Professor Danner presented a very interesting and well-argued paper. [Danner, this issue] Therefore, I invite serious trouble by disagreeing with him. The major question is whether gain-seekers can really form true community. Prof. Danner's answer is yes, mine is no. Making the case that the pursuit of gain is a social and not an individual activity, Danner first points to the limits to available gains, suggesting that gain is not unlimited, but is faced with external and internal limitations. The trouble is that most of these limits are indeed external, that is, outside the decision-making process of individuals and firms in the normal market context. Very few, if any, gain-seekers take account of the effects of their own actions on the aggregate limits of the economy. That would require them to calculate the effects their own actions have on changes in prices, particularly in input markets, and very few groups are large enough for that to matter. The same is true when exploitative gains are considered. Though gain at the expense of others is ultimately self-limiting, no single individual or group need fear that it will single-handedly kill the goose that produces all those golden eggs. So the limits of the economy simply do not provide limits to the gain-seeking activities of its constituents. The second step in this argument claims that all gain-seeking is premised on the gains of others. This seems to deny that any exploitative gain is possible. But even conventional economic theory recognizes that in the presence of market power, gain can be had at the expense of others. And less conventional, institutional approaches to economics suggest that firms and other groups can gain by appealing to the darker, more self-interested side of human nature. Recent work on internal labor markets suggests that cooperation within the firm can only be achieved by suspending the rules of competitive gain-seeking. I would claim that gain-seeking is inherently self-centered, though in some cases, it may, by the strictly unconscious operation of the invisible hand, produce benefits beyond the intentions of the actors involved, as Adam Smith observed. The third part of the argument makes a sharp distinction between economic means and social ends and identifies the discipline of eco? nomics strictly with questions of means. This denies the uniform prac


Surgeons in the United States remove over 300,000 gallbladders yearly and, according to the author, injure at least 1,000 common bile ducts while performing these procedures. In terms of numbers alone, a volume on biliary tract surgery should arouse our interest. But despite much practical information, this book lacks depth at some points of greatest current interest. For example, the author "prefers to reoperate on the patient..." (with retained common bile duct stones). He fails to cite Burhenne's outstanding success in extracting retained stones from 95 of 100 patients—without anesthesia or premedication. Featuring a modified Dormia basket, this technique, which has been adopted by many other radiologists, promises to save many operations and lives among the 5,000 patients yearly who suffer from overlooked stones. The preface, but not the title, tells us that this is an "adults only" book, so the reader who races into the text after noting only


Forty years of fishing: changes in age structure and stock mixing in northwestern Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) associated with size-selective and long-term exploitation M. R. Siskey*, M. J. Wilberg, R. J. Allman, B. K. Barnett, and D. H. Secor Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD 20688, USA and Southeast Fisheries Science Center – Panama City Laboratory, United States National Marine Fisheries Service, Panama City, FL 32408, USA


This paper demonstrates the feasibility of a procedure for the remote measurement of sea-surface temperature which inherently corrects for the effect of the intervening atmosphere without recourse to climatological data. The procedure relies upon the nearlinear differential absorption properties of the infrared window region between 10 and 13 Mm and requires radiometric measurements in a minimum of two spectral intervals within the infrared window which have a significant difference in absorption coefficient. The procedure has been applied to Nimbus 4 infrared interferometer spectrometer (IRIS) data and to Skylab EREP S191 spectrometer data, and it is demonstrated that atmospheric effects on the observed brightness temperature can be reduced to less than 1.0 Kelvin.


DCT-based transforms are widely adopted for video compression. Recently, many authors have highlighted that prediction residuals usually have directional structures that cannot be efficiently represented by conventional Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Although directional transforms have superior performance over the conventional DCT, for application in video compression it is necessary to evaluate increase in coding time and complexity for its implementation. This paper proposes a fast algorithm for estimating blocks directions before applying directional transforms. The encoder identifies predominant directions in each block, and only applies the transform referent to that direction. The algorithm can be used in conjunction with any proposed algorithm for directional transforms that uses the RDO process for selection of the direction to be explored, reducing implementation complexity to similar levels when only conventional DCT is used. For the tested proposal, estimated reduction in total coding time would be 37.5% (4 × 4 blocks with 8 possible directions) and 47.4% (8× 8 blocks with 16 possible directions).


Thank you for downloading trainers guide to blocks a creative curriculum for early childhood education. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite readings like this trainers guide to blocks a creative curriculum for early childhood education, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their laptop.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate two-dimensional viscous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting fluid over a continuous moving flat surface considering the viscous dissipation and Joule heating.

Design/methodology/approach
Suitable similarity variables are introduced to reduce the governing nonlinear boundary layer partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations. A numerical solution of the resulting two-point boundary value problem is carried out by using the finite element method with the help of Gauss elimination technique.

Findings
A comparison of obtained results is made with the previous work under the limiting cases. Behavior of flow and thermal fields against various governing parameters like mass transfer parameter, moving flat surface parameter, magnetic parameter, Prandtl number and Eckert number are analyzed and demonstrated graphically. Moreover, shear stress and heat flux at the moving surface for various values of the physical parameters are presented numerically in tabular form and discussed in detail.

Originality/value
The work is relatively original, as very little work has been reported on magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer over a continuous moving flat surface. Viscous dissipation and Joule heating are neglected in most of the previous studies. The numerical method applied to solve governing equations is finite element method which is new and efficient.


Chapter 5 focuses on the residential spaces where ethnographic fieldwork was conducted. The encargado system, a method of profiteering through a system of subletting space to other migrants, is documented. Familial bonds between residents are described as well as conflicts that arise. Additionally, the chapter reflects on the ethnic identities of residents and their relationships with other Latinos.


According to the present invention, various products and devices using the conductive nonwoven web is provided. Such products and devices, RFID systems, RF shielding systems, flexible electronic circuit component, the heat generation element, an antenna, an electromagnetic energy shield, membrane switch, keypad, and the like packaging system. In one embodiment, the conductive nonwoven web includes a conductive carbon fibers and pulp fibers and / or synthetic fibers. Using ultrasonic energy, electrical path is formed on the conductive material. The electrical path may be used to produce a variety of electrical devices. .The 16


Observations from aircraft of the Meteorological Research Flight flying near stratocumulus clouds showed steep inversions and hydrolapses directly above the tops of the clouds. Turbulence was encountered below and in the clouds and up to 300 ft above the cloud top. Above this level no turbulence was encountered. Analysis of the heat and water-vapour budgets of the cloud and air below suggests that the cloud and the profiles of temperature and humidity can only be maintained if there is large-scale subsidence. The effects of subsidence, outgoing radiation and turbulent transfer are all comparable.


Photobacterium fischeri failed to grow in a salts glucose medium described previously as being suitable for the growth of photobacteria unless the buffer capacity of the medium was increased. This ...


The primary school education of shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, which was developed under extrmely difficult conditions at unusual time, occupies a very outstanding position in the history of China's modern education. It took the war of resistance as a basic point, and proceeded from concrete conditions. Effectirely it stuck to the combination of education and the need of the masses as well as the productive labour. Taking proper measures to local condition, it ran a school. And it objected to equalitarianism while strengthening teachers' training and improving. All those characteristics have a positive effect on the development of education in the west at present.


Performance evaluation of government Website is an important basis to measure the openness, democracy and service quality of local governments ruling. To address the problem of local government Website performance evaluation, this paper builds a optimize performance evaluations model based on the gray correlation analysis. This paper selected performance evaluation data of 13 governments Website of different cities and regions in Heilongjiang Province's from 2005 to 2007, and established a Website performance analysis model, according to the model, we can analysis the relationship between Website performance indicators of 13 cities and regions, then find out what factors influence the level of Website performance and how to optimize the performance of governments Website. Then this paper proposed measures to promote Website performance and promote the construction of government Websites.


America is in the midst of a well-advertised ''obesity epidemic.'' It appears we have lost our war on obesity. Diets do not work for the vast majority of people, although the diet industry begs to disagree. In fact, dieting promotes weight gain, according to Linda Bacon, PhD. Her answer to the American weight problem ''has nothing to do with dieting or self-denial and everything to do with eating and self-affirmation.'' Health At Every Size: The Surprising Truth About Your Weight is not a weight-loss book, not a diet book, not an exercise program, nor does it contain any recipes. Backed by solid, welldocumented research, Bacon provides the reader with historical background, scientific evidence, and tools to help break free from an obsession with weight, and to see the $50 billion weight-loss industry for what it is—an industry that makes money perpetuating our preoccupation with food and our obsessive fear of becoming fat. Health at Every Size (HAES) is a health movement concept that predates Bacon's book, and this book is Bacon's perspective on the HAES movement, whose basic tenants are self-acceptance, physical activity, and normalized eating. The HAES philosophy promotes the concept that a person's appropriate, healthy weight cannot be determined from a chart or a scale but rather is the weight a person settles into while maintaining a healthy, physical lifestyle including eating according to internally directed signals of hunger, appetite, and satiety. Linda Bacon earned her doctorate in physiology from the University of California, Davis, specializing in weight regulation. She holds graduate degrees in both psychology (specializing in eating disorders and body image) and exercise science (specializing in metabolism) and has professional experience as a researcher, clinical psychotherapist, exercise physiologist, and educator. She is an assistant researcher in the Nutrition Department at the University of California, Davis, and teaches nutrition in the Biology Department at City College of San Francisco. She conducts training for health professionals on the latest research in weight regulation. Reading Bacon's preface and introduction, one might surmise that the book is the product of years of personal battles with body and weight issues and efforts to make sense of a disconnect between the disciplines she studied with regard to the science of weight regulation, cultural assumptions, and ''expert'' advice from the health field. The ''surprising truth'' described in her subtitle reflects her opinion that the public and most health care professionals have been misguided by the media and that commonly believed ''assumptions'' about ''overweight'' are not supported by the results of recent research. Our obsession with weight produces ''collateral damage'' such as eating disorders and an unhealthy association with food. Bacon asserts that our present state of knowledge indicates that a healthy lifestyle (good nutrition and physical fitness) is a better indicator of health than personal weight. Eating whole, healthy foods (as opposed to the myriad more profitable processed food products) and learning to honor our bodies by eating intuitively without the aids of weight loss products do not benefit the weight loss industry and, therefore, are downplayed in the media. This book covers a lot of territory: the politics of the food industry, the science of weight regulation, taste engineering, the psychology of our relationship with food, cultural influences, the physiologic and genetic influences on how much we will weigh, and the effects ''fast food'' and highly processed foods have on weight regulation. A large portion of the book is spent busting the assumed health risks for the ''overweight.'' Although Bacon does not deny the health risks associated with ''obese'' individuals with body mass index (BMI) more than 35, she states that scientific research indicates the risks for those labeled ''overweight'' with BMI 25 to 30 are grossly exaggerated and that the efforts taken to achieve ''ideal'' weight (eg, yo-yo dieting, extremely low calorie diets, weight-loss drugs) have resulted in health risks independent of body weight. Included in the appendix are form letters intended to aid those choosing to follow the HAES concept, such as ''Friends and Family: How You Can Best Support Me in Good Health,'' and form messages for various audiences explaining the need to switch the public's focus to health and well-being as opposed to weight. Also included is an extensive resource guide. Written in a style equally accessible to the general public and health care professionals, Bacon provides information on health and weight regulation that is not well publicized. In support of her position, Bacon includes 437 references. Embracing a commonsense approach to weight regulation, the HAES concept has become a movement gaining attention. This book is a timely and long-overdue must-read not just for dieters but also for health care professionals who give advice about weight loss.


A pilot re-circulating system was used for the cultivation of two Mediterranean calanoid copepods: Temora stylifera and Centropages typicus. The system automatically concentrated the naupliar and copepodite stages. Temora stylifera was fed the flagellate Rhodomonas baltica or Prorocentrum minimum, whereas C. typicus was fed with a mixture of R. baltica or P. minimum and Tetraselmis suecica. Both copepods also received Isochrysis galbana. After 21 days, the T. stylifera population increased 26-fold, reaching a density of 38 000 individuals, mostly represented by nauplii (88%). The maximum density recorded was 380 ind. L−1, with a production of 370 nauplii L−1. On average, the egg hatching success for this copepod during the rearing period was 54%, with the highest viability in April and May (>75%). The C. typicus population increased more than 10-fold after 7 weeks of rearing, reaching a density of 123 000 individuals, mainly represented by nauplii (>90%). The highest naupliar production was 100 ind. L−1, with a mean egg hatching success of 68%. This system may be useful to produce nauplii and copepodite stages to be used as live, alternative or complementary food for fish larvae or to provide a ready source of organisms for physiological and bioassay studies.


Small and medium-sized enterprises compete in a new environment where change is a constant, now characterized by a time of global economic crisis. The willingness and ability to implement changes in strategy, business management and organization becomes a key factor for success. The results show that, despite its benefits, advantages and efforts, internationalization does not exclude economic units generally represents small and medium enterprises.
Achieving competitive advantages that enable organizations to be profitable over time is vital to their survival and success.
This research proposes alternative technologies in the financial valuation of small and medium enterprises through the application of the methodology taxonomy of digital value.


Inositol pyrophosphates (PP‐IPs) are unique, evolutionarily conserved signaling molecules, which act at the interface between signal transduction and cellular metabolism. 5‐IP7 (5‐diphosphoinositol 1,2,3,4,6‐pentakisphosphate) is the most physiologically abundant PP‐IP (cytoplasmic concentration: 1–2 μM). 5‐IP7 is a highly electronegative molecule with five monophosphate groups and one bisphosphate group, all packed around a six‐carbon inositol ring. Reported functions of 5‐IP7 include non‐enzymatic pyrophosphorylation of proteins and non‐covalent binding to the highly electropositive domains in certain proteins (e.g., pleckstrin homology domains). Here, we provide evidence of a new mechanism of action for a PP‐IP, namely, as an enzyme inhibitor. The enzyme in question, encoded by NUDT3, catalyzes mRNA 5′‐decapping activity. NUDT3 knockdown in MCF7 breast cancer cells cause an increase in the mRNA stability of several 'migration marker proteins', namely, β6‐integrin, fibronectin, lipocalin and S100A8, which promote an elevated migratory phenotype compared to the wild type (WT) MCF7 cells. The NUDT3 gene product also hydrolyzes 5‐IP7, so we hypothesized that a persistent elevation of cellular levels of that PP‐IP would competitively inhibit mRNA decapping, and hence promote the expression of migration marker proteins. To pursue this idea, we used HCT116 colon cancer cells and HEK293 kidney epithelial cells in which we knocked out the IP7Ks that metabolize 5‐IP7, thereby increasing levels of this PP‐IP by 2 to 3‐fold. In the current study, qRT‐PCR analysis of IP7K−/− HCT116 cells showed an increase in the mRNA levels of β6‐integrin by 2 ± 0.2‐fold, fibronectin by 2.5 ± 0.4‐fold, lipocalin by 5 ± 0.4‐fold, and S100A8 by 3 ± 0.4‐fold compared to WT cells (data are expressed as mean ± SE, n=5, p ≤ 0.01). Knockout of IP7K in HEK293 cells resulted in elevation of mRNA levels of β6‐integrin by 6 ± 0.5‐fold, fibronectin by 3 ± 0.6‐fold, lipocalin by 7.5 ± 0.4‐fold, and S100A8 by 3.7 ± 0.35‐fold vs. WT HEK293 cells (data are expressed as mean ± SE, n=5, p ≤ 0.01). We are now developing techniques to load WT cells with 5‐IP7 to more directly test our idea that this PP‐IP has a novel, enzymatic function as a regulator of expression of pro‐migratory genes that may have relevance to tumor metastasis.


. Exoskeletons are recent robotic developments in rehabilitation that draw attention to new ways of perceiving impairments. While simulating human walking or movements of the arms, exoskeletons redefine basic experiential parameters such as "motor intentionality" (Merleau-Ponty, [1945] 2012, p. 112-113; Pacherie, 2018), but also various forms of experiencing one's body as being abled. Hence, exoskeletons are markers of a partial transition from "I cannot" to "I can", which they perform through the simulation of healthy bodies. Although these changes take place mostly in the confined space of a clinic or lab, they are of major importance, and open the possibility to interrogate how the contextual use of exoskeletons in clinical environments changes the status of their users to "temporarily abled." In these new rehabilitative techniques, users are engaged in specific forms of "body work" (Gimlin, 2002; Gimlin, 2007). After first describing the current state of exoskeletal devices, I will analyze how healthy bodies are used as materials to provide models for impaired ones and discuss procedures of simulation based on a logic of "essentialization." In the next section, I will explore the specificity of "body work" with exoskeletons for rehabilitation purposes and how further conceptions of intercorporeality emerge due to the development of these novel technologies. I will support my arguments with excerpts from qualitative empirical material from sociological research conducted between 2014 and 2021 and correlate them to the phenomenology of the body.


A maneuverable digital radiography system has been selected over a computed radiography system by the emergency room at a U.K. facility. Steven McDonald, director of radiology in the emergency room at Royal Liverpool Hospital gave the rationale and implications for this decision in a poster presentation at RSNA 2009.


A telephone system for enabling the transfer of CLI data, for example a callers telephone number, comprises a main terminal 11 or base and at least one remote handset A, B, C. The main terminal comprises a memory which stores the CLI data to be transmitted to the handset with a call signal. When a request for position registration is received from the handset, the main terminal transmits the stored CLI data and is subsequently displayed at the handset. CLI data is not deleted from the main terminal until all handsets associated with the main terminal have received the data.


The good news with regard to this (or any) chapter on the future of leadership is that there is one. There was a time when researchers called for a moratorium on new leadership theory and research (e.g., Miner, 1975) citing the uncertain future of the field. Then for a time there was a popular academic perspective that leadership did not really matter when it came to shaping organizational outcomes (Meindl & Ehrlich, 1987; Meindl, Ehrlich, & Dukerich, 1985; Pfeffer, 1977). That perspective was laid to rest by "realists" in the field (Day & Antonakis, 2012a) by means of empirical re-interpretation of the results used to support the position that leadership does not matter (Lieberson & O'Connor, 1972; Salancik & Pfeffer, 1977). Specifically, Day and Lord (1988) showed that when proper methodological concerns were addressed (e.g., controlling for industry and company size effects; incorporating appropriate time lags) that the impact of top-level leadership was considerable - explaining as much as 45% of the variance in measures of organizational performance. Despite some recent pessimistic sentiments about the "curiously unformed" state of leadership research and theory (Hackman & Wageman, 2007), others have argued that the field has continued to evolve and is potentially on the threshold of some significant breakthroughs (Day & Antonakis, 2012a). Leadership scholars have been re-energized by new directions in the field and research efforts have revitalized areas previously abandoned for apparent lack of consistency in findings (e.g., leadership trait theory). Our accumulated knowledge now allows us to explain the nature of leadership including its biological bases and other antecedents, and consequences with some degree of confidence. There are other comprehensive sources that review the extensive theoretical and empirical foundation of leadership (Bass, 2008; Day & Antonakis, 2012b) so that will not be the focus of the present chapter. Instead, we will take a future-oriented perspective in identifying particular areas within the leadership field that we believe offer promising perspectives on the future of leadership. Nonetheless, it is worthwhile as background to first provide an overview of how we see the leadership field changing over the past decade or so. This short chronicle will set the stage for a keener understanding of where the future contributions are likely to emerge. Overall, across nine major schools of leadership - trait, behavioural, contingency, contextual, relational, sceptics, information processing, New Leadership, biological and evolutionary - researchers have seen a resurgence in interest in one area, a high level of activity in at least four other areas, inactivity in three areas, and one that was modestly active in the previous decade but we think holds strong promise for the future (Gardner, Lowe, Moss, Mahoney, & Cogliser, 2010). We will next provide brief overviews of these nine schools and their respective levels of research activity (see Figure 1).


new approaches for metal transfer control during the GMA welding process, one based on a laser beam placed through the arc and the other based on real-time image processing, allow lower heat input, reducing spatter and weld penetration. The controlled welding process and CNC milling operation are combined together to form a hybrid rapid prototyping process. Test parts obtained in this procedure show better surface quality, dimensional accuracy and high density, while demonstrating new technological opportunities rapid prototyping of real metallic parts.


Abstract Edgard Varèse's Ionisation was a groundbreaking composition that presented unique ideas and problems concerning percussion orchestration. This article examines correspondence between Varèse and Nicolas Slonimsky about the tarole – a snare drum used in the work. In one letter Varèse sketched this instrument in order to show its relationship with a more common orchestral snare drum of the period. This information provides insight into performance practice and the orchestral conception of the work.


Method of measuring the trajectory of a passive moving object at a particular location, comprising the steps of: (a) Collection of data regarding the movement of said object at said location, said data including at least successive images of said object in the during its displacement (b) recording said data (c) setting an initial model trajectory (d) comparing initial model trajectory and each of the images, to determine a likelihood ratio (C0) of the initial trajectory ( T0) (e) generating a first path model (T1) from an initial model trajectory (T0) (f) comparing the first path model (T1) and each of the data images recorded to determine an index likelihood (Ci) of the first path model (g) election between T0 and T1 paths, depending on the ratio C1 / C0 (h) generating a new trajectory model based on the retained path (i) repeating steps (f), (g) and (h), for generating n paths model (Ti, i> = 2 n), a likelihood ratio (Ci, i> = 2 n), an integer greater than 2 (j) election between the n paths model, based on their likelihood ratio being n.


-The environment management is the consequence of EU Environmental Policy and Slovene Environmental Policy. Energy is a critical element essential to the delivery of quality healthcare services. Organizations assume responsibility for their economic success as well as for the environment and society. This paper presents a model that is developed to optimize the operation of electricity and heat energy in a Hospital Maribor. The model can be used for decision support regarding in both design and operation of hospital energy systems. The approach is composed of an aspect of Sustainability, Sustainable Management and optimization model to optimize the selection and operation of electricity and heat energy. For the Hospital Maribor, sustainability management means using resources efficiently and sparingly, acting in a socially responsible way and thus enhancing the Hospital's reputation. Keywords--cogeneration, electricity and heat energy, optimization, sustainability, sustainable management


rT1HE purpose of this report is to describe a case -¦- of carcinoma of the thyroid with direct extension into the superior vena cava, right heart, and pulmo¬ nary arteries in a man with a pre-existent goitre of 20 years' duration. Such extension of thyroid malig¬ nancy into great vessels and thence to the right heart is extremely rare. adjacent lungs. Solitary nodules of tumour tissue replacing the lung parenchyma were also noted. The main pulmonary artery and its major branches were occluded by this tumour invasion, with associated thrombus.


Defect detection is an indispensable part of the print circuit board (PCB) manufacturing process, which could identify problems in the previous manufacturing process to avoid the subsequent meaningless assembly work. However, previous works, e.g., traditional detection approaches fully based on machine learning, which are really too sensitive by some environmental factors. In this work, we improve previous work and propose a new PCB defect detector called SSIM-NET. Our approach is a two-stage detection algorithm including two innovations: 1) In the first step, we use the structural similarity index (SSIM) instead of morphology operator to find out the suspicious regions, it is not easily susceptible to some factors, e.g., illumination variation, slight camera noise, etc. 2) In the second step, in order to reduce the computational cost, we adopt the latest lightweight backbone MobileNet-V3 to classify suspicious regions. The difference is that we add a binary loss that focal loss to accelerate the network coverage. Finally, the accuracy and speed of our approach both achieved the state-of-the-art. Specially, compared with Faster-RCNN, its speed is faster at least 12 X but without any loss of accuracy.


HA activity coating was produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS) on Ti alloy materials. The effects of composition and thickness of the coatings on the bonding-strength were studied and macro-fractographs of samples were analyzed.The results show that the bonding-strength increases with the decreasing of thickness of the coating, and the grad coating is preferred. Particularly when the passivated HA powders is used, the bonding-strength of the sample can reach 64MPa, for beyond the Europe business standard.


Summary: The current crisis is, to a significant extent, a cognitive crisis. What is at stake is to develop a thorough understanding of what is going on, and to find ways to make the results of this analytical effort accessible to as many people involved as possible. Sociology of Law has an obvious role to play in these efforts. Issues such as, on the one hand, the relationship between economy, politics, and law, and, on the other hand, the way people construct practically relevant knowledge in complex societies, have a long tradition in our domain. The crisis also has a severe impact on the conditions under which we carry out our research business. So our work on these topics should also be conceived as part of a broader effort in the defense of science in the culture of world society, which corresponds exactly to the initial vocation of RCSL.


We examine the agency problems of not-for-profit organization, university, with a special focus on the conflict between the controlling family and other stakeholders including outside donors, students, and faculty. Using a sample of Korean private universities, we find that measures of family commitment (proxy for good governance) are positively related to the university performance, while measures of family control (proxy for bad governance) are negatively related. We also find that poorly governed universities are more likely to undergo a dispute between the controlling family and other stakeholders. Finally, we show that our results are not driven by the reverse causality that better performance leads to better university governance.


On the strength of previous research it has often been assumed that in Flanders the notarial profession had barely developed before 1531. That position can no longer be upheld, in particular with regard to fifteenth-century Bruges, since a prosopographical study into the notaries public who were active at the time in Bruges shows that nowhere else in the Low Countries was the notariate so successful. Moreover, because of their numbers, of their intensive activity in pursuing their trade and of the nature of the deeds they drafted, the Bruges notaries appear to have set the standards for their colleagues in the other parts of the Low Countries. Even so, it remains true that in Bruges as in the rest of North-Western Europe, the notarial profession remained far less important than in the cities of Northern Italy.


At the upcoming International Linear Collider tracking supersymmetric tau particles (staus) and their descendants is necessary to explore possible new physical processes. Some theories to be probed are supersymmetry and the method of supersymmetry breaking. In the Gauge Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking model a meta-stable stau can be the next to lightest supersymmetric particle and produces the lightest supersymmetric particle, the gravitino. Simulating stau decay events requires modifications in tracking methods to maximize the efficiency of reconstructing tracks of the indirect decay products of the stau. This project focused on reconstructing tracks using a silicon tracking detector with sparse tracking layers. The tracking methods adjusted in this project are known as Seed Tracker and Seed Extend Tracker. Applying cuts to Seed Tracker increased the efficiency for tracks that originate further from the collision center. Applying cuts to Seed Extend Tracker increased the total efficiency from 30% to 75%. 4


This paper evaluates energy level performance of three packet delivery schemes in a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in presence of Rayleigh fading. Three different information delivery mechanisms are investigated using regenerative relays with or without error correction capability. Energy consumption for successful delivery of a data packet for each mechanism is evaluated and compared under several conditions of node density, bit rate, transmit power etc. Energy efficiency of different retransmission schemes are evaluated. Further an optimal packet length based on energy efficiency is derived.


financial literacy is a basic need for everyone to avoid financial problems. Understanding of financial literacy is the vital things to obtain a prosperous life and quality. This study was performed to obtain the relationship between financial literacy by gende, age, course of study, income level, employment structure, areas of works, workplaces, and location of residence. Object the research was Trisakti University Postgraduate Students who were already working. This research raised problems concerning gender, age, education, income, natures of work, the workplaces, and residence affecting financial literacy in students of Trisakti University post-graduate program who were employee worked in a variety of fields, where in this research financial literacy was the dependent variable and gender, age, income, nature of works, work place and residence were as independet variables. The researchused 311 primary data optained by questionnaire and then analyzed by using ANOVA in SPSS. This research proposed recommendations so that the University can provide education concerning personal finance to the students so that they from an early age have knowledge concerning personal finance. Financial companies may provide financial literacy to people which were corporate social responsibility.


A descriptive study aimed to evaluate the result of standard prevention and control of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in high risk area of 26 provinces of Thailand, in 2008. This study determined the provinces that would be able to administer following the modules of prevention and control of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever. Two modules have been used for evaluation first, the standard for control measure of outbreak consist of case notification in time and entirety of index case investigation and second, the module of vector control measure consist of preparedness of control team, control of pestilent area in time and control of epidemic area inclusively. The results of evaluation indicated that the percentage of provinces gave good results 15.38 percent whereas 84.62 percent gave the excellent results showing most of the provinces administered following the module of prevention and control of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever. Some provinces gave a result in moderate level and improvement level. Nevertheless, there was only one indicator showing many provinces had to be improved in the module of control epidemic area inclusively which gave result 30.77 percent. However, there was no significantly difference between the result of evaluation of standard for prevention and control of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in provincial level and decreasing of incidence rate of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever by using chi-square test (p = 0.464). The evaluation of standard for prevention and control of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in provincial level was the important tool and necessary for stimulation of the public health officers in order to improve their works and the current indicators were suitable for dengue prevention and control in provincial level. Keywords: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever, Evaluation, Operational Standard


Recent developments in computer technologies and networks have enabled the use of high-quality digital contents, such as electronic documents, images, and audio and video contents. A watermarking technique has recently been developed for the copyright protection of these digital contents. There are few watermarking techniques for three-dimensional (3D) geometric models, such as solid models or polygonal models. In the present paper, we propose an optimization problem for embedding watermarks on 3D polygon models. Then, using a genetic algorithm, we obtain the approximately optimum solutions for an original problem and a partial problem, which has an advantage with respect to security over the corresponding original problem. For embedding and extracting the watermark, we use a simplified method based on the previous study using the wavelet transform. The structure of the optimization problem examined in the present research is the same as that for the Traveling Salesman Problem, except for the objective function and the two additional constraints.


Abstract The Valcamonica in the alpine region of Lombardy, northern Italy, can boast one of Europe's largest concentrations of rock-art. The art dates back as far as the Upper Palaeolithic, but the bulk of it is set firmly within the Bronze and Iron Ages and includes engraved depictions of warrior combat, hunting and herding. There are also village scenes, which include rectilinear field systems and free-standing, timber-framed buildings, mainly dating to the Iron Age and usually superimposed over earlier hunting and combat scenes. Fieldwork in this area by the author has revealed a recurring theme whereby depictions of buildings (and other figures associated with settlement) are located close to natural, glacially-eroded rock pools and linear gullies or glacial meltwater channels; is this relationship purely coincidental? Limited archaeological evidence suggests that farmsteads and settlement would once have stood close to a watercourse but away from the floodplain, safely located on valley plateaus and glacially-constructed moraines. Is the 'artist' attempting to replicate the village and the surrounding landscape using the natural topography of the rock panel? This paper discusses a series of engraved images here presumed to represent dwellings, and considers a possible link between panel topography and the distribution of Iron Age dwellings in relation to actual topography and watercourses within an alpine landscape. A number of panels have been selected that characterise this artistic grammar and suggest that there is a unique and recurring relationship between engraved village scenes and certain natural elements of the panel.


The physiopathology is resumed as the lymphocytic infiltration and B cell hyperactivity around the epithelium of the affected tissues. The etiology is still unknown, although genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a very important role in the manifestation of pSS. The diagnosis and classification are made based on pre-established criteria that consider the clinical manifestations, biological markers and cytopathological alterations. The treatment is widely based on the symptoms and clinic presented by the patient, for severe extraglandular manifestations, B-cell-targeted therapies have been showing great results especially in cryoglobulinemia, vasculitis, severe parotid swelling, inflammatory arthritis, pulmonary disease and peripheral neuropathy.


A 36-year-old man with a history of gout and a congenital solitary right kidney with chronic hydronephrosis and non-obstructive megaureter of unknown etiology presented initially with a stone on KUB and flank pain. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a right-sided calculus which was treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and alkalinization therapy. Several weeks posttreatment, he presented to the emergency department with cloudy urine and dysuria. His urinalysis demonstrated pyruia and hematuria. He was empirically started on ciprofloxacin, but returned to the emergency department several days later with fevers, chills and rigors but no flank pain. His creatinine had risen from 109 mmol/L at baseline to 266 mmol/L, and his white blood cell count was 15.6 × 106/L. A CT scan failed to show any residual calculi; however, it demonstrated emphysematous pyelitis (Fig. 1, arrow) with concomitant emphysematous ureteritis and cystitis (Fig. 2, arrows). His urine culture revealed a multi-drug resistant E Coli and a percutaneous nephrostomy tube was arranged after a ureteric stent insertion was unsuccessful. His pre-nephrostogram scout x-ray showed a collecting system full of gas (Fig. 3, arrows demonstrating gas in ureter and renal pelvis). He was treated with nephrostomy tube drainage and intravenous ceftriaxone. Within 5 days, he had complete clinical and radiographical resolution of the gas in his collecting system, and his renal function returned to baseline. Subsequent pressure-flow studies of urinary drainage via the nephrostomy tube (Whittaker test) showed no evidence of ureteric obstruction. It is important to distinguish emphysematous pyelitis (gas in the collecting system) from emphysematous pyelonephritis (gas in the renal parenchyma), as the latter can be more severe. James W. Wong, MD;* Kenneth T. Pace, MD, FRCSC† CUaJ spotlight


PURPOSE: A mist separation apparatus is provided to prevent bad influences affecting to the quality of objects supplied to an engine by preventing the liquefied natural gas (LNG) of a tank from regasifying the higher hydrocarbons of an LNG separator container. CONSTITUTION: A mist separation apparatus comprises a main container (2). The main container has a first inlet (4) for a first gas stream, a gas outlet (8), a first separator (20), a second separator (22), and a second inlet (6) for a second gas stream. The first separator is separated from the second separator along a gas flowing path extended from the first inlet to the gas outlet. The second inlet supplies the second gas stream to the gas flowing path between the first and second separators.


A low-cost bench-top energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED XRF) has been applied to the determination ofsulfur content in leaf samples. The XRF spectrometer was calibrated using real samples of plant material. First, sulfur content was determined using ICP OES with radial plasma observation after microwave digestion. The leaf samples were dried, ground, and pressed to pellets before the ED XRF analysis. Four standard reference materials: NIST SRM 1549 (Non-fat milk powder); NIST SRM 1568 (Rice flour); GBW 07603 (Bush branches and leaves) and GBW 07605 (Tea), as well as the reference plant sample "Rye-grass anglais" (2 theta, Cesky Těsin, Czech Republic) were analyzed applying ED XRF method. The obtained results were in good agreement with the certified values. Verified ED XRF method has been applied to the analysis of the samples collected in the simple screening study in the National Park of Krkonose.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to numerically investigate two dimensional steady state convective heat transfer in a differentially heated square cavity with constant temperatures and an inner rotating cylinder. The gap between the cylinder and the enclosure walls is filled with power law non-Newtonian fluid. Design/methodology/approach – Finite volume-based CFD software, Fluent (Ansys 15.0) is used to solve the governing equations. Attribution of the various flow parameters of fluid flow and heat transfer are investigated including Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, power law index, the cylinder radius and the angular rotational speed. Findings – Outcomes are reported in terms of isotherms, streamlines and average Nusselt number (Nu) of the heated wall for various considered here. Research limitations/implications – A detailed investigates is needed in the context of 3D flow. This will be a part of the future work. Practical implications – The effect of a rotating cylinder on heat transfer and flui...


An existing W-band gyro-TWA is being upgraded to achieve an output power of 5 kW and a high pulse repetition rate of 2 kHz for cloud radar application. In this paper we report the latest results on the upgrade of the W-band gyro-TWA and its components. These components include input coupler, output window, corrugated output mode converter, pulsed power system and water-cooled beam dump.


Background: We have evaluated the use of the TOF‐Guard® (TOF, train‐of‐four) acceleromyographic thumb responses to ulnar nerve stimulation in neonates and infants and the return of the responses after neuromuscular blockade. Methods: Baseline acceleromyographic recording of thumb adduction to ulnar nerve stimulation during volatile anaesthesia was performed in 22 babies aged less than 30 weeks. At the start of stimulation the automatic set‐up procedure of the TOF‐Guard® was used to see if a 100% control twitch height could be achieved. Irrespective of the ability to achieve a 100% control twitch height, TOF stimulation was used thereafter. When no automatic 100% control twitch could be reached, the transducer signal gain factor was set manually to obtain a 100% value. In 14 of the 22 children the recovery after neuromuscular blockade with rocuronium 0.3 mg kg−1 was recorded. Results: In nine of 22 patients a 100% baseline twitch height was obtained with the automatic set‐up. In the other 13 babies the TOF‐Guard® display indicated that the transducer signal was too low. The mean time to recovery of control twitch to 75% of baseline after rocuronium 0.3 mg kg−1 was 51 min (SD = 21) and the time to recovery of the TOF ratio to 70% was 49 min (SD = 19). The mean final twitch height and TOF after recovery from rocuronium blockade were 101% (SD = 15) and 92% (SD = 12), respectively. Conclusion: The recovery of the responses after neuromuscular blockade to near baseline values shows that acceleromyography can be used to measure neuromuscular block and recovery in neonates and infants.


The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of molybdenum sodium bismuth tungstate nano material, belong to a nanometer new material technology field, include following steps:For S1 in isopropanol solvent, glycerine bismuth is made in bismuth nitrate and glycerine mixed liquor solvent thermal reaction;Glycerine bismuth is dispersed in sodium molybdate and sodium tungstate mixed aqueous solution by S2, and hydro-thermal reaction obtains a nanometer molybdenum sodium bismuth tungstate.The present invention relative to the prior art major advantage:Molybdenum sodium bismuth tungstate prepared by the present invention is that molybdate and tungstates lattice replacement are nanocrystalline, overcomes the shortcomings that molybdate fuel factor leads to laser attenuation, while preparation process equipment is simple, preparation process temperature is low, and energy consumption is small.Products obtained therefrom bismuth molybdate sodium (NaBi (Mo of the present invention x W 1‑x O 4 ) 2 , x=0.1 0.9) crystallite dimension in 20 50nm, have the advantages that sintering temperature is low, may be used as preparing rear-earth-doped laser host material, it is also possible to make luminescent material.


There is lack of research on key governance issues (KGIs) to expedite the sustainability of corporate governance reforms in the Indian context. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a list of KGIs that would help in sustainability enhancement of corporate governance regime in India vis-a-vis other global counterparts.,First, governance issues have been identified after a thorough literature review and after taking opinion and suggestions of experts. Second, data have been collected through the questionnaire survey. Lastly, a model based on fuzzy set theory has been designed to identify the KGIs for the sustainability enhancement of corporate governance regime in the Indian context.,Five KGIs have been identified in this study based on fuzzy set theory, namely, ownership structure of the companies, code of best practices of corporate governance, regulatory framework including monitoring institutions of the country, untrue independence of independent directors in decision-making and judiciary system of the country.,The KGIs identified for the Indian economy in this study can be a useful reference for the regulators and policymakers to fill the present quality gap and devise measures to curb noncompliance and or implementation of laws on the ground level.,The KGIs identified for the Indian economy in this study can be a useful reference for the regulators and policymakers to fill the present quality gap and devise measures to curb noncompliance and/or implementation of laws on the ground level.,The novelty of this study stems from the fact that very few studies have assessed the perception of stakeholder's about the current corporate regime in India. No study has identified KGIs.


Benzyl β-aminopenicillanate 1β-oxide 9c underwent N-acylation with (1R*,2S*,3R′,4R*)-2,3-dibenzoyloxy-4-(benzoyloxymethyl)cyclopentanecarbonyl chloride 11b—assembled in nine steps from trinorbornadiene—to give a mixture of the penicillins 10d and 13c, which were readily separated by chromatography. The less polar material, identified as the diastereoisomer 10d by its conversion into (1R,5R,6R,7S)-6,7-isopropylidenedioxy-3-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one 24, was transformed into the title compound 1b by a four-step sequence. In a similar manner, the penicillin 13c was converted into carbatiazofurin enantiomer ent-1b. Both carbatiazofurin 1b and its enantiomer displayed cytotoxicity against a breast carcinoma cell line.


We recovered 52 timed analog accelerograms from 25 aftershocks of
the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake, between 3:33p.m. P.d.t. October
16 and 5:43 a.m. October 31. The largest aftershock that we
recorded (M_L =4.9) occurred at 4:16p.m. October 16. This aftershock
triggered eight accelerographs; preliminary estimates of epicentral
distance range from 7 to 35 km. The data from this aftershock may be
useful for study of both source and wave-propagation phenomena in
the Imperial Valley.


Stages of Emotion: Shakespeare, Performance, and Affect in Modern Anglo-American Film and Theatre Emily Lang Madison This dissertation makes a case for the Shakespearean stage in the modern AngloAmerican tradition as a distinctive laboratory for producing and navigating theories of emotion. The dissertation brings together Shakespeare performance studies and the newer fields of the history of emotions and cultural emotion studies, arguing that Shakespeare's enduring status as the playwright of human emotion makes the plays in performance critical sites of discourse about human emotion. More specifically, the dissertation charts how, since the late nineteenth century, Shakespeare performance has been implicated in an effort to understand emotion as it defines and relates to the "human" subject. The advent of scientific materialism and Darwinism involved a dethroning of emotion and its expression as a specially endowed human faculty, best evidenced by Charles Darwin's 1871 The Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals. Shakespeare's poetic, formal expression of the passions was seen as proof of this faculty, and nowhere better exemplified than in the tragedies and in the passionate displays of the great tragic heroes. The controversy surrounding the tragic roles of the famous Victorian actor-manager Henry Irving illustrates how the embodied, human medium of the Shakespearean stage served as valuable leverage in contemporary debates about emotion. The dissertation then considers major Shakespearean figures of the twentieth century, including Harley Granville Barker, Orson Welles, Laurence Olivier, and Peter Brook, whose "stages" similarly galvanize and reflect contestation and change in what William Reddy has called "emotional regimes" or Barbara Rosenwein "emotional communities." For each of these figures, a specific emotional paradigm is at stake in staging Shakespeare and particularly Shakespearean tragedy. I engage with a range of sources, from performance reviews to popular psychology, to locate these canonical moments in Shakespearean performance history as flashpoints in a cultural history of emotion.


The larval development of the hermit crab Areopaguristes nigroapiculus (Komai, 2009) (Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) is described and illustrated from the material reared in the laboratory. The development included three zoeal and a single megalopal stages. At 22–25°C, megalop of A. nigroapiculus was attained 6–9 days after hatching. The present paper is the first description of the complete larval development in the genus Areopaguristes. Morphological characters of zoeas and megalop of A. nigroapiculus are compared with those described for the closely related Paguristes species. The comparison on the zoeal characters revealed that A. nigroapiculus is distinguished from Paguristes species by the absence of anterolateral carapace spines and by the fused fourth telson process in zoea III. These two features are possible generic characters of Areopaguristes. In the rest of larval characters, A. nigroapiculus agree well with Paguristes species having three zoeal stages. In the plankton of Peter the Great Bay, the larvae of A. nigroapiculus sporadically occurred only in July and August, at depths of 3–45 m and surface water temperatures of 18–22°C.


Recently, Japanese rural policy has imagined such communities where people with different backgrounds (i. e. villagers and newcomers) live together and manage the comfortable "countryside landscape". However, the actual ways to build such communities are still inexplicit. This paper, taking a case from rurban community in Shiga Prefecture, considers the process of community organization from the angle of social consciousness and behavior.The outcomes of survey have hypothetically revealed the following two points as conditions for the community organization.1) Socialization of Newcomers: Newcomers to village community are apt to make trouble with villagers especially at the initial period of residence. Once the trouble has taken place, it leaves a long-term residue of hard relationship between them. A critical factor for avoiding such a trouble and smoothing adaptation of newcomers is "leaning" of preliminary knowledge on village customs.2) Networking on Environmental Management: The influential newcomers may promptly adopt the current concets on rural environment, such as "countryside landscape", but they are not experienced in carrying the concepts into cooperative practice. By contrast, the village influentials take temporizing measures to manage the local environment in traditional ways by mobilizing localite social relationship. Thus the existence of "linkers", who combine the concepts of influential newcomers with the experience of village influentials, could be a critical matter for the organization of "countryside community".


An integrated VDMOS-based PIC process was developed to increase the cost effectiveness and performance of 60 V high current circuits. Compact 60 V CMOS elements and a 140 m Omega -mm/sup 2/ VDMOS were integrated into a 3 mu m CMOS process using only one additional mask. This increased level of integration allowed the use of a cell-based ASPIC (application-specific power IC) methodology as an attractive alternative to conventional full-custom approaches. This was demonstrated in the development of a 10 A intelligent power switch for automotive applications.<<ETX>>


Abstract : A reactive ion etching (RIE) process has been developed to etch up to 1-micrometer (1 m) layer of low stress SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) film compatible for MEMS research applications. Etch rates from as low as 123 nm/min at 100 W to as high as 721 nm/min at 900 W powers were demonstrated using fluorocarbon (CF4) reactive gas plasma. RIE selectivity (SiO2/PR-Photoresist was 3:1 at 900W. The measured thickness variation was 0.13 m on 4-inch substrate for 1 m thick SiO2 film.


We study here the problem of improving the performance of decentralized regulators by optimizing the constrained observation matrices. A numerical example illustrates the solution.


A new data structure called Split Multi-terminal Binary Decision Diagrams (Split MTBDD) is introduced for representing Multi–Output logic Functions (MOF). Split MTBDDs are efficient for some functions where conventional BDDs are not. A Split MTBDD comprises interconnected MTBDD components, each associated with a "dichotomic fragment". The "dichotomy" reflects cognitive patterns introduced by the designer of a MOF specification. The paper describes a method of transforming an arbitrary MOF into a corresponding Split MTBDD. Experimental results indicate that Split MTBDDs are more compact than conventional MTBDDs for many benchmarks. Criteria for prediction of the Split MTBDD compactness are formulated and justified.


This paper has implemented and designed for measurement of pressure using wireless and applied it for our day-to-day power requirements. The pressure acts between the skin surface and its supporting surface that humans experience during daily activities. Here, we prefer sensors to measure the pressure, voltage and angle. Piezoelectric sensors are used for measure the pressure & voltage through LCD. Micro-Electro Mechanical Sensor (MEMS) is used to measure the speed from the 3D angle values. The Controller is developed to interface the Micro-electromechanical (MEMS) sensors and piezoelectric sensors that have been designed for analysis the pressure and get power during the body movement. By using the zigbee module, the analyzed pressure is transmitted and stored in the PC. The great advantage of this project is that it doesn't require any external power supply. Using the DC-DC booster it can increase the generated voltage and stored in battery. It provides power supply for this device and some electronic applications. Such device provides low power consumption, convenient and comfortable testing system.


Measurements of baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAOs) in galaxy surveys have been recognized as a powerful tool for constraining dark energy. However, this method relies on the knowledge of the size of the acoustic horizon at recombination derived from cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy measurements. This estimate is typically derived assuming a standard recombination scheme; additional radiation sources can delay recombination altering the cosmic ionization history and the cosmological inferences drawn from CMB and BAO data. In this paper we quantify the effect of delayed recombination on the determination of dark energy parameters from future BAO surveys such as the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and the Wide-Field Multi-Object Spectrograph. We find the impact to be small but still not negligible. In particular, if recombination is nonstandard (to a level still allowed by CMB data), but this is ignored, future surveys may incorrectly suggest the presence of a redshift-dependent dark energy component. On the other hand, in the case of delayed recombination, adding to the analysis one extra parameter describing deviations from standard recombination does not significantly degrade the error bars on dark energy parameters and yields unbiased estimates. This is due to the CMB-BAO complementarity.


The use of educational games in the classroom is not a new idea, however some educators are reluctant to give credibility to this teaching strategy in the college environment. Games that are misused or used for entertainment purposes have given this type of teaching strategy a negative reputation (Gredler, 1992; Greenblat, 1981; Petranek, 2000). However, when used as part of the experiential and active learning models of theorists such as Dewey and Kolb, instructional games can provide common experiences that can be analyzed, reflected on, adapted and customized to meet the needs and objectives of any type of course and level of education (Gredler, 1992; Greenblat, 1988; Petranek, 2000). Games can be used to reinforce or simulate course concepts and complex social structure systems, and they have been proven to increase student motivation, engagement and retention of material (Greenblat, 1988; Specht, 1991; Yaman, 2003). Games in the classroom can also be used to help students practice or refine knowledge and skills and to help review key concepts. Games can also help instructors identify gaps or weakness in students' knowledge and reinforce new relationships between important or complex concepts (Gredler, 1992; Greenblat, 1988).


ABSTRACT The goal for many PhD students in archaeology is tenure-track employment. Students primarily receive their training by tenure-track or tenured professors, and they are often tacitly expected—or explicitly encouraged—to follow in the footsteps of their advisor. However, the career trajectories that current and recent PhD students follow may hold little resemblance to the ones experienced by their advisors. To understand these different paths and to provide information for current PhD students considering pursuing a career in academia, we surveyed 438 archaeologists holding tenured or tenure-track positions in the United States. The survey, recorded in 2019, posed a variety of questions regarding the personal experiences of individual professors. The results are binned by the decade in which the respondent graduated. Evident patterns are discussed in terms of change over time. The resulting portraits of academic pathways through the past five decades indicate that although broad commonalities exist in the qualifications of early career academics, there is no singular pathway to obtaining tenure-track employment. We highlight the commonalities revealed in our survey to provide a set of general qualifications that might provide a baseline set of skills and experiences for an archaeologist seeking a tenure-track job in the United States.


There are countless reasons why Christopher *tchens has been a figure of international interest for decades, especially after his death in 2011. His combination of bafflingly eloquent prose with an inexhaustible interest in politics laid the foundation for an understanding of why his career in journalism was so successful. Most consistent, however, may have been Hitchens' penchant for--and there is no reason to be overly verbose about this--making many people very angry for long periods of time. Enter Richard Seymour and his ironically titled, if you recognize the reference to one of his subject's own philippics, Unhitched: The Trial of Christopher Hitchens. Unhitched comes as a Counterblasts installment, part of a series from Verso Books, a publication Hitchens also frequented, aiming to revive a sort of polemical pamphleteering tradition. Seymour's argument is best contextualized in terms of political spectra. Above all, this is a row between two leftists, one of which insists on disallowing his opponent from posthumous membership on the left at all. Seymour wishes take the traditional view of Hitchens as a figure who, although on the left for his entire life on most issues, defied neat categorization and instead insist that Hitchens fits a recognizable and common type: the apostate leftist. Although surveying a vast array of his subject's body of work, Seymour's analysis pivots on one issue: Iraq. Hitchens followed the same basic pattern as many on the left in the US. Unanimous support in the Senate of the Iraq Liberation Act in 1998 set the framework for a collective understanding of Saddam Hussein as worse than the run-of-the-mill dictator. It is a memory many wish to repress, but a majority of Democratic senators did indeed vote for the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002. Little needs to be said for what followed except for the fact that, before admitting that he was mistaken on Iraq and that the war was handled poorly--which he eventually did, completing the cycle of so many of his comrades--Christopher Hitchens became stuck. It was within those few years that the situation in Iraq was deteriorating and support for the war plummeting that Hitchens dug in and lost so many friends on the left. Although this period was bewildering to some followers of Hitchens, it does not warrant Seymour's obsession. He speaks of Hitchens' "decision to back Bush" as if agreeing with him on the issue of Iraq implied a deep ideological connection between the two, which it never did. …


The gas chamber is an integral part of various gas-liquid equipment such as packed columns, plate columns, bubble columns, etc. CFD simulation of the flow pattern was carried out in a gas chamber of square cross-section and provided with sieve-plate distributor. Velocities through all the holes were estimated for assessing the uniformity of the gas chamber distribution. The aspect ratio and superficial gas velocity were varied in the range of 0.5 to 4 and 0.02 to 0.2 m/s respectively. The effects of free area and hole diameter were investigated in the range of 0.6 to 6% and 3 to 9 mm respectively. The role of nozzle size and its location with respect to the distributor was analyzed on the uniformity of gas distribution.


This paper proposes an improved method of simultaneously suppressing the second harmonic (2h) dc-bus voltage pulsation and torque ripple by a compensation unit in parallel with the dc bus in the wind power permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) system with asymmetric impedance. Compared to the existing methods, the proposed method uses fewer power devices and requires a much lower compensation current. These results in a lower power rating, lower power switch and copper losses, and a smaller compensation inductor in the compensation unit. In addition, the corresponding compensation current control is much simpler to operate. Overall, it is an effective method of suppressing the 2h dc bus voltage, although a dc voltage source is required in the compensation unit. The compensation effectiveness has been experimentally verified on a prototype asymmetric PMSG with inherent asymmetry and deliberately introduced asymmetries.


Trevor Powell, a Consultant Clinical Neuropsychologist, and Kit Malia, Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapist, are well known for their work in brain injury rehabilitation and this workbook provides materials developed by them over their many years in this field. In his introduction, Trevor Powell describes the context in which he uses these materials. He notes that the workbook is primarily designed for use when working with groups of people with brain injury; though he suggests that it can be used equally well in one-to-one sessions or even by the clients independently. He discusses how the groups in which he has used the materials have five different therapeutic aspects including: focused stimulation (mental exercise); learning compensatory coping strategies; acquiring insight and awareness; emotional adjustment; and improving self-efficacy and feeling more in control.


We develop a data-dependent optimization and generalization theory for neural networks which leverages the lowrankness of the Jacobian matrix associated with the network. Our results help demystify why training and generalization is easier on clean and structured datasets and harder on noisy and unstructured datasets. Specifically, we show that over the principal eigendirections of the Jacobian matrix space learning is fast and one can quickly train a model with zero training loss that can also generalize well. Over the smaller eigendirections, training is slower and early stopping can help with generalization at the expense of some bias. We also discuss how neural networks can learn better representations over time in terms of the Jacobian mapping. We conduct various numerical experiments on deep networks that corroborate our theoretical findings and demonstrate that: (i) the Jacobian of typical neural networks exhibit low-rank structure with a few large singular values and many small ones, (ii) most of the useful label information lies on the principal eigendirections where learning is fast, and (iii) Jacobian adapts over time and learn better representations.


Let C be a smooth projective algebraic curve of genus g over the finite field F_q. A classical result of H. Martens states that the Brill-Noether locus of line bundles L in Pic^d C with deg L = d and h^0(L) >= i is of dimension at most d-2i+2, under conditions that hold when such an L is both effective and special. We show that the number of such L that are rational over F_q is bounded above by K_g q^(d-2i+2), with an explicit constant K_g that grows exponentially with g. Our proof uses the Weil estimates for function fields, and is independent of Martens' theorem. We apply this bound to give a precise lower bound of the form 1 - K'_g/q for the probability that a line bundle in (Pic^(g+1) C)(F_q) is base point free. This gives an effective version over finite fields of the usual statement that a general line bundle of degree g+1 is base point free. This is applicable to the author's work on fast Jacobian group arithmetic for typical divisors on curves.


The corrosion performance of carbon steel X52 was studied after exposure up to 12 months in three atmospheric environments in Egypt. The results are in agreement with kinetic equations of the form P=AtB, where P is the corrosion penetration, t is time, and A, and B are constants. The corrosion resistance of carbon steel, especially in industrial and urban sites are better than in coastal site. The corrosion products were characterized by XRD and SEM.


Abstract 3959 Introduction: Interleukin (IL)-6 serves as a growth factor for B-cell non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma (NHL), multiple myeloma (MM), and Castleman9s disease (CD). Siltuximab (CNTO 328) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the biological activity of human IL-6. We have previously reported interim safety and efficacy of siltuximab, which is highly notable in CD (van Rhee et al, Blood 2008;112:1008; Kurzrock et al, Blood 2008;112:1009). We now report the long-term safety of siltuximab in the 29 patients who were treated for more than 1 yr. Methods: An open-label, dose-finding, phase 1 trial of siltuximab in patients with B-cell NHL, MM, or CD was conducted. Five dose-escalation cohorts with increasing total dose exposure [3 mg/kg q 2 weeks (n=6), 6 mg/kg q 2 weeks (n=7), 12 mg/kg q 3 weeks (n=10), 6 mg/kg q 1 week (n=6), 12 mg/kg q 2 weeks (n=6)] were studied initially. Two additional cohorts were subsequently added: 12 mg/kg q 3 weeks as a 1-hour infusion (n=12) and a CD extension cohort with exploratory biomarkers (9 mg/kg q 3 weeks, n=12; 12 mg/kg q 3 weeks, n=8). Between Jun 2005 and Sep 2009, 67 patients (37 CD, 13 MM, 17 NHL) with median age 54 (range 18–82) yrs were enrolled. Results: Twenty-nine patients (24 CD, 3 MM, 2 NHL) were treated for at least 1 yr, including 19 and 15 patients treated for >2 and >3 yrs, respectively, with maximum duration of therapy up to 5 yrs. The grade ≥3 AEs most commonly reported between yrs 1 and 2 (irrespective of attribution to siltuximab) were infections (n=7, 24%), including device-related infection and bacteraemia (n=1), staph bacteraemia (n=1), wound abscess and pneumonia (n=1), limb and vulval abscesses (n=1), rectal abscess (n=1), bronchitis (n=1), and herpes zoster (n=1). Other common grade ≥3 AEs were blood and lymphatic system disorders (14%, most were neutropenia [10%]), and gastrointestinal disorders (10%, most were nausea [7%]). Incidence of AEs in these system-organ classes did not increase with longer duration of treatment. AEs of all grades reported in >10% of patients between yrs 1 and 2 were: nausea (31%); diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection (each 28%); leukopenia, hepatic function abnormal, hypertriglyceridemia (each 21%); anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, sinusitis, hypercholesterolemia (each 14%). However, the majority of these AEs were low grade and tended to decrease with time. SAEs did not increase over time (n=5 between yrs 1–2, n=2 between yrs 2–3, n=4 at >3 yrs), and no specific SAE was reported in more than 1 patient. No patient discontinued therapy due to an AE during the long-term follow-up period, and there were no treatment-related deaths. Although some patients experienced clinically significant laboratory-related AEs, the laboratory results showed that mean levels of creatinine and triglycerides remained stable over time. In the 15 patients treated for ≥3 yrs, the following laboratory parameters showed modest trends of increase in mean value at 36 mos: hemoglobin increased to 13.9 g/dL from 12.4 g/dL at baseline, cholesterol increased to 201.07 mg/dL from 160.73 mg/dL at baseline, and bilirubin increased to 0.76 mg/dL from 0.49 mg/dL at baseline. On the other hand, at 36 mos in these 15 patients, the mean neutrophil count decreased to 3.70 x10 3 /μL from 6.65 x10 3 /μL at baseline, and the mean platelet count decreased to 216.0 x10 3 /μL from 381.8 x10 3 /μL at baseline. No severe infusion-related reactions were reported. At the time of database lock, 20 patients (1 MM, 19 CD) were still receiving study treatment. All 24 CD patients treated for ≥1 yr had sustained clinical responses, and half (n=12) also had an objective radiologic response, including 1 CR and 11 PR based on central radiology review. Ten of the 12 responders were treated with the highest dose of siltuximab (12 mg/kg), including 1 patient who responded after switching to 12 mg/kg. In addition, 3 unconfirmed PR were seen in the CD patients. Five patients with MM or NHL treated for ≥1 yr also had clinical benefit, including 2 CR and 1 prolonged SD in 3 MM patients and durable PR (>4 mos) in 2 NHL patients. Conclusion: Siltuximab appears to have a favorable safety profile suitable for chronic dosing and shows clinical activity as a single agent, especially in treating Castleman9s disease. Phase 2 and 3 studies are ongoing to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of siltuximab in patients with multicentric Castleman9s disease and in combination with other agents in patients with multiple myeloma. Disclosures: Kurzrock: Centocor Ortho Biotech Research & Development: Research Funding. Voorhees: Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Centocor Ortho Biotech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; MedImmune: Consultancy, Research Funding. Casper: Johnson & Johnson: Research Funding. Fayad: Centocor Ortho Biotech Research & Development: Research Funding. Lonial: Millenium: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Bristol Myers-Squibb: Consultancy; Onyx: Consultancy; Merck: Consultancy. Borghaei: Genetech: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Eli Lilly: Honoraria. Jagannath: Educational Concepts Group: Teaching/Lectures; Envision Communication: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Teaching/Lectures; Imedex, LLC: Teaching/Lectures; Japanese Society of Hematology: Teaching/Lectures; Medical Learning Institute: Teaching/Lectures; Becker Pharmaceutical: Questionnaire regarding drug usage; Clinical Care Options, LLC: Teaching/Lectures; American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO): Editorial Board – Cancer.net; Medicom Worldwide: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck Sharp & Dohme: Investigator9s Meeting; Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Teaching/Lectures; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical: Member, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Dava Oncology: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Teaching/Lectures; MMRF: Teaching/Lectures; PER Group: Teaching/Lectures; Prime Oncology: Teaching/Lectures; South Carolina Oncology Society: Teaching/Lectures; CIG Media Group: Editor for Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma Leukemia Journal; Research to Practice: Teaching/Lectures. van de Velde: Johnson & Johnson: Employment, Equity Ownership. Qin: Ortho Biotech Oncology Research & Development: Employment. Qi: Ortho Biotech Oncology Research & Development: Employment. Cornfeld: Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Employment, Equity Ownership. van Rhee: Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding.


Genomes like Glycine max (soybean) that have been highly conserved following increases in ploidy (by duplication or hybridization) present challenges for bioinformatics and genome analysis. At http://soybeangenome.siu.edu the Soybean Genome Database (SoyGD) genome browser has, since 2002, integrated and served the publicly available soybean physical map, BAC fingerprint database and genetic map associated genomic data (1). Duplicated regions have been identified and catalogued with a-d suffix to marker anchor names and contig names that communicate ploidy (ctg>8000 are tetraploid, ctg>9000 are octoploid). DNA sequence data has been used to separate DNA marker anchors from homologs of DNA marker anchors in BAC pools. About 200 gene families were mapped by EST hybridization. About 23,000 minimum tiling path (MTP) BIBAC clones provided BAC end sequences (BES) to decorate the physical map and were added to the database as separate tracks. Predicted gene models were developed for about 15% of the BES. From these models candidate genes underlying disease resistance, seed yield and seed protein, oil or isoflavone content were detected and fine-mapped. In recent additions 1 Gbp of genome sequence was made available in about 1500 scaffolds by DOE. Methods for display were improved by cross-referencing the BES and WGS with Arabidopsis (3). In genome evolution analyses more than a thousand additional microsatellite marker anchors were developed for contigs, 353 on the map and about 700 still in new microsatellite markers on the genetic map with contigs and associated features. About half of the markers mapped to regions of the genome that formed gaps in earlier maps suggesting marker clustering biases. SoyGD represents the new build 5 for the physical map with 800 contigs from the 76,749 fingerprinted clones publicly available. New QTL data has been incorporated from the newly release 'Essex' by 'Forrest' and 'Flyer' by 'Hartwig' RIL populations. Gene expression data has been added to the gene models represented in SoyGD. This work was supported by NSF project #9878635 and USB 2218-6218.


Innate immune defense against deep tissue infection by Staphylococcus aureus is orchestrated by fibroblasts that become antimicrobial when triggered to differentiate into adipocytes. However, the role of this process in noninfectious human diseases is unknown. To investigate the potential role of adipogenesis by dermal fibroblasts in acne, a disorder triggered by Cutibacterium acnes, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on human acne lesions and mouse skin challenged by C. acnes. A transcriptome consistent with adipogenesis was observed within specific fibroblast subsets from human acne and mouse skin lesions infected with C. acnes. Perifollicular dermal preadipocytes in human acne and mouse skin lesions showed colocalization of PREF1, an early marker of adipogenesis, and cathelicidin (Camp), an antimicrobial peptide. This capacity of C. acnes to specifically trigger production of cathelicidin in preadipocytes was dependent on TLR2. Treatment of wild-type mice with retinoic acid (RA) suppressed the capacity of C. acnes to form acne-like lesions, inhibited adipogenesis, and enhanced cathelicidin expression in preadipocytes, but lesions were unresponsive in Camp−/− mice, despite the anti-adipogenic action of RA. Analysis of inflamed skin of acne patients after retinoid treatment also showed enhanced induction of cathelicidin, a previously unknown beneficial effect of retinoids in difficult-to-treat acne. Overall, these data provide evidence that adipogenic fibroblasts are a critical component of the pathogenesis of acne and represent a potential target for therapy. Description Fibroblasts in the dermis differentiate into an adipogenic and antimicrobial cell population that influences acne development. Acne in action Adipogenesis plays a key role during deep tissue infection with Staphylococcus aureus, but the contribution of this process in acne caused by Cutibacterium acnes is not well understood. O'Neill et al. demonstrate that adipogenesis in skin fibroblasts is critical to acne pathogenesis. In mice and humans, perifollicular dermal preadipocytes were a subset of fibroblasts that showed colocalization of the PREF1 adipogenesis marker with the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin upon exposure to C. acnes in a TLR2-dependent manner. Retinoic acid treatment of wild-type mice promoted enhanced cathelicidin expression, inhibited adipogenesis, and suppressed acne-like lesion formation, and acne patients undergoing retinoid treatment also showed induction of cathelicidin. These data indicate that adipogenic fibroblasts are critical to acne pathogenesis.


ABSTRACT Jungian sandplay predominates the existing literature on sand-tray therapy. Although there is a small volume of literature on alternative approaches of using sand-tray with adults, most primarily focuses on children and adolescents. The study aimed to establish a sand-tray therapy framework to be utilized by practitioners who are not Jungian trained and intend to use this intervention with adult clients. The grounded theory multiple case study involved six client-participants receiving six sand-tray therapy sessions. The pluralistic model established incorporates inter-relational and intra-psychic dimensions. Concepts include phenomenological shift and two sand-tray specific mechanisms of phenomenological anchor and phenomenological hook, aiding 'edge of awareness' and unconscious processing. In this study, pluralistic sand-tray therapy was deemed successful based on improved CORE-10 clinical scores and the various participant feedback collected.


Under the modern manufacturing environment-oriented, both productivity and green environmental consideration are made in diverse phases of production operations. In this paper, in order to dynamically analyse and control changes of Work-In-Process (WIP) inventory level, a centralized fuzzy control method is proposed. Additionally, a new environmental management accounting method, Material Flow Cost Accounting (MFCA), is adopted to find and calculate environmental waste hiding in the production processes. Moreover, a simulation model integrated with these methods above is constructed. Based on the simulation data, sensitivity analysis between control factors of WIP inventory level and negative product costs ratio is made. To achieve a reasonable productivity as well as green environmental performance for this case, a corresponding optimized solving measure is put forward by means of OptQuest in the Arena simulation system. Through studying, the proposed control approach of WIP can reduce the green environmental cost, and improve production capacity.


Previous studies using a simplified LF source model [Qi and Bi, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96, 1182–1185 (1994)] to describe pathological voice sources indicated that model fit to the return phase is particularly poor. To examine the perceptual importance of differences in how the return phase is modeled, various functions were fitted to the source waveforms that had been obtained by inverse filtering. Voices were then resynthesized using these different source functions, and the resulting signals were compared perceptually to the original natural voice and to versions synthesized with LF modeled sources. The perceptual importance of changes in closing phase modeling for these severely pathological voices will be discussed, as will the range of functions necessary to obtain perceptually satisfactory synthesis of severely deviant voice sources. [Research supported by NIH.]


dish is thus equivalent to allowing the embryo to die. If stem cells are then retrieved from the embryos that have expired, the retrieval is morally analogous to retrieval of vital organs from those who are newly deceased. Embryos in a petri dish may be killed by deliberately discarding them into the lab sink or adding a lethal compound to the medium surrounding them in the petri dish. Alternatively, they may be allowed to die in a respectful or disrespectful manner. Just as some people are allowed to die in a morally reprehensible way (e.g., when death is probably avoidable without extraordinary interventions), allowing embryos to die may be wrong if their probability of survival is high without extraordinary interventions. Since this is not the case, embryos may be allowed to die in a respectful manner; they may even be buried with an accompanying ritual, just as born humans are sometimes allowed to die and be buried with appropriate rituals. There seems, then, to be an ethical bypass to the dilemma faced by those who wish to avoid the direct killing of nascent human life while supporting the therapeutic possibilities of stem cell research. Regardless of whether developing embryos are deemed persons, respect for human life in its earliest stages is compatible with research on stem cells obtained from human embryos so long as the cells are retrieved from embryos that have been allowed, respectfully, to die.


With literature resources,tests,questionnaires and statistics,we chose students in senior grade one who entering Fuzhou No. 1 High School in 2013 as the research object. We tested and analyzed physical health items at the beginning of an academic year when the intervention measures have not yet been taken and at the end of the academic year after the measures have been taken. We found that the physical conditions and the pass rate have been improved through intervention measures including stressing the importance of life- time physical exercise,cultivating sports interest,enhancing the high standard of endurance test,strengthening the teaching quality of every lesson,carrying on the campus running program and adding test items for optional classes,etc.


High strength steel which meets the requirement of Q550 and Q620 in GB/T 162701996 was obtained by two stage controlled rolling followed by accelerated cooling.With optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD),the effect of finish cooling temperature and finish rolling temperature was evaluated.The result shows that yield strength,tensile strength,yield ratio and elongation increases with the decreasing of the finish cooling temperature and high finish rolling temperature is not helpful to microstructure refinement,which is detrimental to strength and toughness improvement.Size of M-A islands increases with increasing of finish cooling temperature,which leads to lower toughness and ductility of the steels.


This work deals with dynamical system analysis of Holographic Dark Energy (HDE) cosmological model with different infra-red (IR)-cutoff. By suitable transformation of variables, the Einstein field equations are converted to an autonomous system. The critical points are determined and the stability of the equilibrium points are examined by Center Manifold Theory and Lyapunov function method. Possible bifurcation scenarios have also been explained.


The operation of a six channel interference filter spectrum analyser is described which was used in laser scattering measurements on a pulsed plasma. The spectral resolution of the system was 6 AA and the width of the spectrum measured was about 50 AA. The image dissector which directed the dispersed light to the six photomultipliers was a transmitting type multiprism made of clear plastic.


Background. The proper polymerization of light curing composite materials primarily demands adequate amount of the energy using the polymerization lamps light during the polymerization process. The component which can negatively influence the polymerization lamps light intensity, quality and the progress of the polymerization process of composite material is the condition of the optical fibre tip due to its damage or contamination. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the optical fibre tip surface quality on the light intensity value of halogen polymerization lamp. Material and Methods. Halogen polymerization lamp PolyLUX II® (KaVo) and optical fibres: the new one and with a different degree of a tip surface damage were used in this study. The light intensity was measured with the radiometer Cromatest 7041® (Mega-Physik). Results. Directly proportional decrease in the polymerization lamp light intensity to the optical fibre tip surface damage was found. Conclusions. Optical fibre tip surface damage has a negative influance on the light intensity value of halogen polymerization lamp (Dent. Med. Probl. 2010, 47, 3, 309–313).


Carvedilol is metabolized via both oxidation and conjugation pathways in dog and rat to more than 12 different products. Several glucuronide conjugates of the parent drug were identified. The drug contains an aliphatic hydroxyl, an aliphatic amine and a carbazole amine, all of which are potential sites for conjugation with glucuronic acid. In order to determine the positions of glucuronidation, a strategy involving acetylation of the metabolites was devised. The metabolites were acetylated using acetic anhydride in either pyridine or aqueous solution, and the products were analyzed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Carvedilol was acetylated at both the hydroxyl and the aliphatic amine in pyridine and at only the aliphatic amine in aqueous solution. The carbazole nitrogen was unreactive under both conditions. Based on the acetylation patterns observed for the metabolites in pyridine or aqueous solution, the positions of conjugation were determined. Each of the five glucuronide metabolites of carvedilol formed in dog and rat was analyzed and the structures included two diastereomeric carbamoyl glucuronide metabolites formed from addition of CO2 and glcuronic acid to carvedilol, a carbazole-N-linked glucuronide, and two diastereomeric O-linked glucuronides. This approach should be generally applicable in many cases to determine the structures of glucuronide conjugates for compounds which contain more than one potential glucuronidation site.


Two design concepts are presented for realization of a microfluidic controller consisting of a microvalve and a flow sensor. One concept relies on a modular system design, which allows a maximum degree of flexibility in combining different microfluidic components on a microfluidic chip. In the second concept, the microfluidic components are fully integrated in order to minimize system size and dead volumes. The design concepts are implemented using a polymer-based fabrication technology. By using a proportional-integral control scheme, the microfluidic controller with integrated design shows the better performance. In this case, a minimum control tolerance of 1% and a time constant of 70 ms are achieved.


Trifluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal reacted with unmodified ketones in the presence of 30 to 50 each mol% of amines and acids at ambient temperature, affording the corresponding β-hydroxy-β-trifluoromethylated ketones in good yields with good to excellent diastereoselectivities. Furthermore, L-proline-catalyzed asymmetric direct aldol reaction of trifluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal with unmodified ketones also proceeded smoothly to produce the corresponding β-hydroxy-β-trifluoromethylated ketones with good to excellent diastereo- and enantio-selectivities.


Pins of loader are damaged easily, and most of them have been abandoned every year. Remanufacturing for pins can reduce waste of natural resources and energy sources. In this paper, pins with different abrasion loss were selected and remanufactured by electrical arc spraying and oxy-acetylene flame spray welding, respectively. Then, the parameters of remanufactured pins such as dimension, surface roughness, surface hardness and crack were measured. Furthermore, the friction and wear characteristics of the repair coating/nickel coating pair were tested under dry lubrication condition with the MRH-3 high-speed ring-block friction and wear testing machine. With the help of SEM (scanning electron microscope) to observe the surface morphology of blocks, abrasion resistance of spray welding coating and spray coating were analyzed. Results indicate that two remanufacturing techniques both can make the scrap pins as new products, but pins which are remanufactured in the way of oxy-acetylene flame spray welding have better abrasion resistance than the way of electrical arc spraying.


ABSTRACT Mathematics education researchers agree that students' mathematical learning can be positively impacted by making connections to their out of school experiences through a funds of knowledge lens. This is especially important for diverse students whose experiences are often underrepresented in school curricula. Making these connections can be challenging for teachers whose experiences often differ from their students. We examine how conversations between preservice teachers and Latina mothers influenced the teachers' creation of a mathematics lesson that connected to students' out of school experiences. Findings suggest the importance of offering preservice teachers opportunities to learn from parents about their children's out of school experiences.


This article presents a case study of two families over a seven-month period as they move from fan to applicant to cast of the home improvement reality TV program Trading Spaces: Family. Specifically, we detail the discrepancies between the actuality of participation and the preferred "reality" of dramatic and collaborative interior design. We explore how program format, contracts, and selective editing are employed to control unscripted events and how these strategies shape the participants' experiences and expectations of their home makeovers.


The increased worldwide exploitation of nanomaterials has reinforced the importance of introducing nanoscale aspects into the undergraduate and graduate curriculum. To meet this need, a novel nano-laboratory module was developed and successfully performed by science and engineering students. The main goal of the experiment was to accurately quantify the total silver composition of a nanocolloid with modern inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) instrumentation in conjunction with two well-established methods that are heavily employed in both research and industrial settings. Specifically, undergraduate and graduate students estimated the total silver composition of Creighton colloidal nanoparticles via the external calibration method (16.3 ± 4.7 mg L-1) and the standard addition method (14.9 ± 4.2 mg L-1) at two emission wavelengths (328.068 and 338.898 nm). The assessment of basic laboratory skills and the class assignments showed that the students successfully mastered the various aspects of sample/standard preparation, the operation of the ICP-OES instrument, and the data analysis. Students' interest and experience in this laboratory were highly rated in the anonymous student evaluations.


Abstract : This technical report describes results of studies conducted by the U.S. Army Engineer District, Portland, and the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, to evaluate prototype fish bypass systems at Bonneville Dam, Washington and Oregon. The bypass systems included a prototype surface collector at Powerhouse I, an extended submersible bar screen at Turbine Unit S, and the ice-trash sluice chute at Powerhouse 2. The performance of each route for passing juvenile salmon was evaluated using fixed-aspect hydroacoustics. Surface passage routes proved to be highly effective in bypassing young salmon.