Abstract Background Docetaxel (Doc) was initially licenced for CRPC (TAX327) but more recently trials showed Doc at HSPC diagnosis improved survival, shifting patterns of use. Higher neutropenic toxicity rates were reported in the HSPC trials, but it is unclear if this was due to the Doc timing or differences in case-mix. We compared sepsis rates for Doc at HSPC and CRPC using routine NHS data for men randomised in STAMPEDE in England. Methods STAMPEDE patient data were linked to routine NHS data (Hospital Episode Statistics: HES; Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy: SACT). Patient note review (ref) linked to NHS data assessed admission rates by HSPC & CRPC Doc at 1 site (N = 44) and were used to develop and validate algorithms for detecting sepsis events across the entire data set. Algorithms were restricted to sepsis-only & sepsis + neutropenia (S+N) (N = 3645). Missing HES CRPC Doc regimens were imputed with HES (N = 3645) or enhanced with SACT (N = 1573). Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for risk of sepsis (OR  Results Sepsis rates varied by method; for most, rates at CRPC were higher than in TAX327 but similar to or higher than reported STAMPEDE HSPC data. Table . 862P HSPC Sepsis/Pts CRPC Sepsis/Pts % diff OR, 95% CI N % N % Ref 2/15 13 6/22 27 -14 0.4 (0.1 - 2.1) HES Sepsis 69/834 8 114/1183 10 -2 0.9 (0.6 - 1.2) S+N 134/834 16 148/1183 13 3 1.3 (1.0 - 1.6) Imputed 134/834 16 489/1351 36 -20 0.4 (0.4 - 0.6) + SACT 41/200 21 60/297 20 1 1.0 (0.7 - 1.6) Conclusions This analysis does not support the hypothesis that HSPC Doc has a higher sepsis risk than Doc use in CRPC. Sepsis rates found using routine data were higher than in the TAX327 trial but similar to reported "real world" CRPC data. Rates varied by data-identification method used; for most, CRPC sepsis rates were higher or similar to HSPC rates & overall a little higher than the reported STAMPEDE HSPC rate. These data suggest CRPC Doc has a similar or higher sepsis rate than use in HSPC & this should be factored into discussions for men with newly-diagnosed metastatic HSPC and supports Doc use in this setting. Legal entity responsible for the study The STAMPEDE Trial Group. Funding University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School (HM PhD studentship). Disclosure M.K.B. Parmar: Research grant / Funding (institution): Astellas Pharma; Research grant / Funding (institution): Clovis oncology; Research grant / Funding (institution): Novartis; Research grant / Funding (institution): Pfizer; Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Research grant / Funding (institution), The Unit I am Director of also receives educational grants and other non- financial support from a large number of different companies: Other. P. Patel: Advisory / Consultancy: Roche/Genentech. M.R. Sydes: Honoraria (self): Lilly; Honoraria (self), Research grant / Funding (self): Sanofi; Honoraria (self): Janssen; Research grant / Funding (self): Astellas Pharma; Research grant / Funding (self): Janssen-Cilag; Research grant / Funding (self): Pfizer; Research grant / Funding (self): Novartis; Research grant / Funding (self): Clovis Oncology. N.D. James: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Sanofi; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Bayer; Advisory / Consultancy: Merck; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution): Astellas Pharma; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution): Janssen; Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: Pierre Fabre; Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: Ferring; Honoraria (self): Oncogenex; Research grant / Funding (institution): Pfizer; Research grant / Funding (institution): Novartis. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


The paper claims that Chinese grammar research shoul d be based on data and evidence, should relate closely to the theories that are a ble to explain the data of Chinese, and should lay emphasis on the openness and expansion of the theories.


A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Zn(pzdc)(mbix)]n·nH2O (H2pzdc = pyrazine-2,3dicarboxylic acid, mbix = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-benzene) 1 has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG, fluorescence spectrum and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Yellow crystals crystallize in monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 8.5519(6), b = 14.8764(10), c = 16.4108(11) A, β = 103.4520(10)o, V = 2030.5(2) A, C20H18N6O5Zn, Mr = 487.77, Dc = 1.596 g/cm, F(000) = 1000, Z = 4, μ(MoKα) = 1.257 mm, the final R = 0.0260 and wR = 0.0706 for 3445 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). The structure of 1 exhibits a one-dimensional chain-like structure. In addition, natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was performed by the PBE0/LANL2DZ method in Gaussian 03 Program. The calculation results show obvious covalent interaction between the coordinated atoms and Zn(II) ion.


5579 Background: Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) constitutes the reference treatment for platinum-resistant (PR) ovarian cancer (OC). The combination of gemcitabine (G) + PLD seems to have additive activity in OC; however, it also has additive haematological toxicity, precluding administration of optimal dose of both drugs. Fixed dose-rate infusion (FDRI) of G improves haematological tolerance. Methods: We present data of a phase I trial using the combination of these two drugs, including G in this FDRI to ascertain whether we can enhance the therapeutic index of this combination. Inclusion criteria were: recurrent OC with a platinum-free interval 60 and with normal organ function. The starting dose of G was 1500 mg/m2, 10 mg/m2 minute, q 2 weeks (± 250 mg G titration depending on toxicity) followed by PLD 35 mg/m2 q 4 weeks. Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed on days 1 and 15 of the first cycle. Results: From Dece...


The utility model relates to a wireless hand -held type rice seed soaking and accelerating germination temperature monitoring alarm device, this kind of wireless hand -held type rice seed soaking and accelerating germination temperature monitoring alarm device include temperature measuring circuit, singlechip, wi -Fi emission module, hand -held type receiving terminal, temperature alarm, and temperature measuring circuit connects the singlechip, and wi -Fi emission module is connected to the singlechip, and temperature alarm is still connected to the singlechip, temperature measuring circuit's sensor settings is in seed case, setting up temperature data collection monitored control system and wi -Fi receiving module in the hand -held type receiving terminal, installing touch -sensitive screen, operating panel on hand -held type receiving terminal's the shell, operating panel is located the touch -sensitive screen below, the last button that is provided with of operating panel. The utility model discloses can receive and monitor and show the temperature in different places in real time, not receive the restriction in fixed place, can improve the flexibility and the work efficiency of work.


The utility model discloses a hydraulic excavator flow out of a valve regenerating device and belongs to the field of hydraulic control systems. The hydraulic excavator flow out of the valve regenerating device comprises an oil circuit which provides regenerated flow, an oil circuit which needs the regenerated flow, a flow regenerating valve and a single-direction valve set. The flow regenerating valve comprises a two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve and a single-direction valve. The single-direction valve set comprises a single valve I and a single valve II wherein, the single valve I and the single valve II are used to set different pressure. The hydraulic excavator flow out of the valve regenerating device achieves that regenerating flow which is out of a main control valve of the hydraulic excavator can be controlled, avoids air suction, crawling and the like due to insufficient supply of flow of an oil supplying side of an oil cylinder, improves working efficiency of an excavator and motion coordination of the excavator and at the same time, reduces emission volume and boundary dimension of a pump. Thus, cost of the pump is reduced as well as assembly is facilitated.


The conversion of industrial by‐products into high‐value added compounds is a challenging issue. Crude glycerol, a by‐product of the biodiesel production chain, could represent an alternative carbon source for the cultivation of oleaginous yeasts. Here, we developed five minimal synthetic glycerol‐based media, with different C/N ratios, and we analyzed the production of biomass and fatty acids by Yarrowia lipolytica Po1g strain. We identified two media at the expense of which Y. lipolytica was able to accumulate ∼5 g L−1 of biomass and 0.8 g L−1 of fatty acids (0.16 g of fatty acids per g of dry weight). These optimized media contained 0.5 g L−1 of urea or ammonium sulfate and 20 g L−1 of glycerol, and were devoid of yeast extract. Moreover, Y. lipolytica was engineered by inserting the FatB2 gene, coding for the CpFatB2 thioesterase from Cuphea palustris, in order to modify the fatty acid composition towards the accumulation of medium‐chain fatty acids. Contrary to the expected, the expression of the heterologous gene increased the production of oleic acid, and concomitantly decreased the level of saturated fatty acids. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:26–35, 2016


A new damping model on the resistive wall mode (RWM) instability is studied, via the turbulence induced plasma viscosity (in short, turbulent viscosity). In a cylindrical plasma, the synergistic effect on suppressing the RWM is investigated between this new damping mechanism and the plasma flow. An eigenmode formulation is derived based on magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) theory, where the momentum equation is extended by including the turbulent viscosity term with a proportionality coefficient χ. Numerical results show that, in the absence of plasma flow, increasing χ decreases the RWM growth rate but does not fully stabilize the mode. However, in the presence of sufficiently fast plasma flow, turbulent viscosity can lead to full suppression of the RWM, when χ exceeds a critical value. Similarly, at a given χ value, the plasma flow can fully suppress the mode when the flow velocity exceeds a threshold value. In particular, turbulent viscosity significantly reduces the threshold value of the flow velocity required for full stabilization of the RWM.


The article discusses the Japanese Biotechnology market which lists human health, agri-food, bioprocess, environment, biotools and bioinformatics as the main industries. It shows a map of structural reorganization in Japan. It also discusses the areas of improvement of the Japanese market.


We present measurements on the yield of Kα-radiation from titanium plasmas produced with ultrashort, relativistic laser pulses. For the first time an increase of the Kα-yield is observed at relativistic intensities.


Lots of studies for hysteresis current regulator have been carried out because of its simple principle and structure. However, it looks hysteresis controllers still have some weaknesses like as inconsistent switching frequency, high switching frequency according to the operating conditions and etc. Some researchers studied for reducing its switching loss to decrease the switching frequency and parts of them are useful. Especially for the model adding 0 mode state and comparing the slope of the current reference, the effect of the reduced switching frequency looks useful. In this study, to apply this method to real load, part of the algorithm is realized not by software but by FPGA which has hardware speed to enhance the response time. This simple method decreases the generated switching frequency and significantly reduces the generated heat with reliability. This proposed method is proved by comparison with simulation and experiment.


Dentro L'Atomo is a multimedial hypertext developed in PC environment, which allows a first valid approach to the scientific questions concerning the atomic structure.
The main subject is the Rutherford atomic model and the Geiger and Marsden experiment, from the particular point of view of their relationship both with J. J. Thomson and Lord Kelvin studies and with the following theoretical approaches of N. Bohr.
By mixing different types of information (sound, animations, textes and pictures) and realizing an interactive dialogue also by means of several simulations, the program is a powerful tool to stimulate curiosity, criticism and speculation ability.


Fatty acid waste was recycled as raw material and utilized to synthesize epoxy (HP) or unsaturated ester group (OEE) containing polymers. The radicalic polymerization between the styrene and itaconic acid was carried out, too. Glycidyl ester of styrene-itaconic acid copolymer was obtained by esterification reaction with epichlorohydrin. The polymers were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chemical analysis. The polymers were incorporated into diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A type commercial epoxy resin to prepare composites. The effects of polymer structure and amount on the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy were investigated. Surface hardness, tensile strength, percentage elongation and stress at maximum load of the composites were obtained higher than pure epoxy resin. The composites reinforced with bio-based polymers showed about 74.55–243% increase in elastic modulus over the pure epoxy matrix. Obtained Young's modulus values were higher for composites with styrene-based polymers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012


In this study, in order to obtain the larger anisotropy field, B was added to the CoFe phase (Co/sub 35/Fe/sub 65/, Co/sub 25/Fe/sub 75/, and Co/sub 15/Fe/sub 85/ with high saturation magnetization more than 20 kG) by using synchronous triple-RF magnetron sputtering. Dependence of B content on anisotropy field and crystal structure of CoFeB thin films was investigated. Very large anisotropy field of 500-700 Oe for obtaining higher FMR frequency was obtained. The result shows a good potential for obtaining magnetic cores driven at higher frequencies of several GHz.


A classifier model for satellite image data by using Partitioned-Feature based Classifier (PFC)is proposed in this paper. The PFC does not use concatenated feature vectors extracted from the original data at once to classify each datum, but uses extracted feature vectors to classify data separately. In the training stage, the contribution rate calculated from each feature vector group is drawn throughout the accuracy of each feature vector group and then, in the testing stage, the final classification result is obtained by applying weights corresponding to the contribution rate of each feature vector group. The PFC-based classifier is applied to the problem of satellite image classification on a set of image data. The results demonstrate that the PFC-based classifier scheme can optimally enhance the classification accuracy of individual classifiers that use specific feature vector group.


Objective  To improve the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease with carotid stenosis, explore synchronous hybrid treatment for coronary heart disease with severe carotid stenosis and review of literature. Methods  A case of "one-stop" carotid artery stenting (CAS) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) hybrid surgical treatment of coronary heart disease with severe carotid stenosis was reported in present paper. Searching the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and PubMed databases, several literatures were retrieved and analyzed to summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease with severe carotid stenosis. Results  A 64-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital due to intermittent chest tightness for more than one month. Imaging examination, including coronary angiography, carotid ultrasound and cerebral vessel angiography, showed that severe coronary heart disease with bilateral carotid stenosis and obvious cerebral ischemia in the right brain hemisphere. Operation for right carotid artery was first performed under local anesthesia, and then the off-pump CABG was carried on under general anesthesia. Operation procedure was going well, and the recovery was good. The patient was followed up 3 months after operation, and there was no chest tightness and head-neck discomfort. Fourteen articles were obtained through database retrieval, and a total of 590 patients were reported including 427 male cases (72.4%) and 163 female cases (27.6%). All of them were treated at same stage with first CAS and sequential CABG. The interval between CAS and CABG was less than 24 hours. Findings indicated that postoperative stroke in 21 cases (3.5%), perioperative myocardial infarction in 11 cases (1.8%) and in-hospital death in 26 cases (4.4%). The follow-up results were satisfactory. Conclusion  "One-stop" CAS and CABG hybrid treatment is one of good therapeutic options for patients with coronary heart disease and carotid stenosis, but this operation needs to be carried out in the hybrid operation room, and the technical requirements for the surgeons are relatively high.

 DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2019.11.10


More than 50 per cent of present-day massive disc galaxies show a rotating stellar bar. Their formation and dynamics have been widely studied both numerically and observationally. Although numerical simulations in the ΛCDM cosmological framework predict the formation of such stellar components, there seems to be a tension between theoretical and observational results. Simulated bars are typically larger in size and have slower pattern speed than observed ones. We study the formation and evolution of barred galaxies, using two ΛCDM zoom-in hydrodynamical simulations of the CLUES project that follow the evolution of a cosmological Local Group-like volume. We found that our simulated bars, at z = 0, are both shorter and faster rotators than previous ones found in other studies on cosmological simulations alleviating the tension mentioned above. These bars match the short tail-end of the observed bar length distribution. In agreement with previous numerical works, we find that bars form in those systems where the disc self-gravity is dominant over the dark matter halo, making them unstable against bar formation. Our bars developed in the last 3-4 Gyr until they achieve their current length and strength; as bars grow, their lengths increase while their rotation speeds decrease. Despite this slowdown, at redshift z = 0 their rotation speeds and size match well the observational data.


A weighted-residual-based finite-element model for the computation of transient two-dimensional and axisymmetric magnetic vector potential and eddy-current distributions is formulated. The numerical field predictions are quantitatively tested against two analytical models in the time domain employing inverse Laplace transforms. The basis for the comparison is the determination of the eddy-current distribution in a conducting, nonmagnetic half-space due to either a suspended infinite wire or a suspended current loop. Although the excitation source for both methods is unit step current, the extension to arbitrary transient excitation currents and their corresponding eddy-current responses can be carried out by means of convolution. The resulting numerical temporal and spatial eddy-current distributions at various depths in the half-space are in excellent agreement with analytical distributions, thus quantitatively validating the numerical approach as a viable technique applicable to realistic nondestructive testing situations where field interactions with often arbitrary flaw geometries are of concern. >


Mathematical know-how is critical for numerous university students. This experiment examined whether decorative pictures in mathematical online learning could enhance learning. Although many experiments indicated a negative impact of decorative pictures, the pictures improved students' learning when they activated learning-relevant emotions and were connected to the learning materials. An experiment was conducted and included two sections, each with decorative pictures, learning materials, and questions. Overall, there were 92 participants. A 2 × 2 between-subjects design was used, employing the factors "picture in the first section" (positive vs. negative), and "picture in the second section" (positive vs. negative). The results showed that pictures neither enhanced nor hindered learning. Possibly, the pictures were overlooked, because they were combined with learning materials.


: The Wimmera Mallee Pipeline Project (WMPP) provides reticulated water to 36 towns and about 6000 farms across an area of approximately 2 million hectares and forms part of the Wimmera-Mallee Water Supply System (WMWSS). The WMWSS is a multi-reservoir system located in Western Victoria (Australia) which is operated to meet a range of conflicting interests for water using complex operating rules. Since completion in 2010, the pipeline has vastly improved efficiencies in the supply of water, with water savings being returned to the environment, existing consumptive use and new development. However, one of the major challenges for managers of these water recovery projects is to determine the most effective or optimal operational strategy to meet the needs of all water users. In Victoria, these often conflicting interests to water have traditionally been addressed through a consultative process supported by surface water simulation modelling. Simulation models attempt to represent all the major characteristics of a system and are suited to examine "what if?" scenarios. Whilst such models are highly effective in demonstrating the effect of changes in system operation, the modelling process is limited to finding one solution at a time for a given set of conditions. Optimisation models have also proven to be effective tools but unlike simulation models are characterised by a numeric search technique and are better suited to address "what should be?" questions. In recent times there has been growing interest in linking optimisation techniques with simulation models in order to build on the strengths of both modelling approaches in the search for optimal solutions. The general structure of this combined modelling technique provides for an iterative process; simulation outputs are used to quantify the effect of candidate solutions which are in turn passed to the search engine to find optimal solutions. The process of selecting the most preferred optimal solution brings together two aspects of multi-objective optimisation, namely; (i) the quantitative characteristics of these solutions relative to other solutions; and (ii) the higher level qualitative information in the form of stakeholders' preferences. The aim of this study is to incorporate stakeholder preferences into a sustainability index which has been previously used to evaluate and compare optimal operating plans for the WMWSS. In that previous study, Godoy et al. (2015) applied a multi-objective optimisation and sustainability assessment approach to an 18-objective function multi-objective optimisation problem (MOOP) which represented a range of interests for water. For the present study, the same interests are described in terms of three broad categories i.e. strong environmental preferences, strong social preferences, and strong preferences for the needs of consumptive users. A weighted sustainability index is presented which incorporates these preferences in the original sustainability index formulation. This weighted sustainability index is used to select preferred optimal operating plans previously found by the optimisation-simulation modelling. The results showed that the weighted sustainability index provided a simple means to incorporate stakeholders' preferences into the selection process and inform the decision maker of a stakeholder's uncertainty about their values and priorities for water.


Real-time control has been clearly identified as a separate challenging field within Adaptive Optics, where a lot of computations have to be performed at kilohertz rate to properly actuate the mirror(s) before the input wavefront information has become obsolete. When considering giant telescopes, the number of guide stars, wavefront samples and actuators rises to a level where the amount of processing is far from being manageable by today's conventional processors and even from the expectations given by Moore's law for the next years. FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) technology has been proposed to overcome this problem by using its massively parallel nature and its superb speed. A complete laboratory test bench using only one FPGA was developed by our group [1], and now this paper summarizes the early results of a real telescope adaptive optics system based in the FPGA-only approach. The system has been installed in the OGS telescope at "Observatorio del Teide", Tenerife, Spain, showing that a complete system with 64 Shack-Hartmann microlenses and 37 actuators (plus tip-tilt mirror) can be implemented with a real time control completely contained within a Xilinx Virtex-4 LX25 FPGA. The wavefront sensor has been implemented using a PULNIX gigabit ethernet camera (714 frames per second), and an ANDOR IXON camera has been used for the evaluation of the overall correcting behavior.


The design of a digital input/output buffer is described for operation in 3 volt ICs with 5 volt input signals. The design has been processed in 0.8 and 0.6 ¿m CMOS processes. A comparison of results is presented.


The aim : to determine the levels of specific IgE for S. aureus autostrains isolated from locus morbi with allergic dermatoses. Research methods : the study included 81 patients who received medical care in the Department of Dermatology, State Institution "Institute of Dermatology on Venereology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" in 2016-2019. The patients underwent clinical and laboratory examination, which included analysis of complaints and medical history data, assessment of the severity of the disease according to the SCORAD and EASI scales, and bacteriological and immunological studies. Examination of patients was carried out during an exacerbation of the disease. Results of the study : a correlation was established between the indicators of specific humoral immunity and the clinical course of allergic dermatoses. It was proved that in patients suffering from AD with severe and moderate disease with clinically significant SCORAD indices, IgE reactivity to СCAg auto Staph was significantly higher compared to specific IgE to СCAg reference Staph: 40,5±5,4 and 22,2±3,1 (P <0,01) and 14,9±1,02 and 11,4±1,07 (p<0,01), respectively. When summarizing the results obtained in the study of the blood sera of patients with severe and moderate IE with significant EASI indices, it was shown that the levels of anti-staphylococcal IgE to CCAg auto Staph were significantly higher when compared with serum IgE to CCAg reference Staph: 15,8±1,51 and 11, 7±0,96 (p<0,01) and 8,4±0,48 and 6,9±0,39 (P <0.02), respectively. Conclusions: given that the determination of specific and total IgE in blood serum blood pressure is included in the clinical protocol for the provision of specialized and highly specialized medical care, and allergen-specific therapy is considered as a promising treatment method, the determination of specific IgE before СCAg auto Staph can provide a personalized approach for diagnosis and treatment allergic dermatoses, weighed down by staphylococcal abnormal colonization of the skin


The incorporation of a quasi-linear collisional wave damping model of lower hybrid electron heating into a radial transport code reveals favourable prospects for heating tokamak plasmas to ignition. The RF frequencies considered here are such that the wave interaction is primarily with the electrons. For a particular test reactor design, 30 MW of lower hybrid power used in conjunction with a programmed plasma density start-up suffices to initiate a self-sustained thermonuclear burn.


Development of extratropical cyclones can be seen as an interplay of three positive potential vorticity anomalies: an upper-level stratospheric intrusion, low-tropospheric diabatically produced potential vorticity (PV), and a warm anomaly at the surface acting as a surrogate PV anomaly. This study, based on the interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) dataset, quantifies the amplitude of the PV anomalies of mature extratropical cyclones in different regions in the Northern Hemisphere on a climatological basis. A tracking algorithm is applied to sea level pressure (SLP)fields to identify cyclone tracks. Surface potential temperatureanomalies DuandverticalprofilesofPVanomalies DPVarecalculatedatthetimeofthecyclones' minimumSLPinaverticalcylinderaroundthesurfacecyclonecenter.Tocomparethecyclones'characteristics they are grouped according to their location and intensity. Composite DPV profiles are calculated for each region and intensity class at the time of minimum SLP and during the cyclone intensification phase. In the maturestage allthree anomaliesare on averagelargerfor intense thanforweak wintercyclones[e.g., 0.6 versus 0.2 potential vorticity units (PVU; 1 PVU 510 26 Kk g 21 m 2 s 21 ) at lower levels, and 1.5 versus 0.5 PVU at upper levels]. The regional variability of the cyclones' vertical structure and the profile evolution is prominent(cyclones in some regionsare moresensitiveto the amplitude ofa particularanomalythanin other regions). Values of Du and low-level DPV are on average larger in the western parts of the oceans than in the eastern parts. Results for summer are qualitatively similar, except for distinctively weaker surface Du values.


B. Efron introducedjackknife-after-bootstrapas a computationally efficient method for estimating standard errors of bootstrap estimators. In a recent paper consistency of the jackknife-after-bootstrap variance estimators has been established for different bootstrap quantities for independent and dependent data. In this paper, it is shown that in the dependent case, the standard jackknife-after-bootstrap estimator for the bias of block bootstrap quantities is inconsistent for almost any sensible choice of the blocking parameters. Some alternative bias estimators are proposed and shown to be consistent.


Pork has always been blamed to be too rich in (saturated) fat and consequently as being an unhealthy food. However, pork contains actually lesser fat, a considerable amount of cardiovasculary neutral monosaturated fatty acids and the level of polyunsaturated (possibly omega-3) fatty acids (PUFA) can be easily increased by the feed (Koch et al. 1968). The question raises what will happen with the (sensory) quality of pork rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids as these may induce poor consistency of backfat, yellow discolorations of the fat and off-flavours in meat (products) due to rancidity. Hence the objective of this study was to investigate the PUFA threshold for PUFA incorporations in pig tissue. According to Fischer et al. (1991) PUFA may vary from 15 to 21 g PUFA/kg feed, depending on the use of the pork (resp. cured and fresh meat). Houben and Krol (1983) and Wood (1983) recommend max. 15% PUFA in backfat.


An approach is proposed for fusion of parameterized model,sensitivity analysis and multidisciplinary optimal design.The steps as follow:(1) set up a parameterized model for the geometry of flight vehicles with parameters of different levels,(2) reduce the number of design parameters by using a sensitivity analysis method,(3) use the gradual optimal design method to solve the problem of integrated aerodynamic-stealth optimal design.Several advantages are identified through the application of the proposed method in the shape optimization of an aircraft:(1) the parameterized model can provide an unified model for the two subjects,(2) the task of optimal design is simplified by the sensitivity analysis of the parameters,(3) the fitness of the optimal design is improved by 56.1% and the time used is reduced by 57.02% by using the gradual optimal design method based on the sensitivity analysis.


The present invention relates to a wireless access system, and relates to methods for supporting a 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulation mode and devices for supporting the same. In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for supporting a 256QAM in a wireless access system can comprise the steps of: performing, by a terminal, a serving cell adding step for adding a serving cell; receiving, by the terminal, an upper layer signal including a 256QAM indicator for indicating whether a 256QAM is supported in the serving cell; and transmitting and receiving, by the terminal, data by using a first table or a second table according to the 256QAM indicator. At this time, the first table is configured to support a legacy modulation mode, and the second table can be configured to support a 256QAM.


Abstract Riblets have been used as a passive method of reducing the drag of a fluid flowing over an airfoil. Riblets are structures that run parallel to one another that are positioned longitudinally to the flow. It has been shown experimentally that the drag coefficients over the surface can be reduced by up to 10% when the shape, spacing and height of the riblets are optimized. However, the mechanism of drag reduction is not fully understood. This paper investigates the effects of riblets on energy amplification in streamwise constant channel flow. The linearized Navier-Stokes equations are described by the two-dimensional/three-component model. The irregular domain is converted into a uniform one through a change of coordinates. Spectral methods are used to discretize these equations, leading to a finite-dimensional state space model. The transient growth and ℋ 2 norm of the flow system are calculated, which shows that the presence of riblets can reduce the transient growth and ℋ 2 norm of channel flow.


The rates of whole body protein synthesis and breakdown were determined, with the aid of a constant administration of [15N]glycine, during recovery in 11 acutely burned children, involving a total of 24 studies. Eleven studies were also conducted in seven healthy children before and after reconstructive surgery. Rates of whole body proteln synthesis and breakdown, expressed as g protein/kg body weight/day, were significantly (p < 0.05) and positively correlated with per cent body surface area total burn, per cent third-degree burn, and per cent open wound. These rates (synthesls, 7.1 ± 2.1 g protein/kg/day; breakdown, 6.3 ± 1.8 g protein/kg/day) were 80 to 100% greater (p < 0.05) in patients with total burns ≥60%, as compared to patients with <25% total burns or to the surgical patients. Because of the high energy cost of protein synthesis, it is proposed that an increased whole body protein turnover is partly responsible for the reported elevations in rates of heal production occurring in patients recovering from thermal injury.


The newly promulgated EPA MACT rules for solid waste incinerators require HCl to be mitigated to extremely low concentrations. Most existing air pollution control systems will probably not be able to satisfy these very low limits. To meet the new challenges, dry injection of sodium bicarbonate or trona is a low-cost solution that can be applied in the following situations: (1) Replace existing acid gas mitigation systems; (2) Supplement existing systems; (3) Install where no acid gas mitigation systems exist yet. In a dry sorbent injection system, sodium bicarbonate or trona is injected directly into hot flue gas. After injection, the sorbent is calcined into porous activated sodium carbonate. Its high surface area enables fast gas-solid reactions between acid gases (mainly HCl and SO2 ) and Na2 CO3 to form NaCl and Na2 SO4 which are collected by either electrostatic precipitators (ESP) or fabric filters. The dry injection systems with sodium bicarbonate have shown over 99% removal of HCl and 95% removal of SO2 at over 150 Waste-To-Energy plants in Europe. This paper will describe the concept of dry sorbent injection system with sodium bicarbonate or trona, provide performance data from several plants, and describe system design guidelines.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


With the introduction of the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS), History of Psychology has acquired relevance as a subject in educating Psychology professionals. Following the Erasmus agreements (1989) and the Bologne Declaration (1999), a number of Spanish university Psychology departments have begun teaching the subject, some as a pilot experience while others as part of their offi cially recognized curriculum.


Abstract. We present a novel technique that can provide a high-quality vocaltract MRI movie during speech production. The method uses MRI vocal-tract images at the central point of each phoneme and interpolation functions between adjacent phonemes obtained from electromagnetic articulographic (EMA) data. It is based on our finding that articulatory parameters are suitable for a sparse representation. Preliminary results showed that the quality of the obtained vocal-tract MRI movie is high compared to that for the previous technique. The method will be useful for constructing a large database of vocal-tract MRI movies and understanding speech production mechanisms.


to experience a rather sudden and magic improvement in reading ability as they enter the third year of foreign language study.1 To this point, they have been carefully nursed with small amounts of structurally graded texts containing high frequency vocabulary. Now, after three to four semesters of spoon feeding, they are usually started without mercy on the chronological study of the literary masterworks of the target language in a survey course. Suddenly, instructors expect a transition from the stage of painful word-by-word decoding of contrived written dialogs or narrations dealing with simple everyday events to comprehension of relatively lengthy literary texts containing highly abstract vocabulary, complex syntactical patterns, and sophisticated style and content which even an educated native speaker often cannot read without effort. To continue my analogy of reading instruction to infant nutrition: we do not just expect to wean the students from the bottle to the cup; we hand them knife, fork, and the uncooked ingredients for a gourmet meal and expect them to enjoy a Lucullan repast. The major goal of most u.s. undergraduate foreign language programs is to develop familiarity with and appreciation of the literature of the target language culture. Anyone contesting this assertion should examine course offerings and sequences in current college catalogs. Yet, somewhere in our program sequence we seem to lose sight of the fact that reading comprehension is at the very base of literary reception and appreciation, and that training for reading comprehension must come before training in literary criticism. McGuigan notes that many fourth quarter German students at the University of Minne-


Key Words : PROMOTION STRATEGY, MARKETING, LCD TV PRODUCTS ABSTRACT : The objective to be achieved in carrying out practical work activities is to learn how to campaign LCD TV products. In writing this practical work report, used methods was field study. From the work report, the result showed that promotion or marketing activities in a company is very important because it involves a product being marketed. After doing practical work activities, it can be concluded that the promotional strategies undertaken makes the company is able to increase sales and be closer to customers, because the promotion strategy adopted is using the mix promotion.


Linked Environments for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD ) is a National Science Foundation (NSF) multidiscipl inary project dedicated to designing a cyberinfrastructur e (CI) for mesoscale meteorology. This paper considers how the fundamental structure and responsibilities of the p roject have complicated and delayed the inclusion of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) design in the project. T hrough close observation and extensive interviews we found that the tension between research and development inhere t in the requirements of the project funding hindered th e effective role of HCI design. However, external rem inders that HCI would be critical for deployment among the education community reinvigorated the consideration of HCI issues. Even so, the project schedule and team me ber expertise has not facilitated the inclusion of HCI. This situation suggests policy implications for funding a encies in the future, specifically that HCI should be a re quired part of grant proposals. Author


• As demonstrated in development of the Navy's Digital Modular Radio (DMR), CORBA facilitates: ➤ Redeployment of objects to a variety of processing resources including simulation environments ➤ Routing of communications from an object to other known objects on any other processing resource ➤ Quick creation of applications via modification of high-level application topology scripts to specify a new connectivity for objects


In order to improve the robustness of attitude control system to disturbance moment for exo-atmospheric interceptor,the on-off attitude control law is designed based on predictive control.The constraints on field of view and angular velocity are taken as output constraints to be added to the optimization problem of predictive control,thus the deviation of target from field of view is avoided.For the linearized attitude control model,the robustness of algorithm is guaranteed by applying the method of constraint tightening.Based on this,the optimization problem corresponding to attitude control with on-off inputs is obtained.Simulation results show that the proposed method meets accuracy requirements even if large disturbance moment exists.


Urinary tract infections (UTIs) mainly affect women. We described microbial susceptibility of isolates from community urine samples of women aged between 18 and 60, treated at a hospital in Recife, Brazil, from May 2017 to May 2018. Isolates were tested by disk-diffusion. Of the 121 samples, Escherichia coli (40.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.0%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (17.3%) were isolated. Resistance in Gram-negative bacilli was observed to ampicillin, cephalexin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and nitrofurantoin (>30%); and ceftriaxone (7.7%). We identified 9.3% ESBL microorganisms and no ampicillin or vancomycin resistant Enterococcus sp. We recommend amoxicillin-clavulanate and ceftriaxone for the treatment of community-acquired UTIs in women.


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Stem cells lacking Bmi-1 proliferate poorly.

Morrison/Macmillan

The unique cell cycle characteristics of stem cells are defined, at least in part, by a polycomb transcription factor called Bmi-1, according to Anna Molofsky, Ricardo Pardal, Sean Morrison, and colleagues (


his study investigated the Organizational T Leadership, Workers' Self-concept and Employees' Job Performance with focus on staff of Nigerian Television Authority (Television College), Jos. One hundred and twenty (120) participants consists fifty-five (55) females and sixty-five (65) males randomly selected. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Correlational Matrix which showed Organizational Leadership as having a significant relationship with Employee's Job Performance r = 0.296, p = 0.001. Furthermore, ANOVA result score of F (1,118) = 5.371; p = 0.022, indicating support for the significant effect of Self-concept on Worker's Job Performance. Imperatively, for any organization to assume total quality in its style of leadership, and high productivity in organization, leaders/subordinates should show attitudinal commitment to achieve their goals and that of the organization. Furthermore, organization should endeavor to subject employees to training, coaching and decision making skills that will enhance a good self-concept and high productivity.


This paper reports on an innovative entrepreneurship program, designed to not only train students to become franchise owners, but provide the necessary start-up capital as well. This model creates multiple revenue streams for the entrepreneurship center from program students, franchisees, franchisors and sponsors, allowing it to become self-sustaining in no more than 10 years. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This paper provides a revolutionary framework for fundraising in university-level entrepreneurial programs. Given the charge to become self-sustaining, one entrepreneurship center attempted the usual fundraising tactic of building an endowment from donations, but learned that because of both macro- and micro-economic reasons, this approach was not realistic. After a review of both typical funding mechanisms utilized by entrepreneurship programs in the United States and franchising education in these institutions, a revolutionary model, entitled the Franchise Ownership Program is introduced. Fueled by the creation of Franchise Investment Trusts or FITS, these funding pools provide passive opportunities for investors to ear returns from a portfolio of franchises. These franchises are owned by students trained through the program and the entrepreneurship center received multiple revenue streams in this model: a) 50% of franchise fees, b) 1% gross revenue royalty rate from each franchisee, c) $5,000$10,000 in tuition from each franchisee, d) $5,000 in annual continuing education fees from each franchisee, e) corporate sponsorship revenues, and f) donations to the program. Franchisors to date are identified and the ability of this program to be replicated at other universities.


By analysis to structure and characteristic of mine-used explosion-proof hydraulic winch, the paper illustrates urgency for spreading explosion- proof hydraulic winch in coal mine, and put forwards matters need attention in course of employment.


A pot experiment was used to determine the Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of different position leaves in Lespedeza daurica under three different water level(80% FC,60% FC and 40% FC) and two phosphorus treatments(0.1 Pg·kg-1 dry soil and no P addition).The results of this study showed that the initial fluorescence(F0) and the maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm) of flag leaves were significantly lower those of middle leaves under moderate water stress and supply phosphorus,while there were no significant differences in maximal fluorescence(Fm),implying that the PSⅡreaction center of flag leaves were less destroyed than the middle leaf and the light energy transformation efficiency of flag leaves was higher.The leaf quenching coefficient(NPQ) significantly decreased and the Fv/Fm values of flag leaf and new leaf under moderate water stress condition were significantly higher in supply phosphorus treatment,indicating that the light energy dissipation decreased and light energy transformation increased under water stress by addition of phosphorus,which suggested that the supply phosphorus improved the adaptive capacity of L.daurica to semiarid loess hilly-gully region.


Let π be a trajectory in the plane, represented as a polyline with n edges. We show how to preprocess π into a data structure such that for any horizontal query segment σ in the plane and a subtrajectory between two vertices of π, one can quickly determine the Frechet distance between σ and that subtrajectory. We provide data structures for these queries that need O(n2 log2 n) preprocessing time, O(n2 log2 n) space, and O(log2 n) query time. If we are interested only in the Frechet distance between the complete trajectory π and a horizontal query segment σ, we can answer these queries in O(log2 n) time using only O(n2) space. Compilation copyright © 2017 Michiel Smid Copyright of individual papers retained by authors.All right reserved.


A ciphertext-based proxy secure two-party computation protocol(CPSTCP) which can be used in shared storage platform is proposed.We presented its conception and define its formal model.Campared with secure protocol based on secure computation outsourcing(SCO),CPSTCP is more secure and efficient because it need not share secret.Using attribute-based access control and secure two-party set intersection computation protocol which has been constructed,we construct a ciphertext-based proxy secure two-party set intersection computation protocol which is secure in the semi-honest model.


This paper deals with stability and robust H∞ control of discrete-time switched non-linear systems with time-varying delays. The T-S fuzzy models are utilised to represent each sub-non-linear system. Thus, with two level functions, namely, crisp switching functions and local fuzzy weighting functions, we introduce a discrete-time switched fuzzy systems, which inherently contain the features of the switched hybrid systems and T-S fuzzy systems. Piecewise fuzzy weighting-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals (PFLKFs) and average dwell-time approach are utilised in this paper for the exponentially stability analysis and controller design, and with free fuzzy weighting matrix scheme, switching control laws are obtained such that H∞ performance is satisfied. The conditions of stability and the control laws are given in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) that are numerically feasible. The state decay estimate is explicitly given. A numerical example and the control of delayed single link robot arm with uncertain part are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.


The field of strategic supply chain management has shown that buying firms can obtain a competitive advantage on a scarce factor market by convincing the suppliers to sell their scarce resources to them. If the buying firm receives more of the input materials, then its competitors receive less and therefore the buying firm's output is larger allowing them to sell more products. It is not known to literature yet on what basis the suppliers decide to whom they sell in a scarce market. Therefore, purchasers lack a set of factors that they can use to convince the supplier to sell the scarce resources to them. Factor market literature lacks an explanation of why buying firms perform heterogeneously even though they have the same supplier base. Previous work has failed to address the problem from the suppliers' point of view. This study takes the framework of supplier value theory to understand what suppliers value in buyers and what makes them decide which of the buyers to sell to. To determine those factors, this article reports the results of a multiple case study on the Austrian timber market. The Austrian timber market is a scarce natural factor market, where suppliers have a choice who to sell to. The multiple case study was conducted as seven semi-structured interviews. The interview questions are based on previous research on supplier value factors. The study reveals that there are differences between firm sizes in the decision making process. It also shows that measurement accuracy and market price stability build trust, which evolves into long-term relationships with suppliers. Suppliers sell their scarce resources more willingly to buyers with long-term relationships. Hence, this study contributes to literature by showing that supplier value theory is a better explanation for the decision making process on a scarce market than factor market theory. Furthermore, it impacts strategic purchasing by giving purchasing managers a set of factors that are important to suppliers that need to be satisfied in order to obtain scarce resources.


We evaluate the output of a Markov model-based harmonic progression generator, a classic model for corpus-based computational creativity. 87 participants performed a discrimination task classifying 20 musical excerpts as either human-composed or computer-composed. Also recorded was each participant's level of confidence in their choice. Results indicated that while overall performance was above what would be expected from random guessing, further analysis revealed this was due to the human-composed pieces being much easier to identify than computer-composed pieces. Assessed separately, participants were unable to identify computer-composed pieces above chance-levels. We suggest improvements to the experimental design that could be implement in future evaluations.


Existing quadrilayer and trilayer techniques for optimizing the magneto-optical effects from magnetic materials have been applied to new generation recording media to investigate the possibility of maximizing the signal-to-noise readout performance. Various methods are reviewed and the designs they produce are compared with each other and with the working media found in the literature. In order to address a number of inadequacies, a new numerical approach to the optimization of a quadrilayer structure is used to find further solutions that are considered more suitable for the practical recording media. The effects on design and performance of medium of incidence, type of storage layer and wavelength are all considered.


Objectives: The objective of this paper is to analyze the results of arthroscopic treatment in the talus ostecondral lesion. The technique is: resection of the lesion , cleaning the damage area and perforation. Methods: Between November 1997 and July 2005, 22 patients with osteocondral lesion were treated by resection of the lesion, shaver the damage cartilage and perforation the place with k wire. The lesion were classified by Berndt and Harty tomography classification. Twelve lesions were classified in type II and ten type III. Results: The AOFAS score were 71,7 points in the preoperative and 91.8 in the postoperative. The increased was 20,1 points . We had one patient with a paresthesia of the safenous nerve which resolve spontaneously. Conclusion: We concluded that the arthroscopic treatment for Talus osteocondral lesion using the resection of the lesion, shaver the damage area and perforation the place is a efficient method to treat this kind of lesion.


Objective: To investigate type and number of antihypertensive drugs in over-eighty-years-old-patients and five years follow-up changes in antihypertensive therapy. To evaluate also prevalence of adequate blood pressure (BP) control, orthostatic hypotension, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and comorbidities in this population. Design and method: From 2007 to 2015 we enrolled 239 over-eighty-years-old-hypertensives (systolic-BP > 140mmHg and/or diastolic-BP > 90mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive-drugs). For each patient we assessed home and office-BP, other CV-risk factors, organ damage (left ventrcular hypertrophy-LVH, microalbuminuria, intima-media thickening), comorbidities, antihypertensive-drugs. Follow-up consisted in telephone-interview (July/2017) to detect if patients were alive, had CV-events and/or changed their antihypertensive-therapy. Results: At the first visit, BP-values were controlled (<140/90mmHg) in 133 patients (55.6%). Systolic-BP was > 140mmHg in 87 patients (36.4%), diastolic-BP > 90mmHg in 3 (1.3%), whereas both systolic and diastolic-BP were uncontrolled in 16 (6.7%). Orthostatic hypotension was diagnosed in 19.2% patients. 133 patients had LVH (77.3%) and 107 carotid-plaques (70.9%). Among CV-risk factors, heart diseases affected 70 patients (heart failure-6.7%, coronary diseases-10%, atrial fibrillation-12%), cerebrovascular-diseases interested 14 patients (5.8%), chronic kidney failure affected 46 patients (19.2%), diabetes and/or dyslipidemia were found in 134 patients (56.1%). 52.3% of patients took 2–3 type of antihypertensive drugs, 32.7% 4 or more, 12.6% followed monotherapy, 2.5% didn't take antihypertensive molecules. Generally, well-controlled hypertensives used less drugs than uncontrolled ones (2.75 ± 1.4vs3.23 ± 1.35,p:0.008). Most used drugs were: Calcium-antagonists (CA,66%), Angiotensin-receptor-blockers (ARB,57%), Beta-blockers (BB,42%), thiazide-diuretics (TD,47%), Angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors (ACE-I,33%), sympatholytic (25%), loop-diuretics (LD,15%), mineralcorticoid-antagonists (MA,6%). After 4.9 ± 2.2 years, 51.7% of patients took 2–3 type of antihypertensive drugs, 25.3% 4 or more, 16.7% followed monotherapy, 6.3% didn't take antihypertensive molecules. Thus, the mean number of drugs passed from 2.96 ± 1.40 to 2.58 ± 1.34, with cut both in male and female and both in well-controlled and uncontrolled hypertensives. We found the rise of LD prescriptions (p:0.004), whereas CA (p:0.04), TD (p:0.001) and ARB (p:0.01) were less used. 28 patients were lost at the follow-up (11.7%), 37 were died (15.5%:54% for CV-events, 46% for other causes). Among the 174 alive-patients (72.8%), 6.9% had CV-events. Conclusions: Our data underlined deprescribing of hypertensives-drugs in an out-patient population of over-eighty-year-old-hypertensives, especially for TD, ARB and CA.


Any commitment of a crime is a process,so is a fully functioning system for crime prevention in cities.In such a system the speed of community disorganization and the endurance of disadvantaged groups in society to adjust themselves to the social and economic changes.It is an obligation for all citizens,public services,enterprises and public institutions to take positive preventive measures for crimes that might be committed at any situations.


: In social networks it is usual to find nodes that tend to establish relationships based on common attributes like gender and age. To represent this behavior, past models consider a partition of the set of nodes in types and introduce an affinity level , representing the tendency of a node to connect with other nodes of the same type. The partition of the set of nodes in types give rise to a class of networks called heterogeneous . In this work we characterize mathematical expressions for the dynamics and convergence of the probability and complementary cumulative degree distribution functions in a model of heterogeneous networks. We show that the degree distribution of each type of nodes follows a power law characterizing its scaling exponent. Furthermore, using the stability in the sense of Lyapunov of the expected average degree for each type, we propose an approach to detect instants at which the formation of new edges does not follow the mechanisms of the proposed network.


[Objective] To distinguish false positive of urine occult blood by urine analyzer.[Methods] We collected 200 urine samples with occult blood(+)~(+++),RBC less than 25/μL detected by urine sediment analyzer and RBC negative by microscope.We took 0.5 mL urine into test tubes and detected occult blood by immunological colloidal gold method as gold standard.[Results] False positive cases were 84,taking up to 42% while true positive cases 110(58%).[Conclusion] Immunological colloidal gold method can be used to distinguish false positive of urine occult blood.


The purpose of this paper is to estimate and compare various continuous stochastic volatility interest rate models of Korean interest rates. The empirical methodology is the Efficient Method of Moments (EMM). The empirical results indicate that the level effect and volatility are important ingredients in the dynamics of Korean interest rates, except when using a model in which a level effect parameter is freely estimated. Therefore, very simple and manageable continuous models, for example having two-factors at most, replicate the dynamic motions of Korean interest rates in an excellent way.


Fluorine-containing substituted benzaldehyde semi-dehydroabietylamine Schiff bases were synthesized by direct condensation,and their structures were characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.The antibacterial activities of fluorine-contain-ing Schiff bases were tested by extracorporeal experiments.It has been found that fluorine-containing substituted benzaldehyde semi-dehydroabietylamine Schiff bases displayed strong antibacterial activities against many kinds of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.p-F-substituted benzaldehyde semi-dehydroabietylamine Schiff base has the strongest activity against S.aureus.and B.subtilis.The diameters of antibacterial rings reached 1.65 and 1.30 cm,respectively.The introduction of fluorine atom in Schiff base was ineffective against Escherichia coli,the activity was even reduced.


T he ob jec t of the O lga projec t is to deve lop an interactive 3D an im ated talkingag ent. A futuristic app lication sce na rio is interactive digital T V , w here the O lgaag ent w ou ld guide na ive users through the variou s service s availab le on thenetw ork. T he current app lication is a con sum er inform ation service for m icrow aveove ns. O lga requ ired the deve lop m ent of a system w ith com pon ents from m an ydifferent fields: m ultim oda l interface s, dialogu e m anag em ent, speec h rec ogn ition ,speec h synthesis, graph ics, an im ation , facilities for direc t m an ipu lation andda taba se hand ling . T o integrate all kno w ledg e sou rce s O lga is im plem ented w ithsepa rate m odu les comm un icating w ith a ce ntral dialogu e interaction m anag er. Inthis pap er, w e m ainly describe the talking anim ated agent and the dialogu em anag er. T here is also a sho rt description of the prelim ina ry speec h rec ogn iserused in the project.


Molar excess thermodynamic quantities hE, , and vE have been measured at 25 °C over the whole composition range for mixtures of four globular Sn(CnH2n+1)4 (SnR4) (n = 1–4) with t-decalin, and 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (br-C16) as well as hE for the same SnR4 compounds with 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (br-C8). The excess viscosities are measured at −20, 25, and 40 °C for the t-decalin + SnR4 systems. By introducing gE in the solution activation energy, the free energy of mixing can be related to and calculated from the excess viscosities. The steric hindrance contribution, corresponding to an increase of order or diminution of mobility in solution, known to occur either with compounds having highly substituted atoms or with flat-shaped molecules, was investigated. The free volume contribution to the different thermodynamic properties is calculated from the Prigogine–Patterson–Flory theory. The difference between the experimental and calculated excess data is associated with the steric hindrance contributi...


The novel type has been proposed of sensor of electrical field, the operation of which is based on the phenomenon of birefringence in nanoporous alumina oxide with the pores filled by electro-sensitive material. Our investigations show technological performability of this high-sensitive and cheap sensor. The technical advantage of the sensor is the possibility of the use as sensitive substance of a number of nano-structured materials having electro-optical coefficients in several orders higher in comparison with ones for bulk materials. The proposed sensor on the basis of nanoporous alumina oxide is flexible, reconfigurable with the possibility of embedding in mobile manufacturing line.


Antlions of the sub-family Myrmeleontinae in the Sikasso region of southern Mali were studied for almost 6 consecutive years. In total, 51 species or morphospecies were recorded. The assemblage is dominated by the tribe Nemoleontini (33 species). Other tribes represented are Nesoleontini (7 species), Myrmeleontini (5 species), Myrmecaelurini (3 species) and Acanthaclisini (3 species). Most of the identified species are new for Mali and, indeed, for sub-Saharan Africa. Six species are very abundant, 17 abundant, 13 fairly abundant and 15 rare. The average sex ratio of the whole assemblage is about 1 male to 1 female. An uninterrupted succession of species, with conspicuous temporal segregation, occurs throughout the year with varying overlap of the flight periods. The number of species recorded by month is highly correlated with temperature, rainfall and relative humidity (r² = 0.99). Species richness peaks in October and February, and is lowest in August. The estimated duration of flight periods ranges from 10-20 days to 365 days. The average flight period is 80 days.


Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for fetal aneuploidies by massively parallel sequencing has transformed the approach to prenatal care. The presence of circulating fetal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal plasma, which is derived primarily from the placenta, is the basis of this test. Studies comparing NIPT to serum or combined screening have shown that NIPT outperforms these screening options in trisomy detection and has significantly lower false positive rates. Biological causes of false positive NIPT results may include maternal mosaicism (primarily sex chromosome mosaicism), confined placental mosaicism, co-twin demise, maternal malignancy and maternal copy number variation. Here, we present a case of a nonstandard NIPT result involving a large and pathogenic partial duplication of chromosome 18q first indicated by NIPT. Subsequent prenatal diagnosis confirmed the presence of the duplication in the fetus, which was inherited from the phenotypically normal mother who carried the same chromosomal imbalance, but in mosaic form. A review of the NIPT data indicates that maternal mosaicism for this large segmental imbalance is sufficient to cause a false positive NIPT result in subsequent pregnancies, in the absence of the imbalance being transmitted to the fetus. Therefore, maternal mosaicism for large segmental copy number abnormalities may be yet another rare cause of false positive NIPT results, which further highlights the need for confirmatory invasive testing whenever an abnormal NIPT result is returned. The patient was a 38-year-old G3P2 woman who underwent first trimester combined screening. Risks for trisomy 18 and trisomy 21 were calculated at 1:13,100 and 1:1,690, respectively. No further investigations for Down syndrome or trisomy 18 were recommended on the basis of these low risk results. A fetal anomaly ultrasound scan at 20weeks of gestation identified an isolated aberrant right subclavian artery. The sonologist counselled a low risk for chromosome abnormality but informed the patient of the option of NIPT and amniocentesis. The patient was not referred for formal genetic counselling and pursued NIPT independently. Maternal venous blood was collected for NIPT at 20 + 6weeks of gestation, and testing was performed by Natera Panorama test, which is a targeted, multiplexed, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based NIPT assay. The NIPT returned an unexpected finding with no result for chromosome 18 because of an 'atypical finding outside the current scope of the test'. The atypical finding was a suspicion of a partial duplication of chromosome 18. To help direct follow-up testing, a request was made for genomic or cytogenetic breakpoint information but was declined on the basis that the information being sought was outside the current scope of the test. Genetic counselling was arranged, and the patient elected amniocentesis at 22weeks of gestation, at which time a small ventricular septal defect on ultrasound was also noted. As no positional information for the suspected duplication was available, a rapid interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization test, microarray analysis and a conventional karyotype were requested. Fluorescence in situ hybridization testing for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y using a Vysis AneuVysion probe set (Abbott Molecular) was consistent with a male fetus with two copies of the chromosome 18 centromere. Chromosome microarray on DNA extracted from uncultured amniotic fluid cells using an Affymetrix CytoScan 750K array (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) revealed a 16.1Mb duplication from the chromosome 18 long arm, region q12.1 to q21.1 (Figure 1), with molecular karyotype arr[hg19] 18q12.1q21.1(29,524,180-45,659,732)x3. Conventional G-banded chromosome analysis on cultured amniotic fluid


Lake sediments act as major repositories of heavy metals and serve as a source of the contaminants for biota and the overlying water. The bottom sediments are critical to heavy metal assessments because they are mid and/or longterm integrators of metal inputs. Horizontal distribution of metals illustrated lateral variations in the chemical composition of surface sediments and act as a guide to local pollution. Overpopulation, industrialization, rapid urbanization, overuse of pesticides and herbicides, detergents and ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: April 25, 2021 Accepted: June 19, 2021 Online: July 29, 2021 _______________


Abstract Contemporary consumption represents an archetypal 'wicked problem', being linked to climate change, biodiversity loss and resource depletion, while also functioning as a cultural signifier and a driver of economic growth and innovation. The Janus-faced nature of consumption is an important indicator of the complexity facing those who aspire to encouraging more sustainable consumption patterns. This paper argues that there are outstanding, and related, areas of contention that need further research in order to generate a more comprehensive and coherent picture of consumption and how it may be made more sustainable. In essence attention needs to be paid to the practices of consumption, its governance and also how practices and governance interact. This paper examines everyday practices and their regulation in two key areas of consumption in Ireland – how we get around (transport) and how we live in our homes (heating/cooling, lighting, cleaning and eating) – to identify current gaps in social scien...


Delay tolerant networks (DTNs) were introduced to deal with environments where interruptions or disruptions of service were expected. Such networks usually lack of end-to-end paths or any infrastructure to help communications. Usually, there is neither guarantee about the availability of the connections nor the topology of the network. Opportunistic networks are a special case of DTN that exploit systematically the mobility of nodes. When nodes contacts occur, routing protocols can exploit them to forward messages. In the absence of stable end-to-end paths, spatio-temporal paths are created opportunistically. Opportunistic networks are suitable for communications in pervasive environments that are saturated by other devices. The ability to self-organize using the local interactions among nodes, added to mobility, leads to a shift from legacy packet-based communications towards a message-based communication paradigm. Opportunistic networks can be associated with human networks where people are moving around. In this work, we study the use of Temporal Random Walks (TRW) as a simple method that can adapt itself to the self-organizing evolution of opportunistic networks.


BACKGROUND
endoscopic ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) allows cytologic and/or histologic diagnosis of lesions within or adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract. However, the amount of tissue obtained with a regular 22 gauge needle is not always satisfactory. With the development of a needle XNA-10J-KB (Shot-Gun) that resembles the automatic liver biopsy needle, it is expected that significant samples be obtained more frequently (core biopsy), optimizing histological analysis.

OBJECTIVE
to compare samples obtained with EUS-FNA using 3 different needle systems: GIP, NA-10J-1 and Shot-Gun.

METHODS
19 patients underwent EUS-FNA for diagnosis (5) or tumor staging (14). Mean age was 58.9 years (range 27-82), being 50% men. All patients were submitted to EUS-FNA with the 3 needle models. The Shot-Gun model was "shot" when its tip was near the target inside the lesion, followed by aspiration. Samples were submitted for cytologic and histologic examination.

RESULTS
mean lesion size was 3.0 cm (range 0.8-5.5 cm). Final diagnoses were made after surgery or intra-operative biopsy: 13 pancreatic tumors (12 adenocarcinomas and 1 neuroendocrine tumor), 4 chronic pancreatitis, 1 acute pancreatitis, and 1 cholangiocarcinoma. Specimens adequate for cytologic diagnosis were obtained in 13/19 (68. 4%) patients using GIP model, in 14/19 (73.7%) with NA10J-1 model, and in 17/19 (89.5%) with ShotGun, model (p=0.039). Histologic analysis was possible in 10/19 (52.6%) patients using the GIP model, in 14/19 (73.7%) with NA10J-1, and in 17/19 (89.5%) with Shot-Gun, model (p=0.005). Adequate samples for cytologic or histologic assessment in 16/19 (84.2%) patients using the GIP model, in 17/19 (89.5%) with NA10J-1, and in 18/19 (94.7%) with Shot-Gun, model (p=0.223). In two cases biopsies were negative due to very hard tumors.

CONCLUSION
the Shot-Gun needle obtained better samples for histological diagnosis than NA10J-1 needle and GIP.


The adaptability of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) to various host families in the dry and rainy seasons in Bali. Leafminer fly Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is a newly introduced invasive spec thatthatd attacks various types of host plants in Bali. This study aims to determine the adaptability of L. trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae) to various host plants during the dry and rainy seasons in Bali. This research was conducted in all regencies/cities in Bali in September 2020-March 2021 using a survey method starting from the lowlands <500 masl, medium plains 500-1000 masl, and highlands > 1000 masl. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling by taking 100-150 plant leaves showing symptoms of leaf damage by L. trifolii at the study site. The results showed that L. trifolii was able to adapt to damage 10 types of host plants from the Asteraceae family, namely Gumitir flowers, Chrysanthemums and Zinia flowers, Fabaceae family, namely long beans, squat beans, and green beans, Brassicaceae family, namely Pak Choyy and mustard greens, Solanaceae family, namely tomatoes. and the Cucurbitaceae family, namely cucumbers in two growing seasons from the lowlands to the highlands. Gumitir and long bean flowers are the host plants that get the highest attack frequency from L. trifolii during the dry and rainy seasons in Bali, both in the lowlands and in the middle. Gumitir and long bean flowers were indicated as the most selected host plants by L. trifolii in the field. The novel results of this study indicate that L. trifolii is a new invasive pest in Bali that has broad adaptability to host plant families during the rainy and dry seasons in low, medium, and high altitudes.


Water from Crawford National Fish Hatchery, Crawford, Nebraska is of high quality for rearing rainbow (Salmo gairdncrii) and brown trout (Saimo trutta). Analyses were conducted for two months during the summer of 1971 with mean results as follows: Acidity 16 mg/l, alkalinity 202 mg!l, ammonia 0.6 mg/l, calcium hardness 201 mg/l, carbon dioxide 23 mg/I, dissolved oxygen 8 mg/l, nitrates 6 mg/l, nitrites 0.02 mg/l, pH 7.6, temperature 16° C. and turbidity 4.6 J.T.V .. Bioassay studies indicated lethal concentrations of ammonia and carbon dioxide to brown trout to be 12 mg/l and 150 mg!l respectively.


Environmental historians have a fondness for the American West, for it is there that the squandering of America's wealth of natural resources is so conspicuous and, by modem standards, so shameful. It is there that the causes of overgrazed ranges, clear-cut forests, wildlife losses, regimented rivers, and mountains of tailings and lakes of toxic sludge are as crystal clear as the azure western sky. There, the sages of the West, from their easy chairs, from their lofty perches above the one-hundredth meridian, and from the besieged gates of the lords of yesterday, decry the sins of private greed, waste, and abuse that was and is, they claim, the unmaking of the West. Who can deny the environmental record of unbridled individualism or question the gallantry of a federal few to save the West from capitalist exploitation? Make no mistake-there was exploitation. Grass was extracted from arid prairies at rates that exceeded the historic harvests of tens of millions of migrating bison. Forests were cut at rates that exceeded the natural periodicity of fire and regeneration. Rivers, wild and choked with salmon, were blocked, stair-stepped, and channeled to make way for a new breed: cultivators and stockmen. Mountains that had taken ages to thrust upward, and then ages more to be sculpted by wind, water, and ice, were deconstructed to their basic elements of rubble. In fact, much of the West has been deconstructed. A generation of insightful and daring historians have dismantled the edifice of myth, the cultural belief that this home on the range of the winsome cowboy somehow steered clear of the ills endemic to the rest of America and stayed true, instead, to its ethos of individualism and its birthright of frontier democracy. But there is a problem, or more accurately a hesitancy. Slash and burn as they might, western historians have shown a stubborn reluctance to dismantle the one icon that is most responsible for the West's environmental undoing: the western hero. By western hero, I do not mean the fictional agents that pass down to us from the ages or the manufactured legends that occasionally grace the cinematic screen, though their ethos shares much in common with what I have in mind. Rather, the heroes I see, the ones who deconstructed the West to stubble, stumps, and stagnant pools, were flesh and blood, mostly male, living but much larger than life. They are the ones who won the West of "wise use," the scribes who, in an


In computer controlled digital servo system, analog quantity signal is transformed into digital signal of control system by means of sychro-to-digital converters (SDC) of integrated ZSZ-01 series. Anolog speed signal VEL from SDC is also taken as speed feedback signal to form speed loop in gun servo system. ZSZ-01 system can perform direction judgment of axial angle turning by means of output signal VEL of anolog speed voltage. Using a self synchronous motor and a SDC module can forman axial angle coding device to perform digital measurement of axial angle. The measuring device has been applied to a certain gun servo system.


This paper analyzes the difficulties of research-oriented teaching in electrical and electronic technology,the conception and objectives of research-oriented teaching is stated.On the basis of this,research-oriented teaching methods for electrical and electronic technology are investigated.Meanwhile,abundant teaching materials are found,which include research-oriented teaching electronic teaching plans,teaching references.Research-oriented teaching quality evaluation system based on students ability is built,and the result of practice shows that the research-oriented teaching of the course is feasible and it achieves regular teaching effects.


Tracking the pH with spatiotemporal resolution is a critical challenge for synthetic chemistry, chemical biology and beyond. Over the last decade different small probes and supramolecular systems have emerged for in celluloor in vivo pH tracking. However, pH reporting still presents critical limitations such as background reduction, sensor improved stability, cell targeting, endosomal escape, near and far infrared ratiometric pH tracking, adaptation to the new imaging techniques (i.e. super-resolution), etc. These challenges will demand the combined efforts of synthetic and supramolecular chemistry working together to develop a next generation of smart materials that will resolve the current limitations. In this review we describe the recent advances in the synthesis of small fluorescent probes together with new supramolecular functional systems employed for pH tracking with emphasis in ratiometric probes. The combination of organic synthesis and stimuli-responsive supramolecular functional materials will be essential to solve future challenges of pH tracking such as the improved signal to noise ratio, on target activation and microenvironment reporting.


The invention discloses a process for preparing type II epoxidation enzyme (COX-2) inhibiting agent 4-[3-trifluoromethyl-5-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazolyl] benzene sulfonamide (Celecoxib) by using 1-(p-cresyl)-4,4,4-trifluoro-1,3-butanedione and p-sulfamoyl phenylhydrazine hydrochlorate as raw material for reaction with homogeneous system comprising water and organic solvent including methanol or ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propanetriol, N, N-dimethyl formamide, N, N-dimethyl dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrochysene-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolone, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, dioxane at room temperature.


We propose a method to decompose any strict preference relation P (that is any asymmetric relation) defined on a set A in view of preparing (see facilitating) its exploitation. This pre-processing is a fast step that consists in partitioning an appropriate directed graph built from P into totally ordered subsets of A. We illustrate our approach when P results from the aggregation of several preference structures. In that case, our procedure allows to identify nested blocks of alternatives expressing different levels of consensus.


This thesis examines how the first four asteroids (Ceres, Pallas, Juno and Vesta) were studied and written about in Great Britain in the early nineteenth century. It concentrates on the work of William Herschel, who pioneered the scientific study of the asteroids. Just as importantly, he introduced the word 'asteroid' to distinguish the new discoveries from planets and comets. Solving a mystery that has lasted for more than two hundred years, work for this thesis finally revealed the originator of the word 'asteroid'.

A synoptic survey of the asteroid-related correspondence between astronomers within England and between England and the Continent is presented, with some 140 letters noted, most of which are given in full. The asteroids were also given extraordinary press coverage in the periodicals of the day. Each one of these entries, totalling more than 125 scattered across 34 magazines and journals, is listed with the full text given for many of them.

Based on every extant source, this thesis presents the first detailed examination of the scientific and popular impact the discovery of the asteroids had on English astronomy in the early nineteenth century.


Abstract The effect of proton (5 MeV) bombardment at 300 K on the electrical properties of p-CdSiAs, and p-ZnSiAs, crystals are investigated. The resistivity near 300 K against dose curve shows an "anomaly". It goes through a maximum (p≈ 109-1011 ohm cm) at D = 5+1015 H+/cm2 and for D excess of 5 1015 H+/cm2 the electrical resistivity decreases with dose up to ∼ 103 ohm cm for D = 1017 H +/cm2. All heavy H+-irradiated samples of CdSiAs2 and ZnSiAs2 had near 300 K according to thermopower measurements p-type conductivity. It is suggested that the "impurity" band conduction takes place in the high proton damaged layers of CdSiAs2 and ZnSiAs2 compounds. Some annealing stages of donor- and acceptor-type defects are discovered in H +-irradiated samples.


Albumin-binding fusion partners are frequently used as a means for the in vivo half-life extension of small therapeutic molecules that would normally be cleared very rapidly from circulation. Howev ...


Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for detecting the principal agent in armillarisin amber acid ester (AAAE) injection. Methods RP-HPLC was performed on DL-C18 column(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm) with methanol:1% phosphoric acid:triethylamine (45:55:0.05) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min-1. The detection wavelength was 366 nm. Results The liner range of AAAE injection was 1~100 μg·mL-1,r=0.999 9. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the method was 0.46% and 1.97%,respectively and the mean extraction recovery was 102.25%. Conclusion The method is proved to be accurate,sensitive and reliable,which is suitable for the determination of AAAE in the injection.


........................................................................................................2 Dedication......................................................................................................3 Chapter 1: Introduction.......................................................................................4 Chapter 2: Literature Review and Theoretical Framework..............................................8 Chapter 3: Research Design.................................................................................23 Chapter 4: Application and Hearing Experiences........................................................31 Chapter 5: Settlement Services and Gaps.................................................................49 Chapter 6: Power and Resistance...........................................................................62 Chapter 7: Recommendations and Conclusion...........................................................75 Works Cited...................................................................................................78 Appendix A: Informed Consent Form.....................................................................83 Appendix B: Interview Guide..............................................................................86 Appendix C: Ethics Forms..................................................................................87


Postanaesthetic shivering is a frequent complication following general anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three doses of nefopam with clonidine and placebo in the prevention of postanaesthetic shivering. We studied 371 patients undergoing abdominal or orthopaedic surgery. Patients were allocated to one of five groups: Group A (n = 73) received 0.2 mg.kg−1 nefopam, Group B (n = 75) 0.1 mg.kg−1 nefopam, Group C (n = 76) 0.05 mg.kg−1 nefopam, Group D (n = 73) 1.5 μg.kg−1 clonidine, and Group E (n = 74) saline 0.9% as placebo. We found a significant reduction in the incidence of shivering in Group A compared to Group C and clonidine as well as to the placebo group. All active treatments reduced the incidence and the severity of shivering compared to placebo. At 5 min postoperatively clonidine‐treated patients showed a significant decrease in MAP and a significantly lower Aldrete score compared to all other groups. No haemodynamic or sedative adverse events were observed in the nefopam‐treated patients. The results of our study indicate that nefopam (0.2 mg.kg−1) is superior to clonidine (1.5 μg.kg−1) in the prophylaxis of postanaesthetic shivering and not accompanied by sedative or haemodynamic side‐effects.


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This is a general press release about the upcoming 1976 Mock Convention with a little history.


Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse the boundary tones of Spanish pronominal interrogative sentences produced by early bilingual speakers of Basque and Spanish. Based on a corpus of 50 informants, 25 of them with Spanish as L1 and 25 with Basque as L1, distributed over all provinces of the peninsular Basque Country, where the Basque language is known and used at present, we analyse the tonal configurations of all melodic curves of the corpus within the autosegmental metrical model and compare these configurations with those obtained with the same informants for the Basque language.


Abstract Aims Accumulating evidence indicates that aberrant expression of miR-107 plays a crucial role in cancers. This study aims to display the function of miR-107 and its novel target genes in the progression of lung cancer. Methods and Material MiR-107 or miR-107 inhibitor was transfected into lung cancer cells A549. The levels of miR-107 and TP53 regulated inhibition of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1) were examined by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis and Western Blot. Functionally, MTT and colony formation assays were carried out to test the effect of miR-107 inhibitor and/or small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting TRIAP1 mRNA on proliferation of lung cancer cells. Levels of miR-107 or TRIAP1 were detected in clinical lung cancer samples by using qRT-PCR analysis. Results QRT-PCR analysis revealed that miR-107 inhibitor or miR-107 was successfully transfected into A549 cells. Western Blot indicated that miR-107 decreased the expression of TRIAP1 protein in the cells. In contrast, miR-107 inhibitor augmented the levels of TRIAP1 protein. Functionally, miR-107 inhibitor remarkably suppressed A549 cell proliferation, whereas, TRIAP1 siRNAs could abrogate the miR-107 inhibitor-induced proliferation of cells. Then, we validated that TRIAP1 was increased in clinical lung cancer samples. MiR-107 expression was negatively related to TRIAP1 expression in clinical lung cancer samples. Conclusions MiR-107 suppresses cell proliferation by targeting TRIAP1 in lung cancer. Our finding allows new insights into the mechanisms of lung cancer that is mediated by miR-107.


This study focuses on the system dynamics and the state-of-charge (SOC) evaluation of a lithium battery module. The analysis and comparison of the differences between the linear model and the nonlinear model are carried out. Using AC impedance approach, the mathematical model can be established via a surveyed equivalent circuit. The linear model is thus constructed. With the nonlinear behavior investigated from experimental results, the nonlinear mathematical model is further established. Next, the measured nonlinear electric capacity of the battery module can be employed to derive the approach of nonlinear SOC evaluation. This research can precisely develop the nonlinear system model and evaluate the nonlinear SOC by analyzing the experimental data.


In this paper, we consider a stochastic decision problem for a system governed by a stochastic differential equation, in which an optimal decision is made so as to minimize a vector-valued accumulated cost over a finite-time horizon that is associated with the solution of a certain multi-dimensional backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE). Here, we also assume that the solution for such a multi-dimensional BSDE almost surely satisfies a backward stochastic viability property with respect to a given closed convex set. Moreover, under certain conditions, we establish the existence of an optimal solution, in the sense of viscosity solutions, to the associated system of semilinear parabolic partial differential equations.


With its great advantage in weight and volume, superconducting transformer is considered as potential candidate for the portable power station. To achieve a more compact design, the insulation properties of liquid nitrogen in real operation state is crucial. This paper firstly presents an AC withstand voltage test of liquid nitrogen under different kinds of electric field. Then the bubble influence on the macroscopic insulation performance of liquid nitrogen is analyzed based on finite element method. In addition, the effect of Sumoto effect at liquid surface is also studied by experiments. The results of this paper can be used in future design of compact superconducting transformers.


The advantages of frequency modulation (FM) systems are well recognized.' In an ideal situation, an FM system that is connected to a hearing aid (HA) maintains the frequency-output characteristics of the hearing aid and enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the listening environment. That said, a clinician who works with FM and hearing aids must evaluate if the addition of the FM results in the optimal use of the FM-HA combination. Specifically, the clinician must verify that: (1) the electroacoustics of FM and HA meet specifications (i.e., sufficiently broad bandwidth, no evidence of distortion, etc); (2) the coupling of the FM does not change the frequency response of the hearing aid in the various FM receiver positions (such as HA, FM, FM+HA) for the same stimulus input (i.e., transparency); and (3) the ratio of the FM output to the hearing aid output, when used in the FM+HA mode, is favorable. This last verification goal is also known as the SNR advantage of the FM in the FM+HA mode. h is i mportant for clinicians working with these two devices to know how to determine the FM/HA ratio and, when necessary, to adjust the sensitivity of the devices to achieve the optimal ratio. The implicit expectation is that the FM+HA mode will increase wearer satisfaction. Clinicians have sought to standardize the verification of FM systems when used with hearing aids. However, with the advent of digital signal processing (DSP) hearing aids, the parameters and protocols previously used to verify FMs and HAs may be inadequate. Digital processing can interact with the type and duration of the stimulus used, resulting in equivocal results. Furthermore, the type of FM system used, as well as the hearing aid analyzer used to measure transparency and FM/HA ratio, may affect the outcome of the verification. Kuk and Keenan evaluated the impact of stimulus duration and stimulus type on the reliability and validity of verification. 2 Integrating their findings, we will present in this article a three-step protocol for measuring both the transparency and the FM/HA ratio in one measurement session. Specifically, we will describe the protocol, provide


The use of open communication networks in wide-area power systems (WAPS) introduces random delays into the transmissions of frequency measurements and control signals, which deteriorate the load frequency control (LFC) performance. Current works focus on providing sufficient delay margin or proposing robust controller to maintain the WAPS stability. In this paper, a Smith predictor is designed to further compensate the LFC performance reduction caused by unreliable communication. Time delays are predicted via the discrete hidden Markov model (DHMM) and via the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) model, and are the input to the Smith predictor. The case study is carried out on a single-area WAPS with the Ethernet-based network, implemented via the Truetime simulator. The results show that the use of Smith predictor is more effective in eliminating load disturbances and enhances robustness against delays as compared to delay-margin-based and robust controllers. Furthermore, the Smith predictor using the DHMM can achieve better LFC performance than the one using the EWMA.


This abstract attempts to raise the question of whether current practices in digital preservation properly address the issues of findability of digital objects. It is also intended as a starting point for discussing preservation of digital information in contrast to digital data. The abstract is exploratory and informal.


In recent years, there has been increasing research in the field of three-dimensional (3D) computer graphics (CG) simulation in conjunction with CG development, as well as a demand for CG expressions related to food. This paper proposes a CG simulation method for the interaction between pasta (spaghetti) and pasta sauce. Simulating the interaction between noodles as string-like objects and pasta sauce as non-Newtonian fluids is difficult due to their mutually complex behaviors. In this paper, the noodles and the sauce are simulated through an elastic body simulation method called Vellum and the Fluid-Implicit-Particle (FLIP) method, respectively. Thereafter, these methods are combined to express the interaction between the noodles and the sauce.


A mathematical model was used to study how a parasitic castrating fungus affects the population dynamics of its host plant. The model is based on the interactions between the smut fungus Ustilago violacea and its host plant Lychnis viscaria. The model also includes the pollination process as this plays a central role in the transmission of the fungal spores between plants. Analysis of the model, with the disease absent, revealed that the pollinators have a limiting effect on the growth rate of the population. The model did not include any other density-dependent processes. A condition was calculated which had to be satisfied to enable the disease to invade the host population and it is shown that the disease must possess a minimum transmission potential to be able to invade the host population (...)


In the article the necessity to develop experimental web-project is substantiated as the model of multimedia elements use in interactive documentary films creation. The requirements to the project are formulated concerning, first of all, history world, structure nonlinearity, multimedia expressive means, and media platforms. The main characteristics of the interactive documentary film "Home – Nook of Thai Life" realized by the author are considered that satisfy these requirements. Special attention is paid to expressive means basing on innovative technologies.


Extensive studies of a steady-state tokamak reactor have been carried out on the superconducting tokamak TRIAM-1M. A discharge of lasting more than 2 h has been demonstrated using a 2.45 GHz lower hybrid current drive (LHCD). A high-density plasma of has been sustained for 1 min using a 8.2 GHz LHCD under the high average wall loading of on the limiter. Recently, a single-null divertor configuration with high elongation was also successfully maintained for 1 min by the 2.45 GHz LHCD. A transition of the ion temperature from 0.6 keV to about 2.5 keV is observed in 2.45 GHz LHCD plasmas; this operational regime is called the `high ion temperature (HIT)' mode. The `HIT' mode is characterized by the existence of a steep gradient near . It is found that the `HIT' mode appears in a narrow window of the electron density and horizontal plasma position. The `HIT' mode can be successfully maintained for over 1 min with accurate control of the density and position.