Objective:To determine the content of ursolic acid in 30 kinds of natural plants of jiangxi. Method:HPLC was carried out on a SymmetryShield RP18 column using MeOH—H 2O—H 3PO 4(88∶12∶0.1),with detection at 210nm,flow rate 1.0ml/min and column temperature 25℃.Result:The content of ursolic acid in 30 kinds of natural plants of jiangxi was 0.106~0.603%.Conclusion:The method is sensitive,accurate and with good repeatability.


Title 1
Table of Contents 4
1 Introduction 7
2 Materials and Methods 22
3 Results 34
4 Discussion 65
5 Acknowledgements 76
6 References 77
7 Abbreviations 100
8 Appendix 102


Academics studying public firms' choice of governance arrangements have largely assumed that stock prices accurately reflect the effect of these arrange¬ments on firm value. As a result, firms going public generally have an incentive to seek arrangements that maximize shareholder value, and states seeking incor¬porations have an incentive to offer such arrangements. Oddly, this literature has ignored the considerable evidence that stock prices are frequently "noisy" ¬deviating significantly from fundamental value. This Article systematically ana¬lyzes the effect of noisy stock prices on firms' choice of governance arrangements. It demonstrates that stock price noisiness leads firms to seek - and states to of¬fer - arrangements with a current-owner bias - that is, arrangements favoring both insiders and current public shareholders at the expense of future public shareholders and long-term corporate value. Current-owner bias can explain many features of (and gaps in) state corporate law as well as the governance ar¬rangements chosen by public firms. The problem of current-owner bias also has important normative implications for the desirability of the market for corporate charters, the proper relationship between mandatory federal securities regula¬tion and state corporate law, and the wisdom of recent proposals to "empower" firms to choose their own securities regime.


The Neural Machine-Parsed IcePaHC is a machine-parsed treebank which consists of Icelandic texts from the 13th to 20th century, mostly Icelandic sagas. The texts were parsed using the IceNeuralParsingPipeline, a parsing pipeline which includes an Icelandic model of the Berkeley Neural Parser along with pre- and postprocessing steps. The parser was trained on IcePaHC and the parsing scheme of the treebank is therefore the same, although the treebank does not include empty phrases or lemmas. The treebank includes 52 texts. The total word count is 1,716,429 and the total number of clauses is 167,815.


The city transportation mix increases the trend towards the use of battery powered vehicles shows potential additional gains for the electric utility companies, in view of the technological improvements provided by the makers of these cars. Furthermore, this means an effective oil fuel consumption reduction, and additional air and sound pollution decrease. This paper suggest a probabilistic based analysis of the impacts on daily load curves in view of vehicle battery recharges. Additionally, the paper discusses some energy and environmental effects.


Task-oriented virtual assistants are software systems that provide users with a natural language interface to complete domain-specific tasks. With the recent technological advances in natural language processing and machine learning, an increasing number of task-oriented virtual assistants have been developed. However, due to the well-known complexity and difficulties of the natural language understanding problem, it is challenging to manage a task-oriented virtual assistant software project. Meanwhile, the management and experience related to the development of virtual assistants are hardly studied or shared in the research community or industry, to the best of our knowledge. To bridge this knowledge gap, in this paper, we share our experience and the lessons that we have learned at managing a task-oriented virtual assistant software project at Microsoft. We believe that our practices and the lessons learned can provide a useful reference for other researchers and practitioners who aim to develop a virtual assistant system. Finally, we have developed a requirement management tool, named SpecSpace, which can facilitate the management of virtual assistant projects.


Moire contouring can be implemented by illuminating an object with coherent light from two closely spaced point sources—known as the "two point" method. This method can be implemented using digital speckle pattern interferometry techniques (DSPI) by illuminating the object with a single point source that is moved between datasets. We briefly present the algorithm, and some inherent implicit and explicit assumptions, used in this technique. One assumption made is that the object remains stationary between datasets. If violated, this bold assumption will create hundreds of microns of error from fractions of a micron of object motion. We present simulations and experiments demonstrating these sensitivities and two techniques to compensate for object motion during data acquisition.


Sorbitol and sugar composition in fruits were investigated in 6 different plum cultivars during ripening. The fruits were harvested at different maturity stage in the experimental orchard of the Agricultural Institute Osijek. Sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and sorbitol in fruits were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Significant differences were found between sucrose, glucose, fructose and sorbitol depending on harvest date and on cultivar. The amount of sorbitol and sugars in fruits significantly increased during maturation. The individual sugars, glucose and sucrose were the highest in all harvest stages. Glucose was the predominant sugar in one cultivar. Fructose content remained relatively low. Plums with high total sugar content had higher content of sorbitol. The discriminant analysis (LDA) showed that plum cultivars were clearly separated according to sorbitol and sugars composition in fruit.


The present invention relates to a process for preparing soybean oil, in particular, relates to a novel method of preparing epoxidized soybean oil, are organic chemical catalytic reaction and cross-art synthesis of new materials. The technical solution adopted which comprises the steps of: sampling the reaction process, purification process. The present invention does not use hydrogen peroxide as the oxygen source, an oxygen source instead of oxygen, to avoid the disadvantages due to the addition of hydrogen peroxide is difficult to control the temperature, greatly reducing the cost; organometallic salt catalysts selected, a metal oxide additives selected to replace the current methods the invention has been disclosed and employed in the organic acid with an inorganic acid catalyst with the adjuvants, eliminating the need for caustic washing and dewatering processes, a simplified process flow, stabilizing the reaction of the present invention, the relative reduction reaction by-products, high epoxy value products, It is a practical method of preparation process has green.


Testimony is one of the most important evidence, but in terms of doctrine and case, it appears a controversial approach to interpretation. This study aims to be an interdisciplinary approach, to highlight the psycho-legal elements, both of witness and testimony, elements of criminal procedural law. The method used in developing this approach is especially observation and managed by highlight, to connect the legal, criminal and psychological field in a delicate way.


Inertial sensors combined with supervised machine learning techniques are largely employed for automatic Human Activity Recognition (HAR). Machine learning scientists made available to the community a plenty of labeled datasets that permit, especially in the recent years, to develop sophisticated techniques, such the ones based on deep learning. These techniques have recently become very popular because they are highly accurate. Nevertheless, some researchers still use the combination of traditional classifiers, such as SVM and k-NN, with handcrafted features or raw signals. The aim of this paper is to investigate the robustness of traditional classifiers combined with hand-crafted features compared with an end-to-end deep learning solution based on a Residual Network. Experiments on four public datasets are presented and discussed.


The need to identify a number of factors that affect the basic skills of futsal as a first step to develop futsal coaching programs for athletes, became the background of this research. Among the factors that is considered influential to the basic technical skills of futsal is the intellectual intelligence and physical fitness. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between two dependent variable, that is intellectual intelligence and physical fitness, with one independent variable that is basic techniques skill in futsal game of the Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia futsal team members. Quantitative approach with descriptive analytic method was used in this research. The study was conducted at the campus site of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia by taking 30 members from UPI Futsal Team as research participants using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by using several research instrument, that is Advance Progressive Matrices (APM) to test intellectual intelligence, Cooper Physical Fitness Test to test physical fitness, and Basic Futsal Technique Skill Test to test basic techniques skill in futsal game. Thus, the correlational analysis was revealed a negative and non-significant relationship between intellectual intelligence and basic techniques skill in futsal game, however, a positive yet strong and significant relationship was found between physical fitness and basic techniques skill in futsal game. Further recommendations was addressed specially to : (1) futsal athletes, (2) coaches and management of futsal team, and (3) future researchers, in order to pay more attention to physical fitness variable that is has a close relationship with the mastery of basic techniques skill in futsal game.


Amniocentesis is usually performed in the second trimester (at 15 to 16 gestational weeks). This Canadian multicenter study assessed the safety of


Intramedullary stabilisation of long bones is an established treatment option since Küntscher. Especially for tibial nailing different methods were proposed in the past, were as the use of a fracture table was more or less the standard procedure. Since 4 years now we are nailing tibial fractures without fracture table. We are now using more and more a simple carbon fibre-frame, easily assembled by parts of the AO external fixator. So we can minimize the additional iatrogenic soft tissue damage during surgery and the logistic preoperative set-up in the operation theatre is shorter.


COPD is currently one of the top 3 causes of death in the world with high morbidity and mortality. Various studies showed if symptoms of COPD patients are not well controlled then chances of admission & readmission has been increased. To find reasons for readmission in such patients this study was conducted. Between January 2020 and December 2021, we prospectively evaluated all the patients who were readmitted for acute exacerbation of COPD at tertiary care hospital RMCH Bareilly. Total 119 patients were enrolled in our study. Among 119 patients 25(21.0%) patients were readmitted for acute exacerbation of COPD. Patients discharged on LTOT among them 16(64.0%) were readmitted. Sputum culture among readmitted patients showed pseudomonal growth in 10(40.0%) as important risk factor. Common Comorbidities observed as diabetes mellitus 8(32.0%), hypertension 6(24%) of readmitted patients. Duration of hospital stay on previous visit of more than 6 days was observed in 12(48.0%) of readmitted patients. Average duration of hospital stays was 7+/-3 days. We found that there are multiple factors contribute to the risk of readmission in COPD patients. Risks can be minimised by ensuring regular follow up and proper adherence to the treatment, proper nutrition and pulmonary rehabilitation.


Recent advances in Xilinx's FPGA devices and design tools significantly improve the practicality of incorporating dynamic partial reconfiguration into high-performance embedded computing systems. By taking advantage of internal configuration access ports, Xilinx FPGAs are capable of in-situ partial reconfiguration without the need for external components, a technique defined as self-reconfiguration. However, proper planning and a significant amount of manual floorplanning are required to effectively leverage partial reconfiguration and truly enhance the capabilities of a system and/or achieve cost savings. This paper proposes and analyzes partial reconfiguration design methodologies to enable selfreconfiguration using Virtex-4 and Virtex-5 FPGAs.


Abstract Fehr et al. (2010) proposed the first sender-equivocable encryption scheme secure against chosen-ciphertext attacks (NCCCA) and proved that NC-CCA security implies security against selective opening chosen-ciphertext attacks (SO-CCA). The NC-CCA security proof of the scheme relies on security against substitution attacks of a new primitive, the "crossauthentication code". However, the security of the cross-authentication code cannot be guaranteed when all the keys used in the code are exposed. Our key observation is that, in the NC-CCA security game, the randomness used in the generation of the challenge ciphertext is exposed to the adversary. Based on this observation, we provide a security analysis of Fehr et al.'s scheme, showing that its NC-CCA security proof is flawed. We also point out that the scheme of Fehr et al. encrypting a single-bit plaintext can be refined to achieve NC-CCA security, free of the cross-authentication code. Furthermore, we propose the notion of "strong cross-authentication code", apply it to Fehr et al.'s scheme, and show that the new version of the latter achieves NC-CCA security for multi-bit plaintexts.


The study choose Guangzhou city as study area to analysis the temporal and spatial change of land use and coverage change from 1996 to 2004 based on remote sensing images. The main conclusions are listed as follows. First, the areas of cultivated land, woodland, grassland and unused land decreased during the period, while the area of construction land and water area increased. The change rate of construction land is fastest, while the rates of water area and cultivated land take the second order. Second, the land use changes of Guangzhou city have significant spatial difference. From 1996 to 2004, the change rate of unused land in Baiyun District, Huangpu District, Fangcun District, Huadu District and Conghua City are higher than the decrease rate of cultivated land, and in Tianhe District, the rates of cultivated land are the fastest in two periods. It advised that the government should strictly control the approval of construction land to slowing its growth rate. At the same time, the government should take more actions on protect cultivated land.


Objetive. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of five phenotypic virulence markers in isolated strains of Aeromonas in fish being sold in Pamplona, Colombia. Materials and methods. A total of 47 strains previously identified were used. Haemolytic activity on blood agar, supplemented with 5% sheep erythrocytes, and blood agar supplemented with 5% human erythrocytes; proteolytic activity in Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 10% (w/v) skim milk; lipolytic activity on tributyrin agar and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity on DNAse agar plates were evaluated. Results. Strains of A. hydrophila, A. veronii GH 8, A. jandaei, A. veronii GH 10 and A. eucrenophila demonstrated haemolytic, proteolytic, lipolytic and nuclease capacities. All A. popoffii strains were β-haemolytic, proteolytic and with DNase activity on human blood agar. Strains of A. caviae, also were haemolytic and lipolytic, whereas the strain of A. schubertii presented haemolytic and DNase activity. Conclusions. The frequence of the virulence factors in the studied strains was: 87% of the isolates presented nuclease production, 83% were β-hemolytic on human erythrocytes, 68% presented lipase production, 63% were proteolytic, and 53% were found to be haemolytic on sheep erythrocytes, these data indicate the possible pathogenic potential of the strains. These results also suggest that the fish sold in Pamplona, could be an important source of Aeromonas species expressing factors associated with virulence in humans.


This study has two purposes: (1) to develop and refine a measure of the quality of the complementary service named 'use-of-classrooms-for-teaching–learning' and (2) to contribute to the empirical evidence regarding the dimensions of the complementary service. The design was cross-sectional of development and scale validation. The research methods were based on factor and psychometric analyses. The study was conducted in three phases. In the initial phase, 30 interviews were conducted in order to collect critical incidents. The second phase involved the improvement of items (self-administered questionnaire of 59 items, Cronbach's α, and exploratory factor analyses). Students from Industrial Engineering at the University of Antioquia comprised the sample (n = 290). In the third phase, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was implemented, using Amos 21.0 software. The items that made it through the exploratory stage was 23, classified under 7 latent factors (the initial model in the CFA). Through strategies of re-specification, four more models were arrived at, and finally two models (a 16-item model and a 15-item one), both with seven latent factors, were chosen. These models are two versions of a scale we have called ClassroomQual, which presents satisfactory measures of overall fit, parsimony, reliability, and validity.


A method ofactivating endogenous cDNA synthesis inavian retroviruses that results intheformation of twospecies offull-length cDNAinhigh yield isdescribed. Tests ofbiological activity showinfectivity ofatleast thesameorder ofmagnitude asforfull-length cDNAmadebyother procedures. Melittin, themajor component ofbeevenom, isused asanal- ternative tononionic detergents tomaketheviral envelope permeable andthus activate theendogenous RNA-dependent DNApolymerase. This compound isatoxic peptide knownto interact withphospholipid membranes. Itappears tobeless disruptive totheviral structure thandetergents, resulting ina moreefficient transcription oftheviral genome. Preliminary tests indicate that this method will also prove useful forstudying enzymatic activities associated withother enveloped viruses. Thestandard method ofsynthesizing cDNAbytheendogenous reverse transcriptase reaction hasbeen tomakethevirus en- velope permeable with anonionic detergent inthepresence of theappropriate salts, buffers, reducing agent, anddeoxynu- cleoside triphosphates. Itisclear fromseveral studies that the concentration ofsomecomponents iscritical forthesynthesis ofaproduct that contains full-length transcripts oftheviral genome. Thedetergent concentration hasavery narrow opti- malrange for thesynthesis oflarge cDNAmolecules from avian sarcoma virus, andnolarge transcripts aremadewhenthis concentration isexceeded (1). Theimportance ofbalancing the divalent cation anddeoxynucleoside triphosphate concentra- tions forthesynthesis oflarge transcripts ofMoloney murine leukemia virus hasalso been documented (2, 3). However, high deoxynucleoside triphosphate concentration andlong incu- bation arenotrequired forfull-length cDNAsynthesis by equine infectious anemia virus (4). Finally, ithasbeen shown that theaddition ofribonucleoside triphosphates canincrease theyield offull-length transcripts inreactions using purified components (5) andintheendogenous cDNAreaction (6). The full-length invitro synthesized cDNAsofboth murine and avian retroviruses have beenshown tobeinfectious bytrans- fection assays (6, 7). Inthepresent study weexamined theuseofmelittin, the major component inbee(Apis mellifera) venomasanalter- native tononionic detergent fordisruption ofvirions for cDNA synthesis. This cationic peptide of26amino acids hasanunusual arrangement oflargely hydrophobic (positions 1-20) andhy- drophilic (positions 21-26) residues whichmakesithighly surface active. Its lytic activity onboth natural andartificial membranes hasbeen well characterized (8-10). Wereport here that melittin canbeused inplace ofnonionic detergents forthe synthesis ofcDNAthat isthelength ofinvivo proviral DNA andisinfectious. Ourdata suggest that this compound canmake theviral envelope permeable sothat substrates forcDNAsyn- thesis canenter, without disruption ofstructural components that mayberequired forauthentic provirus synthesis. Pre- liminary results indicate that this methodwill prove tobe generally useful forthestudy ofenzymatic activities associated withenveloped viruses.


Since 2009, several radio receivers have been installed throughout Europe in order to realize the INFREP European radio network for studying the VLF (10-50 kHz) and LF (150-300 kHz) radio precursors of earthquakes. Precursors can be related to “anomalies” in the night-time behavior of  VLF signals. A suitable method of analysis is the use of the Wavelet spectra.  Using the “Morlet function”, the Wavelet transform of a time signal is a complex series that can be usefully represented by its square amplitude, i.e. considering the so-called Wavelet power spectrum.

The power spectrum is a 2D diagram that, once properly normalized with respect to the power of the white noise, gives information on the strength and precise time of occurrence of the various Fourier components, which are present in the original time series. The main difference between the Wavelet power spectra and the Fourier power spectra for the time series is that the former identifies the frequency content along the operational time, which cannot be done with the latter. Anomalies are identified as regions of the Wavelet spectrogram characterized by a sudden increase in the power strength.

On January 30, 2020 an earthquake with Mw= 6.0 occurred in Dodecanese Islands. The results of the Wavelet analysis carried out on data collected some INFREP receivers is compared with the trends of the raw data. The time series from January 24, 2020 till January 31, 2000 was analyzed. The Wavelet spectrogram shows a peak corresponding to a period of 1 day on the days before January 30. This anomaly was found for signals transmitted at the frequencies 19,58 kHz, 20, 27 kHz, 23,40 kHz with an energy in the peak increasing from 19,58 kHz to 23,40 kHz. In particular, the signal at the frequency 19,58 kHz, shows a peak on January 29, while the frequencies 20,27 kHz and 23,40 kHz are characterized by a peak starting on January 28 and continuing to January 29. The results presented in this work shows the perspective use of the Wavelet spectrum analysis as an operational tool for the detection of anomalies in VLF and LF signal potentially related to EQ precursors.


Remote sensing image fusion is a method which integrates multiform image data sets into a new data set by geometry matching, color transformation and other ways. During mapping the LiJiang county in YunNan province with high-resolution remote sensing imagery, we found that it is a good way to utilize the technique of image fusion, which includes image matching, image interpolation, edge enhancement, and imagery updating, to improve the mapping quality. After iterative experiments, we explored a new way to update and fuse based on TM images, SPOT panchromatic images and air photographs. In the fused image, various RS image information can supplement each other, so the fused image not only has abundant spectrum information, but also reserves high spatial resolution. It proves that image fusion is an important way to improve representation ability of mapping imagery.


Some embodiments includes an acquisition of color Doppler data, for one or more transition portions of the color Doppler data, its respective transition section, a first region corresponding to the flow velocity in the first direction, the first direction in and a detection of one or more transition portion located between the second region corresponding to the flow rate is not. Calculating a normalized energy function across one or more of the one or more transition portion, identifies the configuration of the flow area in said color Doppler data, further, with the normalized energy function of the flow area based structure and to determine the aliasing correction for the color Doppler data.


Abstract This paper looks at the concept of neighborhood canonicity introduced by Brian Chellas [2]. We follow the lead of the author's paper [9] where it was shown that every non-iterative logic is neighborhood canonical and here we will show that all logics whose axioms have a simple syntactic form—no intensional operator is in boolean combination with a propositional letter—and which have the finite model property are neighborhood canonical. One consequence of this is that KMcK, the McKinsey logic, is neighborhood canonical, an interesting counterpoint to the results of Robert Goldblatt and Xiaoping Wang who showed, respectively, that KMcK is not relational canonical [5] and that KMcK is not relationally strongly complete [11].


A novel design method about photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with large area model field (LAMF) is demonstrated. Different from ordinarily design that the core of PCF formed by missing one air holes in the center of section, many air holes distributed in heartland all together come into being the core region. Air holes are arranged regularly in core region and outer cladding regions according to different periodical character, respectively. The effective refractive index (n eff ) of core region should be higher than cladding region because of total internal reflection (TIR) requirement. In this paper, two kinds of typical scheme are offered to realize LAMF-PCF. First, Λ, the spacing of neighboring air holes in whole section is fixed, once the radius of air holes in the core region rc is smaller than the cladding air holes rcla, LAMF-PCF will be formed. The modal area only lessens a little as rc is reduced. Especially, optimal size of rc can nearly make MFA insensitive to wavelength. On the contrary, dispersion parameter of PCF will take place visible change along with rc reduced, and ultra-flattened dispersion character can be realized when rc is optimized. Another method of designing LAMF-PCF is keeping all air holes uniform in the whole section of PCF, but the space of neighboring air holes in the core region Λc is longer than the cladding region Λcla, so neff of core region is higher than the cladding region and TIR can take place.


The high number of bankruptcies in Indonesia, which increased to 54% in the pandemic era, had negative impacts on the economic ecosystem in Indonesia. A regulation is needed that can reduce the number of bankruptcies, in which the moratorium of Act 37/2004 is a discourse that will be predicted as the main solution. The moratorium of Act 37/2004 with its weaknesses has been rejected by many parties, so this research will offer a more appropriate alternative solution in the form of setting temporary measures on bankruptcy. This study seeks to describe the urgency and prospects of the presence of temporary measures on bankruptcy in Indonesia and recommend the regulation and implementation of temporary measures on bankruptcy in Indonesia. This legal research is normative legal research with data obtained from library research analyzed descriptive-qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that the moratorium of Act 37/2004 does not provide fair benefits for debtors and creditors in resolving bankruptcy problems so that it will actually hinder investment in Indonesia. Temporary measures on bankruptcy is an alternative that fills the absence of law in Indonesia regarding provision to bankruptcy relaxation. These measures provide fair benefits for both parties while still being able to file for bankruptcy but with a certain threshold and stimulus. Seeing the success of temporary measures on bankruptcy in various countries in reducing the number of bankruptcies, Indonesia needs to immediately implement the same thing in the Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (PERPU).


The dragon boat festival on the Hupeh-Hunan plain, Central China : a study in the ceremonialism of the transplantation of rice


In this paper, an integrated solution of fault detector for motor drive applications is presented. The circuit is developed in monolithic high voltage technology. The goal of the IC is the detection of different types of fault which can affect the three phase inverter or the motor in electrical drive systems. The fault condition is detected sensing a shunt resistor put on the DC+ bus of the inverter and can be communicated to the DSP using an open drain output pin of the chip. The proposed IC represents a versatile and inexpensive solution, requires few external passive elements and can be used in applications with the inverter DC+ bus up to 600 V. The circuit does not need any external supply. It offers the possibility to regulate the voltage threshold for the fault detection using two external resistors and guarantees the response time required by the considered applications. The designed circuit, its characteristics and its performances are reported and discussed.


MicroRNAs have emerged as central regulators of cellular homeostasis and increasing evidence suggests that they play a key role in neuronal plasticity. Major efforts are made to define microRNA networks and their targets in the brain. The mechanisms by which microRNA activity is regulated are, however, relatively unexplored. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Störchel et al ( ) screened for proteins that affect microRNA function in neurons. They identify Nova1 and Ncoa3 as novel regulators of miRNA activity and demonstrate that both proteins are essential for neuronal plasticity in a microRNA‐dependent manner.


Designing advanced energy materials based on carbon nanostructures that could meet consumer requirements with high performance at low cost and not requiring expensive or precious materials is a green step towards new-gen energy systems. Such systems would be lightweight and could replace rapidly exhausting Li-based batteries. Although several carbon nanomaterials were reported for high performance, the problems with capacity, rate capability, or electrochemical stability still have to be improved for the high performance of these materials. The most promising and widely accepted way to improve the electrochemical properties of electrode materials is their tailoring at the nanoscale. Therefore, in our research, we developed one of the most promising ways to achieve these properties with the plasma-assisted synthesis of various advanced carbon nanostructures. Plasma is also a clean, ecologically benign and safe processing tool to tailor electrode materials at the nanoscale, without any waste residuals. The plasma-assisted processing was aimed at all-in-one packaged electrodes at a low cost for industry requirements. Using different carbon-containing gases, we produced different graphene-like 1D or 2D materials or their hybrids in low-temperature plasmas as a base or in single-step. The hybrid carbon nanostructures doped or with nanoparticles were used directly as electrode materials. However, in some cases, the sequent conversion or modification secondary step was applied to modify electrode materials for high performance. This was done either with doping with N atoms or conversions with sulphur. These electrode materials were then tested for batteries improving Li-storage or designing new multivalent metal-ion batteries and electrochemical supercapacitors. The obtained results were compared to the existing state of the art, and significant improvements in electrochemical performance were achieved. The talk will highlight these achievements with different synthesis processes for various carbon nanostructures and their hybrids and compare their performance as electrodes for improving batteries and supercapacitors.


Hypertension in patients with diabetes is a common problem; it increases the risk of cardiovascular, renal and ophthalmologic complications. Appropriate measurement of blood pressure is important, as the readings are the target of all pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment. The aim of the present study was to observe the prev-alence of significant difference in blood pressure in the arms in type 2 Diabetics and to establish if there is association between inter-arm blood pressure difference (IAD) and cardiovascular risk. A cross sectional study conducted in 5 primary care health centers. BP measurements were done by automatic Omron 7 machine; the measure-ments were done two times with interchanging the instruments between two arms. Da-ta collection included demographic data (including, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences, duration of Diabetes, history of HTN, and smoking status).The data collection form also included entry of last biochemical investigations done in-cluding total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Cardiovascular risk (CV risk ) calculated by UKPDS engine version 2.0. Data was analyzed with SPSS (version 19). A total of 155 patients were studied. Mean age of patients was 55yrs. 22 participants (14.2, 95% CI=9.1-20.7) had systolic IAD >10 mmHg, 51 (33%, 95% CI=25.6-40.9) had a diastolic IAD >5 mmHg and 9 (5.8 %, 95% CI=2.7-10.7) had a diastolic difference >10 mmHg. In addition, the results showed statistically significant correlation between systolic interarm BP difference and duration of diabetes (P=0.025).There is significant diastolic interarm blood pres-sure difference in diabetic patients. Hence it is important to measure the blood pres-sure in both arms for patients with diabetes to treat hypertension in diabetics appropri-ately.


This article has the objective of proposing the characterization of a Project Management Office model for the strategic projects of a Federal University of Brazil (UFB). The research methodology that provided the achievement of the proposed objectives is called Research in Design Science. The proposed characterization of the Project Management Office model for the Federal University of Brazil (UFB) was composed based on the examples studied by the literature review, on the characteristics identified at UFB by the case study. Among the contributions of this research, the following stand out: the ability to maximize the necessary resources for UFB and generate knowledge in this area, enabling great advances in the management of the university's strategic projects; the ability to generate tools that support decision making and provide support in processes, increasing the success rate in projects.


In 1907, the pulsating extremity of the Maritime Entity1 known as the British Empire celebrated its elevation to Dominion status. Its joyful citizens sang lustily: God Defend Our Freeland Guard Pacific's Triple Star From the Shafts of Strife and War And Make Her Praises Heard Afar Keep that last line in mind as New Zealand sought praise far from home by the means of a battleship. Why a battleship? When the offer was made it was understood that the Dominion was promised a battleship rather than the Indefatigable-class battlecruiser that eventually arrived.


Let W be a Wiener process and let be a measurable function of two variables. In this paper we show that the function f admits a generalized derivative in x, a weakgeneralized derivative in t and a second order weak generalized derivative in x if and only if thetransformed process is a semimartingale and the quadratic covariation of theintegrand of the martingale part of and W t exists in a weak sense. Under these conditions a generalized Ito formula is proved


Identifying a user's location can be useful for recommendation systems, demographic analyses, and disaster outbreak monitoring. Although Twitter allows users to voluntarily reveal their location, such information isn't universally available. Analyzing a tweet can provide a general estimation of a tweet location while giving insight into the dialect of the user and other linguistic markers. Such linguistic attributes can be used to provide a regional approximation of tweet origins. In this paper, we present a neural regression model that can identify the linguistic intricacies of a tweet to predict the location of the user. The final model identifies the dialect embedded in the tweet and predicts the location of the tweet.


Contrast-enhanced ultrasound,as a new ultrasound technology,widely used in the diagnosis of cardiac and abdominal disease,which had significant effects.In this article,the initial application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in intracranial vascular disease are summarized.


In order to improve the quality of Magnetic Resonance (MR) images, a denoising algorithm for a MR image using Dual-Tree Contourlet (DT-Contourlet) transform is proposed. The distribution model of noise of the MR image is investigated, and a method to estimate the noise parameters of the squared magnitude MR image is derived based on the assumption that such noise obeys Rician distribution. Then, the pyramidal dual-tree directional filter bank of DT-Contourlet is analyzed to show that DT-Contourlet maintains the flexibility direction selectivity of the Contourlet transform, and overcomes the shortcomes of the Contourlet in lack of shift invariance.After that, the locally adaptive window is used to compute the shrinkage factor to shrink the DT-Contourlet coefficients of the squared magnitude MR image in the DT-Contourlet domain by calculating the Variance Homogeneity Measurement (VHM). Finally, the denoising algorithm to MR image is implemented via the inverse DT-Contourlet transform. Experimental results show that the Peak Signal-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of simulated MR images by proposed algorithm is superior to that by traditional algorithms.With different noise variances, the PSNR of new algorithm is high 2.13 dB and 0.91 dB than those of wavelet-based and contourlet-based algorithms averagely. For visual quality, the proposed algorithm can reduce the noise in MR images effectively and retain more details simultaneously.


Abstract Background E-sports is becoming increasingly popular; however, participation is not without risks. Certain lifestyle factors associated with gaming may have negative effects on the wellbeing of the players. Objective This systematic review of current studies of e-athletes' health and wellbeing, primarily focused on athletes level of physical activity. This review also aimed to gain insight on potential health promotion and management strategies for e-gamers and e-athletes. Method Four online databases (Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EBSCO) were searched for full-text English articles published between 2010 and April 2020. A total of six articles met the inclusion criteria and were included for review. Results From the six studies, five themes were identified: (1) demographics of e-sports; (2) e-athletes' level of physical activity, compared to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines; (3) reasons to engage in physical activity; (4) physical training as a part of e-sport training; and (5) degree of sedentary time. Other findings included e-sports injuries reported by participants, broader aspects of health behaviors, along with proposals for multiple disciplinary team approaches to e-athlete management. Conclusion Despite the level of sedentary behavior and e-sports related injuries from the reviewed studies, the majority of e-athletes in the studies included met WHO physical activity guidelines with health promotion as primary motivation. Other health behaviors (sleep and diet) are particularly relevant to e-athletes. More research is needed to better understand this population's health-related behavior and habits to better establish their wellbeing and health risks.


RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and Wireless sensor network (WSN) are two important wireless technologies that have wide variety of applications and provide unlimited future potentials. RFID is used to detect presence and location of objects while WSN is used to sense and monitor the atmospheric environment. Integrating RFID with WSN not only provides identity and location of an object but also provides information regarding the condition of the object carrying the sensors enabled RFID tag. Radio frequency identification is another identification system that uses radio frequency for object and location identification. In recent days, RFID has provided cost effective solution for object identification in areas like parcel distribution, airline luggage identification, security enabled smart keys and etc. To identify a moving object within a wireless space that does not wireless capabilities, the only possible solution is to integrate wireless networks and RFID. Integrating these two technologies would provide low-cost solution for object identification and tracking for wide range of applications. RFID is a means of storing and retrieving data through electromagnetic transmission. It can be widely used in military, environmental monitoring and forecasting, healthcare, intelligent home, intelligent transport vehicles, warehouse management, and precision agriculture. This paper presents a brief introduction of RFID, WSN, and integration of WSN and RFID.


System reliability describes the ability of an energy system to meet its demand at any time. In this thesis, a German energy scenario for 2025 with large shares of fluctuating
renewable energy sources, in particular wind and photovoltaic, is analyzed regarding the influence of historical meteorological input data on system reliability.
Using the loss of load expectation approach (LOLE) for a German energy scenario an assessment of the influence of various meteorological years on system reliability is carried out. The results indicate a significant impact of the used meteorological year on the LOLE.
Furthermore the interdependency of curtailment and load balancing on system reliability is investigated. Therefore a LOLE for a German energy scenario for 2025 considering curtailment and flexibility options is calculated using the energy system model REMix. The outcome reveals a large influence of load balancing on system reliability. The loss of load expectation is reduced to almost zero.


Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in various immune cells and tumor cells, and is able to bind to PD-1 on T lymphocytes, thereby inhibiting their function. At present, the PD-1/ PD-L1 axis is a major immunotherapeutic target for checkpoint inhibition in various cancer types, but information on the clinical significance of PD-L1 expression in cervical cancer is largely lacking. Here, we studied PD-L1 expression in paraffin-embedded samples from two cohorts of patients with cervical cancer: primary tumor samples from cohort I (squamous cell carcinoma n=156 and adenocarcinoma n=49) and primary and paired metastatic tumor samples from cohort II (squamous cell carcinoma n=96 and adenocarcinoma n=32). Squamous cell carcinomas were more frequently positive for PD-L1 and also contained more PD-L1-positive tumor-associated macrophages as compared with adenocarcinomas (both P<0.001). PD-L1-positive tumor-associated macrophages were found to express CD163 and/or CD14 by triple fluorescent immunohistochemistry, demonstrating an M2-like phenotype. Interestingly, disease-free survival (P=0.022) and disease-specific survival (P=0.046) were significantly poorer in squamous cell carcinoma patients with diffuse PD-L1 expression as compared with patients with marginal PD-L1 expression (i.e., on the interface between tumor and stroma) in primary tumors. Disease-specific survival was significantly worse in adenocarcinoma patients with PD-L1-positive tumor-associated macrophages compared with adenocarcinoma patients without PD-L1-positive tumor-associated macrophages (P=0.014). No differences in PD-L1 expression between primary tumors and paired metastatic lymph nodes were detected. However, PD-L1-positive immune cells were found in greater abundance around the metastatic tumors as compared with the paired primary tumors (P=0.001 for squamous cell carcinoma and P=0.041 for adenocarcinoma). These findings point to a key role of PD-L1 in immune escape of cervical cancer, and provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide and is induced by a persistent infection with one of the high-risk strains of the human papilloma virus (HPV), most frequently HPV16 and/or HPV18.1,2 Several types of cervical tumor histology can be distinguished, but the most commonly applied stratification is squamous cell carcinoma vs adenocarcinoma, both with different oncogenic mutations,3,4 and different immunological tumor microenvironment.5-7 Despite these substantial differences, current treatment modalities are the same for both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.8 At present, patients with cervical cancer are treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy or chemoradiation, depending on tumor stage and tumor size.8-10 Unfortunately, the number of patients with adenocarcinoma is still rising and these patients seem to have a poorer survival rate than squamous cell carcinoma patients, especially if adenocarcinoma present with tumor-positive lymph nodes.11-14 To improve the prognosis of cervical cancer patients, novel immunotherapeutic strategies need to be developed and established. In addition, histological subtype-specific treatment needs to be considered, which requires a detailed investigation of the tumor microenvironment in relation to clinical outcome of these tumor types. Promising immunotherapeutic therapies targeting immune checkpoint molecules, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expressed on activated T cells, counteract the immunosuppressive cycle prevailing in the tumor microenvironment and have led to complete and long-lasting clinical responses.15,16 Also, anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy has been associated with improved survival outcome in several types of cancer, including lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell cancer, and bladder cancer.17,18 At present, in advanced cervical cancer, clinical Phase I/II trials are ongoing examining the effects of ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4; NCT01711515), pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1; NCT02054806), and nivolumab (anti-PD-1; NCT02488759); however, no study results have been reported yet. Recently, we have identified a suppressive myeloid cell subset expressing PD-L1, with high and interrelated rates of regulatory T cells in metastatic lymph nodes of patients with cervical cancer.19 Currently, information is largely lacking about PD-L1 expression patterns in primary and metastatic cervical tumors. Therefore, we investigated the expression of PD-L1 in primary and metastatic cervical cancer in relation to the two major histological subtypes (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma), and studied the correlation with pathological and clinical characteristics in two patient cohorts. This study provides more insight into the role of PD-L1 in cervical cancer, and strengthens the rationale for blocking the PD-L1/PD-1 immunosuppressive axis. 2 2 33 32 CHAPTER 2 PROGNOSTIC EFFECT OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION PATTERNS IN CERVICAL CANCER


Spectroscopic and magnetic studies have been made on Fe3+ ions in a variety of oxide host lattices, namely NaSc1–xFexTiO4, NaFeSnO4, CaSc2–xFexO4, Sc2–xFexTiO5, NaFeTi3O8, α-NaSc1–xFexO2, CsxScx–yFeyTi2–xO4, β-NaAl1–xFexO2, CsxScx–yFeyTi4–xO8, LiFeTiO4, and CsFeSi2O6. The 119Sn Mossbauer spectra of NaFeSnO4 and NaScSnO4 were also recorded. In most of these lattices the crystal fields at the iron sites depart significantly from cubic symmetry and we have found that isolated Fe3+ ions give rise to a strong e.s.r. signal at g′= 4·3 and a magnetic Mossbauer spectrum. These spectra are strongly concentration and temperature dependent. We conclude that the magnetic Mossbauer spectra are the result of a pure spin-alignment effect, while the g′= 4·3 e.s.r. signal is the result of ground-state splitting which occurs even when the spins are not strictly aligned. The electronic spectra of these compounds have been analysed and the bands corresponding to a particular transition are found to be remarkably constant. Only those transitions which correspond to the two lowest levels, and whose energies are crystal-field dependent, show significant changes in band position.


Abstract Most typical data mining techniques are developed based on training the batch data which makes the task of mining the data stream represent a significant challenge. On the other hand, providing a mechanism to perform data mining operations without revealing the patient's identity has increasing importance in the data mining field. In this work, a classification model with differential privacy is proposed for mining the medical data stream using Adaptive Random Forest (ARF). The experimental results of applying the proposed model on four medical datasets show that ARF mostly has a more stable performance over the other six techniques.


Background:  Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and manometry (MII‐EM) allow simultaneous measurement of both pressure and bolus transit. The aim of this study was to establish normative data in Chinese subjects for combined MII‐EM and to correlate liquid and viscous bolus transit by impedance with esophageal contractions by manometry.


The low-temperature selective catalytic reduction(SCR) denitrification of a flue gas was carried out with Ce-MnOx/ACFN.The denitrification efficiencies were studied by modifying the activated carbon fibers(ACF) and changing the Ce-MnOx loading capacity,Ce/Mn molar ratio and operating conditions respectively.Ce-MnOx/ACFN as a SCR denitrification catalyst has good activity at 70-110 ℃.The denitrification efficiency increases with rising temperature,and it improves obviously after the ACF is modified by nitric acid.With the increasing of Ce-MnOx loading capacity and Ce/Mn molar ratio,the denitrification efficiency increases firstly and then decreases;but with the increasing of NH3/NO molar ratio in the inlet flue gas,it increases firstly and then tends to be stable.When the volume fraction of vapor in the inlet flue gas is above 8% the denitrification efficiency decreases with the vapor volume fraction increasing.


In his study, we investigate low level predictors from audio and writing modalities for the separation and identification of socially dominant leaders and experts within a study group. We use a multimodal dataset of situated computer assisted group learning tasks: Groups of three high-school students solve a number of mathematical problems in two separate sessions. In order to automatically identify the socially dominant student and expert in the group we analyze a number of prosodic and voice quality features as well as writing-based features. In this preliminary study we identify a number of promising acoustic and writing predictors for the disambiguation of leaders, experts and other students. We believe that this exploratory study reveals key opportunities for future analysis of multimodal learning analytics based on a combination of audio and writing signals.


PRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL SEEDS Artificial seeds, consisting of somatic embryos enclosed in a protective coating, have been proposed as a low-cost, high-volume propagation system (Redenbaugh et al., 1986). The inherent advantages of artificial seeds are the production of many somatic embryos and the use of conventional seedhandling techniques for embryo delivery. The objective is to produce clonal "seeds" at a cost comparable to true seeds. Current vegetative propagation practice is limited to crops that have a high economic value for individual plants, but would have much wider application if the costs were reduced considerably. Research on artificial seeds has increased significantly, as demonstrated by increased attention from several laboratories, (Kim and Janick, 1987; Obendorf and Slawinska, 1986; Slawinska and Obendorf, 1987; Redenbaugh et al., 1988) and by a special symposium at the 22nd International Horticultural Congress held in 1986 (Gray, 1987a). Two types of artificial seeds have been developed, hydrated, and desiccated. Hydrated artificial seeds consist of somatic embryos individually encapsulated in a hydrogel, such as calcium alginate (Fig. 1). Embryos are mixed with sodium alginate and dropped into a calcium salt solution to form calcium alginate capsules (Redenbaugh et al., 1986). The capsules are washed in water and then planted. Conversion frequencies, i.e., percent somatic embryos that form complete plants, of alfalfa artificial seeds were 60% to 90% in vitro (Table 1) and 2% to 10% when planted directly in the greenhouse (Redenbaugh et al., 1987a). Desiccated artificial seeds were produced by coating a mixture of carrot somatic embryos, roots, and callus in polyoxyethylene glycol. The coated mixture was allowed to dry for several hours on a Teflon surface in a sterile hood. The dried mixture was then placed on culture medium in vitro, allowed to rehydrate, and then scored for embryo survival. "Embryo survival" was not defined. Only coated embryos survived desiccation. Further results on plant recovery were not reported (Kitto and Janick, 1985a, 1985b).


Personal information management (PIM) studies how people should organize and use the information they get to solve everyday needs, in order to take full advantage of personal resources (time, money, energy, attention) and thereby increase productivity and improve their quality of life. This paper presents the components and activities where PIM is articulated and describes how to promote the integration of personal information that is generally scattered in different forms, applications and devices.


With an increasing number of Distributed Generation (DG) being connected on the distribution system, a method for simplifying the complexity of the distribution system to an equivalent representation of the feeder is advantageous for streamlining the interconnection study process. The general characteristics of the system can be retained while reducing the modeling effort required. This report presents a method of simplifying feeders to only specified buses-of-interest. These buses-of-interest can be potential PV interconnection locations or buses where engineers want to verify a certain power quality. The equations and methodology are presented with mathematical proofs of the equivalence of the circuit reduction method. An example 15-bus feeder is shown with the parameters and intermediate example reduction steps to simplify the circuit to 4 buses. The reduced feeder is simulated using PowerWorld Simulator to validate that those buses operate with the same characteristics as the original circuit. Validation of the method is also performed for snapshot and time-series simulations with variable load and solar energy output data to validate the equivalent performance of the reduced circuit with the interconnection of PV.


Urbanization has caused problems such as reduction of green land areas and recreation space.Urban green street can improve urban environment and leisure level effectively.The defination of the green street and its' characteristics and functions was made firstly,then the function of green street was divided four parts:transportation,recreation,historical and cultural,ecological effects,and the classification of green street was dicussed.In the end,the advice of management method of urban green street was put forward.


Objective To compare the visual quality outcomes of the standard LASIK and wavefront aberration guided LASIK surgery in high myopia astigmatism patients. Methods Totally 82 patients( 163 eyes) of high myopia astigmatism(≥2.00 D) who received excimer laser surgeries in our hospital between January 2011 and December 2011 were involved in this study. Among these subjects,forty-two patients( 83 eyes) were treated with wavefront aberration guided LSAIK,and forty patients were treated with standard LASIK. The average preoperative astigmatism was-3. 55 ± 1. 09 DC and-3. 47 ± 1. 23 DC respectively. Visual acuity,wavefront corneal topographic map,and visual fatigue were surveyed before and 7 days,1 month,6 months after surgery. Results( 1) Visual acuity was significantly better in patients received wavefront guided LASIK than in patients received standard LASIK at 7 days,1 month and 6 months( P 0. 05). Residual astigmatism was- 0. 35 ± 0. 24 DC,- 0. 42 ± 0. 13 DC,and- 0. 51 ± 0. 19 DC in patients received wavefront aberration guided LASIK at 7 days,1 month and 6 months,respectively. In contrast,residual astigmatism was much higher( P 0. 05) in patients received standard LASIK at the same time points(- 0. 75 ± 0. 28 DC at 7 days,- 0. 92 ± 0. 23 DC at 1 month,and- 1. 21 ± 0. 21 DC at 6 months,respectively).( 3) Higher order aberrations,particularly,spherical and coma aberrations were found to be increased in both groups. Total higher order aberrations( HOAROM),30°clover( Z6),vertical coma( Z7) and level of coma( Z8) aberrations were significantly smaller in wavefront aberration guided LASIK group( P 0. 05). 4. The visual fatigue survey returned better responses in wavefront aberration guided LASIK group. Conclusion Wavefront aberration guided LASIK was relatively superior to standard LASIK in terms of correcting high myopia astigmatism,less residual astigmatism,less higher-order aberrations,better visual acuity,better visual quality,and better patient satisfaction.


The National University of Public Service, operating since 2012, has as its legal and intellectual predecessor the Ludovica Academy, established in 1808 by law VII. This article seeks to summarize the most important moments and elements in the new university's foundation and mission, that is to say the value of a good state, good government, good public service, and also takes into account the system of goal orientation. The university prepares its students for state service. The modern state is a complex and encompassing phenomenon, the workings of which are woven throughout the most varied human relationships. Without its services civilized modern life can hardly be imagined. Among the basic responsibilities of the state are the peace and security ensured by a well organized and capable military force, well ordered communities and lasting public security, the deflection of all dangers threatening the nation, a prompt fire department, the effective handling of any industrial or natural disaster threat, or the incarceration of convicted criminals and their rehabilitation into society. One could also list the fair, effective and legal workings of the authorities, which includes elements such as the fast issuance of a new passport, the fair and exact collection of taxes and other tariffs, or the organization of impartial and precise democratic elections. The providing of public services, in other words public good, and the workings of the state apparatus require continuous and high level organizational work , which needs to be prepared for and which in itself is a vocation.


We present observational evidence that eruptions of quiescent filaments and associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) occur as a consequence of the destabilization of large-scale coronal arcades due to interactions between these structures and new and growing active regions. Both statistical and case studies have been carried out. In a case study of a 'bulge' observed by the High-Altitude Observatory Solar Maximum Mission coronagraph, the high-resolution magnetograms from the Big Bear Solar Observatory show newly emerging and rapidly changing flux in the magnetic fields that apparently underlie the bugle. For other case studies and in the statistical work the eruption of major quiescent filaments was taken as a proxy for CME eruption. We have found that two thirds of the quiescent-filament-associated CMEs occurred after substantial amounts of new magnetic flux emerged in the vicinity of the filament. In addition, in a study of all major quiescent filaments and active regions appearing in a 2-month period we found that 17 of the 22 filaments that were associated with new active regions erupted and 26 of the 31 filaments that were not associated with new flux did not erupt. In all cases in which the new flux was oriented favorably for reconnection with the preexisting large-scale coronal arcades; the filament was observed to erupt. The appearance of the new flux in the form of new active regions begins a few days before the eruption and typically is still occurring at the time of the eruption. A CME initiation scenario taking account of these observational results is proposed.


Anomalies in brain development may lead to neurological disorders and developmental impairment and may even affect the survival in the prenatal period or later in the early stages of life. Prenatal ultrasonography is the most widely used imaging technique for prenatal care. However, it has limitations to detect abnormalities in brain development due to fetal position, gestational age or skull ossification. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been increasingly used in clinic to quantitatively assess brain growth and development during the fetal and neonatal period with millimeter-level image resolution, high soft tissue contrast and volumetric coverage. It becomes an essential and ideal technique in clinical care to evaluate fetuses who have risks of developmental abnormalities but not apparently shown on prenatal sonogram.


This paper proposes an improved Directional Transmission and Reception Algorithm(DTRA) named SDTRA protocol based on slot schedule.In the process of neighbor discovery stage,the protocol decreases the collision through sending time random delay.In the process of slot schedule stage,it adopts greedy edge coloring algorithm to control the time the node can use.The protocol can assure the QoS support through synchronous slot schedule algorithm.Simulation results show that the improved DTRA protocol is much better than DTRA protocol in neighbor discovery,time utility and throughput.


In this letter, we present magnetostatic modeling results that show significant magnetic field concentration tunability through geometric modification of high-mu magnetostatic Metglas layers of laminate magnetoelectric (ME) sensors. Based on the modeling results, composite ME sensors were fabricated with longer Metglas foils and found to exhibit notably higher ME voltage coefficients at smaller DC magnetic biases in response to a 1 kHz driving signal. Such ME sensors have been used to detect DC magnetic field changes as small as 6 nT at 1 kHz, while maintaining a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 10. This represents an enhancement of ∼250% relative to values previously reported for Metglas/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 laminates.


The thesis deals with the subject of the understanding the Vietnamese community. The relevance of the topic is signified by the large number of Vietnamese population in the Czech Republic. With the increasing trend of migration the probability of Vietnamese patients being admitted in hospitals raises significantly. It is therefore important to understand the cultural and religious specifics of this ethnicity in order to facilitate mutual communication. Only through this understanding it is possible to offer appropriate multicultural care that is necessary for satisfying the individual needs of patients. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the cultural and language aspects of Vietnamese ethnicity and Vietnamese life in the Czech Republic. In practical part the thesis examines the experience of Vietnamese patients and their opinion regarding the care they received in hospitals in the Czech Republic.


Commonality strategies assemble different products from at least one common component and one other product-specific component. The distinguishing feature of commonality, i.e., the presence of dedicated components to be assembled with a common component, is shown to be mathematically inconsequential in the sense that the unified commonality problem for two products can be reduced to an equivalent substitution flexibility problem without those dedicated components. This significant simplification provides the first general, closed-form condition for commonality adoption and identifies its value drivers. Commonality is optimal even for perfectly correlated demands if products have sufficiently different margins. This introduces the "revenue-maximization option" of commonality as a second benefit that is independent of the traditional risk-pooling benefit. "Pure commonality" strategies are never optimal unless complexity costs are introduced. Dual sourcing, externalities, and operational hedging features of commonality are discussed.


According to the rapid increment of construction activity, the
counterplan for the exhaustion of natural aggregate is urgently
required. So, This study is aimed to analyze the applicability
of VE (value engineering) technique for substitute aggregate as
the crushed stone in concrete. Results of analys is, the value
factor with using crushed stone as coarse aggregate is high, but
using fine aggregate is low at this time.


Intermittent and sustained hypoxia are important clinical problems that occur frequently in the newborn period. Effects of hypoxia on pulmonary epithelial cell turnover and function are not well described. We tested the hypothesis that hypoxia decreases pulmonary epithelial cell growth and surfactant protein expression. We examined the cellular effects of various O2 concentrations (21%, 7%, 3%, and 1%) and durations(2-24h) using the human pulmonary epithelial cell line, NCI-H441. This line retains certain phenotypic features of pulmonary type II and clara cells. Cell death was assessed by trypan blue uptake and a LDH release assay. Cell proliferation was assessed by a colorimetric tetrazolium dye assay. Expression of surfactant proteins A & B (SP-A, SP-B) and the housekeeping gene GAPDH was assessed by northern blot hybridization with [^(32)P]-labeled antisense cRNA probes. We found that exposure to 7%, 3%, and 1% O2 for 8h increased cell death by, respectively, 9%, 14%, and 18% after 8h and by 14%, 20%, and 34%; after 24h (each point p<0.05 compared to normoxic controls, n=4). Exposure to graded hypoxia decreased cell proliferation by 22%, 35%, and 38% after 8h and by 12%, 17%, and 29% after 24h (each point p<0.05, n=3). Exposure to graded hypoxia was also associated with decreases in steady-state SP-B mRNA levels (normalized to the corresponding GAPDH signal intensities and to 28s rRNA ethidium bromide fluorescence). SP-B expression was decreased 4.5-fold (3% O2) and 8.6 -fold (1% O2) after 8h and was decreased 6.9-fold after 24h exposure to both 3% and 1% O2. In contrast, under these experimental conditions, hypoxia had no significant effect on SP-A expression. These findings indicate that hypoxia can modulate pulmonary epithelial cell growth and lung-specific gene expression. The molecular mechanism(s) and signal transduction pathways involved in hypoxia-mediated pulmonary epithelial cell turnover and differential gene expression remain to be determined. We speculate that some of these changes may be mediated through hypoxia-induced apoptosis and alterations in oxygen-regulated intracellular effector mollecules.


Objective To investigate the clinical signifcance of time domain analysis of heart rate variability in cardioneurosis on children.Methods Time domain indexes of heart rate variability was comparatively analyzed between 25 cases in cardioneurosis and 23 healthy children.Results 24 h rMSSD of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,there were no difference(P0.05);SDNN Index、PNN50 in observation group were lower that in control group and SDNN was higher than the other group,there were no significant difference between two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Activity of vagus nerve in children with cardioneurosis is decreased.


ABSTRACT An intriguing paradox emerges in the history of disposal of the dead in Europe: the countries (Italy, Germany, England, and Scotland) where, in the last quarter of the 19th century, cremation was introduced first, were the last ones to see the diffusion of cremation as a mass phenomenon. The contrary was true where—for instance, in Switzerland and in Denmark—the start of cremation was initially delayed. Here the growth was very fast. To explain this puzzling enigma, I propose to abandon the usual nation-level approach and take cities as appropriate units of analysis. So, a database on presence or absence of crematoria and on trends in "annual cremation by death ratios" in the European cities with more than 5,000 inhabitants before 1939 was completed for an analysis of patterns of the early emergence of cremation and change of cremation rate at a local level.


Session I: Quality Aspects.- The Occurrence, Causes and Economic Consequences of Dark-Cutting in Beef - A Survey of Current Information.- Discussion.- Beef Quality, Marketing and the Consumer.- Discussion.- Session II: Muscle Metabolism and Animal Physiology.- Muscle Metabolic Type and the DFD Condition.- Discussion.- Control Mechanisms for the Enzymes of Glycogen Metabolism in Muscle.- Discussion.- Characteristics of the Metabolism of Carbohydrate in Ruminants Compared with other Mammals.- Discussion.- Session III: Animal Behaviour and the Environment.- Environmental and Behavioural Influences on the Supply of Energy for Muscle during Life and Consequences Post Mortem.- Behaviour of Domestic Cattle under Modern Management Techniques.- Discussion.- Animal Welfare in Relation to Transport, Lairage and Slaughter in Cattle (A Review).- Discussion.- Session IV: Genetic Influences on Meat Quality.- Hereditary Aspects of Susceptibility to Stress in Meat Animals.- Discussion.- Double-Muscling and Sensitivity to Stress.- Discussion.- Session V: Identification and Prevention of Dark-Cutting.- Preventive Treatments during the Pre-Slaughter Period.- Discussion.- Early Identification of the DFD Condition in Pre-Rigor Beef Carcasses.- Discussion.- Electrical Stimulation of Ante Mortem Stressed Beef.- Discussion.- Animal Stress and its Effect on Rigor Mortis Development in Labs.- Discussion.- Identification and Minimisation of DFD in Young Bulls in Denmark.- Discussion.- Session VI: Microbiological, Technological and Organoleptic Properties.- Microbiology of DFD Beef.- Discussion.- Translucency and Colour Defects of Dark-Cutting Meat and their Detection.- Discussion.- Eating Quality of DFD Beef.- Discussion.- Practical Aspects of the Use of Dark Firm Dry (DFD) Meat.- Discussion.- Poster Presentations.- Influence of Holding Animals before Slaughtering.- Post Mortem Muscle Biochemistry and Beef Quality.- Influence of Temperature, Fasting and Transportation.- Effects of Transportation and Pre-Slaughter Holding on Some Blood Parameters and on Meat Quality in Fattening Bulls.- Development of Special Feeds for Young Bulls Kept in Overnight Lairages.- Selective Glycogen Depletion and Recovery in Skeletal Muscles Fibre Types of Young Bulls Subjected to a Behavioural Stress.- The Breakdown of Muscle Glycogen during Behavioural Stress in Normal and Beta-Adrenoreceptor Blocked Young Bulls.- Factors Influencing Muscle Glycogen Synthesis after Adrenaline Induced Depletion in Beef Heifers.- Some Odours Produced by Bacteria on High pH and Normal Beef.- The Incidence of Dark-Cutting Beef in Young Bulls in Finland.- The Use of Freeze-Drying in Investigations on the Microbiology of Vacuum-Packed DFD Beef.- Poster Discussion.- Summary.- Summary.- List of Participants.


This study aims to analyze the spatial factors affecting public transportation use in Seoul Korea. As a result of spatial autocorrelation analysis, hot-spot zones of transit modal share are located in near Jung-gu, Jongro-gu, cold-spot zones are located in suburban areas of Seoul. And as a result of spatial regression analysis, entropy index, the number of subway entrance, university students and transit areas of influence are chosen as positive effect variables. This shows importance of developing transit areas and expanding infra-structure near station by means of governmental efforts. And it is needed that public transportation use demands will be encouraged as expanding new transit lines or offering a good service. Also, variables concerning self-sufficient * 홍익대학교 도시계획과 박사과정(Ph. D. Candidate, Dept. of Urban Planning, Graduate School, Hongik Univ., Korea) ** 홍익대학교 도시계획과 석사과정(M. S. Candidate, Dept. of Urban Planning, Graduate School, Hongik Univ., Korea) *** 홍익대학교 도시공학과 조교수(Prof., Dept. of Urban Design & Planning, Hongik Univ., Korea), 교신저자(E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, Tel: 02-320-3068) 98 서울도시연구 제13권 제4호 2012. 12 city show that cities of low self-sufficiency is more transit-friendly than cities of high self-sufficiency. Finally, land-use mix is important for making cities focused on public transportation use. In order to make these cities, government has to consider its political and institutional concerns about land-use mix.


A stoichiometry‐based model for the fed‐batch culture of the recombinant bacterium Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051a, producing extracellular α‐amylase as a desirable product and proteases as undesirable products, was developed and verified. The model was then used for optimizing the feeding schedule in fed‐batch culture. To handle higher‐order model equations (14 state variables), an optimization methodology for the dual‐enzyme system is proposed by integrating Pontryagin's optimum principle with fermentation measurements. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedures were appropriate for model parameter and decision variable estimation by using a priori parameter distributions reflecting the experimental results. Using a simplified Metropolis‐Hastings algorithm, the specific productivity of α‐amylase was maximized and the optimum path was confirmed by experimentation. The optimization process predicted a further 14% improvement of α‐amylase productivity that could not be realized because of the onset of sporulation. Among the decision variables, the switching time from batch to fed‐batch operation (ts) was the most sensitive decision variable. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


AbstractIn modern architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) practices, the Iron Triangle of schedule, cost, and quality remains the key measurement to gauge project success. Existing tools ...


The Spontaneously Hypertensive rat (SHR), the most widely accepted rodent-model of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), usually is compared with its normotensive control, the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat, seeking differences in impulsivity between strains. The utilization of the WKY as a control strain for the SHR, however, has been questioned. Dopamine deficits in nucleus accumbens may cause low tolerance to delayed consequences in the SHR. Locomotion and dopamine activities in the Lewis (LEW) rat are comparable to those in the SHR, suggesting that both strains will develop similar levels of impulsivity. This possibility was examined with SHRs and LEWs responding to concurrentchains procedures. Choice was measured in the initial link where two random interval schedules operating concurrently on two levers arranged entries to two terminal links, one delivering 1-food pellet immediately and the other 4-food pellets with several delays randomly presented during the session. Both strains learned to choose impulsively with training, but the SHRs developed faster changes in preference and more impulsive choices than the LEWs. The Hyperbolic-decay Model and the Generalized Matching Law described choice well. Positive correlations between estimates of discounting rate and sensitivity to the immediacy of reinforcement confirmed some consistencies between these models of choice.


The principle objective of this project is to analyse and design a multi-storied building [g + 10 (3 dimensional frame)] using staad-pro for different cases like normal building seismic resist building and steel frame building. The design involves load calculations and analysing the whole structure by staad.pro. Staad.pro features a state-of-the-art user interface, analysis and design to visualization and result verification, staad.pro is the professional's choice. Initially we started with the analysis of simple 2 dimensional frames and manually checked the accuracy of the software with our results. The results proved to be very accurate.


ABSTRACT This article locates the moment in Chinese history when ethnicity became a subject of scientific concern and an object of social engineering. Specifically, it examines how Han Chinese academicians during the Nanjing decade (1927–37) argued for the necessity of social engineering by appealing to race science. Focusing on a debate between the eugenicist Pan Guangdan and the anthropologist Wu Zelin, it argues that the Nanjing decade witnessed a key moment of ideological convergence in the physical and social sciences. Academicians concerned with national and racial salvation believed in awakening the Chinese population's racial consciousness, which could only be achieved through rigorous social engineering. To justify the state's homogenizing claims over ethnic minorities, they appealed to the doctrine of racial homogeneity, capitalized on the increasing cultural authority of scientific empiricism to recruit political allies to their cause, and endeavored to embed the 'fact' of 'race' from specialized disciplines to political institutions.


The paper investigates the current situation of the practical teaching system in Zhejiang For- estry University and analyzes the function,significance and some problems of the practical teaching meth- ods in the talent development of students.The teaching method is based on the basic and professional tal- ent development system,comprehensive technique application talent development system and the creative talent development system.It puts forward some ideas about how to build further united optimization, open practical teaching system,and strengthen the construction and plan of practical base outside the campus,and enhance the degree of opening and unify the practical teaching resources.


Objectives: To investigate the effect of small intestinal disease (SID) on the absorption of zidovudine (ZDV) in patients with AIDS. Methods: Fourteen fasted homosexual men with AIDS received a single oral dose of ZDV (5 mg/kg). Nine subjects had clinical evidence of intestinal disease (chronic diarrhoea with wasting) confirmed by reduced fat absorption measured indirectly using the 14C‐triolein test. Five subjects had AIDS‐related symptoms other than those affecting the gastrointestinal tract with normal fat absorption. Sequential measurements of plasma ZDV including its glucuronide metabolite (GZDV) were obtained using radioimmunoassay and ZDV/GZDV concentrations‐time profiles of both groups of subjects were compared. Comparisons were also made for each of the following computed variables: the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax (Tmax), area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (AUC0–6 h), the elimination half‐life (t1/2), and apparent oral clearance (CL0). Results: In patients with SID, Cmax ZDV was reduced (6.39 ± 3.39 versus 11.51 ± 5.01 &mgr;mol/l; P < 0.05) and Tmax ZDV prolonged (0.81 ± 0.51 versus 0.40 ± 0.14 h; P < 0.05) but AUC0–6 h ZDV was no different from the non‐SID group (8.03 ± 2.73 versus 14.56 ± 9.0 &mgr;mol/l‐1 xh; P = 0.06). There were no differences in t1/2 ZDV (1.22 ± 0.20 versus 1.13 ± 0.30 h) or CL0 ZDV (3017 ± 1158 versus 1700 ± 889 ml/min; P > 0.05) between SID and non‐SID groups, respectively, and GZDV values were comparable between the two groups. Conclusion: These data suggest delayed absorption rather than altered metabolism of ZDV in AIDS‐related SID and raise the possibility of drug malabsorption. The clinical efficacy of orally administered low‐dose ZDV regimens may require further evaluation in patients with chronic diarrhoea and AIDS.


Objective:to comprehend the correlationship between sleep quality and mental health of female seniors in medical colleges.Methods:249 female graduate students were evaluated and analyzed with Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Results:27.71% of respondents have sleeping problems which were mainly daytime dysfunction(34.8%),sleep shortage(27.6%),sleep latency(13.9%) and subjective poor sleep quality(12.1%).Mental health remarkably differs in those who have different sleep qualities.(P0.001).The better the sleep quality is,the better the mental health is(P0.05).Corresponding analysis shows that the scores of PSQI have positive correlation with the general symptomatic index of SCL-90(r=0.475);by the regression analysis,the obsession and anxiety are major psychological factors contributing to the poor sleep quality.These two factor can also account for 26.5% of the PSQI overall score variation.Conclusion:Sleep quality of female seniors in medical colleges might be related with their mental health status quo.


The utility model discloses a count body-building spring shoes, being the clamping part of the inflatable elasticity spheroid of semicircular and being used for installing the rigidity running-board of clamping part including one, the surface of characterized by rigidity running-board sets up the display screen, and inductor, total accuse and power are connected to the display screen, and the rigidity running-board sets up the curve shell fragment to the ground end, said curve shell fragment upper end is collectd in the clamping part round centre of a circle in bottom surface, and the lower extreme of curve shell fragment collects in the dot on the level and smooth chassis of rigidity, the inductor sets up not holding to ground in level and smooth chassis, the both sides of said clamping part set up the foot and hold the chamber, and the foot holds the chamber rear portion and sets up the shank layer board. Elasticity is sufficient, and the weight great adult also can use, the intelligence count, and the modern design, simple manufacture, the safety of jumping is placed stably.


Bell's Palsy is a form of state that occurs during the occurrence of falaration that occurs under pressure that occurs and is no longer (idiopathic) in the absence of other neurological abnormalities. To know the benefits of Electrical Stimulation and Mirror Exercises on the Bell's Palsy case. After therapy 6 times using electrical stimulation and exercise mirror. Increase T6: 0, to T6: 3, M. Corugator supercili T0: 0 to T6: 1, M. Procerus T0: 0 to T6: 1, M.Orbicularis Oculi T0: 1 to T6: 3, M. Nasalis T0 : 0 becomes T6: 3, M. Depressor anguli oris T0: 0 becomes T6: 3, M.Zygomatikus Major & minor T0: 0 becomes T6: 5, M. Orbicularis Oris T0: 0 becomes T6: 3, M. Bucinator T0 : 0 becomes T6: 3, M. Mentalist T0: 1 becomes T6: 5, M. Risorius T0: 0 becomes T6: 3. Giving modalities Electric Stimulation and Mirror Exercises can increase strength, and increase facial activity.


The surface acoustic impedance of a glass wool and a reticulated foam is measured in a free field up to 20 000 Hz. The characteristic dimensions Λ and Λ' can be calculated for the glass wool, and the surface impedance can be predicted with no adjustable parameters. The motion of the frame is not taken into account. The agreement between measurement and prediction is good. For the foam, the characteristic dimensions cannot be calculated, because the geometry of the frame is not simple. A correct choice of Λ and Λ' allows a precise prediction of the surface impedance for a large range of frequencies and different thicknesses.


After separating the fungus between the roots of dysosma veitchii and inside the fruits of the plant growing in Songming county, Yunnan province, the experiences show that there are 29 fungus plants; as well as 29 plants of fungus btween the roots belonging to 6 families and 9 genus seperately. The paper probs into the origin of the fungus which grow inside the plants and does some inside the plants and does some comparing researches on the two kinds of the fungus.


The article discusses the possibility of using a frequency converter for mechanisms that require several speeds of rotation, both fixed and with the possibility of smooth change. A developed frequency converter with vector-algorithmic control is proposed and the result of mathematical modeling of the proposed frequency converter in comparison with a direct-acting motor in the MATLAB Simulink environment is presented. This frequency inverter adopts a simple control system that can be executed in various ways to adjust the rotational speed of a three-phase induction motor. In addition, a physical model of a frequency converter with vector-algorithmic control was developed and assembled, and a comparison of the physical and mathematical models was made.


This paper introduce the model, structure, the key technology, the functions of the Internet-based intelligence time-delayed networked control systems. It also describes an experiment of Internet-based time-delayed networked control systems.


Abstract. P-wave refraction seismics is a key method in permafrost research but its applicability to low-porosity rocks, which constitute alpine rock walls, has been denied in prior studies. These studies explain p-wave velocity changes in freezing rocks exclusively due to changing velocities of pore infill, i.e. water, air and ice. In existing models, no significant velocity increase is expected for low-porosity bedrock. We postulate, that mixing laws apply for high-porosity rocks, but freezing in confined space in low-porosity bedrock also alters physical rock matrix properties. In the laboratory, we measured p-wave velocities of 22 decimetre-large low-porosity ( 100 micro-fissures) from 25 °C to −15 °C in 0.3 °C increments close to the freezing point. When freezing, p-wave velocity increases by 11–166% perpendicular to cleavage/bedding and equivalent to a matrix velocity increase from 11–200% coincident to an anisotropy decrease in most samples. The expansion of rigid bedrock upon freezing is restricted and ice pressure will increase matrix velocity and decrease anisotropy while changing velocities of the pore infill are insignificant. Here, we present a modified Timur's two-phase-equation implementing changes in matrix velocity dependent on lithology and demonstrate the general applicability of refraction seismics to differentiate frozen and unfrozen low-porosity bedrock.


Nowadays there are more obvious psychological problems among the college graduates,but the scale and speed of counseling training is far from to meet the needs of the current situation.And the university of counselors has its unique advantages in the management of university students,therefore,it is necessary to fully exploit the potential tutors through a variety of ways to solve psychological problems to improve their capacity to participate in psychological counseling and education of university students work and play tremendous energy,for the healthy growth of students as well as harmonious and stable social development.


In this study,the bone-cement with high porosity is strengthened by carbon fibers as reinforce materials.The crystalline composition of carbon fibers' surface and microstructure of the porous bone-cement were investigated by FTIR,SEM and EDS respectively.The results indicate that Nitric acid oxidation not only enhances the infiltration and the activity of carbon fibers' surface,but also improves the interfacial bonding property,which improve the combination of interface between porous bone-cement and carbon fibers.


Barnardo's Scotland is a national voluntary organisation providing over 60 services throughout Scotland, working in partnership with almost all local authorities. We provide a range of services to nearly 10,000 children and families across Scotland. Every Barnardo's project is different but each believes in the potential in every child and young person, no matter who they are, what they have done or what they have been through.


Abstract : Local heat-transfer coefficients were studied in detail in the central baffle space between two segmental baffles in a tubular heat exchanger. Two baffle spacings and three flow rates were investigated. baffle spacings and three flow rates were investigated. Average overall Nusselt numbers determined from the measured local coefficients compare favorably with average Nusselt numbers measured by other workers. The data are presented in picture form which enabled the drawing up of a schematic diagram, of the flow pattern in the baffle space. The results indicate the presence of three flow zones between two baffles. The longitudinal-flow zone occurs in the baffle windows. The cross-flow zone and eddy-flow zone occur on the downstream and upstream sides of the baffle space respectively. Heat transfer rates were in general higher in the eddy-flow zone. The heat transfer rate varies along individual tubes from a maximum at the baffle to a minimum midway between the baffle. The minimum value is one-fourth to one-half the value at the baffle.


The complexity and the number of components in production of industrial automation systems have been increasing. Data processing from these components to improve the normality and reduce heteroscedasticity to a minimum plays a significant part in transforming the digital industrial plant to an intelligent smart plant. A systematic, flexible and an intelligent architectural design of these distributed autonomous heterogeneous systems results in the optimization of capital Investment and operational expense paving the way to smart factory. In a Smart Factory, machinery and equipment will have the ability to improve processes through self-optimization and autonomous decision-making resulting in improvements in maintenance, refurbishment, security, remote diagnosis, real-time control, self-organized, autonomous management, transparency, predictability, effectiveness and efficiency. In this paper, we present Danieli innovative smart approach for an intelligent plant to optimize the resources and minimize the capital expenditure using our seamless integrated interface architecture across the vertical and horizontal levels of production in the domain of metals manufacturing. A mobile, web-based, cross-platform and responsive application for the real-time monitoring of all plant areas supporting the cloud based architecture ensures not only the visibility of the complete plant but also can access, search, control, configure, analyze complete lifecycle of a plant which enhances quality of the productivity and minimizes the capital expenditure.


In the stock exchange, stock prices prediction is an important issue for traders in the capital market to assist make decisions in the transaction. One method that has artificial intelligence techniques can be applied for forecasting or prediction is fuzzy method . The approach used in forecasting stock price research is fuzzy Mamdani. With the toolbox of Matlab, the process of forecasting with fuzzy Mamdani can be easier. The expectation of using fuzzy Mamdani models is to improve forecasting accuracy results in response to uncertainty. Afterwards this model can predict the stock prices one day within a certain time period in order to obtain the best prediction results. Forecasting results using fuzzy on the Forbes five best companies in 2012 resulted has Mean Absolute Percentage Error is less than 10 % for a span of one week and one month, and less than 20% for the span of one year and three years.


Energy consumption is the biggest issue in wireless sensor network and mobile devices. In this proposed model, available radio signals in the region are converted to DC supply and stored in a battery. This power RF harvesting conversion is done by P2110. From the stored energy, controllers which operate at 5V can be powered. Microcontroller measures environmental parameter and transmits it to the co-ordinator. So that without additional batteries or any power source devices on 5V range can be operated.


The computed attenuation afforded by an infinitely long barrier wall between a point source and a distant receiver has been extended to a source of finite size by considering it as a rectangular array of small equal closely spaced incoherent sub‐sources. While one axis of the array is assumed to be vertical, it may have any angular orientation relative to the receiver and to the axis of the wall. If the source and wall are parallel, the high‐frequency attenuation drops by 3 Db when the source‐to‐barrier spacing is doubled, and varies as 10 log (1 − h/H), where h is the source height and H is the height of the barrier.


How are major state revenue sources affected by the business cycle? Could changing the mix of taxes mitigate the severity of cyclical budget problems? This paper examines issues in estimating and interpreting the short-run elasticity of taxes with respect to personal income. Recent literature implies that, on average, state personal income taxes and sales taxes have very similar short-run elasticities, suggesting that changing the tax mix would have little overall impact on revenue variability. However, cross-state variations around those averages are considerable and specification matters, suggesting that there are no easy or general answers to the framing questions.


The human prostacyclin receptor (hIP) undergoes agonist-induced internalization and subsequent recyclization in slowly recycling endosomes involving its direct physical interaction with Rab11a. Moreover, interaction with Rab11a localizes to a 22-residue putative Rab11 binding domain (RBD) within the carboxyl-terminal tail of the hIP, proximal to the transmembrane 7 (TM7) domain. Because the proposed RBD contains Cys308 and Cys311, in addition to Cys309, that are known to undergo palmitoylation, we sought to identify the structure/function determinants of the RBD, including the influence of palmitoylation, on agonist-induced trafficking of the hIP. Through complementary approaches in yeast and mammalian cells along with computational structural studies, the RBD was localized to a 14-residue domain, between Val299 and Leu312, and proposed to be organized into an eighth α-helical domain (α-helix 8), comprising Val299–Val307, adjacent to the palmitoylated residues at Cys308–Cys311. From mutational and [3H]palmitate metabolic labeling studies, it is proposed that palmitoylation at Cys311 in addition to agonist-regulated deacylation at Cys309 > Cys308 may dynamically position α-helix 8 in proximity to Rab11a, to regulate agonist-induced intracellular trafficking of the hIP. Moreover, Ala-scanning mutagenesis identified several hydrophobic residues within α-helix 8 as necessary for the interaction with Rab11a. Given the diverse membership of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, of which many members are also predicted to contain an α-helical 8 domain proximal to TM7 and, often, adjacent to palmitoylable cysteine(s), the identification of a functional role for α-helix 8, as exemplified as an RBD for the hIP, is likely to have broader significance for certain members of the superfamily.


Tracking and positioning hand-held investigation equipment comprises a shell, a display screen and a keyboard, wherein the display screen and the keyboard are arranged on the shell; an information processing circuit board is arranged in the shell; the information processing circuit board is electrically connected with the display screen and the keyboard; the information processing circuit board at least comprises a controller, a communication module, a storage, an editing processor which is used for displaying a questionnaire and editing the questionnaire, a statistic processor which is used for performing statistic treatment on investigation information, an evaluating processor which is used for evaluating the investigation information, a GPS/GPRS (global positioning system/general packet radio service) module which is used for connecting a communication satellite and a wireless communication network, and a signature processor which is used for inputting a hand-written signature of an interviewee; and the communication module, the storage, the editing processor, the statistic processor, the evaluating processor, the GPS/GPRS module and the signature processor are all connected with the controller. The equipment improves the working efficiency, has a simple structure, is convenient to carry and can effectively supervise an investigator, and thus the truth and the accuracy rate of the investigation are improved.


The 12 GeV electron beam energy at Jefferson Laboratory ( p s' 4:8 GeV ) provides ideal electroproduction kinematics for many novel tests of QCD in both the perturbative and nonperturbative domains. These include tests of the quark flavor dependence of the nuclear structure functions; measurements of the QCD running coupling at soft scales; measurements of the diffractive deep inelastic structure function; measurements of exclusive contributions to the T odd Sivers function; the identification of "odderon" contributions; tests of the spectroscopic and dynamic features of light-front holography as well as "meson-nucleon supersymmetry"; the production of open and hidden charm states in the heavy-quark threshold domain; and the production of exotic hadronic states such as pentaquarks, tetraquarks and even octoquarks containing charm quarks. One can also study fundamental features of QCD at JLab12 such as the "hidden color" of nuclear wavefunctions, the "color transparency" of hard exclusive processes, and the "intrinsic strangeness and charm" content of the proton wavefunction. In addition, current on-going experimental searches for "dark photons" at JLab can also be used to produce and detect a long-sought exotic atom of QED: "true muonium" [m + m ]: I will also discuss evidence that the antishadowing of nuclear structure functions is non-universal; i.e., flavor dependent. I will also present arguments why shadowing and antishadowing phenomena may be incompatible with the momentum and other sum rules for the nuclear parton distribution functions. I will also briefly review new insights into the hadron mass scale, the hadron mass spectrum, the functional form of the QCD coupling in the nonperturbative domain predicted by light-front holography, and how superconformal algebra leads to remarkable supersymmetric relations between mesons and baryons.