....................................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 6 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 11 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 12 CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................... 13 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 13 English as a Foreign/Second Language (EFL/ESL) Reading Strategies ...................... 14 Significance of the Study .............................................................................................. 16 Statement of the Problem .............................................................................................. 19 The Purpose of the Study .............................................................................................. 20 Variables of the Study ................................................................................................... 22 Research Questions ....................................................................................................... 22 Definition of Terms....................................................................................................... 24 Organization of the Study ............................................................................................. 27 CHAPTER TWO .............................................................................................................. 28 Literature Review.............................................................................................................. 28 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 28 Models of Reading ........................................................................................................ 29 The Interactive Model ................................................................................................... 38 Reading Strategies ........................................................................................................ 41 Reading Strategies Studies in Saudi Arabia .................................................................. 57 Self-Regulation ............................................................................................................. 62 Summary ....................................................................................................................... 65 CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................... 67 Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 67 Research Questions ....................................................................................................... 67 Research Design ............................................................................................................ 68 Operational Definition of the Variables ........................................................................ 69 The Setting of the Study ............................................................................................... 71 Teaching English Language in Saudi Arabia ................................................................ 72 9 Current Classroom Reading Practices in Saudi Arabia ................................................ 72 Instrumentation ............................................................................................................. 74 The Reading Comprehension Test ................................................................................ 81 Interview ....................................................................................................................... 81 Data Collection ............................................................................................................. 82 Data Analysis Procedures ............................................................................................. 86 CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................. 88 Results ............................................................................................................................... 88 Reliability of the Instrument ......................................................................................... 88 Validity of the Instrument ............................................................................................. 89 Descriptive Statistics for Factors .................................................................................. 90 Assumptions of Multiple Regression Analysis ............................................................. 92 Test for Normality, Linearity, Homoscedasticity, and Independence of Residuals ..... 95 First Research Question ................................................................................................ 98 Second Research Question .......................................................................................... 100 Third Research Question............................................................................................. 102 Additional Findings .................................................................................................... 105 Gender and Comprehension Level .............................................................................. 108 Gender and Reading Strategies ................................................................................... 109 Gender and Self-Regulation ........................................................................................ 110 Qualitative Data on Self-regulation ............................................................................ 111 Summary of Major Findings ....................................................................................... 112 CHAPTER FIVE ............................................................................................................ 115 Discussion, Conclusion, and Recommendations ............................................................ 115 Summary of the Study and Discussion of Findings .................................................... 115 Discussion of Additional Findings.............................................................................. 123 Implications for Reading Instruction in Saudi Arabia ................................................ 124 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 126 Limitations of the study .............................................................................................. 127 Recommendations for Further Study .......................................................................... 128 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 130 APPENDIX A: READING COMPREHENSION TEST ............................................... 147 APPENDIX B: MODEL ANSWERS ............................................................................. 150 APPENDIX C : A SAMPLE OF INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPTION ............................ 151 10 APPENDIX D : READING STRATEGIES QUESTIONNAIRE (RSQ) ...................... 155 APPENDIX E : A SAMPLE OF PERMISSION REQUEST LETTER ......................... 161 APPENDIX F : IRB APPROVAL .................................................................................. 162 APPENDIX G : SCREEPLOT ....................................................................................... 163 APPENDIX H: ROTATED COMPONENT MATRIX ................................................. 164 APPENDIX I : RESIDUAL STATISTICS (READING STRATEGIES TYPES) ........ 166 APPENDIX J : ITEMS DESCRIPTIVES ...................................................................... 167 APPENDIX K : SCATTER PLOT OF REGRESSION STANDARDIZED PREDICTED VALUES AGAINST REGRESSION STANDARDIZED RESIDUALS (SELFREGULATION FACETS).............................................................................................. 170 APPENDIX L : NORMAL P-P PLOT (SELF-REGULATION FACETS). ................. 171 APPENDIX M : RESIDUAL STATISTICS (SELF-REULATION FACETS) ............. 172 APPENDIX N : TOLERANCE AND VIF FOR REGRESSION FACTORS (SELFREGULATION) ............................................................................................................. 173


newer theory of value in the contemporaneous bimetallic controversy has caused to be consciously and definitely subjected to examination something which seems to have been generally either assumed or ignored, namely, the fundamental principle according to which the equality of values at different moments of time should be determined, it being assumed that just payment consists in such equality.* It is our purpose to examine briefly the various principles suggested, more particularly that growing out of the application of the newer theory of value to this question. The conclusions here presented were reached in an attempt to appraise the results of a discussion of this subject which appeared some time ago in the ANNALS of the American Academy In order to have a definiteness that debars misunderstand-


Effective non-native English teachers (NNETs) are essential to facilitate students to develop their English mastery. However, while students are directly affected by teachers' instructions, they have been limitedly involved in teacher education and development research. The current study aims to explore the qualities of effective non-native English teachers (NNETs) from students' perspectives in Tanjungpinang, Indonesia. This study was mixed-method research specifically an explanatory sequential design. In the quantitative phase, 380 students were selected using cluster sampling techniques. Meanwhile, in the qualitative phase, six students were purposely selected based on their English proficiency levels and gender. The instruments used were a questionnaire adapted from Park and Lee (2006) and an interview guide. To analyze the questionnaire data, descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were employed. MANOVA test was run to seek significant differences by students' gender and English proficiency levels. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were coded to identify the emerging patterns. The results show that the qualities concerning teachers' socio-affective skills gained the highest mean scores compared to those concerning teachers' subject matter knowledge and pedagogical skills. This study also confirms that there was a significant difference among students in perceiving effective NNETs by English proficiency levels. This study is expected to help various stakeholders to improve pre and in-service EFL teacher education and development in Indonesia.


The repairing quality for damaged airplane honeycomb components has a remarkable influence on the airpkne performance. In order to meet the needs of damaged airplane repairing, the damage characteristics of honeycomb components were analysed,the advantage and the shortcoming for different repairing methods were given , on the basis of that the bonding process and some points for attention were presented.


At present two methods are in general use for the detection and measurement of radioactivity. Particle counters can be used if the level of activity is not low compared to the background count from cosmic rays and natural radioactivity, and autoradiographic methods can be employed to measure the amount and localization of label. There is, however, an important class of problems for which these methods have not been very satisfactory. The work of LEVI 1 and that of FICQ et al. 2 with track autoradiographs demonstrate that it is possible to measure the activity in small cells which are visible in the microscope; however, the measurement of the amount of label in individual submicroscopic particles has not been accomplished. If the source of radioactivity is sufficiently small, as in the case of viruses and most bacteria, the objective of counting the emissions from single particles can be realized by the use of an electron-sensitive photographic emulsion. If a particle containing a fi-emitting isotope is imbedded in the nuclear emulsion, and the exposure time is adjusted so that several disintegrations occur before development, then one can observe a number of electron tracks, each consisting of rows of silver grains, emanating from a small region. These groups of tracks are called "s tars" (see Fig. I).


Wavefield tomography (AKA full waveform inversion) is a method of inverting geophysical field data that seeks to find a quantitative model of physical properties in the subsurface that can be used to generate synthetic data that match field data "wiggle-for-wiggle". It is most often applied to active-source seismic data, but it can also be applied to passive seismic data and to controlled-source electro-magnetic data. The method has significantly higher spatial resolution and fidelity than can be achieved using conventional imaging methods. The first practical methods were developed in 2D, mostly in the frequency domain. Here we report recent algorithmic developments which, coupled with hardware advances, make these methods tractable in three dimensions.


Teaching mathematical programs parallel to a traditional course is being introduced all over the world and MATLAB is the most popular program for that. Numerical analysis is useful course which can solve various practical problems and research with the combination of mathematics and computer. In this paper, the demonstrating systems of numerical integration problems are implemented based on MATLAB. The structure of the system and some specific algorithms are given, including Rectangular Rule, Trapezoidal Rule and Simpson's Rule. The main idea is to show basic principles and solutions to students that MATLAB could provide. They can extend knowledge gained from the MATLAB course on the other courses. This paper aims at teaching how to program the numerical integral with a step-by-step approach in transforming their algorithms to the most basic lines of code that can run on the computer efficiently and output the solution at the required degree of accuracy. In addition, this paper gives notes on the use of each of these MATLAB commands and programs through several Numerical examples.


We discuss the effects of a 3-D Metallo-Dielectric Photonic Crystal with both a metallic core and a metallic shell as basic elements. We discuss the formed cavity and the dielectric stack in a structured sphere.


Modal wavefront filtering is mandatory in nulling interferometers dedicated to detect extrasolar planets. Several activities have been initiated by ESA for developing single-mode waveguides for the mid-infrared. We present the development of fibres to be used for modal filtering within the European DARWIN mission and its scientific precursor GENIE: Chalcogenide fibres fit the wavelength range up to about 11 microns, while silver halide fibres can cover the full DARWIN wavelength range from 6.5 to 20 microns. A wide range of different manufacturing methods have been applied for producing step-index fibres. We also present the first results of manufacturing photonic crystal silver halide fibres. We tested the modal wavefront filtering capability of the fibres in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer fed by a CO2-laser. In addition we recorded the transverse output beam profile for each fibre. The results of both measurements are strong indicators for single-mode operation. We identified the critical issues experienced in the course of this manufacturing activity. The efficient removing of cladding modes and the required length of the fibres, commonly strongly underestimated, turned out as the keys for successful demonstration of singlemode behaviour. We found dedicated and compatible materials acting as mode stripper for both fibre materials used. We highlight the required steps for further improvement of the manufactured fibres and for a reasonable continuation of the fibre development activities for DARWIN.


The present invention is a) the step of polymerization by adding a polymerization catalyst containing an antimony compound to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG) based on antimony metal 150~250ppm; b) the step of solid state polymerizing a polymer obtained in step a); c) the step of melt spinning a solid state polymer obtained in step b); d) winding a melt spun filament as 1500m / min or more speed by taking steps to obtain non-drawn filament having 1.338g / cm And e) step d) by stretching the undrawn yarn obtained in step, intrinsic viscosity: 0.83 or more, strength: 8.3 g / d or more, carboxyl terminal group of 20 microequivalents / g or less, diethylene glycol of 1.2% or less of the polyester by weight It provides a process for producing a polyester multi-filament yarn for rubber reinforcement comprising the step of producing the yarn and thus the polyester multifilament yarns made by. As a rubber reinforcing material live polyester multifilament according to the present invention may be useful in the manufacture of a treated cord, such as tire cord. Rubber reinforcing material, a polyester multifilament yarn, a polymerization catalyst, an antimony compound


The use of Raman spectroscopy for reaction monitoring has been successfully applied over the past few decades. One complication in such usage is the applicability for quantitative reaction studies. This analytical problem is intrinsic to any reaction system, and is part of the larger transinformation necessary to bridge qualitative Raman spectroscopic information through multivariate calibration approaches. Another compounding issue is the presence of unknown component spectra that are encountered when investigating novel reactions, which is often fraught with either a lack of understanding of reaction stoichiometries/mechanisms, or inability to isolate reaction intermediates or products for obtaining their Raman spectra. To overcome these analytical challenges, three numerical approaches are tested using the model styrene–butyl acrylate co-polymerization reaction. They are partial least squares regression (PLSR), a novel minimisation of mixture spectrum residuals (MMSR) algorithm, and the first ever attempt at combining band-target entropy minimisation curve resolution with multilinear regression (BTEM-MLR). Multivariate calibrations are performed using inline Raman spectra from co-polymerization monitored with offline NMR to estimate the concentration of monomers without the need for additional information on reaction intermediates or products. All three multivariate calibration approaches produce comparable success. The specific calibration dataset utilized and relative Raman molar intensities of chemical species directly impact the quality of calibration. Furthermore, both MMSR and BTEM yield additional spectral reconstruction of the unknown co-polymer Raman spectrum.


Using the definitions of δ ‐ and δ ′‐shocks for some systems of conservation laws, the corresponding Rankine–Hugoniot conditions are derived. We also derive the balance laws describing area, volume, mass and momentum transportation between the area outside the wave front and the wave front. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


: Now a day the management is every sector in the world follows either individualistic or collectivistic culture in the association/organization based upon the management method adopted by the association/ organization. In Individualistic culture the different prioritize their own personal deeds and liberty .Management pay more attention for available the opportunities, in instruction to improve and fulfill their ambitions. In this situation individuals are encouraged by self-interest and self-sufficiency, and are disinclined to contribute in group action unless their efforts are accepted. A comparative study of different paradigms management style in India, USA, Japan and China indicated that in all four countries, quality practices were considered to be important. Management performs association and its mainly based on the different styles exist in Dis-similar culture, may be they are effective now but may not be in the future applicable, for the reason that they perform are not unique or not universal or not without any critics .We have observed in the recent preceding the introduction of various management theories and management styles.


According to JJG908-1996 verification regulation of slip plate type automobile side slip tester and JJF1059-1999 evaluation and expression of uncertainty in measurement,this paper evaluated measurement uncertainty on test results of indication error of automobile side slip tester of slip plate type.It expatiated the effect of every component in the testing process to the measurement results and calculated expanded uncertainty on measurement results.


In 1687 Cardinal Carlo Barberini held a banquet at Palazzo Alle Quattro Fontane in honour of the British diplomatic delegation in Rome led by Roger Palmer, Earl of Castlemaine. Through the examination of commemorative texts, this essay investigates how the display of art served both as diplomatic tool and mean of (self)-celebration during a significant phase in the relations between the Holy See and King James II of England.


Ftheta Lens, whose image height is proportional to its field view angle, is one of the most important parts in Laser Scanning Unit(LSU). In this paper lens design, mold production and modification method of lens design and mold are introduced. Lens design was carried out with Zemax and Special Toric surfaces were applied for lens surfaces to minimize distortion both in main and sub scanning directions. And a high precision machine with 1nm resolution was used to fabricate lens mold cores. After injection the lens was evaluated and the difference from design was examined. This difference was compensated by modifying lens design and new lens mold cores were made according to modified lens design to obtain the quality of original design.


The laser-induced current carrier generation and transport under large biasing voltages in photoconductive materials located in electrode gap region of photoconductive antennas is a complex process involving many different phenomena that interact with each other in intricate ways. Given the large biasing voltages employed, a simple model that assumes that the carriers travel along the biasing field lines allows to retain the basic features of the photocarrier generation process. The model is presented in detail and results for a typical interdigitated electrode are shown to well agree with measures found in the literature.


This paper provides a mechanism to deal with static/dynamic information in a web-based Multi-Modal Interaction (MMI) system. The static/dynamic information in this paper includes user preference, user's facial expression, environmental information, and so on. By employing these properties, the MMI system can make interaction natural based on context or situation. To consolidate these properties we have designed and developed a static/dynamic information manager on our MMI system. The manager provides two types of interfaces to access the information: pull type interface and push type interface. Each module in the MMI system can receive the information through either of interfaces as the need arises. We prototyped a user navigation system that employs user's facial expression and GPS information as static/dynamic information. The evaluation test showed that the manager makes it easy to handle static/dynamic information when designing MMI systems. We clarified the characteristics of static/dynamic information manager by comparing with other researches and techniques.


Rotary displacement positioning apparatus according to the present invention, a rotatable table ever installed; An arm fixed to one side of the table; The arms and the coupling slider along the rotational radial direction ever be movable relative in the table; To the translational motion of the slider and can slide the arm for rotating the table, the driving unit for linearly moving the slider; may be characterized in that it comprises a. With the rotational displacement positioning apparatus according to the present invention, an improved structure to fine tune the rotational displacement of the table nanometers thereby it may be more structural miniaturization, the light weight than, responsiveness, and that accuracy can be improved there is an advantage.


Dynamic on/off switching is a key Rel-12 feature of small cell enhancements for energy saving. When in "offmode", the small cell needs to transmit a Discovery Reference Signal (Discovery-RS) periodically to notify its existence. In legacy sense, Discovery-RS consists of multiple signals, and Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) could be involved to establish coarse time synchronization for User Equipment (UE). However in the future synchronized network, the legacy coarse time synchronization procedure for UE through PSS may be no longer needed, then we can propose a compact Discovery-RS structure that consists of only one signal to significantly reduce system overhead of radio-interface resource, as well as the interference between cells. A thoroughly preceding research and algorithm demonstration were then presented to analyze the feasibility of this approach. Theoretical analysis and computer simulation results show that this approach is practicable in the future synchronized network.


In this paper a method has been developed to extend the use of the well-known expression of Clausius-Mosotti for inhomogeneous materials, considering their anisotropy through a series expansion based on the structural factor of nonsphericity. This is related to experimental results available from the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of a set of samples of low-density polyethylene films, where such phenomena are observed. Here results are obtained which are valid for the microscopic optical response, as it is shown by the linear fitting of these general expressions, with excellent correlation coefficients. Furthermore, if we apply the Bergman-Milton limits, we can theoretically confirm the existence of two neutral lines experimentally obtained.


PURPOSE: To extract org. contaminants from contaminated soil without further contaminating the soil with an org. solvent by including a step to mix the contaminated soil with aq. solutions of cyclodextrins or these derivatives. CONSTITUTION: Org. contaminants are extracted from contaminated soil without further contaminating the soil with an org. solvent by including a step to mix the contaminated soil with aq. solutions of cyclodextrins or these derivatives. Further. biological availability of contaminants against microorganisms which can decompose contaminants may be increased by using the aq. solutions of cyclodextrins or these derivatives. Thereby, desorption of org. contaminants from the soil is accelerated. Further, a biological decomposing property in the soil is improved.


During the COVID-19 pandemic, platforms that support remote working and distance education have gained great importance. Video conferencing features became crucial. In these platforms, it is possible to hold meetings and do collaborations without having to go to a physical milieu. These platforms include various features such as online meetings, group conferences, file sharing, and office integration. Systems such as Google Classroom and Microsoft Teams, which include both a learning management system and a video conference application in distance education, have gained equal importance. Video conference applications have become important tools for students to feel themselves in a social environment, as they were isolated at homes for a long time due to pandemic. In this chapter, features of integrated systems in distance education will be investigated with related literature, and the popular integrated systems will be introduced and compared.


Object detection for a non-static (Panning and Tilting) camera has been the centre of interests of various applications. In this paper, we present a novel real-time object detection approach that can efficiently handle the problem of a moving camera that performs panning and tilting motions to incorporate a wide field of view for more security and a wider angle of view. We present a set of possible solutions where the optimal is implemented on an embedded Texas Instrument DM6437 DSP platform which is suitable for video processing. In the presence of a non-static camera, classical object detection algorithms cannot be used. Therefore our idea consists of two main stages: The first stage attempts to align the two successive frames of the video by using a method based on 2D -correlation (Sum of absolutes differences (SAD)); the second stage involves one of the classical background subtraction algorithms. The system was successively simulated in Matlab environment and then implemented in DSP platform.


Effective conservation of endangered species requires a solid understanding of the demographic causes of population change. Bird populations breeding on agricultural grasslands have declined because their preferred habitat of herb-rich meadows has been replaced by grassland monocultures. The timing of agricultural activities in these monocultural grasslands is critical, as they often coincide with the nesting phase of breeding birds. Here, we aim to identify the effect of habitat management and targeted nest protection on nest survival of Black-tailed Godwits Limosa limosa in the Netherlands, a population that has shown a 70% reduction in breeding population size since the 1970s. To protect nests in monocultures from destruction, farmers are paid to either delay mowing or leave a patch of unmown grass around the nest, a patch which in practice varied in size. In herb-rich meadows, which are typically managed for bird conservation purposes, mowing occurs after hatching. Nest survival declined as the season advanced, more steeply on monocultures than on meadows. Targeted nest protection was only partially successful, as nest predation was considerably higher on mown grassland monocultures with small unmown patches around the nest than in mown monocultures with large unmown patches and in unmown fields. Increased predator densities over the years have been suggested as an important cause of the trend towards lower nest survival, but here we show that nest survival was higher on herb-rich meadows than on monocultures, and similar to the 1980s. It thus seems that increased predator densities are an increased threat during the egg stage only if habitat quality is low. High-quality habitat in the form of herb-rich meadows therefore provides a degree of protection against predators.


The advantages of using self-compacting concrete (SCC) are reducing the time of construction and the number of employments, reducing noise that can disturb the surrounding environment, and increasing the density of hardened concrete structural elements, automatically affecting bond strength reinforcement in SCC. The bond strength is a parameter as an essential factor affecting the behavior of reinforced concrete. In this manuscript, the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model was built to predict the bond strength in SCC. For showing the performance of the ANFIS model, the level of accuracy-based correlation coefficient (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were determined. Learning process data consists of input and output. The input in this study includes compressive strength of concrete (f'c), the diameter of steel reinforcement (db), and development of length (Ld), while the output bond strength ( ). The results of the proposed model were in good agreement with the experimental results, as evidenced by an R2 of 0.71 and an RMSE of 3.31 MPa in the testing data, indicating that the proposed ANFIS model is capable of accurately predicting steel reinforcement bond strength in SCC.


In the modified bootstrap percolation model, sites in the cube
{1,...,L}d are initially declared active independently with
probability p. At subsequent steps, an inactive site becomes active
if it has at least one active nearest neighbour in each of the d
dimensions, while an active site remains active forever. We study the
probability that the entire cube is eventually active. For all d ≥ 2
we prove that as L -> ∞ and p -> 0 simultaneously, this
probability converges to 1 if L ≥ exp...exp [(λ+e)/p], and
converges to 0 if L ≤ exp...exp [(λ-e)/p], for any e
> 0. Here the exponential function is iterated d-1 times, and the
threshold λ equals π2/6 for all d.


The positive steps taken since the beginning of the 2000s have brought Kazakhstan's economy ahead of its peers. Making this economic growth sustainable depends on the correct determination of the interaction between economic instruments. Therefore, we aim to determine the relationship between the returns of oil and energy companies traded on the Kazakhstan Stock Exchange (KASE) and the returns of the KASE index, exchange rate, and selected international energy indices. The data were analyzed using the VAR method. Our analysis showed that the two-period lagged value of the KZTO variable, the one-period lagged return of the KASE index in the KZAP variable, the two-period lagged return of the dollar exchange rate and the two-period lagged return of the KZAP in the KEGC variable have positive effects. On the other hand, one-period lagged return of the FTSE CNBC Asia 100 Oil & Gas index, one-period, and two-period lagged return of the ruble return, and one-period lagged return of the Dow Jones Islamic Markets Oil & Gas index were found to have negative effects.


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just as easily by the rapid passage from a very cold, or damp atmosphere, to one where the temperature is excessively dry or elevated, as by the sudden change from the latter conditions to those first mentioned. We should be careful therefore to coun sel nurses— 1st. Not to keep the nursery at a too high temperature, and always to have a basin, pitcher, oi' bucket full of fresh, pure water, w'ith the surface exposed to the air contained in the room. 2d. Not to allow children to approach a fire-place or register immediately upon entering or leaving the house. 3d. Not to keep extra wraps on their little charges, when at home, a moment longer than is absolutely essential. Practical attention to the preceding rules, and also to what we have written with respect to cold bathing, care of the feet, etc., as prophylactic measures of hypertonsillar growth, will be found, we are firmly convinced, of unquestionable utility.


Cryptococcosis was diagnosed in an immunosuppressed patient. Topical treatment was ineffective and treatment with oral itraconazole was started. The lesion improved. Liver enzymes were monitored and, although their levels were raised before the start of itraconazole therapy, they did not increase further during treatment.


This paper presents some numerical parametric studies of the multi-row interaction mechanisms for a one and half stage (NGV-rotor-stator) transonic turbine. Firstly both steady and unsteady flows under the nominal operating condition for this turbine have been validated against the experimental data available. The sub-harmonic interaction induced by the two fundamental passing frequencies from the upstream and downstream vanes has been identified in the rotor row. But more significant is an aperiodic unsteady flow pattern characterized by variable amplitudes and inter-blade phase angles in the downstream stator row. Although the time-averaged blade forces only vary by about 5%, the maximum unsteady force can be changed by factor of three among stator blades. The parametric studies have revealed a strong dependence of the aperiodic flow behavior on blade count ratio between the NGV and the stator. The spatial mode of the unsteadiness amplitude variation is shown to correspond exactly to the spatial wavelength due to the NGV-stator interference. The longer the spatial NGV-stator interference wavelength, the larger the aperiodic unsteady loading variation. Given that the spatial mode amplifies the unsteady loading aperiodically on the stator, the present results suggest that the choice of stator-stator relative blade counts may be used to limit the maximum unsteady force on the downstream stator.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


Although psychoanalytic criticism once enjoyed a large following, it has been out of favor for so many years that today many mainstream literary critics have only a vague idea about what psychoanalytic critics actually do. Once, for example, after I told a colleague about my interest in this type of criticism, he disdainfully replied, "Oh, isn't that based on the idea of penis envy?" He looked a bit incredulous when I said that what most psychoanalytic critics are primarily interested in are the workings of the unconscious mind. It soon became apparent that my colleague based his prejudice against psychoanalytic criticism on a superficial reading of a few passages from Freud. In this regard, however, he is certainly not alone. Despite the fact that psychoanalytic criticism has been around for over threequarters of a century, it is as unfamiliar to many contemporary literary critics as the most recent ideas on deconstructionism. This situation helps explain why Joseph H. Smith and William Kerrigan decided to call their book Opening Texts: Psychoanalysis and the Culture of the Child. It would be more accurate, though, to use the word "reopening" in the title. The seven contributors to this book all engage in psychoanalytically informed criticism, but make diverse use of psychoanalytic theory. Some essays have psychoanalytic implications but contain no direct references to psychoanalysis per se. Others draw on the work of contemporary theorists such as Erik Erikson, Bruno Bettelheim, Alice Miller, and Jessica Benjamin. The founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, is hardly mentioned by any of the contributors. Taken as a group, the essays provide ample evidence that psychoanalytic criticism need not be narrowly dogmatic. Diverse in approach and content as they are, a unifying theme runs through all of them. In one way or another, all deal with the underlying and generally unstated generational tensions between children and adults. "Some Representations of Childhood in Wordsworth's Poetry" by Steven Marcus, for example, focuses on three of Wordsworth's po-


The minaret is an architectural "authentic" feature, which appeared as a landmark of Islamic cities. It used to be the place where the call to prayer is sent out, "Al Athan". However, maintaining using the same old-traditional language in designing and formulating the minaret, in a way that diminishes its visual power and eliminates it from the urban context by ignoring contemporary technological advances and capacities, has created an urgent need for reconsideration in minaret design. Hence, this research presents the important role of minaret as a distinct element of Islamic heritage and tries to redefine it in a modern perspective. This research defines its framework in three-dimensional aspects: form, function and content. This study attempts to determine the feasibility and applicability of contemporary implementations by reviewing and analysing a number of modern architectural projects and highlighting the challenges and difficulties facing the moderate application and new thinking in minaret element design. The research finds that contemporary technology and modern construction methods have offered various possibilities, forms and materials that could benefit and re-introduce the minaret as an element of the modern urban fabric too. Moreover, the role of the minaret could be activated in an unconventional way, which allows it to integrate and interact with its surrounding space rather than remaining a symbol from the past. In addition, this paper suggests the possibility of using the minaret element to achieve green objectives as an air trap, power generator and source of natural lighting.


Control of Blood Pressure Determinants of Blood Pressure Systolic Blood Pressure Diastolic Blood Pressure Pulse Pressure Mean Arterial Pressure Mechanisms of Blood Pressure Regulation Short-Term Regulation Long-Term Regulation Hypertension Essential Hypertension Mechanisms of Blood Pressure Elevation Contributing Factors Manifestations Diagnosis and Treatment Systolic Hypertension Secondary Hypertension Renal Hypertension Disorders of Adrenocorticosteroid Hormones Pheochromocytoma Coarctation of the Aorta Malignant Hypertension Hypertension During Pregnancy Classification Diagnosis and Treatment Hypertension in Children Diagnosis and Treatment Hypertension in the Elderly Diagnosis and Treatment Orthostatic Hypotension Classification Causes Reduced Blood Volume Drug-Induced Hypotension Aging Bed Rest Disorders of Autonomic Nervous System Function Diagnosis and Treatment


Dynamical solvation data recently obtained with the probe solute coumarin 153 are used to test the reliability of dielectric continuum models for estimating dielectric friction effects. In particular, the predictions of the Nee–Zwanzig theory of rotational dielectric friction are examined in some detail. The analysis undertaken here uncovers an error made in virtually all previous applications of the Nee–Zwanzig formalism. The error involves neglect of the solvent's electronic polarizability when calculating dielectric friction constants. In highly polar solvents the effect of this neglect is shown to be minor, so that the results of past studies should not be appreciably altered. However, in weakly polar and especially in nondipolar solvents, the proper inclusion of electronic polarizability terms is essential. The equivalence between the Nee–Zwanzig theory of dielectric friction and more general continuum treatments of polar solvation dynamics is also demonstrated. This equivalence enables the use of so...


Foreword 1 An introduction to better latrine building 2 Common types of latrine 3 Design and construction 4 Common latrine building problems and solutions 5 SanPlat making 6 Moulds for SanPlat making 7 ' Slab casting with integrated SanPlats 8 Handcarts 9 How to implement a latrine building programme 10 Promotion and hygiene education 11 How to work with people 12 Planning, monitoring and evaluation Appendix 1 Latrine design Appendix 2 Casting the small SanPlat using the all-in-one plastic mould Appendix 3 Forms for sanitation programme management Bibliography


This study outlines a novel thermal extrusion system and methodologies for evaluating the potential to manufacture carbon fiber directly from thermoplastic coals. It is envisioned that the intermediate product will be further refined by spinning down to commercial fiber sizes and thermal annealing. Commercial melt spinning is used for manufacturing carbon fibers from pitch-based feed materials, and a similar approach for plasticized coal is likely to be a lower risk option. However, the critical aspect of using coal for this purpose is its behavior inside a higher pressure extrusion unit and the need to characterize its rheology. This work has evaluated the thermoplastic development needed for extrusion of a single coking coal in terms of the heating rate and residence time and characterized the extruded fiber product. It was observed that the coal underwent a preliminary softening phase prior to extruding at significant speed. This phase appeared necessary to develop the critical viscosity for extrusion ...


A cross-section of sunflower genotypes grown in Australia including commercial cultivars (Suncross 40R, Hysun 33, Hysun 45CQ, Advance, DK3873), breeding lines (Sunfola, S37- 388, PhRR3, HA-R2, MC29, MC69, S37-388RR), wild sunflower varieties (H. annuus, H. argophyllus), a distantly related species (Tithonia diversifolia), and a hexaploid/diploid cross (H. tuberosus L.x H. annuus L.) were assessed for genetic diversity using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis. A considerable amount of polymorphism was revealed. Of the total of 158 markers amplified, 133 were polymorphic for at least one pair-wise comparison within the 16 genotypes. Overall, 33% dissimilarity was detected, with an average of 27% dissimilarity revealed among the hybrids and breeding lines, which exhibited 38% dissimilarity to the wild varieties H. annuus and H. tuberosus, and 51% dissimilarity to Tithonia and H. tuberosus x H, annuus. PCR of the 5S ribosomal RNA gene spacer region did not reveal any polymorphisms among the cultivated and breeding lines, but did distinguish between H. tuberosus and the other wild species. This survey of a selection of sunflower genotypes indicates that the genetic base of domesticated sunflower may be quite wide. These results suggest that RAPD methodology will provide an efficient tool for the analysis of the sunflower genome, in particular in breeding programs.


We created a Virtual Reality "farmers' market" lesson as a case study for teaching the use of thematic (in this case English) vocabulary in an interactive context following the Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) framework. 1 There are numerous definitions of what TBLT is, but a consistency across all is that this framework is student-centered, meaningful to everyday life, and has an outcome. Virtual Reality lends itself well to TBLT because students are able to use an infinite range of real-life contexts to support the way they develop their speaking and listening skills. As highlighted by Nunan, "target tasks refer to the uses of the language in the world beyond the classroom; pedagogical tasks are those that occur in the classroom." 2 The objective for this VR task is to provide students with an opportunity individually, in a group of students, or with a teacher to work their way through a series of pre-tasks using typical food items in a farmer's market, leading up to a final task itself where they are required - in either immersive or non-immersive virtual reality - to purchase items from a virtual market stall. Using the TBLT framework, we structured the lesson to answer our three major


was struck by the elegance and expressiveness of the algebras presented in the lectures and literature. When I was looking for a master project two years later, Bas Luttik suggested among other possibilities to follow up on his work with Luca Aceto et al. [2] to fill a gap in the axiomatisations of the CCS process algebra. Almost immediately I accepted the challenge to find a complete, finite axiomatisation for CCS that would add restriction. After a two month research period, I started to work on a paper on which this thesis is based. Most of all, I want to thank my project supervisor, Bas Luttik for his extensive, quick feedback and guidance during this project. His experience with the problem without restriction helped me to understand the related literature and led me to full understanding of the current problems and possible solutions. I also would like to thank Jos Baeten for his inspiring lectures, comprehensive and clear literature, and stimulating enthusiasm for this project. Furthermore, I'd like to thank Luca Aceto, who co-authored the paper on which most of the work in this thesis is based, for his comments on an early version of the thesis. Finally, I want to thank the members of the department of Mathematics and Computers Science and of course my friends and parents for their support in diverse ways. Summary This thesis investigates the equational theory of CCS modulo bisimulation. In earlier work equational bases are given for fragments of CCS with parallelism but without restriction. Restriction is essential for the specification of parallel processes. Although it has been a part of the common process algebras, it has never been fully axiomatised. The goal of this thesis is to determine if the result of earlier work can be generalised to a theory with restriction. First we discuss a simple fragment of CCS that does not have any form of parallelism. We establish a finite, complete axiomatisation and prove its completeness. Then a more contrived variant with parallelism is considered using the left merge and communication merge from ACP. This variant only considers interleaving of actions. We establish an extension of the previous axiomatisation for which we prove completeness and partial soundness. The third variant adds communication. For this variant we only investigate the problems involved with proving the completeness of a proposed equational base. We are not yet able to present a complete solution. …


We investigate the Martin boundary of some branching processes, namely Feller's continuous-state branching process, the critical continuous-time Galton-Watson process and the Yule process. The Martin boundary provides an integral representation of the non-negative spacetime harmonic functions of these processes.


Abstract In seeking continuities and disjuncture from the precedents of past authorities, the Mesoamerican emergent ruling class during the Formative period were active agents in directing changes to monumental space, suggesting that memory played a vital role in developing an early shared character of Maya lifeways (1000 b.c. to a.d. 250). The trend is most visible in the civic ceremonial complexes known as E Groups, which tend to show significant patterns of continuity (remembering) and disjuncture (forgetting). This article uses the northern lowland site of Yaxuná in Yucatan, Mexico, to demonstrate the use of early selective strategies to direct collective memory. While there are E Groups in the northern Maya lowlands, few Formative period examples are known, making Yaxuná a critical case study for comparative assessment with the southern lowlands. One implication of the Yaxuná data is that the broader pattern of Middle Formative E Groups resulted from sustained social, religious, political, and economic interaction between diverse peer groups across eastern Mesoamerica. With the emergence of institutionalized rulership in the Maya lowlands during the Late Formative, local authorities played a significant role in directing transformations of E Groups, selectively influencing their meanings and increasingly independent trajectories through continuity and disjuncture.


A computationally efficient bit-error rate (BER) expression for a fast frequency-hopped binary frequency shift-keying (FFH/BFSK) spread-spectrum (SS) communication system is derived based on Taylor-series expansion. The FFH system employs a soft-decision self-normalizing receiver against the worst-case multitone jamming (MTJ) and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The analytical BER performance of the self-normalizing receiver, validated by the simulation results, is shown to be significantly better than that of the soft-decision linear-combining receiver under the conditions of the worst-case MTJ and AWGN.


The shiftability of manual transmissions is known to be strongly affected by the nature of the transmission oil. When conventional sulphur—phosphorus (SP) additives are used in the oil, gear clashing, sticking, and other problems occur. As reported previously, these problems are caused mainly by the polysulphide used in the SP additives. This paper reports on a study of the effect of the structure of the polysulphide's hydrocarbon chain on the synchromesh characteristics. It is found that polysulphides with long hydrocarbon chains have high kinematic friction coefficients and low static friction coefficients. It is also shown that this phenomenon occurs because of the adsorption of the polysulphide on to the copper alloy of which the gear synchroniser ring is made. By using a polysulphide with a long hydrocarbon chain it is possible to develop transmission oils that have superior load‐carrying capacity and better shiftability even when compared with the latest transmission oils that contain metallic detergents.


Detailed descriptions of the uncertainties in measurement s of the effective minor radius, electron density and the diamagnetic energy content together wi th the uncertainty of the estimated absorbed power are presented for LHD and CHS. Data entries of both devices to the International Stellarator Confinement Database [ISCDB] are exam ined to study the impact of uncertainties on scaling expressions of the energy confinemen t time. It is proposed to employ Bayesian inference as a statistical tool for the determinat io of the scaling exponents.


Meaning inference is a common core concerned for by both pragmaticians and cognitive linguists,but they have different proposals.Cognitive linguists put more emphases on the activation of conceptual structures as interpretive guideposts,while pragmaticians focus on the principles of inferring the meaning from conversations,and put more emphases on context of language use.Based on the cognitive and pragmatic studies of inferencing,this article explores the role of metonymy in utterance interpretation,revealing the conceptual schema of pragmatic inference which underlies the way we understand reference assignment,speech act and conversational implicature.


In the paper, a class of complex dynamical network with non-delayed and delayed coupling is investigated. Then the problem of synchronization stability analysis for the complex dynamical network is further discussed. Taking advantage of linear matrix inequalities (LMI), a novel Lyapunov function is constructed. And then a new general stability criterion is proposed of synchronization state in the complex dynamical networks. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed theorem.


Natural vibrations of a strongly nonhomogeneous straight beam with arbitrary boundary conditions corresponding to elastic attachment of its ends are studied. An effective computational procedure is developed for determining transverse vibration frequencies and shapes on the basis of the solution of the eigenvalue/eigenfunction problem for the respective differential operator. On the basis of this procedure, a shooting-type method is developed. Propositions similar to Sturm's comparison theorems and corollaries from these theorems are formulated. The algorithm is tested on standard problems. A parametric synthesis is performed for a family of tapered beams with various boundary conditions that are frequently encountered in applications. The obtained results are compared with the classical results by Kirchhoff, Timoshenko, and Gould.


Breakdown of self-tolerance is an important common mechanism in autoimmunity. Despite considerable clinical heterogeneity, many autoimmune diseases exhibit common immunological mechanisms leading to a breakdown of self-tolerance. Identification of unique and similar patterns across different autoimmune disease may help to understand their pathophysiology behind.Establishing workflows for the multi-parameter deep immune phenotyping of T- and B-cells by unsupervised machine learning (ML) methods for feature extraction, cluster analysis and anomaly detection.We use machine learning to identify common patterns and dissimilarities between type 1 diabetes (T1D, n=69), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n=63), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n=38) and healthy controls (n=69) samples based on multi-plex immune phenotyping. PBMCs were isolated from patients with T1D, RA, SLE, and controls. A flow cytometry-based approach was applied, and a traditional analysis was compared to a ML method implemented in R [1] and based on self-organizing maps (Figure 1). Our pipeline includes unsupervised pre-gating, normalization, FlowSOM clustering [2], and a statistical model (GLMM), to check for significant differential abundances of cell populations among the autoimmune conditions.Figure 1.After applying our automated workflow to one T cell panel we could identify 14 cell clusters present in all the samples. The GLMM test revealed a cluster with a significant difference (p=0.035) and a trending one (p=0.059) on the abundance across the different diseases. In particular, CD4pos T cells expressing high IL-7 receptor (CD127) levels and median amounts of CD15s but low CD25, CD161 and FoxP3 are increased in T1D whereas CD4+CD25++CD15s+FoxP3lowCD161lowCD45RA- cells are increased in SLE.This unbiased, unsupervised ML workflow was able to identify canonical and novel clusters of T cells that are similar in RA, SLE and T1D. Additionally, a novel memory T cell population expressing CD15s was shown. This unsupervised analysis approach for large datasets enables the discovery of new immune cell populations complementing traditional workflows.[1]Ellis B, Haaland P, Hahne F, Le Meur N, Gopalakrishnan N, Spidlen J, Jiang M, Finak G (2021). flowCore: flowCore: Basic structures for flow cytometry data. R package version 2.6.0.[2]Van Gassen S, Callebaut B, Van Helden MJ, Lambrecht BN, Demeester P, Dhaene T, Saeys Y. FlowSOM: Using self-organizing maps for visualization and interpretation of cytometry data. Cytometry Part A. 2015 Jul;87(7):636-45.This work was funded by a grant from JDRF, LRA and NMSS (grant key: 2-SRA-2021-1043-S-B) and the Austrian Federal Government within the COMET K1 Centre Program, Land Steiermark and Land WienNone declared


The first paper of ArmSpeech presented an annotative native Armenian speech corpus, its data collection, preprocessing and annotation processes, corpus structure and statistics. The main reason for ArmSpeech creation is to increase Armenian language research resources because according to research there are no free or paid Armenian speech corpora for speech-to-text, text-to-speech and language research. From an NLP perspective, the Armenian language is a low-resourced language despite the fact that The Armenian language is an independent branch of the Indo-European language family and the native language of 12-15 million people. ArmSpeech corpus can be used in natural language processing (NLP) research. The first release of the corpus mainly contains audio clips extracted from free-to-use audiobooks. The total duration of audio clips is 11.77 hours. ArmSpeech's first release corpus includes 6206 audio clips of multiple speakers of any age, gender and accent. This paper intends to present the ArmSpeech extended version, which is a continuation of the previous work, includes an annotated Armenian speech, and the recording process is based on the volunteer's voice donation principle. The paper also introduces necessary data collection, pre-processing, recording and annotation stages, final results and statistics of the corpus. The material (text) needed for the recording was collected from the articles on Armenian news websites about lifestyle, culture, sport and politics․ Recording was done by 1 female and 3 male volunteers whose native language is Armenian. The total duration of the data included in the second release is approximately 4 hours and along with the first release, the ArmSpeech corpus becomes 15.7 hours.


The nation's GPs are treating more patients with increasingly complex health problems for a fraction of the cost of hospital based care, further undermining the Federal Government's case for introducing a $7 copayment.


By analyzing the factors affecting ROP in terms of drilling fluids, a theory of increasing ROP is presented. A fast drilling additive KSZJ was prepared based on the analysis of molecular structure of drilling fluid additives and drilling fluid performance. Laboratory evaluation was done on KSZJ as to the surface tension, adsorption effect, chip holdh-down effect, concentration of particles of micron sizes, friction, the variation of the strengths of cores etc. The application of the technology in more than 30 wells in several oilfield gave an average ROP increase of 18%, and borehole sloughing and friction and pipe sticking during trip were minimized.


Schizophrenia is characterized by three major symptom classes: positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. Classical antipsychotics (phenothiazines, thioxanthines, butyophenones) are effective against positive symptoms but induce major side-effects, in particular extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). The discovery of clozapine, which does not induce EPS and is thought effective against all three classes of symptom, has driven research for novel antipsychotics with a wider activity spectrum and lower EPS liability. To increase predictiveness, current efforts aim to develop translational models, where direct parallels can be drawn between the processes studied in animals and in man. The present paper reviews existing procedures in animals for their ability to predict compound efficacy and EPS liability in relation to their translational validity. Rodent models of positive symptoms include procedures related to dysfunction in central dopamine (DA), glutamatergic (N-methyl-D-aspartate, NMDA) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) neurotransmission. Procedures for evaluating negative symptoms include rodent models of anhedonia, affective flattening and diminished social interaction. Cognitive deficits can be assessed in rodent models of attention (prepulse inhibition) and of learning/memory (object and social recognition, Morris water maze and operant delayed alternation). The relevance of the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) is also discussed. A final section reviews procedures for assessing EPS liability, in particular parkinsonism (catalepsy in rodents), acute dystonia (purposeless chewing in rodents, dystonia in monkeys), akathisia (defecation in rodents) and tardive dyskinesia (long-term antipsychotic treatment in rodents and monkeys). It is concluded that, with notable exceptions (attention, learning /memory, EPS liability), current predictive models for antipsychotics fall short of clear translational validity. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. JPET Fast Forward. Published on March 3, 2010 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.110.166710 at A PE T Jornals on Jne 2, 2022 jpet.asjournals.org D ow nladed from JPET #166710 PIP Page 4


The article reveals the term "blended learning", which means the optimal combination of distance (electronic) and classroom learning; models of "blended learning" (rotational, which include rotation by stations, rotation by laboratories, "flipped classroom", individual rotation; flexible models; self-imposed models) are characterized; the model of blended learning "flipped classroom", where the typical presentation of lectures and the organization of homework change places, is considered; in order to understand the importance of conducting classes using the "flipped classroom" model, an attempt to compare it with the classic variant of conducting classes is made; the features of the "flipped classroom" model, which involve changing the teacher's role in the lesson; use of electronic educational resources; increasing the requirements for students' educational activities; accessibility and flexibility of the educational process; using an individual approach to each student; application of active learning, are determined; the technology of conducting a "flipped" lesson, which consists of four stages is proposed (the teacher records an explanation of new material using special programs and places an educational video or an electronic educational resource in the educational environment; students receive homework in the form of an educational video, an electronic educational resource and work on it independently; during the lesson, the teacher organizes educational activities, involves students in various types of work with the help of tasks that help to check the knowledge acquired by students on their own and give the opportunity to use it in practice; the teacher helps students to summarize the studied material on a certain topic and draw conclusions from the experience they gained during independent acquisition of knowledge); tools (presentations; video fragments of episodes of screened works; "time tape"; "word clouds"; "interactive virtual whiteboard", Viber messenger) that help to realize the "flipped learning" model at the History of Foreign Literature classes are presented. Such tools help shift the emphasis to the process of students' cognitive activity, during which they discover new knowledge for themselves – solve problems through discussions and debates, critically rethink existing assumptions, develop communication skills, independently generate solutions, draw conclusions from the experience they have gained during independent acquisition of knowledge.


NEW MATERIAL: A compd. of formula I [wherein R 1 is alkyl or optionally substd. aralkyl; R 2 is dialkylamino or Z-R 3 (wherein Z is O or S; and R 3 is alkyl or optionally substd. aralkyl); X is O, S, or NR 4 (wherein R 4 is H, alkyl, alkanoyl, or optionally substd. aralkyl or aryl; and Py is optionally substd. pyridyl]. EXAMPLE: Methyl 3-methoxy-2-[N-methyl-N-(6-phenyl-2-pyridinyl)amino]acrylate. USE: A pesticide. PROCESS: For example, a compd. of formula I of which R 2 is Z-R 3 (wherein Z is O) is obtd. by reacting a hydroxyacrylic acid compd. or a salt thereof of formula II (wherein M is H or an alkali metal) with an alkylating agent of the formula: R 3 -E 1 (wherein E 1 is an electron-attractive separable group), if suitable in the presence of a diluent and if suitable in the presence of a reaction aid. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


Supervision and governance can be understood as a narrow public governance or one of the specific expressing forms of public governance in the(financial) regulatory area.The researchers at home and abroad have provided us with a better clue on how to carry out the(financial) regulatory governance more effectively and how to design a set of more reasonable and effective institutional arrangements. This paper attempts to sort out these documents for future research to provide a basic file.


Optical properties of a transient layer with a broken structure that arises at the surface of optical glass at its treatment have been considered. Rather often, the surface of optical elements is considered to be perfect, although the actual inhomogeneous surface structure can have a significant effect for precision physical experiments or novel technological problems. Furthermore, the simulation of the surface layer structure and the corresponding optical characteristics, as well as the study of a possibility to determine those parameters from the results of optical researches, is also of theoretical interest, which is demonstrated in this work. Ellipsometric measurements of optical glass specimens with a broken surface layer are carried out. When modeling the angular dependences of the ellipsometric parameters tan ф and cos б, the near-surface specimen region is considered as a stack of 500 thin layers, and the matrix method of light reflection in this structure with regard for the interference phenomenon is used in calculations. Five models are tested for the optical profile of a nonuniform layer, whose parameters are fitted to achieve the minimum of the target function describing the discrepancy between the calculated and measured data. It is found that the theoretical models describe the optical properties of the specimens more accurately, if they make allowance for the inhomogeneous surface layer. Nevertheless, the solution of the inverse ellipsometric problem turns out ambiguous, so that additional measurements are required for the final choice of a model that would be adequate to the actual morphological structure of the broken layer to be made. However, the key advantage of the applied method consists in that it allows a direct registration of the optical response of the system.


In the dry steppe zone of the Tersko-Sulak sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan, a positive effect of drip irrigation against the background of heap tillage on the yield and quality of sweet pepper fruits was established. The effectiveness of maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold for soil moisture not less than 80 % of HB in the root-inhabited layer in combination with dump tillage to a depth of 0.23…0.25 m proved. This combination provides fruit yield at the level of 60…62 t/ha with an increase in sugar content and content Vitamin C compared to fine processing. The data obtained indicate the inappropriateness of the use of fine processing sweet pepper at 0.10…0.12 m under irrigated conditions, which leads to a deterioration in agrophysical and phytosanitary indicators of fertility. In particular, the soil density increases by 0.05…0.08 t/m3, the number of water-resistant aggregates decreases by 7 %, water permeability decreases by 22 % and the coefficient of water resistance increases by more than 2 times weed plantings and potential soil weed. Determined that out of the three studied constant pre-irrigation thresholds of humidity of the root layer (70, 80 and 90 % LMC), the best conditions for plant growth and development are formed at 80 % LMC: photosynthetic potential increases by 12 %, photosynthesis net productivity by 20.9 %, the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation to 1.02 %, a decrease in the utilization rate of irrigation water by 28.3 % (70.3 m3/t). In order to maintaining a pre-irrigation moisture threshold of at least 80 % LMC, irrigations with a norm of 216 m3/ha carried out, after-planting irrigation of seedlings with an irrigation norm of 65 m3/ha with an average irrigation rate of 4384 m3/ha The combination of pre-irrigation threshold in a layer of 0.5 m 80 % LMC and dump processing provides a return on production costs of 173.1 % with a payback period of 1 year.


An algorithm to generate random representative volume elements (RVE) of the microstructure of materials with a large number of circular inclusions of constant diameter is described. The type of problem that the algorithm addresses belongs to the class of sphere packing problems, with important industrial and academic applications. In fact, statistical mechanics of hard-sphere systems has generated considerable interest by the scientific community from Boltzman (1898) [20] to the Bernal (1959)[2] works on the model of the structure of liquids using random close packing (RCP), and many researchers have contributed to this subject. In this work, the general propose algorithm developed is able to generate models that define the internal structure of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites and other materials, but can also be used for other types of applications. The proposed algorithm has a linear complexity and it is based on a new and innovative geometric concept to distribute the inclusions. The computational efficiency of this algorithm was compared with the efficiency of other existing algorithm ([18]) revealing the advantages of the method. The generated models have been combined with finite element analysis of materials subjected to periodic boundary conditions and showed transversal isotropy of the material and good agreement with experimental results.


Almost Blank Subframe (ABS) reduces the cross tier interference but it also reduces the capacity of microcell. Reduced power Subframe (RPSF) improves the performance of macrocell as compare to ABS. RPSF density becomes very important parameter as it partitions time resources. To fairly allocate the resources an appropriate RPSF density should be used. Therefore in this paper dynamic density of RPSFs is used and allocated. Per user spectral efficiency is calculated for each type of user. The proportional fairness among users is also calculated after optimization of important parameters like scheduling threshold, power reduction factor and range expansion bias. Over a range of power reduction factor maximum proportional fairness is achieved.


The project concerns the development of an overhead lift and was initiated by SHL Healthcare, a company that manufactures rehabilitation equipment for the hospital and home healthcare market. The l ...


Nonintentionally doped metalorganic vapor‐phase epitaxy Ga1−x InxP layers, having an alloy composition (x = 0.49) corresponding to a lattice matched to GaAs, grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, have been studied by capacitance‐voltage and deep‐ level transient spectroscopy techniques. They are found to exhibit a free‐carrier concentration at room temperature of the order of 1015 cm−3. Two electron traps have been detected. The first one, at 75 meV below the conduction band, is in small concentration (∼ 1013 cm−3) while the other, at about 0.9 eV and emitting electrons above room temperature, has a concentration in the range 1014–1015 cm−3.


Various models have been created to categorize, structure and organize the description of Data Fusion (DF). One common problem in these models is the difficulty in depicting multiple concurrent interacting DF processes in different phases of information processing, and the continuous and often ad hoc interaction between functions and processes. This paper proposes an approach, called the Extended OODA model, which is derived from some of the existing models, but provides a mechanism to present interactions and concurrency. A brief overview is given for the models upon which the Extended OODA model was derived. A detailed description of the Extended OODA model is provided, along with an explanation of its relationship to its predecessors, and how it overcomes certain deficiencies of them. Finally, the use of the Extended OODA model is demonstrated by applying it to Command and Control for the HALIFAX Class Frigate.


This article aims to reflect on the implications of the ethics in the use of the information and communications technology (ICT) in learning contexts at school. Firstly, some relevant issues concerning the use of these tools are identified, specifying those difficulties which require guidance and orientation from a teacher. Then, we emphasize the need to update the protocols that regulate the behaviors of the internet users, especially, when they involve children and teenagers in educational communities. Finally, some proposals to guide future papers about this topic are given, in order to establish good behavior guidelines for the students in the digital era.


In a new video interview, Holly Oh, a pediatrician at The Dimock Center in Boston, looks back on a memorable patient encounter. A young male, complaining of cold symptoms on the day before Thanksgiving, reminded her that health care is only part of the conversation when discussing a patient's well-being and quality of life.


By 2016 a total of 23 protected areas in Colombia were classified as areas with ecotourism potential. This paper describes the conditions under which ecotourism is currently developed and the requirements for its functioning; it presents the different environmental, cultural and economic impacts generated by ecotourism activities and it identifies –under the criteria of a group of experts representing different entities related to tourism and protected areas– how tourism quality and environmental sustainability certifications given by adopting the NTS-TS regulations and the environmental management system under ISO 14001, 2015 in this industry would have an impact on the environment of the protected areas.


Abstract This study reports degradation of azoxystrobin (AZOXY) and imidacloprid (IMIDA) in the rice straw (RS)/corn cob (CC) and peat (P)/compost (C)-based biomixtures. The effect of biomixture preconditioning (10 days incubation prior to pesticide application), pesticide concentration and moisture content was evaluated. Results suggested that conditioning of biomixture greatly affected IMIDA degradation where half-life (t1/2) was reduced by 5–9 times. This was attributed to higher microbial biomass carbon content and dehydrogenase activity in the conditioned biomixtures. Pesticide application in the conditioned biomixture did not show any negative impact on soil microbial parameters. Both pesticides degraded at faster rate in the rice straw-based biomixtures than in the corn cob-based biomixtures. Degradation slowed down with increase in initial concentration of pesticides in biomixture and 1.6–3.0 (AZOXY) and 2.4–3.6 (IMIDA) times increase in t1/2 values was observed. The moisture content of biomixture showed positive effect on degradation which increased when moisture content was increased from 60 to 80% water holding capacity. The effect was significant for IMIDA degradation in the corn cob-based biomixtures and AZOXY degradation in the peat biomixtures. The rice straw-based biomixtures were better in degrading AZOXY and IMIDA and can be used in biopurification systems.


Heterogeneous and multiphase reactions of ozone are important pathways for chemical ageing of atmospheric organic aerosols (Abbatt, Lee and Thornton, 2012). The effects of particle phase state on the reaction kinetics are still not fully elucidated and cannot be described by classical models assuming a homogeneous condensed phase (Berkemeier et al., 2013). We apply a kinetic multi-layer model, explicitly resolving gas adsorption, condensed phase diffusion and condensed phase chemistry (Shiraiwa et al., 2010), to systematic measurements of ozone uptake onto proxies for secondary organic aerosols (SOA). Our findings show how moisture-induced phase changes affect the gas uptake and chemical transformation of organic matter through change in the physicochemical properties of the substrate: the diffusion coefficients are found to be low under dry conditions, but increase by several orders of magnitude toward higher relative humidity (RH). The solubility of ozone in the dry organic matrix is found to be one order of magnitude higher than in the dilute aqueous solution. The model simulations reveal that at high RH, ozone uptake is mainly controlled by reaction throughout the particle bulk, whereas at low RH, bulk diffusion is retarded severely and reaction at the surface becomes the dominant pathway, with ozone uptake being limited by replenishment of unreacted organic molecules from the bulk phase. The experimental results can only be reconciled including a pathway for ozone self-reaction, which becomes especially important under dry and polluted conditions. Ozone self-reaction can be interpreted as formation and recombination of long-lived reactive oxygen intermediates at the aerosol surface, which could also explain several kinetic parameters and has implications for the health effects of organic aerosol particles. This study hence outlines how kinetic modelling can be used to gain mechanistic insight into the coupling of mass transport, phase changes, and chemical reactions in complex multiphase reaction systems.


Results demonstrated that in meat quail, three genotypes (AA, BB and AB) were detected at locus A and B in MyoG gene. Locus A is significantly correlated with weight and body length of meat quail (P<0.05). Locus B is significantly correlated with weight, breastbone length and body length of meat quail (P<0.05). The MyoG gene can be used for marker-assisted selection of growth traits in meat quails.


We want to respond to Robert Pierce's letter published in the September issue of the SWS Bulletin. Mr. Pierce raised some issues that merit discussion by the SWS board and membership, but he also presented several statements and suggestions that were inaccurate or based on inappropriate interpretations of the Society's mission, governing rules and mechanisms of governance. We will limit our comments to three areas – (1) Mr. Pierce's claim that members of the executive board acted improperly in submitting a position statement for the Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) on the Clean Water Act Regulatory Definition of "Waters of the United States" in 2002; (2) the suggestion that "advocacy" is not allowable under the SWS charter and bylaws nor desired by the membership; and (3) the implication that the Society's governance structure is neither representative of nor sensitive to the views of the membership.


The multinationals in Colombia should accept theirs responsibilities, not only with the shareholders in his parent companies, but also with their workers and communities of this country. In order, that exists a more equitable social and economic development. The problematic of the collective dismissals affects directly the development of the employees, not only in his economy but also in theirs emotions and feelings that are reflected inside the company. The climate organizational is the indicated thermometer, defines the impact of the decisions of the businesspersons opposite to the collective dismissal. In this test the argumentation bases on the multinational of telecommunications Telephonic Telecom, Taking the survey of climate as a reference organizational in his dimensions of image / pride and daily work, with base in this analysis we will determine the impact of the collective dismissals in the climate organizational of the company


The C1 Hermitian interpolation with spherical Pythagorean-Hodograph(PH) curve is discussed. Under the stereographic projection, the initial data on the sphere are projected to a plane. A planar PH curve is then constructed. Thirdly, by projecting the curve to the sphere, a spherical rational PH curve is generated. During the above process, the stereographic projection preserving PH is utilized and the spherical C1 PH curve is constructed, which can be used in the design for the locus of robots and CNC (Computerized Numerical Control) interpolating, etc.


Mr. Liikanen: Mr. Andrew Haldane's presentation reminds me of a famous phrase by Mencken, who said that for every complex problem there is an answer that is clear, simple and wrong. I still think Andy may have a point. When I look at your (Mr. Haldane's) propositions, you say for instance that you need to take flaws in internal models into consideration. You raise the issue of quantitybased regulation. Is your proposition that these should be substitutes for risk-weight-based regulation, or should they complement them? If they are complementary, it is not simple—but it can make sense.


This paper examines the literature on the involvement of ethnic minorities in physical education. These minorities include Hispanics, American Indians, Asian Americans, and African Americans. In physical education, as in other disciplines, currently the number of minority professionals in teaching is declining. Through a review of literature on minorities, the paper addresses relevant topics that may enhance understanding of minority issues in physical education. The major topics addressed are: (1) the factors affecting the participation of minorities in teaching, (2) the nature of minority teacher representation in teaching, and (3) ways for increasing the number of ethnic minorities in physical education. Also under consideration are complex factors that have an impact on participation of minorities in the teaching force: the number of years of schooling which affects the rate of entering minorities into teacher education; access to educational opportunities which enhance growth and employment; and the loss of minorities as role models in the teaching profession. (JD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Minorities in P.E. Page 1 The Minority Agenda in Physical Education: Perspectives and Suggestions Running head: Minorities in P.E. Reginald T-A. Ocansey, Ph.D. Department of Physical Education & Sport SUNY Brockport, Brockport 14420 (716) 395-3540. BITNET: OCANSEY@BROCK1P "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Oft. of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as wer ilom the parson or organization originating it II Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or Opinions slated in this docu ment do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy Minorities in P.E. Page 2 The Minority Agenda in Physical Education: Perspectives and Suggestions


Measurements from the Lepedea plasma instruments and the flux gate magnetometers on ISEE 1 and 2 are used to examine the nature of the hydromagnetic waves associated with the various classes of ions backstreaming from the earth's bow shock. The reflected ions, which are confined to a narrow energy and angular range, are accompanied by a small amplitude (< or approx. =1/2..gamma.. peak to peak) left-handed waves at frequencies close to 1 Hz in the spacecraft frame. Diffuse backstreaming particles with a broad energy spectrum are associated with low frequency (approx. 30-s period) large amplitude (approx.5 ..gamma.. peak to peak) waves. Intermediate particles are associated with a mixture of these two wave types. Often the waves associated with the diffuse beams steepen as if they were mini shocks. The leading edge (trailing edge in the spacecraft frame) frequently appears to break up into a whistler mode wave packet. These discrete wave packets are right-hand polarized and have frequencies from below the proton gyrofrequency to well above it in the plasma frame and are blown back towards the earth by the solar wind.


Abstract Motorway construction poses various problems, both in green fields, mainly because of concerns about the natural environment, as well as in brown fields, for technical reasons and due to disturbing residents. The Silesian voivodeship is one of the particularly problematic areas. The construction of the A1 motorway is not an easy task there. It is not only because of the potential changes in the environment or difficulties in conducting construction work in mining areas, but also because of the highly urbanised area, requiring both the compulsory purchase of land, as well as demolition of housing infrastructure. The aim of the study is to present the most serious conflicts related to the construction of the A1 motorway in the Silesian voivodeship. The method used in the study was the analysis of documents related to its construction from the websites of the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad - GDDKiA), the Voivodeship Office in Katowice and evaluation of information from the websites of communities in which the motorway investments were carried out. Moreover, voivodeship electronic editions of magazines and daily newspapers from the years 2006-2013 on the disputes arising from the construction of the A1 motorway were reviewed. As a result of the study it was found that for different sections of the motorway social conflicts occurred. They were diverse in nature, extent and the course. The analysis of the results shows that the implementation of this type of investment requires not only financial expenses and studies on the environmental impact, but also activities involving their social environment.


INTRODUCTION The allegation of shoplifting is unusual in that a significant minority of the accused, up to 20 per cent in Gibbens's study (Gibbens and Prince, 1962) is sent for psychiatric assess ment. This may occur owing to the assumption that the alleged offence may not have been an intentional act of criminality for gain: the per petrator was possibly not delinquent, but 'ill'. To secure a conviction of theft, it must not only be proven that goods were taken {actus reus) but that an intent was formed to permanently deprive the owner of them (mens rea) (Smith and Hogan, 1983). The psychiatrist's report may argue that there are medical grounds which suggest mens rea was absent, if convic tion is to be avoided. It has been asserted by Wallis (1984) that 'as yet no code exists to synthesize psychiatric and legal knowledge, thinking and practice for shoplifters'. However, the subject literature is extensive and highly multidisciplinary; from it, the author proposes such a code, based on recognizable types of shoplifter and their as sociated mens rea status. It is hoped that this new classification will be useful to general practitioners and psychiatrists in their assess ment of patients accused of shoplifting.


A new enhanced denitrogenation subsurface infiltration system was built by filling with a layer of iron-carbon mixture at the bottom of the infiltration ditch.The results showed that enhanced denitrogenation subsurface infiltration system could reach better effluent quality.The averaged removal rates of COD,TP and TN were 92%,99%,and 80% respectively when the hydraulic load was 2 cm/d.Chemical-denitrogenation method,such as iron-carbon method combined with subsurface infiltration system,could greatly improve the effect of denitrogenation,which provided a new way to improve the denitrogenation effect of the subsurface infiltration system.


Biofortification has been recognized as a promising option to combat the micronutrient deficiencies, including zinc deficiency. Rice is the staple food crop in India, but, the daily zinc requirement cannot be achieved through typical rice-based vegetarian diet. ICAR- IIRR has developed the high zinc-content rice variety, 'DRR Dhan 45', with overall mean zinc content of 23.66 ppm in polished rice. This study has measured the potential impact of zinc-biofortified rice using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) saved based on the counterfactual approach, estimating the impact as the difference in the number of DALYs attributable to zinc deficiency before and after the introduction of the zinc-biofortified rice. The current zinc-content of the popular rice varieties is about 13 ppm and the potential zinc content of the biofortified rice is 23–24 ppm with a potential increase of 80 per cent. The calculated annual burden of zinc deficiency in India in 2011 is 1.3 million DALYs lost and with biofortified rice this burden could be lowered up to 35 per cent. The study has revealed that the cost of saving one healthy life year through zinc biofortification of rice costs US$ 20 under pessimistic scenario and US$ 3 under optimistic scenario, proving the cost-effectiveness of the intervention.


Based on the characteristics of united energy dissipaters of the water conservancy junctions in Baise,called"wide flange piers of crest outlets+mesopore free drop+underflow absorption basin",in line with the complexity of geological conditions of absorption basin,the article uses the test results of hydrodynamic load module of absorption basin,calculates and analyzes the stability of baseplate against floating,with the consideration of the situation that water cannot be stopped.


Ceramics of type (BiFeO3)x (PbTiO3)1-x have been fabricated using conventional mixed oxide synthesis. The strain field (xE)/polarisation field (PE) behaviour of compositions x = 0.80, 0.70, 0.65 and 0.60 have been studied. At high field strengths, piezoelectricity can be instilled in these materials. The composition x = 0.70 is observed to be the most active of those studied, with a total strain of 0.22% and a d33 of 160 pm V −1 using an electric field strength of 18 MV m −1 . It is not possible to determine the magnitude of the coercive field using the PE data in these materials. The most active composition is observed to lie outside the mixed phase region.


Objective To investigate the role of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) of newborns with congenital heart failure and its clinical significance.Methods One hundred newborns with congenital heart disease were selected as our subjects.They were divided into 3 groups according to cardiac function grading criteria and that were grade Ⅰ group(30 cases),grade Ⅱ group(40 cases) and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ group(30 cases).Another 30 normal newborns were served as control group matched with age,gender.ET-1,ANP were detected.Results The levels of ET-1 and ANP in newborns of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ were (132.35 ±5.26) ng/L and (9.25 ± 2.37) pmol/L,significant higher than that in control group((53.62 ± 3.81) ng/L and (1.15 ±0.09) pmol/L;P <0.01).As the severity of the disease in newborns with congenital heart failure,the level of ET-1,ANP were activated more.There was a positive correlation between ET-1 and grade of cardiac function (r =0.35,P < 0.01).Meanwhile,it also showed a positive correlation between ANP and cardiac function (r =0.72,P < 0.01).Conclusion ET-1,ANP in newborns with congenital heart disease are activated with characterized of chronic heart failure,and related to severity of the disease.

Key words:
Newborns congenital heart disease;  Heart failure;  Heart defects;  Endothelin 1 ; Atrial natriuretic peptide


In tomography, reconstruction and analysis is often performed once the acquisition has been completed due to the computational cost of the 3D imaging algorithms. In contrast, real-time reconstruction and analysis can avoid costly repetition of experiments and enable optimization of experimental parameters. Recently, it was shown that by reconstructing a subset of arbitrarily oriented slices, real-time quasi-3D reconstruction can be attained. Here, we extend this approach by including realtime segmentation, thereby enabling real-time analysis during the experiment. We propose to use a convolutional neural network (CNN) to perform real-time image segmentation and introduce an adapted training strategy in order to apply CNNs to arbitrarily oriented slices. We evaluate our method on both simulated and real-world data. The experiments show that our approach enables realtime tomographic segmentation for real-world applications and outperforms standard unsupervised segmentation methods.


An electronic device and a method related to a programmable button on bezel of the electronic device are provided. The electronic device including a first display and a second display may comprise an operation of mapping a button arranged on one or more second displays with an objective displayed on the first display; an operation of displaying the button on the one or more second displays; and an operation corresponding to the objective when the button of the displayed button is activated. [Reference numerals] (110) Sensing unit; (120) Memory; (130) First display unit; (140) Second display unit; (150) Communication unit; (160) Button mapping unit; (170) Control unit


Data analysis showed statistically significant seasonal differences in a number of physiological indicators depending on the sports specialization – skiing or biathlon, which are manifested by changes in the level of somatotropic hormone, cortisol, hematocrit, the level of saturation of erythrocytes with hemoglobin, absolute and relative values of maximum oxygen consumption, oxygen pulse.


OBJECTIVE To enhance the rational usage of antibiotics by comprehensive interventional measures in clinics.METHODS Several interventional measures have been adopted in our hospital since January 2001: to(establish) expert team on antibiotics usage and administration consultation;constitute antibiotics use criteria(suitable) for each clinical specialty;train and examine the usage of antibiotics;censor the distribution of pathogen and drug-resistance variance.Then 10% of the discharged medical records in 2000,2002 and 2004 were drawn out respectively to analyze the usage of antibiotics and the isolation of pathogen from nosocomial infection cases.(RESULTS) The proportion of the patients with prophylactic and remedial indications was increased remarkably((P0.01));the ratio of drug-combination reduced significantly(except for the departments of internal medicine)((P0.01));the examining rate of the samples of nosocomial infection cases raised obviously(P0.05).(CONCLUSIONS) The goal of controlling and reasonable usage of antibiotics might be achieved by participation of clinical physicians,pharmacist,lab techician and hospital infection workers.


Unsuri has a religious characteristic (culture aswaja), like a public campus characterized by "Islam". Characteristics like this, become one of the efforts to as well as a means to request support and cooperation with the community. Admittedly or not, Islamic education institutions or universities in several regions have until now felt that the community often dominated private universities, this was also felt by Unsuri, that most of the people around Unsuri did not immediately choose Unsuri as their chosen campus, based on this phenomenon, the author feels interested in knowing the initial state of the committee's strategy or the new Sunan Giri Surabaya student admission team, to find out the strategies and committee programs of Sunan Giri University Surabaya, this type of research is descriptive qualitative research, namely data collected in the form of words words, images, not numbers, according to Bagda and Taylor, as quoted by Lexy J. Moleong, qualitative research is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words from people and observed behavior. Meanwhile descriptive research is a form of research that is shown to describe or describe phenomena that exist both natural phenomena and human engineering.


The central attraction of this paper is to prove holders inequality in some new spaces such as Grand Lebesgue Space L P) . Small Lebesgue space L P)' and Banach Lattice space X P . Key words: Holders Inequality DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v8i1-2.5119 Journal of the Institute of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 1&2, 2010/2011 Page: 259-262 Uploaded Date : 20 July, 2011