Increased hotel growth in the city of Semarang, it will result in an increase in hotel choices in the city of Semarang. Each hotel has different service offerings such as hotel class and facilities in the hotel. To facilitate the selection of hotels needed a recommendation system that can be used in choosing hotels in the city of Semarang. In developing this research, a reasoning model using the Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method was used. The CBR method is useful for making the best hotel recommendation choices by comparing the desired facilities with the facilities owned by each hotel. Hotel facilities are categorized into three groups, namely: main facilities, public facilities and additional facilities. Each facility is given a subjective weight by determining the importance of one facility compared to other facilities. In determining the importance of each facility, consider the general assessment in the hospitality sector. Subjective values are tested for validity using the pairwise comparison method. In this study the results of the pairwise comparison calculation showed that the weight for main facilities was 0.63, the weight for public facilities was 0.24 and the weight for additional facilities was 0.13. The results of the comparison on the CBR will be calculated the value of proximity using the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) similarity algorithm so that it will provide a similarity between the parameters and the results of hotel selection recommendations. The final similarity value results are in the range from 0 to 1. This system will recommend several hotels with similarity more than 0.4 while similarity less than 0.4 will be added to the revise table so that solutions can be found.


A comparative study of the room temperature magnetoresistance (MR) of bulk polycrystalline Bi and its thin film formulations by thermal evaporation is made. The magnetoresistance value for the bulk Bi is found to be positive, reaching a value of 110% in fields of 2T in agreement with the previously reported values. The thermally evaporated thin films of thickness 100 - 300nm show a crystalline nature and the MR values are in the range 3-10%. The resistivity of the thin films shows a semiconducting behavior with a negative temperature coefficient resistance (TCR). Annealing the samples in temperatures of 200°C (below the melting point of pure Bi) is found to cause a reduction in magnetoresistance in thin film samples while there is not much change in the bulk.


in February, 1948. Ptublicationi has beeni delayed throtugh a series of difficiulties, in partictular the author's inaccessibility during extensive fieldjourneys anid the loss of the originial rotute map in the mails. Nevertheless, we present it herewith: Arabia is ani area of great interest in currenit world affairs, and, so far as we are able to determine, there exists no other puiblished accouniit of the enitire route traveled by Mr. Vesey-Fitzgerald. Unfortunlately, the atuthor has liot had the opportunity to see the proof of his article.


The biological systems are very complex and the main feature of their dynamics is the large amount of information revealed by the measurements. This fact is an advantage in biodiagnosis applications, but on the other hand it raises a major difficulty: the characteristic information is relatively hard to be extracted, sophisticated mathematical models and numerical algorithms being needed in order to differentiate between systems with seemingly similar behavior. The aim of this paper is to develop a numerical algorithm able to characterize the information obtained by means of the laser radiation scattering on human erythrocytes suspensions. The information supplied by this technique is a stationary time series of the intensity of the laser radiation coherently scattered by the human erythrocytes in the suspension. These fluctuations are unpredictable and are related to the unpredictable movement of the scattering cells. The dynamics of the scattering process consists of a deterministic part due to sedimentation and a stochastic part typical to Gaussian distribution of scatterers velocity. The deterministic part can be obtained as the average shift of the local light intensity and the stochastic part as the dispersion around the average intensity.


In consideration of efficiency and cost,PayWord protocol lacks fairness.A new solution based on PayWord protocol was proposed to protect the payment commitment of consumer and the service commitment of provider with concurrent signature,so as to enhance the fairness of PayWord protocol.The analysis results show that the new solution can better meet the requirements of micro-payment for efficiency and fairness.


Thermo-mechanical analysis of functionally graded hollow circular cylinders subjected to axisymmetric mechanical and transient thermal loads is carried out in this study. Thermo-mechanical properties of functionally graded materials (FGM) are assumed to be temperature independent and vary continuously in the radial direction of the cylinder. Employing the Laplace transform, the Galerkin method and series method for ordinary differential equations, solutions for the time-dependent temperature and transient thermo-mechanical stresses are obtained. As an example, a molybdenum/mullite FGM with material properties obeying the exponential law is considered. Effects of heat transfer coefficients and gradient parameters of FGM on the time-dependent temperature and transient thermal stresses are discussed in detail.


This research article strives to examine the return volatility, co volatility and spillover impact of stock exchange, foreign exchange as well as crude oil in Indian and Japanese financial market which are two pertinent, Asian economies by using generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity dynamic conditional correlation (GARCH-DCC) and variance decomposition techniques by considering daily trading data of ten years from 2007 to 2017. The result of GARCH-DCC analysis shows the evidence of ARCH and GARCH effect on the return of all the variables, furthermore it unearths that return of all the variables, is not moving away from its mean in long run and persistent for a long time at leaning process in both this country. The consequence of volatility spillover proves that return on foreign exchange is a net transmitter of volatility while the return of stock exchange is a net receiver of volatility in the Indian financial market. As per as Japanese financial market is concerned it can be inferred that return of stock market is dominant variable as it is a net contributor of volatility to the other variables while foreign exchange market is mostly affected variable as it is a net receiver of volatility.


Recent interest in solutions of the static and dynamic epidemic models has led us to reconsider some features of the critical exponents of these models. In particular, our starting point is that the known values of such exponents take different values depending on dimensionality d, for dynamic epidemics, depending also on the looped nature of the chain, but the universality is regained for d > 1. According to this superuniversality property for d > 1, we could predict that the critical exponents γ and ν for dynamic epidemics on a square lattice should be 43/18 and 4/3, respectively. Furthermore, from numerical results in literature, we predict the critical exponents for the Potts model in three dimensions and the percolation exponents (q = 1) for d = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and d ≥ 6. Other areas of relevance beyond that in the title embrace conduction in heterogeneous media as well as a description of the spreading of a fluid in a medium possessing mobile impurities.


The invention relates to a method for the relief of parasites present on or in the animal, which comprises an effective, substantially administering an 1-aryl-pyrazole of the animals in the non-Saturn insecticide.


The ecoregion of Monte Central has a high water deficit. Scarcity and variability of the water resource determine the spatial distribution of vascular plants. Areas devoid of vegetation are commonly colonized by microbial communities (mosses, cyanobacteria, lichens) called biological soil crusts (BSCs), which modify numerous biogeochemical properties of the substrate. Cyanobacteria are fundamental constituents of BSCs, they synthesize chlorophyll a, phycobilins and fix atmospheric nitrogen (N), representing one of the main sources of N for some arid ecosystems. The objective of this work is to contribute to the knowledge of the cyanobacteria present in BSCs of the Monte Central desert, in different landscape units of eastern Mendoza (natural reserves and grazing lands). Biotic and abiotic material was collected during the years 2015 and 2016 in each environmental unit. For the identification of cyanobacteria, morphological characteristics observed under light microscope, along with taxonomic keys were used. Thus, 12 new records of cyanobacteria are repor ted in BSCs, improving our knowledge of these biocrusts, their geographical distribution and ecology in the province of Mendoza, Argentina.


In the last decade, the detection of overlapping communities has received increasing attention in network science. Among various clustering techniques, the fuzzy clustering has been widely adopted in overlapping community detection, since the soft assignment provided by it naturally meets the overlapping between multiple communities. The crucial step of fuzzy-clustering-based overlapping community detection is to find the optimal community centers, so that the overlapping communities can be obtained according to the membership degrees between nodes and community centers. In this article, we propose an evolutionary multiobjective optimization-based fuzzy method for overlapping community detection. In contrast to traditional fuzzy clustering methods, the proposed method optimizes the community centers by using a specially tailored multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. Moreover, it can also find an appropriate fuzzy threshold for each node, so that diverse overlapping community structures can be uncovered. In the experiments, we compare the proposed method with six state-of-the-art overlapping community detection approaches on synthetic and real-world networks with different scales and characteristics. The statistical results demonstrate that the proposed method can obtain the best results on most test instances.


Fluid driven fracturing plays a key role in several industrial applications, such as stimulation of O&G reservoirs, development of enhanced geothermal systems, and geological carbon storage, to name a few.
 In previous works we have introduced Y-FRAC®, a fluid driven fracture and rock mechanics simulation platform which makes use of the Discontinuous Galerkin method and a cohesive zone model to describe the deformation and fracture processes that take place in the rock, and standard finite elements to model the corresponding fluid flow inside the fractures during stimulation.
 In this work, we expand the previously used constitutive models in order to include the effects of dilatancy during shear deformation. We then evaluate the effect of dilatancy in some cases of practical interest, particularly for the hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs.

 The role of fluid driven fractures and their interaction with weak discontinuities in subsurface phenomena is of significant interest for many industrial applications, such as geothermal energy production, O&G reservoir stimulation and CO2 storage, among several others Kneafsey et al. (2018); Zimmermann and Reinicke (2010).
 Shale formations are characterized by having an extremely low permeability, in the order of hundreds of nD.. For this reason, hydraulic stimulation is required in the O&G industry in order to generate conductive channels between the formation and the well, thus making extraction commercially viable. In the context of CO2 geological storage, they are considered as seals.
 Weak mechanical discontinuities play an important role in the development of O&G fields in Argentina due to the highly variable presence of sub-vertical and sub-horizontal natural fractures Rodrigues et al. (2009); Ukar et al. (2017, 2019a,b). It is known that these weak interfaces can potentially act as preferential propagation paths, locally altering the fracture propagation direction Gale et al (2018), or even restricting its height Weng et al. (2018); Xu et al. (2019); Celleri and Sánchez (2021).


This article is a demonstrative study about the problem and size of addiction in western area especially Taif city in Saudi Arabia through applying of international questionnaires guidelines. These questionnaires were used to assess tobacco, alcohol, and narcotics addiction. They were performed on secondary school male students in Taif ,Saudi Arabia, in addition to Roshd and Kafa and population as well. The total sample size for the present study is equal to 2514. The study revealed that the percentage of tobacco, alcohol, and narcotics addiction are 35.25%, 1.25% and 0.25%, respectively. These results indicate that smoking % in Taif area (35.25%) has been increased from latest reported results (26.50) in Saudi Arabia while the results of alcohol (1.25%) and narcotics (0.25%) addiction are considered very low if compared with percentage available from the WHO report.


(1999). Canadian Muslims on the eve of the twenty‐first century. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs: Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 197-209.


The need for adopting new models of teaching delivery has been well acknowledged in the extant literature and therefore research on antecedents of adoption of teaching-learning technology becomes significant. Digitization is changing the way we learn, live, and do business—particularly from an academic perspective as digital technologies offer newer opportunities for taking learning to the larger community of learners—particularly under-served segments in rural areas. A digitized landscape means democratized knowledge. They now assume greater responsibility for their own learning and design their own study trajectories. They learn 'on the go' using mobile computing devices and through ubiquitous connect to a global web. At the same time, employability of graduates remains contentious, particularly in emerging markets. The employability gap across many disciplines is enormous and there is a disconnect between graduate skill sets and the needs of industry—at the bottom of the pyramid.


Such factors as the cultivars, humidity, temperature, light, fertilizer and water management, pruning, and disease and pest control for raspberry production in greenhouses were studied. Two-year-old plantlets were transplanted into the greenhouses on September 3 of 2000 and normal management was adopted. The plastic film was covered on December 20 after enough chilling time. The raspberry began to bloom 105 days after the coverage and produced ripe fruits 127 days after the coverage. The fruiting phase was 40 days earlier as compared with the open-land production. Quality fresh fruits were obtained through proper management, including pruning prior to shed coverage with the plastic film and post to harvest, flower and fruit thinning, humidity and temperature regulation, and disease and pest control. A good yield of 4. 5 tons per ha in the spring of 2001 and 7. 5 tons per ha in the spring of 2002 was harvested.


Advocates of Multicultural Education (ME) have shown little or no special interest in teaching tolerance even though they have regarded it as a trait of the members of a multicultural society. On the other hand, some proponents of ME have suggested that it might be desirable to teach students to be intolerant of certain things, mainly, linguistic signs of cultural disrespect. These are those advocates who have acted to ban "hate speech" and "politically incorrect speech." I do not know that they actually want students to learn to be intolerant of these and other linguistic forms of cultural disrespect, but because of their actions, I suppose that they do.


This paper describes a motion planning algorithm for evasive lane keeping in urban autonomous driving environments. Based on high-definition map (HD map), it is determined whether the surrounding vehicles and obstacles recognized by the environmental sensors exist within the driving lane of the subject vehicle. There are two methods of avoiding in lane static and dynamic obstacles: lane change and in lane avoidance behavior. Using HD map, it is possible to determine the lateral position of an obstacle, and to determine whether the subject vehicle can avoid it without changing lanes. The major in lane obstacle which determines the lateral motion decision of the subject vehicle is defined as the 'Primary Target'. Based on the position and lateral space occupancy of the primary target, the demand for 'Lane Change' and 'Biased Driving' is determined. According to each mode demand, the motion planner determines the desired motion for lane change or lane biased driving. A model predictive controller was implemented to determine the desired steering angle and longitudinal acceleration of the ego vehicle for execution of the desired motion. Actual vehicle tests were performed to verify the performance of the proposed motion planning algorithm. The results confirmed that the proposed motion planner can effectively manage collision risk without loss of traffic flow.


By adapting methods of [AC] we prove a sharp estimate on the expansion modulus of the gradient of the logarithm of the parabolic kernel to the Schördinger operator with convex potential, which improves an earlier work of Brascamp-Lieb. We also include alternate proofs to the improved log-concavity estimate, and to the fundamental gap theorem of Andrews-Clutterbuck via the elliptic maximum principle. Some applications of the estimates are also obtained, including a lower bound on the first eigenvalue.


Objective To investigate airway inflammation,remodeling and apoptosis of epithelium in asthmatic childhood.Methods Eighteen asthmatic children(asthmatic group),17 non-asthmatic children(non-asthmatic lung disease group)and 6 patients who died from non-asthmatic and non-lung disease group were recruited.Mucosa biopsy was obtained in asthmatic group and non-asthmatic lung disease group.Review the epithelium integrity,inflammation cell infiltration,basal membrane's thickness;collagen III and Caspase-3 expression were analyzed.Results Bronchial epithelial cells shed in all asthmatic children.Lymphocytes infiltration was found in 17 asthmatic children,but eosinophilic infiltration was found only in 1 asthmatic child.Base membrane thickening(0.299±0.078)μm in asthmatic group was higher than that in non-asthmatic lung disease group(0.143±0.051)μm.Compared with non-asthmatic lung disease group(184.01±18.21),the expression of Caspase-3 increased(141.72±23.66).Collagen III deposited(122.79±9.59)widely in asthmatic group.Conclusion Airway inflammation、 remodeling and apoptosis of epithelium are found in asthmatic childhood.Lymphocytes not eosinophilic cells infiltrate in most of asthmatic children.


The typical information worker in military organizations faces on a daily basis the need to make decisions. These processes are unstructured and most often non-repeatable meaning it is not possible to create relevant IT applications in advance by traditional software development approaches such as Service-Oriented Architectures. The information worker has to react on alerts and events in ad-hoc fashion following Boyd's OODA loop. A new development paradigm, known as enterprise mashups, has gained momentum in recent years. It enables information workers to create situational applications on their own. However, current discussions both in the scientific and industrial community are limited on technical aspects such as the development of relevant mashup platforms which allow composing dynamically applications to make a decision. We extend the previous research in facilitating the building and collaboration through social software. Thus, the question arises what are the actual business values of this new paradigm for military organizations? This present paper closes this gap by analyzing a real-world defense scenario which we have implemented by means of the mashup prototype SAP Research Rooftop Marketplace. A case study reports about the challenges of typical decision processes in military organizations and how dynamic enterprise mashups can improve the decision quality as well as the decision time. For each phase (observe, orient, decide and act) of the OODA loop, we analyze and quantify the business values.


The discourse of Uighur language may be analyzed from many kinds of angles,by many kinds of ways,the advancement pattern of theme research is only one kind of quite important.If we can utilize it in the language classroom instruction and in the more widespread language body analysis,possibly we can enable it to play the major role.


Stress is known to be one of the main risk factors for neuropsychiatric disorders. The stress response is a physiological mechanism of adaptation essential for survival but, when the stressful event is prolonged or overwhelming, maladaptive mechanisms could occur, thus increasing the risk to develop a stress-related pathology. Several human and ex vivo animal studies tried to investigate how brain responds to stressors and which cerebral areas are involved, but only in the last years, with the recent progress in neuroimaging techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET), it has been possible to study metabolic and neurobiological changes induced in vivo by stress. Compelling evidence shows that energy metabolism and mitochondrial activity are affected by stress: at a cellular level stress results to be linked to premature cellular ageing and shortened telomeres. Because mitochondria actively regulate synaptic transmission, brain seems to be vulnerable to bioenergetic fluctuations and mitochondrial defects induced by stress. Main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of acute foot shock (FS) stress on brain glucose metabolism in rats. We took advance of [18F]FDG-PET studies on FS-stressed rats to highlight which brain areas were activated/inactivated by stress. Our results showed an increase of energy consumption in rostral regions, while in more caudal areas acute stress induced a decrease in glucose metabolism. In order to understand whether these changes in activation of selected brain areas were related with modifications in synaptic glucose metabolism, thus suggesting changes in synaptic function, we measured enzymatic activity of hexokinase, the rate-limiting enzyme for glycolysis in the brain. In line with previous results, hexokinase activity resulted to be increased by acute stress in synaptosomes from prefrontal cortex and dorsal hippocampus while showing an opposite trend in those from ventral hippocampus. Moreover, as we wanted to investigate ex vivo whether our previous results reflected real changes in synaptic glucose consumption, we analyzed synaptic glucose uptake by measuring the uptake of the glucose analogous 2-Deoxy [3H] glucose in perfused purified synaptosomes from stressed rats. Data from the uptake of 2-Deoxy [3H] glucose are also consistent with previous results. Taken together, these results suggest that acute stress induces area-specific changes in glucose metabolism, immediately after the stress episode.


To the Editor,

The "doctor who resides within" is a wonderful concept that Schweitzer must have learned, [which is] of much value to us today[1] – for Doctor Schweitzer was a scientist as well as a theologist. This rich concept must not be sterilized! There are more powers of that inner doctor than can fit in a chip, and the chip also need not be implanted but might be secured in the identification bracelet or necklace that people might choose to wear.

Readers are encouraged to respond to George Lundberg, MD, Editor of MedGenMed, for the editor's eye only or for possible publication via email: ten.epacsdem@grebdnulg


The thermal desorption of nitrogen was used to investigate the texture of molybdenum-containing hydrodesulfurization catalysts, synthesized on the basis of ..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and a genetic mixture of mountain cork (palygorskite) and montmorillonite. Their activity in the hydrogenolysis of thiophene has been determined. It has been shown that in the preparation of the oxide or sulfide forms the texture of the contact, containing the natural support, changes more strongly than that based on aluminum oxide. Elimination of the oxidizing calcination stage produces sulfide forms of the catalysts with a larger specific surface, porosity, and higher catalytic activity. A stronger effect is obtained on the natural support.


Work is described which merges 3-D input and display technologies to implement a real time interactive computer graphics environment, generating a stereoscopic image that one creates by reaching directly into it. The display is an ordinary video monitor, reflected off a half-slivered mirror, and viewed through PLZT opto-electrical shutter glasses. For input, an electromagnetic six degree-of-freedom digitizer is mounted in a small wooden "magic wand", with a pushbutton mounted in the handle.


Observations on the geology of Gold Coast, west Africa--a criticism of certain statements by D. W. Bishopp (Geol. Mag. v. 77, no. 4, p. 305-329, Ag 1 940) in regard to the geology of Gold Coast.


The article is based on accepted theoretical and methodological approaches connected with understanding of the phenomenon of social amnesia in coordinates of social and philosophical discourse. The author proposed his own construct as a tool for analysis aimed at identifying reception of the past in contemporary cultural practices.


The American Concrete Institute Standard 318, Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete, has permitted the design of reinforced concrete structures in accordance with limit state principles using load and resistance factors since 1963. A probabilistic assessment of these factors and implied safety levels is made, along with consideration of alternate factor values and formats. A discussion of construction safety issues is included.


A universal streak camera which works in synchroscan and single-shot modes with 3 plug-ins (synchroscan, fast and slow) has been developed utilizing a microchannel plate-incorporated streak tube. The synchroscan plug-in features low jitter of less than 4 ps, and high-speed sine-wave deflection from 80 to 160 MHz, achieving a limiting temporal resolution of 5 ps. The fast plug-in offers temporal resolution of better than 2 ps with triggering jitter of less than t20 ps. The slow plug-in provides longer time windows from 10 ns to 1 ms/15 mm in 16 ranges. Shutter operation down to 100 ns in duration is available with a maximum repetition rate of 1 - 10 KHz for the 3 plug-ins. An on-off ratio of more than 1:106 has been achieved by using double gate operation at photocathode and built-in microchannel plate.


In this paper, a primary-secondary resource-management controller on Vehicular Networks is designed and tested. We cast the resource-management problem into a suitable constrained stochastic Network Utility Maximization problem and derive the optimal cognitive resource management controller, which dynamically allocates the access time-windows. We provide the optimal steady-state memoryless controllers under hard and soft primary-secondary collision constraints, showing as the hard controller does not present any optimality gap in the average utility with respect to the soft one, while, on the contrary, it is able to make the outage-probability vanishing. Then we generalize the framework integrating the controllers with different data fusion techniques, and test the controller behaviour in a non-stationary application scenario. Finally we provide the optimal steady-state hard controller with memory and compare it with the memoryless one.


Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are aircraft whose flights can be fully autonomous without any provision for human intervention. One of the most useful and promising domains where UAVs can be employed is natural disaster management. In this paper, we focus on an emergency scenario and propose the use of a fleet of UAVs that help rescue teams to individuate people needing help inside an affected area. We model this situation as an original graph theoretical problem called Multi-Depot Multi-Trip Vehicle Routing Problem with Total Completion Times minimization (MDMT-VRP-TCT); we go through some problems already studied in the literature that appear somehow similar to it and highlight the differences, propose a mathematical formulation for our problem as a MILP, design a matheuristic framework to quickly solve large instances, and experimentally test its performance. Beyond the proposed application, our solution works in any case in which a multi-depot multi-trip vehicle routing problem must be solved.


We present a patient with swallowing syncope. The esophageal manometric examination showed a diffuse spasm. This induces a vagovagal reflex mediated by tensoreceptors from the esophageal wall, which block the AV and/or sinus nodes.


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have been used in many applications now a days viz., military and non-military applications, healthcare systems, forest fire information system, disaster management etc. Security is one of the major and significant issues in these networks. Several attacks are planned by intruders at each layer of the network model. This paper deals with detection and prevention of an attack of network layer called wormhole attack. Several authors described different modes of this attack and their detection methods. Intruders are trying every time some new methods of the attack. So, securing the network from such attacks is the demand of the system. This paper presents a survey of detection and prevention techniques for wormhole attack and also some future directions for this problem.


The goal of this paper is to correct a widespread misconception about the work of Robert Leslie Ellis and John Venn, namely that it can be considered as the 'British empiricist' reaction against the traditional theory of probability. It is argued, instead, that there was no unified 'British school' of frequentism during the nineteenth century. Where Ellis arrived at frequentism from a metaphysical idealist transformation of probability theory's mathematical calculations, Venn did so on the basis of an empiricist critique of its 'inverse application'.


Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a health problem of epidemic proportion. Of all health professionals, nurses provide the majority of care to persons with AIDS (PWAs). Studies have documented that nurses hold negative attitudes toward PWAs which affect the care afforded this client population. Several studies, mostly quantitative in nature, have addressed nursing students attitudes toward PWAs, the findings of which indicate similar attitudes to those of nurses. Since nursing students, as students and as future nurses, will be expected to provide care to the increasing number of PWAs, a need exists for further research. Moreover, since the potential exists for inductive methods to more fully illuminate phenomena that may otherwise be difficult to convey using quantitative methods, a qualitative study was conducted of nursing students' experiences caring for PWAs. Eight students from the University of British Columbia/Vancouver General Hospital (UBC/VGH) Nursing Program, enrolled in the second through fourth years of the program, and who had cared for at least one PWAs within their course of study, participated. Direction for analysis of the audiotaped, unstructured interviews


The estimation of the effort to be spent in a software project is a problem still open. Having a good estimation of the variables just at the beginning of a project makes the project manager confident about the future course of the actions, since many of the decisions taken during the development depend on, or are influenced by, the initial estimations. The root of the problems can be attributed to the different methods of analysis used, and to the way with which they are applied. On one hand we may not use the adequate independent variables for prediction and/or we may not build the correct predictive equations. On the other hand we could think that the method of prediction has some effect on the predictions, meaning that it is not the same to use classical regression or other methods of analysis. We have applied linear regression, neural networks and genetic programming to several datasets. We infer that the problem of accurate software estimation by means of mathematical analysis of simple relationships solely isn' t going to be inmediately solved. 1. THE ESTIMATION OF SOFTWARE COST After several decades of research into software management, the question of how to predict effort with suff icient reliabili ty is still unsolved. The prediction of the effort to be spent in a project is the most sought variable by the project manager. However, finding those good initial estimations has been shown to be elusive. In fact, and after three decades of research, the precise function that relates effort and size is still unknown. Different equations represent different hypotheses about the economies of scale in software development. The type of economy of scale of a production process indicates how the output of a process responds to the increments of the inputs to the own process. Therefore, the manager can take appropriate actions if he/she knows how much software has to develop and he/she also knows how is the equation of the effort with respect to the size of the project. To identify the cost function is still an unsolved question. The root of the problems can be attributed to the different methods of analysis used and to the way which they are applied. On one hand we may not use the adequate independent variables for prediction and/or we may not build the correct predictive equations. On the other hand we could think that the method of prediction has some effect on the predictions, meaning that it is not the same to use classical regression or other methods of analysis. In this work we discuss the predictive capabiliti es of some of the estimation models and methods expounded in the literature: a) with respect to the type of size used as independent variable, b) with respect to the sample used and c) with respect to the type of method of analysis. The best known models, such as COCOMO, have been developed using classical regression as the main method for building the equations. Newer methods such as neural networks have gained use among estimators. Other methods include the use of case-base reasoning and "expert judgement" . Recently, and for the purposes of system identification in chemical process engineering, the technique of "genetic programming" has been used with promising results. The underlying idea is to mimic the biological process of "natural selection" , in such way that the best solution is achieved by probabili stic evolution. It is not guaranteed that the best solution is to be found, but only that one of the best solutions will appear. This is a type of the current "evolutionary computation" techniques which are able to cope with "hard problems" . The use of the new technique of genetic programming is appealing since it has the flexibilit y of adjusting a variety of functions to the data points. Therefore, the main theme of research of this work is to examine the methods with which we can predict effort. Also we will compare the predictive capabiliti es of each approach. When applying a method other assumptions are tested, such as the use of different samples on the same datasets and the effect of some outliers. In this article the data of the works of (Abran and Robill ard 1996), (Miyazaki et al. 1994), and (Matson et al. 1994) are analysed. We especially analyse the method of GP compared to the other methods, since GP is a type of evolutionary computation technique that has some advantageous properties over classical regression. GP can be an alternative to classical symbolic regression since it can include many constraints in the process of deriving the equation. 2. DIFFERENT METHODS OF ANALYSIS The main method used in the literature for deriving equations A comparison of alternative methods to the classical li near regression can be found in (A.R. Gray and S.G. MacDonell 1997). Next we state the methods used in the present work. 2.1 Statistical Analysis by Linear Regression Linear regression (LR) is one of the classical technique for analysing and building estimation models. It is assumed that the dependent variable is linearly related with the independent(s) variable(s). In order to have other functions or equations, several transformations can be made in the variables. Usual transformations take the logarithm of the variables. Goodness of f it of the model is usually measured by the coeff icient of multiple determination R, and by the mean squared error. Outlier analysis is also a requirement for asserting the validity of a model. Questions have been raised in some works about the use of samples for building a model. It is usually assumed in the statistical field, and also in the software engineering field, that we obtain different results if we choose a subset or the whole dataset. Therefore, two possibiliti es will be taken into account in the analysis that is carried out next: to build a model with all points in the dataset or to use a subset for model building and the rest of the points for model evaluation. And, since the sample can also affect the results, we have used three different samples, randomly selected, for building models. The subsets are composed of 66% of the cases for model building and 34% for model evaluation. The same applies to the other methods, neural networks and genetic programming.


Increasing the melting temperature of HLW glass allows an increase of waste loading (thus reducing product volume) and the production of more durable glasses at a faster melting rate. However, HLW glasses that melt at high temperatures differ in composition from glasses formulated for low temperature ({approximately}1150{degree}C). Consequently, the composition of high-temperature glasses falls in a region previously not well tested or understood. This report represents a preliminary study of property/composition relationships of high-temperature Hanford HLW glasses using a one-component-at-a-time change approach. A test matrix has been designed to explore a composition region expected for high-temperature high-waste loading HLW glasses to be produced at Hanford. This matrix was designed by varying several key components (SiO{sub 2}, B{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Na{sub 2}O, Li{sub 2}O, Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, ZrO{sub 2}, Bi{sub 2}O{sub 3}, P{sub 2}O{sub 5}, UO{sub 2}, TiO{sub 2}, Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3}, and others) starting from a glass based on a Hanford HLW all-blend waste. Glasses were fabricated and tested for viscosity, glass transition temperature, electrical conductivity, crystallinity, liquidus temperature, and PCT release. The effect of individual components on glass properties was assessed using first- and second- order empirical models. The first-order component effects were compared with those from low-temperature HLW glasses.


We retrospectively analysed the seasonal distribution of cholera and the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Vibrio cholerae isolates over a 5-year period from January 1998 to December 2002. Of 3213 stool specimens processed from 3213 patients with acute watery diarrhoea during this period, 431 samples (13.4%) were found positive for V. cholerae. There were 423 V. cholerae Ol biotype E1Tor, 2 V. cholerae 0139 and six isolates of non-01 non-0139. The highest number of cholera cases occurred in May-June followed by July-August. Cases started appearing in April for all years except in the year 2002 when three cases occurred in the first week of March. A large number (90.25% strains) were resistant to at least one antibiotic.


The Millennial generation has arrived in law school. This new generation of self-confident and extremely high-achieving learners merits a new interdisciplinary approach to legal education. Some institutions have explored formative assessments and regulated self-learning to improve academic success. Other universities have looked to universal design, specifically universal design in learning or universal design in instruction, as a mechanism for furthering educational goals for their students. All agree that a lack of self-efficacy can prevent Millennial students from overcoming challenges in their educational growth, and that high selfefficacy, the ability to put forth effort and persistence to successfully accomplish a goal, will lead to better learning outcomes and is a powerful predictor of educational success. None, however, have paired the theories of self-regulated learning and universal design in instruction as a vehicle to improve self-efficacy in the law school classroom. This article is the first to address the unique intersection of these learning theories and their potentially positive impact on self-efficacy for today's learners. "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times . . ." — Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities "How to begin to educate a child. First Rule: leave him alone. Second Rule: leave him alone. Third Rule: leave him alone. That is the whole beginning."


This action research project examines the extent to which providing adolescent girls with choice of curricular content and input into course design affects their enjoyment and participation in physical education. It also examines student preferences regarding activities based on personal health and wellness compared to the traditional sport-based curriculum many schools offer. Following an initial questionnaire, students in my grade ten physical education class were offered a series of introductory lessons to individual or partner activities not normally offered in the present curriculum, such as yoga and Zumba. Students set personal goals to meet their own needs and chose activities to participate in that addressed their needs. At the end of the intervention it was found that having an input and choice was motivational for high school girls. The study was able to show that when students are heard and their input is treated as valuable, they enjoy physical education. Insights gained in this study can be used by teachers and researchers to look for new ways to engage high school girls in physical education.


Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enabled digital assistants to evolve towards proactive user support. However, expectations as to when and to what extent assistants should take the initiative are still unclear; discrepancies to the actual system behavior might negatively affect user acceptance. In this paper, we present an in-the-wild study for exploring user expectations of such user-supporting AI systems in terms of different proactivity levels and use cases. We collected 3,168 in-situ responses from 272 participants through a mixed method of automated user tracking and context-triggered surveying. Using a data-driven approach, we gain insights into initial expectations and how they depend on different human factors and contexts. Our insights can help to design AI systems with varying degree of proactivity and preset to meet individual expectations.


Objective: Hypertension is associated with increased levels of oxidative stress and some studies have found reduced BP after antioxidant supplements. Anthocyanins are considered to have high antioxidant potentials and they constitute a subgroup of the flavonoids. As some other flavonoids have shown improvement of BP, we aimed to investigate whether high levels of anthocyanins reduce BP. Design and Methods: We included participants between 35 and 51 years, not receiving any risk reducing medication, and with a resting screening BP of > 140/90 mmHg in a double blind randomized placebo controlled intervention study with a cross-over design. Each treatment period lasted for 4 weeks separated by a wash-out period of 4 weeks. A daily intake of 640 mg anthocyanins was used. Resting BP was measured 3 times on the right arm in the sitting position after several minutes of rest with an automatic oscillometric BP device, and was calculated as the mean of the last 2 measurements. Ambulatory BP devices were used to measure 24-hours BP in the end of both intervention periods. Paired sampled t-test or the corresponding non-parametric test was used in the analysis. Results: The participants were 41 ± 1 years of age and the mean BP at screening was 143/96 mmHg. 27 men out of 31 completed the study. The table presents mean ± SE of BP (mmHg) at baseline and after both treatment periods. No significant BP differences were seen between placebo and anthocyanins. Conclusion: High doses of anthocyanins given to healthy middle-aged men with mild hypertension do not affect blood pressure levels. Figure 1. No caption available.


It is often difficult in computer graphics applications to understand spatial relationships between objects in a 3D scene or effect changes to those objects without specialized visualization and manipulation techniques. We present a set of three-dimensional tools (widgets) called "shadows" that not only provide valuable perceptual cues about the spatial relationships between objects, but also provide a direct manipulation interface to constrained transformation techniques. These shadow widgets provide two advances over previous techniques. First, they provide high correlation between their own geometric feedback and their effects on the objects they control. Second, unlike some other 3D widgets, they do not obscure the objects they control.


The influence of time delay and noise on critical coupling parameter in the synchronization of small world neural networks is investigated. We find that the time delay and noise play important role in synchronization of this extended system. We find that the time delay presents, the quality of the synchronization of neural network worsens. However, the present of noise results more worsens in the quality of the synchronization of network. One can see that the qualitative relation between critical coupling parameter and linked degree: the larger linked degree becomes, the larger critical coupling parameter with time delay and noise absent or present. This trend is influenced by time delay and noise. The trend become steeper when time delay present, and more gently when noise present.


Studies were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of some insecticides as seed treatment, soil application and foliar sprays on seed quality characters of bell pepper (Capsicum annuumL.) cultivar Solan Bharpur during Kha-rif season 2013. The treatments comprised of seed application of imidacloprid (Gaucho 600FS) and thiamethox-am (Cruiser 70WS), soil application of neem cake@ 2 q/acre and carbofuran @ 6 kg/acre and foliar sprays of im-idacloprid (Confidor 200 SL), thiamethoxam (Actara 25 WS), indoxacarb14.5 SC @ 0.5ml/l, NSKE (neem seed ker-nel extract) @ 5%, Neem Raj 500ppm @ 2.5ml/l and control. The observations regarding quality parameters record-ed were germination percentage, seedling length, seeding dry weight, seed vigour index-I, seed vigour index-II and electrical conductivity. The results revealed that treatment combination viz., seed treatment and foliar spray with thiamethoxam (S2F2) recorded significantly higher germination percentage (96.33%), seed vigour index-I (934.10), seed vigour index-II (245.02) and minimum electrical conductivity (216.67dSm-1) at 0.05 level of significance. Therefore, seed treatment and foliar spray of thiamethoxam may be recommended for quality seed production of bell pepper.


The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental study, grounded in conventional economic efficiency theory, was to compare the change in efficiency of different banks, specifically Islamic and Western, that occurred during the 2007 to 2009 economic downturn, using 2006 as baseline. Relative assets size and bank classification were used to compare the change in banks' efficiency. The research questions addressed whether efficiency changes during the financial crisis of 2007-2009 were different between Western and Islamic banks. Data for small and large Western commercial banks were collected from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) website; for Islamic banks, data were collected from the Islamic Banks and Financial Institutions Information (IBIS) website. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to calculate the efficiency of these banks, and independent samples t test was used to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that the impact of the financial crisis was different depending upon the bank type. The financial crisis had the greatest impact on the efficiency of small commercial Western banks compared to Islamic banks and large Western banks.


xxiv, 382p : tables : 21cm. – Includes index. – Bibliography. – Please look in the full text area of this record for a list of chapters


Supplementary data ml http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/suppl/2013/09/26/rsbl.2013.0217.DC1.ht "Data Supplement" References http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/9/5/20130217.full.html#ref-list-1 This article cites 17 articles, 5 of which can be accessed free Subject collections (721 articles) evolution  • (711 articles) ecology  • Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections


Abstract Disclosure: M. Godlewska: None. A. Boguslawska: None. A. Grochowska: None. A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk: None. A. Gilis-Januszewska: None. Introduction: Clinical, pathophysiological and prognostic significance of different patterns of growth hormone response in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been recently a focus of extensive debate. Material and Methods We analyzed 116 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly between 2012 and 2022. Finally, 89 patients with an MRI-confirmed pituitary tumor, available results of at least 3 GH values in the OGTT before implementation of any treatment were included. Paradoxical rise of GH in OGTT (PR) was defined as an increase of at least 25% of GH at any time point of OGTT compared to baseline GH concentration. Patients were divided into two groups: with PR (PRpos), without PR (PR neg). Among clinical data, baseline GH, IGF-1 and PRL concentrations (expressed as IGF-1/ULN and PRL/ULN ratios), function of pituitary axes were assessed. Tumor largest diameter, tumor volume, cavernous sinus invasion, compression of the optic chiasm, tumor infarction as well as Signal Intensity Ratio (SIR) of the solid part of the tumor and the grey matter of the temporal lobe were assessed. Response to presurgical somatostatin analogues (SSA)(defined as normalization of IGF-1 and ULN ratio) was assessed in 69 patients. Postsurgical remission was defined as GH suppression <1 ug/ml in OGTT and IGF-1/ULN <1. This study was approved by the local Bioethics Committee (1072.6120.72.2020) and is part of statutory research of the Jagiellonian University Medical College (N41/DBS/000407). Results: PR was observed in 34.8% cases. Female/Male ratio was 32/26 for PRneg and 18/13 for PRpos. Median age upon diagnosis was 40,5 years (33.5-58.0) for PRneg and 51.0 (41.0-61.0) for PRpos (p=0.127). Median diagnostic delay was 4 years (IQR 5) for PRneg and 6.5 years (IQR 7) for PRpos (p=0.05). The frequency of hyperprolactinemia, secondary hypogonadism, secondary hypothyroidism did not differ among groups. Nor any differences in nadir GH concentration in the OGTT, glucose levels in 0, 60, 120 min, PRL and IGF-1 concentrations were found. Median fasting GH concentration was significantly higher in PRneg than in PRpos (10.23 ug/ml, IQR 14.19 vs 7.46 ug/ml, IQR 7.96, respectively; p=0.011). Tumor largest diameter and tumor volume, presence of cavernous sinus invasion, compression of the optic chiasm or radiological signs of tumor infarction and SIR did not differ between groups. The frequency of biochemical control after SSA was 31.6% in PRneg vs 42.9% in PRpos; (p=0.386). After surgery, biochemical cure was confirmed in 59.6% of PRneg and 70.8% of PRpos (p=0.352). Conclusions: In our study, patients in PRneg did not differ from PRpos, especially in terms of tumor intensity and response to preoperative medical treatment, as reported previously. PRpos patients had significantly lower baseline GH concentrations than PRneg. However, further evaluation is required to understand the significance of PR. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023


Plants have been used for health care and medical purposes for years. The number of higher plant species on earth is about 250000. It is estimated that 35000 to 70000 species have, at one time or another, been used in some cultures for medicinal purposes. One of these is Adenanthera pavonina which is traditionally used . It also exhibit activity like antidiabetic, antibacterial, cytotoxicity, antifungal, antioxidant, anthelmintic, analgesic, anticonvulsant, depressant, and anti-inflammatory activity. The ethanolic extract of leaves show anti-inflammatory activity and pavonin a five membered lactone ring was isolated from leaves. The purpose of my review is to carry out future work for higher studies


The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between R&D capability, network capability, international marketing activity and the effects on management performance in globalizing Korean ventures. Although previous studies have found that R&D capability, network capability, and international marketing activities affect management performance directly, there have been only a few studies which focus on the specific causal relationships among these potential variables in Korean ventures. Recently, with the global environment of competition becoming more complex and consumer needs becoming more diversified, even a corporation that develops an excellent product cannot achieve a high level of performance if the product is not combined with international marketing efforts, or the corporation does not make use of developed networking in its international marketing activities. This study, through the use of co-variance structural analysis, showed that while R&D capability and marketing activities directly affect management performance, network capability does not. In addition, R&D capability and network capability were shown to have a positive effect on management performance with international marketing activities working as a mediator. This result theoretically and practically implies that network capability has an effect on management performance when used in international marketing activities.


This paper presents design and analysis of a robust control methodology based on H-infinity mixed sensitivity approach. The designed controller has been implemented on stock consistency (an important parameter of paper machine headbox). The paper also describes the results obtained for stock consistency model with conventional PID controller using IMC, ZN and TL tuning methods. The performance assessment of H-infinity controller has been done by comparing its results with conventional PID controller. The assessment is done on the basis of four major aspects such as: Time response, relative stability, performance index and robustness.


In order to create a wind resource map, we need wind data, contour map and roughness map. Moving Filter technique was applied to Udo of Jeju Island to improve the accuracy and efficiency of creating roughness map based on the Land Cover Map of the Ministry of Environment. The Land Cover Map was simplified using moving filtering, and the roughness map was created with this Land Cover Map. The wind resource map was created using this roughness map. Finally, we verified the validity and application of moving filter technique for wind resource map. As a result, the wind map which was created using the roughness map with moving filtering showed bias values which were all negative. It means the wind map is underestimated to values of wind energy and RMSE values were also from 0.0237m/s to 0.0253m/s at 50m height. In other words, estimation of wind resource using image filtering provides reliable results at 80m height typically when the wind turbine is installed. Finally, we found that image filtering technique is very useful tool to make wind resource map.


— Bali cattle as native Indonesian cattle have been well known throughout Indonesia and have been input by smallholder breeders generally small scale business. This cow is easy to adapt well to various environments that exist with displaying a fairly varied production performance and performing high performances. The purpose of this study was to maintain the performance and quality of Bali cattle. Evaluation results for livestock selection and standardization of livestock that meet the Indonesian National Standard (INS) for Balinese cattle breeds. The research was conducted at the location of people's farms in West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara in July-August 2020. The material used in this study were 50 adult females aged 3-8 years. Parameters measured include height, body length, and chest circumference. The criteria for Balinese cattle breeds refer to INS 2020. Based on the results of the study, the average height was 113 ± 2.95 cm, body length was 112 ± 2.45 cm, and chest circumference was 151 ± 2.22 cm. Based on INS 2020 (height 111 cm, length 110 cm, chest circumference 151 cm), cows that meet body size standards according to class 1 are 40% tall, 24% body length, and 12% chest circumference. The percentage of body size of Balinese cattle such as shoulder height, body length, and chest circumference for Class 1 (76%), class 2 (92%), and class 3 (100%). In conclusion, as a future development area for Bali cattle and to maintain its performance in West Lombok Regency, there is a need for breeding stock. They assess that currently, only 76% of the available Bali cows meet the criteria for breeding by smallholder breeders.


The effect of ratio of carbon dioxide and oxygen on the growth of 16 strains of food-borne pathogens and spoilage bacteria was investigated using the smear plate method. The results were as follows.1) Growth of facultative anaerobic bacteria (A. hydrophila, B. cereus, E. coli, E. cloacae, L. monocytogenes, S. liquefaciens, S. typhimurium, S. aureus) was not completely inhibited by carbon dioxide, oxygen and their mixtures. However, the growth rate of those bacteria was reduced in proportion to the increase in the ratio of carbon dioxide in the gas mixtures.2) Growth of microaerophilic bacteria (L. viridescens) was not affected by carbon dioxide, oxygen or their mixtures.3) Growth of the five species (A. calcoaceticus, F. lutescens, P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, P. fragi) of aerobic bacteria was not recognized in the presence of 100% carbon dioxide, while M. luteus grew to some extent under the same conditions. Growth of P. fragi was inhibited in the presence of 30% or more carbon dioxide. The growth of F. lutescens was observed only in the case of 10% carbon dioxide and 90% oxygen. The susceptibility of aerobic bacteria to carbon dioxide was higher than that of facultative anaerobic bacteria and microaerophilic bacteria.4) Growth of anaerobic bacteria (C. perfringens) was inhibited in the presence of oxygen regardless of its concentration.From these results, it is clear that carbon dioxide, oxygen and their gas mixtures can be used effectively to inhibit or delay bacterial growth.


Objective To assess the efficacy of interventional bronchoscopic techniques used to treat stenosis of bronchial anastomosis after lung transplantation.Methods A retrospective study of 24 cases who underwent lung transplantation from September 2003 to August 2005 in our Unit was done. All recipients were subjected to surveillance bronchoscopy with biopsy at predetermined intervals and when clinically indicated. Endobronchial electrocauterization with microwave therapy apparatus and endobronchial electrocoagulation with high-frequency electrotome were performed for the management of bronchial stenosis or granuloma formation.Results There were 2 of 24 recipients (2/24,8.3 %) with stenosis of bronchial anastomosis. Airway stenosis appeared in 3 of 28 anastomoses (3/28,10.7 %): 2 on the left and 1 on the right. These patients with airway stenosis responded to interventional bronchoscopy,and their respiratory function was improved significantly.Conclusions Despite the improvements in surgical technique and immunosuppression strategies,a small number of patients still had airway complications after lung transplantation. Interventional bronchoscopic techniques,i.e. endobronchial electrocauterization with microwave therapy apparatus and endobronchial electrocoagulation with high-frequency electrotome will be effective in the treatment of airway complications after lung transplantation and with good response in respiratory function.


Price et al point out the numerous difficulties in drawing firm conclusions from data abstracted retrospectively from case notes. Such difficulties are especially pronounced in assessing such a subjective end-point as pain control.


Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is a popular approach for online learning that determines synaptic weight updates based on the relative timing of temporal events of pre-synaptic and post-synaptic spikes. Online learning is very effective for fast and low power processing of locally sensed signals. Moreover, the memristor (or "memory resistor") has garnered attention as a key component in emerging synaptic circuits, due in large part to the inherent plasticity of the device. Circuits that leverage metal-oxide memristors, including HfO2, are promising but must be carefully designed to account for the non-idealities of the memristor itself. STDP circuits for memristor-based synapses can be designed based on either voltage- or current-controlled mechanisms. In this paper, a novel current-controlled memristive synapse is presented with an STDP online learning circuit designed for improved reliability. This circuit specifically limits the range of operation to resistance states near the low resistance state (LRS). It utilizes this property to achieve online learning with STDP characteristics. Simulation result are provided that show STDP operation of this circuit, including demonstrations of controlled operation using the more reliable switching characteristics of near-LRS resistance states.


Objective To develop a method to determine total hardness in drinking water.Methods Solid reagent was used to determine total hardness for drinking water.Results The relative standard deviation was 0.76%-1.36%,the recovery rate ranged from 95.8% to 101.2%,the detection limit was 1 mg/L.Conclusion The method is rapid,sensitive and accurate.


Clusters of fine, granular microcalcifications in mammograms may be an early sign of disease. Individual grains are difficult to detect and segment due to size and shape variability and because the background mammogram texture is inhomogeneous. We present a two-stage method based on wavelet transforms for detecting and segmenting calcifications. The first stage consists of a full resolution wavelet transform, which is simply the conventional filter bank implementation without downsampling, so that all sub-bands remain at full size. Four octaves are computed with two inter-octave voices for finer scale resolution. By appropriate selection of the wavelet basis the detection of microcalcifications in the relevant size range can be nearly optimized in the details sub-bands. Detected pixel sites in the LH, HL, and HH sub-bands are heavily weighted before computing the inverse wavelet transform. The LL component is omitted since gross spatial variations are of little interest. Individual microcalcifications are often greatly enhanced in the output image, to the point where straightforward thresholding can be applied to segment them. FROC curves are computed from tests using a well-known database of digitized mammograms. A true positive fraction of 85% is achieved at 0.5 false positives per image.<<ETX>>


The effects of mechanical alloying on the microstructure of binary and ternary powder mixtures with stoichiometric compositions of Mg2Ni and Mg2Ni0.75Nb0.25 were studied, respectively. Also, the electrode properties of the milled products were investigated in 6M KOH solution. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy of the milled products showed the formation of Mg2Ni-based nanocrystallites after 15 and 10h of milling using the initial binary and ternary mixtures, respectively. It was found that partial substitution of Nb for Ni has beneficial effect on the formation kinetic of nanocrystalline Mg2Ni. Longer milling times resulted in the formation of an amorphous phase. A relatively high discharge capacity of 350mAhg-1 was measured for the electrode made up of the ternary milled product after 20h. Also, the ternary milled product showed longer discharge life. This ternary electrode showed a microstructure consisting of Mg2Ni nanocrystallites and an amorphous phase. Nb substitution for Ni was found to be beneficial to electrode properties of the milled products.


The material class of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites has risen rapidly from a virtually unknown material in photovoltaic applications a short 7 years ago into an ∼20% efficient thin-film solar cell material. As promising as this class of materials is, however, there are limitations associated with its poor long-term stability, nonoptimal band gap, presence of environmentally toxic Pb element, etc. We herein apply a functionality-directed theoretical materials selection approach as a filter for initial screening of the compounds that satisfy the desired intrinsic photovoltaic functionalities and might overcome the above limitations. First-principles calculations are employed to systemically study thermodynamic stability and photovoltaic-related properties of hundreds of candidate hybrid perovskites. We have identified in this materials selection process 14 Ge- and Sn-based materials with potential superior bulk-material-intrinsic photovoltaic performance. A distinct class of compounds containing NH3C...


Objective To analyze the correlation of serological markers of liver fibrosis and liver biopsy stage in patients with chronic liver disease. Methods The liver puncture specimens and detection of serological fibrosis markers P Ⅲ P, Ⅳ-C, HA, LN level data of 74 cases of patients with chronic hepatitis from June 2010 to June 2012 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results PⅢ P, IV-C, HA, LN and pathological stage, grade of 74 patients showed a good positive correlation, and positive correlation with pathological stage was more obvious than grading. The rank-sum test results between different stages, grading of chronic hepatitis B patients with liver histological fibrosis and HA, LN, P Ⅲ P, Ⅳ-C four serum fibrosis markers showed that, with the severity of hepatic fibrosis, the value had the trend of gradually increase, the differences of these indicators were all statistically significant (P 0.05 or P 0.01). Conclusion Four liver fibrosis indicators detection can better reflect the development of liver fibrosis predict cirrhosis combined transhepatic and other detection can improve the accuracy of diagnosis.


An actual task of quantum communications over long distances is the creation of a bright source of photon pairs operating at standard wavelengths of fiber optic communication lines. In this work, we experimentally investigated the spectral and correlation characteristics of photon pairs generated on the phenomenon of spontaneous four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear photonic-crystal fiber with a wavelength of one of the photons near 1.5 μm. The demonstrated source can be used as an efficient single photon generator at a telecommunications wavelength with prediction and tuning over a wide spectral range.


In order to grow and develop, insects must undergo a process of molting, wherein the old cuticle is replaced with a new one. A thin envelope layer has been predicted to act as a physical barrier between molting fluid chitinases and the site of new chitin synthesis ensuring selective protection of newly synthesized chitin. The factors that help the new exoskeleton withstand the deleterious effects of chitinolytic enzymes remain poorly understood. In the current study a mechanistic role for two proteins, Knickkopf (Knk) and Retroactive (Rtv), was explored in organization and protection of the newly synthesized procuticular chitin. Our study demonstrated colocalization of molting fluid chitinases (chitinase-5) with chitin in T. castaneum pharate adult elytral cuticle. Presence of chitinases in the new cuticle, disproved the old theory of the envelope being a protective barrier against chitinases. Confocal and transmission electron microscopic imaging of T. castaneum pharate adult elytral cuticle suggested that Knk protein selectively colocalizes with chitin in the new procuticle, organizes chitin into laminae and protects it from the activity of molting fluid chitinases. Down-regulation of Knk expression resulted in reduction of procuticular chitin, disruption of the laminar architecture of the procuticle and severe molting defects that are ultimately lethal at all stages of insect growth. The presence and activity of Rtv protein ensures the trafficking of Knk into the procuticle. Down regulation of Rtv transcripts showed molting defects and a significant decrease in chitin content similar to those following Knk dsRNA treatment. Confocal microscopic analysis revealed an essential role for Rtv in proper trafficking of Knk from epithelial cells to within the newly synthesized procuticule. Once released into the procuticle, Knk organizes and protects chitin from chitinases. The conservation of Knk and Rtv in all insect species suggests a critical role for these proteins in maintenance and protection of chitin in the insect exoskeleton. THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF KNICKKOPF AND RETROACTIVE PROTEINS IN ORGANIZATION AND PROTECTION OF CHITIN IN THE NEWLY SYNTHESIZED INSECT EXOSKELETON


The present article deals with the uses of lichens in the world, the species of lichens, which are collected and traded from the northern part of India. The method of its collection, trade and marketing is being discussed along with their various uses in perfumery, as an ingredient in the spices and condiments, in the traditional systems of medicines, e.g., Unani and Ayurveda, in curing of tobacco and as an ingredient in "Havan Samigri". The rst description of Indian lichens given by Chopra et. al., (1958) is also being reviewed with their botanical names, chemical constituents, and lastly characterization of lichens collected, traded and marketed from Uttarakhand.


Commentary on : Smith RJ, Rhodes K, Paciotti B, et al. Patient perspectives of acute pain management in the era of the opioid epidemic. Ann Emerg Med 2015;66:246–52.e1.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3]

Emergency department (ED) providers are frequently faced with the dilemma of providing adequate pain relief while preventing the potential harms of opioids. In light of the increasing number of deaths related to opioid overdose, many different strategies are being promoted to curb opioid abuse and dependence. However, little is known about the patient's perspective on pain management strategies and the risk of opioid abuse and dependence. In …

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This article proposes a third-party verification of e-business system by using formal verification,especially model checking. The method and applying procedure for auditors to choose model checker are presented,a verification example is analyzed so as to illustrate the feasibility and completeness of the e-business assurance technique based on model-checking.


A. P., male, aged 34. History.-Right eye said to have been blind since infancy. First available notes date back to 1918. Right eye then had.no perception of light; tension + 3. Lens opaque, and the present external condition was observed. Vision.-Right: no perception of light; tension + 3. Left: 6, tension normal. Navus of sclerotic and conjunctiva of right eye very large, involving practically whole of right half of face; thickening of all the tissues including right half of lips and buccal mucosa. No buphthalmos. Left eye, normal. The patient also has a large naevus on the midline of the back. Diagnosis.-Probable nevus of choroid.


A key mechanism that allows eukaryotic cells to survive nutrient starvation is the catabolic process known as autophagy. ULK1/Atg1 is that the only serine/threonine kinase within the core autophagy pathway and thus represents a superb drug target. The role of ULK1/Atg1 kinase in autophagy activation is well established and projected as a crucial rug target for various diseases. This work aimed to identify the gene function and identify suitable, high affinity small molecule inhibitor against ULK1/ Atg1 using pharmacophore modeling and simulations studies. Method & Results: In this study, predict the functions of gene and pathway analysis and gene lists using Cytoscape plug-in (GeneMANIA) gene network analysis were carried out. From the gene network analysis we identified genes that were co-expressed and showed genetic and physical interactions. Three pharmacophore were produced and validated using enrichment factor calculation from the available ULK1 cocrystal structures. The authenticated e-pharmacophore hypothesis (ADDRR) was sent for presenting the various commercial chemical substances like ZINC, CoCoCo and Enamine, which then yielded 10,415 hit compounds. These compounds (pharmacophore fitness above 1.0 Å) were further analyzed using structure-based docking in hierarchical filtering approaches of Glide such as HTVS( high-throughput virtual screening), SP (standard precision) and XP (extra precision) precision modes. The docking results show that binding orientations of the inhibitors at site aminoalkanoic acid residues of serine threonine protein kinase (ULK1). Results from glide XP docking and induced fit docking showed that four leads (lead1, lead2, lead3 and lead4) have good interactions with the target protein


Based on the superiority of web services technology and the difficulty in share of the crop simulation models, the author brings forward an integrated system framework established on the basis of web services and GIS. The author also accomplished the web service to simulate crop yield and developed a system under the framework successfully, which has been applied into the Yangou basin in China. The practice shows that it is feasible to put the web services into the use of crop simulation, which is in favor of system integration and share of the crop models for the whole society.


In modern time, Humankind has not been content with the achievements of high and new technology any more. Otherwise, they cautiously hope ethics to eliminate the bad effects of hitech. By showing the worrying problems hidden in the high and new technology, the essay points out that those problems will shock the traditional ethics violently. Furthermore, the author puts forward that changes of ethics scale should take place to respond to the challenges, and that of the visual angle of modern time toward modern technology should be grasped by us in order to seek the significance of human nature in hitech time.


In Brazil the numbers of malaria are cause for concern, especially in the "Legal Amazon" region, where climatic conditions favor the development of the mosquito transmitter. One of the regions with a high infection rate is the Juruá valley. The breeding of the vectors are not well characterized, as well as species of mosquitoes present in each one. In the present work, five types of breeding-sites: excavations, fish-farm tanks, reservoirs, lagoons and creeks were identified and a total of 10 species of Anopheles collected. The highest abundance was of An. peryassui (31%), An. triannulatus (28.3%) and An. darlingi (22.5%).


Abstract
The UK food chain was responsible for 18% of the total UK energy use and produced 32% of the country's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2011. The holistic food chain is estimated to produce around 15Mt of post-farm gate


Peptide-HLA (pHLA)- targeting therapeutics, such as T cell receptor-engineered T cells (TCR-T), have had clinical success in treating solid tumors. However, challenges related to safety exist: major concerns remain surrounding the cross-reactivity of T cell receptors (TCRs) as well as the ability of therapeutics to discriminate between on-target vs off-target pHLAs while maintaining high potency. Therefore, approaches that survey the diversity of the T cell repertoire to discover optimal TCRs, as well as platforms to comprehensively identify potential off-target liabilities, are critical to de-risking and accelerating the development of this promising class of pHLA-targeting therapeutics. We have developed a strategy that (1) queries the TCR repertoire to enrich and identify multiple active, sequence-distinct endogenous TCRs; (2) uses 3T-TRACE, a high-diversity pHLA library, to screen for cross-reactivity; and (3) exploits functional selections to simultaneously optimize for TCR potency and specificity. We applied this approach to identify TCRs of optimal specificity and potency targeting a peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 (SLLMWITQC) displayed by HLA-A2. We profiled 6 sequence-distinct TCRs using 3T-TRACE and validated potential endogenous off-target cross-reactivities. Many of the identified off-targets exhibited little to no sequence homology to the NY-ESO-1 epitope, highlighting the importance of diverse combinatorial libraries in identifying unexpected cross-reactivities. Leveraging the off-target liabilities identified by 3T-TRACE, we designed a functional library and selection scheme that enabled the identification of TCRs with increased potency and specificity. Optimized TCRs exhibited enhanced killing activity and improved safety against an NY-ESO-1-expressing melanoma cell line compared to benchmark TCRs, indicating that this approach has potential to improve clinical safety and efficacy. Using this multi-faceted and comprehensive approach we rapidly identified highly potent and specific TCRs against NY-ESO-1. Identifying cross-reactivities using 3T-TRACE proved to be critical in selecting TCRs suitable for engineering and functional selections. This approach can be extended to any pHLA target to create safe and effective TCR-Ts for clinical development.
 Citation Format: John D. Leonard, Alejandro Ramirez, Jason Romero, Jake Kleiner, Joanna Dreux, Bindu Hegde, Bryan Xie, Akshay Sharathchandra, Nathan Katz, Venita I. DeAlmeida, Hans-Peter Gerber, Marvin H. Gee, Leah V. Sibener. A functional approach to identifying and engineering TCRs results in highly-potent and specific TCRs for TCR-T cell therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 578.


To each representation of the elliptic quantum group Eτ,η(sl2) is associated a family of commuting transfer matrices. We give common eigenvectors by a version of the algebraic Bethe ansatz method. Special cases of this construction give eigenvectors for IRF models, for the eight-vertex model and for the two-body Ruijsenaars operator. The latter is a q-deformation of Hermite's solution of the Lamé equation.


Although using some of the same organizational and financial factors examined by prior researchers to build and test models that explain factors influencing change in the general fund unreserved balance for smaller, rural, and less affluent counties in Mississippi, the rationale of this study is to build additional support that applying the recommended 5–15 percent savings benchmark across all jurisdictions is not a sufficient guide. Overall, Mississippi counties maintain unreserved fund balances ranging from a negative balance to over one hundred percent of their current expenditures. Counties also increase reserves during times of relative resource abundance and decrease them during relative resource scarcity. Moreover, they tend to address short-term needs and resident demands when revenues are plentiful. During relative resource scarcity, however, they are more cost-conscious and focus on maintaining rather than expanding current expenditures. This research shows that counties using the Beat system, a political form of government, are more likely to behave more frugally than counties using a Unit system, an administrative form of government.


Based on Mubarakzyanov's classification of four-dimensional real Lie algebras, we classify ten-dimensional Exceptional Drinfeld algebras (EDA). The classification is restricted to EDA's whose maximal isotropic (geometric) subalgebras cannot be represented as a product of a 3D Lie algebra and a 1D abelian factor. We collect the obtained algebras into families depending on the dualities found between them. Despite algebras related by a generalized Yang-Baxter deformation we find two algebras related by a different Nambu-Lie U-duality transformation. We show that this duality relates two Type IIA backgrounds.


In northern Algeria two phases of stream aggradation followed the marine transgression of the Last Interglacial. They are now represented by terraces. The first, which was locally preceded by the deposition of tufa by springs, coincided with the marine regression of the Last Glaciation. It embraces Anderson's Mazouna stage and the coastal 'couches rouges ateriennes' of French authors. The second, Anderson's Chelif stage, is post-Roman. Although the late Quatemary deposits of northern Algeria (fig. ia) kave been the subject of numerous studies,I a scheme which correlates the various continental and littoral deposits is needed. This paper puts forward a chronology for the period following the Last Interglacial. It is based on observations made in the valleys shown in fig. IB during November and December I963. River terraces have been found a less rewarding subject of study in Algeria than marine beaches (Alimen I955: 29-3I); according to Balout (I95S: 26, 30, S8, 209) they have little chronological value and are only of local significance. Nonetheless attempts have been made to establish terrace chronologies for parts of the country (see table i).


This article believes that Shakespeare idea of women in his comedies,by the analysis of men's choosing his love,women's self of being a female in their own eyes and the recurrence of the imageries of "castration",is the reflection of the then social ideology and somewhat homogeneous with the rising bourgeois's humanism that grew out of it.Being grown out and with the development of the capitalism,this concept is in great favor of capitalism and logo-centrism.But on the contrary,it,from the humanists 's consideration of human beings,is against the harmonious development of human nature and society.Therefore,if we say Shakespeare's concept of being women has achieved some breakthrough,that can be only restricted within and consented by the patriarchy.


"Balzac disait que les celibataires remplacent les sentiments par les habitudes. De meme, les professeurs remplacent les decouvertes par des lecons. Contre cette indolence intellectuelle qui nous prive peu a peu de notre sens des nouveautes spirituelles, l'enseignement des decouvertes le long de l'histoire scientifique est d'un grand secours. Pour apprendre aux eleves a inventer, il est bon de leur donner le sentiment qu'ils auraient pu decouvrir."
First year university courses in Physics, as we led them over years, do not seem to work out anymore [2]. Starting from this observation, we propose a reaction consisting in the rewriting and enrichment of these courses oriented by the idea of introducing the students to the original sense and motivation of their contents. As an example, we will present the structure of a course of basic geometrical optics focused on the essential part of the usual formal contents of geometrical optics, but which gives priority to discovery, self-investment and reflection. An ambitious objective that we try to get closer to by a structural interaction between the classic formalism of physics and fundamental questions arising from history of sciences.


According to the demographic tendencies of the last decade the growth of population in the EU is mostly influenced by migration processes. Recently some publications have appeared dealing with the problems of the migration process and deviation from the demographic balance emphasizing some demographic development contravention. Considering that today's developed countries face with a new demographic problem – ageing of society as well as a higher living standard which determined unexplained phenomenon – decreasing birthrate, migration phenomenon can be analysed as the inevitable element of demographic changes because from the demographic aspect birthrate only increases population number whereas death rate only decreases it, consequently, migration will increase or will decrease population number in a particular place depending on the factors influencing it.


The CLIMATE (CLInical MAnagement and Treatment Environment) clinical help system is a pre-release component of what will be an integrated Information System, based on the World Health Organization's Primary Health Care version of ICD-10. It was written by Professor Gavin Andrews and his team at the Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety Disorders, Darlinghurst, NSW Australia, and presented as a "multi-faceted system that will facilitate


Geological and geochemical contrastive study of granitoids from Anhui Province shows that granitic magma for the Jiangnan(South Yangtze River) uplifted area might be derived from the middle lower crust and intermediate magma for the Tongling Anqing upwlifted downwarping transition region and the Luzong volcanic basin was derived from the middle lower part of the lower crust and partly shows crust mantle magma. Magmatism in this area happened during the Mesozoic and shows no direct relationships with the Indosinian continent continent collusion but related to post Indosinian rifting.


Characterization of landfill leachate from Taman Beringin landfill, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia was carried out immediately after sample collection. Subsequently, it was treated using alum, ferric chloride (FeCl₃), Fenton's reagent and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) individually. Raw leachate contained COD (5400 mg/L), BOD (1900 mg/L), NH₃-N (3500 mg/L), sulphide (68 mg/L), chloride (260 mg/L) and heavy metals such as Pb (3.38 mg/L), Cu (0048 mg/L), Zn (4.5 mg/L) and Fe (35.8 mg/L). All these parameters were above the EQA 1974 (Standard A and B) limit. At optimal ratio of 1:6 (Fe to H₂O₂), with rapid and slow mixing at 100 - 120 rpm and 30 - 40 rpm, respectively Fenton's reagent was able to reduce about 62% of COD, 58% of BOD, 65% of NH₃-N, 100% of Pb, Cu and Zn, 95% of Al and 82% of Fe. PAC, also at optimal concentration of 0.4g/500 ml, and at pH of 7 with rapid and slow mixing at 100 - 120 rpm and 30 - 40 rpm, was capable of reducing COD and BOD by 59% and 55% respectively. The reduction of NH₃-N, Pb, Al, Fe, Cu and Zn ranged from 51% to 100%. At the optimum concentration of 5g/500ml, alum was capable of reducing about 53% of COD, 49% of BOD, 63% of NH₃-N, 99% of Pb, 100% of Cu, 91% of Al, 100% of Zn and 81% of Fe. Finally, FeCl₃, at optimum concentration, pH and mixing speed, reduced COD by 38% while BOD was reduced by 42%. The reduction of NH₃-N, Pb, Al, Zn and Fe ranged from 41 % to 85%. Fenton's reagent was most effective in reducing most of the above parameters compared to PAC, alum and FeCl₃. Some parameters such as COD, BOD, NH₃-N, Al and Fe still exceeded the EQA 1974 (Standard A and B), although Fenton's reagent was able to reduce Pb, Cu and Zn to below the EQA Standard.
Affiliation:


Hyphantria cunea Drury larvae (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) were reared on either black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrh., (the standard) or one of the following test species: pin cherry, Prunus pennsylvanica L., white ash, Fraxinus americana L., American elm, Ulmus americanum L., or shagbark hickory, Carya ovata (Mill.). In choice tests, black cherry-reared 5th instars showed no preference for black cherry over pin cherry or shagbark hickory, but showed a significant preference for black cherry over elm and ash.

In each experiment, larval food preferences were induced on the test plant. This supports the theory that polyphagous insects are inducible.


A bis-fused π-electron donor incorporating a pyran-4-ylidene moiety, 2-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-5-(pyran-4-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene (PDT−TTP, 1a), and its derivatives (1b−d) have been synthesized. The cyclic voltammograms of PDT−TTPs are composed of three pairs of redox waves. Comparison of the first oxidation potentials (E1) suggests PDT−TTP (+0.42 V vs SCE in benzonitrile) is a weaker donor than TTF (+0.35 V). The present donors have produced a large number of highly conducting (σrt = 100−102 S cm-1) molecular complexes. Among them, conducting salts based on the ET−PDT (1d) are metallic down to liquid helium temperature. The metallic PF6- salt of ET−PDT has a composition of (ET−PDT)4PF6(cn), where cn is 1-chloronaphthalene, in which two crystallographically independent ET−PDT molecules A and B form a face-to-face stack with a four-folded period as A'ABB'. In the present salt, the head-to-tail overlap of the unsymmetrical π-electron framework of PDT−TTP prevents an effective intrastack overlap ...


Post-tuberculosis (post-TB) lung disease is a complex interplay between organism, host, and environmental factors, and it affects long-term respiratory health. It associates with underlying processes such as inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress. Decades of research has demonstrated melatonin as a potent anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and vasodilatory agent. These effects have been observed in numerous experimental and clinical models of lung diseases. Moreover, melatonin has significant anti-microbial activity, which has also been observed in the context of TB bacterial growth. It is worth pointing out that these effects of melatonin are a reminder of the pathologic processes that underpin post-TB lung disease. Based on the intriguing evidence presented and discussed in this paper, melatonin could be considered a safe, affordable, and adjunct therapy against post-TB lung disease. Melatonin may provide health benefits in this context, mediated via its anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, vasodilatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.


Weak texture remote sensing image (WTRSI) has characteristics such as low reflectivity, high similarity of neighbouring pixels and insignificant differences between regions. These factors cause difficulties in feature extraction and description, which lead to unsuccessful matching. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel hybrid‐domain features and adaptive description (HFAD) approach to perform WTRSI matching. This approach mainly provides two contributions: (1) a new feature extractor that combines both the spatial domain scale space and the frequency domain scale space is established, where a weighted least square filter combined with a phase consistency filter is used to establish the frequency domain scale space; and (2) a new log‐polar descriptor of adaptive neighbourhood (LDAN) is established, where the neighbourhood window size of each descriptor is calculated according to the log‐normalised intensity value of feature points. This article prepares some remote sensing images under weak texture scenes which include deserts, dense forests, waters, ice and snow, and shadows. The data set contains 50 typical image pairs, on which the proposed HFAD was demonstrated and compared with state‐of‐the‐art matching algorithms (RIFT, HOWP, KAZE, POS‐SIFT and SIFT). The statistical results of the comparative experiment show that the HFAD can achieve the accuracy of matching within two pixels and confirm that the proposed algorithm is robust and effective.


The 227 papers are grouped as follows: Chapter 1: Materials, Technologies for Processing and Chemical Engineering Chapter 2: Researching and Designing of Machines and Technological Equipment Chapter 3: Measurements, Mechatronics, Control and Automation Chapter 4: Communication, Information Technologies and Computational Algorithms.


Purpose. To determine the main parameters of economic efficiency of the use of inactivated baker's yeast as a biologically active additive in the diet of early juveniles of Russian sturgeon. Methodology. The calculations were carried out according to generally accepted methods for economic studies. For economic analysis, we used the actual parameters of economic activity in current industrial aquaculture of Ukraine with the use of RAS, as well as prices for 2015 ‐ 2016 on relevant materials, products and means of production. Findings. The economic efficiency of introducing 5% and 15% (by weight of the main feed) inactivated baker's yeast into the diet of early juvenile Russian sturgeon grown in the RAS has been established. These concentrations allow achieving more than 70% profitability and reducing the prime cost of one fish to 1.72 ‐ 1.74 UAH, thereby ensuring high, as compared with other options for feeding, parameters as net (372.96 UAH and 366.86 UAH ) and attributable profit (873.0 UAH and 876.0 UAH). Originality. For the first time, the parameters of economic efficiency of introducing 4 (5%, 10%, 15%, 40% of the weight of the main feed) concentrations of inactivated baker's yeast into the diet of juvenile Russian sturgeon for 28 days, from 25 to 53 days after hatching were analyzed. Practical Value. The study results have both theoretical and practical importance and can be used in further studies aimed at optimizing the cultivation of juvenile sturgeons in RAS and adjusting existing feeding schemes on fish farms.


he photoluminescence spectra of porous Si have been studied. Its timere-solved luminescence spectra show a red shift of luminescencc peak with increasingdelay time after exciting and a nonexponential decay. Several spectral bands withdifferent Gaussian center appear by means of the decomposition of a spetrum. Theresuits of our experiments show quantum confined characters in porous Si, and wespeculate that the short wavelength band at 465 nm is the direct band froni P_(15) toP_(25)


Summary form only given, as follows. Coil design and gas flow patterns determine spatial uniformity of plasma and its composition in inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactors for semiconductor manufacturing. Attempts of 3D ICP simulations have been reported over the last few years, however these simulations have remained a difficult and time-consuming task. We have performed 3D simulations of an industrial ICP reactor (Panasonic Pantheon E800 Dry Etcher) using a filament model to set up complicated multi-spiral RF coil and gas injectors.


The absorption performances of two kinds of activated carbons for dark colored compounds from pear juice were investigated.The kinetics of adsorption was studied at different activated carbon concentrations for the temperature range of 15~60 ℃ ,and dark colored compounds (A420),soluble solids content and pH value were analyzed.The results showed that for equilibrium adsorption curves,the adsorption data fitted well to Freundlich models,but not fitted Langmuir models,which indicated that it may be polymolecular layer absorption.The adsorption treatment improved A420,and pH value decreased while soluble solids kept unchange.


Firstly,the mineral composition of mica-quartz schist samples is determined through visual measurement by polarizing microscope and energy spectrum analysis. The mineral composition of mica-quartz schist is divided into three parts such as hard part,soft part,and defects such as voids and cracks. For these three parts,the hard part is the force skeleton,the other two parts fill in it. Quartz is the hard part,white mica is the soft part in the mica-quartz schist sample. Secondly,in order to study the microstructure changes of mica-quartz schist during triaxial creep process,the polarizing microscope tests and electronic microscope scanning tests are conducted to observe the radial slices and axial slices of mica-quartz schist for three triaxial creep stages,which are no force stage,the upcoming accelerated creep stage and damage stage. According to the test results,the microstructure changes of mica-quartz schist are divided into four kinds,which are closure of open crack,position adjustment of hard part,position adjustment of soft part and micro-damage. At the same time,the micro-damage style of white mica and quartz are summarized separately. Thirdly,through analyzing the reasons for microstructure changes of mica-quartz schist,the creep mechanism is interpreted. It is observed that in different stress levels,and through different loading time of the same stress level,several microstructure changes of above-mentioned four changes of mica-quartz schist will generate,therefore there show attenuation creep stage,constant creep stage and accelerated creep stage,respectively. Lastly,three characteristics of this triaxial creep mechanism for mica-quartz schist based on microscope test are summarized.


The author reports some empirical results on the strength of the quality-price relation. For many products, the relation between quality and price appears to be very weak; hence, for many products, higher prices appear to be poor signals of higher quality.


Abstract The author explores the concept of a tableau, a term used to describe the evolving crime scene that is sometimes discovered in the investigation of serial killers. This tableau is considered as a complex architectonic symbol of the killer'S traumatized past. Elements found in the tableau are described. The author illustrates the discussion with a case example of a sadomasochistic young man whose fantasies follow the dictates of a dehumanizing principle.