Hydrograph recessions from rainfall events have been previously analyzed for discharge at springs and streams; however, relatively little quantitative research has been conducted with regard to hydrograph analysis of recessions from monitoring wells screened in karst aquifers. In previous work, a quantitative hydrograph analysis technique has been proposed from which matrix transmissivity (i.e., transmissivity of intergranular porosity) and specific yields of matrix, fracture, and conduit components of the aquifer may be determined from well hydrographs. The technique has yielded realistic results at three sites tested by the authors (Y‐12, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Crane, Indiana; and Fort Campbell, Kentucky). Observed field data, as well as theoretical considerations, show that karst well hydrographs are valid indicators of hydraulic properties of the associated karst aquifers. Results show matrix transmissivity (T) values to be in good agreement with values calculated using more traditional parameter estimation techniques, such as aquifer pumping tests and slug tests in matrix dominated wells. While the hydrograph analysis technique shows promise for obtaining reliable estimates of karst aquifer T with a simple, relatively inexpensive and passive method, the utility of the technique is limited in its application depending on site‐specific hydrologic conditions, which include shallow, submerged conduit systems located in areas with sufficient rainfall for water levels to respond to precipitation events.


Children's toothpaste has a variegated of ingredients. Each ingredient has different benefits, one of which is to increase the hardness of tooth enamel. Several factors could affect the hardness of tooth enamel, such as fluoride and Xylitol. This study aimed to determine the effect of children's toothpaste containing fluoride and Xylitol on the micro-hardness of children's tooth enamel. The research method used a laboratory experiment measuring the micro hardness of primary tooth enamel before and after treatment using the Vickers Hardness Tester. The samples were treated on primary incisors and divided into two groups, first as the experiment group and another one as the control group. The treatment was carried out using two types of children's toothpaste containing fluoride and Xylitol. After the final measurement, the data were analyzed using the Independent T-test (p <0.05), which was previously tested for normality and homogeneity with Shapiro Wilk (p <0.05) and Levene's test (p <0.05). The results showed that the sample group that was treated with toothpaste containing fluoride and Xylitol experienced an increase in the microhardness of the enamel differences. The results of data analysis with the Independent T-Test showed p = 0,02 (p<0,05) in the fluoride group, indicating that there was a significant increase, and the results in the xylitol group p = 0,003 (p<0,05). These results suggest that toothpaste containing fluoride and Xylitol can affect the microhardness of children's tooth enamel. The research concluded that children's toothpaste containing fluoride and Xylitol could be a tool to prevent dental caries because it can increase the micro hardness of tooth enamel.


What do we learn from history? Not simply that the past provides cautionary examples for the present and future. History also reveals something about how society changes, the nature of this process, and how far we can expect to understand and control it. Business is an active participant in the developments of society; the policies and behavior of a corporation are part of the numerous causes and effects of history. Strategic planners and decision makers can profit from recognizing how the nature of the historical process forms the context of plans and decisions.


The discovery of topological insulators and semimetals has opened up a new perspective to understand materials. Owing to the special band structure and enlarged Berry curvature, the linear responses are strongly enhanced in topological materials. The interplay of topological band structure and symmetries plays a crucial role for designing new materials with strong and exotic new electromagnetic responses and provides promising mechanisms and new materials for the next generation of technological applications. We review the fundamental concept of linear responses in topological materials from the symmetry point of view and discuss their potential applications.


This paper is a collection of mini-papers presented at a panel session held at the 1986 Winter Meeting of the IEEE Power Engineering Society. The mini-papers discuss the experiences of five electric utilities in North America and Europe in the area of instrumentation for monitoring power system dynamic performance during major disturbances. The discussions focus on the requirements of the individual utilities and address important questions as to the usefulness of disturbance recording, past and present instrumentation practices, and future plans.


Cells and ABCG2 Expressing Drug Resistant Cancer Cells Ji Hye Park † , Jisoo Yun † , Jeong Heo, Tae Ho Hwang and Sang Mo Kwon* Lab. of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Seo-Gu, Busan 49241, Korea 3 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea


Quality of 3d model in simple way translates into quality of final product, obtained from 3d printing. 3d Cax software give possibility to create enormous number of shapes – doesn't matter solids or surfaces. The question is where is the frontier between quality of 3d model and a value for money of the completed print? is it always necessary to create as good model as possible? This paper will focus on preparation of 3d models, based on primitives and will show connection between quality of mesh, its size and deviations and quality of obtained samples, in same manufacturing conditions.


Many of China's older buildings, built in the 1970s and 1980s, faces several indoor temperature and heating energy consumption problems. Based on an investigation and analysis of an old hotel in Urumqi, this paper proposes a renovation plan to improve the indoor temperature and reduce the heating energy consumption, thereby introduce a sustainable development strategy for the winter. The effects of different renovation plans on the hotel were simulated using DesignBuilder and PVsyst software. The results show that improving the insulation performance of the building envelope, including reforming the roof, exterior wall, doors, and windows and adjusting the window-to-wall ratio, is the primary way to improve indoor temperature and reduce heating energy consumption in winter. If economic conditions allow, we can also install photovoltaic systems on the roof to save a significant amount of energy. This paper puts forth specific reconstruction plans for old buildings in cold regions as well as some possible reconstruction paths for other structures according to the local economic development level to provide a reference for future related studies.


The invention relates to the technical field of selective catalytic reduction denitrification of industrial flue gas, in particular to a zoning-regulating double-layer ammonia injection grid applied to a selective catalytic reduction denitrification device for industrial flue gas. In order to solve the problems that the ammonia distribution on a flue section of the conventional ammonia injection grid is quite non-uniform, which affects the denitrifying efficiency and increases the escape rate of ammonia, and the like, the zoning-regulating double-layer ammonia injection grid applied to the selective catalytic reduction denitrification device for the industrial flue gas divides the flue section into two equal subzones; the ammonia injection function of one subzone (1/2 of the flue section area) is realized by an upper ammonia injection grid and the ammonia injection function of the other subzone is realized by a lower ammonia injection grid; and according to the distribution rules of the flow rates of the flue gas in the two flue section subzones and different concentrations of NOx in the flue gas, the ammonia injection amount of each subzone is regulated and controlled by an ammonia injection regulating valve, so that the ammonia injection amount is adjustable on different zones of the flue section, the uniform mixing effect of the ammonia and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas is optimized, the denitrifying efficiency is improved, and the escape rate of the ammonia is effectively reduced. The uniform zoning-regulating double-layer ammonia injection grid applied to a selective catalytic reduction denitrification device for industrial flue gas has a good uniform mixing effect of the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and the ammonia, improves the denitrifying efficiency, effectively reduces the escape rate of the ammonia, and is applicable to NOx selective catalytic reduction denitrification devices in coal burning, metallurgy, chemical industry and other industries.


This research aims to analyze the communication strategies employed on Facebook by the former MP Jair Bolsonaro during the 55th legislature (2015-2019) and the 2018 Brazilian presidential race, when he was elected president of Brazil, investigating the hypothesis of he had been in a permanent campaign mode during the term. We collected all the Bolsonaro messages posted on his fan page from February 1, 2015, to October 28, 2018 (n1 = 2530) to carry out this study. We also identified the month of each year of the term in which he was most frequent on that social network site (SNS). Then, we conducted a Content Analysis of the messages posted by Bolsonaro in these four months as well as in one month of the official electoral period (n2 = 457), classifying them into four categories: frequency; negative campaign; transfer of themes to the electoral period; and interactivity with his followers. The results suggest that he engaged in a permanent campaign during the term of office analyzed.


In this paper we establish some new fixed point results for self-mappings satisfying certaincontractive conditions in the setting of dislocated quasi-metric spaces. Our establishedresults extend and generalize some existing fixed point results in the literature. We alsoprovide appropriate examples for the usability of the established results.


Measurements of vibrational spectra of atomic force microscopy (AFM) microprobes in contact with a sample allow a good correlation between resonance frequencies shifts and the effective elastic modulus of the tip-sample system. In this work we use finite element methods for modeling the AFM microprobe vibration considering actual features of the cantilever geometry. This allowed us to predict the behavior of the cantilevers in contact with any sample for a wide range of effective tip-sample stiffness. Experimental spectra for glass and chromium were well reproduced for the numerical model, and stiffness values were obtained. We present a method to correlate the experimental resonance spectrum to the effective stiffness using realistic geometry of the cantilever to numerically model the vibration of the cantilever in contact with a sample surface. Thus, supported in a reliable finite element method (FEM) model, atomic force acoustic microscopy can be a quantitative technique for elastic-modulus measurements. Considering the possibility of tip-apex wear during atomic force acoustic microscopy measurements, it is necessary to perform a calibration procedure to obtain the tip-sample contact areas before and after each measurement.


We present City Browser, a web-based platform which provides multimodal access to urban information. We concentrate on aspects of the system that make it compelling for sustained interaction, yet accessible to new users. First, we discuss the architecture's portability, demonstrating how new databases containing Points of Interest (POIs) may easily be added. We then describe two interface techniques which mitigate the complexity of interacting with these potentially large databases: (1) contextsensitive utterance suggestions and (2) multimodal correction of speech recognition hypotheses. Finally, we evaluate the platform with data collected from users via the web.


This study examined the potential for apartment living to become more socially and environmentally acceptable in Australian society generally, and in subtropical cities particularly. Resolution of incongruities between residents' preferred attributes and other stakeholders' main interests has important implications for reshaping lifestyle expectations and design practice as society moves toward a post-carbon future.


Path planning is one of the key research directions in the field of mobile robots. It ensures that moving objects can reach the target point safely and without collision in a complex obstacle environment. The path planning is to search an optimal path from the starting point to the target point for the mobile robot in an environment with obstacles, according to certain evaluation criteria (such as the time, the best path, the minimum energy consumption, etc.). The path planning based on artificial potential field method has been paid more and more attention because of its advantages such as convenient calculation, simple implementation of hardware and outstanding real-time performance. However, the artificial potential field method has some limitations, such as the local minimum, the oscillation of moving objects among obstacles and so on. To solve these problems, we can introduce the idea of decision tree into the artificial potential field method for improvement. In machine learning, decision tree is usually used for classification. It is a prediction model, which represents a mapping relationship between object attributes and object values. By utilizing the advantages of decision tree in rule expression and extraction, an improved artificial potential field path planning model based on decision tree is constructed, which can realize real-time and accurate identification of current behavior and fast decision-making of next time behavior in path planning. Aiming at the dynamic path planning problem of mobile robots in indoor complex environment, based on the traditional artificial potential field method, this paper introduces the distance term into the potential field function, and proposes an improved artificial potential field method based on the idea of decision tree, to solve the local minimum, the oscillation between obstacles and concave obstacle problems. According to repulsion coefficient, deflection angle of resultant force and velocity, a reasonable classification decision is made to meet the needs of different obstacle distribution scenarios, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation experiments. Simulation results show that, compared with the traditional artificial potential field method, the planning time of improved algorithm is reduced by 50%, and the smoothness of path planning by the improved algorithm is increased by 43.3%.


A new class of dual-touchscreen device is beginning to emerge, either constructed as two screens hinged together, or as a single display that can fold. The interactive experience on these devices is simply that of two 2D touchscreens, with little to no synergy between the interactive areas. In this work, we consider how this unique, emerging form factor creates an interesting 3D niche, in which out-of-plane interactions on one screen can be supported with coordinated graphics in the other orthogonal screen. Following insights from an elicitation study, we focus on "pull gestures", a multimodal interaction combining on-screen touch input with in air movement. These naturally complement traditional multitouch gestures such as tap and pinch, and are an intriguing and useful way to take advantage of the unique geometry of dual-screen devices.


The stability constants of M(II)Cl2 (M(II) = Ca, Sr, Ba) in methanol have been determined by Cl- ion measurements with Ag-AgCl electrodes. All measurements were made at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C and at an ionicstrength of about 0.05 M, adjusted with sodium and the respective metal perchlorates. Since both of the stepwise stability constants, K1 for monochloride and K2 for dichloride, were relatively small, the K2 values could not be determined with this measurements at a low ionic strength whereas the K1 values were obtained with somewhat larger errors. It is interesting that the order of magnitude in K1 is Sr > Ba ≅ Ca in contrast with the order for ionic association constants of their perchlorates, Ba > Sr > Ca, obtained from our conductometric measurements.


The possible imprint of quantum decoherence, in the framework of cosmology, is here investigated. Particular attention is paid to the observational fact that entanglement could lead to the interaction of different eras of cosmic evolution. The role played by decoherence provides the existence of "quantum entanglement" between cosmological eras giving, as observational results, dynamical constraints on the corresponding cosmological models.


Physical inactivity is a strong predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. Although regular physical activity reduces mortality, patients remain inactive. Comparing the cognition of exercise in hemodialysis patients with different physical activity status could highlight domains where inactive people experience heightened barriers to physical activity. We therefore assessed patients' perceived benefits and barriers to exercise using a standardized way, thereby informing future exercise interventions to address these barriers experienced by inactive patients.


Direct argon ion laser writing of 40‐μm‐wide and 3‐μm‐thick superconducting lines of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ on magnesium oxide (MgO) substrate is reported. A 514.5 nm laser beam of 300 mW was focused onto a thin sprayed film of the nitrate precursors (Y:Ba:Cu=1:2:3) and scanned over it. The laser beam converted oxides along the irradiation path. The film was then ''developed'' by rinsing it in ethanol, which removed the unirradiated areas, but left the irradiated areas intact. This was followed by the standard oven annealing procedure in flowing oxygen. The resistivity of the laser‐written lines as a function of temperature showed an onset and completion of the superconducting transition at 82 and 69 K, respectively. The corresponding values of the unpatterned, blanket film were 82 and 77 K, respectively.


The dielectric constant E (w, k) determined in the paper is intended for the description of strong spatial dispersion (SD) effects, particularly auxiliary light waves. The method described makes it possible, knowing c and without taking SD into account, to determine, first, the dependences of the exciton energies and of the dipole-moment matrix elements on s = k/lkI without using exciton models. This cannot be done by a direct quantum-mechanical calculation. Second, it permits E to be expressed with allowance for the SD if only the effective masses of the excitons are known. Crystals having various symmetries are considered.


In order to study the nonlinear dispersive phenomena,we present a new mapping method to obtain the multiple exact special solutions for the nonlinear dispersive equations,and choose the K(n,k) equations ut+a(un)x+b(uk)xxx=0 to illustrate the new approach.We establish general formulas of the new compactons,solitons,solitary patterns and periodic solutions of the K(n,k) equations for all possible values of n,k,a and b,and find the K(n,k) equations exhibit compactons solutions with ab0 not only for focusing branch(a0) but also for the defocusing branch(a0).


In order to improve brain dysfunction such as mental disease, it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of activity in the brain. To clarify the relationship between the brain region and the neurotransmitter is important for elucidating the brain. Especially investigating the relationship between serotonin and hippocampus leads to elucidate of the mechanism of depression and sleep. The technique called optogenetics enabled only specific cells to be manipulated by light stimulation in recent years. This technique is a useful technique for clarifying the function of the brain. Because instead of stimulating multiple cells such as electrical stimulation, optogenetics can stimulate only specific cells, so that its function can be clarified. This study focused on neurotransmitter serotonin and the brain region called the hippocampus. For these purpose we can clarify the relationship between serotonin and hippocampus by manipulating serotonin neural activity using optogenetics while invasively measuring the ventral hippocampus of the mouse. In addition, identification of pyramidal cell layer is necessary to clarify hippocampal activity. Currently, visual estimation is performed based on the histology that dissected the brain, it still has a problem. Now this technique can't estimate ambiguous of the brain part and measure in an online manner. For this problem, we focus on the clarity of the brain part estimation when we used optogenetics. Therefore, we could estimate the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus by analyzing nerve activity and thought that the effect of serotonin activation or suppression on the hippocampus could be clarified. As a result, we showed that pyramidal cell layer can be identified by using principal component analysis, and could clarify the variation of nerve activity in the pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus during serotonin operation.


In the chain of events that terminates in a suicide, biological factors may be more important than previously thought. Recent research has identified two clusters of biological factors that tend to correlate with suicidal behavior, namely, variables associated with monoaminergic neurotransmission and variables associated with certain neuroendocrine functions. The most convincing evidence for an involvement of monoamines in suicide stems from measurements of serotonin and its main metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (SHIAA), in brains from suicide victims and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients who have attempted suicide.' Initially, such investigations were performed in order to study the biological correlates of depressive disorders, but more recently, interest has focused on the possible biological background of suicidal behavior as such. The present article will review CSF studies of monoamine metabolites in suicidal individuals, published until 1984, and also discuss some possible mechanisms for the relationship between suicide and serotonin.


A new general method is described for obtaining ambient isotopy or regular isotopy invariants of even valence rigid vertex graphs embedded in three-dimensional space. The paper concentrates on the case of 4-valent vertices and defines an RNA vertex in analogy to the structure of a folded molecule. Examples are given to show how these methods can discriminate graph embeddings that are indistinguishable via Vassiliev invariants. Applications to molecular folding are discussed.


Poly (L-glutamic acid) (PLG) membranes were prepared under an electric field (0-6400V). The effects of the electric field applied on the membrane structure and salt (LiCl, KCl) permeation were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and permeability measurements, respectively. The SEM pictures for membranes prepared under 0V and 3000V showed that PLG domains were elongated to the direction of the electric field and at the same time the application of electric field enhanced mixing of the two domains, PLG and the crosslinker. Appreciable enhancement of the salt permeability was observed for membranes prepared under electric fields (Max. 2.5 times for LiCl), which was ascribed to reduction of tortuosity due to the observed deformation of PLG domains.


In this paper, a solution for an automated healthcare assessment process is proposed. Non-invasive, ambient sensors are retrieving data from patients being in their home care treatment setups. The type of sensors is limited to the tracking of inertia, motion, and alcohol gas. Low-cost sensor prototypes are developed. They constantly measure the movement and the air around the patients. The Big Data generated in this way is used to retrieve patterns of activities. Different pattern recognition algorithms are tested and compared. The highest accuracy and reliability in assessing the data are support vector machines and feedforward neural networks with a performance of 90 % probability in identifying the correct patients' activities over the test period. In this paper, the setup of the sensor prototypes, the data handling, and the data analytics are discussed.


Three AMS radiocarbon dates on bone collagen from Las Palmas culture human skeletons from the cape region of Baja California are analyzed. Carbon derived from both terrestrial and marine sources necessitates correcting the radiocarbon ages for reservoir effects. Complicating this, however, are (a) the uncertain percentage of carbon of marine origin in the samples and (b) the convergence of the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California, which differ markedly in reservoir values. Computer program CALIB 3.0.3c is used to correct and calibrate the conventional radiocarbon dates in a simulation using varied values for marine carbon and reservoir effects for each sample. This produces substantial variance in the results and, therefore, difficulties for chronological interpretation. For example, reasonable input values for dR and percent marine carbon yield dates that overlap the first European contact (A.D. 1533), despite the absence of historic documentation of the Las Palmas mortuary complex. Further research on reservoir effects and paleodiet is needed in order to interpret radiocarbon determinations on cape region human remains. Moreover, our findings have serious implications for the proper application of radiocarbon dating to samples from other regions subject to reservoir effects.


This paper studies the effects of earmarking state lottery profits for educational spending. Since educational expenditures generally exceed the funds earmarked for education by a wide margin, this policy does not meaningfully constrain the legislature's ability to allocate aggregate profits across expenditure categories. Conventional economic reasoning therefore implies that this policy should have no effect on overall educational spending. I find, on the contrary, that a dollar of lottery profits earmarked for education increases current educational spending by roughly 36 cents more than a non-earmarked dollar and by 60 cents more than a dollar earmarked for other uses. *Ph.D. Candidate, Stanford University Department of Economics. This research has been supported by The Bradley Foundation through a grant to the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. Many thanks to Doug Bernheim, Antonio Rangel, John Shoven and the public economics group at Stanford for helpful advice and comments.


This report deals with the pygmy chimpanzee's interactions involving mutual contacts of the ano-genital regions between two individuals, referred to as genito-genital (GG) contacts. Pygmy chimpanzees have unique forms of GG contacts: ventro-ventral copulation. GG rubbing between females. rump-rump contact between males. l'vloreover. various kinds of GG contacts occur in various combinations of participants, including all age-sex classes. What kinds of GG contact interactions occur in what sorts of dyads is presented. Most of the contacts have a typical pattern for each age-sex class combination. However. the role distribution in these interactions occurring in arbitrary dyads of each combination cannot be explained on the level of behavior patterns exhibited by each participant according to its biological attributes. The regularities seen in how GG contacts occur appear on the level of interaction paiterns deternlined by whether the interactions are intra-set or inter-set. Possibility of a "syntax" analysis of interactions in a certain social system is discussed.


This article consists of an elementary eight neuron network that uses Hebbian Learning to train a robot to respond intelligently to input light stimuli. In order to reach our end goal, a three-neuron neural networks in C and thoroughly testing it with LEDs and hyperterm are programmed firstly. Then extend this to a four-neuron network and finally to an eight-neuron network, with thorough testing at each level of complexity. The hardware interface is added. This involved integration of stepper motor control code into our neural network such that the stepper motors would step when the 'motor' neurons fired.


The growing trend of variable energy source integration in power systems (especially at a distribution level) is leading to an increased need for flexibility in all levels of the energy flows in such systems: the supply, the network and the demand sides. This paper focuses on a viable flexibility option that can be provided by means of a dynamic network reconfiguration (DNR), an automatic changing of line statuses in response to operational conditions in the system. The ultimate aim is to assess the impacts of such flexibility on the utilization levels of variable power sources (mainly, solar and wind) integrated at a distribution level. To perform this analysis, a stochastic mixed integer linear programming (S-MILP) operational model is developed in this work. The objective of the optimization problem is to minimize the sum of the most relevant cost terms while meeting a number of model constraints. The proposed model dynamically finds an optimal configuration of an existing network system in accordance with the system's operational conditions. The operation scale in the current work is one day, but with the possibility of an hourly reconfiguration. The standard IEEE 41-bus system is employed to test the proposed model and perform the analysis. Numerical results generally show that DNR leads to a more efficient utilization of renewable type DGs integrated in the system, reduced costs and losses, and a substantially improved system performance especially the voltage profile in the system.


A detailed study of very neutron deficient nuclei with Zapprox. =40 (Sr,Zr) and Napprox. =40 has been carried out. Total potential energy surfaces taking into account both quadrupole and hexadecapole deformation have been calculated for the Zr (Z = 40) nuclei, starting from the Nilsson model. Also odd-mass nuclei have subsequently been studied when coupling the odd particle to the deformed even-even core. After extensive band mixing calculations for the /sub 38//sup 79/Sr/sub 41/ nucleus, comparison to the existing experimental data (energy spectra for positive and negative parity (5/2)/sup +/(422) and (3/2)/sup -/(301) bands; static moments ..mu..,Q; mixing ratios delta(E2/M1) and branching ratios) has been carried out. We have also concentrated on the excited state properties of even-even Sr nuclei within the framework of the interacting boson model. A critical analysis of the interacting boson model parameters, as obtained from calculations in nearby nuclei, i.e., /sub 34/Se, /sub 36/Kr, is carried out, especially for the behavior of kappa, chi/sub ..pi../, and chi/sub ..nu../.


This paper introduces the general planning for the integrated engineering pipes in Xinzhuang in Nanjing. It reflects the requirement of the layout of the engineering pipes under the urban roads; urban crossroads, urban squares and looks forward to its development.


This paper takes as its starting point the argument from Eudemian Ethics (EE) II,1 which introduces as premisses conclusions from the previous chapters, namely, (i) the chief good of human beings is an end and (ii) everybody judges speculative wisdom, moral virtue and pleasure to be ends, either all or some of them. These two claims allow Aristotle to conclude that the most desirable of all goods is in the soul and to proceed arguing to his main conclusion in terms of the ergon , function or characteristic activity, of the soul. It should be noticed, though, that if the ergon of the human soul can explain speculative wisdom and moral virtues to be ends, the same is not so easily defensible in the case of pleasure. In fact, to take pleasure as end seems to take a subjective satisfaction with no matter what as end. Now, the ergon of the soul cannot explain pleasure as an end in this unrestricted way. To solve this difficulty, this paper seeks to interpret a prior passage, I, 5, 1215b15-1216a10, as responsible for restricting the range of pleasures that can be counted as finalities to human beings.


The paper describe a kind of wavelet collocation method for the numerical solution of partial differential equations. For such a method, this paper proposes a new basis functions to solute the heat conduct equation. This method gains a good accuracy by using Lagrange polynomials to define the function values of the external points to the interval. This method is feasible to all linear partial differential equations.


Bangladesh is one of the few countries of the world where recent increases in the incidence of venereal disease have been principally determined by poverty and war-time conditions. Other factors have also been at work. The population has doubled since the second world war and is now 75 million, a density of 1,300 per square mile, one of the highest in the world. At present 46 per cent. of the population is under 15 years of age. Population movements have involved large numbers. Between March and December, 1971, civil disturbance resulted in the emigration of some 10 million people to neighbouring India. This was accompanied by the internal migration of a further 16 million. The war lasted two weeks in December, 1971, and this was followed by the return of migrants to their homes between then and the end of February, 1972. Only 15 per cent. ofthe population live in the cities, principally Dacca, Chittagong, and Chalna, which together account for about 3 million. There is a tendency for people, especially unattached males, to move from rural areas to the cities in search of work and education. Although the practice of strict purdah is declining and women are emerging in the professions and elsewhere, for the most part they lead dependant lives. Family influences prevail in the area of sexual attitudes and behaviour, but as always demands for general freedom are accompanied by similar demands for sexual freedom. It is not surprising, therefore, that there is evidence of freer sexual expression amongst some young people in Bangladesh.


We analyze the performance of the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) for 802.11 WLANs. We consider a fixed number of contending stations within radio proximity, and we investigate the important case in which stations operate under non-saturated conditions. We assume that the MAC queues of wireless stations receive from the upper layers a stationary arrival process of packets. We identify the fundamental problems that arise in building an analytical model of the system, and we propose different approaches to overcome these difficulties. Finally, we apply our modelling technique to study several important issues in 802.11 networks, such as the impact of bursty traffic and the system performance in a multirate environment. The accuracy of the analytical results is verified by simulation with ns-2.


The bare surfaces formed on the slopes in the construction of forest roads become the most important sediment sources due to erosion. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the WEPP model in local conditions by comparing the data obtained from the same forest roads and the annual soil loss calculated with the WEPP:Road Batch model with the data obtained with ABAG, which is the metric system of the USLE model. For this purpose, analyzes were made on newly built, 5-year and 10-year sample forest roads. Web-based WEPP: Road Batch WEPP Forest Road Erosion Predictor model and ABAG model calculations were performed for the analysis. As a result of the calculations made on newly built road slopes and built 5 to 10 years ago, 7.93-15.5, 1.46-1.59 and 1.58-1.75 tons/ha/year estimated values were obtained for WEEP and ABAG models, respectively. As a result, it is thought that it would be more accurate to determine the annual soil loss precisely by taking samples only from newly built roads, where it is possible to use WEPP: Road Batch software on aged roads. Thus, a strategy can be formed about erosion and slope stability studies on forest roads.


Self‐similar systems are characterized by continuous scale invariance and, in response, the existence of power laws. However, a significant number of systems exhibits discrete scale invariance (DSI) which in turn leads to log‐periodic corrections to scaling that decorate the pure power law. Here, we present the results of a search of log‐periodic corrections to scaling in the squares of Dst index increments which are taken as proxies of the energy dissipation rate in the magnetosphere. We show that Dst time series exhibit DSI and discuss the consequence of this feature, as well as the possible implications of Dst DSI on space weather forecasting efforts.


A new standard chemotherapy for ovarian cancer has been accepted in the USA: paclitaxel (Taxol®) plus a platinum compound (cisplatin or carboplatin). There remain, however, many areas of controversy in treating this disease, including the role of cytoreductive surgery, the optimum combination regimen, the approach to managing patients who achieve a clinical remission, the importance of dose intensity in chemotherapy, the efficacy of intraperitoneal therapy, the benefit of whole-abdomen irradiation, and the status of immunotherapy and hormones.


An Introduction to Statistical Analysis in Research: With Applications in the Biological and Life Sciences develops a conceptual foundation in statistical analysis while providing readers with opportunities to practice these skills via research-based data sets in biology, kinesiology, and physical anthropology. Readers are provided with a detailed introduction and orientation to statistical analysis as well as practical examples to ensure a thorough understanding of the concepts and methodology. In addition, the book addresses not just the statistical concepts researchers should be familiar with, but also demonstrates their relevance to real-world research questions and how to perform them using easily available software packages including R, SPSS®, Excel®, and Numbers®. Specific emphasis is on the practical application of statistics in the biological and life sciences, while enhancing reader skills in identifying the research questions and testable hypotheses, determining the appropriate experimental methodology and statistical analyses, processing data, and reporting the research outcomes.


BACKGROUND: Most coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with mild symptoms were sent home for recovery However, some of them developed severe or critical conditions as the disease progressed OBJECTIVE: To develop a telemedicine model to balance the challenge of treating progressive COVID-19 patients who are home-quarantined and shortages in the medical workforce METHODS: A telemedicine system was developed to continuously monitor the progression of home quarantined COVID-19 patients The system was built on a popular social media smartphone app called WeChat, which established two-way communication between a multi-disciplinary team consisting of seven medical workers and 188 home-quarantined individuals (including 74 confirmed COVID-19 patients) The system helped patients self-assess their conditions and update the multi-disciplinary team through a telemedicine form stored on a cloud service, based on which the team made treatment decisions accordingly RESULTS: Out of 188 individuals using the telemedicine system, 114 individuals did not infect with COVID-19 and were dismissed 26 confirmed COVID-19 patients recovered during the study period, and voluntarily quit the system The remaining 48 confirmed COVID-19 patients used the system until the end of the study, including six patients who progressed to a severe or critical condition These six patients were admitted to hospital and were saved (one received ECMO support for 17 days) All 74 COVID-19 patients eventually recovered Through the comparison of monitored symptoms between hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients, this study found the prolonged persistence and deterioration of fever, dyspnea, lack of strength, and muscle soreness to be diagnostic for identifying patients for hospitalization CONCLUSIONS: By continuously monitoring the changes of several key symptoms, the telemedicine system reduces the risks of delayed hospitalization for COVID-19 patients quarantined at home due to disease progression The system uses a set of scales of quarantine management assessment for patients to self-assess their conditions The results are useful for medical staff to identify disease progression, and hence, make appropriate and timely treatment decisions The system requires little manpower to handle a large cohort of patients In addition, the system can solicit help from the recovered but self-quarantined medical workers to alleviate the shortage in the medical workforce, and free healthy medical workers to fight frontline Thus, it optimized the usage of local medical resources and prevented cross-infections among medical workers and patients


The logistics department has an important area of application for technology concerned with Wireless Sensors. The Idea is to deploy Wireless sensor motes in vehicles to study environmental conditions related to that of the carried goods. Using its communication as well as computation capability, wireless sensor motes can detect the occurrence of threshold violation(events) and send according alarming signals in real time to respective users via the network and relevant motes. As such our system needs transmitting alarming signals and sensor information from the network composed of wireless sensors to users. Also as Energy is a limited resource in wireless sensor environment due to mostly battery-operated sensor nodes, we focus on Energy Optimization which increases to a great extent the life of wireless sensors.


Janes-Tag is a manually annotated corpus of Slovene Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC). It is meant as a gold-standard training and testing dataset for tokenisation, sentence segmentation, word normalisation, morphosyntactic tagging and lemmatisation of non-standard Slovene. As the corpus has been carefully manually annotated, it is also suitable for detailed linguistic explorations which require highly accurate and reliable annotations.

A slightly older version of this corpus is described in:
ERJAVEC, Tomaž, CIBEJ, Jaka, ARHAR HOLDT, Spela, LJUBESIC, Nikola, FISER, Darja. Gold-standard datasets for annotation of Slovene computer-mediated communication. In Proceedings of RASLAN 2016: Recent Advances in Slavonic Natural Language Processing. Brno: Tribun EU, 2016, pp. 29-40, https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/raslan/raslan16.pdf

Note that a related corpus, Janes-Norm is also available, cf. http://hdl.handle.net/11356/1084.


Small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma is known to have distinct biological and clinical behavior, manifested by a rapid doubling time in vitro. Though a central mass representing metastases to hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes is a most typical roentgenographic finding, other rare circnmstances may occur. Computed tomography provides detailed information about each lung cancer and its staging. Seventy-three untreated patients with proved small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma were evaluated with thoracic CT between 1987 and 1993. For purpose of this study, small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma was classified into subtypes according to tumor location and the distribution of lymph node enlargement. Distribution of lymphadenopathy in the mediastinal compartments designated by the American Thoracic Society was assessed. The stations most commonly involved were right lower paratracheal (station 4R) and right hilar (station 11 R) with 39 cases (53%) each. The most common subtype is a central lesion with either mediastinal or hilar adenopathy (79.4%). The second is a peripheral lesion with either mediastinal or hilar adenopathy (13.7%). The third is a solitary pulmonary nodule without mediastinal and hilar adenopathy (4.1%). The least common subtype showed an infiltrative lesion in two cases (2.7%). Also assessed was the frequency of other findings including pleural effusion, displacement or narrowing of either the tracheobronchial tree or major vessels, adrenal metastasis, liver metastasis, atelecatsis, chest wall invasion, rib destruction and lung apex fibrotic scars.


This research is mainly aimed at identifying the use of agricultural websites for the quality standards of websites through achieving the sub-objectives;1- Identify The quality of the agricultural web sites represented by the site of Our lands for agriculture and animal production, the site of the central administration of agricultural extension and environment, the site of Al-Ahram Agricultural, the world of agriculture, the site of agriculture, the site of the Egyptian agricultural data, the site of Misr Agricultural Channel, the site of the agricultural newspaper Misr, and radcon wibsite. 2- Identify of the content of the agricultural websites.3 - Identify the quality of the design of agricultural web sites under study. 4 - Identify the quality of the organization of agricultural websites under study. 5- Identify of the ease of dealing with the agricultural websites in the study. 6 - Identify the order of agricultural sites in the study according to the number of visits within the Arab Republic of Egypt.


The relevances and genetic variation of the growth traits,wood quality and form auality traits of 32 years old Cryptomeria fortunei seed orchard parents were studied in this paper.The results are as follows: the differences of growth traits among the provenances and clones are very significant,the differences of bark rate among the provenances and clones are significant,and the other wood quality traits were not significant.The correlations of growth traits at an early stage and mature are some significant,and the correlation are more strong at clones level,The correlations of growth traits and wood quality traits were not obviously regular.Through comprehensive comparison,18 excellent Cryptomeria fortunei seed orchard parents have been selected,the average volume was 0.898 09 m3,the average wood basic density was 0.313 11 g/m3,the average ratio of heartwood timber was 58.03%,and the average eccentricity was 0.02% when Cryptomeria fortunei seed orchard parents are 32 years old.These selected parents can be used to hybrid parents or parents of high-generation seed orchard.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the reliability of an essay test when the scores are reduced into several rating categories. The165essays by high school students were evaluated holistically and given the marks between0to100points. The marks were then classified into the2to5rating categories according to the two criteria: the percentiles and the standard deviation of each rater's original mark distribution. The reliability coefficients were calculated based on the values of information functions which were obtained through applying the graded response models. It was found that the reliability of the5-category scores(standard deviation criterion)was almost as high as the original100-point marks, which indicates validity of the categorical rating. The characteristics of some of the raters were also described using their information functions.


Climate change is a complex and globalizing environmental issue that occurs almost all over the world, including the South Pacific islands. This article aims to examine the impacts of climate change on the Pacific community, marked by a sea-level rise that threatens the existence of the country and its population – particularly the Republic of Kiribati. This study also investigates the role of the Kiribati government in planning future strategies in response to the threat of rising sea levels. By using descriptive qualitative analysis, it found that Kiribati became one of the countries in the South Pacific whose existence and inhabitants would be threatened by the sea level rise in the near future. The impacts felt by the people of Kiribati thus far included storm surges, typhoons, floods, sea-level rise, seawater intrusion, and drought. However, the sea-level rise became the most experienced phenomenon by households in Kiribati. The Kiribati government has developed three strategies: adaptation, mitigation, and relocation. Adaptation and mitigation are identified as priorities while considering relocation as the last option.KEYWORDSClimate Change; Kiribati; Pacific; Sea Level Rise


The magneto-electric magnetic tunnel junction (ME-MTJ) is a voltage controlled beyond CMOS device based on the principle of ME anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) exchange biasing of chromia (Cr2O3) and the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of a magnetic tunnel junction (fixed/free ferromagnet (FM) stack). These devices have previously been demonstrated for the implementation of digital logic and memory applications. We here demonstrate their analog capabilities with a variety of analog functions adapted specifically to the characteristics of ME-MTJ — based devices. The novel circuit options proposed in this paper includes a ME-MTJ based analog comparator and the two variations of an 8-level analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using serial and parallel ME-MTJ circuit configurations.


The Personal Learning Environment (PLE) has been presented in a number of guises over a period of 10 years as an intervention which seeks the reorganisation of educational technology through shifting the "locus of control" of technology towards the learner. In the intervening period to the present, a number of initiatives have attempted to create or instil the dispositions of technologically empowered personal learning, to varying levels of success, but none of which have been conclusive. At the same time, developments in education and learning technology have indicated some deficiencies in the models and rationale that was used to justify the PLE. In this paper, the cybernetic model of the PLE presented through the Joint Information Services Committee PLE project is re-inspected in the light of (a) evidence from implementation; (b) changes in technology infrastructure. A refined model is presented, enriching the cybernetic argument about the control of personal tools with Bowlby's related cybernetic model of attachment. The refined model is situated against the impact of the fast-emerging real-time web, and the approach justified with reference to a computer simulation of the dynamics of the new model.


This study examined several characteristics such as the relationships between environmental attitudes and national park visitors` socio-economic characteristics, and between environmental attitudes and their travel motivations. Environmental attitude was measured using the modified New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) scale, where five response options existed(from strongly disagree to strongly agree). Data for this empirical analysis were obtained from 2,647 participants at six national parks-Sulaksan, Kayasan, Naeiangsan, Pookhansan, Taeanhaean, and Hanryohaesang. Results showed that most visitors gave a pro-NEP response ranging from neutral attitude to pro-environmentalism. Environmental attitudes correlated positively with education level, while, negatively with age. Environmental concern, also, generally correlated positively with `rest` and `health` motivators, while, negatively with `socialization` and `vacation` motivators. The findings of this study suggest that education is the most effective politic measure to lead pro-environmental concern for park visitors. And, given the nature of the relationship between environmental concern and visitors` motivation, park managers should be more careful handling with family and group visitors who have `vacation` and `socialization` motivators than `rest` and `health` motivators,


The breaking strength, strain at break, and work to rupture of perfect fibers prepared with polymers of finite molecular weight are calculated by treating the perfect fiber as a stressed crystal undergoing a crystal-melt phase transition. In this view, a tensile load destabilizes the crystal and depresses its melting point. When the load is sufficient to lower the melting temperature to the ambient condition the fiber melts—i.e., fails. The theoretical equations (extremely simple) are applied to several common polymer fibers. The maximum tensile strength of polyethylene, for example, is calculated to be 7 to 9 GPa, in good agreement with current experimental results.


We report on the measurement of the lifetimes of pions, kaons and muons in the secondary cosmic‐ray radiation by using a hybrid detector. The detector consists of a container filled with liquid scintillator that produces scintillation light when crossed by charged particles; this container is located atop a water tank that produces Cherenkov light when crossed by charged particles. Both containers have one phototube inside to detect the light produced. The electronics used consists of NIM modules, two digital oscilloscopes and one PC. This equipment is multipurpose and can be conventionally found in any modern physics laboratory. The results obtained for the muon, pion and kaon lifetimes are the following: τμ =2.120±0.02 μs, τπ =24.63±3 ns y τK = 12.52±2 ns in good agreement with the literature.


Various kinds of materials have been developed as transparent conductors for applications in semiconductor optoelectronic devices. However, there is a bottleneck that transparent conductive materials lose their transparency at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths and could not meet the demands for commercial UV device applications. In this work, textured indium tin oxide (ITO) is grown and its potential to be used at UV wavelengths is explored. It is observed that the pronounced Burstein-Moss effect could widen the optical bandgap of the textured ITO to 4.7 eV. The average transmittance in UVA (315 nm–400 nm) and UVB (280 nm–315 nm) ranges is as high as 94% and 74%, respectively. The excellent optical property of textured ITO is attributed to its unique structural property. The compatibility of textured ITO thin films to the device fabrication is demonstrated on 368-nm nitride-based light emitting diodes, and the enhancement of light output power by 14.8% is observed compared to sputtered ITO.


Based on the concept,function and application of the stainless steel fiber,the current status and expectation of research on the stainless steel fiber and its functional textiles,fundamental characteristics and making method of the stainless steel fiber are discussed.


The classical eikonal equation is commonly used in Cartesian coordinate system for problems that involve static correction,prestack migration,earthquake location and seismic tomography,but is less effective for calculating travel times in an earth model that has an irregular surface.We have presented a topography-dependent eikonal equation in a curvilinear coordinate system that makes use of the surface-fitting grid and map a rectangular grid onto a curved grid.Then,we utilized the efficient Lax-Friedrichs sweeping scheme to approximate the viscosity solutions of the eikonal equation in the curvilinear coordinate system.In this paper,we investigate the impacts due to the anisotropic stretching of the surface-fitting grid on the traveltime computation by using the topography-dependent eikonal equation,which has a significant meaning in the direction of our method in geophysical application.


Objective: The objective of this article is to identify whether there is a difference in survival from prostate cancer in urban and rural areas of Scotland and to identify potential inequalities in incidence, disease characteristics and the treatment of prostate cancer between these areas. Subjects/patients and methods: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken. Retrospective analysis of data from Information Services Division and regional cancer databases from 2005 to 2010 was performed. A comparison of NHS Highland & Western Isles as the rural group with NHS Lothian as the urban group was made. Data were collected on patient and disease characteristics, first treatment and mortality. Non-parametric continuous data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical data were assessed using a two-tailed Z test. The p value for statistical significance was set at < 0.05. Results: The incidence of prostate cancer was higher in rural areas. Rural patients were older at diagnosis (p < 0.0001), presented with higher risk disease (p < 0.0001) and underwent less curative treatment (p < 0.0001). There was potentially poorer survival in rural areas. Conclusions: Men living in rural areas of Scotland present with more aggressive prostate cancer and may have poorer survival. This could be due to high levels of PSA testing in urban areas, therefore further studies are needed to identify patterns of PSA testing in Scotland. These inequalities will be highlighted to the Scottish Government to inform the 'Detect Cancer Early' campaign for its second phase in 2015.


This thesis presents insight into the signalling pathways of EphB4, a protein known to be involved in cancer progression. A new method was developed and used to identify a number of proteins that can interact with EphB4; and a novel mechanism of action for EphB4 was identified, where EphB4 was transported outside of the host cell by small vesicles called exosomes. These findings suggest that EphB4 may play important roles in pathways in both normal and disease states, and opens up new research directions into understanding the mechanisms, signalling pathways and cellular consequences of these new roles for EphB4.


Various embodiments of the invention provide an apparatus and method for providing a video call in a portable terminal. The method includes displaying a plurality of first image data in a predetermined first area; transmitting the a plurality of the first image data; receiving a plurality of second image data from another portable terminal; and displaying the plurality of the second image data in a predetermined second area.


Objective
To assess the changing trend of serum uric acid (SUA) levles in health check-up subjects of Tianjin municipality 2007-2015.

Method
Data were collected from 266 043 subjects receiving annual health check-up from 2007 to 2015 in Tianjin municipality. Changing trends of SUA levels and incidence of hyperuricemia were analyzed during the 9 year period.

Results
From 2007 to 2015 SUA levels in males were increased from (347±73) μmol/L to (373±78) μmol/L, while in females were increased from(253±59) μmol/L to (267±61) μmol/L. The trend test showed that both for men and women the incidence of hyperuricemia was increased in each year (men: χ2=270.30, women : χ2=15.10, both P=0.00). The incidence of hyperuricemia by each year was increased more markedly in men than that in women (χ2 level: 194.80-1 877.00, all P=0.00). The incidence of hyperuricemia in young adults (20-39) was higher than that in middle-ages (40-59), and the latter was higher than that in elderly (>60). For the 7-year (2009-2015)incidence of hyperuricemia in young and middle-aged men, the trend test showed statistical siganificance (χ2 level: 14.11-233.90, all P=0.00). By contrast, the incidence hyperuricemia in women was increased with aging, and for the 9-year incidence of hyperuricemia in young women, the trend test showed statistical siganificance (χ2 level: 115.30-480.20, all P=0.00).

Conclusion
The incidence rates of hyperuricemia are high in Tianjin health check-up subjects, especiallly in young males and old females. There is a time trend of increasing incidence of hyperuricemia in the young and middle-aged subjects. The results indicate that the prevention and control of hyperuricemia in Tianjin are of clinical and social significance.

Key words:
Hyperuricemia; Health examination; Trend test; Factor analysis, statistical


This article is devoted to the factors of development of information commerce of Uzbekistan in modern conditions. Decision of the problems concerned to introduction and use of information-communication technologies in all spheres of national economy including in sphere of commerce, is extremely important and actual.


PLANO DESCRIBED AN ELEMENT (10) HAS BEEN DESIGNED FOR TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF MOISTURE certain purposes and having a carrier (14) permeable to air having a adsorbent. ELEMENT PLANE (10) also has a layer of non-woven material (12) storing moisture, so that the carrier (14) adsorbent and the layer Nonwoven (12) are connected by a network (16) MAP FIBER COMPOSITE A (22; 22 ') air permeable. THE TUDOR (16) is directed from layer Nonwoven (12) to the carrier (14) adsorbent. FIBER WHISKERS (18) TUDOR (16) extending from the CAPA Nonwoven (12) to the carrier (14) adsorbent and pass through it. FIBER WHISKERS (18) MECHA have an effect on humidity, whereby moisture transport into the layer of non-woven material (12) is optimized. Especially when ALREADY SATURATED LAYER Nonwoven (12) STORAGE OF EXCESS MOISTURE takes place in the adsorber carrier (14).


Galaxy mergers are expected to have a significant role in the mass assembly of galaxies in the early universe, but there are very few observational constraints on the merger history of galaxies at z > 2. We present the first study of galaxy major mergers (mass ratios <1:4) in mass-selected samples out to z ≈ 6. Using all five fields of the Hubble Space Telescope/CANDELS survey and a probabilistic pair-count methodology that incorporates the full photometric redshift posteriors and corrections for stellar mass completeness, we measure galaxy pair-counts for projected separations between 5 and 30 kpc in stellar mass selected samples at 9.7 < log10(M⋆/M⊙) < 10.3 and log10(M⋆/M⊙) > 10.3. We find that the major merger pair fraction rises with redshift to z ≈ 6 proportional to (1 + z)m, with m = 0.8 ± 0.2 (m = 1.8 ± 0.2) for log10(M⋆/M⊙) > 10.3 (9.7 < log10(M⋆/M⊙) < 10.3). Investigating the pair fraction as a function of mass ratio between 1:20 and 1:1, we find no evidence for a strong evolution in the relative numbers of minor to major mergers out to z < 3. Using evolving merger timescales, we find that the merger rate per galaxy ( ) rises rapidly from 0.07 ± 0.01 Gyr−1 at z < 1 to 7.6 ± 2.7 Gyr−1 at z = 6 for galaxies at log10(M⋆/M⊙) > 10.3. The corresponding comoving major merger rate density remains roughly constant during this time, with rates of Γ ≈ 10−4 Gyr−1 Mpc−3. Based on the observed merger rates per galaxy, we infer specific mass accretion rates from major mergers that are comparable to the specific star formation rates for the same mass galaxies at z > 3 - observational evidence that mergers are as important a mechanism for building up mass at high redshift as in situ star formation.


In this note, we consider an `-isogeny descent on a pair of elliptic curves over Q. We assume that ` > 3 is a prime. The main result expresses the relevant Selmer groups as kernels of simple explicit maps between finitedimensional F`-vector spaces defined in terms of the splitting fields of the kernels of the two isogenies. We give examples of proving the `-part of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjectural formula for certain curves of small conductor.


In view of the disasters of erosion loss, the current status of sediments utilization and the necessity of optimal deployment of sediments, a framework of optimal deployment theory of sediments in basin has been constructed on the basis of optimal deployment principles of sediments in basin by large scale system disaggregation-coordination idea and the optimal sediments deployment methods for multi-objectives in subsystems of basin. An optimal deployment mathematical model of sediments in the upper and middle Yellow River basin was established which consists of interrelated sub-models at three grades: the subsystems, the subareas and the large scale system. The optimal deployment schemes of sediments were computed on various inflow conditions in the upper and middle Yellow River basin, the results were evaluated and the proposed schemes were provided accordingly which offered references to scientific management and harnessing of sediments in the river basin.


The spectacular rise of multimedia Web content, especially video and audio content, makes addressing its accessibility a matter of urgency. All the regulations recognize that this type of content must be accessible to everyone, with or without a disability. To address this issue, this article presents a Model-Based Graphical Editor to design Accessible Media Players. This tool has been created in order to provide support to designers with little background in accessibility. To accomplish this work, a review of Accessibility Standards Regulation has been carried out, a set of accessibility requirements for accessible media players is proposed and a modelling of these requirements has been made.


This paper proposed a finite-time backstepping control for a robotic manipulator under the presence of actuator fault, saturation constraints, output constraints, and external disturbance to obtain requirements about the robustness, fast convergence, and high accuracy tracking performance. To manage the above challenges, the proposed control is designed on a transformed model with the backstepping approach and extended state observer. The transformed model is resulted from converting a constrained system based on a transformation technique. So, it provides an ability for the proposed control to obtain the prescribed performance of the output response. Additionally, an extended state observer is conducted to deal with the lumped uncertainties in the system. The essential characteristic of the proposed control is no required knowledge of the actuator faults and external disturbance to be available. Furthermore, fractional-order terms are added in the control laws to enhance the rate of output responses. To demonstrate the advantages of the proposed control in terms of global asymptotic stability, the Lyapunov approach is used to verify the whole controlled system in theory. The proposed control is applied to a 2-degree of freedom (DOF) manipulator and simulated by MATLAB Simulink. Its simulation results are compared to other state-of-the-art methods to exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed control.


This paper introduces the control of selecting cutter library of CNC machining cent by using the Mitsubishi FX2N series of PLC and elaborates the scheme of control.At the same time,according to the requirements and characteristics of selecting cutter library of CNC machining cent,it confirms the allocation of I/O,designs the trapezoidal chart,and carries out the scene debugging.


Faculty members of Mechanical Engineering (ME) and the Aviation Technology (AT) were looking for ways to join forces and to use each program's strengths to develop a project in which students of both programs could interact, learn from each other, and work on a realistic project. It was decided to develop and build a Personal Lifting Vehicle (PLV). The PLV is a small aircraft, which uses the lifting fan concept for lift and speed. The project will be completed in several phases. Phase 1 perform a feasibility engineering study. Phase 2 the construction of a ¼ scale model. Phase 3 ground and flight test of the ¼ scale model. Phase 4 the development of a modified full-scale model used for the integration of the lift and propulsion systems and phase 5 will be the development of the PLV prototype. So far, Phase 1 and 2 have been completed. Phase 3 is under development, and phase 4 and 5 are scheduled for the summer and fall semesters of 2002. INRODUCTION The ability to fly like a bird has always been mankind's dream, although we can fly faster and farther than any bird we still can't copy all their flight characteristics. The Personal Lifting Vehicle (PLV) is an attempt to develop a vehicle that is relatively inexpensive to operate, will fit in a standard garage and is useful for daily transportation much like a motorcycle. It will fly at relatively low altitudes up to a 1000 ft. The operational limits of the LTV are illustrated in table I.


A newly improved structure of multilevel inverter based on subordinate units for single phase seven level inverter is presented. This paper emphasis on analysing performance characteristics of novel multilevel inverter with reduced number of switches. The symmetrical reduced switch multilevel inverter is triggered by newly proposed modulation strategy termed as hybrid carrier pulse width modulation strategy and attempts to demonstrate the parameters such as THD, VRMS and distortion factor using MATLAB SIMULINK and proposed strategy implemented as a prototype by FPGA.


In our previous work, the influence of local bridge on a complex network of 25 coupled chaotic circuits has been investigated. In this study, we focus on partial synchronization in the case of 5 clusters that are divided from local bridges. By means of computer simulations, the states of significant node is located in between two local bridges in the network and partial synchronization probability of each cluster are investigated. Moreover, we statistically analyze the sojourn time of synchronization in various sizes of the clusters. I. I NTRODUCTION Complex networks have attracted a great deal of attention from various fields since the discovery of "small-world" network [1] and "scale-free" network [2]. In particular, how network topological structure influences its dynamical behaviors, is a hot topic for understanding the structural function on the networks and suitable for practical application in many disciplines such as biology, sociology and economics. Most of complex networks can be represented as a graph by nodes (vertices) and edges (links). On the other hand, synchronization is one of the typical phenomena in the field of natural science. In particular, synchronization phenomena on the networks of coupled chaotic systems are very interesting. However, there are not many studies for complex networks of continuous-time real physical systems such as electrical circuits. In sociology, there is a famous theory called "The strength of weak ties" by Granovetter [3]. "Local bridge" is the edge which predominantly shorter than other routes between two nodes, and is essential for information propagation in complex networks. In our previous work, we have investigated the influence of local bridge on a complex network by means of synchronization phenomena of 25 coupled chaotic circuits [4]. Local bridges almost behave asynchronously, partial synchronization in the network is almost occurred from local bridge. In this study, partial synchronization in a complex network with local bridge of 25 coupled chaotic circuits is investigated. We focus on partial synchronization in the case of 5 clusters that are divided from local bridges. For the investigations, we define the synchronization and a time interval. By means of computer simulations, the states of significant node is located in between two local bridges in the network and partial synchronization probability of each cluster are investigated. When partial synchronization probabilities of each cluster are evaluated, we consider the typical three structural metrics of each cluster. Moreover, we statistically analyze the sojourn time of synchronization in various sizes of the clusters. II. N ETWORK MODEL Figure 1 shows the chaotic circuit which is threedimensional autonomous circuit proposed by Shinriki et al. [5][6]. This circuit is composed by an inductor, a negative resistor, two capacitors and dual-directional diodes. A proposed network model of 25 coupled chaotic circuits with local bridge is shown in Fig.2. In this model, chaotic circuits are applied to each node of the network and each edge corresponds to a coupling resistorR. In this model, local bridges are considered to be the edges 1–25, 8–9, 14–15, 15–16 and 22– 23.


IEEE 802.15.4 is a new enabling standard for low-rate wireless personal area networks and has been widely accepted as a de facto standard for wireless sensor networking. While primary motivations b...


A new compact 24-GHz ladder reflector antenna on chip has been developed using the standard 0.18-um six metal layers complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. The antenna consists of an active dipole and a ladder reflector array. The ladder reflector array successfully adjusts the radiation direction of the active dipole and effectively suppresses the active dipole interference to chip circuit. The measured results show that the ladder reflector antenna has a 6.25-dBdc gain at 24 GHz and a -6-dB S11 impedance bandwidth of 19.92 27.60 GHz . The design method presented in this letter is quite straightforward, and can be used to develop antenna on chip for the wireless interconnect for interchip communications.


Alnico permanent magnet alloys have been successfully shaped into rod, wire and strip by hot working at elevated temperature. It has been found that by careful processing, certain Alnico alloys can be fabricated by extrusion, swaging, and rolling. The wrought Alnico after heat treatment was found to have comparable permanent magnet properties and improved mechanical properties compared to cast specimens of the same alloy.


ABSTRACT:There is a very popular teaching in Orthodox circles that the small letters found in the writing of the names of the sons of Haman in Megillat Esther are a reference to the year of the Nuremberg trials and the ten Nazis hanged at that time. In this article we will explore where this teaching originated, what it is based on, and what its message is understood to be.


Slow Raman response in gas-filled photonic crystal fibers enables non-local interactions between two successive ultrashort solitons. Different spatiotemporal modulation of the medium refractive index can be obtained by varying time delay between the solitons.


This article on suburban traffic congestion first examines the wide range of suburban environments and the substantively different problems they pose. This is followed by the presentation of seven views on public policy concerning the more basic problem relating to land use, transportation planning and finance. Some of the issues that the various options for solving the congestion problem might raise are considered next. In conclusion, six suggestions concerning the future approach to handling the suburban traffic congestion problem are offered.


A cat presented for clinical evaluation with a large mass on the superior lip was submitted to surgery to remove the tumor with the conservation of healthy tissue around it. The facial defect was reconstructed with a cutaneous flap in the caudal auricular axial pattern. The wound presented first intention healing on the major extension, with adequate functional and cosmetic results. According to the histopathological findings, it was a fibrosarcoma, which did not show any sign of relapse in the next 21 months after the surgical intervention.


A criterion is given for a strong type in a finite rank stable theory T to be (almost) internal to a given nonmodular minimal type. The motivation comes from results of Campana [5] which give criteria for a compact complex analytic space to be "algebraic" (namely Moishezon). The canonical base property for a stable theory states that the type of the canonical base of a stationary type over a realisation is almost internal to the minimal types of the theory. It is conjectured that every finite rank stable theory has the canonical base property. It is shown here, that in a theory with the canonical base property, if p is a stationary type for which there exists a family of types qb, each internal to a non-locally modular minimal type r, and such that any pair of independent realisations of p are "connected" by the qb's, then p is almost internal to r.


Objective management and performance appraisal complement each other, promoting the innovation and originality of coal enterprises. Directed towards the difficulties in coal enterprises, this article built a multi-objective programming model, which decomposed the monthly targets of production, footage and coal quality into each production team, and obtained the crucial parameters with Analytical Hierarchy Process. This way we combined the qualitative methods and quantitative methods, which decreased the influence of subjective factors, and obtained reasonable decomposition result, providing coal enterprises scientific foundation for the implementation of objective management and performance appraisal.


The structures of three metabolites produced by a strain of Aspergillus flavipes are discussed including a previously described antibiotic, which is shown to be 3′-isovaleryl-6-methylpyridine-3-spiro-2′-oxiran-2(1H),4(3H)-dione (1).


On the occasion of the Transportation Journal's golden anniversary, the authors present a retrospective of the research published in the journal over the past five decades. They analyze characteristics of authors and articles and find that between 2001 and 2010 there is an increase in the number of authors who are not from the United States. In earlier years, far more papers published had only one author rather than later articles with multiple authors. The reason for this change may be the exponential rate of information growth in recent years making it difficult if not impossible for one individual to have adequate comprehensive knowledge of a particular topic. There has also been an increase in female authorship in more recent years. Four topics—public policy, pricing, education, and operations—are expected to be as popular as they have in past years. Other popular topical areas in future years will be globalization, risk management and mitigation, technology, sustainability, collaboration and integration, safety and security, strategy and metric development, and social responsibility.


During the nineteenth century, infrastructures of devotion and religious worship in Ireland changed dramatically. By 1900, the landscape was transformed by the presence of highly decorated, prominent church buildings. The many building projects of the Roman Catholic church were highly dependent on donations and fundraising. This essay explores the extent to which historical narratives, images, and ideas were used in order to motivate donations, and to develop a sense of community engagement with these new buildings as both symbols of past persecution overcome, and future spiritual glory. It explores sermons and speeches associated with new church building projects as sites for the performance of historiographical authority, and traces the emergence of key narratives of identity and memory, which were powerfully expressed through the spaces and architectural forms of the church buildings.


This paper argues that multivariate statistical analysis of operating data may provide the necessary information and insight needed to adequately control many of the complex industrial processes that do not lend themselves to rigid deterministic feedbac..


An occupational health and industrial hygiene study of the oil shale workers at the Department of Energy Anvil Points Oil Shale Mine and Retorting Facility near Rifle, Colorado, was conducted. This evaluation was to look specifically at the potential occupational health problems associated with the Paraho direct combustion retorting process. In addition, the mine, crushing plant, disposal, and auxiliary operations were also studied. Industrial hygiene data did not confirm any personal exposures in excess of industrial hygiene standards. However, area sampling did show that areas and operations would present significant exposures to some employees should such employees work full time in these areas. Commercial scale operations will require industrial hygiene control measures. The medical study performed on the Paraho employees indicates that there are no health problems or effects positively correlated with exposure to oil shale operations or its retorting products. The major health effect noted was from job-incurred injuries. Commercial scale operations will require periodic comprehensive medical evaluations as well as design of operations and equipment to avoid potential health and safety problems.


The pressure dependence of melting temperature and latent heat of fusion for metals provide simple and useful tests for theories of melting, as well as important constraints for the modeling of planetary interiors. Here, we present a new experimental technique that reveals the latent heat of fusion of a metal sample compressed inside a diamond anvil cell. The technique combines microsecond-timescale pulsed electrical heating with an internally-heated diamond anvil cell for the first time. Further, we use the technique to constrain the melting curve of platinum to a relatively narrow temperature range from $\sim 3000$ K at 34 GPa to $\sim 4500$ K at 107 GPa, thermodynamic conditions that are between the steep and shallow experimental melting curves reported previously. Upper bounds on the entropy and volume of fusion are also determined at high pressure: $\Delta S_m \leq 21$ J/mol/K and $\Delta V_m \leq 0.35$ cm$^3$/mol and at $86 \pm 6$ GPa.


We demonstrate via simulations that transient perturbations introduced by non-zero diagonal elements in a Hopfield network can improve NP-hard graph optimization efficiency by more than a factor of two. Such perturbations enhance the known effects of circuit noise typical of memristor-based networks in escaping local minima (incorrect solutions) and finding the global minimum (correct solution) of the Hopfield energy. We provide systematic simulations of NP-hard graph problems with controlled nonidealities in memristor arrays modeled as noise amplitude and diagonal perturbations. Furthermore, our approach improves Hopfield network optimization efficiencies to solve NP-hard problems regardless of the graph size (30 × 30, 60 × 60, and 80 × 80) and connectivity (30%, 50%, and 70%).


By using the tools of ASP.Net,SQLSever2005 database and Matlab COM Automation Server,a net-platform of teaching and experiment was realized.Through log in the Website of Net-Lab,it can not only help students to browse and download teaching PPT,teaching scheme and assignment,but also provide teachers and students with Matlab(on-)line mapping Root Locus,Bode,Nyquist.Meanwhile,the netplatform of teaching and experiment is now equipped with a classic control theory study in the pole control,PID control and so on.In order to facilitate the use of the Internet for online learning,there are functions such as news notice, exercise,BBS,message boards and other interactive communication built in the Website of Net-Platform.


Share. Effects of 17 (cid:98) -estradiol on sympathetic activity and pressor response to phenylephrine in ovariectomized rats. Am. J. Physiol. 275 ( Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 44): R1202–R1208, 1998.—The effects of 17 (cid:98) estradiol (E 2 ) on sympathetic activity were examined in conscious unrestrained ovariectomized rats, instrumented under methohexital anesthesia to record mean arterial pressure (MABP), heart rate (HR), renal nerve activity (RNA), and splanchnic nerve activity (SNA) 1 day before the experi-ment. Injection of E 2 (150 µg/kg iv) caused reductions ( P (cid:44) 0.01) in RNA (29 (cid:54) 6%), SNA (25 (cid:54) 2%), and HR (26 (cid:54) 5 beats/min) within 20 min, but MABP remained unchanged. Ninety minutes after intravenous injection of E 2 or vehicle, intravenous infusion of phenylephrine (PE; 6.2 µg·min (cid:50) 1 · kg (cid:50) 1 ) induced similar increases in MABP and decreases in HR, RNA, and SNA in both groups. By contrast, in rats chronically treated with E 2 , the pressor response to PE was smaller ( P (cid:44) 0.01; 22 (cid:54) 5 mmHg) than in vehicle-treated rats (40 (cid:54) 4 mmHg). The changes in HR, RNA, and SNA were similar in both groups, but the ratios of changes in HR and SNA to MABP, an index of baroreflex sensitivity, were greater in the E 2 -treated rats. These findings suggest that E 2 can act centrally to modulate sympathetic function and thereby participate in cardiovascular regulation.


(73) Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., (57) ABSTRACT Chiyoda-ku (JP) A pressure-sensitive adhesive film comprising an adhesive layer on a substrate is provided. The layer is made of a silicone composition comprising (A) a diorganopolysiloxane (21) Appl. No.: 12/911,262 having at least two alkenyl and phenyl groups, (B) an organ opolysiloxane comprising R'SiOos and SiO, units, (C) an (22) Filed: Oct. 25, 2010 organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least three SiH groups, (D) a retarder, (E) an addition reaction catalyst, and (F) an organic solvent. The PSA film can be applied to a (30) Foreign Application Priority Data member without entrapping bubbles. After applied, the PSA


The article is a review of the surgical therapies for iatrogenic bile duct lesions (IBDL). The history of the bile duct surgical procedures starts in 1882, when the first cholecystectomy is performed. There are several classifications of the IBDLs such as Bismuth, Wood et al., McMahon et al., Strasberg et al., Bergman et al., Bismuth and Majno, Stewart-Way, Hannover and Mattox. The choice of the proper surgical treatment of IBDLs depends of their type and the review describes the end-to-end repair, hepaticojejunostomy, hepaticojejunostomy without sutures, mucosal graft (Rodney Smith technique), hepaticoduodenostomy, Heineke-Mikulicz plastic repair of stricture, right and left duct hepaticojejunostomy, construction of hepatic duct bifurcation when bifurcation has been destroyed, intrahepatic cholangiojejunostomy, ligamentum teres (round ligament) approach to the left hepatic duct and Longmire procedure. Even the surgical treatment of IBDLs is in continuous development and research, their best prevention is the proper training of the biliary surgeons in the performance of safe cholecystectomies or any other abdominal surgeries, complex gastrotomies, pancreatic operations, endoscopic biliary tract investigations etc.


Abstract Introduction: Thyroid nodules are scattered lesions caused by abnormal local growth of thyroid cells. In recent years, their prevalence rate has been rising gradually, and the probability of cancerations has also been increasing gradually. Therefore, we must pay more attention to them and carry out early intervention. However, at present, most of the intervention measures for patients with thyroid nodules are mainly clinical observation and follow-up, and no clear and effective drug intervention therapy has been proposed. The curative effect of acupuncture on thyroid nodules has been proved clinically. However, as there is no clear mechanism of action, no specific operation methods or Suggestions, it is necessary to make a systematic evaluation of acupuncture therapy, so as to lay a foundation for further research in the future. Methods and analysis: The following databases will be searched from their inception to June 2020: Electronic database includes PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Nature, Science online, Chinese Biomedical Database WanFang, VIP medicine information, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Primary outcomes: Color ultrasound of thyroid and cervical lymph nodes, FT3, FT4, TSH, TGAB, TPOAB, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Data will be extracted by 2 researchers independently, risk of bias of the meta-analysis will be evaluated based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. All data analysis will be conducted by data statistics software Review Manager V.5.3. and Stata V.12.0. Results: The results of this study will systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for patients with thyroid nodule. Conclusion: Through the systematic review of this study, the evidence of the treatment of thyroid nodule by acupuncture has been summarized so far, so as to provide guidance for further promoting the application of acupuncture therapy in patients with thyroid nodule. Ethics and dissemination: This study is a systematic review, the outcomes are based on the published evidence, so examination and agreement by the ethics committee are not required in this study. We intend to publish the study results in a journal or conference presentations. Open Science Fra network (OSF) registration number: August 18, 2020. osf.io/uzck4. (https://osf.io/uzck4)


A kind of Varma and Turan type inequality with derivatives for rational functions with (given extremum points is ) established.The results obtained improve and generalize the corresponding results of relative citations.


PURPOSE
4D imaging modalities require detailed characterization for clinical optimization. The On-Board Imager mounted on the linear accelerator was used to investigate dose rates in a tissue mimicking phantom using 4D-CBCT and assess variability of contouring similarity metrics between 4D-CT and 4D-CBCT retrospective reconstructions.

METHODS
A 125 kVp thoracic protocol was used. A phantom placed on a motion platform simulated a patient's breathing cycle. An ion chamber was affixed inside the phantom's tissue mimicking cavities (i.e. bone, lung, and soft tissue). A sinusoidal motion waveform was executed with a five second period and superior-inferior motion. Dose rates were measured at six ion chamber positions. A preliminary workflow for contouring similarity between 4D-CT and 4D-CBCT was established using a single lung SBRT patient's historical data. Average intensity projection (Ave-IP) and maximum intensity projection (MIP) reconstructions generated offline were compared between the 4D modalities. Similarity metrics included Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance, and center of mass (COM) deviation. Two isolated lesions were evaluated in the patient's scans: one located in the right lower lobe (ITVRLL) and one located in the left lower lobe (ITVLLL).

RESULTS
Dose rates ranged from 2.30 (lung) to 5.18 (bone) E-3 cGy/mAs. For fixed acquisition parameters, cumulative dose is inversely proportional to gantry speed. For ITVRLL, DSC were 0.70 and 0.68, Hausdorff distances were 6.11 and 5.69 mm, and COM deviations were 1.24 and 4.77 mm, for Ave-IP and MIP respectively. For ITVLLL, DSC were 0.64 and 0.75, Hausdorff distances were 10.74 and 8.00 mm, and COM deviations were 7.55 and 4.3 mm, for Ave-IP and MIP respectively.

CONCLUSION
While the dosimetric output of 4D-CBCT is low, characterization is necessary to assure clinical optimization. A basic workflow for comparison of simulation and treatment 4D image-based contours was established. This work was partially supported by a Research Scholar Grant (RSG-15-137-01-CCE) from the American Cancer Society.


Nation is not only a territorial and cultural reference but also a construction of discourse,existing in people's imagination and the media narration.Olympics,not only a competition of skills and the communication of sportsmanship,have become an important institution of enforcing national identity because of the articulation between sports and mass media.The construction of national identification is achieved through reshaping of time,space and the ritual of Olympics.


The invention provides a video phone processing method and device. The method comprises enabling a calling session control function device to receive video telephone requests sent by a public switched telephone network side device; enabling the calling session control function device to obtain identifications of a calling set top box terminal bound with a calling telephone number and identifications of a called set top box terminal bound with a called telephone number; enabling the calling session control function device to route voice call to a switch according to the video telephone requests; and enabling the calling session control function device to send the video processing requirements to an application server. According to the video phone processing method and device, video communication is performed in the user voice communication process, and the effect of video telephones is improved.


The aging precipitates and the relationships with martensite of Custom 465 were researched.The results show that Ni3Ti is the major precipitate in the steel.The precipitates take the form of poles with the longitudinal axis parallel to 111M.The relationships between the precipitates and the martensite are 011M//0001Ni3Ti 111M//1120Ni3Ti.These relationships make Ni3Ti precipitate in 12 kinds of possible variants.


Gynaecologic malignant neoplasms are significant medical and social problem in Poland. The majority of Polish women suffer from breast, cervix, ovary and endometrial cancer. This paper shows common and new methods in early diagnosis of neoplasmic diseases.


Three-phase voltage source inverters are widely used in various power system applications including industrial motor drives, renewable generation systems, active filter and active rectifiers. The main aim of this paper is to present the software design and implementation of a SPWM signal generator system for the three phase inverter with variable frequency-variable voltage magnitude output based on the low cost-high performance of 16 bit digital signal controller dsPIC30f4011. To achieve a fast execution time, all the  arithmetic computations are designed and realized by using the fixed point arithmetic technique, whereas the sinusoidal wave value is precalculated and stored in 8-bit wide look up table. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the software realization.


1Student researcher of the Professional Academic School of Mechanical Engineering, Continental University, Junín, Peru. 2Director of the Professional Academic School of Mechanical Engineering, Continental University, Junín, Peru. 3Docente researcher of Industrial Maintenance Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Tlaxcala, Mexico. 4Docente researcher of Industrial Maintenance Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Tlaxcala, Mexico. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The development of this project addresses the problem that is currently being presented by the central jungle of Peru, who are engaged in the cultivation of the Sacha Inchi seed. At present, the industrial process that is carried out with sacha inchi is not adequate due to the lack of specialized equipment, therefore, its production is currently deficient, being one of Peru's important export products. The lack of knowledge of industrial process techniques wastes the value of such an important seed.


Preface Introduction The Ancient Olympic Games through the Centuries Politics & the Bronze Age Origins of Olympic Practices Pindar, Heracles the Idaean Dactyl, & the Foundation of the Olympic Games The First Olympic Games The Transformation of Athletics in Sixth-Century Greece The Ancient Olympics & Their Ideals Olympic Losers: Why Athletes Who Did Not Win at Olympia Are Remembered Judges & Judging at the Ancient Olympic Games Heroic & Athletic Sortition at Ancient Olympia Fabulous Females & Ancient Olympia The Halma: A Running or Standing Jump? Connections between Olympia & Stymphalus Commemorative Cash: The Coins of the Ancient & Modern Olympics The Olympic Games in Modern Times Duke Kahanamoku -- Olympic Champion & Uncle Sam's Adopted Son: The Cultural Text of a Hawaiian Conqueror Carl Diem's Inspiration for the Torch Relay? Jan Wils, Amsterdam 1928, & the Origin of the Olympic Flame The Great Progression: A Content Analysis of the Lake Placid News & the Los Angeles Times' Treatment of the 1932 Olympics Womanizing Olympic Athletes: Policy & Practice during the Avery Brundage Era The Bridge to Change: The 1976 Montreal Olympic Games, South African Apartheid Policy, & the Olympic Boycott Paradigm Splitting Hairs: The Struggle between the Canadian Federal Government & the Organizing Committee of 1976 Torontolympiad Concerning South African Participation Juan Antonio Samaranch's Score Sheet: Revenue Generation & the Olympic Movement, 1980-2001 Olympic Ideals: Pragmatic Method & the Future of the Games "To Construct a Better & More Peaceful World", or "War Minus the Shooting"?: The Olympic Movement's Second Century Index.


The decision on what to produce, how to produce, when to produce and at which cost to produce is fundamental and critical to the success and survival of a ny manufactur ing industry. The decision making process hitherto the evolution of information technology was complex. The complexity could be seen from difficulties and financial burden associated with data gathering, analysis, communication and manpower hours. The evolution of global connectivity is indeed a remarkable technological breakthrough that has contributed immensely to shorten the longevity of tim e, hum an an d ma terial resources and procedures associated with decision-making. This has propelled most organizations to brace up and refocuses their attention to embrace information technology as a catalytic tool in decision-making process. This paper takes a critical view of Internet as an effective tool in th e dec ision making process and lays bare its various facilities and their imperativeness in taking decisions in the manufacturing industry.


HE ARGUMENT need not be made here that the United States is a country of mobile people. In the last twenty years the Bureau of the Census reports that 18 to 20 percent of the population changed residence annually. One third of these people migrated from one county to another and about one sixth moved from one state to another. If multiple moves are not considered, over one third of the population migrates between states each decade.' The problems which moves create are indeed being recognized by the average American; just one look at the high circulation women's magazines, for example, will show the prominence of this theme.2 Almost every issue contains a short story or an article posing a woman's dilemma: is her husband's promotion and raise worth the cost of a move away from her home and parents, from the children's schools, from their friends and social activities?