Being complex filling in the tunnel segments of the Yangzi River regulation project in Wuhan, it is difficult to cut.By analyzing the keystone and difficulties of incision construction, small-bore drill cutting deep tunnel construction technology is studied.The incision principle, construction techniques and construction efficiency are introduced.This technology not only fills a domestic blank in deep junk treatment of construction methods, but also has a great significance in improving the design and construction technology of deep junk treatment.


The dynamic pinning effects are significant in manipulating skymions in chiral magnetic materials with quenched disorder. Through numerical simulations of the non-stationary current-driven dynamics of skyrmions with the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation, the critical current, static and dynamic critical exponents of the depenning phase transition are accurately determined for both adiabatic and non-adiabatic spin-transfer torques and with different strengths of disorder, based on the dynamic scaling behavior far from stationary. We find that the threshold current is insensitive to a small non-adiabatic coefficient of the spin-transfer torque, but dramatically reduced for a large one. The critical exponents indicate that the critical dynamic behavior is robust for different spin-transfer torques in the perpendicular component of the Hall motion, while exhibits a weak universality class in the direction of the driving current. The anisotropic behavior around the depinning phase transition provides a quantitative analysis of the drive-dependent skyrmion Hall effect in experiments. Further, the theoretical analysis using the Thiele's approach is presented, and the critical current and the static exponents support the simulation results.


The effect of variable concentrations of dissolved molecular carbon dioxide, [CO2,aq], on C:N:P ratios in marine phytoplankton was studied in batch cultures under high light, nutrient‐replete conditions at different irradiance cycles. The elemental composition in six out of seven species tested was affected by variation in [CO2,aq]. Among these species, the magnitude of change in C:N:P was similar over the experimental CO2 range. Differences in both cell size and day length‐dependent growth rate had little effect on the critical CO2 concentration below which a further decrease in [CO2,aq] led to large changes in C:N:P ratios. Significant CO2‐related changes in elemental ratios were observed at [CO2,aq] ≪ 10 μmol kg-1 and correlated with a CO2‐dependent decrease in growth rate. At [CO2,aq] typical for ocean surface waters, variation in C:N:P was relatively small under our experimental conditions. No general pattern for CO2‐related changes in the elemental composition could be found with regard to the direction of trends. Either an increase or a decrease in C:N and C:P with increasing [CO2,aq] was observed, depending on the species tested. Diurnal variation in C:N and C:P, tested in Skeletonema costatum, was of a similar magnitude as CO2‐related variation. In this species, the CO2 effect was superimposed on diurnal variation, indicating that differences in elemental ratios at the end of the photoperiod were not caused by a transient buildup of carbon‐rich storage compounds due to a more rapid accumulation of carbohydrates at high CO2 concentrations. If our results obtained under high light, nutrient‐replete conditions are representative for natural phytoplankton populations, CO2‐related changes in plankton stoichiometry are unlikely to have a significant effect on the oceanic carbon cycle.


EditEd by Siegfried Kasper Stuart Montgomery Tatm entsistant D epssion Eited by K aper nd M otgom ry Successful management of patients with treatment-resistant depression requires a thorough understanding of the biological basis for both the depression and its failure to respond to standard treatments. This book clearly and succinctly summarizes the latest scientific research and its applications in clinical practice.


This paper deal with the use of fuzzy sets whose shape evolves as the error to construct a robust PDC fuzzy controller for nonlinear system in continuous time described by the T-S fuzzy model. This controller is based on time-Varying Fuzzy Sets (VFS) characterized by the displacement of the support points to both right and left side of the universe of discourse, and they are directed by a well-defined criterion. This note focuses only on the displacement of the midpoint of the universe. The functions defining these displacements are determined by an adaptive temporal Lyapunov function depending on the error, that is the difference between desired and current system response evolves.


This paper describes the current state, the process, and the attitudes of cooperation between Kherson National Technical University and game industry companies in the frame of Erasmus+ project "University-Enterprises Cooperation in Game Industry in Ukraine" (GameHub). The work on the project in Kherson National Technical University is reported in the paper. It covers monitoring of the competence profiles needed on the game industry market, creating necessary infrastructure and developing the relevant curricula, study programs, education resources, and organization of the feedback loop with game industry enterprises. One of the priorities is to equip students with soft competencies needed for game industry such as creativity and academic integrity. The paper also presents the actual cooperation results, which could be helpful for Ukrainian higher education sector to respond to current and future education needs because mutually beneficial and sustainable university-enterprises cooperation can achieve a better match between competence profile of university graduates and those required by game industry.


It applied a new method of the variable damp fuzzy feedback, synthesized a new structure of the variable damp fuzzy feedback controller for aeroengine control, introduced the principle,design method,structure and function.The result of simulation indicate that this kind of controller is quite approving.


The Navier-Stokes differential equations describe the motion of fluids which are incompressible. The three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations misbehave very badly although they are relatively simple-looking. The solutions could wind up being extremely unstable even with nice, smooth, reasonably harmless initial conditions. A mathematical understanding of the outrageous behaviour of these equations would dramatically alter the field of fluid mechanics. This paper describes why the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are not solvable, i.e., the equations cannot be used to model turbulence, which is a three-dimensional phenomenon. The general equations of motion for a viscous fluid were obtained by Sir George Stokes in 1845. The following is the fundamental equation (in vectorial form) governing the flow of a viscous fluid:∂v + (v.▽)v = 1▽Pe ▽φ + η▽2v , ∂t p p where v is the velocity of the fluid (as a function of position), Pe the pressure, φ the gravitational potential, p the density and η the viscosity. The scientist normally makes a forecast of the outcome of a flow and uses the NavierStokes equations to model this forecast. However, in the instance of turbulence, making this forecast will be fraught with difficulty, if it can be carried out at all. Putting it another way, if turbulence could be forecasted, predicted and described by the Navier-Stokes equations it could not be turbulence, for turbulence implies puzzlement, lack of order or pattern and lack of predictability. The Navier-Stokes equations are nonlinear due to the acceleration terms such as u∂u/∂x. As a result, the solution to these equations may not be unique. For instance, the flow between two rotating cylinders can be solved using the Navier-Stokes equations to treat a relatively simple flow with circular streamlines; it can also be a flow with streamlines which are like a spring wound around the cylinders as a torus; there are also more complex flows which are solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations, all satisfying the identical boundary conditions. For simple geometries, the Navier-Stokes equations can be solved with relative ease. However, the equations cannot be solved for a turbulent flow even for the simplest of examples. A turbulent flow is highly unsteady, nonlinear and three-dimensional and therefore requires that the three velocity components be specified at all points in a region of interest at some initial time, say t = 0. But, even for the simplest geometry, such ____________________________ Copyright © Bertrand Wong, 2012


A modeling method for nonlinear dynamic system based on Least Wilcoxn learning method( LW) was proposed. The nonlinear dynamic system is discribed by Hammerstein model expressed by a nonlinear static subunit followed by a linear dynamic subunit. Through the function expansion,the nonlinear transfer function of Hammerstein model is converted to the equivalent linear form to generate the intermediate linear model. By LW method,coefficients of the intermediate model are obtained. According to the relations between coefficients of intermediate model and that of Hammerstein model,parameters of the nonlinear static subunit and linear dynamic subunit are derived. The original nonlinear dynamic system is modeled. The proposed method has better robustness than least square( LS) method to identify the intermediate model,when there exists disturbance in output signal of the system.


Behavioural Interviewing was implemented across 440 Starwood Hotels and Resorts in 2005/2006. The roll-out was a huge undertaking within the company and one of the first major global HR initiatives under a new Vice President of Human Resources.
The aims of the research was to establish if the introduction of the Behavioural Interview selection tool was an improvement on the previous traditional model and review the overall impact it has had on the Starwood Hotels in Ireland Scandinavia business units.


[Objective]To explore the reasons for the increasing rate of cesarean section and its safety.[Methods]Retrospective analysis was made on the indications and complications of 459 cases of cesarean section during the period of February 2003 to February 2005 in Heping Women's Hospital of Tianjin.[Results]The 459 cases of cesarean section occupied 45.9% of the total amount of parturients(1001 cases),among which 409 cases were primipara(89.1%),50 cases were pluripara(10.9%);incidence of hemorrhage and infections among the cesarean section was significantly higher than that among the vaginal delivery(P0.01).[Conclusion]In order to reduce the rate of cesarean section and complications,to master the indications of cesarean section and improve the midwifery techniques is quite necessary.


In 2015, the European geographic and political space faced culmination of one of the greatest migration crises in its history, which particularly affected the politically vulnerable region of Southeast Europe as a traditional area of migration movements. These statements gain more importance if we take into consideration the fact that Southeast Europe, as an area of traditional interlocking of geopolitical force lines, nowadays is additionally burdened with security challenges, which makes its geostrategic position more important. Moreover, as it is affected by the migrant crisis in the north and the east, and considering tourism as one of its core economic activities, the Republic of Croatia must pay special attention to maintaining an image of a safe tourist destination, although Croatian tourist destinations like Istria and Dalmatia are not directly affected by the migrant crisis. Therefore, the authors discuss geostrategic and security aspects as well as the probabilities of Dalmatia's exposure to the effects of the recent migrant crisis. In fact, the authors in the article confirm that the physical-geographical features and political-territorial fragmentation in immediate neighbourhood do not make Dalmatia as an attractive solution for migratory movements. However, the authors also conclude that the political instability of the neighbourhood, which is potentially strengthened by the impact of the migrant movements, with the great potential of conflict at the ethno-religious level, may produce new security challenges in Southeast Europe and indirectly in Dalmatia as well.


The design requirement for the 50 kt industrial salt yard is outlined.For the fact that the site is nearly square shape as well as the features of the yard machinery,The features of three typical reclaimers —— bucket-wheel stacker reclaimer,round yard reclaimer and top piling side taking round yard reclaimer,the flow of industrial salt into the yard and the salt dissolving system of the primary brine,as well as the equipment layout in the yard is introduced.It is considered that the salt yard design scheme using the top piling and side taking round yard reclaimer is a recommended scheme,though it involves larger investment,the operating cost is low,the land utilization is high,and the emergency measures can ensure normal operation of the system.


The evolution of electric field dependent dynamic ferroelectric hysteresis area of aged and de-aged un-doped polycrystalline BaTiO3 (BTO) is studied. It is observed that the field exponent of aged sample is significantly different as compared to de-aged BTO at low strengths of applied electric field. The observations are discussed in terms of orientation of defect dipoles and it is suggested that the relation between hysteresis area (A) and the electric fields in aged samples is of the form⟨A⟩∝(E±EI ) n , where E is the applied electric field; EI is the internal bias field generated due to defect diploes and n is the scaling exponent.


Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most frequent type of aggressive lymphoma. Deletions of the CDKN2A locus, encoding the proteins CDKN2A (P16), P14ARF, and of the CDKN2B locus, encoding the protein CDKN2B (P15), affect one‐third of DLBCL patients. Although other mechanisms that decrease gene expression have been reported, such as promoter methylation, the prognostic value of these mechanisms is still unclear. We studied the deletion and methylation status of these genes in 171 patients and correlated the genomic results with their mRNA expression level and clinical outcome. CDKN2A, P14ARF, and CDKN2B deletions were significantly correlated with decreased mRNA expression (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.0148, respectively). P14ARF was methylated in only two patients (1.3%), whereas CDKN2A and CDKN2B were methylated in 36.7 and 31.4% of patients, respectively. Methylation levels greater than 25% were associated with decreased expression of CDKN2A (P = 0.0169). CDKN2A and CDKN2B inactivation by deletion or methylation was observed in 42.7 and 37.4% of cases, respectively. Including P14ARF deletions, we identified an inactivating mechanism for at least one of these genes in 47% of patients. Although gene inactivation was not correlated with the international prognostic index, P14ARF and CDKN2B inactivation was significantly associated with shorter survival (P = 0.0048 and P = 0.0413, respectively), whereas CDKN2A was not (P = 0.085). Low mRNA expression levels of these genes were correlated with the ABC phenotype. Furthermore, our results show that an inactivating methylation was more frequent in the GCB phenotype. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Ida Hageman, MD, is a part-time Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Copenhagen. Her major clinical and research interests are the neurobiology of stress and how stress transduces into psychopathology, especially affective disorders and anxiety disorders. She has worked clinically and preclinically with electroconvulsive therapy in an effort to elucidate some of the underlying mechanisms of actions. Dr Hageman is the present President of The Danish Society of Biological Psychiatry.


Livestock management is an emerging area of application of the quadrotor, especially for monitoring, counting, detecting, recognizing, and tracking animals through image or video footage. The autonomous operation of the quadrotor requires the development of an obstacle avoidance scheme to avoid collisions. This research develops an obstacle avoidance-based autonomous navigation of a quadrotor suitable for outdoor applications in livestock management. A Simulink model of the UAV is developed to achieve this, and its transient and steady-state performances are measured. Two genetic algorithm-based PID controllers for the quadrotor altitude and attitude control were designed, and an obstacle avoidance algorithm was applied to ensure the autonomous navigation of the quadrotor. The simulation results show that the quadrotor flies to the desired altitude with a settling time of 6.51 s, an overshoot of 2.65%, and a steady-state error of 0.0011 m. At the same time, the attitude controller records a settling time of 0.43 s, an overshoot of 2.50%, and a zero steady-state error. The implementation of the obstacle avoidance scheme shows that the distance threshold of 1 m is sufficient for the autonomous navigation of the quadrotor. Hence, the developed method is suitable for managing livestock with the average size of an adult sheep.


This paper investigates the relationship between government spending and private consumption of Bangladesh over the period 1973-2008. Based on a theoretical model of two-good permanent income which allows for random preference shocks in the consumer's intra-period utility function, our analysis confirms that there is a cointegration relationship between government expenditure and private consumption. Furthermore, we identify that expansionary government spending incompletely crowds out private consumption with the degree of 0.31. This result suggests that people inversely rearrange their consumption in response to a change in government expenditure over time, although the degree of the response is still weak.


PV-Battery systems offer a viable technological alternative to intermittent, stand-alone PV systems when deployed at the residential level. PV-Battery systems allow households to significantly reduce their reliance on the electric grid by storing excess electricity generated from theu solar panels for self-consumption. This study investigates the extent to which residential PV-Battery systems offer economic and environmental benefits to Massachusetts homeowners throughout their operational lifetime. Using spreadsheet models, I represent the energy flows, cash flows, and greenhouse gas emissions associated with residential PV-Battery systems in Massachusetts under different economic and technological assumptions. Results indicate that these systems are a viable means for homeowners to save money and reduce their carbon footprint. Economic performance of residential PV-Battery systems is deeply impacted by federal and state subsidies, as well as net metering offerings and electricity rate structures. System size also offers certain tradeoffs between economic and environmental performance.


This thesis focuses on the development of deep learning-based image processing techniques for the detection and segmentation of fetal structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3D ultrasound (US) images of singleton and twin pregnancies. Special attention is laid on monochorionic twins affected by the twinto-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), which is characterized by the presence of blood vessels located on the surface of the shared placenta. One of the most effective treatments for TTTS is fetoscopic laser photocoagulation, which consists in clogging the blood vessels connecting the twins. Due to the complexity of this intervention, a conscious preoperative planning becomes essential. In particular, selecting the best entry point for the fetoscope, in order to be able to reach all the anastosomes, is key for the intervention.
We propose the first TTTS fetal surgery planning and simulation platform, which incorporates novel algorithms into a flexible C++ and MITK-based application. The software allows full exploration of the intrauterine environment by simulating the fetoscope camera as well as the laser ablation, helping to determine the best entry point for the fetoscope, and training surgeons' movements and trajectories ahead of operation.
Different approaches are utilized to automatically segment the mother's soft tissue, uterus, placenta, its peripheral blood vessels, and umbilical cord from multiple (axial, sagittal and coronal) MRI views or a super-resolution reconstruction. In particular, 3D Gabor filters, texture features and Support Vector Machines are employed for placenta segmentation, and curvature-based corner detector for peripheral vessels detection. The mother's womb is localized and subsequently segmented using reinforcement learning and capsule networks. Finally, the cord is tackled through 3D convolutional networks with long short-term memory (LSTM).
Complementarily, (conditional) generative adversarial networks (GANs) are used for segmentation of fetal structures from (3D) US. A cascade (stack) of GANs is implemented to simultaneously generate synthetic fetal US images from normal and pathological cases, perform multi-class segmentation of the placenta, ecographic shadows, and the peripheral blood vessels, and finally reconstruct (compensate) placenta acoustic shadows. The umbilical cord insertion is also localized from color Doppler US.
Finally, we present a comparative study of deep-learning approaches and Radiomics over the segmentation performance of several fetal and maternal anatomies in both MRI and 3D US. With regard to Radiomics, ninety-four radiomics features are utilized, the optimal ones for each anatomy are identified and fed into a Support Vector Machine with instance balancing.
The work in this thesis has been validated on a large database of clinical cases, with successful results. Although experiments are oriented towards TTTS, results indicate that these methodologies could be extended to other fetal disorders.


This paper contains an overview of a study into the incorporation of legal knowledge in an expert system, the substantiation of the model of legal knowledge used to build the system and the qualitative and quantitative improvements in legal practice that may be expected of such a system. The concept of legal knowledge is given a theoretical foundation, formalised by means of inferential logic (the Logic of Reasonable Inferences), and operationalised with IT techniques. The resultant Argumentator legal expert system shell has been filled with information concerning Environmental Permit Law to create the Legal Expert System for Environmental Permit Law (ESM). The system has been tested against forty cases that were ruled on in the past. This test indicates that the ESM is a good description of legal practice and may also have an important supplementary function. The supplementary function rests on the ESM?s more comprehensive collection of relevant data and more thorough application of the relevant rules, and on its ability to indicate the scope for decision-making, to provide better arguments for the decisions it makes, and to provide better information to the parties involved in Environmental Permit Law procedures.


© 2015, Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum. All rights reserved. Concentrations of particulate matter tend to vary with shifting seasons. Levels of particulate matter were monitored during the summer and winter season in Khanspur, a high altitude tourist resort in Pakistan. A DustTrak DRX (Model 8533, TSI Inc.) and Kestrel 4500 Pocket Weather Tracker (Nielsen- Kellerman) were installed at selected site in Khanspur and run for 24 hours. During summer the 24- hour average concentrations of PM 1 , PM 2.5 , PM 4 , PM 10 and PMTotal were 96 ± 26.42, 106± 29.02, 118± 33.3, 163± 52.5 and 209 ± 79.5 μg/m3 while these were considerably lower during the winter season for the same size fractions (62 ± 48.6, 63± 49.3, 63 ± 49.5, 65.33 ± 50.06 and 66.96 ± 50.78μg/m3). A one way ANOVA was applied on the obtained data and it was concluded that seasons have a substantial impact upon PM concentrations. Moreover, this study provides evidence that seasonal variation of particulate matter is influenced by meteorological parameters.


A capacitor-enhancement network is proposed as a means of reducing the physical dimensions of very low-frequency RC active filters. The enhanced capacitor has the advantage that it can be resistively trimmed to yield capacitance values with accuracies similar to those of resistors.


INTRODUCTION: MRI-MRCP becomes the standard technique of noninvasive investigation of the biliary tree to visualize ductal dilatation, strictures as well as intraluminal filling defects. (1) U\S is usually used as the initial investigation in patients suspected of obstructive jaundice & can be used for follow up imaging after treatment. It is non-invasive, lacks radiation exposure & widely available. (2) Disadvantages of MRI include; being not widely available, expensive, can not be done in claustrophobic patients or with aneurysm clips or cardiac pacemakers. Fluid collections external to the biliary & pancreatic ducts, such as ascites, may obscure the region of interest or


The promotion and protection of human rights has become a global standard often employed to measure a country's commitment to democracy and good governance.With the flexibility of the human rights jurisprudence, the right to food is increasingly becoming an acceptable universal norm designed to aid in the realization of a number
of socio-economic rights and address the critical challenges facing many developing countries, including Nigeria.However, it is an emerging right that is gradually evolving, and like most emerging rights, there are pressing challenges militating against its realization in national legal systems. Although recognized as a right in Nigeria, there are governance, institutional and legal hurdles towards its realization. The general state of
socio-economic rights in Nigeria may be linked to the increasing poor governance and corresponding underdevelopment, poverty, inequality, malnutrition and deaths.Drawing from the developments in India, Brazil and South Africa and using the provisions of the 1999 constitution, and other relevant domestic and international instruments on the right to food, the paper argues that the realization of this important right largely depends on the ideal of good governance. In this regard, it identifies the legal hurdles to its realization and argues that given the importance of food to human survival, the right to
food should be placed on an equal pedestal with all recognized legal rights in Nigeria.The paper recommends a constitutional amendment, judicial activism and adherence to the ideals of the rule of law, good governance and constitutionalism for effective realization of the right to food in Nigeria.The paper also recommends the enactment of
a legislation on food security in the country.


The O/sup 0/ K heats of formation (..delta..H/sup 0//sub fo/) in kcal/mol of CHS/sup +/ (233), CH/sub 2/S/sup +/ (235), CH/sub 3/S/sup +/ (215), C/sub 2/H/sub 3/S/sup +/ (217), C/sub 2/H/sub 4/S/sup +/ (222), C/sub 3/H/sub 5/S/sup +/ (214), and C/sub 4/H/sub 7/S/sup +/ (241) have been measured by dissociative photoionization of a number of precursor molecules. Because the ..delta..H/sup 0//sub fo/ (C/sub 2/H/sub 4/S/sup +/) is significantly lower than the known ..delta..H/sup 0//sub fo/ (c-C/sub 2/H/sub 4/S/sup +/) of 232 kcal/mol, we conclude that the C/sub 2/H/sub 4/S/sup +/ product ion has the thioacetaldehyde structure. Combining this with the known ionization energy of thioacetaldehyde gives us the first experimentally measured heat of formation of the thioacetaldehyde molecule which was found to be 15 kcal/mol at O/sup 0/ K. This compares to a ..delta..H/sup 0//sub fo/ (C-C/sub 2/H/sub 4/S) = 23 kcal/mol. Another study involved some of the oxygen analogues of the above sulfur compounds. We have synthesized a new series of vinyloxy sulfides, sulfoxides, and sulfones and have obtained estimates of the ..pi.. electron distribution at the vinylic carbons using /sup 13/C NMR spectoscopy. These results have significant implications regarding the strength of S-C bonds in unsaturated organosulfur moleculesmore » capable of exhibiting enhanced stability resulting from (2p..-->..3d)..pi.. overlap compared to the saturated analogs. An /sup 33/S NMR investigation of some of the organosulfur compounds indicate that conversion of sulfenyl sulfur to sulfonyl sulfur (-S- ..-->.. -SO/sub 2/ -) causes the /sup 33/S line widths to diminish so that rapid and accurate sulfur analyses (as sulfones) of organosulfur constituents in coal and petroleum are possible.« less


Almost all existing RFID authentication schemes (tag/reader) are vulnerable to relay attacks, because of their inability to estimate the distance to the tag. These attacks are very serious since it can be mounted without the notice of neither the reader nor the tag and cannot be prevented by cryptographic protocols that operate at the application layer. Distance bounding protocols represent a promising way to thwart relay attacks, by measuring the round trip time of short authenticated messages. All the existing distance bounding protocols use random number generator and hash functions at the tag side which make them inapplicable at low cost RFID tags. This paper proposes a lightweight distance bound protocol for low cost RFID tags. The proposed protocol based on modified version of Gossamer mutual authentication protocol. The implementation of the proposed protocol meets the limited abilities of low-cost RFID tags.


We recently reported spinal blood flow–metabolism uncoupling in the Cu/Zn‐superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)‐transgenic (Tg) mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), suggesting relative hypoxia in the spinal cord. However, the hypoxic stress sensor pathway in ALS has not been well studied. In the present work, we examined the temporal and spatial changes of hypoxic stress sensor proteins (Siah‐1, PHD3, and FIH) following motor neuron (MN) degeneration in the spinal cord of normoxic ALS mice. The expression of Siah‐1 and PHD3 proteins progressively increased in the surrounding glial cells of presymptomatic Tg mice (10 weeks, 10 weeks) compared with the large MN of the anterior horn. In contrast, a significant reduction in Siah‐1 and PHD3 protein expression was evident in end‐stage ALS mice (18 weeks, 18 weeks). Double‐immunofluorescence analysis revealed PHD3 plus Siah‐1 double‐positive cells in the surrounding glia of symptomatic Tg mice (14–18 weeks), with no change in the large MNs. In contrast, FIH protein expression decreased in the surrounding glial cells of Tg mice at end‐stage ALS (18 weeks). The present study suggests a partial loss in the neuroprotective response of spinal MNs in ALS results from a relative hypoxia through the Siah‐1, PHD3, and FIH system under normoxic conditions. This response could be an important mechanism of neurodegeneration in ALS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The BP neural network algorithm used in approximation of function has two shortcomings: the one is its slower convergence rate and the other is its falling into the local minimum. In order to solve the problems, a new method is proposed in this paper and is complicated on a typical complex system – the synthetic ammonia decarbonisation industrial process. The main issue of the proposed approach is on modelling and optimisation of the radial basis function (RBF) neural network based on particle filter algorithm. The learning capability and the advantage of particle filtering algorithm on processing non-linear system are used and the modelling and optimisation of RBF neural network based on particle filter is present. Furthermore, some simulation studies with calcination section have been done. The simulation result shows the superiority of the RBF neural network based on particle filter algorithm. It provides an efficient way for the complex system modelling and optimisation control research. Both the experimental results and the application validate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.


This study discusses on problems of quantity and types of public housing, which is expected to occur with increase of aged inhabitants and one-person households. Firstly, the necessary number of units of public housing in Kanazawa is estimated. Secondly, based on the results of the estimation, we run a simulation to explain how long and how many units we need when the percentage of the units for oneperson households is raised to 80% in Kanazawa municipal housing. As a result, the necessary number of units increases until 2025 and subsequent policy development needs to reconsideration later. On the other hand, it takes about 45 years until the number of units for single person accounts for 80% by rebuilding. Moreover, municipality should address quickly the problem of an increase of old buildings.


Born in the effervescence of the social and protest movements of the 1970s, the Théâtre Parminou quickly defined its identity around a desire to move beyond the closed world of mainstream institutional theatre. From its foundation in May 1973 by the graduates of the Conservatories of Dramatic Art of Quebec and Montreal, the troupe's mandate has been to create and tour works, in a popular theatre format, that take up the social problems of its era.


The invention relates to a supercritical water fuel combustion device. The supercritical water fuel combustion device comprises a water atomizer and a combustion chamber, wherein a water decomposer and a nozzle are arranged in the combustion chamber, the water decomposer is a section of bent pipeline which is arranged in front of the nozzle, atomization water molecules are injected in the bent pipeline, an outlet of the water decomposer is connected with the nozzle, and an inlet of the water decomposer is connected with the water atomizer; the nozzle is also connected with a fuel pipeline. The supercritical water fuel combustion device has the advantages that the technique is simple, cost is low, products generated after combustion do not pollute the environment, energy is saved, and environmental friendliness is achieved.


The nature-colored rabbit hair which do not need dyeing,can be used to develop many kinds of products.The properties of the nature-colored rabbit hair were tested and analyzed in this paper.Meanwhile,the spinning process of the semi-worsted rabbit yarn on the cotton spinning frame and the properties of nature-colored rabbit yarn;moreover,the weaving and knitting process on the sample loom were presented in the paper.


Sir: The article of Wall et al. in the International Journal of STD & AIDS (2006) described determinants of risky sexual behaviour in Russia in the light of the HIV epidemic. We found it interesting to interview some of the immigrants to Bavaria Federal State of Germany from the countries of the Former Soviet Union (FSU) with a high prevalence of HIV, following their HIV diagnosis, about their attitude toward HIV/AIDS. There have been no studies on the subject involving FSU immigrants with HIV infection to Western Europe or America. Germany is one of the European countries with a high number of FSU immigrants. In the last 18 years over two million ethnic German resettlers, Jewish refugees and their relatives immigrated to Germany, and the immigration process is still going on. Russia, Kazakhstan and Ukraine were the three most common countries of origin for ethnic German resettlers in 2005 (n 1⁄4 35,396), with 59.6, 31.7 and 3.7%, respectively. In 2005 UNAIDS estimated the HIV prevalence in sexually active people aged 15–49 years in Ukraine, Estonia, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Moldova as the highest in East Europe, at 1.4, 1.3, 1.1 and 1.1%, respectively. The number of HIV-positive FSU immigrants in Germany is not published, but an increasing number of HIV diagnoses in immigrants newly arrived from the FSU regions with a high prevalence of HIV infection is to be expected in the next years. Since the beginning of 2004, six FSU immigrants have been diagnosed with HIV infection at our Department of Dermatology. A 1.0–1.5 h semi-structured interviews in Russian (a common language in the post Soviet Union area) were conducted with four of them after obtaining their written consent:


No-show reduction at restaurants can not only mitigate losses incurred when customers fail to honor a booking but also affect consumers' reservation behaviors. This study analyzed the ability of restaurant booking policies to mitigate no-shows as well as their negative impacts. A survey was conducted to understand the booking policies of the Taiwanese restaurant industry. The findings indicated that each sector of the restaurant industry possesses unique characteristics.


Abstract 4980 Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by clonal expansion of malignant bone marrow cells producing a unique monoclonal immunoglobulin. However, immunoglobulin isotype switching (IS) has been reported during follow-up of patients with MM. Its clinical significance has not been established well. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of the patients with IS and outcomes in those patients in a single center cohort. Patients and Methods: A total of 377 consecutive MM patients were treated at the Asan Medical Center between January 2002 and June 2012. We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes between those with and without IS. Results: Of the 377 patients, 34 (9%) demonstrated IS after a median 7. 9 months (range, 2. 2–95. 7 months) from diagnosis. These 34 patients with IS comprised 18. 2% (27/148) of patients treated with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and 3. 1% (7/229) of patients treated without ASCT (P Conclusions: We confirmed higher frequency of IS in those who underwent ASCT and favorable prognosis in those experiencing IS. Its significance and underlying mechanism warrants further investigation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The present article analyses the paraense student movement during the military regime from 1964 to 1985, as well as its alternative of communication through which strategic information of mobilizations and actions of the category, contrary to the new established order, circ performance of two newspapers elaborated by the Federal University of Par (UFPA) students are highlighted: O university students found, in this press, a way of making the persecutions suffered in the Guamá campus, involving students and professors considered subversive, known. In the page


[7‐(Dimethylamino)coumarin‐4‐yl]methyl (DMACM) and [7‐(diethylamino)coumarin‐4‐yl]methyl (DEACM) esters of 8bromoadenosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (8‐Br‐cAMP) and 8bromoguanosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (8‐Br‐cGMP) are described as novel caged compounds for 8bromo‐substituted cyclic nucleotides. Synthesis is accomplished by treatment of the free acids of the cyclic nucleotides with the corresponding 7(dialkylamino)‐substituted 4(diazomethyl)coumarins. Irradiation of the DMACM‐ and DEACM‐caged cyclic nucleotides with UV light stimulates the release of the cyclic nucleotides within roughly a nanosecond. The new caged compounds are resistant to hydrolysis in aqueous buffers and exhibit long‐wavelength absorption properties with maxima at 400 nm, high extinction coefficients, and high quantum yields (0.15–0.31). Their favorable properties render these compounds the most efficient and rapid phototriggers of 8bromo‐substituted cyclic nucleotides known. The usefulness of the compounds for physiological studies under nondamaging light conditions was examined in HEK293 cells expressing the α subunit of the cyclic‐nucleotide‐gated (CNG) channel of cone photoreceptors (CNGA3) and of olfactory neurons (CNGA2) by using confocal laser scanning microscopy and the patch clamp technique.


Background: Filariais a serious and often underestimated public health problem. inspite of existence of the national filarial control programme since 1955, It is important to understand the change in mf rates in Indian community over time specially after initiation of mdaprogramme to develop effective prevention strategies. Aims and Objectives: To study the factors and circumstances related to change in mf rate in indian community over time after initiation of mda in 2004. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in 19 villages of hingnataluka Nagpur, Maharashtra. A do between 2000 to 2300 hours for 5 years door to door survey is conducted in selected localities between 1st January 2011 to 30 august 2016 for detection of micofilaria in blood peripheral night blood survey were conducted once in a monthTo detect all microfilaria carrier and to study the microfilaria prevalence an attempt was made to cover entire population by mass blood survey. 3 rounds of monthly night surveys were conducted to cover 19 villages during 2011-16, each village was surveyed thrice during this period to monitor change in MF rate over time. Oral informed consent was taken from all patients. Mosquito surveys were carried out and vector infection rates monitored for six years (2011–2016). Mosquitoes were collected at monthly intervals in all 19 study villages. In each village, mosquitoes were collected through a mechanical aspirator from 12 fixed, spending about 15 min per household Culexquinquefasciatus, were dissected in the laboratory at filarial research cum training centre Nagpur .The number of different stage filarial larvae (Mf/L1/L2/L3) present in each body part was recorded. The vector infection (% of dissected mosquitoes with Mf/L1/L2/L3) and infectivity (% of dissected mosquitoes with L3) rates were computed. Results: Out of 24030 population covered in round 1, 17033 samples were collected and examined, 115 sample were found to be MF positive, during round 2 population of 24689 was covered, 18558 samples were collected and examined, 95 samples were found positive, during round 3 population of 24872 was covered, 18635 samples were collected and examined, 62 samples were found positive. Conclusions: In the Nagpur district more than five rounds of MDA have been completed. Present survey shows an overall mf rate of 0.33 in round 3 which is less than 1, younger age group found negative for mf indicates impacts of mda in hingnataluka. Highest mf rate of was noted in the age group of 15–39yr Coverage of MDA have improved over last 10 years as per DMO office Nagpur, MDA clearly have a positive impact over MF rate in area As current mf rate is below 1 and still on decreasing trend .


Quantum meshworks for long-distance call communication and circularised cyphering involve nodes which are adequate to of putting in and action in quantum entropy. Transferrable communication systems inspired the direction of people intercommunicate. Development of radio receiver admittance technologies comprises approximately to accomplish its 4th generation (4G) and the 5G transferrable network will focus on the evolution of the exploiter terminals where the poles will feature admittance to dissimilar radio receiver technologies simultaneously and will aggregate dissimilar flows from dissimilar technologies. Looking past, radio-communication admittance technologies have accompanied a different evolutionary tracks pointed at coordinated object accompanying functioning and efficiency in eminent moveable surroundings The problem in mobile communication equipment comprises to constitute communication by employing bounded absolute frequency and resourcefulness's. Adjacent propagation 5G mobile communication constitutes entirely planned aside beamforming scheme. This changeable communication framework employs IEEE 802.11ac criterion. In that framework phase angle range aerial constitutes exploited to make communication between home station and mobile devices. The simulation result show that 5G nanocore quantum network provides efficient results compare to unspecialized quantum network interms of SINR, Throughput and Latency.


This paper gives a quantitative account of operating performance for two representative oscillator circuits, one of single tube type and the other of two-tube balanced type. Wavelength (approximately 3 meters) was measured by two independent methods. Efficiency and stability were measured under various plate, grid and filament voltage conditions. Normal efficiency values ranged from 20 per cent to 40 per cent. Under certain conditions the single tube circuit was more efficient, while under certain other conditions the balanced circuit was more efficient; under most conditions the efficiencies were about equal. In stability the two circuits were about equal; frequency variations were less than 1 per cent, while output variations rarely exceeded 2 per cent.


A synthesis of fault-activity data for Utah reveals general spatial and temporal patterns in Holocene-latest Pleistocene faulting along the eastern boundary of the Basin and Range Province. A 200-km-wide region in northern Utah centered on the Wasatch fault zone has a preferred recurrence-rate estimate of 6.7 surface-faulting events per 10[sup 4] yr per 10[sup 4] km[sup 2] for the past [approximately]15 ka. This contrasts with a less well-constrained estimate of 1.3 events per 10[sup 4] yr per 10[sup 4] km[sup 2] for the province boundary in southern Utah. Longer-term rates of activity in these two contiguous regions of extension appear to be similar, as indicated by similarities in Quaternary slip rates for major faults, and lower than the Holocene-latest Pleistocene rate in northern Utah. Acceleration of activity in northern Utah may reflect changes in crustal loading caused by the rise and fall of pluvial Lake Bonneville, as has been suggested for specific faults in the region. Post-Bonneville faulting concentrates on the medial segments of the Wasatch fault zone, which represent only [approximately]15% of faults active during this period in northern Utah but account for half of the region's surface-faulting events. A prominent east-west-trending zone of faulting that crosses the southmore » end of the northern Utah region shows evidence for clustering of events during two periods -- latest Pleistocene to early Holocene and late Holocene. Temporal clustering of surface faulting within this east-west-trending zone may reflect episodes of movement on extensive, low-angle detachment faults that underlie higher-angle faults in this portion of the state.« less


Status of phosphorus (P) in soils is depending on various factors like land management, soil texture and type. Present study has been conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of P fertilizers and its residues on soybean growth and yield. Study was conducted in two planting seasons (PS). In the first planting season (PS-1) four doses of P fertilizer i.e. 0, 200, 400 and 600 kg/ha SP-36 were used. While in the second planting season (PS-2), fertilizer treatment was five doses of SP-36 i.e. 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kg / ha. The results revealed that grain yield of soybean has increased and reached a maximum at a dose of 348 kg SP-36/ha (equivalent to 125 kg P2O5/ ha) during PS1. Fertilization with 400 kg/ha SP-36 increased soils P-soluble fractions i.e. Al-P, Fe-P, Fe, Al-P, and Ca-Mg-P 0.19 to 9.0 times as compared without SP-36 fertilizer, and were higher than those of other doses. The SP-36 residues from PS-1 and SP-36 fertilization in PS-2 did not increase the grain yield of soybean in PS-2. Henny Kuntyastuti and Suryantini*


into T-broth, and the lysate was plated on W3350 su- for sus + recombinants. The int- charac-ter was determined by stabbing W3350 plaques onto EMBgluc (see below). Low revertant stocks (sus + revertant fraction < 10-) were used in the crosses, and self-crosses showed that reversion did not interfere with the mapping. the plates from which the cells were taken; mottled red and was as an indication of an integration defect. One mutant exhibited a mottled at and not at 30'C and was presumably temper-ature-sensitive for the integration defect. In some cases the rec- strain R20 was used instead of W3350. in the ci repressor gene; this muta- tion causes wild-type X to undergo prophage induction by thermal treatment, presumably because the repressor is heat-labile. The bacteria were grown at 300 in T-broth to approximately 2 X 108/ml and repression released by heating at 430 for 10 min. The cultures were then incubated at either 37 or 430 until lysis of rec + (int +) had occurred, as determined by optical density measurements. The cultures were then treated with chloroform and assayed for X and Xdg phage. Xdg phage were assayed by transduction of the gal - deletion strain MS5061 to gal +, using normal X as "helper." This assay tends to underestimate the number of Xdg particles, since a lysogenic response producing integration of Xdg is normally required for a Xdg to yield a gal + transductant. Data presented are the average of three separate experiments.


: The forensic expertise regarding the assessment of the ability to drive a motor vehicle on public roads is a necessity for both the person in question [driver] and for the authorities that request it. This type of examination raises the issue of a legislative void in that the current laws fail to provide for the plethora of situations/diagnoses encountered in practice. This paper aims to draw attention on the major differences between the legislative provisions on amateur drivers in comparison with professional drivers, given the potential for similar social danger between both categories, and also on the difficulty of establishing this quality in psychiatric patients. For this purpose, we have compared the judicial requirements for both categories of drivers to better understand their shortcomings and we have analyzed 70 cases of this type of examination to determine the most common diagnoses we encounter.


Market basket analysis helps to provide scientific decision support for retail market by mining association rules among items people purchased together. In this paper, we propose an innovative market basket analysis method by mining association rules on the items' internal characteristics which are obtained by using automatic words segmentation technology. The method has been applied to a dynamic dishes recommend system and validated by the experimental results.


Objective:To study the mechanism of a novel antitumor protein MML,on the human hepatoma BEL-7402 cells in vitro and in vivo.Methods:Electron microscope was used to analyze the morphological change of the cancer cells,and flow cytometry was performed to study the cell cycle distribution.Tubulin immunofluorescence was carried out to investigate the effect of MML on tubulin polymerization.Results:The IC50 on BEL-7402 was about 52 μg·mL-1.Transplanted nude mice of BEL-7402 cells were used to study the antitumor effects of MML in vivo.MML altered the tumor cell membrane permeability,induced apoptosis and inhibited tubulin polymerization.MML is a potent antitumor agent in nude mice.


1.IntroductionPostfeminism exploits a concept of feminism as inflexible, far-reaching, anti-sex and affair, challenging and extremist, providing the contentment of (re)claiming a distinctiveness manageable by gender politics, postmodernism, or established critique. Postfeminism frequently operates as a way of recording and apparently determining the continuity of option quandaries for women. The tremendous ideological effect that is constituted by an accrual of postfeminist cultural matter is the underpinning of conventional norms as the critical preeminent options (Bratu, 2016; Magrini, 2016; Schwieler and Magrini, 2015) in women's lives. Postfeminism confers substantial relevance to the configuration of a meaningful personal routine and the capacity to decide on the appropriate articles of trade to accomplish it, fetishizing female ascendancy and craving while reliably placing them within definite boundaries. (Negra, 2009)2.The Intricate, Shifting Gender Dynamics of the Present Postfeminist CultureThe influential politics within feminism has come out from the liberaldemocratic practice with a stress on marginal restructuring. The main goal is equality of chance, in which personal development is highlighted over essential alterations in the structural regulation of society. State interference concentrates on attaining a harmony between individual self-determination and community interests (Barnett, 2015; Krivochen, 2016; Rauch, 2016), assisting in moderating between opposing concerns. Liberal feminism is bound to accomplishing superior gender equality via legislative and policy amendment, its mission being to formulate and engage in carrying out schemes for alteration and bringing about equality for women via regulation within the political mechanisms and social strategies of liberal democracy. (Coppock et al., 2014)Postfeminism repudiates the egalitarian doctrines of feminism, becoming established as an ideological system in an epoch in which democratic fairness has coagulated into entitlism, substantially developing in the framework of influential antidemocratic propensities. The choices, chances, and incentives undergone by women in postfeminist media ensue to a gilt-edged group in possession of substantial informational, social, and financial resources. Postfeminism represses flexibility, furthering hindrance and the compliance to normative patterns of distinctiveness (Buchely, 2016; O'Neill, 2015; Zaharia and Zaharia, 2015) even while publicizing self-improving consumerism. Postfeminism flourishes on restlessness about aging, revamping the latter among a diversity of generational clusters and encompassing the possibility of age evasion. Postfeminism directs representational attention on household, time, labor, and consumer culture, and is likely to generate accounts and pictures that signify female apprehension and imagine female emancipation in these spheres. Retreatism is an essential social routine of postfeminist culture, being both vague and politically inconclusive. The postfeminist media culture inclines to reprocess established representational codes but deprives them of their reformist and/or conflicting attributes. In a hypermatrimonial, post- feminist culture, critical situations frequently convert to analysis even as individuals' recollection of topical mediathons disappears. (Negra, 2009)Individuals of all genders embrace the neoliberal, postfeminist subject view. Postfeminist rhetoric has highlighted and valorized female accomplishments within male-dominated labor settings. Postfeminism's emphasis on the female expert shapes the presumed entitlement to toil and spend money as the rationale of personal autonomy for women. Postfeminism formulates the newfangled self-determination for women as the capacity to make personal decisions, although the unmitigated amount of options and the requirement (Chen, 2015; Peters, 2015) to make them on an incessant reason has contributed to option occasionally becoming a burden. …


During the past ten or fifteen years surgeons have become much more aware of the indications and limitations for major operations in aged patients. During this period results have also improved, particularly the operative mortality rate. However, results are still far from ideal. Accordingly, intense study should be devoted to the problems presented by aged surgical patients. One of the important lessons we have learned in surgical care of the aged is the fact that these patients will tolerate the average major operation about as well as younger patients if there are no complications, but they will not tolerate the extremely serious operation as well, even though no deficiencies are present. Therefore, we should continue to study geriatric surgical problems, particularly since the incidence of operations in patients in this age group will gradually increase from year to year, largely because people are living longer. Moreover, in association with aging, there will be an increase in the more serious diseases such as cancer. One of the most common and most serious decrements encountered in surgical patients is malnutrition, a condition that will jeopardize the operative mortality rate in any group of patients (especially the aged) if it is not corrected. As a matter of fact, correction of this decrement accounts for most of the improvements in the operative mortality rate during the past three or four decades. Correct use of blood transfusions is another important explanation for the improved operative mortality figures. However, three or four decades ago, blood transfusions were being used, whereas practically no attention was paid to correction of malnutrition before operation. For this reason, more attention must be paid to the correction of malnutrition in the geriatric patient.


As I explained in an earlier column in Physics Today (Physics Today, June 2001, page 12 ), if we believe that gravity will be a primary element within a unified theory of fundamental physics, then the classic question Why is gravity so weak? is much better posed in the form, Why are protons so light? And since we have achieved, on the basis of modern quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a detailed and powerful understanding of how the mass of the proton arises, I was able to give a detailed and powerful answer to this rephrased question. What I didn't do was present any serious evidence that my answer is the same as Nature's. *


Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) techniques have the important concepts those can be used in the present scenario of the medical world. It has made the medical field to formulate easy steps to detect and predict the diseases like diabetes, thrombocytopenia, heart diseases, brain tumor, cancer etc. The classification methods available in the data mining theories and ANN gradually help to predict the data for the future analysis by building the classification models. In this paper, the results and the research work carried out on diabetic medical data using the artificial neural network algorithms like multilevel perception and its application over such data so as to predict the      diseases are discussed. The rules developed will be helpful to detect the co-disease in the diabetic patients and we have ranked them as per the final classifier for prediction. The proposed classification algorithm has accurately predicted the data with and without feature subset selection.


In this paper,12 full-scale prestressed high-strength concrete beams with high-strength bars were tested,based on the test results,whether the formulas for calculating the stiffness in the existing codes are suitable was tested,the influence of concrete strength,conversion reinforcing ratio on the stiffness are analysised.The study results indicate that the stiffness increases with higher strength grade of concrete and bigger reinforcing ratio;the stiffness calculated method given in the code of China and America can be used for prestressed high-strength concrete beams.The study provides a reference point for practical application of prestressed high-strength concrete beams with high-strength bars.


The evaluation model of the direct economic loss induced by tropical cyclones make landfall over China is discussed. With the observations of tropical cyclones and the socio-economic statistical data during the period from 2004 to 2008, three elements-- the disaster causes, the bearing capacity and the prevention capacity are taken into account to the model which is used by multiple regression methods. The results show that (1) it is reasonable to use those three predictors to build the assessment model, (2) the obtained model can provide a good forecast of the direct economic loss, and (3) this model has a potential value in operation.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to attempt to simulate the push-pull maneuver on a single-axis human centrifuge using lower body positive pressure (LBPP), and to observe the effect of the push-pull maneuver on +Gz tolerance.

METHODS
Six volunteers participated in the experiment. They were subjected to LBPP of up to 300 mm Hg for 1 min. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored before, during and after LBPP. Immediately after LBPP, +Gz tolerance was measured on a human centrifuge.

RESULTS
During LBPP, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) increased significantly, mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased but not significantly, and HR decreased significantly. After LBPP, SBP and MAP decreased significantly, while DBP and HR decreased but not significantly. In all subjects, +Gz tolerance decreased after LBPP. The decreased value was 0.70 +/- 0.06 G, maximum 1.0 G and minimum 0.5 G.

CONCLUSION
The push-pull maneuver can be simulated on a single-axis human centrifuge using LBPP. The physiologic effects of LBPP were similar to those of -Gz. We observed that +Gz tolerance decreased after LBPP, which confirmed the push-pull effect from the experiment.


THIS PAPER DESCRIBES AN EXPERIMENTAL ROUTE GUIDANCE SYSTEM (ERGS) DESIGNED BY GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION UNDER CONTRACT TO THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS. AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM WHICH WOULD AUTOMATICALLY PROVIDE DRIVERS WITH ROUTING INSTRUCTIONS AT DECISION POINTS IN THE ROAD NETWORK ALONG THE WAY TO THEIR RESPECTIVE DESTINATIONS WAS DEVELOPED. SYSTEM HARDWARE CONSISTS OF BOTH MOBILE AND FIXED ELEMENTS, WHICH AUTOMATICALLY ESTABLISHED TWO-WAY DIGITAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MOVING VEHICLES AND ANTENNAS EMBEDDED IN THE ROADWAY. THE SYSTEM IS DESTINATION ORIENTED. AT THE BEGINNING OF HIS TRIP, THE DRIVER ENTERS A CODE WORD REPRESENTING THE ADDRESS OF HIS DESTINATION INTO THE UNIT IN HIS CAR. AS HIS VEHICLE APPROACHES EACH INSTRUMENTED INTERSECTION, THE DESTINATION CODE IS TRANSMITTED TO THE ROADSIDE EQUIPMENT, WHERE IT IS DECODED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A STORED PROGRAM. AN APPROPRIATE MANEUVER INSTRUCTION IS CALCULATED, RETURNED TO THE VEHICLE, AND DISPLAYED TO THE DRIVER IN THE LENGTH OF TIME NECESSARY FOR THE VEHICLE TO TRAVEL A DISTANCE OF APPROXIMATELY FIVE FEET AT INTERSTATE HIGHWAY DRIVING SPEEDS. / AUTHOR/


Conjugated dienes can be initially converted to their zirconocene complexes most conveniently by their reaction with (C5H5)2ZrCl2 and freshly ground Mg; the resultant complexes can then be protonolysed with 3 mol dm–3 HCl to give regioselectively monoenes corresponding to partial hydrogenation of the more highly substituted double bond.


A simulation method is developed to predict runoff of sediment and water from a mountain river drainage. The river drainage is divided into slope areas and river reaches. A kinematic wave method is employed in the runoff prediction from the slopes and a dynamic wave model for the runoff of sediment and water in the river reaches. Runoff of sediment and water from the slopes is considered at the slopes steeper than 6•‹ ,while runoff of water at the slopes milder than 6•‹ . The result of the computation with the total-load transport equation agrees with the field measurements of sediment discharge in the Mizunashigawa River.


Carcass characteristics of pasture feeding and house feeding were significant difference.Many indexes were remarkably difference(P0.01),including live weight,carcass weight,net meat weight,bone weight,leaf fat weight,dressing percentage,skin weight,loin eye area,large intestine length and weight,small intestine length and weight,fat weight,head weight,hoof weight,blood weight,stomach weight,liver weight,lung weight,kidney weight and heart weight.However,meat bone ratio and spleen were nonsignificant difference(P0.05).


Normal 0 MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 This presentation focuses on a key sequence of interest on the Scotian margin from a hydrocarbon standpoint: the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous clastics sedimentary rocks. It presents new data on interactions between uplift events inferred from the geological record onshore Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and the resultant depositional systems in the Scotian Basin. Mineralogy studies provide evidence for sediment provenance. Depositional environments are inferred from studies of conventional cores, informed by seismic correlation. Reservoir quality depends in part on regional variation in diagenesis, influenced by both detrital supply and depositional setting. Predictions are made about the type of deposition and reservoirs in areas poorly tested by wells on the southwest and southeastern part of the margin.


To the antisymmetric next-nearest-neighbor Ising (ASYNNNI) model of oxygen diffusion in YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 6+{ital x}} we have added a possibility for an oxygen atom to jump not only to a nearest neighbor but also to a next-nearest-neighbor site through a jump remaining in the {ital ab} plane. The usual Monte Carlo simulation procedure has been used to calculate the tracer diffusion coefficient which turns out to be less sensitive to the oxygen content than in the standard ASYNNNI model, as found out in experiments. The Arrhenius plots show nearly linear behavior. We have also calculated the average energy per particle in the system. This when plotted as a function of oxygen concentration yielded some information about possible phase transitions in the system. At low temperatures the diffusion is probably taking place along the copper-oxygen chains whereas for higher temperatures and low concentration of oxygen, interchain diffusion as well as reorientation of short oxygen chains is also possible.


Normally early spring soil moisture is a challenge when the soil profile is fully charged. Depending on the amount of snow we receive and duration of winter, there is a tendency for producers to enter fields at lessthan-ideal soil conditions, especially when there is a short window for conducting field operations.


Image compression has been a frequent topic of presentations at ADASS. Compression is often viewed as just a technique to fit more data into a smaller space. Rather, the packing of data - its "density" - affects every facet of local data handling, long distance data transport, and the end-to-end throughput of workflows. In short, compression is one aspect of proper data structuring. For example, with FITS tile compression the efficient representation of data is combined with an expressive logistical paradigm for its manipulation.
A deeper question remains. Not just how best to represent the data, but which data to represent. CCDs are linear devices. What does this mean? One thing it does not mean is that the analog-to-digital conversion of pixels must be stored using linear data numbers (DN). An alternative strategy of using non- linear representations is presented, with one motivation being to magnify the efficiency of numerical compression algorithms such as Rice.


The current situations and the mainly existing problems of maize production and circulation in China was analysed. The new thoughts about developing China's maize production in new situation are talked over. The development of maize market in 21th century is looked ahead. Finally,the countermeasures about adjusting maize production and circulation are put forward.


PURPOSE: An antistatic pressure sensitive adhesive composition is provided to improve antistatic property while maintaining durability of an adhesive itself. CONSTITUTION: An antistatic pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprises alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, antistatic agent, epoxy-based cross-linking agent and polyalkyleneglycol-based silane coupling agent. The content of the polyalkyleneglycol-based silane coupling agent is 0.005 ~ 1.2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer. The alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer is a copolymer of alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer and polymerizable monomer.


The ageing population, climate change, and labour shortages in the agricultural sector are driving the need to reevaluate current farming practices. To address these challenges, the deployment of robot systems can help reduce environmental footprints and increase productivity. However, convincing farmers to adopt new technologies poses difficulties, considering economic viability and ease of use. In this paper, we introduce a management system based on the Robot Operating System (ROS) that integrates heterogeneous vehicles (conventional tractors and mobile robots). The goal of the proposed work is to ease the adoption of mobile robots in an agricultural context by providing to the farmer the initial tools needed to include them alongside the conventional machinery. We provide a comprehensive overview of the system's architecture, the control laws implemented for fleet navigation within the field, the development of a user-friendly Graphical User Interface, and the charging infrastructure for the deployed vehicles. Additionally, field tests are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.


Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infection can cause pneumonia, bacteremia, infective endocarditis and other diseases, seriously threat to the health of children.Pediatricians should discover the focus of infection.And the focus of infection should be removed or debrided in time.Vancomycin is an important drug for the treatment of MRSA infection, the use of Vancomycin need to ensure that the blood concentration is effective.Now, the advances in treatment of MRSA infection in children was mainly summarized.

Key words:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Child; Vancomycin; Pneumonia; Bacteremia


Introduction: Electrogram morphology recurrence (EMR) analysis is a novel mapping technique which characterizes morphology patterns during atrial fibrillation (AF). Using high resolution electrical mapping, we tested the hypothesis that EMR analysis could identify areas of consistent activation directions and rotor activity in a canine rapid atrial pacing model of AF. Methods: Three weeks of rapid right atrial pacing (600 bpm) was performed in six dogs. A triangular plaque was used to obtain 117 simultaneous bipolar AF electrograms from two right and three left atrial locations. EMR plots for each electrogram recording were created by cross-correlation of each activation waveform with each other. The percentage of the most common morphology (REC%) and the mean cycle length (CL) of activations with the most common morphology (CLR) were computed. Activation pattern for each site was classified as either having stable rotors, passive activity, or chaotic activity. Activation vectors were computed and a vector index (VI) was used to measure vector consistency. Results: Figure A shows an example of an EMR plot map from recordings in the left atrium with red indicating areas of high EMR. The sites with the shortest CL had an average CL of 81±13 ms. The sites with the highest REC% had an average value of 99±2%. The sites with the shortest CLR had an average value of 91±17 ms. REC% was highly correlated with VI (Figure B). Minimum CL was only moderately shorter in rotor sites compared to chaotic and passive sites (Figure C). Maximum REC% was significantly higher in rotors sites than in chaotic sites, but not different from passive sites (Figure D). Minimum CLR in the rotor sites were significantly less than both the chaotic and passive sites (Figure E). Conclusions: EMR analysis is a new mapping technique that correlates well with activation vector consistency and can identify rotor activity. This is a promising method for mapping AF that may identify sources that can be targeted for ablation.


AGRICULTURAL AND NATURAL RESOURCE PROFESSIONALS IN THE NORTHWEST will be impacted by climate change in a multitude of ways, which will present both challenges and opportunities. Climate change is expected to increase the vulnerability of our agricultural systems, challenging agricultural producers to adopt resilience strategies to reduce climate and weather related risks. Through this factsheet, we will explore specific climate drivers of change in the Northwest, relevant impacts to soil and cropping systems, and an exploration of soil management systems that can be applied to reduce risks. TEMPERATURE The largest increase in observed U.S. temperatures have occurred in the western U.S. with an average increase to nearly 2°F since 1900 (May et al., 2018). The region is expected to continue this warming trend, particularly at night and during the summer months, along with more frost-free days. Climate trends are dependent on a number of factors, based on management decisions as well as decisions that are made collectively to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. If we consider a lower emission scenario, considered to be a conservative estimate of greenhouse gas emissions, it is predicted that the 30 year mean annual temperature increase will be 5°F by late 21st century (Rupp et al. 2017). Climate Change: Drivers and Impacts


Based on ATM Multi sectionbackup VP selfhealing scheme, analysis of cell loss probability under finite buffer is made by use of queue system method. Optimal buffer size can be fixed on.


Suspend mode is provided an information processing unit chip so that temperature does not exceed a predetermined temperature, so that is possible to avoid unwanted noise generated by the fan, even if different types of semiconductor chips may be using a common motherboard. When the output from the power supply control portion for controlling the power to the CPU pending signal goes low, the output of the fan control section adapted to reduce fan speed fan control signal to the fan.


An information display device which is capable of wireless reception is introduced, and the labels of a tray or a drug transporting vehicle can be freely re-written, and exceptional efficiency improvement is achieved. An information display device (50), wherein a display unit (51), an in-built electronic circuit (52), and a wireless receiving unit (53) are integrated, is installed in a tray (40). If drugs are available the drugs are inserted into the tray (40), but if drugs are out of stock, drug dispensers (22-25), which put out an out of stock information notification instead of inserting the drug, are made to face the conveyance path of a tray conveyance mechanism (11), and a written instruction, which displays the out of stock information (57) on the display unit (51) so as to be readable by visual observation, is wirelessly transmitted to the information display unit (50). Furthermore, separation information (58), which can separate the space inside the tray (40) into a planar arrangement of small containers (41-43), is visibly displayed on the display unit (51).


Adopting technology in the K-12 classroom is evolving from adapting lessons that highlight a technology to pervasive use of interactive and handheld devices. In this environment, school leaders have the complex task of incorporating technologies to enhance teaching and learning. The purpose of this quasi-experimental quantitative study was to examine leaders' perceptions of technology leadership preparedness and analyze the impact of the Quality-Plus Leader Academy (QPLA) on leaders' perceptions. The research was guided by the overarching question: What is the perceived technology leadership preparedness level of school administrators as measured by their understanding of the 2009 ISTE NETS-A standards? The following sub-question added clarity: How do technology leadership preparedness perceptions differ between principals who attended the Quality-Plus Leader Academy and those who did not, across the five NETS-A themes: visionary leadership, digital age culture, excellence in professional practice, systemic improvement, and digital citizenship? This study revealed principals' perceived they were most prepared for digital citizenship and least prepared for visionary leadership. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between technology leadership preparedness perceptions between QPLA participants and non-QPLA participants. Considering these findings we recommend that Educational Leadership programs align coursework with NETS-A standards to help leaders develop the knowledge and skills necessary to lead technology rich schools. In addition, school districts should consider using supplemental principal preparation programs that incorporate the NETS-A standards to further prepare their building leaders. Technology leadership skills should be embedded in the standard dimensions of leader development. John Dewey stated, "If we teach today as we taught yesterday, we rob our children of tomorrow." School leaders must embrace this philosophy and engage in activities which prepare them to lead 21 century schools. Increasingly, this involves developing an understanding that technology in the K-12 classroom is evolving from adapting lessons that highlight a technology to pervasive use of interactive and handheld devices. This instruction-technology connection creates high expectations to engage today's learners and transform education to support 21 century skills. In this environment, school leaders have the complex task of incorporating technologies to enhance teaching and learning. In addition, researchers note that today's students have grown up immersed in technology and some schools are responding to this demand by providing more engaging and collaborative technologies for students and staff (Gosmire & Grady, 2007; Prensky, 2010). However, some school leaders have not been prepared to support ever-changing technology-rich environments (Bush, 2008; Levin, 2005). In an effort to provide guidance for leaders, the International Society of Technology Education developed educational technology standards, called NETS-A (ISTE, 2009). The purpose of this quasi-experimental, quantitative study was to explore the perceptions school principals have of their technology leadership preparedness and determine the impact of the Quality-Plus Leader Academy on leaders' perceptions of their technology leadership preparation. The district of study used a supplemental leader preparation program, Quality-Plus Leader Academy, to enhance traditional leader preparation. Technology leader preparation skills were defined by the 2009 NETS-A standards. This is important because understanding how leaders perceive their own skills and analyzing the impact of training will inform decision makers who provide training for school leaders. Conceptual Framework In March 2010, the National Educational Technology Plan (NETP) focused on transforming education through effective use of engaging technology. It suggested successful implementation relies on strong leadership (United States Department of Education, 2010). In fact, researchers have suggested leadership is the best predictor of the effect of technology on teaching and learning (Anderson & Dexter, 2005; Reilly, 2005). Meanwhile, technology skills are scarcely addressed in formal educational leadership programs (Dexter, 2008; Redish & Chan, 2007). Having an understanding of the current technologies and how they can be utilized is critical because securing and allocating necessary financial resources for technology is one of the many responsibilities of a K-12 building leader. In addition, researchers have concluded that leadership is the most important factor in effective school change (Leithwood & Riehl, 2005), including change brought about by technology (Dexter, 2008; Gosmire & Grady, 2007; GreyBowen, 2010; Macaulay, 2009; Redish & Chan, 2007). Specifically, the principal's role in visionary leadership, modeling best practices, and support for instructional technology is key to successful technology integration (Gosmire & Grady 2007). To fulfill these roles, it is clear that technology leadership skills are needed and awareness of those skills is critical. Technology Leadership Skills Researchers have attempted to identify the necessary skills for technology leadership (Anderson & Dexter, 2005;Davies, 2010; Grady, 2011). In 2005, Anderson and Dexter (2005) developed a model for technology leadership with eight technology leadership indicators: technology committee, school technology budget, district support, principal email, principal days (on technology), staff development policy, grants, and intellectual property policies. Their study concluded that "although technology infrastructure is important, for educational technology to become an integral part of a school, technology leadership is even more necessary" (Anderson & Dexter, 2005, p. 74). More recently, Grady (2011) provided a list of 10 tasks for the principal's role as technology leader. These include: The principal should establish the vision and goals for technology in the school. The principal should carry the technology banner in the school. The principal should model use of technology. The principal should support technology use in the school. The principal should engage in professional development activities that focus on technology and integration of technology in student learning activities. The principal should provide professional development opportunities for teachers and staff that emphasize use of technology and that facilitate integration of technology into student learning. The principal should secure resources to support technology use and integration in the school. The principal should be an advocate for technology use that supports student learning. The principal should be knowledgeable and supportive of national technology standards and promote attainment of the standards in the school. The principal should communicate the uses and importance of technology in enhancing student learning experiences to the school's stakeholders. Grady (2011) made a final note on the task list to remember that "technology is nothing more than a tool used to complete work" (p. 8). This task list, as well as the technology models by Anderson and Dexter (2005) and Davies (2010), provided guidance to principals for technology leadership skills. All three researchers support the development and use of nationally recognized technology leadership standards. The most prominent and frequently used standards for administrators are the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) National Educational Technology Standards (NETS-A). Standards for Technology Leadership In 2001, the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) developed educational technology standards for students and teachers, NETS-S and NETS-T, respectively. In 2002, ISTE developed technology standards for leaders, known as NETSA which were updated in 2009 (ISTE, 2009). The rationale for NETS-A was that leaders must be able to support students and teachers and ensure that conditions essential to ensuring optimal benefits from technology are in place (Knezek, 2009). These standards were grouped by six subscales: leadership and vision; learning and teaching; productivity and professional practice; support, management, and operations; assessment and evaluation; and social, legal, and ethical issues. For each of the six subscales, performance indicators were added to further explain the theme (ISTE, 2009). The visionary leadership subscale guides leaders to inspire a shared vision with stakeholders to maximize positive instructional change. A visionary leader is expected to advocate technology efforts by committing time and resources to support change (ISTE, 2009). The digital citizenship subscale calls for leaders to ensure equitable access to technology resources. Digital citizenship expects leaders to promote, model, and establish policies that ensure safe, legal, and ethical use of technology. Responsible use of technology and social interactions in a digital environment are also expected (Knezek, 2009). Systemic improvement emphasizes data-driven decision making. This subscale guides leaders to recruit and retain tech-savvy teachers and staff. Leaders should also support a technology infrastructure and partner with business for technology operations and support (Sykora, 2009). Excellence in professional practice is the fourth NETS-A subscale. Leaders demonstrate this subscale by empowering teachers and ensuring time and resources for technology professional development. Leaders are expected to promote and model digital tools as well as remain current in technology research and trends (ISTE, 2009). Digital age culture includes improving instruction through technology integration. Technology should be utilized to meet individual student needs. Leaders should model and promote effective use of technology while keeping up with local, national


The primary purpose of this paper is to introduce and study two new types of functions on bitopological spaces called, (i, j)-quasi b-open and (i, j)-quasi b-closed.


The paper presents a brief overview of current uses for CNET speech technology (speech recognition and text-to-speech systems) in interactive voice response services (IVR). Several services are described, and the latest evaluation of one ASR-based service is also outlined. Finally, the paper summarizes developments in the CNET ASR and TTS technology.<<ETX>>


In this paper the signature condition is presented as beeing the most natural extension of the celebrated Popov's positivness condition.


A truly cognitive computer vision system has not yet been built. Current vision system designs are based on mathematical and engineering considerations rather than on cognitive principles. The goal of our research project is to create a vision system that is both cognitively and neurally plausible. We are designing a human-like vision system to better understand how the human visual system works and to understand any engineering advantages it possesses. We are building a cognitive vision system that is suitable for a mobile robot. This system works in a manner similar to the human vision system, using saccadic, vergence and pursuit movements to extract information from visual input. At each fixation, the system builds a 3D model of a small region, combining information about distance, shape, texture and motion to create a local dynamic spatial model. These local 3D models are composed to create an overall 3D model of the robot and its environment. This approach turns the computer vision problem into a search problem whose goal is the acquisition of sufficient spatial understanding for the robot to succeed at its tasks. This paper gives an overview of our work, beginning with the cognitive principles and structure of our existing system. We give an example showing how our system renders a bouncing ball. Then we describe our current and future work, which includes integrating our cognitive approach with existing work on neural visual structures.


We apply the maximum entropy method to extract the spectral functions for pseudoscalar and vector mesons from hadron correlators previously calculated at four different lattice spacings in quenched QCD with the Wilson quark action. We determine masses and decay constants for the ground and excited states of the pseudoscalar and vector channels from the position and area of peaks in the spectral functions. We obtain the results mp 1 5660(590) MeV and mr 1 51540(570) MeV for the first excited state masses, in the continuum limit of quenched QCD. We also find unphysical states that have an infinite mass in the continuum limit, and argue that they are bound states of two doublers of the Wilson quark action. If the interpretation is correct, this is the first time that the state of doublers has been identified in lattice QCD numerical simulations.


The present invention relates to a method for preparing low carbon olefins from an oxygen-containing compound, and mainly solves the problems that low carbon olefin yield is not high, art byproducts of hydrocarbons with four or more than four C atoms are more in the prior art. According to the method for preparing the low carbon olefins from one oxygen-containing compound, a product produced by contact of the oxygen-containing compound with a catalyst I in a prereactor enters into a fluidized bed reactor, and contacts with a molecular sieve based catalyst II to produce a product stream containing the low carbon olefins, after heat transfer with the prereactor, the product stream enters into a product separation system, a to-be-regenerated catalyst in a settler is divided into two parts to enter into a fluidized bed reactor and a regenerator, the regenerated catalyst is degassed by a stripper, then enters into a fluidized bed reactor, hydrocarbons with four or more than four C atoms are contacted with a catalyst III in a fixed bed reactor, the produced product stream containing the low carbon olefins enters into the settler, and by the technical schemes, the problem are well solved, and the method can be used for industrial production of preparing of the low carbon olefins from the oxygen-containing compound by conversion.


With the rapid development of aerospace and aviation equipment,the demand for ultrasonic testing of irregular curved composites is increasing.For such application,the traditional ultrasonic C-scan technique can hardly meet the reliability requirements,and the multi-axis ultrasonic C-scan technique is becoming a critical technical support.In this paper,the technical principle,typical structures and main functions of multi-axis ultrasonic C-scan testing systems are analyzed and summarized,and the technical development direction is predicted.


There has been a widespread assumption in education "that male school-leavers were destined for the factory floor, the board room or the professions" (Griffin & Lees, 1997, p.5). To date more histories of 19th century art education have focused on those "destined for the factory floor" than on those who would join the Establishment. In contrast, this historical case study documents and comments upon art and design education in an élite school that prepared boys for the board room and the professions where there was, at times, an uneasy relationship between artistic pursuits and the construction of dominant forms of upper-class masculinity. Architecture, surveying, and later in the century, art appreciation and photography, found their places in the hegemonic masculinities that permeated both "official" and "hidden" curricula; whereas "ornamental drawing" was often seen as too feminine and contaminating, and "industrial" art education was reserved for those boys who were not in the classical stream. Consequently, in an élite all-boys' school, which sought to empower [students] through the curriculum, some forms of art were shunted to the sidelines, where, as in the 1850s, the arts were tacitly used, by some parents who paid an additional fee, to "tame" and "civilize" those who would enter the Establishment.


This research primarily deals with grammatical error analysis. It describes the grammatical errors in speaking skills made by the eighth-grade students. The data of the study are the conversation of the students that are defined into ten groups. The grammatical errors are classified based on Comparative Taxonomy. They are; developmental errors, interlingual errors, ambiguous errors, and other errors. Besides classifying the errors, the research also discovers the sources of errors. A qualitative approach was employed to gather the data in this study. The result of this study shows that the students committed errors in every type of Comparative Taxonomy. The most error that students made was interlingual errors. It can be inferred that the student's mother tongue interfered with them in speaking English. Based on the observation and interview, the possible causes of students' grammatical errors were interlingual transfer, intralingual transfer, the context of learning, and communication strategy.


Researchers derived a quantitative relationship between the effectiveness of an atmospheric greenhouse and internal heat flow in producing the morphological differences between earlier and later Martian terrains. The derivation is based on relationships previously derived by other researchers. The reasoning may be stated as follows: the CO2 mean residence time in the Martian atmosphere is almost certainly much shorter than the total time span over which early climate differences are thought to have been sustained. Therefore, recycling of previously degassed CO2 quickly becomes more important than the ongoing supply of juvenile CO2. If so, then the atmospheric CO2 pressure, and thereby the surface temperature, may be approximated mathematically as a function of the total degassed CO2 in the atmosphere plus buried material and the ratio of the atmospheric and regolith mean residence times. The latter ratio can also be expressed as a function of heat flow. Hence, it follows that the surface temperature may be expressed as a function of heat flow and the total amount of available CO2. However, the depth to the water table can simultaneously be expressed as a function of heat flow and the surface temperature (the boundary condition). Therefore, for any given values of total available CO2 and regolith conductivity, there exist coupled independent equations which relate heat flow, surface temperature, and the depth to the water table. This means we can now derive simultaneous values of surface temperature and the depth of the water table for any value of the heat flow. The derived relationship is used to evaluate the relative importance of the atmospheric greenhouse effect and the internal regolith thermal gradient in producing morphological changes for any value of the heat flow, and to assess the absolute importance of each of the values of the heat flow which are thought to be reasonable on independent geophysical grounds.


A two-photon pumped high quality single-mode vertical cavity lasing was realized. The VCSEL exhibits a remarkable low threshold of ∼421 μJ/cm2, a high quality factor of ∼1286 and a small divergence angle of ∼0.5°.


Intercity railway is the most effective means to solve intercity traffic problems, and passenger satisfaction is closely related to intercity railway passenger transport service quality. Thus, a reasonable evaluation method is conducive to the improvement of intercity railway passenger transport and further to improve passenger transport service quality. First, introduce intercity rail passenger satisfaction philosophy, build intercity rail passenger satisfaction conceptual model. Then, combining with intercity railway passenger transport characteristics and service requirements, an evaluation index system for intercity railway passenger transport service quality based on passenger satisfaction is put forward. Also, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm and a related example are both given. The results show that the proposed method can reasonably evaluate passenger transport service quality and excavate and analyze potential factors which are helpful to improve passenger transport service quality


In this paper, we will start by reviewing innovation and key milestones in the development of the microwave technology, followed by transformation in the playing field, and the final section discusses reasons for an urgent call for global competence in the preparation of future microwave engineering workforce.


Background: Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) of the breast is considered a low grade carcinoma with a favorable prognosis. We aimed to describe clinicopathologic features including immunohistochemistry expression profile and to delineate adverse prognostic features, if any.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with SPC between the years 2016–2022 were retrospectively identified from the archives at Kailash Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Goraj. Microscopic slides and clinical history were reviewed. Immunohistochemical stains were performed.
Results: Of 12 SPCs cases retrieved, 11 (92%) were associated with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The median tumour size was 1.6cm (range 1.3-7.0cm). All tumors were positive for hormone receptor expression and negative for HER-2Neu. 6 cases (50%) show neuroendocrine differentiation. Lymph node involvement was identified in 4/12 (33.3%) patients. Of 12 patients with outcome data (median follow-up 30 months, range 7-72 months), none (0%) developed local recurrence. No distant metastasis or deaths were observed.
Conclusions: SPCs has excellent prognosis with no local recurrence or distant metastasis in this study. Axillary node metastasis is found to be associated with larger tumor size, however it appears to have no impact on disease free or overall survival.


Induced mutation has become an effective tool to improve a crop through creation of variability. Seeds of Garden pea (Pisum sativum L.), cvs. Arkel and Azad P-1, were exposed to mutagens in 2004 to 2006. The M1 generation was produced from these mutagen-treated seeds. A wide range of chlorophyll and viable morphological mutations were obtained in the M2 generations (subsequent generation derived from seed harvested in M1). Additional seeds of the cultivars were treated with doses of 60Co gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) from 2004 to 2006 to isolate more desirable mutants. Chlorophyll mutation rate in the M2 generations increased as gamma irradiation dose and concentration of EMS increased. Frequency of viable mutants was, in general, higher in treatments with EMS than with gamma rays, with the exception of gamma irradiated 'Azad P-1' in 2006. The frequency of total mutants increased with increasing dose of mutagens at similar rates in cultivars over years. Among chlorophyll mutants, frequency of the xantha type (pale yellow colored seedlings) was higher followed by chlorina (yellowing of leaf) and albina type (completely devoid of chlorophyll) mutants. Treatment with 0.3% EMS was, in general, more effective in inducing desirable mutations at the highest frequency, and 'Arkel' had more positive mutations than 'Azad P-1'. The desirable mutants of long and dark green pods, three or more flowers or pods on a peduncle, profuse branching and pod bearing, short internodes, dark green pods, and male sterility were isolated from different treatments over years. Lethality or biological injury, manifested as reduced germination, increased with increasing dose of gamma rays and EMS. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency generally increased with increasing EMS dose. Mutation breeding can play a role in pea improvement to induce useful variability of desirable traits to develop improved genotypes.