Modeling clotting dynamics that occur during a thromboelastogram (TEG), a functional ex-vivo assay of coagulation, has the potential to provide useful clinical insights. Taking a systems view, the ex vivo system (TEG) dynamics are modeled without explicitly representing the complex in vivo clotting cascade. The model utilizes reaction engineering principles represented as ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which are solved in MATLAB ( c ©2016, The Mathworks Inc.) or Python. The model structure uses linear kinetics, except for the thrombus growth rate, which has a quadratic dependence on activated platelets. Estimated parameters include the initial platelet count, platelet activation rate, thrombus growth rate, and lysis rate (P0, k1, k2, and k3, respectively). Parameter estimation via nonlinear least-squares optimization of model predictions against clinical data used PYOMO 4.3 with the IPOPT solver. For 60 sample TEG tracings, the model yielded an average relative error of 6.42%, which demonstrates a simple mathematical description of coagulation is able to capture TEG data. Multi-parameter distributions demonstrates patient variability, suggesting it may be possible to identify patient endotypes from these distributions. A model-informed endotyping of patient-specific coagulopathic state could guide clinicians in selecting individualized treatment decisions leading to improved patient outcomes.


Guaren"and"Bugu",literally meaning"few people"and"not have grain"respectively,are two Chinese terms,which have all through the ages been explained as self depreciatory expressions used exclusively by monarchs to address themselves(corresponding to the English"royal we"),and the meanings of which two terms generally understood as"the person with scant morality"and"not virtuous".But such an interpretation runs counter to the basic rules of humbly addressing oneself by using polite language,nor does it agree with instances of the two terms in practical usage.As a matter of fact,their meanings should have been elucidated as"the person with few common people around him"and"the person from a poor country",and the two terms had undergone a transitional process from where they were used to address oneself among the people of the same rank or social position to where used only by a monarch to address himself when talking to his subjects. [


Prestressing of masonry permits the design of more economic and elegant masonry structures. One ofthe common techniques ofprestressing, especiallyused with masonry, is post-tensioning. The main problem associated with post-tensioning is the corrosion of the steel tendons even when "well-protected". Unbonded exposed steel tendons are particularly susceptible to corrosion. New materiais, Fibre Reinforced Plastics (FRP), which are more durablt: and stronger in tension than stee~ can be used to replace traditional steel tendons and thus overcome the corrosion problem. However, a major issue with the introduction of FRP tendons to post-tensioning applications is how to anchor them. A new anchorage system is described here to gether with the results of direct tension and fatigue tests to verifY the anchorage behaviour. The anchorage can be used with bonded or unbonded CFRP tendons in post-tensioning orpre-tensioning applications.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of transcatheter closure of perimembrane ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) using Amplatzer eccentric perimembrane VSD occluder device.Methods Nineteen patients with a mean age of 5.2 years (ranging fron 1 to 16 years), were each treated with Amplatzer occluder device through the percutaneous procedure under fluoroscopy, angiography and TTE.The TTE and chest film were performed 24 hours, 1,3,6 and 12 months after the procedure to evaluate its therapeutic effect. Results The success rate was 100%, and no complications occurred during the procedure.The mean diameter of the VSDs was 5.8mm (ranging from 3 to l0mm), The mean diameter of the occluder selected was 8mm(ranging from 6 to 12mm).No residual shunts were found in the 19 cases after the procedure 24 hour, 1,3,6 and 12 months .X-ray examination showed that both pulmnary vascularity and heart size were improved. Conclusions Transcatheter closure of perimembrane ventricular septal defect using Amplatzer occluder device is a safety and efficient method for patients with PMVSD.The operation is simple with a high success rate of placement and a good occlusion effect.


SUMMARYA transmission electron microscopy study of pollen grains from honey collected from hives before being sealed, and from sealed honey, pollen storage cells and from pollen pellets, is reported. The exine was the structure most resistant to change during the storage process. In unsealed honey, the cytoplasm appeared to be perfectly conserved, but it frequently pushed the infine, which protruded noticeably. In sealed honey the cytoplasm had a strong tendency to crystallize and reserve materials such as starch and lipids started to show some symptoms of degradation; the apertures normally appeared closed and the cytoplasm did not protrude in any case. It is suggested that the osmotic pressure of unsealed honey leads to turgescent pressure which causes the cytoplasm to protrude through the apertures, and that the cytoplasm is preserved by pyknosis of the cytoplasmic contents. Pollen grains from storage cells and from pollen pellets appeared to be in an excellent state of conservation.


The present invention relates to a method for calculating the real-time image tracking a target depth or depth of the video sequence based on the present invention includes a preprocessing depth image, the target search and tracking, the tracking template updated in real time; searching and tracking target during a coarse search and fine search is divided into two stage, reducing the number of samples, thereby increasing the operating speed of the algorithm. The present invention uses a depth image tracking, tracking targets can while protecting privacy, real-time tracking target, has strong robustness to illumination, and occlusion complex background and other factors. Live Update tracking template of the invention to improve the accuracy of tracking, tracking at lower values match the target, and the invention is not updated tracking template and the next frame broaden your search to avoid the tracking target moves too fast or too much change goal loss caused.


According to the Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards (ISAK) 35 financial reporting of non-profit companies consist of statements of financial position, statements of comprehensive income, reports of changes in net assets, statements of cash flows and notes to financial statements. This study aims to look at the Accounting at Surau Zam-Zam based on ISAK 35 concerning Presentation of Financial Statements to Non-profit Oriented Entities. The results of the research on the presentation of financial statements in this surau have not been prepared based on ISAK 35, which must be presented in five forms of financial statements, including statements of financial position, statements of comprehensive income, reports of changes in net assets, statements of cash flows and  notes to financial statements. The financial statements of Surau Zam-Zam only include simple financial reports, namely income and expenses without being grouped by account and still using their own language. Therefore, Surau Zam-Zam needs to apply accounting standards for non-profit organizations based on ISAK 35 in the preparation and presentation of its financial statements. This is intended so that the surrounding community believes that the allocation of funds and the accountability of the community's funds at this surau have been managed properly.


It is particularly important for consumers with specific diseases to attend to appropriate nutrient data in the Nutrition Facts Panel (NFP). Results for participants 45 years or older show that (1) consumers diagnosed with both high blood pressure and high cholesterol are more likely to access sodium and cholesterol NFP information than consumers with only one or neither condition, and (2) there are few differences in attention to less well-publicized hut relevant nutrients. The results show a greater need for at-risk consumers to attend to negative (e.g., trans fat) and positive nutrients (fiber) associated with their specific health condition. ********** Prior to the implementation of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA 1990), public trust of product health claims was in decline and lawsuits filed on behalf of consumers deceived by false health and nutrition claims were plentiful. Scores of deceptive advertising lawsuits were filed by state attorneys general against firms and organizations such as Kraft, Campbell's Soup, Sara Lee and the Beef Industry Council (Kinnear and Root 1988). Some nutrition claims even garnered Supreme Court attention (see Kraft v. FTC 1993). To reduce this confusion, Congress set specific provisions in the NLEA regarding presentation of nutrient content and manufacturers' health claims. In turn, this law resulted in the creation of the standardized Nutrition Facts Panel (NFP). The NFP provides nutrient information that allows consumers to verify nutrition claims made on the front of packages and in advertisements. This legislation is important because government spending for nutrition education is highly disproportionate to food industry advertising. In 1997, the federal government spent approximately $330 million on nutrition education while advertising expenditures by the food industry were about $7 billion (Philipson 2001). By 2008, $818.4 million was spent on nutrition education (Food and Nutrition Service 2010) while food industry advertising was estimated to be about $37.3 billion (Elitzak 2010). In other words, the government spends only 2.2% on education relative to the amount spent by the food industry on advertising. Thus, a better understanding of how to maximize use of NFP information to improve consumers' health and welfare is a critical consumer welfare issue. Many analyses have been conducted to better quantify the general effectiveness of the NFP. However, little attention has focused on understanding whether the NFP is helping consumers with specific health issues (e.g., hypertension) avoid foods with high levels of pertinent negative nutrients (e.g., sodium). Thus, the purpose of our study was to review four mutually exclusive groups of consumers with differing health-related disease risk levels. Specifically, we assess how consumers diagnosed with hypertension and/or high cholesterol use the Nutrition Facts Panel. Our primary interest lies in these at-risk consumers' utilization of appropriate nutrients in the NFP. Drawing from large government data sets, we conduct analyses that address the following questions. First, is morbidity related to the attention given to specific, and relevant, nutrient information in the Facts Panel? Second, do consumers suffering from both hypertension and high cholesterol report greater attention to NFP information than those with only a single condition? Finally, to what extent do older consumers (45 years or older) with neither risk condition attend to NFP information? Based on our findings, we offer implications for consumers and public policymakers. PROVISION OF NUTRITION INFORMATION AND THE NFP For more than fifty years the US government has collected statistical data to provide insight into the general health of its population. The 1956 National Health Survey Act mandated that periodic surveys be designed to collect data on the quantity, geographic spread and severity of illnesses and disabilities. …


In response to national policy for energy conservation and emissions reduction which require the appearance of new type of fly ash brick molding machine. Hence, it's exigent to explore substitute for the early brick machine. New type of fly ash brick molding machine is an automatic machine which is used to produce high density bricks with coal ash. It is good for energy saving and environmental protection. In this paper, the system working principle and key points hydraulic systems of the hydraulic brick machine are analyzed, the detail introduction is done for the system validation and verification method. After a certain time of testing and application, the system works well and reliably. Therefore, it has the user's high praises and also has been put into the mass production.


Due to the programmability and self-assembly characteristic, DNA is a powerful tool for guiding the assembly of nanometer-sized particles into large-scale ordered structures. Recently, DNA-guided nanoparticle crystallization has been demonstrated and many types of crystal structures have been created [1-3] . By changing particle size ratio, DNA length and complementarity, particles assemble into different types of crystals. By TEM imaging after silica encapsulations, Mirkin et al. confirmed that some of DNA-guided nanoparticle crystals assembled into wulff polyhedra in solution [3] . However, it is crucially difficult to grow large-scale wulff polyhedral single crystal of DNA-functionalized nanoparticles (DNA-NPs) with size up to several microns. Herein, we demonstrate the optimization of solution composition on DNA-NP crystal growth, specifically the effect of sodium chloride concentration and polyethylene glycol (PEG) addition into DNA-NP colloidal solution. Au nanoparticles of diameter 7 nm were functionalized with two different sequenced thiolated-DNA strands (DNAa and DNAb), respectively. These DNA-functionalized nanoparticles, DNA-NPa and DNA-NPb, were combined with linker DNA strands, which hybridize to complementary sequences of DNAa and DNAb (Figure 1). The mixed solutions were adjusted under different sodium chloride concentration (100,


PCR technology belongs to free bacteria cloning technique,which is also known for its unique advantages occupy a vast market share.The basic principle of PCR was summarized in this paper.The PCR applications in GM food identification,microorganism inspection in food,materials identification were probed.


BACKGROUND
Autologous fat grafts are commonly used in plastic surgery, especially for aesthetic breast augmentation. However, it is difficult to predict the postoperative fat volume retention rate.

OBJECTIVE
We conducted a retrospective study comparing the fat volume retention rates of breast lipoaugmentation performed during different phases of the menstrual cycle.

METHODS
The study included patients who underwent autologous fat grafting (AFG) breast augmentation from January 2012 to December 2018. Forty-eight individuals (94 breasts) were separated into three groups according to their menstrual stage: Group A: 10 patients (18 breasts); follicular group (end of menstruation ~ 10 days); Group B: 15 patients (30 breasts); ovulatory group (11 to 17 days); Group C: 23 patients (46 breasts); luteal group (18 days ~ next menstrual cramps).

RESULTS
Mean age, menarche age, menstrual cycle, menstruation, and body mass index were comparable among the groups (p>0.05). Patients with a history of lactation were comparable among the groups (Group A, 50%; Group B, 53.33%; Group C, 43.48%, p>0.05). The overall volume retention rate of patients undergoing AFG during ovulation was significantly higher (Group A, 26.94%; Group B, 49.06%, Group C, 35.73%, p=0.023) with no significant difference in volume retention rates between the follicular and luteal phases (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION
Fat volume retention rates were higher when autologous fat graft breast augmentation was performed during ovulation, providing a new direction to improve long-term retention rates of autologous fat grafts. However, due to the small sample size, incomplete medical records, and lack of test data, further research is needed.


Bariatric Nutrition: Suggestions for the Surgical Weight Loss Patient Allied Health Sciences Section Ad Hoc Nutrition Committee: Linda Aills, R.D. (Chair), Jeanne Blankenship, M.S., R.D., Cynthia Buffington, Ph.D., Margaret Furtado, M.S., R.D., Julie Parrott, M.S., R.D.* Private practice (food and nutrition consultant), Reston, Virginia University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California Florida Hospital Celebration Health, Celebration, Florida Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland Plaza Medical Center, Fort Worth, Texas Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases


Macrophages as phagocytic cells play an important role in our body's defence. In response to diverse stimuli, macrophages can polarise into several phenotypes with a different activity that affects the development of various diseases including cancer or chronic inflammation. Corticosteroids are among the stimuli that induce changes in polarisation from the proinflammatory phenotype of macrophages to the anti-inflammatory one. Although corticosteroids are potent anti-inflammatory substances, they cause serious side effects during therapy. Therefore, we prepared macrophages-specific poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanospheres with incorporated dexamethasone (DEX) that can be therapeutically used in various indications with reduced harmful effects. Several types of PLGA, varying either in the ratio of lactic and glycolic acid or in the structure, were used for nanosphere formulation. The preparation was performed by two methods: nanoprecipitation and emulsification solvent evaporation. We obtained nanoparticles with a size range of 150–290 nm, which corresponds to the preferred size range for macrophage uptake. Nanospheres with zeta potential ranging from - 10 to - 15 mV were sufficiently monodisperse with a polydispersity index under 0.2. The loading efficiency of DEX surpassed 25%. This indicates that DEX-loaded nanospheres are a promising tool for corticosteroid site-specific delivery. For biological evaluation, the human monocyte cell line THP-1 was used. THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Cytotoxicity tests by MTS assay and immunogenicity tests by qRT-PCR were performed to determine the biological response of the cells to our DEX-loaded PLGA nanospheres


The article examines the nature of competition regulation. Using the reproduction approach, the author reveals the internal nature of reasons for regulating competition, which is caused by inconsistencies in relationships within competition itself. Regulation of competition is the inevitable result of its developmental process: the transition from free to regulated competition results from the resolution of contradictions inherent in competition. Strengthening the regulatory components of competition is an evolutionary pattern, caused by the growth of integration processes in the economy, and by the intensification of the destructive effects of competition. Specific attention is paid to the evolution of the regulatory component of competition and forms of its manifestation. The author shows that the content of a competitive attitude is transformed in towards changing the principle of competitive rivalry, as expressed in the transition from an uncompromising struggle to its competitive forms that do not imply a vital outcome of the struggle. As a result, regulating competition becomes increasingly susceptible to internal factors. Therefore, in parallel with strengthening external measures of influence, there is an increasing trend towards self-regulation. The author interprets this as the basis for the transition to a new form of competition in the future — competitive competition, which is a form of rivalry based on voluntary restriction of egoistic claims and establishing partnerships between rivals for the sake of enhancing joint competitiveness.


This paper proposes two redundant communication system of regional energy internet based on parallel redundancy protocol and high availability seamless ring topology. Since the failure of communication components is sometimes affected by the same factors, the concept of common cause failure is considered when analyzing the reliability problem. Reliability block diagram considering common cause failure factor is used for reliability analysis of proposed communication topology, and the actual reliability is obtained which has important reference value to the planning and designing of energy internet communication system.


This paper presents the formulation, implementation, and validation of a simplified qualitative model to determine the crack path of solids considering static loads, infinitesimal strain, and plane stress condition. This model is based on finite element method with a special meshing technique, where nonlinear link elements are included between the faces of the linear triangular elements. The stiffness loss of some link elements represents the crack opening. Three experimental tests of bending beams are simulated, where the cracking pattern calculated with the proposed numerical model is similar to experimental result. The advantages of the proposed model compared to discrete crack approaches with interface elements can be the implementation simplicity, the numerical stability, and the very low computational cost. The simulation with greater values of the initial stiffness of the link elements does not affect the discontinuity path and the stability of the numerical solution. The exploded mesh procedure presented in this model avoids a complex nonlinear analysis and regenerative or adaptive meshes.


The crosstalk noise model for noise constrained interconnects optimization is presented for RC interconnects. The proposed model has simple closed-form expressions, which is capable of predicting the noise amplitude and the noise pulse width of an RC interconnect as well as coupling locations (near-driver and near-receiver) on victim net. This paper also presents a crosstalk noise model for both identical and non identical coupled resistance-inductance-capacitance (RLC) interconnects, which is developed based on a decoupling technique exhibiting an average error of 6.8% as compared to SPICE. The crosstalk noise model, together with a proposed concept of effective mutual inductance, is applied to evaluate the effectiveness of the shielding technique.


In its PMR spectrum (CDCl3, TMS), piper cide showed six olefinic and three aromatic proton signals*3 in the region of 5 5.60-7.30, a singlet (2H) at o 5.90 due to the methylene protons of a methylenedioxyphenyl group. An apparent triplet (2H) at b 3.12 (J=6.5 Hz) showed the presence of a methylene group between an amide nitrogen and a methine carbon atom. The multiplet (4H) at 6 1.752.35 suggested the presence of two allylic or benzylic methylene groups and a multiplet at 6 1.20-1.60 integrating for four protons was


Hopes for successful dating for the year ahead, the actual state of romantic friendships, and preferred leisure contexts were assessed for a German sample of male and female students in early and middle adolescence. Data were collected twice, with a 1-year time interval. Using confirmatory prediction analyses, hypotheses concerning the association between transition to dating and change in preferred leisure contexts were tested. Novices in dating were expected to prefer home and neutral settings throughout the year or to change to public, development-enhancing places by the second time of measurement. More experienced adolescents were expected to prefer public, development-enhancing places throughout the year or to fall back on home and neutral settings. Results showed that frustrated hopes for romantic friendship led to a retreat from public contexts. A desire for romantic friendship increased the use ofpublic contexts where one could meet members of the other sex. The use of public settings reflects adolescents' attempts to gain control over friendship development.


The effects of the chemical refining process on the minor compounds of rice bran oil and its heat stability were investigated. After 8 h of heating, about 50% and 30% of total tocopherols remained in crude and refined rice bran oil, respectively. The individual tocopherols were differently affected by the refining process. The order of heat stability of tocopherols and tocotrienols in crude oil was found to be different from that in fully refined oil. A similar tendency was observed for sterols. After 8 h of heating, 65% and 72% of total sterols, and 14% and 46% of sterol esters, of crude or fully refined rice bran oil, respectively, disappeared. The heating process led to a 4% and 10.3% increase in polymer contents in crude and refined rice bran oil, respectively. Although refined rice bran oil showed good heat stability, when compared to crude oil its heat stability was decreased to some extent.


Climate change
impacts on the potential
vegetation (biomes) are compared for an ambitious emissions-reduction scenario
(E1) and a medium-high emissions scenario with no mitigation policy (A1B). The E1 scenario aims at
limiting global mean warming to 2°C or less above pre-industrial temperatures and is closely related to the
RCP2.6 sued in the CMIP5. A multi-model ensemble of ten state-of-the-art coupled atmosphere-ocean general
circulation models (GCMs) is analyzed. A simple biome model is used
to assess the response of potential vegetation to the different forcing in the
two scenarios. Changes in biomes in response to the simulated climate change
are less pronounced in E1 than in the A1B scenario. Most biomes shift
polewards, with biomes adapted to colder climates being replaced by biomes
adapted to warmer climates. In some regions cold biomes (e.g. Tundra, Taiga)
nearly disappear in the A1B scenario but are also significantly reduced under
the E1 scenario.


Objective To observe the clinical effect and safety of edaravone combined with high pressure oxygen(HBO) on cerebral vasospasm(CVS) after intracranial aneurysm surgery. Methods A total of 52 patients who were diagnosed as aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(a SAH) and underwent surgery between June 2010 and October 2011 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the observation group(26 cases) and control group(26 cases). The control group was treated with conventional therapy and edaravone, while the observation group was added with HBO on the base of control group. The blood velocity of middle cerebral artery(MCA), incidence rate of CVS, cerebral infarction and death rate were observed and compared between the two groups. Besides, NIHSS was used to evaluate the degree of nervous functional defects and MBI was used to evaluate the activities of daily living. Finally, the incidences of side effects were compared between the two groups. Results After 4 weeks' treatment, the blood velocity of MCA and incidence rate of CVS in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P0.05). The NIHSS score of observation group was obviously lower than that of the control group. The MBI score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the incidence rates of cerebral infarction, side effects and yet death rate between the two groups(P0.05). Conclusion Edaravone combined with HBO could more effectively alleviate the cerebral vasospasm, improve neurologic impairment and enhance the activities of daily living of patients after intracranial aneurysm surgery.


The Sixth Report of the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution ''Nuclear Power and the Environment'' recommends that nuclear power not be abandoned but that there should be no commitment to a large nuclear program until all issues have been considered in the light of wide public understanding. The Chairman of the Commission during much of its study on this subject has outlined the factors considered and the conclusions reached with respect to regulatory agencies, radioactive waste disposal, fast breeders, energy strategies and alternatives, sabotage and civil liberties, and arms proliferation.


This Article assesses the extent to which Article 13(2) TEU supports a republican reading of the EU's institutional structure. This question has arisen in light of the move towards more intergovernmental forms of economic governance following the Eurozone Crisis. Dawson and de Witte and Bellamy have critiqued this mutation through theory-driven readings the institutional balance clause of Article 13(2) TEU, arguing that it establishes a norm of non-domination between EU institutions that has been undermined by increased intergovernmentalism. This Article considers whether the institutional balance case law supports their reading. It finds that institutional balance's dominant role is not normative: It protects pre-existing institutional competences. It does carry a normative side when used as a general principle of EU law to support arguments about increasing the European Parliament's legislative contributions, but this is not an independent head of claim. A better legal support for the presence of a non-domination in Article 13(2) lies within its second clause, the principle of sincere cooperation. Ultimately, the case law around both clauses of Article 13(2) TEU means that the provision is best understood as having a tripartite structure providing a constitutional basis for non-domination during lawmaking.


Objective: To observe the effectiveness of subconjunctival injection of sinogen on deep stromal herpetic keratitis. Methods: 41 eyes of 40 cases of deep stromal herpetic keratitis were divided into 2 groups randomly. All the cases were given routine treatment with acyclovir and 22 cases of experimental group received subconjunctival injection of sinogen. Results: There was a significant difference between the final therapeutic evapuation in the 2 groups(P0. 05). Conclusions: The methods of subconjunctival injection of sinogen has a dramatic effectiveness on treatment of deep stromal herpetic keratitis.


Haplotype analysis of 376 Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) patients and 100 controls from Lebanon was performed using 4 microsatellite loci to study founder effects for the five most frequent mutations within the MEFV gene (M694V, M694I, V726A, M680I and E148Q).


Benzhydrylium ions, which have previously been characterized as reference electrophiles in the Mayr group, have been employed for the construction of general nucleophilicity and electrophilicity scales.
The kinetics of the reactions of benzhydrylium ions with 15 n-nucleophiles in water and DMSO were measured to yield the N- and s-parameters. Most of the nucleophiles have closely similar slope parameters indicating that the reactions of most n-nucleophiles approximately follow Ritchie's constant selectivity relationship. The different slope parameter for water is recognized as the main reason for deviations from the Ritchie relationship reported in 1986.

The rates of the reactions of benzhydrylium ions with solvent mixtures of variable composition have been determined. From plots of the first-order rate constants (log k) versus E of benzydrylium ions, the solvent nucleophilicity parameters are derived. This allow the systematic design of Friedel-Crafts reactions with solvolytically generated carbocations.

Rate constants for the reactions of laser flash photolytically generated benzhydrylium ions with chloride and bromide anions have been determined in various solvents and compared with literature data.
The rate constants for the ionization of benzhydryl halides and for the reactions of benzhydrylium ions with halide anions and with solvent are combined to give complete free energy profiles for solvolysis reactions.

The first SN1 reaction, where ionization and trapping of the carbocation by the solvent could directly be observed, is reported.


The following invention deals with a fibre optic transilluminator for visible and invisible light ranges, as well as the arrangement thereof and the arrangement of the optical fibre and the novel components thereof which significantly reduce the shadow generated by a groove in the head of the transilluminator; the critical heat energy levels which affect the other end of the optical fibre which is connected to a metal connector when the latter is inserted into the light-generating source are also reduced; as well as the inclusion of a dark-coloured ring which is included in the light-diffusing head and will greatly reduce residual light which prevents examined areas from being well defined; this makes the transilluminator versatile and durable in prolonged and constant operating cycles.


. The purpose of this study, namely: (1) evaluating leadership style in increasing employee work motivation in the City of Education and Culture Office of Bima; and (2) evaluating the leadership style in improving the professionalism of employees working in the City of Bima City Education and Culture Office. This research uses a qualitative approach through descriptive analysis. The type of research data in the form of primary data and secondary data. Sources of research data are the head of the department, the head of the ministry of education, the head of the education sector, the head of the PNFI division, the heads of sections, and employees / staff. To get the data source (informant), the researchers used snowball sampling techniques. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. While analyzing qualitative data analysis data, which includes: (a) data reduction; (b) data display; and (c) verification (drawing conclusions). Based on the results of the study, the leadership style of the head of the department in increasing the work motivation of Bima City Education and Culture Department employees uses a participative leadership style, which is demonstrated by: understanding the needs of employees at work, giving encouragement work, establish good working relationships, and provide incentives for work performance. Such a leadership style is believed to increase employee motivation in the Bima City Education and Culture Office. Meanwhile, the leadership style of the head of service in improving the professionalism of the employees of the City of Education and Culture (Dikbud) Office of the City of Bima uses a consultative and delegative leadership style, which is demonstrated by way of division of employee work in accordance with the area of expertise, setting measurable work standards, creating a work climate conducive, as well as providing reward and punishment. The applied leadership style can improve the professionalism of employees working at the Bima City Education and Culture Office.


The present study was aimed to catalog the coral reefs that are found in Ulee Lheue breakwater, and providing a baseline data that will be valuable in Aceh marine conservation plan in the future. The research was conducted from February to October 2015. The station of observations was designed by systematic sampling. The sampling stations were located on the outer side and inner side the breakwater with a station spacing of 250 m. Furthermore, 50 m roll meter was used in each station as the reference to laying squares transects (size 100 × 100 cm) for coral reefs observation. Then, the square transects placed on 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 m. The results showed the reef at the outer breakwater consists of 11 coral genus of 244 colonies. While on the inner side of the breakwater, eightgenera of 46 colonies were observed. Acropora and Pocillopora were the most common genus on the outer side of the breakwater, while Chypastrea and Porites were the most common on the inner side. 0-5 cm coral colony size was the most common size found on both sides of the breakwater. This result showed that the construction of artificial structures on the coast is not only important in the development of a city but also important for marine biology and ecology study.


With an analysis of practical teaching in surveying and mapping engineering,based on a total solution to developing students' professional ability,this paper explores how to establish a guarantee system for practical teaching quality through system construction,construction of practical training base,innovative practical teaching model and innovative training base management.It also puts forward some suggestions and measures aiming to improve students' practical ability.


Introduction: Taiwanization of the KMT and the bentupai In 1988, when Li Denghui first became president of the R.O.C and chairman of its ruling party, the KMT, he was the first native Taiwanese to ever hold the top political position in Taiwan's history. While during his incumbency Taiwan went far along the road of liberalization and democratization, there also took place a process of noticeable liberalization within the KMT, which also meant what Li as party leader himself stood for the continuation and acceleration of Taiwanization, that is, the promotion of more and more native Taiwanese party members into higher intraparty bodies and positions. Li Denghui actively pushed for Taiwanization of the KMT and of the state as well (Clark 2003).


Spin waves in a model of an amorphous Heisenberg ferromagnet are studied by means of an effective medium approximation (EMA) for comparison with observations in amorphous transition metal–metalloid alloys. For long wave length and low energy the EMA agrees with a quasicrystalline approximation for the spin wave energy, but gives a larger density of states than an extended chain approximation with corresponds to conventional spin wave theory. The EMA also gives finite wave vector structure in the spectral weight function.


Abstract This thesis work was performed at RUAG Space AB, Goteborg, Sweden. The aim of this thesis is to test the performance boundaries of SiGe based heterojunction bipolar transistor in designing a low noise amplifier meant for GNSS applications. After careful consideration of different alternatives for active components in SiGe HBT process, BFY640-04 from Infineon was selected as the active component for the design. Later, different topologies have been evaluated in Advanced Design System (ADS) software and finally a common emitter topology is selected considering cost-effectiveness, performance and simplicity. Apart from this, the functionality of a limiter component namely, GG-77015-01 from Microsemi has been tested by placing it in front of the LNA. The purpose of this is to know if it can prevent the LNA from high power levels and to study its overall effect on noise figure, gain and linearity. The prototypes were fabricated on a hardback PCB consisting of Roger Duroid 6002 substrate. The designed LNA has less than 1 dB (excluding limiter) noise figure, gain of 17-13 dB and input return loss of 6 dB. It is powered by a single positive supply of +5 V and has very low DC power consumption of 15 mW. Also, the noise figure is fairly low in the entire L-band apart from current GNSS bands, which provides possibility of this design to be useful in future GNSS applications too. (Less)


This paper discusses a Thai corpus, TaLAPi, fully annotated with word segmentation (WS), part-of-speech (POS) and named entity (NE) information with the aim to provide a high-quality and sufficiently large corpus for real-life implementation of Thai language processing tools. The corpus contains 2,720 articles (1,043,471words) from the entertainment and lifestyle (NE&L) domain and 5,489 articles (3,181,487 words) in the news (NEWS) domain, with a total of 35 POS tags and 10 named entity categories. In particular, we present an approach to segment and tag foreign and loan words expressed in transliterated or original form in Thai text corpora. We see this as an area for study as adapted and un-adapted foreign language sequences have not been well addressed in the literature and this poses a challenge to the annotation process due to the increasing use and adoption of foreign words in the Thai language nowadays. To reduce the ambiguities in POS tagging and to provide rich information for facilitating Thai syntactic analysis, we adapted the POS tags used in ORCHID and propose a framework to tag Thai text and also addresses the tagging of loan and foreign words based on the proposed segmentation strategy. TaLAPi also includes a detailed guideline for tagging the 10 named entity categories


We qualitatively examine the properties of artificial deformation in the shapes of objects (galaxies and stars) induced by pixelization effects (also called aliasing effects) using toy mock simulation images. Two causes of these effects have been recognized. One is a consequence of observing the continuous sky with discrete pixels, which is called "first pixelization". The other, called "second pixelization", is a consequence of resampling a pixelized image onto another pixel grid whose coordinates are not perfectly adjusted to the input grid. We pay special attention to the latter, because it might be a potential source of a systematic noise in weak-lensing analysis. In particular, it is found that resampling with rotation induces artificial ellipticities in object shapes having a periodic concentric-circle-shaped pattern. Our major findings are as follows: (1) The root-mean-square (RMS) of artificial ellipticities in object shapes induced by the first pixelization effect can be as large as RMS & 10 (cid:3) 2 if the characteristic size of the objects (e.g., the FWHM) is smaller than twice of the pixel size. However, for larger objects, it quickly becomes very small (RMS . 10 (cid:3) 5 ). (2) The amplitude of shape deformation induced by the second pixelization effect depends on the object size. It also depends strongly on the interpolation scheme adopted to carry out resampling and on the grid size of the output pixels. The RMS of ellipticities in object shapes induced by the second pixelization effect can be suppressed to well below 10 (cid:3) 2 if one adopts a proper interpolation scheme (implemented in popular image processing softwares). We also discuss the impact of pixelization effects on a weak-lensing analysis.


Wave energy farms may cause voltage flicker on the local grid to which they will be connected due to the strong fluctuations that their output power may present. IEC standard 61400-21 describes methods for estimating the flicker level for different short-circuit ratios as well as for different numbers of devices composing the farm. This method was initially developed for wind farms but is applicable to wave energy farms as well. However, besides the short-circuit ratio and the number of devices composing the farm, the grid impedance angle has also a strong influence on flicker. Despite this, no method exists in the literature for estimating flicker as a function of this variable. This paper presents the results of a study intended to fill this gap by focusing on developing a simplified method for estimating the flicker level induced by a wave energy farm as a function of the grid impedance angle. The results obtained through this method are compared with those obtained from numerical load flow simulations performed with PowerFactory. These simulations were based on experimental power output time series of a wave energy prototype deployed at sea as part of the European CORES project. The voltage profiles thus generated were then processed by means of a flickermeter compliant with IEC standard 61000-4-15.


In recent years, oat plant especially for hay yield is on demand in Turkey. In this study, 167 oat landraces originated from Turkey were evaluated for germination and some early seedling stage traits and genotyped by 6K SNP Chip assay to detect candidate markers using association mapping analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) were also performed to determine relationships among investigated traits.
The variation in local oat genotypes for germination and other investigated traits was found significant at the 5% significance level, except for germination rate (GR). The values for germination rate was found between 52-76% and 52-100% for germination ratio, while 12.33 to 45 mm for coleoptile length and 8 to 21 mm for radicle length. On the other hand, plumula length varied between 2 to 28.45 mm and 1301.33 to 5494.40 for seed vigor index.
In the research, PC1 and PC2 value was found 41.5% and 21.5%, respectively, explaining the 63% of the total variation. Germination rate and germination ratio (GP) were positively and significantly correlated with the other investigated traits.
According to the results of the association mapping analysis a total number of 43 candidate markers were observed, 10 candidate markers for germination rate, five candidate markers for germination ratio (GP), five markers for radicle length (RL), eight markers for coleoptile length (CL), seven markers for plumula length (PL) and eight markers for seed vigor index (SVI).
These candidate markers identified in this study for germination and early seedling stage traits could be used in future studies.


BASEL (Schweiz) S. KARGER NEW YORK Simultaneously published as Appendix to Bibliotheca Anatomica, Fasc. 1 All rights, including that of translation into foreign languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduction (photocopy, microcopy) of this book or part of it without special permission of the publishers is prohibited. © Copyr1⁄8ht 1961 by S. Karger A. G., Basel. Printed in Switzerland by Buchdruckerei Aargauer Tagblatt AG. Aarau. Cliches: Steiner & Cie. AG., Basel. Index Introduction 7 Materials and Methods 11 Results 13 Further Observations of in vivo Settling 15 Discussion 18 Conclusions 39 Summary 39 Zusammenfassung 40 Appendix 40 Literature Cited 43 Sludge Bibliography 47 The studies on which this paper is based were made possible through support given by the Tennessee Valley Authority through the Division of Preventive Medicine of the University of Tennessee. The work was aided by: a grant from the Ella Sachs Plotz Fund; a grant from the Dr. Wallace O. and Clara A. Abbott Memorial Fund of the University of Chicago; United States Navy Contract NONR: 441; and by United States Public Health Service Grant H-4176. Bibliography of Sludged Blood Intravascular agglutination, or aggregation, of the blood cells to a circulating sludge has been observed by many different investigators. Because we now believe that the intravascular


Alvis is a formal modelling language intended for describing behaviour of concurrent systems. The formal verification of Alvis models is mainly based on Labelled Transition Systems (LTS graphs) and model checking techniques. The paper deals with the concept of data graphs for Alvis models. Data graphs can be used for verifying Alvis models focused on data flow and manipulation. The graphs are used for reduction of the size of original LTS graphs and for exposing information related to data processing. The presented approach shows that the language can also be used for modelling systems where the data flow rather than the control flow plays the key role.


THIS IS the fifth in a series of papers on sudden and unexpected natural death and is devoted to the causes of such death at various ages. The material in question includes 2,030 persons examined at autopsy over a seven and one-half year period (Jan. 1, 1937 to June 30, 1943) in the Borough of Manhattan, New York city, by members of the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner. As indicated in the first report1and in the opening paragraph of Merkel's2contribution, the unexpected appearance of death often outweighs its suddenness. The end may come within twenty-four hours after initial symptoms in the apparently healthy person, or there may be a quick, rapidly developing change for the worse in a gently progressive disease. It is this dramatic intrusion of the unexpected which is so often responsible for arousing suspicion of violence. A simple example is the accusation


Effective enterprise information security policy management requires review and assessment activities to ensure information security policies are aligned with business goals and objectives. As security policy management involves the elements of policy development process and the security policy as output, the context for security policy assessment requires goal-based metrics for these two elements. However, the current security management assessment methods only provide checklist types of assessment that are predefined by industry best practices and do not allow for developing specific goal-based metrics. Utilizing theories drawn from literature, this paper proposes the Enterprise Information Security Policy Assessment approach that expands on the Goal-Question-Metric (GQM) approach. The proposed assessment approach is then applied in a case scenario example to illustrate a practical application. It is shown that the proposed framework addresses the requirement for developing assessment metrics and allows for the concurrent undertaking of process-based and product-based assessment. Recommendations for further research activities include the conduct of empirical research to validate the propositions and the practical application of the proposed assessment approach in case studies to provide opportunities to introduce further enhancements to the approach.


The purpose of this guide is to provide a general introduction to sources in the IOR for the study of minority histories of Burma The purpose of this guide is to provide a general introduction to sources in the IOR for the study of minority histories of Burma


Mevlut Aykut and Yasin Demiraslan academicians at Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Veterinary Faculty Anatomy Department, report 'The most talkative bird in the world is African gray parrot. An African gray parrot can learn and pronounce over 800 words. For many parrot spices this number is just fifty. The fastest flying bird is peregrine falcon. The diving speed of this bird is approximately 180km/h.  Many bird spices lost their flying ability in time.  However these types have various advantages for not being able to fly. For instance a flightless bird does not have to carry developed and wide flying muscles or they do not need to spend more energy to fly. Thus flightless birds can live on less food, in other words they can live in the places where there are insufficient food. ' (Translated by BURDIL)


This study examined the effectiveness of a new adsorbent prepared from banana (Musa paradisiaca) stalk, one of the abundantly available lignocellulosic agrowastes, in removing Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent (PGBS-COOH) having a carboxylate functional group at its chain end was synthesized by graft copolymerization of acrylamide on to banana stalk, followed by functionalization. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of solution pH, ionic strength, contact time, metal concentration, adsorbent dose and temperature. A pH range of 5.5–8.0 was found to be effective for the maximum removal for both Pb(II) and Cd(II). Metal uptake was found to decrease with increase in ionic strength due to the expansion of the diffuse double layer and, more importantly, the formation of some chloro complexes (since NaCl was used in the adjustment of ionic strength), which do not appear to be adsorbed to the same extent as cations [M2+ and M(OH)+]. The kinetic studies showed that an equilibrium time of 3 h was needed for the adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) on PGBS-COOH and adsorption processes followed a pseudo-second-order equation. The Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental equilibrium data well. The maximum sorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions was 185.34 and 65.88 mg g−1, respectively, at 30 °C. The thermodynamic parameters such as changes in free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) were derived to predict the nature of adsorption. The isosteric heat of adsorption was found to be independent of surface coverage. Adsorption experiments were also conducted using a commercial cation exchanger, Ceralite IRC-50, for comparison. Synthetic wastewater samples were treated with the adsorbent to demonstrate its efficiency in removing Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from industrial wastewaters. Acid regeneration was tried for several cycles with a view to recovering the sorbed metal ions and also restoring the sorbent to its original state. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry


Study Design. A prospective nonrandomized clinical trial. Objective. To determine the outcome in a group of patients with chronic, function-limiting low back pain who met the criteria for interbody fusion surgery, but were instead treated with an intradiscal thermal catheter (SpineCath, Oratec Interventions, Inc., Menlo Park, CA). Summary of Background Data. This study represents the first reported trial of treatment for chronic discogenic low back pain with a novel thermal intradiscal catheter. Methods. The authors evaluated 25 consecutive patients. The minimum duration of nonoperative care with the authors was 6 months. The visual analog pain scores, sitting tolerance times, and SF-36 summary scores were tabulated. Results. The mean follow-up period was 7 months, and the mean duration of symptoms 58.5 months. Of the 25 patients, 20 (80%) reported a reduction of at least 2 points in visual analog pain scores, and 18 (72%) reported an improvement in sitting tolerance as well as reduction or discontinuance of analgesic medication. Visual analog pain scores improved by a mean reduction of 3.74, a 51% change (P = 0.0001). On the SF-36 physical function subscale, 72% of the patients improved by a mean increase of 15 points (P = 0.001), a mean change of 38%, and by a mean increase of 14 points on the bodily pain subscale (P = 0.004), a mean change of 48%. Conclusions. A statistically significant improvement in functional outcome was obtained in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain treated thermally by the SpineCath.


In May 1999 Germany took a significant step away from its reliance on blood based belonging, revising its nationality law to introduce an element of territory (jus soli) in the designation of citizenship. This paper offers Germany as a case study in the management of migration through a hierarchical system for the granting of rights, and considers the likely impact of the new law on the legal structures of inclusion and exclusion. It is argued that alongside the enhanced recognition of the original guestworker population a set of contradictory pressures now dominate the politics of migration – the recognition of human rights, the management of the labour market and the protection of welfare resources. These pressures are mediated by the granting and withholding of rights as part of a system of selection, surveillance, deterrence and control which has broader implications for our thinking about citizenship.


In this paper, a new numerical method to solve nonlinear stochastic differential equations (SDEs)is presented. It is based upon approximating the drift and diffusion of the SDE by using basic linear functions. In addition, we prove that the solution of the obtained linear SDE is an approximate solution of the nonlinear SDE in the mean square sense.


With the "Belt and Road" initiative, more Chinese citizens have gone abroad to engage in overseas labor activities. Few studies have investigated the prevalence of non-infectious diseases among Chinese overseas workers. This study seeks to fill the gap and illustrate the relevant diseases in a population of Chinese overseas workers.The health records of 13,529 Chinese migrant workers (12,917 males, mean age 41.3 ± 8.7 years, and 612 females, mean age 33.1 ± 10.2 years) who visited the International Travel Health Care Center in Anhui province were obtained. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between the prevalence of non-infectious diseases and sex, as well as the association between non-infectious diseases and length of stay abroad.In this study, 34.6% of overseas workers were found to have one or more types of non-infectious diseases. Hypertension had the highest prevalence (9.58%). Hypertension, fatty liver, renal disease and abnormal liver function tests were more prevalent among male workers than among female workers, while anemia and abnormal urinalysis were more prevalent among female workers. The prevalence of hypertension, renal diseases, liver diseases and gallbladder diseases increased with the length of stay abroad.Non-infectious diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases were highly prevalent among Chinese overseas workers. Hence the monitoring of non-infectious diseases needs to be enhanced to reduce China's overall disease burden in the future.


Deng Xiao ping's Opinions on Drafting the Resolution of Several CPC's Historical Issues Since the Founding of the PRC in 1949,mainly embodies his scientific appraisal of Comrade Mao Zedong and his thought,and the summary of CPC's sixty years of history,especially the change during thirty-two years.It has given us valuable spiritual wealth in both thinking content and thinking method.It guarantees our party to carry on past merits and open a way for the future.


We describe the DRAM-like approach towards a non-volatile magnetoresistive memory integrating magnetic and semiconductor devices into one cell. The speed at which the magnetic memory signal can be read depends on many factors. An important factor is the magnetic element itself, the size, magnetic characteristics and absolute resistance. Secondly, the design of the read-out electronics is a key issue. A third determining factor is the technology in which the electronics are fabricated. Some features are indicated that are essential in optimizing MRAM in future.


Rhizomycosis is an angiotropic and life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients. We report an infant with acute myeloid leukaemia who suffered from an intra-abdominal mass with progressive hypertension due to left renal, superior mesenteric and splenic arterial occlusions associated with Rhizopus infection, which was diagnosed by multidetector-row computed tomography and tissue biopsy. She underwent intensive management including surgery and liposomal amphotericin-B administration, but she died of progressive leukaemia. To the best of our knowledge, simultaneous infarction of three obstructed arteries in an infant with Rhizopus spp. infection has not been reported in the literature. We conclude rhizomycosis is a life-threatening infection in a child with leukaemia who has neutropenic status, and Rhizopus spp. infection may be associated with multiple arterial infarctions. Hence, early diagnosis, aggressive surgery, and adequate treatment are suggested.


Although recent research has established that there are positive correlations among indicators of religious freedom and social capital and economic development, the question addressed in this paper has to do with the evangelistic success of three outreach-oriented churches with worldwide membership bases. This preliminary investigation uses only the Average Quinquennial Growth Rate (AQGR) as the dependent variable of interest. Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormons (or, interchangeably, LDS) and Seventh-day Adventists all share a great deal in common. They are strict in the sense of requiring adherence to behavior peculiar to their religious tradition and uncommon to the cultures in which they are embedded. They also rely heavily on worldwide evangelism to spread their message and acquire new adherents. All three religions have approximately fifty-year histories in a wide range of countries, and employ active proselyting methods for spreading their message to attract new adherents. These religions are all active in the promotion of freedom of religion in the legal and social contexts in which they perform their evangelizing activities. The central question addressed in this paper is whether religious liberty has affected membership growth in a sample of 170 countries over a period of the past fifty years. Scholars have hypothesized a negative relationship but this has never been demonstrated empirically to our knowledge. We were unable to find a significant association between a range of religious liberty measures and our indicator of membership growth for any of the three religious groups under consideration. Our large 50-year (1960 to 2010) and 170 country database did show statistical associations between membership growth and human development (strongly negative), and also with economic development (also negative), providing some support for the modernization theory of religious growth.


Investigation of the cardio-pulmonary function of six patients in chronic renal failure who required regular haemodialysis showed that their lungs continued to transfer gas to the arterial blood normally even when they contained a fourfold increase in their water content, though hypoxaemia developed whenever cardiac failure supervened. At the time of study (by multiple indicator-dilution techniques using radioactive labelled albumen, sodium, and water) all of them had excess blood (Vc.) and excess water (P.E.V.W.v) in their lung capillary bed though the latter decreased after exercise in four subjects. There was a fair correlation (r = 0.9 and 0.8) between the two components of the carbon monoxide transfer factor (Vc. and Dm) and the amount of extravascular water (P.E.V.W.v). When the lungs were overloaded with fluid they actually increased their ability to transfer gas during exercise. But the gas exchange deteriorated because of ventilation/perfusion imbalance when heart failure supervened with an impaired exercise output. In all cases the minute ventilation (VE) and ventilatory equivalent (VO2/VE) for oxygen were increased at rest and during exercise. The sodium (24Na) exchange between the blood and extravascular lung tissue decreased when the blood flow through the lungs was augmented but the reverse occurred when cardiac function was poor. The arteriovenous oxygen content difference CaO2-CvO2 was less than normal at rest but reached maximal values during exercise.


A 32‐year‐old woman without any systemic disease presented for a workup of a palpable mass in the right breast. She had identified this abnormality through self‐examination 9 months prior. At the 6 o′clock position of the right breast, a lobulated smooth mobile mass was discovered. She went to a local hospital, where she underwent sonography and mammography. Sonography identified a 2.4‐cm mass with an obscure margin and mixed echogenicity at the 6 o′clock position of the right breast (Figure 1). Mammography disclosed unremarkable findings. She was thus followed clinically, and the mass was initially considered benign. Because of the gradual enlargement of the palpable abnormality, the patient received core needle biopsy 6 months later, at which point the mass had enlarged to 5.7 cm in diameter. Histopathology of the core‐biopsy specimen determined it to be a benign vascular tumor, and the patient decided to receive a wide excision of the tumor. The surgical pathology reported a well‐differentiated angiosarcoma, but the surgical margin was not free of tumors. Follow‐up mammography revealed a focal asymmetry over the 6 o′clock position of the right breast and no associated features (Figure 2). She was subsequently referred to our hospital for breast‐conserving surgery (BCS) on her right breast. The final pathology identified a well‐ differentiated low‐grade angiosarcoma with free resection margin. After the operation, adjuvant chemotherapy was not administered to the patient. She was examined through breast sonography every 6 months after the operation. However, an infiltrative lesion was discovered at the 6 o′clock position of the right breast 9 months after BCS. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a large confluent mass over the right breast. The mass presented slight hypointensity on T1‐weighted images and vivid hyperintensity on T2‐weighted images. Rapid and persistent enhancement was also apparent on the dynamic contrast‐enhanced images (Figure 3). Additionally, an enlarged lymph node in the ipsilateral axilla was identified. The MR findings of the tumor were consistent with low‐grade breast angiosarcomas with recurrence that have been reported in the literature. She subsequently received total mastectomy of the right breast with ipsilateral axillary lymph node dissection. The pathology proved recurrent angiosarcoma of the breast. Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is an extremely rare disease that is easily misdiagnosed using imaging tests. Diagnostic mammography offers limited information, whereas sonography and MR imaging are recommended for its diagnosis. In dynamic MR images, high‐grade breast angiosarcomas exhibit typical malignant dynamic features with a rapid washout pattern, whereas low‐grade tumors exhibit persistent enhancement on delayed images. Breast angiosarcomas have the least favorable prognosis of all breast malignancies;


A 9-MW ion cyclotron resonant frequency (ICRF) experiment has been proposed to heat the Doublet III-D (DIII-D) plasma. DIII-D is a 2.2-T, 3.5-MA tokamak at GA Technologies with a major radius of 1.67 m and minor radius of 67 cm (elongation approx.2). The device was recommissioned in early 1986. The initial experimental program includes ohmic plasma and neutral beam studies; high-power rf experiments will follow in later years. Compact loop antennas (which fit completely in a 35- by 50-cm port) have been chosen to convey this power because of their inherent ease of maintenance, high efficiency, and versatility. In order to verify that the antenna will have sufficient loading, a prototype low-power (2-MW) antenna has been designed and installed. Measurements will be made through September 1986. The antenna is a cavity antenna that will operate from approximately 30 to 80 MHz with a 50-..cap omega.. match for a load resistance of approx.1 ..cap omega... It is surrounded by a fixed graphite-covered frame and can be extended from 3 cm behind this frame to 2 cm in front. This can be used to adjust coupling to the plasma. The electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of this antenna system (and its extrapolationmore » to ignited tokamaks) are discussed. In addition to experimental exploration of coupling, we have investigated wave propagation and absorption in DIII-D by using a cold collisional plasma model in straight tokamak geometry with rotation transform. Loading and power deposition profiles as a function of frequency, density, and species mix are presented.« less


In empirically estimating the relation between CEO compensation and accounting‐based firm and peer performance, researchers often define the performance variables net of CEO compensation expense. We analytically show that a researcher's use of CEO compensation as a regression's dependent variable and as an expense in defining a regression's independent variables representing accounting‐based firm and peer performance will bias the researcher's pay‐for‐performance (PPS) and relative performance evaluation (RPE) regression coefficients. In a panel estimation of CEO compensation, we document an attenuation bias in the coefficients on net firm and net peer performance. This evidence may partially explain inferences of weak CEO incentives and limited usage of RPE in prior work. Our results imply that in CEO compensation regressions, a researcher can remove biases in inferring CEO incentives and RPE usage by using gross rather than net accounting performance variables—that is, by adding back CEO compensation expense to net accounting measures.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


At present,the use of corpus in translation studies is mainly for the purpose of supplying data and generating statistics.This paper reports on a pilot project which,following a different mode of pedagogic pursuit,is designed to develop a theory-informed tagging system and a dual-mode in-depth data annotation to facilitate teaching and self-teaching of translation.The background knowledge annotation aims to help learners understand the source text,whereas the translation-technique annotation,which draws on the theory of information structure,functions to systematically describe translation phenomena and the choice of translation techniques with a view to accounting for their textual effect.Annotations are prepared in such a way as to increase learners' awareness of the importance of context and extra-textual background knowledge in translation and to encourage critical thinking in assessing translations.


Lonchitis aurita Linnaeus (1753, p. 1078) is based on plate I7 of Plumier's "Tractatus de Filicibus Americanis," but the identity of this plate has always been uncertain. Jenman (i888) incorrectly equated L. aurita with the African species L. pubescens Willd. ex Kaulf., which is now placed in Blotiella. Urban (I925, p. 394) excluded plate 17 and a few other unidentified plates from his list of the plates he identified in Plumier's "Tractatus" and his "Description des Plantes de l'Amerique." Tryon (1962, p. 95) considered L. aurita to be an illegitimate name because he surmised that plate 17 was based on a mixture of two species, the outline of L. hirsuta and the venation of another, unknown species. I have found out that L. aurita, as depicted in plate 17 of Plumier's "Tractatus" (Fig. i), is an immature specimen of Pteris arborea L. This is the only pedate species of Pteris found on Martinique which has aculeate stipes and (in young specimens) exactly the lamina outline, partial soriation, and venation (except that it is biarcuate, not polyarcuate) depicted in plate 17. Plumier (I705, p. I5) found his specimen in the "quartier du Prescheur," which apparently included the northwest or north end of the island, for today Precheur is the name of a town on the northwest coast. His plate is matched by Duss 1542 (US, Fig. 2), from deep ravines of Ajoupa Bouillon, which is on the northeastern part of the island. Stehle 3326 (US) is a similar specimen collected in the Vallee Lorrain, ca. 8 km to the south of the Duss locality. If my assumption about the Prescheur Quarter is correct, all three specimens must have been collected within 20 km of each other, at the very most. The generic name Lonchitis was lectotypified very early by Brongniart in Bory de Saint Vincent (i826, p. 490): "L'espece qui a servi de type a ce genre, le Lonchitis hirsuta, L., est assez commune a la Martinique et dans les autres iles des Antilles . . . On connait encore quelques especes de ce genre, mais beaucoup plus rares . . ." Unfortunately, this publication was overlooked by all subsequent workers until Pichi Sermolli recently cited it in data prepared for the Index Nominum Genericorum. Of the three original species (L. aurita, L. hirsuta, and L. repens), Presl (I836, p. 162) correctly removed the last to Hypolepis. Trevisan (I85I, p. I66) coined the generic name Anisosorus for Pteris laciniata Willd., a taxonomic synonym of L. hirsuta, but he did not provide a generic description, and so the name is a nomen nudum at that point. Had his generic name been validly published, he would have lectotypified Lonchitis on L. aurita inferentially, as that would have been the only species of the three remaining in Lonchitis. John Smith (I875, p. 292) chose L. aurita as lectotype of Lonchitis, and put L. repens in Hypolepis (p. 235) and L. hirsuta in Pteris sensu stricto (p. 297). The fact that Smith misidentified L. aurita with L. (now Blotiella) lindeniana does not nullify his lectotypification, nor does the fact that plate 17 depicts a juvenile specimen. Many species are based on sterile, juvenile, or otherwise atypical specimens, but these can not be overturned as lectotypes so long as the specimens are consistent with the description or diagnosis, which plate 17 is: "Fructificationes dispositae in lineolas, sinubus folii subjectas, lunulatas" (Linnaeus, I754, p. 485). However, he did not overturn Brongniart's earlier choice of lectotype (Art. 8 of the "International Code of Botanical Nomenclature"), and so cannot be followed. Kuhn


We introduce simplified models for enhancements in the matter power spectrum at small scales and study their implications for dark matter substructure and gravitational observables. These models capture the salient aspects of a variety of early universe scenarios that predict enhanced small-scale structure, such as axion-like particle dark matter, light vector dark matter, and epochs of early matter domination. We use a model-independent, semi-analytic treatment to map bumps in the matter power spectrum to early-forming sub-solar mass dark matter halos and estimate their evolution, disruption, and contribution to substructure of clusters and galaxies at late times. We discuss the sensitivity of gravitational observables, including pulsar timing arrays and caustic microlensing, to both the presence of bumps in the power spectrum and variations in their basic properties. 1 ar X iv :2 10 2. 05 07 0v 1 [ as tr oph .C O ] 9 F eb 2 02 1


WHY: Elder abuse and neglect is a serious and prevalent problem that is estimated to affect 700,000 to 1.2 million older adults annually in this country. Only one in ten cases of elder abuse and neglect are reported and there is a serious underreporting by clinical professionals, likely due to the lack of appropriate screening instruments. Abuse, neglect, exploitation and abandonment are actions that can result in elder mistreatment (EM).


Objective:To compare the value of conventional ultrasound(US)and acoustic radiation gorce impulse(ARFI)in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions,and discuss the differential diagnostic efficiency of ARFI in benign and malignant breast lesions. Method:One hundred and ten patients with one hundred and twenty-four lesions were examined by US and ARFI before surgery or puncture. The character of grayscale,color doppler ultrasound and ARFI were comparatively analyzed in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions,and the shear wave velocity(SWV)in the lesions and the surrounding normal breast tissue was measured. Result:To use surgical pathology as the gold standard,the mean VTQ value of malignant lesions,benign lesions and normal tissue is respectively as(5.19±1.54)m/s,(2.63±0.85)m/s,(1.82±0.57)m/s. The difference of VTQ between normal breast tissue,benign lesions,malignant lesions had a statistical significance( P 0.05). The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and positive predictive value of ARFI was 93%,96%,96%,and 93%,respectively. The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and positive predictive value of US was 80.00%,81.08%,80.77%,and 63.16%,respectively. Conclusion:ARFI can identify the elastic difference between breast lesions and normal breast tissue,it also can quantitatively evaluate the elasticity of various organization .In brief,ARFI has great better clinic value in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant diseases than conventional ultrasound.


Microsatellite instability (MSI) is intrinsic to most colorectal carcinomas (CRC) from patients with hereditary non‐polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), reflecting germline mutations in the mismatch‐repair (MMR) genes. Its occurrence and chronological sequence of development in sporadic CRC appears less well defined. To explore the time sequence in acquisition of MSI, and the role it plays during tumor progression in sporadic CRC, we compared the incidence of MSI in tissue samples from 40 Dukes'‐B and 30 Dukes'‐D CRC patients with liver metastases, at 4 different microsatellite loci, representing sites on the APC, DCC and p53 genes respectively as well as the D2S123 site. Among the 30 patients with hepatic metastases, MSI was found in 9 (30%) of the primary, and 13 (43.3%) of the metastatic tumors. In comparison, among the 40 Dukes'‐B CRC, MSI was found in only 8 cases (20%). CRC with MSI were more frequently located in the right colon, less frequently on the left side, and seldom in the rectum. Tumor ploidy analysis shows that 46.2% of Dukes'‐D primary tumors with MSI are diploid (χ2 = 4.46, p = 0.035). With a mean follow‐up time of 4.2 years for the Dukes'‐B CRC, there were no recurrences in the 8 patients with MSI, whilst 6 (18.8%) relapses occurred amongst the 32 patients without MSI, average time to recurrence being 15 months. In Dukes'‐D CRC, mean survival time for patients with MSI was 37 months (95% CI, 24 to 51 months), for those without MSI 26 months (95% CI, 18 to 35 months), although this was not statistically significant. Our data suggest that tumor progression may involve increased genetic instability. Int. J. Cancer 74:470–474, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


An experimental investigation was made of the energy characteristics of a gas-discharge chamber for a fast-flow CO2 laser. The dependences of the specific energy deposited in the discharge on the H2 additive, and on the temperature and velocity of the gas were demonstrated. The investigated discharge chamber was found to be capable of operating effectively at pressures p ≥ 100 Torr.


The total dose ionizing radiation response of 0.35 μm PD SOI CMOS transistors and the single event upset cross-section of 4M SRAMs fabricated in new UNIBOND substrates were measured and discussed. Both the radiation-induced back-channel threshold-voltage shift and the heavy-ion-induced single event upset cross-section have been evaluated and described in the form of a Weibull function.


In this text I present and discuss the items of a research project. This proposal follows an article In this text I present and discuss the items of a research project. This proposal follows an article published previously, which signalizes the production of knowledge as the appropriation of methodological resources and as the result of the mutual responsibility of advisor and advisee. It aims at providing the instruments and discussing the feasibility of a research project through the composition of its items and its possibilities.


The geometric communication ability profile is a description of communication skills that can help someone express and understand geometric concepts through an image. The purpose of study was to describe the geometric communication skills profile of 8th graders during the covid 19 pandemic in terms of the personality type of florence littauer. this type of research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the first sanguinis student has good communication skills, the second sanguinis student has quite good communication skills. The first choleric type students have good communication skills, while the second choleric students have poor communication skills. The first melancholic type student has poor communication skills, while the second melancholic student has fairly good communication skills. The firs phlegmatic tipe student has very good communication skills, while the second student has quite poor communication skills.
Keyword: Communication, Geometry, Personality


I thank Sue O'Connor (2002) for her attempt to falsify a few specific propositions in my paper listing numerous corrections about Timorese archaeology (Bednarik 2000). That she takes up five pages for this attempt is most gratifying, I do appreciate such detailed attention from a famous archaeologist. As a scientist I encourage falsification, I thrive on it. But in the interest of veracity I am obliged to ask: what are the merits of her objections?


The landmark NCLB (2001) has directed great attention and increased awareness of early literacy instruction. Still, less attention has been paid to older students who struggle to read. School districts must identify best practices and strategies to remediate students who struggle to read. The purpose of this 30-week mixed methods research was to examine the effectiveness of a reading intervention program, My Sidewalks, to improve pre-adolescent students' reading skills and impro ve their positive attitudes toward academic and recreational reading. Reading skills were measured using the Group Reading Assessment and Diagnostic Evaluation. Students' positive attitudes were measured using the Elementary Reading Assessment Survey. Each measurement instrument was administered in the Fall of 2010 and Spring of 2011. This action research took place in a small-sized urban school district in the Lower Hudson Region of New York State. Using stratified random sampling, the 49 purposive participants were Grade 5 struggling readers who received reading intervention services during the 2010-2011 school year. Consequential of the 30-week implementation of My Sidewalks , participants demonstrated statistically significant gains at p < .001 in sentence comprehension, passage comprehension, and vocabulary. Participants showed practical significant gains at p = .10 in listening comprehension. Moreover, students demonstrated statistically significant improvement in their positive attitudes toward recreational reading, while a slight improvement was noted in academic reading. The practical significance of this study will lead to broader investigation and evaluation of reading intervention programs and best practices that address the struggling readers dilemma among older students. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Education (EdD) Department Executive Leadership First Supervisor Ronald D. Valenti Second Supervisor Welton L. Sawyer Subject Categories Education This dissertation is available at Fisher Digital Publications: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_etd/28 The Children Left Behind: An Evaluation of a Reading Intervention Program for Upper


The first wave of the internet revolution came in with the growth of personal computers and in the second wave the internet came right onto our palms that is with the advent of mobile devices and here we are, living the third wave where all electronics devices are almost already connected to internet or will be in the near future. We are quickly going into another universe of computing and network. Machines with sensors and sensors catching information sending this data to distributed storage for additional and future use and this cycle in the area of science and innovation many are calling as "The Internet of Things". Machine to machine, machine to system, machine to condition, the Internet of everything, the web of clever things, sharp structure — call it as the need might arise, but it's going on, and its future open doors is enormous and huge. In this paper, we seek to highlight the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) in general, as well as reviewing the main challenges of the IoT environment by focusing on the recent research directions in this topic. Recently, IoT has emerged as a new technology that is used to express a modern wireless telecommunication network, and it can be defined as an intelligent and interoperability node interconnected in a dynamic global infrastructure network, also it seeks to implement the connectivity concept of anything from anywhere at any time. They range widely in use, size, energy capacity, and computation power. However, the integration of these smart things into the standard Internet introduces several security challenges because the majority of Internet technologies and communication protocols were not designed to support IoT.


The flies due to their type of behavior, nutrition and transmission of autogenic agents in the rural and urban areas are medically important. Identifying the species of the flies and their vector in each region are the first step in managing the control of the insects and preventing the disease. Therefore, the present study is determined to the identification of the flies with the medically important at the Sari Township. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was done in 2015. The adult flies were hunted with hand and using the plastic bottle with inverted opening, fixed with entomology needle and killed in the glass container having the calcium cyanide. In the laboratory the flies were identified to the species level using Krzysztof szpila (2013) and the avail-able descriptions and explanations were used. The gender identification in the Muscidae and calliphoridae families was done referring to the eye distance, but in the sarcophagidae family by observation of the male genital organ at the abdomen end. The descriptive statistic was used in presenting the obtained data. Results: In all, 3355 flies from three families of Muscidae, caliphoridae and Sarcophagidae were hunted of them 638 were hunted by trap method and 2717 by the net method. From Sarcophagidae family 64 flies were hunted comprising 12(0.36%) and 52 (1.56%) sarcophaga Africa and sarcophaga argyrostama. From the caliphoridae family, in all 406 flies were hunted comprising Lucilia sericata 150 (%4.47); chrsomyia albiceps 180(5.36%); challiphora vicina 76 (2.26% ).Of the Muscidae family, in all 2885 flies were hunted, including Musca domestica (76.30%); Muscina stabulans 325(9.69%). Highest prevalence rate of the flies was observed in the months' of June and July (summer)16.43% and 17.58% respectively, but the lowest rate in the months of February and march (winter). In all of the 3355 hunted flies, 1897(56.54%) were female and 1458(43.46%) were male. Conclusion: In this study, in all 7 medically important species of the flies were hunted. Knowing that the high prevalence of flies is observed in the summer season at the Sari Township, the control of them should be done more attention. For the completion of the data on medically important flies at Sari Township, beside the morphologic methods the molecular methods are recommended.


While writing this article I heard that scientists in the field of nuclear physics had successfully concluded their search for the "god particle." This mysterious particle known as the "Higgs boson" is thought to provide pivotal evidence regarding what is known as the "standard theory" of matter and to provide the key to unlock the secrets of the universe. As I listened to this news I found myself thinking how convenient it would be if there was something like a Higgs boson in the field of Buddhist ethics, namely some piece of evidence or data that would confirm one or other of the standard theories which have been proposed to date. It may be, of course, that no one theory is comprehensive enough to explain all the data and that the search for a "standard theory" of Buddhist ethics is misconceived. This suggestion was first proposed some time ago by Charles Hallisey in an influential article in the Journal of Buddhist Ethics ("Ethical Particularism in Theravada Buddhism"). This prompted a response by Kevin Schilbrack (" The General and the Particular in Theravada Ethics: A Response to Charles Hallisey"), and a rejoinder from Hallisey ("A Response to Kevin Schilbrack"), and now rather belatedly I want to pick up the conversation again. My interest in the topic was reawakened when writing about the notion of just war in Buddhism (forthcoming), and re-reading the late Tessa Bartholomeusz's excellent study of just war ideology in Sri Lanka (in Defence of Dharma) that draws quite heavily on the theory of ethical particularism. This revealed how influential the theory has become and because my own reflections on the notion of just war were taking a different direction it seemed important to revisit the idea of particularism in order to make clear where, as I see it, Bartholomeusz goes astray in applying this line of thought to Buddhist justifications for war. Bartholomeusz draws on references to war in Buddhist narratives and stories, such as the fifth-century Mahavamsa, and combines them with Hallisey's reflections on "particularism" in Theravada Buddhism and W. D. Ross's concept of prima facie duties to construct a Buddhist theory of just war or dharma yuddhaya. She writes, "I find useful Ross's language of prima facie responsibilities, and Hallisey's expression of them" (26). And later: "As this study on just-war ideology in Buddhist Sri Lanka suggests so far, viewing Theravadin Buddhist ethics through both pluralism and the lens of prima facie duties, rather than only assuming a single ethical principle (such as pacifism), permits complicated readings of primary actors in religious stories" (29). Bartholomeusz is here setting up a contrast between what she regards as a flexible, nuanced and pluralist approach that is faithful to indigenous sources, in contrast to a rigid, monolithic (Western) one of the kind a metatheorist such as myself might be thought to prefer. However, I think this is a false dichotomy that arises from confusion about the nature of ethical theory, and that a metatheory is as capable of offering as nuanced and flexible an interpretation of Buddhist ethics as a 'no theory' view. I will try to explain why by first of all summarizing my understanding of ethical particularism. Ethical Particularism Charles Hallisey believes that a variety of moral theories can be identified in Theravada Buddhism, and suggests that scholars who have sought to explain Buddhist ethics by reference to a single comprehensive theory have been asking the wrong question. He thinks that the question "Is there a moral theory in Theravada Buddhism" has "distorted our perception of Theravadin ethics" because "its practitioners and intellectuals have resorted to more than one kind of moral theory." The search for a single unifying theory is misconceived, Hallisey believes, because "we realize that there can be no answer to a question that asks us to discover which family of ethical theory underlies Buddhist ethics in general, simply because Buddhists availed themselves of and argued over a variety of moral theories" ("Ethical" 37). …


Liquidus temperature is one of important parameters for aluminum electrolysis. In this study, a new method is introduced; the liquidus temperature is measured with one Agilent 34401A meter connected to a computer. The whole process is controlled by computer software. Firstly, liquidus temperature of NaF and NaCl are measured for comparison. The result is proved to be convenient and accurate. The range of error is {plus minus}1~1.5{degree sign}C at 801{degree sign}C to 995{degree sign}C. Furthermore low temperature aluminum electrolyte composition is related. The liquidus temperature measurement of the system is NaFAlF3(R=2.25)-Al2O3(3%)-CaF2(4%)-LiF(0~6%)-NaCl(0~6%). The result showed that the liquidus temperature is reduced greatly by adding NaCl and LiF. The mathematical model obtained is T({degree sign}C)=947.588-5.907×LiF(wt/%)-6.223×NaCl(wt/%). The authors expected these data are useful for industry production of aluminum electrolysis, since it can provide a scientific basis for choosing suitable low temperature aluminum electrolyte composition.


Marketing is a total strategy for program development in which all relevant factors are carefully orchestrated for maximum impact on hard-to-reach target groups.


On account of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global pharmaceutical industry has achieved impressive results in the development and introduction of various types of vaccines causing the formation of acquired immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into clinical practice. However, none of them currently show the declared one hundred percent guarantee of protection. In the case of the COVID-19 disease, patients with concomitant pathologies are the most vulnerable to the occurrence of severe complications. The aerosol route of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 contributes to the emergence of outbreaks of the new coronavirus infection in crowded places and closed rooms with poor ventilation. In this regard, an urgent problem is the search for drugs with local antiviral activity, which, together with restrictive measures and mask wearing policy, can potentially reduce the likelihood of contracting coronavirus. In this experimental in vitro study on Vero CCL81 cell culture (ATCC), the local antiviral activity of the drug Thymogen® spray against the SARS-CoV-2 virus was studied in comparison with the antiseptic Miramistin® solution. As a result of the experiment, no toxic effects on Vero cells were detected in the drugs in the studied concentrations. In a series of experiments, Thymogen® spray showed local antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 when the virus titer was 5,2 lg TCID50. Therefore, the drug Thymogen® dosed nasal spray has high potential as a topical drug for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease, which requires additional confirmation in relevant clinical studies.


The optical properties of phytoplankton are calculated from Mie theory for different size distribution and complex refractive indices.The scattering coefficient of phytoplankton is largely determined by particles less than 10μm at 550nm, the volume-specific scattering coefficient regularly increases with n,and for a given n,it increases strongly with the j value.The influence of n on pigment-specific absorption coefficient a*p(λ) is small,however,the influence of n on b*p(λ) is significant.The effects of n′ on a*p(λ) are much more important than those for b*p(λ); Both of them are very sensitive to variation in j,the packaging effect associated with large particles for the gentler slope j is the reason of reducing a*p(λ),and the increase in b*p(λ) for increasing j value is mainly due to large contribution of small particles to the total scattering coefficient.


An appreciation of economics and the general workings of the economy have become increasingly necessary to make sense of government policy-making, the conduct of businesses and the enormous changes in economic systems, which are occurring throughout the world. With the increasing importance of behavioural economics, for business and management, especially with the recent global downturn, managers need to be effectively equipped with economic theories, tools and techniques. Their expertise, efficiency and experience, then will enable them to manage any crisis, adequately. Both theoretically and practically, it is a bridge-building exercise between business and economics. The excellence that managers attain will be rewarding to them and the business environment. This paper highlights how modern manager ought to be a strategist and an economist in terms of her role, responsibilities and qualities.It analyses the emerging parametric convergence between economics and business. It calls forincentivising smart people to engage more in productive rather than unproductive entrepreneurship. The intent is to make way for empowering business, with both firm and market advantages.


The utility model discloses a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) anti-static hairbrush with a dustproof cover. The PCB anti-static hairbrush comprises a hairbrush rod, a hairbrush head and the dustproof cover, wherein the hairbrush rod is obliquely connected with the hairbrush head, the upper surface of the hairbrush head is provided with bristles, and the dustproof cover is also arranged on one side, where the bristles are located, of the hairbrush head. According to the PCB anti-static hairbrush with the dustproof cover, the dustproof cover is also arranged on one side, where the bristles are located, of the hairbrush head, and when the hairbrush is not used, the dustproof is clamped on the hairbrush head so as to ensure the cleanness of the bristles and improve the cleaning quality; in addition, an included angle between the hairbrush rod and the hairbrush head is 30 degrees, so that people can conveniently hold the hairbrush rod with hands to clean dirt; the PCB anti-static hairbrush is simple in structure and easy to implement and has a favourable application prospect.


Presents corrections to the footnote from the paper,"An efficient insertion control method for precision assembly of cylindrical components," (Liu, S., et al), IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 64, no. 12, pp. 9355–9365, Dec. 2017.


The aim of this paper is to analyze the institutional economics of co-operation and the political economy of trust. It is reviewed the transactions costs, the principal-agent theory, market power, increasing-returns theory and value creation, strategic management, competitive forces, resource-based theory, organizational knowledge and learning, strategic choice theory and the collective efficiency theory. Finally, it is sustained the political economy of trust.


In this paper, according to the voltage sag problem with phase angle jump, the principle of the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is analyzed. Based on the fundamental component of steady-state equivalent circuit, the phase diagram with voltage fluctuations and phase angle jump is shown. According to instantaneous reactive power and the low-pass filter theory, the phase jump angle and initial phase of the source fundamental voltage are given. And with the optimum voltage injection angle based on minimum energy compensation, the voltage target function which gives the appropriate compensation output voltage of DVR is determined. The simulation process and results are also given. A prototype using digital signal processing (DSP) as the master control chip is designed and the software development process is given. Finally, the experimental results are provided to verify the rationality of the optimal voltage injection angle of series compensation based on the minimum energy control strategy.