SUMMARY In a forward-roll coating gap or nip, steady laminar flow of liquid between counter-rotating cylinders or rolls is used to split the flow into a coated layer on one roll and a rejected layer on the other. Both layers have free surfaces in contact with air. Liquid may be carried into the gap as a layer on one or both rolls. If the arriving layer is not too thick, all of the liquid flows through the gap, a situation called pre-metered. If the arriving layer is too thick, part of the liquid is rejected and runs back down the lower roll. The flow rate through the gap is said to be metered and is not known a priori. The transition from a pre-metered regime to the metered situation was examined by solving the Navier‐Stokes system for steady, two-dimensional flow in a domain bounded by free surfaces, two rigid roll surfaces and chosen inflow and outflow surfaces. The free boundary condition, as described by Papanastasiou et al. (Int. j. numer methods fluids, 14, 587 (1992)), was explored and proved to accommodate both the pre-metered and metered regimes. A run-back flow state across the synthetic inlet plane was obtained, provided a condition on the thickness of the arriving layer was replaced by a kinematic condition at a certain stage. The coupled equation system was solved by Galerkin's method with finite element basis functions. The resulting non-linear algebraic system was solved by Newton's method with initialization by pseduo-arc-length continuation and automatic parameter step adjustment. Results show the existence of multiple solutions which can lead to hysteresis. Flow regime maps were constructed to portray the operating parameter range in which a coating bead can exist and the ranges in which a coating gap operates in either the pre-metered or the metering regime. 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Int. j. numer. methods fluids 24: 813‐831, 1997.


Many semiconductor processes such as molecular beam epitaxy, low-pressure chemical vapor deposition, and reactive ion etching require precise control of ultraclean gas flows at very low flow rates. These applications are well suited to small electrostatically-actuated microvalves that can be merged with micromachined flow channels to form an integrated microflow controller (/spl mu/FC). This paper presents such a microvalve structure and its integration into a simple prototype /spl mu/FC. Produced using a nested bulk dissolved-wafer process, the microvalves utilize a three-electrode configuration which allows them to be actively pulled into both the on- and off-states. The valves actuate at 45-60 V, depending on dimensions. The /spl mu/FC reported here was designed for a maximum flow rate of ISCCM and a leak rate of less then O.1 SCCM at a differential pressure of 100 Torr and outlet pressures from vacuum to atmospheric. The paper illustrates the design process used to optimize the structure to prevent stiction and ensure operation with the desired performance.


The physical development of an area causes Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes due to land requirement increases. Kendari City is the capital city of Southeast Sulawesi Province with extensive urbanization and extensive LULC changes. This study aims to analyze LULC changes in Kendari City (2000-2021) using multi-temporal Landsat imageries data. Landsat-5, Landsat -7, and Landsat-8 imageries spanning 20 years obtained from the Google Earth Engine (GEE) database. LULC classification based on machine learning using random forest method. The pattern of LULC of 2000 - 2010 spread to the west and increased the settlements in Kadia District. In 2010 - 2021 settlement developments to the west and south, namely in Kadia and Wua-wua Districts. An increase in built-up land or settlements in Kendari City has occurred about two times over the last 20 years has led to agricultural land. The increase in built-up land or settlements in Kendari City reached 1,920.44 Ha, and at the same time, there was a decrease in agricultural land in rice fields by 1,866.86 ha in the last 20 years.


The Bangladesh Menstrual Regulation Training Program was evaluated primarily to assess the quantity and quality of menstrual regulation (MR) services provided outside the training centers to the community by physicians and FWVs trained under the sponsorship of the Pathfinder Fund. 4 clusters of clinics selected from 4 adminstrative divisions in Bangladesh were covered. The respondents were providers and clients of the selected clinics. A mail-back questionnaire was sent to other providers working elsewhere in bangladesh. 116 physicians 176 FWVs and 492 menstrual regulation (MR) clients (retrospective and prospective) responded. Face-to-face interviews mail questionnaires and observation were the 3 methods of data collection during December 1 1981 to April 10 1982. Most MR clients (80.7%) were illiterate. The mean age of clients was estimated at 27.4 years and most (80.9%) were Muslims. Only 13.3% were reported to be involved in economic activities. Most of the providers were employed in a government or in a semigovernment organization. The proportion of unmarried persons was higher (48.7%) among physicians than FWVs (17.2%). While giving an opinion on training content most of the providers considered the topics as newly learned. At least 1/4 reported that they were not given graining on the application of anesthesia. The prominent topics were use of hand pumps application of anesthesiia MR complications and dilatation and curettage. For a large majority of physicians (67.8%) and FWVs (59.8%) the number of lecture sessions was satisfactory as was the number of demonstrations. The physicians clinics were relatively better equipped than those of FWVs in terms of space personnel equipment and drugs. Since completion of training more FWVs (84.7%) were performing MR than physicians (72.4%) in tthe office clinic. A shortage of MR clients lack of supply of MR syringes and lack of adequate space in the clinic were the main problems faced by the MR providers in rendering services. While performing the procedure complications such as uterus perforation cervical laceration excessive bleeding and shock did not occur for any of the cases. Only vomiting was reported in a few cases. When data on complicatiions were taken from clients a different picture was observed. A substantial number of clients reported pain and fever for more than the expected period of time a mild or moderate complication. The rate of refusal was lower when the service was provided in private arranagements. 41.5% of the FWVs provided either IUD or ligation; the physicians did it in only 19% of the cases. Additional training sessions for FWVs accommodating more lecture sessions and more demonstration and practice sessions are recommended.


In this study, Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by gel-combustion method using a novel bio-fuel tapioca starch pearls, derived from the tubers of Mannihot esculenta, to investigate the photocatalytic degradation of ccaffeine. The ZnO photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffractometry result for the ZnO nanoparticles exhibit normal crystalline phase features. All observed peaks can be indexed to the pure hexagonal wurtzite crystal structures. There are no other impurities in the diffraction peak. In addition, SEM measurement shows that most of the nanoparticles are spongy and spherical in shape and fairly mono dispersed. A significant degradation of the Caffeine was observed when the catalyst was added into the solution even without the UV light exposure. In addition, the photo degradation increaseds with the photocatalyst loading. Besides the photocatalyst loading, the effect of some parameters on the photo degradation efficiency such as initial concentration and pH were also studied.


From 1759 to 1762, Francois Quesnay had systematically appealed to an obscure physiocrat, Charles Richard de Butre, when he had to make a numerical estimate or to do a nonelementary computation. In the present article, we use two important unpublished writings by Butre to discuss and assess the extent of his contribution to physiocratic theory. In these two works written at the end of 1766 and the beginning of 1767, Butre set himself to the task of deepening Quesnay's political economy. Although he was, besides Quesnay, the only physiocrat who mastered the Tableau economique, he chose to develop his own analytical devices. In order to provide a more satisfactory presentation of the doctrine of the exclusive productivity of agriculture, Butre modified significantly the social classification adopted by Quesnay and all the other physiocrats. Finally, he imagined and drafted a theoretical system of public accounting that would measure and account for all kinds of economic activities, including those Quesnay had left out in his Tableau economique, such as external trade. We argue that the study of his work offers us an ideal vantage point to broaden our understanding of the nature and the history of Quesnay's political economy.


U NLIKE many would-be players in the field of Internet commerce , First Virtual chose to announce its payment system only after it was fully operational. In its first year of operation, the company has experienced exponential growth, and it has gained substantial experience with and insight into the nature of Internet commerce. In this article, the First Virtual team discusses the lessons we have learned from a year's experience with the actual operation of an Internet commerce system and what we see as prospects for the future. First Virtual Holdings was formed in early 1994 to facilitate Internet commerce. The first product offering from First Virtual was an Internet payment system, which was developed quietly and publicly announced as a fully operational open Internet service on October 15, 1994. First Virtual's system differs in many ways from all other proposed approaches to Internet commerce , most notably in the fact that it does not rely on encryption or any other form of cryptography to ensure the safety of its commercial transactions. Instead, safety is ensured by enforcement of a dichotomy between nonsensitive information (which may travel over the Internet) and sensitive information (which never does), and by a buyer feedback mechanism built atop existing protocols. In a nutshell, First Virtual's payment system is built on top of preexisting Internet protocols, notably the SMTP/RFC822/MIME (email), telnet, finger, ftp, and http protocols. Because those protocols are insecure in the sense they carry no strong proofs of identity, it is necessary to design a payment system in such a way as to provide much stronger guarantees. While others have focused on achieving this goal using cryptography , First Virtual designed a higher-level protocol based on email callbacks. In the First Virtual system, a buyer and seller may use any procedure or protocol to meet and transact business. While this often occurs when a buyer browses a seller's Web page, it also frequently happens by email, ftp, or Internet Relay Chat, or even off-net entirely. Moreover, it could easily happen in the future via pro-The first year in the life of First Virtual Holdings-a pioneering Internet-based service company-was conducted with little fanfare, yet filled with memorable challenges and experiences. Here, we get an inside take on the problems, successes, and valuable lessons learned from conducting business on the net.


26 A wealth of studies highlight the importance of rapid corrective responses during 27 voluntary motor tasks. These studies used relatively large perturbations in order to evoke robust 28 muscle activity. Thus, it remains unknown whether these corrective responses (latency 20 to 100 29 ms) are evoked at perturbation levels approaching the inherent variability of voluntary control. To 30 fill this gap, we examined responses for large to small perturbations applied while participants 31 either performed postural or reaching tasks. In order to address multi-joint corrective responses, 32 we induced various amounts of single-joint elbow motion with scaled amounts of combined 33 elbow and shoulder torques. Indeed, such perturbations are known to elicit a response at the 34 unstretched shoulder muscle, which reflects an internal model of arm inter-segmental dynamics. 35 Significant muscle responses were observed during both postural control and reaching, even when 36 perturbation-related joint angle, velocity and acceleration overlapped in distribution with 37 deviations encountered in unperturbed trials. The response onsets were consistent across the 38 explored range of perturbation loads, with short-latency onset for the muscles spanning the elbow 39 joints (20 to 40 ms), and long-latency for shoulder muscles (onset > 45 ms). In addition, the 40 evoked activity was strongly modulated by perturbation magnitude. These results suggest that 41 multi-joint responses are not specifically engaged to counter motor errors that exceed a certain 42 threshold. Instead, we suggest that these corrective processes operate continuously during 43 voluntary motor control.


With the development of laparoscopic technique and improvement ofthe equipment and instruments,the laparoscopy is widely used in bladder cancer radical surgery. The indications are T2-4a,the N0-X,M0 invasive bladder cancer,and high-risk non-muscularis T1G3 invasive bladder cancer is also one of the important indications,including some refractory bladder tumors. The laparoscopic radical resection of the bladder cancer includes two kinds: men and women,men often need to remove the prostate gland,women need hysterectomy. There are different kinds of in situ reconstruction of bladder under laparoscopy,while orthotopic ileal neobladder is the main method. Laparoscopic radical resection of the bladder cancer has not been practiced for long,therefore there are less reports of large sample and multicenter research. Although the short-term curative effect is confirmed by the urinologists,long-term effectstill needs systematic research.


It is very important for multi-lingual tele-conferencing through speech-to-speech translation to capture distant-talking speech with high quality. In addition, the speaker image is also needed to realize a natural communication in a multi-lingual tele-conference. A microphone array is an ideal candidate as an effective method for capturing distant-talking speech. Uttered speech can be enhanced and speaker image can be captured by steering a microphone array and a video camera in the speaker direction. However, to realize automatic steering of the microphone array and the video camera, it is necessary to localize the talker. To overcome this problem, we propose steering the microphone array and the video camera automatically toward a multilingual tele-conference through speech-to-speech translation. To realize the proposed system, we use the CSP coefficient addition method for speaker localization and the ATR-MATRIX for speechto-speech translation. We conducted experiments in a real room. Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation rate (i.e., speaker image capturing rate) was 97.7%, speech recognition rate was 90.0%, and TOEIC score was 530 540 points, subject to locating the speaker at 2 meters distance from the microphone array. We also confirmed that the translated speech and the speaker image can be shown immediately after accurately steering the microphone array and the video camera in the speaker direction and translating the speech beamformed by a microphone array in real-time.


In this era that is very close to technology, cooperatives are faced with 3 major challenges that need to be answered, namely bad perceptions of cooperatives, innovation of cooperative business systems, and technological developments. The demand to change the conventional system into an all-digital system is unavoidable so that digital transformation is very necessary, especially in the service sector to consumers in order to make it easier for consumers to transact. The economic education student cooperative in the city of Kendari has been operating for 10 years but still seems to have not maximized technology in the development of the cooperative. In this student cooperative, there are still many things that become obstacles in its implementation, such as member participation that has not been maximized, both contributory participation and incentive participation. The specific purpose of this research is to find out how the cooperative transformation efforts are carried out by the economic education student cooperative in an effort to increase member participation and also to determine the role of the government in efforts to modernize cooperatives. Data collection methods in this study were obtained in 3 ways, namely observation of the research location, interviews with informants, and literature study. The conclusion of this research reveals that several efforts have been made by student cooperatives for economic education to become modern cooperatives, namely using the Zoom application for the Annual Members Meeting (RAT) and developing their own applications to make it easier for members to buy goods and services and facilitate deposit payments.. Meanwhile, the government's efforts are to provide socialization, training, and create a digital platform that can be used by cooperatives.


Objective:To evaluate the protective effects of Semen coicis oil injection against anthracycline-associated cardiotoxicity. Methods:Eighty eight patients who received anthracycline-based chemotherapy were randomized into test group (n=44) and control group (n=44). The patients in the test group received chemotherapy and 200 mL Semen coicis oil injection every day for 2 weeks and the patients in the control group only received chemotherapy. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram including left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVDd),left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LVDs),E/A,ejection fraction (EF),fraction of shortening (FS) were measured to evaluate the cardiac function.Results:There was no statistical difference in EF and FS between the two groups,but the differences in LVDd,LVDs,E/A,and abnormal ECG changes were statistically significant between the two groups.Conclusion:The Semen coicis oil injection prevents the occurrence of acute cardiotoxicity associated with anthracycline.


This paper aims to explore and describe the role of teachers in instilling tawhid-based education in students in the Qur'an. So that educators can provide positive injections about education, especially training and learning in tawhid, to students. This research uses library research, which collects data that refers to books, the Quran, scientific journals, and previous research that is considered relevant as a data source in the study. Tauhid education is education that leads to the knowledge of the oneness of Allah. Tauhid is a fundamental science that Muslims must own because Tauhid is the basis of belief and belief in Tauhid. In instilling Tauhid education, the critical role of an educator in the world of education, which will encourage students to learn about religious knowledge constantly, is needed to develop students' understanding. Teachers provide advice, lectures, and exercises in worshipping Allah, such as prayer, fasting, and other vertical relationships between humans and God. Of course, it must be supported by the persistence of the family who always provides education for their children because parents/family are the first madrasah for children. The cultivation of monotheistic education cannot be separated from the Al-Quran verses and the Prophet Muhammad's arguments as a source of law in Islam. Moreover, that should be the basic principle in providing religious education to students. The kinds of Tauhid that need to be instilled are the Tauhid of Uluhiyah, the Tauhid of Rububiyah, and the Tauhid of Asma' Wa Sifat.


HE purpose of this essay is to discover what the Italian Fascists T wanted, not what they did or who supported them. Any explanation of their rise to power would have to include the nature of the Italian crisis during and immediately after the First World War, the ways in which the ruling circles and opposition parties abdicated their responsibilities in the face of this crisis, and, finally, Mussolini's tactical ability.' Most people who accepted Mussolini at first were interested in the restoration of law and order, not in


An ultrafiltration method that combines speed, simplicity, accuracy and precision was employed to measure plasma binding of salicylate. Human plasma, containing 1·0 and 0·1mm sodium salicylate, was ultrafiltered through membranes using 45 p.s.i. and slow rotational stirring. Salicylate was bound at these concentrations 13·1 and 4·4% respectively. This method, using membranes that quantitatively separate small molecules from plasma proteins, yields results comparable to those obtained by equilibrium dialysis.


The article discusses the task of radiologic technologists to know clotting disorders and image them best. Topics covered include the various symptoms and blood clots of patients with thrombotic disorders, and medical imaging's beneficial indication of the severity and blood clots' location in the patient's circulatory system, and support for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Also noted is the boost for positive patient outcomes when the health care team works together.


A simultaneous study of the functional and morphological characteristics of burst inhibitory neurons (B.I.N.) has been performed in the alert cat. For the first time, in the central nervous system of mammal, extra- and intracellular records have been coupled with intra-axonal injection of H.R.P. in the alert animal. The B.I.N. discharge during saccades and the quick phase of vestibular and optokinetic nystagmus oriented toward the ipsilateral side of recording. The frequency of discharges is proportional to the eye angular velocity. The axons end on the abducens motoneuron. Collaterals reach the controlateral prepositus hypoglossi nucleus, medial vestibular nucleus and reticular nuclei.


This paper on catchment areas used for public transport is from the proceedings of 14th International Conference on Urban Transport and the Environment in the 21st Century, which was held in Malta in 2008. The authors explain that, in the planning of public transport, the catchment areas of stops are often included to estimate the potential number of travelers. They describe different approaches to GIS-based catchment area analyses, including the Circular Buffer approach which is the fundamental, but also the simplest approach; the Service Area approach, which is based on searches in road networks, represents the actual feeder routes, and is a more detailed approach; and the Service Area approach, which can be refined by adding additional resistance to certain points in the road network, e.g. stairways. The authors illustrate differences between the Circular Buffer approach and the Service Area approach and compare the sizes of the resulting catchment areas. One case example illustrates the strength of the Service Area approach and the impact on the catchment area when adding additional time resistance for the crossing of stairways. Another case example illustrates how the additional time resistance in stairways affects the catchment area of an underground station compared to a ground-level station. The benefits of catchment area analyses include improved planning of stops on a new line by calculating travel potential along the line; the prevention of inaccessible areas from being included in the catchment area; and the allowance of detours in feeder routes to/from stations. The authors conclude that GIS-based catchment area analyses are a beneficial multiple decision support tool for the planning of public transport where the level of detail can be suited to the purpose.


A theoretical and experimental study of stall trigger mechanism of a low speed axial compressor with rotating inlet distortion (RID) is presented in this paper.Different type of RID were produced by a new designed generator,equipped with different distortion screens.The stall inception process was carefully studied.A M-G based model was also proposed to explain how distorted flow trigger the premature stall.It's found that the distortion can induce spike-like disturbance and if the disturbance hit the distortion frequently it wiU be enhanced and trigger the stall soon.


Inter-Bank Offered Rates (IBOR, of which LIBOR is one example) are being forced out due to regulatory pressure following a series of scandals. This transition will have significant ramifications as these rates are used as references in many wholesale transactions (e.g. derivatives, bonds, loans, securitisations and deposits) and some retail transactions (e.g. credit cards, mortgages or student loans). Also, the rates underpin many financial models for valuation and risk management.


and damping medium. The unit is typically filled with air to a pressure between 70 and 250 psi (4.8 17.2 bar), depending on the weight and preferences of the rider as well as the design of the bicycle suspension. The springing system is like a conventional air spring, where the spring force is generated by reducing the volume of the pressurized air chamber, thereby increasing its internal pressure. The damping forces are generated by flowing the pressurized air into and out of several internal chambers through valves as the shock is compressed and extended. On the AD-12, this valving can be tuned precisely by simply turning the two adjuster knobs near the end of the shock. The system also incorporates a negative spring air chamber which assists the initial travel and provides very smooth performance. Setup and Adjustments: The springing and damping characteristics of the AD-12 shock are controlled by air pressure. The air pressure is set based on the weight of the rider and the desired performance characteristics. Pressure is controlled with a standard shock pump, which should be capable of over 200 psi (13.8 bar) and have a pressure gauge. The shock should be inflated as indicated on the following chart. After some riding, this initial pressure setting can be adjusted up or down to suit the rider's preferences. Reduced pressure will provide a smoother, more "plush" ride, but with a greater tendency to bottom-out. Increased pressure will give a firmer ride with somewhat quicker rebound. The adjuster knobs, located on the small end of the shock, provide independent control of the compression and rebound damping characteristics. As indicated on the shock's decal, turning the knobs clockwise will increase the damping. Increased compression damping will decrease the shock's travel in reaction to a bump. Decreasing the compression damping will make the shock "softer" and more likely to use the full stroke in absorbing a hit. By increasing the rebound damping, the shock will extend more slowly after compressing, while decreasing this damping will make it rebound quickly. If you feel increased resistance to turning an adjuster knob, you have reached the end of the adjustment range (these knobs are fully extended when four lines are visible under the head). Forcefully turning the knob farther will cause damage.


A mandelamide ligand, derived from (S)-mandelic acid and (S)-phenylethanamine, catalyzes the addition of aryl-, alkyl- and silyl-alkynylzinc reagents to aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes with good yields and good to high enantioselectivities.


Abstract : This report describes the design, theory, operation, and characteristics of the OPL-ESPI, which generates real time equal Doppler speckle contours of of vibrating objects from unstable sensor platforms with a Doppler resolution of 30 Hz and a maximum tracking range of + or - 5 HMz. The optical phase locked loop compensates for the deleterious effects of ambient background vibration and provides the bases for a new ESPI video signal processing technique, which produces high contrast speckle contours. The OPL-ESPI system has local oscillator phase modulation capability, offering the potential for detection of vibrations with the amplitudes less than lambda/100. Keywords: Optical phase locked loop: Optical voltage controlled oscillator.


This text originates in an exchange of letters I held with David Armstrong when his book Universals. An Opinionated Introduction was published. It is offered as a dialogue and has been divided into six topics. The first one deals with the problem of whether different ontological theories, which posit different basic relations (such as resemblance, ínstantiation and compresence), are also differently prepared to deal with Bradley's infinito regress argument. The second one raises a doubt. Those universals posited by Armstrong, such as mass, electric charge, etc., are "aggregative", which means they are subject to the category of quantity. But universals are not supposed to differ quantitatively. Thus, those "universals" favored by Armstrong become suspect of not being real universals. The third one addresses the relation between the Bundle Theory and the Identity of Indiscernibles. The fourth one deals with Armstrong's opinion according to which the bundle theorist is forced to conceive of universals as self subsistant entities. The fifth one discusses whether the Bundle Theory has to accept the existence of facts. Finally, the sixth one deals with tropes.


DESPITE EFFORTS to eliminate mercury from numerous products over the past few decades, a few holdouts remain. Among them are dental amalgam fillings. Dentists continue to use amalgam fillings, which contain about 50% mercury, because they are less expensive than currently available alternatives. Citing human health and environmental effects of the persistent, bioaccumulative, and neurotoxic metal, some members of Congress would like to put an end to that dental practice. As part of an investigation that began last November, the Domestic Policy Subcommittee of the House of Representatives' Committee on Oversight & Government Reform held a hearing on July 8 to explore the feasibility of a mandatory mercury reduction program for dental offices. The dental industry is by far the largest contributor of mercury to wastewater, testified Michael Bender, director of the Mercury Policy Project (MPP), a nonprofit organization that promotes policies that eliminate or reduce mercury uses and exposures. Each time a den...


the personal equation when searching for a dependable and intelligent history as in cases 2 and 3. The patient's replies honestly given undoubtedly smeared the issue in each of the last two cases. This small series of reports is brought forward, each presenting a special feature and each a particular problem, and for that reason they possibly possess some value. They must not be considered as having been reported with any idea of depleting such an inexhaustable subject. That they are fortuitous, I am ready to admit; otherwise I would not have deemed them worthy of your attention.


When the solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at pH 9 was heated at 65°C, new components (1'), (2), (3),......were formed. Here the components (1'), (2), and (3) are modified monomer, dimer, and probably trimer, respectively. The component (1') was formed by the intramolecular sulf hydryl disulfide exchange reaction. Components (2) and (3) were formed by the intermolecular sulfhydryl disulfide exchange reaction. If appropriate amounts of anionic surfactant were added to BSA solution, the formation of component (1'), or the intramolecular exchange reaction, was prevented. It is known since earlier data that fatty acid anions prevent the denaturation of BSA. The cause found in this study was that the anionic surf actant prevented the formation of component (1' ). The minimum amounts of various surfactants to prevent the formation of component (1') were determined. The minimum molar ratio of surf actant/BSA was as follows : 5 for sodium tetradecyl sulfate and sodium palmitate, 6 for sodium tridecyl sulfate and sodium laurate, 7 for sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium undecyl sulfate, 10 for sodium decyl sulfate, about 40 for sodium nonyl sulfate, and 28 for sodium hydrogen N lauroyl-L-glutamate (LS-11). These values are conventional measures of a relative affinity of surfactant to BSA, indicating that the affinity of LS-11 is between that of sodium decyl sulfate and sodium nonyl sulfate. The present method is useful in determining the relative affinity of any anionic surfactant to BSA.


Asthma, the commonest chronic lung disease in childhood, is managed effectively with inhaled medications in most of the cases. But a subset of pediatric asthma patients continues to experience substantial morbidity even after higher doses of medications; they are referred to as problematic severe asthma. In many such cases, the apparent resistance to therapy is actually due to a number of remediable factors. These cases are called 'difficult to treat asthma'. The physician dealing with a child with problematic severe asthma needs to follow a systematic step- wise approach to find any possible underlying causes of poor response to therapy. The evaluation starts with revisiting the diagnosis of asthma and goes through a checking the prescription, patient compliance, assessment for co-morbidities, environmental triggers and psychological factors. Only in a very small number of cases where no such remediable factors are identified, a diagnosis of severe therapy-resistant asthma is made and the child should be referred to a pediatric pulmonologist for further evaluation and therapy.


For a vector-valued Markov decision process with discounted reward criterion, we introduce a new class of policies called the semi-stationary policies and show that an optimal semi-stationary policy that attains the extreme points of the set of rewards induced by all policies can be described as a combination of optimal stationary policies.


Based on study of prehuman, this paper has tried to bring forward soft-sensing technique based on varing -scaled and varying-step BP neural network aiming at several question of basal BP algorithm: training speed of network is slower and generalization of network is weaker. Experimental results demonstrate that technique improved is very valid for improving the training speed and generalization of BP soft -sensing model. This brings great conve- nicnce to on -line application of soft -sensing technique.


The author's enlightenment position results in his strong ugliness-contemplation awareness as revealed in Outcry and Hesitation at the Crossroads, and the ugliness-contemplation utterances endow these two works with immortal ideological value. In them the ugliness of characters, human souls, human relations, and environment are contemplated emphatically.


Administration was up and running in the USA and Canada, it sponsored an array of activities on values and philosophy (se~,' e.g. Ohm and Monahan, 1965). During that time, I presented what I described as a 'general philosophical position concerning educational administration' (1964, p. 96) and have continued to write on the topic. However, it was not until the subjectivist and neo-Marxist critiques that marked the social sciences reached educational administration that


Demonstration of the omnipresence of noise in financial correlation/covariance matrices revealed by means of random matrix theory, a branch of probability theory.Introduction of the Shannon entropy as a measure of noise in correlation matrices. Demonstration of substantial entropy decrease as a result of noise filtering on a few examples.A problem of paramount importance, but rarely addressed by buy-side and sell-side portfolio managers and other market practitioners, is the problem of filtering noise from correlation matrices. This noise is the inevitable consequence of the imperfection of traditional modeling assumptions, especially the representation of infinite returns time series as finite samples.


Among the various alternative energy sources, harvesting energy from the movement of the human body has emerged as a promising technology. The interaction between the energy harvesting structure and the power conditioning circuit is nonlinear in nature, which makes selecting the appropriate design parameters a complex task. In this work, we present an electromagnetic energy harvesting system suitable for recovering energy from the movement of the lower limb joints during walking. The system under study is modeled and simulated, considering three different scenarios in which the energy source is the hip, knee, and ankle joint. The power generated by the energy harvester is estimated from kinematic data collected from an experimental gait study on a selected participant. State-space representation and Recurrence plots (RPs) are used to study the dynamical system's behavior resulting from the interaction between the electromagnetic structure and the power conditioning circuit. The maximum power obtained through the simulation considering a constant walking speed of 4.5 km/h lays in the range of 1.4 mW (ankle joint) to 90 mW (knee joint) without implementing a multiplier gear.


By classifying the semantic relations between the left and right elements of "de",this paper first examines the implicit predicates in the constructions of "VP + de + NP"and "NP 1 + de + NP 2 ",and then gives an explanation of why there are covert predicates in these constructions. By contrast,activity verbs and process verbs are liable to be present. On the basis of the relation between verbs and constructions,it is revealed that the predicates that are not matching with the construction completely tend to be overt. Finally,it is pointed out that the polysemy of"NP 1 + de + NP 2 "is due to the semantic ambiguity of this construction and the generality of construction meaning.


The effect of gastrointestinal hormones (GIH) on gastric and pancreatic secretion has been well documented, but not their influence on salivation. Previous to our study Clendinnen, Reeder, Davidson and Thompson (1970) reported the ineffectiveness of GIH on salivatoin in dogs, whereas Mulcahy, Fitzgerald and McJeeny (1972) reported an increase of saliva amylase concentration after secretin and CCK in humans. Our study deals with the sialogogic effect of secretin, CCK and pentagastrin on the human parotid gland.


Porcine rotavirus diarrhea causes the diarrhea in pigs,especially the piglets,and the 4-week piglets are the most susceptible to this disease.This article described the diagnostic methods of porcine rotavirus diarrhea,which containing clinical diagnosis,electron microscopy diagnosis,immunology and molecular diagnostic methods.


The variational approach (VA), which goes beyond the static approximation to the functional-integral method by taking into account the local electron correlations of the Gutzwiller type, has been extended to the degenerate bands for the purpose of a more realistic description of the finite-temperature magnetism in narrow-band systems. The magnetic properties of Fe, Co, and Ni are investigated numerically within a single-site approximation to the VA. The magnetization-versus-temperature curve, susceptibility, specific heat, the amplitude of local moment, and the charge fluctuations are calculated. The results are compared with those in the static approximation and the experimental data. The Curie temperatures ${T}_{C}$ in the VA are found to be between the observed values ${T}_{C}$(obs) and 2${T}_{C}$(obs). It is shown that ${T}_{C}$ in Fe and Ni are reduced by a factor of 2 because of electron correlations even in the degenerate-band case. The other strong-correlation effects at finite temperatures are found in particular in Ni; the sign of \ensuremath{\partial}${T}_{C}$/\ensuremath{\partial}P is changed, and the temperature-independent charge fluctuation is suppressed by a factor of 3.


Railway vehicles require a certain level of adhesion between wheel and rail to operate efficiently, reliably, and economically. Different levels of adhesion are needed depending on the vehicle runn ...


Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer worldwide. The replication and viral polyprotein maturation of HCV crucially depends on the cleavage of the polyprotein precursor into 10 viral proteins. The NS3-4A serine protease cleaves the nonstructural region of the polyprotein at four out of five junctions, thus is a promising target for the development of antiviral inhibitors. There are many inhibitors of HCV NS3/4A protease in the clinical trial and improvement indicating significant reduction in the viral infection rate. However, most PIs develop resistance associated variants while treatment and are restricted to one or two HCV genotypes. The second generation PI, MK-5172, is the only exception, which potently inhibits most variants associated with resistance to first generation PIs and is pan-genotypic. In this study, we investigated the potent lead compound(s) based on similarity search using the most potent proved protease inhibitor, MK-5172. We have performed virtual screening techniques using PubChem database available in NCBI to identify lead like molecules. The database has yielded 32 hits for 95% similarity search and the pharmacokinetic analysis (ADME) was performed for screened compounds. This structure based drug design identified three lead compounds that can work better against NS3/4A protease.


Purpose - This paper aims to report on the key CSR strategies, activities and attitudes of small business owners in a South Australian regional area with regard to the key stakeholders, towards developing socially and environmentally responsible small businesses. Design/methodology/approach - The investigation was conducted collaboratively between the University of South Australia's Centre for Regional Engagement (CRE) and the Whyalla Economic Development Board (WEDB), using an interview-driven, qualitative design. Findings - It was found that the small business owners in Whyalla were supportive of their stakeholders, especially the local community, because it was the right thing to do and was generally beneficial to their business. Research limitations/implications - It is acknowledged that this type of research design limits the degree to which the results can be generalised, as the sample was limited and questions on environmental issues can be misunderstood and misinterpreted. Practical implications - The results enable the University to assist the University and the WEDB to play an active role in developing the social and environmental awareness of businesses towards sustainable, socially and environmentally responsible regional small businesses. Social implications - CSR is viewed through the lens of stakeholder theory, where stakeholders are all the people and entities that contribute to the businesses' wealth-creating activities. Originality/value - The paper is based on an original study within small firms and their social and environmental responsibility relating to their stakeholders. Previous research on the CSR activities of small businesses within regional or rural environments is limited, especially in regional areas of a developed economy.


457. 458. 459. 460. ADAMS, J . H., CAMERON, H. M. (1965) 'Obstetrical paralysis due to ischaemia of the spinal ANDERSON, R. B., ROSENRLITH, J . F. (1964) 'Light sensitivity in the neonate. A preliminary APGAR, V. (1965) 'Perinatal problems and the central nervous system.' Phj3.v. Ther., 45, BARNET, A. B., GOODWIN, R. S. (1965) 'Average evoked electroencephalographic responses B E H R M A N , R. E. ( 1965) 'Kernicterus associated with perinatal asphyxia and drug therapy.' BENTON, A. L. (1964) 'Developmental aphasia and brain damage.' Cortex, 1, 40-52. CAVELL, P. A., WIDDOWSON, E. M. (1964) 'Intakes and excretions of iron, copper and zinc in the neonatal period.' Arch. Dis. Childh., 39, 496-501. CLAES, C., CARPENTIER, G. (1964) 'Obstetrical injury to the spinal cord (breech presentation) with extradural teratoma in a sibship in which the other child has a myopathy.' (French.) Acta neurol. psychiat. belg., 64, 345-352. COCKER, J., GEORGE, S. W., YATES, P. 0. (1965) 'Perinatal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.' Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 7, 235-243. CoRT, R. L., P~IBYLOVA, H. (1964) 'Placental transfusion and fluid metabolism on the first day of life.' Arch. Dis. Childh., 39, 363-370. C U R R ~ ) Dossr, B., PAVONI, M., PINCA, A. (1964) 'The importance of electroencephalography in the neonatal period: some case notes.' (Italian.) Riv. clin. Pediat., 74, 1-27. DESHJEKINA, M. F., KARASJEVA, K. G . (1965) 'Features peculiar to the course of meningitis in newborns with intracranial birth injury.' (Russian.) Vop. Okhranj Materin. Dets. , 3, DESMOND, M. M., RUDOLPH, A. J. (1965) 'Progressive evaluation of the newborn infant.' Postgrad. Med. , 37, 207-212. DIEMER, K. (1965) 'The influence of chronic hypoxia on the development of the capillaries of the brain of the infant.' (Germon.) Mschr. Kinderheilk., 113, 281-283. DOTSON, E., DESMOND, M. M. (1964) 'The evaluation of muscle tonus in the newborn.' Neurologji (Minneap.), 14, 464-471. (Abstr. Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 7, I 12.) DRACE, J . S., KENNEDY, C., SCHWARZ, B. H . (1964) 'The Apgar score as an index of neonatal mortality. A report from the collaborative study of cerebral palsy.' Ohstet . G ~ ~ n e c . , 24, 222-230. (Abstr. Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 7, 228.) DUKA, A. D. (1965) 'The muscular activity of children born asphyxiated.' (Ru.~sintt.) Akush. i. Ginek., 2, 57-65. EIDENRENZ, R. (1964) 'The sex chromatin body in the newborn.' (Gcrtnan.) E i ~ l . Neonnt., 7, 95-127. (Abstr. Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 7, 600.) ENGEL, R. (1964) 'Abnormal electroencephalograms in the newborn period and their significance.' Anier. J . nient. Dejic., 69, 341-346. ENGEL, R. (1965) 'Maturational changes and abnormalities in the newborn electroencephalogram.' Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 7, 498-506. cord.' Arch. Dis. Childh., 40, 93. (Abstr. Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 7, 468.) report.' Biol. Neonat., 7, 83-94. 357-359. to clicks in the human newborn.' Electroenceph. d i n . Neurophjviol., 18, 44 1-450. Clin. Pediat., 4, 352-356.


Drawing on preliminary fieldwork experiences in the small city of Kaili, Guizhou province, I present a self-critical examination of the assumptions that hindered my initial attempts to study musical practices during fieldwork. Affronted by the exoticizing representations of tourism literature, I had anticipated the opportunity to contrast these representations with the diversity of everyday music-making in the city. What I had not anticipated was the denial of the existence of music in Kaili by its inhabitants, or at least, of music which they considered worthy of academic study, writes Paul Kendall.


Death is strongly rooted in mexican literature and its popular imaginary. Within its multiple variants, sadistic death takes an important place, which is found since first writings about the american continent. In this article, we propose a journey from prehispanic times to the contemporary epoch, in order to review this subject and its evolution through literature. We intend to demonstrate the importance of this topic as a correlation between mexican literature and history, addressing a thematic reading from associated sociocultural events.


In recent decades, the design and construction of smart materials capable of switching into a polyzwitterionic state by an external trigger have been intensively pursued. Polyzwitterionic states have unique antifouling and surface properties and external triggers, such as pH, light, ions, electric field and CO2, cause significant changes in materials with regard to overall charge, ionic strength and wettability. This survey highlights current progress in the irreversible as well as the reversible switching process involving polyzwitterionic moieties, which can, in turn, be applied to studying the interaction of various interfaces with biological species as protein, DNA, bacteria or platelets and also for advanced use.


This paper proposes a hybrid metaheuristic, namely, the molecular dynamics optimization (MDO), to solve the task assignment problem (TAP). The main ideas of MDO stem from the molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) of the statistical physics, which is used to exploring the macroscopic trend of the thermodynamic system according to the interaction of microcosmic particles. TAP is concerned with assigning a set of tasks to suitable agents, which has been widely used for modeling parallel and distributed systems. The objective of TAP is to minimize the sum of the assignment cost and the communication cost of tasks assigned to different agents. Intuitively, TAP desires to find the best clustering and interaction modes of tasks to improve the overall benefit of the considered system. Thus, the decision making of TAP is quite similar to the mechanism of MDS, which motivates the MDO-based metaheuristic. In MDO, first, a basic search framework consisting of the attraction and collision operators is proposed to perform the global exploration. Second, a local search based on the task uncertainty degree (TUD) is embedded into MDO, so that the local exploitation can be enhanced. Finally, computational results and comparisons on 27 benchmark instances demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MDO.


Taking the gymnasts of Athens Olympic Games as research subjects,this article made analysis on age structure of gymnasts in modern power nations in gymnastics.The result showed that the average age of gymnasts of top 8 in team and all-round final was close to 24 years old for man and 18 years old for woman.The average age of gymnasts winning medals in man's rings and floor exercise was above 27 and 25 years old,the oldest one was 34 years old.The average age of woman entering the horse vault final was above 19 years old.The silver medallist was 26 years old.Therefore,world man's gymnasts have entered the adult era and woman entered the younger ear in new Beijing Olympic circle.


The establishment of projection index function according to the maximum information entropy principle was proposed,and which has been applied in the actual optimal selection of urban flood control standard schemes. The results show the difference of the schemes projection values determined by the coupled model is obvious,the model is both simple and general,and its computation result has stability.So it can be applied to optimal selection of different practical engineering schemes.


• This case presents an important question: Can myxedema cause hypercalcemia? • In a study published in 1962, investigators studied the effects of hypothyroidism on calcium balance in rats, based on a patient with similar findings. • Their observations showed that "thyroid insufficiency may be accompanied by the propensity toward the development of hypercalcemia upon ingestion of large amounts of calcium." • Although our patient was not known to be ingesting excessive amounts of calcium, there appears to be no other explanation for her hypercalcemia and its resolution other than profound hypothyroidism and its successful treatment. • We suggest that, although apparently rare, the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia should include profound hypothyroidism.


The management of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) often requires support of respiratory and cardiovascular function and is particularly difficult in pregnant patients. We report a patient in her third trimester who developed ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation and PEEP. Following delivery her pulmonary status improved markedly


This paper studies the performance limits of two-way relay channel (TWRC) at finite signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in Rayleigh fading environment. A two-phase decode-and-forward (DF) protocol is considered. We first derive closed-form expressions for both outage probability and diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT). Our results are general and suitable for any time sharing and any rate allocation in the two-way relay protocol. It is found that DF outperforms amplify-and-forward (AF) when either multiplexing gain or SNR is small enough, otherwise, DF is inferior to AF in term of outage probability. Meanwhile, finite-SNR DMT of DF is always lower than that of AF regardless of SNR due to the additional sum-rate constraint imposed on the relay node for full decoding. Furthermore, the optimum relay location for any given combination of time sharing and rate allocation is presented.


Experimental molar conductivity data for KCl, NaCl and LiCl in glycerol at 298.15 K were analysed by least-square fitting in the concentration range 0.5–100 mol m−3in order to compute the values of the molar conductivity at infinite dilution Λ0and the Onsager constant S. Using previously measured transference numbers and assuming the Kohlrausch infinite dilution law, the limiting ionic mobilities were deduced. The results obtained show that the transport mechanisms in this solvent and other similar hydrogen-bonded solvents such as water and ethylene glycol are the same. The data were also interpreted in terms of ion–ion and ion–solvent interactions using the Fuoss paired ion model in the concentration range 0.5–100 mol m−3. The fitting of Fuoss' equation of 1978 to these data led us to an estimate of the ionic association by computing the conductimetric pairing constants. The latter were further analysed by Gilkerson's equation to yield the difference between the solvation energy of the free ions and the ion pairs. The computed values allow an estimation of whether the electrolyte is a structure maker or a structure breaker.


Opinions about the purpose and effectiveness of test preparation seminars vary, but it is clear that preparation for standardized tests is here to stay. The literature suggests that students do benefit from preparation for standardized tests. The effect of test preparation seminars on standardized achievement tests was studied for 30 of 100 high school juniors from Queen of Peace High School (Burbank, Illinois), who participated in a 10-hour preparation program for the American College Test (ACT). All subjects were female and most were white. The pretest consisted of -etired copies of the ACT, and the posttest was the current ACT. As hypothesized, there was a gain in posttest scores. These gains were consistent with others found in the literature. Findings suggest that students may be wise to take some form of test preparation seminar before taking standardized achievement tests like college entrance examinations. The literature further suggests that preparation for aptitude tests should differ from that for achievement tests. (SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************A************* U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Othce or Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ( his document has been reproduced as recerved torn the person or moil/mutton ortginattng it P Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction duality Points of view or opinion5 Staled in thiS doCu men) do not necessanly represent olltmal OEMPOSMOnorpohcv "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY /404 fl.. ' . 5-,976A1 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEST PREPARATION SEMINARS ON PERFORMANCE ON STANDARDIZED ACHIEVEMENT TESTS


TV tower is a kind of large-scale high-rising structure. Generally, a TV tower is the highest structure of a city. As an architecture of landmark in a city, its function has been developed and it works not only for broadcasting and television but also for environment monitoring and sightseeing etc. The wind-induced vibration response of high-rising steel tower is very large because of its significant height and slender structural characteristic. So it is very important to control the wind-induced vibration of the tower. The magneto-rheological fluid (MR) has become highest performance intelligence material to manufacture variable-dampers of control devices in structures for its strong convertibility, rapid change, simple structure, good robustness as well as consuming less power and so on. The method to control wind-induced vibration based on the MR damper has its unique superiority in providing a larger equivalent damping force. In this paper, a kind of control system is introduced in which Multiple Tuned Spring Dampers (MR-MTSD) and Pendulous Tank Tuned Mass Damper (MR-PTTMD) work together as vibration control dampers. Through numerical simulation analysis, the parameters of this control system are designed when this system is used to control the wind-induced vibration of Henan steel TV tower which is 388m in height. By contrasting the acceleration in floors upon the tower where people work and sightsee and the displacement at the top of the tower, it is shown that the control result is remarkable.


We developed a spatially explicit bioeconomic model of a mixed-stock fishery with an unproductive and a productive stock to examine how the spatial overlap between species affects the outcome of a fishery under alternative management methods. We considered a competitive total allowable catch (TAC) system, with and without a ban on discards, and an individual vessel quota (IVQ) fishery managed either to maximum sustainable yield (MSY) or maximum economic yield (MEY). We also evaluated the utility of marine protected areas (MPAs) designed to protect the unproductive species for each management scenario. Banning discarding (whether under a TAC or IVQ) created the biggest increase in profit regardless of species overlap as it moves the target species biomass toward Bmey. MPAs reduced the profit in most cases and were not always successful at conserving the unproductive stock above a target size. The IVQ system managed to MEY produced the most profit among all scenarios while preserving the populations above s...


Based on the statistics of China's residential land price,real estate development investment and house prices from 2000 to 2010,the present paper makes an empirical study on the effect of land price and real estate development investment on house price with methods of cointegration test and error correction model.The results show that there exists a long-term and steady equilibrium relationship between land price,real estate development investment and house price;the land price has promoting effect on house price;and real estate development investment affects house price stronger.


Using the statistical method of the probability,static-strength statistical distribution characteristics of 2024 aluminum alloy friction stir welding joints was researched,including R m,R e,R P0. 2 and E. The results showed that the dispersibility of staticstrength eigenvalue of the joints was observed and coincidenced normal distribution.


The precision control demonstrated in two recent experiments makes those systems serious contenders in the long race for a quantum computer.


Abstract : The feasibility of a target-marking round capable of being delivered from light aircraft by a forward firing weapon was established. The study produced a marking round design which is 60mm in diameter and uses a sustainer rocket to augment the launch velocity and achieve a constant velocity to target. The round is designed to be fired from a low pressure, semi-recoilless launcher, is fin stabilized, and contains the rocket motor in a tandem configuration behind the marker assembly. Upon approaching the target, a proximity fuze in a nose of the marking round triggers a retrofire charge which expels the marker candle assembly rearward to overcome its forward velocity. This method for retarding the marker assembly was demonstrated successfully by a series of experimental retrofirings, including tests with actual marker candles. (Author)


A series of pyrazolyl urea 3a-l and pyrazolyl sulphonamide 4a-l derivatives have been synthesized by the reaction of respective pyrazoline derivatives 2a-l with phenylisocyanate and p-acetamidobenzenesulphonylchloride respectively. All the synthesized compounds are characterized by IR, H NMR, mass spectral data, and elemental analysis. The compounds have been screened for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, ulcerogenic and lipid peroxidation potential.


The purpose of this paper is to show that the verification process of the Laih-Yen group-oriented, verifier-specified signature scheme is vulnerable. A closer look at the model of the multi-verifier, digital signature with verifier specification is given. Through this research deeper understanding and rigorous cryptanalysis of group-oriented signature verification is possible. Finally, the Laih-Yen scheme is repaired. Copyright 01996 Elsevier Science Ltd.


The International Networks of Nursing are aimed to improve the education, the care practice and the research depending on the person's health. The initiative has important backgrounds as regards the network strategy in the Pan-American nursing environment and to collect and make operational the guidelines of the PAHO concerning the coordination of knowledges networks. The collaboration work Revista Cubana de Enfermería. 2011; 27(4)269-272 http://scielo.sld.cu 270 of these networks started in the 2006 allowed to develop already the V International Meeting of Nursing Networks Organization held in September, 201l. In present paper are showed some notes related to this fifth meeting where guiding were approached and recommended to transform of nursing education in each subject matter area towards the achievement of the Millennium Objectives and the development of health systems based on the Primary Health Care.


(denoted byNe) byelectron capture (Si' +e- -Si)canalso Onthefl andUlt abfastractar popularchagive rise tomeasured IAVTI recovery. Thus,theperceived On-the-fly andUltra-fast VT arepopular characterization inconsistency between fast-transient relaxation experiments techniques foranalyzing NBTIdegradation. We showthatandtheprediction oftheReaction-Diffusion (R-D)model these techniques donotprobe theintrinsic NBTIdegradation [5,9] isaddressed byappropriate comparison ofthedynamics directly andhence require suitable correction. The'corrected' of is and b data allows ustoexplore thesubtlety ofrelaxation dynamics VTandANIT. byvarious measurements andsuggest atheoretical basis for 2.NBTIMeasurement Challenges log-t relaxation consistent within R-Dframework. AmongtheNBTIcharacterization techniques considered,


Objective To evaluate the implementation between radiotherapy dose for NPC and corneal endothelial cell loss.Methods A retrospective study was made for 103 patients who had received radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma between January 2007 and December 2009 in Huai'an First People's Hospital,Nanjing Medical University.The patients were divided into four groups according to different radiation doses,and the corneal endothelial cell densities were recorded for each group before treatment and 1 day,1 week,1 month,6 months,1 year,and 2 years after treatment,the effects that radiation dose on corneal endothelial cells through analyzing the changes of corneal endothelial cell densities between pre-treatment and post-treatment were assessed.Results The difference of age was not statistically significant (F 1.90,P 0.1353).The corneal endothelial cells was slightly reduced when the radiation dose was less than 50Gy (group A and B),and which could be restored to the pre-treatment level during follow-up.The corneal endothelial cells was significantly reduced when the radiation dose was more than 50Gy (group C and D),and which could be restored to the pre-treatment level during follow-up.Conclusions Reduction in corneal endothelial cells associated with radiation dose,when the threshold of radiation dose is reached,the corneal endothelial cells begin to reduce,or even evolved severe corneal disease,so corneal protection and actively prevention and treatment is very necessary.

Key words:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma;  Radiotherapy;  Corneal endothelial cells


In this paper we will discuss our development of a new grammar that is to be used for evaluation of speech recognition systems. The grammar is a statistical first-order class grammar and has been developed for for two different task domains (the DARPA 1000-word Resource Management domain and a 2000-word personnel database domain). We will first motivate the development of this grammar, next describe the grammar and its development, and finally present results and conclusions.


The thermal and radiation-induced in-source and postirradiation polymerizations of N-tert-butylacrylamide and (N-tert-butylacrylamide)2–ZnCl2 complex of this monomer were studied at various temperatures. In in-source, solid-state polymerizations of monomer and complex the conversion was about 95% at 21°C in about eight days. Their postirradiation polymerizations were also studied in solid state. The conversion-time curves of these two systems show an autoacceleration as in-source polymerization. In both types of polymerization the overall rate of polymerization of complex was higher than that of pure monomer at the same polymerization temperature. In investigations of the thermal polymerization of N-tert-butylacrylamide and ZnCl2-complex it was observed that the ZnCl2-complex system can be polymerized in air in the molten and solid state. The conversion of monomer to polymer reaches limiting values in solid state in about 1 hr. The thermal polymerization of ZnCl2-complex in the molten state was also studied and 100% conversion was obtained in 30 min. The thermal polymerization of pure monomer was studied in vacuum and an appreciable amount of polymer was obtained in the molten state; however, the thermal polymerization of this monomer is negligible in solid state. In this work rates of polymerization for N-tert-butylacrylamide and (N-tert-butylacrylamide)2–ZnCl2 are compared under various experimental conditions and overall activation energies are calculated.


The vaporization intake device is disclosed. Vaporizing the inhalation device is disclosed as being able to vaporize the evaporation object accommodated therein so that the user can be drawn into the suction target gas, vaporizing the inhalation device body; It is formed in the vaporization intake device body, a display element that can display predetermined information; And a vibration sensor for sensing vibration of the gasification inhalation device body; and when included, the vibration of the vaporization intake apparatus body detected by the vibration sensor a, characterized in that the display members operate. According to the vaporization intake device disclosed, or detects that the user is drawn in by the suction detection switch, the vibration of the vaporization intake apparatus body by the vibration sensor is detected or, when the sound of the outside is detected or by the acoustic member, the radio waves transmitted and received if, for example, or detected as being another vaporized inhalation device by the member-up within a predetermined distance range relative to the vaporization intake device, as the plurality of light emitting element or a display element operation, a user's interest to use the vaporized inhalation device can cause, there is an advantage that can create magnificent facade of the vaporization inhalation device.


Purpose: To investigate whether occupational exposure to gallium, indium, and arsenic may disrupt normal heme production and damage DNA by initiating the release of lipid peroxidation. Methods: 101exposed optoelectronic workers and 65 referents were tested for their whole blood and urine levels of gallium, indium, and arsenic. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), blood zinc protophorphyrin (ZPP), and serum DNA fragments were used as indicators of toxic hazards. Results: The MDA, ZPP, and DNA fragment mean levels in the exposed workers were significantly higher than those in the referents. The levels of urine gallium in the exposed workers were significantly correlated with the levels of whole blood ZPP and serum DNA fragments respectively. MDA (the production of lipid peroxidation) may be one of the mechanisms for gallium-related DNA damage in multiple regression models. In addition, gallium was found to have a synergistic effect with arsenic on MDA level that may induce indium to damage DNA in blood cells. Conclusion: ZPP and DNA fragments can be elevated by gallium exposure, and the MDA increase due to combined exposure to gallium and arsenic may play a role in indium-induced DNA damage.


The Problem: The two major approaches to computational gene-finding are firstly, using sequence similarity, and secondly, ab initio gene finding. Sequence similarity search is currently enjoying huge popularity with the sequencing of many genomes, such as Mus Musculus and Fugu rupbripes. Comparing the mouse genome to the human genome using (pair) hidden markov models such as Twinscan and Genomescan have successfully yielded novel genes in human [3] [2]. Ab initio approaches such as Genscan, MZEF, Genie and Morgan (for a review see [4]) integrates coding statistics that are different for coding and non-coding region, with other signals, such as splice site models, poly-adenylation signals and start and stop codons to find genes. We aim to develop a novel ab initio method for exon prediction using support vector machines that will successfully distinguish true exons verus decoy exons, as well as performing the harder task of distinguishing true exons from alternatively-spliced exons. Comparative sequence analysis using vertebrate genomes will provide features that will aid alternative exon prediction.


Although many binary heavy rare‐earth alloy systems have been studied extensively, there has been little work reported on the Dy‐Lu system. The properties of single‐crystal DyxLu1−x films grown by molecular beam epitaxy are reported. SQUID magnetometer and neutron diffraction measurements on samples with x=0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 show that the samples order helimagnetically with Neel temperatures of TN=90, 105, and 120 K, respectively. The helical turn angle was mapped as a function of temperature for each of the three alloys. Magnetic x‐ray scattering, the first in an alloy, was observed at the (002)± positions at 15 and 60 K in the x=0.4 sample using resonant exchange scattering of synchrotron radiation at the Dy LIII edge.


Phytoliths have been widely recognized in the fossil record of the palaeoanthropological site of Olduvai Gorge, northern Tanzania. Current research, carried out by the OLAPP team members (Olduvai Landscape Palaeoenthropology Project) on hominin land use in the Basin during the  Plio-Pleistocene, has a strong palaeoenvironmental emphasis on the palaeovegetation in particular. Vegetation reconstruction, through phytolith analyses, is based on the relationship between phytolith morphology and abundance in the living plants with those found in the modern soils and its later comparison to palaoeanthropological levels in a very narrow time stratigraphic and spatial constraints (deposition of Lowermost Bed II in the eastern margin of the ancient paleolake). Samples were collected both from the Gorge and from analogous regions close by assuming that the fossil vegetation (1.5 million years ago) bore some resemblance to analogous ecosystems. The results were later compared  to  those  obtained  from  the  study  of  fossilized  macroplants  from  the  same  areas.  Despite  the  lose  of  certain  phyhtolith morphotypes due to postdepositional processes, noted in modern and fossil soils, it was possible to identify, in the later, in several samples, phytoliths in enough number to show a diverse and changing vegetation through relatively short periods of time. A post-depositional model is proposed and the palaeovegetation is reinterpreted keeping in mind the results obtained.


There are two subspecies of the flea Polygenis (Polygenis) platensis (Jordan & Rothschild). We analyzed characters which are considered diagnostic of males and females of these subspecies, including length of the setae of the hind tibia and hind tarsal segments, the number of setae on the basal abdominal sternum, and the number of setae on the outer surface of the hind femur. In females, the shape of the ventral margin of the bulga of the spermatheca and in males, the number of convolutions of the coil of aedeagal tubus inferior were also examined. There was great variation in every characteristic observed, independent of locality of collection and host taxonomic group. However, a combination of the different states of the characters, as presented in the original descriptions of the subspecies and in keys in the literature, was not observed. Therefore, we state that there is no evidence for the maintenance of these two taxa as separate subspecies, and Polygenis platensis cisandinus is considered a synonym of P. (P.) platensis platensis syn.n.


Nowadays, going to elite schools becomes a fashion for students worldwide. However, there are also increasing concerns on the functions and social impacts of the elite education. This essay is going to discuss the following three topics: first, the characteristics of the elite universities and the reasons and implications behind; next is on the characteristics of the students who received elite educations form the top universities in the States; and last is on the social impacts and future of the elite education.


Reversed field pinch configuration with a poloidal-open divertor has been realized quasi-continuously on TPE-2M device with close-fitting shell. Significant increase of liner temperature near the separatrix has been observed, indicating strong heat transport through the separatrix, consistent with calculated last closed flux surface from measured magnetic fields. Spectroscopic measurement has shown that impurities from the limiters and the first wall rapidly increase right after divertor configuration is realized, which are supposed to be due to a short connection length between the separatrix and the wall. Characteristics of resistive kink modes have been found to be similar to those without divertor. Apppearance of local magnetic fluctuations near separatrix, however, have been observed by the onset of divertor fields, but not to grow to the disruption.


Information Security (IS) is a concept that is related to protecting a set of data in order to preserve the value it has for an individual or an organization. A review of the literature shows there are four main aspects related to IS: confidentiality, integrity, availability and non-repudiation. Based on these four aspects, a new framework is put forward for analyzing the information security maturity model (ISMM) in an organization, assuming that each organization has a minimum level of information security policies in each aspect, taking into consideration the percentage of policies that this organization has from all those cited in our model. At the end, a case study was conducted in order to analyze the ISMM of a public and private sector company.


Fixed costs can take many forms, including the monetary expenditures for purchasing equip- ment, the time required to travel for consumption, and investments to establish social relationships. The presence of fixed costs reduces consumer trial and partially explains the prevalence of non-purchase in many product categories. When utility maximizing consumers are faced with significant fixed costs they will often decide to not make a purchase. The estimation of models with fixed costs is challenged both by the presence of discontinuities in the likelihood function associated with the purchase of the first unit and by the possibility that different choice alternatives may share the same fixed cost. In this paper we develop a demand model with fixed costs that are shared among multiple goods. Using conjoint analysis, we demonstrate its application to the purchase of equipment and supplies for veterinary testing.


This study examines the use of epidural anesthesia for the performance of endoscopic preperitoneal herniorrhaphy as regards length of stay, anesthetic-related complications and postoperative recovery.


Two phases have been detected by XRD measurements in a commercial sodium carbonate in air contact: Na2CO3�H2O and pure Na2CO3. TG, DTG and DSC analysis evidenced that the water loss is taking place in two steps: a …rst strongest mass fall is of 8.5% in the temperature range 64-113 o C and the second mass loss is of 1.4% recorded in the range 130-460 o C. The melting process begins at 831.8 o C and it is …nished at 852.0 o C, having its maximum point at 843.6 o C as seen on DSC curve. The concentrations of the two phases has been calculated both from XRD and thermal measurements. Speci…c heat capacity for anhydrous sodium carbonates exhibits a metallic behavior from 400 to 574 K then, from 574 K to 806 K a clear decrease is occurred. By extrapolating the linear …t, in the range temperature 400.43-403.19 K, for the speci…c heat capacity of the anhydrous sodium carbonates, we calculated a value of 1.073 J g 1 K 1 at 20 o C. A metallic behavior is also observed for the mixture of the two phases before the beginning of dehydration process.


Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an ancient virus, and has probably coevolved with its different hosts over the last 90–100 million years (McGeoch et al., 1995). With the ability to establish lifelong latency and intermittent reactivation after primary infection and with limited clinical symptoms in the majority of infected individuals, EBV has become ubiquitous in all human populations


The invention discloses a dimming controller for a light-emitting diode (LED) light source, a driving circuit and a dimming method. The dimming controller can include a voltage control terminal and a current control terminal. The voltage control terminal provides a pulse signal when the dimming controller operates in the first mode to operate a control switch in either a first state or a second state. A first current flowing through the LED light source increases when the control switch is in the first state and decreases when the control switch is in the second state. The voltage control terminal provides a control signal to the control switch to cut off the first current when the dimming controller operates in the second mode. The current control terminal conducts a second current through the LED light source when the dimming controller operates in the second mode. According to the invention, a wider range dimming for the LED light source is achieved, which increases the energy utilization efficiency, and enhances the lighting stability of the LED light source.


Purifier is an auxiliary plane which serves to separate oil, water and dirt by weight of substances that due to the centrifugal force. Purifier used in the ship there are two types of lubricating oil purifier and fuel purifier. Purifier works with centrifugal force, how it works is to fuel still contains impurities and water into the purifier and separated by a rotating bowl for their motorcycles, then oil, dirt and water and dirt will be thrown. Due to differences in specific gravity so dirt and grease will be thrown into Purifier wall and into the sludge tank, while oil will go into sevice tank (Jackson and Morton1977).
In order to maintain the performance of the Purifier, it is necessary to do maintenance and checking. Purifier is very important because in the fuel system and also the performance of diesel engines, the maintenance and checks need to be done in order to fuel used for aircraft engine is maintained viscosity. The treatments include: treatment of the motor / elektromotor, maintenance of lubricating oil, maintenance on the faucet, and care for others. Check the size of gravity disc to prevent overtopping of fuel and also the cleaning disc of dirt on the outside and inside walls.
Following the regular maintenance, it will be detected whatever the result of the treatment, such as: Keeping Fuel Oil Purifier work optimally, avoid overtopping fuel, avoid damaging the heavier / large, minimize damage to the Fuel Oil Purifier. Then from doing these treatments never happens overtopping fuel for installation errors gravity disc, the erosion gear connected to the motor and shaft, then viscosity lubricating oil must be maintained so as to lubricate the gear-gear perfectly and also round not a flashlight on the motor, so the rubber coupling must be maintained in order to keep the motor rotates with the stable.

Keywords :Purifier


Development of new kinase inhibitors is an area of interests for many scientists from both industry and academia. Such inhibitors may be applied as agents for treatment of wide range of inflammatory and proliferative diseases. However utilization of kinase inhibitors is limited by severe side effects, which are the consequences of low selectivity. Also, it is limited by the acquired resistance to therapy, which is the consequence of high rate of single point mutations in protein kinase genes and dynamic nature of human kinome. This implies that experimental assessment of selectivity of kinase inhibitors at the early stages of drug discovery process is necessary. Since the aim is finding inhibitors, which are characterized by acceptable profile of selectivity, to achieve the balance between efficacy and safety. Applicability of existing protein kinases classification based on similarity of amino-acid sequences of kinase domains to optimize the experimental screening is limited [1]. In our study we created a set of sub-micromolar inhibitors of 270 protein kinases. The network of relationships between protein kinases was built using of this set. The network was clusterized. The derived clusters, relationships inside them and between them represent some kind of "Road Map", which may be used to plan rational experimental screenings without any additional computations. We will overview the reasons of serious differences between the results of clusterization based on inhibitors selectivity and similarity of amino acid sequences for human protein kinases from the point of view of evolutionary biology.


In our study,we evaluated the association of preoperative GSTP1 hypermethylation in men with clinically localized PCa who underwent radical prostatectomy with serum PSA recurrence, on a period of 24 months.We included in our study a number of seventy males with clinically localized PCa, who underwent radical prostatectomy at the Urology Clinic from County Emergency Hospital Timisoara.All serum samples were collected before prostatectomy .PSA recurrence was defined as a single postoperative PSA level ≥0.2ng/ml.Of the 70 males from our study, 39(55.71%) experienced biochemical serum PSA recurrence within the study period (median time to PSA recurrence 2 years),compared to the 31(44.29 %) nonrecurrent males who did not experienced PSA recurrence.Our study suggests that preoperative serum GSTP1 might be used as a predictive biomarker for men with clinically localized PCa following radical prostatectomy.


Purpose – The purpose of this essay is to argue the importance of the humanities as a problem‐solving "system", one which has for thousands of years provided humankind with the tools to make reasoned decisions about complex problems in an ever‐changing world.Design/methodology/approach – This essay places the idea of complexity within a historical and philosophical context.Findings – The rise of new technologies has resulted in the notion that human beings are no longer capable of addressing complex problems. Too dogmatic a reliance upon technology, however, instead of leading to clarity, can lead to chaos and confusion.Social implications – One of the few remaining "big structures" which retains a significant degree of public trust is higher education. If we continue to devalue the one area of study – the humanities – which has as its ultimate purpose precisely the analysis of "complex issues" – in favor of quasi‐human systemic solutions or an alteration of the "epistemology" of education, we will surely...


The scope of the position of women in families and households and the wider community has a dual role, this means that a woman does not only play a role as a domestic workforce where her position gives support to other breadwinners to take advantage of existing employment opportunities but also women as workforce looking for a living that brings results directly. Women as laborers not only devote their time to taking care of the household but also to work. This study aims to analyze the outpouring of women's working hours as an economic stabilization effort for the family of Pepper Farmers in Delas Village, Air Gegas District, South Bangka Regency. It was observed that there was no influence on age, family income, and the number of family dependents on working hours and how they affected the family's economy. Data analysis methods used in this study are multiple linear regression models or OLS. In this study, the sample used was 60 female farmers. The sampling of farmers was carried out by simple random sampling (simple random sampling). The results of the data analysis showed that the variable unit (X1) had a positive and significant effect on the outpouring of women's work time while the Family Revenue (X2) and Dependent Amount (X3) variables had a positive but insignificant effect on the working hours of the rubber farmers in Dari Village. The results of this study also show that female pepper farmers have a small contribution to the family's economy because the nature of their work as a form of additional income is not for main income.


Evelyn Kallen. Spanning the Generations: A Study in Jewish Identity. Don Mills, Ontario: Longman Canada, 1977. x + 157 pp. Bibliography and index. $3.95, paper.


The present study was designed to investigate whether or not nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) are involved in endothelium‐dependent relaxations evoked by acetylcholine. Male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR, 36 weeks) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY, 36 weeks & 64 weeks), and both female and male Sprague‐Dawley rats (SD, 30 weeks) were used. The aortic rings were incubated with vehicle, mecamylamine (nAChRs inhibitor), atropine [muscarinic receptor (mAChRs) inhibitor], or the combination of the two inhibitors, and then exposed to cumulatively increasing concentrations of acetylcholine to trigger relaxations. The results demonstrated that in SHR, WKY and SD aortae, acetylcholine‐induced relaxations were similar in control and mecamylamine‐treated rings, while the relaxations were significantly reduced in atropine‐treated preparations. In rings of 36 weeks old male SHRs, the remaining acetylcholine‐induced relaxations in the presence of atropine approximated 50% of control preparations, while the remaining response in atropine‐treated preparations was minimal in 36 weeks and 64 weeks old WKY and in 30 weeks male SD, and averaged 40% of control preparations in 30 weeks old female SD. The remaining response was nearly abolished by the combination of atropine plus mecamylamine In conclusion, mAChRs are mainly responsible for endothelium‐dependent relaxations to acetylcholine under control conditions in the rat aorta. However, when mAChRs are inhibited by atropine, nAChRs mediate relaxation to the cholinergic transmitter in male SHR and female SD but not in male WKY and SD. Thus activation of nAChRs contributes to acetylcholine induced endothelium‐dependent relaxations in aorta of hypertensive and female rats but not male healthy rats.


Background GeneXpert Mycobacterial tuberculosis (MTB)/rifampicin (RIF) is a standard primary test for early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and RIF resistance. The GeneXpert technique provides a useful tool for tuberculosis control in endemic areas. Objective To assess the diagnostic performance of GeneXpert and rule out the independent risk factors that influence the outcomes. Patients and methods In all, 452 presumed PTB patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Three consecutives morning sputum samples underwent decontamination and liquefaction. Smear microscope, conventional solid culture media (Lowenstein–Jensen media as reference standards), and GeneXpert were performed in sputum specimens. Results A total of 452 test results uploaded from GeneXpert machine 112/452 (24.7%) showed MTB detection and RIF resistance detected in 9/112 (8%). GeneXpert had a sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 100%, with total accuracy of 97.31%. The percentage of GeneXpert positive outcomes in watery phlegm was highly significant in comparison to mucoid phlegm (odds ratio: 61.30; 95% confidence interval: 14.653–88.01; P<0.01); also GeneXpert MTB detection was significantly higher in sputum smear positive than negative cases (odds ratio: 14.474; 95% confidence interval: 0.086–0.456; P<0.01). Conclusion GeneXpert MTB/RIF is a useful qualitative and quantitative test for early detection of PTB and RIF resistance; moreover, watery sputum and acid-fast bacilli smear positive cases are powerful predictors of Xpert MTB/RIF detection.


This study aims to determine the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure on company value and determine environmental performance moderating the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure on company value on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research was conducted on oil palm plantation sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2014-2018 period. The sample in this study used a purposive sampling technique. The analysis technique used is the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) technique. The results showed that Corporate Social Responsibility did not affect the value of the company. This shows that even though the company has revealed CSR, it does not guarantee an increase in the value of the company. Environmental performance is not able to strengthen the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure on firm value. This shows that the items of environmental performance do not match the CSR disclosures made by the company.


Thermal desorption coupled to capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been used to identify volatile chemicals released from the flowers of five varieties of oilseed rape. An entrainment apparatus for volatile headspace analysis is described. The major classes of compound found were organic sulphides, C4 substituted compounds, aldehydes and terpenes. The possible role of these compounds in the human allergic-type response associated with oilseed rape is discussed.


The Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE) is a multi-expedition project of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) designed to investigate fault mechanics and seismogenesis along subduction megathrusts through reflection and refraction seismic imaging, direct sampling, in situ measurements, and long-term monitoring in conjunction with laboratory and numerical modeling studies. We report here the preliminary results of IODP Expedition 338 (Moore et al., 2013, IODP Preliminary Report 338), one of the NanTroSEIZE expeditions conducted from October 1, 2012 to January 13, 2013. During Expedition 338, riser operations including logging-while-drilling (LWD), mud gas monitoring and cuttings sampling were conducted in Hole C0002F from 856 meters below the sea floor (mbsf) to 2005.5 mbsf (Fig. 1). The following riserless operations included coring at Site C0002 (200–505, 902–940 and 1100.5–1120 mbsf), LWD at Sites C0012 (0–709 mbsf) and C0018 (0–350 mbsf), and LWD and coring at Sites C0021 (0–294 mbsf) and C0022 (0–420 mbsf) (Fig. 1). LWD data, and mud-gas and cuttings analyses in Hole C0002F provided constraints on lithology, structure, physical properties, and geochemistry of the previously unaccessed deeper part of the Nankai accretionary prism. A highly fractured zone identified by LWD resitivity images, a change in lithology of cuttings and the presence of abundant cuttings with slickenlined surfaces suggest a prominent fault zone at ~1640 mbsf. Riserless coring in Holes C0002H, C0002J, C0002K and C0002L provided core samples across the previously unsampled gas hydrate zone of the Kumano Basin, across the unconformity between the Kumano Basin and the underlying accretionary prism, and in the uppermost accretionary prism. A methaneand propane-rich interval at 200–400 mbsf corresponds to the gas hydrate zone inferred from resistivity and sonic log data (Expedition 314 Scientists, 2009, IODP Proceedings 314/315/316). Although gas-rich sands were common, no massive gas hydrates were found in this interval, suggesting disseminated methane hydrate. The irregular erosional unconformity boundary between the Kumano Basin and the underlying accretionary prism was found at 926.7 mbsf in Hole C0002J. LWD logs (Holes C0018B and C0021A) and cores (Hole C0021B) were collected to characterize and correlate mass transport deposits (MTDs) in the slope basin seaward of the megasplay fault zone. The thickest MTD of Hole C0021B (133.8–176.2 mbsf) is correlated with that of Hole C0018A (127.5–188.6 mbsf; Expedition 333 Scientists, 2012, IODP Proceedings 333), based on a traceable prominent seismic reflector at their top as well as such common features as steep and chaotic bedding inferred from resistivity images, structures observed in cores, an interval of undeterminable paleomagnetism, a low PO4 anomaly of interstitial water chemistry, and a lower interval of relatively high shear strength. LWD and coring at Site C0022 provided logging data and cores across the tip of the megasplay fault, which had been drilled through and sampled at the interval of 256–315 mbsf in Hole C0004D (Expedition 316 Scientists, 2009, IODP Proceedings 314/315/316). The megasplay fault zone is inferred to be located at the interval of 80–145 mbsf in Hole C0022B, based on biostratigraphic reversals, bedding dips >20°, and a change in trend of interstitial water chemistry data. LWD at a subduction input site of Site C0012 provided petrophysical data to complement coring during Expeditions 322 and 333 (Expedition 322 Scientists, 2010, IODP Proceedings 322; Expedition 333 Scientists, 2012), and revealed that the top ~100 m of the oceanic basement is altered to variable degrees.


PURPOSE: A continuous location information service terminal, a system and method thereof are provided to detect the position of a dead zone. CONSTITUTION: A GPS antenna(100) receives a GPS signal from a plurality of GPS satellites. A GPS repeater(200) receivers the GPS signal and retransmits it to indoor. A plurality of magnetic field generators(400,500) are installed in a specific space and generates magnetic field by predetermined time difference. A location information supply terminal(300) includes a GPS sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor. The location information supply terminal receives the GPS signal from the GPS repeater and calculates the attitude information of an acceleration sensor and the geomagnetic sensor to calculate relative position in the specific space.