Electrification of road transport is a major step to solve the air quality problem and general environmental impact caused by the still widespread use of fossil fuels. At the same time, energy efficiency in the transport sector must be improved as a steppingstone towards a more sustainable future. Multiple waste heat recovery technologies are being investigated for low-temperature waste heat recovery. One of the technologies that is being considered for vehicle application is the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). In this paper, the potential of ORC is discussed in detail for hybrid vehicle application. The modelling and testing of multiple systems such as the hybrid vehicle, engine, and ORC waste heat recovery are performed using the computational approach in GT-SUITE software environment correlated against available engine data. It was found that the maximum cycle efficiency achieved from the ORC system was 5.4% with 2.02 kW of delivered power recovered from the waste heat available. This led to 1.0% and 1.2% of fuel economy improvement in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) driving cycle test, respectively. From the driving cycle analysis, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) and ORC are operative in a different part of the driving cycle. This is because the entire propulsion power is provided by the HEV system, resulting in less engine operation in some part of the cycle for the ORC system to function. Apart from that, a brief economic analysis of ORC Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) is also performed in this paper and a comparative analysis is carried out for different waste heat recovery technologies for hybrid vehicle application.


Cyber-physical systems such as robots and intelligent transportation systems are heavy producers and consumers of trajectory data. Making sense of this data and putting it to good use is essential ...


A pseudo-field theoretic reformulation of the Newton–Euler dynamics of isolated, gravitating fluids is given. The basic equations of that theory are shown to be regular limits of Einstein's gravitational field equation. It is reviewed how the equations of motion for mass points can be obtained as approximations from those for extended bodies without use of a regularisation to remove infinities. Finally Einstein's (1916–1918) approximation method is revived; its similarity to Newtonian theory suggests the possibility of avoiding infinities also in General Relativity.


1. The release solution as a coating, consisting of a solvent system and anti-adhesive curable composition dissolved in a solvent system, wherein the release curable composition comprises: (a) an ethylenically unsaturated ftororganopolisiloksanovy polymer; (b) non-fluorinated organopolysiloxane polymer having on average at least two ethylenically unsaturated organic group; (c) a hydrosilylation catalyst, and (d) at least one curing agent selected from the group consisting of: (i) ftororganovodorodpolisiloksana, and (ii) orga ovodorodpolisiloksana.2. The release coating solution as in claim 1, characterized in that the non-fluorinated organopolysiloxane polymer comprises a vinyl equivalent weight of less than 60,000 grams per ekvivalent.3. Antiadhesive solution as a coating according to claim 2, characterized in that the non-fluorinated organopolysiloxane polymer comprises a vinyl equivalent weight of from 2000 to 5000 grams per ekvivalent.4. The release coating solution as in claim 1, characterized in that the ethylenically unsaturated ftororganopolisiloksanovy polymer contains, on average, at least two ethylenically unsaturated organic gruppy.5. The release coating solution as in claim 1, characterized in that the polymer comprises a siloxane ftororganopolisiloksanovy base and side macromolecule chain C1 to C6 perfluoroalkyl groups bonded to the substrate via a binder gruppy.6. The release coating solution as in claim 5, characterized in that the linking group is an alkylene group having at least two ugleroda.7 atom. Antiadhesive solution as a coating according to claim 5, characterized in that h


This article reports synthesis, design, and luminescent properties of a series of structurally interesting coordination frameworks prepared from a modified purine ligand, 3-(2-amino-9H-purin-9-yl) propanoic acid (L). Corresponding transition metal complexes reported in this study were unambiguously characterized by X-ray crystallography to reveal an array of diverse crystallographic signatures reflecting crystal design around varying coordination geometries of a central metal ion. While silver complex 1 [C16H18Ag2N10O5] affords formation of coordination framework with embedded dimeric, tetrameric, and pentameric metallacycles, corresponding copper complexation results in a discrete dimer 2 [C32H46Cl2Cu2N20O14]. Changing the counteranion from strongly coordinating chloride ion to weakly coordinating perchlorate anion resulted in the formation of a 1D coordination polymer 3 [C18H26Cl2CuN10O14]. Cobalt complexes 4 [C16H32CoN10O12] and 5 [C16H30CoN12O16] yielded 2D grid-type assembly and a discrete dimer, res...


Objective –  The pathogenesis of isolated pontine infarctions is still unclear, being attributed both to small or large vessel disease. The extension of infarcted tissue to the pons surface has been indicated as a possible marker of basilar branch atheromatous disease and some neuroimaging evidence confirms this finding.


We present a design of the broad band telescope with the angular resolution booster. A concept of the Xray imaging system with high angular-resolution and moderate sensitivity was presented by Maeda et al. (submitted). In the concept, a two-dimensional detector, i.e., imager, is put at a slightly defocused position of the focusing mirror, rather than right at the mirror focus as in the standard optics. The detector at the off-focus captures the microcosm of front mask-slits that are placed on the front of the mirror. The masks work as a modulation collimator and boost the angular resolution of the focusing telescope. The major advantage of this concept is that a much better angular resolution by an order of 2–3 or more than in the conventional optics is achievable, while a high throughput (large effective area) is maintained. We therefore present an example of a booster for a broad-band telescope. Using the technique of the Pt/C depth-graded supermirror, the broadband coverage up to 80 keV is discussed.


Simple Summary The formation of multinucleated cells is critical for mature osteoclast generation. For this to happen, mononuclear pre-osteoclasts migrate in proximity to other pre-osteoclasts to fuse together. This finely regulated process is dependent on the "feeling" and "recognition" between neighboring cells. In this study, we focused on pre-osteoclast fusion timing and behavior, and highlighted changes in morphological and cytoskeletal organization during 4 days of osteoclast differentiation. For the first time, interesting cellular extensions have been described, with the presumed function to serve as migration mediators. The sub-cellular localization of key proteins correlated with the osteoclast maturation timing. In particular, for the first time, a relationship of mutual exclusion from the nuclei has been shown between two mitogen activated protein kinases and a master transcription factor. The different trends in the expression of some genes involved in the osteoclast fusion process were related to osteoclast differentiation timing. Although further investigation is needed, we are confident that this study will contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms regulating the initial processes of osteoclastogenesis, including migration and fusion, which in turn are of fundamental importance for the management of many bone-related diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteopetrosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Abstract The development of multi-nucleated cells is critical for osteoclasts (OCs) maturation and function. Our objective was to extend knowledge on osteoclastogenesis, focusing on pre-OC fusion timing and behavior. RAW 264.7 cells, which is a murine monocyte-macrophage cell line, provide a valuable and widely used tool for in vitro studies on osteoclastogenesis mechanisms. Cells were treated with the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) for 1–4 days and effects on cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, protein distribution, and OC-specific gene expression examined by TEM, immunofluorescence, and qPCR. Multinucleated cells began to appear at two days of Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κ-B Ligand (RANKL) stimulation, increasing in number and size in the following days, associated with morphological and cytoskeletal organization changes. Interesting cellular extensions were observed in three days within cells labeled with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The membrane, cytoplasmic, or nuclear distribution of RANK, TRAF6, p-p38, pERK1/2, and NFATc1, respectively, was related to OCs maturation timing. The gene expression for transcription factors regulating osteoclastogenesis (NFATc1, c-fos, RelA, MITF), molecules involved in RANKL-signaling transduction (TRAF6), cytoskeleton regulation (RhoA), fusion (DC-STAMP), migration (MMP9), and OC-specific enzymes (TRAP, CtsK), showed different trends related to OC differentiation timing. Our findings provide an integrated view on the morphological and molecular changes occurring during RANKL stimulation of RAW 264.7 cells, which are important to better understand the OCs' maturation processes.


Severe plastic deformation (SPD) with deformation strain significantly larger than one is effective to strengthen metals and alloys. However, such a method will not work for Mg alloys due to their low deformability. In view of this problem, we propose a new alloy strengthening scheme of low-strain deformation, which is to introduce massive twins and stacking faults in coarse grain interior by rotary swaging (RS) at room temperature. By using this scheme, we successfully prepared an ultra-light bulk Mg-Li alloy with new strength record. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT IMPACT STATEMENT This paper explored a new strengthening way of low deformation strain for metals and alloys and successfully prepared a strongest ultra-light Mg–Li alloy by low-strain rotary swaging process.


The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating radiation pneumonitis. The traditional Chinese medicine science believes that the external reason of the radiation pneumonitis is radioactive rays which are 'fire heat and pathogenic toxin', the basic pathogenesis is deficient root and excessive superficial, and the impairment of yin, the deficiency of vital energy, the blood stasis and the heat toxicity are key points of the pathogenesis. Traditional Chinese medicines which have the effects of nourishing yin to moisten dryness, clearing away heat and toxic materials, activating blood and expelling phlegm and comprise fine-stemmed dendrobium, discolor ludisia herb, woody-rhizomed fimbristylis herb, trichosanthes root, silene conoidea, viola inconspicua, indigo naturalis, scutellaria indica, geranium wilfordii, underleaf pearl, Indian melothria root and spiral shell are decocted with water and the obtain decoction is taken by patients. The clinical tests prove that the total effective rate of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is 96.7%, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition has a good curative effect and no toxic or side effects.


One of the promising strategies to design a skill controller for robots is to observe the human worker's skill and embed it in the robot controller under certain control architecture. However, no systematic design strategies to realize this scenario have yet been developed due to the lack of a quantitative performance evaluation of the skill controller. In this brief, the switching-impedance controller is considered as the skill controller and is developed based on a comparison with human worker's demonstration. The enabling condition to switch the impedance parameter is optimized by calculating a hidden Markov model (HMM) distance which can measure the similarity between the skill of the human worker and the robot. HMM is a doubly stochastic system and is recognized as a useful tool for speech recognition. Thanks to the similarity in the stochastic characteristics between speech and skill (position/force) data, HMM is also expected to play a crucial role in skill controller design. An insertion task of deformable objects with the assistance of a vision sensor is considered in this brief. Some parameters which appear in the skill controller are optimized so as to increase the similarity with human worker's demonstration.


The redissoluble functional compound/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites are important for post processing because CNT dispersions usually easy aggregate and therefore make additional processing very difficult. Due to the outstanding electronic, photophysical and photochemical properties of porphyrin and CNT composites, the chiral nanocomposites of chiral porphyrins and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are quite promising for applications in chiral catalysis and bio-sensing. The porphyrins used for the solubilization of CNTs are usually tetra-phenyl porphyrin (TPP) analogues. However, TPP analogues do not favor the formation of π–π interactions because the aryl groups prevent the porphyrin moiety from approaching the CNT surface due to the perpendicular conformation of the porphyrin moiety and its aryl group substituents. In this paper, non-TPP type porphyrins with chiral and hydrophilic substituents, that make the porphyrins soluble in water, were synthesized. SWNTs were effectively dissolved into water by the non-TPP type chiral porphyrins, and the dissolved chiral porphyrin/SWNTs composites could be easily redissolved. Both the dissolved and redissolved SWNT solutions are very stable and did not form apparent aggregates even after being kept for six months. Spectroscopic studies show that the binding properties of the chiral porphyrins to SWNTs are different in basic and neutral solution, which should contribute to the development and understanding in the study of sensors, biosensors, and catalysts made from chiral molecule/CNT composites.


To study the reasonable design thermal loads, a steel box girder bridge specimen, which has no concrete slab, was manufactured with real size dimensions. The temperature data was obtained at the web and diaphragm using thermo gauges that were attached according to height. In the hottest day, the temperature differences between the top and bottom of the bridge model were calculated. The temperatures in the actual bridge were measured and the temperature of the bridge specimen was compared. The temperature gradient models were proposed in both the web and the diaphragm. The proposed models showed a correlation of approximately 95.8% compared to the Euro code. This study can provide basis data for temperature-load design in the nation.


The Hirota equation is an integrable higher order nonlinear Schrodinger type equation which describes the propagation of ultrashort light pulses in optical fibers. We present a standard Darboux transformation for the Hirota equation and then construct its quasideterminant solutions. The multisoliton and breather solutions of the Hirota equation are given explicitly.


The energy loss method has been applied to a large variety of transport problems in optics, solid state and fusion research. Usually, the transport equations are linearized, so they cannot deal with the multiphoton interaction in the presence of an intense laser field. In particular, not much attention has been given to collective contribution to the rates of the energy loss, stopping power and inverse Bremsstrahlung process from a quantum mechanical viewpoint. On the basis of the center of mass approach, we show the proper way to calculate the collective part of these rates. We report, for the first time in literature, some numerical calculations of these processes at resonant region for large values of the fast particle speed as compared to the electron thermal velocity (υ i /υ t ≫1).


The building environment parameterization scheme (BEP) is a built-in "urban physics" scheme in the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model. The urbanized College Park (CP) in Maryland state (MD) in the United States (US) covers an approximate land area of 14.8 km2 and has a population of 32,000 (reported by The United States Census Bureau, as of 2017). This study was an effort to validate and improve the BEP urban physics scheme for a small urban setting, College Park, MD. Comparing the WRF/BEP-simulated two-meter air temperatures with the local rooftop WeatherBug® observations and with the airport observations, systemic deficiencies in BEP for urban heat island effect simulation are evident. Specifically, WRF/BEP overestimates the two-meter air temperature by about 10 °F during clear summer nights and slightly underestimates it during noon of the same days by about 1–3 °F. Similar deficiencies in skin temperature simulations are also evident in WRF/BEP. Modification by adding an anthropogenic heat flux term resulted in better estimates for both skin and two-meter air temperatures on diurnal and seasonal scales.


The Department of Energy Office of Fissile Materials Disposition (DOE-MD) is planning a facility to disassemble pits and convert the plutonium in the pits into a form suitable for international inspection. The facility, called the Advanced Recovery and Integrated Extraction System (ARIES) Facility, must handle much of the 38.2 metric tons of plutonium declared excess to national security needs in ten years of operation. A process logic flow diagram for the ARIES Facility is presented here. This flow diagram is based on and supported by a library of fact sheets on topics that impact the design of the facility. Developing the flow diagram raised issues that significantly impact the design of the facility. These issues are discussed later in this document, and for some issues, discussed in greater detail in the appropriate fact sheets. The flow diagram is designed to show requirements that dictate the need for space and/or equipment. In physically designing the facility, the same space or equipment may be used to meet several requirements. The flow diagram merely shows the activities that need to occur to meet requirements for the facility. The flow diagram is not associated with any DOE site. The requirements shown on the flowmore » diagram may be met by an existing facilities at a given site. The flow diagram and this write up do not contain a great deal of detail on how each step in the diagram is performed. At this stage of design, the flow diagram merely identifies the need for the activity. Examples for some of the activities are given in the appropriate fact sheet. How the steps are performed becomes more defined as the design of the facility progresses.« less


THE association of eosinophilia and endomyocarditis has been well documented. A form of Loffler's endocarditis,1 characterized by eosinophilic pancarditis, muscle necrosis, and arteritis, is usually a feature of certain systemic diseases, including the hypereosinophilic syndrome,2 3 4 eosinophilic leukemia,5 polyarteritis nodosa,6 , 7 drug-induced hypersensitivity,8 bronchial asthma,9 10 11 biliary tract carcinoma,12 and parasitic disease.13 The cardiac involvement is characterized by a subacute course and symptoms of congestive heart failure. Treatment with glucocorticoids and cytotoxic agents is effective.14 Fulminant acute necrotizing eosinophilic myocarditis occurring in the absence of notable extracardiac disease has been reported only rarely.15 The disease has a short course and is rapidly fatal. . . .


As the international talent competition intensified, the cultivation of college students thinking ability has become an important content of college English education, and cultivates the ability of college students in the institutions of higher learning education occupies an important position. But in colleges and universities are not optimistic about the present situation of college students' thought ability, all kinds of problems emerge in endlessly, hindered the advance of the college students' thinking ability training. In this article, the author will start from the connotation and function of thinking, through analyzing the current situation of college English teaching ability training, build a strong feasibility of college English ability training mode.


In standard approaches, cognition is assumed to be a distinct functional module from action and interaction, on the one hand, and motivation, on the other hand. I argue that the apparent possibility of such modularization is itself a consequence of a false underlying presupposition concerning the nature of representation. An alternative model of representation is outlined, and it is shown that action and motivation emerge naturally and necessarily as aspects of one single underlying ontology of the interactive agent.


Mao Zedong's Thoughts on peasant affairs, as an important part of Mao Zedong Thoughts, further developed the theory on peasant affairs in Marxism - Leninism. With a thorough framework and scientific foundation, it touched the most critical issues,such as the role and limitations of peasants in Chinese revolution and development,how to deal with peasant affairs and so on. This framework on peasant affairs has made a great contribution to the sucesses of new - democratic revolution , socialist revolution and the development of China. And it will continue to be the guide on how to build socialistic new - village.


COMPANIES See Title companies ABT, KARL W. Sales performance reporting. Budgeting, v. 15, Nov.-Dec. 1966, p. 14-16. ACCELERATED DEPRECIATION See Depreciation, depletion and obsolescence — Accelerated ACCESSORY SHOPS See Clothing retailers Retail trade Specialty stores ACCIDENT insurance benefits hot includible in de cedent's gross estate. New York university law review, v. 40, April 1965, p. 373-6. ACCOUNT NUMBERING See also Banks and Banking — Numbering system ACCOUNTABILITY and audit of governments. Nor manton, E. L. ACCOUNTANCY LAW AND LEGISLATION Allyn, Robert G. Milestones in the history of public accounting. Woman C.P.A., v. 27, Feb. 1965, p. 9-10, 13. American institute of certified public accountants. Form of regulatory public accountancy bill ap proved by Committee on state legislation. August 1956, amended April 1958, February 1961, Nov ember 1961. New York, American institute of certified public accountants. 29p. American institute of certified public accountants. State public accounting laws. New York, Amer ican institute of certified public accountants, July 1965. 1 mimeo. page. Behling, Robert P. CPA requirements. Whitewater, Wis., Wisconsin state university—Whitewater, c1965. 171p. Carey, John L. State CPA laws. (In his CPA plans for the future. 1965. p. 463-74.) Garner, Paul. AACSB standards. (Letters) Journal of accountancy, v. 119, Jan. 1965, p. 17. Lynn, Edward S., editor. Educational requirements for the CPA certificate (as of June 1965). (Edu cation and professional training) Journal of ac countancy, v, 120, Sept. 1965, p. 85. 1965 state legislative round-up: laws affecting ac countancy. (News feature) Journal of account ancy, v. 120, Sept. 1965, p. 25. United States. Army audit agency. Provisions in CPA laws and regulations; prepared in coopera tion with the American institute of certified public accountants. Revised January 2, 1966. Washington, D.C., Government printing office, 1966. 73p. District of Columbia D.C. allows federal accounting as CPA experience requirement. (News report) Journal of accountan cy, v. 122, Nov. 1966, p. 26. Florida Florida board liberalizes rules on out-of-state prac titioners. (News report) Journal of accountancy, v. 119, June 1965, p. 18. Indiana Indiana holds public experience not requisite for CPA certificate (News report) Journal of ac countancy, v. 119, June 1965, p. 18, 20. Maryland Kruger, Morris. View of the Maryland state board of public accountancy. Maryland CPA quarterly, v. 5, June 1965, p. 1-2. Nebraska Nebraska. State board of public accountancy. Public accountancy law of 1957 as amended; annual register of practitioners of accountancy. July 1965. Lincoln, Neb., State board of public account ancy. 77p. New Mexico New Mexico. State board of public accountancy. New Mexico public accountancy act of 1947, as amended; Rules of professional conduct; Rules and regulations adopted by the board. Albuquer que, New Mexico, State board of public account ancy, December 1, 1965. 23p. New York Allyn, Robert G. Major revision in educational and experience requirements for CPA certificate. New York certified public accountant, v. 35, May 1965, p. 340-1. New York state society of certified public account ants. Public accountancy law and regulations 1965 (revised through May 1965). New York, New York state society of certified public accountants. 55p.


Image is enhanced using combination methods.Dual-platform threshold is selected for balancing the current histogram of the infrared image to enhance the overall image contrast;median filtering method is used for remove the pulse noise of the original image,and then edge is detected with Sobel edge differential operator;gray value of the edge g pixel corresponding in the histogram equalization image is processed,gray value of non-edge pixels corresponding remains unchanged,and finally pixel of the edge processed and non-edge pixel-pixel is composed.


The study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of Benson's relaxation therapy on stress among postmenopausal women. The postmenopausal period remains to be a different experience for every woman and the symptoms along with other risk factors may contribute much stress. The Benson's relaxation therapy is one of the kinds of relaxation therapy which helps in significant reduction of stress.
The conceptual framework of the study was based upon the Helping Art in Clinical Nursing Theory by Ernestine Wiedenbach in 1964. The present study was conducted at Avarampalayam, an urban area in Coimbatore. A quasi experimental one group pre test post test design was adopted and purposive sampling technique was used to select the postmenopausal women. Total number of postmenopausal women
selected for the study was 30. A pre test was administered using the modified perceived stress scale to assess the level of stress among postmenopausal women. The Benson's relaxation therapy was imparted to the postmenopausal women for 20 minutes once daily for 10 days. The post test was carried out using the same scale.
The data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that there was a significant reduction in the level of stress. Hence, it
was concluded that Benson's relaxation therapy was effective in reducing the level of stress among the postmenopausal women.


In order to accommodate the global climate change, the idea of constructing zero-carbon green buildings has become the main stream and highest standard in building design in many countries. Located in subtropical zone, Taiwan features hot and humid weather in summer. The high usage of air conditioning is the main challenge to design zero-carbon green buildings in Taiwan. However, the temperature in the middle and high mountain areas decreases as altitude increases and makes it possible to create a living environment without using air conditioning in the summer. This project analyzed weather data in the middle and high mountain areas of Taiwan. The degree hour method and weather research and forecast model were used to evaluate the demand of air conditioning in the summer based on outside air temperature. The results showed that the low air conditioning load areas are above 1000 m elevation. This project then simulated energy consumption of a two-floor building near the Sun Moon Lake, an area of low air conditioning load, to explore the feasibility of zero-carbon green buildings in Taiwan. Based on the life style of a four-member family, a simulation process was conducted to estimate energy consumption of various appliances and different life habits. This study showed that the energy consumption in the buildings can be reduced up to 70% by using three major design strategies. These strategies include selection of a low air conditioning load location, using high energy efficient appliances, and application of energy conserving habits. Followed by renewable energy evaluation, it is possible to put zero-carbon green building into practice in Taiwan.


In any context peace is vital, search adopt what has been called humanitarian slang, a perspective of "conflict sensitivity" which means that based on the analysis of it, companies wanting to collaborate in this process They must perceive as their support is very important, when the war ended.


The urban heat island (UHI) refers to the phenomenon of higher atmospheric and surface temperatures occurring in urban areas than in the surrounding rural areas. Numerous studies have shown that increased percent cover of greenspace (PLAND) can significantly decrease land surface temperatures (LST). Fewer studies, however, have investigated the effects of configuration of greenspace on LST. This thesis aims to fill this gap using oasis city Aksu, northwest China as a case study. PLAND along with two configuration metrics were used to measure the composition and configuration of greenspace. The metrics were calculated by moving window method based on a greenspace map derived from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery, and LST data were retrieved from Landsat TM thermal band. Normalized mutual information measure was employed to investigate the relationship between LST and the spatial pattern of greenspace. The results showed that PLAND was the most important predictor of LST. Configuration of greenspace also significantly affected LST. In addition, the variance of LST was largely explained by both composition and configuration of greenspace. Results from this study can expand our understanding of the relationship between LST and vegetation, and provide insights for improving urban greenspace planning and management.


With growing awareness of a circular economy, it is necessary to utilize all lignocellulose biomass components as a resource to maintain sustainability. We have selectively targeted the one-step conversion of...


Many of us in North America, Europe, and Asia are looking forward to the end of winter and the emergence of spring and renewed life. But a closer look would reveal the robust existence of life that has adapted to winter's coldness and the shorter periods of sunlight. Physiological adaptations are


The present invention relates to an apparatus for the oscillation direction or oscillation frequency so as to cause vibrations of different modes to the other modular stacking of two or more vibration generator. The first coil portion to form the electric field, and comprises a first magnetic portion which forms a constant strength magnetic field, the first coil oscillates in some electric field formed in and the first constant by the interaction of the magnetic field formed in the first-party system unit direction a first vibration generator for generating; And is arranged fixed in the vertical direction in sequence on the first vibration generator and the second coil and each having a part and the second magnetic part, cross the magnetic field formed in the electric field and the second magnetic system unit formed by the second coil at least a second vibration generator for generating vibrations in a specific direction by the action; includes, and the second vibration generator to vibrate in different modes by generating a vibration in a different direction or a different frequency from the first vibration generator the multi-mode vibration generating device for a communication terminal is provided for generating. This, according to the present invention, it is possible to maintain the mounting area of the vibration generator as it provides a device which can generate a variety of modes of vibration, without not increase the number of processes. Generating vibration, a vibration motor, a linear vibrator, the frequency, the vibration direction


PURPOSE: Provided is a method for manufacturing ice cream with japanese apricot. Therefore, the manufactured ice cream contains the components of japanese apricot and is thus excellent in its color and taste. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing ice cream with japanese apricot comprises the steps of: washing japanese apricot with water and removing water from the surface thereof; separating fruit meat and seeds; pulverizing the fruit met; inserting 30-40 wt.% of pulverized fruit meat with 10-20 wt.% of oligosaccharide and 2-8 wt.% of refined white sugar in a pot; sealing the pot and maturing it at 20-25 deg.C for 3-6 months; pulverizing the matured fruit meat; mixing the pulverized fruit meat with 1-3 wt.% of refined white sugar and boiling the mixture at 80-100 deg.C for 3-5 hours; mixing the boiled fruit meat with 40-55 wt.% of ice milk powder and freezing the mixture; and forming the frozen mixture in an ice cream cup.


The aim of this study was to identify an optimal CCS transport infrastructure for Polish energy sector in regards of selected European Commission Energy Roadmap 2050 scenario. The work covers identification of the offshore storage site location, CO 2 pipeline network design and sizing for deployment at a national scale along with CAPEX analysis. It was conducted for the worst-case scenario, wherein the power plants operate under full-load conditions. The input data for the evaluation of CO 2 flow rates (flue gas composition) were taken from the selected cogeneration plant with the maximum electric capacity of 620 MW and the results were extrapolated from these data given the power outputs of the remaining units. A graph search algorithm was employed to estimate pipeline infrastructure costs to transport 95 MT of CO 2 annually, which amount to about 612.6 M€. Additional pipeline infrastructure costs will have to be incurred after 9 years of operation of the system due to limited storage site capacity. The results show that CAPEX estimates for CO 2 pipeline infrastructure cannot be relied on natural gas infrastructure data, since both systems exhibit differences in pipe wall thickness that affects material cost.


The L3-M4,5 X-ray spectra of Ni, Cu and Zn have been measured by recording the photoelectron spectra they excited from the C 1s level of graphite. The spectra are as well resolved as those obtained with crystal spectrometers and are accompanied by X-ray satellites. For Cu and Zn these satellites are sharp and are identified as L3M4,5-M4,5M4,5:1G4 and 3F transitions. For Ni the X-ray satellites probably arise from similar transitions but are broader due to the delocalised nature of M4,5M4,5 two-hole states.


Micro-satellites in the 1-20kg range with limited onboard resources would benefit greatly from miniaturized, low power electric propulsion systems. This paper reports on a feasibility study into the scaling and application of MEMS manufacturing techniques to produce such a micro-hollow cathode thruster


Undoubtedly, plagiarism has been a global-concern, especially so, in institutions of higher-learning. Furthermore, over the past-decades, cases of student-plagiarism, in higher-education, have increased, substantially. This-issue cannot be taken, without due-consideration, and it is crucial for educators, and universities, at large, to find the best-ways, to discourage and reduce the acts of students' plagiarism. The aim of this-study, therefore, was to address plagiarism in professional-university-education from undergraduate-engineering-students' attitudinal-perspective. In particular, to ascertain how plagiarism is defined by the students; which factors, they perceive, exacerbate plagiarism; how they justify plagiarism; and severity and penalty related to the misconduct. This-paper illustrates a fraction of a larger-research on plagiarism at the School of Engineering. The study-design used a descriptive-survey-approach and a document-analysis. A designed confidential self-report-questioner was applied as the main-instrument for this-study, with the sample-size (N=25), and a response-rate (RR=84%). The tool was pre-tested to ensure its validity and reliability. The data-collection-instrument was subjected to the statistical-analysis to determine its reliability via Cronbach's alpha-coefficient, and found high inter-item consistency ( a > 0.9). The major-results of this-study revealed overall and widespread-deficiency in students' understanding of plagiarism; also more than half of the students, in the-subject-sample, were not adequately-informed about plagiarism in academic-writing; 76% of the respondents agreed, that those who say, they have never plagiarized, are lying; and also that everyone else around are plagiarizing (e.g., students, researchers, and academic-staff); 48% of the respondents agreed, that they keep on plagiarizing, because they have not been caught yet, while 33% stated, that they are tempted to plagiarize because, even if caught, the punishment (if any) will be light (the reward outweighs the risk). Several-specific-recommendations, on how to fight plagiarism, were provided, alongside with identification of areas for further-research. This-study would offer awareness to the undergraduates, lecturers, and the faculty-administrators, on the gravity of plagiarism-acts and how to avoid it, in the university. The study also will make a contribution (in its small-way) to the body of knowledge on the subject-matter. Keywords: Plagiarism, undergraduate, engineering, students.


Taxing the aviation sector at the EU level and using the resulting revenues to reduce Member States' contributions to finance the EU budget presents itself as a huge opportunity not only to decreas ...


Concanavalin-A (Con-A) gave rise to a moderate aggregation in untreated (control) Tetrahymena pyriformis GL populations. The cells pretreated (imprinted) with insulin or lectins underwent aggregation earlier and to a greater degree than the untreated control cells. Lens lectin, although of the same sugar specificity as Con-A, was considerably less active than the latter. Helix lectin and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), although of similar sugar specificity, accounted for a dissimilar extent of cell aggregation, in that Helix lectin was comparable in activity to Con-A. Pretreatment (imprinting) with insulin enhanced the aggregation inducing effect of those lectins which were capable of overlapping on the insulin receptor owing to similar specificity.


The control of an elastic robot along a reference trajectory is performed in several steps. An optimal reference path for a rigid robot is generated, taking into account any restrictions and arbitrary robot/trajectory configurations. Tracking of that path is improved by regarding the elastic influences of all links and joints. For the purpose the robot is modeled as an elastic multibody system. A control scheme is added which feeds back strain-gauge measurements at the elastic arms to damp remaining oscillations. These three stages together allow high performance control of an elastic robot, which is proven by measurements at a three-degree-of-freedom laboratory robot.<<ETX>>


ABSTRACT Recent cultural psychology findings suggest that social orientation affects neural social attention. Whereas independent cultures process people as separate from social context, interdependent cultures process people as dependent on social context. This research expands upon these findings, investigating what role culture plays in people's neural processing of social context for two relationship contexts, close and acquaintance relationships. To investigate, we had European Canadian and Japanese participants rate the emotions of center faces in face lineups while collecting ERP data. Lineups were either congruent, with all faces showing similar emotions, or incongruent, with center face emotions differing from background faces. To investigate relationship types, we framed face lineups to be in close or acquaintance relationships. We found that for acquaintances, only Japanese processed incongruent social context as meaningful, as seen through N400 incongruity effects. Contrasting with these patterns, only European Canadians showed N400 incongruity effects for close relationships. These patterns were seen whether or not the two groups noticed the emotional conflict, as seen by N2 incongruity effects. Finally, we found that social orientation was differentially related to the neural incongruity effects for the two relationships. These findings further elucidate the nuances of how culture affects neural social attention.


In view of the problem that reduces the query efficiency since sequence-based algorithm of uncertain XML twig pattern matching PrTRIM( Probabilistic TRee Indexing and Matching) needs two stages of subsequence matching and structure matching. H-PrTRIM( Holistic Probabilistic TRee Indexing and Matching) algorithm based on PrTRIM algorithm is thus proposed. It merges subsequence matching and structure matching that in PrTRIM algorithm into one and carries out subsequence matching and structure matching at the same time in H-PrTRIM algorithm.Hence the result of subsequence matching is the final result of query. The problem that reduces the query efficiency since too much intermediate results of subsequence matching is solved. The results of experiment show that H-PrTRIM algorithm is more efficient than PrTRIM algorithm and has advantages in the case of querying large documents and complex query.


Contents Introduction * Research on International Joint Ventures in East Asia: A Critical Review and Future Directions * Developing Strong International Corporate Alliances: Strategic Implications * A Study of the Impact of Location Specific and Moderating Factors on the Choice of Entry Mode in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia * Analysis of Strategic Issues for International Joint Ventures: Case Studies of Hong Kong-China Joint Venture Manufacturing Firms * Research on Joint Ventures in China: Progress and Prognosis * International Joint Ventures: An Integrated Conceptual Model for Human Resource and Business Strategies * Role of IJV's in Transferring Technology to China * Index * Reference Notes Included


In the era of big data, Internet-based geospatial information services such as various LBS apps are deployed everywhere, followed by an increasing number of queries against the massive spatial data. As a result, the traditional relational spatial database (e.g., PostgreSQL with PostGIS and Oracle Spatial) cannot adapt well to the needs of large-scale spatial query processing. Spark is an emerging outstanding distributed computing framework in the Hadoop ecosystem. This paper aims to address the increasingly large-scale spatial query-processing requirement in the era of big data, and proposes an effective framework GeoSpark SQL, which enables spatial queries on Spark. On the one hand, GeoSpark SQL provides a convenient SQL interface; on the other hand, GeoSpark SQL achieves both efficient storage management and high-performance parallel computing through integrating Hive and Spark. In this study, the following key issues are discussed and addressed: (1) storage management methods under the GeoSpark SQL framework, (2) the spatial operator implementation approach in the Spark environment, and (3) spatial query optimization methods under Spark. Experimental evaluation is also performed and the results show that GeoSpark SQL is able to achieve real-time query processing. It should be noted that Spark is not a panacea. It is observed that the traditional spatial database PostGIS/PostgreSQL performs better than GeoSpark SQL in some query scenarios, especially for the spatial queries with high selectivity, such as the point query and the window query. In general, GeoSpark SQL performs better when dealing with compute-intensive spatial queries such as the kNN query and the spatial join query.


The effects of three sublethal concentrations of Methyl Parathion (MP) toxicity were evaluated in freshwater fish Labeo rohita . Lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 18.104.22.168), catalase (CAT, EC 126.96.36.199), glutathione peroxidase (GPx, EC 184.108.40.206), glutathione S-transferase (GST, EC 184.108.40.206) and total reduced glutathione (GSH EC 22.214.171.124) were esti- mated in liver and the neurotoxic effects were investigated by the determination of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 126.96.36.199) activities in brain of Labeo rohita of size 75 ± 6 g at sub lethal exposure. The exposure to MP at 1.0 mg L-1 increased LPO by two- fold and in 45 days almost five-fold increase was observed when compared to control. SOD activity increased by three-fold (0.5 mg L-1) and six-fold (1 mg L-1) at sub lethal exposure of MP. The AChE activity decreased with increase in the concentration of MP. The results show that changes in antioxidant enzymes system and inhibition of AChE activity can be used as biomarkers of exposure to MP in aquatic ecosystems.


Purpose: The role of nutrition support for the management of enterocutaneous fistula is primarily one of supportive care to prevent malnutrition and thereby halt further deterioration of an already debilitated patient. This therapy is best managed by a nutritional support team (NST). For activation of the NST, physicians must become more aware of the need for nutrition support in patients, and so referrals are required from physicians. This study examined the referrals to the nutritional support team for patients with postoperative enterocutaneous fistula. Methods: Between March 2007 and May 2009, we reviewed 34 patients with postoperative enterocutaneous fistula and who was referred to the NST. Results: The mean age of the patients was 61.1±11.5 years. Twenty seven cases were males and 7 were females. The routes of nutrition support were EN+PN: 32 (55.2%), PN: 16 (27.6%), EN: 8 (13.0%) and oral intake +PN: 2 (3.4%). The direct referrals were 45 (77.6%) and the indirect referrals though the nutritional screening system were 13 (22.4%). The referrals for EN were 40 (69%) and those for PN were 18 (31.0%). The recommendations by the NST were accepted in 48 (82.8%) of the cases. The EN recommendations were accepted in all 40 (100.0%) of the cases. The PN recommendations by direct referral were accepted in 6 of 7 cases, but only 2 of 11 cases were accepted according to indirect referral. Conclusion: More aggressive and thorough follow-up on whether or not to accept the NST recommendation is required. This study shows that regular scheduled nutrition support service orientations for the different staff and departments of the hospital should be held each year. (KJPEN 2010;3(1):45-49)


Sensor clustering and trajectory optimization are a hot topic for last decade to improve energy efficiency of wireless sensor network (WSN). Most of existing studies assume that the sensor is uniformly deployed or all regions in the WSN coverage have the same level of interest. However, even in the same WSN, areas with high probability of disaster will have to form a "hotspot" with more sensors densely placed in order to be sensitive to environmental changes. The energy hole can be serious if sensor clustering and trajectory optimization are formulated without considering the hotspot. Therefore, we need to devise a sensor clustering and trajectory optimization algorithm considering the hotspots of WSN. In this paper, we propose an iterative algorithm to minimize the amount of energy consumed by components of WSN named ISCTO. The ISCTO algorithm consists of two phases. The first phase is a sensor clustering phase used to find the suitable number of clusters and cluster headers by considering the density of sensor and residual battery of sensors. The second phase is a trajectory optimization phase used to formulate suitable trajectory of multiple mobile sinks to minimize the amount of energy consumed by mobile sinks. The ISCTO algorithm performs two phases repeatedly until the amount of energy consumed by the WSN is not reduced. In addition, we show the performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of the total amount of energy consumed by sensors and mobile sinks.


'Reconstruction' was developed specifically for audiences in this region and focused on the ways in which designers in the UK distil elements of their own cultural heritage and personal experiences to inform their collections. Case studies included work from Paul Smith, Vivienne Westwood, Hussein Chalayan, Peter Jensen, Osman Yousefzada, Marios Schwab and Sophia Kokosalaki. This exhibition aimed to inspire audiences in these countries to re-evaluate their own cultural heritage and personal memories, and how this can be used as a source of inspiration for their work.

Moloney developed the concept for this exhibition after three years of extensive research and engagement on the ground with a network of emerging designers and craft practitioners in Central and South Asia between 2008 and 2011. Moloney visited the countries which the exhibition toured to (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan) and interviewed local fashion designers, fashion students and lecturers. During her time in this region it became clear that there was often a rejection of local crafts or cultural signifiers by emerging designers who looked to the West for their fashion cues.

Through extensive research of the archives of the participating designers and through interviews with the designers or their design teams, Moloney selected the garments for the exhibition and carried out the background research material to the collections.


There are numerous techniques for the photonic generation of microwave signal with high time-bandwidth product and low phase noise. Optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) based generation techniques have been found one of the most interesting technique since last three decades. This approach provides very high frequency microwave signal with lowest possible phase noise. OEO has been designed with miscellaneous architecture by introducing different optical dispersive components such as optical fiber, chirped fiber bragg grating, polarization modulator, and ring resonator. In this paper numerous techniques for the design of OEO is reviewed and well demonstrated. There are interesting configurations with substantial improvement in phase noise and frequency of the microwave signals generated. MATLAB simulation has been used for the verification of result explained in published techniques.


This paper introduces a new concept of market mechanism design into general economic environments with finite but many traders, where multiple objects are traded and any combination of complements and substitutes is permitted. The auctioneer randomly divides traders into multiple groups. Within each group, trades occur at the market-clearing price vector of another group. With private values, any undominated strategy profile mimics price-taking behavior, enforcing perfect competition. With interdependent values, any twice iteratively undominated strategy profile mimics the rational expectations equilibrium, enforcing ex post efficiency. Our mechanisms are detail-free, i.e., they do not depend on the details of model specification.


In this paper, we study the impact of the many core Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) system on the implementation of parallel algorithm for back-propagation neural network training. We provide a comparison between the running times taken on the GPU and on the conventional CPU to perform the training of a back-propagation neural network. We design and implement a back-propagation neural network training algorithms to predict the exchange fluctuation rate as determined by demand and supply conditions in the foreign exchange market. The Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA C) is used to implement the parallel version of training algorithm running on GPU and the C language is used to implement the serial version of training algorithm running on conventional CPU. The system will use past historical data, while training. Our results confirm the speed-up advantages by tapping on the resources of GPU. keywords: neural network, back-propagation, multicore, CUDA


We have previously proposed SAPHIRE (scintillator avalanche photoconductor with high resolution emitter readout), a novel detector concept with potentially superior spatial resolution and low-dose performance compared with existing flat-panel imagers. The detector comprises a scintillator that is optically coupled to an amorphous selenium photoconductor operated with avalanche gain, known as high-gain avalanche rushing photoconductor (HARP). High resolution electron beam readout is achieved using a field emitter array (FEA). This combination of avalanche gain, allowing for very low-dose imaging, and electron emitter readout, providing high spatial resolution, offers potentially superior image quality compared with existing flat-panel imagers, with specific applications to fluoroscopy and breast imaging. Through the present collaboration, a prototype HARP sensor with integrated electrostatic focusing and nano- Spindt FEA readout technology has been fabricated. The integrated electron-optic focusing approach is more suitable for fabricating large-area detectors. We investigate the dependence of spatial resolution on sensor structure and operating conditions, and compare the performance of electrostatic focusing with previous technologies. Our results show a clear dependence of spatial resolution on electrostatic focusing potential, with performance approaching that of the previous design with external mesh-electrode. Further, temporal performance (lag) of the detector is evaluated and the results show that the integrated electrostatic focusing design exhibits comparable or better performance compared with the mesh-electrode design. This study represents the first technical evaluation and characterization of the SAPHIRE concept with integrated electrostatic focusing.


Inertial navigation system (INS) is a pure autonomous navigation system, which can provide continuous real-time position, speed, and attitude information. The INS has the characteristics of short-term high accuracy and strong anti-interference ability, but the position error will accumulate with the extension of time. In order to further improve the accuracy of the traceless Kalman filter (KF) in Beidou/inertial conduction,.a Back Propagation (BP) neural network aided approach is developed in combination with improved differential evolution algorithm (DE). Specifically, we designed a new BP network that fuse multi features of signals. the INS and Beidou fusion data are collected as samples to train the BP neural network. Then, the improved DE algorithm is employed to optimize KF, attaining superior fusion efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the stability and accuracy of position have been significantly improved compared with the original combinatorial positioning model.


This research investigates the antecedents of airline travel intention, including the effects of crisis management, service quality perceptions, and loyalty programs, along with the fear of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and risk attitude among individuals from different parts of the world during the peak of the pandemic. Its main objective is to assess how these variables impact passenger airline travel intention. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to assess the measurement model and test the hypothesized relationships on the sample of 944 travelers. Results indicated strong positive associations between fear of COVID-19, risk-averse attitudes, and service quality with respect to travel intention. On the other hand, perception of crisis management handling and loyalty programs did not have significant influence on travel intention during the global pandemic. Interestingly, the researchers found that risk-averse attitude positively influences both crisis management and service quality perception. Therefore, airline decision-makers need to consider the psychological aspect of fear of COVID-19 and other researched dimensions to regain passenger confidence and stimulate travel demand regardless of the risk-averse attitude.


There exists a status of going against humanism in school sports teaching, such as: teaching objective simplify, teaching content competilization, teaching process technicalization etc. We should transform idea when re-construct humanism in school sports, pay attention to personal development, establish all-directional teaching goal, optimize teaching method, stress students' independence; change traditional teaching material and content; teaching appraisal should help students' individual development.


Ultrasonic wave velocities were measured and calculated by using velocity meter of ultrasonic gating,according to the principle of ultrasonic grating.By comparing the velocities in NaCl in different temperatures and concentrations and data fitting,the relationship between velocity and concentration and the relationship between velocity and temperature were found out.The result shows that when the concentration is 3%~5%,the velocity of sound wave increases monotonously with the increase of concentration.The velocity and the concentration have a linear relationship if temperature is the same.Besides,the ultrasonic wave velocity was studied at 3% NaCl solution and water.It was found out that the velocity and temperature have the same linear relationship,i.e,the velocity of sound wave increases monotonously with the increase of temperature.


Previous work conducted with whole crop wheat (WCW) as a forage for dairy cattle has focussed on harvesting the crop at a relatively mature stage and the addition of urea to act as a preservative (e.g. Cammell et al., 1996). Fermented WCW has the potential of being an important complementary forage to grass silage for dairy cows but avoids the addition of large quantities of nitrogen to the crop at ensiling required for urea treatment. However, little work has been conducted to evaluate the effects of stage of maturity of whole crop wheat on subsequent animal performance. The objectives of the current experiment were to examine the effects of stage of maturity of fermented WCW on milk production, liveweight and blood metabolite concentrations of dairy cows.The winter wheat variety Hunter was grown as a conventional cereal crop and cut at two stages of maturity. The first cut (low starch) was when the crop was approximately 300g/kg dry matter (DM) and Zadoks growth stage 71 (watery ripe) and the second (high starch) at approximately 370g/kg DM and growth stage 85 (soft dough).


The realization of genetic potential of dairy cattle today is primarily associated with balanced feeding, which can be provided only with high quality bulky feed. In 2016, 2500 t of silage of corn fresh yield at the milk-wax stage of ripeness with a new biological preservative (based on lactic and propionic acid bacteria, 3 g/t) and 4000 t of preserved silage were tested at "Roshcha" LLC in Bazarno-Karabulaksky district of Saratov region. The silage with the new biological preservative significantly improved after storage, compared with the preserved silage: pH - 4.1; total amount of organic acids - 2.80%, content of lactic acid in the total amount of acids - 2.10%, acetic acid - 0.70%, no butyric acid, content of lactic and acetic acids in the total amount - 75 and 25% respectively. The test conducted on lactating cows during the first lactation phase showed that a diet with silage prepared with the biological preservative increased daily yield of 4 % milk by 6,7 % as compared with the control (p < 0.05). Biochemical blood parameters of the cows of the test group indicated the improvement of anabolic processes, it provided an increase in milk productivity. The additional profit after sales of milk obtained from the test group was 3325.5 rubles/animal. To balance the diet of cows in energy and nutrients and to fulfill the productive potential of cows, it is necessary to improve feed base, taking into account available technologies, and to improve quality of bulky feed by using new biological preservatives.


After giving the nursing students knowledge and skill training and psychological lecture,we adopted self-made scale to investigate grade-two girl students of Xinyu College through questionnaire twice and compared and analysed the result and found in the first investigation that 77.42% of students hoped to get knowledge and skill training before probation and 48.39% of the girl students had anxiety.In the second investigation after skill training and psychological tutoring,we found that 97.81% of nursing students thought that knowledge and skill training was of help to them to a certain degree and that nursing students with anxiety dropped to 7.69%.We conclude that it is necessary to have knowledge and skill training and psychological lecture.


In the developing world, there is a need to create awareness in civil servants regarding the importance of carrying out in-depth analyses of official data, in order to ensure policy-formulation aimed at improving the lives of the people. This paper reports on an attempt to achieve this at the first level of civil service, through an innovative approach in rendering a course entitled "Quantitative Tools for Decision-Making" to the probationary officers of the 43rd Common Training Program at the Civil Services Academy of Pakistan. The course was wholly based on data pertaining to the 2011 Punjab Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS 2011). Feedback from participants in the four-month-long course provides motivation for recommending the ongoing adoption of this approach at all levels of civil service. Similar strategies may prove to be worthwhile in many other developing countries of the world striving to create statistical awareness in civil servants.


Background: Investigations of gene–environment interaction (G×E) in depression have implicated a polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5‐HTTLPR) as a moderator of the stress–depression relationship. However, recent evidence for 5‐HTTLPR G×E in depression has been inconsistent. This study examined the moderating effect of the val158met polymorphism in the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) gene on the strength of 5‐HTTLPR G×E. Methods: A community sample of youth (n=384) was genotyped for 5‐HTTLPR and COMT. A multi‐method, multi‐informant index of chronic family stress was derived from interviews and questionnaires administered at youth age 15. G×G×E was examined in relation to depression diagnoses between ages 15 and 20 and depressive symptoms at age 20. Results: Significant three‐way interactions were observed for both depressive symptoms and diagnoses, such that 5‐HTTLPR G×E occurred only in the context of COMT val158 allele homozygosity. For val158 homozygotes, the 5‐HTTLPR LL genotype exerted a protective effect in the face of stress. No genetic main effect or two‐way G×E was found for 5‐HTTLPR. Conclusions: Inconsistent 5‐HTTLPR G×E findings to date may be partly attributable to unmeasured epistatic effects between 5‐HTTLPR and COMT val158met. Identifying the conditions under which 5‐HTTLPR G×E is most likely to operate may allow depression prevention and treatment efforts to target youth at highest risk. Depression and Anxiety, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The enteric nervous system (ENS) is principally derived from vagal‐level neural crest cells that migrate rostrocaudally along the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract, giving rise to neurons and glial cells in two ganglionated plexuses. Incomplete migration of vagal‐derived enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) leads to Hirschsprung disease (HD), a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of enteric ganglia along variable lengths of the distal intestine. Inductive interactions between gut epithelium and mesenchyme have been suggested to regulate the migration and differentiation of ENCCs. However, little is known about the function of epithelial derived factors, such as Sonic hedgehog (Shh), how they influence hindgut mesenchyme derived factors and how they regulate extracellular matrix expression during ENS development. Hindgut from 6 day old chicken embryo was cultured in the presence of Shh protein or Shh overexpressing RCAS‐virus. In presence of Shh the hindgut is aganglionic, while in the presence of Shh inhibitor large, ectopic ganglia developed. Shh treatment strongly induced the expression of extracellular matrix versican and collagen type IX, whereas cyclopamine reduced the expression pattern of these inhibitory matrix molecules. These results indicate that versican and collagen IX is a candidate for mediating the effects of Shh on ENCC migration. Shh also inhibited the proliferation and promoted the differentiation of ENCCs. Abnormalities of NCC migration and extracellular pattern formation are characteristic of two human intestinal disorders, HD and intestinal neuronal dysplasia. Our results support an essential role for epithelial‐mesenchymal interactions in these aspects of ENS development.


The rapid development of network is a new trend in the development of science and technology in the new era. As a logistics industry closely related to people's lives, it has continued to grow and become a sunrise industry under the blessing of the Internet, making a huge contribution to the national economy. This paper systematically expounds the connotation of intelligent logistics in the Internet of Things environment, analyzes the problems existing in the development of smart logistics from the aspects of system mechanism, information security, capital investment and talent supply, and the innovation of intellectual property network to the innovation of intelligent logistics.


Hybrid Vehicles (HEVs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) improve drive efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions by regenerative braking and operating the engine under optimum conditions. It is desirable to decrease the motor size and increase the maximum torque to minimize driving units. For these purposes, motors employing permanent magnets are now commonly used. The motor driving systems of HEVs and EVs must operate over variable speed ranges of up to 1:5. Over this large range, smooth, silent operation is desirable and important. The skew method is often adopted to ensure a smooth start and stop and silent operation by reducing torque ripple. However, this method possibly causes noise and motor vibration. This paper describes the mechanism of torsional resonance noise and vibrations arising from the skew method and a countermeasure to decrease them by optimizing the skew phase distribution on the rotating axis.


With the transmission thread of the national cultural corridor-the Qiangzhong passage of Seidenstrassen,the folk food custom culture in Qinghai-Tibet highland formed a food cultural circle with notable territorial characteristics,which manifested many cultural characteristics.Such as single sources of food materials,abundant psychological formation of food,flexibility of cooking,and the inheritance of food convention through periods and areas,as well as the blending of the transmission of food customs in the same period.


Aim of the present study has to focused on the possible relationship between serum malondialdehyde level, an index of lipid peroxidation, and ceruloplasmin levels, as protective agent against lipid peroxidation, in hepatitis C virus. A group of 31 hepatitis virus type C patients were enrolled in the study, while; control group consisted of 25 healthy subjects. In the present study, total proteins (g/L), malondialdehyde (µM), ceruloplasmin oxidase activity (U/L) and ceruloplasmin concentration (g/L) were measured in sera samples of patients with hepatitis C virus as well as in the healthy controls.


Through studying the international competitiveness in other industry,combining the feature of Chinese sporting goods industry,the authors put forward the evaluation system of the sporting goods industry,and gave the index meaning and evaluation method.


Several fossil fish were discovered in 1994 in the Upper Devonian Chadakoin Formation, near Howard Falls, just outside of Edinboro, Erie County, Pennsylvania. These fossils are fragmentary in nature and have been described based on their morphology. They are identified as the median dorsal plate of the large arthrodire Dunkleosteus terrelli Newberry, 1873, and the spines of probable acanthodian fishes. The identification of the median dorsal plate of Dunkleosteus represents a new occurrence of the genus. In general, these discoveries are of scientific interest because very little is known about the composition of the fish fauna that inhabited the Devonian shallow seas of northwestern Pennsylvania.


The original PMA of the Edwards SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve (THV) System, P140031, was first approved on June 17, 2015, and the indication was later expanded in Panel Track PMA Supplement P140031/S010 on August 18, 2016, to include patients with symptomatic heart disease due to severe native calcific aortic stenosis who are judged by a heart team, including a cardiac surgeon, to be at intermediate or greater risk for open surgical therapy (i.e., predicted risk of surgical mortality ≥ 3% at 30 days, based on the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score and other clinical co-morbidities unmeasured by the STS risk calculator). The indication was further expanded in PMA Supplement P140031/S028 on June 5, 2017 to include patients with symptomatic heart disease due to failure (stenosed, insufficient, or combined) of a surgical bioprosthetic aortic or mitral valve who are judged by a heart team, including a cardiac surgeon, to be at high or greater risk for open surgical therapy (i.e., predicted risk of surgical mortality ≥ 8% at 30 days, based on the STS risk score and other clinical co-morbidities unmeasured by the STS risk calculator). The SSEDs to support the indication are available on the following FDA websites and are incorporated by reference herein:


Today's heterogeneous networks comprised of mostly macrocells and indoor small cells will not be able to meet the upcoming traffic demands. Indeed, it is forecasted that at least a $100\times$ network capacity increase will be required to meet the traffic demands in 2020. As a result, vendors and operators are now looking at using every tool at hand to improve network capacity. In this epic campaign, three paradigms are noteworthy, i.e., network densification, the use of higher frequency bands and spectral efficiency enhancement techniques. This paper aims at bringing further common understanding and analysing the potential gains and limitations of these three paradigms, together with the impact of idle mode capabilities at the small cells as well as the user equipment density and distribution in outdoor scenarios. Special attention is paid to network densification and its implications when transiting to ultra-dense small cell deployments. Simulation results show that comparing to the baseline case with an average inter site distance of 200 m and a 100 MHz bandwidth, network densification with an average inter site distance of 35 m can increase the average UE throughput by $7.56\times$, while the use of the 10 GHz band with a 500 MHz bandwidth can further increase the network capacity up to $5\times$, resulting in an average of 1.27 Gbps per UE. The use of beamforming with up to 4 antennas per small cell BS lacks behind with average throughput gains around 30% and cell-edge throughput gains of up to $2\times$. Considering an extreme densification, an average inter site distance of 5 m can increase the average and cell-edge UE throughput by $18\times$ and $48\times$, respectively. Our study also shows how network densification reduces multi-user diversity, and thus proportional fair alike schedulers start losing their advantages with respect to round robin ones. The energy efficiency of these ultra-dense small cell deployments is also analysed, indicating the benefits of energy harvesting approaches to make these deployments more energy-efficient. Finally, the top ten challenges to be addressed to bring ultra-dense small cell deployments to reality are also discussed.


Performance analysis of parallel scientific codes is becoming increasingly difficult due to the rapidly growing complexity of applications and architectures. Existing tools fall short in providing intuitive views to reveal the root causes of performance problems. We have developed a new paradigm of projecting and visualizing performance data obtained from one domain onto other domains for faster, more intuitive analysis of applications. We gather performance data in three domains: hardware, application, and communication. For each domain, we define projections that allow the data to be viewed in the other domains. This framework is called the HAC model. The model not only allows us to directly compare the data across domains, but also allows us to use data visualization and analysis tools available in the other domains. Using the methodologies and visualization techniques mentioned above, we have demonstrated the careful unscrambling of otherwise tangled measurements caused by adaptive systems. By attributing performance measurements directly to their causes, we are able to visualize performance measurements in the domains most intuitive to the user, which are not necessarily those in which measurements are collected. Keywords: data attribution, performance analysis, visualization, scalability, adaptivity, exascale 1 Introduction Adaptivity is becoming ubiquitous across the high performance computing (HPC) software stack. At the application level, computational techniques such as adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) are used to reduce the cost of numerical solvers by increasing the solver resolution only for areas of the domain where higher resolution is needed [1, 2]. At a lower level, to ensure good performance, runtime libraries for adaptive codes dynamically redistribute the work generated by their refinement techniques among processors in a parallel system [3, 4]. Future exascale machines are expected to require adaptivity at even lower levels of the software stack, to distribute computational tasks among potentially heterogeneous compute resources, to balance power requirements and to adjust in case of hardware faults [15]. Adaptivity at any level presents a special challenge for users and developers of performance tools because it makes tying measurements to their root causes an even more difficult task. In a static domain decomposition, per-process performance measurements can be easily associated with specific application data. In adaptive codes such as AMR, a measurement on one process may potentially be associated with many pieces of the application data. Further, adaptive applications do not strictly follow the bulk-synchronous computational model traditionally used in HPC. Interspersed with the computation and ghost exchange phases of traditional HPC applications, an adaptive code may reorganize work using sophisticated overlay networks and communication patterns. Performance measurements must therefore be carefully attributed to particular phases of computation and specific application data, in order to clearly identify the causes of observed performance problems. Correctly attributing performance measurements to their causes requires understanding the complex relationships between different performance domains. We have developed a taxonomy of performance data that divides measurements into three key domains [17]. These are the hardware domain, consisting of processors embedded in a network with some topology; the application domain, comprised of information from the application's simulated physical domain; and the communication domain, comprised of abstract graphs with processes as nodes and communication between them represented as edges. We gather data in each of the three domains and we define projections of this data to the other two. This framework is called the HAC model. The model not only allows us to directly compare the data across domains, but also opens the door to using data visualization and analysis tools available in the other domains. Using the methodologies and visualization techniques mentioned above, we have demonstrated the careful unscrambling of otherwise tangled measurements caused by adaptive systems. By attributing performance measurements directly to their causes, we are able to visualize performance measurements in the domains most intuitive to the user, which are not necessarily those in which they are measured. We have applied these techniques to several application codes and libraries: Miranda [5], a higher order hydrodynamics code; QBall, an implementation of First-Principles Molecular Dynamics; hypre [7], an library for solving sparse linear systems; and SAMRAI [11], a highly scalable structured AMR library used extensively in several large-scale DOE applications. In the context of SAMRAI, we used insights gained from projecting data on the communication domain to perform targeted optimizations and to improve its performance. Results for a 65,536-core run on a Blue Gene/P system show performance improvements of nearly 16%. 2 The HAC model Most traditional scientific data analysis techniques are concerned with many quantities of interest (temperature, pressure, etc.) defined on a single common domain such as physical space. Performance data has many "natural" domains describing different aspects of application or system behavior. For example, hardware counter metrics are measured on a per-core or per-socket basis, and communication patterns are tracked within the MPI rank space abstraction. Understanding the meaning of these metrics typically requires relating them to other domains. For example, the performance of a particular core provides little information without a description of the part of the application domain to which it is assigned, or information about the portion of global communication it performs. The HAC model allows tools to account for the multi-domain nature of this problem by identifying three key domains for performance measurements and by defining projections between them. Figure 1 illustrates this approach: we gather data in each of the three domains in the form of application data, performance metrics and communication profiles, and we define projections of this data to the other two. This not only allows us to directly compare the data across domains, but also opens the door to using data visualization and analysis tools available in the other domains. We can now apply scientific visualization tools to performance data projected into the application domain, or we can apply graph-based techniques to the same data projected into the communication domain. The HAC model provides a structured characterization of common performance analysis and optimization challenges in terms of relevant source data/domains, the necessary mappings, and the subsequent analysis requirements. This structure will lead to new insights, more focused research directions, and a common framework to describe, compare, and combine different approaches. In the following, we briefly describe the three data domains and a set of mappings among them using, as a reference, the combustion code S3D [10] (see Figure 2). Application Domain (Physical simulation space) Hardware Domain (Flops, cache misses, network topology) Communication Domain (Virtual topology) Data Analysis and Visualization Figure 1: The HAC model Application Domain: The application domain represents the physical or other simulated system modeled by an application code. Often it is a piece of physical space with materials represented by some grid or mesh, but more abstract domains such as sparse matrices or large, abstract graphs are also possible. This is the domain most familiar to scientists, and it generally provides the mental reference frame during the code design stage. The application is ideal for exploring performance problems related to specific physical phenomena of the simulation. As an example, consider S3D, which describes a flame with some features of interest, as shown at top in Figure 2. Correlating features of the flame with performance data, such as unusually high cache miss counts, may highlight problems with a specific chemistry kernel or with some data structure in the application. Once we map the data into this space, we can exploit the large number of scientific visualization and analysis tools that already exist for application data. !"##$#%&'()& '$*"+,-.#& !"#$%"$#&'()*&"$#*+(,-(( )'&.*(/0(!%&'&#(1*+2( /00+$1,-.#&).*,$#& 2,345,36&).*,$#& 7.**"#$1,-.#&).*,$#& 34(5,#$+(6*"7,#89( 1$':;%,#*(6,<*+( =,>0";",;?,>0"(( =&@*#0+( A,''*%:B*( =&@*#0+( Figure 2: Domain decomposition of S3D Hardware Domain: The hardware domain describes the physical hardware of a computer system in terms of computing cores and network links. A common configuration in today's integrated HPC systems is a mesh or torus network of multi-core compute nodes as shown on the left in Figure 2. Commodity clusters often rely on Infiniband (IB) networks with fat tree topologies. Each of these networks has its own graph of hardware links connecting nodes. Data analysis in the hardware domain poses several challenges. Clearly, large scale graph algorithms such as clustering can be helpful. However, many of the largest supercomputers use regular grids connected into three-dimensional tori. Future machines will use higher-dimensional mesh/torus topologies. Given the large number of nodes and the Cartesian scaling properties, it is reasonable at scale to treat such a regular grid as a discrete representation of a continuous space. This allows the use of new classes of algorithms such as local correlation analysis [12, 16] or topological techniques [13, 9] to detect and extract features from high dimensional manifolds. Communication Domain: The communication domain consists of a general graph. For MPI programs, such as the ones studied here, nodes correspond to MPI processes and edges correspond to message exchanges between them. During execu


AS for the forming winding,detail introduction is done to parameter with the forming winding,a new method is put forth based on the production.


This article describes the development of a tri-band resonant slotted waveguide antenna array for millimetric-waves applications. It is based on a novel structure composed by four slots with two different lengths proper distributed on the waveguide narrowest face. Experimental results have been shown in excellent agreement with numerical simulations carried out using ANSYS HFSS. The antenna provides three bands centered at approximately 29.8, 34.3 and 37.4 GHz. Its gain varies from 8 to 10 dBi.


Herein is flood coated electrical circuit assembly to the base or illustrated flood coat polymer composition is provided on. Flood coating composition when cured coating an electrical circuit assembly in a fixed mass substantially free or encapsulated to adequate gel time and thixotropic index for import, mill the thickness of the polymer coating on the surface level with respect to the assembly 20 to 75 wheat, the assembly for characterized in that the thickness on the vertical surface 4 mil to 20 mil. A device including such a flood coated assembly and this is to require less material and reduce the weight and the cost, the temperature and / or the like due to vibration because it can withstand such extreme conditions of stress, the conventional potting material or conformal advantageous than the coating.


As the less developed areas in our countries are closely related with those ecologically frail belts, the construction of ecological model zones in the less developed areas proves to be a sustainable and basic way to help these areas to cast off poverty and become prosperous. Yet during the construction of the ecological model zones, the protection and construction of ecological environment will bring about direct or indirect economic losses. Meanwhile, as the ecological environment is of the specific property of public articles, the protection of the ecological environment would fail to gear with the economic development if no rational compensatory mechanism is available under the conditions of market economy. The relevant government departments must set up a scientific ecological compensatory mechanism in a short possible time so as to make sure that the less developed areas would shake off poverty and become prosperous in the construction of the ecological model zones.


The Paintings of James McNeill Whistler by Andrew McLaren Young, Margaret MacDonald, Robin Spencer, with the assistance of Hamish Miles, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1980, 670 pp., 313 ills, 123 colour pls, £80


The authors define two types of ordered qualitative response models and discuss their applications. These applications are illustrated using data on the educational attainment of young Australian women. (ANNOTATION)


The method of estimation of the railroad embankment slope stability described consists of the estimation of the slope safety according to the score to be calculated by the quantification analysis of results of photo interpretation.


Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major health problem in Bangladesh. Having a heart attack is a stressful situation for most people. Stress is the individual's subjective perception and emotional response to stressors experienced during the suffering of MI. Coping is an individual cognitive and behavioral effort. Effective coping can help reduce the level of stress in MI patients. The aims of this study were to identify the level of stress and coping of patients with MI and to examine the relationship between stress and coping of patients with MI. This was a descriptive correlational study. Eighty-eight subjects participated in this study. Data were collected by using structured questionnaires. The questionnaires were validated and tested for reliability, and yielding acceptable values of alpha coefficients (>.80). Descriptive statistics and the Pearson coefficient (r) were used. It was found that MI patients experienced a moderate level of stress, with 21.6% reporting a high level of stress. Overall, subjects reported used coping strategies sometimes and supportant coping was rated as often used. No significant relationships were found between stress and coping. However there were some relationships found between overall stress and tension subscale, and optimistic coping. The findings provide implications for nursing practice. Stress management programs should be developed for patients with MI in Bangladesh.


Each of us is composed of trillions of cells, and each of those cells contains very thin fibers a few centimeters long that play a major role in who we are, as human beings and as persons. These all-important intracellular fibers are made of DNA. Every time a cell divides, its DNA is replicated and apportioned equally to two daughter cells. The DNA content of these cells—what we call the genome—is thereby conserved. This genome is a master set of instructions, in fact a whole library of information, that cells use to maintain the living state. Ultimately, all the activities of a cell depend on it. To know the DNA is therefore to know the cell, and, in a larger sense, to know the organism to which that cell belongs. Given the importance of the DNA, it should come as no surprise that great efforts have been expended to study it, down to the finest details. In fact, in the last decade of the twentieth century a worldwide campaign, the Human Genome Project, took shape, and in 2001 it produced a comprehensive analysis of human DNA samples that had been collected from a small number of anonymous donors. This work—stunning in scope and significance—laid the foundation for all future research on the human genome. Then, in 2007, the analysis of human DNA took a new turn. Two of the architects of the Human Genome Project had their own DNA decoded. The technology for analyzing complete genomes has advanced significantly, and the cost for this analysis is no longer exorbitant. In fact, it may soon be possible for each of us to have our own genome analyzed— a prospect that is sure to influence our lives and change how we think about ourselves. ▶ An Invitation ▶ Three Great Milestones in Genetics ▶ DNA as the Genetic Material ▶ Genetics and Evolution ▶ Levels of Genetic Analysis ▶ Genetics in the World: Applications of Genetics to Human Endeavors C H A P T E R O U T L I N E


The current internationalisation in higher education heightens the demand for institutions and organisations to select qualified students from the global applicant pool. Such educational establishm...


Studies have been undertaken to define the changes in properties which occur in rare earth-cobalt magnet materials in the temperature range up to 1000 C. A wide range of types of behavior of the time dependence of the magnetization at relatively low temperatures is observed. It is shown that the simple mechanisms for this time dependence do not apply. Unusual types of irreversibility are displayed, and these may be useful in applications, e.g., in some cases it would be advantageous to remagnetize after a number of hours at the operating temperature. X-ray measurements were carried out at high temperatures. Although some lattice parameter values were determined, it was not possible to gain much structural information because of rapid sample deterioration. Details of the mechanism of this deterioration are reported.


The effects of fertilizer applications of N,P,K,separately or in combination,and trace elements B,Mn,Zn and Mo on seed quality of Agropyron desertorum were investigated.Seed quality,in terms of germination capacity and storability were assessed in the harvesting year and after three years of storage.The results showed that applying N,P,K fertilizers,separately or in combination,and spraying of trace elements had no obvious effects on seed germinability and storability.


The development of robot companions with nat ural human-robot interaction (HRI) capabilities is a challeng ing task as it requires incorporating various functionalities. Consequently, a flexible infrastructure for controlling module operation and data exchange between modules is proposed, taking into account insights from software system integration. This is achieved by combining a three-layer control architec ture containing a flexible control component with a powerful communication framework. The use of XML throughout the whole infrastructure facilitates ongoing evolutionary develop ment of the robot companion's capabilities.


Abstract This Viewpoint essay examines the service delivery responses of nonprofit organizations that offer homeless support services amid the COVID‐19 pandemic. Government mandates and severe human needs have forced nonprofits to adapt quickly. Literature reviews provide little information about how nonprofits should manage service continuity under pandemics. Data collected from websites and interviews with nonprofits executives provide an understanding of adaptations and innovations. The study uses a crisis response model—"Disruptions‐Ambiguities‐Innovations‐Challenges" (DAIC)—to demonstrate how social service nonprofits are responding to challenges under COVID‐19. Lessons learned are useful for scholars and practitioners to understand ways nonprofits have remained agile and innovative.


Aim:To study in vivo biodistribution of paclitaxel self-assembled proliposomes(PSAP) in rats by(LC-MS/MS) and to evaluate its targeting performance in conparison to Taxol.Methods:LC-MS/MS method based on positive electrospray ionization(ESI~+-MS/MS) has been developed for quantifying paclitaxel in rat tissue homogenates.PSAP and Taxol were administered through tail vein at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight and seven tissues have been excised and processed properly at preplanned time intervals to quantitate PTX by LC-MS/MS for evaluation of biodistribution and targeting performance.Results:In comparison with the Taxol group,paclitaxel levels in the liver,spleen,ovary,uterus were significantly higher in the PSAP group than that of in the Taxol group(P0.05).Relative tissue exposure(r_e) was greater than 1 in those above-mentioned tissues in the PSAP group.Paclitaxel distribution in the lung and kidney showed no significant difference(P0.05) between these two groups though paclitaxel level in the heart was significantly lower in the PSAP group than that in the Taxol group(P0.05).Conclusion:Significant change of drug disposition in vivo could be found when iv PSAP to rats in comparison to Taxol.Especially,PSAP could improve drug distribution in the liver,spleen,ovary,and uterus and lower that in the heart,which could be expected to yield better antitumor clinical therapy of tumor in the liver and spleen,hysterocarcinoma and ovarian cancers.


ABSTRACT This manuscript presents a case study illustrating how simple, visual analytics tools can be used to longitudinally assess consumer bankruptcy filings in a single community. In doing so, it provides a template for leaders in other communities to follow in conducting their own assessments. The case study focuses on the Logan neighborhood in Spokane, WA, a blue collar neighborhood which is home to Gonzaga University. This allows for simple comparisons to assess evolutionary changes in bankruptcy filings, within the Logan neighborhood over time, as well as comparisons to other Spokane neighborhoods that have less diversity and higher mean incomes.


The study investigated work-family conflict as a predictor variable of marital satisfaction. Using criterion sampling technique, 33 mothers working in Banks in Enugu metropolis of Enugu State in Eastern Nigeria, were drawn to participate in the study. The participants were living with their husbands, house helps and have had at least one child. They were aged between 26 and 55 years. They had a minimum educational qualification of Ordinary National Diploma, were Christians and have Igbo cultural background. The hypothesis was that there would be a significant relationship between work-family conflict and marital satisfaction of working mothers in the banking sector. Two sets of instruments were used to generate the data thus: 1) Okonkwo(2009) Work-family conflict interference sub scale to assess work interference in the family. 2) Spanier(1976) dyadic adjustment scale assess marital satisfaction of these women. A co relational design and statistics was used for data collection and analysis. Result showed no significant relationship between work-family conflict and marital satisfaction(r = 0.117, r 2 = 0.0104, p ≥ 0.05). The result was discussed in relation to literature. It was concluded that work – family conflict does not influence marital satisfaction and should not be emphasized on while carrying out research on work-family conflict. Key Words: Work-family conflict, marital satisfaction, general well being.


Introduction
Integrating theory and learning from the field is considered essential in Dietitians undergraduate education. The evolution of healthcare professional practice and the evolving needs of workplaces lead to the urge for continuous improvement of learning experiences, in order to ensure that students achieve the required standards of competence. In Italy, general guidelines are currently given with the healthcare professions traineeships, but they do not specifically concern future Dietitians; agreed and specific standards for the Dietitians undergraduate internships are lacking.
Aims
Our goal was to search standards and guidelines for the Dietitians traineeship in national and international literature, to identify expected competencies and best practices to improve the traineeship in an Italian context.
Materials and methods
An integrative literature review on the Dietitian internship (combining scientific and grey literature) was conducted by using PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Eric databases, and the Google Scholar search engine. Furthermore, we consulted institutional national websites and documents of the Italian Permanent Conference of the Healthcare Professions Undergraduate Programs, in addition to the most representative Dietitian Associations websites. The search keywords were: "Nutritionist", "Dietitian", "Dietician", "Dietetics student", "Nutritional Sciences", "Dietetics", "Dietetics education", "Traineeship," Apprenticeship "," Internship "," Learning in the field", "On-the-job training", combined with the boolean operators AND and OR. The selected papers were analyzed and charted; finally, a thematic analysis of the charted data was conducted by the researchers.
Results
Fifty-two papers from scientific (n=36) and grey (n=16) literature were eligible.  From da-ta analysis, the following recommendations for the Dieticians internship emerged:

To develop adequate students theoretical background before practice.
To define traineeship learning objectives, starting from national/international standards.
To use multiple, innovative, and student-centered learning approaches and training strategies.
To involve adequately trained tutors and staff at a clinical/specialist and educational level;
To guarantee variability and diversification of experiences and settings of students, still considering the logic of internship rotations.
To develop stimulating, inclusive and collaborative learning environments.
To encourage regular use of constructive and reciprocal feedback.
To guarantee clear and effective communication between all the stakeholders.
To increase mutual commitment and collaboration between university and internship partners.

Conclusions
Regardless of the diversified organizational peculiarities of various national and international contexts, the need to implement innovative and sustainable approaches for the undergraduate traineeship of Dietitians is commonly acknowledged. To promote continuous improvement, constantly analyzing and monitoring the quality of the internships is considered pivotal.


Outgoing AngloGold Ashanti Ltd chief executive Mark Cutifani gave the keynote address during Mining Indaba's dedicated sustainability day and listening to him it became obvious why Anglo American plc has handed him its top job. In six years at the helm of one of South Africa's largest miners, Cutifani has built a reputation as a fine leader, both within his own company and in the broader mining sector.