We provide a new algorithm that translates a unitary matrix into a quantum circuit accordingto the G = KAK theorem in Lie group theory. With our algorithm, any matrixdecomposition corresponding to ...


In the presence of CrIII a variety of carbonyl compounds, including polyene compounds such as β-ionone and retinal, are electro-reduced smoothly to pinacols under chemically mild conditions and at relatively low potentials; a mechanism involving reduction of a complex between CrIII and the carbonyl compound is proposed.


Objective To observe the changes of NUCB2 in gastric mucosa in mice before and after fasting. MethodsThe gastric mucosa in mice with normal diet and that after fasting for 48 h were taken for detection of mRNA expression of NUCB2 by PCR,and NUCB2 protein by Western blot. Results The levels of the mRNA expression of NUCB2 were not significantly different between fasting and normal-diet groups,but the protein expression of NUCB2 was significantly decreased in fasting group(t=9.59,P0.01). Conclusion The changes of NUCB2 protein after fasting 48 h were taken place in translation or post-translation level.


It is not known whether patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a different exercise capacity with (CB+) or without accompanying chronic bronchitis (CB−).


In this paper, a green and facile protocol was described which was efficient for synthesis of benzimidazoles using nano-Fe3O4 catalyst with continuous bubbling of air as the oxidant in PEG-400/H2O aqueous system at room temperature. This protocol afforded the target products in good to excellent yields and the catalytic system could be recycled and reused without significant loss of catalytic activity. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Dr. Medina is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Liberty University (Lynchburg, Va.), where also he leads the development of the Mechanical Engineering Program. He obtained a B.Sc. in Engineering from the Colorado School of Mines, and both M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering from the Virginia Commonwealth University. Prior to graduate school, he worked in industry and as a high school teacher for several years in his native Venezuela and Aruba. Since 2012, he has published more than a dozen articles in peer-review journals and conference proceedings. Journals include Applied Mechanics Reviews, Polymer, and International Journal of Solids and Structures. He has also presented at both national and international podiums and won presentation awards at ICONE20 and ICONE21.


We advocate here that the tractarian image of Logic was the great responsible for its collapse. We examine then some mentions of colors in Wittgenstein´s first book to show that its logic holds a conflict between truth-functionality (explicitly assumed and advocated there) and a (hidden) holism. This antagonism was already set in the very formulation of its ontology. Wittgenstein himself admits he did not notice this by the time of the Tractatus ´ elaboration. If he had noticed it, he could have anticipated the Color Exclusion Problem. We discuss also unexpected interferences of space and time in the environment, which presented both the special kind of color exclusion (to be found in other systems) and his original notions of Logic. This shows inter alia that the image of coordinate system was modulating both the logical space notion in the Tractatus and its natural development in several systems of propositions [ Satzsysteme ] in his return to Philosophy.


Consideration of the average pore water pressure and average unit weight of soil in the slope of a levee, ignoring the position of phreatic line for stability analysis is not correct. In addition, the influence of a rock-filled portion on the upstream slope, ignored in Kozeny analysis, plays a significant role in the stability of the downstream slope. In this study, levees resting on an impervious base, without a filter and with a filter, taking into consideration a realistic pore water pressure and corresponding seepage force, with unsaturated and saturated unit weights of soil above and below the phreatic line, respectively, by taking into account the capillary effect, location of the inverted filter and rock-filled portion of the upstream slope have been analysed. A numerical technique has been applied to compute the elevation of the phreatic line and a computer program was developed. The appropriate unit weight of soil above and below the phreatic line, taking into consideration the capillary effect, and actual pore water pressure ensure greater safety of the downstream slope. The factor of safety has been found to be 16.5% more for a levee with a filter than a levee without a filter for an upstream pondage depth of 18 m, this is increased by 22.0% in cases where there is an upstream rock-filled portion.


Financial illiteracy is widespread amongst the elderly. Financially illiterate people are more likely to experience asset loss and outlive their savings after retirement. This paper measures financial literacy of elderly Australians using Item Responses Theory. Using a Lasso regression, we find that younger, married males with higher income and greater net wealth are more likely to be financially literate. Better financial literacy is also associated with good health, higher educational attainment, better occupation and outright home ownership. Our findings suggest policy‐makers take action and we make informed and practicable policy recommendations.


The reflection on the field of Ethics has always permeated philosophical reflection. Ethics can not
be dissociated from citizen formation and the formation of the critical subject in relation to the
world and social relations. The objective of this dissertation is to draw a dialogue with the Ethics,
from authors like Kant and Aristotle. It discusses through the theoretical framework the conditions
and processes in which the virtuous formation of man is given. It brings some reflections on the
contemporary school. This issue is indissociable from a pedagogical training geared towards
human, critical and citizen formation. The exchanges, experiential and world views constitute a
complex web of meanings for a rich reflexive, ethical and philosophical formation to the student.
In this sense, the school has the potential to be explored, even though it is still incipient, since its
formation and learning processes that lead to autonomy and ample virtuous and ethical
formation, to think and read the world critically have not been unleashed.


One of the explicit goals of many recent and ongoing criminal justice interventions is to target youth most at risk for involvement in serious, chronic, and violent offending. While targeted programs appear promising at the conceptual level, data limitations have made systematic evaluations of the efficacy of such practices difficult to achieve. The current study helps to fill this void in the literature by examining the relative risk of youth targeted for prevention and intervention services with a comparable sample of youth from the general school population in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Results suggest that youth targeted by the program under study were significantly less at risk in three of the four risk domains examined, and in seven of the twelve associated subdomains. Further, the nontargeted sample had higher accumulated risk than the targeted sample, which is a robust predictor of gang involvement. Implications for targeted prevention and intervention programs are discussed.


Storable Votes and Quadratic Voting are voting systems designed to account for voters' intensity of preferences. We test their performance in two samples of California residents using data on four initiatives prepared for the 2016 California ballot. We bootstrap the original samples and generate two sets of 10,000 multi-elections simulations. As per design, both systems induce minority victories and result in higher expected welfare relative to majority voting. In our parametrization, quadratic voting induces more minority victories and achieves higher average welfare, but causes more frequent inefficient minority victories. The results are robust to different plausible rules-of-thumb in casting votes. Alessandra Casella Department of Economics Columbia University 420 West 118 Street New York, NY 10027 and NBER email@example.com Luis Sanchez Department of Economics Cornell University 404 Uris Hall Ithaca, NY 14853 email@example.com Experimental Instructions are available at http://www.nber.org/data-appendix/w25510 Storable Votes and Quadratic Voting. An Experiment on Four California Propositions Alessandra Casella and Luis Sanchez∗ January 19, 2019 Abstract Storable Votes and Quadratic Voting are voting systems designed to account for voters' intensity of preferences. We test their performance in two samples of California residents using data on four initiatives prepared for the 2016 California ballot. We bootstrap the original samples and generate two sets of 10,000 multi-elections simulations. As per design, both systems induce minority victories and result in higher expected welfare relative to majority voting. In our parametrization, quadratic voting induces more minority victories and achieves higher average welfare, but causes more frequent inefficient minority victories. The results are robust to different plausible rules-of-thumb in casting votes.Storable Votes and Quadratic Voting are voting systems designed to account for voters' intensity of preferences. We test their performance in two samples of California residents using data on four initiatives prepared for the 2016 California ballot. We bootstrap the original samples and generate two sets of 10,000 multi-elections simulations. As per design, both systems induce minority victories and result in higher expected welfare relative to majority voting. In our parametrization, quadratic voting induces more minority victories and achieves higher average welfare, but causes more frequent inefficient minority victories. The results are robust to different plausible rules-of-thumb in casting votes.


The aim of this thesis is to determine the syntactic structure of Japanese clauses and noun phrases through examining, among other things, several types of constituent order variation in the language which are of ten collectively referred to as ' sc rambl ing ' . The analysis that I suggest has novel features that are of general linguistic interest. The major points that I make are (i) that lexical heads in Japanese are allowed to combine with their arguments and adjuncts in any order and in any configurat ion, thus giving rise to completely flat structure, partially flat structure, binary branching structure, structure in which the object NP asymmetrically c-commands the subject NP, etc., (ii) that no fil ler-gap dependencies exist in Japanese syntax, and (iii) that the internal structure of Japanese clauses is analogous to that of German verb-final clauses, Korean clauses, etc., but not to that of German verb-second clauses or English clauses. The last two of these claims are not original; but some of the arguments I adduce for them are. After an introduction (Chapter 1), I review previous analyses of Japanese phrase structure and present my alternative hypothesis , which I call the symmetric ivy structure hypothesis, in Chapter 2, and then attempt to jus t i fy that hypothesis in Chapters 3 through 7, which deal with the issues of unmarked constituent order, binding, quantif ier floating, scope relations, and particle ellipsis, respectively. It is claimed in these chapters that the symmetric ivy structure hypothesis provides simple analyses for the kinds of phenomena that pose diff iculty to the widely accepted theory of Japanese phrase structure. In Chapter 8 it is argued that alleged


Thermal conductivity measurements at 298°K have been made on a series of antimony-arsenic alloys with arsenic concentration up to 60 atomic percent. In a central range of the composition the lattice thermal conductivity was found to increase anomalously. The results are discussed on the basis of Klemens-Drabble theory. It is suggested that the increase in lattice thermal conductivity, is attributable to a possible existence of the ordered alloy SbAs in Sb-As system.


Abscess formation is a common cause of hospital admission among intravenous drug abusers. As vascular access becomes more difficult secondary to venous sclerosis, subcutaneous extravasation of irritants and bacteria occurs, resulting in injection abscesses. When addicts can no longer inject drugs intravenously, they often resort to the intentional subcutaneous administration of drugs known commonly as skin popping. These Tc-99m HMPAO labeled WBC images and lower extremity radiographs are from a 29-year-old man with a 6-month history of nonhealing ulcers and skin necrosis of both legs due to skin popping of heroin and cocaine.


The increasing use of mobile robots in laboratory settings has led to a higher degree of laboratory automation. However, when mobile robots move in laboratory environments, mechanical errors, environmental disturbances, and signal interruptions are inevitable. This can compromise the accuracy of the robot's localization, which is crucial for the safety of staff, robots, and the laboratory. A novel time-series predicting model based on the data processing method is proposed to handle the unexpected localization measurement of mobile robots in laboratory environments. The proposed model serves as an auxiliary localization system that can accurately correct unexpected localization errors by relying solely on the historical data of mobile robots. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed method.


In the construction of the large section box-type ventilation duct of metro with two storeys and double spans,there are many construction features involving large-span excavation,such as complex temporary support system,complicated force transfer for secondary structure and so on.Taking the successful practice of No.1 ventilation duct of Shiliuzhuang road subway station as an example,the paper analyses and summarizes several key technologies such as center heading excavation,force transfer,construction by parts and so on.Reasonable force transfer technique adopted in the construction ensured the stability and safety of the primary support,and strict monitoring and supervision ensured the quality of the secondary lining of the duct.


Dr. Levitt's thoughtful evaluation1of our paper "Statistics, Science, and Psychiatry"2was welcomed by us. It is evident that our sobering conclusions that statistical evaluationsas they are generally appliedto many psychiatric problems are unwarranted and misleading do require careful consideration. He is correct in his statement that many of our arguments revolve around the meaning of the word "population" in research, and that if the population is large it is necessary to have recourse to a sample from which to draw inferences about the population itself. An inference concerning the population may not be 100% accurate, but statistical sampling theory will enable us to determine the probable amount of error attached to it. So far, so good. The important point is, however, that the samplemust represent the population from which it was drawn.Such samples are usually either random


A new regulation for the safety assessment of dams has just been developed in Italy and its approval process is still in progress. As a matter of fact the behaviour of dams under seismic loading conditions is deemed of actual interest due to the recent seismic events occurred. In earthquake analysis, some of the most challenging aspects dam engineers have to deal with are: the capability to take duly into account the dam-reservoir and foundation rockreservoir interactions; a careful evaluation of the maximum displacements/stresses of the concrete structures; a proper choice of constitutive models. This paper shows how COMSOL Multiphysics can afford the safety assessment of a large concrete arch dam under dynamic excitation, taking into account the dam-reservoir and foundation rock-reservoir interactions as well.


The 7.6-eV-isomer of Thorium-229 offers the opportunity to perform high resolution laser spectroscopy of a nuclear transition. We give a brief review of the investigations of this isomer. The nuclear resonance connecting ground state and isomer may be used as the reference of an optical clock of very high accuracy using trapped and laser-cooled thorium ions, or in a compact solid-state optical frequency standard of high stability.


Abstract This article introduces a conceptual distinction between diversity-claims and equality-claims in order to reflect critically on the relation between federalism and democracy in India, which is not adequately problematized and somewhat neglected. Federalism and democracy suggest two different problematics, but in India democracy has often played second fiddle to the claims of diversity. As a result, India's success as a federation has not been paralleled by its record as a democracy in terms of its equality functions. Since the article engages with the issue of accommodation of diversity in the wake of federation-building, and the relation between federalism and democracy, critical references are made to the relevant theoretical literature in order to point out federalism's new problematic and its pitfalls. With the Indian case as a major illustration, it is shown here that the institutional arrangements and governing practices have overwhelmingly been given priority to meet the claims of diversity to the relative neglect of equality-claims.


Conceptual processing relies on the perceptual system, and, as such, perception affects conception. Many studies have demonstrated perceptual-conceptual interference, where perceptual stimulation in a particular modality leads to slower and/or less accurate conceptual processing of information from the same modality (e.g., Kaschak et al., 2005, 2006; Vermeulen et al., 2008). However, many other studies have demonstrated perceptual-conceptual facilitation, where perceptual stimulation leads to faster and/or more accurate conceptual processing in the same modality (Kaschak et al., 2006; van Dantzig et al., 2008; Connell et al., 2012; Connell and Lynott, in preparation).

At first glance, this apparent discrepancy seems like a serious problem for accounts of simulation-based concepts. Such theories hold that offline representations—that is, representations of objects and events that are not in the current environment (Wilson, 2002)—are functionally comprised of partial replays (i.e., simulations) of the neural activation captured during perceptual, motor, affective, and other experience (Barsalou, 1999, 2008; Glenberg and Gallese, 2012; Connell and Lynott, submitted). If conceptual representations therefore require modality-specific perceptual simulation, then why do they not consistently interact with perception? Why does perceptual stimulation sometimes impair and sometimes facilitate conceptual processing?

One account proposed that the difference lies in whether perceptual stimulation is concurrent with the conceptual task or precedes it, and whether or not the perceptual stimulus can be easily integrated into the simulation required by the conceptual task (Kaschak et al., 2005). According to this account, interference occurs when a concurrent perceptual stimulus cannot be integrated into the simulation required by the conceptual task. For example, Kaschak and colleagues argued that an upward-scrolling visual display could not be easily integrated with the sentence The cat climbed the tree, and hence interfered with its simulation. Facilitation occurs when a perceptual stimulus can be easily integrated into a simulation, regardless of whether the perceptual and conceptual components of the trial are presented concurrently or sequentially. For example, an image of a car would facilitate understanding a sentence like The car approached you.

However, this account cannot easily explain later findings. For example, concurrent tactile stimulation, in the form of vibrations to the palms and fingers, facilitates people's ability to judge the size of manipulable objects (Connell et al., 2012). Vibrotactile stimulation seems at least as distant from object representations of wallets and keys as upward-scrolling lines are from a cat climbing a tree. Yet, even though both perceptual stimuli appear "nonintegratible," the former produced facilitation and the latter interference.


Previous attempts to present one-dimensional distributions of solar flares in various astronomical coordinate systems are criticized. The peaks found in the galactic-longitude distribution of solar flares are not physically significant but are a purely geometrical effect.


The major diseases of developing countries are caused by various types of worms fungi protozoa bacteria viruses rickettsiae and other less well-defined pathogens. The following are 3 different strategies for prevention treatment and eventual eradication of these various infectious diseases: 1) strengthening the human host through immunization correction of nutritional deficiencies and use of drugs; 2) modification of the environment to lower risk of contact between the human population and the pathogens through sterilization ecology and reservoir control; and 3) destruction of pathogens after invasion of the body by chemotherapeutic agents or by specific immunotherapy. Of the 87 infectious diseases specifically mentioned mass immunization methods exist against 10 of them excellent chemotherapy exists for 23 others satisfactory chemotherapy for 22 unsatisfactory chemotherapy against 22 and no chemotherapy against 10.


A zeolite membrane reactor concept for the hydroisomerization of n-hexane was applied experimentally. The results indicate separation selectivities with factors close to 20 for n-, mono- and dibranched components in a gas mixture, as well as n-hexane conversions up to equilibrium values. The research octane number calculated for the product stream of the different experiments indicates numbers as high as 85. For the hydroisomerization of C 7 alkanes, a concept of two reactors and a zeolite membrane was proposed and an industrial scale process was simulated. A high octane number product containing tribranched, and a part of dibranched, C 7 isomers is predicted. Although the product yield was calculated to be only 24% of the process feed, there was an improvement in a research octane number from 57 for the feed to 92 for the product. Both processes show that the application of zeolite membranes in the hydroisomerization of light alkanes can results in a octane number higher, than in the "state of the art" processes. The membrane unit, however, is the main cost driver of the processes, thus, the economical feasibility of industrial scale light alkanes hydroisomerization processes using zeolite membranes is restricted to its further commercial development.


Isn't it strange, how little we have known, until now, about the bacterial communities burgeoning within the bowels of Irish thoroughbred racehorses?


The woodbridge Clay Member of the Raritan Formation of New Jersey yields the oldest marine fauna known from the Upper Cretaceous of the United States Atlantic seaboard. This fauna is dominated by bivalves and gastropods (Richards, 1943; Stephenson, 1954), which have sufficient elements in common with the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation of Texas to suggest a Cenomanian age (Stephenson, 1954, p. 26), and this has been supported by data from megascopic plant remains and pollen (see review in Christopher, 1977; Doyle and Robbins, 1977, and references therein). The discovery, by N. F. Sohl, of two ammonite fragments in the Woodbridge Clay Member provides the first evidence for the assignment of the member within the Cenomanian Stage. The specimens came from sideritic concretions in the Woodbridge Member at the claypit of the Sayreville-Fisher Brick Company at Sayreville, Middlesex County, New Jersey (USGS Mesozoic locality 29584). General descriptions of the Raritan succession are given in Owens and Sohl (1969), Owens et al. (1977), and Owens (1983).


The concept of hands-on, heads-on, and hearts-on (3Hs) education, which conceptualises "whole-child" development in terms of a child's cognitive, social, physical, and affective domain can be appropriately integrated into elementary engineering education. This study aimed to assess parents' perceptions on a 3Hs elementary engineering education program, Let's Go to Mummie's Lab , which they participated as co-facilitators. Using survey questionnaires and interviews, the parents' opinions on this 3Hs program were collected and analysed. The study found that the parents gave positive responses to this 3Hs program from the aspects of training session, teaching materials as well as the benefits of this program to the parents themselves and the young students. The parents suggested that making the activities more diverse and prolonging the duration of this program could ensure its sustainability. Training session for parents and physical environment also needed to be improved. This study suggests that 3Hs elementary engineering education can be promoted through activity-based, constructivist education environment, interest-based learning, and play. This research encourages schools to involve parents in promoting 3Hs elementary engineering education for the benefits of stakeholders, including parents and young children.


Abstract Introduction. The nursing profession in Poland is subject to continuous transformations, but it should follow the directions based on the common framework for the development of specialist nursing, drawn up by international specialist nurses associations in Europe. A change in the nursing education system in Poland has provided an opportunity for progress based on consistent framework. Summary. Nurse education organised in a system of first cycle and second cycle university courses was a milestone towards improving the status of the nursing profession. The improved position of Polish nurses paved the way for further advancements in this profession and in the related scientific research, which in the past was rarely conducted by Polish nurses; today more and more research teams are launched and operate both at universities and in nurses' scientific associations.


Shows Von Tempsky, smoking a pipe and seated by the cartwheel in the foreground, with Dr I. E. Featherston standing behind him. Sergeant Birchfield may be the standing soldier on the left, guarding the group. Seated are Maori guide Te Mahuki and his wife Takeroa (Lucy). There is a horse standing by the cart on the right. There is a billy boiling on a campfire in the centre of the group of figures. The group is in the foreground looking out over an encampment at the right in mid-distance, with troops moving on lower further hills, and in the distance a hilltop fort or pa, with a flag flying. There is a cabbage tree in the left foreground.
Exhibited in 'Wide-Eyed: Early Images of New Zealand' exhibition of works by settler artists, held at the National Library of New Zealand Gallery, 18 July - 9 November 1997.
Quantity: 1 watercolour(s).
Physical Description: Watercolour 254 x 352 mm
Provenance: Possibly collection of Alexander Horsburgh Turnbull.


Failure detection device for a hydraulic motor of the present invention includes a hydraulic pump 3 driven by a prime mover 2, the hydraulic motor 1 which is driven by oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 3, the abnormality detecting apparatus for detecting an abnormal operation of the hydraulic motor 1 includes a 35, the abnormal operation of the hydraulic motor 1 is detected by the abnormality detecting apparatus 35, and a warning device 30,39,40 for issuing an alarm.


Reactions of benzoyl peroxide with 4-[4-(dimethylamino)styryl]pyridine and its N-oxide have been studied in chlorobenzene within temperature range of 283-308 K. Under peroxide excess pseudo-first order rate constants havebeen found, which are nonlinearly related on the peroxide concentration. This fact is explained by the formation of the complex of benzoyl peroxide with amines. Rate constants of decomposition of complexes and equilibrium constants of the complex formation have been determined. The presence of free radicals has been established in the reactions. The radical formation efficiency for the reactions under investigation is about 60 %. The dominant effect of dimethylamino group on the acceleration of benzoyl peroxide decomposition has been shown.


Economic activity is becoming increasingly globalised. Multinational enterprises, which are the main drivers of that process, are reconsidering the role of their subsidiaries. In countries where the industrialisation process was heavily dependent on multinationals, such as Brazil, these changes are intrinsically relevant, as they influence the operations of local companies as well as the definition of economic and industrial policies. This paper, based on longitudinal studies of 21 leading Brazilian companies (11 subsidiaries and 10 local), identifies the different roles performed by the subsidiaries in the global competitive strategies chosen by distinct TNCs as well as the strategic and organisational changes adopted by local companies aiming to participate in global productive chains and networks. The final picture reveals that the transition to a globalised competition logically requires the development of new concepts of production systems for developed and developing countries.


Viewing television news programs is frequently blamed for the decline of the afternoon newspaper. This study compared Nielsen ratings with newspaper circulation figures to determine if there is a relationship between the presence of an evening newspaper and highly rated newscasts. No relationship was found. However, some significant variations were found between market size and location, and the ratings for local and network newscasts.


Several potential applications for analog VLSI vector-matrix multiplier circuits are described. These applications include a bank of multi-dimensional convolution filters, a matrix-matrix multiplier, a discrete Fourier and Hartley transform processor, and a high speed two- dimensional template matcher.


Aim. To assess the efficacy of torasemide for changes of electrical instability of the heart in patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation during the period after myocardial infarction. Material and methods. Ninety six patients with mitral regurgitation, with Q-myocardial infarction (Q-MI) had been randomized to two groups. During six months after discharge, in the control group 1, of 46 patients, the standard therapy applied (clopidogrel, acetylsalicylic acid, nebivolol, perindopril). In the study group 2, of 50 patients, additionally torasemide was used. At baseline, in 3 and 6 months Holter ECG monitoring was performed. Results. In the group 1 patients with mitral regurgitation post Q-MI, with the standard treatment, there was decrease of silent myocardial ischemia (3,6±0,5 — baseline; 3,3±0,5 and 3,1±0,3 — in 3 and 6 months, respectively, p 1 mm, number of patients with supra- and ventricular extrasystoles (p>0,05) and increase of the number of anginal ischemia (2,1±0,4 — baseline, 2,2±0,2 and 2,3±0,1 — in 3 and 6 months, respectively, p>0,05). In the group 2 patients, in 6 months of treatment there was decrease of number of silent (2,1±0,3) ischemia episodes, duration of anginal (7,3±2,1 min) and silent (4,3±1,2 min) ischemia comparing to baseline (8,8±1,2; 10,6±2,7 and 8,8±1,2 min — respectively, p 1 mm episodes (1,2±0,2 vs 2,0±0,4 mm at baseline) and relative values of the patients number with the registered supra- and ventricular extrasystoles (38% and 44%, respectively, versus 62% and 84% at baseline, p>0,05). Conclusion. The usage of torasemide combination with standard treatment decreases the number of episodes, duration of silent and anginal myocardial ischemia, rate of registered supra- and ventricular extrasystoles in mitral regurgitation patients post Q-MI, comparing to separate standard treatment. Also, the rate of anginal ischemia episodes does not change in 3 and 6 months of standard treatment.


A fusion thruster based on a flow-stabilized Z-pinch holds promise as a high-power, high-specific-impulse space thruster. Several challenges must be met in the development of a Z-pinch space thruster, one of which is preventing the destruction of the Z-pinch by classical magnetohydrodynamic instabilities. Linear stability analysis has shown that flow shear could limit the destructive eects of these instabilities. This result is supported by experimental measurements made on the ZaP Flow Z-Pinch Experiment, which has formed sheared-flow Z-pinch plasmas that exhibit characteristics of stability for over one thousand theoretical instability growth times. A second challenge is designing the thruster to withstand the power load from the fusion reaction. A deuterium-tritium-fueled Z-pinch operating at a temperature of 15 keV is estimated to have a peak fusion power density of 2 ◊ 10 16 W/m 3 , which would be dicult to handle in steady-state. Pulsed operation of the thruster would reduce the energy-handling requirements.


Brain tumor detection using MRI image calculation accurate value. Another process is CTscan; X-ray not correctly identified precise size and aria in this two method. In using Image processing and Matlab –SFCM algorithm calculate particular size and accurate aria value without losing information and correct. In particular fined three stages in patients first one Normal, Second one– Begin, Third oneMalignant. Brain tissue is susceptible but manually method using not possible accurate size and size. These project in PNN (Probabilistic Neural Network) classified patients is Normal, Begin, Malignant and SFCM – the Spatial Fuzzy C-Mean algorithm using calculate Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy overall process in less time.PNN method gives input to MRI Image, this image compeer to the database of MRI image then classification is done.After identification process full this database store in raspberry –pi kit only put image file name particular in program witch image result send to doctor mail id. RaspberryPi kit transmitting the image by mail to specific doctor mailID in less time without opening mail identifier of the user. Keywords—MR images, tumor detection method, Fuzzy C -Means Clustering , medical imaging system. Raspberry –Pi hardware. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Media education should strive to shape an attitude of active creativity which ought to become a desired alternative for the passive way of experiencing the media. Therefore media education is a precious form of education, however, it is still imperfect and requires constructive changes. Meanwhile, in Polish education system there is no clear definition of media literacy, of what should be called media education and to what objectives that education should lead. The main goal of the research was the overview of the history of media education in Polish educational system and the practices for developing media education and media literacy in Poland, as well the teachers' attitudes towards media education and ways of developing media literacy among pupils. In order to collect empirical material, a survey was conducted among teachers from the Silesian Voivodship. The study involved 87 teachers. As well the analysis of content was used concerning strategic international and national documents, encompassing the points mentioned above. The best way to characterize the state of media education in Poland is to say that the policy makers, people who decide about its popularization in schools, prefer to be conservative about the whole concept.


During the period of 1957—1959, ergot strains Ce5, Ce5-29-1 and Ce5-35-3 of Claviceps microcephala (Wallr.) Tul. were cultivated on varieties of wheat, barley and rye. Strain Ce5 was shown to be very virulent to wheat, barley and rye, the severity of infection ranged from 56 to 96 per cent, rye being more susceptible than either barley or wheat. Among the varieties of rye, Shen-Nun-Polyploid was found to be the most susceptible (96% Spikes infected); Spring rye appeared to be less susceptible than winter rye, with 80—90% and 93—95% infected spikes respectively. The thousand-grain-weight of sclerotia produced by Ce5 varied with different hosts and decreased in the follwing order: rye, barley and wheat; they were 37—49g, 25—44 g and 21—34 g respectively. The alkaloid content of ergot produced by Ce5 varied within the range of 0.078—0.4%, ergot from Hull-less barley being the highest (0.4%) and the wheat variety Nan-Tai 2419 the lowerest (0.076%). The alkaloid content of ergot from ten varieties of rye varied within the range of 0.22—0.40% (1957—1959) and were close to that of the cultivated ergot from Hungary (0.297—0.483%). Of these rye varieties, Shen-Nun-Polyploid and Petcosk produced ergot which contained the highest amount of alkaloids (0.29%) while ergot from Voponoshk contained the lowest. Ergot from the barley variety "Blue Awn" contained 0.19% alkaloids while those produced by twelve varieties of wheat contained alkaloids not more than 0.25%. Under cultivation, virulence and alkaloid producing capability of Ce5-29-1 and Ce5-35-3 were comparable to that of their parental strain Ce5. Strain Ce5-29-1 appeared to be better than Ce5-35-3. A white variant Ce5-w was also cultivated and was found to be more virulent to four varieties of rye including Changpei. Considerable amount of alkaloid was also produced. Strains Sc2-4, Sc6-2 and Sc9-5 of Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. were cultivated on four varieties of rye; the percentage of infected spikes varied from 48 to 98 per cent and the alkaloid production was rather low (0—0.14%).


642 Background: The NeoSphere trial (Gianni et al. [2012]) compared the following regimens for neoadjuvant treatment in HER2+, locally advanced, inflammatory or early breast cancer: 1) trastuzumab and docetaxel (TH) 2) pertuzumab, trastuzumab and docetaxel (THP), 3) pertuzumab plus trastuzumab (HP), and 4) pertuzumab plus docetaxel (TP). The pathological complete response (pCR) rates were 29.0% for TH, 45.8% for THP, 16.8% for HP, and 24.0% for TP. THP significantly increased the pCR rate. We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of THP compared to other treatment regimens in the neoadjuvant setting based on the pCR results from NeoSphere. Methods: We constructed a combined decision-analytic (decision tree) and partitioned survival (area under the curve) model with three health states: disease-free (DF), progressive disease (PD), and death. The decision tree modeled the probability of pCR and the partitioned survival model projected life expectancy of patients who did or did not achieve pCR. Utility dat...


ABSTRACT Detection of Cucumber Mosaic Virus( CMV ) and Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus ( ChiVMV) on Weed Commelina spp. In Cropping Chilli Pepper( Capsicum spp .) Through Serology and Molecular Test This study aims to determine the type of weed Commelina spp. which became an alternative host Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Chili veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) in pepper, as well as the detection of CMV and ChiVMV which infects the weed Commelina spp. use molecular methods. DAS-ELISA ( Double Antibody Sandwich-Enzyme Link ed Immunosorbent Assay ) and molecular techniques through RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction) are used. Research activities include (1) Survey mosaic symptoms and disease incidence in the field; (2) Identification the type of weed that grows on pepper plants area; (3) Preservation of samples Commelina spp. weed and chili which virussymptomatic; (4) Test through DAS-ELISA serology; (5) Molecular detection by RT-PCR. The research proves that the weed Commelina spp . can be alternate hosts ChiVMV and CMV, also CMV and ChiVMV can infect weedsCommelina spp in chilicropping. DAS-ELISA test results show samples of the weed Commelina spp . and chili infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Chili veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV). RT-PCR technique successfully applying DNA target fragment size of 657 bp and 900 bp for CMV and ChiVMV accordance with the specific primers used. Keyword : Chili pepper , CMV , ChiVMV , weeds com m elina


For the last twenty years, the concept of content area reading has been a major topic in the research and professional literature. This notion, however, was not an invention of the 60s; research contributing to this area is documented fifty years earlier. Another recent trend has been the emergence of ethnography as a research tool in educational settings. This, too, has been employed since the 1920s. In fact, one of the more extensive early studies incorporating an enthnographic design for content reading was undertaken by McCallister. This review and reanalysis of his study aid in judging its value and accuracy.


In this paper, a dual-stator permanent-magnet Vernier linear machine is proposed, which is suitable for long-distance application. The stator is only a salient pole structure, while the PM and windings are all placed on the mover. So the cost can be greatly reduced when it is used in a long-distance application. The topology and the operation principle of the proposed machine are introduced. Due to the appropriate dual-side structure, the magnetic flux leakage of the proposed machine can be effectively reduced. Moreover, the magnetic fields produced by PM between the two stators are connected in series. This means that the utilization of magnetic field can be enhanced. Therefore, the thrust force density and power factor will be improved. Finally, the electromagnetic performances are analyzed for verification by using finite element method.


BERLIN-- With "brain gain" its goal, Germany9s scientific establishment is joining ranks to attract more foreign students and researchers. Last fall, the country9s premiere basic-research organization, the Max Planck Society, set up 10 graduate schools with universities.


Trends in saving fuel and energy resources in industry are discussed. The profitability of the specific action with allowance for technical and environmental effects in addition to economic reasons is considered most important. An adjusted methodology is developed to determine key indicators: net present value (NPV), profitability index (PI) and the payback period in the case of utilizing low-potential heat of flue gases of a boiler unit.


Glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) is known to be essential in the control of metabolic fuel homeostasis, though the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear.


Floor Coverers have a high prevalence of knee related injuries. The objective of this study is to quantify whole body ergonomics exposure for Floor Coverers in the greater Boston area. A total of 6213 observations (about 100 hours) were made on 49 Floor Coverers by 7 trained observers in 8 construction sites. Awkward leg postures were common. "Kneeling/Crawling" was observed 61.2% of the time. Non-neutral trunk postures were observed frequently. "Severe Flexion" was observed 36.6% of the time, "Mild Flexion" 12.9%. "Manual Material Handling" was observed most frequently during "Hardwood Floor" (36.1%). Hand tools were used more frequently (32.6%) than power tools (5.2%). "Severe Trunk Flexion" did not always lead to heavy trunk load with kneeling postures. Leg postures should be considered before trunk postures were converted to trunk loads. Awkward leg postures are a big problem for Floor Coverers. A majority of the tasks happened near or on the ground.


Three-dimensional (3-D) images are becoming increasingly popular in image applications, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), and other image applications. Observed 3-D images often contain noise that should be removed beforehand for improving the reliability of subsequent image analyses. In the literature, most existing image denoising methods are for 2-D images. Their direct extensions to 3-D cases generally cannot handle 3-D images efficiently, because the structure of 3-D images is often substantially more complicated than that of 2-D images. For instance, edge locations are surfaces in 3-D cases, which are much more challenging to handle, compared to edge curves in 2-D cases. In this article, we propose a novel 3-D image denoising procedure, based on nonparametric estimation of a 3-D jump surface from noisy data. One important feature of this method is its ability to preserve edges and major edge structures, such as intersections of two edge surfaces, pyramids, pointed corners, and so forth. Both theoretical arguments and numerical studies show that it works well in various applications. Software and proofs are available online as supplemental material.


The development status of certification work of non-polluted agricultural product,green food and organic food in Dongying City were introduced.The existing problems were analyzed,and the countermeasures were put forward,such as strengthen propaganda,strengthen certified contractors construction,improving authentication system,policy support,further strengthening supervision,so as to promote the development of certification work of agro-product supervision.


This standard operating procedure (SOP) defines the procedure for the disinfection of disposable tableware after patients with coronaviral infection (COVID-19), SOP is introduced into the practice of medical workers in the clinical departments of the hospital.


In the 19th century, French police officers were already the main providers of penal justice, playing a fundamental role in the construction of the judicial statistics compiled annually in the Office of Criminal Justice Administration. Under the Third Republic, they were sharply criticized on the basis of statistics showing an increase in criminal activities, which were supposed to demonstrate their incompetence. In response, police officers tried to regain institutional legitimacy and social utility by presenting statistics that were more to their advantage. As a result, improved productivity in law enforcement became a major element in the debate on security as well as a necessary part of the job of law enforcement. Judicial statistics also fueled the competition between police officers and gendarmes. Finally, the period saw a shift from a purely quantitative logic in the fight against crime to a more qualitative approach. From then on, what mattered was no longer providing figures but arriving at the right figures.


Constant exposure of financial institutions to different sorts of risk, and the complexity of the methods for their identification, assessment, monitoring, control and measuring, i.e., the process of integrated risk management has reached the highest level of business-expert thinking and decision making. The financial industry has, above all, developed the standard methods for managing and measuring market and credit risks, but the operational risk as well. However, it turned out to be a very important cause of financial losses (Di Renzo et al, 2007). Since the majority of financial bankruptcies stem from joint effects of market, credit and operational risks, risk management should be an integral part of corporate decision making through business activities and types of risks. Financial institutions are being exposed to the intensified global sources of risk, due to the expansion of their own business activities, interaction between different risk factors and the connection between products and services with different types of market, financial and operational risks (Wu & Olson, 2010). Among other risk types that come with the activities of the financial sector, the economy and other types of organising business, operational risk holds a special position. Its very nature to be expressed in the fluid form and its presence in all segments of business activities tell enough of its importance and the need to manage it efficiently. Throughout the history, operational risks were managed by internal control mechanisms within business units, supported by audit. Nowadays, the financial industry has begun to use special structures and control processes specially designed for operational risk. Accordingly, Basel Committee on Bank Supervision established the obligation that the coefficient (quotient) of regulatory capital should keep the level of at least 8% of its risk-weighted assets, i.e., 12% of the total capital requirement (Basel, 2003). Management Journal for Theory and Practice Management 2013/66


Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a critical regulator of the immune system and has been widely implicated in autoimmune disease. Here, we describe the discovery and characterization of olokizumab, a humanized antibody to IL-6. Data from structural biology, cell biology and primate pharmacology demonstrate the therapeutic potential of targeting IL-6 at "Site 3", blocking the interaction with the signaling co-receptor gp130.


A B S T R A C T In current paper, an organized and quantitative approach is proposed for selection of quality management systems. The proposed model of this paper first uses fuzzy analytic hierarchical process to rank different quality management systems. Since there are normally various constraints associated with the selection of quality management, we propose a 0-1 programming for selecting an optimal mix of quality management systems. We also use the proposed model of this paper for a real-world case study of research center in aerial industries and the results are discussed.


As public investment in archiving research data grows, there has been increasing attention to the longevity or sustainability of the data repositories that curate such data. While there have been many conceptual frameworks developed and case reports of individual archives and digital repositories, there have been few empirical studies of how such archives persist over time. In this paper, we draw upon organizational studies theories to approach the issue of sustainability from an organizational perspective, focusing specifically on the organizational histories of three social science data archives (SSDA): ICPSR, UKDA, and LIS. Using a framework of organizational resilience to understand how archives perceive crisis, respond to it, and learn from experience, this article reports on an empirical study of sustainability in these long-lived SSDAs. The study draws from archival documents and interviews to examine how sustainability can and should be conceptualized as on-going processes over time and not as a quality at a single moment. Implications for research and practice in data archive sustainability are discussed.


Differential cytokine gene expression profiles in the three pathological forms of sheep paratuberculosisDifferential cytokine gene expression profiles in the three pathological forms of sheep paratuberculosis' BMC Veterinary Research, vol 3, pp. 18. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact firstname.lastname@example.com providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract Background: Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gut caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Symptoms include wasting, diarrhoea, loss of condition and eventual death. Three forms of Johne's disease have been described in sheep – paucibacillary, multibacillary and asymptomatic. The paucibacillary form is characterized by an inflammatory, Th1-type immune response. The multibacillary form of the disease, which disseminates the infection, is characterized by macrophage infiltration mediated by a Th2-type immune response, and asymptomatic animals have no clinical symptoms or pathology but are infected with MAP. What determines these three forms of the disease is unknown. To further understand these differences, we used real-time RT-PCR to compare the expression of thirteen cytokine and cytokine-related genes in ileal tissue from sheep with the three forms of the disease.


The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) and its follow-up, the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM), were created in 2004 and 2008 to strengthen the prosperity, stability and security of all countries and avoid the emergence of new dividing lines between the EU and 16 neighbouring countries, including south Mediterranean countries (SMCs). Demographic factors in both EU and neighbouring countries will influence this goal. This report describes four population growth scenarios for SMCs, obtained using the MEDPRO economic-political development framework on how indicators of fertility, mortality and international migration might change if people in SMCs were to live in different macroeconomic and political contexts. Qualitative scenarios were then operationalized leading to four different quantitative scenarios using assumptions about possible trends in indicators of fertility, mortality and international migration. The paper concludes by reflecting on the results in light of recent political developments in the region.


This paper presents a multi‐scale framework for flood risk analysis from fluvial and coastal sources at broad (including national) scales. The framework combines an extreme value spatial model of fluvial and coastal flood hazards using the Heffernan and Tawn conditional dependence model, with a new Markov approach to representing the spatial variability of flood defences. The nested multi‐scale structure enables spatial and temporal dependence at a national scale to be combined with detailed local analysis of inundation and damage. By explicitly considering each stage of the process, potential uncertainties in the risk estimate are identified and can be communicated to end users to encourage informed decision making. The framework is demonstrated by application to an insurance portfolio of static caravan sites across the UK worth over £2bn. In the case study, the largest uncertainties are shown to derive from the spatial structure used in the statistical model and limited data on flood defences and receptor vulnerability.


Based on the analysis of connotation and request of regional industrialization,a combined index system with 5 classes and 55 indexes is set up.13 indexes are selected according to the factor analysis,and regional industrialization levels of 21 provinces are evaluated by SPSS.


Smart nanostructures have many practical application in nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) as sensor and actuator. Present research deals with the vibration and damping of advanced sandwich smart nanoshells. This nanostructure comprised of porous nanoshell coated by nanocomposite piezoelectric layers as sensor and actuator. The nanocompisite layers are reinforced by graphene platelets (GPLs) with various distributions based on Halpin-Tsai model. In order to presume this sandwich structure much more realistic, Kelvin model will be utilized and it is surrounded by visco-Pasternak foundation. Further, non-local surface piezoelasticity theory is employed for considering the small scale and surface effects. On the basis of zigzag shear-deformation theory and Hamilton principle, the motion equations are derived. Differential cubature method (DCM) is used as numerical method for calculating natural frequency and damping ratio. In order to validate the results, this paper is compared by another simplified cases and ABAQUS commercial software. Finally, the influences of porosity and its distribution, volume percent and distribution of GPLs, surface stresses, small scale parameter, and external voltage are shown on natural frequency and damping. The results show that the damping ratio and frequency of system considering surface effect with symmetric porosity distribution decrease and increases about 17% and 25% compared to the without surface effect case and asymmetric porosity respectively. In addition, the nanostructure in critically damped state can be turned into underdamped state by applying negative voltage. Furthermore, the dispersion of GPLs near the bottom and top surface of nanocomposite layers is the best choice due to high stiffness and frequency.


Eight Ceratocystis Ellis & Halst. species belonging to the Ceratocystis coerulescens complex are pathogens causing blue- stain on Pinaceae. Three of these species, namely C. polonica, C. laricicola, and C. fujiensis, are particularly aggressive and can cause tree mortality. Although currently absent from the North American landscape, they are considered a significant potential threat to the Canadian boreal forest. As they are difficult to distinguish from native North American species belonging to the C. coerulescens complex, we developed a real-time PCR detection test for each of the three species to detect the equivalent of one fungal spore directly from insect vectors. DNA from at least one species of the C. coerulescens complex was detected on 86% of the beetles (Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Ips cembrae (Heer, 1836)), whereas C. polonica DNA was detected on 60% of the I. typographus and C. laricicola DNA was detected on 84% of the I. cembrae. Between 20 and 344 225 spore equivalents were detected on the beetle specimens, and no inhibition effect of DNA extract from environmental samples was observed. These molecular detection tools will allow for rapid and reliable detection of C. polonica, C. laricicola ,o rC. fujiensis, allowing for a rapid implemen- tation of eradication measures in case of introduction into Canada. Resume : Huit especes de Ceratocystis Ellis & Halst. appartenant au complexe Ceratocystis coerulescens sont des agents phyto- pathogenes provoquant le bleuissement du bois chez les Pinaceae. Trois d'entre elles, C. polonica, C. laricicola et C. fujiensis, sont particulierement agressives et peuvent provoquer la mortalite chez les arbres. Bien qu'actuellement absentes du paysage nord-americain, elles sont considerees comme une menace potentielle importante pour la foret boreale canadienne. Etant difficiles adistinguer des especes indigenes appartenant au complexe C. coerulescens, nous avons developpe des tests de detection en PCR en temps reel permettant de detecter aussi peu qu'un equivalent de spores fongiques directement sur des insectes vecteurs. L'ADN d'au moins une espece du complexe C. coerulescens a ete detecte sur 86 % des coleopteres (Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) et Ips cembrae (Heer, 1836)), alors que l'ADN de C. polonica a ete detecte sur 60 % des I. typographus et celui de C. laricicola sur 84 % des I. cembrae. Entre 20 et 344 225 equivalents spores ont ete detectes sur les specimens de coleopteres et aucun effet d'inhibition de l'extrait d'ADN provenant d'echantillons environnementaux n'a ete decele. Ces outils de detection moleculaire permettront une detection rapide et fiable de ces agents pathogenes en cas d'introduction et la mise en place rapide de mesures d'eradication. Mots-cles : Ceratocystis, detection moleculaire, agents pathogenes forestiers exotiques, qPCR, Ips.


The article examines the doctrinal aspects of understanding cyber terrorism as an atypical manifestation (form) of traditional terrorism, actualized in the light of the intensive development and widespread dissemination of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the modern world. The conclusion is substantiated that cyber terrorism is a conceptually relevant concept, which is perceived either as a way of committing a terrorist act (truncated understanding), or as any terrorist crimes that are committed through the use of information and communication technologies (broad understanding). Analysis and generalization of scientific positions regarding the development of an optimal definition of cyber terrorism made it possible to define this phenomenon of social reality as the illegal use of information and communication technologies in relation to computer information, computer systems and networks in critical segments of the state and in the private sector, which create the danger of death of people, causing significant property damage or the onset of other socially dangerous consequences, with the aim of whipping up fear and tension, as well as influencing the authorities for political or other, inherent in the ideology of terrorism, motives.


It is now difficult to launch a takeover against a Board willing to use the powers granted by the Unocal court to discriminate among shareholders. A determined Board could, in the extreme, pay out all the corporation's assets and leave the acquirer holding a worthless empty shell. The Unocal victory over Mesa cost the Unocal shareholders $1.1, the amount by which the Mesa offer exceeded the $8.3 billion value of Unocal's victory. This loss is 26% of Unocal's pre-takeover value of $6.2 billion. As of October 11 Unocal's value had declined by another $754 million. The $2.1 billion net increase in value to Unocal shareholders during the battle resulted from Unocal's $4.2 billion debt issue which, contrary to assertions, benefits its shareholders. It does so by bonding Unocal to pay out a substantial fraction of its huge cash flows to shareholders rather than to reinvest them in low-return projects, and by reducing taxes on Unocal and its shareholders. For his services in generating this $2.1 billion gain for Unocal shareholders, T. Boone Pickens has been vilified in the press, and Mesa Partners II has incurred net losses, before taxes. In addition to Mesa's losses, shareholders of all Delaware corporations lose because the court's decision gives management a weapon so powerful it essentially guarantees that no Delaware corporation that uses it will be taken over by a tender offer.


Objective To compare the efficacy and acceptability of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and norethisterone for the treatment of idiopathic menorrhagia.


Aiming at the efficiency of water resources and hydropower engineering ecological flow bleeder measures,the ecological flow and bleeder information of 28 engineering projects which are constructed and under construction is systematically analyzed.The status and problems of current ecological flow bleeder of current water conservancy and hydropower project are analyzed and summarized from many aspects.The view that the combination of ecological flow bleeder and small-unit power station is the most effective measure to guarantee ecological flow bleeder in current stage is proposed.


Perchloroethylene (PCE) is an environmental pollutant and water contaminant. PCE biodegradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 occurred efficiently when PCE was supplied as a sole carbon source rather than with the co-substrate glucose. Fifty percent degradation of PCE was observed in 6.3 hr when PCE was the sole carbon source and 90 hr with glucose and PCE. The degradation intermediates, trichloroethylene and dichloroethylene, were detected as quantifiable amounts and vinyl chloride and ethylene were observed in a trace amounts. When PCE was used as the sole carbon source, rhamnolipid production was higher, which enhanced the degradation of PCE likely by reduction in surface tension and making it more readily available for degradation by P. aeruginosa


This thesis deals with deriving load models from laboratory measurements and studying the impact of tap-changers on both load and system characteristics. The laboratory measurements were carried out on various types of lighting, thermostat regulated radiators and refrigerators. The results show that lamps have no pronounced dynamic voltage dependence and that a large group of the tested lamps have an almost quadratic static voltage dependence in active power. Both fluorescent and mercury lamps have also a strong voltage dependence in reactive power. The bimetallic regulated radiators act as a constant impedance load during a time period of tens of seconds, but have a pronounced dynamic behaviour in a time range of minutes. Unexpectedly, the mean power was changed in an opposite direction to the voltage, i.e. when the voltage step was negative the mean power increased and vice versa, and the original mean power as it was prior to the disturbance was not regained. This effect is explained by two resistors in the bimetallic switch. The electronically regulated radiators also act as a constant impedance load during a time period of tens of seconds. The dynamic behaviour after a voltage step, in a time range of minutes, is a damped oscillation in mean power , where the prior mean power is regained. Refrigerators show no dynamic voltage dependence and active power has a static voltage dependence between constant current load and constant impedance load. Refrigerators have a poor power factor, are uncompensated, and the reactive power has a rather high voltage dependency. The studies on the impact of tap-changers on load and system characteristics are performed using load characteristics and the well-known up-curves. The studies are intended to elucidate the processes described (an increase in load and a decrease in feeding voltage) in an illustrative way.


The purpose of this study is to evaluate and develop the curriculum for English Education Departments in Korean universities. Most curricula offered by English Education Departments in Korea were revised to meet the educational needs for prospective teachers in 1990s. The time has come to check if past graduates of these English Education programs are satisfied with the education they received and to see if the programs have adequately satisfied their current needs as teachers. A survey of the curricula in 6 universities showed that 25% of the courses were English language proficiency-related, 5% were English language skills subjects, 24% were linguistics-related, 28% were literature courses and 18% dealt with English education. To compare the present curricula and the needs of the teachers, 87 secondary school teachers were asked to assess the relative need for the subjects selected from the 6 universities. The needs analysis of the 87 English teachers recommended the following distribution of courses: 22% related to English language proficiency, 22% English language skills subjects, 18% linguistics-related, 17% literature and 21% dealing with English education. The results show that the present curricula are still literature and linguistics centered and should be revised to meet teachers` needs. Furthermore, on the basis of this needs analysis, a new curriculum model is proposed for English education programs.


This study was aimed to analyse the effect of oral-estrogen conjugate on B-lymphocytes proliferation that is part of humoral immune system. Modulation of B-lymphocyte number and the germinal centre diameter in peyer's patches of adult female BALB/C mice ileum (age 2-3 months) were analysed by diastase PAS staining. A total of 40 mice were divided equally into 4 groups (Cerel-Suhl et al. 1999); the 3-weeks treated group and its control group (Prabowo 1997), the 6-weeks treated group and and its control group. Each treated group was given oral-estrogen conjugate emulsion (0,001625 mg/20 gram of bodyweight/days). Data were analysed using unpaired t-test with Levene test and Pearson correlation test, p<0.05 was considered significant. There was a significant difference on the germinal centre diameter of ileum peyer's patches between the 3-weeks treated group and its control group (p<0.05), whilst both B-lymphocyte number and germinal centre diameter of ileum peyer's patches in the 6-weeks treated were significantly different compared to those of its control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, oral-estrogen conjugate may modulate component of the immune system. Further studies are needed to seek the duration and clinical effect of these modulations on the overall immune system.


Objective To investigate the effect of Danlong Xingnao tablet(DLXNT) on ex-pression of AI,Fas/FasL and TNF-α after cerebral ischemic-reperfusion in hippocampus in rats.Methods The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was induced by middle cerebral artery oc-clusion(MCAO) and recanalization.The rats were randomly divided into four groups including sham-operation,control,DLXNT and nimodipine groups.The expression of AI,Fas/FasL,TNF-α in hippocampus were detected with TUNEL and immunohistochemistry.Results DLXNT could reduce obviously the injury of nervous cell;expression of Fas/FasL and TNF-α positive cells existed in sham-operation group,Fas/FasL and TNF-α were increased immediately after cerebral ischemic-reperfusion;compared with model group,the expressions of Fas/FasL and TNF-α were remarkably inhibited in DLXNT group(P0.01,P0.05).Conclusion The effect of DLXNT maybe inhibiting the expression of Fas/FasL and TNF-α induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in-jury.


We develop a force field for the interaction of molecularly and dissociatively adsorbed water with surfaces of TiO2 by modifying the potential proposed by Bandura and Kubicki (J. Phys. Chem.2003, 107, 11072). We test the force field by computing binding energies and conformations for molecular adsorption on the (101) and (112) surfaces of anatase and the (110) surface of rutile and dissociative adsorption on the bulk-terminated (001) surface of anatase and the (110) surface of rutile for various water surface coverages. These quantities exhibit good agreement with results from first-principles density functional theory and experiment. We use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to obtain density profiles and statistics of hydrogen bonding for water monolayers and bilayers adsorbed on anatase (101) and these results are in good agreement with ab initio MD. The potential is suitable for large-scale MD simulations of TiO2 in aqueous environments.


According to the actual running situations of the four 14 MW boilers and five heat-exchanging stations in Liaoning University of Petroleum Chemical Technology, the current common system adjusting and controlling solutions of medium or small-scale boilers and the design scheme of two networks of public water system and heat-exchanging stations were described. Its main contents focused on burning system, frequency conversion system of a blast fan, frequency conversion system of a draft fan, concatenation between the blast fan and draft fan, concatenation of water temperature of waterspout, concatenation of water pressure of waterspout, and frequency conversion system of circulation pumps and make-up pumps. The main bodies of the four boilers adopted DCS to control burning systems. They are adjusting blower, draught fan, grate equipment and coal feeder. The setting of the internal adjusting parameters in the expert controlling system of automatically burning of the boilers, the online adjusting of DCS, manual and automatic switching without disturbance, and on-the-spot setting of operation parameters of the automatically burning system were discussed.


B cell lymphomas' (BCL) current diagnosis is usually based on a combination of morphology, immunophenotype, recurrent cytogenetic aberration and clinical features. However, even with these diagnostic tools, a definitive diagnosis can be difficult to achieve. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the profile of CD39, CD43, CD81, and CD95 expressions in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cases.


Empirical work on the effects of flat grants on spending on local public goods has generated results that are inconsistent with the standard theory. We provide a framework that takes into account the institutional structure of some common local expenditure determination processes (e.g., referenda). Our approach provides testable hypotheses quite different from those of the standard theory and may be useful as a basis for further empirical analysis.


Correlation of players' actions may evolve in the common course of play of a repeated game with perfect monitoring ("online correlation"), and we study the concealment of such correlation from a boundedly rational player. We show that "strong" players, i.e., players whose strategic complexity is less stringently bounded, can orchestrate the online correlation of the actions of "weak" players, where this correlation is concealed from an opponent of "intermediate" strength. The feasibility of such "online concealed correlation" is reflected in the individually rational payoff of the opponent and in the equilibrium payoffs of the repeated game. This result enables the derivation of a folk theorem that characterizes the set of equilibrium payoffs in a class of repeated games with boundedly rational players and a mechanism designer who sends public signals. ∗This research was supported in part by Israeli Science Foundation grants 382/98 and 263/03, and by the Zvi Hermann Shapira Research Fund. Helpful discussions and comments by Elchanan Ben-Porath, Olivier Gossner, Penelope Hernandez, Rann Smorodinsky, and Eilon Solan are gratefully acknowledged. †Institute of Mathematics and Center for the Study of Rationality and Interactive Decision Theory, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel. firstname.lastname@example.com (G. Bavly), firstname.lastname@example.com, www.ratio.huji.ac.il/neyman (A. Neyman).


Frictionless atom cooling in harmonic traps is formulated as a time-optimal control problem and a synthesis of optimal controlled trajectories is obtained. This work has already been used to determine the minimum time for transition between two thermal states and to show the emergence of the third law of classical thermodynamics from quantum thermodynamics. It can also find application in the fast adiabatic-like expansion of Bose-Einstein condensates, with possible applications in atom interferometry. This paper is based on our recently published article in SIAM J. Control Optim. [1].


The low level red laser has been increasingly used for medical applications over the last decade. Despite the recorded positive effects of low level red laser in various medical treatments, the exact collagen—red light interaction mechanism still remains unknown. Hence, in this paper, thin collagen films were irradiated using red low power laser in order to investigate the effects of red light on collagen nanoscale features and mechanical properties. The results demonstrated that the red light did not induce statistically significant changes on nanoscale collagen topography features. The topography of the alternating sequence of overlapping and gap regions (D-band periodicity) and the surface roughness were not affected. However, significant changes on the mechanical properties of the collagen fibrils were recorded. In particular, the red light induced major changes in the mechanical heterogeneity of the fibrils due to the D-band periodicity. The above results provide new information about the red light-collagen interaction mechanism and are a step forward towards to the clarification of the impact of red light on collagen nanoscale features.


Freestanding electrodes are a promising way to increase the energy density of the batteries by decreasing the overall amount of electrochemically inactive materials. Freestanding antimony doped tin oxide (ATO)‐based hybrid materials have not been reported so far, although this material has demonstrated excellent performance in conventionally designed electrodes. Two different strategies, namely electrospinning and freeze‐casting, are explored for the fabrication of ATO‐based hybrid materials. It is shown that the electrospinning of ATO/carbon based electrodes from polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymer (PVP) solutions was not successful, as the resulting electrode material suffers from rapid degradation. However, freestanding reduced graphene oxide (rGO) containing ATO/C/rGO nanocomposites prepared via a freeze‐casting route demonstrates an impressive rate and cycling performance reaching 697 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 4 A g−1, which is 40 times higher as compared to SnO2/rGO and also exceeds the freestanding SnO2‐based composites reported so far. Antimony doping of the nanosized tin oxide phase and carbon coating are thereby shown to be essential factors for appealing electrochemical performance. Finally, the freestanding ATO/C/rGO anodes are combined with freestanding LiFe0.2Mn0.8PO4/rGO cathodes to obtain a full freestanding cell operating without metal current collector foils showing nonetheless an excellent cycling stability.


The adaptation of the engineering degrees to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) motivated strong changes in the teaching process in order to enhance the experimental learning. On the other hand, the widespread availability of laptops, cellphones and internet for students, which are nowadays used in their daily work to perform calculations of certain level and communicate, have made of these devices their main tools for the solution of problems and the exchange of information. Most of the Chemical Engineering laboratory courses are necessarily face-to-face due to their experimental nature. Until now, the students received some notes that they had to study before carrying out the experiments. Although they were useful, the system could be improved to enhance the learning level of the students in these experimental lessons. This contribution summarizes the adaptation and updating process of the Heat Transfer course currently taught on the 2nd year of BsC Chemical Engineering, University of Malaga, what has been performed by including the use of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) through different computer tools (Excel spreadsheets, Matlab routines) and the inclusion of images and animations.


As a province with developed economy and deficient resource,Zhejiang is urgent to develop circular economy,and cultivate new economic growth points to realize strategic transformation.This paper analyzed the developing status of circular economy in Zhejiang,and pointed out defects and countermeasures.The standardization should play an important role in circular economy development.


Based on properties of the noise module on the CMOS sensor,a new de-noise algorithm had been designed in accordance with temporal noise is difficult to be filtered clear by CDS.The principle of ACA is analyzed,and a new technique to implement ACA based on FPGA is presented.At last,the ACA is evaluated by performance comparisons.


Confronted with the sheer mass of records created by modern bureaucracies, archivists have employed sampling, both as a tool to determine the research potential of records and as an appraisal device. The term sampling as used in archival literature usually means either to cull from a large records series the most significant files or documents (subjective sampling) or to select statistically a small portion from a large universe that will accurately reflect all important aspects of the larger universe (statistical sampling). The former method has been employed for a generation and has been applied in those records series in which only the exceptional case is worthy of preservation. Statistical sampling, on the other hand, has been used to capture the typical cases in a series. The effectiveness of either method, and indeed the decision to sample itself, must always be rooted in the professional judgment of those archivists most familiar with the historical value of the materials they administer.


In this thesis,a waste heater boiler of a 110 ton convert copper-making was studied,by investigating the drum water level's dynamic character;the relationship of different disturbances was obtained.Because of the traditional three washes control can not do well in this system,according to the disturbances' relationship,an improved three washed control was put forward.In the improved control system,by composing of signals,the parameter is easier to calculate,and the system's robust character is developed.In the application,the drum water level,steam' temperature and flow are all fallen in well control,and the running benefit are improved.


In this paper the approach to automatic exam sheets evaluation is presented. In our task the exam is written on paper forms and scanned. The bitmaps are processed to extract the specific task area and then the task is evaluated with aid of image processing and analysis. In this work we present the algorithm for automatic evaluation of function plot. The algorithm has been verified against the set of 47 sheets. Simultaneously the works have been graded be a qualified teacher.


Background Drinking water is recognized as a source of lead (Pb) exposure. However, questions remain about the impact of chronic exposure to lead-contaminated water on internal dose. Objective Our goal was to estimate the relation between a cumulative water Pb exposure index (CWLEI) and blood Pb levels (BPb) in children 1–5 years of ages. Methods Between 10 September 2009 and 27 March 2010, individual characteristics and water consumption data were obtained from 298 children. Venous blood samples were collected (one per child) and a total of five 1-L samples of water per home were drawn from the kitchen tap. A second round of water collection was performed between 22 June 2011 and 6 September 2011 on a subsample of houses. Pb analyses used inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Multiple linear regressions were used to estimate the association between CWLEI and BPb. Results Each 1-unit increase in CWLEI multiplies the expected value of BPb by 1.10 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.15) after adjustment for confounders. Mean BPb was significantly higher in children in the upper third and fourth quartiles of CWLEI (0.7–1.9 and ≥ 1.9 μg/kg of body weight) compared with the first (< 0.2 μg/kg) after adjusting for confounders (19%; 95% CI: 0, 42% and 39%; 95% CI: 15, 67%, respectively). The trends analysis yielded a p-value < 0.0001 after adjusting for confounders suggesting a dose–response relationship between percentiles of CWLEI and BPb. Conclusions In children 1–5 years of age, BPb was significantly associated with water lead concentration with an increase starting at a cumulative lead exposure of ≥ 0.7 μg Pb/kg of body weight. In this age group, an increase of 1 μg/L in water lead would result in an increase of 35% of BPb after 150 days of exposure. Citation Ngueta G, Abdous B, Tardif R, St-Laurent J, Levallois P. 2016. Use of a cumulative exposure index to estimate the impact of tap water lead concentration on blood lead levels in 1- to 5-year-old children (Montreal, Canada). Environ Health Perspect 124:388–395; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409144


The invention discloses a method and device for upgrading a software database and equipment, and belongs to the field of computers. The method includes the steps of obtaining table structure information of a database table contained in a database of software of an old version, obtaining table structure information of a database table contained in a database of software of a new version, obtaining difference information between the software of the old version and the software of the new version according to the table structure information of the database table contained in the database of software of the old version and the table structure information of the database table contained in the database of software of the new version, and upgrading the database of the software of the old version according to the difference information. The device comprises a first obtaining module, a second obtaining module, a third obtaining module and an upgrading module. According to the method, the device and the equipment, a developer does not need to write an upgrading script corresponding to the database of the software of the newest version for a database of each historical version of the software, and therefore workloads of technical staff are reduced, labor cost is reduced, and intellectuality for upgrading the database of the software is improved.


In recent years, cloud computing has led to many new kinds of services. One of these popular services is cloud gaming, which provides the entire game experience to the users remotely from a server, but also other applications are provided in a similar manner. In this paper we focus on the option to render the application in the cloud, thereby delivering the graphical output of the application to the user as a video stream. In more general terms, an interactive media stream is set up over the network between the user's device and the cloud server. The main issue with this approach is situated at the network, that currently gives little guarantees on the quality of service in terms of parameters such as available bandwidth, latency or packet loss. However, for interactive media stream cases, the user is merely interested in the perceived quality, regardless of the underlaying network situation. In this paper, we present an adaptive control mechanism that optimizes the quality of experience for the use case of a race game, by trading off visual quality against frame rate in function of the available bandwidth. Practical experiments verify that QoE driven adaptation leads to improved user experience compared to systems solely taking network characteristics into account.


Executive Summary Two of the highest priorities for any governor are economic competitiveness and education. Governors in many states are increasingly seeing these two priorities as intertwined. As a result, many governors are developing new initiatives in science, technology, engineering, and math education in order to compete for high-skill, high-wage jobs. Too often, however, states' efforts to increase economic competitiveness and raise the skills of the workforce focus primarily on K12 education or workers with advanced degrees, leaving out vast numbers of Americans in the middle who are already in the workforce but lack a college degree or credential.


To the Editor: We appreciate the comments of Drs. Castagnola, Dallorso, and Haupt [1], concerning the effect of administration schedule on aminoglycoside-associated toxicity. At the time when the patients in our study were exposed to amikacin, thrice-daily dosing was the standard starting regimen in our medical center. In fact, since that time we have moved to once-daily dosing as a standard, based on meta-analyses demonstrating improvement in efficacy and nephrotoxicity, as stated in their letter [2,3]. These meta-analyses also demonstrated a non-significant trend toward improvement in ototoxicity. We concur that changing to once-daily aminoglycoside dosing is important for minimizing toxicity, and that future studies of aminoglycoside ototoxicity should focus on this new standard of care. Nevertheless, toxicity remains a concern for children with prolonged aminoglycoside exposure regardless of dosing regimen, and pediatric oncologists should be aware of the long-term toxicities of supportive care measures such as antibiotics.


Simulation results of laser beam quality in fiber amplifier show that the output laser beam quality of the tapered fiber is much better than that of the uniform fiber amplifier under the same conditions.


'Dickens was fascinated by dogs' (1). With this straightforward introductory sentence, Beryl Gray underlines the important role dogs played, both in the novelist's life and in his works, and points out that dogs will be at the very centre of her book. Much like his fellow Londoners, Dickens lived surrounded by animals. But when Gray introduces readers to Timber, Turk, Linda, Mrs Bouncer, Don, Bumble and Sultan, all presented in very individualized ways that highlight the specific relations th...


Adjuvant analgesia is becoming part of pain management, although many drugs used as adjuvant analgesics are not licensed for this indication.


During the assembly of the grinding rollers used for 5000t/d giant vertical mill,the accurate assembly of bearings in grinding rollers is core and difficult.In this paper,according to pratical manufacture conditions,a available assembly technology of bearings is provided for reference.


The dc voltage and frequency <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ (PVF)$</tex-math></inline-formula> or modified dc voltage and frequency <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ (PV^{2}F)$</tex-math></inline-formula> double droop control is commended for its ability to regulate both the dc voltage and the frequency in a decentralized approach. However, a convincing response is not achieved due to an interaction between the droop characteristics of dc voltage and frequency. This interaction affects the dc voltage and frequency support of the ac-system-surrounded multiterminal HVdc (AC-MTdc) grid. To overcome this effect, a Duo control strategy is proposed in this article, which takes advantage of a bipolar voltage-source converter topology in the MTdc grid. The virtue of the proposed control technique is emphasized by comparing it with the existing <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ PV^{2}F$</tex-math></inline-formula> double droop control along with three case studies and two test systems. The validation of the interactionless Duo control strategy is carried out on a five-terminal CIGRE dc grid benchmark model integrated into a two-area power system (AC-MTdc grid-1) and a New England IEEE 39-bus system (AC-MTdc grid-2). These test systems are simulated in PSCAD/EMTdc software.


Background Experiences during a stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), including pain, delirium, physical deterioration, and the critical illness itself, may all influence survivors' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, few studies have examined the influence of social support, comorbidity, and pain interference on ICU survivors' HRQOL. Objectives To investigate possible associations between social support, number of comorbidities, and pain interference on HRQOL in ICU survivors. Methods ICU survivors responded to a survey 3 months (n = 118) and 1 year (n = 89) after ICU discharge. HRQOL was measured using the Short Form Health Survey-12 (v1), social support using the revised Social Provision Scale, pain interference using the Brief Pain Inventory–Short Form, and comorbidities using the Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire. Results Physical and mental HRQOL were reduced at both 3 months and 1 year in ICU survivors compared with the general population. This reduction was more pronounced at 3 months for physical HRQOL, while a small reduction in mental HRQOL was not clinically relevant. Social support was statistical significantly positively associated with mental HRQOL at 3 months, while number of comorbidities was statistical significantly associated with a reduction in physical HRQOL at 3 months and 1 year and mental HRQOL at 1 year. Lastly pain interference was significantly associated with a reduction in physical HRQOL at 3 months and 1 year. Conclusions ICU survivors primarily report reduced physical HRQOL. Social support was positively associated with mental HRQOL, while number of comorbidities, and pain interference were all significantly associated with a reduction in HRQOL. Pain interference was associated with the largest reduction in HRQOL.


In 1835, two years after Oberlin College was founded, its leaders decided to accept students of all races. Negroes have attended since that year. The pre-Civil War period saw Oberlin a part of the anti-slavery movement as many faculty members, students and alumni played active roles. These activities have been thoroughly studied and anti-slavery incidents such as the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue have received due recognition.1 Little effort, however, has been spent learning about Oberlin College in relation to its black students after the war period. What was the post-emancipation situation in a college with a tradition of friendship for Negroes? As the nation moved away from reconstruction and reset barriers that Negroes could not cross, was the attitude to white people at Oberlin unaffected?


In this work, a comprehensive study of the rheological behavior under shear and isothermal and nonisothermal elongational flow of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) based nanocomposites was reported to evaluate their "filmability", that is, the ability of these material to be processed for film forming applications. The influence of two different kinds of organoclay - namely Cloisite 15A and Cloisite 30B - and their concentration was evaluated. The presence of filler clearly affects the rheological behavior in oscillatory state of polyolefin-based nanocomposites but the increase of complex viscosity and the shear thinning are not dramatic. A larger strain-hardening effect in isothermal elongational flow is shown by the nanocomposites compared to that of the pure matrix, particularly for EVA based nanocomposites. The melt strength measured under nonisothermal elongational flow increases in the presence of the nanofiller, while the drawability is only slightly lower than that measured for the neat matrix. Moreover, the rheological behavior under nonisothermal elongational flow of EVA-based nanocomposites is similar for both nanoclays used. Differently, LDPE-based nanocomposites show a strong dependence on the type of organoclay. Finally, the mechanical properties of the materials were measured by tensile tests. They revealed that the presence of the filler provokes, in all the cases, an increase of the rigidity.


Thank you for reading freedom of assembly. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen novels like this freedom of assembly, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious virus inside their laptop. freedom of assembly is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the freedom of assembly is universally compatible with any devices to read.


OBJECTIVE: To illustrate the use of quantitative MRI biomarkers in a series of cases from a subspecialty academic medical center practice of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. BACKGROUND: Patients with Alzheimer9s disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Posterior Cortical Atrophy, and other neurodegenerative diseases may present diagnostic challenges to the neurologist, especially early in their course or in atypical cases. Although a brain MRI scan is usually obtained in the evaluation of patients suspected of having these conditions, at present most clinical practices visually inspect these scans but do not routinely perform quantitative analyses to try to identify abnormalities of brain structure. DESIGN/METHODS: Employing publicly available software (FreeSurfer), we developed a method to apply this suite of software tools to MRI scans obtained in our clinical practice and produce quantitative reports of brain structure readable by clinicians, producing Z scores across the cerebral cortex and for specific subcortical brain structures which are used to identify abnormalities. We then compare the spatial patterns of abnormal brain structure to "disease signature" patterns from groups of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases. RESULTS: In many patients, the quantitative maps of cortical atrophy and other abnormalities in brain structure are consistent with known patterns of one of the neurodegenerative diseases. In some cases, abnormalities were subtle enough that they were not confidently identified from visual inspection of MRI scans but were readily detectable from quantitative analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the potential value of quantitative analysis of MRI scans in clinical practice as part of the diagnostic evaluation of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Further work is in progress to compare these findings with FDG-PET and to analyze MRI scans from patients with molecular markers of neuropathology. Supported by: Grants from the NINDS (R21 NS077059), the NIA (R01 AG0323065; P50-AG005134), and the Alzheimer9s Association. Disclosure: Dr. Dickerson has received personal compensation for activities with Pfizer Inc and En Vivo as a consultant. Dr. Domoto-Reilly has received research support from TauRX. Dr. Hollenbeck has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sapolsky has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brickhouse has nothing to disclose.


The present work emphasizes the study of disintegrant property of a superdisintegrant Sodium Starch Glycolate and a Croscarmellose sodium and the effect of their varying concentrations on disintegration time and drug release. FDT's were prepared using Eletriptan Hydrobromide as a model drug. 32 factorial design was used by which nine formulations were prepared using direct compression technique. The tablets were evaluated for drug content, friability, hardness, wetting time, water absorption ratio, in vitro disintegration time, and dissolution profile. It was observed that all the formulations were acceptable with reasonable limits of standard required for fast dissolving tablets. It was concluded that optimal concentration of Sodium starch glycolate as a superdisintegrant is 5.06% and Croscamellose sodium is 3.33% (F9), showing best DT and drug release.


Abstract One of the great obstacles to liberation and social change is the one-dimensional focus of many liberation movements. By "one-dimensional," we mean the narrow reductionist approach to social change by many oppressed groups. In this article, we examine Marcuse's notion of catalyst groups and connect that to the concept of intersectionality. We argue that critical theory must become a theory of intersectionality. While various forms of oppression have their own distinct logic of operation and specific target group, the continuation of each form of oppression is supported by other forms of oppression. One of the goals of this plenary was to help participants focus on the theme of the conference, critique and praxis, by envisioning new possibilities for theory, critique, praxis, and pedagogy in our time. To this end, we attempted to rethink Marcuse's notion of one-dimensional thinking by linking it with Rene Girard's concept of mimetic rivalry and the black feminist concept of intersectionality.