This work describes the thermoluminescence (TL) response of silica-based materials irradiated with thermal neutrons. These materials have the compositions (mol %) (60 + x)SiO2–(30 − x)Na2O–5MgO–5Al2O3, where x = 0, 5, 10 and 15. The irradiation was carried out in the fluence range 1 × 1014 – 1 × 1017 neutron cm−2. These glassy materials gave two TL glow peaks at around 473 and 643 K. The intensity ratio of these peaks is found to vary with varying SiO2/Na2O ratios. The peak at 473 K is more prominent at the ratio SiO2/Na2O = 75/15, while the intensity of the other one at 643 K increases by decreasing the value of this ratio. The former peak is attributed to both 'AlO4' hole centres and non-bridging oxygen (NBO) ion centres induced by neutrons irradiation, while the latter one could be ascribed to (NBO) ion centres introduced by the network modifiers, Na+ ions. The TL response against the neutron beam fluences of the material having the ratio SiO2/Na2O = 75/15 is found to show sublinearity in the above-mentioned range of fluence (using the area under the curve method). The other features such as high sensitivity and simple glow curve structure might be good indicators for this material to be used as a dosimeter in several applications such as thermal neutrons or in food irradiation.


Described is an initial state of a new cooperative study at the School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, in analysis of long-term wood supply in Georgia. The answers sought pertain to various questions about sustainability of current wood supply in the context of the available literature, unpublis hed research on intensive plantation management, growth and yield dynamics, and the reality of political and regulatory conditions. At the current state the analysis is based on basic inventory summaries founded on the databases provided by the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory Analysis unit. Even this simplified preliminary approach to the analysis is far more comprehensive than any previously done work in the region. We present here the preliminary results and identify the directions and resources for futures improvements.


Although experienced risk managers may have a good idea of the scenarios to use when performing individual plant examinations (IPEs) in response to US Nuclear Regulatory Commission's NRC generic letter 88-20, they must resist the temptation to presuppose which components and systems are significant contributors to risk at a given plant and start the process with a clean slate to define the scenarios to be used in the risk assessment, making the IPE truly plant specific. Event-sequence analysis provides a useful mechanism for laying out and documenting plant-specific scenarios during this process. The history methods, advantage of event sequence analysis is presented.


Among various stand parameters, the density of biomass volume is oftenly used as an indicator on evaluating the forest growth succes. The forest reclamation, which is intended to restore the land cover by revegetation process, the evaluation of biomass content has been a critical issue. Forest reclamation is expected to restore the land function to a proper state that might give better environment as well as productivity. In this study the authors develop a method for estimating above ground biomass (AGB), particularly in the ex open-pit coal mining area of PT. Bukit Asam Tbk using remotely-sended data taken from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and developed using the least squares method. The main objective of this study is to develop a mathematical model of biomass estimation using UAV imagery having 10-cm spatial resolution. The study found that the best model of biomass estimation is: AGB(ton/ha)=0.2377Ci 1.3688 with the correlation coefficient of 0.844, mean deviation of 2.29, aggregate deviation of -0.023, bias of 0.98, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.784 and mean deviation (MD) < 10% while Ci. This research concluded that UAV imagery could be used to estimate above ground biomass accurately.


The core question for this Symposium issue of the Emory International Law Review is how to mediate the tension between democratic demands for the application of religious norms and human rights concerns, especially regarding the rights of women and children. Such demands tend to be more intensely asserted in family matters, perhaps because of the intimacy of family relations and the central role of the family as a marker of identity and agent of children's socialization. Tensions among the competing bases of public policy and legislation tend to come in sharper focus in pluralistic societies because of the multiplicity of exclusive claims of religious truth and visions of the public good. While using the topic of Sharia in Nigeria as a primary case study, this Symposium also includes discussions of broader theoretical and globally comparative perspectives on the mediation of competing normative claims.


The objective of this research study was to determine the influence of metacognition on the reading comprehension of students of a university in Lima (Peru). Methodologically, the hypothetical deductive method was used, with a quantitative approach and quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of 62 students belonging to the specialty of education. The descriptive and inferential results demonstrated the influence of metacognition on the reading comprehension of the participating subjects. In all cases, the expected outcome was achieved, evidencing the effectiveness of the intervention carried out.


We have reported cholecystokinin (CCK) sensitive Ca2+‐activated chloride (Cl‐) currents (CaCCs) in DiI labeled intestinal nodose ganglia neurons from C57BL/6 mice. These CaCCs were significantly reduced from 24.8±4.9 (n=7) to 6.1±2.9 pA/pF, (n=7, p<0.01) with mice fed a 60% high fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Here we characterize the effect of CCK on the anoctamins (Ano1 and 2/TMEM16A and B) that function as Ca2+‐activated Cl‐ conductance. They are expressed in nodose ganglia, downregulated by HFD, and hence may regulate satiety signaling. We found that the CCK‐induced Cl‐ current was only inhibited by a high dose of niflumic acid (NFA) (300 uM) which inhibits both TMEM 16A and 16B currents (26.9±4.7 pA/pF before vs. 10.3±2.1 pA/pF after NFA, n=10, p<0.01). However, the specific TMEM16A inhibitor T16Ainh‐A01 (30 uM) did not reduce the current (30.4±6.1 pA/pF before vs. 26.9±5.2 pA/pF after, n=8, p>0.1). The excised inside‐out patch recording showed that a very high [Ca2+]i (>1 uM) was required to activate the Cl‐ current, which is more consistent with the response of the TMEM16B subunit rather than TMEM16A which is much more sensitive to [Ca2+]i. Transfection of lentivirus carrying shRNA targeting TMEM16B reduced the CCK‐current to 22.03±3.7 (n=8) from the value of 35.1±3.4 pA/pF (n=6, p<0.05) obtained with scrambled shRNA. Co‐transfection of shRNA targeting both TMEM16A and 16B did not result in further reduction of the CCK‐induced current (20.0±4.2 pA/pF, n=6). We conclude that TMEM16B is a dominant component of the CCK‐induced Ca2+‐activated Cl‐ conductance. A dysfunctional TMEM16B may impair satiety in HFD obesity.


THE CAUSES OF DETERIORATION OF CONCRETE BRIDGE DECKS IN CONNECTICUT WERE STUDIED TO DETERMINE MEANS OF PREVENTING DETERIORATION AND EVALUATE ANY POSSIBLE PERMANENT DAMAGE. THE INVESTIGATION CONSISTED OF THE FOLLOWING STEPS: (1) FIELD SURVEY OF APPROXIMATELY 250 BRIDGES OF ALL AGES, TYPES AND USE, (2) STATIC ANALYSIS OF TYPICAL BRIDGES, (3) DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF A TYPICAL BRIDGE, (4) CONTINUING SURVEILLANCE OF FOUR BRIDGES FROM SHORTLY AFTER CONSTRUCTION TO THE PRESENT, (5) LABORATORY SIMULATION OF CONCRETE BRIDGE DECK CONSTRUCTION, (6) OBSERVATION OF ACTUAL BRIDGE DECK CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES, AND (7) ANALYSIS OF STRESSES DUE TO DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL STRAINS. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT: (1) DETERIORATION IS DUE PRIMARILY TO RANDOM CRACKS AND POROUS CONCRETE RESULTING FROM EARLY DRYING AND POOR CURING, (2) TRANSVERSE CRACKS ARE NOT HARMFUL IF SEALED TO PREVENT CORROSION OF REINFORCING STEEL, (3) TENSILE STRESSES DUE TO DYNAMIC LOADING AND POURING SEQUENCE ARE NOT SERIOUS, (4) TENSILE STRESSES DUE TO PLACEMENT OF HOT CONCRETE CAN CAUSE TRANSVERSE CRACKS, AND (5) DEBRIS INCLUDED IN THE CONCRETE DURING CONSTRUCTION CAN CAUSE SPALLING. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT CONCRETE SHOULD BE PLACED RAPIDLY ENOUGH TO ALLOW SCREEDING TO OCCUR WITHIN 30 MINUTES AFTER PLACEMENT AND FLOATING SHOULD BE DONE IMMEDIATELY AFTER SCREEDING. METHODS USED FOR ROUGHENING THE CONCRETE SURFACE SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT IMMEDIATELY AFTER FLOATING, SO THAT COVERING CAN BE PLACED BEFORE DRYING. THE CONCRETE SHOULD BE COOL WHEN PLACED AND BE KEPT FREE OF ALL DEBRIS. TWO STATE INSPECTORS SHOULD BE PRESENT AT ALL TIMES TO ENSURE PROPER CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES ARE EMPLOYED.


The title compound has been synthesized by metathesis of Ba[Pt(CN)4]·4 H2O with Rb2SO4, in aqueous solution. Its crystal structure was solved from X-ray powder diffraction data using the simulated-annealing approach, and refined by Rietveld's method. The compound crystallizes in space group Imma, a = 11.1432(2), b = 7.4382(1), c = 11.1896(2) Å, V = 927.45(3) Å3, Z = 4, Rp = 0.0402, Rw = 0.0247 (Nhkl = 173). Square-planar tetracyanoplatinate groups stack in an unprecedented eclipsed conformation, forming one-dimensional linear chains of Pt-atoms with Pt-Pt separations of 3.719 Å . Rb2[Pt(CN)4] was characterized by differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy.


The furniture is a complex product and it must be approached in two ways: as a concept and as a function. This approach is based on consumer behavior. The concept of furniture must cover the notions of architect-furniture, sign-furniture, system-furniture. The basic functions of furniture in marketing approach are the utility function (material utility) and symbolic function (psychological utilities).


Market demand for touch panel/lens has been exceptionally high for the recent years due to smartphones, tablet PCs, etc. Among the available technologies to envision touch functionality, capacitive touch screen has received the great attention due to the various superiorities over the competing ones. Capacitive touch screen features two transparent conductive electrodes, such as ITO (indium tin oxide). However, the difference in refractive indices of ITO, substrate, and air, ITO pattern is clearly visible if there is no proper countermeasure. Most of touch screen makers and ITO substrate supplier utilize "index-matching technology" to prevent this phenomenon. Even though of the attempts to minimize visible ITO pattern in final product, there are many technical and process challenges. In this study, the causes around visible ITO pattern were investigated to understand and provide the proper countermeasures. One of the possible causes for visible ITO pattern was improper annealing process in ITO especially for film substrate. According to XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy)/ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) and other analysis results, ITO, which is normally deposited through sputtering, is not fully transformed to oxidized state. After aligning and adjusting annealing condition, acknowledged visible ITO pattern was disappeared. Other causes for visible patterns were also discussed in detail, and the relevant countermeasures were provided.


The ethanolic leaf extract of Croton zambesicus was investigated for pharmacological properties against egg white-induced acute inflammation, acetic acid induced writhing and yeast induced fever in rats. The extract (100-200mg/kg) showed a dose – dependent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. These activities were lower than that of the standard drug (Aspirin, 100mg/kg). The leaf extract possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties which can be exploited in health care. Keywords : Croton zambesicus , anti-inflammatory analgesic, antipyretic Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources Vol. 2(2) 2005: 75-79


Conversion of laser beam profiles is required in a wide variety of applications, such as producing a plane-parallel beam with a uniform intensity distribution. Traditional collimator systems are not capable of modifying the laser beam profile. High-quality uniformity of light can conveniently be achieved using high-order aspheric lens surfaces, which require expensive technology and equipment when they are manufactured from optical glass. A technique for using polymer optical materials for lens fabrication enables surfaces of any complexity to be obtained. In this paper, we describe the design of an aspheric-polymer-lens laser beam shaping system using ZEMAX software. We compare the quality parameters for systems using polymer optics and glass optics and provide recommendations for prudent selection of materials.


To discover a potent strain against wheat leaf rust, soil samples collected from Ilgamho, Seoul, Korea were tested in vivo and a strain belonging to Streptomyces sp. was found to show good antifungal activity when fermented in a broth. The identification of the strain was carried out based on 16S rDNA analysis, and the active compound was separated from the fermented broth. Even though its structure was not determined completely, the authors report the results obtained so far indicate that the fermented broth of the strain showed activity against wheat leaf rust. Therefore, we propose that this may be a potential novel strain showing antifangal activity against Puccinia recondita.


A Microstrip patch array antenna is presented and resonates at 28 GHz. It is a well-known antenna because of its easiness to manufacture with a high gain, easy on the pocketbook, as well as it has a simple structure. The substrate is based on the Rogers Duroid RT5880 with dielectric constant r 2.2 and the height of copper Hc 0.254 mm. In fact, the Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio 2015 software has been used as a technique for simulating in this project. The design of the 28GHz antenna is done according to the specification of ETSI. By selecting optimum parameters of proposed, the measured return loss of proposed antenna during design frequency (28 GHz) is -52.522 dB at 28.08GHz. In addition, the value gained is high, which is 21.1 dBi and the achieved bandwidth is 1120 MHz. Hence, the target of the antenna is for the KA-Band communication which can work on 5G communication.


AIB Insights 19 in the field of international business (IB) and strategic management education, the most commonly used business simulation games are browser-based multiplayer simulations. Teams of students compete against each other by managing multinational enterprises over a number of rounds of play, with each round representing a financial year. IB simulation games enable students to make decisions and receive immediate feedback in a risk-free environment.


and slightly more than half as long in Melanerpes (Tripsurus) pucherani. It would be interesting to know, in conclusion, whether any of those other species have two types of holes and back into the narrow ones in the manner of M. rubricapillus. (Since the above was written, Dr. Short (pers. comm.) has called attention to other woodpeckers having tails 45-50% of wing lengths, such as Picoides (Dendrocopos) maculatus, P. absoletus, and P. dorae, various species of Dendropicos and Celeus (Micropternus) brachyurus that might be observed for unusual types of roost holes and manner of entering them.)


While ultrasound provides a remarkable tool for tracking the tongue's movements during speech, it has yet to emerge as the powerful research tool it could be. A major roadblock is that the means of appropriately labeling images is a laborious, time-intensive undertaking. In earlier work, Fasel and Berry (2010) introduced a "translational" deep belief network (tDBN) approach to automated labeling of ultrasound images of the tongue, and tested it against a single-speaker set of 3209 images. This study tests the same methodology against a much larger data set (about 40,000 images), using data collected for different studies with multiple speakers and multiple languages. Retraining a "generic" network with a small set of the most erroneously labeled images from language-specific development sets resulted in an almost three-fold increase in precision in the three test cases examined.


THE conclusions reached in this paper, insofar as they depend upon the limited postwar income and expenditures data available, should be considered as tentative, and subject to modification as new data come into use. Nevertheless, for reasons given below, it is felt that the correct long-run relationship between prewar and postwar income and expenditures is described, even though that relationship may not be exactly measured. Analysis of this relationship throws considerable light on such related questions as the cyclical variability of the consumption function, its stability in the long run, and the direction, if any, of the savings trend. In view of the importance of these questions, and the almost total disagreement which now exists on them, this paper is perhaps amply justified, even though in a sense premature.


Oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced in a completely defined system containing glutathione (GSH), purified γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and EDTA‐ and ADP‐chelated ferric iron was enhanced by catalytic amounts of cupric ions and by ceruloplasmin (CP). The enhancement depended on GSH concentration, GGT activity, the presence of iron, and the chelation of copper by ophenanthroline. High concentrations of CP inhibited LPO. Cu‐ and CP‐enhanced, GSH‐GGT‐driven LPO was inhibited by the chain‐breaking radical scavengers butylated hydroxyanisol, α‐tocopherol, and Trolox C (a synthetic analog of α‐tocopherol) but not by the hydroxyl scavenger mannitol. Ascorbic acid increased LPO in the presence of Cu or CP. Cu‐enhanced LPO was partially sensitive to superoxide dismutase but not to catalase or horseradish peroxidase. The results indicate that Cu and CP enhance thiol‐driven LPO and promote thiol‐dependent mutagenesis by a very similar, if not the same, mechanism and are in agreement with the idea that this enhancement is due to redox reactions of chelated Cu and Fe, rather than to the reactivity of Cu in the Fenton reaction. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 29:73–80, 1997 © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This paper studies the consistency of the Gaussian maximum likelihood estimator in a cointegrated vector autoregressive model with nonlinear time trends in cointegrating relations. The results are proved in a coordinate free framework that readily allows for general nonlinear parameter restrictions and makes it possible to show the consistency of reduced form parameter estimators without assuming identifiability of underlying structural parameters. Various consistency results for structural parameter estimators can then be obtained by imposing suitable identification conditions for the parameters of interest but not necessarily for nuisance parameters. Orders of consistency are also obtained because they are needed to develop a related asymptotic theory of statistical inference.


The various endeavors led by Jesuits under the auspices to the Plan Scientifique du Kiang-Nan (Scientific Plan for the Jiangnan region) constituted a defining moment in the history of their mission in modern China. The Jesuits aimed to found a scientific capital that would also constitute the base of their East Asian mission, a project that led to a far-reaching engagement in education and sciences. The multiple projects they undertook were located within the framework of Western knowledge. The traditional Jesuit strategy adapted itself to a new context by encouraging a constructive and fruitful interaction between religion and science. Jesuit intellectual apostolate included not only research but also the dissemination of technologies and knowledge central to the rise of modernity in China. The entry into this country of well-educated, deeply zealous Jesuit missionaries along with their observations on the social and political changes taking place decisively contributed to the modernization of Shanghai and to the emergence of multi-perspective narratives about the destiny of the city. Assessing the Jiangnan-based Jesuits' continuous efforts as well as the challenges and contradictions they met with help us to integrate the seemingly conflicting ethos of Christian mission and scientific quest into a reframed perspective of global history.


The reduction and reconstruction of the dynamics of nonholonomic mechanical systems with symmetry are investigated. We have considered a more general framework of constrained Hamiltonian systems since they appear in the reduction procedure. A reduction scheme in terms of the nonholonomic momentum mapping is developed. The reduction of the nonholonomic brackets is also discussed. The theory is illustrated with several examples.


We present a theoretical study on the composition dependence of the surface phonon polariton (SPP) mode in wurtzite structure ?-InxGa1-xN ternary alloy over the whole composition range. The SPP modes are obtained by the theoretical simulations by means of an anisotropy model. The results reveal that the SPP mode of ?-InxGa1-xN semiconductors exhibits one-mode behaviour. From these data, composition dependence of the SPP mode with bowing parameter of ?28.9 cm?1 is theoretically obtained.


Radiation heat transfer is an important mode of heat transfer even in our life space at room temperature. Such radiation heat transfer is evaluated mostly by calculating the radiation energy exchange among surfaces in an enclosure. For this evaluation, knowledge of the hemispherical emittances of the constituent life surfaces is needed. However, there has not been a suitable technique for measuring the emittance of each surface in the life space at room temperature. In the present work we develop a new apparatus for measuring total hemispherical emittances of real surfaces at room temperature. The apparatus consists of a total radiation flux meter and a Peltier element cooler to cool the flux meter surface from the back, and measure the net total radiation flux from the specimen surface to the surrounding surfaces to determine the total hemispherical emittance of the specimen surface. This apparatus is effective to measure total hemispherical emittances of surfaces at room temperature on site. We apply the developed apparatus to measure the total hemispherical emittances of various surfaces in the life space, such as metals, human skin, cloth, floor mat, wood, glass, brick tile, stone, cement, plant leaves, etc., and demonstrate the feasibility of the apparatus. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.20349


Objective To recommend an appropriate Vitamin K supplement method to total breast-fed small infants.Methods Ninety newborn infants were involved and followed up to 3 months old.Their umbilical cord blood and blood at 45 and 90 days of life was collected to detect serum protein induced by Vitamin K absence or antagonists-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ)to screen their Vitamin K condition by using latex agglutination test.They were total breast fed until 3 months old.Forty-five infants(control group)received Vitamin K 1 1mg intra-muscular injection immediately after birth for one time,and the others(study group)received Vitamin K 1 according to their PIVKA-Ⅱ levels following the Vitamin K supplement suggestion in China.Results PIVKA-Ⅱ positive rate was 46.7% in 90 newborns,and it was 42.2% in control group and 51.1% in study group respectively,χ 2 =0.71,P0.05.After Vitamin K supplement,PIVKA-Ⅱpositive rate at control and study group dropped to 33.3% and 0% at 45 days of life,χ 2=18.00,P0.001;and to 16.5% and 0% at 90 days of life,χ 2=5.58,P0.05.Conclusions More than 40% newborn infants present sub-clinical Vitamin K deficiency during their fetal life.Individualized Vitamin K supplement can provide better prevention effect.


The paper describes the influence of the start-stop system on the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. The tests were performed for two vehicles. The first one was a vehicle designed specifically to operate in city conditions. It was fitted with a gasoline engine of the displacement of 0.9 dm3 and maximum power output of 63.7 kW. The other vehicle was an SUV (Sports Utility Vehicle) fitted with a diesel engine of the displacement of 3.0 dm3. The measurements of the exhaust emission were carried out on the same route under actual traffic conditions. For the tests a portable exhaust emissions analyzer from the PEMS group SEMTECH DS was used (PEMS Portable Emissions Measurement System).


A graded selection of passages for practice in unprepared translation and comprehension, suitable for pupils working towards Latin at GCSE level.


The social commerce is an innovative and emerging transaction. It is the result of combination with transaction and social media technology. This study analyzes Korean college students' social commerce behavior through extending technology acceptance model(TAM) with social influence(SI). We confirmed all proposed hypotheses are significant and supported by the given data through PLS path modeling method with SmartPLS. It indicates that SI is an important factor influencing intention to use, so SI should be consider for theorists to enhance explanation and prediction of TAM and for practitioners to earn higher performances as well. Finally, based on the findings, suggestions for future studies are discussed.


This essay will discuss dysthanasia and how this practice affects the right to a dignified death. In the Chapter I we will seek to make connections by analyzing various figures such as euthanasia and orthothanasia until we reach the dysthanasia concept; in the same chapter we will discuss human dignity and the relationship with the bioethical principle of autonomyLater, in Chapter II aspects that make the configuration of the right to a dignified death, from the limits on the provision of human life, to the limitation of treatment and palliative care they will be studied.Finally, Chapter III deals with death in Ecuador, dignity is analyzed as an essential feature of the Constitutional State of Rights and Justice, then relate the dignity with informed consent and finally talk about the process of decision-making in the terminally ill . Keywords: dysthanasia, dignified death, doctor, patient, treatment, palliative care, dignity, bioethical principles, autonomy.


PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION
Primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) is histologically similar to ovarian serous carcinoma, but its biochemical features remain obscure. The authors investigated and compared clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes of patients with PPS and those with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed data from 14 patients with PPC and 219 patients with EOC treated at the present hospital from January 2005 to December 2012, including demographic data, pathologic findings, treatments, and outcomes.

RESULTS
Patients with PPC were significantly older (62.6 ± 8.4 years) than those with EOC (56.3 ± 11.3 years) (p = 0.045). There was no significant difference in serum CA-125 levels. The five-year survival rates did not differ significantly between patients with PPC (61.1%) and those with EOC (60.3%; p = 0.78); nor between patients with PPC and those with Stage III serous EOC (43.8%; p = 0.40).

CONCLUSIONS
Treatment strategies for EOC applied to PPC apparently led to similar survival patterns among the two patient groups. Cytoreductive surgery combined with pre/postoperative platinum-containing chemotherapy may be effective for PPC patients.


Organisms living in the Arctic and Antarctic are exposed to strong environmental constraints, especially temperature. Consequently, haemoglobin evolution has included adaptations with implications at the biochemical, physiological and molecular levels. The northern and southern polar oceans have very different oceanographic characteristics. Within the study of the molecular bases of cold adaptation in fish inhabiting polar habitats, and taking advantage of the information available on haemoglobin structure and function, we analysed the evolutionary history of the α and β globins of Antarctic and Arctic haemoglobins, under the assumption of the molecular-clock hypothesis, as a basis for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships between species. Temperate fish, including two non-Antarctic notothenioids of special evolutionary interest, were also considered. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the multiple sequence alignments constructed with the programme Clustal X. Tree topologies indicate that the chains of Antarctic major and minor haemoglobins cluster in two well separated groups and diverged prior to cold adaptation, forming a monophyletic group. In Arctic haemoglobins, the structure/function relationship reveals important differences in comparison with Antarctic ones, indicating a distinct evolutionary pathway. The Arctic ichthyofauna (unlike the Antarctic, dominated by one taxonomically uniform group) is characterized by high diversity, reflected in the phylogeny of a given trait. The constant physico-chemical conditions of the Antarctic waters are matched by a clear grouping of fish globin sequences, whereas the variability typical of the Arctic Ocean corresponds to high sequence variation, reflected in the trees by scattered intermediate positions between the Antarctic and non-Antarctic clades. The evolutionary history of the Root effect, an important physiological feature of fish haemoglobin, was investigated. Analysis of the fate of the residues of the β chains suggested to be correlated with the Root effect indicate that they should rather be regarded as ancestral characters, inherited by some species but not by others.


Judging from the common idea of the church calendar, a witty French meteorologist remarked, the saints of paradise are not above busying themselves in interfering with the weather and, sometimes, with each other's influence. The idea of associating weather with times and season is an old one, and, in Europe, goes back probably to the Middle Ages. It arose, no doubt, through the observation of more or less regular recurrences of certain kinds of weather and by the attribution of such recurrences, first to the gods, then, as Christianity spread, to the saints of the church.


The need to know more about COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) has led to a rapid increase in scientific publications on this virus in a short period of time. Rapidity in publishing can accelerate the achievement of the ultimate goal of answering our questions about COVID-19 but there may be concerns. One of our concerns is the carelessness to research ethics in COVID-19 studies, which may sacrifice research ethics for high-speed publishing. In this article, we address some of the concerns about research ethics in the study of COVID-19.


Note: This is a only a draft version, so there could be flaws. If you find any errors, please do send email to firstname.lastname@example.com. A more thorough version would be available soon in this space. Mechanism design is a rich area with a vast body of knowledge. So far in this chapter, we have seen essential aspects of game theory, followed by key results in mechanism design. We now provide a brief description of a few topics in mechanism design. The topics have been chosen, with an eye on their possible application to network economics problems of the kind discussed in the monograph. We have not followed any particular logical order while discussing the topics. We also caution the reader that the treatment is only expository. Pointers to the relevant literature are provided wherever appropriate.


Consensus-based distributed secondary frequency control schemes have the potential to simultaneously ensure real-time frequency restoration and economic dispatch in future power systems with large shares of renewable energy sources. Yet, due to their distributed nature these control schemes critically depend on communication between units and, thus, robustness with respect to communication uncertainties is crucial for their reliable operation. Furthermore, when applied in bulk power systems the control design and analysis should take higher-order turbine-governor dynamics of the generation units explicitly into account. Both aspects have not been addressed jointly in the existing literature. Motivated by this, we derive conditions for robust stability of a consensus-based distributed frequency control scheme applied to a power system model with second-order turbine-governor dynamics in the presence of heterogeneous time-varying communication delays and dynamic communication topology. The result is established by a novel coordinate transformation and reduction to eliminate the invariant subspace in the closed-loop dynamics and by constructing a strict common Lyapunov- Krasovskii functional.


A vibration retest of a spacecraft flight instrument, the Mars Observer Camera (MOC), was conducted using extremal dual control to automatically limit the shaker force and notch the shaker acceleration at resonances. This was the first application of extremal dual control with flight hardware at JPL. The retest was successful in that the environment was representative of flight plus some margin, the instrument survived without any structural or performance degradation, and the force limiting worked very well. The test set-up, force limiting procedure, and test results are described herein. It is concluded that dual control should be utilized when there is a concern about overtesting in hard-base-drive tests and the instrumentation for force measurement and control is available. Recommendations for improving the implementation of dual control are provided as a result of this first experience.


Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations of carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS) and the significance of electroneurophysiological examination in the diagnosis of CTS. Methods:Analyzed the clinical manifestations and causes in 36 patients with CTS. Patients received surgery based on the analysis of nerve conduction velocity and electromyography examination. Results:The total cure efficiency was 88% in 36 patients of the group in accordance with sensory function rating by eighteen-month follow-up postoperatively. Conclusion:Nerve electrophysiology examination and surgical treat-ment is of great significance in the early diagnosis of CTS and recovery of hand function.


Single ZnO nanowire metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) were fabricated using nanowires grown by site selective Molecular Beam Epitaxy. When measured in the dark at 25°C, the depletion-mode transistors exhibit good saturation behavior, a threshold voltage of ∼-3V and a maximum transconductance of order 0.3 mS/mm. Under ultra-violet (366nm) illumination, the drain-source current increase by approximately a factor of 5 and the maximum transconductance is ∼ 5 mS/mm. The channel mobility is estimated to be ∼3 cm 2 /V.s, which is comparable to that reported for thin film ZnO enhancement mode MOSFETs and the on/off ratio was ∼25 in the dark and ∼125 under UV illumination.


The use of pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) and direct-current stimulation for the treatment of delayed and nonunion of fractures is proving to be a major advance in traumatic orthopedic surgery. In this issue ofThe Journal(p 623), Bassett and his co-workers summarize their experience in the use of PEMFs for nonunited fractures and failed arthrodeses. The overall success in obtaining firm union is approximately 80%, which compares favorably with the success rate of cortical and cancellous bone grafting procedures. Other methods using direct-current stimulation to the nonunion site report a comparable success rate. More than a hundred papers have been presented and published on the use of various forms of electrical stimulation in promoting bone growth and fracture healing. Sir Dennis Paterson and his co-workers 1 in Australia have developed and are promoting the use of a fully implantable system using a small titanium-covered power source with titanium electrodes.


It is something of a commonplace among historians that the bitter con flict between England and Scotland which occurred from 1296 to 1328 the so-called First War of Independence was one in which the Scots lost many of the battles but won the war. The outcome of the hostilities was formal recognition in the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton of 1328 that Scotland was a realm * entire, free, and quit, and without any subjec tion, servitude, claim or demand'.1 Yet scholars also acknowledge that during the first phase of the war, from 1296 to 1307, the superior armed forces of Edward I came very close to accomplishing the subjection of the smaller kingdom. Indeed, the heroic figures of Scottish patriots such as William Wallace, Andrew Murray and, later, Robert Bruce overshadow and often obscure the struggles of the smaller realm in this important period. The chronicler Jean Froissart relates that, as he lay on his death bed in the northern reaches of England, Edward made his son swear that he would carry his bones to war against the Scots every time they rose up in rebellion.2 Apocryphal the tale may well be, but it nevertheless makes clear that in 1307 there was every expectation that Edward Fs rule over Scotland would remain permanent. It was largely owing to the incompe tence of his son Edward II that, in the end, the Scots were able to regain the upper hand, throw off the heavyweight of English domination, and begin the lengthy process of reclaiming the strongholds that had fallen under English control. Although Robert Bruce managed to seize the crown in the summer of 1306, one chronicler aptly commented: 'great was the task he then undertook, and unbearable were the burdens he took upon his shoul ders.'3 The first decade of the wars in fact cost the Scots dearly.4 It wit nessed the formal submission to Edward I of a large segment of the


In this study, we evaluate an interaction sequence performed by six modalities consisting of desktop-based (DB) and virtual reality (VR) environments using different input devices. For the given study, we implemented a vertical prototype of a first person shooter (FPS) game scenario, focusing on the genre-defining point-and-shoot mechanic. We introduce measures to evaluate the success of the according interaction sequence (times for target acquisition, pointing, shooting, overall net time, and number of shots) and conduct experiments to record and compare the users' performances. We show that interacting using head-tracking for landscape-rotation is performing similarly to the input of a screen-centered mouse and also yielded shortest times in target acquisition and pointing. Although using head-tracking for target acquisition and pointing was most efficient, subjects rated the modality using head-tracking for target acquisition and a 3DOF Controller for pointing best. Eye-tracking (ET) yields promising results, but calibration issues need to be resolved to enhance reliability and overall user experience.


This appendix contains sections titled: B.1 Introduction B.2 Origin of Power Definitions at the Time Domain for Single-Phase Systems B.3 Origin of Active Currents in Multiphase Systems B.4 Instantaneous Calculation of Power Currents in Multiphase Systems B.5 The p-q Theory B.6 Generalization of the p-q Theory to Arbitrary Multiphase Systems B.7 The Modified p-q Theory B.8 Generalized Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Three-Phase Power Systems B.9 Summary References


Image-tube spectrograms of high resolution were utilized to determine the velocity distribution within the central regions of NGC 7469. The observed velocity curves, some of which were asymmetric, largely reflect the rotation of the galaxy. A component of much smaller amplitude, attributed to radial motions, was also present. If distributed uniformly, the mass interior to 400 pc was about 10/sup 9/ M/sub sub solar /. A central mass condensation in excess of approximates 10/sup 8/ M/sub sub solar / seems to be excluded by the observations. The significance of these mass determinations in relation to models for Seyfert nuclei is discussed. (auth) During the seventh flight of Stratoscope II, a 36-inch balloonborne telescope, ftve photographs of the nucleus of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 as well as four equivalent photographs of a comparison star were obtained. These photographs show high definition and are well exposed. From a densitometric analysis a safe upper limit to the half- intensity diameter of the nucleus of 0.08'' is derived. This new upper limit is less than half the upper limit previously determined. (auth)


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose an on-line iterative compensation method combining with a feed-forward compensation method to enhance the assembly accuracy of a metrology-integrated robot system (MIRS).

Design/methodology/approach

By the integration of a six degrees of freedom (6DoF) measurement system (T-Mac), the robot' movement can be tracked with real-time measurement. With the on-line measured data, the proposed iterative compensation for absolute positioning and the feed-forward compensation for relative linear motion are integrated into the assembly process to improve the assembly accuracy.

Findings

It is found that the MIRS exhibits good performance in both accuracy and efficiency with the application of the proposed compensation method. With the proposed assembly process, a component can be automatically aligned to the target in seconds, and the assembly error can be decreased to 0.021 mm for position and 0.008° for orientation on average.

Originality/value

This paper presents a 6DoF MIRS for high-precision assembly. Based on the system, a novel on-line compensation method is proposed to enhance the assembly accuracy. In this paper, the assembly accuracy and the corresponding distance parameter are given by a series of experiments as reference for assembly applications.


Current total of labor dispatch amounts to 13000 people in Jianghan Oilfield,some of which have been the mianforce of bottom line in some work units.In order to solve the issues existing in labor dispatch,the author advocates setting up a sound management system,stabilizing the team and improving their occupational skills,thus inciting their work enthusiasm to acquire a harmonious labor employment and promote sustainable growth.


This paper seeks to explore the relationship between Roman Empire and Greek poleis in the IIth century. The imperial political power depended on an intricate web of relationship based on estate structure which were built together.


This paper provides new bounds related to the global optimization of the problem of mixed routing and bandwidth allocation in telecommunication systems. The combinatorial nature of the problem, related to arc expansion decisions, is embedded in a continuous objective function that encompasses congestion and investment line costs. It results in a non-convex multicommodity ow problem, but we explore the separability of the objective function and the fact that each associated arc cost function is piecewise-convex. Convexifying each arc cost function enables the use of e cient algorithms for convex multicommodity ow problems, and we show how to calculate sharp bounds for the approximated solutions. c © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


It is well recognized that novel computational models, devices and technologies are needed in order to sustain the remarkable advancement of CMOS-based VLSI circuits and systems. Regardless of the models, devices and technologies, any enhancement/replacement to CMOS must show significant gains in at least one of the key metrics (including speed, power and cost) for at least a subset of application domains currently employing CMOS circuits. In addition, effective defect tolerant techniques are a critical factor for the successful adoption of any new computing device due to the fact that nano-scale structures will have defect rates much higher than today's CMOS chips. The task of identifying application domains that could benefit the most from a new model/device/technology and ensuring that the resultant system meets functional requirements in the presence of defects requires synergistic efforts of physical scientists, and circuit and system design researchers. This paper contains a collection of three contributions–each focusing on one particular emergent technology–presenting a basic introduction on the technologies, some of their unique features in contrast with CMOS, potential application domains for these technologies, and new opportunities that they may bring forward in defect tolerance design. The contributions include both traditional and nontraditional state representations which use either electronic or magnetic interactions. 1. CMOL AND COUSINS: HYBRID CMOS/NANO CIRCUIT FAQS Konstantin K. Likharev Q: What is CMOL? A: The basic idea of hybrid CMOS/nanoelectronic circuits is to complement the CMOS stack with a few-layer nanoelectronic addon (Fig. 1a) in the form of a nanowire crossbar (Fig. 1b). This idea Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. CODES+ISSS'08, October 19–24, 2008, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Copyright 2008 ACM 978-1-60558-470-6/08/10 ...$5.00. may be traced back at least to the pioneering paper by J. Heath et al. [19]; however, the authors of that work and several following works in which this concept has been developed (see, e.g., reviews [10, 37, 53]) have assumed the use of relatively complex, three-terminal nanoelectronic devices whose integration is still well beyond reach. The current stage of the hybrid circuit idea development (started in 2003 [33, 39], but having evolved substantially until the late 2005 [34,37,59]) is focused on hybrid circuits which do not use any active nanoelectronic components beyond similar, simple (two-terminal), bistable devices (Fig. 1c) formed at each crosspoint simultaneously with the crossbar patterning. Q: What are the main options for crosspoint device implementation? Does the acronym "CMOL" imply using molecular devices? A: The answer to the latter question is NO. This (admittedly, misleading) term was coined in 2003, when molecular electronics seemed the only option for the implementation of crosspoint devices. By now, two-terminal crosspoint devices with the necessary "latching switch" functionality (Fig. 1c) have been demonstrated using a broad variety of materials and fabrication techniques see, e.g. Refs. [27, 65] for recent reviews. For most of them, the device-to-device reproducibility (which is, of course, necessary for integration) has not yet been documented; however, there are notable exceptions. For example, I. G. Baek et al. [3] have demonstrated a few-percent reproducibility of the effective ON resistance of metal-oxide-based devices, while A. Chen et al. [6] have reported a (still acceptable) ∼ 30% r.m.s. spread of ON currents in copper-oxide-based junctions. Even more promising, J. Billen et al. [4] have achieved ∼7% and ∼20% r.m.s. scattering of the, respectively, OFF→ON and ON→OFF switching thresholds in (relatively thick) Cu-TCNQ layers, whereas S. Jo and W. Lu [21] have reported a ∼10% spread of the OFF→ON switching voltage in amorphous-Si-based devices. The apparent bistability mechanism in all these devices is reversible field-induced drift of cations in amorphous oxide matrix, leading to conducting filament formation and dissolution. Preliminary estimates show that this physics may give reproducible devices all the way to Fnano ∼ 10 nm; after that other materials may become necessary, for example specially designed molecular self-assembled monolayers ("SAMs") with the atomic-reconfiguration [11] or single-electron [15,33,39,43] bistability mechanisms. The recent revolutionary breakthrough [2] in reproducible SAM fabrication gives every hope that these devices may be integrable. Q: Any other components you need?


This article describes various uses of kinetic Energy in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and whyNatural Language Processing could be used in trading, with the potential to be use also in otherapplications, including psychology and medicine. Kinetic energy discovered by great Romanianmathematician Octave Onicescu (1892-1983), allows to do feature engineering in various domainsincluding NLP which we did in this experiment. More than that we have run a machine learningmodel called xgboost to see feature importance and the features extracted by xgboost where capturedthe most important, in order to classify for simplicity of reader some authors by their content and typeof writing


The federal government has at least 30 programs that provides over $30 billion in financial assistance to students to support postsecondary education in the form of grants, scholarships fellowships and other types of stipends. These programs are in addition to federally-supported student loans, loan forgiveness programs, academic support programs and other financial assistance provided directly to colleges and universities.


House arrest has yet to find its formal historian but from fragmented sources we know that it was used in the pre-modern era, usually but not necessarily as a form of detention for more privileged critics of political or ecclesiastical authority. It acquired sinister, antidemocratic connotations as a penal intervention in the authoritarian and totalitarian regimes of the twentieth century, and is still used in China (sometimes with government closed-circuit television cameras trained on the home), often but not always for more privileged dissidents with strident supporters in the West. With the exception of its occasional use as a wartime "emergency power", pretrial detention at home (bail) has been its only legacy in Western democratic societies. Both this and home confinement as a judicial or executive punishment increased in penal status when electronic monitoring became available to enforce them.

Keywords:

community corrections;
electronic monitoring;
literature of confinement


Background: In our previous work, we synthesized a novel analogue of losartan
(Compound A) with dual calcium (Ca2+) channel blocking and
antagonism of angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1)
activity. In this study, the effects of this compound (compound A) on the blood
pressure (BP) and the heart rate (HR) of normotensive rats were investigated
and compared to losartan, which was used as a positive control.
Method: A novel dihydropyridine
compound was synthesized by connecting a dihydropyridine nucleus to an
imidazole ring. Three doses of compound A (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and three
doses of losartan (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg) were administered intravenously to different
groups of normotensive male rats, and their effects on mean arterial
BP (MABP) and heart
rate (HR) were evaluated.
Results: All three doses of compound A reduced the MABP in normotensive anaesthetized rats in
a dose-dependent manner. The administration of 1 mg/kg of compound A and 4
mg/kg of losartan (the largest doses) caused a reduction of 67.2 ± 2.2 and 69.3 ± 2.9 mmHg
in the MABP, respectively.
 Conclusion: It can be concluded that
like losartan, compound A has hypotensive properties. It can also be
concluded that compound A has greater potency than losartan.


Copyright: © 2013 Aronow WS. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Ticagrelor is a non-thienopyridine antiplatelet drug which is an oral, reversible, direct-acting inhibitor of the ADP receptor P2Y12 [1]. Plasma levels of ticagrelor peak rapidly 1.5 to 3.0 hours after administration with antiplatelet effects occurring within 2 hours after administration. Ticagrelor has a half life of 7 to 8.5 hours with the metabolite lasting up to 12 hours [2]. This combined with its reversible binding to the ADP receptor P2Y12 requires twice daily dosing [2]. The rapid reversibility is beneficial if a surgical procedure has to be performed but is a disadvantage in poorly compliant patients. A loading dose of ticagrelor 180 mg achieves faster and greater platelet inhibition than a 600 mg loading dose of clopidogrel and is faster in offset after drug discontinuation than is clopidogrel [3].


This papaer deals with a model reduction problem for linear systems with time varying parameters. For this problem, a controllability Grammian and an observability Grammian are introduced and computed by solving linear matrix inequalities. Using the controllability/observability Grammian, a balanced state space realization for linear parameter varying systems is obtained. From the balanced state space realization, a reduced model can be obtained by truncating not only states but also time varying parameters and an upper bound of the model reduction error is derived as well.


This volume gathers fifty papers from the conference Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition, GALA 2007, celebrated in Barcelona between the 6th and 8th of September, 2007. It covers the areas of syntax and phonology of child language from the theoretical perspective of generative grammar - the theoretical outlook which first placed language acquisition at the centre of linguistic inquiry.


ABSTRACT Motion picture actors (MPA) have to compete in a highly competitive, complex and dynamic environmental setting. However, only little knowledge concerning their success factors is available. The present study addresses this lack of research by using a structural equation model-driven approach, testing and using data from a survey with 566 MPAs. The aim of this approach is to provide insights concerning specific resources and competencies that increase the possibility of successful casting for MPAs. Therefore, we tested six hypotheses and identified significant positive effects on MPAs' success from the following resources and competencies: personal network of contacts, talent agency's competence, actor's social competence, actor's media presence and actor's pricing competence. The empirical findings further illustrate the essential role of the personal network of contacts as a source of MPAs' success and offer advice for MPAs to enable them to actively and strategically develop their careers. Since this is one of the first studies that analyses success factors of MPAs based on a large sample of primary data using a multivariate method, the empirical findings constitute an important theoretical contribution. Furthermore, several practical implications are provided to MPAs.


Osmotical controlled oral drug delivery system has its glorious prosperous.By referring to the previous articles,the author attempts throw some light on its development,with the different sections: the development,preparation,coating,percolating.


Objectives: (1) To study compliance rate of prescriptions written in capital letters according to continual quality improvement (CQI) 3j indicator of National Accreditation Board of Hospital (NABH) (4th edition). (2) To study compliance to doctors and patient detail, legibility of prescriptions, strength and dose, frequency, route of administration, dosage form, abbreviation for drug, allergy detail, and leading zeros in the dose. Materials and methods: Convenient randomly selected Medication Administration Record (MAR) sheets from wards and intensive care units (ICUs) were studied. One hundred thirty-two prescriptions were identified for errors pertaining to doctor's details, patient's details, and medication details. Errors were captured on a prepared checklist for a period of 11 days. Results were analyzed by Microsoft Excel. Results: Results were expressed in percentages for wards and ICUs respectively. Six hundred twenty four and 652 drugs were observed in wards and ICUs respectively. Doctor's name was present in 79.6 and 83.3%. Out of 55 prescriptions in both wards and ICUs, patient's name compliance was 94.5 and 96.4% and patient's weight was 83.6 and 81.8% respectively. Compliance for drugs in capital was 98 and 100% for wards and ICUs respectively. Details pertaining to medication were also found out subsequently on various parameters. Conclusion: The study revealed that the level of completeness of handwritten prescriptions was low in terms of doctor's details and patient's weight, which indicates unsatisfactory commitment of the prescribers to follow the hospital guidelines of prescribing. Majority of prescriptions showed compliance to medication written in capital but still the compliance to clear and legible prescriptions is three-fourths of the total prescriptions. recommendation on the prescribing practices of medical practitioners to make rational prescribing. 8


Fresh or dried forms of various plants are commonly used in foods for improving quality attributes of the foods. Many researchers have found that phenolic compounds, organic acids and essential oils in the structure of plant sources show antimicrobial properties against microorganisms. Therefore, plant sources provide important potential for ensuring food safety. In recent years, as consumers have also increased their tendency to consume natural products, plant products have become more important in food industry as alternative antimicrobial agents. In this work, studies on antimicrobial active ingredients in plant products and their mechanisms of action as well as studies on inhibitor activity of these products in food systems have been compiled.


The relation between primary acoustic cues and secondary acoustic characteristics of vowels was investigated by asking subjects to identify vowels in different contexts and under different conditions. Six isolated vowels, /a/, /i/, /u/, /ae/. /I/, and /e/ were presented under nine conditions: naturally spoken, synthesized, synthesized with no differential fundamental frequency information, synthesized with no differential durational information, synthesized with no formant structure, synthesized with no differential fundamental frequency or durational information, synthesized with neither formant structure nor differential fundamental frequency information, synthesized with neither formant structure nor differential durational information, and synthesized with no formant structure and no differential fundamental frequency or durational informational information, synthesized with neither formant structure contexts and presented to subjects for identification. These contexts were chosen to either minimize or...


Triphala is a combination of 3 medicinal plants, used extensively in Ayurveda since ancient times. Triphala mouthwash is used for treating periodontal diseases because of its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. This article reviews the use of Triphala as a mouthrinse in periodontal disease.


A new, simple, accurate, rapid, precise RP-HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of ofloxacin and tinidazole in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. A good chromatographic separation was achieved with Intersil ODS C18 (250×4.6mm.5µ) column and ammonium acetate buffer pH 4.0, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran 60:30:10 was used as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min and the detection was carried out at a wavelength of 304 nm. The retention times was found to be 2.350 min for ofloxacin and 3.613 min for tinidazole. The linearity of the method was in the concentration range of 15-35µg/mL for ofloxacin and 45-105µg/mL for tinidazole. The developed method was validated for system suitability, specificity, precision, recovery and linearity according to ICH guidelines. The method was successfully applied for routine analysis for the determination of oflaxacin and tinidazole in bulk and dosage forms.


This paper reports on the Perinatal Mental Health and Wellness Project which aimed to develop and evaluate a collaborative model for mental health promotion, illness prevention and early intervention in the perinatal period. The project took on a place-based action research approach, developing and trialling the model with expectant parents (n=537) engaged with Redcliffe Hospital Maternity Services in the Metro North Hospital and Health Service in Queensland, Australia, from 2015 – 2017. In Australia, at least 16% of expecting and new mothers and 10% of expecting and new fathers experience depression and/or anxiety to a clinically significant degree1. Supporting and protecting the mental health and emotional wellbeing of expectant and new parents not only benefits the parents but has lifelong benefits for the infant, reducing demand for social and health services across the lifespan. Based on this evidence and the identified need for more effective models of promotion, prevention and early intervention in perinatal mental health, a collaborative project was developed. The project was jointly funded by the Queensland Mental Health Commission and the Statewide Maternity and Neonatal Clinical Network, Clinical Excellence Division, with in-kind support from participating organisations including Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Hope's Room Incorporated, and Women's Health Queensland Wide. A key component of the model included closer collaboration among public health services, non-government services and peer-led services, to provide information and resources to support the emotional health and wellbeing of expectant and new parents and their infants and families. This was achieved by the establishment of new relationships between project partner organisations and the First 5 Forever Program, Moreton Bay Regional Council, Playgroup Queensland and Brisbane North Primary Health Network, which resulted in their collaborative contribution to the model of service. Project findings support the premise that partnerships and collaborations have the benefit of bringing together varied skills and resources for more successful outcomes. Collaborative partnerships require a clear purpose, add value to the work of partners and have a bigger impact than if partners were working alone.  Our project was mindful of these factors in creating a successful collaboration3. Feedback received from members of the collaboration indicates that the establishment and strengthening of relationships has resulted in increased connectedness of the community sector with the health sector, co-production and co-branding of resources, review and improvement to referral processes and increased opportunities to engage with fathers which otherwise would have been limited. Cross-sectoral collaboration, especially the initial building of relationships, requires considerable time and effort. While such an innovative project presented challenges at many levels, evaluation has been overwhelmingly positive and the model is seen as holding considerable promise for implementation in other areas. References : 1- WHO Maternal mental health. [Accessed 14 Jun. 2017] Available from: http://www.who.int/mental_health/maternal-child/maternal_mental_health/en/ 2- Beyond Baby Blues. (n.d.). [ebook] Hawthorne, VIC: Beyond Blue, pp.1 - 6. [Accessed 14 Jun. 2017] Available from: https://www.bspg.com.au/dam/bsg/product?client=BEYONDBLUE&type=file&prodid=BL/0967  3- The partnerships analysis tool. (2016). 2nd ed. [ebook] Melbourne VIC: Victorian Government. [Accessed 15 Jun. 2017] Available from: https://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/-/media/ResourceCentre/PublicationsandResources/General/VH_Partnerships-Analysis-Tool_web.pdf


What Kind of Future Can We Expect? Human beings are constantly changing their behaviour and will continue to change their behaviour in the future. The natural environment, our societies and individuals will be very different in the future compared with their form today. Some of these changes will result from already identifiable trends, but others will result from our own attitudes – self fulfilling prophesies emanating from our own optimistic or pessimistic expectations. Researchers such as Kirchberg (1998) have identified a number of ways in which our students are changing already. Such researchers tell us that students are becoming: more self conscious but also more selfish; more independent but also more egocentric; more open but also more reserved; more experienced but also more stressed; more work-oriented but also more marks-oriented; more grown-up but also less idealistic; more informed but less flexible; more interested but often changing their interests; more open minded but often less focussed; and finally, often better informed in InformationTechnology than their teachers. What are the implications of these changes for the future? No activity is more fraught with danger than prophecy. Often, prophecy varies according to whether the prophet is an optimist or a pessimist. However, there seems to be some trends upon which there is general agreement. There are alarming signs of emerging problems in the natural environment as well as in Western society and its individuals. At the level of individuals, such


Receiving the Gift of Friendship: Profound Disability, Theological Anthropology, and Ethics. By Hans S. Reinders. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdinarts Publishing Company, 2008. 414 pp. $36.00 (paper). This superb book is a model of method in theological ethics and a substantive contribution to the theological literature on disability, friendship ethics, and theological anthropology The subtitle charts the course of the book. Reinders begins with the questions that arc raised by the existence oi persons with profound disability. He does so, however, not to try to explain "them" but to understand "us," all of us. The problem that concerns him can be stated quite simp] v. If vou ask most people whether persons with disabilities are still people, their answer will be a quick, and sometimes emphatic, affirmative. Yet if you ask the same people what makes us human, their answer will speak ol qualities: the use oi reason, the ability to make choices, having a sense of self, and so forth. It is clear, however, that those who are severely intellectually disabled cannot use reason or make choices or even, in the most severe instances, have a sense of self. Reinders s question is not whether such people are reallv human, but rather, if we assume the)' are human just as we are, then what does that mean about us? He develops his argument both carefully and sensitively. He works through the thought of 1 catling disability- rights advocates and theologians, finding much in their work to commenti. But he also finds that, typically, physical disability is taken us the normative frame oi the question, leading to an emphasis on rights and access, self-expression, and the like - and to an unfortunate exclusion of those with intellectual disability. Reinders also works through what he calls "Roman Catholic doctrine" on being human. Again he finds much to commend in the insistence that each being with human parents is human. But the same Roman Catholic doctrine holds that the end of the human is a fulfillment of her capacities of reason and will - which capacities, of course, the severely mentally disabled lack. So the examination of severe disability leads to a need for a theological anthropology that will speak both to the genesis and the telos of the human being in terms that can apply to all oi us. Reinders works through the major theologians oi disability, including the late Nancv Eies land (famous for speaking of "the dis al) leti God"). He explores the development of Stanley Hauerwass thought on the importance of not turning persons with disabilities into "instruments" for the charity ol others (or even instruments of an argument of liberal cultural critique - which led to Hauerwass self-imposed silence on the question). …


Summary The normal sequence of spermatogenesis in Fasciola hepatica has been established. The single-celled primary spermatogonium—after three mitotic divisons and one meiotic division, accompanied by incomplete cytokinesis—gives rise to a rosette of 32 spermatid cells from which the spermatozoa differentiate. Rosette formation begins to develop at the tertiary spermatogonial stage and leads to individual cells being joined together via a central "cytophore". As revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), spermatogenesis is readily disrupted by the active sulphoxide metabolite of triclabendazole (TCBZSX), a relatively new benzimidazole anthelmintic. Following short incubation times in this drug (3 h onwards), the spermatogonial stages become mitotically inactive and detached from their normal position close to the wall of the tubule. The rosette stages become increasingly disrupted, with fragmentation of the cytoplasmic cytophore. After longer time periods (12–24 h) the testis tubules were almost ...


This paper presents a new method for modulation and recognition of digital communication signals based on higher order cumulants (HOC) and support vector machines (SVM). The fourth and sixth order cumulants of the received signal are used as the classification vectors. SVM maps input vectors nonlinearly into a high dimensional feature space and constructs the optimum separating hyperplane in space to realize signal recognition. This method is robust to Gaussian noise and constellation rotation due to initial phase of signal and avoids overfitting and local minimum in neural networks. The high performance and robustness of the algorithm are proved by computer simulation.


Spanish monopoly. Cinchona plantations were established in India, Costa Rica, Philippines, Java, and the Congo. However, Rocco cautions that not all is well with the state of cinchona plantations in the twenty-first century. In places like the Congo, where the last remaining plantation of Charles Ledger's quinine-rich cinchona tree species are still found, the tree's very existence is threatened by man and the phytophtora fungus. Hopefully this warning will be heeded, and ways sought to prevent the depletion of this source of affordable quinine, a medicine that remains important in the treatment of severe forms of malaria. It is in the detailed description of events, the portrayal of the wellknown and obscure characters, and the access to rare documents where this book excels as a unique, meticulous undertaking. No location, event, or personage is trivial, and lengthy tidbits are abundant. On the college of cardinals that assembled to elect Pope Gregory's successor in 1623, Rocco narrates how that eminent body not only had to contend with the spiritually demanding task at hand, but had to grapple with the physical and emotional stresses of malaria. She dwells at length on the rituals and rites surrounding the election of a new pope, which would have been outright tedious in a book on cinchona had it not been for her beguiling prose. As much as quinine remains an important drug in the limited armamentarium of malaria treatment, significant microbial resistance to it is developing in Southeast Asia and parts of South America, contrary to the author's assertion that malaria parasites have yet to develop "more than a token resistance to it" (p. 303). Nonetheless, Quinine, written by an author with personal experience of malaria, whose family's rendezvous with the disease spans three continents, is a delight to read.


Spontaneous regression of malignancies are a rare biological phenomenon, especially in lung cancer. Here, we present a case of an 80-year old man, with a cT2aN3M1b non-small cell lung cancer of the left upper lobe, whose tumor regressed spontaneously without any treatment. The cause of the spontaneous tumor remission remains unknown in this case. We describe this rare case and review the literature pertaining to spontaneous regression of lung cancer.


Purpose: Radiostereometric Analysis (RSA) is used to measure migration and inducible displacement (ID) of orthopedic implant devices to allow early prediction of implant failure (eg. Aseptic loosening). Total Ankle Arthroplasty (TAA) is used for the treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis. First generation TAA implant have meet with widespread failures while some second generation TAA implants are showing improved results. In this study RSA is used to evaluate the biomechanical properties of a new third generation TAA implant in an attempt to set a standard for the biomechanical evaluation on TAA implants in-vivo. Method: Patients undergoing TAA were enrolled consecutively (n=12; 7 males; mean age=59 years; mean BMI=29) and had 8 markers (0.08mm) inserted in both the tibia and talus during surgery. Standing, weight-bearing RSA exams were performed at 3 and 6 months and compared to concurrent supine exams to determine component ID. Results: For tibial components: at six months the components had translated posteriorly (0.3mm±0.5) and proximally (0.5mm±0.2), tilted into varus (0.5°±1.3), and tilted posteriorly (0.4°±0.8). The magnitudes of ID for the tibial components were moderate (mean Conclusion: An RSA methodology has been established to predict stability.


In this thesis we present a study about the modeling of multiscale fluctuation phenomena and its applications to different problems in econophysics and turbulence. The thesis was organized in three parts according to the different problems considered. In the first part, we present an empirical study of the Brazilian option market in light of three option pricing models, namely the Black-Scholes model, the exponential model, and a model based on a power law distribution, the so-called q-Gaussian distribution or Tsallis distribution. It is found that the q-Gaussian performs better than BlackScholes in about one-third of the option chains analyzed. But among these cases, the exponential model performs better than the q-Gaussian in 75% of the time. The superiority of the exponential model over the q-Gaussian model is particularly impressive for options close to the expiration date. In the second part, we study a general class of hierarchical models for option pricing with stochastic volatility. We adopt the idea of an information cascade from long to short time scales, aiming to implement a hierarchical stochastic volatility model whose dynamics is described by a system of coupled stochastic differential equations. Assuming that the time scales of the different processes in the hierarchy are well separated, the stationary probability distribution for the volatility is obtained analiticaly in terms of a Meijer G-function. The option price is then computed as the average of the Black-Scholes formula over the volatility distribution, resulting in an explicit formula for the price in terms of a bivariate Meijer G-function. We also analyze the behavior of the theoretical price with the parameters of the model and we briefly compare it to empirical data from the Brazilian options market. In the third part, we study a stochastic model for the distribution of velocity increments in turbulent flows. As a basic hypothesis, we assume that the velocity increments distribution conditioned on a given energy transfer rate is a normal distribution whose variance is proportional to the energy transfer rate and whose mean depends linearly on the variance. The dynamics of the energy flux among the different scales of the hierarchy is described by a hierarchical stochastic process similar to that used in the second part of this thesis for the volatility. Therefore, the stationary distribution of the energy transfer rate is also expressed in terms of a Meijer G-function. The marginal probability distribution for the velocity increments is obtained as a statistical composition of the conditional distribution (Gaussian) with the distribution of the energy transfer rate (a G-function), which results in an asymmetric distribution written in terms of a bivariate Meijer G-function. Our model describes very well the asymmetry observed in empirical velocity increments distributions both from experimental data and numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equation.


The development processes of conservation biology and ecotourism were reviewed and the connotation of ecotourism was discussed. According to the problems existing in the ecotourism of nature reserves in China, some important principles on the application of conservation biology were put forward in developing ecotouris m for the nature reserves, including resource sustainable utilization principle, species diversity principle, island biology principle and ecologic ethic for co nservation biology.


Resource monitoring is a key component in grid system. It can help understanding the performance limits and forecasting the failure of the system, advice in the scheduling and configuration of grid application and so on. This paper puts forward a system of grid resource monitoring service which is based on MDS (Monitoring and Discovery Service), which achieves real-time monitoring and the visualization of historical monitoring data for computing nodes in grid by Globus Toolkits. It introduces the design ideas of this service system, presents its architecture, and discusses its supports for low delay, low performance affection, scalability and manageability.


Component-Based Development (CBD) represents an advanced system development approach, capable for managing complexity and ever-changing demands in the business and IT environment. While many of the component technology solutions have been already settled in practice, of equal importance to their success are the methods and techniques closely aligned with CBD principles. Current methods do not offer a systematic and complete support for component-based way of thinking. This paper presents a new approach to CBD, integrating the component concept consistently into all phases and aspects of the enterprise system development. The approach combines the CBD paradigm and ISO Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP), providing a comprehensive component-based specification and development framework for building enterprise systems of nowadays.


Humanitarian operations in Darfur are threatened by an upsurge of violence against relief personnel, the United Nations has warned.

"During the second half of July we lost more aid workers than over the previous two years," said Mike McDonagh, humanitarian affairs officer at the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in Khartoum.

The main reasons for violence against humanitarian workers are tension and rumours among the local population. "We are now in the third—and for …


A study was conducted to estimate combining ability effects for seven characters of brinjal. Highly significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the traits. Result revealed that Pant Rituraj was found the best general combining ability (gca) effect for days to first flowering, number of Primary branches per plant and early yield per plant. Pant Samrat was showed the good gca effect for days to first flowering, number of fruits per plant, early yield per plant and yield per hectare. S. aethiopicum was recorded the best general combiners for the trait number of flowers per inflorescence, plant height and number of fruits per plant. BARI was the best general combiners for yield per hectare and PB-71 was found the best gca effect for early yield. The cross BARI×PB-66, BARI×PR and BARI×PS were found highest specific combining ability effect for most of the characters. Other good specific combiners were PB-71×PR, BARI×PB-71 and S. aethiopicum×BARI.


The complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process technology in a 300 mm wafer fab experienced wafer center yield loss. In-line wafer defect inspection revealed gross silicon pitting at the wafer center as the root cause of the yield loss. Affected dies showed pitting at the interfacial corner between the silicon substrate and the isolation oxide. The mechanism of silicon pitting involves creation of silicon microdefects during several high-temperature furnace anneal process steps (liner oxide and posthigh energy phosphorus implant anneals) because of local die and global wafer level thermally induced mechanical stress at the silicon substrate to isolation oxide interfacial corner. In addition, implant-induced silicon microdefects from a high energy (>2 MeV) phosphorus implant, extending to the silicon surface provide a further significant contribution to the silicon microdefect population. The overall microdefect population is further aggravated by Ostwald ripening during a subsequent thick sili...


Poly(styrene sulfonate)(PSS) doped calcium carbonate(CaCO3) particles were employed as a template,and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)(PAH) and PSS were alternately deposited on the template via layer-by-layer(LbL) assembly.The influence of PSS content on the template size and morphology and the loading efficiency of microcapsules were investigated.SEM and TEM were used to observe the morphology and hollow structure of microcapsules; and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA)and UV-vis spectrophotometer were used to characterize the nature of microcapsules.The results showed that the PSS-doped CaCO3 particles are all spherical and the higher concentration of PSS leads to smaller CaCO3 particles size,the PSS amount in CaCO3 particles is 2.73% ~ 5.12%,PSS trapped inside the microcapsules has no effect on its morphology and structure,vacuum drying is better than hot air drying,the resulting microcapsules have a deposition effect for rhodamine B,and the maximum loading efficiency is up to 75.42%.


We present SPEX, an innovative, compact, and robust Spectropolarimeter for Planetary EXploration, that measures fluxes F and polarization P of sunlight reflected by Mars from 400 to 800 nm with 2 nm (F) to 20 nm (P) spectral resolution, in 9 fixed viewing directions. With SPEX, dust and ice cloud particles in the atmosphere and the surface can be studied. To illustrate the power of spectropolarimetry, we present sample simulations of F and P of Mars for different dust scenarios.


Purpose: Section of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is classically used to induce experimental joint degeneration in animal models (dog, rabbit, rat…), but the contribution of physical activity to the course of the cartilage damage observed in this model remains unknown. We studied the influence of moderate physical activity on the course of experimental knee joint degeneration induced by section of the ACL in the rat. Material and methods: The right knee ACL was sectioned with and arthrotome in 60 male Wistar rats (180 g) under general anaesthesia. Full section of the ACL, performed with a fine lancet, was verified clinically by demonstrating anterior drawer. The non-operated knee served as a control. The rats were separated at random into two groups, with or without exercise. Exercise was calibrated on a treadmill running at constant speed (30 cm/s for 30 min, i.e. 15 km for 28 days). Rats were sacrificed on days 7, 14 and 28. Macroscopic inspection, histological analysis and immunohistochemistry tests (Caspase 3) were performed on each knee segment. NO was also assayed in the synovial fluid. Results: No cartilage damage was observed in the non-operated knees after running 15 km. Marked synovitis was observed in the knees with a sectioned ACL starting on day 7, associated with fibrillary surface formations. The severity of the cartilage damage increased from day 14 to day 28, predominantly on the medial tibial plateau and to a lesser extent on the adjacent femoral condyle, in the weight-bearing zone. Damage was minimal on the patella. Chondrocyte apoptotic phenomena were also observed, reaching maximum on day 7 and sustained thereafter. Physical activity had a significant effect on these parameters showing an improvement in the macroscopic and histological lesions from day 14 to day 28, and improvement in chondrocyte apoptosis from day 7 to day 14 and to day 28. Discussion: This novel work confirms the beneficial effect of moderate physical activity in an experimental joint degeneration rat model. Elsewhere, it has been well established experimentally that intense joint activity has a deleterious effect on chondral lesions after meniscectomy and/or section of the ACL. This unfavourable effect of intense physical activity has also been observed clinically in high-level athletes. Our experimental data suggest that moderate physical activity does not increase the risk of joint degeneration and could, under certain conditions, have a beneficial effect, as has been suggested by certain recent clinical data.


Section 401 of the National Gas Policy Act of 1978 requiring curtailment protection for agricultural users has created serious institutional, legal, operational, and marketing problems for the gas industry. This NGPA provision represents the first case offsetting curtailment priorities through congressional action rather than by regulatory decision; a statute cannot be revised to reflect new circumstances, unlike the policies of the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Moreover, Section 401 requires the revision of existing curtailment plans, a time-consuming procedure, while decreasing the attractiveness of natural gas in the industrial market. The structure of the statute itself has made its implementation confusing and difficult for both gas companies and agricultural users. These and other controversies await resolution through judicial action.


Beginning in 1260, the Mongol ruler Khubilai Khan embarked on the creation of a Chinese-style bureaucracy to govern his realm more effectively. At the same time, the court began to promulgate a salary code for its officials. Though both processes were led in large part by Chinese scholar-officials, this group continually complained about the shortcomings of the salary code and its negative effects on the bureaucracy. By studying their writings on salaries and official government records, this article will demonstrate that the Chinese literati used their complaints about the salary code to level criticisms against flaws in the administration and to push for bureaucratic reform, and that the Yuan court was genuinely concerned about the salary problem and took measures to alleviate it. Yet the court never actually reformed, and this article will ultimately aim to show how the response to the issue of salaries reflected the Mongols' desires to cling to the power and privilege that was afforded to them by a bureaucratic structure which preserved much of their traditional steppe institutions and values.


A two-scale three-dimensional approach for degradation and failure in polycrystalline materials is presented. The method involves the component level and the grain scale. The damage-induced softening at the macroscale is modelled employing an initial stress boundary element approach. The microscopic degradation is explicitly modelled associating Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) to relevant points of the macro continuum and employing a cohesive-frictional 3D grain-boundary formulation to simulate intergranular degradation and failure in the Voronoi morphology. Macro-strains are downscaled as RVEs' periodic boundary conditions, while overall macro-stresses are obtained upscaling the micro-stress field via volume averages. The comparison between effective macro-stresses for the damaged and undamaged RVEs allows to define a macroscopic measure of local material degradation. Some attention is devoted to avoiding pathological damage localization at the macro-scale. The multiscale processing algorithm is described and some preliminary results are illustrated.


The purpose s of this study w ere to determine oceanograph ic and water quality parameters and their suitability for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture . The measurements were carried out on dry season in Semak Dau n I sland , Karya I sland , and Panggang I sland waters of Thousand Islands, with area s of 315.0 , 12.0 , and 10 2.8 ha , water depth average of 4 . 6 m ( 0 . 5 - 28 . 1 m ) , 14.6 m (0.5-26.7 m ) , and 5 .3 m ( 0 . 8 -13.6 m ), mean current water velocity of  12 . 9 , 12 . 7 , and 13 . 5 cm/second, respectively. In the study areas, we found a diurnal tidal pattern with high wave in January and July-August.  Based on temperature, salinity , and water density in Semak Dau n I sland waters, there seemingly occurred a turn over indicating a good water circulation, while in Panggang Island and Karya Island waters tended to have a stratification. Generaly, water qualities in the study areas were in the op-timum range for white shrimp culture, i.e., temperature of 29 . 6-30 . 8 o C , turbidity of 0 . 1 0 -1 . 05 NTU, transparency of 5 . 8-9.7 m , total suspended solid of <8 mg/L, total dissolved solid of 20-164 mg/L , pH of 6 . 89-7 . 22 , salinit y of 32 . 2-32 . 3 , dissolved oxygen of 5 . 8-10 . 8 mg/L , am m onia of 0 . 068-0 . 145 mg/L, nitrat e 1.247-2 . 589 mg/L , and phosphate  of 1 . 021-2 . 352 mg/L . Moreover, in Semak Daun Island wa - ters , we found the highest suitability for white shrimp culture due to its better water circulation. Keywords: mariculture, coral reef waters, strait, water current, turnover, stratification.


The article discusses the problem of choosing the optimal frequency of functional tests, taking into account the reliability and law requirements, but also the impact of business aspects in the company. The subject of functional test interval is well described for purposes of the process industry. Unfortunately, this is not the case for the machinery safety functions with low demand mode. This is followed by a presentation of the current business approach, which, in order to achieve industrial excellence, monitor their performance through the appropriate selection of key performance indicators. In addition, companies are increasingly exploring potential risks in the following areas: new challenges in advanced risk management, including the perception of the company's facilities as a safe workplace insight of customers and business partners. Eliminating potential hazards is increasingly taking into account, especially the impact of human activity and its interaction with machines. The case study has been presented based on the machines used for the production of tire semi-finished products. In this article, the authors propose a solution for selecting the interval of functional tests of safety functions and additional machine protection measures as a compromise to achieve satisfactory results in terms of safety requirements, performance and legal requirements.


Virtual power plant (VPP) has become an important resource for reserve provision owing to its fast-responding capability. In this paper, an optimal VPP operational regime considering reserve uncertainty is proposed, which includes a novel day-ahead offering strategy and a real-time dispatching model. At the day-ahead stage, the offering strategy gives the VPP's price-dependent offers in the energy market under multiple uncertainties on market price, renewable generation, and calls of reserve deployment. A hybrid stochastic minimax regret (MMR) model is proposed to facilitate making offering decisions in the electricity market. At the real-time dispatching stage, generation scheduling can be realized based on the MMR criterion in an online fashion. To alleviate the intrinsic conservativeness of the dispatching model, a self-adaptive algorithm is also proposed to instantly modify the confidence bounds. The proposed regime is comprehensively tested through extensive case studies, of which the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness in obtaining economic and less conservative offering decisions.


Style is an important factor to be considered in cross-cultural, cross-lingual translation. There are three factors that work subtle constraints on the style of the translated text: competence for analyzing authorial style, weighing "manner" against "matter", and literary traditions in target culture. Despite such constraints, the translator's artistic pursuit finds expressions in creativity. The style of the target text is, therefore, a product of both the original author and the translator, a fact that qualifies the translator to share with the original author the authorship to the work he has helped transplanted into the target culture.


Primary Gastrointestinal Follicular Lymphoma is very rare. It is considered as an indolent lymphoma,
but a complication such as a perforation can increase the morbidity and mortality. We report the case
of a 57-years-old man who had a perforation primary follicular lymphoma of the jejunum presenting
as aneurismal form. He had peritonitis at his admission, and his abdominal CT revealed a massive
pneumoperitoneum and a segmental dilatation of the small intestine.


To boost tax revenues from the SMEs sector, the government has reduced the income tax rate for SMEs through the issuance of PP Number 23 of 2018. Nevertheless, in some regions, the tax revenues from the SMEs sector have, unexpectedly, decreased. The purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons for the lack of compliance by SME taxpayers, using the theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical framework. This study employed an exploratory design using a qualitative approach, in which the service areas of the Singaraja tax office served as the research setting. The results of this study show that the primary determinant of SME taxpayers' compliance in paying income tax is the taxpayers' consciousness concerning the importance of tax revenues for the country's financial wellbeing. This finding provides significant implications for the Indonesian tax authority concerning their mission to increase the compliance level of SMEs taxpayers in fulfilling their tax obligations.
Keywords: Taxpayer Compliance; SME; PP Number 23 Of 2018; Taxpayer Awareness; Theory Of Planned Behaviour.


Spontaneous fistula formation between the bladder and the sigmoid colon is a very rare entity. In general, the underlying cause is that the sigmoid colon diverticulum is inflated and perforated in the bladder wall. Sometimes, it can also develop due to infiltration of sigmoid tumors to the bladder wall. Inflammatory bowel diseases, tuberculosis, lymphoma, trauma, and previous surgical interventions are other potential underlying causes. Herein, a case of a vesicosigmoid fistula that developed spontaneously without any underlying specific etiology is presented.


A system including: at least one accessory device connected to an accessories drive shaft; a motor/generator including an input/output shaft; a first clutch arranged to receive torque from an engine and connected to the accessories drive shaft; a second clutch connected to the input/output shaft; and first and second torque transfer elements. The first torque transfer element is connected to the input/output shaft and the accessories drive shaft to reduce a rotational speed of the input/output shaft. The second torque transfer element is arranged to connect to a transmission input shaft, is connected to the second clutch, and is arranged to increase a rotational speed of the transmission input shaft. For a generator mode, the first clutch is arranged to be opened, the second clutch is arranged to be closed; and the transmission input shaft is arranged to rotate the input/output shaft via the second torque transfer element.


5167 Background: One-third of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients (pts) present with localized disease and have a 50–70% ten-year survival. Prognostic factors and adjuvant strategies have been explored. Platinum-based chemotherapy (QT) is the mainstay of therapy. Aims: To describe Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS) in EOC stage I-II pts receiving adjuvant platinum-based QT at our institution in the last 20 years. To determine prognostic factors and the role of paclitaxel addition. Methods: Retrospective analysis including all incident early-stage EOC pts receiving adjuvant platinum-based QT from 1984 to 2003. Well differentiated FIGO stages I were excluded. Demographic-data, surgical procedures, histological features, toxicities, follow-up and outcome were recorded. Up to 1997 pts received QT: CDDP 80mg/m2-CTX 750mg/m2, CBDCA 300mg/m2-CTX 600mg/m2, CDDP 80mg/m2-ADM 50mg/m2-CTX 500 mg/m2, every 3–4 w x 6. From 1997: Paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and CBDCA AUC5 every 3 w x 4–6. Results: 140 p...


The feasibility of detecting quantitative genetic variants based on a decrease in the integrated intensity of polypeptide spots in two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gels of human lymphoblastoid cell clones was investigated. A battery of 65 spots on 115 gels was studied to determine the distribution of quantitative measures for spots where no mutation had occurred. The corresponding distribution for spots which have decreased integrated intensity as a result of a mutation at one of two alleles coding for the spot was investigated by quantitating spots for which mutations were known to have occurred. These two distributions allowed the estimation of the rates of false positive and false negative errors for any particular strategy aimed at detecting null mutations, and thus provides a basis for the design of efficient strategies. Our silver stained gels have sufficient reproducibility of spot integrated intensities so that, for situations in which the mutation rate is relatively high, it is practical to monitor a sub‐set of spots for null variants using the same digitized images as are used to detect structural variants.