Surfaces, like minimal surfaces, are commonly used to describe intricate thermotropic liquid crystalline phase structures: cubic phases, TGB phases, quadratic phases, blue phases, and smectic blue phases. Such geometrical models are good tools to visualize the competition between the various molecular interactions generating these phases although they often cannot lead to the prediction of the thermodynamic phase diagrams.


Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (MVD) plays important roles in triterpenoid biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway. A novel MVD gene was isolated and identified in Antrodia cinnamomea (Ac-mvd). The full-length cDNA contained an open reading frame with a length of 1,209 bp and encoded a 402-amino acid polypeptide with a molecular mass of 43.3 kDa and a theoretical pI of 8.23. As incubation time was prolonged for 28 days, the triterpenoid content in the mycelium gradually increased and reached 39.192 ± 2.025 mg/g; the triterpenoid content of the fruiting body grew in the hay of Cinnamomum kanehirae (ACFB-CK), was 49.391 ± 2.675 mg/g, which was significantly different from other samples ( P Antrodia cinnamomea were detected on the 7th day. The expression levels gradually decreased as culture time was extended from 14 days to 42 days.


The Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation (IZMIRAN) electrodynamic model (IZMEM) provides global patterns of polar ionospheric potential and is parameterized by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Given IMF conditions measured by an upstream satellite, the model yields a good global approximation to the polar ionospheric convection patterns assuming the proper time delay. While the model assumes static patterns and is based upon statistical regression analysis of high-latitude magnetometer data, it can furnish an appropriate global context within which to examine time-varying phenomena. The authors use the IZMEM model to further develop their understanding of the coordinated analysis of Greenland radar, riometer, and magnetometer data on August 2, 1991, which is one of the geospace environment modeling program intervals. The event is characterized by geomagnetic pulsations observed near local magnetic noon, having a 25-min period and poleward phase propagation. A modulation of the intensity and orientation of the convection electric field is observed by the Sondrestrom incoherent scatter radar. Modeled global convection patterns show striking agreement with observations in the area covered by the radar field of view. The authors interpret observed phenomena as a direct ground-based evidence of the IMF B{sub y} component reconnection at themore » dayside magnetopause. 31 refs., 6 figs.« less


Through the 3×3 orthogonal experimental design methods,the influences of the different temperature stages of 2-step annealing heat treatment on the mechanical properties and the microstructures of the TC18 titanium alloy were investigated.The influence of the changes of temperature on the mechanical properties was quantitatively analyzed.The results show that the stress level can be increased by increasing the middle-stage of temperature and lowering the low-stage of temperature;the elongation level can be increased by lowering the high-stage temperature and increasing the low-stage temperature; and the impact toughness can be upgraded also by lowering the high-stage and the middle-stage temperature .The stress levels of TC18 titanium can be controlled by the amounts of theβphase andα_s phase, the shape ofα_s phase;the elongation levels can be controlled by the shape ofα_p phase and the shape of theα_s phase;and the impact toughness is controlled by the shape and the amounts of theα_p phase.


Situational awareness is essential for a safe and sustainable urban environment. While the wide deployment of Internet of Video Things (IoVT) enables efficient monitoring of the footage of the Smart Cities, it also attracts attackers and abusers. Disinformation injected into the IoVT can mislead the city administrations, policy makers, and emergency responders, and lead to disastrous consequences. It is very challenging to timely authenticate each video stream from pervasively deployed IoVT devices. This article presents a Blockchain Enhanced Video input Authentication (BEVA) scheme as an edge service to fight against the visual layer attacks on smart IoVT systems such as online false video injection and offline video streams tampering attacks. The BEVA scheme leverages the electrical network frequency (ENF) embedded in video recordings as an environmental fingerprint for online false frame detection. Blockchain is integrated to enable a decentralized security networking infrastructure, and it empowers an immutable, traceable, and auditable distributed ledger for ENF-based authentication scheme without relying on a third-party trust authority. This secure-by-design solution efficiently provides trust and secure services in IoVT in modern Smart Cities.


IN February 1974 the Privy Council, in New Zealand Shipping Co. Ltd. v. A. M. Satterthwaite & Co. Ltd., The Eurymedon,' delivered its revolutionary advice that the stevedore, against whom the action had been brought, was protected by exemption clauses contained in the bill of lading issued by the carrier to the shipper of the goods damaged. Since then, courts in Australia, Canada and New Zealand have had occasion to decide similar cases. The purpose of this article is to examine the decision in The Eurymedon and the manner in which it has been treated by these cases, with a view to suggesting how it might be received by courts in the future.


For its potential applications in optical information processing, organic photoreffactive (PR) material has drawn extensive attention since the first observation of PR effect in a organic guest-host doped composite in 1991.1


General Structured Voting is a exible framework for modelling a wide range of data replication schemes using a single uniform algorithm. In this paper we give an overview of the concept and its key data structure called a voting structure. Voting structures are used 1) to derive sets of cooperating nodes and 2) to deene a sequence in which these sets are applied in order to execute an operation. The proposal diiers in three aspects from concepts known from the literature. First, is allows acyclic structures which are clearly more ex-ible than hierarchical tree structures or grids. Second, the feature of specifying a sequence among the sets permits the modelling of schemes owning the property of graceful degradation. And third, the design of new schemes by combining already modelled ones is extremely easy and results in hybrid schemes which are again executable without the time-and money-consuming as well as error-prone task of modifying existing implementations. We will support these theses by modelling the Grid Protocol and the Tree Quorum Protocol as well as designing a new hybrid scheme by hierarchically combining these two building blocks.


Multimodal Medical fusion imaging is a salient feature not only in image-guided medical diagnosis but also treatment and various computer guided medical procedures. This paper proposes an efficient medical fusion imaging system that is evolved from the concept of Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform (NSST) and the Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) technique. Optimum decomposition level is determined by GWO technique and the optimum gain parameters. Finally, one more procedure is added to the entire procedure known as denoising and enhancement process is carried out to improve its visual quality and improve detailing. Work performance of these traditional fusion techniques are hampered greatly in cases when the images are corrupted with noise. Hence there is a need to develop a fusion technique that is capable of preserving precise information even when images are corrupted. It is also challenging to achieve suppressed noise and enhanced textural simultaneously. This proposed work is a study to compare traditional spatial, transform, filter and neural network domain fusion techniques with optimized NSST fusion imaging.


Field experiment was used to investigate the effects of plastic film mulching and straw mulching on the growth,dry matter distribution and nutrient uptakes of maize.In the test year,there was plenty of rainfall during the maize growth period but only a little at the early stage.Biomass and yield of maize were improved due to straw mulching or plastic film mulching.Maize NUE was improved as well.The nitrogen uptake of maize with mulching treatments was higher than that without mulching(CK),while nitrogen remaining in the leaves was also higher,compared to no mulching.Mulching had no effect on the distribution of dry matter and harvest index of maize.


The article analyzes the language features of political leaflets on the material of the 2019 presidential election in Ukraine. Linguistic means of influencing voters at the lexical, syntactic and morphological levels are highlighted. Samples of language play in political leaflets are also considered. Methods such as analysis and synthesis, descriptive and distributive methods are used.


David et al. present ice nucleation measurements with well-characterized porous silica particles to investigate the efficiency of the pore condensation and freezing (PCF) ice formation pathway as a function of the particles' pore diameter, contact angle, and surface functionalization. The reported ice nucleation behavior is generally in agreement with that predicted by the inverse Kelvin equation, which is the starting point to theoretically describe the PCF mechanism. In some cases, further considerations, like limited growth time of ice crystals in the ZINC CFDC and pressuredependent homogeneous ice nucleation rates, were taken into account to fully explain the experimental observations. It therefore remains challenging to derive a general parameterization of the PCF mechanism for e.g. ambient dust particles, but the experiments presented in this manuscript with the synthesized particles are an important step to understand which factors control the ice nucleation behavior of porous particles. A particular strength of the study is the comprehensive characterization of the particles with a number of different techniques as presented in Sect. 3.1. The manuscript itself is well-structured and in most parts clearly written. Reading the discussion of the ice nucleation measurements, however, was sometimes a bit challenging due to the variety of explanations taken into account to reconcile the findings with theory. I suggest below a couple of points which would need further clarifications, but otherwise recommend the publication of this article in ACP.


Seismic analysis is most important tasks to know the behavior of structure under action of earthquake loading. Different system is generated to reduce the effect of earthquake loading. TMD (tuned mass damper) arrangement is one which is used to decrease the sensations s of the steel structures. Further with the appearance of response spectrum analysis with better perceptive of seismic response. The significance of reduced the sensations and displacement of structure is realize in resisting even advanced seismic loads than the design load. The base shear force is decreases by introducing a response reduction factor to consider an inelastic displacement ability of ductile structure in dissipating the energy of structure. In this review paper studied the conduct of TMD on a steel frame structure under the action of dynamic loading with irregularity in vertical dir. The TMD is evaluated by means of response decrease coefficient. Which are generating from the proportion of the structure rejoinder with or without tuned mass damper. The response spectrum analysis of TMD structure shows the more accurate results against the seismic loading based on IS code depends on nonlinear performance of material. second part, the influence of semi-dynamic TMD is contemplated on a 10-stories outline. Studies demonstrated that utilizing a TMD formwork with thick damper with controller power diminishes the normal of most extreme uprooting of rooftop story down to 39.91 % and this measure of decrease is 22.81% for semi-dynamic tuned mass damper. At former, the presentation of Single tuned and diverse mass Damper is assessed on a 20-stories outline, and the outcomes demonstrate that solitary and numerous dampers diminishing structures 'reactions and the exhibition of tuned numerous dampers relies upon the mass and repetition proportion and furthermore reasoned that the presentation of tuned multiple mass dampers is diminished by change to centre of the framed stories.


Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is becoming a new era of wireless networking technology. The security schemes proposed in the original IEEE802.11 protocol are gradually unsatisfied. So some new authentication methods are needed urgently. The main issue of this paper is about the EAP-TLS authentication based on TLS, EAP, RADIUS, and IEEE 802.1x protocol. We discuss and implement the concrete procedures of the EAP-TLS authentication for Public WLAN (PWLAN), and point the advantages of the authentication mechanism. It is a solution of the PWLAN required to have an enhanced level of security and to support network authentication and generation of stronger session keys.


As the Chairman of the 9th edition of the Manufacturing Engineering Society International Conference (MESIC 2021) held in Gijόn (Spain) from 23 to 25 of June 2021, I have the honour to present the papers discussed at the conference by researchers and professionals from 18 different countries. This ninth edition was organized by the Manufacturing Engineering Area of the University of Oviedo on behalf of the Manufacturing Engineering Society (SIF). The conference was first held in Calatayud (Spain) in 2005, with the main objective of becoming a forum for the exchange of experiences between national and international researchers and professionals in the field of Manufacturing Engineering. The rest of the editions have been celebrated up to now with this same vocation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) publishes here the 140 papers, organised according to the topics of the Conference, that were finally accepted for presentation at the MESIC 2021 after a rigorous peer review process. List of Committees Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee, Editors, Organizer, Promoter and Sponsors and this titles are available in this pdf.


We experimentally demonstrate a simple technique to cancel the idler broadening in a fiber optical parametric amplifier (OPA) by using two pumps phase-modulated 180/spl deg/ out of phase, one of them being obtained by four-wave mixing in an auxiliary fiber. The resulting OPA idler quality is comparable to that of the output signal.


The results of experimental-clinical investigation, using apparatuses of a highly-temperature dissection and coagulation of a various type of action, were adduced. Classification of a highly-temperature dissection and coagulation in accordance to type of action and kind of the energy used was elaborated, basing on analysis of results of experimental operations and clinical application of apparatuses of various manufactures.


@Karis_M_Jones
 Searching, thinking
while listening broken thoughts
screaming
our links of metaphor
ripping at targets
a source of
subjective
consciousness
just talking to yourself?
a personal poem
unfolding in the mind
#smallpoems
#lra19


Based on the international treaty PRC joined,we shall protect the copyrights and trade mark rights of Incoterms.The nature of Incoterms protected by the law of copyrights and the law of trade mark shall be trade practice not the international usage under Chinese laws.As for the application of Incoterms 2010,our attitude shall be that it is a matter of fact not a matter of law.The application of Incoterms 2010 shall not be based on the article 142(2)of the Principals of Civil Law but on the provisions of the Contract Law.


During RV Sonne cruise SO173-1 in the framework of SFB574 (Volatiles and Fluids in Subduction Zones) in July/August 2003, a new area offshore Nicaragua has been surveyed with the IFM-GEOMAR deep-towed multichannel seismic system along with the deep-towed sidescan sonar system. In total 13 NW-SE striking profiles running parallel to the continental slope were recorded in water depths between 800 and 2500 m covering an area of approximately 700 square km. This study presents the first results from the ongoing investigations on these seismic profiles.


PURPOSE: To simply apply heart stimulation high in reliability by measuring a venticular impedance and generating a stimulation pulse corresponding to the rapid bending of the measured signal. CONSTITUTION: Impedance containing venticular impedance is measured by an impedance measuring unit 4 and the rapid up and down bending of this impedance measuring signal is detected by a delta modulator connected to a phenomenon detector 7. This detection signal coincides with the generation of a p-wave and is outputted through a signal delay unit 8 in order to trigger a stimulation pulse generator 3.


Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone with important roles in the control of bone and mineral metabolism of vertebrates and in the maintenance of systemic homeostasis. This study aimed (i) to evaluate the serum concentrations of 25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D levels [25(OH)D], parathyroid hormone (PTH) and ionized calcium (iCa) of wild Callithrix penicillata (black‐tufted marmosets) and (ii) to propose reference ranges for those analytes for free‐living marmosets.


Rapid detection of large vessel occlusion (LVO) is very crucial in triaging stroke patients potentially candidates for mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Hyperdense vessel sign (HDVS) is one of the earliest ischemic changes in non‐contrast CT scan (NCCT) indicating LVO stroke. Artificial intelligence emerged to detect HDVS with the advantages of faster acquisition, less variation, and a lower need for experience than the usual detection. We aimed to identify the diagnostic performance of automated software (e‐Stroke, Brainomix) in HDVS detection.

 A prospectively collectedMT database from March 2020 to August 2021 was reviewed. Patients were included if they had intracranial internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery M1 or M2 occlusion. Cases with HDVS were identified through the routine 2.5‐mm slice thickness NCCT scans after being correlated with patients' clinical information and confirmed with CT angiography (CTA) scans. NCCT scans were classified according to slice thickness into two groups: 2.5‐mm scans and 0.625‐mm generated scans. All NCCT scans were read by e‐Stroke software, then deidentified and reviewed by two stroke neurologists who were blinded to any clinical, other imaging, or therapeutic information. They were required to record the presence/laterality of HDVS before and after observing other NCCT early ischemic changes like gaze deviation, loss of insular ribbon, caudate or lentiform hypodensity. ROC curve analysis was used to estimate sensitivity and specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared using DeLong's test. Inter‐rater agreement between the two readers' final reads, e‐Stroke, and the standard read was measured using the Fleiss Kappa test.

 Among 304 patients included in the study, 37.7% had HDVS. Approximately 44% of the scans had 2.5‐mm slice thickness and 56% had 0.625‐mm slice thickness. The e‐Stroke software identified HDVS with a sensitivity of 63% and a specificity of 71% (Table 1). The mean AUC value of e‐Stroke HDVS detection (0.67[0.61‐0.74]) was similar to reader‐1 (0.68[0.62‐0.74];p = 0.87) and reader‐2 (0.63[0.57‐0.70];p = 0.56). HDVS detection improved by reader‐1(0.78[0.72‐0.83];p = 0.03) after observing other early ischemic changes on the same scans, but reader‐2 performance remained similar to e‐Stroke (0.69[0.63‐0.76];p = 0.71). AUC, sensitivity and specificity ofHDVS detection by e‐Stroke were significantly higher using 2.5‐mm compared to 0.625‐mm sliced NCCT scans (0.78[0.70‐0.86],sensitivity 70%,specificity 86%;p< 0.001) vs (0.58[0.50‐0.67],sensitivity 56%,specificity 61%;p = 0.06) respectively;p = 0.01. The readers also had higher AUC values with 2.5‐mm scans but not statistically significant, (0.74[0.66‐0.83] vs 0.64[0.56‐0.73];p = 0.18) for reader‐1 and (0.68[0.59‐0.77] vs 0.57[0.48‐0.66];p = 0.23) for reader‐2. The same after the final read, (0.85[0.78‐0.92] vs 0.75[0.67‐0.82];p = 0.08) for reader‐1 and (0.73[0.65‐0.82] vs 0.67[0.58‐0.76];p = 0.43) for reader‐2. Similarly, inter‐rater agreement was higher using 2.5‐mm sliced scans, k = 0.50(0.43‐0.75) compared to0.625‐mm scans,k = 0.27(0.21‐0.33).

 Artificial intelligence (e‐Stroke software) has comparable sensitivity and specificity to human readers in HDVS detection. For e‐Stroke software, 2.5‐mm sliced CT scans are better to identifyHDVS compared to 0.625‐mm scans.


The salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) level is widely considered a marker of psychological stress. For clinical applicability, its characteristics should be examined under normal conditions. The aims of this study were to investigate the circadian rhythm, daily variation in a week and sex difference of the sAA level in sublingual saliva under a resting condition, for which 6 individuals, 11 individuals and 30 age-matched women and men, respectively, were enrolled. The individual sAA levels were measured once every hour from 10:00 to 16:00 (7 times/day); at 10:00 on Monday, Wednesday and Friday (thrice/week); and without any restriction in the respective experiments by using a hand-held sAA monitor. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and the Student's t-test were used for statistical analyses (p < 0.05). No significant differences in the sAA levels were observed among the different times of the day (p = 0.311) or different days of the week (p = 0.291), nor was a significant sex difference found (p = 0.962). These results suggest that the sAA level in sublingual saliva remains relatively stable under normal conditions and is not influenced by gender. It would be a useful tool to evaluate the effect of psychological stress in the clinical setting. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


It discloses a method and apparatus for providing community-based metadata. In one embodiment transmission, the method comprising the steps of detecting an object in the frame of the media program, the first data including a frame of a media program having a detected object, the display device for presentation to the user a step of, is associated with the identified object, receiving a second data including the metadata input by the user, and tracking the objects across frames approximation media programs, media programs at least in one object approximation of frame, comprising the steps of relating the input metadata, and storing the input metadata implicated. .FIELD 1


This paper presents a simplified method of driving a power tube without the need of coupling devices and grid-biasing means. The power section is one whose useful plate-current versus grid-voltage characteristic is realized only with positive values of grid voltage. Its low input impedance is in series with the cathode-ground circuit of the driver tube. This impedance, also, automatically provides a negative bias for the grid of the driver, thereby eliminating external biasing. Since the electronic coupling of the two tubes varies with signal excursions, this method of amplification is termed "dynamic coupling." Practical considerations show immediately that the driver must operate into an impedance which is considerably lower than its own plate impedance. It is shown that the distortion which is produced when working with such ratios is minimized partly by making the driver circuit degenerative in order to nullify the varying effect of the driver's mu. This is treated first with a pure resistive load. When the grid impedance is the load, a further reduction in distortion is shown, for then the ratio of plate-to-load impedance remains more nearly constant throughout a signal excursion. The remaining part of the paper deals with a commercial application of these principles. Certain design considerations for a tube embodying both driver and power sections are discussed. A current surge phenomenon caused by secondary emission is discussed and a practical means for its elimination is given. The delayed point at which the driver's grid begins drawing current is shown to be particularly advantageous.


The core aim of this research is to develop a protection system for the industrial motors by analyzing vibration and temperature parameters and to automatically reduce the operating speed of the motor with an alarm indication when the threshold of both the parameters are exceeded. All the algorithms for the functionality along with the GUI of the system is built using LabVIEW. The automated speed control of the system is done by integrating a servo motor with algorithms built which acts based on the output of both the sensing parameters. The maximum speed of the motor is 1300 rpm and based on the testing carried out, it is observed that the speed is successfully reduced upto 500 rpm when with five speed range in between the maximum and minimum speed. The type of motor used in this project is a single phase induction motor. Placement of the vibration is set to be on top of the housing of the motor which provided the highest sensitivity based on testing carried out and the vibration rate generated by the motor operating at maximum rpm on no load was 0.47g where 'g' is the unit represented by the vibration sensor for amount of acceleration acted upon the sensor. In a nut shell, the functionality of the system was successfully achieved based on the objectives and overcoming the drawbacks from past research works.


For applying STBC(Space-Time Block Codes) to CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) system in the multipath fading environment effectively,a method of multipath space-time block decoding is presented to collect the multipath signal energy adequately.Because the scheme of space-time block decoding is correlated with channel parameters,channel estimation with multipath delay is also discussed,and the deterioration of the BER(Bit Error Ratio),caused by the tolerance of channel estimation deviation,is analyzed as well.Simulation results show that the performance of BER can be improved obviously using this proposed method.


Introduction. Affective and cognitive disorders are characteristic manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD). The clinical assessment of this disorder in PD is assessed as a negative assessment of the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Issues related to motor, affective, cognitive communities with various aspects of QoL at the stage of PD require mandatory.Aim: to evaluate the associations between motor, affective, cognitive impairments and QoL indicators in patients in the early stages of PD.Results. Significant relationships were found between the motor aspects of QOL and affective and cognitive impairments: between the total assessment of AFLD, assessments of mobility/everyday activity of QoL and SSOBP (r = 0.45–0.49, p < 0.05), depression (r = 0.77, p < 0.05), apathy (r = 0.42, p < 0.05), trait anxiety (TA, r = 0.58, p < 0.05), visuospatial functions SCOPA (r = –0,34, p < 0.05), Stroop test 3 (r = 0.33, p < 0.05).There was a relationship between self-assessment of emotional well-being of QoL and affective, cognitive impairments: depression, TA (r = 0.73, 0.77, p < 0.05), state anxiety (SA), apathy (r = 0.52, r = 0.56, p < 0.05); SCOPA (r = –0.27, p < 0.05), interference index, Stroop test (r = 0.29, p < 0.05), 1 part TMT test (r = 0.31, p < 0.05). A relationship was found between self-assessment of social life and motor, affective disorders: SSOS (r = 0.38, p < 0.05), SA (r = 0.43, p < 0.05), depression (r = 0.48, p < 0.05), apathy (r = 0.57, p < 0.05).Conclusion. The significant role of depression, anxiety, apathy, cognitive impairments in self-assessment of motor disorders, decreased daily activity, deterioration of emotional and social aspects of QoL already in the early stages of PD justifies the need for diagnosis and treatment of these disorders in each patient. Taking into account the mutual influence of motor, affective and cognitive disorders, complex rehabilitation is required to improve the quality of life of patients.


In this work the electrical characterisation of ion implanted n + /p planar SiC diodes is presented. When a silicon dioxide film passivated the surface, the presence of electrically conductive paths among the cathodes of the diodes were detected. Surface morphology investigations and Electron Beam Induced Current (EBIC) analyses allowed us to correlate the conductive paths with grooves induced on the SiC surface by the post implantation annealing. After removing the surface silicon oxide film, the diodes were electrically isolated and their currentvoltage (I-V) and capacitance voltage (C-V) characteristics were evaluated. At 10 V the best diodes had a leakage current density value lower than 5x10 -11 A/cm 2 while some other diodes showed a value higher than 1x10 -7 A/cm 2 . EBIC analyses pointed out a similar defect situation in the base region independently of the leakage current value. So no evidence of a correlation between the presence of electrically active defects and the leakage current behavior was found. The maximum measured value of the breakdown voltage (VB) was of about 280 V. For the best diodes, the ideality factor was 2.1 at low voltages and then reached 1.4 increasing the forward bias, but never got 1 before the series resistance dominated the characteristic. Base and emitter doping concentrations calculated using C-V measurements were in agreement with the expected values.


This is the third issue of an annual from the Association Psychanalytique de France. Like its two predecessors, it brings together contributions on the basis of a set of related ideas; in this case, the notions of mal [evil ⁄ ailment] and malaise and maladie [illness] serve to place the concept of cure under scrutiny. A stimulus to debate is provided by contrasting two propositions of Freud's, both formulated in Analysis terminable and interminable. The first views psychoanalysis as doing what needs to be done when the patient's life itself has failed to do it. The second proposition is that psychoanalysis gives rise to a ''newly created state'' in the ego, a state which clearly distinguishes ''a person who has been analysed'' from one who has not (Freud, 1937, p. 227. The first stresses the psychotherapeutic dimension of psychoanalysis, the second the 'cultural work' to which the psychoanalytical quest contributes. This implies a live connection between psychotherapy and philosophy, a connection upon which each of the contributors to this collection seeks to base the originality of the psychoanalytical process. Before going into detail, it is worth briefly reviewing the plan of this volume, the unity of whose theme makes it more of a coherent work than a journal in the usual sense. A first section, 'Entretiens' [Exchanges] comprises three presentations, each followed by a rejoinder. The first presentation, by Patrick Merot, tackles the question of truth, asking what definition of truth would be consistent with its having heuristic value in our understanding of the curative process. In his rejoinder, Jacques Andr makes the provocative suggestion that truth might be what the patient needs to be cured of. A second presentation, by Jean-FranÅois Daubech, links the process of cure to 'creativity' along the road, the long road, that psychoanalytical 'research' requires as opposed to the short cuts of psychotherapy. Jean-Claude Rolland's response extends Daubech's thesis by showing how much the most practical of psychoanalytical procedures owe to Freud's most speculative flights. The third presentation, by Andr Beetschen, explores how much the curative process owes to unpleasure. Catherine Chabert responds by adding the 'melancholic' model to the neurotic one in an attempt to capture the full complexity of the notion of unpleasure. These Exchanges are framed by two other contributions. One, by Daniel Widlçcher, short but dense, elaborates on Freud's metaphorical distinction between the 'copper' of psychotherapy and the 'pure gold' of psycho-


We develop a theory for the width of the proton resonance lines of the water molecules in zeolites. It is based on a model in which the angular migrations of the H — H bond are governed by a diffusion equation. This model leads us to consider an equation of the Fokker-Planck type, which is solved in a " prefered direction " approximation. Our calculated results are in agreement with experimental ones.


Abstract : A two-part study was completed to produce a carefully controlled replenishment system and to determine the useful chemical life of three gallons of processing solutions. Part 1 indicated when the first replenishment should be completed. Part 2 showed that, by using smaller volumes of solutions in smaller tanks and by using the surplus volume for regular replenishment, three gallons of solution could satisfactorily process more than 25,000 equivalent periapical films. Visual clinical judgments have shown that radiographs are still acceptable beyond the point at which the densitometry readings indicate a more rapid decline in the chemical activity of the solutions.


The present work deals with the molecular weight distribution in polyvinyl acetate, a synthetic polymer, determined by the technique of fractionation by selective adsorption onto activated carbon. The different variables in the process of selective adsorption of smaller molecules are studied in detail. The critical factors influencing the selectivity of adsorption are adsorbent to polymer ratio and initial concentration of polymer in solution. Sharp fractions are obtained by the technique of elution of adsorbed polymer from the adsorbent with a suitable solvent. The adsorption of polymer from the solution phase onto adsorbent depends on the polymer-solvent system. The viscosity behavior of PVAc at high dilutions is studied, and it is suggested, that the extension and disentanglement of polymer chains at high dilutions depend upon the solvent used.


Subtitle: There has been a growing and well-documented shortfall of container terminal capacity in relation to demand in the UK. However, some major infrastructure and equipment investment programmes which now have the green light should help address this issue over the next few years.


Nowadays, one of the main challenges of electrical distribution companies is becoming part of the era of intelligent networks with computer systems developed in parallel with the electrical needs to obtain the entire distribution network simulations and models. The concept of automation must be implemented to carry out the planning, operation, and optimization processes of the behavior of the distribution networks. Thanks to this development, since 2004, the implementation of the simulation and the CYMDIST modeling system in Ecuador's electrical companies has been possible; nevertheless, with certain dynamic limitations in real-time. Therefore, this document presents the development of an interface that integrates the RT-LAB real-time simulation software to the CYMDIST environment, using the 34 node IEEE model. This proposed integration model will allow evaluating and validating the correct communication between the computer packages and examining the behavior of the proposed system under certain test scenarios that guarantee optimal performance by performing a load flow analysis that provides magnitude and angle values both in voltage and current. The results obtained were very close in levels of precision of the model, and it can be appreciated employing the proposed graphical interface. Furthermore, with this investigation, the possibility remains open for future investigations in which it is complemented with more detailed and complex analyzes. Keywords— CYMDIST; RT-LAB; simulations; real-time; interface; communication. Manuscript received 12 Oct. 2020; revised 10 Mar. 2021; accepted 11 Apr. 2021. Date of publication 31 Dec. 2021. IJASEIT is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License.


Context: Thrombophilia is an inherited or acquired predisposition in developing thrombosis. The two common thrombophilia polymorphisms are factor V Leiden (FVL) and factor II/ prothrombin G20210A (PT) gene mutations which can contribute to negative pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage, in-vitro fertilization (IVF) failure, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), placental abruption, stillbirth, and pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism. This review study sought to describe the effects of FVL and PT mutations on pregnancy complications. Evidence Acquisition: In this review study, a comprehensive search was performed on Iranian and international databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Proquest and Google Scholar for articles published during 1996-2018. Out of 220 reviewed articles, 80 papers were ultimately selected. Results: According to these 80 selected papers, the possible relations of PT and FVL with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) have been widely evaluated. Several studies indicated higher risk of recurrent early miscarriages, implantation failure and fetal loss after IVF among women with FVL and PT mutations. Conclusion: Observational studies have suggested the benefits of screening patients for thrombophilic polymorphisms in identification of women with higher risk of developing thromboembolic events and other related pregnancy complications. Based on such screening programs, prophylactic therapy can be limited to a selected group of women who truly need it.


High-value care is a strategic priority of major academic and medical organizations.1 One of the greatest challenges training programs face is fostering practice patterns in young physicians that avoid tests and treatments of dubious value. We now have high-quality curricula and elegant campaigns to help residents grapple with a previously neglected notion: that much of what we do in medicine is wasteful and sometimes harmful. This formal curriculum is essential to signal new values, start conversations, and redefine what a great physician does. But it is not enough. Medical students and residents are in a formative stage of their professional development where their attitudes and behaviors are shaped less by PowerPoint or posters and more by the actions of their supervisors and peers (the informal curriculum).2 For attending physicians who oversee residents' medical decision making on inpatient services, this forces an uncomfortable reality: residents cannot learn how to deliver cost-conscious medicine if it is not being practiced where they are being trained. Attending physicians have a responsibility not only to talk the talk but also to walk the walk if we hope to help create a generation of physicians who come to understand that the best doctors are often defined by restraint rather than action. Over the past year, I have tried to guide my inpatient teams to do less than we are normally inclined to do. It has been challenging at times, but the experience has convinced me that modeling high-value care is the most effective way to teach it.


In this paper, we propose an energy efficient scheme that helps to choose, adaptively, the number of Message Authentication Codes required to be attached to a data report being forwarded to the base station in probabilistic data filtering scheme. The proposed scheme achieves greater energy conservation and increased network operational time in the presence of the fabricated report and false vote generation attacks.


The world of IoT (Internet of Things) and IoT usability has been experienced an explosive development in the last few years. Several solutions have been used to overcome the different requirements for IoT applications based on already existing technologies e.g.: cellular networks, RFID, etc., whilst giving rise to a technology called dedicated IoT networks (SigFox, LoRa, Weightless Ingenu, etc.). Also, IoT usage area has been increased from smart grid networks to smart cities, healthcare or smart wear usage and even to IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) applications. Nowadays the usage capabilities can hardly be localized with boundaries always newer and newer ideas are coming. This paper gives some hint why new technologies are evolved, what are their limitations with also giving an insight of the most prevalent security vulnerabilities for IoT networks and the analysis for the above-mentioned technologies respect to them.


Sequential consistency is a multiprocessor memory model of both practical and theoretical importance. Unfortunately, the general problem of verifying that a finite-state protocol implements sequential consistency is undecidable, and in practice, validating that a real-world, finite-state protocol implements sequential consistency is very time-consuming and costly. In this work, we show that for memory protocols that occur in practice, a small amount of manual effort can reduce the problem of verifying sequential consistency into a verification task that can be discharged automatically via model checking. Furthermore, we present experimental results on a substantial, directory-based cache coherence protocol, which demonstrate the practicality of our approach.


PURPOSE: An emoticon and avatar interconnection method and a system for the same are provided to interconnect an emoticon, input during a chatting to an avatar for making the other side effectively recognize an intention by changing looks of the avatar according to the emoticon. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises a chatting server(100), an emoticon server(105), an avatar server(110), and a central controller(250). The emoticon server(105) includes an emoticon search module(200), an emoticon extractor(205), an emoticon recognizer(210), and an emoticon database(215). The emoticon search module(200) searches for an emoticon included in chatting contents input by a client by referring to the emoticon database(215). The emoticon extractor(205) extracts the searched emoticon from the chatting contents, and transmits it to the emoticon recognizer(210). The emoticon recognizer recognizes a meaning of the extracted emoticon by referring to the database(215). The avatar server(110) includes an emoticon interconnecting module(220), an avatar image extractor(225), an avatar image application module(230), an avatar controller(235), an avatar image database(240), and a registered avatar database(245). The emoticon interconnecting module(220) receives the meaning of the emoticon from the emoticon recognizer(210), and transmits it to the avatar image extractor(225). The avatar image extractor(225) extracts avatar images, corresponding to the meaning of the emoticon, from the avatar database(240).


W are living in a unique time in economic history. The American and global economies have just been tested by a severe financial crisis, what analysts are calling the worse shock to our financial system since the Great Depression. The financial crisis only adds to other challenging concerns of the day—worries such as income inequality, global environmental degradation from our production processes, the controversies of international trade, and polarized political decision-making. Workers are also expressing the desire for more meaningful work.


In the world of everyday changing wireless communication systems, it is difficult to extend hardware-based test-beds which can reflect constant changes in the technology. Emulation, which is an alternative method to evaluate the services in realtime, lacks in accuracy as the scale of the network increases. In this paper, we present the scalability analysis of the open-source discrete event emulator NS-3 and demonstrate its limitations under different load conditions. We, further, model the underlying radio network as an open GI/G/1 queuing network with nonexponential service time and inter-arrival time distributions to present theoretical analysis of the system. Theoretical results give a trustworthiness indicator and provide a measure of divergence between emulated and analytical results. We use Percentage of Accuracy (PoA) as the measuring parameter of accuracy of emulation results with respect to theoretical results. We also conduct a small test-bed based experiment and compare the results of the same with that of the emulator. Test-bed results help us to tune the parameters of the emulator, so that better emulation accuracy can be obtained.


In this paper we intend to reflect on the changes induced by the construction of the Sobradinho Dam in the way of life of the beradera families that were deterritorialized by it, whose reterritorialization was between the municipalities of Sobradinho and Sento Sé. We emphasized, mainly, the transformations by the process of productive specialization in onion plantations. In the process of construction of the research we mobilized a set of techniques of the qualitative methodology, namely semi-structured interviews, document analysis and ethnographic incursions. Among the main changes found, we highlight both the changes in the relationship of families with time, which was conditioned by the procedures to be followed during the onion crop production cycle, as well as the relationship with the environment, which were mediated by indiscriminate use of pesticides.


The underlying idea behind the classical Lévêque problem was to provide a simple asymptotic solution for the incipient development of the mass (heat) boundary layer flow in a round tube. Inspired by physical concepts, Lévêque assumed that the hydrodynamic boundary layer was confined to a thin annular region near the tube wall so that the fluid velocity varied linearly with y = R − r, y being the distance measured from the wall. The present article addresses the Lévêque problem from a mathematical perspective, adhering to the original concentration conservation equation in cylindrical coordinates continually without making any hydrodynamic assumptions a priori. The approximate solution procedure to be pursued here combines the transversal method of lines (TMOL) with the Fröbenius power series method. The quality of the local and global mass transfer results obtained with the new TMOL/Fröbenius methodology surpasses the quality of the counterpart results determined by the traditional Lévêque approach.


Partial-discharging (PD) test is one of the most effective methods for insulation diagnosis. Because of the advantages of ultra-high frequency (UHF) electromagnetic wave, UHF signals radiated by PD have been widely used to locate faults on power equipment. Time delay estimation is not only on the basis of the PD localization algorithm, but is also the key in determining the localization accuracy. Currently, common methods are the threshold value method, energy accumulation method, and the cross-correlation analysis method, etc. However, field signals always include a variety of unknown noises, so common methods cannot be effective enough. This paper proposes time delay estimation algorithms based on four-order cumulant and bispectrum, and gives their computational realization. These algorithms have a prominent advantage of being insensitive to Gaussian noises with unknown correlation properties. The time delay of simulated UHF signals with Gaussian noises and fixed-frequency interference is estimated by the given algorithms. Numerical robustness of the algorithms is verified. Finally, time delays of field UHF signals received by UHF antennas are estimated, and then substituting the sequence of time delay estimations into the localization equations based on the time difference and 3-D coordinate of the PD source can be calculated accurately. The effectiveness and practicability of this algorithm are verified.


OBJECTIVE
To identify bacterial strains with the inhibitory activity to rice pathogens, and to evaluate their potentials for the development of new biopesticides.

METHODS
Rice rhizosphere Pseudomonas strains were isolated using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid as the sole carbon source. Strain PA1201 was further identified through morphological analysis, biochemical characterization, 16S rDNA sequence analysis and phospholipid fatty acid profiling. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the production of the green pesticide Shenqinmycin as well as phenazine-1-carboxamide produced by PA1201 was done by HPLC. Cytotoxicity of PA1201 was evaluated using human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 and Drosophila melanogaster as hosts.

RESULTS
Strain PA1201 inhibited Rhizotonia solani Kuhn and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agents of rice sheath blight and bacterial blight, respectively. It was further identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1201, which produces shenqinmycin and phenazine-1-carboxamide. The fermentation titer of shenqinmycin and phenazine-1-carboxamide in the PPM medium was 81.7 mg/L and 18. 1 mg/L, respectively. In the medium supplemented with soybean meal and corn steep liquor, the level of shenqinmycin and phenazine-1-carboxamide reached 926. 9 mg/L and 489. 5 mg/L. PA1201 also produced high level of extracellular protease and was toxic to human cell line and fruit fly.

CONCLUSION
Strain PA1201 could be engineered for higher yield of Shenqinmycin or for a new biopesticide.


The construction industry represents a significant share of the economy for any country. Nevertheless, it is considered a dangerous industry, where the level of injuries and deaths is generally high compared to other industries. As a result, it becomes important to maintain adequate levels of safety performance on construction sites, and this can be promoted by raising the safety climate amongst the construction industry personnel. This research study aimed to identifying the factors influencing the safety climate in the construction industry. A literature review was the main method of data collection, and only journals included on the Web of Science platform were considered in the process of identifying key factors. As a result, 18 factors were identified and grouped into management related safety climate factors, and worker-related safety climate factors. In conclusion, it was found that the organization's management team had the greatest influence on safety climate; thus, they are considered accountable for safety measures as a result.


Digital related businesses are growing significantly and globally and, increasing 20% on average from 2014 to 2020;it is dominated by new rising startups based in Silicon Valley. The financing model implemented by those startups uses Venture Capital (VC) model. There are a lot of numbers of VC in the world performing a fund rising investing on new startups.Big corporates also participate in investing on those startups using subsidiary company acting as a Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) vehicle that managesthe fund from the parent company. Since 2014, CVC has become the major leading investors in many venture transactions with a big share of venture pie. Venturing is a risky business with a high failure rate and big money involved, but the higher risk at stake will give the higher possibilities of gaining for the company. Big corporates that have strategies on investing by using merger and acquisition models will face difficulties when they invest in this kind of high-risk business. Traditional approaches and thresholds from existing investment models will not match the nature of this business and should be changed by using the venturing scheme. This research explores the change and shift behavior of organization starting from the big corporates to corporate venture capital when they are doing investment using CVC as a venturing vehicle.


A unique microbial community exists on upper leaf surfaces because strong irradiation by the sun restricts and selects growing micro‐organisms. The micro‐organisms on plant aerial parts are possibly able to control plant pathogens and to promote plant growth as do some of the micro‐organisms on plant roots. Sphingomonas species on plant tissues (seed, leaf and flower) were detected and enumerated by the amplification of a specific part of the small subunit rRNA gene. Sphingomonads were found on 26 plant species belonging to 11 families. The maximum population number of Sphingomonas was 108 g−1 (wet weight) plant tissue. The maximum population ratio of Sphingomonas to the total aerobic bacteria was 58% when it was counted on glucose‐nutrient agar plates. Consistent differences in population number and population ratio were not found among seeds, leaves and flowers. The role of sphingomonads on plant aerial parts is discussed.


SUMMARY Applications of thin-layer chromatography and high-performance thin-layer chromatography for the separation, detection, and qualitative and quantitative determination of pesticides, other agrochemicals, and related compounds are reviewed for the period mid-2000 to mid-2004. Analyses are covered for a variety of samples, such as food, crops, biological, environmental, pharmaceuticals, and formulations, and for residues of pesticides of various types, including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, belonging to different chemical classes. In addition to references on residue analysis, studies of pesticide–structure relationships, metabolism, degradation, adsorption, uptake, dissipation, mobility, and lipophilicity are covered, many of which make use of thin-layer radiochromatography.


• Labour is an emotional experience and involves both physiological and psychological mechanisms. • The pain of labour is severe but despite this its memory diminishes with time. • Labour pain has two components: visceral pain which occurs during the early first stage and the second stage of childbirth, and somatic pain which occurs during the late first stage and the second stage. • The pain of labour in the first stage is mediated by T10 to L1 spinal segments, whereas that in the second stage is carried by T12 to L1, and S2 to S4 spinal segments. • Pain relief in labour is complex and often challenging without regional analgesia. • Effective management of labour pain plays a relatively minor role in a woman's satisfaction with childbirth.


The issues of manufacturing technology of Schottky diodes based on promising compounds A2B6 and their current-voltage characteristics for metallic contacts of Ni, Pt, Pd are discussed. The current-voltage characteristics of experimental samples of photodiodes based on ZnSe under the influence of optical radiation are shown. It was found that the sensitivity of the diodes with platinum contacts is 2–3 times higher than the diodes with contacts made of nickel and palladium under UV irradiation. The analysis of collection efficiency of nonequilibrium carriers in the compounds of ZnSe, ZnTe, CdSe, CdTe is presented.


Innovation in technology is advancing by the day. As a latest and useful technology, augmented reality (AR) is drawing and getting attention from every sectors such as marketing, engagement, and user experience. Augment reality (AR) has become a recent trend for modern marketing. Marketers nowadays invest money and time in creation of new digital marketing platform for connected consumers. In this chapter, the researcher aims to discuss the impact of augmented reality advertisement on changing customer attitude towards brands. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the impact of AR advertising on customer engagement and enhance user experience. Furthermore, this research has pinpointed the impact of augmented reality advertisement on cognitive, affective, and behavioural engagement.


Abstract We present a control scheme for a parabolic trough power plant that is equipped with a molten salt thermal energy storage system. We show that the multivariable control problem for the solar field can be decoupled by controlling the three way valve that splits the heat transfer fluid between the storage system and the steam generator. The steam generation cycle is regulated with inlet pressure control. The subsystems of the plant are modeled based on first principles, where we focus on the steam generation cycle. A multi-group extraction turbine with pre- and reheater is considered, which is suitable for solar power plants. We demonstrate the benefits of the proposed control scheme with a day-to-day simulation.


Objectives: Though FNAB of salivary gland tumours are well known, FNAB of sialadenitis, especially the chronic follicular ones is suprising, as there is not a cummulated detailed data. Methods and results: A 54 years old female admitted to otorhinolaryngology clinics with a swelling on the right parotideal site. On palpation a 2 cm hard, nodular mass detected and FNAB was performed for the diagnosis. Interpretation of FNAB revealed an uniform small volumed epithelial cell population intermixed with reactive lymphoid cells. So the cytologic diagnosis was a reactive intraparotideal lymph node or monomorphic adenoma with lymhoid component like Warthin's tumor. Frozen section was concluded in behalf of Warthin's tumor. Parafin sections revealed a chronic follicular sialadenitis. Conclusion: Chronic salivary gland infections, especially the follicular ones may mimic monomorphic adenomas such as Warthin's tumor on FNAB. Chronic inflammatory processes should be kept on mind in differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumors on FNAB.


Purpose: Although CTDI was designed to characterize CT scanner performance, it is often used to estimate patient dose. This study uses voxelized patient models based on actual patient anatomy and Monte Carlo based MDCT simulations to answer the question: how well does CTDI predict patient organdose?Method and Materials: 26 voxelized models of female anatomy of various sizes were created from clinical CT data. Breast tissue was contoured by a radiologist and glandular and lungtissues automatically segmented. A previously validated Monte Carlo model of an MDCT scanner was used taking into account source spectra, filtration, collimation, and geometry. Two fixed mA clinical acquisition protocols were simulated: Chest CT and retrospectively gated coronary CTA. For each exam, doses were calculated for breast and lungtissues, and compared to CTDIvol (=CTDIw/pitch), CTDI100center/pitch, and CTDI100periphery/pitch. Percent difference between each CTDI value and organdose was calculated and the mean of these differences was reported. Results: For the Chest CT Protocol: CTDIvol measurements differ from breast and lungdose by an average of 84% and 52% respectively. CTDIperiphery/pitch differs from breast and lungdose by an average of 117% and 80% respectively; CTDIcenter/pitch differs from breast and lungdose by an average of 18% and 3% respectively. For the CTA Protocol: CTDIvol measurements differ from breast and lungdose by an average of 34% and 16% respectively. CTDIperiphery/pitch differs from breast dose and lungdose by an average of 58% and 37% respectively; CTDIcenter/pitch differs from breast and lungdose by an average of 15% and 26% respectively. Conclusion:CTDIvol generally overestimates organdose, while CTDIcenter /pitch provides better estimates of organdose;Organdose is affected by patient size (i.e. perimeter); therefore, future work will look into the possibility of scaling CTDI measurements to estimate organdose based on patient size.


Objective A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare chemoradiotherapy against radiotherapy alone in the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Between April 2000 and April 2001,84 patients with histologically proven advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were radiotherapy alone(RT group) and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy(combination group).There was fourty-two patients in each group.All patients received radical radiotherapy to the nasopharynx and neck.Planned RT was 2 Gy/day fraction to 70 Gy to the primary tumor,with 50 and 70 Gy to the node negative and to palpable nodes,respectively.The combination group received two cycles of induction chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil before radical radiotherapy, and four cycles of postradiotherapy chemotherapy.Results The overall response rate to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 85.7%.The overall complete response rate to chemoradiotherapy was 90.5%,and to radiotherapy alone,71.4%.At a follow-up of 5 years,23.8% of patients in combination group and 47.6% in RT group developed distant metastases.Time of distant metastases was 20.4 months in combination group and 7.9 months in combination group.The 5-year disease-free survival rates were higher in combination group.This finding was statistically significant(all P0.05).The 5-year overall survival rates were not significantly different between the two arms(P0.05).There were not serious toxicities in the two arms.Conclusion Chemotherapy with DDP and 5-FU in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma can improve overall response rate and disease-free survival rates.The overall survival was not significant benefit.This regimen was well tolerated.Induction chemotherapy followed by alternating chemo-radiotherapy is feasible and worth to be recommended in clinic.


In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid automatic gain control (AGC) algorithm as a solution to improve the signal reception performance based on the IEEE 802.15.4a chirp spread spectrum (CSS). The CSS signals are composed of a number of full-chirps, which are separated by long guard time. A full-chirp is composed of two low-band sub-chirps and two high-band sub-chirps whose frequency characteristics are different because of multipath fading in indoor environment. Due to long guard time and wideband properties of the CSS, it is not appropriate to make use of conventional AGC algorithm which only uses one window size in order to estimate the power of signal and regardless of the different bands. The proposed hybrid AGC algorithm is made up of two steps: the first step is synthetically to utilize large window size and small window size, simultaneously improving performance of adaptation time and stability; the second step is based on two AGCs which are designed to be matched well with low-band and high-band signals separately.


Ideological and political education was put into practice for college students since 2017 in all professional courses and practical courses. In this study, 138 college students from colleges students majoring in the applied chemistry are selected as the research objects, with an average age an age range of 17-23 years. The post-graduate enrollment rate, the innovation and entrepreneurship training program, the papers published and authorized patents of students and the awards of subject contest of students in recent four years were counted and analyzed. The results effectively prove that ideological and political education can help to improve the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship for science and engineering students in colleges.


In this work the Monte Carlo method with an empirical potential model for atomic interactions is applied to study reconstruction and intermixing at a Ge-covered Si(001) surface. We investigate the structure and energetics of the $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}n$ reconstruction which serves as a strain-relief mechanism. The optimal value of n is found to be strongly dependent on the thickness of the Ge overlayer. Si-Ge intermixing is studied using a direct simulation method which includes entropic effects. Ge occupation probabilities in subsurface layers are evaluated as a function of Ge coverage at different temperatures. The results show that strain-relief driven intermixing has a pronounced effect on the surface reconstruction once the Ge coverage reaches a full layer. We also evaluate the effect of temperature on the distribution of Ge in subsurface layers and discuss effects due to kinetic limitations. In agreement with experiments, the study provides a description of the interplay between reconstruction and intermixing at Ge-covered Si(001).


After drawing a polymeric covering smelt on a steel pipe the product is exposed to intensive cooling from an external surface which is carried out by an irrigation by water from a tray. Process of cooling of polymer is accompanied essential compression superficial layers while internal layers remain in a plastic condition. Compression it is caused by increase of density of polymer with reduction of temperature. Compression coverings can lead to occurrence of the pressure exceeding strength and to destruction on a surface. As a temperature field in a covering nonstationary also temperature pressure change in time. Is of interest to analyses change of pressure in a polymeric covering during cooling.


The daikon leaf beetle,Phaedon brassicae,is an important insect pest of cruciferous vegetables in South China.It is typically controlled by synthetic insecticides.A search was made for alternative control methods,and diseased daikon leaf beetles were collected and screened for potentially useful pathogens.A Beauveria bassiana isolate,SCAU-BB01D,originally derived from P.brassicae adults was found to infect all stages of the beetle under laboratory conditions.The pathogenicity of the isolate was investigated by immersing P.brassicae larvae and adults into serial dilutions of B.bassiana(10~5—10~8 conidia/ml).The highest concentration(10~8 conidia/ml) treatment caused an adult mortality of 84.7% on day 14,and larval mortalities of 94.0%,96.0%,and 81.0% for instars I, Ⅱ,Ⅲ on day 10,respectively.A time-dose-mortality model was used to analyze the bioassay data and the model fitted the data well,resulting in parameters for estimating the time and dose effects.The LC_(50) values of instar Ⅰ—Ⅲ and adult were 1.07×10~6,1.63×10~5,and 8.31×10~6,2.68×10~7 conidia/ml,respectively,on day 10 after treatment.The LC_(50) value on day 14 was 2.38×10~6 conidia/ml for adults.The lethal time for the isolate on P.brassicae varied with the insect stage.At a concentration of 10~8 conidia/ml,the LT_(50) values of the isolate against adult and instar I,instar Ⅱ,and instar Ⅲ larvae were 9.28,4.29,4.40 and 5.06 d,respectively.The results indicated the potential of the isolate for use in microbial control of P.brassicae.


The Fourier integral method was used in this work to determine the stress fields in a two dimensional (2D) elastic soil mass of semi-infinite extent subject to line and strip loads of uniform intensity acting on the boundary. The two dimensional plane strain problem was formulated using stress-based method. The Fourier integral was used to transform the biharmonic stress compatibility equation to a fourth order linear ordinary differential equation (ODE) in terms of the stress function. The ODE was solved subject to the boundedness condition to obtain the bounded stress function. Cartesian stress components were obtained using the Love stress functions. Application of the stress boundary conditions for the case of line load of uniform intensity and the cases of uniformly distributed load on a strip of finite width gave the respective unknown constants of the Love stress functions; and hence the complete determination of the Cartesian stress components for the two cases considered. Inversion of the Fourier integral expressions obtained for the normal and shear stresses in the Fourier parameter gave respective expressions for the normal and shear stress fields for line and finite strip loads of finite width in the physical domain variables. The results obtained agreed with the results from previous studies which used displacement based methods.


In the article by S. Shibata, O. Carrier, Jr. and J. Frankenheim, Vol. 160, No. 1, March 1968, the following corrections should be noted. For table 2, p. 108, the title should read: Total tissue calcium content of taenia coli after chlorpromazine inhibition of potassium and acetylcholine contraction. In table 3, p. 109, the concentration of phenoxybenzamine should read 10 -4 M in every case, instead of 10 -6 M, except for the second phenoxybenzamine concentration given under KCl, which appears correctly as 10 -6 M.


In this project, two newly developed refrigerants, R1234yf and R1234ze have been studied as promising drop-in replacements for the common high global warming potential refrigerants. In view of that, thermodynamic and transport properties of new refrigerants were obtained by RefProp version 7.01 to study and compare their cycle performances with current refrigerants. Furthermore, their environmental and safety aspects have been studied in order to predict probable risks and suitable preparations in different applications. Basic cycle data of both new refrigerants have been calculated for most commonly used condensing and evaporating temperatures. According to evaluation of these tables, both refrigerants generally have comparable COP and volumetric cooling capacity with R134a for an isentropic compression. As the final phase of the project, drop-in experiment was carried out in a refrigeration cycle consists of two plate heat exchangers and one electrical heater which was placed in the brine loop. Experimentation was operated first by R134a and continued by R1234yf with 10 different brine heat loads at two condensing temperatures of 30°C and 40°C. Subsequently, cycle performance and heat transfer coefficients of R134a and R1234yf were evaluated. Experimental results in heat exchangers were compared with those concluded from theoretical correlations. Outcomes of measurements demonstrate R134a has respectively 2-9.2% and 4.4-15 % higher COP as well as 0-3% and 0-3.8 % higher volumetric cooling capacity than R1234yf at condensing temperatures of 30°C and 40°C. For calculating heat transfer coefficients of the refrigerants two approaches have been considered. At first approach, modified Wilson plot method has been applied and at the other method, heat transfer coefficient of the secondary refrigerant was evaluated by Talik et al. correlation and subsequently heat transfer coefficients of the refrigerants were computed. Results from the measured data indicate R134a has higher heat transfer coefficients than R1234yf by 4-12% and 9-36% at condenser temperature of 30oC and 40oC respectively. At the condenser, observations were in agreement with the theoretical correlation and R1234yf had roughly 25% lower overall heat transfer coefficients than R134a.


Linac4 cesiated surface H− sources are routinely operated for the commissioning of the CERN's Linac4 and on an ion source test stand. Stable current of 40-50 mA are achieved but the transmission through the LEBT of 80% was below expectations and triggered additional beam simulation and characterization. The H− beam profile is not Gaussian and emittance measurements are larger than simulation. The status of ongoing development work is described; 36 mA H− and 20 mA D− beams were produced with a 5.5 mm aperture cesiated surface ion source. The emittances measured at the test stand are presented. During a preliminary test, the Linac4 proton source delivered a total beam intensity of 70 mA (p, H2+, H3+).


Background The SAPHO syndrome (Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis and Osteitis) is an disease entity with chronic inflammatory osteoarticular symptoms and typical dermatological lesions. Pediatric SAPHO is regarded as equivalent of Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO) or Chronic Non-bacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO). There have already been several pediatric SAPHO cohorts about Caucasian populations. No Chinese cohorts have been reported. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical features and treatment for all pediatric SAPHO patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH, Beijing, China) Methods We conducted a single-centered non-intervention retrospective study of 24 pediatric SAPHO patients who were diagnosed with Khan's modified criteria in PUMCH from April 2014 to August 2018 [1]. The demographic (sex, age, onset age, follow-up years), clinical (bone and skin symptoms), laboratory (ESR, CRP, HLA-B27, ANA, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α), imaging (CT, MRI, bone scintigraphy), histologic (lymphocytic, granulocytic) and treatment (medications and effect) data were collected. Results Detailed information of 15 male and 9 female was available. The mean ± SD age at onset of bone and skin symptoms was 11.7 ± 3.8 and 14.4 ± 2.7 years, respectively. The duration of follow-up was 19.2 ± 15.2 months. 17 (71%) patients had skin manifestations (46% Severe Acne, all male; 21% Palmoplantar Pustulosis, all female; 4% psoriasis). Involvement of bone lesions varied (42% anterior chest wall, 29% mandible, 50% peripheral bones, 21% spinal bones). ESR, CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 was elevated in 88%, 96%, 50%, 71%, 70% patients, respectively. 11 did bone biopsy (6 dominantly lymphocytic, 3 granulocytic, 2 both). CT, MRI and bone scintigraphy were performed in 79%, 96%, 96% patients, respectively. A total of 6 patients have been treated with NSAIDs, 10 with bisphosphonate, 10 with TNF-α antagonist, 1 with Glucocorticoids, with a variable response. 70% patients showed complete remission after bisphosphonate or TNF-α antagonist therapy.Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 24 pediatric SAPHO patients Skin manifestation 17/24 (71%) Severe acne (M/F) 11/0 PPP (M/F) 0/5 None (M/F) 3/4 Psoriasis (M/F) 0/1 Nonspecific rash (M/F) 1/0 Bone manifestation 24/24(100%) Pain 24 (100%) Swelling 17 (71%) Restricted function 19 (79%)Table 2 Effect of different treating choices for 24 pediatric SAPHO patients Medications Remission Partial response No response Total NSAIDs 3 3 0 6/24 Bisphosphonates 7 2 1 10/24 TNF-α antagonist 7 3 0 10/24 Glucocorticoids 0 1 0 1/24 Conclusion This is the first Chinese cohort of pediatric SAPHO patients. Their bone lesions could be divided into 4 types, anterior chest wall, mandible, peripheral bones and spinal bones. We also provide evidence that bisphosphonate and TNF-α antagonist are useful for pediatric SAPHO treatment. References [1] Hayem G. SAPHO syndrome. Rev Prat. 2004;54(15):1635–6. Disclosure of Interests None declared


197 1. Bony lesions of early congenital syphilis consist of all except: A. Pseudoparalysis B. Pseudoarthrosis C. Periostitis D. Osteochondritis 2. False about mulberry molars is: A. These are lower first molars B. These are peg‐shaped C. They are more prone to caries D. Cusps are ill‐developed 3. One of the following is not a sign of congenital syphilis: A. Wimberger's sign B. Hutchison's sign C. Higoumenaki's sign D. None of the above 4. In a case of an asymptomatic infant having titer of 1:4 and normal CSF findings, born to a mother, having a VDRL titer of 1:64, who has no documentation of being treated during pregnancy, The preferred regimen would be: A. Benzathine penicillin 50,000 U/kg/dose IM single dose B. Procaine penicillin G 50,000 U/kg/dose IM single dose C. Aqueous crystalline penicillin G 1 lac‐1.5 lac U/kg/day single dose D. None of the above 5. All of the following can cause postpartum endometritis except: A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae B. Group‐B Streptococci C. Gardnerella vaginalis D. Treponema pallidum 6. Chorioamnionitis is not caused by: A. HSV B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae C. Mycoplasma hominis D. Gardnerella vaginalis 7. TORCH syndrome does not include: A. HSV B. CMV C. HBV D. HIV 8. Most common complication of gonorrhea infection in pregnancy is: A. Perinatal mortality B. Premature rupture of membranes C. Spontaneous abortions D. Postpartum endometritis 9. The recommended treatment for Ophthalmia neonatorum caused by gonococcal infection is: A. Cefotaxime 25 mg/kg IV single dose B. Ceftriaxone 25‐50 mg/kg IV single dose C. Spectinomycin 2 g IM single dose D. Benzathine penicillin G 50,000 U/kg single dose IM 10. The recommended current CDC guidelines for the treatment of Chlamydial infection during pregnancy is: A. Azithromycin 1 g oral single dose B. Amoxicillin 500 mg TDS for 5 days C. Erythromycin 500 mg TDS for 7 days D. None of the above


Sponsored by the State Family Planning Commission, the International Seminar on the 1980 Sampling Survey on Fertility and Contraception of China was held from 26 to 29 August 1991 in Beijing. More than 70 participants from China, the US, Sweden, India, and Pakistan attended the seminar. State Councillor Li Tieying, Peng Peiyun, minister of the State Family Planning Commission, Liu Zheng, President of the China Population Association, Stirling Scruggs, country director of UNFPA Beijing Office, and Dr. Bernard P. Kean, Representative of WHO in China, and many others were present at the opening ceremony. The survey obtained specific and accurate data on China's population and family planning status, including some indicators that were listed as survey items for the 1st time, which attracted the attention of the experts and scholars in population research and FP management personnel both in China and abroad. Participants in the seminar presented more than 50 papers. They exchanged research findings in the past 3 years and evaluated China's population status and family planning program. Peng Peiyun pointed out that "in order to do better work in family planning, we need to pursue 2 paths. First, we must improve family planning services through the longterm meticulous and painstaking education, so as to increase the conscientiousness and activity of the people for the implementation of family planning. Second, we need to strengthen the scientific research in the field of family planning so as to make the family planning work of China more scientific." She added that the seminar "will surely achieve fruitful results in the field of demography and promote family planning in China and make contributions to the study of the world's population." China's National Sampling Survey on Fertility and Contraception was sponsored by the STate Family Planning Commission in 1988 together with the State Statistical Bureau and others. The survey is a large scale one centered on the birth history and the history of contraception by women. The size of samples for this survey covers a population of 2.15 million, which accounts for 2/1000 of the national total on the mainland of China. The samples are distributed over the 30 provinces.


In order to continue studies already done in the area of mapping the cerebral vascularization of Cebus paella and taking into consideration the resemblance of this animal with other primates described, humans included, we studied the morphology of the superior cerebellar arteries determined to perfuse the superior surface of the cerebellum. Fifty-seven cerebellar hemispheres were injected with stained latex, fixed in 10% formol solution and dissected under light mesoscopy. The superior cerebellar arteries are symmetrical in 84,21% and asymmetrical in 7,01%, and give off four branches, one to the mesencephalon and three mains branches to the upper surface of the cerebellum and its anterior portion. These arteries end in the posterior superior or post-semilunar fissure, after giving off many collaterals of decreasing diameter


Homogeneous gravitational wave backgrounds arise as infinite momentum limits of many geometries with a well-understood holographic description. General global aspects of these geometries are discussed. Using exact CFT techniques, strings in pp-wave backgrounds supported by a Neveu-Schwarz flux are quantized. As in Euclidean $AdS_3$, spectral flow and associated long strings are shown to be crucial in obtaining a complete spectrum. Holography is investigated using conformally flat coordinates analogous to those of the Poincar\'e patch in AdS. It is argued that the holographic direction is the light-cone coordinate $u$, and that the holographic degrees of freedom live on a codimension-one screen at fixed $u$. The usual conformal symmetry on the boundary is replaced by a representation of a Heisenberg-type algebra $H_D\times H_D$, hinting at a new class of field theories realizing this symmetry. A sample holographic computation of 2 and 3-point functions is provided and Ward identities are derived. A complementary screen at fixed $v$ is argued to be necessary in order to encode the vacuum structure.


Metasurface‐Programmable Wireless Network‐on‐Chip An artist's impression of the metasurface‐programmable wireless network‐on‐chip concept: a programmable metasurface is used to equalize wireless on‐chip channels over‐the‐air in order to wirelessly boost data exchange between computing cores. This technique may avert the risk of communication‐limited performance of multicore chips as they are scaled up further. Further details are found in article number 2201458 by Mohammadreza F. Imani, Sergi Abadal, and Philipp del Hougne.


[Author Affiliation]Taha Can Tuman. 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.Zehra Topal. 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.Nuran Demir. 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.Ozden Arisoy. 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.Sarper Taskiran. 2 Department of Psychiatry, Koc University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.Ali Evren Tufan. 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.Part of this case report was presented as a poster at the 6th International Congress of Psychopharmacology and the 2nd International Symposium on Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology (April 4-20, 2014, Antalya, Turkey).Address correspondence to: Evren Ali Tufan, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com the Editor:The incidence of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in infants is reported to be 1 in 3800 live births (Rogol and Hayden 2014). Growth failure caused by GH deficiency is treated with exogenous hormone replacement (Rogol and Hayden 2014). Treatment with GH in childhood is generally without serious complications, and the most common side effects reported are headaches, dizziness, joint/muscle pains, and fluid retention (Fuller and Sjatovic 2007). Here, we report a case of mood disorder with mixed features in a prepubertal child, which was thought to be possibly related to exogenous GH replacement.Case ReportThe patient was an 11-year-old male who had been brought to our department with complaints of "insomnia, talkativeness, increased energy, and spending." He was inattentive, hyperactive, and euphoric, and it was reported that "he felt he could do anything." Upon questioning, it was learned that the complaints had been present continuously for the past 3 months. The patient's grades had suffered, and within the past month he had verbalized suicidal ideations to his teachers. Mental status examination revealed auditory hallucinations, and grandiose delusions alternating with depressive ruminations and limited insight.Past medical and psychiatric history were unremarkable, except growth failure that had led to a referral to the pediatrics department 4 months earlier. The patient was diagnosed with GH deficiency, and somatropin injections (0.5 mg/day) had been commenced 3 months earlier and titrated to 0.7 mg/day in the past month. Apart from mild inattention and irritability, no distinct depressive episode had been reported prior to treatment with GH. Family history was negative for psychopathology. Neurological examination ruled out papillary edema, and no signs or symptoms of intracranial hypertension were reported. Laboratory evaluations as well as electroencephalogram (EEG) were normal. Psychometric evaluation with the Childhood Mania Scale as completed by the parents revealed a score of 35 (chief complaints: auditory hallucinations, paranoid ideations, impulsivity, grandiosity, pressured speech, insomnia, increased energy, euphoria, and irritability). …


The article evaluates the efficiency of the main barley stubble for planting soybeans units: K-701 + PLN-8-40, Buhler Versatile + BDM-8, Buhler Versatile + Morris cultivator with sweeps in the two periods (immediately and at least two weeks after harvesting barley). Found that use of Buhler Versatile + Morris cultivator with sweeps in basic soil technology ensures the highest level of return (185%) and the lowest cost per ton of soybean seeds (3.86 rubles.).


Synchrotron radiation X-ray scattering is an irreplaceably important tool for the research of polymer materials.The successful completion of third-generation light source-Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF),symbolizing the entrance of China into the advanced light source club,provides a great opportunity for the development of polymer materials in China.Combined with the author's and other colleagues' works,the application of synchrotron radiation wide and small angle X-ray scattering in the polymer materials was introduced through specific cases,the unique advantages of using high brightness synchrotron radiation to carry out in situ study including polymer structure formation and evolution,as well as the relationship between structure and properties were described.Furthermore,some in situ devices and X-ray scattering data processing methods were introduced.We hope that this article can play a role in attracting more colleagues in polymer community to carry out research with synchrotron radiation.


Eleven species of Asclepiadaceae not previously recorded from Namibia are discussed. Of these. Brachystelma codonanthum Bruyns.  B. recurvatum Bruyns and Schizoglossum saccatum Bruyns are new species. The new combinations Brachystelma gymnopodum (Schltr.) Bruyns (for Ceropegia pygmaea Schinz) and B. schultzei (Schltr.) Bruyns [for  Tenaris schultzei (Schltr.) E. Phillips] are proposed and the delimitation of Brachystelma R. Br. against  Ceropegia L. and  Tenaris E. Mey. is discussed. Notes are also included on little-known species, and the species of Gomphocarpus R. Br. in Namibia are enumerated.


Patients with pressure injuries often require prolonged hospitalisation and complex multidisciplinary resources. Prevention and management of pressure injuries in acute and community settings require attention from nurses in clinical practice. Professor Violeta Lopez, Director of ACT Health Research Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Practice at the Australian National University says the centre aims to change clinical practice to decrease the prevalence and incidence of pressure injuries. Research centre staff have conducted and are working on the following projects to achieve this goal.


Advancements in distributed avionics processing imposes significant data communications requirements on next-generation aircraft. Higher performance, improved fault tolerance, and increased connectivity are needed to support such applications as the Electronic Library System, Onboard Maintenance System, and Cabin Management System. In response, the Onboard Local Area Network (OLAN) project was initiated in the ARINC Databus Subcommittee. OLAN is a networking profile based on the International Standards Organization Fiber Distributed Data Interface LAN standard. OLAN characteristics specify a subset of capabilities, and exclude any options not appropriate for use in aircraft. In this paper, the history of OLAN work is traced, the OLAN architecture is introduced, and specific OLAN protocol profiles are summarized. Finally, challenges confronting the OLAN are examined.


Chang Q. Sun,1,* Yong Shi,2 C. M. Li,3 S. Li,4 and T. C. Au Yeung1 1School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798 2East Campus, Tangshan University, Hebei Province, China 063020 3School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798 4School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW2052, Australia Received 20 September 2005; revised manuscript received 2 December 2005; published 3 February 2006


This paper investigates operational decisions and online channel mode selection for green products with an e-commerce supply chain in which the manufacturer is subject to capital constraint. Starting from a Stackelberg game framework where the platform acts as a leader, two different online channel modes applied with an e-commerce supply chain are explored for equilibria, respectively. This paper then extends to a different supply chain with a reversed channel leadership, so as to reveal how the supply chain leaderships affect the equilibriums and supply chain performance. With the analytical studies, several important and interesting insights are derived. For example, but not limited to, the following is found: (a) the equilibrium decisions of the capital-constrained supply chain highly rely on the associated interest rate but are independent of the initial capital level of the financially-constrained manufacturer; (b) the platform and the capital-constrained manufacturer act largely differently when choosing the optimal online channel mode for themselves; (c) a win-win situation benefiting two parties holds when and only when the two members choose the agency mode under certain conditions; (d) the impacts of the supply chain leaderships and online channel modes on the consumer surplus and social welfare are clearly revealed. These results derived in our paper shed lights on industrial practicer on how to effectively make such decision-making in platform economy. The members in an e-commerce supply chain can appropriately determine their decisions such as commission and slotting fee to reach a win-win situation for two parties.


Different festivals are being held following the implementation of the local autonomy system. These festivals are having significant influences on the image enhancement of the regions holding the festivasl as well as the local economic stimulation. In terms of economic, social, and cultural perspectives, festivals have positive effects on the local society and are acting as resources for new opportunities in area development. In order for the festivals to be successful, preparation and efforts are needed to enhance the satisfaction of the festival spectators. This paper derived the evaluation factors which have influence on the festival satisfaction of spectators from the planning stage and constructed a study model. Then, regression analysis was applied for suggestion to be made on the evaluation of festival satisfaction.


Repeated ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on human skin has been considered to be responsible in premature aging process because UVB has been proved to inhibit collagen deposition and accelerates collagen degradation. Clinical studies showed that topical usage of 5% α-lipoic acid (ALA) improved the clinical appearance of photoaged skin. However, the effect of ALA on collagen deposition and degradation in UVB-irradiated normal human skin fibroblasts culture has not been reported. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ALA on collagen deposition and degradation in UVB-irradiated cultured normal human skin fibroblasts. Culture of normal human skin fibroblasts were treated with 0, 125, 250, 500 μM ALA diluted in complete Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) and irradiated with 300 mJ/cm2 UVB. The mean collagen deposition and degradation's level were measured by Sirius red assay and read with spectrophotometer at λ 550 nm. Mean difference of collagen deposition as expressed by optical density (OD) between normal human skin fibroblasts cell after UVB irradiation and without UVB irradiation was analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-ranks test and Friedman test, while mean difference collagen degradation was analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t test with 95% confidence level (p 0.05). In conclusion, ALA inhibited the decrease of collagen deposition, but did not inhibit collagen degradation in UVB-irradiated normal human skin fibroblasts culture. Key words: α-lipoic acid - collagen - human skin - fibroblasts – UVB - irradiation


We present a modification to our previously reported 2f optical correlator. This modification removes a lens from the system and maintains a variable Fourier transform scale property while providing an equal correlation performance.


The results of a 2019/20 audit exploring the reasons for emergency hospital admissions among people with MS, identified urinary tract infections (UTIs) as a major reason. Consequently, the authors implemented several interventions with the aim of reducing non-elective admissions coded to UTI. This article disseminates whether the interventions implemented by the authors resulted in a reduction in non-elective UTI associated hospital admissions. The authors conducted a 12-month audit of non-elective admissions across two NHS Trusts, comparing and contrasting the data from the 2019/20 audit and national and local Hospital Episode Statistics. A reduction in non-elective admissions coded to UTI has significantly reduced across both sites, which is thought to be a consequence of the authors' proposed recommendations from the 2019/20 audit. Local data now identifies the main reasons for MS non-elective hospital admissions as respiratory issues and falls. Having raised awareness of the need to focus on improved bladder management, data now reveals further reduction in MS bladder and UTI related admissions. Further recommendations have been made, as there needs to be an increased focus on addressing improvements in both respiratory management and falls prevention.


Germination and seedlingemergence of four endangered oak species Germination and emergence of the endangered cloud forest oak species Quercus germana, Q. insignis , Q. sartorii and Q. xalapensis were observed under different light conditions (sun vs. shade) in a secondary forest fragment ( SFF ) and in a greenhouse ( GRE ). Seed weight variability was evaluated for each species and its relationship to germination and emergence determined. After 60 days, a total of 62.17% of the acorns had germinated and 37.79% had emerged in both experiments. Germination was highest in Q. sartorii (71.83% ± 2.09%), followed by Q. germana (66.33% ± 2.06%), Q. insignis (60.83% ± 2.34%) and Q. xalapensis (53.50% ± 2.32%). In the GRE , Q. insignis germination was higher under sun (62.00% ± 4.73%) than shade (48.00% ± 5.12%), whereas its emergence was the lowest (37.66% ± 3.46%) compared to other species in both light environments. In the SFF , germination and emergence only differed among species; Q. xalapensis germination was lowest (47.00% ± 3.11%) and Q. sartorii emergence was highest (58.66% ± 3.35%), compared to the other species. Acorn weight did not influence germination or emergence in any species. The implications of this study are discussed, along with recommended propagation techniques for growing oaks for forest restoration in disturbed areas.


In this paper, the suspension control of a Robot Fish with two 2-DOF pectoral fins, a caudal fin and a volume regulator is introduced. Because the diving depth of the robot fish is related to its volume and the hydrodynamic forces acting on its body, the suspension control is implemented by regulating the attack angle of pectoral fins and the volume of the robot fish body. The attack angle of pectoral fins is regulated by a fuzzy controller, and the volume of the robot fish is adjusted to a certain value according to the given depth. A dynamic model of the robot fish which specifies the robot fish's descending and ascending motions is established in this paper. The simulation results indicate that the robot fish is able to arrive at the given depth without overshoot and stay at the given depth without oscillating of fins.


This paper explores the characteristics of the intuitive responses that are generated by our brain continuously in an automatic and effortless manner. However, while intuition is a very powerful mechanism, it is also subject to many biasing influences. The author discusses the role of intuition, examines representative examples of biasing influences, compares cognitive theories of intuition advanced by Simon (2002), Klein (2003 and 1999), and Kahneman (2011), and then advances a hypothetical explanation of the neurological operations underlying intuition based on Hebbian rules (Hebb 1949) of plasticity in combination with synergetic principles.


Early research on the Holocaust was characterized by studies of the extermination of the Jews without other victims of the Nazi policy of extermination being included. In the past twenty years, there has been a greater focus on such topics as prisoners of war and forced labourers in the Third Reich among scholars. This development of a wider perspective in research topics has revealed a need for more primary research. Based on this viewpoint, it was established that a need existed to expand the historical perspective by connecting the Holocaust with the treatment of prisoners of war. This book's main goal is to make a contribution to the strengthening of studies on prisoners of war and forced labour. The volume consists of papers first presented at the Falstad symposium "Prisoners of War and Forced Labour- Histories of War and Occupation", held at the Falstad Centre on November 20-21, 2008. Topics of the symposium included prisoners of war; prisoners in concentration and extermination camps, people imprisoned for political or racial reasons; and forced labour, meaning civilians forced to migrate or forced to work for the Germans. The contributions in the book represent a broad perspective including researchers from the USA, Poland, Austria, Israel, Russia, Finland, the UK and Norway. The introduction gives a brief overview of how different European countries are dealing with the problem of overcoming the past and the state of research in some of these countries.


Scheiner (2003) presented a classification of species–area curves into six types based on the pattern of sampling and how the data are combined to form the curves. Gray et al. (2004) contended that five of those types should be termed 'species-accumulation curves', reserving 'species–area curve' for those based on island-type data. Their proposition contradicts 70 years of usage and confounds curves that are area-explicit with those that are area-undefined. In exploring these issues, I highlight additional aspects of species–area and species-accumulation curves, including the assumption of nesting in Type IV (island) curves, how to convert area-unspecified curves into area curves, and the effects of the grain of the analysis on the properties of the curve. Further exploration, theoretical development, and dialogue are needed before we will understand all the biology that species–area curves summarize.