Suppose we are given examples x1, x2 . . . , xm drawn from a probability distribution D over some discrete space X. In the end, our goal is to estimate D by finding a model which fits the data, but is not too complex. As a first step, we need to be able to measure the quality of our model. This is where we introduce the notion of maximum likelihood. To motivate this notion suppose D is distributed according to one out of two possible density functions q1 and q2. Intuitively, if we observe that q1(xi) is typically much larger than q2(xi), we will tend to conclude that D is distributed according to q1.


I recently overheard a man respond to the Death Penalty issue by saying, "Kill 'em all and let God sort 'em out." I'm not certain of the origins of this popular cliché, but crude, or, "god awfulm" as it sounds, it is, nonetheless, a theological statement. It other words, it says as much about one's notion of God as one's humanity. In particular, it makes God into a glorified accountant, a man in the sky who's "making a list and checking it twice." When put so directly, this seems a peculiar and rather limited theology. But the idea that God keeps account of just about everything has been around for centuries, and is particularly central to Christianity. Jesus himself reportedly said, "even the hairs of your head are all numbered."1


The invention provides an improved structure of a power supply circuit capable of correcting power factors. The power supply circuit comprises a power supply circuit output end and a voltage negativefeedback circuit, wherein, the power supply circuit output end comprises a high-potential end and a low-potential end; the voltage negative feedback circuit comprises a first feedback circuit and a second feedback circuit which are successively connected in series from the high-potential end to the low-potential end, and the connection point of the first feedback circuit and the second feedback circuit forms a feedback signal output end of the voltage negative feedback circuit, which outputs a feedback signal. In the improved structure, a light source subcircuit comprising constant current light source is used for replacing the first feedback circuit, and a resistance subcircuit for determining light source working current is used for replacing the second feedback circuit. The improved structure can perform constant circuit supply with high power factors and high efficiency for the light source.


Tony Kushner deploys discourses of immunology, virology, and politics in Angels in America to depathologize homosexuality and AODS. In the 1940s and 1950s, immunology and virology became saturated with a Cold War consciousness as they drew upon medical fears of illness that paralleled politcal fears of communist infiltration and invasion. These fears manifested themselves in the identification of communisits and homosexuals as diseased elements of an otherwise healthy American body politics. By depicting the effects of AIDS on several homosexuals in New York City in the mid-1980s, including Joseph MacCarthy's right hand man, Roy Cohn, Kushner calls attention to the shared Cold War metaphors of McCarthyism, immunology, and virology, and revises those metaphors in the age of AIDS.


Principles of textile testing: an introduction to physical methods of testing textile fibres, yarns and fabrics , Principles of textile testing: an introduction to physical methods of testing textile fibres, yarns ... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


A concept of functional dependency in XML documents based on constraint-tree is proposed. The definition proposed in our paper overcomes the shortcomings of previous definitions in the following aspects: (1) it captures the tree-structured characteristics of XML documents in structure; (2) it considers a more general situation of XML functional dependencies based on sub-trees with some constraint conditions in XML documents. The relationship between our definition of XML functional dependencies and other related definitions is also discussed in the paper


This paper presents an efficient approach for computing the response of microstrip circuits over a range of frequencies. Computational efficiency is achieved by first constructing the solutions for the current distributions by using the Characteristic Basis Function Method (CBFM) at a few frequency points within the desired band, and then re-using them as independent macro-basis functions at other frequencies within the desired range. Numerical results for a microstrip array, derived by using the direct and CBFM approaches, are included to illustrate the accuracy of the proposed approach.


A one-story butler-style building was renovated to become a trendy 6 guest-room hotel, at the corner of a city intersection. Road noise infiltrates the rooms, some guests have publicly complained. Various measurements were made and will be presented, including: Noise Reduction (NR); Reverberation Time (RT); short- and long-duration overall and frequency-band LAeq; AOITC; and leakage path investigations. Several noise treatments will be presented.A one-story butler-style building was renovated to become a trendy 6 guest-room hotel, at the corner of a city intersection. Road noise infiltrates the rooms, some guests have publicly complained. Various measurements were made and will be presented, including: Noise Reduction (NR); Reverberation Time (RT); short- and long-duration overall and frequency-band LAeq; AOITC; and leakage path investigations. Several noise treatments will be presented.


this paper expounds the sources types of environmental pollution in coal preparation plant and the harm they may produce.And concrete measures aimed at different types of pollution are presented.This makes a reference for establishing a neat coal preparation plant.


The temperature-sensitive α-factor receptor (Ste2-3p) and arginine permease (Can1 ts p) were found to provide the model substrates for quality control of plasma membrane proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . When the ste2-3 mutant cells were grown at 34°C, Ste2-3p failed to accumulate at the plasma membrane and was delivered to the vacuole for degradation without traversing the plasma membrane. Upon reaching the vacuole, cytoplasmic domains of both Ste2p and Ste2-3p appeared within the vacuolar lumen. Four stp mutants were identified to suppress temperature-sensitive defects in both Ste2-3p and Can1 ts p. The stp22 and STP26 mutations also caused missorting of vacuolar protein carboxypeptidase Y, and a subset of vacuolar protein sorting mutants ( vps ) suppressed ste2-3 mutation. In the stp22 mutant, both Ste2p and Ste2-3p accumulated in the prevacuolar compartment (PVC) and on the plasma membrane. Three independent mutations that bypassed the phenotype of stp22Δ mutant were identified and mapped to the SNF8 locus, and they were found to affect a single amino acid residue (G209D). The mutant protein, Snf8 bp p, but not Snf8p, was able to compensate for the lack of functional Stp22p and to restore PVC-to-vacuole trafficking. The order of function for some VPS genes involved in PVC-to-vacuole traffic (class E) was determined by using this special snf8 bp allele. In addition, a PtdIns 4-kinase encoded by the PIK1 gene was found to be involved in Ste2-3p trafficking, possibly affecting the PVC function.


In distribution network, the construction of multi-contact switch can increase the load transfer path and improve the operating flexibility. However, it also brings a problem about how to make full use of the spare load capacity of the multi-contact switches in the distribution network fault restoration. The distributed intelligent feeder automation system can quickly complete the fault location, isolation and restore power supply. Therefore, the intelligent optimization power supply restoration algorithm of multi-contact distribution network based on distributed intelligent feeder automation system is proposed. Taking the least interrupted load as objective and the maximum use of the spare load capacity of contact switch as recovery rule, then the recovery program is determined by the topology of the non-fault zone and the concept of the boundary switch introduced, which can short the search space and time. The effectiveness and feasibility of the power supply restoration is verified by Simulation analysis.


(1968). Fluorescent antibody studies of staining and Vibrio bubulus (V.b.) were identified in semen, preputial fluid, and pure culture by immunofluorescent staining. Fluorescein-conjugated antiserum to each of three strains of V.f. and to one.strain of V.b. was prepared and used to treat smears prepared from five strains of v.f. and three of V.b. Cross staining occurred between homolo- gous antigens and conjugate, but not between V.f. and V.b. Non-specific staining of sper- matozoa and cellular debris was greatly re-duced by modifying the technique of pre- paring the conjugate and by mixing rhoda-mine-conjugated anti-semen serum in the fluorescein conjugates.-Reprinted from "The Veterinary Bulletin", Vol. 38, No. 10, October, 1968.


Throughout gestation, the placenta is vital for proper development of the fetus. Disruptions in trophoblast, the main functional cell type of the placenta, stress the pregnancy, with potential adverse outcomes for both mother and baby. While the placenta typically functions as an effective pathogen barrier to protect the fetus, there are scenarios in which viral infections either cross the placenta or disturb its function. Here, we briefly review placental morphologic and functional changes across pregnancy and how these relate to routes for and protection from pathogens. We then explore the potential advantages and limitations of the current primary trophoblast models (primary cultures/explants, cell lines, trophoblast stem cells and trophoblast organoids) and stem cell-derived trophoblast models (naïve and primed embryonic stem cells [ESCs], and blastoids) and discuss these in the context of what is already known about (1) how viruses cross the placenta and the mechanisms that are used for its protection and (2) how these protective mechanisms change across gestation.


The effect of the Gribov horizon in Euclidean $SU(2)$ gauge theory is studied. Gauge fields on the Gribov horizon yield zero modes of ghosts and anti-ghosts. We show these zero modes can produce additional ghost interactions, and the Landau gauge changes to a nonlinear gauge effectively. In the infrared limit, however, the Landau gauge is recovered, and ghost zero modes may appear again. We show ghost condensation happens in the nonlinear gauge, and the zero mode repetition is avoided.


We evaluated the results of treatment of 215 pediatric patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Median age at diagnosis was 14 (5 - 18 y.o). Thyroidectomy performed in 105, subtotalthyroidectomy in 8, lobectomy - in 102, additional lymph node dissection - in 169, radioiodine ablation/ therapy - in 102 patients. Follicular variant PTC was found in 41 (19%), solid - in 37 (17%), diffuse sclerosing - in 3 (1%), the remaining had a classical PTC with mainly papillary (90; 42%) or follicular (44; 21%) pattern. 21% had multifocal PTC, 4,6% - extrathyroidal extension, 62% - regional lymph node metastases, 12% - lung metastases. The follow up was 95 months (6 - 301 mo). All patients are alive. Recurrence of PTC occurred in 37 (17%): 7 - thyroid remnant, 26 - cervical lymph nodes, 4 - distant lung metastases. Prognostic factors for distant metastases were young age at diagnosis <12 years old (OR 3.4, р <0.022), tumor size more then 3 cm (OR 3.2, р <0.027) and lateral cervical lymph node metastases (OR 21.39, р <0.0001). Risk of recurrence was higher in multifocal PTC (OR 2.4, р <0.009), regional lymph node metastases (OR 7.4, р <0,008) and distant metastases (OR 3.2, р <0,01). The highest risk of relapse had the patients with solid variant of PTC. Radical surgery diminished the risk of relapse (OR 0.3, р <0.002). There was no evidence of impact of radioiodine therapy on risk of recurrence (р=0.66).


This bulletin updates a previous report published by the NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research which examined trends in sentencing in NSW Criminal Courts between 1990 and 1997. In the present analysis, trends in imprisonment rates and in the average length of imprisonment between 1990 and 2000 are examined for the major offence categories of murder, manslaughter, assault, sexual assault, sexual offences against children, robbery, burglary/break and enter, fraud/forgery, and deal or traffic in opiates. The results show that the percentage of convicted persons imprisoned for each of these offences has either risen or remained stable in both the Higher and Local Courts. In addition, the average length of imprisonment imposed has remained stable for most of the offences. The exception to this general trend in the NSW Local Courts is a significant increase in the imprisonment term imposed for deal or traffic in opiates offences. In the NSW Higher Courts, there was a significant decrease in the imprisonment term imposed for robbery offences. The decreased imprisonment term, however, is offset by an upward trend in the proportion of convicted robbery offenders who were imprisoned over this time period.


This study aimed to assess the response and completion rates for patient and caregiver stroke outcome booklets administered by post. The study also investigated whether the inclusion of a sixty-item, multiple domain outcome measure; the stroke impact scale (SIS) in the booklets affected response and completion rates. A consumer group informed the development of two patient booklets: one with four outcomes (without the SIS) and one with five (including the SIS). A caregiver booklet comprising four outcomes was also prepared. The booklets were posted to the homes of 51 stroke patients and 33 caregivers. The response rate was 84% and 79% for patients and their caregivers, respectively. Completion rates for individual outcomes were 85% and above for all outcomes except the EuroQol (79%) and the SIS (41%). For the EuroQol, 60% of uncompleted items were accounted for by one item: the selfrating health scale. Uncompleted items for the SIS were randomly distributed. The completion rate for patient booklets withou...


The comparative analysis of topographo-anatomical peculiarities of various surgical accesses to esophagus was carried out. Assessment criteria were wound depth, surgical angle and axial surgical angle. Right-side thoracotomy in intercostal space V was found to be the most adequate assess to radical surgery with extensive intrathoracic lymphatic dissection for patients with cardioesophageal cancer.


In this paper we investigate the connection between language and community membership of long time community participants through computational modeling techniques. We report on findings from an analysis of language usage within a popular online discussion forum with participation of thousands of users spanning multiple years. We find community norms of long time participants that are characterized by forum specific jargon and a style that is highly informal and shows familiarity with specific other participants and high emotional involvement in the discussion. We also find quantitative evidence of persistent shifts in language usage towards these norms across users over the course of the first year of community participation. Our observed patterns suggests language stabilization after 8 or 9 months of participation.


From the point of view of status quo and the future of urban land use of China, the paper suggests that the main challenges which the urban land use is facing at the turn of the centuries are rapid urbanization, extensive urban land use, disequilibrium of mechanism of urban land use and ill urban land use structure. Some corresponding countermeasures concerned are then brought out on the base of the challenges and specific national conditions of China.


The data leaks of the Bahamas and Panama Papers made an astonished global public aware of the excess of financial flows towards tax heavens around the globe. These leaks, secretly analyzed by a global journalist network (International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ)), showed in detail what, after decades of global capital market liberalization and rising wealth concentration in most countries around the globe, had so far remained a "best-known secret" among tax experts: economic elites have resigned from contributing to state financing, multinational corporations frequently use tax heavens to bypass domestic tax obligations and reduce or even eliminate tax payments, and consulting firms set up an industry with the very aim to help their clients to cheat.


Planning of lake ecological engineering is not only a simple water pollution control system,but it also involves regulating and distributing of water resources,planning of land utilization,and ecological reconstruction,etc.The authors applied analysis modeling for multiple\|objectives decision to the study on planning of ecological engineering in Yanqi Basin of Lake Bosten,and it got an optimum program on ecological engineering in Yanqi Basin by building of planning model,and optimum seeking for multiple\|objectives decision analysis.It is of certain directive significance for the planning of other lake ecological engineering.


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a crippling disease that brings about destruction of joint architecture through a chronic inflammatory condition. This involves excessive and sustained activation of the cells in the joints such that there is uncontrolled nonmalignant growth of the synovium, overproduction of connective tissue-degrading enzymes by synovial cells and chondrocytes, and excessive and uncontrolled calcium resorption by cells in the underlying bone. These events occur partly through invasion of articular joints by lymphoid cells, and through excessive release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators from those cells as well as from the resident cells that line the joint or are found in the underlying bone. The etiology of the original pathogenic event in arthritis is not known, and may indeed consist of multiple causes. However, the autoimmune nature of RA (hypergammaglobulinemia, rheumatoid factor production, acute phase protein production, lymphocyte invasion coupled with their continued growth and maturation in the joint) has suggested that regulatory elements of the immune system are intimately involved with the pathology of this disease.' Cytokines are regulatory proteins secreted by a variety of cell types in the immune system. They affect the activation state, differentiation, maturation, and function of other cell types in the immune system as well as those in the major organ systems. Some of the systems affected by cytokines include the immune system'-5 (lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, eosinophils, and neutrophils); febrile and hepatic acute-phase response4 (hepatocytes and hypothalamic cells); vascular endothelium;lS6 neuronal and non-neuronal tissues of the brain'.' (pituitary cells, astrocytes, and neuronal cells); hematopoietic ~ y s t e m ~ . ~ (bone marrow stem cells, peripheralized precursor cells); and bone and joint (chondrocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and synovial cells). Articular joints, the lungs, and various other tissues are innervated by nociceptive nerve fibers, which are capable of secreting vasodilatory neuropeptides.'O The phenomenon called neurogenic inflammation encompasses the inflammatory response of connective tissue and immune cells to neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and vasoactive amines. The evidence for involvement of the nervous system and its products in inflammation is becoming more ~ompelling."-'~ For example, elevated levels of substance P (SP) have been detected in inflammatory exudates?Oand intraarticular infusion of SP exacerbated adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.16 Fibroblasts respond to SP1* and to bradykininl8 with increased DNA synthesis and secretion of


In this study, public policies related to personal mobility was called as mobility policy and it was speculated what the conditions are necessary for just mobility policy based on classical political philosophy. Through the speculations, the following thesis was derived. First, government should contributes to increase of social goodness; second for the increase, second, mobility policy sometimes should decrease the quality of mobility; third, mobility policy should contributes of social well-being; and forth, mobility policy should implement both mobility design to develop preferable transportation system and mobility management to change people's attitudes and behavior modifications.


Hangzhou-Qiandaohu highway Qiandaohu 1st bridge engineering experiences show that techniques like sideslip,longitudinal shift,side upgrade,can efficiently solve problems of large-span precast T beams erection in area restricted mountain.


Four cases of lobar or near lobar air-space consolidation secondary to pulmonary embolism are presented, and the problems of differential diagnosis, particularly from pneumonia, are discussed.


Experiments were conducted about tissue culture systems and cryopreservation on Xinjiang wild apple(Malus sieversii(Lebed.) M.Roem.).A suitable procedure was established as follows: four weeks after subculture,shoot-tips about 2~3 cm in length were precultured for 3 days on MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mol/L sucrose and 5% DMSO,and pretreated in 60% plant vitrification solution(PVS2) for 30 minutes at room temperature,then followed by dehydration with PVS2 for 40 minutes at 0℃ and put into liquid nitrogen for 24 hours.The survival and regeneration rate of shoot tips treated in this way was 93.3% and 86.7% respectively.The plantlets could nomally grow and differentiation.The plantlets were subjected to genetic analysis using SSR molecular marker,and the genetic difference was not found.


This dissertation investigates the hydroclimatic controls on drainage network dynamics and characterizes the variation of drainage density in various climate regions. The methods were developed to extract the valley and wet channel networks based on Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data including the elevation and intensity of laser returns. The study watersheds were selected based on the availability of streamflow observations and LiDAR data. Climate aridity index was used as a quantitative indicator for climate. The climate controls on drainage density were re-visited using watersheds with minimal anthropogenic interferences and compared with the U-shape relationship reported in the previous studies. A curvature-based method was developed to extract a valley network from 1-m LiDARbased Digital Elevation Models. The relationship between drainage density and climate aridity index showed a monotonic increasing trend and the discrepancy was explained by human interventions and underestimated drainage density due to the coarse spatial resolution (30-meter) of the topographic maps used in previous research. Observations of wet channel networks are limited, especially in headwater catchments in comparison with the importance of stream network expansion and contraction. A systematic method was developed to extract wet channel networks based on the signal intensities of LiDAR ground returns, which are lower on water surfaces than on dry surfaces. The frequency distributions of intensities associated with wet surface and dry surface returns were constructed. With the aid of LiDAR-based ground elevations, signal intensity thresholds were identified for extracting wet channels. The developed method was applied to Lake Tahoe area during recession


In feature based systems support for direct manipulation is not commonly available. This is partly due to the strong reliance of feature modelling systems on constraints and on the lack of speed of current constraint solv ers. In this paper an approach to the optimization of the geometric constraint solving for the specific situation of direct manipulation is described. Also a solution for a direct manipulation interface was designed that brings to feature modelling the advantages of direct manipulation while taking into account the main feature model ling paradigm concepts. Details are provided on how it was implemented successfully in the SPIFF feature mod elling system.


The present invention relates to a basic repetitive cycle designed to operate heavy equipment. Heavy equipment comprising a working instrument; an actuator for operating the work apparatus; electrical bus; electrical bus connected to the actuator for the power supply; a capacitor configured to be connected to an electrical bus for a portion of the basic repetitive cycle and enhanced during the receive power from a power source substantially repeated in another part of the power cycle; logic module comprises a computerized controller, the logic for the bus before electrically connecting the capacitor to the predicted demand to an electrical bus, in order to during the predicted demand to maintain a substantially constant voltage on the electrical bus, in order to prevent the voltage on the predicted demand may lead to decreased electrical bus, wherein at least partially based upon extrapolation from the heavy equipment by a computerized controller operation of the conventional prediction data related to expected demand, including power generators.


As a result of all previous blood alcohol level (bal) discrimination research with non alcoholics having been conducted in laboratory type settings with very short follow up periods and relatively low bals, the implications of such training for improved traffic safety was not known. In a series of weekly drinking sessions nine young males who frequently consumed liquor together received training in bal discrimination in a social setting (homes of three of the subjects). With the exception of a ten minute non drinking period prior to each breath test, no restrictions were placed on the amount of alcohol consumed. By varying at random glass size and type of alcoholic beverage, the subjects were only able to use internal cues. Testing two weeks after training revealed a significant (p less than 0. 001) improvement in bal discriminative ability when the subjects' actual bal was less than or equal to 0.08 Per cent, but for higher readings the result was insignificant (p less than 0.10). During the two post training sessions, the actual bals reached by the subjects were significantly (p less than 0.05) Lower than during the two pre training sessions, suggesting that the discriminative training also had an educational effect, at least in the short term. The performance of the subjects at a four month follow up testing session was no different to that at the pre training sessions, showing that the subjects had not retained their discrimination ability. Factors associated with improvement in discriminative ability, recommendations for future research and implications of the findings for improved traffic safety are discussed (a).


We study Liouville theory on worldsheets with boundary using the solutions of Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation involving a degenerate representation of the Virasoro algebra. The expression for bulk-boundary propagator on a disc is proposed.


Birefringence measurements of several types have been carried out as a function of temperature on films of polyacrylonitrile and a 7% vinyl acetate copolymer. The stress‐optical coefficient is positive with a value of about +2 Br in the glassy state, and becomes negative as temperature increases through the glass transition region. Pronounced nonlinear stress‐optical behavior is seen in the homopolymer at room temperature and above. Drawn samples have a negative orientation birefringence which changes gradually toward positive values as temperature is increased; the homopolymer and copolymer curves cross zero at about +150° and +195°C, respectively. Temperature cycling of undrawn homopolymer samples under moderate dead load gives birefringence curves which show striking hysteresis effects. The heating curve goes through a minimum at about +158°C, then rises and crosses to positive values at higher temperatures. The cooling curve of samples heated to temperatures above 158°C shows a steep drop to birefring...


This paper firstly introduces several SLA types in IP networks, then discusses a general SLA framework specifically. Finally shows the frameworks applied to different types of SLAs.


"The success of Beautiful Planning depends on the success of our clientele," says Tatum. "When choosing clients, I exercise complete and total discretion. Because I believe in growing a quality company, we represent clients who are professional, reputable, and display a winning attitude. If those qualities are not at the forefront throughout the sales process, I simply will not add them to our client roster. We only take on a certain number of clients each year and we find that our selective nature greatly contributes to our media placement success, the satisfaction level of our existing clients, and contributes to the greater goal that we will continue to truly love the work that we do. "


Three phenoxazine-based conjugated polymers, namely, the aryl substituted phenoxazine homopolymer (P1) as well as the dimeric phenoxazine-fluorene (P2) and phenoxazine-bithiophene (P3) copolymers, were synthesized via the Ni(0) mediated Yamamoto reaction and the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. The weight-averaged molecular weights (M w ) of P1, P2, and P3 were found to be 27,000, 22,000, and 15,000, respectively, and their polydispersity indices were 3.6, 1.8, and 2.1. All the polymers were soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform, toluene, and so on. The UV-visible absorption maxima for P1, P2, and P3 in the film state were located at 421, 415 and 426 nm, respectively, and the ionization potentials of the polymers ranged between 4.90 and 5.12 eV. All the studied phenoxazine-based polymers exhibited amorphous behavior, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies. Thin film transistors were fabricated using the top-contact geometry. P1 showed much better thin-film-transistor performance than P2 or P3: A thin film of P1 gave a saturation mobility of 0.81 × 10 3 cm 2 V - 1 s -1 and an on/off ratio of about 10 2 .


This case-report describes severe acute respiratory failure in a patient with a COVID-19 positive nasopharyngeal swab that spontaneously resolved within a few hours. It is speculated that the virus may have caused a fleeting pulmonary vasospasm.


Effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources,C/N ratio,inorganic salts on the mycelium growth of Pleurotus abalonus were studied. The results showed that the optimum carbon source,nitrogen source for the mycelium growth of Pleurotus abalonus were glucose and yeast extract powder.The optimum ratio of C/N is 10:1.The optimum consistence of KH_2PO_4,MgSO_4 NaCl,KCl,CaSO_4·2H_2O,H_3BO_3 for mycelium growth of Pleurotus abalonus were 0.2%,0.1%,0.1%,0.5%,0.2%,0.01%,respectively.ZnSO_4·7H_2O had obvious inhibition effect on the mycelium growth.


The influence of the chemical activity effects on moisture transport in the presence of ions in cementitious materials is studied. Wetting-drying tests are carried out on various hardened concretes (sound and fully carbonated) with water. Moisture profiles are experimentally assessed by gamma-ray attenuation. A multispecies and multiphase numerical model, in which the Lin and Lee approach is applied to compute the chemical activity coefficients of water in presence of ions, is used to simulate the transport of ions and moisture. The drying kinetics is analyzed to assess the intrinsic permeability of the material by inverse analysis. Experimental profiles are compared to the simulations to illustrate the relevance of the modeling.


possible. But such facts, if they are to be given, ought to be given correctly, so as to be in accordance with " the latest investigations." Thus we are told that in the visual organ of the echinodermata "nothing is found but a nervous cord and a pigment spot." Yet, as long ago as 1876, Lange demonstrated that there is a distinct differentiated cell in connection with each nerve fibril in the eye of the aster idea. We


Traditional knowledge plays an important role in establishing sustainable relationship between man and nature in a society more dependent on natural environment for various needs. The present investigation was undertaken with an objective to analyze the role of traditional knowledge in the medical therapy of rural areas of Ladakh. Utilization and preference of traditional medical system, sources of knowledge for utilization of amchi medical system, spatial distribution and socio-economic background of traditional medical practitioners, perception of disease and management of health problems were the themes of research. The analysis shows that amchi - an offshoot of Tibetan medical system is not only used but also preferred in rural areas of Ladakh with traditional source of knowledge. Perception of disease and management of various health problems is also based on traditional knowledge. Some suggestions have been made for future health care planning.


3075 Background: Development of a biosimilar involves extensive characterization of the originator product and a target-directed iterative development process ensuring comparability to the originator with similar clinical efficacy, safety and quality. Here we report the physicochemical, functional and pre-clinical pharmacological characterization of a proposed rituximab biosimilar (GP2013). Methods: A variety of physicochemical methods were used to analyze primary and higher order structure, post-translational modifications and size heterogeneity. Functional characterization included a series of bioassays (in vitro target binding, ADCC, CDC and apoptosis) and SPR-based Fc receptor binding assays. Comparative PK and PD were assessed in cynomolgus monkeys, the pharmacologically most relevant species. Results: GP2013 has the same primary amino acid sequence and higher order structure as the originator rituximab and both were comparable with regard to charge variants, specific amino acid modifications, glycan...


To understand the adaptive mechanisms, and the strategy and direction of evolution of exploiting plants for living in oasis-desert transitional areas where there was a water gradient, mechanisms of C4 photosynthesis and antioxidative protection were studied in leaves and assimilating shoots of C3 desert shrub Hedysarum scoparium under water gradient accompanied with high irradiance and high temperature in simulated water gradient trial site that lies in the desert. In this study, C4 pathway was detected in the leaves and assimilating shoots of H. scoparium and the antioxidative enzymatic system was found to be very important in the protection against oxidants, both increasing considerably antioxidative enzymes and C4 photosynthetic enzymes under increasing water stress in C3 plant. The results indicated that the C4 photosynthetic response of assimilating shoots was more positive than that of leaves with water condition exacerbate. It was proposed that the direction of evolution of organs of C4 photosynthesis and positive interaction between antioxidative enzymes and C4 photosynthetic key enzymes in C3 desert species were important factors for plant growth, survival and reproduction in water gradient environment.


Geographical and Energy Aware Routing (GEAR) is an efficient routing protocol in wireless sensor networks (WSN). It behaves well in the face of routing attacks, but it is incapable of defending bogus routing information, sybil attack and selective forwarding. Aimed at this problem, this paper present a location pairwise keys bootstrap scheme based secure geographical and energy aware routing protocol (SGEAR). SGEAR adapted to WSN very well. Then we give the performance analyses of SGEAR. Our performance analyses show that our scheme is efficient to defend above-mentioned attacks.


The present invention relates to a coating for applying the substance (V), in particular a nail, the application group: A bundle of Bristol, the bundle is a bundle comprising a Bristol Bristol having, in particular, non-undulating Bristol, and / or a straight line having at least two kinds of Bristol, and / or non-circular cross-section; Stem which supports the bundle of the Bristol; Cover to the assistance over at least a portion of the stem and its length to form a space that can provide a reservoir of material It includes. Applicator


In the absence of an absolute positioning system, such as GPS, autonomous vehicles are subject to accumu-lation of positional error which can interfere with reliable performance. Improved navigational accuracy without GPS enables vehicles to achieve a higher degree of autonomy and reliability, both in terms of decision making and safety. This paper details the use of two navigation systems for autonomous agents using magnetic field anomalies to localize themselves within a map; both techniques use the information content in the environment in distinct ways and are aimed at reducing the localization uncertainty. The first method is based on a nonlinear observability metric of the vehicle model, while the second is an information theory based technique which minimizes the expected entropy of the system. These conditions are used to design guidance laws that minimize the localization uncertainty and are verified both in simulation and hardware experiments are presented for the observability approach.


BACKGROUND
Hyperlipidemia is one of the metabolic disorders posing great threat to human health. This study is aimed to investigate the potential hypolipidemic properties of extract from peanut meal fermented with Bacillus natto and Monascus in mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD). Herein, sixty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: Control groups: normal group (N), model group (M), positive control group (atorvastatin 10 mg kg ^-1, Ato), nonfermented peanut meal extract group (NF, 150 mg kg ^-1). Experimental groups: fermented peanut meal extract low-dose group (FL, 50 mg kg ^-1), fermented peanut meal extract high-dose group (FH, 150 mg kg ^-1).

RESULTS
Body weight (P=0.001), levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) (P=0.007), triacylglycerol (TG) (P=0.040), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P<0.001) and leptin (P<0.001) were remarkably decreased in FH group, while the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were increased (P<0.001) by 78.3% comparing with M group. The ileum tissue with HE staining showed that the ileal villus detachments in mice were improved, the villus height was increased by supplementation with extract from fermented peanut meal. Moreover, the expressions of intestinal ZO-1 (P=0.003) and Occludin (P=0.013) were elevated in FH group, compared to M group.

CONCLUSION
The extract of peanut meal fermented by Bacillus natto and Monascus can effectively improve hyperlipidemia caused by HFD in mice via regulating leptin and blood lipid levels, and protecting intestinal mucosal barrier, which can provide evidence for its anti-hyperlipidemia effects and research basis for potential industrial development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The traditional methods of detecting ship targets in remote sensing images mostly use sliding window to search the whole image comprehensively. However, the target usually occupies only a small fraction of the image. This method has high computational complexity for large format visible image data. The bottom-up selective attention mechanism can selectively allocate computing resources according to visual stimuli, thus improving the computational efficiency and reducing the difficulty of analysis. Considering of that, a method of ship target detection in remote sensing images based on visual attention model was proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the computational complexity while improving the detection accuracy, and improve the detection efficiency of ship targets in remote sensing images.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention may be used for production of electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cell. Liquid-phase synthesis of multi-component ceramic material in ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -Gd 2 O 3 -MgO system is carried out by selecting salts ZrO(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅2H 2 O, Y(NO 3 ) 3 ⋅5H 2 O, Gd(NO 3 ) 3 ⋅6H 2 O and Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅6H 2 O as initial reagents. Above salts are used to prepare diluted solutions. Reverse precipitation of hydroxides from respective salts is carried out using aqueous ammonia solution NH 4 OH till complete precipitation of all hydroxides and occurrence of the precipitate. Gel-like precipitate is filtered and frozen at -25°C for 24 hours. Synthesized powder of solid solution (ZrO 2 ) 0.92 (Y 2 O 3 ) 0.03 (Gd 2 O 3 ) 0.03 (MgO) 0.02 is subject to thermal treatment at 800°C. Then compacts are formed by the method of uniaxial pressing under pressure of 150 MPa. Above compacts are burned at a temperature of 1400°C in the tube heater with isothermal holding for 2 h and heating rate of 350-400°C/h. EFFECT: invention allows to lower precipitate agglomeration degree, increase its dispersivity and homogeneity and also hydroxide precipitation completeness. 4 dwg, 2 tbl


In this work we present a new type of efficient deep-unrolling networks for solving imaging inverse problems. Classical deep-unrolling methods require full forward operator and its adjoint across each layer, and hence can be computationally more expensive than other end-to-end methods such as FBP-ConvNet, especially in 3D image reconstruction tasks. We propose a stochastic (ordered-subsets) extension of the Learned Primal-Dual (LPD) which is the state-of-the-art unrolling network. In our unrolling network, we only use a subset of the forward and adjoint operator, to achieve computational efficiency. We consider 3 ways of training the proposed network to cope with different scenarios of the availability of the training data, including (1) supervised training on paired data, (2) unsupervised adversarial training which enable us to train the network without paired ground-truth data, (3) equivariant self-supervised training approach, which utilizes equivariant structure which is prevalent in many imaging applications, and only requires measurement data. Our numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in X-ray CT imaging task, showing that our networks achieve similar reconstruction accuracies as the full-batch LPD, while require only a fraction of the computation.


Dexamethasone (16 mg) induced parturition in sheep when injected i n the dam on day 141 of gestation. The mean time of parturition was 49·0 ±2·18 hr after the injection, with 90% of the injected ewes lambed by the 143rd day of gestation compared with the 147th day in the control group. There was no ill effect on the ewe or the lamb born.


Includes a laser beam at least partially proceeds along the beam path aligned along a linear axis, a material that interacts with the laser beam irradiation site to produce EUV light emitting plasma, focus, focus linear It is positioned such that on the shaft, the induced a first reflector that receives the laser beam along the beam path, the laser beam toward the irradiation site receives the laser beam reflected by the first reflector the EUV light source device that can include the second reflector described herein. .FIELD 1


In addition to revealing the events surrounding the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, this is the first book to document a Cold War crisis from both sides of the Iron Curtain. It is based on unprecedented access to previously closed archives of each member of the Warsaw Pact, as well as once highly classified American documents from the National Security Council, CIA, and other intelligence agencies. A highly readable volume, the books offers top-level documents from Kremlin Politburo meetings, multilateral sessions of the Warsaw Pact leading up to the decision to invade, and transcripts of KGB-recorded telephone conversations between Leonid Brezhnev and Alexander Dubcek. To provide a historical and political context, the editors have prepared essays to introduce each section of the volume. A chronology, glossary and bibliography are included as well. The editors are members of the commission appointed by Vaclav Havel to investigate the events of 1967-1970.


Inactivation of bacteria or sterilization has been a major issue in the medical field, especially regarding of human safety, whereby, in a huge scenario fatality can be caused by hazardous bacteria. Often, E-coli as gram-negative bacteria are selected as a key indicator of proper sterilization process as E-coli is tough and dormant bacteria. The technology in sterilization has moved on from chemical, wet and irradiation sterilization to a high promising device such as atmospheric pressure plasma needle jet (APPNJ). It has been reported that atmospheric pressure plasma has provided bundle of advantages over earlier sterilization process. The APPNJ is developed in our lab using high frequency and high voltage neon transformer power supply connected to copper needle and copper sheet electrodes. The gas discharge is Ar gas flowing at 40 L/min through a quartz glass tube. The E-coli bacteria are self-cultured from waste water and then treated with APPNJ. The treatment processes are run into two difference gaps...


Background: Obesity is a chronic and complex disorder which is characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat that affects the normal healthy body. Obesity will influences functions of various systems in the body. Fat accumulation may influence lung function which might deteriorate respiratory well-being. Studies have identified those obese individuals prone to have respiratory symptoms like dyspnea when compared with non obese individuals.Method: So this study aims to find out the lung parameter differences between the obese and non obese collegiate students. Cross sectional study design which involves 80 collegiate students was selected for this study using non probability sampling method. Based on the BMI the students were classified as Obese and Non obese.Result: 40 students with obesity (Class I) and 40 students were non obese all students were ranged with the age group of 18—32 yrs. Once the consent was obtained from the participants all are asked to do the tasks which include six minute walk test and spirometry.Conclusion: The walking time and the FVC, FEV1/FVC & PEFR values were identified. Inferential statistics were done between the groups and the study shows that there was significant differences exist in the walking time and the FVC, FEV1/FVC values between Obese and Non obese individuals.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.351-354


We prove a rigidity of the lightcone in Minkowski space. It is (essentially) the unique space endowed with a lightlike metric and supporting an isometric nonproper action of a semisimple Lie group.


Introduction As part of their many accomplishments in the Gemini 4 spaceflight of 3-7 J u n e 1965, Astronauts James A. McDivitt and Edward H. Whi te successfully carried out several scientific experiments. T h e purpose of one of these, designated S-6, was to photograph selectively and in color a variety of cloud systems. T h e picture on the cover is one of the intriguing scenes photographed f rom a height of about 100 miles. I t shows convective cells in the central North Pacific Ocean with a few vortices along the boundaries of the cells. Cellular cloud patterns, observed in many areas of the world, are the result of weak organized convection occurring in the absence of significant vertical wind shear. They appear in a variety of sizes and types and are frequently seen in T I R O S pictures (Krueger and Fritz, 1961). In the cover photograph, the larger cells are f rom about 20 to 40 miles in width.


It has been traditional practice in the traffic system for desired behaviour to be stimulated by regulations and laws, resulting in the punishment of offences. Until recently, modifying road user behaviour by rewards has not been given much attention in the practice of road safety. The aim of this monograph was to get a better understanding of the possible role of rewards in influencing road user behaviour. To this end, some theoretical notions related to the assumed effects of rewards on behaviour were considered, as well as the role of rewards in other fields of application, and an overview of past studies that have been conducted in this area was presented. The main questions that were addressed are: whether rewards are effective in modifying individual road user behaviour, which types of reward (programs) are more effective than other ones, which other conditions or circumstances mediate this effectiveness, and whether reward programs can be succesfully applied on a larger scale. (A)


One of the most important subjects for the current collection system of high-speed railways is to reduce the contact force fluctuation between contact line and pantograph. The unevenness of contact line is one of the factors that considerably affect the dynamic characteristics of contact line and pantograph system. This paper describes the methods to estimate the static installation quality of contact lines by calculating dynamic characteristics and reports some examples of the estimation of real line conditions. The flowchart of the dynamic estimation method of contact line is shown in Fig. 1. The dynamic characteristics, such as contact force fluctuations of pantographs and motion of contact lines, are calculated from the measured unevenness of contact wires, and the calculated results are diagnosed quantitatively. The static parameters, such as the tension of contact wire and the longitudinal force working on hangers, are derived from the unevenness of contact wire between hangers. The estimation conditions, such as pantograph type and train speed, are set at actual values of the section under estimation. In order to verify the accuracy of the estimating method, the calculated results based on a real unevenness data are compared with the measured results in the same section. Fig. 2 shows a comparison between calculated results and measured results of the maximum strain of contact wire at a support point. The calculated values agree well with the measured values. It is also confirmed that the uplift of contact wire and the contact force of pantograph are similarly in agreement. An example of dynamic estimation of contact line is shown in Fig. 3. In this case, since the calculated values do not exceed the


Oral cancer is the sixth widespread malignancy in the world and one of the leading causes of death. Tobacco and alcohol consumption appears to be the major factors causing oral cancer because many studies report its prevalence resulting from such habits as smoking and alcohol consumption. This article provides an overview of the various etiological agents and risk factors that cause the development of oral cancer and proposes the derivative from olive to obtain the therapeutic effect in cancer treatment.


In the digital technology-art age,traditional musical form like "human voice singing and instrumental symphony" has gradually declined,and is replaced by a new form,namely,the technology-art which is the integration of human and machine.This change makes the reconstruction of the way for music appreciation.Specifically speaking,inner subjectivity,reflection,introspection and experience which are stressed by classical music turn to "subjectivity" of machine and "human-machine" interaction.Computer music thereby becomes a major expression of the changes of contemporary human existence-life style,and is associated with the improvement of human survival and value persistence in an artistry survival and alienated living way.


Abstract Phytoseiidae is the most extensively studied family of predatory mites, some of which are effectively used as biological control agents. Nevertheless, studies of these mites in some Brazilian biomes such as the Pantanal are still scarce. The objective this publication was to assess the diversity of this family in Pantanal vegetation from Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, verifying the importance of the native plants as reservoirs for these mites. Samplings were carried out in five phytophysiognomies of the Pantanal: Cambarazal, Capão (forest islet), Carandazal, Riparian Forest and Paratudal. Thirty-five phytoseiid species were recorded on 40 plant species of 28 families. The most common species were Amblyseius chiapensis De Leon and Euseius concordis De Leon, recorded on 21 and 18 plant species, respectively. Inga vera Willd. (Fabaceae) and Paullinia pinnata L. (Sapindaceae) were the host plants harboring the greatest richness of phytoseiids, 15 and 14 species, respectively. Our results suggest a high diversity of phytoseiid mites in the Pantanal biome. However, as only a small proportion of the total biome area was considered, only a fraction of the mite diversity was probably recovered. Thus, new studies on this biome are needed, especially in other well-preserved native vegetation remnants.


Taking the compressed air as circulated fluid, air drilling has many different characteristics from mud drilling, such as pressure distribution, selection of drilling equipments and the reasonable configuration of drilling parameters. On the basis of the existing theory of air drilling, the new pressure model is constructed and calculation formulas are derived to get the distribution law of the pressure, the velocity characteristics of the compressed air, the variation of rotary speed of PDM(positive displacement motor) under the effect of temperature and pressure and the effect of temperature model variation on the pressure distribution in the circulation system. The calculations of minimum gas flow rate and reasonable ROP show that the increase of the flow section may result in the increase of minimum gas flow rate, and the most difficult position to carry cuttings in the hole is the turning point from small flow section to large flow section. And the reasonable ROP at flow rate of (1.2)m~3/s is obtained.


This research is motivated by the presence of students who have problems in communication, there are students who find it difficult to talk to their classmates because of language differences, and there are also students who do not socialize with their peers. The purpose of this study was to describe the barriers to intercultural communication among class VII students at SMPN 3 Tebo in terms of: 1) Language. 2) Emotions. 3) Culture. 4) Nonverbal This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method. The research population consisted of 224 students selected by purposive sampling technique with 64 participants. The instrument used is a questionnaire. As for data analysis using interval scores and percentages. Based on the results of research on barriers to intercultural communication of class VII students at SMPN 3 Tebo seen from: 1) barriers to intercultural communication seen from language are in the small category. 2) barriers to intercultural communication seen from emotions are in very few categories. 3) barriers to intercultural communication seen from language are in very few categories. 4) barriers to intercultural communication seen from language are in very few categories. This research is recommended for students to understand each other, understand and tolerate the cultural differences they have.


I. We will examine a hollow elastic cylinder with an annular notch. The cylinder is referred to an orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system Oxlx=x 3, which is connected normally with the surface S located inside the cylinder. The distance between S and the cylindrical bounding surfaces of the cylinder S + and S- will be designated as h + and h-, respectively. Here, the coordinates x I and x 2 change on the surface S, while the coordinate x 3 changes along a normal to S within the thickness of the shell, i.e., -h- 5 x 3 5 h +. The half-thicknesses h + and h- are assumed to be functions of the coordinates x l, x 2 e S. We will represent the displacement vector ~(x I, x 2, x 3) and stress vector pi(xl, x 2, x 3) (i = i, 2, 3) in the form of Fourier-Legendre series in the thickness coordinate x s, i.e., N k -- k


IS DENTISTRY A SPECIALTY IN MEDICINE ? The relations of dentists to doctors have been the subject of much discussion. Dentistry has grown up from an unsavory beginning; so has surgery. No den tist was ever lower than the barber surgeons of England. The same might be said of most specialties. Hence, dentistry should not be denied recognition in the medical profession because of its lowly origin. The question arises, has it so developed as to merit a place by the side of other specialties ? It is well known that for several years some medical schools have undertaken to give the degree of M. D. to such dental students as added to their special dental training a certain culture in the medical sciences. Apparently, with each year the sen timent has grown in the profession and among the better dentists that they were practically one. Hence, at the late meeting of the American Medical Association, it was voted to recognize such dentists as graduate at dental schools requiring preliminary requirements of a fair literary education, and which compel a three years' training in a first-class college. These requirements are higher than those of most medical colleges, those admitting all who apply, and graduating them after attendance upon a portion of two courses of lectures. Hence, such dental schools as comply with the prescribed requirements will be better trained than the average of the average medical college. This is good for the dentists, but bad for the doctors. It is not too high for good dentists, but it is far too low for good doctors. The Independent Practitioner, speaking for progressive dentists, says that the proposition of the American Medical Association is fair. But it says that only a portion of the dental schools comply with it. (Here fol lows a quotation of a part of the editorial in this Journal for July: The late action of the American Medical Association.") It is worthy of note that all here said respecting the dental colleges and den tal students applies with equal force to the medical schools and medical students. Hence, dentists should not be denied recognition by the medical profession for possessing the same defects and vices which prevail among doctors. As a matter of fact, the time is rapidly approaching when the dentists will be quite as much doctors in all regards as are most specialists. There is, under such circumstances, no reason why all should not be called doctors. More knowledge of dentistry by physicians, and more knowledge of medicine by dentists, would result in mutual benefits.—American Lancet.


In the experiments at FLASH, the strong dressing field (>10 12 W/cm 2 ) produced by the optical laser, give rise to the so-called two-color Above Threshold Ionization (ATI), which could be studied for the first time in a regime free from unwanted interference effects [1]. In addition, the NIR field can modify also the dynamics of the resonant Auger decay. For the resonant Kr 3d-5p excitation at 91.2 eV, we have investigated by electron spectroscopy the laser-induced shift of the resonance position and have observed competition between resonant and direct Auger decay caused by the ionizing of the excited 5p electron in the NIR field.


The image denoising experiment,using biorthogonal wavelet and applying VisuShrink thresholds and BayesShrink thresholds,is conducted to images mixed with Gaussian white noise through the hard threshold function and the soft threshold function respectively.The results show that denoising effect of the hard VisuShrink threshold is better than that of soft VisuShrink threshold;the denoising effect of the soft BayesShrink threshold is better than that of hard BayesShrink;and BayesShrink can have a better denoising effect only in the soft threshold function.


Business process outsourcing (BPO) and its growth in India is a recent phenomenon. Genpact pioneered this industry in India, which was followed by number of other companies. BPO industry has emerged as entrepreneurial opportunity for number of entrepreneurs and has created a large number of employment opportunities in the country. Rural BPO is the new opportunity that is being used by many entrepreneurs.

In terms of services offered by the companies, there is upward evolution from BPO to knowledge process outsourcing (KPO).

Outsourcing as such is not a new concept in India. Since 1970s, public sector undertakings have been following the policy of outsourcing and subcontracting non-essential activities to small enterprises. This resulted in the emergence of a number of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), strengthening entrepreneurship and thereby leading to development of several regions in the country. However, the BPO has emerged as a separate business altogether. It is the result of ICT (information, communication and telecommunication) technology that has helped firms to outsource some non-essential service by hiring some professional firms.

Information technology (IT), the Internet as enabling technology and focus on core competencies has led to the emergence of BPO as a business opportunity. Nearly 75 per cent of US and European multinational companies (MNCs) now use outsourcing or shared services to support their financial functions. Companies are now increasingly outsourcing their finance and accounting functions, followed by human resource (HR) outsourcing.

Over the past few years, a new form of outsourcing, KPO, has become popular and promises huge growth and profit potential. It is the next step up the outsourcing value chain. While BPO provides extensive process expertise, KPO emphasizes business expertise. KPO indicates a major industry shift, away from execution of standardized processes for carrying out highly complex and customized processes that demand advanced analytical and technical skills, as well as decisive judgment. The major strength of this approach is not the cost-saving aspect, but it is more the value that these services provide.

They offer a sustainable competitive advantage to its customers in all knowledge-intensive industries by providing market and industry research, data and statistical analysis, competitive analysis and support in legal and administration processes.


The invention discloses a method for rectification of tyre crane walking and prevention of tyre crane collision on a road. The method comprises respectively installing two outward laser scanners at two sides of a tyre crane, installing stand columns along the same straight line at a certain interval or at container length as an interval between back surfaces of two tyre crane lanes, detecting stand column positions through the laser scanners so that automatic rectification of a tyre crane in a storage yard is realized and tyre crane collision on a road is avoided. The method utilizes the laser scanners, the stand columns, a container, a computer, an alarm and a container position management display. Each one of the stand columns is installed on a central line of a back aisle of the tyre crane lane and the stand columns and the opposite container side are used as references. The laser scanners are installed in rain covers. The computer is installed in an electric room. The alarm is installed in a tyre crane cab. The laser scanners, the alarm and the container position management display are connected to the computer. The computer is connected to the tyre crane PLC and participates in tyre crane walking control.


The invention relates to the enzymatic reaction of compounds having at least one nitrile function and/or at least one amide function with at least one microorganism and/or at least one nitrile hydratase-amidase complex isolated from said microorganism, said microorganism being selected from the group consisting of Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 13002, Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 13475 and Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 13476.


Senile plaques (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (tau) are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). If and how the formation of these deposits are mechanistically linked remains mainly un ...


Based on the introduction of periodic vibration equipment in a sorption fluids system, the effect of an active mechanism on the heat and mass transfer enhancement in an absorber and the coefficient of performance (COP) enhancement in an absorption chiller was investigated. Different combinations of frequency (15–30 Hz), amplitude (0.1–0.4 mm), and flow rate (0.1–0.5 m3/h), with and without additive (2EH), were compared quantitatively. The results indicated the heat and mass transfer coefficients of the absorber and the COP of the absorption chiller significantly improved—by about 50% under certain conditions. There was a critical value for the amplitude (0.2 mm) and an optimal frequency (25 Hz) in the current study. The additive and solution flow rate also affected performance, but no exclusive conclusion was obtained from our experiment. A properly controlled and applied active mechanism would be of great value not only for the absorption chiller, but also for other chemical engineering applications. The results also begin to fill the knowledge gap between the analysis of mechanical motion and absorption chiller technology. The next phase of work is to find the active mechanism of heat and mass transfer enhancement from the microflow perspective.


We present work on using automata based behavioral descriptions (behavioral types) of OSGi components for monitoring their specified behavior at runtime. Behavioral types are associated with OSGi components.We are focusing on behavioral types that specify protocols defined by possible orders of method calls of and between components and specifications based on the maximal execution time of these method calls. Behavioral runtime monitors for detecting deviations from a specified behavior are generated for components automatically out of their behavioral types. We sketch the integration of our behavioral runtime monitors into a behavioral types framework and present implementation and evaluation work on the behavioral runtime monitoring part.


: Background : Breast self-examination is a safe, simple, economical and easy to perform noninvasive painless technique requiring no special expertise; it is efficient and has a positive diagnostic value for breast cancer. Aim of the Study : The study is to aimed to assess the level of breast self-exam (BSE) knowledge among nursing students in Multan. Subjects and methods : Descriptive, cross sectional study for random sampling of 100 female nursing students was conducted at College of Nursing Nishtar Hosptal Multan. Validity and pilot study was checked. Results: Study results have shown that 15.5% of the respondents had good overall knowledge towards BSE, The major source of information about BSE (57.6 %) was mass media in the study, 75.3% of participants had positive attitude towards BSE, and 4.1% practice BSE always every month. There was a significant difference between age and academic level towards Knowledge of BSE. Conclusion and recommendation: Most female nursing students had poor knowledge about BSE and did not perform BSE. Mass Media is an important source of information about BSE to create awareness among the community.


Summary form only given. Most food processing operations today make extensive use of more conventional "fixed" automation technologies. These technologies are designed to perform a single function, to be low in cost, and to mass deliver product. Their primary detractions are their inability to respond to product variability or to perform multiple or complex processing activities. However, with growing market pressures to deliver a greater array of value added products, coupled with increasing concern over worker availability, worker safety, and product safety, many food processing companies are focusing their attentions on more "intelligent" automation technologies. These technologies take advantage of the growing power and affordability of computing platforms and an expanding array of electronic sensors and product manipulators. They are capable of delivering performances that are more flexible and discriminating than today's systems. This paper discusses these driving forces in greater detail and addresses some of the more promising forms of "intelligent" automation technologies starting to appear in food processing operations.


Often Photokina sets the pattern for equipment and system design for the next two years. In past exhibitions in Cologne we have seen the introduction of the 110 pocket camera system and the 8 mm sound on film cameras. This year there was no new system which could be presented in new models by many manufacturers. However there were many new and interesting products expanding existing systems like 110.


The material properties of steel and the strength of steel members are affected by strain rate. To investigate this characteristic for compression members, 49 stub columns fabricated from 35XF sheet steel and 48 stub columns fabricated from 50XF sheet steel are studied experimentally and analytically under different strain rates. The strain rate ranged from 10-5 to 0.1 in./in./sec (10-5 to 0.1 mm/mm/s). The material properties of 35XF and 50XF sheet steels developed from previous tests are used for the evaluation of the test data obtained from the member tests using specimens fabricated from the same sheet steel. The results show that the strength of stub columns increased with the strain rate. The amount of increase is found to be dependent on the type of material, the FuFy ratio, the width‐to‐thickness ratio (w/t) of the compression element, and the strain rate used in the tests. The effective width approach included in the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) specification for cold‐formed steel mem...


The German Oriental Society and later the German Archaeological Institute (DAI) have been excavating monumental as well as residential and commercial buildings on the site of Uruk since 1912. A large part of these building remains consists of earth blocks. With the awarding of World Heritage status, came an obligation to establish a conservation strategy for the archaeological site. This task is managed by the DAI and planned and implemented by Klessing Architekten, Berlin, and ZRS Ingenieure, Berlin, together with local colleagues from the State Board of Antiquities and Heritage Iraq (SBAH).


Hyperdistribution grid for all ant species. This grid was created from the original individual ant grids by running hypergrid.aml. This creates a grid with all ant species as fields. This allows the user to know what species are predicted to be present in any given cell. This form of data is an analytical tool for evaluating biodiversity. A 1 in a species column indicates the presence of the species; a 0 indicates abscence. The count and value fields are not meaningful for analysis since they simply represent the number of unique combinations of species.


If eye dominance is an acquired habit, one should be able to modify ic through intensive training. This holds especially true if eye dominance is a dynamic relationship which undergoes adaptive changes over time. Ic should be possible to occasion short-term re-adjustments in this relationship by "training" a person to rely temporarily on one eye. The present study represents an attempt to do this. The material used to "train" eye dominance was a set of 10 stereograms. Two of these were obtained from a series devised by EngeL2 The other 8 were made up for the study. Each of the stereograms consisted of two dissimilar pictures. One of each pair of pictures was strongly "dominant" over the other. This means that a person presented with such a stereogram would tend to see only the "dominant" picture, at the expense of the other picture. With longer exposures, alternations or fusions would tend to take place, with the "dominant" picture over-represented in the product.


A new model of axially symmetric concentrated vortex generation was developed herein. In this work, the solution of a nonlinear equation for internal gravity waves in an unstable stratified atmosphere was obtained and analysed in the framework of ideal hydrodynamics. The related expressions for the velocities in the inner and outer regions of the vortex were described by Bessel functions and modified zeroth-order Bessel functions. The proposed new nonlinear analytical model allows the study of the structure and dynamics of vortices in the radial region. The formation of jets (i.e., structures elongated in the vertical direction with finite components of the poloidal (radial and vertical) velocities that grow exponentially in time in an unstable stratified atmosphere) was also analysed. The characteristic growth time was determined by the inverse growth rate of instability. It is shown that a seed vertical vorticity component may be responsible for the formation of vortices with a finite azimuthal velocity.


Environmental Assessment of the Programme Proposal for Renewable Energy Sources Development in the Lublin Region. There are still no settled clear methodical bases for Environmental Assessment of programmatic documents in Poland. The article presents procedural and methodical aspects of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of a proposed Programme Proposal for Renewable Energy Sources Development in Lublin Region. Works concerning the SEA report began in october 2005. and finished in December 2005. General aims of the SEA process were as follows: an assessment of the relevance and consistency of the aim, objectives and priorities of the proposed Program to the EU and National Environmental Policy Framework as well as an estimation of the diminution of atmosoheric emissions in the context of the Polish climatical policy. an assessment of potential significant impacts with the special regard to the Nature 2000 network and landscape values: an identification of possible mitigation measures; recommendations as to the monitoring of Programme implementation. The outline and main elements of the draft Programme are described and structure and key parts of the SEA report are presented. A special attention is paid on identification and evaluation of environmental impacts connected with the implementation of the analysed programmatic document. The carried discussion is focused upon environmental as well as socio-economic aspects. In addition the following matters have been taken into account in conducted research:the influence of the SEA procedure on a final version of Programme, methodical and procedural difficulties.


Two cases of intraocular reticulum cell sarcoma are described, one case with tumor infiltration of the vitreous only, the other case also with tumors of the retina and CNS. Diagnostic signs and therapy are discussed. Biopsy of the affected vitreous permits an early histology diagnosis for effective radiotherapy.


By examining the relationship between sacred space and spiritual experience through practice-as-research, a methodology for reclaiming the wisdom embodied by transformative examples of classic Islamic sacred architecture in the design of a contemporary Sufi Centre in London, UK, is developed. The metaphysical and ontological roots of universal design principles and practices are explored in order to transcend mimetic processes and notions of typology, location, time, style and scale in the creation of context-sensitive meanings and manifestations. An ontological hermeneutic approach was followed that utilises mixed methods underpinned by direct engagement, collaboration and a willingness to examine personal transcendent experiences and spiritual practices. By conducting practice, the effects of prioritising unseen dimensions (bātin), which enfold visible dimensions (zāhir), on understanding and designing Islamic sacred space are examined. The role of the imaginal realm, the imagination (khayāl), the spiritual heart (qalb) and spiritual inter-pretation (ta'wīl) are explored. Through a contemplative process, forms are perceived as conduits between the physical and spiritual realms and space as a symbol of presence (wujūd). Seen and unseen (zāhir wa bātin) converge into one continuum, potentiating an experience of Oneness (Tawhīd). A transformative approach to practice emerges that integrates a designers' creative and spiritual practices, cultivates the capacity for transformation and helps to mitigate some of the challenges faced when designing sacred spaces in conventional settings today.


In this article, measures to fight against oidium of grapes, monitoring the development of diseases in grapes and oidium KOBRA IKS 60% w.d.g. Research work on determining the biological effectiveness of fungicide is highlighted.


In this work, we propose a construction of a new 5x5 fractional order differential mask that uses sixteen directions of gradient operator and weights each pixel in the mask by the Euclidean distance from the center of the mask. Then, we apply this new mask to the Adaptive Fractional Differential Algorithm (AFDA). The AFDA allows the optimal fractional order of each pixel to be obtained using an adaptive function constructed based on the area feature of image. Experimental results for medical images, show that the AFDA with the new mask gives better image enhancement than the original AFDA. It makes edges clearer, preserving texture details and improving the contrast of medical images. Moreover, we also use the proposed mask to restore the noisy images which are corrupted by the Gaussian noise. We use the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) to evaluate the quality of the denoised images. Changing the values of the fractional orders ν allows adjusting the mask coefficients for each image according to it characteristics. The experiments provide that the proposed mask has an influence on preserving more texture detail than the common used denoising filters. In addition, the output images have no significant blurring which can be indicated by higher SSIM. We conclude that the proposed mask can improve the result visually and in terms of PSNR and SSIM efficiently.


Poor temperature properties of LSAW (Leaky Surface Acoustic Wave) devices are one of the principal problems of applying these devices in mobile communication systems. The TCF (temperature coefficient of frequency) of BAW (Bulk Acoustic Wave) filters, for example, are at least twice better compared to LSAW devices, so LSAW filters on 36–48 LiTaO3 should have much steeper transition bands for the same specification requirements. This causes increase of the LSAW filter IL (insertion loss) and cost due to bigger die size and inferior yield. The problem of improving temperature stability of SAW devices has been discussed in many papers for years. Many possible solutions were described in [1]. Currently, there are two main approaches to improve LSAW filters TCF [2], [3]. First one is based on deposition of a thin dielectric layer having positive TCF onto the filter working surface. The second approach uses bonding of a thin piezoelectric wafer onto a thermo stable carrier. Both methods can improve filter TCF by changing the effective thermo expansion coefficient and LSAW velocity. Unfortunately, both methods create new problems such as increased cost and deteriorating performance and/or reliability. In this work we propose a novel approach to improve TCF. It is based on changing the device impedance over the working temperature range and does not require a manufacturing technology change. We call this approach "Design over Temperature" (DOT). The idea is to design a filter with a special shape of impedance, improving the passband edges for varying temperatures (improving low edge under "cold" conditions and high edge-under "hot"). This new approach is based on two components: model parameters (COM (coupling-of-modes) model in our case) are characterized not only for ambient temperature 'ta' but for edges of the operational temperature range (tmin=−30°С and tmax=+85°С) too; — the design optimization process is organized for three sets of model parameters in parallel relative to full temperature range of the filter specification requirements. The goal of the optimization process is to improve the worst from three performances out of "cold", "normal conditions" and "hot" and not just the room temperature performance for every specification requirement. First, we have extracted COM parameters for our fabrication process for three different temperatures: ta, tmin, tmax and described temperature dependencies for all of them. The large difference in TCF for left and right frequency response slopes is trivially demonstrated using this data. Second, we setup a single optimization process for three different sets of model parameters. We have designed an RX filter for PCS (and UMTS Band 2) application based on the proposed approach. This filter has better IL over working temperature range, steeper left transition band and twice better effective TCF than filters designed by conventional design process.


A great many papers have in the last years been published which deals with the Jahn-Teller »effect«. Experimentalists have used »effective« Hamiltonians in order to rationalize absorption-and emission-spectra in terms of a number of Jahn-Teller coupling parameters. On the other hand, theoreticians have written down model Hamiltonians and studied the mathematical solutions in great detail. The question is then : how close is the connection between the idealized theoretical solutions and the hard realities of experiments? The Jahn-Teller theorem asserts that a non-linear molecule cannot be in a stable nuclear conformation, if that conformation will lead to electronic degeneracy. Linear terms in the nuclear displacement coordinates will appear in the expans<ion of the potential energy, and these can first be elimiriated when the degeneracy is lifted. The theorem tells us that some points in the nuclear configuration space cannot be stable points. Actual molecules or ions which are close to these points are therefore expected to exhibit some singular features. A general mathematical proof of the theorem was given by Ruch and Schonhofer1 in 1965. Their proof eliminated the need for discussing all actual symmetries as originally done by Jahn and Teller2• Other mathematical proofs have been given by Blount3 and Raghavacharyulu4• It transpires that the Jahn-Teller theorem follriws logically from the Born-Oppenheimer approximation . of the wavefunctions at the molecular equilibrium point in a real molecule. Physically one can understand the theorem by reflecting that in an electronically degenerate state, the electronic charge cloud has different orientations for different components. The linear terms in the nuclear displacement coordinates cannot, therefore, be eliminated for all components5• In order to exemplify the quantitative attacks on the problem we shall in this note look at a doubly degenerate E state coupled to a doubly degenerate


This paper introduces the connotation and features of the digital library,analyzes on the copyright problem occurring in the construction of digital library,and in the light of how to solve this problem,advances some rational suggestions.


By introducing a parameter of difference in ferrite fornation temperature between binary Fe-C and multicomponent system,and referring to the thermodynamic model for Fe-C binary system,a simplified thermodynamic model for pro-eutectoid ferrite formation in Fe ∑XI-C multicomponent structrual steels(Xi=Mn,Si,Mo,Cr,Ni or Ti,etc) was suggested.The comparison of the calculated Ae3 temperatures with the measured data of steels 42 shows that the relative standard deviation and root-mean-square(RMS) error between them are only 0.71% and 8.92K,respectively.However,the deviations between the same measured data and the values calculated form the superelement model are as high as 1.86% and 23.83K,respectively.It can be concluded that the simplified thermodynamic model for pro-eutectoid ferrite formation in multicomponent structural steels is acceptable and the calculated Ae3 temperatures are in dood agreement with the experimental data.


Arrangement (1) having at least two power semiconductor components (70) and an electrically insulating housing (3), further comprising at least one Vebindungselement (40), with outwardly-leading load connection elements (42, 44, 46), at least one from the housing (3) at least partially enclosed electrically insulating substrate (5), at least two power semiconductor components (70) with its second major surfaces on the substrate (5) are arranged, and wherein at least one power semiconductor component (70) on its side facing the substrate (5) facing away from the first major surface having at least a contact surface with a metallization layer of a noble metal (62) and said at least one contact surface with a metal mold body (76) of the on its side facing the power semiconductor component (70) facing second major surface also having a noble metal layer is connected to each other by means of a pressure sintering connection, wherein a load associated with said at least one contact surface (72) by means of this metal mold body (76) formed wherein the insulating substrate (5) of a layer sequence with a flat, electrically insulating ceramic body (52) and at least one metal layer is provided on the power semiconductor devices ...


This paper describes about an agent based approach to patient scheduling using experience based learning. A heuristic algorithm is also used in the proposed framework. The evaluation on different learning techniques shows that the experience based learning (EBL) gives better solution. The processing time decreases as the experience increases. The heuristic algorithm make use of EBL in calculating the processing time. The main objective of this patient scheduling system is to reduce the waiting time of patient in hospitals and to complete their treatment in minimum required time. The framework is implemented in JADE. In this approach the patients and resources are represented as patient agents (PA) and resource agents (RA) respectively. Even though mathematical model give optimal solution, the computational complexity increases for large size problems. Heuristic solution gives better solution for large size problems. The comparisons of the proposed framework with other scheduling rules shows that an agent based approach to patient scheduling using EBL is better. Keywords-experience based learning; heuristic algorithm; scheduling; multi agent systems


A robust, two-phase numerical methodology is used to study the mixing layer developing behind the detonation of a heterogeneous explosive charge, i.e., a charge comprising of a high explosive with metal particles. The Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach is used along with a recently developed EulerianLagrangian formulation to handle dense flow-fields. Significant mixing and turbulence effects are observed in the mixing layer, and the rms of the radial velocity component is found to be about 25% higher than that of the azimuthal and zenith velocity components, due to the flow being primarily radial. The mean concentration profiles are self-similar in shape at different times, based on a scaling procedure used in the past for a homogeneous explosive charge. The peak rms of concentration profiles are 23-30% in intensity, and decrease in magnitude with time. The behavior of concentration gradients in the mixing layer is investigated, and stretching along the radial direction is observed to decrease the concentration gradients along the azimuth and zenith directions faster than the radial direction. The mixing and turbulence effects in the mixing layer subsequent to the detonation of the heterogeneous explosive charge are superior to that of a homogeneous explosive charge containing the same amount of the high explosive, exemplifying the role played by the particles in perturbing the flow-field. The non-linear growth of the mixing layer width starts early for the heterogeneous explosive charge, and the rate is reduced during the implosion phase in comparison with the homogeneous charge. Overall, this study has provided some useful insights to the mixing layer characteristics subsequent to the detonation of heterogeneous explosives, and has also demonstrated the efficacy of the dense, multiphase formulation for such applications.


Aimed at a group of high vanadium high-speed steels with different composition,the effects of silicon content (0.31%~5.03%,mass fraction) on carbides were studied. The results show that the carbides are mainly granular VC and isolated carbides with molybdenum or chromium in high vanadium high-speed steel with low silicon content. The like-flower carbides starts to occur and grow up with the increase of silicon content above 2.1%. Meanwhile,the isolated carbides with molybdenum or chromium decrease. By means of EPMA and XRD,it's known that the like-flower carbides are of VC type,and molybdenum and chromium elements mainly dissolves into vanadium carbides.


A computer-based method and a system for indexing, querying, and ranking documents based on layout are provided. The method includes providing a plurality of documents to computer memory, extracting layout blocks from the provided documents, clustering the layout blocks into a plurality of layout block clusters, computing a representative block for each of the layout block clusters, generating a document index for each provided document based on the layout blocks of the document and the computed representatives blocks, clustering the created document indexes into a plurality of document index clusters, and generating a representative cluster index for each of the document index clusters. The indexes generated, together with the representative blocks and document index clusters, can be stored and used for retrieval of documents responsive to a layout query.


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We present an exoskeleton capable of assisting the human thumb through a large range of motion. Our novel thumb exoskeleton has the following unique features: (i) an underlying kinematic mechanism that is optimized to achieve a large range of motion, (ii) a design that actuates four degrees of freedom of the thumb, and (iii) a series elastic actuation based on a Bowden cable, allowing for bidirectional torque control of each thumb joint individually. We present a kinematic model of the coupled thumb exoskeleton system and use it to maximize the range of motion of the thumb. Finally, we carry out tests with the designed device on four subjects to evaluate its workspace and kinematic transparency using a motion capture system and torque control performance. Results show that the device allows for a large workspace with the thumb, is kinematically transparent to natural thumb motion to a high degree, and is capable of accurate torque control.


The purpose of this research is to evaluate the demand for fuel based on household income and also to find characteristics of household distribution in Indonesia in the SAM in the year 2008. The outcome of the research is expected to be useful in the planning development of energy sector especially fuel and also useful for SAM analysis.
The information that isused is secondary information. It is taken from Indonesian Social Accounting Matrices System and analyzed with Social Accounting Matrices.
The research has shown a results that effect of the multiplier with the simulation of the increase in demand approximately one billion demand based on households distribution has a high value of multiplier to household not agricultural in cities, but free lancers, non agriculture business people, managers, military, professionals, technician, teachers, clerical workers and professional seller. Increase in output in production sector when there is an increase in demand of fuel in mining sector such as coals, metal ore and crude oil have the highest multiplier value. Increase in the demand of petrol approximately one billion based on the production factor, there is an intensive works/employees to non employees. The increase in output in production sector for all kinds of goods and services commodity. This indicates the high demand and of fuel in Indonesia.


Background
 Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) combined with intensive chemotherapy as a first-line treatment regimen significantly improved the prognosis of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosomal positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL). However, it has been reported that 74% of patients fail to complete 8 cycles of chemotherapy, and the early mortality rate during induction was as high as 13%. Our previous retrospective study determined an oral, chemo-free regimen (dasatinib plus prednisone) as induction and consolidation yields 100% of complete remission (CR) rates in Ph+ ALL with minimal induction death (Li XY, et al. Br J Haematol. 2020;189:e231-e234). To further verify the effectiveness of this completely oral and chemo-free regimen, we conducted a phase II, one-arm and multicenter trial (ChiCTR200038053).
 Methods
 Adults ≥16 years of age with new diagnosed Ph+ALL were eligible. Induction (Course I) used dasatinib 100 mg daily on days 1-28 and prednisone 1mg/kg/daily on days 1-21, 0.5 mg/kg/daily on days 22-28. Patients not in CR/CRi received Course I as second induction again. Two courses of consolidation (Course II and III) used dasatinib 100 mg daily on days 1-28 and prednisone 1mg/kg/daily on days 1-7. CNS prophylaxis used intrathecal cytarabine and dexamethasone. Patients 16-65 years old underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) if they had a HLA-matched donor; otherwise they received 6 cycles of hyper-CVAD chemotherapy alternating regimen-B (methotrexate, cytarabine) and regimen-A (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, dexamethasone). The dose of chemotherapy was reduced by a third in patients 60-70 years old and by half in patients over 70 years. The primary objectives were to determine induced complete remission rate and major molecular response of the dasatinib/prednisone oral, chemo-free regimen.
 Results
 To date, 32 patients from 10 centers enrolled. Median age was 54 years (range: 15-84). The dominant BCR-ABL1 isoform was p190 in 72%, p210 in 18%, rare types in 6.3% and not reported in 3.1%. Patients received an average of 2.5 courses of dasatinib/prednisone regimen (Course I-III). Most patients were tolerable the dose of dasatinib, and two patients were reduced to 50mg daily due to severe pleural effusion. Allo-HSCT was performed in 10 patients, 50% after remission and 50% after marrow relapse.
 As shown in Figure 1, the CR rate was 97% with one induction death due to sepsis. The major molecular response (MMR was defined as: 3-log reduction in BCR-ABL1 transcript) was 50% and the complete molecular response (CMR was defined as: the absence of a detectable BCR-ABL1 transcript with 0.01% sensitivity/4.5-log) was 40% either at 3 months after starting induction or before HSCT, respectively. From Course I to Course II, the CMR increased from 18.5% to 48%, but accompanied by an increase in marrow relapse rates, which were 16% and 18.75% at course II and course III, respectively. Marrow relapse occurred in 9 patients, all occurred within 6 months after starting induction. T315I mutation in ABL1 KD was detected in 5 of 7 marrow relapses (72%). With a median follow up of 232 days (range: 77-392 days), 1-year OS and 1-year event-free survival (events were defined as marrow relapse and death) was 97% and 54%, respectively (Figure 2). The cumulative molecular relapse rate (defined as BCR-ABL1:ABL1 ratio rises after reaching the CMR level) was 35% at 3 months, 48% at 6 months, and 54% at 1 year (Figure 2).
 Conclusions
 The chemotherapy-free, oral combination of dasatinib and prednisone appears promising induction efficacy in de novo Ph+ ALL; the high CR rates and acceptable molecular response rates were similar to results reported by GIMEMA LAL2116 study (Foà R, et al. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:1613-1623). However, two subsequent consolidation courses of the chemo-free regimen led to early molecular relapse with T315I mutations, which urged us to modify the study protocol such as strengthening consolidation therapy or incorporating promising drug blinatumomab.
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Monolithic AlGaAs ridge Bragg reflection waveguides are used to achieve exact phase matching in a second harmonic generation experiment for a pump at 1600nm. Phase-matching bandwidth of 4.5nm, with a peak internal conversion efficiency of 205%∕Wcm2, is obtained. This conversion efficiency is comparable to numbers reported for periodically poled lithium niobate. The phase-matching peak was found to redshift with sample temperature providing tunablity at a rate of 0.25nm∕°C. Possible routes for enhancing the current efficiency levels are also discussed.


The interface structure between PtSi and (111)Si has been clarified on an atomic scale for the first time, using a 1 MV high-resolution electron microscope. At the interface the transition from the PtSi lattice to the Si lattice is abrupt without the formation of any extra phase. Lattice fringe images show that the interface is heavily undulated and has atomic steps. Large lattice mismatch between PtSi and Si generates these atomic steps and extra half planes of PtSi. The observed relationship between the slope of the interface and the number of extra half planes can be explained by a simple model.


This thesis makes a point on strategies for translating metephor in informative technical text and vocative advertising text with examples from the perspective of German functionalist approaches.


As the product of the social activities of man,names of places and their evolution are a reflection of the natural environment,political economy,historical culture characteristics and evolutionary history for a particular region and have become increasingly an important approach for historical geographical research.Based on a case study of the Dongxing District,an investigation is made about the types of geographical names,their naming methods and evolutionary features,and the problems concerned with corresponding counter measures put forth in the end.