Water shortage directly constrains plant growth and survival, and indirectly influences plant responses to soil mineral nutrients, especially low-mobility nutrients such as phosphorus (P). We examined the effects of soil water content on the responses of agronomic and root morphological and physiological traits of maize (Zea mays L. cv. NE15) to P supply. Seven P supply levels (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 300 mg P kg–1 soil) and two water regimes (well watered, WW; water stress, WS) were employed. Shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and root length were enhanced with the increase of P supply rates, while the root : shoot ratio, specific root length, and transcription levels of four inorganic phosphate (Pi) transporter genes (Pht1;1–4) declined with the increase of P supply rates. Under WS conditions, root dry weight and root length decreased by 4–38% and 6–32%, respectively, compared to the WW treatment, whereas the root : shoot ratio and specific root length increased by 7–33% and 8–28%, respectively. Pi transporter gene transcription was up-regulated and that of the arbuscular-mycorrhizal-induced transporter (Pht1;6) gene was both upand down-regulated in response to the WS treatment. Comprehensive analysis revealed that interaction between maize root morphological and physiological traits was stimulated as a strategy for efficient P acquisition under WS conditions. This study is the first to use both morphological and physiological traits to describe the impacts of soil water conditions on maize responses to P fertilization. Our results provide valuable information for optimization of P management under different soil water conditions.


Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has evoked both fascination and controversy since its first modern description 50 years ago.1 Originally described as "functional aortic subvalvar stenosis" by Brock, the majority of articles about HCM in the ensuing first decade emanated from observations made in the operating room or in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.1 The actual cause of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in patients with this condition had not yet been clarified. Ironically, the mechanisms of LVOT obstruction in HCM were only elucidated several years after surgery was first performed in these patients. In fact, an early report by Morrow described the septal myotomy procedure as surgical treatment for HCM and proposed that the myotomy interfered with the sphincter-like muscular contraction ring in the LVOT.1


The purpose of this paper is to find out the level of use and implementation of Information Communication Technology in College Libraries. The study is based on some of the selected College of Karnataka that has used DELPLUS, Easylib, EERPMS, e- Granthalaya, ICMS, Libsoft, Libsys, NTLIB, SOUL, TCS for Library automation. The study also shows how the user is connected through ICT. This Paper discusses changing dynamics of user community approach to information seeking, and their dynamic behavior to information needs and search, which invariably point towards emerging technologies like social media tools and other open source software to make library services responsive. This paper also shows that college library are providing Web-OPAC or Mobile OPAC for data sharing and whether they have used union catalogue system for data entry or not and that what kinds of problems librarian faces while utilizing the Library management software i.e. Koha & SOUL.


The sign — however we construe its internal structure — is always subject to two contradictory forces whose reconciliation and consonance are necessary for its functioning and existence. In order to reconcile those forces the sign requires no external intervention from the user or recipient, or from any actual mind: the balanced tension between them ensues from semiosis itself. Those two forces unceasingly operating within the sign are continuity and teleology. For the sake of the philosophical topography of the sign, we should note that either the one or the other of those forces has always been — with various degree of emphasis — exposed in contemporary postSaussurean Theory, i.e., since the birth of modern semiotic consciousness. Running a certain risk of an overgeneralization, one might suggest a hypothesis that teleology constitutes the driving force of the broadly understood structuralist thought, while poststructuralism is governed by the principle of continuity. In structuralism, the signification of any entity is determined and conditioned by the final causality of the governing and totalizing whole (hence perhaps occasional attempts at a theoretical amalgamation with Marxism). The paradigm involves metaphors of coherence, unity, structure, system, interdependence of function and meaning. In poststructuralist theory, on the other hand — and I am using the post in the logical rather than temporal sense, even though in most cases the logical and the temporal coincide — signification takes on the form of the flux or play, which is reflected in the metaphorics dominated by motifs of instability, 'fluidity', dissemination, infinity, etc. One could, therefore, extend the generalization and say that — from the perspective of the sign — the chronological transition from structuralism to poststructuralism is marked, among other things, by the transposition of emphasis from teleology in the sign to its continuity. That change from teleology to continuity, it must be emphasized, is not a change within the sign: it is rather the change of paradigms imposing their own grids of emphasis. Beyond those paradigms, as we have already


The main purpose of the article is to analyze the characteristics of network advantage gained by communes, including the dynamic perspective of achieving another levels of network cooperation maturity. Network advantage constitutes the main benefit from network cooperation for a knot and it can be perceived as a determinant of an organization's collaborative advantage. Thus, at the beginning the author identified key benefits typical for network cooperation, both at the network level and the knot level. As the scrutiny included a dynamic perspective, also the level of network co-operation maturity were identified. This theoretical background allowed carrying research in a form of a case study. It showed sorts of network advantage gained by the commune, as the network cooperation maturity increased. The results led to conclusions concerning the range and characteristics of achieved benefits, which allows thorough understanding of the phenomenon and more effective creation of a commune's collaborative advantage.


The article explains the building process of the Theory of Relativity based on Galileo's transformation,the Principle of Relativity of Mechanics,the Theory of Electromagnetism by James Clerk Maxwell,and Michelson MorLey experiment.It analyzes that the innovative thinking plays an important role in the establishment of Theory of Relativity and enlightens us that how to cultivate the innovative talents in the teaching at university.


year old female presented with complains of abdominal pain and slowly progressing weakness of bilateral upper limbs along with respiratory muscular weakness leading to CO2 retention and intubation. On evaluation, patient was found to have 25% ejection fraction which was unexplained even after full evaluation. Repetitive nerve stimulation-Nerve conduction velocity-Electromyography test showed neuromuscular disorder. Patient was given pyridostigmine along with steroid pulse for myasthenia gravis which resulted in dramatic improvement of ejection fraction to normal within 4 days.


An extended interaction klystron, which is composed of an input cavity and an output cavity both based on 8 periods of staggered double rectangular waveguide structure (SDRWS) and an intermediate cavity based on 6 periods of SDRWS, is calculated in details on computer. After calculating S11of the input cavity and an output cavity and the eigenmodes of the intermediate cavity, the structural parameters of the input cavity and an output cavity and the intermediate cavity are determined, then PIC simulation is done to predict the ElK's performance, the results show that the EIK has an 1 GHz-wide of 3 dB band which cover 219.5-220.5GHz, a 456 W of maximum power and a 40.06 dB of maximum gain. Furthermore, stagger tuning by adjusting the structural parameter $a$ of the intermediate cavity is performed to analyse how $a$ affects the ElK's performances, and the results show that the 3 dB band of the EIK mainly depends on the passband of the input cavity and an output cavity, but also depends on the resonant frequency of the intermediate cavity in some cases. When the resonant frequency of the intermediate cavity is located at the lower or higher ends of the passband of the input cavity and an output cavity, the 3 dB band of the EIK may be extended to certain extent. Particularly, when the resonant frequency of the intermediate cavity is located at or beyond the higher ends of the passband of the input cavity and an output cavity, it is verified that the EIK has steady output signal featuring with pure spectrum and has flat gains over the 3 dB band. The final results of the stagger tuning show that, when the structural parameter $a$ of the intermediate cavity is 0.747 mm, the EIK reaches almost the optimum performances, with an 1 GHz-wide of 3 dB band which cover 219.5-220.7GHz, a 630 W of maximum power companied with a 11.3% of efficiency, and a 47 dB of maximum gain.


This article describes a Group Discussion ocurred on the I National Congress of the Brazilian Aviation Psychology Association (ABRAPAV), in 2016. Among 158 participants on the event, 146 took part of this Group Discussion: 75 psychologists; 6 Psychology students; 25 other aviation profissionals; 40 professionals with unidentified formation. They chose one of the following subgroups to discuss about Aviation Psychology activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions: Regular Aviation; Nonregular/General Aviation; Military Aviation; Regulator Authority/Aeronautical Industry; Clinics/Hospitals; Airclubs/ Aviation Schools/ Universities/Training Centers; Air Navigation/Airports. After the discussion, each subgroup representative presented the results of the main activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions, respectively, as examples: Aeronautical Accidents Prevention; Managers Recognition, Support and Confidence; Reactive Organizational Cultures, Changes Resistence and Inflexible Manager; Professional Specialization and Specific Standard for Aviation Psychology. This enabled ABRAPAV to map relevant demands in this area and plan strategies for psychologists to minimize constraints and support improvements in their organizations.


Shelters for the displaced can suffer from socio-cultural incompatibility and significant levels of occupant dissatisfaction. Participatory Design (PD) is known to help reduce such issues. This is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of different PD methods at engaging and capturing users' needs for shelter design in refugee camps. It also aimed to identify which visualisation tools are best at: engaging participants; communicating designs (e.g. concept, size and materials); and facilitating proposing modifications. This is a particularly large study with 16 workshops and 161 participants. Two PD methods were deployed: (i) Design-your-own (where refugees proposed their ideal shelter); (ii) Adapt-a-design (where refugees evaluated and modified pre-existing shelter designs). The shelters in (ii) were presented using three visualisation tools: computer models, physical prototypes and virtual reality.

This dataset includes demographic information of the participants of the workshops, and the participant evaluations of the three visualisation tools tested in the Adapt-a-design workshops.


This chapter supporting early contractor involvement in pipeline projects is from the proceedings of an international conference on the terrain and geohazard challenges facing onshore oil and gas pipelines (June 2004, London, United Kingdom). The authors develop the arguments for the early involvement of contractors, working with operators and consultants, in the process of route selection and with the development of Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA). They focus on how the early identification of hazardous or environmentally sensitive terrain and geology can lead to the development of the most appropriate and cost-effective route selection. Topics include the role of the contractor, the typical phases of a pipeline project, project screening, terrain classification, geohazard identification, initial route planning, detailed routing and design, the use of an integrated team approach, and construction methods. The chapter includes case studies of projects in Scotland and at the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline, where effective mitigation measures, identified during the ESIA process, have been implemented.


The invention relates to a valve device with a displaceably arranged valve body in a valve housing. In the valve body having a first connection point and an associated connecting line is formed. In the valve body a selection valve means is provided with a via a first pressure connection of the valve housing and can be weighed via a second pressure connection of the valve housing supplied to the second pressure. It is separated by the valve body, the first pressure connector in a first position of the valve body in the valve housing from the second pressure connection of the valve housing and in a second position of the valve body associated with this flow through.


Ferromagnetic moment, a magnetic critical exponent β and Curie temperature (TC) of γ-Fe/Cu multilayer (0.8 to 7.2 ML Fe thickness) prepared by the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method have been investigated. The crystal structure of γ-Fe layer is distorted tetragonally (c/a>1) for the Fe thickness less than 4.5 monolayer (ML) and cubic for thicker films. Magnetization (M) of γ-Fe is increased with decreasing Fe layer thickness because of the increase of the ratio of high spin state γ-Fe atoms to total Fe atoms at interfaces. A critical exponent in a relationship M/MS = (1-T/TC) β, is estimated to be 0.30±0.02. TC is decreased with decreasing Fe layer thickness. The behavior is explained by taking into account of the number of nearest neighbor Fe atoms around an Fe atom.


Background/Aims: Ensuring verum and placebo cannot be visually distinguished from each other is a critical aspect of blinded controlled clinical trials. Our objective was to propose a rational approach to the visual evaluation of placebo matching candidates. Methods: Verum and placebo samples were prepared in clear clinical ancillary supplies (intravenous bags, syringes and administration lines) covered at different levels using opaque sleeves. Triangle and tetrad tests, two sensory discriminative testing methods widely used in the food industry, were applied to assess visual differences between verum and placebo. Results: Triangle and tetrad test results allowed defining the level of opaque coverage required to ensure blinding for three biological drug molecules of therapeutic interest. While the limited number of panelists did not allow a statistically sound comparison of triangle and tetrad test methodologies, tetrad test has a theoretical higher power than triangle test, meaning fewer panelists are needed to reach the same statistical conclusion. Conclusion: Tetrad test offers a rational approach to define a blinding strategy for ancillary supplies used in a controlled clinical trial.


Background knowledge of natural history of pre-university and first year university Life Science students at various tertiary institutions in KwaZulu-Natal was assessed using a marine theme questionnaire at the beginning of the first semester of 1997. These students included: Science Foundation Programme (SFP, pre-university), first year Biology and Zoology students at the University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg (UNP), and first year Biology students at the University of Natal, Durban (UND) and the University of Durban-Westville (UDW). Results of this pre-test (Test 1) revealed poor background knowledge among the SFP and UDW students who were predominately English second language Life Science students. SFP students were then exposed to a thirteen week enrichment programme using a marine theme while the other students continued with their first year Life Science courses. The nature and components of the SFP enrichment programme are presented. This involved skills-based teaching, emphasis on practicals and comprehension exercises, and included field trips. A repeat of the questionnaire (post-test, Test 2) following this enrichment period showed significan t improvement in general knowledge among the SFP students whereas the Biology and Zoology (UNP) students showed little change. Furthermore in another post-test (Test 3) run during the second semester, it was found that the SFP students had retained their knowledge. Questions in the questionnaire were categorised as general knowledge, general biological and specific biological. SFP students faired poorly in all three categories initially and showed improvement in all of these in the later tests. Improvement in the SFP students' performance following the enrichment programme suggests that poor background biological knowledge can be developed. However, other factors external to the course may affect progress.


In operation, the propulsion shafting of a ship is deformed axially and torsionally. Both deformations cause axial vibrations, which at critical RPM may become unacceptable. The vibrations are damped by an integral axial vibration damper. The critical RPM are calculated based on a model of the shafting, and measurements are performed to verify the calculated natural frequencies and the effect of the damper. The verification is required by some of the shipbuilding classification societies. It is demonstrated that Type 3555 fitted with Extended Analysis Software Type 7639 is suited for the measurements.


We report calculations of the translational and librational mode regions of the Raman and infrared spectra of ice Ih and amorphous solid water. The models used for these materials are those proposed by Bergren and Rice [J. Chem. Phys. 77, 583 (1982)] and Madden et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 69, 3497 (1978)]. There is good agreement between the calculated and observed librational mode spectra. The disagreement between the calculated and observed translational mode Raman and infrared spectra, together with agreement between calculated and observed translational mode densities of states, supports the suggestion by Klug and Whalley [J. Glaciology 21, 551 (1978)] that electric field induced mixing of translational states is important in ice Ih.


Background: In reviewed literature, several patients with duplication or partial trisomy of the 6p region have been described. Most of these cases are associated with a partial monosomy of another chromosome. It has been suggested that partial trisomy 6p constitutes a well-defined syndrome. The aim of the study: To achieve a better clinical delineation of the 6p syndrome through the description of a patient with partial trisomy 6(p21.31-p25) comparing his characteristics with international reports and to discuss aspects of the phenotype of this syndrome. Materials and methods: A detailed clinical analysis of the patient's condition was performed. The chromosomes were studied through the GTG-banding analysis. Results: On clinical examination we observed: a small anterior fontanel; fine, sparse and very pale hair, almost white hair; very white, translucent and thin skin; pale and sparse eyebrows and eyelashes; very narrow palpebral fissures with palpebral ptosis (blepharophimosis); a high nasal bridge, and straight nose with tiny nostrils; low implantation of the ears; microcephaly, neurodevelopmental and psychomotor delay; long philtrum, thin lips, the upper lip almost inverted and the mouth is small. From the neurological point of view there was evidence of trunk hypotonia and limb hypertonia. These are all typical features of trisomy 6p syndrome. A cytogenetic study of the patient and his father showed that trisomy 6p was due to an adjacent segregation I in paternal gametogenesis as the father is a 6,16-translocation carrier. Conclusion: The possible critical region is difficult to determine due to the clinical heterogeneity present in this syndrome. However, this case should be analyzed by molecular methods to determine more precisely the extent of the area involved in the trisomy.


The lectotype is designated here for the name Chilocarpus malabaricus Bedd. (Apocynaceae), an endemic species reported only from three states of India, viz., Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.


The relationship between ICTs and the environment is complex and multifaceted, as ICTs can play positive and negative roles. The article's main idea is how the ICT sector can help tackle climate change, from measurement, monitoring, and automation of processes to self-organizing the sector to refurbish and ecologically scrape ICT hardware. The life cycle of services must be managed to minimize their impact on the environment – management of production, use, and end of life. Based on the analysis, the current article identified some groups of indicators used in the proposed model to estimate the ICT footprint. This information contributes to a more accurate measurement of any company the effect on the environment.


The Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act ("RLUIPA') superseded the Religious Freedom Restoration Act ("RFRA'), which the Supreme Court held unconstitutional in its application to states in 1997. A two-pronged law, RLUIPA protects prisoners from unjust impositions to their freedom of worship and also ensures religious institutions may use their property for legitimate worship purposes without burdensome zoning law restrictions. This paper focuses specifically on the latter prong and analyzes RLUIPA in light of the growing Islamophobia in America during the previous twenty-four months. For example, the United States Department of Justice reports "of the eighteen RLUIPA matters involving possible discrimination against Muslims that the Department has monitored since September 11, 2001, eight have been opened since May of2010."Additionally, this paper repudiates the assertion that RLUIPA is an unconstitutional exercise of Congressional power, and argues instead RL UIPA ensures effective and legal protection from religious discrimination for all Americans. * The author is an American-Muslim human rights activist, writer, and lecturer on American-Islamic issues. He received his Bachelor of Science in Marketing from the University of Illinois at Chicago (2006) and his juris doctor from the University of Richmond School of Law (2012), where he served as Executive Editor of the Richmond Journal of Global Law, and Business and Founder and President of the Muslim Law Students Association. Send all questions and inquiries to q.rashid a richmond.edu. My deepest gratitude to Rachel Reynolds, 2011-12 Editor-in-Chief of the Richmond Journal of Lav and the Public Interest. Her leadership, commitment to human rights and religious freedom, and passion for the subject matter proved an inspiration throughout this paper's development. This paper is dedicated to my wonderful wife, Ayesha, and beautiful son, Hassan. ).S. Dep't of Justice, REPORT OF THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE RELIGIOUS LAND USE AND INSTITUTIONALIZED PERSONS ACT 13 (Sept. 22, 2010), available at http://www.justice.gov/crt/rluipa report 092210.pdf.


Natural resource conflicts arise since people try to change the property rights over natural resources and to get more benefits by doing it. This paper analyzes natural resource conflicts in the dynamic process of property rights structure on natural resources. Rights on benefit stream(i.e, property rights) from natural resource use are influenced not only by an explicit legal statement, but by implicit aspects such as the choice of compensation method and the magnitude and assessment of compensation amount on regulatory takings and environmental damage occurring from natural resource use. We need to explore compensation issues more deeply since conflict participants' incentives are largely affected by compensation rules. The paper also shows that we need to consider properties of regional conflicts. inherent nature of natural resources. and magnitude and distribution of benefits getting from natural resource use to find proper mediation mechanisms on regional conflicts.


Truncated human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2( ACE2) protein is recombinantly expressed in E. coli prokaryotic expression system. A truncated human ACE2 gene of interest was obtained by the method of molecular cell biology. The gene was cloned into the vector p ET28 a. The truncated human ACE2 protein was recombinantly expressed in E. coli BL21( DE3) and characterized with SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The truncated human ACE2 gene was got in this study. After digestion with Nco I / Xho I double enzymes,the gene was successfully cloned into the vector p ET28 a which was also digested with the same Nco I / Xho I. A recombinant vector p ET28a-h ACE2 was formed and transformed into E. coli BL21( DE3). The recombinant h ACE2 was expressed after 4 hours with induction of 1 mmol / L IPTG at 37 ℃ and identified using Western blot. In prokaryotic expression system,the truncated human ACE2 was successfully expressed. It will provide research basis for the relationship between structure and function of ACE2.


For implementing the proportional navigation guidance law on passive homing missiles equipped with strapdown imaging infrared seekers, the line-of-sight angles and rates with respect to the inertial frame should be estimated by carefully handling the parasitic instability effect due to the seeker's latency. By introducing a new state vector representation along with the Pade approximation for compensating the time-delay of the seeker, this paper proposes a new guidance filter structure, stochastic dynamic models and measurement equations, in three-dimensional homing problem. Then, it derives the line-of-sight angle and rate estimator in general two-dimensional engagement by applying the extended Kalman filter to the proposed structure. The estimation performance and the characteristics of the proposed filter were evaluated via a series of numerical experiments.


In the age of post-truth, the social network society lives in several spaces and times simultaneously. This kind of society inhabits the virtual environment as well as the real one and soon, when they coincide, it will no longer be able to distinguish between one and the other, with the same difficulty as it has today in recognising true from false. The virtual environment, made up of algorithms, bots, filter bubbles and fake news, thus becomes the new context in which we exist, and, as designers, we have a duty to consider it as a new possible context of and for design. The contribution aims to analyse how this new artificial environment affects the life, identity and pathologies of the person/user, considered a key element of the design project. An exploration that therefore aims to understand the new design paradigms of today and tomorrow, throw the analysis of case studies and theoretical reflections.


Major food adulteration and contamination events seem to occur with some regularity, such as the widely publicized adulteration of milk products with melamine.With globalization and rapid distribution systems, these can have international impacts with far-reaching and sometimes lethal consequences. These events, though potentially global in the modern era, are in fact far from contemporary, and deliberate adulteration of food products is probably as old as the food processing and production systems themselves. This review first introduces some background into these practices, both historically and contemporary, before introducing a range of the technologies currently available for the detection of food adulteration and contamination. These methods include the vibrational spectroscopies: near-infrared, mid-infrared etc. This subject area is particularly relevant at this time, as it not only concerns the continuous engagement with food adulterers, but also more recent issues such as food security, bioterrorism, and climate change. It is hoped that this introductory overview acts as a springboard for researchers in science, technology, engineering, and industry, in this era of systems-level thinking and interdisciplinary approaches to new and contemporary problems. In food safety and regulation, there is a need for a system to be able to make predictions on which adulterants are likely to appear in which food products. The aim is to identify the minimum detectable limit for the adulterants in milk. There are many adulterants that are added to milk including water, flour, starch and even urea in quantitative measures making it undetectable. MATLAB was used to write the algorithm code.


Generally, Application Access Monitoring System is a system that detects user's
activities. This system is implemented in Local Area Network (LAN) environment. The
goal of this system is to help system administrators to view the users activities in realtime.
Besides, activities that tracked will automatically save for later retrieval. The
Application Access Monitoring System also displaying the server running process. The
Application Access Monitoring System can be grouped into few stages; Analysis,
Design, Implementation and Testing. In Analysis phase, a methodology was used
because its deliverables of every stage matches the project milestones requirements. In
the Implementation Phase the development of data, processes and interfaces of the
system is started. To develop this system the VB6 language had been choose. While in
testing phase, the Application Access Monitoring System is test in order to ensure that
the system meets all the requirements. Lastly, for the conclusion this system strength and
weaknesses are state for further studied.


Abstract A n-n-type heterojunction ZnFe2O4–BiVO4 is prepared using chemical coprecipitation method. The heterojunction shows a higher photocatalytic activity than pure BiVO4 or ZnFe2O4. Because ZnFe2O4 possesses a narrow band gap, which enables the ZnFe2O4–BiVO4 to increase visible light absorption and further to generate more photo-produced electrons than pure BiVO4 or ZnFe2O4. In this paper, the mechanism of the enhancement of photocatalytic activity is interpreted in detail. In fact, the as-prepared heterojunction ZnFe2O4–BiVO4 has potential application in decomposing water under solar light. Meanwhile, we also hope that this work can provide a simple preparation method for functional materials.


> 'Controversy pervades the contemporary debate over the moral and legal status of euthanasia.'
>
> (Craig Patterson, moral philosopher)1
Euthanasia is increasingly advocated in public discourse as a humane response to terminal prognosis and distress on the part of selected patients, and their carers. Emotive arguments, mostly concerning individual extreme cases, are challenging the established ethic that forbids doctors prematurely ending human life. Utilitarian thinking, emphasising autonomy and pragmatism, is influential on public opinion and this may resonate with doctors who wish to do their best for their patients. However, a recent UK parliamentary debate roundly rejected a Bill proposing medically-assisted suicide, but pressures that favour this will not disappear.2

The special value accorded to life and prohibition against the involvement of doctors in ending it are codified since Hippocrates. The Hippocratic code probably represented the pre-existing best practice of the age, not just the sage himself, and ascribed to the legendary physician of Kos probably because he represented the higher ideals. This may be seen as a primordial and enduring expression of the natural law tradition. Physicians, then as now, had to be reminded to curb their instincts to cut through conflicting issues in tough cases by applying utilitarian measures. The validity of natural law has been proposed in every age up to the Enlightenment and since, from Aristotle, through the Roman Stoics, Aquinas, Rousseau, and Locke, to the US Declaration of Independence, and has influenced the Declaration of Human Rights and common law.3 Compared with such pedigree, utilitarian modernism is a relative newcomer.

The Enlightenment itself was built on centuries of development of European philosophy that argued its issues, not from theology but from reason, dredging the accessible, antecedent philosophies to seek universals that …


Agricultural policies and common pasture access in the village territory of Ouara in Western Burkina Faso: an economic and environmental analysis using linear programming model. This study uses a linear programming model to estimate economic and environmental impacts of common pastures management policies at village territory level in western Burkina Faso. Results show that considerable economic surplus can be locally released by negotiating taxes for common resources access. The model makes it possible moreover to determine the maximum number of transhumant livestock, which the village territory can accommodate according to the constraint of animal feeding and that of erosion. These indicators can be used to facilitate the assistance with the collective negotiation in the framework of village territory management committees.


[Objective]To understand the status of anemia among primary and secondary school students,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures.[Methods]A secondary school and a primary school were randomly selected within the county,according to the Testing Rules for National Survey on Physical Fitness of Students,all students from the 2 schools were taken hemoglobin testing.[Results]A total of 2 344 primary school students,3 012 secondary school students were surveyed;anemia were detected among 776 students,anemia rate at 14.5%.Anemia in male and female students were 11.91% and 16.96%,the anemia rate between boys and girls was statistically significant(P0.05).The anemia rate of primary students from 1-6 grades were7.80%、19.50%、10.70%、4.48%、18.67%、2.36%,the anemia rate of secondary school students were 12.41%、7.68%、33.32%,the anemia rate between different grades were statistically significant(P0.05).[Conclusion]The anemia prevalence is wide among urban students in Yuanling county,which should be attached great importance by schools and parents,so as to take measures to prevent anemia and promote their healthy growth.


ABSTRACT The effects of organic content and the frequency of cyclic shear straining on the cyclic degradation and the normalized pore water pressure in 27 fibrous marine organic soil specimens were investigated with the two-way cyclic strain-controlled dynamic triaxial testing system. The testing program included three cyclic shear strain amplitudes, γc = 0.25, 0.5, and 1%, three ranges of the organic contents, OC = 13.3–18.4%, 23.3–27.9%, and 36.9–45.3%, and three loading frequencies, f = 0.05, 0.25, and 1 Hz. The results clearly exhibit that the degradation parameter, t, which means the rate of the cyclic degradation with the number of loading cycles, N, decreases with the OC and increases with the f. At the γc = 0.25–1%, if the OC decreases from 40.8 to 13.3%, the degradation parameter t may increase by 82.9–221.1%. If f is increased 20 times, from 0.05 to 1 Hz, then t may increases by 34.7–117.9%. The cyclic pore water pressure normalized by the effective consolidation pressure, , increases with the OC and decreases with the f was also observed.


The transverse spin asymmetries measured in semi-inclusive leptoproduction of hadrons, when weighted with the hadron transverse momentum PT , allow for the extraction of important transverse-momentumdependent distribution functions. In particular, the weighted Sivers asymmetries provide direct information on the Sivers function, which is a leading-twist distribution that arises from a correlation between the transverse momentum of an unpolarised quark in a transversely polarised nucleon and the spin of the nucleon. Using the high-statistics data collected by the COMPASS Collaboration in 2010 with a transversely polarised proton target, we have evaluated two types of PT -weighted Sivers asymmetries, which are both proportional to the product of the first transverse moment of the Sivers function and of the fragmentation function. The results are compared to the standard unweighted Sivers asymmetries and used to extract the first transverse moments of the Sivers distributions for u and d quarks. © 2019 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.


Religious diversity and its effective role in solving
conflicts and putting an end to wars that have killed millions
of people have been studied widely. Through a modern
analysis of religions, we can establish peaceful co-existence.
There is a pressing need for religious diversity, its different
dimensions, and its role in our intellectual life. People have
called for religious diversity, and belief in it has spread
widely worldwide. This can be realized through an objective
critical analysis based on an Islamic perspective to clarify
what this notion signifies in Islam and in comparison with
what has been said about it


As a result of technological changes in the world, international trade has
become very easy in practice and has shown a rapid increase in the
volume. The increase in trade volume is closely related to the growth
policies implemented by countries. While some of countries applying
import substitution policies for economic growth, some of them applying
export oriented policies for growth. Both import-led growth hypothesis
and export-led growth hypothesis are an important discussion in applied
economics. Turkey's economy implemented import substitution growth
policies until 1980 then country's economy affected by oil crisis after that
stabilization program applied in 24 January 1980. In this respect, the study
is divided into two separate parts, which are the years between 1962 and
1981, years between 1982 and 2010. These two groups analyzed and
evaluated separately. The main purpose of this study is to investigate
relationship between export, import and growth in both periods for
Turkey. Dickey Fuller (ADF) tested stationary of the variables. Granger
causality test was applied to test the existence of causality between the
variables. As a result of this paper, it is found that causal relationship from
import towards economic growth from 1962 to 1981 and casual
relationship from export towards economic growth between the years
1982 and 2010.
Keywords: Export-Led Growth, Import-Led Growth, Economic Growth,
Trade, Granger Causality Test.


This article discusses the theory and practice of constructivism and suggests a way to move from the theory into the practice of it.


Studies that deal with daily commuting for reasons of work and/or study are incipient when referring to the pendularity in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (MRR). Therefore, this paper proposes to analyze the characteristics of pendulum mobility among fourteen municipalities of MRR in the year of 2010. To do so, the microdata of the demographic census 2010 sample is the main source of information. The main results show that in the MRR, the municipalities of Recife, Olinda and Jaboatao are responsible for the largest volumes of people that circulate daily in the metropolitan area. This is due to the geographical proximity among the municipalities and also because of the concentration of investments.


Executive summary Background: Colorectal cancer has emerged as the most common cancer in Singapore. The quality of life has become increasing important in measuring the outcomes of colorectal cancer patients and the impact of the disease on a person's life. Objectives: The objective of this review was to synthesize the best available evidence on the factors that have an impact on the Quality of Life of patients with colorectal cancer. Search strategy All primary quantitative studies published in English were considered for inclusion in the review. An extensive electronic database search was conducted since database inception to the December 2010 to identify potential relevant studies using CINAHL, PUBMED/MEDLINE, PsycINFO (OVID, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science (Social Science Citation Index), Expanded Academic ASAP, Mosby's Nursing Consult, Sociological Abstracts, Mednar and Proquest. Methodological quality Two independent reviewers assessed the eligibility and methodological quality of the papers selected prior to inclusion using the appropriate standardised critical appraisal checklists from the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. The two reviewers resolved disagreement by discussion. Data extraction Quantitative data were extracted from relevant studies using the appropriate standardised data extraction tool. Twenty papers were selected and assessed for relevancy. After further review, fifteen papers that met the level of methodological standard were included in this review. The extracted data included specific details about the interventions, participants' demographics, study methods and any outcomes of significance to the aim of the review. Data synthesis A meta‐analysis was not appropriate due to the heterogeneity of methodology in the included studies, thus the findings were presented in a narrative form. Results The review included fifteen studies which consisted of twelve descriptive studies and the other three were case‐control studies. The findings indicated that patients with colorectal cancer continue to suffer from depression, distress and bowel related problems such as constipation and diarrhoea which impacted their quality of life. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core Module (QLQ‐C30), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Colorectal Cancer‐Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Module (QLQ‐CR38) and Short Form 36 were the commonly used instruments to assess QoL in this review and most of the instruments included psychological, physical, social and functional aspects. Younger colorectal cancer patients had poorer quality of life when compared to elderly patients. Colorectal cancer also had a greater impact on quality of life outcomes in women when compared to men. Implications for Practice The evidence generated from this systematic review will assist in the provision of information to develop effective intervention strategies to enhance quality of life and well‐being for patients with colorectal cancer and to alleviate and/or prevent a worsening of the symptoms. A pre and post surgery psychosocial assessment should be part of the routine health examinations for early detection of psychosocial problems in patients with colorectal cancer. Implications for Research Future research is needed to explore further the factors that impact the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer with focus on problems like depression, and bowel symptoms. Psychosocial factors have a great impact on patients' perceived quality of life. There is a need to develop interventions such as psychoeducation and self‐management programme to help those newly diagnosed cancer patients and long‐term cancer survivors.


The relicts of an abandoned village were discovered during an archaeological field survey in the autumn expedition of 2017. During the following season (2018) we focused on the detailed survey and documentation of the site. A systematic field survey was conducted there, which was based on the collection of finds that are visible on the surface. In the selected part of the site we recorded the visible relicts by total station, sorted and analysed them. We identified 22 linear features, 16 circular/square features and we marked 4 spots which show the area behind the features. Among the finds the Early Middle Age predominantly prevail, nevertheless, finds belonging to the Bronze Age, Late Kushan Period, High Middle Age, Late Middle Age, and Pre -Modern Period were also collected.


Static analysis tools can handle large-scale software and find thousands of defects. But do they improve software security? We evaluate the effect of static analysis tool use on software security in open source projects. We measure security by vulnerability reports in the National Vulnerability Database.


One of the signs of cattle breeding, which has received attention in recent years, is the exterior. The purpose of the research was to test the methodology of linear evaluation of dairy cattle. The average score of 84,1 points in Holstein-type cows strongly indicates the development of trunk signs, compared with a fairly good development of a similar group of articles in peers of the fatty-milk type. Holstein-type animals had the best udder development, with a score of 83 points. The highest and most reliable links between the signs of the exterior and the value of milk yield for lactation were revealed when assessing group characteristics characterizing the dairy type of cows, the development of the trunk and udder, with correlation coefficients that were in animals of Holstein and fatty-milk type, respectively, with the final overall type assessment (r=0,493 and r=0,462; p<0,001). The level of heritability sufficient for successful breeding by type was observed in Holstein-type cows for most descriptive, including important breeding characteristics, which include height in the sacrum, chest width, trunk depth, angularity, butt width, hock angle, anterior attachment of the udder, central ligament, length of the front milking and fatness.


Erythrosine–B dye, which causes carcinogenicity and neurotoxicity, is removed by adsorption technique using low cost Activated Carbon prepared from Black Gram Husk (ACBGH). ACBGH was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD and Raman Spectroscopy. SEM image of ACBGH showed porous and irregular external surface. It is clear that there is a good possibility for the dye molecules to be adsorbed on the surface of ACBGH. The surface area (480.10 m/g) was determined by BET method. Batch experiments were performed to study the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, temperature and pH on the percentage removal of Erythrosine-B dye. The data best fitted with the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of ACBGH for Erythrosine-B was 882.68 mg g. The adsorption process followed the pseudo second order equation kinetics. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic and entropy controlled. Desorption studies were done.


This study aims to determine the Effect of Service Quality, E-trust and Digital Transformation on Customer Loyalty of BSI Mobile Product Users: Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable. This research is a quantitative study using primary data, namely data taken directly from the answers of the respondents. The number of samples in this study were 100 respondents. By using data analysis methods in the form of data analysis techniques in which there are multiple linear analysis tests, hypothesis tests, path analysis tests and also the Sobel test. Data processing uses the IBM SPSS 23 application. The results of this study indicate that service quality has a significant effect on customer loyalty in using BSI Mobile. However, e-trust and digital transformation have no significant effect on customer loyalty in using BSI Mobile. The results of this study also show that customer satisfaction mediates a causal relationship between service quality, e-trust, and digital transformation on customer loyalty using BSI Mobile.
Keywords: Service Quality, E-Trust, Digital Transformation, Customer Loyalty, Customer Satisfaction.


JCLD Editor in Chief, Dr. Douglas Lindsay leads a conversation about assessment with two senior leadership experts, Dr Robert Kaiser and Dr. John Brothers. In the discussion, they discuss several challenges that assessors face and why many attempts at assessment do not provide the desired results. They offer a thoughtful perspective on how one can approach the idea of assessment and what you need to consider or what they refer to as active ingredients of successful assessment. This advice is gleaned from years of experience looking at leadership assessment across different domains. They wrap up the dialogue discussing how leadership developers should really be looking at Return on Learning (ROL) versus Return on Investment (ROI).


The oil and gas drilling industry contributes to the release of greenhouse gases (GHG), especially carbon emissions from the combustion of fuel, and waste from its activities. It is rare to measure the quantity of these emissions. Going forward, it may become a legislative requirement to do so. This paper provides several approaches to measure and reduce carbon emissions from drilling activities to support the Glasgow Climate Pact at COP26 in November 2021 to keep alive the hope of limiting the rise in global temperature to 1.5˚C. Carbon emissions are analyzed based on the API Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emission Methodologies for The Oil and Natural Gas Industry, 2009. The authors provide practical equations to implement in offshore drilling activities and establish workflows to estimate carbon emission of CO2, N2O and CH4 from stationary combustion of rig engines and from marine vessels. Supported by SANGEA Software (SANGEA™ is a GHG emissions calculation tool owned by the American Petroleum Institute), total carbon emissions for Field X from jack up rig operations from September 2021 until March 2022 was calculated at 2,328 tons CO2e/ month, and total emissions from production and drilling operations was calculated at 8,791 tons CO2e/ month. Appreciating the significant ± 26% carbon emissions contribution from drilling activities will drive improved well engineering, operations optimization, fuel efficiency and low carbon footprint utilization through digitalization/automation. Unrecorded emissions from vented sources (well testing, completion and unloading) and indirect emissions controlled by other parties such as land transportation, helicopters and electricity imports in workshops will be part of the discussion. Additionally, this paper proposes administrative workflows to support the initiative through frequent fuel consumption records and through development of a roadmap to reduce carbon emissions from continuous drilling campaigns. The novelty of this paper is focusing on offshore drilling activities to abate carbon emissions in jack up rig operations. Knowing the portion and magnitude of carbon emissions from drilling activities will drive efforts to reduce carbon emissions and to support Net Zero Carbon Emission aspirations in the oil and gas industry.


This paper briefly examines the epistemic orientation of the Politics discipline in South Africa, and specifically in 'formerly white universities'. The focus is to expose the disparity between this epistemic orientation and the South African locale that it finds itself in; that is, a locale whose history is different from its 'imperial center', yet is diagnosed and measured in accordance with instruments defined by this very same center. To break with the hegemony of this episteme, I suggest, not only is it essential to have Black thinkers take their place in the South African academic community, but to develop a more African-based curriculum that responds, adequately, to South African and Continental problems.


The literature of post colonialism is a literature of
marginality and liminality, portraying characters caught
between one culture and another. The work represents a deep
cultural conflict in the mind of an American who is from mixed
ancestry. Ethnic nationalism and the recovery of traditional
culture a classic formulation: A group withdraws into itself and
labels the historically oppressive culture as the enemy. The
nation or group feels that its social oppression is inextricably
tied with the destruction of its traditional culture. To recover an
aspect o/the suppressed culture - even as fantasy - can be an act
not only 0/ revival but of subversion, a way of reifying the
oppressed group~ sense o/separateness and entitlement.


An approach to low-cost instrumentation and performance evaluation of passive solar heated buildings is presented. Beginning with a statement of the need for a low-cost approach, a minimum list of measured quantities necessary to compute a set of recommended performance factors is developed. Conflicts and confusion surrounding the definition of various performance factors are discussed and suggestions are made for dealing with this situation. Available instrumentation and data processing equipment is presented. The recommended system would monitor approximately ten variables and compute numerous performance factors on site at a projected system cost of less than $3,000 per installation.


In this paper I consider some data of Covid-19 infection in Italy from the 20th of February to the 29th of June 2020. Data are analyzed using some fits based on mathematical models. This analysis may be proposed to students of the last class of the Liceo Scientifico in order to debate a real problem with mathematical tools.


THE last decade or so has witnessed one of the liveliest debates among economic historians to date, namely the controversy concerning the new economic history or the debate about methodology in history. Indeed almost as much has been written about the virtues or otherwise of the 'new' methodology ason the subject itself The debate isnow becoming somewhat sterile and it is not the purpose here to add to the growing volume of literature in this respect. But for the sake ofclarity it is important to get the record straight by way of a few observations about the 'new' art, or should we say science? * Briefly and simply stated the new economic history lays primary emphasis on measurement and pays specific recognition to the relationships between measurement and theory. It involves the application ofeconomic, statistical and accounting tools to specific problems ofeconomic development. The economic tools provide the means by which to construct a model or theory which can then be tested for its validity by the application of statistical analysis. There is nothing very novel in this procedure as far as contemporary problems or those ofthe recent past are concerned. To take a simple example: economic theory postulates that there is some positive relationship between production and productivity movements. The validity ofthis proposition can be, and has been, tested by applying statistical analysis to the observed data. Clearly the methodological techniques are anything but ncw.s Perhaps the chief departure lies in the fact that in recent years young and energetic scholars, mainly American, have been applying known techniques on an extensive scale to problems of specification in major areas ofhistorical debate. Thus to try and determine the endless and inconclusive descriptive debates about such major issues as the economics of slavery, the role ofthe railroads in American development, and the impact ofdeclining exports on the growth ofthe British economy in the later nineteenth century, the new economic historians have sought to formulate explicit propositions and have then proceeded to test their validity. Correct specification is a crucial factor in such studies and for this reason theory is used to identify the explanatory variables for which quantitative information is required and sometimes to derive evidence about those variables for which information is not readily available.s Frequently the device of a simulation model is employed to determine what might have happened had certain events not taken place. By constructing a counterfactual situation or hypothetical past, for which invented data are supplied, it is possible to measure the difference between observed data (that isreality) and the predictions ofthe model.4 A well-known example has been the attempt to project the likely developments in transportation and economic activity in America in the absence ofrailroads.s * I appreciate the valuable comments made by Professor H.]. Dyos.


Water supply schemes for rural and urban fringe (periurban) communities generally cost more per capita than for urban communities in formal township layouts. The main reason for the increased cost is the lower population density in rural and urban fringe communities. Cost per
capita is often the key criteria used to determine the feasibility of schemes.
Consequently engineers are continuously under pressure to reduce the capital costs of water supply schemes to these communities by using more appropriate design standards. There are many established design standards that can be
adjusted to suit the specific requirements of rural and urban fringe water supply schemes to effect a reduction in the capital costs of these schemes. Most will reduce the capacity of the scheme and can result in operation and maintenance problems. These problems nearly always result in increased operation and maintenance costs. This paper discusses the methods of reducing the capital costs in the design of rural water supply schemes, the implications of adjusting these design parameters and identifies design parameters that have a net positive effect on a scheme. It should be noted that community participation in agreeing to the standards discussed in this paper is essential to the success of the project. The communities must be informed why certain standards are adopted and how these will impact on them.


The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that a preferential etching phenomenon observed in interstitial free steel is a crystallographic effect. Electron backscatter diffraction has been used to obtain microtextural information from surface and midplane grains in interstitial free steel specimens. The resulting data show that certain grains have specific orientations that can be linked to a preferential etching phenomenon observed by optical and scanning electron microscopes. Data processing has been carried out such that misorientation information has been extracted from the grain boundaries. Diffraction pattern quality and microhardness tests have been correlated to demonstrate that some grains retain dislocations within their substructure and, therefore, are unfavourable for formability properties. Results clearly show that [111] type grains etch at a higher rate than [100] type grains. These results are discussed in terms of electrochemical dissolution rates at grain surfaces.


Background: An ulcer is a discontinuity of an epithelial surface. Many a times, patients with oral ulcers are treated sympathetically without even coming to a definitive conclusion of their problem. Oral ulcers are common diseases for which patient seeks medical advice. Till date the clinical profile to diagnose the oral ulcers, membranous lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx is not well established. Hence, the study has been taken up to investigate the aetiopathology of ulcers of oral cavity and oropharynx. Methods: 60 cases of ulcers of oral cavity and oropharynx were included in the study. The aetiopathology of ulcers of oral cavity and oropharynx were investigated on the basis of age, sex, duration, etiological factors, symptom Index, socioeconomic status and anatomical distribution. Values are expressed as percentages. Results: The highest incidence was found to be in low socioeconomic group, where there is lack of education, improper food habits, cultivation of bad habits in early childhood and negligence of the disease are the predisposing factors in most of the malignancies. The highest incidence was found in low socioeconomic status. The lesions studied in this study were 50% of non-specific ulcers (Short term ( 3 wks) 10-33%), 15% of Aphthous ulcers, 8.3% of Traumatic Ulcers, 6.5% of Malignant ulcers, 6.5% of Dental ulcers, 3.2% of HIV infection & AIDS, 3.2% of ulcer due to T.B. and 6.5% of ulcers. The majority of the cases were between the age 21-30 yrs constituting 35% followed by 11-12 years constituting 26.6%.d 62% of the short term ulcers, Female 38%. Conclusions: Low socioeconomic status, lack of education, bad oral hygiene, bad habits cultivated in early childhood is predisposing factors. Hence early diagnosis and prompt treatment is advised in all cases of ulcers.


For getting the information on infants and children with ulcerative colitis observed from 1976 through 1980, questionnairs were sent to 298 institutions throughout Japan and collected from 157 institutions on 96 cases. There was no sexual preponderence in the patients. The youngest was two month old, and the majority developed the symptoms after nine year of age. Entire colon was involved in 53.3% and only the left-side colon was involved in 22.8% of the cases. Twenty three percent of the patients showed bloody stools. Hepatic dysfunction was observed in 12.5% as a complication. Nineteen percent of the patients showed marked growth retardation. The feeding schedule of the patients during infancy was not different from that of the normal Japanese infants. A short term prognosis was good and no death was reported during the observation period.


The diffusion path of an ion is considered as a one‐dimensional random walk between binding sites along the channel, where the potential energy profile may consist of an arbitrary sequence of different barriers and binding sites. It is shown that the conception of discrete transit times leads to a very simple calculation of transport quantities such as diffusion constant and stationary transmembrane current. The diffusion constant obtained here is the discrete counterpart of the diffusion constant obtained from the exact solution of the Smoluchowski equation. The resulting current–voltage characteristics indicate that the assumption of a discrete random walk represents a fairly good approximation. Furthermore, the first passage time problem for the present model is discussed and solved for the homogeneous case with the aid of a difference equation for successive first passage times.


independence from Britain, and how did Britain protect those interests? These are questions that historians of the Middle East have examined at length, but this examination has taken place completely outside of a wider debate about British imperialism that has occupied historians of Africa, India, Latin America, and China. Historians of the Middle East, and the Gulf in particular, have largely overlooked the theories about the nature of imperialism that these other historians have developed. Peter Sluglett suggests one explanation for this. Middle East historians, he points out, "see themselves primarily as such rather than as historians of part of the British Empire." Nevertheless, Middle East historians could gain new insights from a consideration of the contemporary debate in imperial historiography. What follows is an attempt to link Gulf history with that debate. 29 James Onley• Britain's Informal Empire in the Gulf, 1820-–1971


A high-speed optical switch based on an ultraviolet sensitive surface channel MESFET fabricated on polycrystalline diamond has been developed. Saturation response to a nanosecond pulsed excimer laser has been demonstrated. Such an opaque gate three-terminal device is suitable for power applications where electromagnetic interference on power control interfaces is not negligible.


Measurements are reported for fragment masses and velocities from the reactions (17{endash}115)AMeV {sup 40}Ar+Cu, Ag, and Au. Charged particle multiplicities were used to select the most violent reactions, and systematics are reported for the momentum and energy deposition. These reactions are fusionlike for {approx_lt}44AMeV {sup 40}Ar with a large fraction of momentum and energy deposition in the heavy nuclear system. However, for {approx_gt}44AMeV {sup 40}Ar, a majority of the projectile energy and momentum is carried away by a multibody spray of light ejectiles and only a minority is deposited in the heavy nucleus. Nevertheless heavy composite systems are formed with up to 9{endash}12 MeV per source nucleon for 115AMeV {sup 40}Ar. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}


Purpose
This paper presents a bespoke model for understanding off-site construction (OSC) readiness among Indian construction organisations. This model presents 17 variables for discussion, the results from which help support OSC strategic decision-making.

Design/methodology/approach
Factor analysis was used to investigate the relationship between variables to group them into factors. After identifying 26 different variables, these were reduced to 17 using factor analysis and categorised into four groups. Descriptive statistical analysis and factor analysis using SPSS was used to develop a hierarchy of factors that affect OSC readiness in India. These findings were reinforced by five domain experts to support the results.

Findings
Minimising on-site duration, ensuring cost and time certainty and transportation issues were identified as the three most important factors, whereas lack of guidance and scepticism were among the lowest factors affecting the Indian OSC sector.

Research limitations/implications
This research is specifically focused on OSC within the Indian construction sector. As such, data collection, propagation and analysis should be constrained to the population context regarding inference, generalisability and repeatability.

Practical implications
The proffered OSC readiness model offers OSC practitioners an ability to assess the OSC readiness of construction organisations in India. This includes the evaluation and benchmarking of processes in both strategic and operational phases, including highlighting areas of concern and scope for further development (to achieve optimal advantage of OSC methods).

Originality/value
Originality rests with the use of factor analysis and descriptive statistical analysis to study the influence of different construction-related factors and variables on the OSC sector in India. This impact readiness model is context-specific to the Indian OSC sector – providing a unique insight into the causal factors and dependencies that can affect the adoption and uptake of modern methods of construction in India.


The study evaluated the health hazards prevalent among workers in selected tank farms in Niger Delta, Nigeria by adopting a cross-sectional design where data were collected from 182 tank/depot workers purposively using questionnaire. A total of 200 copies of a closed ended questionnaire were administered to all cadres of staff which comprised of senior staff, middle and junior staff. Data were coded and analyzed at 95% confidence level. most respondents agreed that some machines/equipment in their various workplace are not always in good condition which was further supported by the weighted mean result, with scores more than the criterion mean and grand mean of 3.00 and 4.10 respectively for each company. Most respondents disagreed that flammable substances like; PMS, AGO, HHK, solvent and other explosive-chemicals are not appropriately stored or handled in their workplace. This was further supported by the weighted mean result which scores were below the criterion mean and grand mean of 3.00 and 2.23 respectively, for each company. This study therefore recommends that government and supervising institutions should enforce compliance to OHS in industries, especially oil and gas companies so as to minimize hazards and risk levels.


Copper is an essential trace element and is required for many metabolic functions. The present study was designed to study the negative impact of excess copper sulphate (Cuso4) on liver of albino rats and studying how its antidote d-penicillamine play role in the development of its side effects. Seventy albino rats were divided into seven equal groups each containing 10 rats (G1:control group received distilled water) ; (G2: 0.1 LD50 of CuSO4) ; (G3: 0.2 LD50 of CuSO4) ; (G4: 0.4 LD50 of CuSO4) ; (G5: 0.1 LD50 of CuSO4 +100 mg/kg/day of penicillamine) ; (G6: LD50 of CuSO4.+100 mg/kg/day of penicillamine) and (G7: LD50 of CuSO4+ 100 mg/kg/day of penicillamine) for 30 days. At the end of the experiment all rats were sacrificed, and blood samples and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and molecular assaying. The result showed that administration of copper sulphate with different levels induced a significant increase in fasting blood glucose level (FBG), lipid peroxidation marker (MDA), serum copper level, white blood cells (WBCs) and serum tyrosinase activity, but a significant decrease in total antioxidant activity (TAC), Hb and platelet count. Moreover, copper sulphate administration elicited a significant (P ˂ 0.05) downregulation of cytochrome c oxidase (Cyto co) and glucose -6phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). It could be approved that dpenicillamine (DPA) can decrease the negative impact of copper sulphate on hepatic tissues and serum enzymes. DPA can reduce hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by copper pollution.


The growth of the shoe industry is described from its earliest establishment, from the point of view of mechanical handling of products. It describes the typical factory-production problem and the development of the mechanical conveyor in shoe factories. Mechanical drying and tempering of leather, as well as the adaptation of the individual motor to shoe machinery, are described, and also the installation of standard equipment for power house, dust collecting, packing, and shipping, to show that the shoe industry is searching for all methods to reduce production costs.


Stock market returns has increasingly become a leading indicator of a country's economic performance. This explains academia's growing interest in determining factors affecting stock returns. A majority of recent studies on Singapore's economic performance focused centrally around policy impact or property prices, and not specifically on stock returns. This study aimed to fill this gap, by examining if, and how, historical movements in the Straits Times Index (STI) were explained by the S$NEER, Monetary Supply, CPI, Balance of Payments, Crude Oil Prices, Electricity Generated, GFCF, Industrial Production, Merchandise Trade, or Labour Cost. By utilizing a Structural Vector Auto regression (SVAR) Model, approximately 48% of the STI's variance was collectively attributable to these ten macroeconomic variables, all of which had short-term impact on the STI. Looking forward, further research could be conducted examining the impact of said variables on individual sectoral stock indices, for greater insight on the dynamics of their relationships.


ABSTRACT The short-term sparse portfolio optimization (SSPO) models are dedicated to constructing sparse portfolio in each short period. In this paper, we discuss some existing SSPO model and propose two realistic sparse optimization models via the -norm. Closed-form solutions are obtained, based on which strategies are proposed with clear mathematical and financial interpretations. Numerical experiments are conducted on five benchmark datasets from real-world stock markets, which illustrate a competitive portfolio efficiency and computation time superiority comparing to the existing SSPO system.


We study the fusion of conformal interfaces in the c = 1 conformal field theory. We uncover an elegant structure reminiscent of that of black holes in supersymmetric theories. The role of the BPS black holes is played by topological interfaces, which (a) minimize the entropy function, (b) fix through an attractor mechanism one or both of the bulk radii, and (c) are (marginally) stable under splitting. One significant difference is that the conserved charges are logarithms of natural numbers, rather than vectors in a charge lattice, as for BPS states. Besides potential applications to condensed-matter physics and number theory, these results point to the existence of large solution-generating algebras in string theory.


The practical difficulties associated with full molecular dynamics simultations of thermal desorption processes have necessitated the finding of more efficient ways of studying these phenomena. Transition state theory provides part of the solution, but in order to obtain exact rate constants, one must also calculate dynamical corrections, in this case sticking probabilities. The present work proposes a means for computing sticking probabilities that permits the inclusion of both the thermal motion of the solid atoms and also the interactions among adsorbed species. Using this formalism we have made a study of the effects of changes in temperature and adsorbate coverage on sticking probabilities for Ar, Ne–Xe(111), with the results suggesting that these two effects can be indeed significant but that they are not necessarily independent of one another.


In this survey article, we report some new results of Groebner-Shirshov bases, including new Composition-Diamond lemmas, applications of some known Composition-Diamond lemmas and content of some expository papers.


Regarding the usage of social medias in corporative digital communication, implies a process that envolves the discussion in the business environment about the use of main platforms and social media tools available online. Blogs, relationship websites, wikis, microblogs, podcasts started to be utilized by organizations as a new way of strategy,as part of a business communication plan. The knowledge of social media is widely spread, but its application in the business cenario is still in need of further understanding in several companies, and the skills needed for their property to apply. The research with users and companies that are active in social medias observed the need of an strategic and communicational engagement, which has been increasing as a job with big demand, method, regularity, participations and reciprocity, demanding qualified hand of work.


The following problems were investigated at the Biological Institute of the Academy of Science of the U.S.S.R. in 1956: what physical-chemical structural changes occur in the tissue shortly after irradiation and what is the influence exercised by raddation on the central nervous system. A total of 25 works were published by the Institute. (TCO)


This study aims to determine: student learning outcomes using collaborative and scientific inquiry learning model are higher than direct learning models (Direct Instruction) on style material, student learning outcomes that have high scientific attitudes are better than students who have low scientific attitudes on material style; and the interaction of collaborative inquiry learning model and scientific attitudes towards student learning outcomes in style material. This research is a quasi-experimental study. The population in this study are 28 class IV-A students and 28 class IV-B students. The sample in this study is selected by total sampling of two classes. The instrument consisted of a style of learning outcomes test in the form of multiple choice tests and a scientific attitude questionnaire. Data analysis using two-way ANAVA at the level of α = 0.05 with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 25 and Excel 2013. The results shows that: the learning outcomes of student style material taught using the Collaborative Based Inquiry learning model 82.96 higher than the average the learning outcomes of style material using the Direct Instruction learning model of 74.67, the learning outcomes of students who have high scientific attitudes have an average of 83.67 and the learning outcomes of students who have low scientific attitudes on average 72.76, and there are the interaction between learning models and scientific attitudes in influencing student learning outcomes material style.


An improved method for transient stability-constrained optimal power flow is presented in this paper. The finite dimension transient constraints are transformed into one dimension inequality constraint in this method, so that it significantly reduces the computational burden and improves the calculation efficiency when multi-fault is resolved. A standard deviation criterion is proposed to measure the transient stability. The rationality of the substitute criterion and its robustness are analyzed. The proposed method has been validated in 10-machine, 39-bus test system.


Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the urogenital infections occurring in women worldwide. Candida albicans is generally observed among various types of microorganisms causing VVC. Antibiotic therapy is typical, and the use of Lactobacilli probiotics is to be recognized as a promising alternat...


The purpose of paper is to develop Korean kitchen space form,
suited to Kerean food culture. The main method is ethnography
using participant observationand interview with open-ended question.
Final suggestion is as follows:
Designing Korean-style Kitchen space for the problem-solving
in based on our eood culture. Because of the narrow woring space,
 providing using-space for Doma(kitchen board) in the mixing center
and working space for irregular work at the kitchen space floor in
 based on our food culture. Storage space is desined by various
kitchen-goods for the effective use, and providing stored-food
space. Forbidding excessive kitchen for the visual &smell
interception, and designing multi-use dining space.


The authors developed the architecture and algorithm of implementing the distributed computing system for processing dendroecological data. The article introduces the GPSS-model of the system for estimating the efficiency of its operation. Practical implementation of the system was carried out using the stack of free LAMP software products. The authors illustrated the system operation by such problems of two-dimensional analysis of tree disk image as computing azimuth and mean-square width of maximum increment area as well computing the values of indices of tree ring width increase.


The article is dedicated to the questions of cooperation between Russia and Ecuador in the areas of agriculture and agrarian education. The perspectives of cooperation are deeply connected with trade-economic relations. Economics of Ecuador is characterized by positive dynamics. In world list of competitiveness Ecuador is on 71-st place between 148 countries. GDP in 2012 is 84,5 billion USD. The main subjects of bilateral trade between Russia and Ecuador are bananas and cut flowers, some of Russian importers have their own banana plantations in Ecuador. Import from Russia consists of iron, steel, electric medical equipment, parts for cars, paper, fertilizers. Russian People's Friendship University (RUDN) is unique to have lots of connections with graduates in Ecuador, that will foster cooperation in agriculture and agrarian education. Totally RUDN educated over 5000 specialists for 29 Latin American countries, 550 — for Ecuador. In 2012 during the visit of RUDN's delegation the Working Program between RUDN and Agrarian University of Ecuador for years 2013-2018 was developed. Nowadays the bachelo'sr and specialist's educational programs are developed at agrarian universities, faculties of technical and political universities. Nevertheless the post-diploma programs are not enough, but according to new law on education universities of Ecuador have to enlarge number of professors who have Maer and PhD level. Actual educational reform in both countries give challenge to find new mutual projects to improve competitiveness on global markets.


This theses, explores customer's preferences in specific segment of young people with relation to their choice of tourism product. Research method chosen to analyze this preferences was a conjoint analysis. Using this method, author identified key attributes which customer's choice depends on. Output data were afterwards analyzed and use in market simulation software to determine the best product, to satisfy researched market segment. The first part of the thesis focuses on theoretical findings in the field of consumer behavior and describe conjoint analysis. The second part consists of an analyzing customer preferences and proposal of recommended product.


This is the first clinical report evaluating the accuracy, safety and operative simplicity of the new BENTLEY 10 PLUS (B10+) bubble oxygenator to control pO2 and pCO2 independently. Eleven patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were randomly selected. The Bentley Gas Stat (BGS) was used to obtain blood gas values during CPB at five-minute intervals, (N = 270). BGS calibration values were recorded. Confirming blood gas samples were sent to the hospital laboratory at approximately 15-minute intervals to ensure accuracy of the BGS. Adjustments to the gas flow controller (GFC) and total gas flow (TGF) were made to maintain the pO2 and pCO2 with predetermined ranges, 100–150 torr and 38–42 torr, respectively. The number of adjustments required to maintain values within ranges, GFC settings, TGF settings, Hemoglobin, and visual signs of hemolysis (hemoglobin-urea) were charted.
The B10+ unique gas flow control mechanism and central filming chamber enables the user to independently control pO2 and pCO2 during CPB: thus, A) maintain blood gases within physiologic ranges, B) reduces microgaseous emboli emission, C) reduces blood trauma and D) allows blood gas control similar to a membrane at significantly less cost. Use of a continuous on-line blood gas analyzer is recommended with this oxygenator.


Contracts can be divided into complete contract and incomplete contract. Incomplete contract is the core for understanding organizational factors. In an extreme view no contract can be absolutely complete. In fact, the degree of incompleteness of certain contracts has gone beyond the scope of which limited rationality is capable of interpreting. Incompleteness in contracts caused by limited rationality and incompleteness caused by deliberate high degree of incompleteness due to consideration of efficiency has different impact on economy. The former will give rise negative aspects while the latter will eliminate such negative aspects. The degree of incompleteness of contracts depends on considerations into these aspects by both parties involved.


RFID tags are a new generation of small devices used for identification in many applications today. RFID authentication plays an important role in applications where security and privacy is a major concern. As an example, RFID has gained appreciation as an emerging technology to thwart counterfeiting problems. Public key cryptography (PKC) provides an impeccable solution to the counterfeiting problem. One recent family of public key cryptosystem is elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) which is a better choice than RSA cryptographic system because of its shorter key length. In this paper, we propose a secure, mutual offline authentication protocol which is based on ECC. Finally, we present security analysis of our proposed authentication protocol.


Recently Marcus, Spielman and Srivastava gave a spectacular proof of a theorem which implies a positive solution to the Kadison-Singer problem via Weaver's KSr conjecture. We extend this theorem to the realm of hyperbolic polynomials and hyperbolicity cones, as well as to arbitrary ranks. We also sharpen the theorem by providing better bounds, which imply better bounds in Weaver's KSr conjecture for each r > 2. For r = 2 our bound agrees with Bownik et al. [5].


On the basis of general Hele-Shaw moldel, the simulation of the effect of several important mold-ing process parameters on gas-assisted injection molding process was implemented by means of CAE technequein this paper which involves melt temperature, delay time ,prefilled polymer volume fraction and gas pressure.And the mechanism of the effect of molding process parameters on the gas-assisted injection molding pro-cess was disclosed in the opininon of rheological theoty.


Abstract : This paper deals with the problem of selecting a subset containing the smallest parameter of k( or = 2) Poisson populations. The population parameters lambda sub i, i=1.2,...,k are assumed unknown and there is no a priori information about the correct pairing of the ordered and unordered lambda sub i's. Both unconditional and conditional selection rules are investigated. Tables are provided for approximate values of the constants necessary to carry out the procedures. Some other numerical computations have also been provided which shed light on the performance of the selection rule in terms of the probability of selecting a non-best population, the probability of a correct selection and the expected proportion in the selected subset.


Paper presented at the conference 'Protestant Traditions and the Paths to Peace:
Beyond the Legacies of Plantation', held at University College Dublin on 9 June
2009


Abstract . This article´s objective is to present, from a gender perspective, the life story regarding the maternity of female prisoners in the three female penitentiary centers located in the State of Sinaloa, Mexico. The approach is qualitative and exploratory-descriptive in scope. It is a case study (Stake, 1995). The sample is intentional (Martinez, 2006) and was integrated with 11 women who are inmates at CECJUDE at Culiacan, Mazatlan, and Ahome at the State of Sinaloa, who met one of the following selection criteria: to be mothers with children living with them within the criminal, or be inmates in pregnancy condition. In both criteria it was considered that, due to the scarcity of economic resources and inadequate conditions of confinement, they find it even more difficult to live their maternity at prison. To specify the qualitative approach, an ethnographic visit was carried out, and to collect the information of life stories, the respective instrument was used according to Taylor and Bogdan (1998). In inmates women testimonies it is detected a majority perception of deficiency in the medical service, at the same time they express that there are medical facilities, but there is a lack of medicines, instruments and medical specialists. Nor are there programs to detect and prevent chronic degenerative diseases of women, such as cervical and breast cancer. Regarding the conditions to house the minors who live inside the female prison of Sinaloa, with their mothers imprisoned, it is observed that a special area is lacking for the inmates to reside with their children. There are no daycare or basic education services; there are no conditions for an adequate diet nor pediatric medical attention. Keywords : Gender, maternity, pregnancy, prison, penitentiary centers.


Thin films of manganese nitride MnxNy are grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using the new precursor bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidido)manganese(II), Mn(tmp)2 = Mn(NC9H18)2, with ammonia as a coreactant. This precursor can be prepared in high synthetic yield and has good thermal stability at room temperature; it is one example of a new class of precursors that have the potential to deposit late transition metal nitrides. Under low-pressure CVD conditions, the precursor reacts with ammonia to afford MnxNy thin films in the temperature range of 50–350 °C. The stoichiometric ratio x/y is 2.3–2.5 for all growth conditions used, with oxygen and carbon impurities less than 7 at.% and 1 at.% in the bulk, respectively, as analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The MnxNy films are x-ray amorphous and are characterized by low root-mean-square surface roughness, 0.4–0.7 nm. Film thickness profiles on trench substrates indicate that growth contains species of both high and low sticking probabilities. The...


Type 2 diabetes continues to be a most common chronic disease in the world and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has kept increasing worldwide, especially in developing countries. A vegetarian diet is suggested to be inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in many observational studies, yet prospective cohort studies are still limited. For patients with type 2 diabetes, clinical trials suggest a greater improvement of insulin sensitivity or other glycemic traits when adopting a vegetarian diet than a conventional diabetic diet. However, long‐term clinical trials are still warranted to confirm and replicate the previous findings. So far, evidence is still weak for the recommendation of a vegetarian diet to prevent type 2 diabetes or to manage glycemic control in diabetic patients.


In this paper, a software application, Limn Matrix, is developed to interactively display a densityplot matrix for large, distributed data. A density plot is used to alleviate overplotting of points to more accurately represent the distribution of data points. To efficiently exchange large amounts of information through the network, we propose a hierarchical indexing system, by which the information volume transferring via network only depends on the number of plots and plot window size rather than data size. In addition, Limn Matrix provides several interactive features, including subset brushing and density transformation controls, to provide users extra insight about the large data set. An application on forest cover type data and future improvements of the software are also discussed.


Ethnoentomological research focuses on the wealth of knowledge about insects used by indigenous communities. Here, we examine the medicinal use of insects, with a particular focus on Rhynchophorus palmarum, also known as suri, by indigenous peoples in the Peruvian Amazon. Between January 2014 and November 2015, a semi-structured survey was conducted in six communities belonging to Kukama-kukamiria, Tikuna, and Awajum ethnic groups. Each participant answered three key questions: i) what insects do you use to treat your diseases; ii) what diseases do you treat; and iii) how do you treat each disease? A total of 63 people were interviewed. Over half of the interviewees from the three ethnic groups mentioned using the larva of the R. palmarum for medicinal purposes. The oil of the larva is used to treat more than ten diseases, particularly respiratory illnesses. Chemical analysis of the larvae indicates the presence of linoleic and linolenic acids, which confer antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.


We report the observation of a set of coherent high frequency electromagnetic fluctuations that leads to a turbulence induced self-regulating phenomenon in the DIII-D high bootstrap current fraction plasma. The fluctuations have frequency of 130-220  kHz, the poloidal wavelength and phase velocity are 16-30  m^{-1} and ∼30  km/s, respectively, in the outboard midplane with the estimated toroidal mode number n∼5-9. The fluctuations are located in the internal transport barrier (ITB) region at large radius and are experimentally validated to be kinetic ballooning modes (KBM). Quasilinear estimation predicts the KBM to be able to drive experimental particle flux and non-negligible thermal flux, suggesting its significant role in regulating the ITB saturation.


Most sub‐band coders (SBC) have been realized by quadrature‐mirror filter (QMF) with frequency shift and low‐pass filter (LPF). However, the QMF method has the following problems: (i) Band separation is limited to the power of 2; (ii) arithmetic errors are accumulated because of the cascade connection of QMF; and (iii) it is necessary to adjust the time delay if the number of QMF connections is different. This paper presents a new architecture for SBC with flexible band assignment, less arithmetic calculations, and small storage memory. In this SBC architecture, a finite impulse response filter (FIRF) is used instead of the QMF. The center frequency of each band is selected according to the equation Fs/Fk = D *n/m, where Fs is the sampling frequency of the input signal, Fk is the center frequency of the k th band, D is the decimation factor, and m, n are integers. According to this relationship, frequency shift and the LPF can be performed at the same time. In this case, data memory for the FIRF is drasti...


Speciesism is a bias that causes humans to accord themselves moral superiority in their dealings with non-humans. When speciesism permeates legislative thought, it leads to statutes that sacrifice the interests of non-humans to those of humans. The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 ('PCA Act') is no exception. Section 11 of this Act enumerates specific instances that qualify as animal cruelty and prescribes punishment for the same. However, this section is riddled with statutory flaws, some owing their origin to speciesism: inadequate and sweeping punishments, the defective incorporation of the 'Doctrine of Necessity', and the limited recognition of cruel acts. This article seeks to analyse each of the aforementioned faults and prescribe solutions which would strengthen the animal welfare regime as a whole. While stressing on broadening the scope of punishable acts under section 11, along with the need for statutory language to reflect 'severity' of punishment, the article also argues for differentiated punishment drawn from a consequence-based model which acknowledges the trauma and suffering of the animal. The intention is to prompt a discourse on the ideal drafting of animal welfare legislation.


ABSTRACT IN A previous paper by Baker et al. (1957) the effects of feeding Nicarbazin to laying hens on the yolk quality of their eggs was described. Neither the nature of the damage to the yolk nor the mechanisms involved in causing the damage were known. Experiments were designed to study the possible mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eggs were obtained from hens fed Nicarbazin. The scoring system used to estimate yolk damage was the same as described previously (Baker et al., 1957). Water uptake of the yolk was determined according to the method of Orru (1939). The intact yolk was dried on filter paper, placed in a tared beaker and covered with the experimental solution. The system was incubated at 37°C. for 3 hours, the fluid drained off and the last traces of solution removed with filter paper by rolling the yolk over the paper. It proved to be practically . . .


Social Security Fund,as the people's "life money","life-saving money",the fund regulation is very important,China has initially established a regulatory system of social security funds,monitoring has achieved certain results.However,due to various reasons,some problems still exist in the regulation.In this paper,China's social security funds exist in the operation of the regulatory system put forward a reconstruction of the regulatory system in China's social security fund some of the ideas.


This research examined the lived experiences of public school teachers in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative design was performed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Twenty public school teachers in the United States formed the sample, with the inclusion criterion being a minimum of three years' teaching experience, including the pandemic. To meet the safety measure protocols set by the U.S. government, the data gathering was conducted online using Microsoft Forms. The semi-structured interviews comprised two sections: the first ascertained the respondents' profiling and the second revealed their first-hand experiences. The thematic analysis approach was utilized to analyze the data. The findings disclosed five emerging themes: 1) low student engagement; 2) unstable internet connection; 3) professional development as school district support; 4) utilization of online engagement tools to leverage classroom engagement; and 5) evident parental support. School districts, teachers, parents, students, and potential researchers were provided with recommendations for improving online and hybrid instruction. In addition to implementing socio-emotional learning programs and addressing slow internet connections, it is advised that school districts train teachers on how to use the tools, software, and techniques for online and hybrid instruction. Teachers who are having difficulty in adjusting to online learning should think about developing their capabilities for helping students while finding a healthy balance in terms of stress management. The use of technology to support students should be adequately taught to parents. Future studies on the pandemic's effects on education should continue.


The paperintroduces the designfor the mix proportion of the graded broken stone of the surface layer of subgrade on the Z9 bid sectionin the electrification speed-raising reconstruction project along Zhejiang-Jiangxi railway,analyzes factors of affecting the construction quality,points out factual control measures,so as to ensure the construction quality of the graded broken stone of the surface layer of subgrade,and to reduce costs.


In 1963 a horrific accident took the lives of almost three dozen Mexican guest workers, or braceros, in California's Salinas Valley. This article examines the event's effects on various communities in the United States, including policy makers, civil rights activists, and farmworkers, while considering questions of race and labor, tragedy and historical memory, and the evolution of Chicano politics in California.


In the process of service support simulation of enterprise management information systems, it is necessary to break the process into several components: a significant stage of the enterprise management systems life cycle and service support as a main part of the overall process, types of work, why do we need service and results of his work. The article discusses connection between types of work with the stages of the service life cycle, as well as the connections between "reasons - work - result", which gives a systematic view on the service and allows you to model the structure of indicators of service quality and create risk catalogs, taking into account the features of the support service.