The use of an online crowdsourcing platform makes it easier and quicker for researchers to recruit participants online. It also allows researchers to adopt another payment method traditionally used on crowdsourcing platforms: the piece-rate payment method. This paper investigated the effects of the participants' location, the payment method, and the compensation rate on subjective experience, motivation, and perceived payment fairness. This paper extends last year's paper, in which the participants' location and the payment method were the focus of the investigation. Two additional studies have been conducted using piece-rate payment method. The data were analyzed using a 3-way ANOVA and a chi-square test of independence. The results showed that the piece-rate payment method was less likely to attract workers who were motivated to work for money than the quota payment method. There was no difference in perceived payment fairness between using a quota payment method and a piece-rate payment method.


Identifications are presented for absorption features found in the ultraviolet spectrum of the BO V star, tau Scorpii. The spectrum, produced by the Copernicus satellite, covers the wavelengths from 949 to 1560 A. A correction to the first-order wavelength scale of the tau Scorpii atlas is derived.


The isolation, composition, morphology and pasting properties of rice starches from different rice cultivars (N2R, Nerica II rice; IGR, Igbemo rice; ILR, Ilaje rice; and EAR, Efon Alaye rice) were studied. The starches were isolated from their flours by using a modified deproteination method in 0.1% NaOH. The highest starch yield of 65% was obtained from EAR with a residual protein of 0.41% and lowest starch yield of 45.70% from IGR with a residual protein of 0.42%. The AAM concentration of rice starches ranged from 21.88 to 26.04%. The sizes of the starch granules obtained from SEM were between 3 and 8 µm, some of the granules were individual (single) while others were fused (compound granules). The starch granules were small, polygonal and irregular in shape. The pasting parameters were evaluated using rapid visco analyser (RVA). Significant differences were observed in individual pasting parameters such as peak viscosity (PV), breakdown viscosity (BV), final viscosity (FV) and setback viscosity (SV). Cooked ILR starch had the highest PV (279.69 RVU; rapid viscosity units) and BV (52.50 RVU) when compared to the other starches. In contrast, N2R showed the highest FV (329.92 RVU) and SV (102.50 RVU), the latter due to the high concentration of AAM. The results revealed that cultivar has an effect on composition and pasting properties of rice starch.


Abstract : The problem of recovering information from single component linear translation invariant systems is inherently ill-posed. However, this situation may be circumvented in a multichannel system if the components of the system satisfy the strongly coprime condition. The signal may be completely recovered from a strongly coprime system by filtering the output of each channel with a deconvolver, and adding. This approach has been labeled "multichannel deconvolution." The author explores the state of the art for multichannel theory, and then uses sampling theory to develop an alternative method for creating these systems. Modulation techniques are then used to create a strongly coprime system, for which the corresponding deconvolvers are developed. The report concludes with discussions of several applications of the theory.


One hundred fifty‐seven patients with locally unresectable pancreatic carcinoma were randomly allocated to therapy with radiation and 5‐fluorouracil or radiation and Adriamycin (doxorubicin). A total of 138 of 143 analyzable patients have died, and no differences in the relative survival impact of the treatments have been observed (P > 0.8). Toxicity on the Adriamycin arm was more substantial (P < 0.05) and primarily attributable to Adriamycin chemotherapy after the completion of radiotherapy.


Phase behavior in surfactant-water-oil systems is affected by the so-called formulation variables, for example, the nature of the components or their physiochemical environment. One of these variables is the presence of the type and concentration of the alcohol in the systems. The formulation scan varying the ethylene oxide number (EON) of the system were carried out, by means of the mixture of a lypophilic surfactant with another hydrophylic with the purpose of finding the maximum solubility system (Winsor III optimum) and to incorporate in this system the different alcohols with different concentrations to observe the transition change. The partititon coefficient was determined by high performance liquid cromatografic (HPLC). The addition of lineal lipophilics alcohols to these systems provides more polarity to the oil phase in consequence more fractionation towards it same one. It was found that if the alkyl chain of the co-surfactant is above an ACAN (alcohol atom carbon number) equal to 4,5 the 50% of fractionation is not affected by the increment of the concentration neither for the type of alcohol. Key words: non ionic polyethoxylated, surfactants partitioning surfactant, formulation variable.


Optimal Pricing and Partnership Contract for Infrastructure in PPPs. - Over the past twenty years, the growth in the use of ppps for news infrastructures did not knock down the bases of public economics. This article examines, however, in which measure it is advisable to modify the use of the cost-benefit analysis by the public authorities in the case of ppps, in order to optimize either the programming of the investments or their pricing. Of the coherence between these two optimizations results a principle of optimal pricing for programming as well as the shape of contract which corresponds to him. Although these results are probably useful other fields of public policies, this article is inspired by the declension of these questions in the case of transport infrastructures for which it is a crucial issue today.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pharmaceutical industry and presents application of zeaxanthin per se or in combination with rutin or with spremidin, or as with rutin, and with spremidin, for treatment of irritability of hairy part of head skin, including chemical therapy-induced alopecia, androgenic alopecia and telogene with hair loss. EFFECT: invention ensures extension of arsenal of means for treating disorders of hairy part of head skin. 20 cl, 23 ex, 4 dwg


This document contains a short summary of results, achieved using the alternative skills assessment system developed for Mobile Education Center. The system was designed as client-server application and can be used for automated examination of practical skills and knowledge in the area of digital systems design and modelling using VHDL. The communication in Mobile Education Center is based on wireless technology (Wi-Fi) but the system is equally well-functioning in wired LAN environment. One of our main goals was to implement protection against plagiarism during the process of student's knowledge testing, therefore the secured wireless communication between client and server parts of the application is supported by specially designed communication protocol.


This document describes the BREATH computer code, including the mathematical and numerical formulation for the simulator, usage description, and sample input files with corresponding output files. The BREATH computer code is designed to simulate one-dimensional flow of a liquid phase and dispersive transport of the corresponding vapor species, coupled with energy transfer, in a heterogeneous porous medium. The BREATH simulator has been developed for use in auxiliary analyses which are a part of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Iterative Performance Assessment program. The simulator was developed in response to the observation from Total System Performance Assessments by both the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the US Department of Energy that total-system performance at the Yucca Mountain site in Nevada is highly sensitive to the infiltration rate. Accordingly, this first version of the code is primarily intended to simulate processes important to infiltration and evaporation in climatic and hydrologic near-surface environments representative of the Yucca Mountain site. The simulation model assumes that there is an immobile solid phase, a mobile liquid phase, and an optional infinitely mobile gas phase. The liquid may have an associated vapor species, assumed to be in equilibrium with the liquid phase. The vapor phase may only move via diffusion within the gas phase. Energy may be transported in the form of enthalpy, thermal conduction, and latent heat. The temperature range is assumed to be between 0 and 100{degree}C. Available boundary conditions include six liquid-phase conditions, four vapor-species conditions, and three energy conditions, all of which may be applied independently to either end of the domain. Meteorological conditions may also be input, thereby providing additional control over boundary fluxes. Boundary conditions may be updated as often as desired.


Abstract The amplification and the bandwidth of a multistage amplifier are complicated by the internal feedback in each amplifier. In the following a method is given for the calculation of such multistage amplifiers, resulting in formulae for the total amplification and the bandwidth of an n-stage amplifier.


Objective To establish a rapid specific quantitative assay for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A.Methods Design and synthesize the primers and TaqMan probe targeted at the genes of femB and SEA.68 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus originating from stool smaples were analyzed.Results The sensitivity of the assay for Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A was 1.0×10~2 copies.Among 68 samples,11 strains were positive for enterotoxins A(16.2%,11/68).Conclusion The TaqMan PCR could rapidly exactly detect the Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A.


Nowadays, in the world of modern businesses, it has become a trend to switch to cloud computing by deploying their workflow applications. Nevertheless, workflow scheduling is a challenging task because of the dependency among its tasks, high computational intensity, and heterogeneous behavior of resources. Execution time and trust for virtual machines on which the tasks are to be scheduled is the most difficult job during resource allocation and raises considerable problems. Thus, management of reducing of Makespan time and allocation of tasks to the virtual machine having the highest trust value at the same time is necessary. It becomes a multi-objective problem. Regarding the current issue, we address a multi-objective function of trust and the execution time for the selection of virtual machines for the allocation of workflow tasks. We have proposed MOGAACO, a multi-objective function-based approach using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) for scheduling workflows. For the generation of initial pheromone, ACO invokes GA. With the designed multi-objective function three parameters are evaluated, Load Balance Level (LBL), Makespan, Resource Utilization (RU). CloudSim simulator is used for simulation of experimental results and the proposed algorithms perform better than the basic ACO, GA, and heuristic algorithm MIN-MIN.


Category: Small Intestine Aims: To evaluate the role of fine needle peritoneal aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the emergency wards of Medical College Hospital, Trivandrum, India from Feb. 2001 to March 2003. Eighty patients above the age of 13 years with a clinical acute appendicitis were included in the study. All patients underwent open appendicectomy. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the peritoneal fluid was done in these patients prior to appendicectomy and the results were correlated with the histopathological findings. Patients with history of prior laparotomy or features of generalised peritonitis were excluded from the study. Results: Out of 80 patients 64 had a positive cytology of acute appendicitis. Histopathological examination showed acute appendicitis in 67 patients. FNAC showed a sensitivity of 92.53% and specificity of 85%. FNAC has a positive predictive value of 97% and is effective as a screening procedure for acute appendicitis Conclusions: FNAC is a simple, rapid and cost effective procedure, which aids in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and helps in devising a management strategy. Its application becomes relevant in developing countries where non-invasive investigations are a luxury for the poor.


Probing neutrinoless double beta decay is one of the primary goals for SNO+, SNOLAB's multi-purpose neutrino detector. In order to achieve this goal the SNO detector has been adapted so that it can be filled with Te-loaded liquid scintillator. During the initial double beta phase the target loading is 0.3% natural Te, which equates to $\sim790$ kg of double beta isotope. Estimating the sensitivity to neutrinoless double beta decay requires a well understood background model. For SNO+ this is provided by a comprehensive study considering all possible background contributions, whether they originate from within the liquid scintillator cocktail, the surrounding parts of the detector or other irreducible backgrounds. Given these considerations, for five years running in the initial phase, the expected sensitivity is $T_{1/2}^{0\nu\beta\beta} = 9.4\times10^{25}$ at 90% CL. In these proceedings we introduce the Majoron-emitting neutrinoless double beta decay modes, to which SNO+ may also be sensitive.


Discrepancy of the data about neuronal metabolism, factors of apoptosis in brain tissues after ischemia-reperfusion, and also difficulty of evaluation prediction value of rehabilitation efficiency at patients with an insult have determined urgency of problem and expediency of realization of morphological researches at an experimental ischemia of a brain in various terms after reperfusion. Model of brain blood circulation disturbances was reproduced by clipping the right trunk of an anonymous artery for 40 minutes at rats. Morphological investigation was done after 1, 6, 24 hours and 3 and 7 days after reperfusion. Histological preparations studied by light microscopy after hematoxilin eosin treatment, immunohistochemical researches of Bcl-2 was done by "DAKO Citomation LCAB-2" (Denmark). It is established, that at experimental occlusion-reperfusion at brain observed changes are accrue in time after reperfusion. The greatest changes are found out in 6 hours after reperfusion when first attributes of apoptosis were established. There is reaction of socked formation around neuron by Bcl-2 labeled monoclonal antibodies. At the 7th day there were no apoptosis in brain tissues, but there was necrotic destruction. Necrotic process characterizes with the zone of fusions and independent arrangement Bcl-2 positive cells in the samples. Morphological changes in brain were shown as a hypostasis, chromatolis, which achieved maximal expressiveness at 24 hours after reperfusion, characterized by swelling of neurons, dispersion of tigroid and nuclear basophylia. These attributes are adverse and can be examined as predictors of necrosis, developing on 7 day in brain after occlusion-reperfusion.


In the real-time embedded system, how to schedule more real-time tasks has been a difficult point. The nontrivial upper bound of execution time of the real-time task is the key. The analysis of hit-miss behavior of the instruction cache is a problem for the estimation of the nontrivial upper bound, especially more difficult after using shared set-associative instruction caches. And the computation of results for the dynamic problem is a challenge due to the shortcomings of the classic method ILP. In this paper, we present a model for the prediction of nontrivial upper bound, prove that the prediction of the hit-miss number of the shared set-associative instruction cache is a dynamic multi-objective optimization problem, and design a dynamic multi-objective optimization algorithm for the estimation of solution. Simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for computing the nontrivial upper bound.


Lori Sadwin O'Leary Personality Traits and Addiction Relapse Rates: Is There a Connection 2000 Dr. John Klanderman Graduate Program of School Psychology The purpose of this study was to examine what differences, if any, there were in personality trait levels of Neuroticism and Conscientiousness between addicts/ alcoholics who relapsed and those who remained abstinent. It was hypothesized that high levels of Neuroticisms combined with low levels of Conscientiousness would be associated with relapsing addicts and low levels of Neuroticism combined with high levels of Conscientiousness would be associated with abstaining addicts. Fifty-one subjects participated in this study and their personality traits were measured with the NEO-FFI, a self-reporting personality questionnaire. Relapse and abstinence was observed over a three-month period. A one-way ANOVA showed significance between the personality traits and relapse. The results supported the hypothesis. The levels of Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were significantly different between relapsing and abstaining addicts. Additional factors, including drug of choice, socio-economic background, employment, age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, length of time using, number of previous treatment attempts, and previous psychiatric history were studied for significance with relapse. Although many of these factors were significantly correlated with each other, only the length of time using and gender were significant with relapse.


Earthquakes occurring naturally or induced by human activities can damage surface and subsurface infrastructure. Oil and gas wells represent a category of subsurface infrastructure that can act as leakage pathways connecting oil and gas reservoirs, groundwater aquifers, and the atmosphere. The integrity of these wells can be compromised through a wide range of processes and contribute to groundwater contamination, greenhouse gas emissions, and air quality degradation. We estimate the increase in such subsurface leakage potential due to seismic activity through geospatial analysis of 579,378 oil and gas well and 196,315 earthquake (magnitudes greater than 1.0) locations in Oklahoma, California, and British Columbia. We perform density-based clustering analysis and point density mapping using ArcGIS. We combine the well and earthquake point density maps to identify hot spots of joint high well and earthquake densities. We find that oil and gas wells and earthquakes are clustered in space, with densities reaching ∼60 wells per km2 and ∼40 earthquakes per km2 in California. There are at least two hot spots where these clusters overlap in each state/province. In Oklahoma and British Columbia, the hot spots are more correlated with earthquake densities; while, in California, the hot spots are more correlated with well densities. Our findings indicate the need to investigate the role of earthquakes on wellbore leakage through additional analysis of earthquake characteristics, wellbore attributes, improved data collection, and empirical field studies for all oil and gas wells, including those that are abandoned. In particular, large scale geospatial analysis establishing the scope of the problem and empirical field studies focusing on identified hot spots are needed to understand potential environmental impacts of earthquakes, especially those induced by oil and gas activities.


Control system of items purchased by a customer in a shop. # The system is based on a mall provides customers after identifying them, a useful transport (1) which will introduce the purchased items until reaching the corresponding cash register (7) or dispensing / pick-up units (2), providing beacons (4) along the route to carry out monitoring and position the tool transport (1), as well as items inserts or removes the tool (1) itself, provided by (3) in this sensor, all in combination with a redesign of anti-theft devices (5) incorporating the items purchased, to provide an identification code for any purpose. The system is achieved by controlling the transport tools (1) used by customers during the time of purchase in a commercial area, as well as obtain data concerning the behavior of customers during its passage through the commercial area.


United Utilities is one of the largest dam owners in the UK with over 150 embankment dams, typically built between the 1850s to late 1890s. The majority fall under the auspices of the 1975 Reservoi...


Sustainable urban mobility is a promising concept, but there are significant challenges. Håkan Lutz, CEO and founder of tech company Luvly, looks at the questions this potential new wave of mobility creates, and tells us why his light urban vehicle, the Luvly O, is the answer


This paper presents a bandwidth-reduction oriented optimization for video encoding upon a platform-based architecture. We develop a bit-true C simulation model to estimate the system performance as well as to accelerate the HW design time and shorten the simulation/verification iteration. Its customized architecture can provide a solid evaluation before a real design is undertaken. The proposed accelerator contains two major modules which are designed by optimizing in bandwidth cost and application usage. The first one is a motion engine which takes charge of motion detection and estimation. The other module is a block engine which is well scheduled in block-based data flow and supports multi-standard (JPEG, H.263 and MPEG-4 SP) encoding. A novel data alignment method in frame memory reduces the bus bandwidth to 30% of the original. We verify our design in a 120 MHz AMBA platform and prove the capability of 30 fps VGA size encoding.


In this paper we have solved the heat transfer equation by means of the Volterra integral equation and Legendre Wavelets. Since, due to numerical facts, solution of the related partial differential equation is difficult, thus we have applied integral equation model. The integral equation model of this system is a Volterra type of the first kind. These systems are ill posed system, and appropriate method for such systems are wavelets, since wavelets can be generated in the space of solutions. In this work we apply the Legendre wavelets to solve the corresponding integral equation. Numerical implementation of the method is illustrated by benchmark problems originated from heat transfer. The behavior of the initial heat function along with the position axis during the time have been shown through three dimensional plots.


The mechanism of the rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid was investigated by initial rate measurements using the complex [(dppp)Rh(hfacac)] (A) (dppp = Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2, hfacac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) as a catalyst precursor in DMSO/NEt3 and by ab initio calculations using cis-[(H3P)2Rh] as a model fragment for the catalytically active site. The kinetic data are consistent with a mechanism that involves rate limiting product formation by liberation of formic acid from an intermediate that is formed via two reversible reactions of the actual catalytically active species first with CO2 and then with H2. The calculations provide for the first time a theoretical analysis of the full catalytic cycle of CO2 hydrogenation. They give detailed insight into the structure of possible intermediates and their transformations during the individual steps. The results suggest σ-bond metathesis as an alternative low energy pathway to a classical oxidative addition/reductive elimination sequence for th...


Memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane) is a moderate-affinity uncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. In the present study, we have explored the effect of memantine against N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced seizures in neonatal rats. Here, we evaluated various behavioral seizure abnormalities in neonatal rats (Sprague Dawley; post-natal day 9) after an intraperitoneal administration of NMDA. Further, we explored whether an acute administration of memantine could protect these neonates against different phases of convulsions induced by NMDA. In a separate study, we have compared the effect of levetiracetam in the same animal model. Exogenous administration of NMDA (30 mg/kg., i.p.) in neonatal rats resulted in arrest of activity, emprosthotonos curvature (trunk is bent forward by the entire muscles), myoclonic jerks, forelimb/hindlimb clonus. The clonus phase in neonates was followed by loss of righting reflex and continuous seizures (for more than 5 min) suggesting status epilepticus, tonic extension and death. Pretreatment of memantine hydrochloride (10-30 mg/kg., i.p.) dose-dependently delayed the onset of different phases of convulsions induced by NMDA. Memantine at the highest dose was found to be ataxic in rat neonates while lower doses were free of any observed behavioral signs of toxicity. Levetiracetam (25 mg/kg.,i.p.) when administered 30 minutes before the NMDA challenge blocked only the jerk phase and did not affect other phases of NMDA-induced convulsions. These data indicated that memantine and other safer uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists may be protective in the management of neonatal seizures.


Power control based on signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) alone usually causes a vicious circle, due to which every mobile station (MS) continuously increases its transmitted power (Tx/spl I.bar/power) to achieve the desired SIR (SIRd) in order to guarantee its quality of service (QoS). This leads to an infeasible power control problem, due to which MS transmits with the maximum power but fails to achieve the SIRd. Besides, the severity of the vicious circle problem in Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) power control systems is a function of the number of users in the system (N/sub user/); therefore, in this paper, a Fuzzy Weighting Controller (FWC) functioning to Tx/spl I.bar/power of each MS (Tx/spl I.bar/power/sup (i)/) and N/sub user/ in each cell site (N/sub user//sup (j)/) having i/sup th/ MS inside is introduced to individually weight its SIR-based power control adjusting factors output from Fuzzy Proportional-plus-Integral Controller (FPIC) in order to prevent each MS from an infeasible power control problem. Moreover, three types of N/sub user//sup (j)/ are assigned in the simulated system; i.e., 1) N/sub user//sup (j)/ is equally fixed, 2) N/sub user//sup (j)/ is equally changed, and 3) N/sub user//sup (j)/ is randomly changed. In the DS-CDMA cellular system, QoS enhancement basically reduces the system capacity; however, by solving the infeasible power control problem with the proposed algorithm, the average outage probability, the average infeasible outage probability, and the average transmitted power of each MS in all cases of N/sub user//sup (j)/ assignment, as shown in simulation results, are reduced. These show that the proposed power control algorithm can simultaneously enhance QoS and the capacity of the system.


Aluminium was used as a chemical modifier for the determination of lead in sugar cane spirit samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS). Pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis time and atomisation temperature were 800 °C, 20 s and 1800 °C, respectively. The aluminium mass was 3 µg. Lead was quantified with limits of detection and quantification of 0.14 and 0.47 µg L−1, respectively, and a characteristic mass of 24 pg. Analyte addition experiments demonstrated that external calibration can be performed with aqueous standards. The precision, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD%), was 3.11% for a sample with a lead concentration of 3.00 µg L−1. There is currently no certified reference material for sugar cane spirits, so a standard reference material of orchard leaves was used to confirm accuracy. The proposed method was used to determine the lead content of five sugar cane spirit samples from Salvador City, Brazil. Their lead contents varied from 3.00 to 19.61 µg L−1. The samples were also analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after acid digestion in a closed system. No statistical difference was observed between the results obtained by both methods.


The purpose of the study is to analyze of Birlesik Metal Is's strike decision and strike application process. Research type is activity research, research method is social psychological experimental study with focus group discussion with union management and union members and observation.


Purpose. The rationale for heating seeds by contact in a vacuum by analyzing the solutions of the differential equation of unsteady heat conduction.
Methods. The differential heat equation, the Fourier method, the Sturm-Livull problem and the Dirac δ-function are used.
Results. Based on the Fourier method and the Sturm-Livull problem, a differential heat equation is obtained, which makes it possible to determine the kinetics of seed heating depending on the thickness of the layer at a known temperature of the heating surface. A graphical analysis of the solution of the differential heat equation showed that for uniform drying of the seeds in vacuum it is necessary to apply mixing during drying.
Conclusions. The analysis of the contact heating technological process, which was carried out on the basis of solving the differential equation of unsteady heat conduction, showed that the heating rate of seeds nonlinearly decreases with increasing layer thickness. This leads to uneven drying of the seeds in a vacuum. Therefore, the use of only one contact surface for heating seeds in a vacuum is impractical.
Keywords: seeds, contact heating, heating temperature, layer thickness, vacuum, drying, heating.


Using National Instrument's LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench), a graphical programming language, we have measured the junction characteristics of different diodes in the temperature range 273-373 K. The PCI-6024E Data Acquisition Board and BNC-2120 for the acquisition of the data have been used. LabVIEW's Controls and Functions enable one to control the experiment, measure the parameters, analyze and process the data. Ideality factor η, reverse saturation current I 0 , and material constant B have been evaluated using I-V characteristics. The barrier height Φ B and the band-gap energy E G , have been measured and compared using both I-V and C-V characteristics. For Schottky diode, the series resistance R s , and Φ B can be calculated using the Norde method. The band-gap energy has been measured using constant current source. Here, we have characterized p-n junction diodes viz. 1N5402, 1N5408, 1N4148, and 6A4. In addition, LabVIEW may be used to characterize other junction diodes like zener diode, LED, varactor diode, Schottky diode, etc.


Students emergencies in university and college because of the particularity of their own have increasingly been of great importance.As the shepherd and guide of the university students healthy development,the college instructors have the very vital role in dealing with students' emergencies.The college instructors should make the role clear in students' emergencies firstly,understand their responsibility,and on this base act to ensure the smooth progress of carrying out the university students' management work.


This paper takes research on comparison of design of multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) with different feeding techniques i.e. Line feed technique and Inset line feed technique. To accomplish multiband frequency, proposed finite element method is employed to design the rectangular MPA. The rectangular shapes and a circular slot are meandered on the patch to improve the gain of antenna. The proposed antenna is designed on FR4 Epoxy substrate and can resonate at four frequencies (with line feed technique) and three unique frequencies (with inset line feed technique) respectively between 2 GHz-9GHz in which it is recommended to be useful in S , C and X bands respectively. Along with that the proposed design has improved return loss of 6.8%, gain of 364% with the existing designs in C Band (4-5 GHz).


For the purpose of accurately judging cutter change time,saving cutter costs,ensuring safe construction,a comprehensive,in-depth analysis and summary of shield cutter wear rules and cutter wear reducing and resistance measures is done from the aspect of the adaptability of cutterhead and cutter to ground conditions,based on related domestic and foreign engineering technical data.In addition,based on the above research results,some study objects are proposed as follows:cutter wears prediction and detection technology;the theory of selective and active cutter change;systematic research on optimized cutters arrangement and cutter wear reducing and resistance.


There are currently no effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) which has prompted research into alternative therapeutic options; one such promising option is intranasal insulin (INI). Although INI treatment over 4 months improved memory, no study has verified whether INI administration elevates insulin in the central nervous system and whether elevations are accompanied by enhanced memory performance.


A series of new core-shell fibers were developed containing anticancer drugs (5-fluorouracil or ferulic acid) and their cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, with a gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. These were prepared by electrospinning, a simple method for producing ultra-fine fibers through the application of a strong electrostatic force on a polymer solution. The shell of the fibers was formed from Eudragit S100, and the drugs were loaded in the core. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the formation of smooth ribbon-like fibers, with diameters ranging from 1.4 to 5.1 μm, and transmission electron microscopy reveals a transparent interface between the core and shell compartments. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry data confirmed the encapsulation of the drug into the cyclodextrin cavity and the formation of amorphous solid dispersions in the fibers. Drug release from the systems at pH 1 and 7 showed that all the drug loading was released within one hour at pH 1. Based on these results, it is proposed that the relatively low molecular weight drugs were able to diffuse out of the system into the release medium at acidic pH, despite the insolubility of the shell polymer under these conditions. These findings have important implications for the design of electrospun drug delivery systems.


A large number of aqueducts were built in China in the 1950s and 1980s, and there are still quite a few aqueducts still undertaking water delivery tasks. Evaluation of existing aqueducts is an important measure to ensure safe water delivery. In order to cope with problems such as the long construction period of the aqueduct and the lack of original design materials, this paper comprehensively uses digital technologies such as drone aerial photography, BIM, and three-dimensional laser scanning. Take Dabeishan Aqueduct for example, carrying out safety test and evaluation. The adopted methods has enriched the methods of safety evaluation of aqueducts and improved the quality of safety evaluation.


Journal of Contemporary Teacher Education is an annual publication ofSecondary Teacher Education Department, Faculty of Education, AllamaIqbal Open University, Islamabad. Articles published in the journal areselected on the basis of quality. Views expressed in the journal are thoseof authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Journal ofContemporary Teacher Education


Currently, affect and emotions are a widely discussed political topic. At least since the early 1990s, different disciplines—from the social sciences and humanities to science and technoscience—have increasingly engaged in studying and conceptualizing affect, emotion, feeling, and sensation, evoking yet another turn that is frequently framed as the "affective turn." Within queer feminist affect theory, two positions have emerged: following Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick's well‐known critique, there are either more "paranoid" or more "reparative" approaches toward affect. Whereas the latter emphasize the potentialities of affect, the former argue that one should question the mere idea of affect as liberation and promise. Here, I suggest moving beyond a critique or celebration of affect by embracing the political ambivalence of affect. For this queer feminist theorizing of affective politics, I adapt Jacques Rancière's theory of the political and particularly his understanding of emancipation. Rancière takes emancipation into account without, however, uncritically endorsing or celebrating a politics of liberation. I draw on his famous idea of the "distribution of the sensible" and reframe it as the "distribution of emotions," by which I develop a multilayered approach toward a nonidentitarian, nondichotomous, and emancipatory queer feminist theory of affective politics.


In recent years, scientists and extension agencies have become much more aware of the
high potential productivity of Vertisols and associated soils. However, one gap in
current knowledge is how best to assess the phosphorus status of these heavy black
clay soils. Crops on Vertisols have appeared to be less responsive to phosphorus
fertilizers than those grown on other soils. This difference has been explained by
various hypotheses, notably high fixation of fertilizer phosphorus and poor prediction
of soil-available phosphorus by the Olsen test. As yet no hypothesis has been unanimously
accepted. Part of the difficulty lies in the fact that much of the information is
scattered. By bringing together scientists who have actually studied some aspect of
phosphorus in Vertisols, this workshop aimed to develop a better understanding of
past work and future research needs.


The relevance of the measurement and analysis of teachers' professional performance is based on the fact that teachers largely determine the quality of education at schools. The measurement of the latent variable "teacher's professional performance" is done within the framework of the theory of latent variables based on the Rasch model. It was shown that the set of indicators has a high differentiating ability. The results of the measurement of this latent variable are used to compare the quality of professional activities of teachers of mathematics, history, Russian language, and literature as well as primary school teachers. No statistically significant differences were found between the professional performance of teachers of mathematics, history, and primary school teachers. The quality of professional activity of teachers of Russian language and literature is lower. The results of the measurement of teachers' professional performance were used for comparison of schools. As one would expect, the highest quality of professional performance of teachers is in high schools and lowest in the primary schools; secondary schools occupy an intermediate position. Teachers' professional performance is defined operationally, using a set of indicators. This set of indicators can be adjusted to clarify the content of the latent variable "teacher's professional performance".


Animal-vehicle collisions affect human safety, property and wildlife. The number of these types of collisions has increased substantially over the last decades. This report describes the results of a project that explored the prospects for a relatively new mitigation measure to reduce animal-vehicle collisions: animal detection systems. Animal detection systems use high tech equipment to detect large animals when they approach the road. Once a large animal is detected, warning signs are activated urging drivers to reduce the speed of their vehicles, be more alert, or both. Lower vehicle speed and increased alertness may then lead to fewer and less severe collisions with such animals as deer (Odocoileus sp.), elk (Cervus elaphus) or moose (Alces alces). This report documents Phase I of the project (October 1999 - December 2005). The report identifies existing animal detection system technologies and their vendors; describes the selection of two experimental detection systems and their installation at two field sites; documents the experiences with planning and design, installation, operation and maintenance; documents test results on the reliability of the two systems; documents system acceptance; and provides advice for the future development and application of animal detection systems.


Heilongjiang Province is not only an important industrial base,agricultural base,but also an important energy base in China.Comparatively speaking, Heilongjiang Province is short of water resources and it is more and more remarkable that water resources are restricting economic development.The paper gives a general picture of water resources;studies water resources characters and sustainable utilization in Heilongjiang Province and put forward some countermeasures.


An industrial digital intelligent continuous monitoring and analysis system, comprising the steps of: a data collection and distribution step; 2, distributed data processing step; 3, kiln positioning step; 4, image generating step; 5, data analysis processing step; 6, alerting step. It is modular, i.e., between modules and independent mutual cooperation, full data sharing, resource characteristics independent mechanism, making the system design more rational, more easy to expand and maintain. Combined with OPC technology, SOCKET asynchronous communication technology, DirectX technology, DCOM technology, and the C # GDI + technology, ADO.NET technology, file I / O interface technology and other international advanced technology to make the system more powerful, high performance, good compatibility , scalability and other features.


Abstract : We show that Coulomb interaction within a delta-layer of donors is governed by the neighboring two-dimensional hole gas. It has been found experimentally that the interface luminescence band displays pronounced blue shift when the two-dimensional holes recombine with delta-donors. Our analysis confirms that uniform distribution of the delta-dopants provides adequate description of the energy shift versus excitation level.


The mathematical models for determining the resource of support cone bits are investigated
under different conditions and drilling modes are investigated . Based on the results of the research
a mathematical model for defining the resource supports, considering real conditions
and modes of drilling is offered.


Laboratory studies showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila and Acinetobacter anitratum are more resistant to chlorine and ozone than Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant of all strains tested and was selected as test organism for pilot plant studies on the efficiencies of chlorine and ozone disinfection. The disinfectants proved equally efficient for the disinfection of chlorine demand-free water but ozone was much more efficient in the case of water with a chlorine demand. This difference was confirmed to be due to the property of chlorine to react with nitrogenous substances to form chloramines which are less efficient disinfectants than chlorine. Ozone does not share this property. Laboratory studies showed that ozone was highly efficient in the chemical oxidation of the pesticides parathion, fenthion, lindane and dieldrin and the detergents Manoxol OT and LAS. These compounds are not oxidized under conventional conditions of chlorination. Consideration of the above findings and other advantages and disadvantages of chlorine and ozone accentuate the value of using appropriate combinations of disinfectants for the treatment of certain waters. A final treatment sequence of ozonation, activated carbon filtration and chlorination may improve costs and efficiency of water reclamation.


Information technique binds every social section, profession, area and country into a new social form of organization ,i.e, the virtual society. The virtual society made people's life style and thinking method change dramatically to cause great contradictions and conflicts between the real society and virtual society in country's security, collective request, and individual association. In order to dispel negative influence of human life from the virtual society, the article puts forward the conception of coordination from three sides such as the subjective , objective of social system, mutual pattern and so on. It not only prompts real society and virtual society generating benignant circulation, but also sets up the charming home in which mankind exists together.


In order to make it possible for an image data acquisition and storage system used for aerial photographic survey to have a continuous storage speed of 144 MB/s and data storage capacity of 260GB, three main problems have been solved in this paper. First, with multi-channel synchronous DMA transfer, parallel data storage of four SCSI hard disks is realized. It solved the problem of the data transfer rate too high for direct storage. Then, to increase the data transfer rate, a high speed BUS based on LVDS and a SCSI control circuit based on FAS368M were designed. It solved the problem of PCI BUS limiting the storage speed. Finally, the problem of the SCSI hard disk continuous storage speed declining led by much time interval between two DMA transfers is solved by optimizing DMA channel. The practical system test shows that the acquisition and storage system has a continuous storage speed of 150 MB/s and a data storage capacity of 280GB. Therefore, it is a new storage method for high speed and mass image data.


The effect of endwall contouring on the unsteady flow through a turbine rotor D.I. Dunn Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa. Dissertation: PhDEng (Mech) December 2014 With increasing environmental concerns and the drive for a greener economy comes an increased desire to improve turbine engine fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Unfortunately weight reduction techniques used increase the blade loading, which in turn increases the losses. Non-axisymmetric endwall contouring is one of several techniques being investigated to reduce loss in a turbine. An investigation at Durham University produced a non-axisymmetric endwall design for a linear cascade. An adaption of the most promising endwall was investigated in an annular rotating test rig at the CSIR using steady state instrumentation. The current investigation extends those investigations into the unsteady time domain. Previous investigations found that a generic rotor endwall contour improved efficiency by controlling the endwall secondary flow vortex system in both a linear cascade and an annular 11⁄2 stage rotating test turbine. The current research was aimed at determining if there were any unsteady effects introduced by the contoured endwall. The approach was unique in that it investigated the unsteady effects of an endwall contour originally designed for a linear cascade both experimentally and numerically at three incidence angles (positive, zero and negative to represent increased load, design load and decreased load respectively), the results of which are openly available. Unsteady experimental hotfilm results showed that the endwall contour made the velocity profile more radially uniform by reducing the strength of the endwall secondary flow vortex system. The fluctuations in the velocity were also reduced producing a more temporally uniform velocity profile. The FFT magnitude of the velocity at the blade passing frequency below midspan was also reduced. It was found that the reduction in the endwall secondary flow vortex system due to the contour increased with increasing loading. Numerical results showed that the oscillations in the flow were small and did not penetrate the boundary layer. The contoured rotor was forward and aft loaded when compared to the annular rotor, resulting in a weaker cross passage pressure gradient which allowed the endwall secondary flow vortex system to be less tightly wrapped. Numerical results did ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


Objective To study effects of scorpion tegument protein(STP) on immunological function in normal mice and provide experimental data for searching new compounds.Methods Resazurin and MTT assay were used to detect the effects of scorpion tegument water-soluble protein,scorpion tegument keratin protein (STKP) and STP component Ⅱ(STPⅡ) on the transformation of T and B lymphocytes,and NK cell activity in normal mice.Results By ig STP and STKP,the proliferation response of T lymphocyte in murine spleen was higher than that in normal control group,while only there was significant difference between low-dose of STP group compared with the normal control group(P0.001).Administration of STKP by ig in both large-and small-dose groups also significantly increased B lymphocytes proliferation response(P0.05,0.01).Activity of NK cells had raising trend in high-and low-dose of STP and STKP groups compared with the normal control group. However,STPⅡ(100 and 200 mg/kg) showed extremely inhibitory effects on T and B lymphocyte proliferation response.STPⅡ(200 mg/kg) could inhibit activity of NK cell,but there was no significant difference compared with the control group.Conclusion STP and STKP possess potential immuno-improving effects and STPⅡ has immuno-suppressive effects.It indicates that STP has the immuno-regulating activity that should be studied furtherly.


ABSTRACT The aim of this work has been to develop new composites using filler and resins obtained from renewable resources, combining low cost and good mechanical properties. The raw materials selected for the polymeric matrix were tannin extracts and plant oils. The tannin extracts are potential substitutes for phenol-formaldehyde wood-bonding adhesives and the vegetable oils can be functionalized to obtain unsaturated polyester resins to be further used in polymeric matrix formulations. Tannin and oil based composites using pine woodflour as filler were prepared and mechanically tested. The effect of the humidity on the mechanical properties was also evaluated.


Modern perceptions of good corporate governance assume that the general meeting has a meaningful role in the governance of listed companies and that shareholders make responsible use of their voting rights. Assessments after the financial crisis, however, indicate that institutional investors by and large are not engaged in any meaningful way. This paper analyses various factors that may lead institutional investors to be uninterested and unknowledgeable, including standard investment practices based on modern portfolio theory, diversification, prudency and solvency rules, intermediation through asset managers, fiduciary duties and portfolio manager remuneration. The paper distinguishes three types of engagement: Compliance, intervention and stewardship and argues that stewardship by institutional investors requires a radical rethinking and redesigning of institutional investment. Measures suggested by the European Commission in its Green Paper on Governance of Listed Companies may remove some obstacles and provide for some incentives but will not be enough to affect such transformation.


A system point of view and method are basic factors in HVAC's research work.The distributed control system of HVAC is a large scale system,which possesses hierarchical and decentralized control structure.A better understanding of refrigeration and air conditioning processess is the premise and foundation to realize the optimization and control of these systems.


ABS TRACT Objective: Kinesiophobia is defined as fear of acting due to belief of predisposition to injury. It causes physical activity limitation. There are many factors in the older age population that affect poor recovery after stroke. Central pain after stroke is a neuropathic pain disorder with unknown pathogenesis. Here, we aimed to evaluate association of kinesiophobia with poststroke central pain and the stroke severity in stroke patients at rehabilitation program. Material and Methods: Seventy-five (n=75) stroke patients with the mean age range of 55.5±13.1 year were included in the study. The control group (n=78) consisted of healthy volunteers of similar age and gender. Age, gender, stroke duration, involved side, stroke type (ischemic, hemorrhagic, subarachnoid etc.) were recorded in all patients. The severity of stroke was assessed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Poststroke pain was assessed by the Self-Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Sign pain scale. Kinesiophobia was assessed by the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Results: Of the patients, 53.3% were in acute, 20% were in subacute and 20% were in chronic period. The mean duration of the stroke was 13.6±22.2 years. The rate of right side involvement was 48% and 58% was ischemic type. The mean Tampa score was 44±7.7 and was statistically higher than control group. The mean National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score was 4.5±3.9; Self-Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Sign pain score was 7.2±6.7; the prevelance of neuropathic pain was 21.3% (n=16) and was similar with control group. Conclusion: Kinesiophobia was found to be higher in stroke patients and was positively correlated with advanced age, disease duration and stroke severity. We should consider kinesiophobia in stroke rehabilitation programs.


Photographs not only make arguments; they also pose questions, as Robert Adams's "East from Flagstaff Mountain, Boulder County, 1976" attests. Adams, as he does in the two other photographs of Denver's metropolitan fringe analyzed in this essay, employs a multilayered composition to articulate probing quandaries about light and shadow, country and city, nature and culture. Whereas earlier American photographers had habitually looked west to divine national destiny, Adams looked east to ponder American history; he did so, moreover, amid the bicentennial celebrations and denunciations of 1976. Two centuries after the nation's founding, the photographer endeavored to understand how Americans had made this West their own, what they had lost in consequence, and what, if anything, they had gained in the bargain. From Adams's perspective, the view backward looked mixed up, layered with contradictory patterns of lightness and shadow, and impossible to squarewith simple pieties. As Adamsnoted in a passage from Loren Eisley that he chose to feature as the epigraph to From the Missouri West, the collection in which "East from Flagstaff Mountain" was first published, "Nothing is lost, but it can never be again as it was." Adams reflected on the paradoxes of endurance and change through a deceptively simple shot taken from just beyond the edge of the road (a rough track until Civil Conservation Corps crews "improved" it in the 1930s) climbing Flagstaff Mountain from Boulder. Shadow engulfs the bottom third of the image. Old snow, melted out in spots to reveal rock and bunchgrass, imparts uncommon texture to the forest floor. The upper part of the pictures shows a rapidly growing town basking in bright winter sunshine, only to dissolve into a vague horizon where high plains melt into a polluted haze. A band of dark forest—the most arresting feature in "East from Flagstaff Mountain"—holds this gridded domain of people in dynamic tension with the understory habitat of grasses and forbs. Dense clumps of ponderosa pine threaten to consume the frame at its edges. In the central foreground, by contrast, light streams through the interstices of branches, trunks, and needles, marking lacy silhouettes along a jagged border where Boulder's sprawl and the foothill forest overlap and interpenetrate. Follow this intricate boundary from one side of the photograph to the other, and it is hard not to wonder about the larger implications of Adams's vision: Was the photographer trying to protest the corrosive effects of metropolitan expansion by depicting the city eating through the forest like a caterpillar


The aim was to investigate the effect of feeding Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat to dairy cows on the metabolism and carry over of zearalenone (ZON) and its metabolites at different feed intakes. Fourteen dairy cows equipped with rumen and duodenal fistulae were used. The experiment consisted of a control period in which the uncontaminated wheat was fed and a mycotoxin period in which the Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat (8.21 mg deoxynivalenol (DON) and 91 µg ZON kg−1 dry matter (DM)) was replaced by the control wheat (0.25 mg DON kg−1 and 51 µg ZON kg−1 DM). The wheat portion of the concentrate fed daily amounted to 55% on a DM basis. The ration was completed with maize and grass silage (50:50), whereby the maize silage contained 62 µg ZON kg−1 DM. Feed intakes were adjusted to the current performance of the individual cows. The ZON metabolites α-zearalenol (α-ZOL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZOL) were recovered at the duodenum beside the parent toxin ZON. The recovery of ingested ZON as ZON plus α-ZOL plus β-ZOL at the duodenum ranged between 19 and 247%. The portion of ZON (ranging from 29 to 99%) of the ZON plus α-ZOL plus β-ZOL flow at the duodenum increased significantly with increasing ZON feed intake, whereas the portion of β-ZOL (up to 57%) decreased significantly. In contrast, portions of ZON in faeces (32–100%), α-ZOL (up to 39%) and β-ZOL (up to 43%) of ZON plus α-ZOL plus β-ZOL were independent of ZON intake. It seems that a lower retention time of the feed and the toxins in the rumen as an effect of the increased feed intake may limit the ruminal metabolization of ZON. The relatively steady recovery of ingested ZON as ZON, α-ZOL and β-ZOL in faeces at the different levels of ZON intake would suggest a further reduction of ZON by intestinal microorganisms. Furthermore, ZON and its metabolites in the milk were lower than the detection limits at daily ZON and DM intakes between 75 and 1125 µg and 5.6 and 20.5 kg day−1, respectively, and milk yields (fat corrected milk, FCM) between 10 and 42 kg day−1.


We evaluated whether genetically elevated low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels are associated with lower risk of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage (IA/SAH). We conducted a 2‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Our primary analysis used the inverse‐variance weighted method. In secondary analyses, we implemented the MR‐PRESSO method, restricted our analysis to LDL‐C–specific instruments, and performed multivariate MR. A 1‐mmol/l increase in genetically instrumented LDL‐C levels was associated with a 17% lower risk of IA/SAH (odds ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.73–0.94, p = 0.004). Results remained consistent in secondary and multivariate analyses (all p < 0.05). Our results provide evidence for an inverse causal relationship between LDL‐C levels and risk of IA/SAH. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:145–149


We have measured participator and spectator decay at several photon energies within the range of the lifetime-broadened first vibrational component of the C 1{ital s}{r_arrow}{pi}{sup *} resonance in CO. From the branching ratios it is evident that the resonant enhancement is different for single-hole and two hole-one electron states: The maximum in the resonant intensity peaks at different photon energies. It now becomes necessary to calculate energy-dependent transition matrix elements within the lifetime-broadening range. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


Many secondary science teachers face difficulties inspiring their classes. The use of stories can enliven teaching and improve pupils' learning. This article reviews research in this area and offers guidelines and advice as to how teachers can use storytelling to optimum advantage in science.


The design of a 10 W symmetrical Doherty power amplifier in the 900 MHz band is being presented. A short analysis of the Doherty's technique is discussed and the design procedure is described. In order to achieve proper load modulation for maximum efficiency during the 6-dB back-off region an uneven Wilkinson power divider was implemented. The designed Doherty power amplifier was then simulated and realized to validate the expected performance and functionality.


ABSTRACT The chapter begins with a discussion of the draft definition of terrorism in the UN Ad Hoc Committee on Terrorism, a definition which covers both terrorist blackmail and intimidation of target audiences but does not address the terrorist goal of impressing potential and actual constituencies with their "propaganda by the deed". It distinguishes then between a military response to terrorism, based on maximum force within the framework of the laws of war, and a law enforcement response, based on minimal use of force, within the framework of the rule of law. Subsequently twelve principles of the rule of law are outlined and their relationship to human rights is clarified. Next a discussion of specific human rights and how they relate to terrorism and countering terrorism follows. The activities of the Terrorism Prevention Branch of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime are discussed in the framework of the three-pronged UN Strategy against international terrorism. The chapter ends by stressed that upholding human rights and effective anti-terrorist measures are not exclusive. On the contrary: human rights and the rule of law are essential tools in the effort to combat terrorism. By its very nature, terrorism is an assault on the fundamental principles of law, order, human rights, and peaceful settlement of disputes upon which the United Nations is established. K. Annan, 4 October 2002


The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for smelting ferrovanadium through a tilting furnace. The technical aim of providing the method for smelting ferrovanadium through the large tilting furnace is achieved. The method comprises the following operation steps that raw materials including vanadium oxide, aluminum, iron and lime meeting the production requirement are added into the tilting type electric-arc furnace after being mixed evenly, and a method combining multi-phase smelting, ladder type aluminum matching and parabola type iron matching is adopted; and when the content of vanadium in slag is reduced to a certain level, most of the slag is removed, the repeated operation of staging feeding and deslagging is carried out, and the slag and iron are output at the same time during smelting of the last stage. Compared with a traditional method, by means of the method, the content of vanadium in the lean slag can be further reduced, and the smelting yield of ferrovanadium can be improved; and meanwhile aluminum consumption is equal to that of a common method combining multi-phase smelting and ladder type aluminum matching.


This paper presents a minimum displacement motion planning problem wherein obstacles are displaced by a minimum amount to find a feasible path. We define a metric for robot-obstacle intersection that measures the extent of the intersection and use this to penalize robot-obstacle overlaps. Employing the actual robot dynamics, the planner first finds a path through the obstacles that minimizes the robot-obstacle intersections. The metric is then used to iteratively displace the obstacles to achieve a feasible path. Several examples are provided that successfully demonstrates the proposed problem.


1) Did your high school have an Honor Code? Response Average Total Yes 72% 580 No 28% 220 Total 100% 800/800 2) Did you ever witness cheating in your high school? Response Average Total Never 20% 158 Once 10% 82 More than once 70% 560 Total 100% 800/800 3) In what context did you witness cheating in your high school (check all that apply)? Response Average Total Witnessed cheating on a test 24% 499 Witnessed cheating on a midterm or final examination 6% 133 Witnessed cheating on a homework assignment 28% 566 Witnessed plagiarism of a research paper 6% 123 Witnessed students working together when instructed to work alone 19% 396 Witnessed students fabricating data in a lab setting 8% 174 Not Applicable 8% 158


In this study, the correlations of the two frictional testers have been investigated; one is the KES-FB4 system, the other is the Fabric-on-Fabric Frictional tester which was devised by authors. According to the results, the correlation between the frictional coefficients measured by the two testers has been shown highly as the load increased. But the effect of roughness of fabric surface was not dearly revealed in this study. The frictional characteristics of fabric woven from filament yarns were different with those of fabric woven from spun yarns. And, like the other materials, the effect of load on fabrics used in this experiment was related with the frictional force between two fabrics. The frictional behaviors, however, were obviously different with harder material because the frictional coefficients were not constant as the load increased.


We propose a novel computationally efficient hierarchical dictionary learning (HDL) approach for data-driven unmixing and functional connectivity analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. It is shown that by simultaneously exploiting the sparsity of the spatial brain maps and the incoherence among their evolution in time or task functions, one can achieve better performance while overcoming the drawbacks of existing approaches. The task functions constituting the dictionary, are learned using a hierarchical subset selection approach. Here, to enforce incoherence among atoms, any new atom is selected from suitable training candidates if it does not lie in the column span of past selected atoms. Also, since the sparsity of spatial maps is generally unknown and affected due to acquisition artifacts, HDL doesn't make use of an implicit sparse coding stage while dictionary update. This makes HDL a very fast and efficient data-driven approach for fMRI analysis. Experimental results on synthetic and real fMRI datasets provide compelling evidences that HDL performs better than existing state-of-the-art methods.


Traditional method to measure flow velocity by ultrasonic Doppler frequency used linear slope K. It does not exactly reflect the changeability of flow in different environment. The functional model measuring flow velocity by ultrasonic Doppler frequency is built in this paper. The model is a multilayered artificial neural network that employs adaptive BP learning algorithm. The comparison between the new method and traditional way of system identification is discussed, mainly by comparing the simulated result of model with the data measured in experiment, so as to check the reliability of neural network. Structure and parameters of neural network model for flow measurement are obtained by simulated experiment, and vertical distribution of flow velocity is drawn. The result shows this new way to build the model of flow velocity measurement has high accuracy and strong adaptability. It perfectly reflects the nonlinear relationship between input and output of system. The application of the model conforms to hydraulic laws. 


Improvement of the rational use of classic chemotherapeutic drugs is currently a concern for health professionals, as these still constitute an important strategy for cancer treatment. Taxanes are a group of chemotherapeutic agents routinely used in the treatment of a variety of cancers. Their administration to patients is parenteral, which implies dilutions from commercial stock solutions to obtain the final individualized quantity of drug prescribed,


The most commonly asked question is whether states are competing with one another. It is correct to think that nations compete with each other just as the firms do. Paul Krugman points out that the idea of state competition is a dangerous obsession. However, the generally accepted viewpoint between policymakers and the academic world is very different. The transformation of the nation-state into a corporate market-state lies at the heart of political globalization. Inclusion in economic competition is another manifestation of practicing the so-called. "Soft power" by the states. Books, government reports, daily newspapers, television programs, virtually all over the world, announce the language and imagination of the battle of competition between countries for a larger piece of the global economic pie.


The invention provides an intelligent alarm capable of preventing battery reverse polarity, and relates to an alarm. The intelligent alarm comprises a sound-light alarm circuit, a reverse polarity detection circuit, a protection and control circuit, a direct current screen and a power supply. The sound-light alarm circuit, the reverse polarity detection circuit and the protection and control circuit are sequentially connected in series. The input end of the sound-light alarm circuit and the input end of the reverse polarity detection circuit are connected with a power supply. The output end of the protection and control circuit is connected with the direct current screen. The sound-light alarm circuit is provided with a buzzer and an LED. The buzzer and the input end of the LED are connected with the output end of the reverse polarity detection circuit. The reverse polarity detection circuit is provided with an isolation optocoupler and a control device. The protection and control circuit is provided with a relay and a contactor. The intelligent alarm has an intelligent preventing direct-current battery reverse polarity function and a protecting function, thereby guaranteeing safety of electric equipment and operators; the intelligent alarm can supply power by itself to achieve the sound-light alarm function and a battery reverse polarity protection function with no need for external connection with an auxiliary power supply, so that the circuit control principle and the system structure are simple, the number of devices is small, and reliability is high.


Supernumerary robotic limbs (SRLs) are the expansion of human body. It can provide extra limbs to enhance human ability. It is a novel way to assist the existing limbs using SRLs without prejudice to the normal activities of the user's arm. It has great application prospects in the fields of military, industry, rehabilitation training and assistance in daily life. Based on the public research results of SRLs around the world, the development state of SRLs are summarized from the mechanical architecture, actuation mode, motion intention prediction and control strategy. The technical problems for SRLs are analyzed and their future technical development is given.


Deep neural network (DNN) has become a popular means for separating target speech from noisy speech due to its good performance for learning a mapping relationship between the training target and noisy speech. For the DNN-based methods, the time-frequency (T-F) mask commonly used as the training target has a significant impact on the performance of speech restoration. However, the T-F mask generally modifies magnitude spectrum of noisy speech and leaves phase spectrum unchanged in enhancing process. The recent studies have revealed that incorporating phase spectrum information into the T-F mask can effectively improve perceptual quality of the enhanced speech. So, in this paper, we present two T-F masks to simultaneously enhance magnitude and phase of speech spectrum based on non-correlation assumption of real part and imaginary part about speech spectrum, and use them as the training target of the DNN model. Experimental results show that, in comparison with the reference methods, the proposed method can obtain an effective improvement in speech quality for different signal to noise ratio (SNR) conditions.


Five mineral composition (macro element) and proximate composition of the mesocarp of the three common varieties of Terminalia catappa were investigated using standard analytical procedure with a view to evaluating their nutritional potential. The proximate composition of the fruit samples revealed the moisture content 4.81±0.01 to 7.48±0.002, Crude protein; 5.21±0.08 to 6.94±0.08, Crude fibre; 17.27±0.01 to 55.77± 0.004, Crude Fat; 3.66±0.001 to 7.66±0.002, ash; 2.05±0.01 to 7.14±0.01 and nitrogen free extract 25.77±0.04 to 54.79±0.02. The mineral content of the three samples indicated that P, Na, Ca, Mg and K are the most abundant of the five minerals examined. The study revealed that both the chemical composition and proximate composition are comparable with other fruits. Also, the three varieties do not vary much from each other. The representative anti nutritional factorstannis and phytate was reported present at concentrations that may not pose health problems for human consumption. The study recommended that the three varieties are good for human consumption like other fruits.


The dependence of the quality of recognizing noisy objects by a Kora-type algorithm on the com- position of the training sample is examined. The algorithm is considered in an example of recognition of noisy black-and-white images and compared with the morphological recognition algorithm.


On the basis of information on the climatic factor, the intensity of humus formation in the soil was estimated. It was revealed that as the transition from the plain to the foothills and low mountains due to changes in atmospheric precipitation and hydrothermal regime, the period of biological activity (PBA) of the soil increases from the plain to the mountains. The balance of annual radiation in the foothill plain is 47 kcal/cm2, in the high-mountain belt - 53 kcal/cm2. As the transition from the plain to the mountainous part of the relief, an increase in soil PBA was revealed and, in accordance with this, the content and reserves of humus, as well as labile humic substances in the humus composition, increase. By the type of humus, light gray soils are humate-fulvate and fulvate; typical, dark gray soils and mountain brown soils, fulvate-humate; light brown meadow-steppe soils, and humate. It also provides information on the energy reserves of humus for the considered soils. The correlations between the indicators of PBA and humus for horizon "A" in the studied soils were calculated.


This paper aims to consider the techniques used within the games industry to create effective music and sound effects for games. Key methods have been explored and applied in the creation original music and sound design for an action-adventure game in a client-based project. Client feedback confirmed that the methods used were effective in creating successful sound and music and that the research conducted was effective in informing appropriate creative decisions.


Globally, academic performance is a key indicator of measuring the quality of an academic institution. This study assesses the factors that influence academic performance of students in public universities in Ghana. Specifically, it was restricted to the University for Development Studies (UDS), Wa Campus. The study adopted the case study design involving 17 respondents with the view to review, process and offer interpretation to data gathered from both secondary and primary sources with the objective to establishing critical factors which have given rise to the limited First Class (Honours) Division among students. The findings reveal that the limited First Class (Honour) Division among students is a reflection of students' performance which is linked to critical input factors such as; poor lesson preparation and delivery, overcrowded lecture halls and poor lecturing schedule time among others. This paper therefore recommends that the Ministry of Education (MOE) should provide UDS with teaching and learning resources. Additionally, UDS administration should provide all necessary infrastructure and equipment for effective practical training for the students. Besides, UDS Management should organise regular workshops and in-service training to introduce all lecturers periodically to more effective teaching strategies. Heads of Department  should also monitor and appraise lecturers input by students' performance in respective courses. The University Management should ensure that lecturers teach their respective specialist subjects so that their students will understand what they are taught. This may improve on  the number of First Class degree holders produced yearly by UDS. Keywords: Degree Classifications Examination  Challenges, Academic Performance, First Cass Students DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-11-05 Publication date : April 30 th 2019


In this paper, a novel transmission scheme based on the discrete-time fractional-order chaotic system for private digital communications is proposed. The fractional-order Modified-Henon map is used. By adjusting the fractional-orders appropriately, it has been shown that the fractional-order Modified-Henon system possesses a chaotic behaviour. The exact synchronization based on the delayed observer is designed. A detailed study of synchronization and robustness of the proposed scheme is next presented. Simulation results are given to highlight the performances of the proposed method.


The authors give an exact expression for the joint cumulative distribution function (CDF) of any pair of ordered and nonordered samples for an independent N-compound sequence. In addition, they show the need to compute their cross moments by using the joint CDF instead of the joint probability density function (PDF) as is usual. >


Executing large task on a single machine requires CPU to have high processing power. In present environment, most machines are interconnected in a cluster and they are often underutilized. This paper explores heuristically the performance of homogeneous, heterogeneous and multi-core clusters. This work consists of three experiments: Equal task partitioning according to the number of nodes (homogeneous cluster), Equal task partitioning according to the number of nodes (heterogeneous cluster) and Equal task partitioning according to the number of cores (heterogeneous cluster). The task is based on edge detection method (Sobel) which is tested with an array of images. The images are processed in three different sizes; 1K x 1K, 2K × 2K and 3K × 3K. The performance evaluations are based on processing speed as parallel processing measurement. The results yield a list of critical criteria that influence the performance of processing speed in a heterogeneous cluster.


This paper presents a numerical investigation of mixed convection heat transfer from an open cavity in a horizontal channel. Three heat sources are located at the bottom of the cavity and a baffle hanging from the top wall of the channel. A free flow at a relatively lower temperature enters the channel and is expected to remove heat from the heat sources. The governing equations are solved numerically with a finite volume approach using the SIMPLE algorithm. The results of this study show that due to the existence of the baffle, the ventilation performance of the cavity is improved at low Richardson numbers, while it is deteriorated at high Richardson numbers. The length and location of the baffle also show to have a significant impact on the ventilation performance of the cavity.


A grammar dictation, or a dictogloss, is an alternative to classical dictations. The difference is that a text is not dictated to students, but read out at normal speed. Students can only write the most important keywords. They have to re-create the text on their own. The presentation discusses the advantages of the method as well as potential problems students may face. It also proposes different ways in which grammar dictations can be used in class for developing students' writing skill and language awareness. A grammar dictation, or a dictogloss, is an alternative to classical dictations. The difference is that a text is not dictated to students, but read out at normal speed. Students can only write the most important keywords. They have to re-create the text on their own. The presentation discusses the advantages of the method as well as potential problems students may face. It also proposes different ways in which grammar dictations can be used in class for developing students' writing skill and language awareness.


The first single-event-upset (SEU) tests of the AT&T 64K and 256K SRAMs (static random-access memories) have been performed. Feedback resistor values for these parts ranged from 200 k Omega to 1 M Omega . All were fabricated using the 1- mu m, 2-level-poly, 2-level-metal process. Ions used for the tests were Ar, Cu, Kr, and Xe, providing a range of effective LET (linear energy transfer) values from 20 to 129 MeV-cm/sup 2//mg. With the 64K SRAM operating at 4.5 V and 90 degrees C, an upset threshold LET of 30 MeV-cm/sup 2//mg and saturation cross section of 1.5*10/sup -2/ cm/sup 2/ were measured with a nominal room-temperature feedback resistance of 450 k Omega . In Adam's 10% worst-case environment using the Petersen approximation (see E.L. Petersen et al., ibid., vol.NS-30, p.4533-9, Dec. 1983) this implies an error rate of 1.3*10/sup -7/ errors per bit-day. With a nominal 650-k Omega feedback resistance, a 256K SRAM had a calculated error rate of about 3*10/sup -8/ errors power bit-day at 4.5 V and 90 degrees C. These data agree well with earlier data for a 1 kb test chip. The minimal feedback resistance required to prevent upset versus LET is calculated, using an activation energy of 0.10 eV to estimate the decrease in feedback resistor value as a function of temperature. >


Emotion analysis plays a part in understanding the feelings of human beings. People's actions and speech express various feelings, behaviors and emotions which can have various impacts. Emotion and sentiment analysis is a broad research area for finding emotion which helps getting useful insight through text and speech. In most of previous work, nearly all projects have focused on analyzing the expression based on positive, negative and neutral classification. This research work analyzes the proposed system by categorizing the text into emotion classes called joy, sadness, anger, fear, love and surprise. This work helps us to label text emotions into multiple classes and categorize the text for better accuracy. This research work represents the enhancement of a novel Deep Learning model scheme, Long Short-Term Memory and Recurrent Neural Network which discuss various categories distribution on knowledgeable data. This will also summarize the previous works done on textual emotional classification based on various sentiment models and approach with comparative survey analysis.


We have analyzed the influence of the stellar populations, from which SN progenitors come from, on the observational outcome, including the metal free Pop. III. We use our models to study the evolution of the progenitor, the subsequent explosion and the light curves.
For Type Ia, the variation of the main sequence mass of the progenitor of the exploding WD, produces an offset in the maximum-decline relation of 0.2 mag. This effect is critical for the use of high redshift Type Ia SNe as cosmological standard candles. In contrast, the metallicity does not change the above relation (at maximum, Delta M_V < 0.06 mag).
For Type II, we find a dependence of the light curve properties with both, main sequence mass and metallicity of the progenitor, and we identify a rather homogeneous subclass, {\it Extreme} II-P, that may be used as a quasi-standard candle. Note that, although not as good as Type Ia for distance determinations, Type II are expected to occur since the first stars were formed.


With the fast development of the mobile Internet, the online platforms of social networks 13 have rapidly been developing for the purpose of making friends, sharing information, etc. In these 14 online platforms, users being related to each other forms social networks. Literature reviews have 15 shown that social networks have community structure. Through the studies of community structure, 16 the characteristics and functions of networks structure and the dynamical evolution mechanism of 17 networks can be used for predicting user behaviours and controlling information dissemination. 18 Therefore, this study proposes a deep community detection method which includes (1) matrix 19 reconstruction method, (2) spatial feature extraction method and (3) community detection method. 20 The original adjacency matrix in social network is reconstructed based on the opinion leader and 21 nearer neighbors for obtaining spatial proximity matrix. The spatial eigenvector of reconstructed 22 adjacency matrix can be extracted by an auto-encoder based on convolution neural network for the 23 improvement of modularity. In experiments, four open datasets of practical social networks were 24 selected to evaluate the proposed method, and the experimental results show that the proposed 25 deep community detection method obtained higher modularity than other methods. Therefore, the 26 proposed deep community detection method can effectively detect high quality communities in 27 social networks. 28


The article deals with an apprenticeship treaty and a treaty on improving skills and attributes that distinguish them from each other. Analyze the contents of these treaties. A proposal to supplement labor law provisions on the treaty on improving skills. The article may be useful for students, graduate students and teachers in law.


Minor and major deficiencies of enzymes affecting galactose metabolism may be associated with cataracts of early onset. Results are presented for 10 such families with minor enzymatic disorders. Expression of the major disorders probably involves galactitol accumulation and osmotic lens damage but this mechanism is not obviously associated with minor disorders. The observed incidence of minor incomplete enzymatic disorders of galactose metabolism in families with an incidence of cataracts of early onset may be at least partly incidental.


As part of the effort to evaluate the performance of soldiers operating in the Vetronics Testbed Technology (VTT), a human performance model of operator processes and tasks was developed. The purpose of this effort was to gather insight into operator workload constraints, points of operator overload due to task demands, and key decision-making points and strategies employed by the operators. Operator performance was modeled when the operators were confronted with the task of controlling multiple experimental unmanned ground vehicles (XUV) in addition to performing standard Command and Control (C2) operations. The model was built using the Improved Performance Research Integration Tool (IMPRINT). Development began with a task decomposition of the current VTT system and operator control unit (OCU) and was decomposed to the button-push level of operator interaction with the unit. Next, several operational scenarios were developed to drive the simulated operator actions in the OCU and obtain measures of performance. Finally, a decision-making architecture was implemented in the model to examine points where intelligent agents and system automation could potentially aid in reducing operator cognitive demands.


153 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are now a therapeutic standard for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell cancer (R/M HNSCC). There is limited data on the impact of demographics and socioeconomic (SES) factors on outcomes in this population, and we sought to evaluate these in our single institution cohort. Methods: R/M HNSCC patients (pts) receiving ICI were retrospectively reviewed from an institutional database. SES factors included income, distance to center (dist), marital status, race, and insurance. Median household income by residence zip code was obtained from the US Census Bureau. Time to ICI initiation (TTI) was time from initial visit recommending ICI and first ICI dose. Opiate use was calculated using morphine equivalents prior to ICI initiation and either at best response or end of ICI if no response. Associations between SES factors with overall survival (OS) and TTI were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Binary outcomes were assessed using logistic regression and included ER visits/unplanned hospitalizations (UH) and increase in opioid use. Analyses were adjusted for disease characteristics, smoking status, ECOG, and demographics. Results: Between 1/2012-12/2019, 152 pts received ICI; 124 (82%) were male, with median age of 64 years (range 23-90), and 103 (68%) were partnered/married. The most common races were 114 white (75%), 14 Asian (9%) and 6 Hispanic, any race (4%). Out of 149 (98%) insured pts, 27 (18%) were Medicaid and 69 (46%) Medicare. Median dist was 39 miles (Q1 21, Q3 100), and median income was $80,586 (Q1 $61,202, Q3 $103,059). The most common primary sites were oropharynx (36%), oral cavity (22%), and nasopharynx (7%); 29 (19%) had an ECOG ≥2. While on or within 100 days of ICI, 69 (45%) had ER visits, and 57 (38%) had UH. Increased dist was associated with improved OS (4th vs 1st quartile, p = 0.0002; HR 0.33; 95% CI [0.18,0.59]); we observed no other SES association with OS. Increased opioid use was associated with Medicaid/no insurance (p = 0.05; OR 2.89; 95% CI [1.02,8.77]). No SES association with TTI was found, although there was a nonsignificant trend of higher TTI with increasing dist. We saw no correlation with ER/UH and any SES variables. Conclusions: Among R/M HNSCC pts receiving ICI, insurance had an impact on opiate usage, suggesting more advance disease/higher burden of symptoms and indicating need for augmentation of supportive care in this group. Higher dist was associated with improved OS, even accounting for performance status, which may reflect increased resources in this group. Further studies should examine pt factors that may contribute to disparities in the setting of novel therapies for R/M HNSCC pts.


What do you understand by "method development"? Undated, 2018, my diary—Listening to walls My job title says that I should be professionally interested in political communication. Traditionally this has meant scrutinizing media coverage of elections, how politicians communicate with journalists, how journalists report about politics, public opinion. But I am interested in the politics contained in the small gestures of everyday life—what colleagues might, in fact, call "irrelevant." I am also increasingly irritated by the preoccupation, in my field of research, with the messages, attempts at influence and the propaganda contained in texts and images in the media: news stories, movies, social media, what people openly tell each other. What about all the rest? The other "communication" that is embedded in the material world? A smile, a waving hand, changing your seat on a bus because you do not want to sit next to a person with skin of a different color than yours—they do send a message, too. So do luxurious embassy palaces or compounds fortified to their teeth that represent a country and what that country stands for in a foreign land, and division walls. And what about the messages between the lines? What about the stories that are missing and never told? I want to dig into the filter drain of the collective washing machine. Being a communication researcher means training myself to hearing the "voices" of objects, practices and unwritten rules that regulate everyday life. Does this make me a sociologist? Or an ethnographer, instead of a communication researcher? When it comes to [researching] a taboo subject, like [involuntary] childlessness, it means becoming sensitive to the whispers in the background, the uncertain steps of the individuals walking at the margins, what never gets noticed, whose presence does not even register. I am an investigator of the "social wallpaper." Or, going back to the sound metaphor of the voices, I am a connoisseur of ambient noise, the unstoppable communication, chatter, all around me, full of incessant, subtle reminders of what is "normal." Once you start noticing it, it is difficult to tune it out, like suffering a form of social tinnitus.


Firstly, this article presents a mainly semiotic analysis of the filme Absent, by Marco Berger. Secondly, and from then on, it proposes some oblique considerations about Argentina´s Comprehensive Sexual Education Policy. In the third place, it seeks to focus these previous reflections in a perspective, actually under construction, that we call Communication Didactics. Finally, this paper is part of the concerns of the Research Team led by Dr. Ximena Triquell. In that institutional frame, we inscribe these results in a larger inquiry, whose topics include social conflicts in audiovisual discourses. In our case, the attention is centered in sexual conflicts in educational sceneries.


One aspect that featured most in the foreign policy of aggression of modern Japan is the activities of the civilians of right-wing tendencies and right-wing organizations, and without the consideration of these historical facts we cannot discuss the problems of 'manmou'. A representative person is Okawa Shumei in 'manmou' problems. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the fundamental content of the great China theory by Okawa Shumei and the military security and economic point of view in terms of the right to life, the right to self-defense, and invasion of Japan. Okawa Syumei studied the philosophy of India at Tokyo Imperial University, which interested him in the situation of colonial India. In addition, he had a strong feeling of rejection against the usurpation of Asia by the Western powers, and naturally began to look to the Chinese mainland. In particular, in 1918 when he worked in the spy training school for the invasion of Chinese mainland and "mantetsu", the East Asia Economic Research Bureau, a collection of nationalists, he began to focus on the strategic value of Mitsurukomu. This is because 'manmou' could be used as the basis for the invasion of Chinese mainland and was also an important factor in the formation of "the regional blocking of economy". Thus, Okawa Shumei intended to realize the development and extension of Jsapan through 'manmou'.


Fundamental studies on polymer bounded PAG and polymer - PAG blend type were carried out with the viewpoint of dissolution property, lithographic performance, and blur. These materials were prepared to be able to directly compare and to discuss the difference between blend and bounded PAG, with different PAG loading amount. Dissolution property revealed the clear difference of these materials tendency to the PAG loading amount variation. Lithographic performance difference corresponds to the dissolution property difference, and there found the strategy to improve lithographic performance with polymer bounded PAG type resist. Blur study suggests the advantage in polymer bounded PAG in resolution.


In this paper, we report the manufacture process and tests of a set of superhydrophobic membranes doped with different nanoparticles (graphene, nanosilica, cadmium sulfite and zinc sulfite). The polystyrene membranes are deposited directly over an aluminum substrate from an electrospinning device. The contact angle between the ice drops and the nanomembrane was measured and the ice-adhesion phenomenon was investigated. N, N' dimethylformamide (DMF) was employed as the PS solvent. Two groups of PS/DMF solutions were investigated i.e. 20/80 and 35/65 w/w. The PS/DMF weight ratio of 20/80 leads to water contact angles (WCA) of 148 o , which is higher than the one for the 35/65 ratio, i.e. 143 o . This fact seems to be due to non-evaporated solvent into the PS surface as the 35/65 solution was more viscous. The WCA for membranes with 0.5 wt. % of graphene reached 152 o , 149 o -153 o for the addition of nanosilica, 151 o with 5.0 wt. % CdS, and 153


The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of internal controls on accounting fraud that occurs in the company.  If the internal control of a company is weak then the possibility of errors and fraud is greater. Conversely, if the internal controls are strong, then the possibility of fraud can be reduced. The effectiveness of internal control has a great influence in efforts to prevent the tendency of accounting fraud, with internal control, checking will occur automatically on one's work by others. The instruments used in this study are closed questionnaires, the questionnaires used are to net data on internal control of cash receipts and internal control of each respondent's cash expenditure against accounting fraud. Data collection is used by running a questionnaire containing questions that have been prepared in advance and answers related to research problems. The results of the study obtained and at the same time the conclusion of this study include that from the results of the evaluation in adjusted R Square number 0.641, this means that 64.1% of the variation in accounting fraud can be influenced by internal control factors of cash receipts and internal control of cash expenditures, while 35.9% is influenced by other factors. From the results of the simultaneous test obtained seen Fhitung value of 44,776 Ftabel 3.18 with a significant level of 0.000 0.05, it can be concluded that the hypothesis (H1) can be accepted, namely internal control of cash receipts and internal control of cash expenditures together positively and significantly on accounting fraud at PT. Naga Hari Utama Medan. On the partial test the effect of internal control of cash receipts on accounting fraud obtained the value of t-calculate = 9,443 t-table 2,000 with a significant 0.000 0.005, it was concluded ho was rejected and H1 received, which means internal control of cash receipts positively and significantly partially on accounting fraud. Furthermore, the results of partial testing of the effect of internal control of cash expenditures against accounting fraud obtained a value of t-calculate = 2,858 t-table 2,000 with a significant 0.000 0.005, then concluded Ho was rejected and H1 received, which means internal control of cash expenditures positively and significantly partially on accounting fraud at PT. Naga Hari Utama Medan.