OBJECT: This study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term angiographic outcome of surgically treated aneurysms, which is un- known. Specifically, the incidence of recurrent aneurysms, the fate of residual necks, and the de novo formation of aneurysms were evaluated. METHODS: One hundred two patients (80 females and 22 males; mean age 49 years; range 12–78 years) harboring a total of 167 aneurysms underwent late follow-up angiography; 160 aneurysms were surgically treated. Late angiographic follow-up review was obtained at a mean of 4.4 (cid:54) 1.6 years postsurgery (range 2.6–9.7 years). Late follow-up angiography revealed two recurrent aneurysms (1.5%) of 135 clipped aneu- rysms without residua. Of 12 aneurysms with known residua, there were eight "dog-ear" residua, of which two (25%) enlarged. One hemorrhage was noted, yielding a hemorrhage risk of 1.9% per year. A second subgroup with broad-based residua revealed dramatic regrowth in three of four cases. Eight de novo aneurysms were found in six patients, for an annual risk of 1.8% per year. A history of multiple aneurysms was associated with de novo aneurysm formation (p (cid:53) 0.049, chi-square analysis). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the long-term efficacy of aneurysm clip ligation. In addition, the authors found there is a small but significant risk of de novo aneurysm formation, particularly in patients with multiple aneurysms. Most residual aneurysm rests appear to remain stable, although a subset may enlarge or rupture. These findings support the rationale for late angiographic follow-up review in patients with aneurysms. AB-14559-00 Cognition Following 1999;91:402–407. OBJECT: This study was conducted to define neuropsychological changes following operation for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by rupture of an anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm and to assess the influence of the timing of surgery to clip the aneurysm. METHODS: Cognitive outcome was evaluated using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery in patients with an ACoA aneurysm that had caused an SAH. Adult patients younger than 70 years of age who had achieved a favorable neurological outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale scores of 4 or 5) were studied 6 to 24 months postsurgery. Patients were divided into early (Days 0–3) and late surgery groups (after Day 3) according to the timing of surgery after the ictus. Neuropsycho- logical analysis was performed by reviewers who were blinded to the timing of surgery. Forty-seven patients whose mean age was 51.5 years were tested. They were compared with age- and intelligence quotient (IQ)-matched controls by using premorbid IQ as estimated on the National Adult Reading Test. Patients showed deficiencies in several tasks of verbal fluency, pattern recognition, and spatial working memory; this profile of deficits was similar to that seen in patients who underwent temporal lobe excisions. However, there was no significant difference in cognitive performance between the early and late surgery groups. CONCLUSIONS: After open surgery for ruptured ACoA aneurysms, patients who have achieved a favorable neurological outcome still exhibit significant cognitive deficits, primarily in tests sensitive to temporal lobe dysfunction. However, early surgery does not carry a higher risk of neuropsychological OBJECT: The authors confirm the usefulness of extravasation detected on three-dimensional computerized tomography (3D-CT) angiography in the diagnosis of continued hemorrhage and establishment of its cause in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS: Thirty-one patients with acute ICH in whom noncontrast and 3D-CT angiography had been performed within 12 hours of the onset of hemorrhage and in whom conventional cerebral angiographic studies were obtained during the chronic stage were prospectively studied. Noncontrast CT scanning was repeated within 24 hours of the onset of ICH to evaluate hematoma enlargement. Findings indicating extravasation on 3D-CT angiography, including any abnormal area of high density on helical CT scanning, were observed in five patients; three of these demonstrated hematoma enlargement on follow-up CT studies. Thus, specificity was 60% (three correct predictions among five positives) and sensitivity was 100% (19 correct predictions among 19 negatives). Evidence of extravasation on 3D-CT angiography indicates that there is persistent hemorrhage and correlates with enlargement of the hematoma. Regarding the cause of hemorrhage, five cerebral aneurysms were visualized in four patients, and two diagnoses of moyamoya disease and one of unilateral moyamoya phenomenon were made with the aid of 3D-CT angiography. Emergency surgery was performed without conventional angiography in one patient who had an aneurysm, and it was clipped successfully. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 3D-CT angiography was found to be valuable in the diagnosis of the cause of hemorrhage and in the detection of persistent hemorrhage in patients OBJECT: The goal of this study was to evaluate the results of early surgical evacuation of "packed" intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS: The authors performed surgery within 24 hours after onset of SAH, identified on neuroimaging as a cast distending the ventricular system, in 74 patients with poor-grade SAH (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies Grades IV and V) without intracerebral hemorrhage. Eighteen of these patients had packed IVH; in these patients the intraventricular clots were extensively evacuated via frontal corticotomy performed under microscopic view. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 42% of the 74 patients undergoing craniotomy in the acute stage had favorable outcomes, whereas 30% died. Using multivariate analysis, variables significantly associated with favorable outcome in patients with poor-grade SAH included absence of a packed intraventricular clot on computerized tomography scanning; absence of a history of cardiac disease; and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 11 or 12. None of the 18 patients who had The abstracts in this section have been typeset for consistency with journal format but otherwise appear as in the original articles. IVH favorable outcomes and seven of these died. In six recently treated patients with packed IVH, which was examined using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging, extensive periventricular brain damage was found both immediately after surgery and during the chronic stage. Accordingly, the that irreversible periventricular brain damage is already complete immediately after packed IVH occurs. OBJECTIVE: Balloon-assisted technique is a promising technical adjunct to use of Guglielmi detachable coils for embolization of wide-necked aneurysms. In this study using experimental aneurysms in swine, the safety and long-term efficacy of this technique were evaluated. METHODS: Sixteen wide-necked aneurysms (sidewall model) were surgically created in common carotid arteries of swine. In the acute study of eight aneurysms, intra-aneurysmal pressure changes were recorded during balloon inflation in different positions of the balloon relative to the neck of the aneurysm. In the chronic study, eight aneurysms were treated with this technique, and follow-up angiography was performed 14 days postembolization. The animals were then killed for macroscopic evaluation. RESULTS: In the acute study, the systolic intra-aneurysmal blood pressure increased with balloon inflation at the distal portion of the neck and with balloon inflation/occlusion across the entire neck of the aneurysm. In the chronic study, seven of eight cases were embolized with satisfactory occlusion, and six showed no coil displacement on the follow-up angiogram. In five cases, macroscopic evaluation of the aneurysm showed that the coils were compacted CONCLUSION: This preliminary study indicates that balloon-assisted Guglielmi detachable coiling technology may produce a temporary increase of pressure within the aneurysm while occluding the aneurysmal neck during coil delivery. This sudden change of intra-aneurysmal pressure may potentially be the cause of aneurysm rupture in the clinical setting. The balloon must be inflated and deflated very slowly to minimize these potentially risky hemodynamic changes. Although angiographic follow-up showed successful obliteration of aneurysms, further long-term angiographic studies are necessary to establish the durability of this technique. with saccular aneurysm and arteriopathy (13.0%) for and, for infarction, dissection arteritis hematologic conditions and coexisting and of embolism (5.2%). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that impaired on and were good predictors of for brain hemorrhage, while impaired and the effect of progressive worsening, limb past of and previous attack were predictors of not but infarction the number increased Our study shows that several after alone not large was present in the absence of intrinsic MCA or PCA disease. A hemodynamic mechanism was assigned when systemic hypotension was present. RESULTS: Among patients with unilateral lesions, 10 were embolic (7 cardiac, 3 carotid), 7 were unknown, and one patient had vasospasm from a ruptured aneurysm. Visual field abnormalities pre-dominated over motor, sensory, and language abnormalities. All patients with bilateral posterior border-zone lesions had perioperative hypotension. Prolonged lethargy, bilateral limb weakness, and cortical blindness were common. CONCLUSIONS: Embolism, either cardiac or from the parent carotid artery, is the predominant stroke mechanism in unilateral posterior border-zone infarcts, not distal field perfusion failure. Bilateral posterior border-zone infarcts have a distinctive clinical presentation and are caused by systemic hypotension. Variability of irrigation of the major arteries, passage of emboli to border-zone areas, and decreased clearance of emboli in these areas explain the


The response of active‐layer thickness and the ground thermal regime to climatic conditions on the Ulu Peninsula (James Ross Island, northeastern Antarctic Peninsula) in 2011–13 is presented. The mean air temperature over this period was –8.0°C and ground temperature at 5 cm depth varied from –6.4°C (2011–12) to –6.7°C (2012–13). The active‐layer thickness ranged between 58 cm (January 2012) and 52 cm (February 2013). Correlation analyses indicate that air temperature affects ground temperature more significantly on snow‐free days (R2 = 0.82) than on snow cover days (R2 = 0.53). Although the effect of snow cover on the daily amplitude of ground temperature was observable to 20 cm depth, the overall influence of snow depth on ground temperature was negligible (freezing n‐factor of 0.95–0.97). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


day of congress. Another decision that has been made is that there will be no separate volume of transactions. In the past the volume of transactions has been a difficulty for the reason that the transactions are issued to members of congress only. The result was that original work presented at congress did not reach a wide public. At the fifth session (Adelaide) in 1937 the separate volume of transactions was dropped. The "congress numbers" of


Pump-pipeline systems are a common feature of every industry and account for about 20% of the world's electrical energy demand. Pump and pipe selection should happen simultaneously in pump-pipe system design rather than first sizing the pipe and then finding the pump to go with the pipe. Further, proper selection of systems should go beyond just considering only the initial cost but the total cost of ownership- the life cycle cost (LCC). In this paper a spreadsheet tool is developed for pump-pipe system technical analysis with the output design parameters facilitating LCC analysis. The program can calculate the operating point of any size of pump, at any given speed and with any pipe size and by use of appropriate cost models determine the unit cost of pumping for each system. Dimensionless pump characteristic curves that are generic for all radial flow pumps are modelled by multi-polynomial equations. Dimensional similitude can then be used to determine the actual characteristic curves for any pump of given impeller diameter and rotational speed. The system resistance curve is calculated from well-known hydraulic formulae and represented by a quadratic equation. The operating point of the pump-pipe system is obtained from a simultaneous solution of the quadratic equations representing the pump and the pipe resistance curves. Best practice technical constraints, like maximum deviation from best-efficiency point (BEP), allowable net positive suction head and maximum allowable operating hours, can be set by the designer. Operating the pump-pipe system near best efficiency point is desirable since it reduces both energy and pump maintenance costs. A pump-pipe system is selected only if it falls within designer-specified best practice constraints. The life cycle cost of each system that passes the first test is then calculated using discounting techniques and the pump-pipe system with the least LCC is adopted.,Zimbabwe Institution of Engineers


While the multifunctional role of steroid hormones in prostate cancer and men's health was recognized early, the apparent clinical benefit afforded by ADT tipped the scales in favor of androgen deprivation in men with advanced prostate cancer.


In a recent letter Gunston has presented a wonderfully simple approximate formula for the smallest z zero of the Bessel function equation J/sub p/(z) N/sub p/ (kz) - J/sub p/(kz)N/sub p/(z) =0(1) where J/sub p/ and N/sub p/ are, respectively, the Bessel functions of the first and second kinds of real-order p. This communication is intended to draw attention to the existence of similar approximate formulas for both the larger z zeros of (1) and the roots of the equally-important companion equationJ'/spl/sub p/(z) N'/sub p/ (kz) - J'/sub p/(kz)N'/sub p/(z) =0 (2) where ' indicates differentiation.


The modeling of complex entities or phenomena in geographical information systems has to face numerous problems due to the highly variable attributes they are composed of. Moreover, each particular type of GIS objects to model seems quite different from the others, and finding a global design approach has hardly succeeded until today. The object-oriented paradigm has proven itself to be a good modeling approach, and coupled with an appropriate design methodology it can facilitate the modeling of such entities. This work defines a new way to represent geographical objects by abstracting them in a common and uniform conceptual model. To cope with the complexity of GIS objects, this work tries not to focus on the dimensions objects or phenomena could be composed of, but on the dependencies that relate these dimensions. This abstraction brings uniformity in the development of a geographical application. The same mechanisms are used to model every GIS objects. Therefore, a kind of methodology design approach logically comes from the model abstractions. It gives the bases for future object-oriented frameworks that would enable to easily conceive geographical application manipulating complex objects or phenomena.


Objectives: Premature adrenarche has been reported to be frequent in Silver‐Russell syndrome (SRS), but systematic studies are lacking. Here, we studied the prevalence of early adrenarche in SRS, potential predictors, and consequences based on cases with long‐term follow‐up. Design and Setting: This retrospective longitudinal single‐center study included 62 patients with SRS (34 boys) with documented age at adrenarche and positive Netchine‐Harbison clinical score who were seen during the past 20 years with a median follow‐up of 12.8 years. Clinical and biochemical characteristics were collected from patient records. Adrenarche was defined by reaching a serum dehydroepiandrosterone concentration >500 ng/mL. Results: Boys reached adrenarche at a median age of 9.2 years (quartiles: 7.6, 10.9 years) and pubarche at a median age of 11.7 years (quartiles: 10.7, 12.8 years). Girls reached adrenarche at a median age of 8.1 years (quartiles: 6.6, 10.1 years) and pubarche at a median age of 9.8 years (quartiles: 8.3, 10.8). Premature adrenarche occurred in 13% of the patients. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that early adrenarche was associated with early initiation of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment (P = 0.0024 in boys; P = 0.0195 in girls), but not with the Netchine‐Harbison clinical score (P > 0.25). Response to rhGH treatment (median dose, 50 &mgr;g/kg/d) and adult height (n = 43) were not compromised by early adrenarche. Conclusions: Early or premature adrenarche was more frequent in SRS than in the general population and was associated with early age at initiation of rhGH treatment. Response to rhGH treatment and adult height were not compromised by early adrenarche.


INTRODUCTION. SEASONAL periodicity is one of the most striking phenomena in the physiology of reproduction. This annual rhythm is most marked in wild animals but is found more or less subdued in domestic species. Thus the wild rabbit, the vole and the wild fowl exhibit a distinct breeding season. The domestic rabbit, while capable of breeding throughout the year, under the best conditions, shows a slight seasonal variation in reproductive activity. Similarly, the domestic fowl passes through an annual cycle of egg production which can be correlated with the seasons (Whetham, 1933)The results of recent experiments suggest that an important part of the mechanism which controls this seasonal cycle is variation in the daily exposure to light. Voles and ferrets have been brought into full oestrum during their normal anoestrous periods by increasing their daily exposure to light (Baker and Ranson, 1932; Bissonnette, 1932). Likewise light has been shown to stimulate effectively ovarian activity in the domestic fowl at its low-ebb period. The reactivity of the wild mammals to light, as well as the stimulation of egg production in the domestic fowl, suggests that this factor may modify the sex cycle of the domestic mammals. If such a modification occurred, possibly a method of controlling the breeding season and litter size of domestic species could be evolved. It is of importance, therefore, to extend our knowledge to as many types as possible, and more especially to those mammals which, like the domestic species, show but slight seasonal periodicity. The rabbit was chosen for the present research partly because the various phases of its reproductive activity have been much studied in this laboratory, and partly because the rabbit is of importance both economically and as laboratory material.


Role stress increasingly is becoming more pervasive and dysfunctional for individuals and organizations. Therefore, strategies for managing role stress are presented in this paper. Specifically, two strategies are presented in theframework of a model that allows us to examine several organizational components related to role stress conditions. Namely, a role perception model of goal setting content and leader initiating structure is presented in order to examine the relative effectiveness of these two important aspects of organization behavior as strategies to reduce role stress and to increase employee satisfaction. It was hypothesized that both goal setting content and leader initiating structure are related to employee satisfaction because of their association with the stressful conditions of role conflict and ambiguity. That is, the relationships between goal setting content and satisfaction and between leader initiating structure and satisfaction are reduced when the effects of role conflict and ambiguity are removed. The results of the research presented here strongly supported those relationships.


The industrial sector is a major contributor to the economic growth of the Philippines. However, it is also one of the top consumers of energy, which is produced mainly from fossil fuels. The Philippine industrial sector must therefore be supported economically while minimizing the emissions associated with energy consumption. A potential strategy for minimizing costs and emissions is the installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules on the rooftops of industrial facilities, but this approach is hindered by existing energy policies in the country. In this work, we performed a techno-economic assessment on the implementation of rooftop solar PV in Philippine industrial facilities under different policy scenarios. Our study considered 139 randomly sampled industrial plants under MERALCO franchise area in the Philippines. Under the current net metering policy, 132 of the evaluated facilities were economically viable for the integration of rooftop solar PV. This corresponds to an additional 1035 MWp of solar PV capacity and the avoidance of 8.4 million tons of CO2 emissions with minimal financial risk. In comparison, an expanded net metering policy supports the deployment of 4653 MWp of solar PV and the avoidance of 38 million tons of CO2. By enabling an enhanced net metering policy, the widespread application of rooftop solar PV may present considerable savings and emission reduction for energy-intensive industries (electrical and semiconductors, cement and concrete, steel and metals, and textile and garments) and lower generation costs for less energy intensive industries (construction and construction materials, transportation and logistics, and food and beverages).


The larvae (L1–3) of Philonthus nigrita (Gravenhorst, 1806) is described for the first time, with the illustrations of their structural features provided. The poorly known morphology of egg and pupa are supplemented by the new data. Morphological differences between the first (L1) and next (L2 and L3) larval instars covers: the chaetotaxy of head, profemur, protibia, tarsungulus, abdominal tergites, sternites and urogomphi; the structure of antenna, maxillae and urogomphi; the microstructure of the abdominal tergites, proportions, body colour and habitus. Diagnostic characters of egg and larva of Ph. nigrita species are listed. Some data on its distribution, environmental requirements and biology in the laboratory conditions are also provided. The combination of characters that distinguishes the larva (L3) of Ph. nigrita from the some other known larvae of the Central European Philonthus and Bisnius is presented. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Superfine powders with compositions 8 mol%CeO2-0.25mol%Y2O3-ZrO2(8Ce-0.25Y-TZP), 8Ce-0.50Y-TZP and 8Ce-0.75Y-TZP were prepared by the coprecipitation method and sintered at 1500℃ for 2, 3 and 6 hours respectively. 8Ce-0.25Y-TZP having martensitic transformation temperatures (M(subscript s)) above room temperature does not exhibit shape memory effect (SME) at ambient temperature. 8Ce-0.50Y-TZP shows the best SME, and the largest recoverable strain of 1.18% in the specimens sintered at 1500℃ for 6 hours was attained. The M(subscript s) of the material is closely related to its strength, and other factors such as grain size and density also have influence on the M(subscript s).


This thesis is founded on the premise that traditional discourses of travel and mobility are inherently masculinist, that is, travel is seen as a masculinity rite-of passage for the Euro-American male, shaping his subjectivity through the othering and marginalization of women. Taking Jack Kerouac's On the Road (1957), the epitome of masculinist travel literature, as a starting point for an examination of women's road narratives, it poses the questions: what happens when women abandon their marginal positions and take to the road? How do authors write women into moving subjects? To answer these questions I investigate a number of mainly North American late twentieth-century narratives of the road, for example, Robinson's Housekeeping (1980), Scott's Thelma & Louise (1991), Morrison's Paradise (1997), Lopez' Flaming Iguanas (1997), and Tuttle's The Bad Girl's Guide to the Open Road (1999). I also refer to pre-twentieth-century texts. What the texts have in common is a concern with women's mobility.
 Methodologically this study posits itself at the crossroads of feminist, cultural, literary, and sociological inquiries. It is neither a pure literary-historical nor narratological investigation, its interest lies in exploring the topos of the road. The thesis consists of: an introduction, a chapter presenting my theoretical departures, two published and two forthcoming articles, and a brief conclusion. Each of the articles proposes terms that can be used to discuss "women on the road" from a feminist theoretical point of view. By gendering the discourse of travel and mobility I aim to renew the understanding of women in conjunction with mobility. By coining new signifiers I encourage readings of representations of mobile women in literature and film from a revised, feminist perspective.
In the first article I propose two alternative female on-the-road subjects: the model and the stripper, insisting on their roles as female agents rather than sexual objects. In the second article I investigate "the maternal conditioning" of mobility. To describe the situation of women in a network of overlapping discourses on motherhood and mobility from a feminist perspective, I suggest two cartographic neologisms: materotopia and materotopology.The third article emphasizes the significance of the roadmovie Thelma & Louise for the figuring of "successful" representations of female mobile subjects. Mobile women regender the road narrative in two steps: an appropriative turn and a metafictional turn." The new features emerging with women's textual appropriation of the road, I claim, must be appreciated as constituting a new aesthetic of the road.
The fourth article synthesizes the regendering performed by Second-Wave feminist narratives (e.g. Thelma and Louise) with the Third-Wave feminist sensibility displayed in collections like Goode's Drive (2000). This generation female travelers demonstrate that women are no longer only mother figures waiting at home, sexual objects on the margin of the story, or passengers in the back of the car; they are mobilized, active, and empowered subjects, steering their own destiny.


The invention discloses a positioning element which comprises a guide seat, a slider, a positioning pin, a guide rod and a limiting structure, wherein the guide seat is provided with a guide slot; the limiting structure is arranged at one end of the guide slot; the slider is arranged on the guide seat and can slide in the guide slot; the guide rod penetrates between the limiting structure and the slider and is connected with the limiting structure through a head part and connected with the slider through a tail part; and the positioning pin is arranged at the upper part of the slider. Through the invention, flexible positioning is realized, the positioning structure is simple and compact, and the subsequent reconstruction and maintenance cost is low.


Proof is a central concept in mathematics education, yet mathematics educators have failed to reach a consensus on how proof should be conceptualized. I advocate defining proof as a clustered concept, in the sense of Lakoff (1987). I contend that this offers a better account of mathematicians' practice with respect to proof than previous accounts that attempted to define a proof as an argument possessing an essential property, such as being convincing or deductive. I also argue that it leads to useful pedagogical consequences.


The present invention provides a portable apparatus, a method and system for determining which data processing by the data provided by individuals seeking access to the system and the system sought by the intended user access provided whether the individual is authorized to access or enable in order to control access to computer security and other systems (e.g., system user secure device). In one embodiment, the present invention provides an apparatus (100) code system or the like may be used for providing access, such as a computer or a security system (600). The apparatus comprises an output device (104) and the at least one processor (105). Representative of the expected user data processor system measurement characteristics and biological signals provided by the system for processing, and the processing result, the code can be used to provide access to the system to the output device.


Simple formula for computing irradiance attenuation in the Gulf of Gdansk waters in a function of chlorophyll a concentration is obtained on the basis of field data. In its derivation, the relationship between Secchi depth and diffuse attenuation coefficient of visible irradiance was applied.


SIMBOL-X is a space-based X-ray telescope operating from 0.5 keV up to 80 keV providing an improvement of roughly two orders
of magnitude in sensitivity and angular resolution compared to the instruments that have operated so far above 15 keV.
This breakthrough is reached thanks to the use of Wolter-I optics based on shells working in grazing incidence combined with a large
focal length (20 meters). With these characteristics, the size and the mass of a classical monolithic instrument would be well beyond
the capacity of the most powerful launchers. For that reason SIMBOL-X is the first operational mission relying on two satellites
flying in formation. The so-called mirror satellite carries the mirror of the telescope, while the detector satellite drives the detector
assembly. The first one moves freely on a high elliptical orbit controlling its attitude towards the target, while the latter controls its 3-
axis position and attitude so as to keep the detector assembly right at the mirror focal point and perpendicular to its axis.
This promising concept of formation flight raises a variety of problematics, such as relative navigation, communications, operations,
safety, simulation and performance evaluation. After a successful concept study, the current feasibility phase provides answers to
each of these issues.
The SIMBOL-X project is a cooperation between the French Space Agency (CNES) and the Italian Space Agency (ASI). The design
of the instrument involves a number of laboratories in France (CEA, CESR, APC), in Italy (INAF, IASF) and in Germany (MPE,
IAAT, TUD).


OBJECTIVE To explore the lethality law of E.coli containing plasmid pLC(GAA)42 treated by Mitomycin C.METHODS U*6(64) uniform experiment method was used to investigate the acting time and concentration of Mitomycin C and bacteria count was obtained by bacterial colony counter,then the lethality rate were counted.RESULTS The regression equation between lethality rate and concentration,and time of Mitomycin C was obtained and the correlation coefficient was 0.907.On the basis of the regression equation,response surface of mitomycin C treating E.coli DH5α was established.CONCLUSION There exists positive correlation between concentration,acting time of Mitomycin C and lethality rate of E.coli containing plasmid pLC(GAA)42.


Obesity is one of the leading causes of preventable death in the U.S and a well-established risk factor for several pathological conditions including steatohepatitis. The activation of inflammatory tissue resident macrophages has proven to play a key role in the progression of the metabolic syndrome. Consequently, mechanisms that manipulate macrophage phenotype has become of great interest for developing therapeutic strategies for combating obesity and its associated diseases. Our lab has shown that Ron tyrosine kinase, a receptor expressed on tissue resident macrophages, limits an inflammatory response while promoting tissue repair. In this study, we first investigate the impact of Ron signaling on metabolic features preceding steatohepatitis using high fat diet (HFD) fed wild type (WT) and Ron deficient (Ron KO) mice. Ron KO mice demonstrated more severe events associated with obesity such as increased adiposity, exacerbated hyperglycemia and trend toward increased liver weights when compared to WT animals. Altered Ron signaling resulted in a shift in the plasma lipoprotein distribution from primarily VLDL and LDL to predominantly HDL in the WT control mice. To then establish the role of Ron signaling in steatohepatitis, high cholesterol diet (HCD) fed ApoE KO and Ron KO ApoE KO mice (DKO) were evaluated. We showed that DKO mice experience more severe steatohepatitis which is attributed to an increased prevalence of activated inflammatory Kupffer cells. In vitro studies ascertain that Ron manipulation of macrophage phenotype is in part, a result of downstream AMPK activation. These data indicate the role of Ron in attenuating obesity and its associated diseases and identify a novel downstream pathway involved in this process.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY * Organizations increasingly are asking internal auditors to play a more strategic, collaborative role. Internal auditors can audit strategic risks and operate in an advisory role on strategy by informing management of risks involved and resources needed when pursuing a strategy. * Internal auditors are collaborating more with other business units. This collaboration can be a benefit if it gives internal auditors more understanding of risks, but it can be damaging if it leads internal auditors to rationalize risks. * To maintain the necessary independence and objectivity, internal auditors need to keep an appropriate distance as they craft relationships with other business units. Independence and objectivity can be maintained through proper reporting relationships and by following industry standards and CPA ethical guidelines. At times, outsourcing audit work may be necessary to avoid the appearance of impropriety or a conflict of interest. ********** [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The new imperative for internal auditors is clear. Companies increasingly expect their internal audit function to take on a more strategic, collaborative role within the business. At first glance, that seems to be a complex notion. Independence and objectivity safeguards indicate that internal auditors should not be proposing or setting the same strategies they will have to audit. And if they get too close to the same employees in other units they are auditing, it might appear that their objectivity, as defined by Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) standards, is compromised. Nonetheless, experts say it's possible for internal auditors to be strategic in their own way and improve their audit procedures through collaboration without impairing their objectivity. Carolyn Saint, CPA, vice president of internal audit for 7-Eleven, said internal audit teams can contribute to strategy by examining the things that need to go right for strategy to be executed--and the things that could go wrong--and advising management on those. "It would be helpful to make sure that all the capabilities you are taking as a given are going to be able to be delivered, because they are the foundation of your strategy," Saint said. "So that's one way I think [internal] audit can be more strategically focused." Paul Sobel, the chairman of the board for the IIA, said that during the 1990s, many chief audit executives (CAEs) had moved away from focusing solely on controls and concentrated more on consulting and trying to add value to the business in other ways. Sobel said that the events that led to the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 temporarily shut the door on internal auditors' value-added tasks and forced them into more of a "police officer" compliance and controls role. But internal auditors are beginning to branch out more and provide additional value in a strategic role again, he said. Numerous surveys also show that companies are asking internal auditors to be more strategic. A majority (54%) of more than 500 CAEs participating in EY's Global Internal Audit Survey 2013 expected that in the next two years, internal audit's primary mandate will be providing stakeholders with business insights and serving as a strategic adviser to the organization. But just 28% said playing that strategic role currently is the primary mandate or focus of internal audit. AN ADVISORY ROLE Internal auditors are not supposed to make any decisions about strategy, Sobel said, because that is the responsibility of management and the board. But, according to him, there are two ways for internal auditors to take a strategic role: * Internal auditors can audit strategic risks. Strategic risks can include competitive pressures that could make the company's products obsolete, changes in customers' expectations or preferences because of socioeconomic shifts, and an unexpected loss of a key partner in a company's supply chain. …


Since the effective use of biomaterials as a scaffold requires good biocompatibility and biofunctionality, we examined the properties of electrospun chitosan nanofiber scaffold prepared by electrospining for tissue engineering.


Dementia patients suffer from the progressive deterioration of cognitive and functional abilities. Instrumental disabilities usually appear in the earlier stages of the disease while basic disabilities appear in the more advanced stages. In order to differentiate between mild, moderate and severe patients both instrumental and basic functional disabilities should be taken into account simultaneously.


Palynology of sediments from 13 test wells in Suffolk County forms the basis for biostratigraphic zonation of the Late Cretaceous of much of Long Island and correlation with the Raritan embayment in New Jersey. The oldest polleniferous strata correlate with those in the Woodbridge Clay Member of the Raritan Formation (Cenomanian Age) in New Jersey, equivalent to pollen zone IV. Depending on the age of the confining clay layers, the Lloyd aquifer in Long Island is equivalent to the Farrington Sand Member in the lower part of the Raritan, Sayreville Sand Member in the middle part of the Raritan, or Old Bridge Sand Member in the lower part of the Magothy Formation in New Jersey. The most widespread pollen zones are V (equivalent to the South Amboy Fire Clay Member of the Raritan), VII (equivalent to the Amboy Stoneware Clay Member of the Magothy), and CA -1 (equivalent to the informally named Morgan and Cliffwood beds of the Magothy) in New Jersey. Sediments equivalent to thesequence of Merchantville Formation through Mount Laurel Sand (Campanian) in New Jersey are revealed in zones CA-2 through CA-5. Strata in the Monmouth Group in Long Island are associated with pollen zones MA-1/CA-6, thereby extending correlations to the Maestrichtian Navesink Formation and Red Band Sand of the Monmouth Group in New Jersey. The Upper Cretaceous sediments are found in a troughlike structure that dips southward under the Long Island platform. Upper Pleistocene sediments overlie the Cretaceous units and include beds generally named the Gardiners Clay. These beds contain pollen of temperate floras, but their stratigraphy remains problematical.


In this paper, we are going to give the proof of the Goldbach conjecture by introducing the lemma which implies Goldbach conjecture. first of all we are going to prove that the lemma implies Goldbach conjecture and in the following we are going to prove the validity of the lemma by using Chebotarev-Artin theorem's, Mertens formula and the Principle of inclusion - exclusion of Moivre


In the article the main purpose is the development of new teaching methods that meet the learning difficulties in the field of chemical kinetics, which has been considered the most pressing problem in the teaching process of chemistry in secondary schools during recent years. Thus, in the article, in the direction of overcoming these difficulties in secondary schools, research-based criteria have been highlighted for selecting new pedagogical experiments by researching new methodological principles intended to be used in the teaching prosess of topics related to chemical kinetics with the application of modern training technologies and also the scheme reflecting the modeling methodology of the teaching process of chemical kinetics.


Portfolio assessment, which is a significant procedure under the current national-scale college English language teaching reform, should be effectively introduced as useful guidance to the building of learner files that reflect their learning achievement, the timely feedback for learning performance and the development of cognitive and meta-cognitive skills.


We calculate the O({alpha}{sub s}) corrections to the timelike, spacelike, and double deeply virtual Compton scattering amplitudes in the generalized Bjorken scaling region. Special attention is devoted to studies of the difference between the next-to-leading order timelike and spacelike coefficient functions, which plays for this process a role analogous to the large K factor which was much discussed in the analysis of inclusive Drell-Yan cross sections. Also in the present studies the timelike nature of the hard scale gives rise to a new absorptive part of the amplitude and to the presence of characteristic {pi}{sup 2} terms, which can potentially lead to sizable corrections.


: Theoretical analysis and experimental researches are composed to study the influences of surface parameters of microgroove and microarray on contact angles. Based on the Young model for smooth surface and the models of Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter for rough surface, the novel formulas used for microgroove and microarray surfaces are proposed in this paper, firstly. Microgroove and microarray surfaces are then generated with micro end-milling operations, in which the milling cutter diameter is 0.1mm. The contact angles on machined surfaces are measured and analyzed. The results show that both microgroove and microarray machined surface have positive effect on the improvement of hydrophobic properties. The contact angle increases with the increase of the distance of micro-structures while with the decrease of micro-structure size. The contract angles of droplets on the machined surface at the vertical direction are different from that at the paralleled direction of microgroove, and they influence each other. The contact angle for droplet on the microgroove surface is more stable than that on the microarray surface. However, the contact angle for droplet on the microarray surface is larger than that on the microgroove surface. The droplet on machined microarray surface is nearly spherical.


[Objective]To evaluate the effects of AIDS/STD behavior intervention among target crowd,to provide evidence for developing project intervention in the future.[Methods]Target crowd was selected by random sampling,on the principle of anonymity,intervention was carried out by health education,focus consultation,providing propaganda materials and condoms,then questionnaire investigation was conducted to evaluate the intervention results.[Results]After intervention,the awareness rate of AID/STD related knowledge rose obviously. The usage rate of condom in every sexual intercourse increased from 42.1% to 81.4%(χ2 = 51.21,P﹤0.01 ). The doctor visiting behavior got normalized and self-protection consciousness got to be reinforced.[Conclusion]To develop health education and behavior intervention in entertainment places is positively effective and feasible.


In 58 patients with neurologic displays of an osteochondrosis of a cervical department of a backbone in the age of from 18 till 65 years with prescription of disease from one year till 12 years by means of magnetic resonance image have been revealed in a spinal cord the centers raised МR-signal, caused by infringement of processes of microcirculation. It is offered author's etiopathogenetic the proved method of regenerative treatment cervical myelopathy, based on application of methods manual to correction, local cryotherapy by cooled dry air (installation КRIO-DJET mini), plasmapheresis in an optimum combination with natural and preformation factors of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.


Negative plasma potentials as large as −400 V were measured in the magnetic fusion experiment Tandem Mirror Experiment-Upgrade (TMX-U). Normally, a plasma confined by an open ended magnetic field produces a positive potential. To measure the negative potentials, neutral beams were injected into the plasma region at angles within the loss cone. The greatest negative potentials were observed after the electron cyclotron heating power was turned off but while energetic ions were still being introduced into the plasma with large-angle neutral beams. These negative potentials are explained in terms of thermal ions electrostatically trapped by long lived, hot, mirror confined electrons.


Purpose: To determine the incidence of repeated episodes of superficial metallic corneal foreign body (CFB) among small-scale metal industry workers in Bangalore (South-India). We also aim to discuss level of awareness and reasons of less/ non-usage of eye-protection devices (EPD) and to emphasize on the easily available EPD designs. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study which included one hundred and twenty-two consecutive patients who were treated for superficial CFB from 1st October 2017 to 31st March 2018 in the emergency/OPD. The incidence of repeated episodes, the level of awareness and usage of EPD were evaluated. Results: All patients in the prospective study were male. The mean age of our study population was 35 ± 10.2 (range 18-58) years. These patients underwent CFB removal and topical antibiotic drops were prescribed. 46 (37.7%) patients had history of one or more previous episodes of similar injury with superficial CFB in the same or other eye. 76 (62.3%) patients presented with CFB for the first time. Of these 46 patients, 30 (65.2%) presented with second episode and 16 (34.8%) presented with third episode. Despite good level of awareness (86.9%) about eyeprotection, most workers were negligent and did not use EPD while at work. Ten (21.7%) patients had been using EPD regularly, 12 (26.0%) occasionally and 24 (52.2%) gave history of no use of EPD. Eighteen patients (39.1%) had a history of attempted removal of foreign bodies by self/co-worker/local general practitioner. Our study demonstrates the careless attitude of the senior/supervising staff as with 3 (6.5%) patients were from the supervising group. Also, 38 (82.6%) patients admitted the fact that there was no strict supervision at their work-place. Conclusion: The study reveals that workplace hazards need to be taken seriously and workers need to adopt preventive measures according to comprehensive safety guidelines. Awareness programs should be undertaken to educate workers regarding safety measures. Adoption of safety measures by the workers may significantly decrease the incidence of corneal injuries and ocular morbidity.


A universal fractional-order controller is proposed to asymptotically stable the unstable equilibrium points and the nonequilibrium points of continuous fractional-order chaos systems. The simple fractional-order controller is obtained based on the stability theorem of nonlinear fractional-order systems. The control scheme is simple and theoretically rigorous. The numerical simulations demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed fractional-order controller.


Aresu, M.; Buccarelli, A. &. Marongin, P. A preliminary investigation of the autoritarian tendencies in a group of sports referees. International Joumal of Sport Psychology, 10 (1): 42-51,1979.


In traditional NLP, we tokenize a given sentence as a preprocessing, and thus the tokenization is unrelated to a target downstream task. To address this issue, we propose a novel method to explore a tokenization which is appropriate for the downstream task. Our proposed method, optimizing tokenization (OpTok), is trained to assign a high probability to such appropriate tokenization based on the downstream task loss. OpTok can be used for any downstream task which uses a vector representation of a sentence such as text classification. Experimental results demonstrate that OpTok improves the performance of sentiment analysis and textual entailment. In addition, we introduce OpTok into BERT, the state-of-the-art contextualized embeddings and report a positive effect.


This study compared three techniques for scoring a biographical information blank (horizontal per cent method, vertical percent method, and rare re sponse weighting) against various criteria for field sales representatives. The comparisons were cross- validated over five consecutive time periods. The re sults showed that the rare weighting technique sig nificantly predicted criterion group membership better than chance. Neither the horizontal nor ver tical percent methods predicted criterion group membership better than chance. Based on predic tive efficiency, the rare weighting technique was found to be superior to the other two techniques.


Combined with the development and application of Coal Mine Gas Protrusion and Explosion System (CMGPE), this paper introduced the main ideas, key technologies, system functions, and application effects in the intelligent monitoring, analysis, display and early warning of coal mine gas protrusion and explosion based on Digital Mine technologies. The protrusion amount of mine gas and the occurrence of dynamic phenomenon of gas outburst are influenced by the factors of geology, crustal stress, and mining conditions, etc. The datasets involved in an effective prediction of CMGPE are often characterized by their multiple sources, spatial and temporal references, and their dynamic spatial-temporal variations. GIS technology, virtual reality technology and other spatial information technologies have a great potential of applications in the monitoring of coal mine gas concentration and early warning of CMGPE. Effective applications of the Digital Mine technologies will further transform the practices involved in the monitoring, analysis, visualization and early warning of CMGPE, with greater social, economic and environmental benefits. The construction of Digital Mine has great promoting functions for safety production of coal mine.


A comprehensive treatment of the subject of mine disasters & mine rescue. It deals with hazards constantly posed by fires, explosions, coal and gas outbursts & inundations in mines. The inclusion of the subject of mine rescue makes this book a self-contained reference manual.


In the cluster system,the load balancing algorithm is one of the key factors that affect system performance.In order to further improve the performance of the cluster system,it is necessary to optimize the load balancing algorithm.In this paper,we proposed an improved load balancing algorithm based on dynamic feed-back after having a detailed analysis of the minimum connection algorithm and the DFB(Dynamic Feed-Back)algorithm.Through the collection of real-time performance parameters for each server,the algorithm dynamically calculate the probability of the distribution of the service node,and thus determine which service node should the user request be assigned to.Through the test of the three algorithm,we come to the conclusion that the algorithm can effectively improve the performance of the cluster system.


In recent years, the demand for alternative medical diagnostics of the human kidney or renal is growing, and some of the reasons behind this relate to its non-invasive, early, real-time, and pain-free mechanism. The chronic kidney problem is one of the major kidney problems, which require an early-stage diagnosis. Therefore, in this work, we have proposed and developed an Intelligent Iris-based Chronic Kidney Identification System (ICKIS). The ICKIS takes an image of human iris as input and on the basis of iridology a deep neural network model on a GPU-based supercomputing machine is applied. The deep neural network models are trained while using 2000 subjects that have healthy and chronic kidney problems. While testing the proposed ICKIS on 2000 separate subjects (1000 healthy and 1000 chronic kidney problems), the system achieves iris-based chronic kidney assessment with an accuracy of 96.8%. In the future, we will work to improve our AI algorithm and try data-set cleaning, so that accuracy can be increased by more efficiently learning the features.


In Joachim Trier's debut film, Reprise (2006), the concept of time is a key feature. Time is embedded as self-reflexive by way of several narrative devices, including the reordering of chronology and projections of imaginable events. Time is also central to depictions of the characters' experiences and states of mind. This article attempts to untangle the modes of temporality at play in the film and offers some interpretative pathways by which they can be understood.


The essential oils from the dried leaves of Thymus capitatus was isolated by steam distillation. The collected oil were analyzed by GC-MS and also evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity. Twenty-two compounds, constituting about 95.4% of the total oil, were identified. The main constituents were thymol (39.2%), p-cymene (19.4%), carvacrol (11.8%) and g-terpinene (7.4%). The antibacterial activity of the oil was estimated using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods against four bacteria. The essential oils wer found to show a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most sensitive bacteria. The essential oil were equally active against Gram-negative and ram-positive bacteria


Case 4 This patient became ill three weeks after the evacuation of a mole with ovarian cysts enlarging rapidly to above the level of the umbilicus and a rising HCG level. The angiogram (Fig 6) shows arteriovenous shunting, which is thought to be pathognomonic of chorion carcinoma; it completes the spectrum shown in the previous cases. She was treated on the basis ofthe total picture and made a satisfactory recovery.


In this paper we present an implementation of control of wheeled mobile robots using only external sensors. Although onboard sensors can provide additional information about the robot's environment, we wish to prove that in a space equipped with ubiquitous distributed sensors, such as the Intelligent Space, it is possible to efficiently control even a sensorless mobile robot. In the paper we describe our tracking and mapping method using an ultrasound positioning system and multiple laser range finders, and the motion control method used in the experiments. The presented experimental result confirms the validity of this approach.


Background: Recent clinical trials show that adding copeptin or heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) to conventional cardiac troponins (cTn) assays improve diagnostic performances. Whether copeptin and H-FABP add information to high-sensitivity cTn (hscTn) is only sparsely investigated. methods: We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic accuracy by the area under the curve (AUC) of hscTnT (Roche Diagnsotics), hscTnI (Siemens Vista), Copeptin (Brahms Thermo-Fisher Scientific) and H-FABP (Randox Laboratories) at admission in 601 consecutive unselected chest pain patients with 59 (9.8 %) acute myocardial infarctions (MI). results: In the overall population, diagnostic performances for hscTnT (AUC 0.923) and hscTnI (AUC 0.922) were equipotent and superior to copeptin (AUC 0.729) and H-FABP (AUC 0.755) (p<0.001). ROC-optimized cut-off values were 5.65 μg/L for H-FABP and 18.35


The anthocyanins and colorless phenolics in 11 cultivars and hybrids of sweet cherries were characterized and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. All of the dark-colored cherry genotypes were found to contain 3-rutinoside and 3-glucoside of cyanidin as the major anthocyanins and the same glycosides of peonidin as minor anthocyanins. Another minor anthocyanin, pelargonidin 3-rutinoside, was characterized in sweet cherries for the first time. The major colorless phenolics were characterized as neochlorogenic acid and p-coumaroylquinic acid. The total anthocyanin content ranged from 82 to 297 mg/100 g of pitted cherry for the dark cherries and from 2 to 41 mg/100 g of pitted fruit for the light-colored cherries. The neochlorogenic acid ranged from 24 to 128 mg/100 g of pitted cherry and p-coumaroylquinic acid from 23 to 131 mg/100 g, respectively. The relative amounts of the two phenolic acids varied widely across the cherry cultivars examined in this study.


Objective: The relationship between CYP 2C19*2 G681A, CYP 2C19*3 G636A and CYP 2D6*10 C100T polymorphisms and the treatment response to fluoxetine or venlafaxine in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. In this study, we intended to clarify this issue. Methods: One hundred and forty outpatients diagnosed with MDD were randomized into either the fluoxetine or venlafaxine treatment group and genotyped. The 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) was administered to evaluate depressive symptoms at baseline and biweekly over 6 weeks of treatment. Results: Neither polymorphisms of CYP 2C19*2 G681A, CYP 2C19*3 G636A nor that of CYP 2D6*10 C100T genotype were associated with treatment response in either the fluoxetine or venlafaxine groups. When the effects of the SNP*SNP interaction on treatment response was examined, CYP 2C19*2 G681A and CYP 2D6*10 C100T had significant interactions effects on the treatment response at weeks 2, 4, and 6 (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively) in the venlafaxine group, while CYP 2C19*3 G636A and CYP 2D6*10 C100T had significant interactions effects at weeks 2, and 4 (p = 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively) in the fluoxetine group. Conclusion: The study results indicated that two major variants of CYP 2C19 had significant interactions with CYP 2D6 in the early response of fluoxetine/venlafaxine treatment.


With the traditional deflnition of the Gergonne center of a triangle in mind, it is natural to consider, for a given tetrahedron, the intersection of the cevians that join the vertices to the points where the insphere touches the faces. However,theseceviansareconcurrentforthelimited classofwhatwecall inspherical tetrahedra. Anotherapproachistonotethatthe ceviansthrough any point inside a triangle divide the sides into 6 segments, and that the Gergonne center is characterized by the requirement that every two segments sharing a vertex are equal. Similarly, the cevians through any point inside a tetrahedron divide the faces into 12 subtriangles, and one may deflne the Gergonne center as the point for which every two subtriangles that share an edge are equal in area. Thiswasdonebytheauthorsin(8),wheretheexistenceanduniquenesofsucha point is established. It turns out that tetrahedra whose Gergonne center has the stronger property that every two subtriangles that share an edge are congruent (resp. skew-congruent) are precisely the inspherical (resp. equifacial) ones. This is proved in Section 4. In Sections 2 and 3, we give a characterization of the insphericaltetrahedraand weoutlineamethodforconstructingthem.


Abstract Several carbon steel flash chambers clad with type 316L austenitic stainless steel and operating in seawater at 80°C exhibited severe localised corrosion on the inner wall after three months of continuous service. Visual investigation, carried out on the corroded wall surfaces revealed that the corrosion attack was confined to mechanically damaged and iron-contaminated areas. Failure to keep the oxygen level within the allowable limit of 0·026 ppm had promoted the corrosion. Electrochemical studies confirmed the influence of surface condition apparent from the visual inspections. Various specimens of type 316L austenitic stainless steel with different surface finishes (as received, ground, mechanically scratched, and iron contaminated) were exposed to natural sea water at 80°C Metallographic examination revealed that pits which formed on the as received specimens were uniform in shape, while those on specimens with mechanically damaged surfaces were larger and irregular in shape. The results suggest that surface finish exerted a significant influence on the rapid corrosion of the flash chambers. Post-fabrication cleaning by acid pickling markedly improved the resistance of the type 316L specimens to localised corrosion (pitting). However, the results of acid pickling were dependent on the surface condition and, to a large extent, the temperature of the acid.


Objective. To measure the relationship between screen exposure and obesity in a large, urban sample of children and to examine whether the relationship is moderated by sociodemographics. Methods. We asked parents of 11 141 children visiting general pediatrics clinics if the child had a television (TV) in the bedroom and/or watched more than 2 hours of TV/computer daily. We measured children's height and weight, then used logistic regression to determine whether screen exposure indicators predicted obesity (body mass index ≥85th percentile) and interacted with race/ethnicity, sex, age, and health care payer. Results. Having a TV in the bedroom predicted obesity risk (P = .01); however, watching TV/computer for more than 2 hours a day did not (P = 0.54). There were no interactions. Conclusions. Asking whether a child has a TV in the bedroom may be more important than asking about duration of screen exposure to predict risk for obesity.


Wrapper feature selection methods are typically used in multi-class classification problems to determine which feature subspace maximizes the patterns discriminative potential, with respect to the global multi-class scope. However, in most classification tasks, some classes are more easily discriminated than others due to particularly predictive features. Thus the global class set may stand as a hard restriction when performing feature selection. We propose a class pairwise approach, in which the wrapper feature selection framework is applied with the purpose of determining the feature subspaces with higher discriminative potential for each class pair. This method is shown to provide simpler models, reduced number of features, higher scalability, and in some cases even improve the classification performance.


In developing of clan parts by using Solid Edge database developing technology, the visiting data method of ADO Data Control based on Jet database and various Controls of data bound are adopted and write programs. The parts are efficiently managed and realized parameter design. They provide data model for CAX and concurrent engineering.


Along with the development of network technology, Website to the role of enterprises is in-creasingly obvious, but the attacks have intensified on the site. Aiming at Web security prob-lems of small and medium-sized enterprise' Website, analyses existing security policy and at-tack to the application layer, puts forward some corresponding solutions and security strategy tomake Website reduce attack, and provides technical support.


Pernambuco promote the Aluno Conectado Program since 2012, which consists the distribution of hybrid computers to the students from high school in the state network, aiming to foment the digital inclusion. In this sense, researchers from "Instituto Federal do Sertao Pernambucano" is making an analysis of the efficiency of the program performing a study of the case in outback of Pernambuco. As a result, is a proposal a methodology of complementary training for assist the success of the Aluno Conectado Program.


We have used the Keck I telescope to resolve at three mid-IR wavelengths the emission from HD 179821 (= RAFGL 2343), a G-type supergiant of perhaps 30 M☉ with a detached dust shell. The shell is very approximately circular in shape with an inner diameter of ~3.″3, corresponding to 3.0 × 1017 cm. We estimate that the star was losing ~4 × 10-4 M☉ yr-1 until about 1800 yr ago, when the mass loss slowed dramatically. During the past ~104 yr, the star has lost ~10% of its initial mass. The star lies about 0.″35 off center and is closer to the brighter, northern hemisphere of the nebula, which can be explained if the outflow velocity V∞ deviates by +20% from the average in the southern hemisphere and -20% from the average in the northern hemisphere. The mass-loss rate (θ) may have been inversely correlated with the outflow velocity so that the momentum outflow was isotropic during the mass-loss phase. It also seems that totalV∞ was within a factor of 2 of L*/c, where L* is the current luminosity of the star; the mass loss may have been driven by radiation pressure. These results may help characterize the asymmetric circumstellar winds into which supernova explosions propagate.


The expansion of the underground bulk power transmission system into downtown Chicago requires balancing the need for continuity of service, risk avoidance in the design and operation of the lines and substations, while overcoming the significant obstacles in terrain and infrastructure for the design and installation of the new high voltage underground circuits. The conceptual design for the addition of two 345 kV cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable circuits and the modification of the existing 345 kV high pressure fluid filled (HPFF) transmission infrastructure was a challenge in the selection of route, design of the conduit systems, and circuit design. The objectives for the project were to maintain the balance between a reliable and robust design that would minimize disruption of traffic during the installation of the conduit and cables. The paper will present the approach and method for the design of the transmission system and highlight the set of decisions made in the final design of the HV transmission system expansion.


Policy - Tasmania A State of Learning: A Strategy for Post-Year 10 Education and Training - Curriculum Policy Archive - NAME is a biographical, bibliographical and archival database of SUBJECT with links to related articles and images. ADD MORE DESCRIPTION AS REQUIRED


A dispensing lens from the light emitter, the light emitter having an emitter axis and defining a plane, the outer surface including an output area, each output region are provided for the light refracted from a region corresponding to the inside so that from the outer surface of each of the light is refracted interior region does not substantially overlap with the light from other regions of the interior, and includes a base end near the emitter opening is formed around an opening to the lumen of the transmitter. Luminal surface, comprising: a first inner region near the axis of the light emitter away from the shaft refraction; second interior region, the first interior region and spaced apart in the axial refractive optical transmitter; internal region and an intermediate, connecting The first and second inner cross-sectional area and substantially asymptotic to the first and second interior regions. Middle inner region with respect to the emitter is provided by approaching position to the second interior region tapering manner to refract light away from the shaft.


Ever since John Locke's Epistola de Tolerantia (1689), the concept of tolerance has undergone tremendous intellectual scrutiny. Whether or not individuals or institutions are willing to "put up" with other political actors and thus respect their religious or civil liberties can determine the viability of modern democracies. The importance of tolerance is due to the fact that it is considered to be one of the key political virtues of the modern era. It is held to be the political, if not moral, principle mediating between the competing moral claims of individuals and communities alike. Political tolerance, then, is thought to mandate specific obligations for individuals and communities which when fulfilled result in a peaceful, civil, and ultimately more democratic society. Consequently, much intellectual energy has been devoted to clarifying just what tolerance means and articulating duties that it imposes on society and its members. Apart from its pursuit of conceptual clarity, the modern intellectual scrutiny has considered evidence of the existence of tolerance among the public. It is important, we are told, to ascertain just how tolerant modern societies really are. After all, of what use is conceptual clarity in regards to tolerance if it cannot be known whether or not people are willing to exercise this very important politico-moral characteristic? If peace, civility, and democracy ultimately depend, at least in part, on the exercise of tolerance, it is crucial to determine just how tolerant a society is and is becoming. To do so, political tolerance itself must be accu-


In this paper, we present our approach to address the OpenLiveQ task at NTCIR-13 [5]. The task is a question retrieval task and can be simply defined as follows: given a query and a set of questions with their answers, return a ranked list of questions. However, there is a "gap" between queries and candidate questions, which is called lexical chasm or word mismatch problem. In our model, we improve traditional Topic inference based Translation Language Model (TLM) [10] by using the topic information of queries to "bridge" the gap. The translation model and the topic model are used to link different words. Experimental results show that our system reaches the competitive performance among the participants in OpenLiveQ task.


In trauma patients, lactic acid or base deficit levels greater than 2 mmol/L predict higher mortality risk. To evaluate the influence of ethanol


Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of two self-supervised learning (SSL) methods (inpainting-based pretext tasks of context prediction and context restoration) for medical image segmentation in label-limited scenarios, and to investigate the effect of implementation design choices for SSL on downstream segmentation performance. Methods Manual segmentation labels were created for 3D knee MRI and 2D abdominal CT datasets. Multiple versions of self-supervised U-Net models were trained to segment tissues in both datasets, each using a different combination of design choices and pretext tasks to determine the effect of different design choices on segmentation performance. The combination of these design choices that resulted in the most significant improvement in Dice score over supervised learning for both datasets was used to train an optimally trained model for segmentation. This model was pretrained on different amounts of unlabeled data to determine the effect of pretraining dataset size on segmentation performance. The highest performing models from this experiment were compared with baseline supervised models for computing clinically-relevant metrics in label-limited scenarios. Results SSL pretraining with context restoration using 32x32 patches and Poission-disc sampling, transferring only the pretrained encoder weights, and fine-tuning immediately with an initial learning rate of 1e-3 provided the most benefit over supervised learning for MRI and CT tissue segmentation accuracy (p < 0.001). For both datasets and most label-limited scenarios, pretraining using the maximum amount of unlabeled images resulted in better segmentation performance than pretraining using only the training set (p < 0.05). SSL models pretrained with this amount of data also outperformed baseline supervised models in the computa-tion of clinically-relevant metrics in scenarios with very low amounts of labeled data, especially for challenging classes to segment such as intramuscular adipose tissue on CT images and patellar cartilage on MR images. Conclusion We demonstrate how SSL can overcome paucity of labels for improving tissue segmentation by using unlabeled datasets.


Transportation plays an important role in the regional development.During more than 50 years since Tibet's liberation,the nation has invested lots of money so that Tibet has been building complete and stereoscopic Transport systems and accelerating the communication of labors and materials between Tibet and other regions.After breaking the "transportation neck", Tibet's development has a continuous increase and their developments have a apparent correlation.In the future,in order to promote economic lasting development,it is necessary to further deepen the systems in the financial treasury systems and relevant guarantee etc.


Objective To study the synergistic effect of NKX6.1 and PDX1 in inducing differentiation of fetal liver-derived mesenchymal stem cells(FL-MSCs) into the pancreatic B cells and to explore the underlying mechanisms,so as to obtain enough islet-like body for transplantation.Methods Recombinant adenovirus vector harboring both PDX1 and NKX6.1 genes was constructed,and the vector was used to infect FL-MSCs.Then a series of cytokines were used to induce the differentiation of infected FL-MSCs into pancreatic B cells.The expressions of PDX1,NKX6.1 gene,transcription factors NGN3,NeuroD1/Beta2,MafA as well as C-peptide were examined.Results PDX1 and NKX6.1 were detected in FL-MSCs cells 24 h after infection;cells began to express NGN3,NeuroD1,and MafA and stably expressed pancreatic B cell related factors including insulin after induction.The expression of these molecules was in a certain order.Conclusion PDX1,NKX6.1 combined with a series of cytokines can effectively induce FL-MSCs to differentiate into pancreatic islet B cells in vitro,which might be through activation of transcription factors NGN3,NeuroD1,and MafA in turn,inducing FL-MSCs to differentiate towards endocrine precursor cells,B endocrine precursor cells and B cells in turn.


It was thought desirable to repeat the work of Dingemanse who claims to have been successful in obtaining an insulin preparation with an activity of about 150 international units per mg. (1). Du Vigneaud, Geiling, and Eddy (2) who studied the adsorption of crystalline insulin on charcoal found that the product obtained after adsorption was not more active than the material they started with and that it also could be again obtained in crystalline form. These investigators used norit (Eastman Kodak Company) as an adsorbent. Dingemanse, however, states in a report which she kindly sent us that only with a certain Dutch preparationmedicinal supranorit obtained from the Noritmaatschappij Ltd.could positive results be obtained by her and that Merck's charcoal, for instance, was useless. This information, however, was not available to du Vigneaud, Geiling, and Eddy.


Topic about big data analytics have received a lot of attention and interest at this time. There are many topics can be discussed related to the analytical model, tools, and technology used. Big data analytics model involves many processes with various technologies used. Skills in handling big data, extracting mining, and developing insight are needed in applying big data analytics. Suitable analytical hardware and software also needed in decision making. Big data analytics is a key to a business strategy, but only a small portion of big data is currently used to support their business strategy. Big data analitycs can answer many questions about how to manage costs, time, and development or optimization strategies, and other decision making choices. However, there are many challenges in big data analytics technology. This survey paper addresses topics related to the analytical model, tools, and technology used. This paper also discusses the application of big data analytics in various fields.


The intention of this study was to investigate the causal relationship, both long-run and short-run, between KSE (Karachi StockExchange) and some macroeconomic variables in Pakistan. The monthly data of all macroeconomic variables and stock prices wastaken from January 2001 to December 2010. In this paper, the variables which have not been previously studied by the researchers inPakistan were also included. The set of macroeconomic variables used in this study as an independent variables were Exchange Rate(ER), Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER), Industrial Production Index (IPI), Interest Rate (IR), Imports (M), Money Supply (MS),Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Exports (X). The stock price index of KSE, which is the largest stock exchange of Pakistan, was takenas a dependent variable. The statistical techniques, which were employed in this study, include the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) andKwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) unit root test, Johansen Co-integration test, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) andGranger Causality test. The study revealed the presence of long-run association between macroeconomics variables and stock prices.FER, IR, M, MS and WPI showed a positive and significant relationship with stock prices, while ER and X indicated a negative andinsignificant impact on stock prices but IPI has a negative but significant relationship with stock prices. The two error correction terms likeVecm1 (-1) and Vecm2 (-1) were resulted from VECM, the first error correction term was significant and indicated short term adjustmentstowards the equilibrium path. The results of Granger Causality showed that MS and WPI have bi-directional relation while ER, FER andM have uni-directional relationship with the stock prices but IPI, IR and X showed not any casual relationship.


It was examined the interaction of the individual temperamental-characterologic personality traits and several anthropometric indicators in adolescents. All of them were physical and mental healthy. It was estimated such characteristics as temperament (extraversion and neuroticism), the presence of accentuation nature and possible risks of psychological disadaptation, measures of physical development. It was found a weak inverse correlation between the level of physical development and neuroticism, as well as between body weight and neuroticism. This relationship is the strongest in boys and does not reach the level of significant differences in girls. At further research it is noted that the accentuation of character is more common in girls. The risks of formation of psychopathy and social disadaptation did not differ significantly in gender groups, reaching 27% and 48% respectively. Results obtained by the study can serve as a prerequisite for the creation of clusters of monitoring to identify adolescents at risk in connection with the peculiarities of formation of their temperamental-characterologic personality traits.


Six species of the lichen genus Strigula are reported from New Zealand: S. delicata Sdrus. sp. nov. S. fossulicola P. M. McCarthy et al., S. nemathora Mont., S. novae-zelandiae (Nag Raj) Sirus. comb. nov. (Basionym: Discosiella novae-zelandiae Nag Raj), S. oceanica P. M. McCarthy et al., and S. subtilissima (Fde) Mill. Arg. In 1983, the late J. K. Bartlett deposited a large set of foliicolous lichens he had collected in New Zealand in the LG herbarium. Although poorly curated, the material was prolific and has yielded several new taxa: the type collection of Enterographa bartlettii S6rus. (1984), Badimiella serusiauxii Malcolm & V6zda a monotypic genus with spectacular campylidia (Malcolm & V6zda 1994; S6rusiaux 1986), and the recently described Strigula kaitokensis S6rus. & Polly (1996). For some time, I was aware that several other undescribed species of Strigula, not mentioned in the monograph of Santesson (1952), were present in the material. Two have now been described by McCarthy et al. (1996) from Lord Howe Island (Australia) and are here recorded for the first time from New Zealand; another species appeared to be identical with the anamorphic lichenized fungus Discosiella novae-zelandiae Nag Raj (1981) and is here transferred to Strigula, and an additional one is here described as new. A new species of Mycomicrothelia, amazingly similar to a genuine Strigula, has also been found in the collections and is described as new in a separate paper (Sdrusiaux & Aptroot 1998). New Zealand appears to be rich in species of Strigula, with several new species and new records reported (Hafellner & Kalb 1995; Harris 1995; McCarthy 1995; McCarthy & Malcolm 1996; S6rusiaux & Polly 1996). However, the genus is still poorly known at the world level so it is too early to claim that New Zealand is a center of diversity. More work is needed before a global assessment can be made. The taxonomic concept of the genus Strigula has been reorganized by Harris (1975, 1995) to include all foliicolous species referred by Santesson (1952) to that genus, Raciborskiella Hohnel, the so-called Porina phyllogena group (= Phylloporis Clem.), and several corticolous and saxicolous species, previously included in Arthopyrenia Massal. and Porina Mtill. Arg. All these species have the same type of asci, paraphyses, and conidia. This concept is accepted here as such a genus is clearly monophyletic, even if one expects that further detailed studies may lead to the segregation of several smaller genera within that clade. All collections mentioned in this paper have been gathered by the late J. K. Bartlett (t1986) and are housed in LG. Representative samples are deposited in B, CANB, CHR, and herb. R. Luicking. STRIGULA DELICATA Sdrusiaux sp. nov. (FIG. 1-2 & 7, a-b) Thallus epiphyllus, subcuticularis, plus minusve circularis, 2-5 mm diam., pallide viridis vel olivaceo-brunneus, nitidus, laevigatus, lobis angustis (ca 0.1 mm latis) et dichotomis formatus, interdum connatis et reticulum formantibus; margo cum continua vel interrupta, nigra linea et numerosis, parvulis, elongatis nigrisque papillis. Algae ad Cephaleuros pertinentes. Perithecia in parvis, circularibus thalli maculis crescentia, ad marginem locatis, hemisphaerica, 0.2-0.25 mm diam. et 0.10-0.18 mm alta, nigra et nitida; paraphyses numerosae, ramosae et leviter anastomosantes; asci clavati, 55-60 x 10-14 pCm; ascosporae 8/ascus, biseriatae, ellipsoideae ad fusiformes, 1-septatae, 15-16(-18) x 4.5-5.0 pm, pariete crasso (0.7-1.0 pEm). Macroconidia oblonga, 1-septata, appendicibus mucosis, 3-5 Ipm longis et terminalibus praedita, 13-16 X 3.0-3.5 Ipm; microconidia ellipsoidea, ca 3 X 1 im. Thallus epiphyllous, subcuticular, occurring or not along the nerves, margins, and scars of leaves, ? circular, 2-5 mm in diam., usually quite abundant, pale green or olive brown (white when dead), shiny but without any metallic tint, with smooth surface, formed of dichotomously branched, narrow (ca 0.1 mm wide) lobes that can fuse laterally and form a reticulum; lobes margins with discontinuous or continuous black line and usually with numerous, rather regularly scattered, small, elongate, black papillae. Photobiont a species of Cephaleuros (Trentepohliaceae), with ? rectangular or rounded cells, 8-15 x 4-7 pm, yellowish green, + arranged in radiating rows. Perithecia usually present and abundant, typically occurring in center of small, circular (0.3-0.6 mm in diam.) patch of thallus with small and rounded lobes located at or near lobes tips, single or paired (rarely in 3s), typically hemispheric, never (ob-)conical, with rounded apex, 0007-2745/98/147-152$0.75/0 This content downloaded from 220.127.116.11 on Wed, 30 Mar 2016 06:34:55 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 148 THE BRYOLOGIST [VOL. 101


This paper introduces the theoretical basis and basic principles of whole language teaching,summarizes the current re-search status at home and abroad,puts forward the existing problems and development direction of whole language teaching,in or-der to help teachers deeply understand this teaching idea.


This paper presents RF and Microwave BIST system for reconfigurability of on-chip function blocks. Design of BIST for on-chip functions is demonstrated based on design of scalable LNA gain (with digitally controlled attenuators), programmable automatic oscillation amplitude control of PLL reference VCOs and dynamic EVM estimation of IQ systems. In all aforementioned applications impacts of BIST circuits on system performances are evaluated based on simulation and experimental verifications.


This paper considers record values of residuals or prediction errors in a one‐parameter autoregressive process and the statistic Zn= number of ε‐repetitions of this record. When the parameter of the autoregression is unknown, the prediction errors, and therefore Zn, are unobservable. Here an observable analogue Ẑ of Zn is considered. It is proved that under special conditions the difference Zn− unobservable. Here an observable analogue Ẑ converges to zero in probability and therefore that unobservable. Here an observable analogue Ẑ has the same asymptotic behaviour as Zn.


This study modified the properties and boundaries of the inland wetland types through the structural edit of the National Wetland DB, and analyzed the characteristics of the different land cover by area and the entire inland wetlands of South Korea. The inland wetlands of the Gangwon Basin had a small area of waters. In addition, the ratio of natural barren was high, reflecting the characteristics of the upper reaches of the large river in the east and west part of Gangwon Province. The Geum River Basin had a high percentage of aggregate land due to the development of large alluvial land, and the ratio of artistic barren was low, so various ecosystem service of wetland elements were distributed evenly. The Nakdong River Basin had a high proportion of waters as water level in the channel rose due to the installation of 4 Major Rivers Beam, and the ratio of Natural barren was low. Moreover, the water level of the main attributes flowing into the Nakdong River drainage system was not high, so the ratio of vegetation concentration was high. The Yeongsan River Basin showed that Waters had the high proportion. And the distribution of Natural barrens represented differently according to the Yeongsan River Basin and the Seomjin River Basin. Finally, Sand and Gravels supplied to rivers during precipitation were deposited in the main stream of the Han River Basin, and the differences between the side and high side was large in the area, reflecting the characteristics of the mouth of a river, so the Natural barren of Clay was distributed.


The development of cost effective and efficient nanomaterials with enzyme mimetics and photocatalytic activity has achieved tremendous research interest in the quantitative detection as well as removal of toxic environmental pollutants. CuS nanoparticles decorated MoS2 sheets were successfully synthesized adopting a simple hydrothermal technique and using low-cost materials. The nanocomposite was successfully used as an efficient catalyst for the selective detection and removal of a toxic phenolic compound like hydroquinone (HQ). The CuS–MoS2 nanocomposite catalyzed the oxidation of different chromogenic substrates like 3,30,5,50-tetramethylbenzidine, 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt, and o-phenylenediamine in the presence of H2O2, indicating its peroxidase-like activity as natural Horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The catalytic performance of the nanozyme was further investigated through the typical Michaelis Menten kinetics. The results showed that the proposed sensor exhibited improved catalytic properties with a wide linear relationship (0.4–50 mM) and a low detection limit of 3.68 mM for HQ detection in aqueous medium. Meanwhile, the mechanism of HQ sensing in the presence of CuS–MoS2 nanozyme was systematically investigated. Moreover, the CuS–MoS2 nanozyme possessed significant photocatalytic activity and 83% HQ decomposition was achieved within 240 min under irradiation of natural sunlight. The mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic degradation of HQ through the formation of OH radicals as reactive species was evidenced by analyzing the formation of fluorescent active molecules on the addition of terephthalic acid and by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Thus CuS–MoS2 represents a new and promising HQ sensing material in a highly sensitive and fast manner as well as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of HQ to its non-toxic products under natural sunlight irradiation.


The purpose of this lesson is to discuss the most frequent indications for MRI of the elbow which include suspected ligament and tendon injuries, compressive or entrapment neuropathy, bony injuries, inpainmatory and synovial conditions, and soft tissue masses.


Pipe rolling process using the planetary rolling mill for AISI 304 stainless steel has been studied by using finite element method. Mannesmann method using three-roll is applied to this rolling process. Commonly, rolling process has started from the cold working and finished to the hot working. This rolling process has more advantage that make reduction of process and cost than existing extrusion process. This process includes various and complex process parameters. Each of the process parameters affects forming result. Therefore, all of the process parameters should be considered in FEA. In this study, possibility and productivity of forming pipe for AISI 304 stainless steel had been investigated. Also, preheating process and variations of rotation velocity and product thickness were considered in FEA. Rolling process for AISI 304 stainless steel pipe was successfully simulated and it should be useful to determine optimal rolling condition.


Singapore currently has a comprehensive range of tobacco control policies and programmes. 1 It started implementing legislative measures against cigarette smoking in the early 1970s, and since then has been regularly reviewing and revising its laws and their enforcement. Some of the measures that have been implemented include public education, ban on tobacco advertisements and promotions, restriction on the sale of tobacco products, licensing of sales outlets, mandatory health warnings on cigarette packets, ban on smoking in public places, prohibition of smoking in the public by those under 18 years of age and provision of smoking cessation services. Thanks to these and other measures, the most recent National Health Survey in Singapore revealed a decline in the prevalence of daily cigarette smoking among adults, 2 The prevalence of daily cigarette smoking decreased significantly from 27.1% in 1998 to 21.8% in 2004 among men but increased marginally for women during the same period, from 3.2% to 3.5%. The proportion of young women 18 to 29 years old who smoked daily showed a larger increase from 5.2% in 1998 to 6.6% in 2004. A recent legislation mandating the use of graphic images to illustrate the harmful health effects of tobacco use on cigarette packets came into effect on 1 August 2004 in Singapore. 3 Six pictures are currently in use (Fig. 1). These depict diseased gums, a cancerous lung, a brain oozing blood, a person on his deathbed, a dying baby, and a family suffering from secondhand smoke. Each picture is accompanied by an appropriate written health warning. How effective are these graphic warning labels on cigarette packets in reducing cigarette smoking? Hammond and colleagues 4 have assessed the impact of graphic cigarette warning labels in Canada using a longitudinal telephone survey of adult smokers. They found that 20% of smokers reduced their smoking as a result of the labels. Emotional reactions to the warning labels included at least some fear in 44% of smokers and disgust in 58%. Smokers who reported greater fear and disgust were more likely to have reduced their smoking at follow-up, made an attempt to quit, or quit smoking. The aetiologies of cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the major causes of severe visual loss in older persons, are multifactorial. Among the many factors, smoking is now a well-recognised risk. 5 Smokers have up to about 3 times relative risk of developing cataract 5 while results from …


The utility model discloses a columnar copper and aluminum wire connecting terminal which is composed of a fixing piece and a connecting piece made of copper or aluminum, wherein the fixing piece and the connecting piece are integrated, one end of the connecting piece is extended out from the fixing piece on which screwed holes are arranged, the connecting piece is a solid columnar body, and the end face of the connecting piece is a circular welding face. The columnar copper and aluminum wire connecting terminal has a structure that identical or different metal conducting wires are welded on the end face of the connecting piece, the connection is reliable, and the effect of electric rot does not occur on a welding joint; the operation of welding can be carried out in a reinforced sleeve for welding seams; the wire connecting terminal can be applied to the field of midfrequency or high frequency welding and is suitable for friction welding; and the utility model is suitable for lead wires of railway steel rails, external cable terminals of electric accessories and electrical connecting wires.


We present the results of 3D time-dependent wave packet calculations for the Renner–Teller induced dissociation of DCO following excitation in the first absorption band (A2A″←X2A′). They complement our investigation of the photodissociation of HCO [J. Chem. Phys. (in press)]. The excitation energies and the decay widths agree well with available experimental data.


The current status of ultrasonic diffraction grating spectroscopy (UDGS) was described at the Acoustics 08 Conference in Paris. An important question remains: What is the penetration depth of the ultrasound for such measurements? Although the spectral order m = 1 at 90o is of primary interest, much insight can be gained by investigating a range of angles. The first step was to measure the amplitude of the m = 1 transmitted beam in the liquid as a function of the transmitted angle. Data were obtained by sending a toneburst signal to the send transducer and measuring the response of a receive transducer immersed in the liquid. The angle of the receive transducer was varied in half-degree steps from about 50o to 90o. The data were compared with a formulation for the interference of N wavelets from N grooves and showed very good agreement. In addition, an experimental technique was developed to measure the penetration of ultrasound into the liquid. Experimental parameters that affect this penetration depth we...


The introduction of social protection in developing countries has coincided with a growing consensus that high levels of inequality have the undesirable effect of reducing the efficacy of economic growth to poverty reduction. In the context of Sub-Saharan Africa, an increasing number of countries have made important strides towards expanding social protection programmes to scale. Namibia is an outstanding case. The country has an extensive social protection system embedded into legislation that includes non-contributory programmes such as old age pensions, disability grants, foster parent allowance, and food/cash for work programmes. There is an important number of studies that have examined the poverty impacts of Namibia's social protection system, in particular the old-age social pension and child grants. However, to date there is no rigorous analysis of the redistributive effect of these programmes in the country. Using microdata from the Namibia Household Income and Expenditure Survey for the period 2009-10, this paper examines the redistributive effects of contributory and non-contributory social protection programmes across different household groups and geographical areas in the country. We find that together with the shares of income sources in total inequality, the major sources of inequality come from labour income and asset returns. Social assistance and remittances on the other hand, are the main equalizer sources across the income distribution. explores the redistributive effects of Namibia's social protection schemes. It uses the 2009-10 Namibia Household Income and Expenditure Survey to analyse the extent to which the schemes reduce both poverty and inequality. Using the microdata, and following the approaches of Lerman and Yitzhaki and Stark, Taylor, and Yitzhaki to decompose inequality by factor components, the examines the redistributive effect of contributory and non-contributory social protection programmes in the country. The contributes to the existing literature in at least two important ways: first, it examines the overall and single effects protection programmes country. It examines the contribution of individual social programmes and the overall system to the variation in income the country. Second, it examines impact across different


The paper considers the issue of students' and teachers' subjectivity while education process at the university in the conditions of new information society. In the conditions of information and education environment of the university two main subjects of the teacher and the student are connected, as the two interconnected systems, each of which runs its own certain phases in development and formation of subjectivity. Although these two systems have significant differences in the level of education, competence, professionalism, availability of subjective experience, and others, though the development of subjectivity of the student and the teacher are interconnected processes that are developing in parallel. The higher the level of the teacher's subjectivity is, the higher level of the student's subjectivity is. And it is not a spontaneous process, it is purposefully controlled. The development process of subjectivity of the main educational process participants in the university can be presented in the form of a spiral. The spiral-shape shows the direction of development. The spiral development is always more complicated than the linear or cyclic. Although on the one hand the process of subjectivity development is a linear process because we move from simpler to more complex forms, and secondly, the development of subjectivity is a cyclical process in which there are certain steps (cycles), step by step alternating.


This program for training former patients to be peer counselors for hospitalized patients has been implemented successfully in a large public sector acute psychiatric inpatient service over the past four years. Althrough initially some staff were skeptical about the merits of the program, there has been increased demand from staff for peer counseling services as well as requests that client-run groups and services be expanded. We recommend additional collaborative efforts between mental health professionals and consumers. Further evaluation of such programs should focus on their impact on patients who are counseled.


Ni+–CO was generated by using a newly prepared square-planar nickel compound with an aliphatic thiolato–thioether sulfur ligand, with relevance to the nickel centre of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.