The article justifies the necessity of improvement of the well stock management efficiency as one of the main resources enhancing the productive capacity of the oil-producing structures. The subsystem of well workover is of particular interest. In order to improve the management efficiency of oil wells it is proposed to develop plans considering the principles of system and target approaches. Implementation of the suggested guidelines will raise incremental and reduced oil production and cut the unit costs per workover operation.


AIM: To investigate the effect and mechanism of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in topical treatment on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. METHODS: Colitis was induced by intracolonic administration of TNBS and was treated with 5-ASA at the dose of 100 mg·kg -1 for 2 weeks. Normal control group was administrated with normal saline and TNBS control group was treated with TNBS, not with 5-ASA. Macroscopic damage, histological changes and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were evaluated. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in colonic mucosa were detected by kits. The expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNAs in colonic mucosa was determined by a reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS: Compared with TNBS control group, the macroscopic and histological changes and MPO activity in 5-ASA treated groups were improved. SOD activity was increased and the level of MDA in colonic mucosa was reduced significantly. The expression of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNAs in colonic mucosa was also decreased significantly. CONCLUSION: 5-ASA enema can significantly ameliorate TNBS-induced colitis in rats via antioxidant mechanism and attenuation of proinflammatory cytokine expression.


Female fertility is impaired by the medical disorder known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which affects those who are of childbearing age or gradually past it. This medical condition raises the possibility of intricate long-term problems. Boosting and bagging algorithms provide exceptional recognition capabilities, particularly in the medical field. Here, presenting the hybrid machine learning model, i.e. Hybrid classifier is developed by combining the Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and XGboosting algorithms. In order to evaluate the best machine learning technique, the hybrid model is tested using a PCOS dataset that was obtained from the repository. Basic approaches for comparing the findings of various classifiers considered including Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, AdaBoosting, SVM, Decision Tree, and MLP were taken into consideration. The hybrid model is giving 93.8% of accuracy in discovering the PCOS at early stages.


The institution fatigue has become an important bottleneck that restricts the innovation of government institution in the transition of Chinese society.By using "institutional supply deletion of legal society"——the main problem that is puzzling government institution innovation as the cutting in point,elaborates four pairs of contradictory on institution deletion.They are the co-existent contradiction between competitive society and traditional administration,the contradiction between deficient apparent regulations and overwhelming latent regulations,the asynchronous contradiction between institutional supply and economic development,the contradiction between contractual society and acquainted society.From the view of management and economics,this paper makes elaboration and analysis on the connation and analysis of institution.It considers perfecting and developing restricted institutions as the premise,reasonably utilizing incentive system as the motivation,blending restricted institutions and incentive system as the only approach.Finally it proposes dispels ways of institution innovation distress in the course of social transition.


The shortcomings of an exit stress variation formula which has been well accepted are analyzed~ it is found that the exit stress variation formula violates the premise of the law of volume constancy. The shortcomings of an en- try stress variation formula are analyzed too, and the basic assumption of the formula is uniform exit velocity. How- ever, for a rigid-plastic material uniform exit velocity implies that the lateral distributioi1 of elongation is uniform, so the exit stress must be uniform and any type of flatness defect is impossible, which is contrary to the practice. In fact, entry and exit velocity variation influence entry and exit stress variation, and entry and exit stress variation in- fluence entry and exit velocity variation too, so a precise explicit stress variation formula cannot be got easily. Con- sidering the relationship between stress variation and velocity variation, an iteration method is presented to calculate entry and exit stress variation of cold rolling strip. To avoid divergent phenomenon of the iteration course, a relaxa- tion factor method is adopted. The calculation results are compared with the entry and exit stress variation formula commonly used by many researchers. The difference is remarkable, while the result calculated agree more well with measured result if the exit elastic recovery zone is considered. Specially, the incoming flatnessI propagate efficiency calculated ~ives a more realistic result.


California's San Francisco Bay Area, a metropolitan area located near rivers and sea, has both a high concentration of wetlands and significant infrastructure demands associated with dense urban areas. This paper identifies the wetland restoration plans and policies which dictate the recovery of San Francisco Bay Area wetlands as well as the infrastructure requirements that threaten to degrade San Francisco Bay Area wetlands. We find that recent wetland policy revisions and efforts by government and non-government agencies in the San Francisco Bay Area have been successful in revitalizing wetland restoration. However, urban growth and the need to protect against sea level rise from global warming create infrastructure needs that are constrained by these policy initiatives. We consider the unaddressed policy conflict between the goals of wetland reclamation and the demands imposed by infrastructure needs. We offer insight into how wetland mitigation markets and policies may adapt in response to this conflict


Abstract The influence of water and methanol (W/M) fractions on the performance of a compression ignition engine fuelled with animal fat (obtained from duck) emulsions is studied. A single cylinder air-cooled, direct injection diesel engine developing a rated brake power output of 2.8 kW at 1500 r/min is tested using diesel neat animal fat, and animal fat emulsions with different fractions of W/M. Results show reduced peak pressure with neat animal fat when compared with diesel. Animal fat emulsions result in increased peak pressure with increased W/M fractions. Ignition delay is quite high with neat animal fat. Increase in W/M amounts in the emulsions further increase the ignition delay. Heat release pattern shows improved combustion rates with animal fat emulsions at all W/M fractions when compared with neat animal fat. Drastic reduction in smoke emission from 3.6 m−1 with neat animal fat to a minimum of 0.5 m−1 is achieved with the animal fat emulsion at the maximum W/M fraction. NO emission is found to be lower with neat animal fat than with neat diesel. Animal fat emulsions further reduce NO emission at all W/M fractions. Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are also reduced significantly with animal fat emulsions at all W/M ratios when compared with neat animal fat. In general, animal fat emulsions with different W/M fractions show considerable reduction in all emissions and improvement in engine performance when compared with neat animal fat. Emulsion of 10W10M2S83 (i.e. 10 per cent of water, 10 per cent of methanol, and 2 per cent of span 83 by volume) is found to be the best among the three tested emulsions for optimum performance and emissions.


AbstractThe relationships of D. calcareum Broth. and D. subbrachycarpum (C. Muell.) Par., to D. brachycarpum Hampe, and of this species to D. difficile (Duby) Fleischer and D. rufo-aureum (Hampe) Willis are discussed. On the basis of comparable habit, leaf morphology, leaf cells and sectional anatomy, and similarities of the type descriptions, D. subbrachycarpum, with its synonym D. calcareum, are synonymized with D. brachycarpum.


Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) exhibits superiority in spectrum efficiency and device connections in comparison with the traditional orthogonal multiple access technologies. However, the nonorthogonality of NOMA also introduces intracell interference that has become the bottleneck limiting the performance to be further improved. To coordinate the intracell interference, we investigate the dynamic user scheduling and power allocation problem in this paper. Specifically, we formulate this problem as a stochastic optimization problem with the objective to minimize the total power consumption of the whole network under the constraint of all users' long-term rate requirements. To tackle this challenging problem, we first transform it into a series of static optimization problems based on the stochastic optimization theory. Afterward, we exploit the special structure of the reformulated problem and adopt the branch-and-bound technique to devise an efficient algorithm, which can obtain the optimal control policies with a low complexity. As a good feature, the proposed algorithm can make decisions only according to the instantaneous system state and can guarantee the long-term network performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has good performance in convergence and outperforms other schemes in terms of power consumption and user satisfaction.


The interest risk control of state-owned commercial bank is an important part when Chinese finance industryopen to the world. It is natural to deregulate the interest rate and based on the supply and demand power to decide the interestrate. During the process of open the fiance market,how to lake an effective measure to manage and control risk is the most im-portant challenge faced the commercial bank.


The non-linear finite element program of the large deformation analysis by computer simulation has been used in the prediction and evaluation of the behaviors of the non-linear rubber components. The analysis of rubber components requires the tools modelling the special materials that are quite different from those used for the metallic parts. The nonlinear simulation analysis used in this study is expected to be widely applied in the design analysis and the development of several rubber components which are used in the manufacturing process of many industries. By utilizing this method, the time and cost can also be saved in developing the new rubber product. The objective of this study is to analyze the rubber component with the large deformation and non-linear properties.


The durability and function of bovine pericardial valves are dependent upon design, preservation, patient factors (age, sex), and site of valve implantation. In 1983, a shelf recall of all Hancock bovine pericardial valves (HPV) was instituted by the manufacturer. This report represents the results of an organized 5‐year follow‐up in a hospital Prosthetic Valve Registry of 129 HPV implanted in 122 patients (79 males, 43 females) between May 1982 and April 1985 using echo Doppler and careful clinical evaluation. Mean age was 56 ± 15 years. There were 81 AVR, 33 MVR, 7 DVR, and 1 TVR. Concomitant coronary bypass was performed in 38 patients (31%). Surgery was on a redo basis in 25 patients (20%), urgent in 14 (11%), and for SBE in 8 patients (7%). There were seven hospital deaths (5.7%). Mean follow‐up was 44 months (maximum 66 months) for 114 patients (99% complete), representing 417 patient years. There have been 20 late deaths (18%), of which 7 were directly valve related. Linearized frequency of major events (per pt‐yr) was: thromboembolism, 1.6%; anticoagulant related hemorrhage, 0.8% (1 late death); prosthetic valve endocarditis 1.3%; primary tissue failure, 5.8%. Patient symptomatology was a more accurate predictor of bioprosthetic failure requiring reoperation than echo Doppler studies, which were completed in 74 of 97 patients examined during scheduled follow‐up visits. Twenty‐four of the 96 patients (25%) have required re‐replacement at a mean interval of 44 months (27–59 months) from initial implantation. This was due to vertical shear starting at the top of the strut anchoring commissural attachments in every case. There have been two redo operative deaths (8%), one in a patient with severe prosthetic endocarditis and one in a patient requiring double valve rereplacement with extensive coronary artery disease and biventricular failure. At 60 months, actuarial patient survival was 65% ± 14% and freedom from valve‐related complications was 54% ± 13%. There was no difference in rate of failure in relation to valve site or patient sex or age. We conclude that structural design has led to premature failure of Hancock bovine pericardial valves and predict that an increasing number will fail and should require interval re‐replacement.


Efforts of national governments and international agencies aimed at alleviating hunger and poverty are often undermined by lack of long-term adoption of agricultural innovations. Studies commonly explain farmers' adoption decisions using household general determinants, yet decision-making, particularly for under-resourced smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, is a complex process. Using the case of conservation agriculture [CA], this article analyses dis-adoption of agricultural technologies by examining multiple domains of Malawi's CA innovation system and how these influence farmer decision-making. It analyses institutional arrangements of CA promoters, national policies and farmers' experiences. From this, we empirically derive a multifaceted dis-adoption drivers' framework to explain CA dis-adoption in smallholder farming systems. Our findings reveal that adverse features in national policies, institutional arrangements, technological attributes and social cultural dimensions all lead to unfavourable experiences of CA for smallholder farmers, which can culminate in dis-adoption. The CA dis-adoption drivers' framework we develop in this study provides a useful troubleshooting tool. It can be used to guide improvements in the design and implementation of project-based interventions seeking long-term adoption of agricultural innovations across sub-Saharan Africa.


We are investigating how the routine use of engineering meta-applications can be made financially viable by using a software and hardware on-demand business model supported by an agent based electronic marketplace. The authors explains how their work has combined Web, agent and security technologies to create a robust and secure Internet based marketplace in which a trusted third party provides negotiation services between software application users and third party hardware and software service providers.


Objective: To observe the effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: 84 patients who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were given subcutaneous insulin therapy in 30 min before three meals and before sleep.Blood glucose was effectively controlled in 2 to 4 weeks,then the patients were given diet,exercise and medications therapy(hypoglycemic drugs or descending sugar,insulin drug combination).All patients were followed up 6 months,and the FBG,2 h PG,FINS,2 h INS,HbA1c,HOMA-β,HOMA-IR,TG,TC,BMI were compared before treatment and after treatment.Results: Six months after treatment,the FBG,2 h PG,HOMA-IR and HbA1c decreased significantly(P0.01),2 h INS,HOMA-β increased significantly(P0.01),FINS,BMI,TG,TC had no significant change(P0.05).Conclusion: Short-term intensive insulin therapy can improve insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in patients newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes,control blood sugar effectively,and it is worthy of promotion.


The utility model is a spiral clamp group which comprises: a helical bracket, and a cylinder-shaped entity. The top of the entity is extruded-installed with a center shaft. The external threw threads of the correspondent center shaft in the entity is provided with inner screw threads which can enable the helical center shaft to adjust the length. The top of the center shaft close to the entity is arranged with fixed screw caps; the utility model also consists of a supporting beam, which is in long rectangle shape, the center of which is provided with a long oval-shaped opening, in which a shaft core is arranged; the inner side of the entity forms a door-shaped bearing slots which can hold the fixed screw caps on the top of another entity so as to form a mutually-overlapped state. The surrounding of the supporting beam is extruded-arranged with a convex edge of a certain height which can enhance the anti-compression of the supporting beam.


Current research on the relationship between trust and audit performance shows
mixed results. Several studies have examined the relationship between trust and
performance (Sholihin and Pike 2009


The dual transformation is applied to non-Abelian gauge theories in four dimensions. It is shown that after the dual transformation the SU(2) Higgs-Kibble models give the same partition functions as the relativistic hydrodynamics of Freedman coupled to Higgs scalars and that these two theories have various dual relations. The hydrodynamics thus obtained is naturally defined as an expansion in the inverse of the original coupling constant. There exists a simple classical solution representing a circulation flow of fluid (vorticity) in the hydrodynamics with two triplets of Higgs scalars. This vorticity solution satisfies a flux quantization rule and corresponds to the vortex solution of Nielsen and Olesen in the non-Abelian Higgs-Kibble model.


In the superconducting magnetic levitation train, the race-track coil is often used for levitation or propulsion. However, it is difficult to analyze the magnetic field produced by the race-track coil which has linear and semicircular parts of exciting current. Therefore, the analytical solution of magnetic field by this coil has not been obtained yet. Then, in this letter, the exact theoretical analysis is carried out on magnetic field and self-inductance of a race-track coil. In addition, the validity of the theory is confirmed by comparing a measured value with a calculated one.


This report has looked at important cultural dimensions of a wide range of factors that impact multinational military operations. A number of issues, however, do not fall neatly within the parameters of the other chapters. This chapter will examine some of these topics under the general heading of "societal factors." In particular, this chapter will explore the extent to which societal factors, which are shaped by culture, may influence a national population's perceptions of military actions, which in turn may impact the participation and nature of involvement of some contingents in multinational military operations. Specifically, the chapter will address the following issues:


The effective implementation of comprehensive school counseling services to all students is premised on the ASCA National Model framework themes of leadership, advocacy, collaboration, and systemic change. The school counselor's role is to support the academic, career and social-emotional development of all students. From a school counselor advocacy and social justice perspective, school counselors engage in practices that will support all students and create opportunities for equal access and success through their leadership and service as collaborators, consultants and change agents. School counselor leadership results in positive changes within the school community. Using the ASCA Model Framework themes, school counselors can integrate these themes to support inclusivity, equity and access for students of color with disabilities, to the general education curriculum. In order to better prepare school counselor trainees to provide culturally appropriate support and services for students of color with disabilities, school counselor education programs must be more intentional in providing graduate-level course work that introduces trainees to best practices in their work with students with disabilities. First, this writer will discuss the ethical imperative for school counselor educators to be intentional in integrating special education curriculum in preparation programs and how school counselor education programs can use the ASCA Model framework themes in preparing school counselor trainees to engage in best practices to encourage, support, and ensure that students of color with disabilities have access and inclusion in the general education settings. Secondly, this writer will also discuss the incorporation of interactive related ASCA theme activities as preparation for school counselor trainees, in a special topics course as well as during practicum and internship and future professional school counselor opportunities.


Flow-alternating inversion-recovery magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 3.0 T to measure cerebral perfusion during rest and motor activation in six healthy adult volunteers. Results were compared with those at 1.5 T. The mean signal-to-noise ratio for both gray matter and white matter perfusion measured with and without vascular suppression at 3.0 T was significantly (P <.01) higher (n = 6) than that at 1.5 T. Brain perfusion activation maps collected during a motor task showed a substantially larger number of activated pixels (>80%) at 3.0 T, with activation in the supplementary motor area in the 3.0-T data that was not present on 1.5-T perfusion maps.


Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Animal Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare 1714-1 Yoshino-machi, Nobeoka-shi, Miyazaki, 882-8508, Japan *Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare 1714-1 Yoshino-machi, Nobeoka-shi, Miyazaki, 882-8508, Japan **Department of Medical Engineering, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare 1714-1 Yoshino-machi, Nobeoka-shi, Miyazaki, 882-8508, Japan 130 九州保健福祉大学研究紀要 15:127 ~ 135, 2014 α and interleukin-8 (IL-8) (which are related to allergy development), endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and PMA 10 12). Therefore, we can easily hypothesize that the modulation of mCD93 and sCD93 is closely associated with various diseases involving inflammation, including allergy. In the present study, to analyze the roles of the CD93 molecule in allergy with inflammation induced by Ni2+, we established a new CD93 monoclonal antibody (mAb) (mNI-11) 6, 13) and demonstrated the modulation of mCD93 and sCD93 in a human monocyte-like cell line (U937) treated with Ni2+, using the above-mentioned mAb as a probe for the analysis. Materials and Methods


The technique of additive microorganisms can be used in the treatment for Rifamycin wastewater of high concentration through the process of hydrolysisfluidized bedcontact oxidation. The results show the removal rate of COD is more than 96% and all values indexes meet GB8978-1996.


In this paper, the method developed to suture liver wounds is described in detail. !e results of the surgical treatment of liver laceration with blunt abdominal trauma during the period 2001-2012 are presented. !e technique developed for suturing liver wounds in patients with blunt abdominal trauma was evaluated. !e method developed involving suturing of the liver wounds in patients with blunt abdominal trauma contributes to reliable hemostasis, signicantly reduces the duration of surgery and the development of post-operative complications. IJBM 2012; 2(3):169-173. © 2012 International Medical Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved.


Aims: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting a large number of people worldwide, has been declared as a public health emergency. The goal of this study was to assess the Knowledge, Attitude, Practice (KAP), and risk perception of dental care during the covid-19 among dental students. Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to 4th-6th-year dental students. The questionnaire was divided into 5 sections. The first part contained questions regarding demographic information, whereas the other sections each assessed knowledge (18 questions), attitudes (5 questions), practices (7 questions), and risk perception (2 questions) of dental students. Findings: Among 314 participants, 69.43% were female. The mean scores for Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Risk Perception were 70.06 ± 8.95 (range: 0-100), 8.86 ± 1.70 (range: 5-15), 5.59 ± 1.86 (range: 0-7) and 4.72 ± 1.92 (range: 2-6), respectively. The mean knowledge score was not significantly different across gender (P≥ 0.05), females had a lower attitude score (P= 0.017) while their practice score was significantly higher (P=0.009). Based on the linear regression results, higher scores of risk perception were associated with gender (female vs. male: B=0.653, P=0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between practice and risk perception (r=0.215, p=0.007). Moreover a negative correlation between attitude and risk perception (r=-0.192, p=0.016). Conclusions: This study revealed that the overall scores of KAP among the dental students were good, however, their knowledge about the extra precautionary measures requires further educations.


Cationic LnIII complexes with the chiral macrocycle L, (P)-[LnLRRRRRR]3+, interact with anionic LnIII tris(dipicolinate) complexes, [Ln′(dpa)3]3–, forming tight hydrogen-bonded ion pairs in solution. Formation of these pairs has been documented by the DFT calculations, and a strong paramagnetic shift of the signals of the diamagnetic cation interacting with the paramagnetic anion was observed. This ion pair interaction leads to spectral enantiodifferentiation of the Λ-[Ln′(dpa)3]3– and Δ-[Ln′(dpa)3]3– enantiomers of the anionic complex.Although no Pfeiffer effect was observed for the (P)-[LnLRRRRRR]3+ diastereomers of the cationic complex, the (M)-[LnLRRRRRR]3+ diastereomers induce CD signals in the anionic [Ln′(dpa)3]3– partner. These spectra indicate a Pfeiffer effect, i.e. a shift of equilibrium between the Λ-[Ln′(dpa)3]3– and Δ-[Ln′(dpa)3]3– enantiomers. This effect arises from the ion pair interaction between the anionic complex [Ln′(dpa)3]3– and the intact cationic complex as well as between [Ln′(dpa)3]3– and L. The protonated macrocycle (H3LRRRRRR)3+ forms highly insoluble salts with [Ln′(dpa)3]3–. These supramolecular compounds are formed by the reaction of L, acids and [Ln′(dpa)3]3– anions. The same product can also be formed by the reaction of (M)-[LnLRRRRRR]3+ with three equivalents of dipicolinic acid. The model structure of (H3LRRRRRR)[Ln′(dpa)3] corresponds with a linear polymer with alternate cationic macrocycles and anionic [Ln′(dpa)3]3– complexes interacting through charge interactions and multiple hydrogen bonds.


Abstract : The long term goal is to develop a radar solution for the detection of marine mammals using ship-borne radar and demonstrate its performance. In particular, a solution using commercial surface search radars is desired as it provides a readily accessible technique for commercial shipping concerned about ship strike of marine mammals and/or detection for compliance with operating permits.


The study was carried out during the period February-April, 2018 at Kukobila Nasia Farms Limited, to evaluate performance of the centre pivot irrigation systems (pivot one and two) at six (6) different operating speed levels (43 m/h, 68 m/h, 85 m/h, 102 m/h, 136 m/h and 170 m/h) to ascertain the speed which gives best uniformity and efficiency of water application. The study revealed that CU obtained from centre pivot one and two ranged from 80.3-86.9 % and 75.6-84.4 % respectively. Similarly, DU computed from pivot one ranged from 60.2-68.5 % whereas pivot two had DU ranging from 65.3-73.2 %. DU increased as the speed of operation of centre pivot increased as general trend. The lower values recorded for pivot one at 170 m/h and 102 m/h operating speed levels and that of pivot two at 136 m/h operating speed were attributed to wind drift. The SC obtained from pivot one and two were above the lower acceptable limits and ranged from 1.46-1.66 and 1.37-1.53 respectively. Ea of pivot one ranged from 80.3-98 % except at 170 m/h operating speed which recorded Ea of 56 %. Similarly, pivot two had Ea ranging from 51-89 % with Ea from operating speeds of 102 m/h and 43 m/h meeting SABI norms. The values of PELQ were low and unacceptable as they ranged from 35-73 % and 38-61 % for pivot one and two respectively. The values of AELQ were also low as they ranged from 34-64 % for centre pivot one and 35-56 % for center pivot two. Wind distortions of sprinkling uniformity and standardisation of pivot operating speed to match with crop water requirement were www.ijcrt.org © 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 10 October 2021 | ISSN: 23202882 IJCRT2110215 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org b784 major constraints to attaining high application efficiency. Periodic inspection, cleaning and replacement of clogged and or worn-out nozzles and night irrigation during windy periods should be done.


A series of new aliphatic AB-type polyesters (PEs) and co-polyesters (co-PEs) with 1,2,3-triazole
rings in the backbone were successfully synthesized via Cu(I)-catalyzed click step-growth
polymerization (SGP) following the efficient one pot/two step synthetic strategy. The structure of the
click polymers was confirmed by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy and the new materials were
characterized in terms of yield, solubility, film-forming properties, molecular weights and molecular
weight distribution by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and degradation ability by total organic
carbon (TOC) technique. The obtained hydrolytically degradable AB-type polyesters and co-polyesters
with a rather high degree of polymerization, film-forming properties and solubility behaviour increase
a library of available degradable click polymers promising for wide range of biomedical applications
and also confirm the suitability of the present synthetic strategy for designing different types of triazole
main chain degradable click polymers.


The placer-gold production of the Yiikon-Tanana region up to 1907, inclusive, has been approximately $33,500,000, or nearly one-' third the total gold production of Alaska; of this amount over twothirds has been contributed by the Fairbanks district. The importance of this region has led to comprehensive work by the Geological Survey. The .mapping of the region, commenced in 1898 by the mapping of the Fortymile district, has been carried on continuously since 1903, until at the present time the greatest part of it has been mapped on a scale of 1: 250,000, or about 4 miles to the inch. Geologic \vork of a reconnaissance nature, commenced by Spurr, Goodrich, and Schrader in 1896,tt has also been carried on continuously since 1903, and a body of material has been collected that has not yet been thoroughly studied. The following statements, therefore, being based on a very superficial stud}' of the data, have only provisional value. A map (PL IV) has been pre[Dared to show the -distribution of known gold placers, of the main rock groups of sedimentary origin, of intrusive rocks so far as they have been approximately delimited, and of recent volcanics.


The focus of this article is on how different parties use its party newspapers as instruments of political communication, in the current political context, particularly in Portuguese press. As is to be expected, the newspapers reproduce the party's vision and help disseminate their leaders' political ideals and proposals. There are, however, significant differences in the history and format of each publication, in terms of the way the political message is put across and the scope of the subjects addressed. This article is based on a content analysis technique, through a categorical qualitative and quantitative systematization. The expected results are centered on the discussion about the communication strategies of ideologically different party newspapers which are visible in front pages. Moreover, this study is expected to contribute to the discussion about personalization in politics, focusing and considering in particular party newspapers. This is a subject that has been scarcely investigated in communication studies and in political science, despite the presence and ideological place of party newspapers in the past and at present. The aim of this article is to make a contribution toward demonstrating and boosting the interest of this important support to party life and politics.


We present a derivation of an approach for calculating electromagnetic fields in optical systems with spherical surfaces. The derivation provides complete expressions for parabasal fields associated with optical rays. The expressions link electromagnetic-field polarization and wave-front-curvature information to the results of skew raytrace calculations. The result is an efficient and rigorous method for computing the irradiance of diffuse stray light fields. The field expressions are written in a format suitable for direct computer lens-design applications.


Vehicle active suspension systems provide possibility to bring better ride comfort, handling stability and driving safety with proper control than passive suspension. This paper utilizes deep reinforcement learning method to develop active suspension systems due to its good generalization. The controller is based on a quarter-car active suspension model, and suspension dynamic characteristics are analyzed under the condition of bump disturbance. Simulation results show that the performance of active suspension tends to be stable after proper training. Compared with the passive suspension and the Skyhook-based suspension, the deep reinforcement learning-based active suspension can reduce the vehicle body acceleration more effectively and further improve the ride comfort without sacrificing the suspension deflection and dynamic tire load. Deep reinforcement learning-based active suspension can still maintain good performance after switching bump heights or vehicle speed which verifies good generalization of the controller.


With SBA-16 as a support,ZnO/SBA-16 were prepared by wet impregnation method,which were calcined at different temperatures.Then with ZnO/SBA-16 as the pre-support,the well-dispersed 10%CuO/6%ZnO/SBA-16 catalysts were prepared by deposition-precipitation method.XRD,TG-DTA,H2-TPR and the catalytic tests showed that the catalysts,which the pre-support ZnO/SBA-16 calcination at 300 ℃,400 ℃,and 500 ℃,had the higher dispersed CuO and better catalytic activity.


The recent energy crisis and environmental burden are becoming
increasingly urgent and drawing enormous attention to solar-energy utilization.
Direct solar thermal power generation technologies, such as, thermoelectric,
thermionic, magneto hydrodynamic, and alkali-metal thermoelectric methods, are
among the most attractive ways to provide electric energy from solar heat. Direct
solar thermal power generation has been an attractive electricity generation
technology using a concentrator to gather solar radiation on a heat collector
and then directly converting heat to electricity through a thermal electric
conversion element. Compared with the traditional indirect solar thermal power
technology utilizing a steam-turbine generator, the direct conversion
technology can realize the thermal to electricity conversion without the
conventional intermediate mechanical conversion process. The power system is,
thus, easy to extend, stable to operate, reliable, and silent, making the
method especially suitable for some small-scale distributed energy supply
areas. Also, at some occasions that have high requirements on system stability,
long service life, and noiselessness demand, such as military and deep-space
exploration areas, direct solar thermal power generation has very attractive
merit in practice. At present, the realistic conversion efficiency of direct
solar thermal power technology is still not very high, mainly due to material
restriction and inconvenient design. However, from the energy conversion
aspect, there is no conventional intermediate mechanical conversion process in
direct thermal power conversion, which therefore guarantees the enormous
potential of thermal power efficiency when compared with traditional indirect
solar thermal power technology [1].


Introduction The human cerebral cortex has an organized cyto-architecture of six distinct layers, which was the basis for the brain parcellation into neuro-anatomical regions (1). Cytoarchitectonical brain mapping is a powerful tool for localization of activated brain regions in functional neuroimaging and for neurosurgical navigation and brain mapping research. Recently novel histological approaches are developed to map the brain architecture quantitatively. Hence the ability to identify the cortical layers has a key role in brain segmentation; however, currently there is no in vivo imaging modality to visualize neuronal cell structures mainly due to resolution and contrast limitations. The identification of the brain cyto-architecture relays on histological procedures therefore suffers from its known limitations (work on post mortem tissue, artifacts of fixation, tissue disintegration and shrinkage). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the non-invasive, in-vivo imaging modality that provides the best anatomical details on the human brain. Previous studies of shown (2,3,4) that there is correlation between the architecture of the cortical layers and the longitudinal relaxation time, T1. Recently we have shown (5) that using our analysis framework (6) the cortex can be segmented into laminar sub-structures based on multi dimensional inversion recovery (IR) dataset both on human and rat brains. In this work, we further investigate the cortex segmentations among subjects and between different neuro-anatomical regions. Materials and methods MRI Experiments: Twelve subjects (aged 25-35) underwent MRI in a 3T scanner (GE). The protocol included 7 IR sequences with the following parameters: TR/TE=10000/8.4ms, matrix of 512x384 (reconstructed to 512x512) with final pixel size of 0.43x0.43 mm and varied slice thickness covering the entire hemisphere in the sagittal plane. The inversion time (TI) varied for each experiment at the following values: 230, 432, 575, 760, 920, 1080, 1380, 2100ms. In addition conventional T1-SPGR was collected at similar resolution. The total MRI protocol lasted for 45 minutes. Image Analysis: The multi dimensional-IR images were co-registered, and then were analyzed using a multi-spectral clustering framework (6) of the IR dataset. The T1 map of each subject was calculated using non-linear regression. Statistical analysis: We extracted the fraction volume of the MRI clusters within different Brodmann's areas (BA) along the frontal lobe (Brodmann's areas 6, 8, 9, 10, 46, 47) of each subject. We performed factorial ANOVA of 6 (BA) X 5 (MRI clusters) for each subject, and post hoc analysis was done to check for significant interaction between each pair of regions (ANOVA with Bonferroni corrected significance level). Results and Discussion Fig 1A shows the MRI clustering analysis (k=5) focused on the frontal lobe in a representative subject, and the intensity (mean and std) of each cluster from the IR images from different subjects (Fig 1B). Note the laminar appearance of each MRI cluster along the cortex; each cluster has a distinct relaxation curve.. Fig 2 summarizes the relative volume of each MRI cluster at different BAs along the frontal lobe. From the statistical analysis (see methods) we conclude that there is an interaction between BA regions and MRI clusters (p<0.001). Of all possible 15 pairs of regions, 11 were found to be statistically significant. To validate our methodology, we applied it on the visual cortex in attempt to identify the stripe of Gennari which delineate between striate (BA17 and the extra striate (BA18) cortices (Fig 3): (A) a representative slice at TI of 760ms with the border of the cortex outlined in red. (B-D) An inset of the occipital region; where the border between striate (BA17) and extra-striate (BA18) cortices are given at different TIs (230 (B), 575 (C) and 760 (D)). It appears that the striate cortex is characterized by a dark stripe in the middle of the cortex at TI of 230 ms (yellow arrow in B) which turn to be brighter at bigger TIs (yellow arrow in C). This characteristic is absent at the extra-striate cortex. The border between the two regions is best seen at TI of 760 and marked by the yellow arrows. (E) Shows a multi-spectral analysis of the IR data, where the different colors represent regions with distinct T1 profile (i.e. has distinct relaxation curve similar to Fig 1B). It should be noted that one cluster is apparent in the area of the striate cortex (the brown cluster) that is marginally apparent elsewhere. (F) Shows specific T1 histograms of the striate and extra-striate cortices. Note that there is a larger portion of pixels with low T1 in BA17 than in BA18. Figure 3B-D shows an inset of the visual cortex of multi-spectral IR images. (The stripe of Gennari is marked in yellow arrow). Fig 3E-F shows the MRI clusters of that region (k=6) and normalized T1 histogram of areas 17 and 18. Note the differences in the T1 histogram where BA17 has a bigger peak at lower T1 relative to BA18, which match a heavily myelinated region like the stripe of Gennari. Conclusion Inversion recovery provides a unique contrast that enables characterization of the laminar segmentation of the cortex. In this study we found that each of the MRI clusters has its own relaxation curve, and their composition at different BAs is statistically significant. Moreover we applied our methodology at the striate and extra striate cortices and managed to identify the stripe of Gennari and characterize its T1 histogram differences. References: (1).Brodmann K, Garey L. Brodmann's Localisation in the cerebral cortex. London River Edge, NJ: Imperial College Press. (2). Clark VP, Courchesne E, Grafe M (1992): Cereb Cortex 2: 417-424. (3). Eichoff S, Walters N, Schleicher A, Kril J, Egan G, Zilles K, Watson J, Amunts K (2005): Human Brain Mapping 24(3): 206-215. (4). Barbier EL, Marrett S, Danek A, Vortmeyer A, van Gelderen P, Duyn J, Bandettini P, Grafman J, Koretsky AP (2002): Magn Reson Med 48: 735-738. (5). Barazany D, Levy O, Assaf Y (2009): ISMRM annual meeting. (6). Yovel Y, Assaf Y (2007): Neuroimage 35(1):58-69. A Fig 1: MRI clustering pattern of the frontal lobe and their relaxation curve


The action of regional reproductive complex regularities is determined by a number of factors, presuppositions and conditions as well as by their combination. We have developed a classification of factors, presuppositions and conditions for the development of a regional reproductive complex. There have been singled out basic and superimposed blocks as well as strategic and system-developing presuppositions and factors.


This article is dedicated the researching of the development of the conception "financial control" in our country. Different points of view on the problem of the different term apparatus of the financial control sphere are dedicated in the issue. There is also the review of the last years scientific literature devoted the financial control problems.


Rights talks are normative inquiries. Fundamentally, it insists to find what is supposed to be claimed as right and what decides its claimability. Unarguably, whatever is essential for life is a right. Since water is one of the essentials of life, it indeed is a right. The aim of this paper, in this view, is, not to argue against or in favor of the idea of right to water but the aim is to highlight the existing logics that has endorsed that water is a right. In political discourse, such logics are remarkably different as they have elaborated the right in different contexts and have justified them for different purposes. Present paper in this respect is investigating and commenting on some major debates on the question of right to water, this includes debates advanced in neo-liberalism, neo-Marxism, Eco-feminism and Human Right discourse. The paper presents some observations on each debate and tries to find the problem lies in them. For this purpose the paper is divided into four parts, each of which is followed by some observations.


Space-time resolved X-ray photograms of carbon (4671? thick with substrate) and gold (15μm in thickness) planar targets were obtained using a pinhole coupled to a soft X-ray streak camera. The planar targets were irradiated with laser (λ = 1.06 μm) pulses of about 100 ps duration from a LF-12 Nd: glass laser. The spectral response of the soft X-ray camera is defined to be 0.1-10 keV. Average plasma expansion velocities on the C and Au traget surface measured at a laser power density of about 10 14 w/cm 2 for were 5.l×10 7 cm/s and 6.1×10 7 cm/s respectively.


This research presents the development of a methodology for analysing volatile organic compounds in selected zones of Asa River, Kwara State. The liquid-liquid extraction procedure of two organic solvent (Hexane : Dichloromethane) (1:1 v/v) was employed to remove volatile organic compounds from river and sediment samples, for further identification and quantification showed very good recovery and repeatability. The mean recovery percentage range was between 96.7±1.5 104.0±1.0 for river samples while 97.3±2.2 104.0±1.0 for sediment samples at a fortification level of 0.01 μg/l. In addition, volatile organic compounds were determined by Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. The limit of quantification was 0.05 μg/l which was below the maximum level allowed by the European council directives for volatile organic compounds (0.5 μg/l).


The potentially toxic diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia and particulate domoic acid (pDA) concentrations were investigated weekly to bi-weekly from October 2013 to September 2014 in the Golden Horn Estuary. Pseudo-nitzschia species were detected in 324 of the 666 samples (∼49%). Two species, Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha and Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, were identified based on the scanning electron microscopy examination. A bloom of P. calliantha occurred between May and June, average cell density, 1.1 × 106 cells L−1 in May. Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha was commoner than P. pungens almost throughout the study period. They occurred over a wide temperature range (7.4–26.3°C) and moderate salinity (5.9–19.9). The highest cell density occurred at 14.7–19.6°C and 18.5–19.0 salinity, in the lower and middle estuary in winter and late spring. Pseudo-nitzschia species were found in very low densities in the upper estuary, which has variable salinity and low light availability due to high concentrations of suspended material. The pDA concentration in seawater was 0.03–1.0 µg L−1. The distribution pattern of pDA coincided with the presence of Pseudo-nitzschia. Pseudo-nitzschia abundance was low in October, when pDA was highest. There was a highly positive correlation between Pseudo-nitzschia abundance and salinity/Secchi depth/pH (p ≤ .001), but a negative correlation with inorganic nutrients and Si:N (p < .001). pDA was positively correlated with temperature/salinity and Secchi depth, but negatively correlated with inorganic nutrients (p < .001). Low light availability and highly variable salinity may limit the growth of Pseudo-nitzschia in the upper estuary and the presence of pDA throughout the study area may be related to transport by particulate matter.


The influence of additives in 1M LiClO4-propylene carbonate on overcharge tolerance and cycle life of rechargeable lithium cells is examined. The additives we studied were ten organic aromatic compounds. Biphenyl (BP) is well-known as an overcharge protection additive. The purpose of this work was to find additives with higher oxidation potential and longer charge-discharge cycle life than BP. Summarizing the results, cyclohexylbenzene and hydrogenated diphenyleneoxide exhibited better performance than BP. INTRODUCTION Many commercial lithium ion cells are composed of lithium ion doped carbon anodes and LiCoO2 cathodes with organic electrolyte solutions. Our previous abuse test results [1], showed that the safety margin of these lithium ion cells was still too small for practical use and that they had two fundamental weaknesses; insufficient tolerance to overcharging and poor thermal stability. When the cells are overcharged, the lithium ions remaining in the lithium cobalt oxide cathode ( Li0.5CoO2 after standard charging) are removed and more lithium ions are supplied to the carbon anode [eqs.(1) and (2)]. After lithium has been removed from the cathode, the electrolyte starts to be oxidized. This electrochemical oxidation results in a distinct heat output. A severe case of cell overcharging occurs when a high rate overcharging current is applied, such as a 2 C rate. In this case, the cell may ignite or explode [1]. LiCoO2 + 0.5C6 -> Li0.5CoO2 + 0.5C6Li, standard full charging (1) Li0.5CoO2 + 0.5C6 Li -> CoO2 + 0.5Li + 0.5C6Li, overcharging (2) This report describes the influence of electrolyte additives on safety and charge-discharge cycling life. The additives are designed to improve the overcharging tolerance of 4V-class cells with carbon or lithium metal anodes. Biphenyl (BP) has been investigated as an example of such additives [2]. Oxidation potential (Eox) of BP (4.5 V vs. Li/Li+ ) is between the full cell charging voltage (4.2 V) for lithium ion cells and the voltage for complete lithium removal from lithium cobalt oxide cathodes (cell voltage: 4.8 V), which is lower than the Eox of the electrolyte solutions generally used for lithium ion cells [2]. This oxidation suppresses the chance of a hazardous event occurring in overcharging [2]. The additives we are looking for must have at least the two properties described below. First, the Eox must be between the final standard full charging voltage (4.2 V vs. C6Li, 4.3 V vs. Li/Li+) and that of the complete removal of lithium from LiCoO2 (4.4 V-4.8 V vs. Li/Li+). Second, the additives must not have a detrimental influence on the charge-discharge cycle life. We tested ten compounds as additives as shown in Table 1. We used 1M LiClO4-propylene carbonate (PC) as the electrolyte solution, the most widely-used electrolyte solution for lithium Key Engineering Materials Online: 2003-08-15 ISSN: 1662-9795, Vol. 248, pp 147-150 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.248.147 © 2003 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications Ltd, www.scientific.net. (Semanticscholar.org-13/03/20,20:30:08) cell research. We measured the cycling efficiencies of the lithium metal anodes rather than the carbon anodes. Because it is difficult to draw general conclusions about the influence of additives on the cycling performance of carbon anodes, because too many types of carbon are known [2]. Table 1. Number of aromatic rings of additives used in this study ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Base compounds Hydrogenated compounds NAH/NA* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------biphenyl cyclohexylbenzene 1/2 diphenyleneoxide hydrogenated diphenyleneoxide 2/2 o-terphenyl hydrogenated terphenyl 2/3 naphthalene tetrahydronaphthalene 1/2 benzylbenzonate coumarin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*NAH: number of hydrogenated aromatic rings of base compounds, *NA: number of aromatic rings of base compounds. EXPERIMENTAL The Eox values of the additives were measured by a potential linear sweep with a scan rate of 50 mV s-1 at 25 C, using a cylindrical cell with a Li sheet counter electrode, a Pt sheet working electrode (0.27 cm2) and a Li reference electrode. The Eox values were determined as the voltage at the intersection of the x-axis base line (voltages) and a tangent of the rapid rise in the current curve. Figure 1 shows an example of the measurements. The Eox of BP is determined as 4.54 V vs. Li/Li+. This value agrees with that measured for BP by using practical lithium ion cells [2]. Lithium charge-discharge cycling tests were carried out galvanostatically with the same cell as that used for the Eox measurements at 25 C. The charge-discharge cycling efficiency (Eff) was obtained from the ratio of the stripping charge (Qs)/plating charge (Qp) on the Pt electrode by using a 1.5 V potential vs. Li/Li+ cut-off as the stripping (discharging) end point . The charge-discharge current (Ips) was 1.5 mA and the plating (charging) duration was 1 min (Qp = 0.025 mAh). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Figure 2 shows the Eox and the maximum current (Imax) for 1M LiClO4-PC with additives (2 wt.%). The Imax value reflects the oxidation reaction rate. The measured Eox is 6.01 V for PC. As seen in the comparison of the Eox values for three pairs of the base compounds/hydrogenated compounds ,i.e., biphenyl/cyclohexylbenzene, naphthalene/tetrahydronaphthalene, and diphenyleneoxide/ hydrogenated diphenyleneoxide, the hydrogenation of the aromatic rings results in an increase in the Eox value. The difference between the Eox values of these two compounds (diphenyleneoxide and hydrogenated diphenyleneoxide) is 0.22 V, which is larger than those for the pairs of biphenyl/cyclohexylbenzene (0.18 V) and naphthalene/tetrahydronaphthalene (0.13 V) in which just one of two aromatic rings of the base compounds is hydrogenated. The reason for these results is as follows. The more aromatic rings a compound has, the more π−electrons it has, and conjugated π-electrons are more easily oxidized than the σ-electrons of the stronger C-H single bonds of hydrogenated compounds. Among the additives examined here, hydrogenated diphenyleneoxide, cyclohexylbenzene, benzylbenzonate and coumarin had higher Eox values than BP. Benzylbenzonate and coumarin have C=O bonds and tend to have higher Eox values. However, the Eox values (5.04 and 4.88 V) of these two compounds were too high and do not protect the LiCoO2 cells against overcharging hazards. Although we obtained higher Imax values for oterphenyl, hydrogenated terphenyl and naphthalene than that of BP, the Eox values of these 148 Electroceramics in Japan VI


Esterase isozyme variation of Camellia sasanqua, C.hiernalis, C.vernalis and C.japonica was examined to reveal interspecific relationships. A band, band 4, whose frequency distribution was a clue to estimate the formation processes of C.sasanqua and C.vernalis was detected. The band was observed with high frequency in C.hielnalis, but in none of the wild C.sasanqua strains. Amdng C.sasanqua cultivars, none of the cultivars with white flowers showed band 4, but many cultivars with reddish flowers and most reimported ones did. It appears that C.sasanqua cultivars carrying reddish or doubled ffowers were formed not only through the selection of wild strains but also through the introgression of C.hiemalis with reddish or doubled flowers. It also appears that some C.vernalis cultivars have been influenced by C.hiemalis. Therefore, we cannot draw distinct boundary lines among the above species. They have introgressed with one another as evidenced in the wide variety of horticultural collections.


Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of cardaveric renal transplantation. Methods From 1992 to April 2001,203 cardaveric renal transplantations were performed in 197 patients with endstage renal failure. Results The total patient/renal survival rates at 1,3,5 years were 94.2%/89.0%, 87.6%/ 78.8 %, 75.0%/66.7%,respectively; The patient/renal survival rates at 1,3,5 years of 118 cases with serious illness were 92.5%/87.7%, 83.1%/76.1%, 68.2%/54.5%,respectively . The serious complications were pneumonitis, heart failure and serious damage of liver function , which were the primary causes of death. The incidence of tumor after transplantation was 2.5%. Conclusion The patient/renal survival rates of cardaveric renal transplantaliom were more satisfactory.The main factors improving longterm patient/renal survival rates are using immunosuppressants reasonably, the prevention and immediate treatment of post-transplantation complications.


It now seems unlikely that there will ever be a definitive history of the Mothers" League of Central High School. Unless a previously unknown cache of documents emerges from within the ranks of the segregationist organization itself, conclusions about its personnel, activities, and ideas will forever be bound by the scattered and often hostile evidence that remains in the public domain, primarily in the columns of Little Rock's two major newspapers (the Arkansas Gazette and the Arkansas Democrat) and, to a lesser yet still vital extent, in a series of interviews given to FBI agents inquiring into the extent of gubernatorial interference with court- ordered integration.1 Indeed, very little has changed in the four decades since Neil McMillen prefaced his ground-breaking study of the citizens" council movement with the observation that "resistance groups have left few records of primary value to the historian. To date, there are available few manuscript materials, few financial records, no complete membership lists, and no minutes of closed meetings."2 Regrettably, no League members joined their male counterparts from the Capital Citizens" Council (CCC) among the subjects of Columbia University's otherwise splendid Dwight D. Eisenhower Administration Oral History Project. There are, of course, incidental references to the Mothers and their leadership in a number of participant accounts of the Little Rock crisis, but contemporaries who put their thoughts on paper were more likely to damn the group than to describe it.3 Unlike other prominent players in the crisis, the League's second president and easily most voluble and visible presence, Margaret Jackson, was profiled by the media only once, and then by a Canadian broadcaster apparently more interested in providing an impression of the woman than in recording what she said in her own words.4 Pointedly, Jackson herself remained impervious to inquiring academics probably no more inclined to empathize with her position than either the ladies of the Women's Emergency Committee to Open Our Schools (WEC) who thought of their opponents as "ignorant, uneducated white trash" or an anonymous gossip peddling "repetitive" rumors regarding Jackson's "moral standing in the community."5 With just ten Mothers ever named in the press and even fewer quoted between August 1957 and August 1959, it is just not possible to examine the lives and ideological enthusiasms of any of the foremost Mothers comprehensively.A relative scarcity of resources has not, of course, deterred historians from commenting on the involvement of the Mothers' League in the Little Rock school crisis. From my own early study through Phoebe Godfrey's work to incidental contributions from Elizabeth Jacoway, Karen Anderson, and others in the course of major overviews, researchers have concentrated their energies, however, on the League's establishment, activities, and influence during the first year of the school crisis, 1957-1958.6This article, by contrast, considers what historian Sondra Gordy has called the Lost Year of 1958-1959.7 Focusing on the referendum of September 1958 that closed Little Rock's four public high schools, the school board election of December 1958, the recall vote of May 1959, and events surrounding the reopening of the schools in August 1959, it suggests that, once the provocation of a real black presence in Central had faded with the end of the 1957-1958 school year and segregationist forces had asserted their ascendency in the wake of Gov. Orval Faubus's triumph in the July 1958 Democratic primary, the Mothers lost a solid measure of their unique clout. No longer able to balk at the prospect of seeing black pupils entering school with whites, seethe at the prospect of troops peering into the girls" changing rooms, or grizzle about the intolerable stress inflicted on their undeserving offspring, the Mothers increasingly concentrated their stand on the idea of being forced to integrate.8 Adding fresh emphasis to the states" rights populism that had always been part of its armory but not conceded star billing while it was able to make its case in the name of maternal concern for the well-being of children in a fraught situation, the League turned toward arguments based on objections to "federal dictatorship" and toward the more overtly political stance taken by the CCC. …


Multi-phase power transmission is an important method to increase the power density transmitted. The principle of a new four-phase transmission is proposed, and the general characteristics of four-phase overhead power transmission lines are discussed. Four-phase overhead transmission lines have special advantages in multi-phase transmission lines, because of the good symmetry and the simple structure of the lines and poles. Under the same condition of parameters, four-phase transmission lines can increase the transmission capacity by 33.3%, compared with three-phase lines. As the land width occupied by four-phase lines decreases, the capacity transmitted in unit land width by four-phase lines increases by 41.0-88.7%, and the economical and environmental benefits are much more notable. The reliability and transient stability of the transmission system may be improved, because two adjacent phase conductors of four-phase transmission lines can operate. Attention from the power industry is expected.


Analysis of computer networking is very important and necessary to help improve network performance. Many companies are designed their networks are not in accordance with its business goals, so the performance of the existing network of the company is not as they expected. Therefore required an analysis on existing computer network within the company, both in terms of performance as well as network design. Existing network designs are closely related to the performance of the network. In this study the parameters that exist in a computer networking such as delay, jitter, bandwidth, packet utilization, packet loss and throughput will be measured to determine the performance of the network and then these parameters are used as information to redesign the network to get better network performance and generate more structured network design according to the needs of the company. Keyword : network performance, Top-Down Network Desain, delay, jitter, bandwidth, paket loss, thoughput, network design.


It was well documented that part of the amino acids in the digesta could be absorbed in the form of small peptide, but which part (parts) of the GI tract absorb small peptide most activelly still need to be revealed. We have sequenced a 1 566 bp segment from the 3rd to the 10th domains of bovine peptide transporterⅠ(BPepTⅠ)in a previous study (Genebank accession No.: DQ309694), which has 96.04% similarity with the corresponding segment of sheep by homology analysis. A cross intron primer was designed based on the sequenced segment of BPepTⅠand the sequence of sheep peptide transporterⅠ in the present study. The relative expression level of BPepTⅠin the mucosa or epithelium of different parts of the GI tract of cattle was measured in vitro by RT-PCR techniques. Using housekeeping gene β-actin as the internal control and colon mucosa as the calibrator sample [the relative amount of gene expression (2-CT value) was set to 1], the results revealed that the relative expression levels (2-CT value) of BPepTⅠ differed (P0.05) in mucosa from different parts of the GI tract of cattle. The 2-CT values from the highest to the lowest was the lieac mucosa (30.62), jejunal mucosa (26.12), omasal epithelium (22.61), ruminal epithelium (16.17), duodenal mucosa (11.97), reticular epithelium (5.18), abomasal mucosa (3.22), cecal mucosa (1.13), and colonic mucosa (1.00). Results of Duncan's multiple range test indicated that the 2-CT value of ileum mucosa differed insignificantly with those of jejunal mucosa and omasal epithelium (P0.05), but differed significantly with the other 2-CT values (P0.05); the 2-CT value of jejunum mucosa differed insignificantly with those of omasal epithelium, rumen epithelium, and duodenum mucosa (P0.05), but differed significantly with those of reticular epithelium, abomasal mucosa, and colonic mucosa (P0.05). The 2-CT values of reticular epithelium, abomasal mucosa, cecal mucosa, and colonic mucosa were below 5.2, and the difference among them was insignificant (P0.05). We proposed that the relative expression levels of different parts of the GI tract of cattle could be grouped into three categories based on their 2-CT value measured, The highest group includes ileum, jejunum, and omasum; the medium group includes rumen and duodenum; and the lowest group includes reticulum, abomasum, cecum, and colon.


In the era of the development of knowledge economy, there is higher requirements being put forward on the development of the quality of a talent. Every country is facing the fierce international competition and the challenge of new technological revolution. International environment brings a huge opportunity for the development of higher education in our country, but on the other hand it also makes that our country's higher education is facing enormous pressure and challenges. China is in a transition period of market economy and knowledge economy, the developing pace of popularization of higher education is comparatively rapid. In the background of internationalization, networking and information technology, people continue to go towards diversified developing direction. The development of inclusive education and lifelong education and the development of learning society requires us to continue to study and research to solve the problems existing in and will be faced in the development of higher education in China.


Phase correlation is applied to the mosaicing of confocal scanning laser microscopy data. A large specimen (i.e., a murine heart) is cut into a number of individual sections with appropriate thickness. The sections are scanned horizontally and vertically to produce tiles of a 3D volume. Image processing based on phase correlation is used to rebuild the 3D volume and stitch the tiles together. Specifically, 2D registration of in-plane tiles and 3D alignment of optical slices within a given physical section are performed. The approach and performance are presented in this paper along with examples.


Initial applications of adaptive array theory to the radar sidelobe jamming problem ignored the problem of incidental cancellation of the desired signal returns. In more recent applications, longer transmitted waveforms have combined with returns from extended clutter and/or strong targets to create a more serious signal cancellation problem. There are several ways in which the adaptive processor can be constrained from responding to desired main lobe target returns while maintaining good cancellation of interference in the sidelobes. This paper examines the major techniques for constraining the response of the adaptive processor, including methods of controlling the response of the array in the absence of external interference. Time domain and frequency domain techniques are discussed. The majority of the discussion is devoted to angle domain techniques such as pilot signals, preadaption spacial filtering, and control loop spatial filtering. Analysis is presented showing the relationship between these techniques. Finally, examples are given showing the effects of these constraints as well as control of the quiescent array pattern.


This paper collects very important mechanical properties of laminate composites for industry of laminate structures. We found very important results for various stacking sequences of glass/epoxy laminate composites. On the other hand, we determined the properties of the materials during manufacturing process in the company, which produced mechanical parts in railway industry. Our results can help to designer how to optimally design mechanical parts of railway components.


In this paper, a robust high density 7T sub- threshold SRAM bitcell is proposed for ultra low voltage (200 mV) applications. Dual-ended write and single-ended read operation ensures high read static noise margin of SRAM bitcell without the expense of writability. Com- bined with partial dynamic threshold MOSFET technique, 7T SRAM exhibits both robust and density efficiency, mak- ing the design less vulnerable to process variation with less area penalty. Compared to the referenced 6T and 8T SRAM bitcell, the proposed bitcell has four aspects of im- provement: (1) 5.13% and 7.27% larger hold margin, (2) 80.60% and 51.92% of hold margin standard deviation, (3) 28.58% and 46.28% reduction of bitcell area, and (4) 16X and 8X number of bitcells per bitline (at 200 mV).


The spatial component of ecological interactions plays an important role in shaping ecological communities. A crucial ecological question is how does habitat disturbance and fragmentation affect species persistence and diversity? In this paper, we develop a deterministic metapopulation model that takes into account a time-dependent patchy environment, thus our model and analysis take into account environmental changes. We investigate the effects that spatial variations have on persistence and coexistence of two competing species. In particular, we study the local behaviour of the model, and we provide a rigorous proof for the global analysis of our model. Also, we compare the results of the deterministic model with simulations of a stochastic version of the model.


In Six Characters in Search of an Author (1921), Luigi Pirandello claimed that "he who has had the luck to be born a character can laugh even at death. He cannot die." Even when executed by the author, characters can remain concealed among the letters, until they are awakened again. Their death is merely staged and never a synonym for a farewell. They can be rescued from oblivion through the act of reading. However, they can also be re-animated by other media and forms of expression. They are living proof that books are not self-enclosed objects. Every time characters extrapolate barriers made of paper, they shed light on a long-lasting dialog among different forms of representation.
Characters are not afraid of ambiguity. They can follow a linear chain of events, but they can also walk over uneven ground or face bifurcated paths. The notion of text as a whole has been undermined by electronic and print literature through characters. The construction of a rhizomatic narrative, the transgression of the boundaries between narrative levels, as well as the alteration of the contract between author and reader happened before the post-modernist novel. As for electronic literature, it is possible to meet an extension of this process. Due to the computer's data-storage capacity and processing speed, as well as the division between interface and memory, it is possible to create dynamic characters that can autonomously alternate among positions and identities. In so doing, the text may show an emergent and unpredictable behaviour. This article aims to address the concept of closure through the summoning of several characters that have set sail on a print and digital adventure.


The effectiveness of the state-of-the-art face verifi-cation/recognition algorithms and the convenience of face recognition greatly boost the face-related biometric authentication applications. However, existing face verification architectures seldom integrate any liveness detection or keep such stage isolated from face verification as if it was irrelevant. This may potentially result in the system being exposed to spoof attacks between the two stages. This work introduces FaceLiveNet, a holistic end-to-end deep networks which can perform face verification and liveness detection simultaneously. An interactive scheme for facial expression recognition is proposed to perform liveness detection, providing better generalization capacity and higher security level. The proposed framework is low-cost as it relies on commodity hardware instead of costly sensors, and lightweight with much fewer parameters comparing to the other popular deep networks such as VGG16 and FaceNet. Experimental results on the benchmarks LFW, YTF, CK+, OuluCASIA, SFEW, FER2013 demonstrate that the proposed FaceLiveNet can achieve state-of-art performance or better for both face verification and facial expression recognition. We also introduce a new protocol to evaluate the global performance for face authentication with the fusion of face verification and interactive facial expression-based liveness detection.


Diamond has some of the most extreme physical properties of any materials. Recent advances in the chemical vapor deposition of diamond thin films have aroused great interest in researchers and industry. The article summarizes the properties, methods of production and application prospects of diamond thin films, briefly explaining the basic science and technology underlying the chemical vapor deposition of diamond thin films. The advantages and disadvantages the main kinds of deposition methods are mentioned. Important areas for further research and development of CVD diamond are presented. Microwave CVD (MWCVD) is one promising method for high growth rate, high quality, and large area diamond deposition. Developing methods to scale up the CVD processes and reduce production cost to the point at which it becomes economically viable to provide diamond for applications is the current emphasis of researchers and industry.


In urban economics, the residential location choice follows from comparison between housing price and transport cost towards town-center. The ALONSO-MUTH model rigorously describes the comparison terms and comes to the conclusion that ground values are decreasing with the center-distance. The analysis is based upon very strong hypothesis, in spite of all we inted confronting the « law of decreasing ground values » with the housing prices spatial distribution (for sale and hiring) in Monaco city. In spite of Monaco?s territory exiguity, the most important difficulty came from the real location of town-center. To reduce the center of the town to its historical core (we can easily detect) is not satisfying and we show that the « law » does not apply to this case. A more detailed analysis of the urban activities location leads to emphasize the more or less central character of the various urban districts. A hierarchy of centrality is constructed and a new measure of center-distance is defined (variation of centrality from the hierarchy top). When we substitute this one to the physical distance, housing prices are diminishing with centrality degree associated with the residence location. Classification JEL : R11, R110.


A cold geyser appears to be a contradiction in terms. But a combination of carbon dioxide, effervescing groundwater and a fortuitous oil exploration well can create a very spectacular water fountain.


Composition of a single phase solution comprising by weight: 5% to 40% of L-ascorbic acid, 0.2% to 5.0% of a cinnamic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of p- coumaric, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, sinapinic acid, a derivative thereof and a combination thereof; from 10% to 60% of a solvent comprising a glycol ether and an alkanediol; and water; the composition having a pH not greater than about 3.5, and wherein the cinnamic acid derivative is present in an amount greater than 0.5%, the composition further comprising a surfactant in an amount of 1.5% to 5 , 0%.


Introduction The resulting properties of semi-crystalline polymer products strongly depend on both molecular properties and the processing conditions applied, i.e. the thermal-mechanical history experienced (see for example Fig. 1). To control the properties, processes (e.g. in injection moulding, film blowing or fiber spinning) have to be modeled in terms of nucleation and crystallization kinetics and their dependence on flowinduced structure formation. The goal of this work is to provide experimental data to develop and to check constitutive equations.


Ligation of c-kit by membrane-bound stem cell factor (mSCF) leads to DC IL-6 production and a Th17 immune response, which also requires heterodimeric IL-23. However, the mechanisms regulating IL-23 production in DCs are not fully understood. We found that IL-23p19 gene expression in lung DCs is dependent on mSCF, which itself is regulated by metalloproteinase activity. Th1-inducing conditions enhanced protease activity causing cleavage of mSCF whereas the opposite was true for Th17-promoting conditions. In metalloproteinase-deficient mice, Th1-inducing conditions maintained mSCF expression thereby enhancing IL-23p19 in DCs. The functional consequence of this was enhanced IL-17 production in T cell/DC co-cultures in vitro, and increased numbers of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells in the lung. Conversely, mSCF cleavage from bone marrow DCs in vitro by recombinant metalloproteinase led to reduced IL-23p19 expression under Th17-inducing conditions with dampening of intracellular AKT phosphorylation, a key component of the c-kit signaling pathway. Collectively, these results show that IL-23 production in DCs can be regulated by metalloproteinase activity on the c-kit/mSCF axis to control IL-17 production in the lung.


1. Gastric acid responses to the test meals were measured in the Heidenhain pouch, gastric and pancreatic fistula dogs, using the intragastric titration method, and monitoring the rate at which a solution of 1‐0 N‐NaOH had to be added to maintain the pH of the gastric content constant at pre‐selected values ranging from 5‐0 to 1‐0. In this way the pH profile of the gastric acid and pepsin responses to a liver extract meal kept in the Heidenhain pouch or gastric fistula as well as to exogenous stimuli such as histamine, pentagastrin or Urecholine could be determined. 2. A liver extract meal adjusted to pH 5‐0 produced a potent and pressure‐related stimulation of acid secretion from the Heidenhain pouch without any change in secretion from the main stomach and pancreas or in the serum concentration of immuno‐assayable gastrin. 3. Graded decrease of the liver extract meal pH to below 5‐0 resulted in the pH‐dependent inhibition of gastric acid output, which at pH 1‐0 was only about 30% of the value attained at pH 5‐0. Acid secretion from the Heidenhain pouch induced by exogenous stimuli such as histamine, pentagastrin or Urecholine also showed gradual decrease when the pH of the pouch content was decreased in sequential order from 5‐0 to 1‐0. This pH‐dependent inhibition was accompanied by an increase in pepsin secretion. 4. The pH‐dependent inhibition of the Heidenhain pouch response to the liver extract meal was not altered by topical application of a local anaesthetic and atropine or by the intravenous infusion of large doses of atropine, secretin or metiamide, which were shown to cause a marked inhibition of the main stomach response to the liver meal. 5. The results indicate that there is a local and gastrin‐independent inhibition mechanism of gastric acid secretion activated by an acidified meal making contact with the oxyntic gland area.


Many computational decision problems, particularly in computational geometry, can be reduced to questions of the following form: For some xed multivariate polynomial , give n a s e t o f n real numbers, is any subset in the zero-set of ? Examples include element uniqueness (= x-y) and 3sum (= x+y+z). Higher dimensional examples include the aane and spherical degeneracy problems considered in Chapters 2 and 4, and Hopcroft's point-line incidence problem, which w e will consider in Chapter 6. In this chapter, we d e v elop general techniques for proving lower bounds on the complexity of deciding problems of this type. In particular, we examine linear satissability problems, i n w h i c h the polynomial is linear. Any r-variable linear satissability problem can be decided in O(n (r+1)=2) time when r is odd, or O(n r=2 log n) time when r is even. These are the best known upper boundss the algorithms that achieve them were described in Section 2.1.3 (with r = d + 1). We consider these problems under two models of computation, both restrictions of the linear decision tree model. In the direct query model, each decision is based on the sign of an assignment t o by r of the input variables. In the r-linear decision tree model, each decision is based on the sign of an arbitrary aane combination of at most r input variables. We s h o w that in these models, any algorithm that solves any r-variable linear satissability problem must perform (n dr=2e) direct queries in the worst case. This matches known upper bounds when r is odd, and is within a logarithmic factor when r is even. Moreover, results of Fredman 80] establish the existence of nonuniform algorithms whose running times match our lower bounds exactly. The adversary arguments we use to establish lower bounds for these require two


Limited available methods for the generation of an elemental image array (EIA) may be the most severe bottleneck for the promotion and application of integral imaging. To obtain rich information of three dimensional (3D) real scene at a relatively low cost, and solve the pseudoscopic problem in real display mode, we propose an EIA generation method based on convergent camera array through establishing the optical mapping model between the proposed method and the classical computer virtual generation method. We expound the basic principle of solving the pseudoscopic problem by changing the relative position of object and center of the convergent camera array in this paper. The experimental results indicate that the generated EIA can be displayed without the pseudoscopic problem in real display mode, relative position relationships of the objects in 3D real scene can also be accurately restored. Both preliminary optical experiments and the optical analysis are conducted to prove the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.


BACK GROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Snake bite is a major public health problem through out
the word especially in tropical countries like India. The objective of the study is to analyse the factors, which determine the prognosis of patients, admitted with
snake bite envenomation. These prognostic factors include
1. Time since snake bite and admission to Government Chengalpattu Medical college & Hospital, Chengalpattu.
2. Whether patient received native treatments before
admission.
3. Co morbid illness.
4. Site of bite.
METHOD:
181 adult patients admitted with signs of snake bite
envenomation were included in this study and a detail history of bite including time of bite, site of bite, type of snake, patients manifestation and history of
native treatment received before admission was taken .A detailed history of co morbid illness was obtained from all patients. A detailed clinical examination was done and each patient was subjected to investigations like complete blood
count, BT, CT, PT, blood urea, serum creatinine, electrolytes and ECG. All investigations were repeated to evaluate the progress.
RESULTS:
Total cases studied are 181, in which 64% are males and
36% are females. Highest incidence of snake bite was seen in 1. Age group of 30-40 yrs(26.8%).
2. Purely agriculture workers (46.41%). There was more
incidence of bite on lower extremity (50.83%). Complications are low in patients presenting within 6 hours of bite. Out of 181 cases of snake bite 35.38% were neurotoxic, 25.42% were haemotoxic and Local reactions like cellulitis, edema comprises 22.65% and of these 9 patients expired.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION:
1. A significant association was noted between prolonged bite to needle time and mortality with 7 out of 9 patients (78%) who presented more than 6 hours after bite were dead.
2. There was no relation between site of bite and severity of envenomation.
3. On analysing co morbid illness versus death wise distribution of study population, we found that among 15 diabetic patients 93% were alive and 7% were dead. Among 17 hypertensive patients only 6% died. Similarly on analysing all the co morbid illness with outcome we found that co morbid illness is not a strong determinant in determining the mortality.
4. Native treatment especially tourniquet application is a strong determinant of outcome with 100% prevalence in dead and 85.28% in patients who had undergone surgeries and 27.28 % in alive patients without surgeries.


The some physochemical and chemical properties of the clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) essential oil were determined. The main constituents in the clary sage essential oil (above 2%) were: linalyl acetate (34.62%), β-linalool (17.67%), α-muurolene (8.27%), β-caryophyllene (5.60%), α-ylangene (5.18%), α-terpineol (4.84%), n-docosane (3.00%), and neryl acetate (2.34%).The thermodynamic and thermal properties of essential oil and its main components were investigated.


A 15× double-group linkage zoom lens was presented based on the 640×512 cooled FPA. Having two alternate components linked and moved together, double-group zoom structure has smoother cam curve, so the displacement of all components are smaller and the total length is shorter. The focal length rang is 30~450mm and wavelength is 3.7~4.8μm, F number is 4. This lens was placed at cold shield and 100% cold shield efficiency had reached. Moreover, detailed design and image quality were given by CODE V® optical software. After analysis, MTF approaches diffraction limit. The results show that this optical system has large zoom ratio, and excellent image quality.


Frequent complaints about the gap between the number, quality and ability of graduates with the criteria needed by the world of work appear in the field and the still low Index of Technology Development, Information and Communication in Indonesia are two national problems that must be addressed carefully. In this regard, the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework (KKNI) policy is a solution that has been established by the government to improve the quality of Indonesia's human resources. In order to support the efforts to manifest Indonesian people who are superior and have global competitiveness, the researchers want to analyze the implementation of KKNI-based learning in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 in the Mathematics Education Study Program of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar University (UHKBP-NP). It is hoped that this research can become a reference material for the government in reviewing and evaluating the effectiveness of the KKNI program so that different policies can be formulated according to the reality on the ground. This research problem will be revealed with a qualitative method approach because the things to be revealed are phenomenological. To collect all the required research data and information, the researcher will use three techniques, namely interviews; observation; and documentation. The data that has been collected will then be analyzed using focused observation techniques and interactive analysis techniques.


To scientifically use the coal mine subsidence area for surface buildings and to ensure the safe and normal use of new construction structures, this work systematically examines the foundation stability evaluation method, foundation treatment technology, and deformation resistance technological measures of new constructions in goafs by combining theoretical studies and field practices. Determining the minimum mining depth larger than the sum of height of fracture zone and the influence depth of building load when constructing surface buildings over goafs is suggested. The height of new constructions must be determined with considerations to the surface's residual subsidence deformation, especially its inclination deformation. Moreover, the grouting treatment of goafs must be considered when the mining depth is too low or the geological mining conditions are too complicated to meet construction requirements. Deformation resistance technological measures of construction include the plane layout of stress to pursue simple and regular shapes, as well as regular and uniform vertical shapes; furthermore, it involves using sand or sand-gravel cushion if bearing capacity is allowable, setting a horizontally sliding layer when the building height is smaller than 60 m utilizing strip foundation, slab foundation, beam plate or box foundation, and increasing plan view size and strength of foundation of high-rise buildings appropriately, increasing building strength, among others. These technologies have been applied extensively in resource cities such as Pingdingshan, Tangshan, Jincheng, and Jiaozuo, achieving remarkable economic and social benefits.


Renal artery stenosis as a complication from radiation therapy is not common, but it is life threatening and needs to be corrected urgently in order to prevent renal failure even losing kidney. The diagnostic criteria of renal artery stenosis in the adults by color duplex ultrasonography have been established, which may play an important role in screening radiation induced renal artery stenosis.


Local search methods are widely used for solving nonlinear optimization problems. Most of the implementations of these algorithms exploit the knowledge of more information than simply the values of the objective function in some points, i.e., they need calculations for the gradient or even higher derivatives, and demand sometimes sophisticated programming work. A very simple idea to make local search easier is to sample a starting point in the domain of the objective function ‐ as many other local methods do ‐ and try to step further in a coordinate direction where the function decreases. In contrast to other algorithms this idea does not need any derivatives and is very easy to implement. The basic performance is similar to that of the simplex method for linear search: finite possibilities of steps are considered and the best one is chosen. The principle of coordinatewise search itself is not new, it is nearly half a century old [1]. The basic idea is more general and is known as pattern search. Coordinatewise search can be considered as a special case of this wide family of methods, however, a very robust one which converges for most of the dierentiable functions [2]. In the present work a small overview of pattern search methods is given. It is shown under what circumstances this special case, i.e., the coordinatewise direct search algorithm converges and some numerical tests are presented to demonstrate the behavior of this method and its superiority to the well-known gradient method on standard test functions.


The strength of the external wall of the Colosseum under out warding horizontal forces is evaluated by means of non-linear pushover analyses. Many different loading directions are considered in order to define the worst load condition for the monument.
The analysis takes into account the properties of the different materials of the structure: the travertine masonry blocks and the roman concrete. The failure domains of the materials are evaluated and the cracking spreading on the wall at increasing forces is defined by means of an iterative procedure which modifies the membrane stiffness of the finite elements according to the actual state of stress.
The application of horizontal loads parallel to the minor axes of the elliptic plan of the monument for a peak acceleration of 0.13 shown that the vertical cracks extend up to the extrados of the circumferential arches of the third order a vertical portion of the external wall can overturn outwards. The peak normal acceleration which gives the overturning of a strip delimited by vertical cracks is about equal to 0.14g. Therefore this value can be considered the ultimate horizontal peak acceleration of the monument in the actual configuration.
The comparison with the result obtained in Coccia and Ianniruberto (2004) show the great reduction of the lateral strength respect to the original configuration. This reduction is mainly due to the lack of the third and fourth order ambulatory vaults that increases the height of the unrestrained part of the external wall and its vulnerability to horizontal forces.


A large outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 at a farm in Surrey has resulted in 12 children needing hospital treatment. Three of them remain seriously ill.

The Health Protection Agency said that 36 cases of E coli O157 have been linked to Godstone farm, near Redhill in Surrey. The farm, which lets children pet and feed animals, receives up to 2000 visitors a day during school holidays.

Hugh Pennington, emeritus professor of microbiology at Aberdeen University, said: "This is a very large outbreak for an open farm; usually there are only one or two cases. It is a puzzle why there have been so many cases."

Questions are being asked as to why the farm …


Abstract : An extended Kalman filter was developed to automate the real-time projection of ice-affected streamflow, based on routine measurements of stage and air temperature and the relation between stage and flow during open-water conditions. The form accommodates three dynamic modes of ice effects: sudden formation-ablation, stable ice conditions, and final elimination. The filter was applied to historical data from two long-term stream-flow-gaging stations. They were stable and parameters converged for both stations, producing estimates that were highly correlated with and linearly related to published streamflow values in a log-transformed metric. At St. John River at Dickey, Maine, logarithms of projected streamflow values were within 8% of the logarithms of published values 87.2% of the time and within 15% of published values 96.6% of the time during periods of ice effects. At Platte River at North Bend, Nebraska, logarithms of projected streamflow values were within 8% of the logarithms of published daily values 90.7% of the time and within 15%, 97.7% of the time during ice-affected conditions. This extended Kalman filter allows estimation of ice-affected streamflow at other gaging stations by adjusting filter parameters to site-specific conditions.


Given the current widespread popularity of social media, such as Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and many other applications, understanding users' attitudes and usage behavior of social media applications becomes a necessity in order to develop future placements of such technologies and increase the level of trust among the users. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to shed light on the impact of trustworthiness of social media on the intention to use it. Data is gathered through a quantitative method, in which a questionnaire is used as a primary data. A convenient sampling is applied, in which the most easily accessible managers and employees in Ministry of Interior in Bahrain are chosen. The results demonstrate that there is a significant positive relationship between trustworthiness and intention to use social media. The study recommends future works to study the impact of security awareness on the usage of social media in public sector in Bahrain.


The title compound, [Mn(C12H8N2)(H2O)4](NO3)2, was obtained from the reaction of benzoic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline and manganese nitrate tetrahydrate. The Mn atom is coordinated in a distorted octahedral arrangement by four water molecules and two N atoms from the phenanthroline ligand.


Rhinologists are frequently confronted today with the question of the value of roentgen therapy for sinusitis. Are they sufficiently informed of the effects and end results of this type of therapy to give an intelligent answer? A review of the literature indicates that little has been written on this subject by rhinologists, either in America or abroad. With few exceptions it is discussed by radiologists alone. While this may seem logical, it is, on the contrary, impracticable. One cannot omit the rhinologic phase if the end result is to be properly evaluated. Thost 1 first called attention to this form of therapy, in 1913. However, little interest was shown in the United States until 1923, when Osmond 2 reported a series of cases in which treatment was favorable. Heidenhain and Fried 3 followed this report in 1924. Beginning at this time many indifferent and conflicting reports appeared in foreign literature, but it was


We present and implement a distance-based clustering of amino acids within the framework of a statistically derived interaction matrix and show that the resulting groups faithfully reproduce, for well-designed sequences, thermodynamic stability in and kinetic accessibility to the native state. A simple interpretation of the groups is obtained by eigenanalysis of the interaction matrix.


Abstract: Our project consists of designing and analysing a model rocket with the payload of 10 Kilogram capable of reaching 30kms apogee. It makes a lucid way for students to gain a better experience with the model rocket. In this project "Dhruva M 33" is taken as a fundamental rocket design, and all the factors affecting the model are analysed after designing the rocket which helps students to get a relevant idea about payload model rocket. All the different stages are also mentioned in the project which are primary requirement for the Model rocket. And with the help of stimulation entire process is explained properly. As a result, maximum apogee reached was 33.116 km and ground hit velocity was 49.3 m/s