on the first pages of citizen budget, to move part of the information to supplements, to add major criteria and parameters of the budget (revenues, expenses, social expenditures, deficit/surplus) and federal debts (amount of debt, borrowing forms) per capita, and provide comparative information from neighbouring areas of Pryvolzsky Federal District of the Russian Federation.


While rock temperature is a key factor for many geomorphic phenomena in high mountains, assessing the small‐scale temperature distribution remains challenging. We adapted the program package WUFI®, originally designed to calculate energy and moisture fluxes in building walls, for modeling natural rock faces. We determined physical rock properties and local meteorological parameters as input data for the simulations at rock walls in the Dachstein Mountains, Austria, and calculated annual temperature fluctuations at the surface and at 3, 10, 30, 50 and 100 cm depth, including different elevations, aspects and slope angles. Thirty‐seven temperature sensors inserted into drillholes of different depths at ten locations (altitudes from 2300 to 2700 m) were used to validate the simulation. Additionally, surface temperatures were determined from infrared images; these were calibrated for surface emissivity using further temperature sensors. Simulated temperatures and sensor data show very good agreement, with a mean correlation coefficient of 0.94, and the validation of surface temperatures by thermal imaging also delivered good results (r > 0.9). This means that the WUFI software can be used to model complex temperature distributions in natural rock wall settings, thus making it a valuable tool for geomorphological investigations.


The mixed-mode strength of bonded joints can be predicted by techniques such as cohesive zone models (CZM), which requires the estimation of the adhesive strength and fracture toughness (GC). Under the scope of fracture properties, the tensile and shear fracture toughness (GIC and GIIC, respectively) and the corresponding mixed-mode behaviour are particularly relevant. Moreover, these parameters highly depend on the adhesive thickness (tA), making it relevant to validate and propose CZM laws for bonded joint design. This work numerically addressed the tA influence on the mixed-mode fracture process of adhesive joints. For this purpose, single-leg bending (SLB) test experimental data was used, considering joints with composite adherends and a ductile adhesive, and tA from 0.1 to 2.0 mm. A numerical CZM analysis was performed, including the experimental and numerical load-displacement (P-δ) curves' comparison for validation, followed by the CZM law estimation and fracture envelope validation, for all tA. The effect of the different CZM parameters on the results was finally evaluated. Overall, it was possible to numerically ascertain the tA effect on the fracture behaviour of adhesive joints and to propose a numerical technique for mixed-mode bonded joint analysis.


The forward and reverse links of a DS-CDMA cellular system are traditionally allocated identical processing gains or bandwidths. The authors propose unequal processing gains for both channels so that the system capacity is maximised. Numerical results indicate a capacity gain of 58% for a simple two-cell model.


Saurabh Dube's invitation to participate in this collection called my attention to enduring enchantments that, created by the self-defining discourse of modernity, acquire an ontological dimension beyond the discourse itself. ''Modernity'' has, in these enduring enchantments, a double role. On the one hand, it is part of a series of oppositions (modernity/tradition, colony/modernity) and, on the other, modernity names the paradigm in which the enchantment of enduring oppositions is reproduced and maintained. Dube stated that


Appling spatial correlation analysis of ESDA,inspects overall spatial correlation and partial spatial correlation for mean residential housing price in Nanjing,gets Moran's I index and changing trend for each period date,partial Moran's I index for each mean residential housing price,and LIAS dendrogram for mean residential housing price,proves that there exists obvious spatial correlation among all mean residential housing prices.


The MAGIC telescopes are two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) located on the Canary island of La Palma. With 17m diameter mirror dishes and ultra-fast electronics, they provide the lowest energy threshold among existing IACTs. Reaching down to 50 GeV in standard trigger mode, it is the only IACT that can close the energy gap between satellite-borne and ground-based observations. In this paper we present recent scientific highlights of MAGIC including morphology studies of SNR W51C, detection of Crab pulsar at energies above 100 GeV, detections of new sources and results from studies of sources in flaring state. We also present the current status of the MAGIC upgrade program.


In Metro Vancouver, the recurrence of gang violence involving young South Asian men has spawned a series of public explanations about a new threat to public safety: the 'Indo-Canadian gangster'. This article explicates the racial force of a specific exposé on the putatively 'cultural' origins of the Indo-Canadian gangster which identifies the domestic realm of the city's South Asian populations as the principal cause of this gang violence. By tracking the trajectories of this exposé and other texts that take similar confessional forms, this article provides important insight into the differential capacity of texts to attract public attention and to persuade, by virtue of the narrative forms they assume as well as the semantic content of the knowledges they mobilize. On the one hand, this article documents the tropes of cultural inertia that characterize public knowledges of the 'Indo-Canadian home', which is configured as a domestic space that is culturally insulated from putatively Western norms of civility and legality. On the other hand, it explains how this exposé acquires its epistemic force from the confessional form of the knowledges it circulates, which acts as a mechanism of cultural interpellation for South Asian actors who are positioned to renounce and disavow the pathologies of Indo-Canadian culture.


ABSTRACT SATURATED hydraulic conductivity (K) was measured on two structured clay-rich soils in Ohio using samples with three different cross-sectional areas, 625, 44 and 13 cm2. One of the soils tested had approximately 35 macropores/m2 and the other soil had few or no macropores. The mean vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil with macropores varied from 20 to over 100 times that of the soil without macropores. Vertical K values were ten times greater than horizontal K values in the soil with macropores. The method employing the largest cross-sectional area resulted in the smallest coefficient of variation in the soil with macropores and fewer large samples than samples with a smaller cross-sectional area were needed to estimate the mean K value within ±20%. The number of samples required depended on the mean K and coefficient of variation of the method tested. The soil with macropores had such a large mean K that, although it had greater absolute variability, fewer samples were required to achieve the same relative degree of precision compared to the soil without macropores. The standard deviations of K for the soil with macropores were 20 to over 70 times those of the soil without macropores.