Mortality, parasitization, and overwintering development through pupation of the banded sunflower moth, Cochylis hospes Walsingham, larvae and two of its endoparasitoids, Glypta prognatha Dasch and Chelonus phaloniae Mason, were followed over a 2-year period (1987 to 1989). Development of parasitoids in the field was determined for each species by examination of moth eggs and larvae during the 1989 season. Parasitoids of C. hospes, recovered from cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., from North and South Dakota and Minnesota in 1994 and 1995, parasitized 24 and 17% of larvae, respectively. Species of Hymenoptera collected included G. prognatha and Trathala sp. (Ichneumonidae), C. phaloniae and Macrocentrus ancylivorus Rohwer (Braconidae), and Perilampus robertsoni Crawford (Pteromalidae). The most abundant parasitoid was G. prognatha. In 1994 and 1995, C. phaloniae, an egg-larval parasitoid, emerged earlier but was less abundant than the later occurring larval parasitoid G. prognatha. Species of parasitoids collected from cultivated sunflower and five species of native sunflowers were similar. An additional parasitoid, Mastrus sp. (Ichneumonidae), was recovered only from the native sunflowers H. annuus and H. tuberosus L. Results from 1994 and 1995 showed that parasitization rates for the total season by the two most abundant parasitoids were similar in fields using three planting dates. These results suggest that altering planting date could be successfully used as a pest management strategy without disrupting the biological control of the banded sunflower moth. Conservation of these parasitoids in the sunflower agroecosystem is needed since they play an important role in the management of C. hospes.


During the last ten years, the two rare spider species Micaria lenzi Bosenberg, 1899 (Gnaphosidae) and Clubiona juvenis Simon, 1878 (Clubionidae) have been found on coastal sand dunes and inland dunes near the coast in Finland. The findings are the northernmost ones in Europe, extending the known range of M. lenzi from southernmost Sweden northwards by almost 1000 kilometers.


On the 6th May, 1901, a cluster of 30 eggs of Cricigrapha Normani, Grt., was found by the writer. Six of these had been destroyed and the contents eaten, probably by some hemiptetrous insect. The eggs were laid in rows close together, touching each other, on the upper side of a leaf of Caulophyllum thalictroides, Michx., and formed almost a completed square, an average of six eggs being in each row. They looked as if they had just been laid. Yound maple, ash and birch trees were growing near by.


(1) Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is common among post-menopausal women affecting more than 25% in their lifetime—with 11% having a lifetime risk of undergoing an operation for a POP. In April 2019, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) took surgical mesh for transvaginal use off the market due to safety and effectiveness concerns. This leaves colporrhaphy or colporrhaphy with bio-graft options for a POP surgical repair. (2) Case: In this report, we look at a case with anterior mesh erosion complicated by poor wound healing secondary to heavy tobacco use and how it was successfully removed and augmented with a Coloplast axis allograft dermis biological graft secured with an Anchorsure sacrospinous ligament/arcus tendineus fascia pelvis fixation device and prolene suture. (3) Results: After failing two prior surgeries to rectify the mesh erosion, a final procedure was performed using a biologic dermal graft and a double-layer closure to aid in protecting and increasing the integrity of the tissue. (4) Conclusions: Collectively, the patient and her surgeries highlight the difficult nature of complete mesh removal and how tobacco use can significantly affect the proper healing of surgical sites. The number of surgeries necessary to address the patient's chief complaint and the resolution of her symptoms with the biologic graft supports the challenges one faces with mesh removal and poor wound healing secondary to tobacco use. This case illustrates that complicated transvaginal mesh erosion should initially be augmented with a biologic dermal graft secured via sacrospinous ligament/arcus tendineus fascia pelvis fixation and double-layer closure and not only if visible mesh removal alone fails.


Chromosome segregation requires the physical attachment of chromosomes to microtubules of the mitotic spindle. Kinetochores are large protein complexes that interact with chromosomes and microtubules to facilitate chromosome movement. Kinetochore-microtubule (K-Mt) attachments must achieve a specific geometry for chromosome segregation to proceed flawlessly. Otherwise, chromosomes can become fragmented during segregation, and it is believed that this type of chromosome instability can fuel tumorigenesis. One mechanism by which cells achieve proper K-Mt attachments is by destroying improper attachments via phosphorylation of kinetochore proteins that bind microtubules. Aurora B kinase has a pivotal role in detaching kinetochores from microtubules, and many of its substrates have been identified and studied using reconstituted subcomplexes. However, the effect of Aurora B phosphorylation on whole, intact kinetochores had not been elucidated previously. Recently, the laboratory of Dr. Sue Biggins (Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center), in collaboration with the laboratory of Dr. Chip Asbury (Physiology and Biophysics Department, University of Washington), used purified yeast kinetochores and single molecule studies to ascertain how phosphorylation affects microtubule attachment to kinetochores. Dr. Krishna Sarangapani of the Asbury Lab is the lead author on the study.


Procedural atrial fibrillation (AF) termination is considered as a predictor of long‐term success after catheter ablation for persistent AF (persAF). However, some patients remain free of arrhythmia recurrences despite failure to achieve AF termination. The objective of this study was to assess long‐term outcome and prognostic factors in patients undergoing complex ablation without procedural AF termination.


The purpose of this study was to understand 18th century women"s jeogori fabric trends by examining excavated jeogories from the tomb of Lady Changneong-Jo (1721-1742). Total of 25 jeogories were analyzed and then compared with other commonly used fabrics of the time. All the fabrics of 25 jeogories were silk. For fabric construction, combinations of the three fundamental weaves were utilized. There were total of 42 types of fabric: 23 plain weave fabric, 7 twill fabric, and 12 satin fabric. Of these, 32 were patterned fabric. Plain weave fabrics were used on 14 different jeogories. Out of these, 13 patterned plain weave fabrics were observed. The patterned parts were mostly 3/1 right-handed twill. All the twill fabrics were patterned and were used in 5 jeogories. Ground structure was 3/1 right-handed twill. For the patterned parts, 6 pieces were reversed satin, and one was 1/3 left-handed twill. Satin fabrics were used in 11 jeogories. There were total of 12 different types, all patterned satin fabrics(damask). The utilized ground structures were one of the three types: 5 leaf 2 float, 5 leaf 3 float or 8 leaf 3 float satin weave. All patterned parts were reversed satin. In the final analysis, total of 79 jeogori fabrics(bodice & sleeve) used in 18th century, including the pieces from the Lady Changneong-Jo"s tomb were examined. As a result, this study discovered that for 18th Century jeogori fabrics plain weave fabrics were the most frequently used, followed by satin fabrics and twill fabrics.


Purpose – The main aim of this study is a comparison and assessment of chosen aspects of the innovativeness of the Polish industrial enterprises from 2008–2014. Design/methodology/approach – A method of comparative analysis was used as a research method in order to pursue the adopted aim. Findings – Using direct indicators which are based on the results of product, process, organisational and marketing innovations, the comparison of innovative activity of the Polish industrial sector from 2008–2014 taking into consideration small, medium-size and large enterprises was made. Also expenditures on innovative activity in the industrial enterprises and revenues on the sales of new or visibly improved products launched into the market in the years 2008–2014 were analysed. The final part includes an assessment of the innovativeness of Polish industry in the analysed dimensions. Originality/value – Factual and scientific value of the study concerns: diagnosis of the condition of the innovative activity of Polish industry. It indicates basic shortcomings in the analysed areas. keywords: analysis, innovativeness, industry, indicators of innovativeness


Objective To study the relation between change of thyroid tissues and thyroid auto-antibody after thyroid arterial embolization in the treatment of hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease with observation on changes of histopathology and thyroid auto-antibody in 3 years after thyroid arterial embolization, and to understand the foundation of the therapeutic action after arterial embolization. Methods 1. Thirty-eight patients with Graves' disease treated by transcathter arterial embolization had been tested serum TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4, rT3, TSH, TGAb, TPOAb, TRAb and followed up with color Doppler ultrasound respectively at different periods(before arterial embolization and 7 day, 6 month, 3 year after arterial embolization). 2. 23 patients underwent needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid gland. Results Volume of thyroid gland instantly dwindled in size after thyroid arterial embolization or within a few days. The changes of histopathology mainly showed acute ischemic necrosis 7 days after thyroid arterial embolization and followed by fibrous hyperplasia mesenchymal proliferation and follicular atrophy occurring 6 months and 3 years afterward. TGAb, TPOAb at the 3rd year after thyroid arterial embolization were higher than those before the thyriod arterial embolization. FT3、 FT4、 TRAb at 6 month after thyroid arterial embolization were lower than those of the 3 years. Conclusion Maladjustment of immunity in GD patients would be improved through the treatment of thyroid arterial embolization, synchronously with the promotion in histopathology. The outcomings of the shrinkage of thyroid tissue, decrease of thyroxin secretion and improvement of immunity provide a combination therapy for GD.


Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the most common lymphoid malignancies in the developed world, affecting approximately 120,000 people annually in the USA and Europe. The disease has a very variable clinical course; many patients survive for decades without requiring treatment and die of unrelated causes, whereas other patients develop more aggressive forms of the disease that lead to an early death. Traditionally, the approach to the management of CLL has been watchful waiting, with clinical staging (Rai or Binet) providing limited prognostic information


The reaction between Mn(ClO 4 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, Et-saoH 2 (Et-saoH 2 = 2-hydroxypropiophenone oxime), NEt 4 OH and [Ni(pao) 2 -(py) 2 ] (paoH = 2-pyridylaldoxime) in MeOH forms the complex [Mn III 3 O(Et-sao) 3 (HCO 2 )(MeOH) 5 ] (1) in good yields. The reaction of MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O, Me-saoH 2 (Me-saoH 2 = 2-hydroxyphenylethanone oxime), NEt 4 0H and DL -valine in MeOH gives the complex [Mn III 3 O(Me-sao) 3 (MeOH) 5 ]Cl (2) in moderate yields. In both complexes the building block consists of a triangular {Mn III 3 O(R-sao) 3 } unit (R = Et, Me for 1 and 2, respectively). In the case of 2, the [Mn 3 ] unit can be considered "naked" as there is no capping ligand present, whereas in the case of 1 a formate ion is terminally bonded to one metal centre. DC magnetic susceptibility measurements for 1 and 2 reveal the presence of both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic intramolecular interactions, depending on the Mn-N-O-Mn torsion angles within each cluster, leading to a ground state S = 2 for both complexes. Rationalization of this result is attempted by structural comparison of previously reported triangular [Mn 3 ] oximate complexes on the basis of "flat" and "twisted" torsion angles and the effect of the auxiliary ligands.


In the application of the soft magnetic materials in electrical machines, it can be noticed that there is a large area of rotational flux on the T -joint region of three-phase transformers or on the stator core of three-phase motors and generators. Therefore, it is very necessary to investigate the magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials under various rotational magnetizations. For this reason, this paper proposes a novel rotational single sheet tester that the rotor structure of an induction motor is utilized to measure and model the magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials under two-dimensional vector magnetization. In order to maximize the area of the homogenous magnetic field and the value of the magnetic field in the sample, the novel single sheet tester is simulated by the finite element method (FEM) to find the best structural parameters. In addition, the effects of excitation mode and excitation current on the magnetic field in the sample are also analyzed in detail.


A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different tillage methods, and their interaction on the dynamic changes of straw decomposition rate, mechanical properties, and micro-structure of the stalk. A nylon mesh bag technique was used. An obvious change was observed in the decomposition rate of straw, and its mechanical, and micro-structural properties. The decomposition rate of straw was increased in all tillage treatments. Specifically, it increased consistently in conventional and dry rotary tillage, and sharply in wet rotary tillage. Furthermore, for all tillage, the mechanical properties like shear and bending strengths decreased sharply while compressive strength first decreased linearly and then increased, whereas the micro-structure of wheat straw showed a fluctuating trend, i.e., it changed neither regularly nor consistently over time. Moreover, the micro-structure of the stalk explained the morphological changes to the straw that returned to the field, which may impact the mechanical properties. However, these changes could not explain the degradation trend of straw directly. The findings of the study could be used as a theoretical reference for the design of tillage and harvesting machinery keeping in view soil solidification and compaction dynamics.


One-electron oxidations of ferrocene and anthracene to the corresponding radical cations have been used as model systems for studying solvent effects in heterogenous charge-transfer kinetics. The energy dependencies of the electronic state densities of the reactants in several nonaqueous solvents have been investigated


The pedagogy employed in a three-course environmental engineering sequence is investigated to determine the efficacy of enabling long-term improvement of knowledge and attitudes toward the environment. These three courses incorporate concepts of the five grand challenges released by the National Academy of Engineering and National Academy of Sciences and increase the breadth of knowledge for T-professionals. Previous studies of lengths from a few weeks to semester long courses evaluated the potential causality among various demographics and environmental knowledge and attitudes. The research presented herein contrasts and compares changes in environmental knowledge based upon a 12-question survey and changes in environmental attitude based upon a seven-question survey administered at the beginning and end of the environmental engineering sequence courses taught to over 200 students from a variety of disciplines. Survey results demonstrate that a positive increase (9.27%) in knowledge occurred from the start to the end of the first course and the elimination of statistical differences among numerous demographics such as sex and race. After 18 months of environmental education, an 8.6% increase in knowledge was retained compared to the initial knowledge where the female and non-white demographics increased the most but retained the least. Results regarding environmental attitudes suggest that a focus on learning about environmental issues decreased positive attitudes toward the environment, whereas focusing on solutions to environmental issues increased positive attitudes toward the environment. Evaluating changes or sustainment of improved environmental attitudes over three semesters demonstrates the potential for an environmental engineering education to have a multi-year impact on the values and environmental ethos of students across many disciplines. Background and Introduction The environmental problems of today have recently been organized into the five grand challenges released by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in "Environmental Engineering for the 21 Century: Addressing Grand Challenges" [1]. The five grand challenges are (1) sustainably supply food, water, and energy; (2) curb climate change and adapt to its impacts; (3) design a future without pollution and waste; (4) create efficient, healthy, resilient cities; and (5) foster informed decisions and actions [1]. These grand challenges align with the issues presented and discussed in the Engineer of 2020 [2] and the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [3]. The Engineer of 2020 called for engineers to not only be technical experts but be leaders in business and government to help build a more sustainable future [2]. The SDGs seek to transform our world by increasing the environmental and social equality of the developing world through sustainable, multidisciplinary innovation [3]. Many of the world's leading industries take social, economic, and environmental impacts of their work into consideration. This is evident in the triple bottom line approach, referred to with the three P's of people, planet, and profit [4], [5]. Incorporating environmental, economic, and social responsibility into a profitable business requires multidisciplinary teams with diverse competencies. Professionals who not only have a great depth of knowledge in their field, but also broad experiences in other fields, will thrive best in this multidisciplinary team setting [6]. One illustrative and helpful model that industry has embraced is the idea of a T-professional [6]. T-professionals acquire a breadth of multidisciplinary experiences as well as disciplinary depth. This is accomplished by developing competencies that span all professions, including teamwork, communication, and critical thinking, while simultaneously gaining exposure to many disciplines and systems [6]. Finally, T-professionals achieve disciplinary depth, while retaining the ability to interact with the broader competencies to which they were exposed [6]. They can then use this diverse experience and knowledge to interact with others in different disciplines [6]. Engineering programs at universities have begun to adopt this concept more specifically as the T-shaped engineer, enabling technical professionals to better interact with a variety of stakeholders, such as lawyers, scientists, decisionmakers, politicians, and other engineering professionals [7]. We have applied this model to develop the "T-shaped professional" which we define as a non-engineer professional with technical engineering experience (breadth) to complement their disciplinary depth. Previous studies have looked at how knowledge and attitudes toward the environment have changed based on the educational experiences of students. Prior research has included the effects of high school students taking a dedicated 10-day environmental course [8] and undergraduate students within a variety of educational experiences [9], [10]. One study evaluated the impact of a dedicated, semester long environmental course on the attitudes and knowledge of students from diverse backgrounds [11]. In that study, Martinez found that taking a semester long environmental course enabled previous demographic differences in students' knowledge and attitudes to become statistically similar, resulting in improved knowledge across all demographics as well as increases in environmentally conscious attitudes [11]. Previously, the diversity metrics evaluated by Martinez had been investigated separately, including student age [9], hometown [12], [13], major [13], [14], and parents' education [15]. Another study looked at the same changes in attitudes through a second environmental course that focused on environmental engineering design in the developed world [16]. In that study, Plante found no statistical decrease in environmentally-friendly attitudes of the students after the second semester of the environmental engineering sequence course, despite the transition for non-engineering majors from a science-focused course to a math-focused course. While this was certainly desired, it was surprising because non-engineering majors were anecdotally much less comfortable in the second course (EV350) [17] of the sequence than in the first course (EV300)


This study was aimed at production and quality evaluation of known fruit African bush mango (Irvingia (Ananas comosus) and orange (Citrus orange juices were blended to produce different mixed juice samples. composition, physicochemical, were evaluated. The protein content of the juice blends ranged from 0.76 to 0.93 %; moisture 70.05 to 80.45%; car were in the range of 4.89 to 5.55 while the brix ranged from 10.10 to 10.88%. The total titratable acid were in the range of 0.16 to 0.25mg/l. The saponin and tannin contents of the juice blends were low and within tolerable limit safe for consumption. The sensory scores obtained showed that the juice samples were accepted following the organoleptic ratings.


The differentiability of the metric projection P onto a closed convex set K in R is examined. The boundary ãK can have singular points of orders k  ̈ −1Ù 0Ù 1ÜÙ n − 1. Here k  ̈ −1 corresponds to the interior points of K, k  ̈ 0 to regular points of the boundary (i.e., faces), k  ̈ 1Ù Ü Ù n − 2 to edges and k  ̈ n − 1 to vertices. It is assumed that for every k the set of all singular points forms an n − k − 1 dimensional manifold Tk + 1 (possibly empty) of class p 3 2. Under a mild continuity assumption it is shown that then P is of class p−1 on an open setW whose complement has null Lebesgue measure. The setW is the union of the interiors of inverse images of Tk + 1 under PØ Moreover, a formula for the Fréchet derivative D P on each of these regions is given that relates D P to the second fundamental form of the manifold Tk + 1Ø The results are illustrated (a) on the metric projection P from the space Sym of symmetric matrices onto the convex cone Sym + of positive semidefinite symmetric matrices and (b) on the metric projection from Sym onto the unit ball under the operator norm. We prove the indefinite differentiability of these projections on explicitly determined open sets with complements of measure 0 and give explicit formulas for the derivatives. In (a) the method of proof, based on the above general result, is different from the previous treatment in [17] and applies to situations [21] where the special methods of [17] cannot be used. The case (b) is new. MSC 2010. 26B25 Primary, 26B05, 52A20.


ABSTRACT Adolescent substance use continues to be a serious public health and social problem. However, very little research has been conducted to understand substance use treatment for adolescents during the past thirty years. This study reports on adolescents in publicly funded AOD treatment programs from 1997–1999 (N = 4,733). Analyses are presented examining sex and ethic differences within this population. Females were more likely to report methamphetamine and males reported marijuana use. Females were more likely to report injection drug use; males were more likely to be mandated to treatment. Hispanic and African American youth were referred into treatment from criminal justice; reported marijuana as the primary drug; much less likely to be IDUs; be mandated to treatment; and released unsatisfactorily compared to white adolescents. Implications for future research and substance abuse treatment are discussed.


As an environmental pollution,the noise pollution of the city substation has caused more and more complaints from the residents in recent years.How to solve the noise pollution problem has become urgent for the electrical company and related research units.Based on the detection to some 220 k V and 500 k V city substations,the article summarizes in several major noise sources of the city substations and analyses the mechanism of each kind of the noise.Meanwhile,it discusses the types of passive noise control and active noise control,as well as an application example for substation noise reduction technology by passive noise control.Then it provides three improved designs to the instruction of the sound barrier.The work will provide a reference for the development of the substation noise reduction engineering.


The present invention relates to a semiconductor package and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly, is stacked on the package substrate, the first containing a second side surface opposite to the first surface and the first surface facing the package substrate a semiconductor chip; The first is stacked on the semiconductor chip, the second semiconductor chip containing a fourth side surface opposite to the third surface and the third surface facing the first semiconductor chip; And integrally, and a bonded structure filling the second space between the first space and the first and second semiconductor chips between the package substrate and the first semiconductor chip. The adhesive structure has the first and second single continuous convex side wall between comprising a further projection extends from the outside of the second semiconductor chip, wherein the extension portion level of the level and the fourth surface of the first surface .


The priority of a Liberal foreign policy centres on how to develop a more independent role for Canada and to carve out special niches of opportunity in a world that is becoming more pluralistic. This article presents a Liberal perspective on a number of key issues such as continental free trade, the role of the United Nations (UN), peacekeeping, foreign aid, and the democratization of the foreign policy‐making process. It argues that comprehensive multilateral and bilateral initiatives throughout the Caribbean, Central and South America would create more social and economic renewal than the North American Free Trade Agreement. The article emphasizes the Liberal Party's commitment to make the cause of a reformed, strengthened UN the watchword of Canadian foreign policy in the 1990s. It points out that as the UN moves into a broader mandate of peacemaking, both the statutory and operational capacities of the world organization must be enhanced. The article also states that there is growing disillusionment w...


Machine learning has become one of the main pillars of smart lighting. In a machine learning project life-cycle, the next step is model deployment after the intelligence model has good performance. However, this can be a problem because sometimes the deployment environment is not yet perfect, so a deployment simulation is required. Our research aims to create and evaluate synthetic data and simulations for smart lighting control using the nested Markov chain. We have an original smart lighting dataset resulting from making a smart lighting prototype that utilizes passive infrared (PIR) sensors. We construct a Markov chain model and a nested model from this dataset. We generate synthetic data from the two models and then evaluate them using the classification-integrated moving average (CIMA) model we developed in previous research. The test results show that the synthetic dataset resulting from the nested Markov chain model is more approximate to the original dataset than the Markov chain model. The p-value of the movement value and attendance value of the nested Markov chain is greater than the p-value of the Markov chain, namely 0.45 and 0.22, respectively. The performance of the CIMA model on synthetic datasets resulting from the nested Markov chain is also better than the Markov chain.


9002 Background: Compared to Caucasian men, African American (AA) men are more likely to develop more advanced disease and die from CaP. The recent incorporation of Gleason score and prostate-speci...


Survival analysis is one of data analysis the result showing certain times had happened. Cox regression analysis is one of the most powerful and commonly used for analyzing survival data since the result of this method showing nearly similar result to parametric model. This study aim is to determine case of recurrent Coronary Heart Disease risk factors, and to know how many survival in day of recurrent Coronary Heart Disease based on the risk factors at RS Islam Surabaya in 2015 – 2016. Measurement in research subjects was conducted in the medical record. This research using observational research approach. Subjects were 63 Coronary Heart Disease inpatients in RS Islam Surabaya. Measurement was conducted to obtain information of examined variables. Independent variables were data sensor status, survival time (measured in day), sex, age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. This analysis showing the occurrence time average of recurrent CHDs in Coronary Heart Disease patients in general is 614 days. Rate of reccurence had similar risks for all age groups, gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. CHD patients with hypertension status have risk of 9.291 times greater than no hypertension status. This research can be used by RS Islam Surabaya to gave Communication, Information, and Education to the patient and their relatives especially for patient with hypertension status to have continuous check-up in order not to get another recurrent event of CHD in the near future.


This paper defines a unload damage model of concrete based on concrete stiffness declining with Clough resilience model.This model element damage model and structure global damage model combines one damage evaluation system.The damage evaluation of the three span continuous beams is studied by FEM calculation.This damage evaluation method can be spread in 3D framework structures.


EDA tools have been widely utilized in RF circuit designs in aid of predicting RF parametric performance. However, the issue of correlativity of the simulated results to the actual hardware performance remains questionable due to the complexity of signal and noise propagation in RF frequency. This journal exhibits the utilization of ADS Momentum simulation in characterizing the VHF band VCO phase noise performance, which results in close correlation with the actual board measurement. Analysis and discussion on the ADS Momentum simulation results in comparison with conventional simulation results are also further detailed.


Cr3+ doped TiO2/attapulgite composite photocatalyst(Cr3+-TiO2/ATP)were synthesized by the acid-catalyzed sol-gel method.Their photocatalytic activity was evaluated by degrading methylene blue(MB)solution under visible light irradiation.Orthogonal experiments were employed to optimize the conditions for preparation of composite photocatalyst according to the orthogonal layout L16(44).Therefore,the orders of effectiveness of every factor which could affect absorption ability under dark and the photocatalytic activity under visible light of composite photocatalyst were found out and their optimal conditions were determined.Moreover,based on the thoughts of reduced energy consumption and comprehensive analysis of the experiment results,the optimal conditions for preparing composite photocatalyst with higher activity were determined.The results of photocatalytic experiments showed that the degradation of MB on the composite photocatalysts followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)first-order reaction model,and the Cr3+-TiO2/ATP photocatalysts prepared under optimal conditions exhibited higher photocatalytic activity on degradation of MB,and the photocatalytic activity was much higher than that of TiO2/ATP,P25 and pure TiO2.Furthermore,the composite photocatalyst showed easy separation property compared with P25 and pure TiO2.The advantages of composite photocatalyst revealed its potential applications in wastewater treatment.


ABSTRACT In reflecting what actually happens in the supervision process we cannot overlook that one learns by experience or through experiential learning. The paper presents how the use of experience in supervision corresponds to Kolb's model of learning as a cyclical process. Some propositions of modern learning, introduced by Cantor in 1953, will be applied to supervision too. These assumptions are: learning depends on wanting to learn and on not knowing the answers in advance; individuals learn best when they are free to create their own responses in a situation and when they can learn in their own way; learning is largely an emotional experience; learning is integral-not an additive experience, but a remaking experience; to learn is to change, etc.


Background – Through the progress in information and communication technology (ICT) new possibilities to connect smart objects via the internet arose. The number of connected devices had a strong g ...


Through RFID technology and the positioning and navigation technology based on Wi-Fi/ GPS, we establish the logistics tracking information system (LTIS) of the supply chain storage and transportation. On the basis of which we propose a network-based logistics tracking and communication information system (LTCIS). In this process ,we combine with other sophisticated means of communication technology by coupling and network. Key words-RFID;GPS; LTIS; LTCIS


: Having an excellent physical and mechanical property, silicon carbide (SiC) monocrystal is used extensively in the field of microelectronics and optoelectronics. However, the high hardness and brittleness make the SiC wafer processing difficult and inefficient. In order to improve the surface quality and processing efficiency of SiC wafer, cutting force of wire saw is developed during the wafer processing. From the view of chip deformation and friction, the models of normal force and tangential force are established for single abrasive, and a theoretical model from the cutting force and process parameters and physical attributes of wire saw is obtained. The cutting force experiments are set up, and then the coefficients of the model are determined under different process parameters. Compared with the experimental results, the average errors of normal and tangential forces prediction are less than 9.18% and the reasons for the modeling errors are also analyzed. The results show that the model can predict the cutting force for wire saw cutting process under the same conditions, which provides theoretical basis for the cutting force optimal controlling.


The use of HVDC convertor stations in electric power transmission systems is increasing. The fast switching occurring in these stations is a potential source of considerable wide-band RF energy which could interfere with power-line carrier, computer and communications systems, related or unrelated to the operation of the station. Understanding and controlling this operational condition requires a knowledge of the RF properties of power frequency components. Methods of measuring these properties are described and some typical results presented, together with a brief discussion on how these characteristics may combine to reduce or aggravate the problem


Conventional models of the structure of the Earth, such as the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM), assume a bonded interface between the crust and the upper mantle. The bonded contact model is consistent with the observation of Love waves during an earthquake. However, anomalies in the Love wave dispersion have been reported in the literature. When slip occurs at the crust-mantle interface, another kind of an interfacial wave, called the slip wave can exist. It is shown that the dispersion relation of the slip wave, with a slip weakening friction law, appears to be in agreement with the observations at seismic frequencies. This suggests that slip could occur at the crust-mantle interface.


Informatics is not exactly the word most likely to make the average psychiatrist's heart leap with joy. Initial reactions might include irritation at an apparently unnecessary neologism, conviction of the dullness of the subject matter and despair at being made to focus on management-related issues


Thiols and Thiyl Radicals: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects Reactions of Thiyl Radicals, Peter Wardman Thiyl Radicals, Perthiyl Radicals, and Oxidative Reactions, Christian Schoneich Antioxidant Drug Design: A Comparison of Thiol and Perthiol Anti-Radical and Proxidant Mechanisms, Steven A. Everett Biothiyls: Their Free Radical Chemistry and Biological Significance, Janice A. DeGray and Ronald P. Mason Peroxynitrite Reactivity: Free Radical Generation, Thiol Oxidation and Biological Significance, Ohara Augusto and Rafael Radi Concerted Antioxidant Activity of Glutathione and Superoxide Dismutase, Christine C. Winterbourn Glutathione-Dependent Activation of Xenobiotics, M. W. Anders, Wolfang Dekant, and Spyridon Varnvakas Thiols and Oxidative Stress Strategies for Increasing Cellular Glutathione, Alton Meister Glutathione Synthesis in Oxidative Stress, Henry Jay Forman, Ruiming Liu, and Michael Ming Shi Sinusoidal Efflux of Hepatic GSH: Significance, Physiology, and Regulation, Neil Kaplowtiz, Murad Oookhtens, and Shelly Lu Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition, Donald J. Reed Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase: More than an Antioxidant Enzyme?, Matilde Maiorino, Antonella Roveri, Carlo Gregolin, and Fulvio Ursini Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of Extracellular Glutathione and Related Thiols, Masayasou Inoue, Yukiko Minamiyama, Hidenori Yu, Seiichi Yamamasu, Keiko Inoue, and Eisuke Sato Glutathionyl Specificity of Thioltransferases: Mechanistic and Physiological Implications, John J. Mieyal, Stephen A. Gravina, Paul A. Mieyal, Usha Srinivasan, and David W. Starke -Lipoic Acid: Enzymology and Antioxidant Properties Lipoic Acid-Requiring Proteins: Recent Advances, Mulchand S. Patel and Nataraj N. Vettakkorumakankav Role of Lipoic Acid in the Glycine Cleavage System and Lipolyation of H-Protein, Yutaro Motokawa, Kazuko Fujiwara, and Kazukko Okamura-Ikeda -Lipoic Acid and N-Acetylcysteine: New Concepts for Old Drugs, Aalt Bast and Guido R.M.M. Haenen Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase by Lipoic Acid, Silvia Alvarez and Alberto Boveris Effects of Thiols on Cigarette Smoke-Induced Biomolecular Damage, Jason P. Eiserich, Charles A. O'Neill, Carroll E. Cross, Barry Halliwell, Abraham Z. Reznick, and Albert van der Vliet Regulation of Gene Expression by Lipoic Acid, Yuichiro Suzuki, Masashi Mizuno, Heinz Ulrich, and Lester Packer Therapeutic Effects of -Lipoic Acid on Diabetic Neuropathy, Dan Ziegler and F. A. Gries Antioxidant Properties and Clinical Implications of -Lipoic Acid, Lester Packer, Eric H. Witt, Hans Jurgen Tritschler, Klaus Wesse, and Heinz Ulrich


The guided inquiry learning model is an approach that involves students actively thinking and finding what they want to know. This research have as a purpose to knowladge cognitive learning outcomes of students taught by guided inquiry learning models assisted by electronic workbench software. The population in this research were students of class XII MIA SMAN 1 Lasolo registered in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 academic year consisting of 3 classes with 104 students. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique so that class XII MIA1 was obtained as an experiment class and class XII MIA2 as a control class. Data collection techniques for students' cognitive learning outcomes using multiple choice tests. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion obtained: (1) there is no significant difference between the average value of the experiment class pretest and the control class before learning; (2) there is a significant difference between the average value of cognitive class learning outcomes of the experiment class and the control class; (3) the average value of N-Gain learning outcomes of the cognitive domain of experiment class students is in the high category with the acquisition of a value of 0.73 while the average value of the N-Gain of the control class is in the moderate category of 0.49. This shows that the guided inquiry learning model assisted by electronics workbench software is very suitable to be applied in physics learning activities in schools.


There is a significant increase in acetone-precipitable lecithin (APL) concentration with advancing gestation in fetal lung tissue and amniotic fluid in rats. Measurement of the APL concentration in fetal lung tissue and/or amniotic fluid provides an excellent model for evaluation of fetal lung maturation. The surge of lecithin concentration in amniotic fluid lags behind that in fetal lungs by about 1 day. This supports the concept that fetal lungs are a main contributor to the amniotic fluid lecithin pool. Dexamethasone stimulates the biosynthesis of APL in fetal lungs in rats and guinea pigs. These data support the hypothesis that glucocorticoid treatment in the pregnant woman accelerates fetal lung maturation. Metopirone inhibits the biosynthesis of APL in fetal lungs.


Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women and presents a major public health concern, with a lifetime risk of developing this disease being approximately 11% for women. This cancer type is heterogeneous in pathology and current statistics suggest that worldwide incidence of breast cancer is on the rise (Tao, et al., 2015). Developing breast cancer is more likely in an older population, as a majority of the cases occur in women aged 50-69 (Statistics Canada, 2015). It is projected that by 2050, over 3 million new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed annually (Tao, et al., 2015).


In an attempt to spark greater interest in space sciences among high school girls, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics has been distributing a booklet entitled "Space for Women: Perspectives on Careers in Science." The 20-page color booklet offers advice and encouragement to young women interested in space physics, astronomy, and other space-related fields. More than 10,000 copies have already been distributed to students, teachers, and career counselors.


Irrational numbers of bounded type have several equivalent characterizations. They have bounded partial quotients in terms of arithmetic characterization and in the dynamics of the circle rotation, the rescaled recurrence time to r-ball of the initial point is bounded below. In this paper, we consider how the bounded type condition of irrational is generalized into interval exchange maps.


Positioning and continuous monitoring technology is one of the important methods for monitoring wetland environment parameters.In this paper,the application of WSN technology in the wetland environment positioning and continuous monitoring system for Sihu lake basin is proposed;the system design scheme based on hierarchical structure is pointed out;the design method of WSN routing and network topology is described;the clustering analysis and evaluation method based on the combination of grey relational analysis algorithm and false alarm mechanism is studied;and the relevant monitoring curve graph and power analysis results are given in the end.


In recent years the classical Schwarz lemma has been generalized in at least two important ways. The first way is the following. Let D be any plane domain. Let ~ be any point in D. Denote by C the family of all single-valued analytic functions/(z) on D such tha t ]/(z) ]~<1 and ](~)=0. Define M = s u p { ]/ '(~)[;/EC}. Since C is a nonvoid normal family, there will be at least one F in C such tha t F'(~) = M . The problem is to s tudy such extremal functions ~'. Generally speaking, the basic work on this problem when D is of finite connect iv i ty was done by L. Ahlfors [1, 2], P. Garabedian [7], and H. Grunsky [9, 10, 11, 12]. Ahlfors and Grunsky proved results about the uniqueness and the boundary behavior of the extremal function. Garabedian treated the problem as a so-called dual extremal problem and expressed the extremal function in terms of the Szeg5 kernel function. The case in which D is an arbi trary plane domain (possibly of infinite connectivity) was first studied in detail around 1960 by L. Carleson [5] pp. 73-82 and S. Ja. Havinson [14]. Both of these authors established the uniqueness of the extremal function and Havinson went on to discuss the behavior of the extremal function in great depth. The second type of generalization consists essentially of replacing the expression/ '(~) above by an arbi trary linear functional g[/] and by replacing the auxiliary condition/(~) = 0 by a more general restriction on the zeros of/(z). For an obvious reason, the problem is now called a linear extremal problem. In the case of finite connectivity, such linear extrereal problems have been studied, for example, by S. Ja. Havinson [13] and P. Lax [20]. Thus far, a detailed study of the corresponding general linear extremal problems on arbi trary plane domains-not to mention open Riemann surfaces--seems to be lacking.


The second-order thermodynamic perturbation theory formulation of Barker and Henderson is used to derive the equation of state of the triangle-well fluid. This is combined with the rational function approximation to the radial distribution function of the hard-sphere fluid. Results are obtained for the critical parameters and the liquid–vapour coexistence curve for various values of the range of the potential. A comparison with available simulation data is presented.


The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of human Leucine- Rich
Repeat Kinase 2 (hLRRK2) gene with point mutation of amino acid substitution from
glycine to serine at residue 2019 (G2019S) in parkinson disease (PD). This is done by
cloning the hLRRK2 G2019S gene into a vector with GFP (green fluorescence protein)
under neuron-specific zebrafish Tyrosine Hydroxylase (zfTH) promoter. The promoter
drives over-expression of a fusion protein between reporter gene-green fluorescent protein
(GFP) - and LRRK2 gene holding a missense mutation (G2019S) driving in dopaminergic
neuron. This research utilizing two methods of cloning, the first method was cloning the
LRRK2 G2019S to pTGLwt by digestion and ligation. The second method was cloning of
LRRK2 G2019S by site directed mutagenesis. This study also observing the behaviour of
the wild type zebra fish using a locomotor activity test as a control for the transgenic
zebrafish in further studies. Under the method of digestion and ligation, pTGLwt and
pCGLG2019S were isolated (mini and maxi preparation). Subsequently, the sequencing
process is applied to the whole construct of pTGLwt and pCGLG2019S prior to digestion of
both constructs. Purification of pTGLwt and LRRK2G2019S is done using TAE agarose gels
with Nucleospin Extract II Kit. Afterwards, transformation ligation mix is done from
pTGL and LRRK2G2019S into E.coli competent cell, which the gene inserted is checked
later using colony PCR before applying another sequencing.
By site directed mutagenesis, PD- associated mutants (LRRK2 G2019S) were
introduced in pTGLwt with primers that contain point mutation during PCR processing.
This study is succeeded in resulting a construct of pTGLG2019S which will be useful in
studying the transgenic zebrafish as the model of PD.


T IS GENERALLY CONCEDED that the voting behavior of legislators is affected by both party and constituency influences. Some legislators identify themselves chiefly with their party, while others perceive their role as one of representing constituency interests.1 Many inquiries have been made into the relative merits of Burkean representation, accountability to constituency, and party responsibility, but few studies have bothered to investigate the actual extent of insurgency, constituency influences, and party voting in legislative bodies.2 The only published article to date which has examined the effect of constituency influences on party cohesion in the voting behavior of state legislators, is a study of the Massachusetts House of Representatives by Duncan MacRae, Jr.3 Working with roll-call votes on legislation which appeared to reflect socio-economic differences, MacRae found that legislators representing districts typical of those which generally elected members of their party on a home-owner occupancy index tended to display greater party loyalty than legislators elected by districts atypical of their party. MacRae also found that representatives whose previous election margins were narrow tended to cross party lines more often than representatives elected by wide margins. The study summarized by this paper produced similar findings regarding the 1957 session of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, but, perhaps more significantly, found the patterns which described legislative voting behavior in the lower chambers in both Massachusetts and Pennsylvania to be inappropriate for describing voting behavior in the Pennsylvania State Senate. Variations in the voting behavior of members of the upper and lower chambers of a legislature should not confound readers of the American classics." The Federalist Papers discuss the probable behavior of members of the separate chambers and in so doing inadvertently suggest certain hypotheses capable of verification. These hypotheses will be examined later.


An evaluation criteria has been raised to set up a standard comparison platform for intelligent algorithm. The evaluation criteria has been analysed rigorously in the algorithm encoding, ccuracy and running efficiency of algorithm. Several standard test functions have been chosen to make the intelligent algorithm more comparable. The example shows the practical value of the evaluation criteria.


87 prismatic flexural steel fiber-reinforced reactive powder concrete (RPC) specimens with the size of 40mm×40mm×160mm were tested as well as 87 dumbbell-shaped axis tensile RPC specimens after being exposed to different high temperatures. The effect of steel fiber content and heating temperature on the flexural and tensile strength of steel fiber-reinforced RPC was analyzed. With the steel fiber content increasing, the flexural and tensile strength of steel fiber-reinforced RPC after high temperature improve significantly, and they increase first and then decrease with the heating temperature elevated, and the critical temperatures are 200¡æ and 120¡æ, respectively. Equations are established to express the relationship between the flexural and tensile strength of steel fiber-reinforced RPC and the heating temperature. The theoretical curves are in good agreement with the test data.


The toxic smoke propagation of fire was studied by experiment.The size of experiment room is 1/3 size of normal room.There are sampling point every 10 cm from the height of 20 cm to 70 cm.The testing was stopped when the volume concentration of CO at sampling point decline to 10% of the peak value.The peak width time is the corresponding time to the part of volume concentration curve which value is higher than integral middle value.The total hazard index is the product of peak width time and integral middle value of volume concentration.The volume concentration of CO and CO2 were tested to calculate the integral middle value and peak width time.Results: The total hazard index increases quickly with the increasing of height form 40 cm to 60 cm.The total hazard index curve of horizontal direction shows that the hazard at beyond could be bigger than vicinity.


According to the present disclosure, it is possible to further miniaturize the gate electrode of the field-effect transistor. The field-effect transistor includes a substrate; a semiconductor layer configured to be formed on the substrate and have a fin region formed thereon with a source region and a drain region formed at both ends of the fin region; and a gate electrode configured to have a convex portion partially in contact with at least two faces of the fin region.


We present the systems that we developed for all three tracks of the CODI-CRAC 2022 shared task, namely the anaphora resolution track, the bridging resolution track, and the discourse deixis resolution track. Combining an effective encoding of the input using the SpanBERT_{\text{Large}} encoder with an extensive hyperparameter search process, our systems achieved the highest scores in all phases of all three tracks.


For Marxism history is the process by which man transforms himself by transforming the economic conditions of his existence through work. The expression of this process on the social level is the class struggle through which the rising class, corresponding to the economic infrastructure of the future, tends to substitute itself for the exploiting class which is the expression of the outworn infrastructure. To exist is to engage in this conflict and thus participate in the movement of history. Now very often Christians, in order to oppose Marxism, remain on the Marxist plane. They are satisfied to set up one social doctrine against the other. We propose to show in this article that while it is true that there is a Christian social doctrine, and one superior to that of Marxism, the true superiority of Christianity does not lie in this. Its superiority consists, on the contrary, in the fact that it has not only a social doctrine but very different dimensions as well and is thereby capable of giving an integral interpretation of human existence while Marxism only touches the surface of it.


Interchange is a trans-European pilot project which brings together advanced transport telematics service providers, industry and transport informatics experts from seven countries. It is funded under the European Commission's DRIVE II research programme. INTERCHANGE is establishing a European Traveller Information Network for real-time exchange of Advanced Transport Telematics (ATT) data between national traffic/travel information centres. Following initial trials, other ATT information services may be added as the ET-NET INTERCHANGE network standard is developed and finalised. This paper describes the progress made to date in achieving the European network, and outlines the project's impact in the field of standardisation of data exchange procedures. The current system architecture and design stage of INTERCHANGE is analysing data distribution requirements and producing a design for the INTERCHANGE international traffic and travel data exchange structure and operational/management procedures. Activities within INTERCHANGE have focussed on establishing harmonious working relations between the participating information centre operators. An international liaison group, whose participants represent those countries not already directly involved in the project, has been established, whose purpose it is to review and provide feedback on the work of the project. The INTERCHANGE project is also addressing the key issues of consistent application of a data exchange standard throughout Europe. INTERCHANGE's liaison mechanisms and common specifications are aimed directly at preparation for Europe-wide standardisation. In particular, it has developed a harmonised data dictionary and is pursuing the definition of bearer independent formats (BIF) for exchanging many types of traveller-related information. (A) For the covering abstract of the seminar see IRRD 863417.


The collected clinical descriptions comprising the ICD—lOcategories are here (World Health Organ ization, 1992) and the international field trials refining earlier drafts are now published (Sartorius et a!, 1993). Readers of the latter are told that development of the classification is intended still to continue in the light of comments on the text. I would like to respond to the spirit of this open invitation by noting what I consider to be a flaw lurking close to the conceptual heart of the new classification: how ICD—lOhas chosen to use the term †̃¿ organic'. The †̃¿ 0' word has a long and chequered history in psychiatry. Its use has been criticised by various commentators, often non-psychiatrists, for over a century (Gowers, 1886). The main problem with the term †̃¿ organic' is that, although many think they know what it means, no one actually does. At its safest, it is used purely descriptively to denote mental states characterised by cognitive impairment. Although often overlooked, this was the status quo in ICD—9, where the term †̃¿ organic psychotic disorders' was used to describe clusters of particular symptoms and, explicitly, not to imply an organic †̃¿ cause'. This use of the term changed in DSM—IIIand has changed further in ICD—1O, with some bizarre results. In lCD—b, the problem crystallises with a new group of organic mental disorders designated "¿ Other disorders due to brain damage and dysfunction and to physical disease―(F.06). This group subsumes disorders with names like †̃¿ organic hallucinosis', †̃¿ organic schizophrenia-like disorder', †̃¿ organic mood disorder', and so on. The text of ICD—1Ogives two reasons for redrafting this part of the classification: firstly, "¿ growing evidence that . . . cerebral and systemicdiseases are causally related. . . to psychiatric symptoms―; and secondly that it "¿ makes th use... easier than the arrangement in ICD—9― (pp. 44—45, 60—69). With these words ICD—1Oushers us into a neuropsychiatric nightmare. The first problem is that the word †̃¿ organic' introduces an inevitable paradox, which is blandly and unapologetically put in the text thus: "¿ use of the term †̃¿ organic' does not imply that conditions else where in this classification are †̃¿ non-organic' "¿ . This confusing statement sits uneasily in a classification which aspires to being exhaustive and mutually exclusive. Secondly, subsidiary terms used are often taut ologous and often inconsistent. For instance, a sub division of †̃¿ organic' disorders is attempted into those due toa "¿ primary cerebral dysfunction― or dysfunction †̃¿ secondary' (their italics) to systemic physical disease affecting the brain (similar to DSM—III—R's †̃¿ endo genous' and †̃¿ exogenous' organic factors). Yet, a page later (p. 45) we read, "¿ The term †̃¿ symptomatic' [my italics] is used for those organic mental disorders in which cerebral involvement is secondary to a systemic extracerebral disease―. So, which is it †̃¿ secondary' o †̃¿ symptomatic'? The general sense of intellectual woolliness is heightened too by in consistencies in what to call the putative organic cause, referred to variously as †̃¿ brain d mage', †̃¿ brain dysfunction', †̃¿ brain disease', †̃¿ overt brain disease', †̃¿ cerebral disease', †̃¿ brain injury', and so on, and by misleading grammatical errors, such as:


In this paper, first, we derive the operational matrix of two-dimensional orthogonal triangular functions (2D-TFs) for two-dimensional fractional integrals. Then, we apply this operational matrix and properties of Two-dimensional orthogonal triangular functions to reduce two-dimensional fractional integral equations to a system of algebraic equations. Finally, in order to show the validity and efficiency, we present some numerical examples.


The intensifying property of a multilayer structure comprising a pile of aligned plane diffraction gratings was recently described, and the applicability to image intensification from conventional holograms was suggested. The present note reports measurements of intensification optained from a pile of aligned thin conventional holograms of a diffusely scattering object, and a comparison with theory is made. Two sets of thin holograms were recorded, each set comprising a series of n identical holograms of the same back-lighted 5.0cm ground glass (i.e., a multi-point scattering object). The recordings were made on 1 cm portions of Agfa 10E70 film (0.14-mm-thick backing) in 6328-Å laser light using a conventional 2-beam holographic recording arrangement, in which the distance of the target and the reference point from the film were both about 32 cm, and the angle between the central ray from the target and the reference beam was about 30°. The two sets (A and B) differed in that set A (comprising seven recordings) was exposed to a higher density than set B (comprising twelve recordings); the ratio of reference to object beam irradiances (~1.2) was the same in both sets. For each set, direct measurement of image intensification in the reconstructed image was made, using a collimated 8-mm-diam laser beam, by measuring


The minimum divergence estimators have proved to be useful tools in the area of robust inference. The robustness of such estimators are measured using the classical Influence functions. However, in many complex situations like testing a composite hypothesis using divergence require the estimators to be restricted into some subspace of the parameter space. The robustness of these restricted minimum divergence estimators are very important in order to have overall robust inference. In this paper we provide a comprehensive description of the robustness of such restricted estimators in terms of their Influence Function for a general class of density based divergences along with their unrestricted versions. In particular, the robustness of some popular minimum divergence estimators are also demonstrated under certain usual restrictions. Thus this paper provides a general framework for the influence function analysis of a large class of minimum divergence estimators with or without restrictions on the parameters.


The Electro-Optics division at the Defense Research Establishment Valcartier (DREV) has recently embarked on a program to develop an infrared imaging spectrometer system, a device which combines the properties of a radiometer, a thermal imager, and a spectrometer to permit the simultaneous registration of the following attributes of a distant emission source: its infrared intensity, the spatial distribution of its radiation, the spectral distribution of its energy, and its temporal behavior. The DREV instrument couples existing detector and interferometric technologies to produce a novel capability for the measurement of emissions from distant targets. This is a high-technology-based system incorporating: fast microcomputers to handle, in real-time, the vast quantities of raw data generated; specialized IR detector focal plane arrays capable of working in conjunction with spectral measurement modules; and sophisticated algorithms for processing of the spatially resolved spectral information, and for its presentation in a simple and meaningful form.


Abstract : In an effort to validate methodologies to quantify the effect of crack tip constraint on cleavage fracture toughness, a series of experiments were conducted to measure the cleavage fracture toughness, Jc, of an ASTM A515 Grade 70 steel utilizing large plate bend specimens containing semi-elliptical surface cracks, SC(B), (3-D flaw geometry). Jc was estimated with modified EPRI and Turner design curve schemes from load and remote strains measured at initiation. The cleavage toughness of the A515 steel used for this testing was previously characterized using a series of through-cracked single edge notch bend specimens, SE(B), (2-D flaw geometry) with various initial crack-length to specimen-width ratios, a/W. The toughness values measured for the surface cracked plate specimens were consistent with the toughness ranges predicted from the SE(B) results using the toughness scaling and two parameter fracture mechanics (J-Q) methodologies to account for differences in crack tip constraint. This result verifies the applicability of small specimen, constraint adjusted, results to engineering structural integrity prediction for the case of cleavage fracture.


Autism encompasses a set of pluralistic developmental behavioral interactions that are organized into patterns that are both characteristic of the autism diagnosis and unique to the individual. We discuss three aspects underlying the development of autism: nonlinearity, cusps, and the notion of "hidden" skills and deficits. Autistic characteristics may suddenly emerge from skills previously undetected. Because these skills are necessary but not sufficient for the development of other behaviors, they can be identified as behavioral cusps. Because these skills are "hidden" (not readily observed), identifying and assessing them is a challenge to researchers and clinicians. In this paper we discuss some typical hidden skills and deficits that may contribute to the development of autistic behavior and provide examples of how they function developmentally in autism. Early detections of these skills and deficits are crucial for establishing the behavioral developmental cusps for typical development and avoiding the cusps for the development of autism.


Objectives: To calculate the current direct nursing time and indirect nursing time in various wards of a general hospital; to explore the difference among different wards; and to offer evidence to scientific human resource management. Methods: Thirty-seven nurses from different clinical wards were observed. The frequencies of 67 direct nursing items and 17 indirect nursing items were measured and recorded. Among all the items, 16 indirect nursing items were measured in minute. Results: In the total nursing time, 61.80% of it was direct nursing time. There was no significant difference between the internal medical and surgery departments, but both of them were significantly different from the intensive care units. In 100 nursing items, 59.07% of them were occupied by only 13 items. The shortage rate of nurses in this hospital was 17.36%. Conclusions: The measurement of nursing work-load can be used as an index of nursing work-status of a hospital and as the evidence for optimal nursing human resource management.


The analysis of the whole model of train-induced vibration, which consists of the moving train, the track, the supporting infrastructure, the ground, and the building, is currently too large to solve. The authors thus proposed a numerical simulation method by combining two separate dynamic analysis models. One is an analysis model of the dynamic interaction between the moving train and the track-structure system for calculating excitation force. The other is a three dimensional dynamic analysis model of the supporting structure, the ground, and the building for calculating the propagation of vibration.


Objective To observe the clinical value of conservative operative laparoscopy in curing tubal pregnancy.Methods 125 tubal pregnancy patients who received conservative operation were analysised.62 patients received laparoscopy while 63 patients received laparotomy.Their operative time,blood loss,evacuating time,fever morbility,hospitalization,morbility of persistent ectopic pregnancy,morbililty of secondary ectopic pregnancy,postoperative tubal patency rate were compared. Result The evacuating time,fever morbility,hospitalization in the laparoscopy group were less than the laparotomy group significant.The differences of operative time,blood loss,morbility of persistent ectopic pregnancy,morbililty of secondary ectopic pregnancy between the two groups were not statisticly significant.The postoperative tubal patency rate in the laparoscopy was higher than the laparotomy group,and the differences was statisticly significant. Conclusion Conservative operative laparoscopy in curing tubal pregnancy has some advantages such as less trauma,painless,quicker recovery,shorter hospitalization,higher postoperative tubal patency rate,which is more suitable for the patients who had desire for further fertilization.


Facilities such as base stations that are equipped with towers are frequently damaged by direct lightning strikes. A major type of such damage is the failure of low-voltage circuit breakers. There has been almost no consideration of the mode and mechanism of circuit breaker failure. Furthermore, there are no established standards for circuit breaker tolerance of impulse current or testing methods [1][2]. In this paper, we classify the mode of circuit breaker failure due to partial current of direct lightning strike and perform tests in which lightning current is applied to circuit breakers to evaluate the resistance to impulse currents.


Forty two people (men 22, women 20) diagnosed as Durie-Salmon stage IIIA or B multiple myeloma were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide at 400mg and dexamethasone at 40mg (CHD) regardless of body surface for 4 or 5 consecutive days every 3 or 4 weeks from August 1996 through July 2005. The treatment was repeated as long as the patient could tolerate or until disease progressed. The chemotherapy was given to 36 chemo-naive patients as primary therapy and to 6 patients exposed to VAD (vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone) as salvage therapy. Palliative loco-regional radiotherapy was also given to 20 of 44 patients. A total of 433 cycles (mean 10.3, range 2~28 per individual) of chemotherapy were given and the response evaluation was made in accordance to the criteria of Dr. Blade. SD (stable disease) was defined as reduction or increase of myeloma protein within 25%. Six of 36 chemo-naive patients who did not respond to CHD received salvage therapy consisting of VAD or MP (melphalan plus prednisone). Eleven patients (26%) attained CR (complete remission) at a median of 7 cycles (range 4~10), 15 (36%) achieved PR (partial remission) at a median of 3 cycles (range 2~16), 12 (28%) stayed at SD, and 4 patients (10%) showed PD (progressive disease). The measurement of survival duration was started at the beginning of the CHD chemotherapy. The measurement was censored in 6 patients at the time of stem cell transplant, 5 autologous (one was disease free at 108 months after transplant), and 1 allogeneic. On a mean follow-up period of 15.1 months (range 3~59), 15 people remained alive at 3, 3, 3, 4, 6, 6, 8, 10, 14, 15, 16, 16, 16, 26, and 37 months. The mean response duration and OS (overall survival) of the patients who entered CR were 7 (range 2~18) and 31.3 (range 6+~59) months respectively. The correspondent durations of the patients in PR were 7.9 (range 2+~28) and 15 (range 3+~37+). The corresponding durations of the patients in SD were 8.3 (range 2~26) and 13.5 (3+~48). The mean OS duration of the patients in PD was 5.3 (range 3~8). The difference in OS durations between patients in PR and those in SD was not statistically meaningful. Five of 6 patients exposed to VAD responded to CHD, whereas one of 5 patients exposed to CHD did to VAD. Two of 4 patient exposed to CHD responded to MP. Adverse effect was minimal with non-fatal events including 5 febrile episodes of unknown origin, 3 cases of pneumonia, 2 cases of urinary tract infection, 1 case of peritonitis, 1 case of herpes zoster, and 1 case of intractable nausea during the 433 chemotherapy courses. There were 2 cases of fatal septicemia and 1 case of fatal pneumonia during the period. CHD combination chemotherapy seems an active and less toxic regimen in the treatment of multiple myeloma.


This paper reports the fade-slope characteristics of 120-GHz-band wireless links due to rain attenuation and antenna vibration by wind. The wireless link was set up in Atsugi, Japan, and the transmission distance was 400 m. The cumulative distribution is 0.01 % when the rain attenuation fade slope is about 4 dB/10 sec, and the cumulative distribution of the rain attenuation fade slope can be expressed as a gamma distribution. We measured the change of received power during rain and strong wind with an interval of 1 msec and found that the frequency component of the rain attenuation fade slope is below 5 Hz, and the fade slope due to antenna vibration by wind is about 8 Hz.


Pushing city - marketing to make Brand - Quanzhou is one of innovative ideas of developing Quanzhou city which facilitate the construction of modem industry and trade harbor city in the economic zone on the west side of the straits. The keystone of making Brand - Quanzhou is the construction of city brand and carrying out city brand strategy.


In this paper, we present a new explainability formalism designed to explain how the possible values of each input variable in a whole test set impact the predictions given by black-box decision rules. This is particularly pertinent for instance to temper the trust in the predictions when specific variables are in a sensitive range of values, or more generally to explain the behaviour of machine learning decision rules in a context represented by the test set. Our main methodological contribution is to propose an information theory framework, based on entropic projections, in order to compute the influence of each input-output observation when emphasizing the impact of a variable. This formalism is thus the first unified and model agnostic framework enabling to interpret the dependence between the input variables, their impact on the prediction errors, and their influence on the output predictions. Importantly, it has in addition a low algorithmic complexity making it scalable to real-life large datasets. We illustrate our strategy by explaining complex decision rules learned using XGBoost and Random Forest classifiers. We finally make clear its differences with explainability strategies based on single observations, such as those of LIME or SHAP, when explaining the impact of different pixels on a deep learning classifier using the MNIST database.


The mismanagement of plastic materials has grown to become a mounting global pollution concern that is closely implicated in unsustainable production and consumption paradigms. The ecological, social, and economic impacts of plastic waste mismanagement are currently transboundary in nature and have necessitated numerous methods of government intervention in order to address and mitigate the globalized and multifaceted dilemmas posed by high rates and volumes of plastic waste generation. This review examines the current landscape of a plastics economy which has operated with a linear momentum, employing large quantities of primary resources and disincentivizing the functioning of a robust recycling market for collecting plastic waste and reintegrating it into the consumer market. This contextualizes an increasing plastic pollution crisis that has required global efforts to address and mitigate the ecological risks and socio-economic challenges of mismanaged plastic waste. A timeline of government interventions regarding plastic pollution is described, including numerous international, regional, and local actions to combat plastic waste, and this is followed by an examination of the relevance of the extended producer responsibility principle to improve plastic waste management and obligate industry to assume responsibility in waste collection and recycling.


The Cold War was a threatening age but one which, at least, offered a monolithic, clearly indentifiable threat. Now, David Heathcoat, Amory argues, whilst the world is clearly better, safer place, there is a proliferation of disputes and conflicts which; before the break up of the Soviet Union, were sub‐summed under the umbrella of bi‐polar confrontation. Britain now faces the challenge of adapting its security policy to meet the demands of UK security and international crisis management and to react when and wherever necessary, through the auspices of NATO, in a world in which unpredictability and instability are now the norm.


This paper studies mobility in wireless LAN (WLAN, IEEE802.11). Mobility is an instinct nature of WLAN as being wireless. But this mobility is limited by radio propagation and the IEEE802.11 specifications. For seamless mobility in a larger area, e.g., between two extended service sets (ESSs), some sorts of mobility management mechanisms are needed. Mobile IP has been widely considered as a solution for realizing mobility in IP networks. However, in WLAN, the speed of handover is a big challenge, because it is critical for real-time applications such as voice over IP. To counteract these challenges, many approaches for enhancing the performance of Mobile IP have been proposed. This paper will mainly study two mechanisms, namely Hierarchical Mobile IP and link-layer information (or Hint). By combining these enhancement based on Mobile IP, seamless mobility in WLAN should be achieved. [KEYWORD: WLAN, seamless mobility, speed of handover, Mobile IP, hierarchical Mobile IP, link-layer information]


Paper mill effluents that have been subjected to aerobic biological treatment frequently tend to form activated sludge with a high share of filiform microorganisms and a high sludge volume index. However, changes occurring in the microbiota are identified inadequately or too late by the chemical analytics that are typically being applied to monitor waste water treatment plants today. Regular microscopy of the activated sludge by comparison allows timely detection of such changes so that appropriate countermeasures can be initiated. Microscopic studies and measurements of operating conditions which were conducted in 13 waste water treatment plants of the paper industry have successfully identified relevant microorganisms in aerobic-biological treatment plants. The investigations included variation in the microbiota depending on loads and process engineering techniques. 021N, beggiatoa and thiothrix (sulfur bacteria) as well as H. hydrossis and nosticoida limicola were identified to be the dominant filiform bacteria. A database-assisted assessment and information system has been developed to monitor aerobic-biological effluent treatment plants. The system evaluates and compares the results obtained from microscopy and analytics and proposes suitable remedial action in case of operating failures.


Concern over formation damage and efficiencies associated with perforating has led to considerable improvements in both the technology and the processes in recent year. Now a JIP has developed and is delivering a method for 'perfless completion'. In unconsolidated formations, say proponents, it could conceivably replace traditional perforation practices. Rick von Flatern reports.


The invention provides a method and device for preventing vehicle speeding and a vehicle. The method includes the steps of collecting the rotation speed of wheels of the vehicle, collecting a steering angle of a steering mechanism of the vehicle, collecting signals of traffic signal lamps, determining the maximum speed value according to the difference values of the steering angles of two adjacent steering motions of the steering mechanism or the distance of two adjacent traffic signal lamps, obtaining the current speed of the vehicle according to the rotation speed of the wheels, and outputting control signals for adjusting the speed of the vehicle according to comparative results of the current speed and the maximum speed. According to the method and device for preventing vehicle speeding and the vehicle, the maximum speed value required to be controlled is obtained according to judgment on current road conditions, an engine is controlled to reduce the output torque when the vehicle speed value is larger than the maximum speed value, the vehicle speed is slowed down, a driver can be prevented from speeding, and road accidents are reduced.


Differential Equations are indispensable for modelling the real world phenomena. Numerical methods are helpful to arrive at a solution of the problems where it is difficult to find the exact solution. A new third order Runge-Kutta method based on a linear combination of arithmetic mean, geometric mean and centroidal mean is derived to solve initial value problems. Some numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Liner shipping has recently experienced a surprising expansion in the size of the largest container ship. This tendency towards breaching the previously existing size barrier is explained by the potential economies of scale that can be reaped from utilizing such ships. Model outputs provide an insight into optimal container ship size. Suggestions are made concerning the optimal deployment of the current fleet of such vessels, likely future trends in container ship size and deployment and the impact this will undoubtedly have upon container operations, logistical systems, and ports.


We develop an algebraic theory of supports for $R$-linear codes of fixed length, where $R$ is a finite commutative unitary ring. A support naturally induces a notion of generalized weights and allows one to associate a monomial ideal to a code. Our main result states that, under suitable assumptions, the generalized weights of a code can be obtained from the graded Betti numbers of its associated monomial ideal. In the case of $\mathbb{F}_q$-linear codes endowed with the Hamming metric, the ideal coincides with the Stanley-Reisner ideal of the matroid associated to the code via its parity-check matrix. In this special setting, we recover the known result that the generalized weights of an $\mathbb{F}_q$-linear code can be obtained from the graded Betti numbers of the ideal of the matroid associated to the code. We also study subcodes and codewords of minimal support in a code, proving that a large class of $R$-linear codes is generated by its codewords of minimal support.


Video surveillance is a rapidly growing industry. Video surveillance, more commonly called CCTV (closed-circuit television), is an industry that is more than 30 years old and one that has had its share of technology changes.Video Surveillance has become an indispensable component for ensuring public safety in the modern world. Sophisticated video object tracking techniques specially designed for surveillance applications are of increasing importance for analyzing and understanding numerous surveillance videos in an effective manner. A large majority of video surveillance applications are concerned with monitoring activities within structured environments, such as indoor environments, surrounding areas of buildings, highways, traffic junctions, etc., the structures of which are often static and known to the surveillance personnel. One important characteristic of moving objects in these applications is that the motions of objects are constrained by the structure of the environment under surveillance. Therefore, it is beneficial and essential to explore the impacts of the environments upon the object motions, and integrate them into object tracking for improved performances.The problem of video surveillance has been well studied which has been adapted for several issues. The behavior of any human can be monitored through video surveillance. There are number of approaches available for the video surveillance and behavior analysis. The previous methods uses background models, object tracking for the problem of behavior analysis.Pervasive usage of video surveillance is rapidly increasing in developed countries. Continuous security threats to public safety demand use of such systems. Contemporary video surveillance systems offer advanced functionalities which threaten the privacy of those recorded in the video. There is a need to balance the usage of video surveillance against its negative impact on privacy.


This community service program is aimed at (1) improving teacher skills in designing fiction scripts in the form of making children's story books, (2) increasing the positive reputation of the teacher education institution concerned through increasing teacher expertise, the work produced and related positive publications in the mass media, and (3) increasing the intellectual property owned by the teacher in question himself. The participants of this activity were PAUD KB KB teachers 'Aisyiyah Surya Melati, Brajan, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul. Preliminary studies through observation showed that none of these family planning teachers had published children's stories even though they had been struggling with the world of children's education for a long time. Therefore, this program was designed in the form of training in writing children's stories as well as assistance in the publication of these stories. There are 20 participants. This empowerment resulted in an anthology of children's stories with ISBN entitled "Pendar-Pendar Hikmah untuk Si Buah Hati".


Data brokers have traditionally collected data from businesses, government records, and other publicly available offline sources. While each data source may provide only a few elements about a person's activities, data brokers combine these elements to form a detailed, composite view of the consumer's life. The emergence of social media gives data brokers unprecedented opportunities to enhance their profiles. Data brokers are increasingly interested in combining the information collected from offline sources with information publicly available in social networks to profile not only adults but also children. In this paper, we show how data brokers and other third parties can combine online and offline data sources -- namely, public Facebook profiles and voter registration records -- to create detailed profiles of adults, teens, and children in any target city in the US. We outline and execute an approach that leverages a Facebook user's social ties combined with the city's voter registration records to infer the Facebook users who reside in the city. These inferences enable a data broker to create detailed user profiles, which not only include information publicly available from Facebook but also the user's exact residential address, date and year of birth, and political affiliation. We further show how additional inferences can be made from the combined data. We then discuss how this city attack can be extended to create detailed profiles of minors and children. Finally, we make recommendations to Facebook, municipal authorities, and individuals to decrease the risk of this large-scale privacy breach.


has contributed an enthusiastic introduction. At the centre of this anti-colonialism, believes lime. Pakdaman, was hatred of England. But it is arguable that this conclusion leans too heavily upon evidence drawn from Jamal's French period. Afghani's stay in Paris followed experiences in Hyderabad which clearly left him with no fondness for Britain (although the author is as wrong to regard Hunter's Indian Mussulmans as so authoritative a statement of British attitudes to Islam in India as she is to accept Vauquelin's nowexploded story of Afghani's expulsion from Egypt being the result of British pressure) and coincided with the beginnings of the British occupation of Egypt and the first clash with the Mahdi in the Sudan. It is likely that this combination of events would have made Britain for a time the principal bogeyman in the Pan-Islamic pantheon. But the force of Afghani's reaction was redoubled by his being in Paris. A great tactician, always acutely sensitive to his audience and his environment, Afghani rightly perceived that hatred of England would nowhere be better received than in Paris at that time. Except briefly, following the Tobacco Concession episode in Iran, hatred of England does not reappear, in this special form, in his other writings and Britain becomes only one among the European despoilers of Islam. And indeed the successes of Europe against Islam appear in his writings, generally, more as a symptom of the sickness of the Muslim world and as an incitement to modernize its institutions and patterns of thought than as the triumphs of the main enemy to be countered. It was not the Europeans, he argued, but ignorance of science which defeated Islam.


Under the bathroom light in the middle of the night, she saw the male fetus in the toilet bowl. In her frightened eyes it was a full ten inches long, suspended between the white porcelain wall and water. Its flesh was smeared with a faint layer of blood, becoming the light orange color of recently planed wood. The blood that congealed in its recesses clearly outlined the fetus' contours. A pair of disproportionately large round eyes, two protruding eyes. [...] She thought it would not flush away, but it eventually disappeared amidst the surging water.- Eileen Chang, Little Reunion.2(ProQuest: ... denotes non-USASCII text omitted.)The above passage from Eileen Chang's Little Reunion { 7 @3 ® » (2009) vividly describes the novel's protagonist, Jiuli Sheng (Julie Sheng), as she lays eyes on her own aborted fetus. She is horrified by the unborn child's bloody flesh and "disproportionately large" dead eyes, and the sight concurrently arouses intense feelings of wretchedness, disgust, and even fear. This passage stands out in its description of the maternal body as one that is associated with the degeneration and termination of life, rather than an act of procreation. Moreover, the ghastly description of the dead fetus uncannily evokes the spectral fetuses that regularly traversed the pages of Chinese medical texts during the early 1900s. As Frank Dikotter (1998) documents in his historiography of birth defects and eugenics in China, these fetuses were often diagnosed as misshapen lumps of flesh smeared with "foul blood and filthy fluids" that "revealed the imprint of a ghostly face" with large, protruding eyes "like a goldfish" (56). These monstrous shapes were said to have been caused by a libidinous female imagination, reflecting an embryonic fear of the transgression of boundaries between body and mind, where the self is no longer a coherent and autonomous entity (Dikotter, 1998, p. 54-6).The clot of blood and flesh that had colonized Jiuli's womb for months on end comes to embody the power, cruelty, and malignance of the female mind. This interpretation of Jiuli's unnerving confrontation with the lifeless fetus is enhanced by the circumstance that, although readers may speculate Jiuli was impregnated by Shao Zhiyong, her main lover in the novel, the actual father of the baby is never confirmed or disclosed. The portrayal of an experience of femininity and childbirth that is intensely abject, self-destmctive, and degenerative is intricately related to my reading of Eileen Chang's social critique of Chinese modernity. I understand the significance of Jiuli's aborted fetus to be threefold: first, it provides an evocative metonym for Eileen Chang's personal abortive familial and love relationships; secondly, it reveals Chang's views on the sexual union and reproductive process that is always immanently regressive and derivative; thirdly, the dead fetus symbolizes the nonproductive influences of eugenics and invokes abortion as an act closely related to societal decay in the Chinese context.Published posthumously, Little Reunion (2009) has generated critical debates about its literary value, autobiographical authenticity, and Chang's own emotional and political ambivalence towards the work. In a novel centered upon Jiuli's familial and personal love stoiy against the backdrop of World War II, Little Reunion concerns the imbrications of human attachment and war in memory and history. The story is divided into two parts: the first reveals Jiuli's aristocratic but decaying family background when she is growing up during the beginning of Republican China, and the second primarily centers on her tumultuous love affair with Shao Zhiyong. Insofar as Little Reunion can be read as a semi-autobiographical novel, Jiuli represents Chang's alter ego, and the story itself provides insight into Chang's feminine perspective on Chinese modernity and the nonproductive spheres of parent-child relationships, love, and marriage. …


Miguel de Unamuno had great interest in and to the issues of America, especially of Hispanic America. The aim of this article is to refl ect on the reception that he gave to the contemporary Latin American literature, about how he approximated as the work of the Americans writers' and especially Argentinian. Through critical analysis, it will deepen this relationship considering that America was present at his refl ection and concern. As well, it will be conversed briefl y about the literary contributions of the Basque writer in La Nacion and other American journals to demonstrate his interest in the subject.


This paper aims to describe the evolution of religion as a part of human culture that change and progress gradually. In addition, this paper attempts to explain the evolution of religion in relation to the realm of sociology of knowledge. However, the study of social anthropology (generalizing approach) that is a branch of anthropology ethnology at the clump of science seems to provide a space for discussion of sociology that connected with the science. This also indicates that the study of sociology, at certain stages cannot be discharged with the approach anthropology science. Keyword: Agama, evolusi, sosiologi


The authors argue that the development and use of elaborate embedded directory structures or file plans, derived from functional analysis, should be a key component in the future development of the discipline of records management. Directory structures thus conceptualised are explicitly intellectual constructs and their construction will require considerable effort, particularly if they are to be portable. Their greatest advantage is that they provide a coherent schema from which to derive folder/file names that can be embedded in metadata. One of the major challenges is to design systems that derive metadata from the directory structure or file plan and attach them automatically to documents at the point of creation, thereby minimising the need for human intervention and opportunities for human error.


Lead Instructor: Soorya Kabekkodu, International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD), USA (Figure 1). Assisted by: T. N. Guru Row, IISc, India, Graciela Delgado, Universidad de los Andes, Venezuela (Figure 2). The Power Diffraction File (PDF) contains over 700 000 entries in two major databases. Release 2010 PDF-4+ contains predominately inorganic materials and has 301 282 material data sets and PDF-4/Organics contains organic and pharmaceutical materials and has 436 901 material data sets. This workshop demonstrated the extensive data mining potential of the PDF-4+ database using the powerful search capabilities of DDview and worked examples. The database itself can be data mined to provide insights into the materials state of matter, crystallinity, solid solution behavior, polymorph composition, and multiphase composition. The following topics were covered at the workshop:


Supply-chains are large systems consisting of many components interacting in complex ways. The challenge faced by companies is how to design and manage such systems. Modeling and simulation enables analysis of complex systems but as the model increases in size and realism, a distribution capability is needed. While the High Level Architecture provides the infrastructure needed for large-scale distributed simulation, it does not have a mechanism to coordinate the configuration and invocation of geographically distributed models through a single point of access. This capability is provided by Web services. By publishing the HLA-based simulation models of their enterprise as Web services, companies can critically compare customized supply-chain scenarios by configuring, executing and analyzing the corresponding distributed simulations. This paper describes an approach that uses Web services and Business Process Execution Language to support the business process (discovery, configuration, deployment and execution) of carrying out large-scale distributed simulations using the HLA framework.


New Event Detection is a challenging task that still offers scope for great improvement after years of effort. In this paper we show how performance on New Event Detection (NED) can be improved by the use of text classification techniques as well as by using named entities in a new way. We explore modifications to the document representation in a vector space-based NED system. We also show that addressing named entities preferentially is useful only in certain situations. A combination of all the above results in a multi-stage NED system that performs much better than baseline single-stage NED systems.


This study presents the results of soil moisture investigation carried by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division using Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensor (CRNS). The measurements have been collected at several studied sites in Austria. The Petzenkirchen study which is within the Austrian Institute for Land and Water Management Research employing stationary CRNS has been established in Dec. 2013 and it provides major dataset for this study. It represents small watershed in hilly area of northern footslopes of Alps. Apart of that the short-term measurement campaigns were carried out using back-pack CRNS in alluvial plain east of Neusiedler See and in mountainous areas of Rauris Municipality in central part of Austrian Alps.


PBS was synthesized by solution combined with melt polycondensation.The factors of reaction temperature,reaction time and the catalyst affected the PBS synthesis were discussed,and the optimum synthesized technology was obtained,with control variables method for repeated experiments,and taking the color of the synthetic products as the experimental index.


This report is a supplement to the video presentation "Guidelines for Spring Highway Use Restrictions." Air temperature based criteria (thawing index) were developed which can be used to estimate when to apply and remove load restrictions. This supplement provides guidelines for where to apply load restrictions, the amount of the load restrictions to apply and when to apply and remove load restrictions. Example calculations and a blank data collection sheet are also included.