In Britain, the world of paid employment has undergone considerable change over the last twenty years. After the de-industrialisation of the 1980s, it was increasingly argued not only that economic growth (and thus high levels of employment) was unsustainable, but also that the nature of paid work had changed irrevocably (Handy, 1984). Jobs were increasingly characterised by apparent insecurities, deriving from managerial practices such as organisational 'delayering' (for example, removing supervisory and managerial positions) and 'outsourcing' (subcontracting catering, cleaning and other tasks once carried out 'in-house'). It was suggested that self-employment would rise to meet the needs of outsourcing, as would non-permanent forms of employment such as fixed term contracts. Even by the year 2000, Beck was still describing 'the Brazilianization of the West' – that is, a massive shift towards casual, insecure employment – as virtually inevitable. In some contrast, more optimistic predictions argued that in wealthier societies (such ...


The way to transform between heterogeneous schemas is presented.The translation from relational model to hierarchical model,which is commonly available on the Web,is mainly discussed.The translation is based on the semantic of source schema and target schema,and includes two phases: semantic translation and data translation.


The purpose of this paper is to acquaint fieldworkers with some of the general characteristics and capabilities of several types of apparatus, such as magnetic tape recorders, still and cine cameras, and sound film and videotape systems, and to suggest circumstances in which they may be useful. It is hoped that it will stimulate interest among those whose fieldwork could benefit from such apparatus. Little has been written for anthropologists on these matters, which have perhaps been considered as not quite worthy of serious attention. Besides this, new types of apparatus are continually being introduced, and useful records can be obtained with apparatus which is becoming cheaper, lighter and simpler to operate. This paper can in no way act as a buyer's guide or provide detailed advice on the vast array of available apparatus, neither does it attempt to consider the value of audiovisual records in understanding the phenomena to which they refer. Recording apparatus has a high rate of storage and information capacity, with complete and repeated recall facilities. It is therefore most useful in studying "once only" events, and in behaviour studies, but least useful in elucidating concepts and relationships. The records produced are objective within certain limitations. Disadvantages of apparatus are cost, need for maintenance, weight and the effort of operation. In some circumstances it may disturb the subjects of study, though this of course can be done without apparatus! It is important that the apparatus should be competently handled, and used for adequate reasons, otherwise human and material resources will be squandered. The detailed study of complex behaviour involving movement and sound needs both pictorial and sound recording methods. Where more than one channel is being used to collect information, it is important that some system of cross-referencing be used which will allow integration of all records. The ideal method is to record all types of information on a single piece of impressionable material. Thus with a stereophonic tape recorder the sounds of an event can be recorded on one channel, while all observations made by the observer can be recorded simultaneously and independently on the other channel. Integration of moving pictures and sound records using synchronous sound filming apparatus has been almost prohibitively expensive and complicated until the last few years. Where the highest-quality recording is not required it is likely to be largely superseded, on grounds of cost and simplicity of operation, by portable self-powered videotape apparatus which has just become available. The purposes of field recordings considered in this paper are research, where the records constitute primary evidence used by the investigator, and communication with colleagues, students and the wider public. Records produced for these purposes differ somewhat in the standards required. Thus research records require a maximum of documentation and a minimum of recording quality, which needs only to be sufficiently good to provide unequivocal evidence. The larger the group with whom communication is intended the less the need for documentation and the greater the need for high recording quality.


CROATIAN POPULATION: ARE THERE ANY MUTATIONS AND POLYMORPHISMS IN PMM2 AND ALG6 GENE S. Supraha, G. Lauc and J. Dumic Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovacica 1, Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com The most common types of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are CDG Ia and CDG Ic. Type Ia is caused by reduced N-glycosylation due to phosphomannomutase 2 deficiency as a consequence of mutations in PMM2 gene. The most frequent single-base mutations are present in exon 5, 422G>A and 357C>A, resulting in R141H and F119L substitution, respectively. CDG Ic is caused by mutations in ALG6 gene, encoding Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol α 1, 3-glucosyltransferase. The most significant mutation found in this gene C998T resulting in an A333V substitution has so far been detected in patients of European origin. We have recently undertaken a comprehensive project to determine the frequency of various mutations/polymorphisms in PMM2 and ALG6 genes in Croatian population. Until now no patient with CDG was detected in Croatia. Here we present results of screening for mutations in the exon 5 and parts of intervening sequences IVS4 and IVS5 of PMM2 gene and exon 11 of ALG6 gene. Up today we analyzed samples obtained of 350 unrelated Croats. Screening for R141H and F119L was performed using PCR-SSCP analysis (6% PAG-electrophoresis, 15 C, 5 hrs, 3W). 24 fragments that showed aberrant electrophoretic patterns were additionally sequenced on ABIPrism 310 Genetic Analyzer. R141H and F119L mutations were not found in the analyzed group. However, we detected six homozygotes for IVS5+19T/T, three homozygotes for IVS5+19C/C and fifteen heterozygotes (IVS5+19T/C) for intragenic single nucleotide polymorphism IVS5+19T/C, while all 24 individuals were homozygous for IVS5+22T/T. One of the heterozygotes for IVS5+19T/C was also a heterozygote for deletion of 3bp (ATG) on the position -58 in intron 4. To be able to analyze the frequency of A333V mutation in ALG6 gene we optimized PCR-SSCP procedure: electrophoresis was performed on 6% PAG, at 4 C for 5 hours using 6W. In the samples analyzed until now A333V mutation has not been identified. were additionally sequenced on ABIPrism 310 Genetic Analyzer. R141H and F119L mutations were not found in the analyzed group. However, we detected six homozygotes for IVS5+19T/T, three homozygotes for IVS5+19C/C and fifteen heterozygotes (IVS5+19T/C) for intragenic single nucleotide polymorphism IVS5+19T/C, while all 24 individuals were homozygous for IVS5+22T/T. One of the heterozygotes for IVS5+19T/C was also a heterozygote for deletion of 3bp (ATG) on the position -58 in intron 4. To be able to analyze the frequency of A333V mutation in ALG6 gene we optimized PCRSSCP procedure: electrophoresis was performed on 6% PAG, at 4 C for 5 hours using 6W. In the samples analyzed until now A333V mutation has not been identified.


In this work, we show a tool used to assess a set of programming practices within a subject dealing with basic computing in the first course of two engineering degrees. Our goal is to use the same tool in several practices and this tool should be known by students, thus they will be aware of their learning. The tool consists in a rubric which will take into account some aspects of the development of a practice: working, resolution, software documentation, etc. In this way, students will be able to see in what grade they have completed each aspect and learn from their mistakes in order to take them into account for future practice developments, and, in consequence, getting better marks. Along this document we will see how our rubric has been designed and its use. Finally, we present some assessment data with the rubric and our students' opinions about the rubric design and its use for assessing.


We previously reported indirect but compelling evidence that fine-grained H2O ice under elevated CH4 gas pressure can persist to temperatures well above its ordinary melting point while slowly reacting to form methane clathrate hydrate. This phenomenon has now been visually verified by duplicating these experiments in an optical cell while observing the very slow hydrate-forming process as the reactants were warmed from 250 to 290 K at methane pressures of 23 to 30 MPa. Limited hydrate growth occurred rapidly after initial exposure of the methane gas to the ice grains at temperatures well within the ice subsolidus region. No evidence for continued growth of the hydrate phase was observed until samples were warmed above the equilibrium H2O melting curve. With continued heating, no bulk melting of the ice grains or free liquid water was detected anywhere within the optical cell until hydrate dissociation conditions were reached (292 K at 30 MPa), even though full conversion of the ice grains to hydrate requ...


Introduces a hardware design methodology based on Petri nets that is applied to the verification of digital control paths. The main purpose is to design control paths that are modeled and verified formally by means of Petri net techniques. A verified digital system can be implemented in self-timed or in synchronous clocked hardware modules. Finally, timing analysis can be performed by timed Petri nets.


In Classical antiquity, the Greek word στίγμα, stigma in Latin, referred to tattoos that slaves or criminals received on their bodies to point out their condition or crime committed. With the advent of Christianity, this term acquired a new sense, a semantic specialization within Latin Cristian literature. Firstly, the following essay will begin by analyzing the earliest sources relevant for Christianism in which this word and related ones are used. Then, the different contexts in which it is used and the meanings it receives will be analyzed in order to define the evolution of the term in Christian literature.


The present study examined the requirement of Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC-18748 for iron. Nutrient broth depleted of iron by the chelating cation exchange resin Chelex-100 did not support the growth of T. mentagrophytes beyond germ tube formation. The soluble chelate of iron, ferric ammonium citrate, restored the capacity of the chelated medium to support fungal growth in proportion to the amount of iron added. Ferric chloride, which rapidly becomes insoluble at neutral pH, was not effective in the medium. The soluble salts of cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, and zinc individually did not replace the requirement for iron. A method for defining the iron requirement based upon utilization of iron from ferric ammonium citrate is described. These data indicate that the growth of T. mentagrophytes ATCC-18748 is iron-dependent, which is consistent with the hypothesis that serum transferrin inhibits dermatophyte growth by the mechanism of iron deprivation.


Dr. Denis Hill (Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London): The title of this discussion suggests that there have been some significant and radical changes in the theory or practice of electroencephalography. This, I think, has not yet occurred, but I believe we are now in a position to take another look at our subject and to make an attempt at re-appraisal of its techniques and of its usefulness. The history of electroencephalography indicates that in its clinical application it has been necessary always to use an empirical approach. We still have no fundamental knowledge of how the EEG phenomena are produced by neurones, and we have little knowledge of how these phenomena are altered by disease processes. We still do not know with any certainty what physiological functions, if any, these spontaneous electrical rhythms reflect. Interpretation of the EEG record for meaningful clinical purposes has rested therefore upon a basis of approximate correlations. There is little or no physiological logic or meaningfulness in this process, which has been empirical at the lowest level-i.e. a process of correlating EEG patterns with clinical facts without, as a consequence, the development of any theory which can be tested by experiment to account for the associations which have appeared. The lack of a general theory of cerebral functions to take account at cnce of both the normal and the abnormal EEG is still the greatest defect in the subject. The patterns of electro-cortical activity seen in the experimental animal subjected to lesions in, and stimulation of, different subcortical areas bear striking resemblances in many instances to the abnormal patterns encountered in the human EEG. It has proved very tempting to interpret the phenomena of the abnormal human EEG in terms of the results obtained on the experimental animal. The recognition of the influence which subcortical systems have upon the patterns of the cortical EEG has been the oustanding advance in knowledge of the last ten years. Nevertheless we must admit that the empirical approach to the subject has failed, since by this method the accuracy of diagnosis-the capacity to answer the clinical problemhas not significantly increased. Rather the reverse has occurred, since with increasing knowledge and experience, the apparent correlations have become less certain. In this respect we can compare the situation of clinical electroencephalography with other empirical techniques in medicine which have proved successful. Generally speaking, most of the measurements of chemical or physiological variables and the single observations of an anatomical or of a structural nature which we can make on man have reasonably hard and fast and therefore predictable associations. It is upon such things that the validity of laboratory techniques rests in clinical medicine. The empirical approach to electroencephalography has failed by comparison. The early work relating simple EEG observations to obvious clinical events has not proved a solid foundation upon which further measurements could be made which, in turn, increased knowledge of cerebral function or led to greater accuracy in topographic diagnosis or understanding of disease process. I would say that, as a result of a single EEG examination and without any clinical information it is rarely possible to predict what is likely to be wrong with a patient. The most useful knowledge the electroencephalographer can possess is clinical information about the patient; indeed, the electroencephalographer must interpret his data in the light of the clinical symptoms. Complete ignorance of the clinical state or an inability to understand the clinical problem which the patient presents, leads to the wildest errors, even in the hands of the most experienced physiologists. Some of the difficulties which have arisen may have been due to common errors of thinking such as: (1) First there has been preoccupation with areas of the brain as if they were autonomous units when, in fact, every area is part of a system or systems, disturbance in any part of which may disturb the functions of the area under observation. (2) As a corollary of this there has been the idea that the disturbance caused by a lesion is necessarily at the site of the lesion. (3) Thirdly there has been the erroneous idea that there exist electrophysiological or "electropathological" entities having constant clinical associations and a common causation. An example of this is the idea that bilaterally synchronous spike and wave activity is a func-


To determine the essential parameters for mesophase formation in imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), a library of 1-alkyl-3-dodecylimidazolium bromides was synthesized, abbreviated as CnC12, where 0 ≤ n ≤ 13, as the general notion is that a dodecyl side chain would guarantee the formation of an ionic liquid crystal (ILC). All salts were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Their thermal properties were recorded, and mesophase formation was assessed. An odd–even effect is observed for 5 ≤ n ≤ 10 in the temperatures of melting transitions. While the majority of this series, as expected, formed mesophases, surprisingly compounds C2C12 and C6C12 could not be classified as ILCs, the latter being a room temperature IL, while C2C12 is a crystalline solid with melting point at 37 °C. The single crystal structure of compound 1-ethyl-3-dodecylimidazolium bromide (C2C12) was successfully obtained. Remarkably, the arrangement of imidazolium cores in the structure is very complicated due t...


A previous report (ORNL/TM-5314, (1976)) described the collision operator used in the CPM (Collisional Plasma Model), and presented a rigorous derivation of its matrix elements. This report is concerned with practical techniques for obtaining the numerical values of the matrix elements. It is intended primarily for those who must implement or understand a computer simulation based on the CPM.


In the transmitter, temperature and humidity are measured and sent to the micro, then into the micro are turned to digital and while the displays on the LCD module through the SPI protocol are sent to RFM12, FSK modulation by module, then this information is sent to the receiver module. At the receiver, the data received by means of the module via the same protocol SPI will be transferred to the micro and micro also through the USART Protocol and MAX232 IC pass data to a computer and the Terminal software Code Vision displayed .


Manufacturing of sheet metal component varies to a vast extent in terms of the forming methods and in turn the manufacturing planning when compared with prismatic or cylindrical components. Sheet metal bending is one of the widely used methods in sheet metal processing. During progressive bending to form a 3D component from the flat pattern, any arbitrary bending sequence cannot be adopted as there is a possibility of tool-part collision. Normally, physical try-outs are done to arrive at a feasible bending sequence. Apart from a feasible bending sequence, part positioning, part reorientation and tool stacking details for each bend are also required for developing sheet metal bending setup plan. If the bending operations are tried out in a virtual environment, it will render setup planning easier and will save a great deal of time and money. Such a virtual sheet metal bending setup planner that determines all possible feasible sequences and chooses the optimal sequence requiring minimal number of tool changes is proposed in this paper.


FEEDBACK CONCEPT Feedback is an information provided by an agent (teacher, colleague, relative, etc.), regarding aspects related to the performance and/or understanding of an individual1. The concept of feedback has been used for many years in psychology, administration, and economics. In a more recent review of 2008, feedback was conceptualized as specific information about the observed performance of the learner, comparing it to a model ("standard"), provided to improve the student's performance2. Learning through feedback is a complex process influenced by individual and cultural factors3. To deepen the theme, this article will conceptualize important aspects of feedback integrated into teaching, in order to make this tool increasingly used and improved by educators, aiming for a teaching method focused on student development.


Simple Summary False aneurysm of the severed arteries is a potential concern in animals as it could extend the duration of brain function before they die. Indeed, false aneurysm formation in the carotids and a slow rate of blood loss may extend the period of consciousness during slaughter without stunning. The aim of this study was to monitor the development of false aneurysms in animals slaughtered using Halal procedures and to evaluate the possible link between the onset of false aneurysm, the extension of the bleeding phase, and the persistence of signs of consciousness in the animal. We analysed, also using a histological test, the correlation between false aneurysms and the location of the cut made by the operator at the neck, which varied between the first and the fourth cervical vertebrae. Performing the cut at the first cervical vertebra reduced false-aneurysm formation and decreased the period of consciousness of Halal-slaughtered animals without pre-stunning. This could prevent unnecessary suffering, welfare abuse, and the failure of properly bleeding. Abstract This study evaluated the occurrence of false aneurysms and reflexes in bovines, associated with the point along the neck where the cut was performed. The survey was carried out on a total of 1200 male beef cattle, belonging mainly to the Charolais and Limousin breeds, aged between twelve and twenty-four months. In the slaughterhouse, three operators, identified by convention as Operator C4, Operator C2, and Operator C1, performed the Halal slaughtering. Each operator carried out the slaughter of 400 animals and, on the basis of his own professional training, performed the cutting of the vessels at different points along the neck: Operator C4 between the third and fourth cervical vertebrae; Operator C2 at the level of the second cervical vertebra; and Operator C1 at the first cervical vertebra. The occurrence of false aneurysms was assessed on the basis of the different cutting site used by the three operators. Then, the evaluation of consciousness indicators, that is, rhythmic breathing and eye response, closely related to a slow bleeding process and to a delayed loss of brain function, was carried out 90 s post-bleeding. The group of cattle slaughtered by Operator C4 had a prevalence of false aneurysms of 10.25%. Conversely, the other two groups of cattle slaughtered by Operators C2 and C1 showed false aneurysm formation in 7.25% of each case. Further, 37.5% of the animals (18 for Operator C4, 17 for Operator C2, and 16 for Operator C1) with signs of consciousness 90 s after sticking were consequent to the onset of false aneurysms and, more precisely, they were owing to a late second cut of the vessel carried out by the operator, when false aneurysms occurred. The results of the research showed that the cutting point chosen by the operator is a key element in determining the onset of false aneurysms.


Summary:ThetheoryoflamellarsuperstructuresofanABC3-miktoarm star terpolymer in the conditions correspondingto the strong segregation limit for linear ABC triblock ter-polymer has been developed. According to the particularmolecular topology (namely, the common junction point forallthreeblocks),thesystemcannotavoidvolumeinteractionsbetween monomers of different blocks even in this limit.Hence, in the lamellar superstructure, there exists the so-called ''mixed'' domain containing monomers of all threeblocks but formed mainly of the blockwith the lowest degreeof incompatibility. It is shown that unfavorable volumeinteractions in this domain are minimized by the increase ofthe interfacial area per ABC molecule which makes themixed domain narrow. This leads to an unusual behavior ofthe period of the superstructure which decreases with anincrease in the length of the block with the lowest incom-patibility. However, in the case of a ''synchronous'' increasein the size of the branches of the ABC 3-miktoarm star ter-polymer, the period of the superstructure increases similarlyto that for a linear ABC triblock terpolymer.ABC 3-miktoarm star terpolymer.


Background/Objectives: This study focuses on the psychological problems of college students, which are rapidly deteriorating in recent years, and examines how depression and anxiety affect the psychological well-being and examines the mediating effects on emotional perception clarity. It was done to improve the quality of life by solving them.Method/Statistical Analysis: 317 data were collected for this study. The research method used factor analysis and covariance structure analysis.Findings: Anxiety level of college students did not have a significant effect on emotional clarity. Second, the level of depression in college students had a significant effect on emotional clarity. Third, the emotional perception clarity of college students had a significant effect on psychological well-being. Fourth, anxiety levels did not have a significant effect on psychological well-being. Fifth, the depression level of college students had a significant effect on psychological well-being. Sixth, the mediating effect of emotional perception clarity on the causal relationship between depression level and psychological well-being of college students was found to be partial mediating effect.Improvements/Applications: Based on the results of this study, online self-diagnosis service expansion is required for college students to be aware of their psychological emotional problems, and practical help and training are required to control negative emotional experiences by clearly recognizing emotions. This will provide a foundation for college students to increase their psychological well-being by increasing their ability to respond appropriately to changing circumstances.


The IJCS publication prize was instituted in 1969 (Table I). It is awarded for the best scientific paper to be submitted for publication in the Society's journal in each calendar year. Until 1978, this applied to those published in the British editions of the Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. Since 1979, it has been in practice to those appearing in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science. The prize attracts an honorarium of £500. For the year 2006, the teams of Dr Marconi at the University of Modena & Reggio Emilia and that of Dr Bonte at LVMH won the award for their paper: International Journal of Cosmetic Science Volume 28, Issue 4, Page 255–261, April 2006. Expression and function of neurotrophins and their receptors in human melanocytes. A. Marconi, M.C. Panza, M. Bonnet-Duquennoy, K. Lazou, R. Kurfurst, F. Truzzi, R. Lotti, G. De Santis, M. Dumas, F. Bonte and C. Pincelli.


Clinical data are dynamic in nature having a very heterogeneous variety of data, coming from different sources making up its structure. Management and analysis of data in this form becomes difficult if implemented using RDBMS. This paper gives a detailed description of the problems faced by clinical databases due to the constraints of RDBMS. Through this paper we compare RDBMS with NoSQL and XML databases and further propose the use of these newer technologies in order to overcome the short comings of RDBMS experienced while implementing clinical databases.While NoSQL and XML technologies are relatively new, with further advancements in technology both of them demonstrate a potential to become an important databasetechnology for clinical data management.


The Sandy regosols are found along the coastline of Sri Lanka. These soils receive heavy organic as well as inorganic fertilizers, in excess to the proposed guidelines. Continuous applications of phosphate(P) in excess of plant requirements results in the upper soil layers becoming enriched, and eventually saturated, with P. Large amounts of P could then be leached into deeper soil profiles and even into ground water, or P could be transported in surface runoff. A laboratory leaching experiment was conducted to understand the adsorptiondesorption behavior of phosphate in sandy regosol for different types of fertilizers. . For this study six treatments and three replicates were tested. These treatments were; cow dung (T1), poultry manure (T2), Triple super phosphate (T3), vegetable mixture (T4) tuber and onion mixture (T5) and control (T6) fertilizers applied at the rate of proposed guideline of Department of Agriculture, Sri Lanka . Columns were leached with water at an application rate of 21.82 cm/ day for up to 9 to 10 days. Phosphate in leachate and soil was measured using spectrophotometer. In the study P leached in the order of T3> T1 > T2 > T5> T4>control. Triple super phosphate (T3) leached the highest amount of phosphate (48.45 mg kg -1 ). P retained is in the order of T1> T2 > T6 > T3> T4>control.


Folk custom changes with the development of the society and the history.Metropolis custom changes mainly in the way of generalization,which originates from history,psychological reason,transformations of local traits,and the advance in technology.


To be aware of the present operating conditions of the automotive piston which are depended on the different mechanical and tribological properties, composition, microstructure and morphologies a comprehensive study of reverse engineering on an automotive piston is very essential. Therefore, the main aim of this work is to investigate and analyze a conventional automotive piston by performing the mechanical test, wear test, and microstructure analysis. A piston was destructed for the various experiments and investigations. Tensile test was performed using universal tensile testing (UTM) machine whereas hardness test was done on Vickers hardness tester. Microstructure and chemical analysis were performed using OM, EDX analyzer respectively. The wear test was performed using pin-on-disk (POD) machine. The tensile test results showed that the ultimate tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the piston were 215 MPa and 73 GPa respectively, whereas the Vickers hardness number of this material was found to be 155 HV0.5kgf. The micrograph shows the phases of Si plate with ~17% of Si surrounded by α-Al matrix referring to the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy which was proven by the EDX analysis as well and the wear test results showed the moderate specific wear rate (with the range of 1.81 to 3.1 x10-6 mm3/N-m). The current RE analysis provides a guideline to replace or introduce a new material especially metal matrix composite for the application of new generation automotive piston with better properties, lighter weight and higher performance.
Keywords: Reverse engineering; automotive piston; tensile strength; microstructure.


This paper has analyzed the current situation of the reference service and probed into the development strategy of consultant service in Wuhan University Library.


Introduction:One-third of India's population is below the age of eighteen years. India's children are India's future. The investment on children is investment for future. To have bright future, it is important to have children with sound body, mind and spirit. This is possible if their basic physical, psychological and emotional needs are met. The fulfillment of these needs will make them healthy, happy, protected, well developed and productive members of the society. But, the reality is that India is a large number of vulnerable children.Children need to be nurtured and protected for their healthy growth & development. It has long been recognized that a child has his own needs and rights for the fulfillment of these needs; he is dependent on the parents. Hence parents are responsible in providing what is required to the child.Govt. of India is also committed to ensuring the rights, protection and development of children in the country. To achieve this goal govt. has enacted various legislations and has been implemented policies and programmes for improving the status of children thereby promoting their wellbeing. The Constitutional Provisions and some Protective Legislations dealing with the welfare and protection of children from different forms of work and exploitation, namely Article 24 (it prohibits the employment of children in factories); Article 39 (e) and (1), (by this, the state is obligated to safeguard the health of children and offered opportunities to grow with dignity), and Article 45, provides for free and compulsory education for children. The child Labour (prohibition and regulation) Act, 1986 was passed to prohibit the employment of children in various occupations and regulate the conditions of work of children in certain other jobs. National Plan of Action of Children 2005 and the Commission for the Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005 have certain loopholes, limitations and gaps, hence these are not effective in implementation part to tackle this problem. Despite hectic planning, welfare programmes, legislations, and administrative actions in the past five decades, a loge majority of Indian children continue to remain in distress and turmoil. Each child in the world has right to learn any trade he/she wants to. Parents or others, who force them to follow a line of learning in which they have the least motivation, actually impair development. When such thing happens, in some total, a nation develops slowly due to the placement of right person in the wrong role. "You encourage a child, it learns to establish a goal in life" "You love a child, it feels the world is a place to live" "You allow a child to express, he learns a lot through mistakes""You facilitate a child, it develops his potentiality" Elementary Education the Rights of every Child. The recognition of children as a discrete group with identifiable rights and needs is now increasingly accepted as a legal principle which underlies much of the relevant international human rights and humanitarian law. Arguments for the special treatment of children usually rely on two main factors: Education is one of the most important investments that any developing country can make for its future. Education is the most effective tool for empowerment of human development. But in India Elementary Education has been saga of broken promises. This has been characterized by neglected and disadvantaged children, the girl child and disabled children and by low budgetary allocation. As a finding of continuous and persistence advocacy campaign, the Parliament Passed Ninety-third Constitution Amendment Bill 2001 to make education a Fundamental Right in India.Violence against ChildrenIn most families, the parents neglect them, caretakers batter them & in workplaces employers sexually abuse them, through this problem of emotional, physical & sexual abuse of children is increasing, it has failed to capture the attention of Sociologists and Psychiatrists in our Country. …


The music in Ecuador is a source of cultural wealth, however actually its real importance has now left side and like this transcends in education, and encourages the intercultural. This research was of great importance because it strengthens Ecuadorian traditional music and ancient music, which is a living sign of the Ecuadorian culture. Children need chances to play, sing, listen to music of different genres in this way they will enrich your language; they develop the ability to perceive the rhythm and harmony, as well as memory, attention, listening, for that reason was taken as a sample of the research the province of Cotopaxi Salcedo Canton Mulliquindil Santa Ana parish, children in General educational unit "Emilio Teran" spreading and consolidating the culture. It is essential to promote our roots because they will always be afloat to remember that Ecuadorian music is part of our identity therefore it will be the main function of the project to keep latent our traditions....


Memory bandwidth is critical to GPGPU performance. Exploiting locality in caches can better utilize memory bandwidth. However, memory requests issued by excessive threads cause cache thrashing and saturate memory bandwidth, degrading performance. In this paper, we propose adaptive cache and concurrency allocation (CCA) to prevent cache thrashing and improve the utilization of bandwidth and computational resources, hence improving performance. According to locality and reuse distance of access patterns in GPGPU program, warps on a stream multiprocessor are dynamically divided into three groups: cached, bypassed, and waiting. The data cache accommodates the footprint of cached warps. Bypassed warps cannot allocate cache lines in the data cache to prevent cache thrashing, but are able to take advantage of available memory bandwidth and computational resource. Waiting warps are de-scheduled. Experimental results show that adaptive CCA can significant improve benchmark performance, with 80 percent harmonic mean IPC improvement over the baseline.


Rapid growth was straining freshwater supplies in Newport News, Virginia. Studies showed Newport News Waterworks that they could be facing a 30 mgd deficit by 2040 and ran a 50% chance of depleting existing supplies through 2005. Since surface supplies are difficult to develop, Newport News Waterworks and its consultant Camp Dresser & McKee, Cambridge, Mass., decided to look not around, but down for its new water source. In 1995, the Waterworks began a pilot program to determine the potential for drawing and desalting up to 7 mgd from the local Upper and Middle Potomac aquifers. Test showed that a reverse osmosis plant could desalinate water at competitive prices, so in May, Newport News Waterworks began construction on a $13 million project that will feature a plant, six production wells and eleven monitor wells. The project is scheduled for completion in August 1998.


It is well acknowledged among educators that the number of English as foreign language students is increasing (EFL). Nevertheless, due to the consequences of long-standing conventional teaching and learning practices, the act of teaching and learning English in Vietnam has encountered a range of problems. During the learning process, Vietnamese students often learn by rote and try to memorize information provided instead of discovering things by themselves (Nguyen, 2010). Recently, it has recently been observed that traditional teacher-centered classrooms are giving ways to learnercentered classrooms. However, students are still likely to rely a lot on instructions and assignments given by their teacher. They show a tendency to follow existing or given pattern or framework rather than implementing what they have learned or even generating new knowledge in real life (Pham, 2010). Furthermore, teachers and learners of English in Vietnam have been facing difficulties regarding learning materials. Although teachers at tertiary level are allowed to create their own course materials, they must comply with specific guidelines and students have no say in the design and selection of course materials.


Abstract Filamentary gas discharges at atmospheric pressure, namely dielectric-barrier discharges and coronas, produce highly non-equilibrium plasmas in a controllable way at a moderate gas temperature. They provide the effective generation of atoms, radicals and excited species by energetic electrons. Consequently, they have found many applications, among others in environmental protection. The controlled application of these discharges requires a good understanding of their physical properties and the knowledge of the basic plasma parameters. Milestones on this way and the progress in the plasma diagnostics are listed of. Recently, the technique of spatially resolved cross-correlation spectroscopy (CCS) (with a resolution in the sub-ns and sub-mm range) has been used to contribute to a better understanding of these discharges. The application of the CCS method is described in more detail.


PURPOSE: A releasable adhesive agent is provided to lower adhesion by curing reaction through radiation irradiation and to minimize contamination of a semiconductor wafer by reducing liquid permeability. CONSTITUTION: A releasable adhesive agent comprises a radiation-reactive polymer and a radiation polymerization initiator. The radiation-reactive polymer has a side chain derived from at least one monomer expressed by the formula(1): CH 2 =CR1COOR2, wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 is a C6 or higher alkyl group, and a side chain having one carbon-carbon double bond, and the monomer of formula(1) is contained in a ratio of less than 50 mol% with respect to the total monomer constituting the main chain of the radiation-reactive polymer.


Modern presidents have increasingly taken on a public leadership role in the political arena. Through wars, economic crises, and increased civic demands, presidents have sought more involvement and influence in overseeing public affairs (Edwards 1983), a development accompanied by an exponential growth and institutionalization of the executive branch (Burke 2000; Hart 1995). Amid such developments, the media has focused on the president as the most salient political actor (Farnsworth and Lichter 2006; see also Brody 1991), while public polling surveys have consistently connected the president's job performance with conditions in the foreign and domestic policy domains (see Edwards 1990). Subsequently, the public has developed growing expectations for presidents to be responsive to their needs (Cohen 1995, 1999). In the course of such systemic and institutional changes, presidents have, particularly during election campaigns, reinforced and embellished the perception that they have the means to solve the nation's problems. However, presidents consistently fall short of keeping their promises to the public, revealing a gap between public expectations of the president and the president's capacity for governing (see Cronin 1977). In the midst of this paradox, scholars have become interested in understanding the dynamics that influence whether and how the public attributes responsibility to presidents for the state of national affairs and, in turn, the extent to which presidents are able to claim credit in times of success and avoid blame in times of deteriorating national conditions. Studies on attribution theory in political science have traditionally focused on the domestic policy domain, particularly on how the public attributes responsibility to the president for the state of the economy. By comparison, attribution research in the area of foreign policy has been scarce, and no work we know of has considered the domestic and foreign policy domains in tandem, nor examined how the public attributes responsibility and credit/blame for foreign policy issues to political figures, particularly the president. To fill this gap in the literature, this study employs an experimental approach to test the influence that policy domain, policy condition, and party compatibility have on public appraisals of the president. Our findings provide a new contribution to the literature on political attributions, executive accountability, and public perceptions of presidential performance. Attribution Theory in the Study of Politics Heider's (1958) early work in social psychology on the process of causal attribution served as a springboard for studying how people draw inferences from their own behavior and the behavior of others (see Heradstveit 1979; Jervis 1976; Larson 1985). Weiner (1986) later developed a model associating causal attributions with judgments of personal controllability, affective reactions, and behavior (see also Weiner 1991, 1995). In another seminal piece, Jones and Nisbett (1972) posited that actors tend to attribute their actions to situational requirements, whereas observers tend to attribute the same actions to personal dispositions, a pervasive tendency in social attribution commonly referred to as the "actor-observer hypothesis." Ross (1977) later coined the term "fundamental attribution hypothesis" to denote the propensity for people to explain the behavior of others mainly by considering dispositional, personality-based factors. These works have provided a foundation for political scientists to explore systematically public perceptions of responsibility and accountability for political figures as well as perceptions about political events, issues, and other related phenomena. As Gomez and Wilson (2003, 273) note, "Attribution is indisputably fundamental to individual decision making, and has been shown to influence powerfully attitudes toward the self and others, as well as emotional arousal" (see also Fiske and Taylor 1991 ; Hewstone 1989; Petty and Cacioppo 1996). …


The characteristics of ice‐rich frozen soils are important to engineering design in cold‐climate regions. Previous work has concentrated on uniaxial strength properties, and limited data exist on triaxial strength and deformation as a function of volumetric ice content and confining pressure. Triaxial compressive tests carried out on ice‐rich frozen silty sand indicated that the strength decreases to a minimum and then increases up to that of pure ice for a range of volumetric ice contents. However, the effect of confining pressure on the strength depends on the volumetric ice content itself. The strength was at a nearly constant minimum level when the volumetric ice content was between 48.2 and 65.1 per cent, dominated by the cohesion of the ice matrix. In contrast, at volumetric ice contents of > 27.2 to < 50.2 per cent and > 80.9 per cent, the strength increased with increasing confining pressure. The volumetric ice contents corresponding to maximum failure strain and minimum strength were 50.2 and 61.9 per cent, respectively. Thus, in this range an increase of about 10 per cent in volumetric ice content causes the failure strain to drop to the value for pure ice. The results indicate that there is a transition zone when the volumetric ice content is between 50.2 and 61.9 per cent that separates sample behaviour from that of frozen soil to that of pure ice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In defence fields the army people are facing many difficulties that even cause danger to their life. Considering the security of human and to reduce human efforts, a robot is developed using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The proposed robot has the capability to detect the buried mines and also can find the trespassers with special sensors. The robot can move in all directions with the help of wheels controlled by HBridge module. It identifies the obstacles, detects the position of obstacles, and stores the information in cloud. With the IoT concept awareness is created to the nearest person by means of an alert. The robots mobility for surveillance is a boost for the visitor to move freely in the remote areas. The hardware is designed in such a way to communicate and monitor the army camp. This IoT based wirelessly controlled robot has the practical benefits of the detecting the position of obstacles and reducing the number of causalities of army people.


The thickness dependence of the chemical and physical properties is one fundamental characteristic shared by many two-dimensional layered transition-metal dichalcogenides, including molybdenum disu...


As the home health field grows, efforts directed toward improved communication in all areas must be developed. This will assure quality patient care and increased respect for the nurses involved in the practice of home healthcare nursing.


Abstract Occupational exposure to dusts containing crystalline silica have long been associated with the induction of silicosis, a focal fibrosis of the pulmonary parenchyma. Since only the dust that could penetrate to the gas exchange region of the lung, defined as respirable dust, could produce a pneumoconiosis such as silicosis, size-selective respirable dust inlets were developed for air samplers to restrict the dust analyses to the respirable fraction of the airborne dust. Analyses of respirable dust are reported in terms of mass concentration, although a case can be made for associating the hazard more closely with the surface area of the dust. The hazards associated with inhaling crystalline silica within dust mixtures also depend on the properties of the coconstituents of the mixed aerosol, as documented in epidemiological studies on miners. Other considerations affecting exposure assessment strategies are concerns about diseases other than silicosis that may be caused by exposure to dusts contain...


While scholars have tended to view the rise of Evo Morales in the light of a regional resurgence of populism, the author argues that we may gain better insight into the significance and role of Morales when viewed against a backdrop of Bolivian political and social history. In particular, the author suggests that Bolivian political instability is rooted in popular power, and that in this context, it may be useful to regard populism itself as a feature of Bolivian political development, rather than as a distinct political phenomenon.


&NA; This article describes commonalities and differences in the neurophysiology of sexual response in persons with spinal cord injuries and the non‐cord injured. Recognition of individual differences and other implications for sex education and counseling with the spinal cord injured are presented.


Objective To appraise the characteristics of the obstetric outcomes of adolescent pregnancy. Methods From 1990 to 2002, one hundred consecutive adolescent women admitted for delivery in our hospital were enrolled with analysis and comparison to the adult mothers (n=22 0078) in the same period for the obstetric outcomes. Results The rate of adolescent mother increased steadily from 0. 005% in 1992 to 1.09% in 2002; the ratio of spontaneous delivery in adolescent pregnancy (82%) was higher than that in mature pregnancy (55.4%); the ratio of cesarean section in adolescent pregnancy (16%) was lower than that in mature pregnancy (38. 50%, P<0. 000 1); the rate of the premature labor (<37 w) in the adolescent mother (14%) was significantly lower than that in mature pregnancy (2.8%, P<0. 001); the rate of precipitate labor in adolescent pregnancy was 13%, higher than that in mature pregnancy 6.8% (P<0.01); the rate of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia in the ado- lescent group was 5%, higher than that in mature group 1. 96% (P<0. 001). There were no significant diffe rences in birth weight of newborn, neonatal asphyxia and neonatal mortality rate between the two groups; also there were no significant differences on premature rupture of membranes and postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusion The rate of adolescent mother was gradually rising year by year, and almost all of them tend to give rise to sponta- neous delivery, premature labor even precipitate labor. There are no significant differences on the outcomes of new- born and the rate of premature rupture of membranes and postpartum hemorrhage, but are prone to have pre- eclampsia and eclampsia.


Minimizing the radiation impact to the patient is currently an important issue in medical imaging. Particularly, in case of X-ray fluoroscopy, the patient is exposed to high X-ray dose because a large number of images is required in fluoroscopic procedures. In this regard, a direct-conversion X-ray sensor offers the advantages of high quantum efficiency, X-ray sensitivity, and high spatial resolution. In particular, an X-ray sensor in fluoroscopy operates at high frame rate, in the range from 30 to 60 image frames per second. Therefore, charge-carrier transport properties and signal lag are important factors for the development of X-ray sensors in fluoroscopy. In this study, in order to improve the characteristics of polycrystalline cadmium telluride (CdTe), CdTe films were prepared by thermal evaporation and RF sputtering. The deposition was conducted to form a CdTeO3 layer on top of a CdTe film. The role of CdTeO3 is not only to improve the charge-carrier transport by increasing the life-time but also to reduce the leakage current of CdTe films by acting as a passivation layer. In this paper, to establish the effect of a thin oxide layer on top of a CdTe film, the morphological and electrical properties including charge-carrier transport and signal lag were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and resistivity measurements.


School sports play a decisive role in training quality talenst in our countyr and holds the pivotal place in the modern education.The author makes use of research methods of literature,logical analysis and interviews to discuss our country school sports present situation and its the development tendency,and put forward several proposals.Hoped has the trifle function to our country school sports development.


The development and testing of a 2-D prototype detector based on a gas microstrip detector (GMSD) is reported. The second coordinate is obtained by utilising a plane of wires as pick up electrodes. The detector is operated with the wire plane at such a potential so as not to induce any gain around the wires. This means that the high tolerances normally associated with wire planes in multi wire proportional counters are not necessary, making the manufacture and repair of such a device relatively easier. The detector comprises of 48 individually instrumented channels in both X (GMSD strips) and V (transverse wire plane). A specially designed encoding module has been constructed which feeds digital addresses for each event to the ISIS data taking electronics system (DAE). An intrinsic detector resolution of /spl sim/0.5 mm FWHM has been measured for both dimensions which is degraded slightly by the digital resolution for the overall system. This readout method is shown to be very tolerant of a poor signal to noise ratio in the readout channels (unlike traditional analogue wire chamber readout systems) and permits the operation of the GMSD at moderate avalanche gains (/spl sim/1000) which helps to maximise the rate and lifetime performance of the detector as well as permitting data capture rates in the MHz range.


The invention provides a glyphosate weeding composition containing thidiazuron, made from glyphosate compounds and thidiazuron as effective ingredients, wherein the glyphosate compounds are glyphosate acid or its weeding active derivatives; a mass ratio of glyphosate to thidiazuron is 100:0.001 to 100:10. By compounding the thidiazuron and glyphosate products and using absorptive conduction of glyphosate in steam leaves in connection with growth regulatory effect of the thidiazuron, the weeding composition as a herbicide has significant synergy, weeding time is 2-5 days early, the usage of the herbicide is decreased by 20-50%, and the control effect is better for some swart weeds. The glyphosate weeding composition containing thidiazuron has the advantages of broad spectrum, high efficiency, low toxicity, low pollution, high acting speed, low cost and good convenience of use.


Abstract Tetramethylstiboniumtetrachlorogallate crystallizes in the hexagonal space group P63mc with two formula units per cell. The lattice constants are a=b = 768.8 pm and c= 1251.2 pm. The structure shows isolated cationic and anionic tetrahedra, which are only slightly distorted. The averaged bond lengths are: Sb-C 212.6 pm and Ga-Cl 217.2 pm. In good agreement with the short Ga-Cl distance (the shortest of all compounds ((CH3)nGaCl4-n)-; n = 1-3) are the measured ionization energies of Ga-3d-electrons and the calculated Pauling Qp-values.


A matrix formulation is used to derive the pressure variation for acoustic-gravity waves from an explosive source in an atmosphere modeled by a large number of isothermal layers. Comparison of theoretical and observed barograms from large thermonuclear explosions leads to the following conclusions: (1) The major features on the barogram can be explained by the superposition of four modes, (2) different parts of the vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere control the relative excitation of these modes, (3) a scaled point source is sufficient to model thermonuclear explosions, (4) the observed shift in dominance of certain frequencies with yield and altitude can be explained by means of the empirical scaling laws derived from the direct wave near the explosion, and (5) out to 50° from the source, the observed variation of amplitude with distance can be accounted for by geometrical spreading over a spherical surface.


INTRODUCTION: Peripheral nerve injuries affect 3% of trauma patients 1 . In cases of gap injuries, an autologous nerve graft is the gold standard technique used to repair the defect. Artificial nerve conduits constructed from either natural or synthetic materials have been developed but their ability to promote regeneration is inferior to nerve grafts 2 . Advanced fabrication techniques might enable the production of more precisely designed conduits with suitable chemical properties to better support axon growth and Schwann cell biocompatibility. In this study we have compared a new 3D-structured polycaprolactone (PCL) conduit with simple tubular constructs made from fibrin glue.


who is on the major road, but if two roads appear to be of equal importance motorists on both of them will cling tenaciously to the belief that the other fellow should give way, with the resultant crop of collisions. There would also appear to be a need for a rule of precedence at traffic roundabouts, for at some of them there is now a "free-for-all" scramble. Admittedly, the framing of such a rule would be very difficult, owing to the variety of ways in which roads enter roundabouts. For instance, sometimes a main road runs straight past a roundabout without deviating, and motorists travelling along it consider that they have the right-of-way. Their vehicles not infrequently collide with those already circulating on the roundabout, whose drivers consider that they have the right-of-way. The condition of many road surfaces also leaves much to be desired. In his traditional role of "street-keeper" a constable should report to the appropriate department the existence of pot-holes and subsidences in roads, but these have become so numerous that the puzzled constable does not know where to begin-and, therefore, generally does not. On some roads one finds that the centre portion has a good macadam surface, whereas on each side there are uneven stone setts, with the inevitable result that motorists travelling in both directions all hug the crown of the road. Economy may be achieved here, but we have to pay for it by damage to vehicles and injuries to persons. When roads are under repair there is sometimes a failure on the part of the contractor to ensure that adequate temporary traffic arrangements are made, and vehicular traffic is left to fend for itself. Again, there is a tendency for the workmen to deprive road users of precious road space by unnecessarily leaving such things as wheelbarrows and tools thereon. There is also much slackness in leaving such signs as "Roadworks Ahead" on the highway at week-ends when, in fact, no work is in progress. It is the old story of calling "Wolf." Lastly, although there has been a considerable improvement in street lighting latterly, the standard is still low when compared with advances made in various scientific fields. One would think that by now, under normal conditions, the lighting would be equal to daylight.


We propose a distributed framework extending Intent in Android systems to improve collaboration with embedded devices. In the proposed framework, Android applications collaborate with embedded devices by sending serialized Intent messages to networked embedded devices. The applications can collaborate with embedded devices without proxy hardware. We indicate the framework's effectiveness by evaluating its execution times and memory usage.


An inverse gas chromatographic (IGC) study of the sorption properties of macroporous crosslinked poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimetha- crylate), PGME, and PGME modified with ethylene diamine, PGME-en, was pre- sented. At infinite dilution, the thermodynamic parameters of adsorption, the disper- sive components of the surface free energies, the acid/base constants and the interac- tion parameters for the initial and modified copolymer samples were investigated. The adsorption isotherms determined by IGC under conditions of finite surface cov- erage were used to estimate the surface area, the isosteric heat of adsorption and the adsorption energy distribution on the surface of the initial and modified copolymer samples.


The barbers and phlebotomists were perhaps the most characteristic professionals of empirical practice in medicine in modern Spain. Their work was associated with a medical technique: 'Bleeding', which was the cause of dramatic battles between pro-bleeding and anti-bleeding groups which found themselves embroiled in bitter discussions about its therapeutic value. Bleeders reached some social standing at the time but their practise had always been questioned due to their ambiguous position between fully qualified professionals - doctors and Latin surgeons - and those other empirical amateurs with no education other than experience, whose methods could somehow be compared to those of superstition or witchcraft. The skillful work of barber and bleeder was permanently under control of the 'Protomedicato', an institution created by the Reyes Catolicos (The Catholic Kings) in order to govern and maintain the high quality of health care practised by medical doctors and surgeons. The institution was later extended to cover some other jobs loosely associated with medicine, such as enamelists, chemists, and herb specialists. Barbers and bleeders were allowed to work for rather a short period in Castille, where all the disciplines were merged by the 'Protobarbeirato', while in Valencia their legal endorsement to work was common to barbers, surgeons and bleeders. They all had to sit for the same type of exam under Latin surgeons. In the Granada Town Hall Library some certificates of phlebotomian bleeders issued between 1666 and 1720 are preserved. Our present study concentrates on these documents with the main purpose of analysing the profession of bleeder at that time, and especially in Granada. There are 7 certificates in prime condition while in some other 3, only a few facts are legible. One of the documents shows the difference between a doctor's and a bleeder's function, not only at a theoretical level but at in practise as well. Our analysis is performed from a social perspective, considering the diverse aspects of the many core disciplines: surgeon, bleeder, barber..., as well as the other auxiliary medical practises prevalent at the time.


Occurrence of re-bar corrosion will lead to the concrete cover cracking,which seriously affect the durability of concrete structures.In dealing with the non-uniform corrosion of re-bar in concrete components under natural environment,the paper simulates the cracking process of concrete cover using a finite-element based method with ABAQUS software.Based on the FEM analysis results,the formula of the critical radial displacement at the cracking time is used to predict the corrosion ratio at the cracking time of cover concrete.Finally,the analytical corrosion ratio formula presented herein is verified with the laboratory test.


In this work, we focus on semantic parsing of natural language conversations. Most existing methods for semantic parsing are based on understanding the semantics of a single sentence at a time. However, understanding conversations also requires an understanding of conversational context and discourse structure across sentences. We formulate semantic parsing of conversations as a structured prediction task, incorporating structural features that model the 'flow of discourse' across sequences of utterances. We create a dataset for semantic parsing of conversations, consisting of 113 real-life sequences of interactions of human users with an automated email assistant. The data contains 4759 natural language statements paired with annotated logical forms. Our approach yields significant gains in performance over traditional semantic parsing.


Background To improve timely response to patients' questions and to support that care is provided by the appropriate professional, a nurse-led rheumatology telephone helpline was introduced in May 2015. Different organisational approaches have been tried out to ensure an effective as well as efficient service. Currently a voicemail system is used. A selection menu allows patients to select whether he/she needs 1) advice regarding disease complaints, 2) drug prescriptions, 3) (change in) appointment at the clinic, 4) laboratory forms. Although the menu differentiates between requests, organising timely responses by the appropriate professional remains a challenge. Clear and joint definitions by the rheumatologists and nurses on what questions to what extent should be addressed by whom, are necessary. Objectives To facilitate further improvement of the helpline we explored 1) number and content of questions that were registered; 2) experiences of rheumatologists and nurses with the helpline; 3) opinions of rheumatologists and nurses on which questions should be answered via the helpline. Methods A file research explored the number of questions and reasons for contacting the helpline. Data were analysed descriptively. In semi-structured interviews among all rheumatologists (n=8) and nurses involved in manning the helpline service (n=6), experiences and opinions were explored. System Engineering Initiative Patient Safety (SEIPS) model, that focuses on system design and it's interaction with processes, and outcomes for patients, employees and organisation [1], was used to structure thematic coding of the transcripts. Results In 37 months, the helpline registered 3389 calls (see Table 1). A majority of the questions was about disease complaints (28.6%) or other related problems such as pain management, and exercise (27.8%). The proportion of requests for prescriptions was 21.8%. The interviews revealed that both rheumatologists and nurses considered the helpline valuable in providing easy access to care for patients with disease related questions. This should be the primary aim. The rheumatologists also valued their reduced workload, which occurred most if the knowledge of the nurse was sufficient to take care of the responses independently. Moreover, they valued if requests, such as prescriptions, were clustered by the nurses. The nurses experienced an increased workload. Sufficient knowledge on and training in rheumatology, and being familiar with the patient wee considered pivotal in providing appropriate and for the patient acceptable care. As nurses cannot precribe medication, the requests for prescriptions were considered inappropriate. Availability of protocols and guidelines were considered prerequisites by all for responding to patients' requests appropriately. Conclusion The helpline is used frequently and the selection menu has helped to gain insight in why the helpline is used by patients. There is consensus on the primary aim of the helpline and on prerequisites for nurse-led responses to patients' disease related questions. Rheumatologists and nurses have different opinions on some issues, such as the organisation of prescriptions. Our study findings can help in jointly improving consensus on the content of nursing care within the helpline. References [1] Carayon, P., et al. (2006). Work system design for patient safety: The SEIPS model. Qual Saf Health Care, 15(SUPPL. 1), 50–58Abstract THU0697HPR Table 1 Reasons for contacting the helpline Calls May 2015 -July 2018 Reasons N (%) Disease complaints 970 (28.6) Medication prescriptions 739 (21.8) Medication side-effects 353 (10.4) Appointments 184 (5.4) Lab forms 126 (3.7) Other* 943 (27.8) Total 3389 *Other: a variety of requests e.g. advice for pain management, exercise, work participation, referrals for devices. Disclosure of Interests Mehmet Elmacioglu: None declared, Natalia Westerman: None declared, Debby Vosse: None declared, Annelies Boonen: None declared, Yvonne van Eijk-Hustings Grant/research support from: UCB, Speakers bureau: Cellgene


Osteoarthritis (OA), a disease that mainly targets cartilage, also affects ligaments, the subchondral bone and synovium, and, according to recent definitions, it is a disease of the joint as an organ.1 Its most characteristic radiographic features are joint space narrowing, bone sclerosis and osteophytes;2 bone erosions, and in particular subchondral bone erosions, have also been found in some patients.3 Bone erosions that classically affect the interphalangeal (IP) joints identify a disease subset called erosive osteoarthritis (OA).4 The particular localisation of erosive OA is considered so characteristic of the disease that the term has been used, since it was first described by Peter et al ,5 almost interchangeably with erosive hand OA. A growing body of evidence, however, suggests that it is time to re-evaluate the definition, since the term erosive OA can be appropriately applied to other OA localisations including at the thumb base (TB)6 and facet joints.7 These different disease subsets share not only the same classic radiographic features, such as subchondral bone erosions, but also the severity …


In the Introduction to the volume, the editors introduce the overall topic, i.e., newly emerging realities and current debates in World Englishes theorising. They discuss why a unified approach towards postcolonial and non-postcolonial Englishes is inevitable to fully capture the current linguistic realities behind the spread and entrenchment of English worldwide. Subsequently, they provide a concise summary of the EIF Model (Buschfeld and Kautzsch) in comparison to Schneider's (2003, 2007) Dynamic Model, and offer a brief description of the outline of the book by chapter.


In this paper, we consider the twisted Hamiltonian extended affine Lie algebra (THEALA). We classify the irreducible integrable modules for these Lie algebras with finite-dimensional weight spaces when the finite-dimensional center acts non-trivially. This Lie algebra has a triangular decomposition, which is different from the natural triangular decomposition of twisted full toroidal Lie algebra. Any irreducible integrable module of it is the highest weight module with respect to the given triangular decomposition. In this paper, we describe the highest-weight space in detail.


This paper summarizes Bureau of Mines research relating to the state of the world gold industry. The authors discuss the world gold industry structure, demonstrated gold resources, current production, and the long‐term cost and availability of potential future gold production. The long‐term cost and availability of primary gold production from 111 significant producing mines and developing deposits in 13 market economy countries (MECs) is evaluated. Total recoverable gold available (as of January 1984) from the evaluated mines and deposits is estimated at 819 million troy ounces. The Republic of South Africa is estimated to account for 87% of total recoverable gold. The USA and Canada account for 4% and 4.5% of the total, respectively. Eighty‐three per cent of total recoverable gold is available at a constant 1984 break‐even price of $400 per ounce, and 70% is available at $300 per ounce. South Africa accounts for 90% of the gold available at $400 per ounce or less. Gold resources in the Soviet Union and China are discussed but not evaluated for costs of production. Some conclusions of the analyses are that South Africa should remain the largest world producer until the year 2000 and annual MEC output in the year 2000 should not be significantly different from current output, given constant 1984 gold prices of more than $300 per ounce.


Abstract The increasing demand for analytical data from laboratories in the field of soil and plant analysis and the increasing possibilities of modern instrumentation (speed and multi‐element determinations) ask for a reconsideration of the conventionally used analytical methods together with stronger requirements for quality control.


Background: Corneal endothelium has an important role on the clarity of the cornea. Cataract surgery may cause corneal endothelial damages and serious vision problems. In this study, we aimed to investigate hypertension, cerebrovascular diseases, and trauma in patients who developed corneal endothelial insufficiency (CEI) after cataract surgery. Material and methods: The study was performed in the Department of Ophthalmology in Adana Ortadogu Hospital between October 2017 and October 2018. 24 patients who developed CEI after cataract surgery and 24 patients who did not develop CEI after cataract surgery were included to the study. Eye trauma, systemic hypertension, cerebrovascular diseases were investigated in the patients' own history. The findings were compared statistically. Results: The percent of cerebrovascular diseases was 54.2% in patients with CEI and 16.6% in patients without CEI. 58.3% of the patients with CEI had a systemic hypertension history. Hypertension was presented in 25% of the patients who did not develop CEI. The rate of trauma history in patients with CEI was 29.2% and 12.5% in those without CEI. The history of cerebrovascular disease and hypertension were significantly higher in patients with CEI. Conclusion: Hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases appeared to be linked with CEI.


A multidisciplinary study of the archaeology of the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. It deals with a wide range of subjects, including the origins of the Andaman islanders, the history of early contact, the processes of site formation and the dimensions of time and space defining human adaptation in this archipelago.


Since she wrote The L-Shaped Room (published by Chatto, 1960) which established her as a successful novelist, Ms. Reid Banks has written several novels with an Israeli setting. The following article is based on a lecture she has given at this year's Jewish Book Week, in which she explained why she feels compelled to return to the subject again and again. "Israel", she says, "is too important to me…. The intellectual in me fights it; the artist fights it. From this fight emerge books."


The utility model relates to a net cloth, especially relates to a dacron net cloth and belongs to textile products. The dacron net cloth is formed by interweaving warps and wefts, wherein each of the warps comprises a middle line and lateral lines; the lateral lines are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle line; two warps between wefts are connected in a crossing form; the middle line passes through a crossing point of the two warps; and the middle line and the two lateral lines are distributed at intervals. The dacron net cloth has a compact structure; the strength is increased; and the service life is prolonged.


Mechanical joining and adhesive bonding provide convenience for manufacturing of complex structures, which made of composite materials. Failure load is directly related with process parameters of mechanical joining or adhesive bonding. In this study, the effects of bonding angle, patching type (single side and double side) and patching structure on the failure load were investigated in the pultruded composite specimens. For this aim, the pultruded composite specimens, which bonded with five different bonding angles (45°, 51°, 59°, 68° and 90°) and five different bonding types as unpatched, single-side woven patch, single-side knitting patch, double-side woven patch and double-side knitting patch were exposed to tensile loads at room temperature. In the view of experimental results, the failure loads of bonded pultruded composite specimens were predicted by training six different artificial neural network algorithms. The only three best prediction results of Bayesian regularization, Levenberg–Marquardt and scaled conjugate gradient were given in the figures for better understanding.


Abstract:Achieving a kind of apotheosis of his works devoted to Benjamin Jordane, a fictitious writer that he created as a kind of doppelgänger book after book over the course of the last thirty years, Jean-Benoît Puech curated two exhibitions on Jordane in 2012 and 2016. These exhibitions are based on the usual documentary feature of the presented objects and the texts that accompany them – some authentic and others created for the occasion. However, this documentary feature is simultaneously destabilized by the fictional character of the biography of Jordane, one that the exhibitions emphatically invite us to discover. As this article shows, what is ultimately on display is also a part of Jean-Benoît Puech's own intimacy, but an intimacy delivered to us only indirectly.


The paper reviews the use of neural-based online translators in the process of teaching students in a translation classroom in order to develop their translator's competence. The authors define modern students as 'digital natives' and formulate their research goal as an attempt to create a specific method of working with online translators to develop translator's competence of the students who are 'digital natives'. The paper defines the most popular online translators and their specific features, singles out the main components of translator's competence, describes the step-by-step action plan for developing translator's competence of the students from 'digital natives' generation by means of online translators. The authors concentrate on detailed description of the experiment organized to check the method developed by them, discuss the results and draw the conclusions. In the paper, translator's competence is understood as a unity of five components: translation, linguistic, information and technological, reflexive and motivational one. The main characteristics of the 'digital native' generation are described as complex information perception from audio-, video-, multimedia, graphic, sensor channels; insufficiency in perceiving information provided only in text format; insufficient skills of moving along the information labels while searching for the information in need; multitasking. At the end of the paper, some practical recommendations for translation teachers working with 'digital natives' who study the aspects of Practical Translation Course are given. © 2018 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK


This paper proposes a control scheme for the reduction of the line current total harmonic distortion (THD) over wide load variation range. A new current sensing scheme is used to detect the average current under fixed or variable switching frequency condition. A repetitive controller is designed to minimize periodic errors within the current loop bandwidth. A design procedure is given for synthesizing the current loop controller to achieve good current tracking under wide input voltage variation range. A single-phase boost PFC converter with single-chip DSP controller has been constructed for the verification of the proposed control scheme. Simulation and experimental results confirm the feasibility and performances of the proposed control scheme.


When pharmacology was a less fertile field, the names of drugs in current use provided no problem. Since all were old and established simple chemical or galenical preparations, the possibilities of drug designations were both limited and clearly delineated; there were the established Latin names and the established vulgar equivalents. The physician used the former, the common synonym was used only by the layman.


This paper selects listed firms with 5-year sustained earnings growth as main sample,which is divided into S group and NS group based on whether there is 5-year sustained growth in revenues.This paper constructs an evaluation system,synthetically evaluating earnings quality from the four aspects of earnings persistence,value-relevant,cash flow relevant earnings and in-time announcement of earnings.The result of study indicates that the companies with sustained increase in earnings have higher earnings quality than other compa- nies,and eamings quality is highest when sustained increases in earnings are supported by sustained increases in both revenues.


Aimed at the problems of ordnance operation development, the importance of data standardization is emphasized and also standardizations of data element and metadata are researched. In order to realize data exchange in new and old systems, data element in the database of ordnance equipment support can be used as a frame of reference and mapped mechanism can be founded in the new and old systems.


As a specialist Commonwealth Government regulator for charities and, in the future, other not-for-profits (NFPs) the Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission (ACNC) will have the important task of supporting the valuable contribution the sector makes to the Australian community and economy.


The high-temperature oxidation behaviour of Fe28Al3Cr0.02Ce and Fe30Al4Cr2.7TiB2 (in at.%) has been investigated at 900 and 1100 °C for up to 2000 h. in air. The corrosion resistance was determined by measurement of weight gains. After oxidation the surface layer and the scales were analysed by light optical microscopy (LOM), electron probe microanalysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Parabolic rate constants kp was compared with other Fe3Al alloys. At 900 °C thin oxide scales of both alloys grew according to a parabolic rate law. In the case of oxidation at 1100°C, thicker scales and attack on the surface layer of both alloys were observed.


Objectives
Provegetarian diets (i.e., preference for plant-derived foods) have been associated with a reduced risk of long-term weight gain and could be more easily embraced than strict vegetarian diets. However, not all plant-derived foods are equally healthy. The objective was to identify the association between provegetarian food patterns and the incidence of overweight/obesity.

Methods
The analysis included 11,554 participants with a baseline BMI < 25 kg/m2 from the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra/University of Navarra Follow-up) prospective, open-recruitment cohort. Food consumption was assessed using a 136-item validated food-frequency questionnaire. A provegetarian food pattern (FP) was built by assigning positive scores to plant foods and reverse scores to animal foods as proposed by Martínez-González et al (2014). We also created a healthful provegetarian FP where healthy plant foods (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes and olive oil) were positively weighted but less-healthy plant foods (juices, potatoes, refined grains, pastries and other vegetable oils) and animal foods were negatively weighted. To build an unhealthful provegetarian FP, less-healthy plant foods were positively weighted and animal and healthy plant foods were negatively weighted as suggested by Satija et al (2017). Participants were categorized into energy-adjusted quintiles of the different versions of a provegetarian FP. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
A total of 2320 new cases of overweight or obesity were identified after a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Higher baseline conformity with the overall provegetarian FP was inversely associated with overweight/obesity (multivariable-adjusted HR comparing extreme quintiles: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.99; P-trend: 0.061). This inverse association was stronger for the healthful version (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.95; p trend: 0.001) and was not apparent for the unhealthful version (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.23; p trend: 0.363).

Conclusions
Among relatively young graduates, better conformity with a healthy provegetarian diet was associated with a reduced risk of overweight/obesity, whereas no consistent trend was found for a FP that emphasized less-healthy plant foods.

Funding Sources
The SUN Project has been supported by the Institute of Health Carlos III, the European Regional Development Fund, the Navarra Regional Government, and the University of Navarra.

Supporting Tables Images and/or Graphs


Abstract Costa Rica's reputation as a stable democracy and champion of inter-American human rights law makes it both beacon and bellwether for sexual and reproductive rights in the American continent. The Costa Rican government brought cases involving in vitro fertilization and same-sex marriage to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, which issued historic decisions expanding reproductive and sexual rights across Latin America. In response, a transnational coalition of self-proclaimed pro-life and pro-family organizations has targeted the Organization of American States and its system of inter-American human rights law, calling on the OAS to respect national sovereignty concerning life and family matters. This chapter traces Costa Rica's key role in Latin American sexual and reproductive rights lawfare as well as the resulting backlash.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the relative risk of ectopic pregnancy associated with postpartum or interval tubal sterilization.

DESIGN
Case-control study using a comparison group of women of reproductive age at risk of pregnancy.

SETTING
Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, a health maintenance organization based in Seattle, Wash. organization based in Seattle, Wash.

PARTICIPANTS
Cases were 249 enrollees diagnosed as having an ectopic pregnancy between October 1, 1981, and September 30, 1986. Controls were 835 randomly selected enrollees matched to cases on age and county of residence.

MEASUREMENTS
Information on interval sterilization history was obtained from interviews, examination of medical records, automated hospitalization files and a previously validated algorithm. A logistic regression model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) for sterilized women compared with women using other types of or no contraception at the reference date.

RESULTS
Controlling for age, county, race, smoking, income, gravidity, and prior use of a Dalkon Shield intrauterine device, the risk of ectopic pregnancy in women who had undergone interval sterilization was 3.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 8.0) times that of women currently using oral contraception and 2.8 (95% CI, 1.5 to 5.5) times that of women currently using barrier contraceptive methods. Use of interval sterilization was associated with a risk of ectopic pregnancy similar to that of women using intrauterine devices (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4 to 1.7) and a risk lower than that of women who were not using contraception (RR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.3). The corresponding RRs associated with postpartum sterilization were lower: 1.2 (95% CI, 0.3 to 3.9), 0.9 (95% CI, 0.3 to 2.8), 0.3 (95% CI, 0.1 to 0.8), and 0.1 (95% CI, 0.0 to 0.2), respectively.

CONCLUSION
Tubal sterilization provides some protection against extrauterine as well as intrauterine pregnancy. It is likely that postpartum sterilization can be a safe alternative to all types of temporary contraception in terms of risk of ectopic pregnancy, while some types of interval sterilization may lead to an increased risk, in comparison with use of oral contraceptives or barrier methods.


The article deals with domestic and foreign realia (considered as culturally specific units) in the song lyrics by the rapper called Oxxxymiron. The paper starts with the definition of realia, specified according to the authors' point of view. The research is concentrated on the comparison of the classifications of «our» and «their» culturally specific units in the Russian rapper's creative texts. The hypothesis consists in the assumption that foreign realia prevail in the singer's lyrics. The lexical units under discussion are divided into eleven classes: geographical names; words referring to science, art and the media; names of historical events; realia naming various organizations etc. The charts with a detailed quantitative analysis of the selected realia are presented in the article. The results of the qualitative analysis of the considered lexical units are given in the concluding part. The authors form the opinion that the formulated hypothesis proves right. Thorough research into the song lyrics marked with realia is considered to facilitate a better understanding of the cultural component in these songs, as well as the influence of the author's personality on their creative product.


Mold trials are critical in the mold development process; therefore, it is necessary to develop predictive models that can control processing results and solve problems in processing parameter optimization to ensure manufacturing efficiency and processing quality. Using the six sigma method, this research constructed an optimized 3C (Computer, Communication, and Consumer electronic) product mold manufacturing process predictive model, and conducted an empirical study on the largest electronic products foundry. The Taguchi parameter design method, the back propagation network (BPN) prediction method, and genetic algorithms (GAs) were used to establish an optimization search module. The surface quality was inferred by the network predictive model as a limiting condition for acquiring the maximized material removal rate in milling. The optimized milling processing parameters of the maximum fitness degree can be determined by GA. The findings can serve as a practical reference for quality improvements and decision planning.


A simple double-layer transmitarray element operating at 20 GHz is proposed. The element consists of only two layers of cross dipoles connected by vias through the substrate. By changing the dipole length and tuning the positions of vias, a phase range of 317° with magnitude loss mostly less than 1 dB is achieved. Under 30° oblique incidence, the phase variation of the element is mostly less than 10° and the magnitude loss is acceptable. The phase responses under two orthogonal linearly polarized incident waves can be controlled independently without significant mutual interference, so the element is suitable for multi-polarization applications. The proposed element can be fabricated using only one substrate. Its simple structure and excellent performance make it a promising candidate for high-gain transmitarray antenna designs.


The applications of diffraction and holographic device technologies are the focus of this text. The 26 papers examine aspects such as theory and design, diffraction/holographic elements of materials and fabrications, and devices with diffractive methods.


Based on our investigations on fixed fields, we studied the seed-spreading, sapling-dwelling and species-competing of Amentotaxus argotaenia . The results show that broad-leaved forest is the precondition of generating Amentotaxus argotaenia community. The highly clumped pattern of sapling is the basis of forming dominant species. A particular structure, i.e. the arbor stratum covered with broad-leaved forest, which adapts Amentotaxus argotaenia to illumination, helps to stabilize and develop the community. The study provides an important theoretical basis for the safeguarding of natural Amentotaxus argotaenia commmunity and the succession of planted forests.


The HydroHillChart software is a complex one used to calculate the hill chart for hydraulic turbines. The application was developed in the Python programming language, while the mathematical tool used for interpolation is the cubic spline type function. The paper presents the HydroHillChart - Kaplan module application, used to calculate the hill chart of the Kaplan hydraulic turbine models, by processing the data measured on the test rig. The hill chart expresses graphically the functional dependence of the Kaplan turbine parameters (n11, Q11, ao, φ, η) and is the instrument on which the industrial turbine is designed. This dependence arises from extensive experimental research carried out on Kaplan turbine models, leading to a library of optimized characteristics for the specific flows and heads of these turbines types.


Recent reports4 have stressed the importance of doing bnonchograms and sinus studies on people with situs inversus because of the greater incidence of bnonchiectasis and chronic sinusitis in these people. The incidence of bronchiectasis at Massachusetts General Hospital in 232, 111 admissions was 0.3 per cent as compared to 21.7 per cent in the 23 cases of situs inversus.' The Mayo Clinic and the State of Wisconsin General Hospital had similar statistics.' Since Kartagener's report of 11 cases of bronchiectasis, chronic sinusitis and situs inversus there have been a total of 41 cases reported up to 1951. Two more were reported by Gross1 and one by Katz et al4 in 1953.


This paper deals with the characterization of magnetic hysteresis losses in soft ferrites. The analysis is performed via an extended classical inductive method. Asymmetric minor loops are in particular investigated and an "energetic approach" is proposed to discuss the case of accommodating loops. Results are shown and discussed throughout the paper.


Introduction: Contemporary femoral component head/neck junctions with 12-14, 14-16 or similar taper geometries are now in wide use in total hip arthroplasty. These junctions are of larger diameter to increase flexural rigidity and have improved tolerances and enhanced surfaces relative to earlier designs in which fretting and corrosion were problematic. Although contemporary modular head/neck junctions promise higher resistance to fretting and corrosion, there is a paucity of data on the actual prevalence of fretting and corrosion in retrieved devices. We asked whether fretting and corrosion damage had in fact been reduced in contemporary head/neck junctions relative to a previous study of earlier generation 6º head/neck junctions [1]. Materials and Methods: A total of 269 consecutively retrieved femoral hip stems with 12-14, 14-16 or similar geometry head/neck junctions from 12 different manufacturers were studied using light and electron microscopy. The devices included 151 CoCr head/CoCr neck junctions and 118 CoCr head/titanium-alloy neck junctions. The mean duration of implantation was 41±54 months. The neck tapers were examined using a reflected light stereo microscope at 10 to 50 X, and were scored for the degree of surface damage due to fretting and corrosion (minimal = 1, mild = 2, moderate = 3 or severe = 4). The data were presented as the mean and standard deviation of the scores. Scores for neck taper fretting and corrosion damage were compared between the different head/neck couples using the Mann-Whitney test. Selected femoral necks were studied using a scanning electron microscope to determine the mechanisms of corrosion. H&E-stained histological sections of the periprosthetic tissues were examined for implants with severe corrosion to characterize the cellular response. Particulate debris in the histological sections was located and identified using back scattered scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Results: Overall, the mean scores for fretting and corrosion


A selection of ninety English language library and information science organization Web sites and their associated pages are analyzed. A majority of Web sites are located on the .org generic top-level domain or the country code top-level domain of the country of origin (to include .int). The Web sites and pages were monitored for ninety- one days beginning November 2, 2010. The data suggest that while Web sites may fluctuate in size on a day to day basis, there is a general tendency toward accretion of pages. Web pages on these organizational Web sites appear to be more persistent than on the Web in general. There is significant variation in constancy as measured by the cosine similarity algorithm.


Social life vigor which produces by social structure's openness,decided the social sports development to,in the basic unit established the new organization entity to carry out the society sports by the achievement under the new situation the foundation.The management mechanism's transformation,the sports life style diversification and the social sports society manages is the primary cause which the community sports organization emerges.From 1987,Liaoning Province Shenyang presented "the urban community sports" for the first time this new sports configuration of organization,has opened the community sports organization's development process.


This paper discusses the model of how the Agent is applied to implement distributed computing of Ada95 and presents a dynamic allocation strategy for distributed computing that based on pre-allocationand Agent. The aim of this strategy is realizing dynamic equilibrium allocation.


The paper introduces the general condition of a rabbit farm in Suiyang whose rabbits were infected with both pasteurellosis and coccidium,the clinical symptoms,the pathological changes,the laboratory diagnosis and the prophylactico-therapeutic measures.


Mini C‐arm image intensifiers (IIs) are promoted to permit lower radiation dose than traditional IIs with a lower purchase price and without the need for a radiographer, saving time. In real‐world usage, radiation dose is not always lower.


To effectively use the chaotic system,a scale design method based on Chen's chaotic system was proposed in this paper.Scaling transformation and differential to integral conversion were performed on the Chen's system,and the characteristics of the scaled Chen's system were analyzed in detail.The scaled Chen's chaotic circuit was taken by the system as model with common electronic circuit structures.The synchronization of the drive and response systems could be realized by carrying out unidirectional single-variable linking substitution method on the scale system.The theoretical analyses and hardware experimental results show that the proposed method can be applied to industrial production directly.


To improve the efficiency of teaching on electrocardiogram(ECG)skills,13 female nursing students of grade 2007 were selected to receive traditional teaching training of ECG skills and volunteered for the open experiment of ECG skills training mode.The training was performed at a limited time with the standard operation procedure by CAI and practice and normalized for patients-aided instruction.The results demonstrated that the training of ECG skills combined with comprehensive modes improved the efficiency of teaching.


The mind, gentlemen, is a small midlands town, like Kettering Where they made corsets for years And the giant factory dominates the scene As you pass by on the train You especially notice the word CORSETS In the fine confident lettering of the period And although corsets are not required any more It