The reactions of α,β-unsaturated nitriles (1, 9, 12) as bielectrophiles with aminoazoles (2, 4, 6) as binu-cleophiles were investigated. Acrylonitrile (1) reacts almost exclusively in a chemoselective Michael-type addition yielding the substituted azoles 3, 5 and 7, respectively. Cinnamonitriles 9a,b behave in a similar way, but the free CN group adds a second molecule 4 yielding 10a,b and its cyclocondensation product 11a,b as minor component. The attempted formation of azolopyrimidines is best achieved by the reaction of the benzylidenemalononitriles 12a - f with 2 or 4. The process is chemo- and regioselective. The structure determinations were based on NMR measurements including DEFT, COSY, ROESY, HMQC and HMBC techniques and correct earlier suggestions.


Numerous researches on metals, rocks, glass, rubber, and textiles are cited to show that what may be regarded as normal creep in amorphous and polycrystalline solids conforms to the general relation e=e1+at+blogt, where e is the total strain at time t, e1 is a parameter interpretable as the approximate initial strain, and a, b are other parameters. A special form of this equation, having a = 0, has been frequently applied. Reference is made to several other studies on the same class of solids, which have established for normal relaxation the relation σ=σ1−βlogt, where σ is the stress at time t, σ1 is the stress at unit time, and β is a parameter. A theoretical foundation for both equations is provided by the reaction‐rate theory of plastic flow. Observations in the present study indicate that creep extension in cotton and rayon tire cords over prolonged periods of time follows the above creep equation, and, in general, is not adequately represented by an equation omitting the term at. From the presence of...


KuHNE [1875] recognised indole as one of the products of the bacterial decomposition of proteins. The discovery of tryptophan by Hopkins and Cole [1901] was followed by the proof by these authors that tryptophan was the parent substance of bacterially formed indole [Hopkins and Cole, 1903]. They succeeded in isolating indole and indoleacetic acid from the products of the aerobic growth of bacteria (including Bact. coli) on a medium consisting of pure tryptophan and gelatin. Under anaerobic conditions they were able to isolate indolepropionic acid. Hertzfeldt and Klinger [1915] studied, in roughly quantitative manner, the relationship between the disappearance of tryptophan and the production of indole with both indole-positive and indole-negative organisms. They used peptone medium and also a medium of pure tryptophan and salts, in which tryptophan was the sole source of nitrogen. In the latter case it is noteworthy that a form of bacterial suspension was used. Raistrick and Clarke [1921] investigated the bacterial decomposition of both the side chain and ring of tryptophan, but Bact. coli was not used. Fellers and Clough [1925] made a careful survey of the tests available for the detection of indole and skatole in bacterial cultures and applied them to a large number of bacterial species, but peptone and similar complex media were employed. Bact. coli was chosen for the following work since it is a strongly indolepositive organism. An additional advantage is that Bact. coli does not decompose indole [Hertzfeldt and Klinger, 1915].


The electric vehicle with an independent power supply is the object of this research. At present, such vehicles are becoming more popular in the automobile market, pushing out their rivals with internal combustion engines, owing to their superior energy efficiency. The advantage over the internal combustion engine vehicles being obvious, the efficiency of electric vehicles is still considerably low in comparison to other electric devices. The problem that causes these limitations lies in the power supply – li-ion accumulator – which has high impedance. In order to solve this disadvantage, the system with an ultracapacitor battery connected in parallel to the accumulator was considered using an example of the electric scooter drive with a squirrel-caged induction motor. Ultracapacitors have significantly lesser impedance than accumulators, thus they carry with themselves most of instant load during acceleration and braking when a power source supplies the highest currents. Our study has shown that this configuration improves energy efficiency of the electric vehicles. Moreover, there is an optimal amount of ultracapacitor capacitance for achieving the best efficiency (the lowest energy consumption). This follows from the fact that an ultracapacitor battery is a rather heavy object; a significant increase in its capacitance leads to the increased vehicle weight and thus enhances energy consumption. An additional modernized system of supply was considered at which ultracapacitor's charging is accelerated during vehicle stops. Such a system has made it possible to improve the results and decrease energy consumption even larger. Compared to previous studies, this research demonstrates the importance of correct choice of ultracapacitor capacitance and supply distribution system. The existence of the optimum point has been proven; the difference of energy consumption at this point has been demonstrated in numbers.


Aim To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant tumor of the duodenum(PMTD).Metheds The most common clinical manifestations were abdominal pain,jaundice and gastrointestinal haemorrhage,etc.The clinical data of 81 cases with PMTD from 1996~2004 were analyzed retrospectively.Result The correct diagnostic rate of auxiliary examination were:Duodenoscopy of 84.6%(11/13),air barium double radiography of 80%(16/20),CT of 35.1%(13/37),MRCP of 46.7%(14/30).75 cases were operated,63 cases underwent pancreastoduodenectomy,3 cases received segmental duodenectomy,1 case underwent local resection for duodenal carcinoma,5 cases were subjected to cholecystojejunostomy and/or gastroenterostomy,6 cases refused operation.56 cases were followed up.The survival rate of 1-year,3-year and 5-year after pancreastoduodenectomy were 78.7%,34.1% and 26.8% respectively.2 cases with segmental duodenectomy recurred and died in 1 year,and in the meantime,1 case survived for 2 years and 5 months.1 case with local resection for duodenal carcinoma recurred and died after 1 and half years,all patients with cholecystojejunostomy and/or gastroenterostomy died in 1 year.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of duodenal neoplasms vary,so it is difficult to diagnose in the early.Duodenoscopy and hypotonic duodenography are good diagnostic approaches.Pancreaticoduodenectom is crux to improve prognosis.


A
thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Politics, Media and Philosophy,
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, College of Arts, Social Sciences and
Commerce, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.


Abstract Research question: This study assesses the performance of the Spanish Sports Federations in the Olympic Games of Beijing 2008 and London 2012 from the point of view of their efficiency in the use of the available resources. The research aims to identify the possible existence of a behaviour pattern in the performance of these sports federations and, particularly, the influence of the different funding sources on the results. Research methods: The measurement of the relative efficiency of the 22 federations that participated in both editions is carried out by applying the Data Envelopment Analysis methodology. The Malmquist index is used to analyse the evolution of the efficiency and, a persistence study, to evaluate the consistency of the results. Finally, correlations are estimated to verify the possible links between the efficiency of the federations and their funding sources. Results and findings: The study captures the relative efficiency of the federations in the sample, a deceleration in the performance being observed between Beijing 2008 and London 2012. It finds little relation between the relative efficiency of the federations and their different funding sources. Implications: This study may be especially relevant in a context where an important amount of public resources is earmarked for elite sports, without clarifying the "value for money" of such investments. It hopes to contribute to the existing literature with regard to the measurement of efficiency in sports through the introduction of indicators which can capture the performance of sports federations more precisely.


Objective: To summarize the clinical data and investigate the treatment of patients with premature ovarian failure.Methods: Thirty-one patients with premature ovarian failure were evaluated from January 1999 to December 2003. Results: Among 31 cases, there were 22 infertile patients and 9 patients with fertility. The average period of amenorrhea was 2.8 years(from 5 months to 7 years), in which there were 7 cases with the abrupt cessation of menstruation and 24 patients with oligomenorrhea and gradually to cessation of menstruation. 16 patients had the symptoms of estrogen deficiency and 48.4% of patients had genital and breast atrophy at different rates. The circulating concentration of estradiol was reduced and follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels increased. All patients were treated with a combination of estrogen and progesterone. The cure rate of premature ovarian failure was 22.6% and no patient was treated to have a pregnancy. Conclusion: Premature ovarian failure is a disease of multifactors. Further study and emphasis ought to be taken to investigate it.


Extensive organizational changes in the management of product development work of industrial companies are currently taking place. Speediness (time-based competition) and/or 'high' quality (total quality) are emphasized and for this purpose concepts such as simultaneous, concurrent or integrated product development have been introduced. This paper describes a study of the importance of these concepts in 29 large Swedish manufacturing companies and how these companies deal with the implementation of the new product development concepts. In addition, three in-depth studies have been carried out to enable a more detailed study to be made of the effects of the product development work on time and quality variables.


This volume, as the title suggests, is the account of a rather small community's journey of survival, a community which has undergone two transitions over the last century or so. The first transition was that of relocation, being scattered across the world. However, the second more important transition was that of faith. The text is written in a lucid and easy style with many photographs targeted at the community's youth. The primary objective is to introduce the current generation to the complex and traumatic processes of evolution, as a result of which the Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri community established itself and prospered in different parts of the world. It recounts anything that an elder or community leader feels would be essential reading in this community's history, evolution, belief systems, salient features and peculiarities. More importantly, it endeavours to pass on to the next generation those traits that are making them different from others. The author's underlying fear is that although the community has experienced great prosperity, its continued existence is rather uncertain, even endangered. The Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri community is between 100,000 and 120,000 strong, which is just 0.5 percent of the world's Shia population. However, despite their rather insignificant numbers, they exercise considerable influence and are admired around the world. Thus, the Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri was the first group of pilgrims permitted by the Saddam Hussein regime, after the first Iraqi war of 1990–1991, to visit Najaf, because of the particular status they enjoy and because of their apolitical stance. Quite pointedly, a leading Indian Shia scholar and leader, Kalbe Sadiq, is quoted as saying that one must not question Allah's ways, but he wished that he was a Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri so that he would be able to do all that he could for the community's development.


To the Editor,

Thanks to Dr. Peterson for speaking up on behalf of all the laboratory professionals out there.[1] I teach clinical laboratory science students at The University of North Carolina School of Medicine [Chapel Hill], and I see the issues every day.

Laboratories are indeed facing a crisis. Dr. Peterson pointed out that the number of students graduating each year is far below the number needed, and that a large cohort of the current workforce is nearing retirement. Another problem that we face is that many of the students who we do graduate leave the clinical laboratories within 5 years. Quite a few are lured to industry (ie, pharmaceutical laboratories and clinical trials companies) by the higher salaries and better hours offered there. Some (especially phlebotomists) don't make enough in wages or benefits to justify working instead of staying home when they have young children. What really disturbs me is that some of our best and brightest see no real challenge in the day-to-day of the laboratory and go back to school to become physicians, PAs [physician assistants], dentists, etc. Obviously, there is a need for these professionals, but we also need outstanding laboratorians who feel valued and essential where they are, using their knowledge of testing to improve the health of our patients. Recognition and praise from other members of the healthcare team, suggested by Dr. Peterson, are a good start, but real challenge and opportunity to be a functioning member of the healthcare team are even better. We teach our students to apply knowledge, troubleshoot, solve problems, but few are given a real opportunity to do these things in their workplaces.

Most healthcare organizations have teams of physicians, nurses, and all manner of specialists who work together to coordinate the care of patients. Why not include a laboratory professional? A clinical laboratory scientist has a wonderful body of knowledge about the clinical utility of the tests available, the best specimens to use, and the sources of potential error. Ask them to use this knowledge to help you as you work to find a diagnosis or to optimize treatment.

Readers are encouraged to respond to George Lundberg, MD, Editor of MedGenMed, for the editor's eye only or for possible publication via email: ten.epacsdem@grebdnulg


A study of adultery which rapidly turned into a study of marriage, this book looks at the expectations men and women now have of marriage. The authors also examine the differences in the way men and women experience their own and their partners' affairs.


Abstract What is the significance of the School Strike for Climate from an international constitutional perspective? In this article, I compare the School Strike for Climate with the Hong Kong protests of 2019–20. Both these movements became necessary because of gaps in their countries' respective domestic and international legal frameworks – what I term constitutionalism gaps. The immediate cause of each protest was how state and non-state actors exploited these constitutionalism gaps in the existing legal framework. Protests in Hong Kong were triggered by the attempt to enact an Extradition Law that threatened people's autonomy, whereas the School Strike for Climate is a response to the failure of the state to deliver climate justice. Both these movements use similar strategies of advocacy and they have relied extensively on new technology. Based on this comparison, I argue that the School Strike for Climate promotes procedural and substantive values of constitutionalism at the international level, similar to the Hong Kong Protests at the domestic level. Through the School Strike for Climate, people seek to engage directly in the transnational legal process. In attempting to bridge the constitutionalism gap at the international level, the School Strike for Climate promotes values of global constitutionalism.


It was studied the effects of temperature,partial pressure of CO2 H2S on corrosion behaviors of tubing steels,which included N80 and P110,in simulated CO2/H2S corrosion environment of oilfield.The results show that the corrosion rates increase at first and then decrease with increasing of temperature,CO2 partial pressure,and H2S partial pressure.And the corrosion rates of steel P110 are always higher than that of steel N80.


Abstract The feasibility of disrupting sexual communication in oriental beetle, Exomala orientalis (Waterhouse) with a microencapsulated sprayable formulation of (Z)- and (E)-7-tetradecen-2-one, the major and minor pheromone components, respectively, was evaluated in blueberries and ornamental nurseries during 1998 and 1999 seasons in southern New Jersey. In 1998, pheromone-baited traps captured significantly fewer male beetles in blueberries, treated with a 9:1 blend of (Z)- and (E)-7-tetradecen-2-one at 100 g (AI)/ha of the major component, or in nurseries treated with (Z)-7-tetradecen-2-one alone at the same rate, compared with trap captures in untreated control plots. The percentage of reduction in trap captures (disruption index) in plots treated with the blend in blueberries was comparable to reductions in trap captures in nurseries (97 versus 92%) treated with the major component alone. During 1999, pheromone trap captures in blueberry and nursery plots treated with a 93:7 blend of (Z)- and (E)-7-tetradecen-2-one at 37.5 g (AI)/ha of the major component were on an average 92 and 82% lower compared with trap captures in untreated control plots, respectively. Significantly fewer tethered virgin female oriental beetles were found in copula/contact with males in treated blueberry fields relative to those deployed in untreated control plots. These results suggest that communication disruption is a promising strategy to manage oriental beetle populations in blueberries and ornamental nurseries. This is the first study to document the feasibility of disrupting sexual communication in a soil-dwelling coleopteran with applications of sex pheromone components to the soil.


We have written many times before about our girls strolling around the city, lingering at hotels of questionable character, and their frequenting all kinds of Venetian gardens in the company of the worst type. . . . The object of this article is not to convert the already fallen girl—although it is never too late to reform— but to warn and save other young girls from the same fate and to warn mothers who do not realize the dangers to which their daughters are exposed by going out with strangers. Therefore, we appeal to mothers, especially to those who are fascinated by their daughters' beautiful faces and who dress their daughters far beyond their means, but never criticize their behavior, permitting them to


Islam teaches and recommends us to do all the things in the life seriously and or-derly based on the norms established by the religion. Management means to regulate all the things in order to be well done, precise, in good order, and complete. This activity is declared in Islamic Doctrines. Therefore, if a business is carried out by the guidance of the norms of the Declared-Islamic Doctriness, the business will not only persue the ma-terial benefits,but also will hope the Favor and the Bless of Alloh/God. The business that is carried out based on the law of Islam is then termed by the Syariah Business Manage-ment. The material benefit gained from this business will have favor of Alloh/God and has the grant of Alloh/God in it.


Objective To investigate the experience of diagnosis and treatment of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.Methods Reviewed the clinical data of 19 cases with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in our department from January 2001 to August 2012.Results 19 patients were treated by operation.16 cases were diagnosed before surgery,one cases was confirmed during surgical exploration,two cases that transferred from other divisions were missed diagnosis.One case died of multiple organ failure,due to injury(brain injury associated with hemorrhage,rupture of liver and spleen,severe pelvic fracture).The preoperative diagnosis rate was 89.4%,the misdiagnosis rate was 10.5%,the cure rate was 94.7%.Conclusion Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is often combined with injury,mostly by chest sharp injuries and blunt trauma.According to the clinical symptoms,signs,chest X-ray,CT upper gastrointestinal radiography and other auxiliary examination,improving vigilance of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.It is the key to increase the cure rate that early definitive diagnosis and timely surgical treatment.


A method of communication between two nodes providing online charging functionalities in an IP Multimedia Subsystem, IMS, network, wherein a first node is configured to operate as a Charging Triggering Function, CTF, and wherein a second node is configured to operate as an Online Charging Service, OCS. The method allows to alleviate drawbacks stemming from low availability of the OCS.


Abstract In order to deal with the potential highly increasing amount of high-level radioactive wastes and spent nuclear fuels along with the ambitious development of nuclear power plants, China needs to construct a geologic repository in the middle of the 21st century. After about 15 years of basic research, including site survey, radionuclide migration, Beishan area in Northwest China's Gansu Province has been considered as the most promising candidate place. The Beishan granite has been highly considered as one of the potential host rocks, and some geochemical and hydrogeologic work has been carried out with the granite. In terms of pre-safety assessment of a potential site, the sorption, diffusion and migration of important radionuclides which tend to be released from the potential repository in the rock/water system play an important role and must be thoroughly investigated with the site specific rock/water characteristics. Due to the potential mobility of technetium under repository conditions, the investigation of the diffusion of technetium in different potential rocks has been studied, while few work focused on the rock surface characteristics. Since the diffusion/migration of radionuclides in the potential host rocks of geologic repositories is mainly through the pores/fractures of the host rocks, the surface characteristics of the rocks should play non-negligible role. In this paper, the influence of pH in the rock/water system on the diffusion of 99TcO4− in Beishan granite is investigated with through-diffusion experiments and batch sorption experiments. Experimental results indicate that the effective diffusion coefficients (De) of 99Tc in Beishan granite varied from 9.7 × 10−13 to 1.3 × 10−12 m2/s, and the distribution coefficients (Kd) of 99Tc in Beishan granite decreased when the pH of the rock/water system increased which may due to the decreasing of the density of positively charged sites on the granite surface.


This paper analyzes the differences between online and offline courses in teaching organization, course content and practice, as well as the differences between hybrid teaching and hybrid courses in concept and emphasis. This paper puts forward the basic principles and requirements of hybrid courses teaching design, and discusses the key points and application scenarios of hybrid courses teaching design from three aspects: teaching objectives, teaching elements and teaching activities. And the key issues that need to be figured out are explained.


T HIS ARTICLE IS AN ATTEMPT to add to fertile recent readings of Seneca Epistle 86, the letter reporting on a visit to Scipio Africanus' country house—complete with "antique" bath and olive grove—at Liternum. 1 In order to show how much Seneca packs into this letter, I argue, we need to understand more about the metaphorics and poetics of the bathhouse in Roman imperial literature. Without rehearsing the entire rhizomatic system of Seneca's referencing in Ep. 86, my aim is to flesh out the satiric body of Scipio's villa-bath-garden compound, and to propose ways in which myths of Scipionic grooming help to propel the fascinating momentum of doubleness and the core dynamic of transmutation in this letter. I suggest that we have underestimated how Seneca's account of the bathroom engages with corporeality in Latin poetry via images of mighty Scipio Africanus (Elder or Younger) as clean-shaven, trend-setting Hellenophile. In pushing a reading of the double structure of Ep. 86 in terms of permeable contiguities as well as in terms of mirroring inversion, I highlight how the text toys satirically with the idea of "outing" Scipio from his bathroom closet within Seneca's larger symbolic framework of philosophical and epistolary enclosure. The experience of Scipio's villa, together with its bath and garden, is an overtly multisensual one, especially when read after and through the acoustic extravaganza of the baths in Ep. 56: we see, smell, and hear this place. 2 Yet touch is there too, a barely hidden erotic impulse which surfaces in the warm hands of heroes (scires . . . manu sua temperasse, 86.10 3), in bodily contact with the earth (86.5, 86.17–20) and the embrace of elms by vines (tenent et conplexae sunt non suas ulmos, 86.20). 4 Touch suggests both a critical model of physical connection and a ready-made satirical commentary on Scipio as body. I set out to grapple here with the questions of how invasive or aggressive this


Objective: To approach whether there are influential factors of human papilloma virus(HPV) infection type characteristics from the reasons of different incidence rate of Xinjiang Uigur and Han cervical cancer.Methods: Use channelization hybridization gene chip technology detected 21 kinds of HPV subtypes on 200 cases of Uigur cervical cancer and 200 cases of Han cervical cancer.Results:(1) HPV infection spectrum of Uygur,Han cervical cancer were different.The subtypes of Uigur cervical cancer in high-risk HPV by turn were HPV16,HPV58,HPV18,HPV52 and HPV31;The subtypes of Han were HPV16,HPV31,HPV58,HPV18 and HPV52.HPV58 in Uigur cervical cancer was the second one.HPV58,HPV31 ranked second in Uigur,Han cervical cancer respectively.HPV58,HPV31 were likely more susceptible types besides HPV16 in Uigur and Han cervical cancer.(2)The cases of Uigur cervical cancer in multiple infections were 43,which was 21.83% in HPV-positive patients;The cases of Han cervical cancer in multiple infections were 27,which was 13.78% in HPV-positive patients.Compared with each other,there was a statistical difference.(3)The infection frequency of HPV high-risk subtypes was different between the Uigur and Han cervical cancer.The proportion of HPV16,HPV58,HPV18,HPV52 of Uigur cervical cancer in the HPV-positive cervical cancer were 65.88%,8.63%,7.06% and 2.75%.The proportion of HPV16,HPV31,HPV58,HPV18 of Han cervical cancer in the HPV-positive cervical cancer were 66.81%,6.90%,4.74% and 3.88%.Conclusion: Uigur and Han had different infection spectrums.Uigur patients with cervical cancer had more multiple high-risk HPV infection.This made Uigur women infected with HPV develop to cervical cancer more easily.


The Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Health Center has developed a simple inexpensive McBee Card Surveillance System for following approximately 2,000 registered patients with hypertension. The system has been in use for the past two years by three health teams. On a quarterly basis teams and physicians are given reports on the percentage of their hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure (bp) (bp ≤ 140/90 for patients younger than 50; bp ≤ 160/95 for 50 or older). In addition, patients not seen in the past 4 months are identified for follow-up by family health workers. During the 2-year period that the system has been in operation, the three teams have increased their percentage of patients under control by 50 per cent. Of 929 patients with hypertension, 411 were controlled at the inception of the study and 617 were controlled 2 years later. Such a simple surveillance and self-evaluation system is readily applicable to all ambulatory care settings.


A machine vision based measurement system for physical fitness is designed and implemented. Compared with other existing systems, our system only utilizes one Kinect sensor without bulky wearable sensors, thus enabling testees limber and free. To improve the test accuracy, a series of skeletal data smoothing methods and posture recognition algorithms are developed or used. The tests among university students and experimental results show that the performance of our system is increased and it is comparable with human beings, and therefore more practical and labor-saving.


The utility model relates to the technical field of illumination lamps, in particular to an LED lamp bulb, which comprises a lamp had, a lamp shade, an LED and a circuit board, wherein the LED is welded and fixed on the circuit board, the open bottom end of the lamp shade is fixed and arranged on the top end of the lamp head, the circuit board is fixed and arranged in the lamp shade, mixed gas used for conducting heat is filled in the lamp shade, and the circuit board is electrically connected with the lamp head. Because the mixed gas is filled in the lamp shade of the utility model, when the LED works and illuminates, the LED can generate the heat, and the mixed gas in the lamp shade can rise and flow through being headed, so the heat generated by the LED is conducted to the inner surface of the lamp shade, and is then radiated out through the lamp shade. Thereby, the utility model can radiate out the heat generated by the LED without the installation of heavy aluminum base plates and aluminum alloy heat radiators, and has the characteristics of light weight, small size and low production cost.


The influence of the acidic medium on the physical-mechanical properties of the medical polymeric material was studied with the help of the dynamic mechanical analysis method. The objects of study were types of basic acrylic plastics: "Colorless plastic", "StomAkril", "Ftoraks".


The following new combinations for names of species of phototrophic sulfur bacteria are proposed: (i) Thiocystis gelatinosa (Winogradsky) comb. nov., (ii) Thiodictyon bacillosum (Winogradsky) comb. nov., (iii) Amoebobacter pendens (Molisch) comb. nov., (iv) Pelodictyon luteolum (Schmidle) comb. nov. Each of the two species of Chlorobium Nadson 1906 has an infrasubspecific forma specialis designated: Chlorobium limicola forma specialis thiosulfatophilum and Chlorobium vibrioforme forma specialis thiosulfatophilum. A revised description of each newly named organism is given. Neotype strains are designated.


The invention relates to a method of transmitting an audio message or audiovisual enriched implemented by a transmission device, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - converting (E1) o information (8) of enrichment, to enrich the content of a message (10) audio or audiovisual initial, o information (9) of processing associated with the information (8) enrichment in at least one message (11) multimedia insertion, - inserting (E2) the message (11) multimedia insertion at least in the audio or video content of the message (10) initial, so as to create a message (12) enriched, - transmitting (E3) by a system ( 1) communication, the message (12) enriched, the device (2) for transmitting to at least one device (3) for receiving.


: The preparative method for the perfluorodecalin purification using the low temperature crystallization in the presence of organic compound (diluent) has been developed.


Abstract With the availability of nice images and amazing, dramatic stories, the fundamental questions it addresses, and the attraction is exerces on many, it is often assumed that astronomy is an obvious topic for the media. Looking more carefully, however, one realises that the truth is perhaps not as glamorous as one would hope, and that, although well present in the media, astronomy's coverage is rather tiny, and often, limited to the specialised pages or magazines.


Based on the analysis about the current state of the environment liability insurance in our country,it is pointed out that there are many problems in the construction of the environmental liability insurance in our country,which include the poorly motivated enterprises in insurance,the lack of corresponding legal systems about environmental pollution,the stricter professional requirement and higher degree of difficulty about the product design,and the high cost of running the insurance company.Then some countermeasures to the above problems are presented,involving the perfection of corresponding law system,the mobilization of enterprises' initiatives in insurance by borrowing some advance experiences,the establishment of scientific risk assessment system,the training of high scientific and technological talents,the improvement of product design,the reinforcement of government participation and so on.


The purpose of this study is to analysis degree and types of financial preparations for aging by age empirically, and then to discuss the findings and implications for the results of analysis. Data from The Social Statistics Survey conducted by Korea National Statistical Office were used in this stu...


Book file PDF easily for everyone and every device. You can download and read online Serenity file PDF Book only if you are registered here. And also you can download or read online all Book PDF file that related with Serenity book. Happy reading Serenity Bookeveryone. Download file Free Book PDF Serenity at Complete PDF Library. This Book have some digital formats such us :paperbook, ebook, kindle, epub, fb2 and another formats. Here is The Complete PDF Book Library. It's free to register here to get Book file PDF Serenity.


Faces are special to infants from birth, and experiences with faces in infancy are critical to developing brain circuits that support face processing skills through adulthood. Infants learn to extract rich information from faces, including recognizing people, tracking their gaze and expressions, and lip-reading. As infants learn to interact with the people around them, their responses to and understanding of these communicative facial cues become more connected to their social understanding and reflect their developmental context. Infants' face perception is particularly responsive to experience, with some degree of plasticity present through middle childhood. Opportunities to interact with people from diverse racial backgrounds in infancy may help prevent perceptual and social biases toward different groups. Variations in experience with faces beyond face race and gender, such as the use of face coverings, may impact how and what infants learn from faces.


WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN IN THIS AREA • There is much debate as to the role and relevance of time spent in the clinical setting to the learning and development of trainees.• There is a pressing need to refocus research to develop a more detailed understanding of the impact of spending time in practice, here general practice, on the development of clinical thinking skills. WHAT THIS WORK ADDS • The aim of this small-scale exploratory study was to identify whether there was a significant change in the nature of foundation trainees' thinking about a clinical case scenario after a four-month attachment in general practice.• Through the innovative use of Mind Maps, data were collected and analysed to identify the areas of change and development. SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH • This study has demonstrated changes in clinical thinking of trainees about a case when exposed to clinical experience in the primary care setting.• The work would benefit from wider testing in general practice and other specialties to explore the value of Mind Maps to learning.


In this paper, the performance of different active controllers, including an active with pulse filter (APF) controller, in which the controller is designed using a ground motion pulse filter recently proposed by the authors, has been investigated for the benchmark base‐isolated building model subject to various near‐field ground motions. The pulse model utilizes pulse period, pulse damping factor and pulse shape factor from recorded ground motions to represent dominant kinematic characteristics of actual near‐field ground motion pulses. Comparison of various active control approaches, such as linear quadratic gaussian (LQG), LQG with Kanai–Tajimi filter, APF and sample controller, demonstrates that the APF controller is capable of reducing base displacement (drift of isolators), superstructure drift and absolute accelerations of all the floors simultaneously while using the same control force level as other controllers. The reduction in all these response quantities is much more significant for the APF controller than other active control strategies. The peak amplitudes of various response quantities of the structure with APF controller are damped much faster than those with the sample controller. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract:Among the most Christianized cities and towns in northwest Korea (P'yŏngan-do and Hwanghae-do provinces) around 1925, Pyongyang was called the "Jerusalem of Chosŏn," Chaeryŏng the "Christian world," and Sŏnch'ŏn in P'yŏnganbuk-do a "kingdom of Christianity." From 1915, half the population of Sŏnch'ŏn was identified as Christian (Presbyterian) and the Christian influence dominated town life. This article discusses the metamorphosis of Sŏnch'ŏn from an unknown small rural "heathen" town to a "kingdom of Christianity" within a generation. After describing the process and visualizing the spatial features of this transformation, it focuses on diverse inter-group conflicts, the discourse of the "kingdom of Christianity," and socialists' backlash against such triumphalism.By reviewing the history of the growth of Sŏnch'ŏn as a Christian city and major conflicts in its transformation, this case study of Northwestern Protestantism in Korea reveals the following three main points. First, the center of gravity of Korean Protestantism migrated from Seoul to Pyongyang in the 1900s and then to Sŏnch'ŏn in the next decade. Second, the nature of Northwestern Protestantism shifted from confrontation against Korean folk beliefs like shamanism in 1900s, to Christian nationalism against Japanese imperialism up to 1919, and then to Protestant capitalism against socialism in the 1920s. Their evangelical belief in the Christian superiority to traditional religions, political activism, economic middle-class status, and theological fundamentalism became the legacy of Northwestern Christians who engaged in the nation-building of the Republic of Korea from 1945 to the 1960s.


We show that the efficiency enhancement in plasma filled radiation sources and its dependence on the density of the background plasma can be accounted for by a mechanism of self-induced distributed feedback. Two counter propagating waves modulate the plasma density by the ponderomotive potential of their multiplication causing thus a grating in the refractive index of the plasma. The two waves are coupled by Brag reflections. The distributed feedback enhances the interaction between the resonant wave and the beam, and reduces the threshold gain for oscillations. Both effects enhance the efficiency of the oscillator.


To the Editor. —I have been asked to comment on spontaneous regression of retinoblastoma. We have seen a fair number of spontaneous regressions and they all present several typical features. The calcification seen in these children is probably not totally calcium, but is precipitated deoxyribonucleic acid which later binds calcium to produce a radiopaque complex. Other old hemorrhagic and inflammatory conditions in the eye may become secondarily calcified but never present the appearance seen in this youngster. In our tumor clinic we see a great many other associated conditions of the fundus and I cannot really imagine that Dr. Rubin's case could be anything but a spontaneous regression of retinoblastoma. Calcification of this type and the presence of abnormal blood vessels which appear to be neither part of the retinal nor of the choroidal circulation are the hallmarks of spontaneous regressions. The factors responsible for regression are certainly not always


Radio Frequency (RF) power amplifiers (PAs) have large memory effects and high nonlinearity.It is very important to analyze the system level performance of PAsaccurately using a simple behavioral or mathematical model.This paper proposes a system-level behavioral model for RF PA that exhibit memory effects.This model gives quite accurate results in predicting the behavior of PAs with memory effects.The proposed model is implemented in Agilent software. Description of memory effects and an accurate presentation of highly nonlinear characteristics based on the single-tone transfer characteristics for PA are presented. Gain for circuit level model and behavioral model is calculated.


Part 1 Peru in English: the early history of the English fascination with Peru historical texts acccounts of sea voyages and travel collections of voyages and travels geographies and atlases documents, monographs and theatre. Part 2 the Inca and Inca symbolism in popular festive culture the religious processions of 17th century Cuzco exploring Incan identity the Inca and the politics of nostalgia the Inca motif in colonial fiestas.


Copy number variants (CNVs) found in individuals with communication deficits provide a valuable window to the genetic causes of problems with language and more generally, to the genetic foundation of the human-specific ability to learn and use languages. In this paper, we report in detail on the language and communication problems of a patient with a microduplication in 22q11.23 and a microdeletion in 7q31 encompassing FOXP2. The proband exhibits severe speech problems, moderate comprehension deficits, and quite preserved pragmatic abilities, using gestures to compensate most of her expressive problems. This profile is compatible with the deficits found in patients with similar CNVs, particularly, with people bearing microdeletions in 7q31.


Introduction: Fine Needle Biopsy of head and neck masses as a minimally invasive technique is particularly suitable in this sensitive area where an incisional biopsy can cause problems. A cytological diagnosis of a non-neoplastic lesion or confirming suspected metastatic or recurrent tumor can obviate the need for surgery. FNAC can effectively distinguish between benign and malignant cystic lesions of the head and neck. Aim: The aim of this study is to categorise the various head and neck lesions diagnosed by cytology and to assess the diagnostic utility of FNAC. Materials and Methods: All the cases of head and neck masses diagnosed by cytology during the period of one year were analysed. Age and sex distribution was noted. Lesions were mainly categorised into lesions of thyroid, salivary gland and lymph node. Each group were then subcategorised into various groups depending upon the neoplastic and nonneoplastic nature. In some cases histopathologic correlation was done. Results: Thyroid lesions formed 61.5 % (475) of the total number of head and neck masses. 99% of the cases were benign lesions. Lymphadenopathies formed 34 % (262) of the total number of head and neck masses. Most common diagnoses were reactive lymphadenitis (43.5%) followed by granulomatous lymphadenitis (12.5%). Salivary gland lesions formed 4.5 % (35) of the total number of head and neck masses. Sialadenitis was the most common among the benign lesions (40 %) and pleomorphic adenoma was commonest among neoplasms (37 %). Conclusion: FNAC is a reliable, safe, cost-effective and minimally invasive procedure. FNAC can be advised as a primary diagnostic tool.


Do firms owned by foreigners pay higher wages than locally owned firms for apparently equivalent workers? Do such benefits accrue to all or only certain types of workers? This paper uses data on individual wages in manufacturing industry for five African countries in the early 1990s to address these questions. We present two main findings. First, foreign ownership is associated with a 20--40% increase in individual wages (conditional on age, tenure and education) on average. This is halved to 8--23% if we take into account the fact that foreign-owned firms are larger and locate in high-wage sectors and regions. Secondly, there is a tendency in some countries for more skilled workers (using occupation and education categories) to benefit more from foreign ownership than less skilled workers and this conclusion holds after accounting for the size distribution of foreign firms. We discuss, but cannot directly test, the plausibility of two explanations for these findings: (i) foreign-owned firms employ technologies that are more skill-biased than technologies in local firms and (ii) skilled workers in foreign firms are more effective in rent-sharing than other workers. We contend that these explanations may not be mutually exclusive and, hence, cannot be empirically distinguished. Copyright 2003, Oxford University Press.


IEEE 802.16j Mobile multi hop relay (MMR) network was approved in the year 2009, by the IEEE 802.16 working committee. In IEEE 802.16j Relay station with same capacity as that of Base station is used to extend the coverage area of base station or used to increase the Throughput capacity of base station. In this paper we have given a simulation model for IEEE 802.16j MMR networks using the NCTUns -6.0 network simulator. The simulation model can be used for carry out IEEE 802.16j WiMAX simulations. The NCTUns network simulator is an open source simulator, and it used real time data to carry out the simulation. NCTUns uses a distributed architecture to support remote and concurrent simulations. The NCTUns has 8 components such as GUI, simulation engine, dispatcher, coordinator, kernel level modification, User level demean, parallel simulations for carry out IEEE 802.16j MMR network simulation. Key-Words : - Relay modes, IEEE 802.16j, NCTUns-6.0, transparent mode, non-transparent mode, etc


Growth failure is a common and complicated process in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Growth hormone, which is becoming a more commonly used agent in such patients, has demonstrated beneficial effects aside from increased growth velocity. Recently, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 has gained significant attention in the understanding of growth failure in children with CF. We report the successful prolonged use of recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor‐1 in an adolescent boy with CF, who demonstrated significant clinical benefits from the therapy. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:1137–1141. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Background: Integrated case based lectures are widely used as an effective method of teaching and learning. This method not only integrates all the disciplines in a particular year but also presents them in an effective case based format. Over the years, the students were less enthusiastic about this method. In order to make it more student centred and to actively involve them we have introduced peer case based integrated lectures. Peer assisted learning is a strong educational strategy known to benefit peer tutors and learners. This study evaluates the Knowledge gain of both the methods to see if there is any significant difference. Methods: Students in their 2 nd year MBBS who agreed to participate were included in the study. After a series of discussions with the curriculum committee, the basic and clinical faculty, topics of public health importance were selected and written case scenarios with a set of relevant questions were formulated. In case based integrated lectures for tuberculosis, lectures were taken by faculty of the pertaining disciplines. In the peer case based integrated lectures on HIV, the same were taken by the students. A pre-test and post test was conducted after each session to know if there is a significant difference in knowledge gain in the two formats. Results: For the case based and peer led case based lectures, the mean student attendance was 90% and 86%. In the pre-test of integrated group on tuberculosis the mean score was 9.96 with standard deviation of 2.38. The post-test of the same group, the mean knowledge score was 13.63 with standard deviation of 2.20. There was significant improvement in knowledge with the case based integrated lectures of 3.67. The p value (0.0001) for this intervention is extremely significant. The post-test marks obtained for integrated and peer integrated group were 13.63±2.20 and 15.86±2.39 respectively. The mean increase in knowledge after peer case based integrated group was 6.1 when compared to increase in knowledge after case based integrated group which was 3.67. Conclusions: Integrated case base lectures is an effective teaching learning tool which can be further made student centric by involving students as peer teachers. Peer teaching is a valuable methodology to engage learners as teachers to improve their knowledge and communication skills as well creating an environment in which the peer audience will likely actively discuss and exchange ideas. Peer assisted learning is need of time to increase critical reasoning skills of medical students.


Fossa or pit cheese, a typical product of a small geographical area of central Italy, is produced in limited quantities and is of great economic importance in its market niche. The cheese is made from a mixture of pasteurized cow and sheep milk. After ripening for approximately 60 days, it is aged for about 3 months in pits dug into tuffaceous rock, to give the product a particular, highly valued flavour. To establish which objective parameters may contribute to giving the unique qualities to the product, and to check for correlations between the ageing methods and the characteristics of the cheese, microbiological, chemical and sensorial analyses were carried out on milk, cheese at different ripening stages, cheese aged for 3 months in the pit and cheese aged for the same period in the cheese factory. The pit aged cheese showed notable differences in comparison to the cheese aged in the factory. The Fossa cheese was less hard, but moister, saltier, sharper and sourer, with a more pronounced aroma, than the factory-aged cheese. Chemical analysis showed significantly different values of water content, non-casein and non-protein nitrogen, amount of free amino acids and composition of free amino acids and free fatty acid fractions for the pit aged cheese. Microbiological analysis showed no significant differences between the amount and distribution of lactic and non-lactic microflora in cheeses aged with different modalities. The environmental conditions of the pit, probably together with the presence of molds on the surface of the pitaged cheese, could be responsible for the development of the unique chemical and sensorial characteristics of Fossa cheese.


In patriarchal societies around the world the absence of a male issue has been regarded a serious social aberration. Alternatives have been worked out to surmount the problem. Early Indian literature apprises us of one such option; niyoga or levirate wherein a widow or the wife of an impotent man was temporarily made to cohabit with a designated man in order to procure a son who would be regarded as the son of his mother's legal husband. It clearly came within the fold of apaddharam or the law of exigency, something that could be resorted to only in the time of emergency. There seems to be a divergence of views in the narrative tradition and normative [shastriya] literature on the issue of its genesis and purpose. But what comes out clearly is that niyoga was hailed as a 'strategy of heirship'. The article intends to look at the trajectory of the practice in ancient and early medieval India from the vantage of principal female actors. A host of queries would be taken up. It would be worth dwelling upon the issue of its sustainability and popularity; whether the practice of niyoga was designed to benefit a particular section of the society or was meant for larger social good. Did the practice of niyoga bring women some solace or turned out to be an exploitative way of controlling their sexuality? Did the woman have the right to reject it or enter in out of their volition? How did men negotiate this practice? Did it bruise their masculinity or repair, at least in some cases? Did the practice also have caste and class angles to it? Can we detect divergence in the views of Brahman theoreticians and members of other castes such as kshatriyas for whom its practical application amounted to a survival tactic? Who eventually stood to gain from the practice and its eventual fading away? What was the legal and social status of the daughter born of such unions? We shall take up these issues for analysis in the article.


Customer satisfaction measurement is an organization that should be done periodically to further solidify its competitive advantage compared to competitors. Performance Improvement Officers carried out by banks as service providers as well as the management of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk as a provider of banking services, the appropriate attributes will bring positive impact of improving customer satisfaction. But on the contrary, improved performance on attributes that are not right will lead an organization on waste. This study aims to measure customer satisfaction using secondary data research.
From these results obtained conclusion that customer satisfaction is influenced by the quality of service of employees of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. If the performance of employees increases, the entire performance assessment factors on which the performance appraisal increases. And it has a positive effect on customer satisfaction PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero)Tbk.
Keywords: Performance Assessment, Customer Satisfaction


This paper studies the dynamics of Mexican inflation by using a wavelet Multiresolution Analysis (MRA) on 16 indexes of the Mexican consumer price index. This enables to estimate the long-term trend, seasonality, and local shocks of the inflation series, even when the series are non-stationary. The energy distribution between the high frequency, seasonal, and trend components, as well as its evolution through time, are compared. In particular, headline and core inflations show a more stable behavior in all the scales since 2001. Also, an increase in the proportion of variance explained by short-term variations is detected in the inflation series. In relative terms, the short run becomes as important for headline inflation as the medium and long run, and more important for non-core inflation. These results are in line with previous studies documenting the reduction in the Mexican inflation persistence.


I once painted a picture of a brick wall titled The Cat behind the Wall, in 1985 – or was it 2004? The question was, 'Is there really a cat behind the wall?'. The question behind the question is, 'Does the painting exist?'. The question about both questions being: 'What is the work of art, the painting or the story of the painting?' And what if the story of the painting is a lie about a lie about a cat; then is the story as true as 'a fact', considering that the story may well be the work of art itself? Let us use this vertiginous, metaphysical mise-en-abı̂me as a point – albeit a point on the edge of a precipice – to enter the work of a young Iranian artist, based in New York, who showed in London earlier this year. Amir Mogharabi has a degree in philosophy from the University of California where he was taught by Jacques Derrida and Jacques Rancière, among others. This philosophical underpinning to his practice is evident not only in his installation at Ibid Projects but also in the terms in which he articulates it. Besides his mainly painting and object-based installation work, exemplified in '11 paintings', he has also founded an interdisciplinary journal that explores theory, art and music entitled Farimani – an anagram of his mother's maiden name – which is planned to last for exactly eleven issues. Why '11'? '11', like the two forward slashes at the beginning of the internet URL 'http://'; a beginning which implies limitless possibilities, multiple destinations, an infinite multiplication of realities; the two vertical jambs of a doorway, an entrance to another space, another realm. '11' is also the symbol for 'pause' in recording equipment, both real and virtual; before we press 'play' we pause before the gateway, hesitate before opening the door, stepping through the threshold into another ludic dimension. Numbers, although always unable to refer to themselves – there is no 'number' 1 – endlessly reference the world, both physical and metaphysical. 11 is a visual doubling of the singularity of 1, a mirroring, the space between the two verticals implying what is absent – their addition: 1 + 1 1⁄4 2; which implies 2 + 1 1⁄4 3 and then 3 + 2 1⁄4 5, leading to 5 + 3 1⁄4 8, ad infinitum, spiralling into the Fibonacci series; which generates the golden spiral which lies at the heart of nature, and indeed the universe itself. And what is the essence of that addition, what is that 'plus' which lies outside the world and yet is at its heart? Humankind itself, and like blinded Samson pushing down the two pillars holding up the house of Dagon in order to kill the Philistines, we are literally destroying nature, pushing apart the twin pillars of the '11'. Such philosophical and mythological associations abound and are indeed nurtured by the open-ended nature of Mogharabi's installation. Coincidence, chance, pareidolia and paranoiac-critical strategies of associative analysis offer themselves as avenues of interpretation of the work in a free-flowing dedifferentiated plasma of poetic and philosophical deconstruction. In an interview the artist states:


Vehicle restraint systems (VRS) are passive safety devices that can serve as one of the most effective countermeasures to run-off road accidents. Devices such as safety barriers and crash cushions have been key in reducing the severity of these types of accidents. The European EN 1317 standard is one of the standards that offers a common testing and reporting system for describing the design, performance, production, and testing of vehicle restraint systems. This article describes the Road Barrier Upgrade of Standards (ROBUST) project which addresses the question of uncertainty in VRS measurements by applying state of the art technology to the existing European standards.


With the rise in the water level of the Three Gorges Project, accurately measuring the shear strength parameters of the Three Gorges Project shore landslide has important implications for the safety of the Three Gorges Project's surrounding area. Due to the material of reservoir area slope is complex, are mostly loose accumulation, these loose accumulation are mainly composed by landslide deposits, eluvia material, alluvial matter, landslides, strong weathered, and material composition is soil with gravel or fragments stone, the conventional small specimens test has been impossible. Badong County has long rainy season, abundant rainfall, mudslides, landslides and other geological disasters are frequent, so measuring reservoir landslide shear strength of Badong County is particularly important. Therefore, this paper takes the gravel soil of piled crushed landslide of the third senior middle school in Badong County as the research object, through lab large-scale direct shear test to research the gravel soil strength parameters' variation of the soil samples with different coarse soil content under different moisture conditions.


The authors study the probability of taking a vacation, foreign or domestic, and the expenditures of Dutch households on vacations. The paper first provides a brief review of Dutch vacation behaviour over the past 30 years. It then presents the results of statistical models for destination choice and the number of vacations, and for the expenditure conditional on the destination and the number of vacations. A higher income and a higher level of education increase the probability of a vacation abroad. In addition, expenditures increase with income, but when two vacations are undertaken the vacation abroad benefits most from this increase. Participation in both a domestic vacation and a vacation abroad increases steeply up to an annual income of €60,000.


The aim of this study is to show how a newly developed aerodynamic lens system (ALS), a delayed ion extraction (DIE), and better electric shielding improve the efficiency of the Aircraft-based Laser ABlation Aerosol MAss spectrometer (ALABAMA). These improvements are applicable to single-particle laser ablation mass spectrometers in general. To characterize the modifications, extensive sizeresolved measurements with spherical polystyrene latex particles (PSL; 150–6000 nm) and cubic sodium chloride particles (NaCl; 400–1700 nm) were performed. Measurements at a fixed ALS position show an improved detectable particle size range of the new ALS compared to the previously used Liu-type ALS, especially for supermicron particles. At a lens pressure of 2.4 hPa, the new ALS achieves a PSL particle size range from 230 to 3240 nm with 50 % detection efficiency and between 350 and 2000 nm with 95 % detection efficiency. The particle beam divergence was determined by measuring the detection efficiency at variable ALS positions along the laser cross sections and found to be minimal for PSL at about 800 nm. Compared to measurements by singleparticle mass spectrometry (SPMS) instruments using Liutype ALSs, the minimum particle beam divergence is shifted towards larger particle sizes. However, there are no disadvantages compared to the Liu-type lenses for particle sizes down to 200 nm. Improvements achieved by using the DIE and an additional electric shielding could be evaluated by size-resolved measurements of the hit rate, which is the ratio of laser pulses yielding a detectable amount of ions to the total number of emitted laser pulses. In particular, the hit rate for multiply charged particles smaller than 500 nm is significantly improved by preventing an undesired deflection of these particles in the ion extraction field. Moreover, it was found that by using the DIE the ion yield of the ablation, ionization, and ion extraction process could be increased, resulting in up to 7 times higher signal intensities of the cation spectra. The enhanced ion yield results in a larger effective width of the ablation laser beam, which in turn leads to a hit rate of almost 100 % for PSL particles in the size range from 350 to 2000 nm. Regarding cubic NaCl particles the modifications of the ALABAMA result in an up to 2 times increased detection efficiency and an up to 5 times increased hit rate. The need for such instrument modifications arises in particular for measurements of particles that are present in low number concentrations such as ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in general, but also aerosol particles at high altitudes or in pristine environments. Especially for these low particle number concentrations, improved efficiencies help to overcome the statistical limitations of single-particle mass spectrometer measurements. As an example, laboratory INP measurements carried out in this study show that the appliPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 5924 H.-C. Clemen et al.: Optimizing the measurement efficiency of a single-particle mass spectrometer cation of the DIE alone increases the number of INP mass spectra per time unit by a factor of 2 to 3 for the sampled substances. Overall, the combination of instrument modifications presented here resulted in an increased measurement efficiency of the ALABAMA for different particle types and particles shape as well as for highly charged particles.


In this paper, we propose a novel non-invasive framework for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer from diffusion-weighted magnetic reasoning imaging (DW-MRI). The proposed approach consists of three main steps. In the first step, the prostate is localized and segmented based on a new level-set model. This model is guided by a stochastic speed function that is derived using nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). The NMF attributes are calculated using information from the MRI intensity, a probabilistic shape model, and the spatial interactions between prostate voxels. In the second step, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the segmented prostate volume is mathematically calculated for different b-values. To preserve continuity, the calculated ADC values are normalized and refined using a Generalized Gauss-Markov Random Field (GGMRF) image model. The cumulative distribution function (CDF) of refined ADC for the prostate tissues at different b-values are then constructed. These CDFs are considered as global features which can be used to distinguish between benign and malignant tumors. Finally, a deep learning auto-encoder network, trained by a non-negativity constraint algorithm (NCAE), is used to classify the prostate tumor as benign or malignant based on the CDFs extracted from the previous step. Preliminary experiments on 42 clinical DW-MRI data sets resulted in 97.6% correct classification (sensitivity = 100% and specificity = 95.24%), indicating the high accuracy of the proposed framework.


A 43-year-old man was admitted with central chest pain and electrocardiogram changes suggesting acute coronary syndrome. An elevated HbA1c concentration, in association with osmotic symptoms, confirmed a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. On review, the man had firm non-tender nodules on the dorsum of both hands. These had been present for several years and his mother's hands had a similar appearance.


The objective of the present study was to formulate and optimize colon targeted tinidazole microspheres. To achieve these objective nine formulations of microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method using Eudragit polymer. A 32 factorial design was employed in formulating the microspheres with concentration of surfactant (A) and stirring speed (B) as independent variables. Percent drug release was considered as dependent variable. The effect of drugpolymer concentration, surfactant concentration, cross-linking agent and stirring speed were evaluated with respect to entrapment efficiency, particle size, surface characteristics, micromeritic properties, DSC study and in vitro drug release studies. The particle size and entrapment efficiency were found to be varied by changing various formulation parameters like surfactant concentration and stirring speed etc. IR study confirmed the drug-polymer compatibility and scanning electron microscopy indicates that the microspheres have the rough and porous surface due to arising as a trace of solvent evaporation during the process. The release profile of tinidazole from Eudragit microspheres was pH dependent. In acidic medium, the release rate was much slower; however, the drug was released quickly at pH 7.4. It is concluded from the present investigation that Eudragit microspheres are promising as a carrier for colon targeted delivery of tinidazole. Keyword: Tinidazole ,Colon targeted ,Microspheres ,Factorial design, Eudragit


This study intends to predict the scope of neutron production and induced radioactivity for two therapy accelerators in Taiwan: 235 MeV proton and 400 MeV/A carbon ion accelerators. For radiation safety concern, much effort has been put into associated benchmark calculations to ensure the quality of predictions. Two Monte Carlo codes FLUKA and MCNPX were applied to calculate the neutron yield from beam bombardment. In addition, FLUKA was used to study the target activation by examining isotope inventory, residual activity, remnant dose rate, and their time behaviour. The calculated results were compared with experimental data published in literature. For the proton-induced neutron yield, FLUKA and MCNPX both well reproduce the measured results over the entire neutron energy range and for various emission angles. For the carbon-induced neutron yield, there exist larger discrepancies between calculations and measurements. Regarding activation related calculations, a factor of two or larger differences between calculations and measurements were observed due to some limitations of underlying nuclear models and uncertainties involved in comparisons. For practical considerations in radiation safety, this study can give us guidance and confidence in using these codes for shielding design and activation analysis of particle therapy accelerators.


Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. A key factor in assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease is left ventricular functional evaluation. Left ventricular (LV) systolic function is evaluated by measuring the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) using echocardiography data. Therefore, quick and accurate left ventricle segmentation is important for estimating the LVEF. However, it is difficult to accurately segment the left ventricle due to changes in the shape and area of the left ventricle during cardiac cycles. In this study, we proposed a framework that considers changes in the shape and area of the left ventricle during the cardiac cycle by applying the convolutional long short-term memory (CLSTM) approach. In addition, we evaluated the left ventricular segmentation and multidimensional quantification of the proposed system in comparison to manual and automated segmentation methods. In addition, to assess the validity of CLSTM, the values of multi-dimensional quantification metrics were compared and analyzed using graphs and Bland–Altman plots on a frame-by-frame basis. We demonstrated that the CLSTM method effectively segments the left ventricle by considering the LV activity. In conclusion, we demonstrated that LV segmentation based on our framework may be utilized to accurately estimate LVEF values.


Background: Access to health care services is one of the important preconditions for ensuring good health that is influenced by many socio-demographic characteristics of the individual population as well as policy interventions. The main objective of this study was to identify the factors that determine healthcare service utilization in rural area of Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Rangpur union of Dumuria Upazila of Khulna division in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 195 household heads administering a structured questionnaire. The study applies principal component analysis (PCA) for determining the factors that affect health care services utilization.Results: Need factors (chronic diseases, disability, child sickness, and old aged parents) play the pivotal role to utilize the health care services. The second important factor that contributes to access to health care services is enabling factors consisting of income, distance to the nearest health care center, health cards/health insurance, land ownership, types of latrine use, and membership in a community group. The predisposing factors i.e. age, sex, religion, occupation and education have the least significant role in utilizing health care services.Conclusions: Utilization of health care services depends mostly on the perception and attitudes of people towards disease and disability. So, policy interventions should be taken to raise awareness among people along with regular monitoring of the activities of health care providers.


This study uses a set of survey data collected from Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) suppliers to categorise supply chain management (SCM) practices into supply chain integration, information sharing, and facility location selection constructs, and subsequently examines the relationship between these constructs and operational performance. We use confirmatory factor analysis to categorise 10 measured variables into our three SCM constructs, and hierarchical cluster analysis to separate the data into two clusters. Multiple regression is used to test the relationship between the constructs and performance. Our analyses support the propositions that SCM practices of ASEAN OEM suppliers in the automotive industry can be grouped into three constructs. Moreover, two of these three constructs are found to be positively related to operational performance. This study suffers from the common limitations related to empirical research, including the reliance on a single respondent from each firm. ASEAN OEM suppliers in the automotive industry can use our results to deploy suitable SCM practices to enhance competitive advantage.


Introduction Flow modeling of Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) systems to achieve uniform gas distribution has been conducted for decades. Often the modeling is deemed successful if the ESP startup performance meets the emissions reduction guarantees. Closer inspection of available flow distribution data from models and actual plant measurements, however, tend to show mixed levels of agreement. In many cases, the correlation between models and actual plant data is still suboptimal when looked at from a detailed statistical view. In particular, correlation between Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and scaled physical models is often not as strong as desired to determine which model provides a better result. To help resolve the discrepancies between modeling methods, detailed research has been performed on a key geometry element of the ESP flow system design: the perforated plate. Also called distribution grids, screens, or simply perf plates, these devices provide flow resistance and back pressure to flatten out the velocity profile. Correct simulation of these perforated plates and their flow resistance is critical to achieving accurate model results and obtaining the end goal of a uniform velocity distribution in the ESP. The research indicates potential flaws in current modeling methods for both CFD and scaled physical models that affect accuracy. As pollution reduction requirements become more stringent and plant operating conditions more varied, the need for more accurate flow model results increases. Using the current research, an improved modeling methodology for perforated plate simulation is suggested based on the findings. This methodology is intended to provide more accurate flow models, leading to enhanced ESP designs and improved operation.


ABSTRACT: This work presents a comprehensive study of the performance of winter tires on snow, ice, and asphalt. A set of 77 different winter tires were carefully selected for the study. Of these, ...


This paper studied the accurate method of making training content of repair works, for solving this problem in army. It made the common flow, and deeply researched the point of selecting the critical tasks. Using DIF model, we can decide the task to "over train", "train" or "no train" from its critical degree.


This chapter focuses on a thorough critique of the source-critical conclusions of previous scholarly approaches to the Hezekiah- Sennacherib narrative. In evaluating the arguments for the Stade-Childs hypothesis, an initial critique will be included with these arguments rather than presented in a separate fashion. Attention to weaknesses in these areas paves the way for the new fresh source-critical analysis, which follows source-critical methodology in an effort to produce an example of source criticism that does not suffer from the same shortcomings. Many scholars have perceived divergent perspectives within the different putative accounts posited by the Stade-Childs hypothesis. Variations in the characterizations of both Hezekiah and Isaiah in the Hezekiah-Sennacherib narrative have often been seen to support the Stade-Childs hypothesis. Arguments based on stylistic differences, divergent perspectives and characterizations did not stand up to scrutiny. The chapter concludes with an evaluation of this fresh analysis.Keywords: Hezekiah- Sennacherib narrative; source-critical analysis; Stade-Childs hypothesis


This paper presents an analysis of the influence of information and telecommunications sector's development on economic growth and increasing international competitiveness. An assessment is made of the level of development of information and telecommunications sector in developed countries and in the CIS. The effect of this development on the implementation of international integration and competitiveness of the post-Soviet region is studied. Top priority tasks in the development of the ICT sector in the system integration of the CIS are identified.


Milk production chain in Brazil has been increasingly innovative, and with increase in knowledge about milk whey and technological advances, this co-product started to be seen as an ingredient of high added value for the food industry. Sour cream, defined by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a cream that results from the acidification by lactic acid bacteria of pasteurized milk cream, is an innovative product in the country and with high nutritional quality. This work aimed to develop a product of the type sour cream replacing the ingredient natural yogurt with a milk beverage fermented based on mozzarella cheese, characterizing the final product by physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes Four formulations of sour cream were developed, investigating the variation in the concentration of citric acid (5, 10, 15 and 20%; m/m), in order to obtain a product with characteristics similar to the traditional. At the end of processing, the different treatments were characterized in terms of pH values, titratable acidity, humidity, total dry extract, proteins, lipids and enumeration of molds and yeasts. The physical-chemical analyzes showed significant differences (p ≤ 0,05), for the results of pH, titratable acidity, humidity, lipids and total dry extract. In the microbiological analysis, the sample with 5% citric acid stood out for presenting a result of minimal contamination (<100 UFC/g). Milk whey has proven to be a viable ingredient, just like sour cream, which presented characteristics similar to the product originating from Mexican culture, presenting itself as a new technological possibility for the Brazilian agribusiness.


The intoxicating properties of alcohol produce well-known and widespread health and social consequences, affecting drinkers, their families, their communities and their countries. However, it is alcohol's biochemical effects on organs other than the brain that are responsible for the chronic diseases that dominate the burden of health conditions attributed to alcohol in current assessments (Shield et al. , 2013). These effects can be toxic, carcinogenic, or potentially beneficial depending on the organ, with health impacts confined to the drinkers themselves. Knowledge of the associations of individual chronic conditions with drinking dose and pattern contributes to discussions about 'safe' patterns of drinking and the 'balance' of health risks and benefits. Two prominent strands of current research are alcohol's contribution to cancers, and continuing debate about whether cardiovascular benefits accrue from drinking.

Recent meta-analyses have quantified the risk of cancer according to average alcohol consumption level for a range of sites (oral, pharyngeal, oesophageal, colorectal, laryngeal and breast cancer), and signal accumulating evidence for other cancers (Bagnardi et al. , 2015). They also show that increases in the risk of some cancers are significant at very low levels of alcohol consumption (Bagnardi et al. , 2013), so apparently there is no threshold below which drinkers are safe.

Based on this type of evidence, the burden of alcohol-attributable cancer deaths has been estimated to be 3.2–3.7% of all cancer deaths in the USA (Nelson et al. , 2013) and 4.2% of all cancer deaths under 80 years of age in New Zealand (Connor et al. , 2015). In both countries, about a third of alcohol-attributable cancer deaths were attributable to average consumption of <20 g per day, and …


The number of medical accidents has recently been increasing in patient environments in Japan. Most of these accidents are ascribed to errors by nurses. Among these, however, are cases that could h...


Antitrust debates regarding competition in data-driven markets, particularly those dominated by digital platforms, have run headlong into issues of privacy. This was inevitable. At the heart of the platform business model is the collection and use, for commercial gain, of unfathomably large amounts of personal in-formation. Such information is the sine qua non of privacy concerns. Given their increasing power as information gate-keepers and intermediaries across swathes of the digital economy, it is barely surprising that platforms find themselves in the line of fire for modern-day privacy concerns.


More frequently after oncological resection, the mandibular reconstruction is done with microsurgically anastomosed free flaps. The titanium implants propose to the patients an oral rehabilitation with best functional and aesthetic results. It is very true in oncological surgery with or without radiotherapy.


In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of human resource management by big data technology, support vector machines are used to complete job matching. The element sample for the employee indicator is sparsely represented to obtain the matrix. The sample is binary classification by a support vector machine to judge the matching degree of employees to positions. Finally, the random transformation function is introduced to achieve dynamic recommendations in the big data environment. The experimental results show that the algorithm has high job matching accuracy, high dynamic recommendation efficiency, and batch recommendation.


We investigate the effect of non-equilibrium electron distributions in the analysis of Thomson scattering for a range of conditions of interest to inertial confinement fusion experiments. Firstly, a generalised one-component model based on quantum statistical theory is given in the random phase approximation (RPA). The Chihara expression for electron-ion plasmas is then adapted to include the new non-equilibrium electron physics. The theoretical scattering spectra for both diffuse and dense plasmas in which non-equilibrium electron distributions are expected to arise are considered. We find that such distributions strongly influence the spectra and are hence an important consideration for accurately determining the plasma conditions.


Background/Aim: Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. Melanoma can potentially involve any organ. In this article, we report on a single-centre experience in emergency surgery for M1c melanoma. Patients and Methods: Twenty-eight consecutive patients with M1c melanoma underwent surgical exploration due to abdominal emergencies. Pre-operative computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis and the location of the affected site. Pre-operative lactate dehydrogenase serum levels and post-operative histopathology findings were recorded. Results: Intestinal obstruction was the most frequent intraoperative finding (75%). The ileum was most frequently affected (28.6%). Multifocal disease and extra-gastrointestinal tract metastases were present in 25% of cases each. Lactate dehydrogenase serum level was increased in 75% of the patients. Most patients underwent an enterectomy. Conclusion: Curative surgery for stage IV melanoma remains debatable, but surgery for patients presenting with abdominal emergencies appears to improve both survival rate and prognosis. Combined novel therapies and surgical resection is currently being studied with promising results.


In recent years, AI-based applications have increasingly been used in real-world domains. For example, game theory-based decision aids have been successfully deployed in various security settings to protect ports, airports, and wildlife. This article describes our unique problem-to-project educational approach that used games rooted in real-world issues to teach AI concepts to diverse audiences. Specifically, our educational program began by presenting real-world security issues, and progressively introduced complex AI concepts using lectures, interactive exercises, and ultimately hands-on games to promote learning. We describe our experience in applying this approach to several audiences, including students of an urban public high school, university undergraduates, and security domain experts who protect wildlife. We evaluated our approach based on results from the games and participant surveys.


Coastal lagoon has experienced a natural geomorphic development process which has been aggraded after the climax of transgression in Holocene. This study estimates superiority on landscape conservation of lagoons and degree of landscape changes during the 20th century as conservation ratios of area and shore length, and analyzes the causes of the changes and classifies the lagoons based on the data by case study of the major 7 coastal lagoons(Hwajinpo, Songjiho, Gwangpoho, Yeongrangho, Maeho, Hyangho, and Gyeongpoho) in the middle East Coast of the Korean Peninsular. Based on the conservation ratios of area and shore length, the areal change is in order of Songjiho(0.56km2, 92%), Hwajinpo(2.06km2, 90%), Yeongrangho(0.96km2, 86%), Hyangho(0.32km2, 76%), Gyeongpoho(0.90km2, 52%), Maeho(0.14km2, 50%), and Gwangpoho(0.07km2, 32%), and the shore length change is in order of Hwajinpo(11.90km, 100%), Hyangho(3.34km, 90%), Yeongnangho(7.21km, 89%), Gyeongpoho(7.11km, 79%), Songjiho(5.56km, 79%), Gwangpoho(1.16km, 62%), and Maeho(2.16km, 58%). Therefore, the characteristics of landscape changes of the lagoons in the study area can be represented in order of Hwajinpo(A1), Hyangho(A2), * 경희대학교 지리학과 및 기초과학연구소 교수(Professor, Dept. of Geography and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Kyunghee University), email@example.com ** 경북대학교지리학과부교수(Associate Professor, Dept. of Geography, Kyungpook National University), firstname.lastname@example.com *** 경희대학교지리학과석사(Master, Dept. of Geography, Kyunghee University), firstname.lastname@example.com **** 경희대학교지리학과석사과정(Graduate student, Dept. of Geography, Kyunghee University), email@example.com 대한지리학회지 제43권 제4호 2008(449~465)


We study the non-negative solutions of the Dirichlet problem where λ≤0, α>2 are constants and Ω is a smooth bounded region in RN, which arises in the Theroy of Combustion. We Study the persistence of an S-Shaped curve for the bifurcation diagram λ=ρ(λ) where , as α is increased. Our methods are based on sub and super solution techniques.


There is resemblance between periodicity of precipitation variability and discharge with periodicity of ENSO variability, that motivate us to investigate a connection between decadal precipitation in Serbia in the period 1951-2000 with Global SST-ENSO Index. Layout, registrated periodicity and significant correlation coefficient confirm certain connection between interdecadal changes of Global SST-ENSO Index and precipitation in Serbia. According to literature we could assume that this connection is realized over the general circulation of the atmosphere.


Over the last decade, the market has experienced a growing interest in hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) technologies, although more long-term studies are needed before air-based PVT panels are fully implemented. In this paper, we present the experimental framework developed around an air-based PVT collector, consisting of a high-quality photovoltaic laminate and a newly designed thermal absorber. The experimental performance of the collector was measured both in lab testing and in a pilot plant during one of the field operations. Results show an almost constant electrical performance of 15–19%, and a thermal performance that changes a lot, ranged between 15–52% for the individual panel and 11–35% for the system of 2.5 panels in series (to maximize output temperature). Field operation presents average thermal and electrical efficiencies ranged between 16–20% with an electrical–thermal generation ratio close to 1:1.


The academic world in general and social science in particular has maintained a long love affair with the term 'problem'. While the meanings associated with the term have varied, the essential status of having a problem, looking at the problem of ... , solving the problem, working on the problem has been virtually synonymous with academic life and work. As a group we are determinedly problem driven! Most recently the adoption of a pedagogy built around the idea of problem-based learning (PBL) has added to our cornucopia of uses of the idea of 'problem'. One small and personally irritating version of the problem theme lies for me in the almost universal adoption of the categorical term 'problematic' when in fact what the writer/speaker appears to mean is that the concept is difŽ cult, controversial or simply is associated with a range of meanings the preferred one of which is not entirely clear. Into this arena comes, as with a breath of clear air, Carol Bacchi's latest book, Women, Policy and Politics: the construction of policy problems. The book itself was long awaited by those fortunate among us who are familiar with Bacchi's work; we have been hearing bits and pieces of this one for some time. For me at least there was a strong whiff of 'What's the problem?' (the underlying theme of the current work) in the paper she gave at the 'Schooldays' conference held at the University of South Australia in September 1996, with an edited version published in the collection to emerge from that conference (Bacchi, 1997). At the time the approach was simple but arresting and the promise of its development was attended with due anticipation. The good news is that the book has lived up to expectations; Bacchi's writing is once again clear and compelling. She achieves a position in which her ability to marshall argument, to ensure that the reader has got the point by careful rehearsal of main themes and the provision of impressive arrays of supporting references, is immediately observable. As a text this book will be of great service to university teachers and supervisors; it embodies its message in that it achieves the initial aim of presenting a particular approach to the study of social policy and it models this approach in applying it to a range of social issues. It is a case of 'Do as I say!' and then 'Watch me do it!' The experience of reading Bacchi's latest work is in some ways akin to a carefully constructed induction into an understanding of the theory and practice of the study of social policy. The book is also extremely pertinent to the framing of research 'problems' and thinking


In this chapter, we show how to transform the light transport problem into an integration problem. This path integral formulation expresses each measurement in the form of a simple integral (rather than as the solution to an integral equation or operator equation, as with the other formulations we have described). where $ is the set of transport paths of all lengths, ! is a measure on this space of paths, and © % ¡ is called the measurement contribution function (to be defined below). The path integral model has several benefits. The main advantage is that by reducing light transport to an integration problem, it allows general-purpose integration methods to be applied. For example, we will show how light transport problems can be solved more robustly using multiple importance sampling (Chapter 9), an integration method that allows several different sampling strategies to be efficiently combined. The path integral model also leads to new techniques for sampling paths. The problem with models based on integral equations is that they only describe scattering from one surface at a time. This leads to light transport algorithms that construct paths incrementally, by recursive sampling of the integral equation. The path integral model takes a more global 219


Synthetic regular triangular joints made of gypsum plaster were cyclicly sheared to measure asperity degradation and mathematical behavior of regular triangular joints. Laboratory cyclic shear tests were conducted for three joint types under three different normal stresses. Asperity degradation and shear strength of joints were found to be a function of joint roughness, normal stress, shearing displacement and number of loading cycles. Based on the experimental results, mathematical models were developed for evaluation of shear strength in cyclic loading conditions. Comparison of the test results with that of the proposed model, it was found a good agreement was observed.


Information and communication are playing an increasingly important and more sophisticated role in humanitarian-service activities involving logistics, organizational learning, health-care delivery systems, assessment, and education. This role is impacted by important trends and environments within which the humanitarian sector operates. These include a shift of focus from providing direct aid to capacity building, empowerment, and assessment; a shift in project focus from technical solutions to broader sociotechnical strategies; and increased emphasis on demonstrating effectiveness, improving efficiency, and collaborating with other organizations. Five articles in this issue address these areas, including two pieces on developing information and communication tools to support the work of humanitarian organizations, two pieces on preparing students to work in the humanitarian environment, and one on organizational culture and the challenge of enhancing organizational learning in the humanitarian sector.


This study is proposed with the main objective of establishing the relationship between the evaluation of teacher performance and school performance in the communication area of the fifth year of secondary school No. 3069 "Generalissimo San Martin". UGEL N ° 04 - Ancon. Lima 2018.
The sample will consist of 60 students from the communication area of the fifth year of secondary education. Questionnaires will be applied to observe the teachers and the information of the school performance will be gathered from the student's study records that will allow us to measure the variables to perform the corresponding correlations and comparisons.
The results obtained allow us to reject the null hypothesis and accept the hypotheses investigated, according to the level of significance of 5%, if there is statistical evidence to affirm that the evaluation of the teaching performance is related to the school performance in the communication area of fifth of secondary of the educational institution n ° 3069 "Generalissimo San Martin". UGEL N ° 04 - Ancon. Lima 2018, according to the Rho correlation of Spearman of 0, 768 and p <0.05, which indicates a positive and significant relationship between teaching performance and academic performance in the communication area of the fifth year of high school education No. 3069 "Generalissimo San Martin". UGEL N ° 04 - Ancon. Lima 2018. Likewise the results of the specific hypotheses we can note that the teaching performance and the intelligence and aptitudes are presented, whose value is Spearman's Rho = 0.593 with a p <0.05, and regarding the school attitude and the teaching performance with Spearman's Rho = 0.563 and p <0.05. The value between the learning procedure and the teaching performance is Rho = 0.543, which points out that there is a significant relationship between the teaching performance and the learning procedure in the communication area of the fifth year of secondary school N ° 3069 " Generalissimo San Martin. " UGEL N ° 04 - Ancon. Lime.


T2*-weighted gradient echo magnetic resonance images of rat brain were obtained dynamically during acute hypoxemic hypoxia to investigate the relations between changes in cerebral blood oxygen saturation(ΔYb), blood hematocrit (Hct), and R2* (ΔR2*). Images from hypoxemic rats with normal Hct (42.8% ± 2.33%; n = 12) were compared with those from hypoxemic rats with mild (33.4% ± 1.88%; n = 8) or moderate (27.14% ± 2.7%; n = 10) reduction of Hct. A linear relation between ΔYb and ΔR2* was obtained for all three groups. However, the slopes of the linear regressions were statistically different from one another (P < 0.001), with the slopes of the regression lines increasing inversely with Hct; that is, the slope for normal Hct is less than the slope for mildly reduced Hct, which is less than the slope for moderately reduced Hct. These data suggest that for any given reduction in the oxygen saturation of cerebral blood, the ΔR2* will be of a lesser magnitude when the hemoglobin concentration is reduced; the data are consistent with existing theoretical models of deoxyhemoglobin content-dependent effects in T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.


A catenated copolymer consisting of cyclic polystyrene (PS) with short poly(2-isopropenylnaphthalene) (PIPN) segments and cyclic polyisoprene (PI) were prepared by living anionic polymerization. The molecular weight of catenated copolymer is 37 kDa. Naphthalene side groups attached to the PIPN segments in the cyclic P(IPN-b-S) were radical-anionized by a reaction with potassium in THF, and telechelic PI was successfully cyclized by a pair of coupled reactions at two close radical-anionized sites on the cyclic chain under dilute conditions. Formation of the catenated copolymer consisting of cyclic P(IPN-b-S) and cyclic PI was confirmed by size-exclusion chromatography using a UV detector with a wavelength of 320 nm for preferential detection of naphthalene moieties. After isolation of the catenated copolymer by fractionation, it was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy that the topologically linked polymers exhibit a nanophase-separated structure in bulk.


Abstract Many Neartic shorebirds migrate to South America for the non-breeding season, and use several key stopover and wintering sites along the Atlantic coast. However, there is little information about annual shorebird use along the northeast coast of Brazil. This year-long study examined the seasonal occurrence and abundance of shorebirds at Atalaia Nova beach in Sergipe State, Brazil. Of the 13 species recorded, the most abundant were Semipalmated Plovers (Charadrius semipalmatus), Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla), and Sanderlings (Calidris alba). Highest numbers occurred between September and March, and the lowest numbers occurred between April and August. Some species were present throughout the year. Atalaia Nova beach is an important migration stopover and wintering site for shorebirds in northeastern Brazil.