The achievements of material engineering are used in all areas of life, including the protection of monuments. This applies to both building and construction materials as well as functional materials. Structures of old, historic buildings and exhibits are sensitive to excess heat and mechanical waves. Therefore, methods of limiting the negative impact of these factors on historic buildings are sought. One of the examples of devices that have a negative impact on the environment are transformers. Due to the phenomenon of magnetostriction, these devices emit heat and mechanical waves. For this reason, materials are sought to limit the negative impact of these factors on historic buildings. The study investigated the effect of the addition of Nb at the expense of Mo on the improvement of magnetic properties of the rapid quenched alloy on the Fe-B matrix. Microstructure tests performed with the use of Xray diffractometer and Mössbauer spectroscopy did not show any changes in the microstructure of the alloy. However, a 1% change in the chemical composition resulted in the rebuilding of the magnetic structure of the tested alloys. The Nb addition increased the value of magnetic permeability, decreased the level of core losses and decreased the share of additional losses. Due to good soft magnetic properties and practically zero magnetostriction, the tested alloys can be successfully used to build transformer cores operating in historic buildings and near exhibits.


Heat pump cycles are used in heating, drying, and other applications, and have recently seen greater use in the drying of clothes and food stuffs. Driers using the heat pump cycle are limited in that their performance changes in environments with a low ambient temperature such as winter. Researchers are working to resolve this downside, and the most prevalent solution is to use additional heat sources, such as solar, geothermal, and recovered heat. This paper implemented the cascade cycle with solar radiation as an additional external heat source, and conducted performance analyses of the drier at different ambient temperatures. Results indicated that when a cascade cycle combined with a solar collector is used, operational performance at low temperatures is greatly improved.


The practice of assigning grades is a universal quality of educational institutions, but the effects of biases in grading as well as its potential to distract from actual learning can make grading particularly problematic in the context of global health education. Ungrading is an anti-oppressive strategy to teaching which seeks to promote students as the experts of their own learning. It de-emphasizes grades and focuses on improved student engagement over time facilitated through thoughtful instructor comments and ongoing conversations. We implemented ungrading in two graduate-level global health courses at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; this manuscript documents the implementation process, the teaching teams' experience, and student evaluations related to ungrading. Overall, quantitative course reviews were much improved from previous year(s). Qualitative responses revealed that students across both courses felt that ungrading improved their ability to focus on learning course material without anxiety about GPAs. Ungrading also encouraged students to embrace comments for learning, take risks, and leverage their lived experiences in responses. The teaching team felt students put in more effort, not less, and enjoyed a transformation in interactions with students—away from grades and toward content. Ungrading is a promising approach in graduate global health education that can facilitate inclusive and reflexive learning spaces.


The main challenge in III-nitride VCSEL technology is the fabrication of n-side DBR due to the absence of highly reflective epitaxial DBR. We will mainly discuss the fabrication and use of nanoporous GaN as a low-index medium, toward a manufacturable DBR mirror.


Safwat and Magnanti have developed a combined trip generation, trip distribution, modal split, and traffic assignment model that can predict demand and performance levels on large-scale transportation networks simultaneously--that is, a simultaneous transportation equilibrium model (STEM). Safwat and Brademeyer have developed a globally convergent algorithm for predicting equilibrium on the STEM. The objective of this paper is to investigate the relative computational efficiency of the algorithm as a function of demand, performance, and network parameters for two small, sample networks and one large-scale, real-world network. The algorithm was found indeed to be sensitive to the values of several variables and constants of the model. Many of the results were as expected and could be generalized. As the values of demand parameters increase, the algorithm tends to take more iterations, on the average, to arrive at a given accuracy level. Beyond maximum "practically feasible" values, however, the algorithm may require a considerable computational effort to satisfy a given tight level of accuracy. Network configuration may have a considerably greater influence on convergence rate than network size. These results should further encourage application of the STEM approach to large-scale urban transportation studies.


Background : Communication, Information and Education (IEC) of nutrition for school children can shape children's eating habits from an early age in order to achieve a better individual situation in the future. Comics are able to display simple stories and writing in colloquial so that they are easy to understand. Research Methods. This is a quasi experimental study with control group pretest-posttest design. Subjects were taken with a simple random sample of 60 students who were divided into two groups, the first group was given education with comic Isi Piringku and the second group was given education without comic Isi Piringku. The carbohydrate and protein intake data in two groups were analyzed using the paired t-test. Research Result. The analysis showed that the highest protein intake enhancement occurred in the treatment group with a delta of 16.7 g, while the control group was 6.2 points. The carbohydrate intake before treatment was 191,9 g and increased after given comic Isi  Piringku by 193,4 g. The results of different test showed that there were significant differences in the enhancement of protein intake before and after the provision of nutrition education between the control group and the treatment group with  p value <0.05, carbohydrate intake was not significantly different before and after treatment.


Objective: Genetic mechanism relevant to reactive oxygen species(ROS) during intermittent hypoxic training are studied,so that theories on sports and hypoxic acclimatization are provided.Methods: Mitochondria ROS are assessed by methods of DCFH-DA.The mRNA level of HIF-1α,c-fos,MnSOD,CuZnSOD in heart tissue and EPO in kidney tissue are investigated by RT-PCR.Results: Mitochondria ROS in rat heart increased by hypoxic stress,but after 4wk intermittent hypoxic training it decreased by hypoxic stress;by hypoxic stress HIF-1α、EPO、cfos、MnSOD increased,after 4wk intermittent hypoxic training they increased more significantly than control group.Conclusion: The results show that ROS generation is required for the induction of HIF-1 mRNA.During hypoxia,these findings reveal that mitochondria-derived ROS are both required and sufficient to initiate HIF-1α stabilization.And hypoxia activated transcription of EPO,MnSOD,c-fos.We therefore conclude that ROS participate in the signaling pathways involved in the activation of multiple transcription factors.It is also indicated that there is close relation between hypoxic acclimatization and gene expression of HIF-1,EPO,MnSOD,c-fos and hypoxic acclimatization.


The invention relates to PU anti-yellowing flat vanish sprayed on white finish for woodware. The PU anti-yellowing flat vanish comprises a component A, a component B and a component C for dilution, wherein the components A and B are separately stored and are mixed to react during use and then are diluted; the weight ratio of the component A, the component B and the component C for dilution is 1:(0.2-0.3):(0.4-0.6). The PU anti-yellowing flat vanish provided by the invention is uniform in gloss, strong in adhesive force, good in high-temperature resistance, water resistance and chemical resistance and good in light and color retaining property; the PU anti-yellowing flat vanish is good in flatting property and easy to spray, and particularly has an excellent effect in anti-yellowing and anti-weather performances.


Synthesis and conformational analysis of diastereomeric acetals 4–7 of aromatic cyanohydrins and structurally related compounds are described. Based on 1H-NMR spectroscopic and X-ray data it is shown that the absolute configuration of such compounds can be assigned according to a method, which has been presented previously for secondary arylalkyl alcohols.


The number of ways an element of a finite group can be expressed as a square, a commutator, or more generally in the form w(x1, …, xr), where w is a word in the free group, defines a natural class function. We investigate some properties of these class functions, in particular their tendency to be characters or virtual characters of the underlying group. Generalizing classical results of Frobenius and others, we prove that generalized commutators yield characters in this manner, and use this to exhibit a criterion for nilpotency based on a certain equation associated with the irreducible characters.


THE AVAILABILITY of radioactive isotopes introduces a challenge in their application in the treatment of certain cancers of the head and neck. 1-7 Approximately 1,000 radioactive isotopes are available; therefore, the physician can choose his radiologic spectrum at will. For example, he has the choice of an isotope with a half-life of a few seconds to that of one with a half-life of many hundreds of years; his choice may be one of the βray emitters (here there is a wide range in the energy produced) or one of the γ-ray emitters; he has available a variety of radioactive elements which can be used in any physical state and which can be incorporated into a compound of his choice. Table 1 presents the physical characteristics and uses of some of the commonly used radioactive isotopes.


A two dimensional numerical wave tank (NWT) based on the Navier‐Stokes equations for viscous, incompressible fluid and VOF method is established. The momentum source method is employed to generate the wave. A self‐adaption wave absorbing method based on the porous media model, which can vary as the local flow field, is proposed. The results shows that the self‐adaption wave absorbing method can dissipate the wave energy effectively.


Training is designed to improve the staff's operational skills and overall quality. It can enhance the efficiency and the overall capacity of enterprises. The risks and benefits of training are co-existent. As the main risk bearers, enterprises should correctly understand the training, and actively deal with the loss of trained staffs after the training. This article analyzed the motivation of loss of trained employee by identifying the types of loss risk and proposed several methods to avoid it with the purpose of improving the effectiveness of training.


A new approach to the velocity change of gas bubbles floating up vs. well production water-cut is discussed. Levich formula (a modified version of that of Stokes) and production viscosity change vs. water-cut serve as a basis of the reasoning.


Shale gas in Europe could potentially be a big thing, especially in particular regions. Whereas test drillings need to confirm the technical recoverability of deposits and further research is needed on the environmental and safety aspects of shale gas production, this paper illustrates that shale gas developments may have substantial implications for regional gas balances, gas flows, and infrastructure requirements throughout Europe in the next decades.


Because it has been well defined, bovine serum albumin (BSA) is highly suited to pharmacological effects, biotransformation, and bio-distribution of medicines initial research. Drug–protein interactions in the blood stream are known to have a significant impact on drug distribution, free concentration, and metabolism. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally as a severe pandemic. It is a serious threat to healthcare systems, economies, and is devastating to some populations, such as the elderly and those with comorbidities. Unfortunately, there is still no effective cure for COVID-19, especially the critically ill patients. The link between the mortality risk of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and the function of blood albumin levels has been investigated. Because of albumin biological significance, the study goal conducted to apply spectroscopic methods to explore and comparing the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of ceftriaxone's interaction with BSA, albumin isolated from healthy and covid-19 plasma. A pooled plasma from healthy and hospitalized covid-19 individuals (Karbala Province / Iraq) was used to purify albumin using HPLC technique. UV-vis spectrophotometric measurements of albumin‒ceftriaxone complex formation recorded at different pH ( 7, 7.2, 7.4, 7.6 & 7.8) in phosphate buffer solution, and at six different temperatures (298, 301, 304, 307, 310 & 313) K. The equilibrium constant and the thermodynamic parameter such as ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were calculated. The drug-albumin (BSA, healthy and Covid-19 albumin) complexes are stable in 60 to 300 minutes, as evidenced by the steady absorbance studies. The reaction is from the first false order for drug-albumin (BSA, healthy and covid-19 plasma) complexes. Our finding suggesting the reaction is from the first false order. In the case of plasma albumin from individuals infected with - Covid-19, the values of (R2) are closer together. This is because the medication dominates the formation of a more stable complex with albumin. The stoichiometric ratio (coordination number) of complex between ceftriaxone and albumin at 298 k and pH=7.4 is 1:1. The Gibbs free energy for albumin‒ ceftriaxone is negative, indicating that the reaction is spontaneous. The positive enthalpy of contact indicates that the process is endothermic, requiring energy input. Positive enthalpy and entropy change also refer to the hydrophobic association and electrostatic contact that occurs between albumin molecules and ceftriaxone. It is worth noting that the complex formed between bovine albumin and the medication has less absorbency at pH = 7.4. That is, the complex is more stable, and it prefers natural helical shapes. Additionally, as the pH value shifts away from physiological (> 7.4 <), the intensity of complex absorption increases. Keywords: Ceftriaxone, Bovine serum albumin, Covid-19 albumin, purification of albumin


The Metropole of Lyon has experienced a continuous rise in temperatures since the beginning of the 20th century, as well as an increase in the number of days of heat wave, posing a major problem of discomfort which is exacerbated in the city by the phenomenon of heat island (ICU). This is reflected in a risk of hyperthermia that can have a significant impact on health. Characterization of ICUs is a necessity for managers and local elected officials. The objective of this study is to carry out a thermal mapping of the city by crossing satellite data with citizens' data. The major asset of participatory mesures is to build a large database that would be impossible to obtain through traditional measurement methods. The results allow us to better understand the distribution of heat in the city that could be used as reliable inputs to model the urban microclimate. MOTS-CLÉS : îlot de chaleur urbain, imagerie satellitaire, Landsat, mesures participatives, températures.


The myeloid system has often been regarded as the 'dumb brute' side of cell-based immunity with limited specificity and variability of responses. Heterogeneity in innate immune cells is increasingly-recognized but still modest compared to other cell types and constrained by limited investigative tools. Here, we show that myeloid cells have inherent, restricted capabilities that can be defined and potentially exploited for the development of myeloid cell-based therapies.
 To study myeloid heterogeneity in vitro, we adapted a system for inducible clonal expansion of primary mouse granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMP) capable of differentiating into mature myeloid cells (Sykes et al., Cell, 2016). This system allows for the generation of large numbers of primary self-renewing GMP that can undergo progressive maturation to fully functional granulocytes or monocytes upon removal of an inducing agent (Fig. 1A).
 By isolating individual self-renewing GMP, clone-specific behaviors and genetic characterization can be tested and repeatedly evaluated. We isolated individual GMP that were capable of maturing into monocytes in vitro and tested whether their functional features were distinctive and reproducible on a clonal level. Functional capabilities that were quantitated include: 1. phagocytosis, 2. bacterial killing, 3. reactive oxygen species generation, 4. TNF-alpha production, 5. proliferation, and 6. cell surface marker production.
 Unsupervised clustering of clone-specific monocytic cells defined four different functional groups with distinctive gene expression programs (Fig. 1B). Surprisingly, this clustering is evident in chromatin accessibility at the GMP level without apparent transcriptomic alterations (Figs. 1C, D). Subgroups of monocytes injected into recipient mice, differentially trafficked to and resided in tissues such as bone marrow, spleen, and peritoneum. Furthermore, clones competent in phagocytizing E.coli (gram-negative) versus S.aureus (gram-positive) in vitro demonstrated differential functional ability to reduce peritoneal bacteria burden when adoptively transferred into animals with induced peritonitis.
 Molecular characterization of the functional subgroups defined novel subset-specific cell surface protein expression signatures. Antibody combinations reflecting each of these subgroups were applied to primary blood monocytes and enabled prospective isolation of endogenous cells representing each subset. Upon isolation, the mouse primary subset had specialized functional capabilities in vitro and in vivo comparable to the characteristics defined from the in vitro GMP system. Further, human monocyte populations in the blood could be isolated based on the parameters derived from our model and confirmed to have distinctive functional attributes.
 These data strongly suggest that diversity among monocytic subsets exists at baseline rather than monocytes transitioning between cellular states in response to particular stimuli. The subset-specific features appear to be established and epigenetically constrained by the time cells have achieved the level of GMP. By defining monocytic subsets with distinctive roles in disease settings, targeting or adoptively transferring them may be of therapeutic benefit.

 Sykes: Clear Creek Bio: Equity Ownership, Other: Co-Founder. Scadden:Clear Creek Bio: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Fog Pharma: Consultancy; Red Oak Medicines: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; LifeVaultBio: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bone Therapeutics: Consultancy; Novartis: Other: Sponsored research; Editas Medicine: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Fate Therapeutics: Consultancy, Equity Ownership; Agios Pharmaceuticals: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Magenta Therapeutics: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.


Objective: To improve the successful rate in blood collection through radial artery and relieve the suffering of patients.Methods: 60 patients who underwent radial artery puncture were randomly divided into control group(35 cases)and observation group(25 cases.) The control group treated with traditional method to collect blood,while the observation group treated with imprint of fingernail tip method.Results: The method of radial artery puncture in observation group were much better than control group(P0.01,) and the pain significantly reduced(P0.01.) Conclusion: Imprint of fingernail tip method can increase the successful rate of radial artery puncture and relieve patients' pain.


Kuchinoerabujima is a remote volcanic island located about 15 km NWW of Yakushima island, Japan. The volcano erupted from Shindake crater on Aug. 3, 2014, after dormancy of 34 years. Sulfur dioxide flux which was about 60 ton/day two month before the eruption had increased to several hundred ton/day after the eruption (JMA, Aug. 2014). The flux continued to increase and emitted 500 and 700 ton/day in Oct. and Nov. 2014, respectively (JMA, Nov. 2014).We started repetitive sulfur dioxide measurement at Kuchinoerabujima volcano in response to the ongoing rise of the flux. In this study, we deployed a UV spectrometer system which has been automated for the most of measuring procedures, and carried out measurements onboard a regular liner between Yakushima and Kuchinoerabujima islands. The liner, Ferry Taiyo makes one round trip a day between the islands and navigate off the south coast of Kuchinoerabujima island. Due to predominant northerly wind from autumn to spring, we can expect repetitive sulfur dioxide traverse measurement on board the liner at least for the season above. The measurements started in the end of Nov. 2014. Although, there have been some missing observations due to unfavorable wind direction, bad weather, liner cancellation and data transferring troubles, we made 26 days of flux measurements out of about 70 days by the beginning of Feb. 2015. The flux kept about 700 ton/day until the end of Nov. 2014, but it went over 1000 ton/day soon after the beginning of Dec. 2014 and has been in the high flux range of 1000 to 2500 ton/day for the most of the measurements at least until the first week of Feb. 2015. This flux range is comparable to that of Sakurajima volcano and of Aso volcano in active period, and implies significant magma degassing beneath Kuchinoerabujima volcano. In our presentation, we will show instrumentations and monitoring methods, and discuss the flux variations of Kuchinoerabujima volcano.


There is an increasing need for high quality fruit. As such it is important to have a fast, accurate and reliable method for measuring and monitoring the quality of fruit from the field to the consumer. This paper presents an investigation on the use of a non-destructive ultrasonic system which can be used to measure the quality of papaya.


This study evaluated an innovative family literacy program in Bullitt County, KY, USA. Data sources included attendance sign-in sheets, preand post TABE test scores, GED success, gender, age, and ethnicity, and grant applications. The evidence suggested that since 1998, the program increasingly attracted proportionally more males, GED completion increased 10 times, computer placement in homes quadrupled, and roughly two-thirds met their goals. Additional features included extensive community involvement from businesses and local government.


A new algorithm for the wideband analysis of arbitrarily shaped 3-D waveguide junctions is briefly described. Using a special full-wave method, the algorithm determines the poles and the residues of the y-matrix directly, thus permitting to obtain the representation of the circuit in the whole band of interest and avoiding time-consuming frequency-by-frequency field computations.


Socialists ought to welcome the efficiency and freedom of choice that markets bring, and be wary of the deficiencies of the state, according to lan Forbes, lecturer in Politics at Southampton University. But the freedom of choice claimed by the 'New Right' thinkers for their economic system would itself be attenuated by the operation of markets. Market socialism thus requires an institutional pluralism of both market and non-market elements.


In this article, molecular dynamics simulation is used to primarily explore the lattice matching problem of solute atoms in different configurations after entering the Fe lattice at 0 K temperature. It reveals that by changing the initial configurations, metal solute atoms (Cr, Cu, Ti, Al) are more stable in the <110> configuration while C atom tends to stay in the octahedral gap of the BCC lattice. In addition, the matching mechanisms of different solute atoms in BCC Fe lattice in different configurations are elaborated in detail. The relaxation of metal solute atoms in different configurations eventually forms different stable structures while C atoms only exist in the nearest‐neighbor octahedral gap of the BCC Fe lattice in each configuration.


Zhongzheyou 1,derived from the CMS line Zhongzhe A and a restorer line Hanghui 570,was a new hybrid rice combination developed by National Rice Research Institute.Zhongzheyou 1 was introduced and planted in Liancheng county of Fujian province for high yield,rice quality and disease resistance.In this paper,we introduced planting performance and high-yielding cultivation techniques of Zhongzheyou 1,which conained suitable sowing date,reasonable transplanting and strengthening field management.


Bamboo is an exceptional ancillary for timbers. It has more than 150 years history as indicated in different scientific investigations. Bamboo is a perennial plant, highest yielding, the fastest growing and renewable natural resource. Global climate change has been identified as the most important environmental, economic and social challenge faced by humankind. Greenhouse gases (GHG) in the earth's atmosphere is increasing and causing climate change. Numerous researchers, policy makers and scientists are trying their best to decrease this greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) from the earth atmosphere. Bamboo is frequently encouraged as an ideal renewable resource for biomass, valuable for wood and paper industry. Bamboo is source of income in rewarding the diverse requirements of smallholder's farmers in rural areas and has great potential in sequestering carbon and climate change mitigation. Therefore, promoting bamboo farming systems in smallholder farmers to reduce greenhouse gas in atmosphere and expanding bamboo forests in future under wider use and intensive management is suggested. This study provides a brief overview about bamboo potentials as; industrial benefits, carbon sequestration, soil erosion control, water and soil conservation and climate change mitigation.


It could announce the influence of deposit reserve rate adjustment on commercial bank that does research on the relationship of deposit reserve rate adjustment and the management of commercial bank.This could provide good suggestion to keep good economics benefit and deal with deposit reserve rate adjustment.


This project is being performed by MK-Ferguson Company for the U.S. Department of Energy Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center. The project is a pilot plant scale up from laboratory testing of the NOXSO flue gas cleanup process. The process simultaneously removes both sulfur and nitrogen oxides from the flue gas. The objective of this project is to prove the NOXSO Process can achieve the same SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} removal efficiencies under field conditions as achieved in laboratory tests. The project is a scale-up of previous laboratory tests. The project will be built at Ohio Edison`s Toronto Station a coal fired power plant located in Toronto Ohio. The pilot plant will process a 12000 SCFM slip stream of flue gas from the power plant. The project is divided into 6 tasks. The purpose of Task 1 is to establish a work plan that covers in detail all the activities related to the successful completion of the project. Task 2 consists of the design and construction of the pilot Plant. Task 3 consists of an experimental program to define both operating conditions and performance data to support Task 4. Task 4 primary activities to conduct a long duration test which attains continuous 90% sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide removal rates. Task 5 will be the conceptual design of a 500MW including an economic evaluation of the conceptual design. Task 6 will be the demolition of the pilot plant and restoration of the site.


The subject of the article is the formation of socio-ecological patterns of behavior among future technical specialists in the implementation of professional tasks of labor activity. The object of the article: environmental performance management system aimed at environmental safety, environmental protection, social and environmental responsibility. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the immanence of socio-ecological patterns of behavior of future technical specialists, their significance in the experience of formation in the educational process. Methodology of the work: search for a set of theoretical and methodological approaches, on the basis of which the principles of continuity and ways of forming behavioral patterns in the "man-nature-technology" system are determined through the prism of social, environmental and professional values in order to master socio-environmental competencies by future specialists of technical training areas. The results of the work indicate an increase in the level of development of ecological consciousness among future technical specialists of the experimental group: a conscious understanding of the importance of environmental problems, norms and rules of behavior in relation to nature conservation, responsibility for the consequences of their professional actions. The field of application of the results is practical pedagogical activity that forms socio-ecological patterns of behavior. It is advisable to introduce an environmental component into the disciplines of the curriculum in technical areas of training. An important aspect of the ecologization of disciplines is the principle of interdisciplinarity and continuity. Conclusion: The formation of socio-ecological patterns of behavior of future technical specialists contributes to the generation of educational results in the process of training highly qualified engineers.


A novel idea for introducing concurrency in least squares (LS) adaptive algorithms by sacrificing optimality has been proposed. The resultant class of algorithms provides schemes to fill the wide gap in the convergence rates of LS and stochastic gradient (SG) algorithms. It will be particularly useful in the real time implementations of large-order linear and Volterra filters for which both the LS and SG algorithms are unsuited.


The present invention provides a purifying agent Moringa, characterized in that component mass ratio of the following composition: Moringa extract 90 to 100%, 0 to 10% of the chemical purifying agent. The residue after the full use of moringa oil, moringa active ingredient therein so that the extract, to achieve full utilization of the Moringa seeds, Moringa Purifying pure plant extracts, which use water purification, non-toxic , harmless to address the hazards of chemical purifying agent for humanity fundamentally, to the secondary pollution of the environment, Moringa is ideal for purifying agent used in the purification of drinking water in rural areas, can effectively solve the majority of the rural population safe drinking water, river water applied, muddy rainwater and other water purification effect of the present invention than good chemical water purification agent, water purification agent with the chemical compound used to purify urban sewage, greatly reducing the amount of chemical purifying agent.


Visualization of stomach and small intestine, nowadays can be done with wireless capsule endoscopy. However, the limitation of bandwidth at low frequencies such as Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band and Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band do not provide high resolution images. One of the possible frequency band to have clear images from digestive organs is the use of Ultra Wideband (UWB) at frequency of 3.1-10.6 GHz. To have high resolution wireless endoscopy at higher frame rate, we need to investigate the antenna, path-loss model and radio channel behavior at available higher frequency band such as UWB band. This paper discusses on UWB antennas and propagation for digestive organs implanted device.


The use of informatics in education has provided many contributions to the understanding of teaching and learning processes. First, it made possible the distinction between instructionism, seen as transmission of information, and constructionism, as the process of knowledge construction that takes place when a learner produces a meaningful product through the use of computers.Second, programming activity, especially with the Logo language, has helped to understand how knowledge is constructed in the learner-computer interaction. The article shows that this understanding has evolved over the course of the years. Initially the knowledge representation aspect was emphasized. Later the program development process began to be seen as a cycle of actions, description-execution-reflection-debugging-description. Finally, a spiral is shown to be the best model to represent the relation of these actions in the knowledge construction process.The article explores the cycle and the spiral models to discuss the role of each of the actions and to explain how knowledge is constructed based upon several concepts used by Piaget and Papert, particularly reflection and debugging.


*Corresponding Author : Swathi Goli. Department of Pharmaceutics, Vikas College of Pharmacy, Warangal, India. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Received date: January 04, 2018;Accepted date : January 24, 2018; Published date: January 29, 2018 Citation : Swathi Goli and Prasad Garrepally, Pressure Ulcers in Spinal Cord Injury Patients Frequently Require a Dedicated Reconstructive Plastic Surgeon. J .Dermatology and Dermatitis. Doi:10.31579/2578-8949/018 Copyright : © 2018 Swathi Goli. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of The Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


Throughout his academic career, Howard J. Wiarda maintained a near-permanent association with prominent institutions of policy analysis, during which he generated several skeptical assessments of U.S. democracy policy. These constitute an underestimated contribution to the literature. He was comfortable with the idea that the United States stood for democracy but came to worry about the dangers of U.S.-branded democracy promotion. He erred in his characterization of democracy policy, but his critique previewed the dangers of an increasingly expansive definition of U.S. democracy policy. Despite his ties to think tanks, Wiarda remained essentially an outsider to policy circles, an academic whose writing about democratization was informed by closeness to policy makers but who was never a practitioner of democracy assistance.


This template is formatted and ready to use to present insights in training or executive boards. The blue could be amended to charcoal in the layout.


In order to investigate the deformation characteristic of backfilling material in waste-flyash backfilling mining technology,the deformation of the waste-flyash in axial compress processes was systematically tested by using MTS 815.02 rock mechanical test system and compaction equipment designed by ourselves.Meanwhile,the deformation laws of the material were studied and its process could be divided into three phases.The optimal mixed factor of waste-flyash was 1∶0.3,and the waste-flyash,after backfilling in the goaf as the backfilling material,should be compressed by the initialize pressure which was not less than 2 MPa.Engineering application indicates that the controlling effect of strata movement in fully mechanized coal mining with backfilling face was very good,guaranteeing the surface buildings' usage.


This paper is to explore "I-would-have-hadmore-success-if...," the reflections of a beginning online teacher and her students in an undergraduate Web-based course. The data used in the paper was gathered using the instructor's journals, student feedback, and an analysis of online discussions. The instructor maintained journals reflecting upon students' experiences as she developed and delivered the online course. The students' feedback was gathered through student journals, e-mails sent to the instructor, and an end-of-course evaluation survey. This paper can provide insights for online educators in their efforts to be effective in developing strategies that can promote learning. The instructor attempted to share her experience that could help online instructors understand areas of improvement identified by students when taking online technology-based courses. For the past decade, Web technology has taken center stage of emerging technology and innovation in society. The trend of Web technology development has driven educators to create online courses or Web-based course supplements. The development of Web-based courses has challenged the educational learning environment and forced some educators to use technology for teaching and learning effectiveness. Web-based instruction provides teachers with a means of meeting the social needs of nontraditional students with differing abilities, interests, cultures, and backgrounds. Through Web-based instruction, these students can expand their knowledge base and improve their ability to access, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and communicate information. However, Web-based course design is different from traditional courses. Traditional instructional design models can be successfully applied for the development of classroom instruction but could be limited in the development of Web-based teaching. Koszalka and Bianco (2001) indicated that supporting the learning process can be achieved by providing multiple means of presenting instruction, information, and activities. Interaction through discussion and collaboration has become an essential component of any Web-based course (Wulff, Hanor, & Bulik, 2000). Research literature affirms that the level of interaction among students and between students and their teachers has a major impact on the quality of Web-based instruction. Perrin and Mayhew (2000) indicated that distance education courses might not be able to create the level of interaction achieved in face-to-face courses. However, Miller and Webster (1997) found that faculty teaching distance education courses could provide their online students with levels of interaction similar to their on-campus students. The literature also reveals that designing collaborative online learning environments is an obvious strategy for promoting interactivity (Northrup, 2001). Through online collaboration and communication, Webbased courses may include conversation in a chat room, discussion groups, bulletin boards, e-mails, listservs, and inquiries. These communication tools can play a major role in successful Web-based instruction and learning by encouraging and nurturing a collaborative sense of community and developing components of social and academic interaction. Most efforts to create educational applications that support learning have focused on students (Loveless, 1996). Zhao (1998) argues that without providing support to teachers to adopt and appropriately use these applications, these efforts will not result in any widespread impact on education. The purpose of this article is to explore and compare the reflections of a beginning online teacher and that of her students in an undergraduate, technology-based, online course. As the instructor developed the technologybased course for a Web-based environment, she continually went through the process of ongoing changes and adjustments. The data used in this article was gathered using the instructor's journals, student feedback, and an analysis of online discussions. The instructor maintained her journals reflecting upon students' experiences as she developed and delivered the online course. The students' feedback was gathered through student T h e J o u rn a l o f Te c h n o lo g y S tu d ie s 44 journals, e-mails sent to the instructor, and an end-of-course evaluation survey. After examining students' feedback and comments in response to questions with the stem "I would have had more success if...," the instructor compared how she reflected on the same questions as she delivered the Web-based course. The categories that emerged from this process focused on the following areas: • Online interactions and communications • Students' learning and performance • Online collaboration • Hardware and software issues • Administrative support This study will be important since the experiences of first-time instructors need to be researched and disseminated, so that informed decisions about professional development and support can be devised to assist future and current instructors teaching online technologybased courses. In addition, this paper can provide insights for online educators in their efforts to effectively develop strategies that can promote learning and help them understand areas of improvement identified by students for online technology-based courses. Course Background The course that the instructor taught online was offered to undergraduate students as a computer literacy course at a southeastern university. Different from most conceptual or theory-based courses, the content of this technology-based course focused mainly on computer applications proficiency, such as word processing, spreadsheet analysis, presentation graphics, database management, and related technology competencies. In addition to the online session, this technologybased course was also offered through traditional face-to-face sessions. The instructor taught two sessions of the traditional face-to-face class before teaching the online session. Although without any face-to-face interactions between instructors and students, the instructor emphasized students' hands-on experience and practice as she did in the traditional face-to-face courses. The WebCT course management system was used for the course. Although the instructor was familiar with the software applications and had used WebCT to supplement traditional courses before, she had never used WebCT to develop a totally online technologybased applications course. Students' Prior Online Experience There were 29 students enrolled in the online course. For evaluation purposes, the instructor and the graduate assistant designed an evaluation survey (Appendix A) with open-ended questions so that students could comment on the online course and their online learning experience. The survey was administered at the end of the semester through WebCT's survey tool. Thirteen students replied to the survey. The overall return rate was 44.83%. Table 1 shows students' online learning experience, including this online course. Table 1. Students' Online Course Experience Number of Online Number of Percentage Cumulative Courses Taken Students Percentage


Since the assessment of patients is the important content in JCI standard,this paper puts its emphasis on the steps of the assessment and the general assessment requirements for outpatients and emergency patients as well.It especially puts for- ward relative improvement measures for patientsinitial assessment,re-evaluation and assessment before leaving hospitals.At the same time,the paper explores what provlems patients' assessment should be discussed:The patients should be assessed and reas- essed by qualified personals;guide to clinical practice should be conf'n'med and corresponding standards should be mastered;spe- cific patients should be assessed individually;patients'assessments should be cooperated with medical staff.Therefore,doing patients' assessments well will help improve medical services.


Abstract This study assesses a new generation of smallholder biogas, an applied sustainable energy technology currently being rolled out on a massive scale in rural China. In the past, the implementation of biogas programs has been largely disappointing, in China (and elsewhere). User satisfaction with the new program is high, based on purposively collected data from 2,700 households in five provinces, and the available evidence suggests tangible environmental and economic benefits. There are strong indications of fuel switching away from fuelwood and crop residues. Less time is spent on fuelwood collection and cooking, which benefits women especially. Adopters save on fertilizers by using biogas residues. Finally, problems with suspension and interrupted supply appear lower than in earlier studies. Overall, these initial findings are grounds for optimism about the potential for scaled-up smallholder biogas to deliver safe and clean rural energy, in China and beyond, provided critical conditions are met.


The Order of the Friars Minor faced a dilemma from the outset: their Rule of life, written by their founder St Francis of Assisi, included a strict adherence to the ideal of absolute poverty (that is, living without property, even property held in common), and yet it was impossible to fulfil their pastoral activities in the community without at least one type of property – liturgical books. In both the earlier (1209/10–1221) and later (1223) Rules, St Francis discussed the ownership of books, but not their production. Surviving manuscripts and archival records alert us to the fact that friars did produce their own liturgical books and act as the scribes and illuminators of books made for others. As both producers and owners of illuminated manuscripts, the friars engaged in a careful navigation of the relationship between beauty (permissible as an expression of invisible divine beauty, as defined by Hugh of St Victor) and luxury. It was all too easy (as the Franciscan Durand of Champagne bemoaned) for friars to desire 'beautiful … and … curiously illuminated [books, rather] than true and well corrected ones'. This essay explores the ways in which friars negotiated the issues of poverty, beauty and luxury, and how they expressed and satisfied their desire for books, drawing on examples from the library of the Sacro Convento in Assisi.


The molecular and crystal structure of a formal 20 electron zirconium(IV) complex bearing two cyclopentadienyl and one sterically demanding pentafulvene ligand is reported in which the pentafulvene is bound in an η5:η1 manner. The complex crystallizes together with toluene and n-hexane in a ratio of 1:0.125:0.125.


In order to evaluate the efficiency of the catalytic aquathermolysis process, physical modeling was carried out on bituminous sediments of Paleocene–Miocene carbonate rocks, characterized by the presence of open and closed fractures. In this context, three filtration experiments were performed on an unextracted reservoir model with extra-viscous oil (EVO). Prior to the experiments, the mineral composition of the rock was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and the content of organic matter and coking products was determined before and after the experiment by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as well as the group composition of oil (SARA) before and after the experiment by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas composition at the fluid separation line, and oil displacement coefficient (ODC). The results of the conducted experiments show that the efficiency of displacement of extraviscous oil could be significantly increased by the use of a solvent and the combined use of a solvent and a catalyst (+9.3% and +17.1% of the oil displacement coefficient, respectively), which is associated with the processes of oil refining.


Bioanalytical assays with single-molecule readout for studying molecular interactions have in the past decades received increasing attention. The high sensitivity often offered by this readout scheme has for example enabled ultra-sensitive analyte detection, having important implications for monitoring early disease progression and the effects of drug treatment. In addition, single-molecule studies of molecular interactions with membrane protein receptors have proven useful for the development of new and more effective drugs. Ultra-sensitive detection as well as the possibility to unravel heterogeneities in molecular interactions, offered by single-molecule readout schemes, are both key components for the future of personalized health care and the discovery of new disease biomarkers. This thesis mainly focuses on the development of new bioanalytical assays with single-molecule readout, with the purpose to enable studies of molecular interactions with membrane protein receptors (an important class of drug targets) and to detect diagnostically relevant biomarkers and pathogens. Lipid assemblies, either in the form of liposomes or supported lipid bilayers, have been exploited for their compatibility and flexibility offered in the context of studying many essential biological interactions. In the first part of the thesis, two surface-based assays, both utilizing total internal fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, were developed to study molecular interactions with a low-abundant and sensitive class of membrane proteins; G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). With the insights gained from that work, the focus was shifted towards solution-based detection schemes, based on a home-built dual-color fluorescence microscopy setup. Two detection schemes, based on Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET), for biomarker detection (phospholipase and miRNA), and a third scheme for detection of virus particles via induced colocalization of fluorescent liposomes, were developed. As for future perspectives the thesis puts emphasis on how the different bioanalytical assays can have implications for personalized health care and how the performance of the solution-based colocalization assay can be further improved to become a generic tool for biosensing purposes.


We have had an extensive discussion today in irc #indieweb-dev and I think we are beginning to see what is going on. I will try


An organic-inorganic hybrid lipid N,N-dihexadecyl-Nα-[6-[(3-triethoxysilyl)propyldi-methylammonio]hexanoyl] alaninamide bromide was synthesized.The compound was characterized by thin layer chromatography,1HNMR spectra and elemental analysis.The lipid has a(triethoxysilyl)propyl group as an inorganic precursor on the quarternized ammonium nitrogen.Upon sonication of the lipid dispersed in aqueous HEPES buffer,it self-assembles with concomitant hydrolysis of the inorganic precursor moiety followed by condensation to give partially ceramic-or silica-coated liposome(Cerasome).Morphological stability of the Cerasome was evaluated by light scattering intensity employing a fluorescence spectrophotometer with the addition of the surfactant CTAB.For comparison,the morphological stability of liposomes derived from a synthetic peptide lipid N,N-dihexadecyl-Nα-[6-(trimethylammonio)hexanoyl]alanin-amide bromide(2) and a phospholipid dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine(3) were examined under the similar sonication conditions.The results indicate that the Cerasome is highly stable as compared to the conventional liposomes.


We aimed to determine the important functional dimensions that may drive forest succession and community assembly patterns in dry tropical forests. We investigated whether there were patterns in specific functional strategies during succession in the dry tropical forests of the Florida Keys, whose unique physical setting includes nutrient-stressed, salt-stressed, and water-limited environments. The study, which focused on ten traits, determined the leading trait dimensions by which species differentiate from one another in the study area. The general patterns of trait covariation at individual sites and among species were analyzed using principal component analysis. Trait niche overlap indices were calculated for all species sampled across all plots. Evidence for/against likely community assembly processes was tested using the coefficient of heterogeneity to determine whether variation within and among five key traits was clustered, random, or evenly distributed across young, old, or all measured forest stands. A combination of plant architecture, wood density, and three leaf traits (specific leaf area, leaf phosphorus, and leaf nitrogen) comprised a key set of functional traits that are important for understanding the community assembly process in dry tropical forest. Older forest stands were dominated by species with low specific area, low leaf nitrogen content, dense wood, and deeper and narrower canopies. Trees of old forests had leaves with lighter carbon isotope composition, suggesting that such individuals were making more efficient use of scarce water. Tests of trait distributions showed significant clustering across forests of all ages. When individual trait distributions in old stands were tested, they displayed either randomly or evenly distributed traits across trait niche space, indicating that resource partitioning was predominant in shaping community composition. Physical traits of trees in young communities are associated with resource acquisitive strategies, while old communities are dominated by species with traits that enhance survival in environments defined by competition or chronic resource scarcity.


The Wireless Power Electric Vehicle (WPEV) uses an innovative wireless power transfer technology that enables the battery in the electric vehicle to be charged through a charging infrastructure installed under the road. The vehicle can be charged while stationary or moving. The WPEV is considered a revolutionary transport solution, as it overcomes the problems facing conventional battery-powered electric vehicles, such as long charging times and the need to stop frequently to charge. We propose a mathematical model to optimally allocate the charging infrastructure on the route, and to determine the vehicles'' battery size. The model is specifically concerned with the WPEV system applied to mass transport buses. We propose Genetic Algorithms (GAs) as the solution methodology for this problem.


Blood is a vital component of human body which is involved in many functions most importantly supplying oxygen along with essential nutrients to various parts of body to maintain the growth. It also acts as excretory mediator as it helps in elimination of waste by product. Blood is made up of four components commonly known as Red Blood Cells (RBC), plasma, platelets and White Blood Cells (WBC). Each component plays its important role to maintain the regulations in the human body. In case if there is any malfunctioning in either of these components, this leads to blood disorders. Common types of Blood Related Disorders (BRD) are Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL), Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), Severe Aplastic Anemia (SAA), Sickle cell disease (SCD) and Thalassemia.


In this study a frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) Q-switched and free-running Er:YAG laser, as well as a novel design transversally excited atmospheric pressure (TEA) oscillator-double amplifier corona preionised high beam quality Hydrogen-Fluoride (HF) laser system, all developed in our lab, were used in dentin ablation experiments. In the case of the Er:YAG laser, pulses of 190 ns in Q-switched operation and of 80 μs pulse width in free-running operation at 2.94 μm were used, while HF laser pulses of 39 ns in the wavelength range of 2.6-3.1 μm in a predominantly TEM00 beam were also used to interact in vitro with dentin tissue. Several samples of freshly extracted human teeth were used, cut longitudinally in facets of 0.4-1.5 mm thick. Ablation experiments were conducted with the laser beam directly focused on the tissue or after being waveguided through suitable mid-IR fiber/waveguide alternatively ended with quartz end-sealing caps. The correlation between the various laser beam parameters, as wavelength, pulse duration, repetition rate, energy and spatial distribution of the beam profile and the ablative characteristics (ablation rates, tissue surface morphology) of dentin surface were investigated.


Extraction of oil from Zea mays L. germ was investigated using a ultrasound assisted aqueous extraction A Box-Bhenken design for experiments were employed to study and optimize the effect of Incubation temperature, ultrasonication time and water to seed ratio on oil recovery. A quadratic polynomial model was generated to predict oil recovery. Among the process parameters studied, interaction of Incubation temperature and ultrasonication time had the most significant effect on the recovery followed by quadratic of Incubation temperature and interaction of ultrasonication time and water to seed ratio. Model validation shows no significant (p >0.05) between practical and predicted values. The optimum extraction condition for oil recovery within the experimental range of the variables researched was at 40C incubation temperature, 60 min of ultrasonication time and water to seed ratio of 4:1. At this condition, the recovery of oil was observed to be 67±0.27%. The oil obtained was compared with the solvent extracted oil for physico chemical quality parameters. Gas-chromatography of the maize germ oil was carried out for the free fatty acid composition of the oil constituents. Both techniques yielded oil with no significant difference (P>0.05) in the percentage composition of free fatty acid and iodine value, saponification value, and peroxide value but iodine values and linoleic acid was found to be slightly highest in UAE extracted oil. From present study it can be observed that UAE method can be used as alternative to SE, to prevent high solvent consumption and prevent the release the VOCs to atmosphere.


The channel of Fuzhou Min River South Harbor is a planned national 4th-class channel. Based on the calculation of water level of South Harbor channel and analysis of riverbed evolution, and for meeting the channel safe navigation requirements, it puts forward some constructive suggestions to the bridge site, navigation opening, navigation clearance, navigation safety,as well as the guarantee measures of Jinshang Bridge to be constructed on the South Harbor channel.


Laparoscopic liver surgery (LLS) has widely been used in different liver diseases. Recently, the indications for LLS has expanded from minor liver resections to living donors with acceptable outcomes (1,2). LLS has the advantages of faster recovery and better wound satisfaction than conventional surgery (3,4). Since the first successful LDLT of a left lateral section graft by laparoscopy in 2002 (5), the indications for pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy (PLDH) have been extended to various grafts including the right liver (6). Several transplant centers have tried to proceed with PLDH, but donor safety and learning curve issues of laparoscopic donor hepatectomy would be an obstacle to start a new technique. Nevertheless, attempts to expand donor indication of PLDH have continued, such as reports of successful laparoscopic surgery in donors with anatomical variations at highly specialized centers (7,8). As an expert panel meeting of PLDH announced in 2018, laparoscopic donor surgery has been considered as a challenging procedure and recommended only to the surgeons with both numerous laparoscopic hepatectomy and open donor surgery (9). However, for young surgeons who have used laparoscopy as a training tool early on, these statements may make them feel frustrated. Recently, the trainee can perform laparoscopic appendectomy without the experience of open appendectomy. A laparoscopic approach is no longer a novel innovation, but a tool accessible to all surgeons. We all agree that donor hepatectomy is indeed more difficult and challenging than other surgery. However, we also need to acknowledge that there are a lot of differences between open donor and PLDH. As the experience of PLDH accumulated, standardization of PLDH is being achieved in some centers. Donors, unlike cirrhosis patients, are easier to standardize a surgical procedure because the liver parenchyma is relatively soft and well dissected from surrounding tissues. Therefore, it is time to share the accumulated knowledge and protocols of PLDH with young surgeons without numerous experiences in open donor hepatectomy as well as laparoscopic hepatectomy. The learning curves of pioneers who tried PLDH for the first time and the learning curves of young surgeons who learned through this standardized procedure must be different. Of course, we need experience in open donor surgery to solve various problems that can occur during laparoscopic surgery. However, this fact alone is not correct to prevent the entry of laparoscopic liver donor surgery. We have been pioneering and trying to develop pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy. Now is the time to put together our tips and know-how for the training of laparoscopic liver donor surgery for the next generation. The series "Pure Laparoscopic Donor Hepatectomy" aims to present a comprehensive review of the history to the current status and consensus on the experiences of the current laparoscopic donor surgeons. The history of laparoscopic surgery, various surgical techniques of experts, tips of energy devices and CUSA manipulation during surgery and learning curve issues are all summarized. These issues would be a good guide for young HBP surgeons who will lead pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy in the future.


The contents of copper,lead and zinc in soils around smelters applying ISP process were sampled and analyzed.The distribution rule of copper,lead and zinc in soils was summarized.The results show that lead-bearing pollutants emitted into environment is in form of lead fume produced in lead smelting and fuming.Lead is less possible discharged into environment in form of lead concentrate.


approach to the role of an "agricultural emperor" was pragmatic and reflected both the strictures of physiocracy and cameralism. In contrast to the Bourbon dynasty, Joseph was glorified by the citizenry of the empire for his empathy; the plough that he personally pushed during his visit to the Moravian village of Slawikovice in 1769 remained untouched for a year after the visit in deference to the "imperial hands" that had operated it. Despite continued agricultural problems, Joseph provided an exemplar of enlightened agrarian leadership in times of crisis. Richter's discussion of the French Revolution is perhaps the most fascinating section of the book. She describes an attempted agrarian state utopia resulting from a fusion of Confucianism and Antiquity. The Revolution was the most extreme consequence of the filtering of Enlightenment Orientalism into European society but, while there was no comparable event in the case of the Holy Roman Empire, a comparative discussion of the consequences of the empire's unique brand of the agricultural state would still be welcome. Certainly, all the popular praise for Joseph II notwithstanding, agriculture was hardly a strength of the Austrian state, and it remained a weakness into the twentieth century. The bearing it had on the development—and, perhaps, the eventual fall—of the empire deserves some attention. This aside, to say that Richter's work constitutes impressive scholarship does it an injustice. The bibliography suggests a formidable book backed by extensive research. The author writes with authority as well as a clarity and simplicity that German academic histories—especially ones concerning such a complex topic—often lack. Mention must also be made of the fact that the volume has been attractively produced by Böhlau. It has long been recognized that the Enlightenment was influenced by European Antiquity and by the exchange of ideas with Asia. Susan Richter's work takes this existing wisdom and expands upon it with specificity and an inquiring eye that demonstrates, among other things, that China was far more than an idle curiosity of the European monarchs. The result is a profoundly interesting book that will fascinate a wide range of scholars. Bodie A. Ashton, The University of Adelaide


The present invention provides an optical characteristic measuring instrument capable of obtaining more accurate measurement values. An optical characteristic measuring instrument (1) is provided with an integrating sphere (2) having an integrating sphere interior surface (3a) that diffusely reflects incident light and a light guide that passes and reflects light emitted by the object under measurement (101) and guides the light to the integrating sphere, and surfaces of the light guide unit other than the surfaces on the integrating-sphere side and object-under-measurement (101) side are formed so as to specularly reflect light.


BACKGROUND: About 90% of cervical cancers and advanced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II/III) are squamous epithelial cells with mRNA for human papillomavirus (HPV)16 and 18 and up‐regulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF‐R). Since presence of proteins rather than mRNA may be truly indicative of active infection or disease progression, establishing reliable methods for quantifying these proteins in cervical biopsies is important.
 METHOD: We have established an objective semi‐quantitative immunofluorescent antibody assay to reliably assess the levels of HPV‐E6/E7 and EGF‐R proteins in the cervical biopsies from 12 normal women, five women with CIN I, 15 with CIN II/III and ten with cervical cancer.
 RESULTS: HPV‐E6/E7 and EGF‐R, when present, were specific to para‐basal, basal and squamous epithelial cells (negative in stromal cells). Nine of ten women with cervical cancer and 15 (14 CIN II/III; 1 CIN I) of 20 women with CIN were positive for HPV‐E6/E7. All 12 controls were HPV‐negative. The controls and six women with CIN (four with CIN I) negative for HPV had low levels of EGF‐R. The only exception was one woman with cervical cancer negative for HPV, with high levels of EGF‐R. Levels of HPV‐E6/E7 and EGF‐R were significantly higher (P<0.001 vs. controls) in women with advanced CIN II and III (P<0.05 vs. controls in CIN I) and cervical cancer. The HPV‐E6/E7 and EGF‐R levels correlated significantly (r=18.98; P<0.001, by linear regression analysis).
 CONCLUSION: We have established a highly specific and sensitive semi‐quantitative immunofluorescent antibody assay for measuring levels of HPV‐E6/E7 proteins and EGF‐R in archival cervical biopsies. Our data suggest an association between HPV‐E6/E7 and EGF‐R.


The effect of irrigation water salinity and irrigation amount on leaching and distributions of water,salt,and nitrate in soil were evaluated with a field experiment under drip irrigation conditions in 2009.Results show that soil salinity and water content in 1-m depth were increased significantly with the increase in irrigation water salinity.When irrigation amount was increased,salt leaching were promoted from the top soil to deep soil,but the average salinity in 1-m soil were not increased significantly.Salt leaching from 1 m soil was increased significantly with irrigation water salinity and irrigation amount increased.Under low irrigation amount,there were no significant differences between moderately saline water and fresh water treatments for water and nitrate leaching;but the leaching of water and nitrate in moderately and saline water treatments were significantly higher than those in fresh water treatment under high irrigation amount conditions.Therefore,irrigation water salinity level and irrigation amount should not excessive when saline water is used for drip irrigation.The optional irrigation water salinity level and irrigation amount are benefit to control salt accumulation and to minimize water and nitrate leaching loss.


To rapidly and accurately detect the geometric precision of large horizontal lathe,a multi-pointed and time-sharing measurement with laser tracker is proposed.A virtual axis is set between principal axis and tailstock,then precision of the guide rail and other parts is adjusted up to the virtual axis standard.Two axis lines are obtained by cylindrical fitting,then adjusted to coaxial to establish the new standard.In the simulation and experiments,only one laser tracker is necessary to detect the geometric precision of large horizontal lathe in four hours,and an auxiliary measuring service of axis line is designed to solve light barrier.


Band structure basically tells us the exact quantum mechanical description of the electrons, and in principle all properties of solids can be calculated from it. The quantum mechanical solution is nothing but the wave functions of the 'allowed' electronic eiganstates. So, an electron in an eiganstate will ideally extend throughout the sample. In another words, the electron is everywhere in space. Does the band structure, a result of quantum mechanical treatment, have anything to do with the Drude picture? (In Drude model, electrons are described as free particles that will occasionally collide with the ions and thereby exchange energy and momentum.) A good picture linking the quantum solution and the classical description is the effective mass theorem.


Clusters of up to 28 Fe0 atoms have been introduced into the ''supercages'' of NaY zeolite by ion exchange of Fe+2 for Na+ followed by reduction to Fe0 with solvated electrons and Na−1 ions. The temperature‐dependent ac and dc susceptibilities, which exhibit Curie–Weiss behavior before reduction, change to something approximating superparamagnetic behavior afterwards. The blocking temperature, Tb shows a strong dependence on magnetic field but weak dependence on frequency. There is at best a very weak remanence and coercive field while the onset of irreversibility occurs at temperatures well above Tb. In addition, the real and imaginary parts of the ac susceptibility show essentially similar temperature dependence. Some of this anomalous behavior can be attributed to a distribution of particle sizes. To the best of our knowledge these preliminary data—while poorly understood—represent the first measurements of the temperature, frequency, and field dependence of the magnetic properties of such small clusters.


Water is one of the most important natural resources for the maintenance of life, being essential its preservation and its quality control. Among the sources of contamination that most affect the environment and water resources, pesticides that are used indiscriminately in agriculture stand out (DELLA-FLORA et al., 2019; REIBER et al., 2020).
The use of pesticides in agriculture occurred in the year 1950, in the United States, in what became known as the green revolution, and between 1960 and 1970 this movement was established in Brazil, receiving great fiscal incentive from the government (LOPES and ALBUQUERQUE, 2018). Therefore, the increase in the use of these chemicals has occurred with population growth in recent decades and consequently with the increase in demand for more food products to supply the population (SEVERO et al., 2020). Currently, Brazil is one of the main consumers of pesticides, standing out in the world's agricultural production (BARRETO et al., 2020).
The factors that affect the fate of these products in the environment are the way they are used and handled, the environmental conditions and the physical-chemical properties of pesticides and soil (DELLAMATRICE and MONTEIRO, 2014). In addition, with the removal of riparian forests and with inappropriate soil and crop management, pesticides can be transported to water sources by runoff and/or runin or percolating in the soil profile by leaching, due to rain or irrigation of crops where it was applied (DELLAMATRICE and MONTEIRO, 2014; SEVERO et al., 2020).


Objectives: The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) has been innovative in developing core competencies, which provide a framework for assessing performance and a 'Code of Conduct', for the lifelong journey of all surgeons. The older surgeon may face significant challenges, having passed their peak, with a lower volume of cases, and potentially increased complications. They also face the challenges of retiring from active clinical practice with its logistical and psychological dilemmas. The RACS has, therefore, put in place several initiatives to deal with these dilemmas. Conclusions: The Senior Surgeons' Group, which conducts annual 'Building Towards Retirement' workshops, has been the driving force behind these initiatives. The group has a regular program in the RACS Annual Scientific Congress, including the multidisciplinary session 'The ageing specialist - challenges for regulators: hypothetical' which took place in 2014, and some of its members are part of a multidisciplinary team with an approach to adapting to ageing that encourages self-reflection and self-monitoring. It has also influenced the RACS Council to change the continuing professional development (CPD) regulations to include requirements for ageing surgeons regards health maintenance, peer reviews, and modified requirements to satisfy CPD completion. The RACS offers a variety of other opportunities for the ageing surgeon to remain active in college activities.


Although we tend to imagine butterflies as silent, colorful creatures, they in fact gene- rate intense inaudible noise while in process of change. The microscopic encasing becomes the interface of sound intensity and scattered light mimicking the simultaneous beauty and turmoil inherent to th


This research explores teaching media "Powtoon" to assist students' writing narrative text. This research aims to investigate strategies used by the teacher in using media "Powtoon" to assist students' writing narrative text and to know how the students perceive about the use of media "Powtoon". It was argued that the use of media "Powtoon" would provide students with powerful tool to use in the classroom. Bowman (2013) arguessthat "Powtoon offers teachers more creativity and flexibility in students instruction to help introduce, develop, and reinforce key education concept". So, this strategy is appropriate for the teacher to invite students' motivation and participation in learning English especially in assessing writing skill. A qualitative descriptive research was used in this research, and this research was conducted at the tenth grade of Vocational School in Karawang, and took an English teacher who teaches writing class and 18 students as samples which were chosen purposively as the sample of the study. The data were collected by using classroom observation, and interview. The result from this study showed a positive perception through strategies which were used by the teacher and help the students in improving their self confidence in practicing writing. Beside that, the students' spelling, grammar, content and vocabulary improved because the students feel free in conveying and expressing their idea and some sentences in writing the script of the story helped them in arranging the sentences to make a good sentences. Therefore, the researcher analyzed the students' interview. The data were displayed in four questions.The dominant answer of the students' interview indicates that they enjoyed and motivated in following teacher's instruction in every stages of learning process. Based on these research findings, it is recommended that the teacher can use media Powtoon in teaching writing narrative text to Vocational School students. Furthermore, this strategy was not only increasing students' writing skill, but also increase students' technology skill through the use of media Powtoon and classroom interaction strategies. In addition, this study also suggests that English teacher to use media Powtoon


Austenitic stainless steels (ASS) have very good resistance to general corrosion but they are highly susceptibile to localized corrosion such as crevice and pitting corrosion and SCC (Stress Corrosion Cracking). Nitronic 60 and AISI 316L are ASS with very good corrosion properties but AISI 316L steel is more famous than steel Nitronic 60. In this paper are presented results of investigation of corrosion properties for both steels. Two tests were conducted: investigation of general corrosion and pitting corrosion. Testing of corrosion were conducted in the corrosion cell according to Standard ASTM G5, on instrument potentiostat/galvanostat, Princeton Applied Research, model 263A-2, with the software PowerCORR® (Standard, ASTM G5-94) in 0.9% NaCl solution at room temperature (20 1 C). The results of corrosion tests show that steel AISI 316L is more resistant to a general corrosion than Nitronic 60 but it is more exposed to pitting corrosion.


Extraction of banana juice using the traditional physical method is limited to Mbidde banana cultivars. Most other banana cultivars (including Matooke cultivars) do not produce juice by this method. A study of the microstructure and tannin content of banana fruit (Mbidde and Matooke cultivars) was carried out in order to understand the underlying factors in the juice extraction process and develop a working hypothesis to explain the mechanism of juice separation. Microscopic examination of pulp sections of Mbidde bananas revealed that their microstructure contained many more intensely stained and larger laticifer cells than pulp tissues of Matooke cultivars. On ripening, the intensity of staining of laticifer cells in Mbidde fruit appeared to increase, while there was limited or no staining in fruit of Matooke cultivars. There was also higher tannin content in Mbidde than in Matooke bananas at both unripe and ripe stages. The high tannin concentration corresponding to the unique presence of high numbers of laticifer cells in fruit of Mbidde cultivars suggests that the ability of the bananas to release juice is linked to tannins. During juice extraction the physical working of the banana pulp ruptures the laticifer cells, resulting in the release of tannins that interact with celluloses, hemicelluloses, proteins and, most importantly, pectins to form insoluble complexes, thus facilitating juice release.


The self-assembling behavior and inhibition effect of dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on copper surface were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrochemical methods. The assembling process was monitored by AFM phase images. The assembling time influences the corrosion protection efficiency of dodecanethiol SAMs. Surface friction significantly decreases when the copper surface is covered by SAMs.


Selenium (Se) contamination of aquatic ecosystems has led to the local extirpation of some Se-sensitive fish species. Although Se exposure occurs primarily via diet, considerable uncertainty lies in modelling Se transfer and bioaccumulation from sediment/detritus/periphyton through benthic macroinvertebrates (BMI) to fish. Here we estimated Se concentrations in four coldwater fish species (northern pike, white sucker, lake whitefish and ninespine stickleback) inhabiting boreal lakes downstream from a uranium mill in northern Canada. In addition, we evaluated the potential effects of BMI and periphyton sampling methods (artificial substrates vs. grab samples), seasons (summer vs. winter) and models (USEPA vs. ADEPT) on the estimated Se concentrations in fish tissue. Results were compared to site-specific benchmarks and observed Se concentrations in resident fish. In summer 2019, periphyton and BMI were sampled at 10 sampling stations (two in Vulture Lake and eight in McClean Lake) using artificial substrates (n=4) and sediment grab samples (n=3). In winter 2021, samples were collected in McClean Lake (n=3) through ice holes using a sediment grab sampler. Estimated Se concentrations in fish tissue were dependent upon the surface sediment or periphyton Se concentrations used in the models. At Vulture Lake, Se concentrations in northern pike muscle estimated using the grab sample data (17.3 ± 11.5 µg/g d.w.), but not the artificial substrates (34.5 ± 1.2µg/g d.w) were comparable to the observed mean concentration (19.0 ± 1.4 µg/g d.w) in this species. At McClean Lake, Se body burdens in forage fish estimated using data from both sampling methods were comparable to measured data. Significantly lower mean whole-body Se concentrations were estimated for all fish species in winter (1.0 ± 0.3 µg/g d.w) relative to summer (4.8 ±1.6 µg/g d.w). Further investigation is necessary to understand how potential seasonal shifts in dietary Se exposure relate to fish reproduction and early life stages.


Introduction Recent changes in diplomatic practice include a marked increase in peace and reconciliation efforts by third parties aimed not at interstate, but at intrastate, conflict. One immediate observation is that as war itself has shifted from being less of an interstate and more of an intrastate phenomenon, efforts to mediate have followed suit. A general one is that the shift from interstate to intrastate peace and reconciliation efforts also dovetails with a wider change in global politics, which has seen interaction change from being state-to-state (international) to being multi-actor and multiaxial (global). This chapter treats third-party mediation of civic conflict as what, with Andrew Abbot, we refer to in the Introduction as a "thing of boundary," that is, as a phenomenon over which a new profession, in this case diplomats, tries to claim authority, so that the profession's turf may expand. Where such practices come from will vary empirically. The case at hand in this chapter is the pioneer in institutionalizing this new set of diplomatic practices, namely Norway. Norwegian diplomacy seems first and foremost to be propelled by an interest in systems maintenance. Systems maintenance is of the essence for an agent such as Norway that, as a small state with an open economy, stands to gain a lot from upholding the system and has little or nothing to gain from its transformation. The Introduction's emphasis on the need to see change in diplomatic practice not only in functional but also in constitutive terms invites us to pin down the nature of this change in diplomatic practice. A functional reading would note that the mentioned change in the system has thrown up new sand for diplomacy to grind. The set of agents in global politics has grown into something more manifold, and diplomats have followed suit. The intensity with which established great powers such as the United States but also Great Britain and France engage with third-party roles is increasing. So is the number of engaged actors. A constitutive reading would see this change in diplomatic practice not as a task-solving response to wider change, but as a constitutive part of that change.


Objectives This study investigated the operational status of parental education for fathers in the Childcare Support Center and explored the improvement of father education based on this. Methods Total 374 times data of parental education for fathers operated from 2018 to 2021 at the Childcare Support Center located in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam were collected, and analyzed. And In-depth interviews were conducted to derive an improvement plan. Results First, the father's education at the center increased continuously for 4 years, but the education for fathers was not actively operated as it was conducted about 5.20 times annual average per center. Second, the education method by fathers and children was operated 1.6 times more than for fathers alone, and one-time education accounted for 65.8% of the total education. Third, father's education was operated the most in the morning on the weekend, and the group size consisted of small groups by 1-10 people and 11-20 people. Fourth, the contents of father's education, 64.1% of experiential activities with fathers and children took place, and the education related to parenting information gradually decreased. Fifth, the improvement plan for father's education is to be operated continuously with the consist of multiple programs in order to increase the participation rate of fathers, and appeared as customized education according to the situation of the child and father, comprehensive approach combining parenting information education and experiential type, an education plan through feedback. Conclusions Through this study, it was possible to check the current status of parental education for fathers at the Childcare Support Center, and explore improvements, and increase father's participation by planning father education taking this into consideration, and will be able to enhance the effectiveness of education.


Introduction Arsenic has several oxidation states. In aqueous and aerobic environment, As is present as 3+ and 5+, adsorbed on Fe hydroxides [1]. In highly reducing environment, As is present by substituting S in sulfide minerals e.g. arsenopyrite. Pyrite is a common sulfide mineral which commonly occurs in sedimentary rocks. We have interests to the As elution from such sulfides in aqueous environment. Here, As speciation analysis of pyrites was carried out.


Background: Patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and shock are at increased risk of mortality, we divided the managing strategies and also sought to determine whether the revascularization strategy of coronary arteries makes difference regarding to mortality.Methods: We prospectively analyzed sixty patients presented by ST elevation myocardial infarction and complicated by cardiogenic shock admitted to National Heart Institute CCU foe one year who had recent history of acute STEMI within 24 hours of onset of symptoms and complicated by cardiogenic shock. They were divided in to two groups: Group1 with cardiogenic shock received thrombolytic. Group2 has PCI with two Subgroups: PCI for only Culprit artery. Another had total revascularization. Hospital mortalities in all shocked patient were studied according to revascularization strategy
Results: We included 60 patients with a mean age of 59 years. Females were (36.7%). CA was present in 26.7%. Hospital mortality was 26.7% (16 out of the 60 patients included in the study 50% in group 1 and 20% in culprit only subgroup and only 10% in total revascularization subgroup). After adjustment, higher mortality was in patients with thrombolytic group compared to patients with revascularization.  Conclusions:Total revascularization, when the anatomy is favorable, is the better revascularization strategy regarding mortality rather than culprit only revascularization, but the worst outcome and mortality was with patients in thrombolytic group without intervention. Risk factors; Dyslipidemia, DM, history of CAD and LVEF%, Post PCI TIMI flow (< grade III), were all associated with high mortality.


Abstract 1252 The development of hematopoiesis during embryonic and fetal life has served as a valuable model for characterizing putative HSC markers, as well as for studying the ontogeny of cells comprising the hematopoietic niche, and defining the nature of the interactions of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells with these microenvironmental cells that drive HSC maintenance and/or differentiation. Alcam (CD166) has been shown to be expressed during ontogeny by the endothelium within the yolk sac and dorsal aorta, playing a key role in capillary tube formation and differentiation, but the adult aorta is devoid of this molecule. In the adult bone marrow, CD166 has been shown to be expressed by both highly primitive HSC and mesenchymal cells of the microenvironment, and to mediate homophilic adhesion between these two cell types. Here, we investigated the origin of the CD166+ cells during ontogeny and extensively characterized their phenotype as the marrow developed to better understand their function. To this end, we used flow cytometry and confocal microscopy to analyze human bone marrow (BM) during the period of development from 10 to 20 gestational weeks. CD166 expression was not detected on any cell population within the BM until week 18 of gestation, a time point when hematopoiesis is already well established within this tissue, as determined by the presence of CD34+CD45+ cells. CD166+ cells were rare at week 18, localized with other circulating cells in hematopoietic areas/spaces, and co-expressed FLK-1, CD44, N-cadherin, and Stro-1. By 20 weeks of gestation, the CD166+ population had increased significantly in number, and could be separated based on phenotype and spacial localization. CD166+/Stro-1+/CD44+/N-cadherin+/FLK-1+ cells increased approximately 4-fold in number between weeks 18 and 20, and they continued to be localized within the hematopoietic zones. In contrast, the more numerous CD166+/Stro-1+/CD44+/FLK-1- population was confined to the perivascular niche, with some of these cells integrating within the forming/maturing vasculature. In conclusion, we found that CD166 expression defines two distinct populations during development; one that seemingly associates with the perivascular niche, and another that localized with circulating hematopoietic cells. Interestingly, even though some CD166+ cells co-expressed N-cadherin, these cells did not localize to the osteoblastic niche. Studies are currently underway to further characterize these two populations with respect to their ability to support and/or give rise to hematopoiesis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vaso-proliferative disorder of the retina, which principally occurs in premature neonates during vascular development and maturation stage. ROP is multifactorial disorder. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to know the risk factors and their correlation with retinopathy of prematurity. Methods: All neonates born between 28-34 weeks of gestation admitted in NICU, who are under oxygen, were included in the study and screened for ROP. Babies with ocular disorder which interfere with fundus examination and babies who did not complete follow up till complete vascularization of retina were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 95 neonates were studied for ROP. In babies with gestational age between 30 – 32 weeks, 15.4%, 8.5% in the 32 – 35 weeks and none among those born between more than 35 weeks had ROP. About 12.5% of the patients with no PDA and 57.1% of the patients with PDA had retinopathy of prematurity. About 10.8% of the patients with no anemia and 33.3% with anemia had retinopathy of prematurity. This study had shown that 9.6% of the patients without blood transfusion and 36.4% with blood transfusion had retinopathy of prematurity. In this study 10% of the newborns with no thrombocytopenia and 32% with thrombocytopenia had retinopathy of prematurity.Retinopathy is an important complication of prematurity. Conclusion: Timely referral of detected ROP cases for treatment prevents blindness. There is need for the obstetricians, neonatologist and ophthalmologist to work in close co-operation to prevent blindness due to ROP.


On the basis of the studies it is identified one of the reasons for the decline in physical fitness because of the plan of University schedule. Here is demonstrated the justification of content of stand alone classes for a physical culture to students of Pedagogical University, allows to strengthen a health, to improve the level of physical preparedness, taking to the account educational and professionals features.


Transient electrocardiographic changes in patients with acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and pneumonia have been reported in the past.1‐5 These changes usually are in the form of T‐wave inversion, ST‐segment depression, and rarely ST‐segment elevation in the absence of coronary artery disease.1‐5 To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report documenting both left ventricular segmental wall motion abnormality and electrocardiographic changes of myocardial injury in the presence of acute pancreatitis.


This paper describes the impact of involvement with Special Recreation Associations (SRAs) on the community integration, personal development, and adjustment of one hundred forty-five young adults with disabilities. Participant-perceived and caregiver-perceived benefits ofSRA involvement were identified, and caregiver-perceived impacts were correlated with participation in six different categories of activity. Correlations were found between certain caregiver-perceived impacts ofSRA involvement and the extent of activity in the categories of recreation participation, expressive activity, physical activity, and organized competition. The data suggest that involvement in SRAs makes a significant contribution to the well-being of young adults with disabilities.


7\Jertz a nd Kinnis Glac ie rs a rc two glac iers in E as t Anta rcti ca (I\Iert z: 1+5 E,67 S; Ninnis: 147.5 E, 68 ° S ) with long tong ues exte nding into the so uthernmost India n O cea n. A contributio n in a recent iss ue of theJ oll mal of Clacio/ug)' by Wendkr a nd others (1996) is concerned with ad\'a nce and retreat of these tongues a nd with the desc ription of their surface fea tures based on satell it e synthetic ape rture rada r (SAR ) d a ta fromJERS-l. In thi s leller, wc note that accurate surfa ce e!c\'a tion and extent o f these Eas t Anta rc tic ice tongues a re now a\'a ilablc fi'om an e \ 'a l ua ti on of G c os a t G eodetic l\li ss io n (Gl\ f) rada r a ltimete r (RA) data. A topog raphic map o f the Ninnis and l\fcrt z Glac ie r a rea is provided ( Fig. I), in a ddition to enla rged ve rsions of7\fertz Gl ac ie r (Fig. 2) a nd :'\innis Glac ier (Fig. 3). Th ese maps \\'ere expa nded from o ur a tl as oftopog raphic te rra in models of Anta rctica. deri\'ed from Geosa t Gl\[ RA d a ta of 1985 86 using geosta ti stica l method s (H erzfe ld a nd 7\latassa, in press a ). In ge nera l, RA and SAR d a ta can be combined to study changes in position, surface morph ology a nd e le\'a ti on of Anta rcti c ice streams a nd g laciers. The a dva ntage of RA data over SAR data is the i r longer reco rd in time (since 1978), mo re frequ elll repeat, a nd lesser da ta \ 'olume, which fac ilita tes frequent co llecti o n a nd rapid eva lua ti on fo r la rge a reas.


With the development of MOOC, college students are the group with the largest social impact and the highest acceptance of MOOC education in China. However, there are still insufficient empirical studies on this group's continuance intention of MOOC platform. Based on the immersion theory, this paper integrates the information system success model and the technology acceptance model to construct the theoretical model of Continuance intention of the MOOC platform in Chinese universities, and reveals the influence of the quality of the MOOC platform itself on the continuance intention. By constructing a structural equation model, this paper makes an empirical analysis, showing that the information, system and service quality of MOOC platform in Chinese universities have a positive impact on students' continuance intention of MOOC platforms. The research results of this paper have theoretical and practical implications for the construction of MOOC platform.


Reducing congestion to ensure people's safety has been widely concerned. Rhythm may be a potential way to adjust pedestrian flow. Considering that different gender groups may have different responses to rhythm, this study mainly conducted a series of single-file experiments on the effects of rhythm on male behavior. The distribution of speed mostly conform to a Gaussian distribution in different runs. The stop-and-go phenomenon appears when the density is beyond 1.35 ped/m. As the density increases, the frequency of long stop time becomes higher. The fundamental diagrams with rhythm are obtained. The boundary density between the free and constrained phases is 0.5 ped/m. When the density is 1 ped/m, the maximum flow rate 0.8 ped/s is reached. Meanwhile, the relationship between headway and individual velocity is fitted piecewise and two stages can be found. The findings can help to understand the movement characteristics of male under rhythmic influence.


NTEU's 2017-18 Pre-Budget Submission called on the Government to respond to the challenges facing higher education with a policy framework that reflects the diversity of the sector and gives universities the autonomy and responsibility to respond to changing community and student demands.


Objective To explore the clinical and pathological features,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of Paget's disease.Methods From 1985 to 2006,10 patients with Paget's disease were operated and pathologically confirmed.Results Paget's disease accounted for 0.8% of the total morbility of the breast cancer. The range of age was 39-60 years,the mean age was 49.7years.The mean duration of the symptoms was 1-120 months.The most common symptom was anabrosis at nipple.All patients received combined treatment with surgery as the major modality .The mean number of lymph nodes obtained during operation were 9(6-13).Only 1 case got positive lymph nodes(2/13).Conclusion As a special type of breast cancer,Paget's disease has the features of low morbility,higher misdiagnosis and longer survival with early diagnosis and proper treatment.