Viral vector-mediated transient expression enables rapid biopharmaceutical protein production using whole plants. In recent years, plant growth conditions have received close attention as factors influencing the content of recombinant protein. In particular, because nitrogen is an important resource used in protein synthesis, nitrogen supplied to the root zone may influence accumulation of recombinant proteins. We tested whether fertilization of Nicotiana benthamiana with high-nitrate nutrient solution during plant growth prior to Agrobacterium-mediated delivery (agroinfiltration) of a tobamoviral vector resulted in high recombinant influenza hemagglutinin (HA) content per unit of leaf fresh weight and/or per plant. Nutrient solution containing 60 mM nitrate yielded 40% higher HA content per unit of leaf fresh weight, and comparable HA content per plant, relative to nutrient solution containing 12 or 36 mM nitrate. There were positive correlations among HA, total soluble protein (TSP), and soluble reduced-nitrogen content, suggesting that fertilization with the high-nitrate nutrient solution increased soluble reduced nitrogen and subsequently provided high TSP and HA. Although the increased HA content per unit of leaf fresh weight was offset by reduced leaf fresh weight on a per plant basis, nitrate-enriched fertilization represents an easily applicable technique to obtain a given amount of HA from smaller leaf biomass, thereby potentially reducing downstream processing costs for HA vaccine production using viral vector-mediated transient expression systems.


A new multi-channel virtual ultrasonic testing system which consists of PC cards,focus probes and machine system is proposed. Using this system the A,B,C scan, data processing and quantitative analysis can be realized.In addition, computer technology, virtual instrument,signal and image process technology are introduced to ultrasonic nondestructive testing and the range of application of traditional ultrasonic testing is hence extended. The characters of our system are as follows: test efficiency,high precision,and easy parameters adjustment.


This article explores the evidence that supports the benefits of eating a healthy diet, with emphasis upon the role specific nutrients play in supporting positive mental health.


Editor—Cerebral oximetry has become a standard monitoring in cardiac surgery and some studies have shown its usefulness in non-cardiac surgery. 2 In the future, it may become widely used for routine monitoring. There are two different technologies used, absolute and relative oximetry. Absolute oximetry uses fibreoptic laser light of four different wavelengths (690, 780, 805, and 850 nm; ForeSight, Casmed medical, CT, USA), and relative oximeters emit 2 (730, 810 nm; Invos cerebral oximeter, Somanetics Corporation, MI, USA) or three (730, 810, and 880 nm; Regional Oximetry system 7600, Nonin medical Inc., MN, USA) different wavelengths, using LED. The proponents of absolute oximeters advocate that no baseline calibration is needed, hence any change during surgery does not have to be related to the baseline values, and that their monitoring cannot be influenced by ambient light. In order to test the hypothesis that absolute oximeters are less affected by ambient light, we tested three different cerebral oximeters (Foresight, Invos cerebral oximeter, and Nonin regional oximetry system) in the laboratory, simulating OR conditions with ambient light of different direction and intensity. We placed all three devices on a large table, with the only light source being natural light on an overcast day entering a rectangular room from only one side. We then placed all three monitors next to each other, making sure that all sensors would receive light of the same intensity and direction. All monitors were switched on and the sensors exposed to ambient light; by shifting the sensors around, we tried to create different ambient light angles and shades. The Foresight monitoring did not appear to be influenced by ambient light, irrespective of the angles, shades, light intensity or direction, and showed no value and the message 'ambient light, no reading'. The Nonin monitor appeared to be influenced by ambient light, especially with partial covering of the sensor when increasingly low saturation values were displayed without any warning signal to indicate ambient light or artifact. When the sensors were placed in direct light, very high saturation numbers could be achieved (Fig. 1A). The Invos showed a bit more independence from ambient light than the Nonin; however, even without attaching the sensors to anything, saturation numbers in the 'normal' range could be achieved (Fig. 1B). The results of the laboratory testing could be reproduced in a simulated OR setup with dimmed light—similar to the ambient lighting used for endoscopic surgery. The clinical importance of the influence of ambient light on cerebral oximeter devices should not be underestimated: one can easily imagine a clinical scenario of a patient undergoing surgery in dimmed light conditions (e.g. endoscopic surgery), where the adhesive sensors partially lose contact with the patient's skin and are thus exposed to ambient light. Relative cerebral oximeter values such as created in the laboratory setting could be easily occurring in this scenario. At present, absolute oximetry is not influenced by ambient light, relative oximetry is. Further refinement is required to make sure that relative oximeters reliably detect artifact values created by ambient light. A


The wide scale inspection of extended technical components with respect to the recognition of typical surface features (shape, texture, roughness) needs the combined application of different measurement techniques with new tools for the consistent analysis and description of the measuring results. The new concept of scaleable topometry meets the demands of wide scale surface topometry. Controlled by the evaluation of scale-independent surface features based on fractal geometry, different measurement techniques with subsequent lateral and depth resolution are applied to the surface. The result is a complete description of the surface covering a wide scale taking into account special regions of interest. The choice and orientation of the special measurement technique is supported by a new feature extraction method called the fractal pyramid. The advantages of the new concept are demonstrated on several technical components.


This article describes the selection and field evaluation of dredging equipment and techniques for removal of highly contaminated sediments from the upper estuary of the Acusbnet River, a portion of the New Bedford Harbor Supetfund Project. Site conditions as related to dredge selection and operation, factors considered in selection of equipment, and various dredge types considered for use are described. Each of the dredge types is ranked according to the following criteria: availability, safety, potential for sediment resuspension, maneuverability, cleanup precision, cost and production, flexibility, required water depth for operation, ability to access the site, and compatibility with disposal options. A field pilot study comparing three dredge types indicated that dredging could be conducted at the site without a significant increase in the contaminant release from the upper estuary to the lower harbor.


In the agricultural locality Pohranice were measured soil moisture values for the selected control points. Over these points we put the B-spline surface, which relatively detailed description we supply. On a simple example of 4 x 4 points we debugged program for generation of base functions. Furthermore, we verified process to generate knots of B-spline surface, which we subsequently used for the programming of the surface itself. In this manner formed algorithms we applied to 11 x 11 measured values of soil moisture. Discrete values of measurements were by clamped B-spline surface smoothed and its corner values constitute the edge measurement points. Evenly spaced points at a distance of 1 m in both directions slightly simplified the procedure, which can deal with irregular layout of points.


The technology of geosynthetic reinforced soil has been widely used in the structural strengthening of highway subgrade. Under the action of long-term vehicle cyclic loading, geosynthetic reinforced soil can effectively improve the bearing and deformation resistance capacity of the subgrade, improve the long-term stability of the highway structure and prolong the service period of the road. At present, the quasi-static method to design the geosynthetic reinforced subgrade under the action of traffic load is not perfect enough, the research on dynamic property, design theory and parameters still lags far behind engineering practice and technology development. In this paper, we investigated the dynamic triaxial tests in laboratory with different kinds of soils (clay and silt), different confining pressures (50 Kpa, 100 Kpa and 150 Kpa), and different reinforcement layers (0 layer, 1 layer and 2 layers) to show the changes and influencing factors of dynamic elastic modulus and damping ratio. The experimental results will provide the basis for the parameter choice of geosynthetic reinforced subgrade with the influence of traffic load.


A module generator for CMOS buffers have been written in C. The generator optimizes buffer design with respect to a user specified objective function both in terms of performance and layout. Speed, area, power consumption, power-delay, AT and AT/sup 2/ are selectively optimized before the layout is produced. Such layout is generated in various configurations depending on load size. Technology file is easily updatable.


This chapter looks at the civil law arm of health and safety law, which serves to provide compensation to employees or ex-employees who have suffered a detriment due to the unlawful actions of their employers. It focuses on personal injury claims brought to the County Court and High Court and the defences that are available for employers when faced with such litigation. The discussions cover claims due to negligence, breach of statutory duty, breach of contract and constructive dismissal, and stress-based claims.


This paper describes the experimental method and results of the measurement with temporal and spacial resolution for plasma light radiation loss and neutral flux loss in Mini-Torus tokatnak by using high gain and fast response lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) pyroelectric detector. The experiments show that main power loss to the wall is carried away by energetic neutrals while the light radiation loss is only a small portion of total power loss. The light radiation power at different wavelength was measured,


Objective To investigate the effect of nonstructural protein 5A( NS5A) encoded by the human hepatitis C virus( HCV) RNA genome on human immunodeficiency virus( HIV) long terminal repeat( LTR) and to provide an experimental basis for the study on the effect of HCV on HIV. Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells were divided into blank group,control group,and experimental group to be transfected with plasmid pGL3- LTR- Luc( containing luciferase reporter gene driven by the LTR promoter),plasmid pRc / CMV plus plasmid pGL3- LTR- Luc,and plasmid pCNS5A( containing HCV NS5A gene) plus plasmid pGL3- LTR- Luc,respectively; Huh7 cells were collected 48 h later. The protein and mRNA expression levels of HCV NS5A were measured by immunocytochemistry,Western blot,and RT- PCR. The relative luciferase activity was measured to evaluate the HIV LTR activity and the effect of HCV NS5A on HIV LTR. The activity values were expressed as mean ± SD,and Levene' s test of homogeneity of variance was used; comparison between all groups was made by one- way analysis of variance( ANOVA),and comparison between two groups was made by least significant difference( LSD) test. Results The mRNA and protein expression of HCV NS5A was detected in the cytoplasm of Huh7 cells in experimental group. The one- way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in LTR luciferase activity between the three groups( F = 7. 876,P = 0. 002). The LSD test showed that the experimental group had a significantly higher relative luciferase activity than the blank group and control group( 22476 ± 4471 vs 15887 ± 3039,P = 0. 002; 22476 ± 4471 vs 16321 ± 4162,P = 0. 008). Conclusion Huh7 cells can be transfected with the HCV NS5A expression plasmid( pCNS5A). HCV NS5A can activate HIV LTR,which suggests that HCV NS5A may be one of the molecular mechanisms of HCV promoting HIV replication.


ABSTRACT Li, M. and Xie, W., 2019. Remote sensing image matching algorithm for coastal zone based on local features. In: Guido-Aldana, P.A. and Mulahasan, S. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources and Exploration. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 93, pp. 723–728. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In order to improve the high resolution digital imaging ability of coastal remote sensing image, a pixel spatial fusion feature matching method based on local feature adaptive feature matching is proposed. The edge profile feature detection and pixel reconstruction model of coastal remote sensing image is constructed, and the multi-level feature decomposition and pixel region profile feature detection of coastal remote sensing image are carried out. The optimal high spatial resolution feature of coastal zone remote sensing image is extracted, and the high spatial edge profile feature extraction and block segmentation of coastal zone remote sensing image are carried out by using similarity information fusion and image region reconstruction methods. The target block matching and overlapping region high resolution reconstruction of coastal zone remote sensing image are carried out based on approximate sparse representation method, and the pixel spatial fusion feature matching of coastal zone remote sensing image is carried out under the constraint of high resolution. The simulation results show that the fusion degree of pixel spatial fusion feature matching of coastal remote sensing image is high, the reconstruction quality of image is good, the peak signal-to-noise ratio of output is high, the matching output quality of coastal remote sensing image is good, and it has good image resolution and detection ability.


The effect of iron form (ferrous, ferric, heme), temperature and botulinal spores on nitrite level was determined in meat. In model systems, ferritin iron was also included, and ascorbate was used as a reducing agent. Reduced hemoglobin caused the most rapid nitrite depletion in both systems. Ferrous iron caused faster nitrite depletion in model systems than in meat. Ferrous iron reduced nitrite readily in model systems at 27°C, but not at 5°C. Ferritin iron did not affect nitrite level. In meat at 27°C, nitrite depletion was much faster in inoculated samples. Protein-bound nitrite levels were higher in meat with added ionic iron. In cured meat with added ionic iron, iron-NO-protein complexes may form, lowering the amount of nitric oxide (NO) available to inhibit botulinal spore outgrowth.


The invention discloses a payment method based on visible light, middle equipment and an intelligent terminal and system. The method includes the steps that the middle equipment receives payment information sent by the intelligent terminal in a visible light mode; the middle equipment converts a received visible light signal into a digital electric signal; the digital electric signal is decoded and sent to a server in a wired mode to be displayed; when the server returns feedback information of the payment information, the middle equipment receives the feedback information sent by the server in a wired mode and sends the feedback information to the intelligent terminal in a visible light mode. According to the payment method based on the visible light, the middle equipment and the intelligent terminal and system, the payment information is sent in a visible light mode, revelation of the payment information in the sending process is reduced, and payment safety of the intelligent terminal is improved. Besides, the intelligent terminal carried with by a user serves as the payment terminal, the user does not need to carry with cash or safety equipment such as a U shield, an OTP token needed in network payment, and convenience is brought for the user in payment.


A class of discrete SIR epidemic model derived from SIR model with distributed delay and general nonlinear incidence by using a variation of the backward Euler method is proposed.It shows that the global dynamics of each discrete SIR model is fully determined by a single threshold parameter and that on the condition that,the unique disease-free equilibrium E0 =(A/μS,0)is globally asymptotically stable.


We improve the $Q$ of SiC microring resonators with a sub-micron cross-sectional dimension by a factor of six by reducing surface roughness. We achieve a high $Q$ (~73,000) for such a device with anomalous dispersion. © 2019 The Author(s)


Because of the development of computer networks and the scattered locations of system, distributed data-storage system is widely deployed. Data partition and redundant strategy determine the space utilization, access performance and data reliability of the storage system. Based on the analysis of current data partition and redundant mechanisms, we propose a novel Consistent Hash Based Flexible Redundant Data Partition Strategy (CHAFRAS) for key-value data models. It partitions the hash ring dynamically according to the number of virtual nodes and manages data copies on the level of partitioned unit. Furthermore, CHAFRAS shortens the path of data access and simplifies the management of data copies on the basis of keeping the features of scalability and load balancing. Extensive experimental results offer an insight into the proposed techniques and suggest that they are efficient in terms of convergence time and access delay by comparing with the state-of-the-art storage system Dynamo.


Pattern Recognition is a useful tool for deciphering movement intent from myoelectric signals. In order to be clinically viable over time, recognition paradigms must be capable of adapting with the user. Most existing paradigms are static, although two forms of adaptation have received limited attention: Supervised adaptation achieves high accuracy, since the intended class is known, but at the cost of repeated cumbersome training sessions. Unsupervised adaptation attempts to achieve high accuracy without explicitly being told the intended class, thus achieving adaptation that is invisible to the user at the cost of reduced accuracy. This paper reports a novel adaptive experiment on eight subjects that allowed a post-hoc comparison of four supervised and three unsupervised adaptation paradigms. All supervised adaptation paradigms reduced error over time by at least 23%. Most unsupervised adaptation paradigms failed to achieve statistically significant reductions in error due to the uncertainty of the correct class. One method that selected high-confidence samples showed the most practical potential, although other methods warrant future investigation outside of a laboratory setting. The ability to provide supervised adaptation should be incorporated into any clinically viable pattern recognition controller, and unsupervised adaptation should receive renewed interest in order to provide invisible adaptation.


In the title compound, C24H23NO2Si, the dihedral angle between the planes of the phenyl rings attached to the Si atom is 80.78 (10)°. In the crystal, the molecules form sheets lying perpendicular to [101] via C—H⋯O interactions. These sheets are stacked and linked in a three-dimensional framework by additional C—H⋯O interactions in the [10] direction.


A new ultrasonic method for measuring the density of open-type lead-acid battery electrolyte is presented. This method is based on the theory that the velocity of sound in a liquid depends on the density of the liquid. The method consists of using 2 buffers enclosing the liquid in a symmetrical arrangement with a transducer fixed to each buffer. Using a measuring cell controlled by the Micro Control Unit, the velocity of sound in liquid is measured, to establish a database relating velocity, density, and temperature. The velocity data are processed using the method of polynomial fitting, to obtain the functions between velocity and density at different temperatures and for finite error analysis. This method can achieve a measurement accuracy of 0.001 g/cm3, and the advantages are: 1) real-time, 2) high accuracy, 3) small size, 4) on-line monitoring, and 5) high reliability.


The utility model discloses an anti-scalding faucet. The anti-scalding faucet comprises a faucet valve body and a valve core arranged inside the faucet valve body; a lock groove is arranged on the outer circumference face of the valve core; a lock pin is arranged on the faucet valve body; the lock pin is inserted into the lock groove, so that the valve core is in a safe locking state; and the lock pin releases the lock groove, so that the faucet is opened by rotating the valve core. With the adoption of the anti-scalding faucet provided by the utility model, the faucet can be prevented from being incorrectly opened, so that the use safety is improved.


Enrofloxacin suspension was prepared from enrofloxacin(active pharmacological ingredient) by orthogonal design experiments and complex coacervation.The quality evaluation and the elimination regulations of the present suspension were studied in this research.The results showed that the external appearance character and the drug contents of the present suspension were conformed with the quality requirements with stable quality and easy-redispersion.Chicks were administrated with this suspension by drinking water(contained 75 mg/L enrofloxacin ingredient) for five consecutive days.The total residue(enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin) concentrations in muscle,liver,fat were 11.12±10.53,79.29±28.86,50.08 μg/kg±22.09 μg/kg after being fed with this suspension for 5 d,but were not found in kidney.Enrofloxacin concentrations in muscle,liver,and kidney were not found in the tissues after 8 days,but the total residue concentration in skin whih fat was 13.84 μg/kg±10.82 μg/kg.The concentration-time data of enrofloxacin were analyzed by WT 1.4 software to get the withdrawal time(WDT),and the WDT in chicks was six days.


Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose(HPMC),Sodium Chloride and pure water were adopted to develop green cellulose ethers thermotropic materials.And thermally induced switching temperature,visible and solar direct transmittance were measured under different mixing proportion.For energy consumption,DeST-h was used to study the energy efficient effect of thermotropic double-glazing windows with different mixing proportion.It was shown that the optimum mixing proportion of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose(HPMC),Sodium Chloride and pure water was 2:15:100 by mass.And thermotropic double-glazing window can reduce energy consumption by 3% and 8%,respectively,when compared with Low-E double-glazed window and common double-glazed window in hot summer and cold winter zone.


The cloud model is a mathematical representation of a qualitative concept with expected value Ex,entropy En and hyper entropy He.It integrates the fuzziness and randomness of a qualitative concept in a unified way,and is a new method for transformation between qualitative and quantitative.This paper demonstrates the algorithm of condition cloud generator,develops the cloud generators including cloud generators under the conditions of and by SIMULINK,and implements multi-rule inference based on cloud theory.The simulation result shows that it is a simple,effective and pragmatic method.


Liberation is very important to separate different materials from the wasted composites for recyclingthe components. It is necessary to develop the new crushing method to tear off the composites alongthe boundary of different materials. As the waste materials include many kinds of inorganic and organiccomponents, it is difficult to liberate them by conventional crushing and grinding methods. In this study, theexfoliations along the boundary of materials, such as, concrete, silicon with silica, nail in wood and liquidcrystal display have been investigated by electrical crushing (disintegration) method.


In order to improve the matching speed and accuracy of the Answer Question Pairs in Natural Language Web Answer System(NLWAS),we propose an inverted index scheme based on inverted word,intro-duce architecture of Inverted Index,data stru cture,matching strategy,and dynamic maintenance,also make an analysis of the time complexity in this paper.The experimental result shows that it has made prominent opti-mization of system design after the use of Inverted Index.


One of the major goals of the exoplanet community in the coming decades is to detect Earth-like exoplanets (exoEarths) and look for biomarkers in their atmospheres. High-dispersion coronagraphy (HDC) may allow detection and characterization to be done simultaneously, as well as relax the starlight suppression requirements of the telescope and coronagraph. However, similar to other direct imaging techniques, HDC faces challenging thermal and/or exozodiacal background levels. In this paper, we present simulations of coronagraphic observations using a variety of space telescope apertures ranging in diameter from 1 to 15 m, specifically incorporating thermal and exozodiacal background. We investigate the effects of instrument temperature and aperture on the maximum usable wavelength, as well as the effects of exozodiacal disk inclination and thickness on observational SNR. We then identify the spectral resolutions which maximize observational SNR subject to detector noise and the required starlight suppression levels for the detection of various potential biomarker molecules (H2O, O2, CO2, and CH4).


This thesis attempts to identify if the library Intercultural Mexico State University is helping to meet the basic principles of intercultural education model. To the extent that the library support strengthen this model will give rise to the principles on which it was created are met and so enjoy indigenous higher education that meets their needs.


Abstract The burning history of a spherical diffusion flame element (Lagrangian flamelet) is modeled under three distinctive burning conditions: a quasi-steady burning process, a quasi-periodic burning mode, and a purely transient burning condition. In the quasi-periodic burning mode, the time scale of the oscillations is shown to affect the chemistry by providing an observed extinction reignition process associated with the unsteady fuel flux into the flame sheet. For the purely transient burning process radiation extinction occurs for certain soot loadings, initial fuel element sizes, and environmental temperatures.


Recently, remarkable progress has been made in the study of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures due to their various applications in optics, microwave, and antenna engineering. The band structure of EBG structures has been researched for frequency-independent or non-dispersive materials. Lately, there is an intensive interest in the analysis of dispersive EBG structures for novel applications. Therefore, accuracy in modeling of the band structure of EBGs composed of dispersive materials is important to accurately analyze the wave propagation phenomena over a wide range of frequencies in microwave and optical fields. In this paper, we use a new 2D FDFD algorithm to calculate the band structure and electric field distribution of eigenmodes of 2D EBG structure composed of Drude-type dispersive media. This algorithm uses only the eigenvalue equation, thus, all of the eigenfrequencies can be computed accurately for every band point of irreducible Brillouin zone. To validate this method, it is compared with the FDTD method which shows high accuracy and stability.


The 21 st century is an era that has been characterised by phenomenal growth in data rates at the local area network (intranet), extranet and the Internet, a trend pushed by deployment of "bandwidth hungry" applications such VoIP, security surveillance systems, video conferencing and streaming of online multimedia content. Due to demand placed on network resources by these applications physical layer cabling solutions have had to evolve to support faster, improved LAN technologies such as Gigabit Ethernet. Although new network architectures (such as Centralised Fibre networks) address current and long term demands of the modern networking environment, concerns have been raised about its cost viability. The key problem identified in this study was an inadequacy of suitable tools that aid decision making when estimating the cost of a network infrastructure project. Factors of importance in this regard were collected in a survey and used in development of a cost model. A network was designed based on two architectures – centralised fibre (all-fibre network) and hierarchical star (UTP for horizontal cabling and optical fibre for backbone cabling). Thereafter, cost of implementing these two architectures was calculated using the model. Based on the results computed from the cost model, the all-fibre network (centralised fibre architecture) was found to be more cost effective than the hierarchical star network. Keywords : centralised fibre architecture, hierarchical star architecture, structured cabling, multimode optical fibre, singlemode optical fibre, backbone


Fast and accurate ridge detection in fingerprints is essential to each AFIS (Automatic Fingerprint Identification System). Smudged furrows and cut ridges in the image of a finger print are major problems in any AFIS. This paper investigates a new online ridge detection method that reduces the complexity and costs associated with the fingerprint identification procedure. The noise in fingerprint is highly correlated and the statistics of such noises are unknown. In this case, image enhancement techniques based on probabilistic approach may not be suitable. In view of imprecise knowledge about the fingerprint noise, a fuzzy set theoretical approach would be more effective. A new structural algorithm for ridge restoration which is based on unsupervised fuzzy classification technique is described. The accuracy and speed of the proposed method are tested for a large number of fingerprint images with different initial qualities, and are found to be superior to the conventional methods.


The world is becoming more connected and dependent on shared human resources in the area of education, the challenge is to leverage what we have learned in a nation/region to improve education around the globe. The transformation of the world's economy is influencing our education, as it is suggested by Astiz, Wiseman, & Baker (2002) that ''operate in conjunction with the neoliberal policies creating conditions necessary for state restructuring of education on a global scale and then to transform the shape of education and how national school systems operate''. Brown, Lauder, and Ashton (2008), and Spring (2008) also state that processes of economic globalisation may be only successful if backed up by processes of educational development, as education is critical for future economic progress.


The Internet and Intranet have emerged as convenient and cost effective media for information retrieval and dissemination. Recently, many bibliographic systems, medical databases, knowledge-based systems, and online books have been built to improve access to biomedical information. Although all facilitate access to biomedical knowledge, each system is only accessible individually and often any system does not contain an adequate constellation of databases with non-overlapping content to satisfy the needs of a designer. Maintaining applications is costly and learning from them is awkward. This paper describes a joint effort of the Stanford Health Information Network for Education (SHINE) [1] and the Medical Device Network (MDN) [2]. We aim to examine the potential value and enhancement of efficiency of a biomedical digital library system that offers the biomedical information needed during conception and design of a medical device. We explain why understanding the use patterns of medical information and facilitating presentation of focused medical information are very important for the design of a biomedical digital library system. We also explain the needs assessment analysis that is used to modify SHINE, an existing web-based integrated digital library system, as a medical information system specifically sensitive to the engineer's work. We believe that the results of this study can improve the understanding of the information needs of biomedical engineers at various levels of responsibility and the functional requirements of designing an integrated web-based information system. Using these results, we can modify SHINE to better support self-initiated biomedical engineering education.


This case study features the experiences of university partners in the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Workplace Charging Challenge with the installation and management of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging stations.


A comparative study on the electrical characteristics of amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with HfLaO and HfLaON gate dielectrics is conducted. With the appropriate incorporation of nitrogen into the HfLaO gate dielectric, the saturation mobility of the TFTs can reach 31.3 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is more than twice that of the control sample with the HfLaO gate dielectric, as a result of the passivation of traps at/near the dielectric/a-IGZO interface by the nitrogen incorporation. However, the electrical characteristics (such as saturation mobility, on-current, and on-current/off-current ratio) of the devices tend to deteriorate with excessive nitrogen incorporation owing to nitrogen-related defects generated in the dielectric.


There are many methods for sensing water condition in Sunagoke moss. The direct measurement of canopy parameters is considered to be relatively inefficient and destructive. One alternative is the use of indirect measurement such as machine vision which can provide accurate result and non-destructive method. This study investigated the use of machine vision for monitoring water content in Sunagoke moss. Feature selection and features extraction are the most important steps in predicting Sunagoke moss water content using machine vision. The main goal of this study was utilizing machine vision as non-destructive sensing and Genetic-Neural Algorithm as feature selection techniques to determine water content of Sunagoke moss using non-invasive method. In our system, we extracted 106 features consisting of color features, textural features (gray level co-occurrence matrix, RGB color co-occurrence matrix, HSV and HSL color co-occurrence matrix textural features) and morphological features. Ten textural features were calculated, including Entropy, Energy (Angular Second Moment), Contrast, Homogeneity, Sum Mean, Variance, Correlation, Maximum Probability, Inverse Difference Moment and Cluster Tendency. There are (2106-1) possible feature subsets. The specificities of this study was that we were not looking for single feature but several associations of features that may be involved in determining water content of Sunagoke moss. The genetic algorithms managed to select interesting features and artificial neural network was able to predict water content according to the selected features. We propose a model of neural network based precision irrigation system for Sunagoke moss plant factory to realize precision agriculture.


Quivers, gauge theories and singular geometries are of great interest in both mathematics and physics. In this note, we collect a few open questions which have arisen in various recent works at the intersection between gauge theories, representation theory, and algebraic geometry. The questions originate from the study of supersymmetric gauge theories in different dimensions with different supersymmetries. Although these constitute merely the tip of a vast iceberg, we hope this guide can give a hint of possible directions in future research.


The apparently extremist sonnets of Spenser's Amoretti have often puzzled critics. Although the Petrarchan tradition provided some writ for violent allegations against the beloved, Spenser seems to expand this tendency beyond sonnet sequence decorum. A popular solution has been to read the violent poems as intentionally hyperbolic, but this view is insecure and does not explain why Spenser would want such an effect in an amatory and marital sequence. Instead, this paper argues that the violent sonnets should be read in the same Irish context of politics and conquest that has proved so illuminating for Spenser's other works. Specifically, the essay argues for structural similarities between the war against the "unquiet thought" in Amoretti, and that against kerns and rebels in A View of the Present State of Ireland. An analysis of attitudes toward the slaughter of the yielded in both texts indicates that the extremist poet of Amoretti is unburdening himself of a long-held grudge.


The connection of middle and higher vocational education has established an "overpass" for students to diversify their choices and become a useful person via multiple paths, but many bottlenecks exist in the specific practice process. Taking curriculum system construction as a breakthrough, this paper analyzes problems from the three levels of government, inter-school and school. Based on one's own practical management experience, the author proposes serialized solutions from four aspects: construction principles, construction ideas, construction strategies and implementation guarantees, aiming to improve the practical effectiveness in the connection of middle and higher vocational education.


Marketing research, which provide the data and the information for the decision making process, are essential for organizers of sport events, especially to the organizers of the most significant ones. The mentioned marketing research involves: research of the local market, visitors satisfaction research, evaluation of sponsorship effectiveness, research of the sport events economic influence on the local community or host cities, event host attitudes examination-local population and so on. The marketing research process, for the sport event organizers of needs, involves several steps, such as: goal definition, choice of the research method, research instruments determination, interviewer education, information gathering, data processing, data report, conclusions.


In the current issue of Experimental Physiology, Lindsay and colleagues (2018) have shown accumulation of inflammatory cells in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) results in an increase in the immune cell synthesised antioxidants Neopterin and 7,8dihydroneopterin. Furthermore, elevated levels of this antioxidant appear to be protective; improving strength and reducing the effects of contraction induced muscle damage in muscles isolated from the mdx mouse model of DMD. While this research highlights 7,8dihydroneopterin as a novel biomarker for the assessment of disease progression in DMD, further work is needed to determine the potential therapeutic effects of these antioxidants in vivo.


An analytical treatment of a simple opinion model with contrarian behavior is presented. The focus is on the stationary dynamics of the model and in particular on the effect of inhomogeneities in the interaction topology on the stationary behavior. We start from a micro-level Markov chain description of the model. Markov chain aggregation is then used to derive a macro chain for the complete graph as well as a meso-level description for the two-community graph composed of two (weakly) coupled sub-communities. In both cases, a detailed understanding of the model behavior is possible using Markov chain tools. More importantly, however, this setting provides an analytical scenario to study the discrepancy between the homogeneous mixing case and the model on a slightly more complex topology. We show that memory effects are introduced at the macro level when we aggregate over agent attributes without sensitivity to the microscopic details and quantify these effects using concepts from information theory. In this way, the method facilitates the analysis of the relation between microscopic processes and a their aggregation to a macroscopic level of description and informs about the complexity of a system introduced by heterogeneous interaction relations.


The Doha Development Round of multilateral trade negotiations (often referred as the DDR) came to a halt in July 2006. This break followed several unsuccessful attempts to agree on modalities for reducing agricultural subsidies and protection. At Davos, in January 2007, world leaders pledged to resurrect the DDR talks and reach a successful agreement. Yet, in February 2007, the outcome remains in doubt. It seems most unlikely that a robust DDR agreement will be concluded – even though, with much effort, a shallow deal is still in sight. In this brief, we start with a short overview of the world trading system since the Second World War, emphasizing the contribution that trade liberalization makes to world growth. Next we summarize the causes of the DDR breakdown. This is followed by an examination of three different scenarios for the future of the world trading system, highlighting risks and opportunities associated with each. We conclude with bold predictions.


Planning practice is strongly influenced by three components that depend on national contexts: first, the existence of a tradition in planning, and the extent to which it is impregnated across the different layers of society, from national government to citizens; second, the socio-economic context that frame land and housing markets, and spatial development; and third, the legal framework that legally embodies that tradition in order to regulate those markets. These three components are strongly interdependent and they feed themselves constantly, in an action/reaction relationship. This creates a cycle that must be careful and permanently monitored in order to ensure the desirable convergence between practice and regulation. In this paper, we present an analytical overview of this cycle within the Portuguese planning system for the last two decades, a period of intensive activity in planning that is contemporary of a period of strong economical and urban growth that occurred after the country?s admission as a full member in the former European Economic Community.


This article deals with the relevancy of expansionary monetary policy in a situation of financial crisis in an historical perspective. We simulate, within a svar framework, the effects of expansionary monetary policy over the period 1929-1933, in the us. We suggest a renewed monetary lesson in order to enrich current monetary policies.
 Classification JEL: B23; E58; N12


The name-to-peptide concept uses the International Union of Pure and Applied ChemistryInternational Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (IUPAC-IUB, JCBN) system for abbreviating the names of amino acids (AAs) with single letters of the English alphabet, and considers the strings of letters in personal and other names as strings of AAs, or peptides. The method can be used to design and create novel peptides of potential medical usefulness. This article reports the results of a theoretical analysis of hundreds of personal names extracted from the 2010 Forbes List of the World's Billionaires with the goal of finding names containing letter compositions corresponding to AA sequences containing the CendR motif (i.e., R/K-X-X-R/K at the carboxyl terminal end of the peptide, where R is Arginine, K is Lysine, and X can be any AA). The names of US citizens were separated from the Forbes List, and searched for the presence of the CendR motif. Only 10 of the 403 names were found to contain it, and of these only 4 had given and family names composed entirely of letters corresponding to IUPAC-IUB, JCBN abbreviations for gene-encoded AAs: Ty Warner, Stewart Rahr, Randal Kirk, and Nancy Lerner. The given and family names of these four were combined to form letter sequences corresponding to name peptides. Protein databases were searched for the occurrence of these peptides in nature, and portions of each peptide were found in a variety of natural proteins, including proteins of known three dimensional structure. Each name peptide was modeled as two commonly found structures in proteins, the α-helix and the β-strand, and potential properties of these hypothetical peptides are discussed.


The strong temperature dependence of the elastic limits for the two prismatic slip systems in tellurium single crystals is analysed. A Peierls model of lattice-dislocations interaction is proposed on the basis of both electron microscopy observations and orientation dependence of compression tests. For c glide, dissociation of screws on two or three {1010} prismatic planes accounts for the Peierls friction, which causes the Schmid's law not to be obeyed. In contrary, for a glide, Peierls forces might stem from the distortion of covalent helicoidal chains in the core of a dislocations. The importance of jog mechanisms is also discussed with a particular reference to the breaking of covalent bonds in that structure.

Les limites elastiques des deux systemes de glissement prismatique du tellure monocristalline dependent fortement de la temperature L'etude de l'influece de l'orientation ainsique des observations en microscopie electronique mettent en evidence une forte interaction des dislocations avec le reseau cristallin. Pour le glissement c qui ne suit pas la loi de Schmid, on interprěte les forces de Peierls par une dissociation des vis dans deux ou trois plans prismatiques {1010}. Pour le glissement a, les forces de Peierls sont plutǒt dues a la distortion des chaines covalentes au niveau du coeur des dislocations a. On aborde egalement le probleme des crans qui est particulier dans la structure du tellure a cause des chaines covalentes.


The principle,"no additional punishment resulting from appeal",is a common one all over the world.In China, however,this principle goes against the trial supervision procedure in judicial practice so that the accused's right to appeal is weakened and it comes in vain. Therefore,the trial supervision procedure should be perfected with no additional punishment conditionally.Then the criminal law should endow the victims in the cases of public prosecution with right to appeal,equal to that of the accused.


Let S be a finite semigroup, a, b E S. When does there exist a finite semigroup T containing S such that a J b in T? This problem was posed to the second named author by John Rhodes in 1974. We show here that if a, b are regular, then such a semigroup T exists if and only if either a Jb in S, or a 0 SbS and b 0 SaS. We use this result to show that analgamnation bases for the class of finite semigroups have linearly ordered J-classes. 1. Preliminaries. For X any set, IXI denotes the cardinality of X and T(X) denotes the full transformation semigroup on X, acting on the right on X. If a e T(X), then p(a) denotes the rank of a, namely IXal. Let F be a field. Then we let Mn(F) denote the multiplicative monoid of all n x n matrices over F. If a E Mn(F), then p(a) denotes the rank of a. Let X be a set, with IXI = n. Then T(X) acts naturally on a vector space of dimension n over F. Thus T(X) embeds naturally into Mn (F). Moreover, this embedding preserves rank. Let S be a semigroup. If a, b E S, then we write aIb (a divides b) if b E SlaS1, i.e., if 4 1, Received by the editors December 12, 1984. 1980 Mathmatics Su&ject Clawifiatiom Primary 20M10. @1985 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/85 $1.00 + $.25 per page


The Epithelial Na+ Channel (ENaC) plays a key role in the regulation of blood pressure and airways function. ERp29 is a thioredoxin‐homologous endoplasmic reticulum protein of 29kD (ERp29) that has only a single Cys instead of the usual thioredoxin motif. Our group has previously observed that ERp29 promotes trafficking of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR). Based on the similarities of CFTR and ENaC trafficking, we hypothesized that ERp29 would also promote ENaC trafficking. In Xenopus oocytes, co‐injection of ERp29 cRNA increased ENaC functional expression compared with oocytes injected with αβγENaC alone. To test this in epithelial cells, we selected MDCK cell lines that stably overexpress αβγENaC and have inducible expression of either wt ERp29 or C157S ERp29; we expect the C157S mutation to disrupt ERp29 function. In Ussing chamber experiments, increased wt ERp29 expression caused an increase in amiloride‐sensitive Isc, or ENaC functional expression. In contrast, increased C157S ERp29 expression decreased amiloride‐sensitive Isc. These opposite effects correlated with the influence of wt or C157S ERp29 on the whole cell expression of βENaC and the cleaved form of γENaC. Overexpression of wt ERp29 increased the expression of βENaC and the cleaved form of γENaC, while C157S ERp29 decreased expression of these species. These data support the hypothesis that ERp29 can regulate ENaC functional expression, and that C157 may be a critical in this regulation.


The invention relates to a full-automatic body-turning nursing bed, which comprises a bedstead, a combined bed board, a standing-sitting device, a side turning device, a defecating device, a leg bending device, a water box device and an electronic control system, wherein a front bed board, a back bed board, a left side turning board and a right side turning board are adopted to be combined into the bed board; operations of standing-sitting and body turning are respectively completed by a standing-sitting motor and a body turning motor; a defecating seat cover is adopted, and a seat cover moving motor and a seat cover lifting motor are sequentially operated to open and close a defecating box; a water spray head and a drying head are additionally arranged to flush and dry the nursing bed after a patient defecates; and by matching with supply water temperature control, drying temperature control, wind source control, leg bending control, head washing control and manual-automatic switching control, the nursing body integrally and simultaneously satisfies the operation requirements of standing-sitting, body turning, leg bending and urine-excrement cleaning of the patient. The full-automatic body-turning nursing bed has the advantages of compact structure, high automation degree, convenience in operation and use, and sanitation and safety during the use of the patient, and is suitable for being used by various bedridden patients.


The utility model relates to a microwave firing furnace with a turntable for firing various ceramics. A furnace body is of an rectangular box in shape, and the interior of a hearth is square; the inner lower surface of the furnace body is provided with a round turntable driven by a rotating shaft, two rails are laid on the round turntable, and a circular support frame with rolling wheels is arranged below the turntable; the upper end of the rotating shaft is directly connected with the turntable, and the lower end is connected with a servo motor by a triangular pulley; the two rails on the round turntable keep the same rail distance with a rail on a feed-preparing layer bracket wheel vehicle outside the furnace and have the same absolute height so that the feed-preparing layer bracket wheel vehicle can be pushed to a hearth mouth to be abutted with the same; the circular support frame is internally provided with the metal rolling wheels, and the round turntable rotates to drive the circular support frame to freely rotate in a circular notch in the furnace body. Compared with a traditional coal-burning furnace, an oil-burning furnace and a gas-burning furnace, the microwave firing furnace adopting the technical scheme rapidly and uniformly heats and saves the electricity by 30 percent to 50 percent.


This paper describes a basic framework for cognitive and collaborative navigation of small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (sUAVs) with a focus on operation in challenging environments where GNSS performance may be deteriorated or even unavailable. The basic framework is based on a dynamic decision system where swarm members, a.k.a. agents, collect local sensor data and data from other agents in the swarm, to estimate the absolute and relative pose state of the swarm and its members and, hence, get better situational awareness to make decision that maintain safety but also satisfy the mission objectives. The paper discusses one possible way to integrate this swarm information using factor graphs and non-linear solvers. Simulation results will show the initial effectiveness of this method within the current architecture. The paper will, furthermore, describe the hardware and software architecture of the TU Berlin swarm test sUAVs and focus on the common GNSS, IMU, range radio board (SwarmEx) that forms the common core of the platforms' sensor payloads. Some initial results of the range radio performance will be included as well. Finally, the flight test environment will be described.


Comparative studies have demonstrated that running is the greatest stimulus to exercise-induced asthma (EIA) and is the preferred laboratory test model to examine EIA and its modifications. Swimming provokes least EIA and is the exercise of choice for asthmatics. The frequency and magnitude of EIA produced by running is not altered by regular swimming training.


Gaspar de Texeda's Primero Libro de cartas mensageras en estilo cortesano (1547-1553) is usually taken as a "not too serious" manual, and thus, it has a low place in the history of epistolography. This assessment does not come from a rigorous study of the work, but from the consolidation of prejudices defended by secretaries professionally and personally hostile to the author and to his writing style. The invectives exchanged between Texeda, Torquemada and Yciar in their respective manuals, illustrate well the different styles each one defended, as well as the debate taking place around the vernacular episolography.


We report electronic structure calculations for Ta$_2$PdS$_5$, which is a layered superconductor containing heavy elements and displaying an upper critical field, $H_{c2}(0)$, $\sim$3 times higher than the estimated Pauli limit. We show that this is a multiband superconductor that is most likely in the strong coupling regime. This provides an alternative explanation to strong spin orbit scattering for the high upper critical field.


In the paper the exact pair theorem for the ω-enumeration degrees is proved. As a corollary an exact pair theorem involving the jump operation for the enumeration degrees is obtained. Mathematics subject classification: 03D30


The development of adhesives that can achieve robust and repeatable adhesion to various surfaces underwater is promising; however, this remains a major challenge primarily because the surface hydration layer weakens the interfacial molecular interactions. Herein, a strategy is proposed to develop tough hydrogels that are robust, reusable, and long‐lasting for underwater adhesion. Hydrogels from cationic and aromatic monomers with an aromatic‐rich composition inspired by the amino acid residuals in barnacle cement proteins are synthesized. The hydrogels are mechanically strong and tough (elastic modulus 0.35 MPa, fracture stress 1.0 MPa, and fracture strain 720%), owing to the interchain π–π and cation–π interactions. In water, the hydrogels firmly adhere to diverse surfaces through interfacial electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions (adhesion strength of 180 kPa), which allows for instant adhesion and reversibility (50 times). Moreover, the hydrogel shows long‐lasting adhesion in water for months (100 days). Novel adhesive hydrogels may be useful in many applications, including underwater transfer, water‐based devices, underwater repair, and underwater soft robots.


The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of artificial neural network (ANN) for prediction of pavement deterioration for low volume roads in India. This paper summarizes the implementation of a pavement condition prediction methodology using ANN for three individual ANN models to forecast cracking, raveling and rutting for low volume roads (LVR) in India. Road inventory data as well as five cycles of pavement performance data (pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and during winter season) including various pavement distresses, subgrade characterization and traffic data have been collected from 61 in-service LVR pavement sections in 2004, 2005 and 2006 and each individual ANN model was tested using this data. The timely identification of undesirable cracks, raveling and rutting conditions is a critical step in pavement management at network level. The modeling results suggest that the ANN models developed in the study satisfactorily forecast future cracking, raveling and rutting. The performance of the ANN models is also compared with calibrated HDM-4 models using LVR validation sections in the study area.


The article provides a review and literary analysis of Ukrainian writer Leonid Poltava's stories for children's reading. Attention is focused on the main ideas of his stories and special features of the main characters.


A new method to prepare polyanhydride microspheres, namely via solvent removal, is presented. Polyanhydrides composed of the following diacids were used: sebacic acid (SA), bis(p-carboxy-phenoxy) propane (CPP), and dodecanedioic acid (DD). Polymers were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, viscosity, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Drug release was affected by polymer composition, physical properties of the microspheres, and type of drug. The potential for injectable microspheres (size range 1–300 μm) made of copolymer (CPP-SA 50:50), as biodegradable polymer carriers for the controlled release of insulin in treating diabetes mellitus, was assessed. Both 5% and 10% w/w insulin-loaded microspheres were prepared. The 10% loaded microspheres produced the best clinical response, demonstrating five days of urine glucose control and four days of serum glucose control in diabetic rats.


M rs. Betts scraped egg remnants from the frying pan and filled it with water. Mr. Betts hummed the theme from Camelot in the bathroom. She gazed out the window as she scrubbed, watching two cardinals flit through the canopy of the Siberian elm. In all my born days. The phrase hung in her mind, a talisman conjured up from the depths of memory. From where? What did it protect her from? She rinsed the pan and placed it in the dish drainer. Now Mr. Betts mixed in words from Oklahoma, mangling the melody as he went. Mrs. Betts had never cared for her husband's singing, humming, or whistling—he missed the notes by crucial half-steps, and his rhythm was irregular. She wiped her hands and stepped into the hallway to shush him. The sound stopped suddenly. There was a grunt and the dry, sliding sound of fabric against wall. Mr. Betts lay slumped against the bathtub, his head lolling as if he'd nodded off. His right hand gripped the tube of toothpaste, which had left a white, sticky trail from sink to floor. "Harry!" She shook him by the shoulders. His fingers loosened. The tube dropped to the floor.


This paper discusses about a grid feeder line connected to distribution system with multiple renewable sources injecting power to the grid. In previous researches renewable sources are interconnected to only micro grid system which feed only local loads. More over only a single type of renewable source is interconnected. In this paper renewable sources like PVA, wind farm and fuel cell which are considered as distribution generation units are interconnected to the grid at distribution voltage level for sharing of power to the loads. Novel MPPT techniques for maximum power extraction from the renewable sources are considered which include fuzzy MPPT and voltage feedback oriented control.Converters and controllers for the renewable sources are modeled for synchronization to grid voltage with proposed novel SRF method. A comparative analysis is considered of the given feeder test system without and with the DG units connected at three different buses. The renewable power sharing to the loads reduces the power consumed from the main grid. All the voltage and power graphs are compared for different operating conditions and are validated in this paper using MATLAB Simulink software with time domain plotted graphs.


Purpose: We report a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy following the removal of a dislocated IOL and scleral fixation of a new IOL. Methods: A 60-year-old man presented with sudden visual loss of the right eye. An ophthalmologic examination revealed IOL dislocation. He underwent removal of the dislocated IOL and scleral fixation of the new IOL. Visual acuity was 0.02 in the right eye on the second postoperative day. A fundus examination and fluorescein angiography were performed. Results: A peripapillary multiple cotton wool spot, pale macula and cherry red spot were noted in the right eye. Fluorescein angiography showed arteriolar obstruction around the macula and leakage of the mild arteriolar fluorescein dye. At one month follow-up, macular edema, hemorrhage and peripapillary cotton wool spots were increased. Conclusions: This case of Purtscher-like retinopathy following scleral fixation of the IOL did not have any obvious etiologic cause.


Objective To investigate the effects of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on the vertebral artery blood flow of patients with vertebro-basilar insufficiency (VBI) using color duplex sonography (CDS). Materials and Methods The study included 21 patients with VBI (aged 31-76; mean 61.0 ± 10.5 yrs). We administered a 50 mg oral dose of sildenafil citrate to all patients. Next, we measured the peak systolic velocity (Vmax), end diastolic velocity (Vmin), resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), diameter, area, and flow volume (FV) of vertebral arteries using CDS before the administration of sildenafil citrate; 45 minutes after, and 75 minutes after administration. Statistical testing was performed using SPSS for windows version 11.0. The statistical test used to determine the outcome of the analysis was the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results Compared to the baseline values, the vertebral artery diameter, area, and FV increased significantly following the administration of sildenafil citrate. The diameter, area and FV increased from 3.39 mm at 45 minutes to 3.64 mm at 75 minutes, 9.43 cm2 to 10.80 cm2 at 45 minutes and 10.81 cm2 at 75 minutes, as well as from 0.07 L/min at baseline to 0.09 L/min at 45 minutes and unchanged at 75 minutes, respectively. Conclusion Sildenafil citrate elicited a significant effect on vertebral artery diameter, area and FVs.


Healthy aging leads to a significant decline in episodic memory, producing a reduction in thelikelihood of successful recollection, such that older adults remember less than younger adults.Emerging evidence from behavioral and neuroimaging studies demonstrate that recollectedinformation can also be more or less precise, highlighting a source of variability in memoryperformance not typically considered in studies of aging. Consequently, it is unknown whetherolder adults, compared to younger adults, only show a significant reduction in recollection rate or also exhibit a decline in recollection precision. Here, we provide new insight into age-relatedmemory decline by employing a novel source task that allows us to examine both the quantity(rate) and quality (precision) of episodic memory retrieval. First, we validated our task,demonstrating that it can effectively capture variability in both the rate and precision in olderadults. Second, we directly compared younger and older adults' performance as a function ofstudy-test delay, showing significant reductions in both the rate and precision of recollectionwith age. Finally, we asked whether age-related changes in recollection can be accounted for bya reduction in attention, revealing that the division of attention in young adults results in areduction in rate but shows little evidence for a change in precision. Our results raise questionsabout the nature of age-related memory decline, highlighting the importance of measuring boththe quality and quantity of memory, and suggest new routes to achieve the early detection anddiagnosis of abnormal aging deficits.


An automated vehicle is supposed to merge into the major street of a T-intersection, while disturbing the ongoing traffic as little as possible. At the same time, different requirements regarding its driving strategy have to be fulfilled with respect to safety, comfort and energy conditions. It is desirable to enable a fluent automated drive and to avoid stopping during the approach at all. We implemented an agent-based simulation using the Kerner-Klenov model in framework of the three-phase traffic theory. Using a high number of interacting vehicles leads to a multi-agent system (MAS). A normal distributed free flow parameter based on empirical traffic data is introduced and serves as an input parameter to the simulations. The simulations output yield temporal headway development-statistics, which enables a prediction of the traffic situation on the major street. This allows the automated vehicle to adjust its speed in preparation of merging into the best possible gap considering the above-mentioned requirements. Hence, taking these statistics into account helps to optimise the driving strategy of the automated vehicle.


Thousands of pregnant women are exposed to arsenic (As), which has been shown to lead to a higher risk of maternal and infant morbidity. We hypothesized that As‐induced modifications to the humoral immune system may be partly responsible, and examined the relationship between As and immunoglobulin G (IgG).


Two microscopically distinguishable components (designated soft and firm) of a human testicular germ cell tumor with borderline histology between seminoma, embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor, were maintained as xenografts in nude mice for over 20 passages. Levels of beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐HCG) and of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) were normal in the patient's serum and were undetectable by immunohistochemical studies of the surgical specimen. The xenografted soft part, however, with morphologic characteristics of an embryonal carcinoma, secreted β‐HCG and AFP during early passages. The firm variant, histologically resembling a seminoma, did not produce these markers. Chromosomal and flow cytophotometric analyses showed genetic differences between the clonally stable variants. A common origin, however, is indicated by two similar marker chromosomes present in both variants. Cancer 58:139–146, 1986.


This paper reports the preparation of auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluid and studied its impact behavior under low-velocity impact loading. The shear thickening fluids have been prepared by mechanically dispersing 12 nm silica particles with weight fraction of 10, 15, 20, and 25% in various carriers (PEG200, PEG400, and PEG600). Rheological results indicate that shear thickening fluid experiences shear thickening transition at a specific shear rate. The critical shear rate reduces, and initial viscosity and maximum viscosity increase with the increase of silica weight fraction. The higher molecular weight of polyethylene glycols can lead to lower critical shear rate. The impact process of composite under impact loading can be divided into three stages. The warp-knitted spacer fabric with different negative Poisson's ratio has a significant effect on the impact behavior. The warp-knitted spacer fabric with better auxetic performance endows composite better impact resistance, the specific performance is the deformation depth, and energy absorption and peak load increase with the increase of auxetic effect of fabric. The silica weight fraction of shear thickening fluid can increase the energy absorption of composite due to the shear thickening transition of shear thickening fluid. Shear thickening fluid has a synergistic effect with the auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabric on impact resistance of composite. The various carriers have no obvious influence on the overall energy absorption and impact load of composites.


The development of shale gas is facing such environmental risks as water pollution,air pollution and climate risk of methane leakage,which have not even been resolved in USA.In order to avoid and reduce these risks as much as possible,while the exploration and exploitation of shale gas in China is still in small scale,it is urgent to conduct research on potential environmental and climate risks and their impacts,to learn experiences from other countries,to establish environmental regulatory system towards shale gas,and promote scientifically the green and low-carbon development of shale gas industry.


A positive definite quadratic form is called perfect, if it is uniquely determined by its arithmetical minimum and the integral vectors attaining it. In this self-contained survey we explain how to enumerate perfect forms in $d$ variables up to arithmetical equivalence and scaling. We put an emphasis on practical issues concerning computer assisted enumerations. For the necessary theory of Voronoi we provide complete proofs based on Ryshkov polyhedra. This allows a very natural generalization to $T$-perfect forms, which are perfect with respect to a linear subspace $T$ in the space of quadratic forms. Important examples include Gaussian, Eisenstein and Hurwitz quaternionic perfect forms, for which we present new classification results in dimensions $8,10$ and 12.


The idea of developing this project arose from the need to create an establishment where the Ecuadorian culture promotes a welcoming environment for customers. Being a cafe, the perfect place for this project, we seek the merger of two cultures: the Parisian and Ecuadorian. The first will be essential as a basis for decoration while the second is the culture that is made known to customers as this is the purpose of the cafeteria.
Therefore the main objective of this project is to conduct feasibility studies for the creation of a Parisian and Ecuadorian cafe. These studies includes: marketing research, technical and financial studies. In the marketing study the following was considered: the preferences, needs and frequency of respondents at the time of going to any cafe; that information helped develop the technical study as: location, decor and services we offer as will.
Finally, the financial study was projected for five years to see the profitability of the project and it was concluded from this study there are positive indexes for creating this cafe and whose objective is to drive the Ecuadorian culture through various activities in a friendly atmosphere.


Hill et al. ( [1][1] ) estimated that a deficit of 100 kcal/day could prevent weight gain in most of the U.S. population. Based on an average 8-year weight gain of 14 to 16 pounds, or 1.8 to 2 pounds/year, in adults enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study and


This paper describes the history, development, and current operation of USGBC and LEED, particularly with regard to energy efficiency in commercial buildings, the subsector in which LEED has had its greatest impact. The narrative situates "green building" in a political as well as a business context. While USGBC may well have been "the right idea at the right time," its leaders skillfully seized both political and business opportunities. The paper returns in the later sections to the role of LEED in future efforts to improve building energy efficiency, which may be perceived with greater clarity once its past and present are better understood.


Nephritis is a challenging domain of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is a growing need for identification of a non-invasive marker for diagnosing and monitoring nephritis.

 To explore the relevance of using anti-ficolin-2 antibody (Anti-FCN2) as a biomarker for detecting lupus nephritis (LN), and its relation to renal biopsy histopathology and disease activity.

 Sixty SLE patients were compared to 30 apparently healthy individuals. Thirty of the patients were LN patients (documented by a recent renal biopsy). Full history, examination and laboratory investigations were done. Activity was assessed by SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) score, and Anti-FCN2 titer was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique (ELISA).

 Forty-four of our SLE patients were in disease activity by SLEDAI score. Anti-FCN2 titer was significantly higher among SLE patients compared to control group (p value <0.001). It was also higher among patients with high disease activity compared to those with low disease activity and cutoff value was at 37 ng/ml (p value is < 0.001). AntiFCN2 titer was significantly higher among patients with LN compared to those without LN (p value is < 0.001) with best cutoff value at 72.50 ng/ml. Regarding LN patients, it was significantly higher among patients with proliferative changes than LN patients with non-proliferative changes (p value is 0.05) with best cutoff value at 155 ng/ml.

 Anti-FCN2 shows promising results as a biomarker for lupus disease activity, especially regarding LN and proliferative changes. Further longitudinal studies on larger samples are needed to confirm.


In the last 10 years, Telcordia has conducted numerous first-order PMD (polarization mode dispersion) measurements of installed optical fibers at various locations throughout North America. The measurements were made by using test instruments based on interferometric method. This work has been reported in detail in the past NFOEC symposia. The results have been analyzed with respect to various cable designs, type of outside plant, year of manufacture, and cable manufacturers. Recently, Telcordia has had the opportunity to make additional PMD measurements on previously characterized optical fibers. The new Telcordia measurements were made by using test instruments based on four measurement techniques. The recent PMD measurements include equipment that uses the following PMD measurement techniques: wavelength scanning (fixed analyzer) with cycle counting, Jones matrix eigenanalysis, wavelength scanning (fixed analyzer) with Fourier transform, and interferometry. According to TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) inter-laboratory round-robin PMD tests, the four methods above yield systematic and random disagreement between measurements of within /spl plusmn/ 10 % to /spl plusmn/ 20 %. This variability is stated as state-of-the-art by TIA/EIA in their FOTPs (fiber optic test procedures) describing PMD measurement methods. The new Telcordia PMD measurements are expected to provide significant additional insight as to the relationship between the four PMD test methods listed above and help contribute to the general understanding of the major approaches to modern PMD measurement techniques.


Amoeboid locomotion is one of the typical modes of biological cell migration. Cytoplasmic sol–gel conversion of an actomyosin system is thought to play an important role in locomotion. However, the mechanisms underlying sol–gel conversion, including trigger, signal, and regulating factors, remain unclear. We developed a novel model system in which an actomyosin fraction moves like an amoeba in a cytoplasmic extract. Rheological study of this model system revealed that the actomyosin fraction exhibits shear banding: the sol–gel state of actomyosin can be regulated by shear rate or mechanical force. Furthermore, study of the living cell indicated that the shear-banding property also causes sol–gel conversion with the same order of magnitude as that of shear rate. Our results suggest that the inherent sol–gel transition property plays an essential role in the self-regulation of autonomous translational motion in amoeba.


Abstract A crystallographic theory has been proposed that takes into account an elastic matching of the polydomain (twinned) phases and allows to predict an evolution and interchange of three phases in perovskite-type ferroelectric single crystals. A diagram connecting these phases with the possible domain structures and their reconstruction has been discussed.


The Challenge A facility's light ing and w ater usage are often overlooked by plant managers and facility engineers. They search for more " obvious" conservat ion opportunit ies in heat ing, air condit ioning, compressed air, boilers, etc. Lights are overhead and taken for granted. Water is usually hidden inside equipment, f ixtures, plumbing and w alls or f loors. Both of these resources often go unnoticed. This case study tells how the University of Illinois Sustainable Technology Center (ISTC) w orked w ith Highland Machine to assess potent ial savings in common commodit ies such as lights and w ater. Armed w ith this know ledge, perhaps other companies and the general public can spaw n change in the w ay they operate.


Abstract|ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND THE EF- FECT ON HAJI JAMA'AT DEPARTURE IN WEST JAVA PROVINCE Dwi Novianti Undergraduate Program, Direc- torate of Business and Entrepreneurship Diploma Program, 2010 Gunadarma University http://www.gunadarma.ac.id Keywords: In ation, Economic Indicators, Jemaah Haji, West Java, Growth Economic (X + 32 pages + 2 attach- ments) ABSTRACT In this scienti c writing, entitled "Eco- nomic Indicators And Its In uence On The departure of Hajj pilgrims in the province of West Java." The author would like to know how big the in uence of in ation and economic growth of the number of pilgrims departure of West Java and one which is most in uential indicator of the number of pilgrims departure in this Barat. Writing Java province using the data rate of in ation, economic growth data, and data pilgrims Java West for the period 2000-2008, for data analysis using multiple linear regressions and mul- tiple linear correlations, calculated using the program SPSS 16. The results of analysis by SPSS obtained equation is as follows: 11681.158 3604.827 240 254 . Any increase in in ation will reduce the number of Haj pilgrims depar- ture of 240,254 and any increase in economic growth will increase the number of Haj pilgrims departure of 3604,827. As for the value of coecient determine economic growth of 30.6


Background: Information regarding the tobacco habits inpatients visiting Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) DentalCollege and Hospital is scarce. Therefore, development andbetter implementation of the tobacco cessation initiativescan be undertaken with the knowledge of the tobacco useamong patients.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, questionnairebasedstudy was conducted among the outpatients of MGMDental College and Hospital from July to September, 2012.Questions regarding the form of tobacco used, frequency,duration and attitude toward stopping its consumption wereasked. Statistical analysis was carried out using descriptivestatistics and chi-square tests using Statistical Software package(SPSS) version 17.Results: 314/505 (62.1%) of the patients reported of tobaccouse. Majority 162/314 (51.6%) of the patients used smokelesstobacco in which mishri and gutkha were mostly consumed.Work pressure was the common 100/314 (31.8%) cause oftobacco use. More than half the patients had tried to quit thehabit and showed awareness toward its adverse effects on oraland general health.Conclusion: Tobacco use has become an important concerndue to its growing addiction among all age groups and gender.It is imperative to understand the psychosocial ideology andpattern of tobacco use among the patients in order to effectivelycounsel and motivate them to stop the habit.


The paper is devoted to one of the most difficult questions of the marine protected areas (MPAs) designing their size. In tropical shallow-water environment large-scale MPAs are preferable in most cases, but in temperate waters medium-scale. As an example the Far East Marine Biosphere Reserve is considered; its space is about 640 sq. km which is regarded as a rather adequate in the context of effectiveness in solving the tasks facing the Reserve. The special attention is paid to a cluster structure of the Reserve, which makes it possible to speak about a kind of MPA network in the Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea). As for the deep-sea MPAs are concerned, their sizes in most cases depend on an individual MPA and a habitat under protection (hydrothermal vents, sea mountains, cold gas seeps or cold-water coral communities).


Governance of Tertiary Education Systems (TES) in Somalia and how the system of coordination described by Clark (1983) which tries to introduce order of the three dominating forces of educational system: "the state, the market and oligarchy", is examined in this paper. How comparatively Higher Education Systems (HES) is structured, or inadvertently coordinated, arranged and rearranged since the formal Higher Education (HE) has been introduced into Somali nation state will also be examined from a vantage point of whether this trend is in line with other nations' conventional TES. In the first twenty years, the dynamic system of coordination, which according to Clark introduces order into the three dominating forces of the Somali educational system, could not have been possible, as only the state owned and bank-rolled all Higher Education Institutions (HEI) that existed at the time. Thus the "academic oligarchy and the market" took a secondary role. The incentive of job guarantees for the new graduates by the authority made difficult to estimate the 'quality of the education', which in turn, could have compromised their ability and efficiency in their professional contexts. In post-conflict Somalia, the higher education system has dramatically increased with over one hundred universities now open throughout the country with no or little regulations. This time round though, the other two educational forces, the market and oligarchy are playing pivotal roles while that of the government has disappeared. Over the years since the collapse of the state in 1991, the national government's influence decreased ceding so much higher education space, to the five Federal Member States (FMSs). Thus, the situation fits with Clark's dynamic model showing that it is a system capable of reflecting upon ongoing change within the overall socio-political situation. What seems to be developing in the Somali higher education context therefore, is a system in which each force is autonomous with no clear goals shared within the larger structure. As for tertiary education in general, complemented by the rapidly changing world of work, the consensus is 'Having the right qualifications, in the right subjects, from the right institutions' that will benefit all sectors of the economy. It is with that in mind that the disparity between the way in which HE is delivered and the world of work is also examined in this paper. If this important complementarity is not analyzed in the current situation of Somalia, it could pose huge problematic consequences for tertiary education in the country. It is the case that HEIs did not give deserved attention to job market demands as they hardly study that to better serve the needs of employers. collaborative initiatives between the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MoEHE) and the private sector to support HE is being examined in the final part of this paper.


In this paper, using Bangladesh as an example, I discuss the unique economic and socio-political factors that give rise to minimal social auditing and maximum monetary satisfaction for Transnational Companies. I suggest that for improved labor practices to gain momentum, there is a requirement of ideological change relating to the notions of free markets and privity of contracts with help of bilateral treaties between home and host countries to take care of contingencies arising out of the factory supply chain business model.


A probe array consisting of three emissive and one cylindrical probe was developed for edge plasma measurements in ISTTOK. The emissive probes measure the plasma potential, Φpl, independently of electron drifts or electron temperature fluctuations. The probe array has the advantage of to record the density, the poloidal and radial electric field, and their fluctuations simultaneously. Radial plasma profiles were recorded with and without negative edge biasing with an emissive electrode. The statistical properties of the poloidal electric field and of the turbulent particle flux, measured with cold and emissive probes, were compared. Both the root mean square of the poloidal electric field and the fluctuations‐induced particle flux were found to be significantly larger when measured with the emissive probes, indicating that temperature fluctuations are important for the particle flux determination. The flux distribution was also found to be more peaked and asymmetric when measured with the emissive probes....


The classical theory of acidbase titration feasibility is based on the endpoint error, with the equilibrium concentration Csp of weak acid and its dissociation constant Ka to attribute the titration feasibility, and solicit CspKa≥10 8 as the criterion of the titration reaction feasibility. But this viewpoint is unilateral. Only the acidbase titration feasibility deriving from the observation error of terminal point has practical significance, i.e., the criterion of the feasibility of acidbase titration reaction is CspKt≥10 6 according to theoretical analysis and calculation, in which Kt is the equilibrium constant of titration reaction.


In this paper, a new design of converter transformer is described. The new converter transformer is provided with self-coupled compensated and shielding harmonic by displacing the compensated equipment to the inner windings for shielding the harmonic in both sides of the converter transformer windings efficiently. The new converter transformer can overcome a series of problems caused by VAR power and harmonic, and the load-loss of converter transformer is reduced greatly.


A computer model coded in Visual Basic and based on the chemical reaction rules of cement hydration reactions was able to predict reasonably the chemical shrinkage and heat of hydration of hydrating cement pastes containing 0 – 20% Sugarcane Waste Fiber Ash (SWFA), and also the 28 day compressive strength values of concrete containing 0 – 20% SWFA by weight of the total binder. 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND MODEL CREATION APPROACH The computer model "SWFAHYD" was developed to analyze hydration of pozzolanic cement containing sugarcane waste fiber ash (SWFA) partially replacing Portland cement by weight percentages of between 0 and 20 percent, with a water binder ration of 0.53. It was intended to be able to predict the heat of hydration, chemical shrinkage and the strength of resulting concrete mixes made of cement pastes containing SWFA. The steps in creation of the hydration model, together with experimental interrelations were partially based on work done by Bentz [1]. As summarized in the flow chart Figure 1, the model uses SWFA-Cement oxides from chemical analyses previously carried out in the study to calculate the primary cement phases after which it proceeds to carry out the reactions and predict the final quantities of the cement phases at the chosen age of the cement paste. For the model the chosen paste age is decided upon by the user, between 1 hour and 24 hours after mixing. From these final quantities of the cement phases, heat of hydration and chemical shrinkage are calculated. Based on the chemical shrinkage, the tensile strengths of the resulting concrete mixes are also calculated, as illustrated schematically in Figure 1. Figure 1 Flow diagram summarising the modeling program for predicting heat of hydration and chemical shrinkage of SWFACement paste, and tensile strength International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 10, Issue 4, April 2020 598 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.10.04.2020.p10067 www.ijsrp.org The model outputs were then compared with the corresponding laboratory results of tensile splitting, heat of hydration and chemical shrinkage. Details of the model are outlined in later sections of this document. Model Cement Phases 12 cement phases were considered in the model, namely; 1. Tricalcium Silicate (C3S) 2. Dicalcium Silicate (C2S) 3. Tricalcium Aluminate (C3A) 4. Tetracalcium Alumino Ferrite (C4AF) 5. Gypsum (CSH2) 6. Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C1.7SH4) 7. Ettringite (C6AS3H32) 8. Monosulfate (C4ASH12) 9. Hydrogarnet (C3AH6) 10. Calcium Hydroxide (CH) 11. Iron Hydroxide (FH3) 12. Water (H) Table 1 summarizes properties of these initial phases [1] Table 1 Selected properties of minerals contained in cement [1] Name of Mineral Chemists Notation Chemical Formula Molar Mass (g/mole) Molar Volume (cm/mole) Heat of Formation (kJ/mole) Density (Mg/m) Tricalcium Silicate C3S 3CaO. SiO2 228.33 71.00 -2,927.82 3.21 Dicalcium Silicate C2S 2CaO. SiO2 172.25 52.00 -2,311.60 3.28 Tricalcium Aluminate C3A 3CaO.Al2O3 270.20 89.10 -3,587.80 3.03 Tetracalcium Alumino Ferrite C4AF 4CaO.Al2O3. Fe2O3 485.96 128.00 -5,090.30 3.73 Gypsum CSH2 CaO. SiO2.2H2O 152.20 74.20 -2,022.60 2.32 Calcium Silicate Hydrate C1.7SH4 1.7 CaO. SiO2.4 H2O 227.49 108.00 -3,283.00 2.12 Calcium Hydroxide CH CaO. H2O 74.10 33.10 -986.10 2.24 Ettringite C6AS3H32 6 CaO. Al2O3.3 SiO2.32H2O 1,195.22 735.00 -17,539.00 1.70 Monosulfate C4ASH12 4 CaO. Al2O3. SiO2.12H2O 602.56 313.00 -8,778.00 1.99 Hydrogarnet C3AH6 3 CaO. Al2O3. 6H2O 378.30 150.00 -5,548.00 2.52 Iron Hydroxide FH3 Fe2O3.3H2O 213.73 69.80 -823.90 3.00 Water H H2O 18.02 18.00 -285.83 1.00 International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 10, Issue 4, April 2020 599 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.10.04.2020.p10067 www.ijsrp.org Pure SWFA and pure cement samples had been analyzed for chemical composition using XRF. Chemical Processes The main phases at the start of the reaction were created using the Bogue calculation. An adjustment was made on these equations to cater for gypsum by deducting 0.7xSO3 from the total CaO [2]. SO3 is considered in the Bogue calculation because it is a component of gypsum (CaO.SO3.2H2O), one of the main cement phases. Other oxides e.g. TiO2, Na2O and K2O are not components of the main cement phases thus are not considered in the Bogue calculation. The oxides used as model inputs were derived from chemical analyses of the cement and the ash separately. Oxides percentages for the SWFA-Cement mixes (ie 4, 8, 12, 16 & 20%) were calculated from the laboratory determined oxides percentages of the pure SWFA and pure cement. Table 2 gives these percentages. Table 2 Percentage of oxides in various samples used as inputs to the model % Cement Replacement SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO Na2O K2O TiO2 MnO Fe2O3 SO3 LOI TOTAL 0% 17.96 4.07 60.87 4.00 0.23 0.48 0.08 0.05 2.93 2.60 5.82 99.09 4% 19.92 4.26 58.55 3.87 0.24 0.55 0.11 0.08 3.01 2.51 5.96 99.06 8% 21.88 4.45 56.24 3.74 0.25 0.62 0.14 0.11 3.08 2.42 6.10 99.03 12% 23.84 4.64 53.92 3.61 0.25 0.69 0.17 0.13 3.16 2.34 6.24 99.01 16% 25.81 4.83 51.61 3.48 0.26 0.76 0.20 0.16 3.24 2.25 6.38 98.98 20% 27.77 5.02 49.29 3.35 0.27 0.83 0.23 0.19 3.31 2.16 6.52 98.95 100% 67.00 8.82 2.98 0.75 0.42 2.25 0.83 0.75 4.85 0.40 9.34 98.39 The modeling of the chemical reactions involved in the hydration process was then carried out. Results of the chemical analyses initially carried out formed the inputs into this process. The model sought to predict the hydration reactions in the first 24 hours after the preparation of the cement mix pastes. Four main phases in cement were considered at the start of the analysis. This was in line with Bogue's calculation. These are C3S, C2S, C3A, and C4AF. From the chemical notations, the most critical element is Calcium Oxide (Lime). The quantity of this was assumed to control the amount of hydration that will occur since the w/c ratio of 0.53 more than adequately provided for the water required for the hydration process. Due to the fairly high w/c ratio used in this study (0.53), it was assumed that there is sufficient water, since full hydration of cement requires a w/c ratio of about 0.25 [3]. The limiting components were therefore the other elements (phases) other than water. This is a simplistic approach because some of the water supplied as w/c ratio is known to be used for wetting the aggregates, among other uses, and therefore the exact amount of water available for the hydration would be less than the 0.53 provided. Reaction Rules The following rules were adopted by model SWFAHYD in carrying out the reactions: Reactants shared by more than one reaction Reactants in this discussion refer to the phases that react and are consumed to produce other phases refered to as products. At the start of the hydration process, the main reactants are C3S, C2S, C3A, C4AF and H, then later in the reactions; CSH2 and C6AS3H32. Table 3 Relative quantities allocated to reactions sharing phases Reaction Percentage Allocated C3A Sharing Reactions C3A + 6H → C3AH6 89% International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 10, Issue 4, April 2020 600 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.10.04.2020.p10067 www.ijsrp.org C3A + 3CSH2 + 26H → C6AS3H32 10% 2C3A + C6AS3H32 + 4H → 3C4ASH12 1% C4AF Sharing Reactions C4AF + 3CSH2 + 30H → C6AS3H32 + CH + FH3 5% 2C4AF + C6AS3H32 + 12H → 3C4ASH12 + 2CH + 2FH3 5% C4AF + 10H → C3AH6 + CH + FH3 90% CSH2 Sharing Reactions C3A + 3CSH2 + 26H → C6AS3H32 95% C4AF + 3CSH2 + 30H → C6AS3H32 + CH + FH3 5% C6AS3H32 Sharing Reactions 2C3A + C6AS3H32 + 4H → 3C4ASH12 90% 2C4AF + C6AS3H32 + 12H → 3C4ASH12 + 2CH + 2FH3 10% Reactions were carried out in reverse in the model such that the products took molar quantities of the respective limiting reactants. The user inputs the desired age of the paste at the stage of entering values for the initial oxides. The model then uses this to calculate the phase quantities at the chosen time, by limiting the amount of reaction that occurs. This, the model does by calculating and allowing only a fraction of the initial cementing phases to react. The value of the fraction is given by Equation 1.


This article is devoted to sociological estimation of the network model of profile education in Omsk region. The author gives a system of indicators to examine this innovation. Sociological evaluation shows that network model of profile education satisfies educational needs of pupils. The effectiveness of a new educational form is analyzed among pupils with different level of start resources.


The NPM package repository contains over two million packages and serves tens of billions of downloads per-week. Nearly every single JavaScript application uses the NPM package manager to install packages from the NPM repository. NPM relies on a "semantic versioning" ('semver') scheme to maintain a healthy ecosystem, where bug-fixes are reliably delivered to downstream packages as quickly as possible, while breaking changes require manual intervention by downstream package maintainers. In order to understand how developers use semver, we build a dataset containing every version of every package on NPM and analyze the flow of updates throughout the ecosystem. We build a time-travelling dependency resolver for NPM, which allows us to determine precisely which versions of each dependency would have been resolved at different times. We segment our analysis to allow for a direct analysis of security-relevant updates (those that introduce or patch vulnerabilities) in comparison to the rest of the ecosystem. We find that when developers use semver correctly, critical updates such as security patches can flow quite rapidly to downstream dependencies in the majority of cases (90.09%), but this does not always occur, due to developers' imperfect use of both semver version constraints and semver version number increments. Our findings have implications for developers and researchers alike. We make our infrastructure and dataset publicly available under an open source license.


The action of acetyl chloride on 2-carboxy-7-hydroxychromanone-4 (I) gives rise to a compound with structure 2-chlorocarbonylmethane-3,6-diacetoxybenzo-(b)-furan (II). Chloride (II) was used to obtain amides IV--XI. Pharmacologic screening of chromanone derivatives showed strongest anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2,4-dichloroanilido)- and 2-cyclohexylamido-3,6-diacetoxybenzo-(b)-furan (compounds 9 and 10), and much weaker anti-inflammatory activity of the remaining compounds.


The cultural and institutional predominance of marriage in our society has lately been challenged by two important social trends: growing dissatisfaction with or indifference to marriage on the part of those eligible to marry, and the emergence of nontraditional families headed by adults who may wish to marry but are presently excluded from doing so. This essay argues that proactive law reformers have responded to these trends by taking two very different approaches. The first approach, "diversity of forms," is exemplified by the cultivation of alternatives to and substitutes for traditional marriage ranging from sameand opposite-sex domestic partnerships to commitment-intensive options like covenant marriage. The other approach, "equal inclusion," emphasizes broader access to regular marriage itself and is exemplified by the egalitarian, civil rights-focused, and deeply marriage-affirmative views of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court in Goodridge v. Dep't of Public Health. This essay goes on to contend that although these two reform approaches are quite different, they share a common vision of how the law of marriage and coupling should be shaped by the social reality of citizens' lives rather than by abstract traditional archetypes, leaving both ap-


All the tools used at BUF are proprietary. From modelling to animation, dynamics, lighting, shader, texturing, paint, and compositing, the tools are developed by our team of engineers, except for the render engine: mental ray. For " Silent Hill " we worked on several sequences: the transformation shots, transition to the darkness of the church exterior, the nurses sequence, execution of Cybil Benet, the shots of Rose's wound, and Alessa's appearance in his bed surrounded with barbed wire.