The EuO/SrTiO3 heterojunction is a promising combination of a ferromagnetic material and a two-dimensional electron system. We explore the deposition of Eu metal on SrTiO3/Si pseudo-substrates, with varying SrTiO3 (STO) thickness, under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. By varying the thickness of the STO layer (2-10 nm) and the deposition temperature (20-300 °C), we investigate the process by which oxygen is scavenged from STO by Eu. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the electronic structure of the nominal Eu/STO/Si stack. We find that as a result of Eu deposition, epitaxial EuO is formed on thick STO (6-10 nm), leaving behind a highly oxygen-deficient SrTiO3-δ layer of ∼4 nm in thickness. However, if the thickness of the STO layer is comparable to or less than the scavenging depth, the crystal structure of STO is disrupted and a solid state reaction between Eu, Si, and STO occurs when the deposition is done at a high temperature (300 °C). On the other hand, at a low temperature (20 °C), only a 1-2 nm-thick EuO interlayer is grown, on top of which the Eu metal appears to be stable. This study elucidates the growth process under different conditions and provides a better understanding and control of this system.The EuO/SrTiO3 heterojunction is a promising combination of a ferromagnetic material and a two-dimensional electron system. We explore the deposition of Eu metal on SrTiO3/Si pseudo-substrates, with varying SrTiO3 (STO) thickness, under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. By varying the thickness of the STO layer (2-10 nm) and the deposition temperature (20-300 °C), we investigate the process by which oxygen is scavenged from STO by Eu. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the electronic structure of the nominal Eu/STO/Si stack. We find that as a result of Eu deposition, epitaxial EuO is formed on thick STO (6-10 nm), leaving behind a highly oxygen-deficient SrTiO3-δ layer of ∼4 nm in thickness. However, if the thickness of the STO layer is comparable to or less than the scavenging depth, the crystal structure of STO is disrupted and a solid state reaction between Eu, Si, and STO occurs when the deposition is done at a high temperature (300 °C). On the other hand, at a low temperature ...


Expressions for the average value of a macroscopic quantity, b(r, t), can be obtained to arbitrary order using nonlinear response theory for microcanonical ensembles. The expres· sions contain microcanonical time correlation functions for t >0. It is shown that these expressions can be obtained using a resummed microcanonical distribution function at t=O. The appropriate canonical distribution function at t=O is also obtained.


This initial study analysed and estimated the quantities of co-formulants in Swiss plant protection products. The study was based on the sales figures of plant protection products (PPP) in 2015 and the exact compositions of the formulations. A list ranking the individual co-formulants or co-formulant groups by quantity was produced. Even after chemically similar co-formulants were grouped, over 90 different co-formulants/co-formulant groups remained and were assessed in this study. The five most important and common formulation types of plant protection products were analysed individually. On average, the co-formulants accounted for just over 20 % of the formulations, although this percentage varied considerably depending on the formulation type. Based on the estimated quantities of co-formulants sold and their grouping, individual substances can now be prioritised for follow-up investigations in respect of their potential for residues in foodstuffs.


Digital cultural center is the digital form of physical cultural center. The research on pertinent patented technologies reveals that 3D panorama is moving from rapid development stage to technology maturity stage and that the chance of making technical breakthrough is high. This paper has proposed a scene construction system for digital cultural centers. The system, which is dynamic, efficient and reliable, integrates modules for image acquisition planning, image data transmission and storage, image stitching, and stitching quality evaluation and guarantee, and has a large scope of image acquisition.


The present work of complex examination is oriented to the public sector especially to the non-financial sector since, it allows to determine the correct use of the closing entries especially the income and expenses of management and the importance of it because it must have the correct use of the regulations of the financial administration system issued by the control organisms in this case the Ministry of Economy and Finance of Ecuador, in such a way to be able to foresee the impact that these originate to the accounts of income and expenses of management of the non-financial public sector due to the fact that its mishandling can positively or negatively affect the economic development carried out in a given period and the degree of incidence that these can lead to errors of estimation and control with respect to the financial statements. Once the adjustments have been established, adequate, truthful and timely information can be obtained in order to present real financial statements, which will allow presenting the correct uses of the resources delivered by the State, for the purposes previously established in the State Generate Budget. Through the planning required before, all this with the determination to clarify public financial statements, these in turn are responsible for presenting the surrender of how many public entities are subject. For this reason, income entries and management expenses present the end of their accounting cycle once the fiscal period ends, and reassigned with another account in the subsequent year.


Practices of architecture, which are by their very ambition marginal to the discipline - such as declaredly transgressive practices and practices that tackle the informal dimension of the built environment - are occasionally (though strategically) appropriated by the grand narrative of mainstream architectural discourse. The effect of this transition is twofold: on the one hand, it produces a consistent increase in the impact of these practices by virtue of their enhanced visibility; on the other, the contradictory side to challenging the discipline from within its boundaries is evident, as the paradox of dissidence is that its success is "secured by the annihilation of itself". The paper will analyze two such instances of appropriation - the Patio and Pavilion installation at Whitechapel Art Gallery in 1956, and the Torre David/Gran Horizonte at the Venice Biennale in 2012, and unpack its effects both on the practices themselves and on the disciplinary discourse.


OBJECTIVE To establish a capillary gas chromatography method for determination of six residual organic solvents including methanol,ethanol,acetone,trichloromethane,benzene and cyclohexane in tetrandrine.METHODS The determination was performed on a Rtx-1 capillary column(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm) with nitrogen gas as carrier and FID as detector.DMF was used as solvents.The initial column temperature was 30 ℃,maintaining for 7.5 min,then raising the temperature to 35 ℃ at the rate of 5 ℃·min-1 and maintaining for 11.5 min,then raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at the rate of 40 ℃·min-1 and maintaining for 10 min.RESULTS The six residual solvents showed good linearity(r=0.998 7-0.999 9) in the experimental concentration ranges.The average recovery rates of the preparation were in the range of 99.6%-105.9%.The detection limits were 0.30,0.22,0.16,0.88,0.03,0.10 μg·mL-1.CONCLUSION The method is simple,sensitive,accurate,and suitable for the determination of the residual organic solvents in tetrandrine.


Buckling Failure Boundary for Cylindrical Tubes in Pure Bending Daniel Peter Miller Department of Mechanical Engineering Master of Science Bending of thin-walled tubing to a prescribed bend radius is typically performed by bending it around a mandrel of the desired bend radius, corrected for spring back. By eliminating the mandrel, costly setup time would be reduced, permitting multiple change of radius during a production run, and even intermixing different products on the same line. The principal challenge is to avoid buckling, as the mandrel and shoe are generally shaped to enclose the tube while bending. Without the shaped mandrel, buckling will likely occur sooner, that is, at larger bend radii. A test apparatus has been built for arborless bending. It has been used to determine the limits of bend radius, wall thickness, material properties, etc. on buckling. Key to the process is a set of moveable clamps, which grip the tube and rotate to produce the bend. A complex control system moves the clamps radially to maintain pure bending, without superimposing tension or compression. A series of tests were performed to document the safe region of operation to avoid buckling. Charts have been created to assist the operator, as well as the design engineer, in determining the minimum bend radius. Similar tests will be required for each additional tube size, thickness, material, etc.


I investigated the dynamics of the Valle Pesio wolf (Canis lupus) pack for 3 years using a combination of 3 non-invasive techniques. I estimated pack size and followed the social history of individuals considering data from wolf-howling surveys during the summer, snow-tracking surveys during the winter, and genetic analysis on scat samples collected over the entire year. Single techniques do not provide a good estimate o f the population size; a combination of the 3 provides the most reliable population estimation and provides evidence for the social history of individuals in the pack. Although there was a consistent pack size o f 5-6 individuals during each winter a high yearly turn-over of individuals within the pack occurred. I could not distinguish between dispersal and mortality, but reproduction was documented each summer. Uncertainty concerning the relative role of dispersal and mortality highlights the need for radiotelemetiy studies over a larger area. INTRODUCTION Large-scale studies of pack dynamics based on methods which allow monitoring the life history of individual wolves are of paramount importance for wolf conservation in the Alps. Conservation strategies for mammalian carnivores include the management of disjunct populations, where survival at a larger regional scale often depends on growth and dispersal characteristics of local populations (Haight et al. 1997). Therefore, the monitoring of individual wolf packs through at least several years may provide important information on critical components of population dynamics (Ciucci and Boitani 1999). However, intensive research and monitoring programs on local wolf packs have been limited in Italy (Boitani 1976; Ciucci 1994; Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Boitani and Ciucci 1996) because the non-invasive methods used (snow-tracking and wolf-howling surveys) did not provide information on the history o f individual wolves (Ciucci and Boitani 1999). Therefore, important components of population dynamics such as mortality, dispersal, reproduction, and recruitment are still almost unknown (Ciucci and Boitani 1999). In most cases, radiotelemetry is the best available technology to determine the movement patterns and population demographics o f elusive and secretive animals (Millspaugh and M arzluff2001); however, live-trapping wolves and monitoring a representative sample of radio-collared individuals in populated countries such as Italy is not always feasible (Ciucci and Boitani 1999). Rarity makes direct observation difficult; live-trapping is troublesome and sometimes dangerous for endangered and low density species like wolves. Additionally, capture efforts are expensive and take considerable time and effort (Kohn and Wayne 1997). Non-invasive techniques are preferred whenever they can provide the type, quality, and quantity of data needed. Genetic techniques can be used in the analysis o f faeces (molecular scatology) to address taxonomic issues and demographic questions, through individual identification via 'genetic fingerprinting' (Mills et al. 2000) and sex determination with gender specific markers (Kohn and Wayne 1997). In this study, I examined how the combination o f data from conventional noninvasive techniques such as snow-tracking and wolf-howling surveys, with data from newly emerging DNA-based techniques, may provide a much more comprehensive picture of the hidden life o f the elusive wolf population in the Alps. Wolf-howling and snow-tracking can document reproduction and determine the number of wolves in a pack, while newly emerging DNA-based techniques can document the individual Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. identity of wolf pack members. I monitored wolf pack dynamics and the fate of each individual wolf in the pack for 3 years. By illustrating application o f the non-invasive methods used (snow-tracking, wolf-howling, and genetic analysis on scat samples), I also considered their limitations in terms o f interpretation of wolf pack dynamics, and concordance between the methods. Finally, I proposed an optimal sample collection to document wolf pack dynamics over the long term. STUDY AREA The study area was defined by wolf presence and is located in a mountainous region of the southwestern Alps of Italy and France (Figure 1). The area consists of about 800 km^ and encompasses the Alta Valle Pesio e Tanaro Natural Park (67.7 km^) and adjacent lands. The core area is characterized by long narrow valley bottoms surrounded by rugged mountains, with elevations ranging from 800-2651 m. Dense coniferous and broadleaf forests {Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica are prevalent) cover about 50% of the area, 30% consists of alpine meadows, and 20% of bushes and rocky areas. The few roads in the area are closed during winter. The annual average precipitation is 1285 mm and the snow-season generally goes from November to April. Few human settlements are in the area due to a steady and constant decline in the human population during the past 30 years. However, human density in the region remains high. The most common ungulate species in the area are chamois {Rupicapra rupicapra), roe deer {Capreolus capreolus), wild boar {Sus scrofd), and red deer {fZervus elaphus). Populations o f roe deer, chamois, and wild boar in the study area today are abundant as a consequence of reintroductions by the Park System beginning in the 1980s and of natural range expansion by ungulates throughout Italy (Mattioli et al. 1995). The study area encompassed parts o f Italy and France, and each country


Objective To express the fusion protein of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli(EHEC)O157∶H7 type Ⅲ secret- ed protein EspA and Stx2 toxin A1 subunit(Stx2A1)in prokaryotic expression system, purify the expressed product and determine its immunological activity. Methods Full-length espA and stx2A1 genes were amplified by PCR, based on which fusion gene espA- stx2A1 was obtained by overlapped PCR and, after T-A cloning, inserted into expression vector pET-28a(+). The constructed recom- binant plasmid pET-28a(+)-espA-stx2A1 was transformed to E. coli BL21(DE3)for expression at 37 and 25℃ under induction of IPTG respectively. The expressed protein was purified by affinity chromatography with McAb against EspA. BALB / c mice were im- munized with the purified protein and determined for titer and reactogenicity of antisera, then challenged with natural Stx2 toxin to ob- serve the protective effect of fusion protein. The in vitro neutralizing effect of antisera of immunized mice was determined by toxicity test. Results The fusion gene fragment at a length of 1 319 bp was amplified by overlapped PCR, and recombinant expression vector pET-28a(+)-espA-stx2A1 was constructed correctly. The expression level of target protein at 25℃ was significantly higher than that at 37℃. Both the expressed proteins at 25 and 37℃ existed mainly in forms of inclusion body, and that at 25℃ contained about 40% of total somatic protein. The fusion protein reached a purity of 90% after purification and reacted specifically with both McAbs against EspA and Stx2A1 as proved by Western blot. The antisera of mice immunized with the fusion protein showed specific immune reac- tions with both EspA and Stx2A of O157∶H7. The protective rate of immunized mice against a lethal challenge with natural Stx2 toxin was 95%. The antisera of immunized mice neutralized the toxicity of natural Stx2 toxin to HeLa cells. Conclusion EspA-Stx2A1 fusion protein was successfully expressed and showed good immunological protective effect after purification, which laid a foundation of developing recombinant EHEC O157∶H7 multivalent subunit vaccine.


Plasma facing components (PFC) for future fusion re actors have to withstand high heat fluxes. In case of TORE SUPRA, the developed components were made of a high thermal conductivity CFC material (a composite made with carbon matrix reinforced by carbon fibres) mechanic lly and thermally bonded to a copper heat sink and able to remove incident stationary heat flux of 10 MW/m 2 [1]. In order to reach a value of 20 MW/m 2 for the divertor component of the ITER machine, the lifetime of this assembly submitted to considerable thermal stresses must be increased. The objectives of this activity are: (i) to provide a study of damage mechanisms of the CFC bond, (ii) to propose an optimization of the bond and (iii) to develop a model for predicting the lifetim e of the bond under operating conditions.


France used to be proud of its ability to integrate the children of migrants. In fact, the French Republican model facilitated the assimilation of migrants rather than their ghettoisation. During the years of economic growth, businesses, trade unions and political parties contributed to a successful assimilation process. However, after the first urban riots occurred in a suburb of Lyon during the summer of 1981, two months after the election of ex-President François Mitterrand, a divorce occurred between the children of immigrant families and the institutions of the Republic, including local ones. The palliative remedies of a declining welfare state contributed to the growth of conflict between youth living in poor urban projects (cités) and institutions—above all the police—which produced the riots of 2005. While they have been widely treated as a call for cultural difference within a communitarian framework, these outbreaks of violence can also be viewed as a very strong paradoxical expression of rebellion for assimilation, defined as the right to be a citizen of France notwithstanding ethnic origins rather than an object of discrimination.


: Recent development in technology brought Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) to innovate across many industry fields. However, given the heterogeneous nature of the different integrated components from the virtual and physical spaces, creating a CPS requires high expertise in both engineering and the addressed application domain. Hence, a CPS is complex and time-consuming to design, deploy and test. A model-based approach can tackle this problem by enabling conceptual models to control physical objects and fostering the quick creation of Cyber-Physical Systems. The process logic and decision logic are implemented in re-usable graphical models instead of software code, which makes possible to involve domain-experts early in the design of the CPS. Given the relatively young approach, this paper explores the various model-based CPS that are relevant across industry and how they create value, respectively. For the investigation, a case study research strategy was adopted, which included both literature and a workshop targeting several industry experts. Finally, a pattern matching technique was applied to detect value proposition elements across the created cases.


Background:  The new long‐term care insurance (LTCI) system, known as Kaigo‐Hoken, was implemented in April 2000. We previously reported a change in the type of destination after discharge from a senile dementia therapy ward (named the Midori ward) following implementation of the LTCI system at Fukuoka Prefectural Onga Hospital during the period from 1 April 1999 to 31 March 2001 in Psychogeriatrics (2003; 3: 104–108). We subsequently investigated the type of destination after discharge from the Midori ward at Fukuoka Prefectural Onga Hospital during the period from 1 April 2001 to 31 March 2002.


The analysis of Part I is extended to cold wall conditions. Numerical integrations of governing equations are carried out under widely different ambient and prescribed conditions. The present results are compared with existing continuum and noncontinuum theories and available experimental data for heat-transfer rates, density and temperature profiles. These comparisons help us to understand better the phenomena of slip and temperature jump boundary conditions on the various flow quantities, and to estimate the limits of validity of the various formulations. Reasonably good agreement of our predictions with experimental data is achieved. HE merged-layer numerical solutions of the full Navier- Stokes equations in the stagnation region of an insulated blunt body are presented in Part I. Here, we present extensive numerical solutions of the full Navier-Stokes equations as well as thin-layer equations with and without slip and temperature jump boundary conditions for a wide range of Reynolds numbers, Mach numbers and wall temperatures. In particular, we find that under cold wall conditions skin friction increases, while for the adiabatic wall case it decreases as a result of slip conditions at the surface. A plausible explanation for this and other similar phenomena is given. Further, the importance of slip for the cold wall case as well is emphasized in the present investigation. Detailed comparisons of the present theory with other approxi- mate continuum and noncontinuum theories and experimental data indicate that the validity of our continuum approach can be extended to surprisingly low Reynolds numbers. An attempt is made to estimate the limit of validity of the available theories, including the present formulation. It should be realized that these estimates are yet to be sustained by proper theoretical analysis. Agreement of our theoretical predictions with the observed data for heat transfer rates, density and temperature profiles seems to be reasonably good. *A-1


It is concluded that Faraday rotation observations using a synchronous satellite at 10 to 15 deg W may exceed those obtained on the Starford-ATS1 link by a factor of 10 or more and that this unique enhancement may serve to identify those ionospheric irregularities due to the eclipse from a background of random and unrelated events. (WDM)


(57) Abstract: incoherent the depth of field increases the optical system, a system for reducing the wavelength dependence (100,110,150,160) is a specific objective of the optical mask for non-interference system ( 20,120,124,132) incorporates a. Optical mask, the optical transfer function is designed to remain essentially constant within a certain range from the position in focus. Signal processing of the resulting intermediate image, cancel the optical transmission modulation effect of the mask, resulting in the result, the in-focus image over the depth of field increased. Generally mask is deployed in a location or near the aperture stop or aperture stop of the image of the optical system. Preferably, the mask modulates only the phase, the amplitude of the light is not modulated, it is possible to vary the like filter associated amplitude. The mask can be used to increase the effective range of passive ranging systems.


Long-term researches establish changes in the phytosanitary conditions, caused by different terms of sowing of field cultures in the southeast of Central Chernozem zone. It is shown that influence of the given agrotechnical reception extends on all agrocenoses and total losses of a crop from harmful kinds. The obtained data is a necessary substantiation for corresponding updatings in systems of protection of cultivated cultures at different terms of their terms.


A tube rheometer system has been constructed for aseptic study of the rheology and fundamental flow properties of mycelial fermentation fluids. The rheometer consists of a U‐formed tube circuit starting and ending inside the fermentor. The mash is pumped through the tubes with a lobe rotor pump. The flow is measured by an electromagnetic flow meter. Pressure drops have been measured with a system of differential membrane transducers for different flow rates. The rheometer system was tested with Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluids.


Abstract Background: Being able to resolve the symptoms associated with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is imperative because of its adverse effect upon an individual's ability to perform normal activities of daily living. Although there are several effective treatments for posterior canal BPPV (PC-BPPV) and for horizontal canal BPPV (HC-BPPV), interventions for anterior canal BPPV (AC-BPPV) are less understood. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that have been specifically designed for the treatment of AC-BPPV. Methods: A literature search in the CINAHL Plus with Full Text, ProQuest Medical Library, and MEDLINE databases was conducted using the search terms 'positional vertigo' OR 'positional nystagmus' OR 'positioning vertigo' OR 'positioning nystagmus' AND 'anterior canal' OR 'superior canal'. The evidence level (EL) of each included study was evaluated using the 2011 Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine scale, and the methodological rigor (MR) of each included study was evaluated using a scale adapted from Medlicott and Harris. Results: Through an electronic database search, 342 records were identified. Of these 342 records, four articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Although the Yacovino et al. study demonstrated the best one-treatment resolution rate, the other three studies possessed different distinct advantages. Conclusions: This systematic review revealed four particle repositioning maneuvers that had been specifically developed for the treatment of AC-BPPV. In addition to their relatively high resolution rates, each maneuver was easy to administer and could be safely applied to individuals of various ages and physical abilities.


The article examines certain aspects of the development of self-education in China from ancient times to the present. The urgency of self-education is argued, taking into account the challenges of our time and the policy of the PRC to achieve the quality of education and the formation of an open intellectual society. The article presents a retrospective analysis and essential characteristics of the development of self-educational activity in the context of self-learning, self-training, self-education, individualization and informatization of education. Separate forms of organization of self-educational activity in China are revealed through the introduction of the models «Dalton-plan», «Shenben» and others. Some problems and prospects of informatization and digitalization of education, as well as online education in relation to selfeducation activities in the country are shown.


The end surface of a cylindrical nanotube is considered as an annular and is replaced by a torus by solving the electrostatic problems, they are 1) the interaction of a charged particle with a torus and 2) the interaction of a charged torus with a neutral particle. Solution of the Poisson equation is given in the toroidal coordinate system and expressed by a half-order Legendre function of the first and second kind. The convergence of series expansion is improved by a given transformation of corresponding hypergeometric functions. The calculations are represented for the axially symmetric case.


Objective To provide scientific evidences for the progress of sexual health education in colleges by investigating the perception information about sexual knowledge of college students,and to.Methods One thousand one hundred twenty six students from four colleges in Wanzhou were selected by stratified cluster sampling method and were surveyed through questionnaires.The data was analyzed by software of SPSS16.0.Results Totally 84.5% of the college students thought they could in relationship,the rate of sexual intercourse was 4.76%(in which only 19.5% use contraception),only 57.1% of the students knew about sexually transmitted diseases,69.9% of the students had not received formal sex education.Conclusion Sexual attitudes of college students is gradually opening up.The knowledge on sex of the students was poor,and sexual morality was fuzzy.The education on sexual health knowledge of college students is urgent and necessary.


The paper shows the results of clinical, pathological and histological studies of tuberculosis inflammation and non-specific changes in guinea pigs organs in the experimental model of tuberculosis during the comparative isoniazid and GKP-305 (N'-(2(5-((theophylline-7'-yl)methyl)-4-ethyl-4Н-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetyl)-isonicotinohydrazide) treatment. The optimum location for the GKP-305 injection is found.


The Suzuki cross-coupling reaction is about 30 years old and represents a smooth method for creating carbon-carbon bonds. Typically, in the Suzuki reaction aryl halides are combined with an aryl boronic acid or boronic ester in the presence of a Pd(0) catalyst and base to afford a variety of biaryl compounds (Scheme 1). These biphenyl templates are very common in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).


Running title: SlMBP21 regulates sepal size by ethylene and auxin in tomato Corresponding author: Prof Z. G. Li; School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China; Fax, +86-23-65678902; Tel, +86-23-65678902; E-mail, email@example.com Subject areas: (1) growth and development; (2) regulation of gene expression Number of black and white figures: seven, TIFF Number of color figures: three, TIFF Number of tables: one, EXCEL Number of supplementary material: seven figures, PDF; five tables, EXCEL


EUSO-SPB (Extreme Universe Space Observatory Super Pressure Balloon) [1] is the first path-finder mission of the JEM-EUSO program which hosted a trigger logic to detect Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) following the concept envisaged for the main mission. The performance of the implemented logic was verified by means of dedicated tests carried out in a field campaign at the Telescope Array (TA) site where the EUSO-SPB detector was exposed to the night sky luminosity and to a variety of point-like light sources such as stars, meteors, and laser shots to mimic UHECR tracks. Finally, the logic was tested on board the EUSO-SPB flight. Results satisfied the requirements conceived for the First Level Trigger (FLT) envisaged for JEM-EUSO as described in [2].


Recovery from the consequences of extreme natural disaster requires adequate rule of law. To maintain peace and prosperity, effective systems for providing security must be implemented as a society recovers from disaster. As sexual crimes increased in the wake of a devastating earthquake in 2010 and Hurricane Matthew in 2016, Haiti has been in a unique position to strengthen its protections of women by establishing effective rule of law. Rule of law can be achieved by ensuring access to criminal and civil justice, fundamental rights, and safety, while also holding the government accountable to the people for corruption and misuse of its powers. However, in the aftermath of these disasters, there has not been an effective response to the ensuing outbreak of criminal activity. Crime, especially in the nation's capital of Port-au-Prince, affected a majority of citizens, even before the earthquake; however, women and girls are particularly susceptible to victimization due to misogynistic norms. Even as human rights violations in the form of gender-based violence increased post-disaster, victims were deprived of access to justice, and the rule of law deteriorated.


Acoustic scene classification is the task of determining the environment in which a given audio file has been recorded. If it is a priori not known whether all possible environments that may be encountered during test time are also known when training the system, the task is referred to as open-set classification. This paper contains a description of an open-set acoustic scene classification system submitted to task 1C of the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) Challenge 2019. Our system consists of a combination of convolutional neural networks for closed-set identification and deep convolutional autoencoders for outlier detection. On the evaluation dataset of the challenge, our proposed system significantly outperforms the baseline system and improves the score from 0 . 476 to 0 . 621 . Moreover, our submitted system ranked 3rd among all teams in task 1C.


The paper is devoted to processing algorithms of strips images, obtained by a computer optical topography, for 3D human body model reconstruction. This algorithms implements in the TODP medical system, which intended for diagnostic of postural disorders and widely used in Russian orthopedics.


There are two natural and well-studied approaches to temporal ontology and reasoning, that is, point-based and interval-based. Usually, interval-based temporal reasoning deals with points as a particular case of duration-less intervals. Recently, a two-sorted point-interval temporal logic in a modal framework in which time instants (points) and time periods (intervals) are considered on a par has been presented. We consider here two-sorted first-order languages, interpreted in the class of all linear orders, based on the same principle, with relations between points, between intervals, and inter-sort. First, for those languages containing only interval-interval, and only inter-sort relations we give complete classifications of their sub-fragments in terms of relative expressive power, determining how many, and which, are the different two-sorted first-order languages with one or more such relations. Then, we consider the full two-sorted first-order logic with all the above mentioned relations, restricting ourselves to identify all expressively complete fragments and all maximal expressively incomplete fragments, and posing the basis for a forthcoming complete classification.


arcane details of settlement policy and tenancy laws with some clarity, though she treats with cavalier disregard the proposals of Permanent Settle ment which so exercised the N . W . P . government in the 1860s and early 1870s. She has provided—or at least reprinted—some useful tables and lists. She would have done even more service had she not let so many small mis takes of fact creep in. T h e history of O u d h before 1856 is confused, but not so confused as to excuse D r Whi tcombe 's calling the N a w a b i of O u d h a K i n g  dom, and the K i n g d o m of O u d h a Nawab i in the same paragraph (p. 3 ) ; further to confound the situation, she later credits O u d h with a Board of Revenue. Nor has she avoided inconsistency; on p. 12 we are told that the railways exacerbated deforestation by cutting timber for sleepers and fuel; on p. 92 we are told that timber was imported, presumably making India part of a colonial tied market. T h e University of California Press has hardly helped to improve the book; the proof-reading, and in particular the cross-referencing is poor (in a number of cases the reader is referred to 'p . 00', or in one case, pp. 000-00). T h e prize for poor presentation must go, however, to the map which is repeated both in the book and on the end-papers; not merely is the province so distorted for Benares to appear to be north of Meeru t (a prize certainly ought to be given to anyone who can find the cunningly-hidden direction arrows—which do not appear on the end-paper maps) ; in addition— this accurately reflects D r Whi tcombe 's interests—two of the eastern districts do not appear in outline; Ballia appears merely as a name floating in the Gangas (and not at all on the endpapers), while Gorakhpur , in the late nineteenth century one of the most populous districts of the province, does not even have this shadowy existence.


An estimation of the effects of evaporation of fuel diluted in oil of an engine (1) for internal combustion characterized in that it comprises means (9) for comparing the temperature of the engine oil ( 1) with a temperature threshold and a means for calculating the maximum richness drift if said measurement of the oil temperature is greater than said temperature threshold.


The radiation characteristics of reflector antenna are investigated when its aperture field is grated by using a nonperiodic Fresnel-zone plate lens (FZPL). The focus of study intends to develop a theoretic foundation such that the radiating slot rings can be adjusted to reduce the sidelobes. In particular, the results of slot ring radiation may reduce to the radiation of a 1-D unequally spaced radiating sources. This reduction allows one to employ the conventional array theories of unequally spaced elements to determine the configuration of FZPL. Theoretic formulation as well as demonstrating examples is presented to validate the concept.


Poultry farming is one of the largest branches of agriculture with a high level of production of a variety of organic wastes that require special approaches to useful utilization. The article describes the problem of processing evisceration waste and keeping poultry in quality feed supplements and the estimation of their effectiveness in feeding broiler chickens. In accordance with the studies, it has been established that the studied feed supplements, with a share of feather-down waste of more than 80%, differ in a balanced amino acid composition, a high content of protein (89.9–90.2%) and sulfur-containing amino acids, that is cystine and tryptophan that have a high value in the process of fattening the bird. The ratio of 8 : 2 (feather-down waste : litter) is recognized rational and optimal for a further use the feed supplement produced using this method contains glycine, the most important amino acid for chickens, and is characterized by a high content of calcium and phosphorus due to the components of litter. According to the safety indicators established by the regulatory documents, the feed supplement is recognized high-quality and safe. When estimating the toxicity of the feed supplement using the test organism Tetrahymena pyriformis, no adverse effect on the survival, mobility, growth and behavior of the cells was detected. When analyzing the relative biological value of the feed supplement using Tetrahymena pyriformis, it has been established that the average number of the cells grown with the use of the feed supplement is (8.9 ± 0.9) × 10 cells, which indicates its high nutritional value. Taking into account the results of the studies on the chemical and amino acid composition of the feed supplement, the data of microbiological and toxicological studies, and taking into account the toxicity estimation, it has been concluded that the studied supplement is safe and can be used in the birds diet.


Purpose To evaluate the clinical feasibility of the comprehensive application of interventional techniques in treating acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis caused by iliac vein compression syndrome. Methods Transjugular iliofemoral venous thrombectomy, PTA and/or endovascular stent placement were sequentially performed after inferior vena cava filter was implanted. Results All the 6 patients had complete clot lysis. Seven iliac vein narrowings in 5 of the 6 patients were successfully treated by deployment of PTA and 2 narrowings of iliac vein in the remaining patient were successfully treated by deployment of a Wallstent endoprosthesis and a Z stent. All the 6 patients were asymptomatic with a mean follow up of 19.4 months(range, 5-33.5 months). Conclusion The comprehensive application of transjugular iliofemoral venous thrombectomy, PTA and/or endovascular stent placement for the treatment of acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis caused by iliac vein compression syndrome is an safe, effective and microinvasive method with high patency rates in the medium term.


New teachers' job-taking training in vocational colleges not only concerns the problem if the new teachers can adapt to the job as soon as possible,but also concerns the quality of higher vocational education.Through the questionnaire and interviews with the new teachers of vocational colleges,this paper analyzes their job-taking demands and the difficulties they have met at the very beginning of their career,which is in the hope of strengthening the pertinence and practicability of their job-taking training,enhancing the training effect and improv-ing the quality of higher vocational education.


The main aim of this study is to examine if financial factors such as Return on Assets, Price to Book Value and Debt Equity Ratio have any influence on the Earning Per Share. The analysis is focusing on the manufacturing sector of Indonesia using companies indexed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The results showed that there is an influence of Price to Book Value on Earning Per Share as well as of Debt Equity Ratio to Earning Per Share. The coefficient of determination is relatively high supporting the results.


Based on the principle of defrost and humidification by the return air for forced cooling refrigerators,this paper analysed the main impact factors of the humidifying process,then put forward a method to improve the humidity for fresh-food storage compartment by the return air defrosting in a air forced cooling refrigerator,and validated the humidification effect by a series of experimental.The experimental results are significative for improving the humidification of a air forced cooling refrigerator.


Abstract Ootaki, T., and Tsuru, T. 1993. Diphasic negative phototropism of sporangiophores of the piloboloid mutant of Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Experimental Mycology 17, 103-108. The sporangiophore (spph) of a piloboloid mutant of Phycomyces , the extension zone of which expands radially at the final developmental stage (stage IVb) as elongation comes to an end, bends away from light when its diameter exceeds about 210 μm. As spph diameter increases, negative phototropism becomes more marked, with the bending angle showing an asymptotic approach to -40° as the diameter approaches 360 μm. With still larger spphs there is a further rapid increase in bending angle to about -90°. This diphasic pattern of negative bending with the largest spph supports the hypothesis that the optical properties of the nearly transparent extension zone of the spphs are involved in determining the maximal bending angle as well as determining the phototropic direction in this fungus.


ABSTRACT: We extend Fisher et al. (2003) to investigate the effectiveness of a budget‐based incentive contract to settings with alternate task characteristics.We first replicate their finding: when...


ABSTRACTThis preliminary report describes the Hunter Heartbeat Method, a drama-based social skills intervention designed to improve the social interaction, pragmatic language, and facial-emotion recognition skills of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Fourteen children with autism spectrum disorder were recruited for the first-ever systematic implementation of this drama-based intervention. Piloting of post-test measures indicated that the participants' scores increased across time on measures of social skills, communication, and pragmatic language. Furthermore, the Penn Facial Recognition's facial emotion recognition task, a computer-based facial emotion task, detected change in skill across time. Importantly, the intervention was acceptable to participants and parents and feasible to implement. The preliminary results need to be replicated with a larger number of participants and within a more controlled design. However, these findings indicate that Hunter Heartbeat Method shows promise in impro...


Without undergoing structural changes, and maintaining a uniform thin film, and provides a fast switching operation the memory device and a method of operation. Comprises at least two electrodes and the contact on the insulator transition material layer is melted by heat to form a conductive path to a transition material layer, the device and method drastically metal by an energy change in electron-metal to an insulator transition. Metal-insulator transition, the structure changes, the conductive paths. Memory


We study the convergence of a finite volume scheme for a model of miscible twophase flow in porous media. In this model, one phase can dissolve into the other one. The convergence of the scheme is proved thanks to an estimate on the two pressures, which allows to prove some estimates on the discrete time derivative of some nonlinear functions of the unknowns. Monotony arguments allow to show some properties on the limits of these functions. A key point in the scheme is to use particular averaging formula for the dissolution function arising in the space term. Callovo-Oxfordian Claystone: Processes governing advective gas flow J.F. Harrington, R.J. Cuss and D.J. Noy In a repository for radioactive waste, a combination of corrosion of ferrous materials under anoxic conditions, the radioactive decay of the waste and the radiolysis of water, will lead to the formation of hydrogen. If the rate of gas production exceeds the rate of gas diffusion, then a discrete gas phase will form and enter the surrounding material when its pressure becomes sufficiently large. In a clay-based geological disposal facility (GDF), four primary phenomenological models describing gas flow can be defined: (i) gas movement by diffusion and/or solution within interstitial fluids along prevailing hydraulic gradients; (ii) gas flow in the original porosity of the fabric, commonly referred to as visco-capillary (or 2phase) flow; (iii) gas flow along localised dilatant pathways, which may or may not interact with the continuum stress field; (iv) gas fracturing of the rock similar to that performed during hydrocarbon stimulation exercises. Understanding the mechanisms controlling the advective movement of gas and its potential impact on the GDF host rock is crucial, both within performance assessment and the long-term prediction of the repository's evolution. To address these issues, the British Geological Survey (BGS) have performed a series of long-term laboratory experiments, using bespoke apparatus to examine the mechanisms controlling gas flow and pathway sealing in the Callovo-Oxfordian Claystone (COx); the proposed host rock for the French repository. In this way, a detailed picture of the fundamental mechanisms controlling gas flow is beginning to emerge for gas flow in initially saturated COx. New results clearly demonstrate that advective gas flow is accompanied by dilation of the samples (i.e. the formation of pressure induced micro-fissures) at gas pressures significantly below that of the minimum principal stress. Flow appears to occur through a local network of inherently unstable pathways, whose properties vary temporarily and spatially within the claystone. The coupling of variables results in the development of significant time-dependent effects, impacting many aspects of COx behaviour, from gas breakthrough time, to the control of deformation processes. Variations in gas entry, breakthrough and steady-state pressures may result from the arbitrary nature of the flow pathways (which vary spatially and temporally within each sample), microstructural heterogeneity which may exert an important control on the movement of gas, or, a combination of the two. Examination of other clays, mudrocks and shales (e.g. Boom Clay, Opalinus Clay, bentonite, seabed sediments and north sea caprocks) indicate gas flow is accompanied by an increase in sample volume associated with a change in porosity caused by the formation of gas pathways. Under these conditions, data suggests gas flow is along pressure-induced preferential pathways, where permeability is a dependent variable related to the number, width and aperture distributions of these features. As data continues to be acquired and our understanding of these processes improves, a new conceptual model for advective gas flow in COx has emerged; one in which the onset of gas flow and the hydromechanical response of the material are integrally linked. The importance of pathway dilatancy during gas flow has now been clearly demonstrated and is driving the development of new conceptual and numerical models for gas flow in COx. Incompressible two-phase flow in a fractured porous medium. Elyas Ahmed, Jérôme Jaffré, Jean E. Roberts We describe a numerical model for incompressible two-phase flow in a fractured porous medium with a flow exchange between the rock matrix and the fracture. The model uses the global pressure formulation and takes into account changes in the relative permeability and capillary curves between the rock matrix and the fracture. The model is discretized with mixed finite elements. First numerical results will be shown. Variance reduction approaches in stochastic homogenization


The critical chain/buffer management (CC/BM) methodology, proposed by E.M. Goldratt [1997. Critical chain. New York: The North River Press], introduced the concept of buffers to protect the critical chain against the disruptions. The buffer sizes reflect the uncertainty in the estimation of project duration and affect the project scheduling performance. However, the most current buffer sizing approaches make the assumption that project activity durations are independent. In this paper, the effects of the dependence between activities on project duration performances are analysed, a method for determining buffer sizes with dependence assumption between activities is introduced. Specifically, two definitions reflecting dependence, which are the dependence degree and the dependence factor, are integrated into the formulation of buffer sizing approach. The suggested method is tested and compared with the methods with independence assumption, the root square error method, the adaptive procedure with resource tightness and the adaptive procedure with density. The results indicate that the methods with independence assumption may underestimate the buffer size when at least one of the two definitions is at a high level, while the suggested method can provide better protection in such circumstances.


Impact yield stresses for hard brittle substances can be related quantitatively to indentation hardnesses if it is assumed that both are governed by a critical shear stress criterion for the onset of rapid plastic flow. The critical shear stress τgp is related to the shear stiffness on the glide plane by τgp?0.043Ggp. Therefore, hardness measurements can be used to obtain low−temperature yield stresses for these materials and to estimate impact yield stresses.


Myoglobin is an α‐helical globular protein containing two highly conserved tryptophanyl residues at positions 7 and 14 in the N‐terminal region. The double W/F replacement renders apomyoglobin highly susceptible to aggregation and amyloid‐like fibril formation under physiological conditions. In this work we analyze the early stage of W7FW14F apomyoglobin aggregation following the time dependence of the process by far‐UV CD, Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and heme‐binding properties. The results show that the aggregation of W7FW14F apomyoglobin starts from a native‐like globin state able to bind the prosthetic group with spectroscopic properties similar to those observed for wild‐type apoprotein. Nevertheless, it rapidly aggregates, forming amyloid fibrils. However, when the prosthetic group is added before the beginning of aggregation, amyloid fibrillization is inhibited, although the aggregation process is not prevented. Moreover, the apomyoglobin aggregates formed in these conditions are not cytotoxic differently from what is observed for all amyloidogenic proteins. These results open new insights into the relationship between the structure adopted by the protein into the aggregates and their ability to trigger the impairment of cell viability.


This study aimed to examine the role that informal and formal social support play with psychological well-being as reflected in positive and negative emotions of injured terror survivors in Israel. A total of 150 survivors who were eligible for social support and assistance by government agencies completed questionnaires that examined positive and negative emotions, informal social support, and formal social support from public government agencies provided by professional trained social workers. A hierarchal regression demonstrated that informal social support is associated with improved psychological state. However, formal social support, although provided by professional agencies, failed to demonstrate such an association. Theoretical, clinical, and policy implications of the findings are discussed.


A temperature compensated magnetic field sensor based on the combination of CoFeB ferromagnetic thin films and Quartz/ZnO Love waveguide platform is developed and optimized. The Love wave is a shear horizontal guided wave and therefore provides an optimal interaction with magnetization in the magneto-elastic thin film resulting in higher acoustic wave magneto-elastic coupling compared to the conventional Rayleigh wave based devices. ST-cut Quartz was chosen as substrate, ZnO as insulating layer for Love wave generation and temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) compensation and CoFeB as the magnetostrictive layer sensitive to magnetic field. Experimental results show a magneto-acoustic sensitivity of 15.53 MHz T−1 with almost zero TCF.


A photonic approach using two cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators(MZMs)and a semiconductor optical amplifier(SOA)is proposed to generate microwave signals with a frequency 24times of that of the low-frequency seed signal,with the advantages of wide frequency coverage and excellent clutter suppression.In the proposed system,a low-frequency seed signal is applied to modulate the lightwave from a laser source in the two cascaded MZMs which are biased at the maximum transmission point(MATP)via adjusting the dc bias to suppress the odd-order sidebands.Then the±2nd sidebands and the optical carrier at the output of the second MZM will be eliminated by properly adjusting the modulation indices of the two MZMs as well as the phase shifts introdued by the tunable electrical phase shifter(TEPS)and the tunable optical phase shifter(TOPS),resulting in the generation of the±4th sidebands.The±4th sidebands are then injected into the SOA to be two pump waves,so that two idle waves(i.e.,±12th sidebands)would be generated due to the four wave mixing(FWM)effect.The±12th sidebands are selected by using an optical filter and sent to a high-speed photodetecor.As a result,a microwave signal with a frequency 24times of that of the low-frequency seed signal is achieved.Finally,experiment and simulation are performed to verify the feasibility of the approach.When the frequency of the microwave driving signal is tuned from 11GHz to 12GHz with an interval of 0.5GHz,the spacing of the generated±12th sidebands is achieved from 264GHz to 288GHz.


Plasmodium falciparum is the protozoan parasite responsible for the majority of life-threatening cases of human malaria, causing more than one million deaths a year. The global emergence of drug-resistant malarial parasites necessitates identification and characterization of novel drug targets. At present, α-carbonic anhydrase (CA) genes are identified in limited numbers of parasites in both protozoa and helminthes, however, the malarial genes are found in four species of Plasmodium. The CA gene of P. falciparum encodes an αcarbonic anhydrase enzyme possessing catalytic properties distinct of that of the human host CA I and II isozymes. P. falciparum native and recombinant enzymes have been prepared. Eighteen new schiff base ligand (AA01-AA18) related to previously reported potent blood schizontocidal antimalarial agent, 2-tertbutylprimaquine were synthesized and evaluated for in vivo antimalarial activities against drugsensitive Plasmodium falciparum strain. Acute toxicity studies found that synthesized compounds were less toxic than the parent compound chloroquine, while preserving the desired antimalarial activity. Five of the analogues (AA3, AA6, AA-4, AA-9 and A-10) have exhibited curative antimalarial activity at a dose of 25mg/kg/day×4 and produced suppressive activity at a lower dose of 10 mg/kg/day×4The results of antimalarial activity showed that the ligand AA-1 exhibits moderately active while complex AA6 exhibits good activity for chloroquine sensitive and resistant. INTRODUCTION: Malaria is the most serious, complex and refractory health problems facing humanity. Almost one half of the world's population is exposed to the threat of malaria and the disease is responsible for two million deaths each year, either directly or in association with acute respiratory infections and anaemia and upto 1 million of those deaths are children.


System for storage and injection of an additive in an internal combustion engine exhaust gases, said system comprising a tank (1) for storing the additive, an injector (3) and a pump (6) for conveying the additive from the reservoir (1) to the injector (3) via an injection line (2), said system further comprising a purge device suitable for forcing the flow of a purge gas through the entire injection line (2) or the tank (1) to the injector (3) or of the injector (3) to the tank (1).


Objective To investigate the most appropriate etching time in orthodontic treatment,by comparing the clinical failure rates of bracket bonded at 10 seconds and 60 seconds etching. Methods A total of 540 bonds were studied over a period of 3 months. Results There were statistical differences between 10 seconds and 60 seconds etching.10 seconds etching failure rates was higher than that of 60 seconds etching, 10 seconds etching failure rates was only 8.4%,furthermore,the failure area was most frequently seen in second premolar. Conclusion 10 seconds etching time can be adopted for anterior tooth in routine clinical use.


Yumi Sakugawa is an illustrator and comics artist based in Los Angeles and she has been using her Instagram account to experiment with digital self-help. These experiments build on Sakugawa's previous work in print comics and her millennial guides to improving the self, such as Your Illustrated Guide to Becoming One with the  Universe (2014) and the Little Book of Life Hacks (2017). She uses smartphone tools like note-taking and messaging apps to create mindfulness and meditation exercises, delivered on the platform of Instagram.  https://www.instagram.com/yumisakugawa/
Erika Lust makes multi-lingual erotic films using a sex-positive feminist approach and is based in Barcelona.  What I'm really interested in, in terms of life narrative, is her XConfessions series. XConfessions is built around a  forum-based online community in which women share their fantasies. Lust then turns these fantasies into erotic films. Lust makes women's sexuality, experience and desire the center of her filmmaking practice, and she adapts the confessional mode for feminist and commercial purposes.  https://xconfessions.com


The use of computer algebra systems in Mathematics education could and should in uence the future curriculum how to teach integration. The traditional way only brie y touches the area problem, to switch very quickly to antidi erentiation. Graphical representations as well as symbolic and numeric capabilities of modern computer algebra systems like DERIVE enable enhanced teaching techniques: students can easily access graphical representations of area approximations, the integrals of many elementary functions can be determined by limits of Riemann sums, recurrence equations for de nite integrals can be automatically detected using partial integration. This method has the advantage that the students learn to judge the quality of area approximations better, that numerical integration methods easily can be studied, that the development is more on the historical lines, that the importance of the fundamental theorem can be better understood. Furthermore it is easy to study series representations, e.g., as a byproduct of integration techniques. Using DERIVE this leads to a new concept of how to teach integration which will be demonstrated by practical examples.


The analysis of natural reproduction of sturgeons in Volga River and Caspian Sea during last 40 years is represented. It is determined that natural replenishment of sturgeon depends on the main hydrological factors and admission of breeders for spawning grounds. The negative effect of anthropogenic society on the sturgeon stock is shown.


Reverse logistics plays an important part in the development of Harbin cycle logistics, and also promotes the sustainable economic development. It recognizes and analyses the significance of reverse logistics, and then presents the strategy.


This paper explores the potential benefits of ICT (Information and communication technologies) from the perspectives of services to the frail elderly and chronic illness sufferers in home and community settings with a particular interest in falls prevention and detection. There is a high incidence of falls amongst the elderly that might be assisted through ICTs which could provide benefits to consumers, families, carers and care provider organisations. It offers a model for prevention and detection of falls of the elderly which are a particularly complex issue and associated with a range of risk factors. Whilst there is increasing interest in ICT for aged and community care as represented by national strategies, pilot projects and early roll-outs, much care in home and community settings remains labour intensive.
There are perceived to be significant benefits available to consumers, their families, care professionals, care provider organizations and care funders from further investment in ICTs for home care. Falls are a major and complex risk in ageing that can have catastrophic outcomes. Any innovation in ICTs for prevention and detection of falls is likely to produce significant benefits for consumers, families, carers and communities.


We report on easy orientation axis alternation in new photoaligning polymers (PG materials) based on cellulose backbone containing photosensitive cinnamoil groups. Materials have strong application potential due to high aligning quality and photosensitivity, strong anchoring energy, small sticking effect. Rejuvenation of polymer after UV‐irradiation makes PG attractive for various applications.


OBJECTIVE
to compare parametric (AR) and non parametric (FFT) spectral analysis results obtained in 512 beats series.

INTERVENTIONS
104 healthy subjects with normal physical examination and electrocardiogram were studied. The Ecg was recorded at rest, with controlled breathing at 15 cycles/min., and sampled at 300 Hz. The spectral VLF, LF and HF were calculated with FFT algorithm. For the same series, an auto-regressive analysis (AR) with optimized choice of the order of the model (AIC criterion) have been computed, VLF, LF and HF components were identified by AR spectral decomposition.

RESULTS
In both groups, athletes and sedentary, there were no statistically differences between VLF, LF, HF and LF/HF spectral indices computed by the two methods.

CONCLUSION
the results suggest that with controlled breathing it does not seems to exist any advantage in the use of AR spectral analysis to compute spectral components of heart rate variability, which is much more laborious that fixed bands non parametric FFT analysis.


Chronic renal failure (CRF) is one of the most important health problems in our population. From the early
stages of the disease progression, the activation of Vitamin D in kidney is affected, resulting in
abnormality in the regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the blood. In the present study, 30 Chronic Renal Failure
patients visiting Nephrology OPD and 30 age and sex matched volunteers were studied. Serum levels of Urea, Creatinine,
Calcium, Phosphate and Vitamin D were measured in the study participants. The data after statistical analysis showed
signicantly higher levels of Phophate and signicantly lower levels of Calcium and Vitamin D in the CRF patients in
comparison to healthy control subjects. Phosphate and Vitamin D also shows signicant correlation with serum creatinine levels
in the CRF patients. The present study conrms the abnormality in Calcium-Phosphorus metabolism as a complication of CRF in
our population, and highlights the importance of regularly measuring these parameters in CRF patients and possible need of
taking corrective measures in this regard.


This investigation aimed to study the general self‐efficacy level and its influential factors of breast cancer screening for the female college students in Changchun city of China.


CONCLUSION THE MAXIMUM difference in mean birth weight found in this study was 370g between English boys and East African girls. The feeding pattern for the Punjabi children in the present study was very different from that reported in the case of rural Punjabi children (McNeill, 1985). Our study therefore confirms the conclusion reached by McNeill that the behaviour of ethnic groups tends towards the practices and behavioural patterns of the adopted society. It is also clear that if the percentage of babies who are breast fed is to be increased much more education through pre-conceptual and antenatal classes will be necessary. Communication with ethnic minority mothers may present difficulties due to language differences. REFERENCES CHETCUTI P., SINHA S. H. & LEVENE M. I. (1985): Birth size in ethnic subgroups born in Britain. Archs. Dis. Child., 60, 868-870. EVANS, N., WALPOLE, I. R., QURESHI, M. U., MEMON, M. H. & EVERLY JONES, H. W. (1976): Lack of breast feeding and early weaning in infants of Asian immigrants to Wolverhampton. Archs. Dis. Child., 51, 608-612. HARRIS R. J., ARMSTRONG, D., ALI, R. & LOYNES A. (1983): Nutritional Survey of Bangladeshi children aged under five years in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. Archs. Dis. Child., 58, 428-432. McNEILL, G. (1985): Birth weight, feeding practices and weight-for-age of Punjabi children in the U.K. and in the rural Punjab. Hum. Nutr.: Clin. Nutr., 39C, 69-72. MARTIN, J. & MONK, J. (1982): Infant feeding 1980. London: Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. OPPE, T. E., ARNEIL, G. C., DAVIES D. P., LAURENCE, B. M., LLOYD, J. K., STROUD, C. E., WHARTON, B. A., WIDDOWSON, E. M. (1980): Present day practice in infant feeding. 1980; DHSS. Report on Health and Social Subjects, No. 20. London: HMSO.


Summary Various aqueous wood preservative solutions containing Cu(II) in the form of copper(II) sulphate or copper(II) octanoate, ethanolamine and in one case octanoic acid were investigated by spectrophotometry, polarography and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Results have shown the same coordination environment around Cu(II) in all solutions with ethanolamine. Computer simulation of the EPR spectra also revealed that the coordination in the first coordination sphere of copper is the same at low concentration of ethanolamine. At 20% ethanolamine concentration, a mixture of two complexes (one with two nitrogens and the other with three) could be detected. The active compound in the investigated ethanolamine containing solutions is the same when previously synthesised copper(II) octanoate was used, or when copper(II) sulphate and octanoic acid were utilized instead. Fungicidal and leaching experiments with the treated wood resulted in the same conclusion: it is not necessary to use pre-synthesised copper(II) octanoate for the preparation of waterborne copper/ethanolamine wood preservatives. Preservative preparation time and costs can be reduced by simply dissolving copper(II) sulphate and octanoic acid in aqueous ethanolamine solutions.


Aim: Adolescence is acknowledged as a transitional life stage towards adulthood together with a set of pivotal movements, such as developing from dependence to independence and from irresponsibilit ...


Recent discoveries of oil and gas have principally been located in the central part of the Ordos Basin, which is a petroliferous basin with the largest discovered reserves and annual production of tight sandstone gas in China. For tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the transition zone of the basin margin, the process of natural gas accumulation has remained relatively vaguely understood, because of the transitional accumulation of geological conditions such as structure, sedimentation, and preservation. In this study, thin-section identification and scanning electron microscopic observations of the reservoir core, measurement of the physical properties of the reservoir, microscopic petrography research and measurement of the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions, digital simulations, and laser Raman spectroscopy analysis were combined to analyze the process of natural gas accumulation of the Permian Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan block, Hangjinqi area, northern Ordos Basin. The results showed that the Lower Shihezi Formation reservoir in the Duguijiahan block began gas charging in the southern part as early as the Early Cretaceous (130–128 Ma), and then gradually charged in the northern part. Three stages were identified in the digital simulations of gas charging, i.e., the breakthrough, rapid, and fully saturated stages. The initial porosity of the Lower Shihezi Formation reservoir ranged between 28% and 40%. Later, because of strong compaction and interstitial filling during burial, the sandstone porosity decreased rapidly, and densification (porosity < 10%) occurred in the mid–late Jurassic. This late tectonic uplift caused a continuous reduction in ground temperature, and diagenesis had a weak effect on pore transformation. The present porosity of the Lower Shihezi Formation reservoir basically inherited its characteristics in the late Early Cretaceous. The current average porosity of the reservoir is 8.58%, and the average permeability is 0.88 mD, and it can thus be characterized as a tight reservoir. The gas accumulation process of the Lower Shihezi Formation has three stages: (1) the depositional stage (C–P), corresponding to the depositional stage of the source-reservoir-cap combination in gas reservoir; (2) the natural gas accumulation stage (T–K1), corresponding to the period of rapid source rock maturation and natural gas charging step-by-step; and (3) the gas reservoir adjustment stage (K2–present), corresponding to the period of uplift and natural gas charging in the early stage that gradually migrated and accumulated northward along the fracture zone. Finally, the gas accumulation model in the transition zone at the margin of basin was established.


We integrated a group of related experiments focusing on isolation,cultivation and mutation breeding of protease-producing bacteria into an experiment module and applied it in microbiological experiment teaching.The experiment module included preparation and sterilization of media,isolation of protease-producing bacteria,optimization of cultivation conditions,characterization of the strain,mutation breeding of the strain by UV exposure.


In this paper we introduce a system for deflection measurement of floating dry docks. The system contains two measurement channels observing opposite directions of the dock. It also includes set of reference marks, an industrial computer and a display. Each channel contains CMOS camera with long focal-length lens. Reference marks are implemented as IR LED arrays with 940 nm working wavelength for better performance within bad weather conditions (e.g. fog, rain, high humidity etc.). In the paper we demonstrate results of an analysis of different optical schemes for coupling the oppositely directed channels of the measurement unit and show that the scheme with two image sensors with separated lenses is an optimal option, because it allows usage of nonequidistant location of reference marks and demonstrates the least value of parasitic shift caused by rotations of the measuring unit. The developed system was tested both on specially-designed setup and in real infrastructure of a floating dry dock. The conducted tests proved that a measuring error of the system is smaller than ± 1.5 mm within the measurement range of ± 150 mm when deflection of 100 m dock is measured. Obtained results showed that the system demonstrates an ability to work in a harsh environment including poor weather conditions.


The development of the Systems Engineering data standard AP233 was initiated and pursued by the work of the SEDRES and SEDRES‐2 projects during 1996 through 2001. Subsequently Modular‐AP233 has been under development, building on the experience of the SEDRES/AP233 data model, and extending the scope with additional Systems Engineering concepts. This document explains how a data standard such as AP233 provides support to a practical systems engineering process, in at least two ways, firstly by providing clarity to systems engineering concepts and secondly by enabling practical support to interoperability of systems engineering support tools. The support is illustrated primarily in the context of ANSI/EIA 632.


Objective:To study the value of MAIA technology in clinical diagnosis of PCOS and establish the normal range of our lab.Methods:Serum sex hormone of 72 patients with PCOS and 100 controls were assayed by MAIA technology.Results:Sex hormone normal range:FSH:3.39~11.35mIU/L,LH:1.62~5.18IU/mL,PRL:3.62~23.72 μg/mL,E 2:10.61~34.53 μg/L,P:0.36~2.82 μg/L,T :0.02~0.52 μg/L.PCOS patients had an significant increase of serum LH and T l evels compared with controls.Conclusions:MAIA technology is a credible method f or the diagnosis of PCOS.


This article describes the theoretical-methodological foundations of forecasting macroeconomic indicators based on the rules of the national accounts system, specific features of gross domestic product calculation, its improvement and forecasting, scientific proposals and recommendations for the development of econometric forecasting models and methodology of macroeconomic indicators.
KEY WORDS: system of national accounts, gross domestic product, econometric model, forecasting, comparative indicators, comparative analysis, econometric evaluation, regression model, macroeconomics, production, use, economic potential, statistical analysis, classification


BIOTEC culture collection has been established in 1996. Initially, BIOTEC focuses on insect pathogenic fungi and, later, expands to diverse group of fungi, yeasts and bacteria as well as uncultured strains from the extreme environment in order to support the research program and taxonomists development. At present, almost 40,000 strains are collected and preserved, these include fungi (27,000), yeasts (2,600) and bacteria (8,300). The cultures are maintained in freezing and freeze drying stage as to ensure their genetic stability for long term storage. In addition, the temperature monitoring system of freezing unit has been set up to control and regulate the temperature for the survival of preserved cultures. The data generating from research work were managed by a computer program named Microbial Information Management System (MIMS) which was developed by the Information Systems Laboratory. MIMS enables the users to input and retrieve data and information on number and diversity of preserved cultures as well as biotechnological products produced. * Corresponding author. Tel.: Tel. (66-2) 564 6700 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Beside the continuation of financial support, human resources are also the important factor for the long term sustainability of the collection. BIOTEC has launched the Human Resource Development Program in Biotechnology for neighboring countries since 2001 and expanded to cover the Asia Pacific region in 2007. The course ranges from 3 to 12 months long which includes basic and advance training on biotechnological techniques such as molecular identification of bacteria fungi and yeasts, management of culture collection, screening techniques for biological products. Ninety nine scholarships have been granted from 2001 to 2009. BIOTEC Culture Collection (BCC) has been certified with ISO 9001:2000 as a service provider since 2005. The deposition and distribution of cultures have been served with MAA and MTA which carefully produced by the Bio-law Department at BIOTEC.


The Journal of Negro Education is pleased to publish this seminal collection of research articles on teacher preparation and the Black community. To begin, I offer a preliminary analysis to examine diversity within the teaching force, and among preschool through 12th grade (P-12) students in the United States using the American Community Survey (ACS). The ACS is a nationwide survey designed to provide demographic, social, economic, and housing data for the nation, states, congressional districts, counties, places, and other localities every year (For information on the ACS visit ). Today, of the more than 6 million teachers in the United States, nearly 80 percent are White, 9.6 percent are Black, 7.4 percent are Hispanic, 2.3 percent are Asian, and 1.2 percent is another race. Eighty percent of all teachers are female. Relative to the composition of P-12 students in the United States, the current teaching force lacks racial and gender diversity. This report provides commentary on the causes and consequences of having a majority white and female teaching force in diverse school systems, as well as strategies to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion among P-12 teachers and students. WHERE ARE WE NOW? Teachers comprise the largest professional occupation in the United States; accounting for the most professional employees among college-educated White women, Black women, and Black men. Despite the large number of Black male teachers relative to other professions held by college educated Black men, they represent less than 2 percent of the teaching force, of a student body that is 7 percent Black male. By comparison, White female teachers comprise 63 percent of the teaching force, of a student body that is 27 percent White female. Considering the entire student body, the United States has one White female teacher for every 15 students and one Black male teacher for every 534 students. See Table 1 for a complete picture of the racial and gender diversity in the U.S. teaching force. Males of all races are underrepresented in the U.S. teaching force. The percent of White male P-12 students is twice the percent of White male teachers; the percent of Black male students is more than 3 times the percent of Black male teachers; and the percent of Hispanic male students is almost 7 times the percent of Hispanic male teachers. The overrepresentation of White female teachers may mitigate some issues associated with the lower number of White male teachers, because they have cultural alignment with White males. However, irrespective of gender, Black and Hispanic teachers are underrepresented in the U.S. teaching force. Nationally, Black and Hispanic boys spend the majority of their school experiences under cross-gender and crosscultural supervision. See Table 2 for a complete picture of the racial and gender diversity in the U.S. school system. Several reasons account for the dearth of Black male teachers. First, Black males are less likely to graduate from college. In the U.S. population, 16 percent of Black males and 19 percent of Black females have completed college. Second, Black males are less likely to major in education. In 2009, 7,603 Black males and 25,725 Black females graduated from college with a degree in education. Third, Black males, who graduate with a degree in education, are less likely to become a teacher. Only 23 percent of Black men with a degree in education become a P-12 teacher, compared to 27 percent for White men, 41 percent for Black women, and 42 percent for White women. Interestingly, Black men are more likely man any other race gender group to become educational administrators. Almost 7 percent of Black males with a degree in education become educational administrators, compared to 5 percent for Black females and White males, and only 2.8 percent for White females. "Managers" was one of the top five occupations for Black and White males with a degree in education. …


This article has developed specifications for a new model-driven decision support system (DSS) that aids the key stakeholders of public hospitals in estimating and tracking a set of crucial performance indicators pertaining to the patients flow. The developed specifications have considered several requirements for ensuring an effective system, including tracking the performance indicator on the level of the entire patients flow system, paying attention to the dynamic change of the values of the indicator's parameters, and considering the heterogeneity of the patients. According to these requirements, the major components of the proposed system, which include a comprehensive object-based queuing model and an object-oriented database, have been specified. In addition to these components, the system comprises the equations that produce the required predictions. From the system output perspective, these predictions act as a foundation for evaluating the performance indicators as well as developing policies for managing the patients flow in the public hospitals.


Abstract
The common radiographic manifestations of abused children are discussed along with the mandated obligation of the doctor to recognize and report any reasonable suspicion of non-accidental trauma in his/her pediatric patients.


33. Carmona RH, Tsao T, Dae M, Trunkey DD. Myocardial dysfunction in septic shock. Arch Surg 1985; 120: 3&35. Heideman M, Saravis C, Clowes GHA. Effect of nonviable tissue and abscesses on complement depletion and the development of bacteremia. J Trauma 1982; 22: 527-31. Ward PA,Till GO, Kunkel R, Beauchamp C. Evidence for role of hydroxyl radical in complement and neutrophildependent tissue injury. J CIin Invest 1983; 72: 789-801. Henson PM, Larsen GL, Webster RO, Mitchell BC, Goins AJ, Henson JE. Pulmonary vascular alterations and injury induced by complement fragments: synergistic effect of complement 34.


I needn't have been nervous about meeting the CNO - she immediately put me at ease. Calm and measured, she projects authority. We got straight down to business.


Monte Carlo simulations are performed numerically to characterize the behavior of both the forward and backward scattered fields for a millimeter source different rain media. Especial attention is given to long-distance wave propagation in such media. Numerical simulations are performed at high millimeter-wave frequencies using distorted Born approximation in conjunction with single scattering for rain droplets for a narrow beam radar whereby both the radar within the rain medium.


This paper is concerned with an analytical study on the internal wave generated by a flat plate that is submerged and located at the interface of a two-layer fluid. The flow pattern can be constructed as it applies near the stern of a wide blunt ship or submarine. The Fourier transform and Wiener–Hopf techniques are applied to analytically solve the linearized problem for the Froude number F < 1 and different values of density ratio ρ. The main objective of this research paper is to investigate the impact of the density ratio on the downstream waves, as well as to minimize or eliminate the waves past the stern completely. It is shown that for the flat plate the wave amplitude was not eliminated, but it decreased for a small Froude number F as the density ratio decreased.


During the recent times, Pandemic Covid-19 shook the whole world and brought it to a standstill. Besides daily routine necessities it impacted 37.4 million higher education Indian students also in a big way. There were many Institutions which quickly switched over to the online mode of teaching, learning and conducting examinations successfully, but others could not. This paper is an attempt to study the feedback of students who completed their course work and wrote the examination in the online mode and also to get an insight into the working of online mode of classes.


This paper discusses the research on crack-exposed children, their development and its implications for educational policy. It details the medical community's lack of consensus how, or if, crack-cocaine effects the cognitive development of children born pre-exposed to the drug. The article gives attention to some of the prevailing questions about crack-exposed children at school age and their educational needs. It addresses the question of whether crackexposed children are really doomed for failure, why educational policies and programmes designed specifically for crack children are necessary, and explores the implications for early intervention programmes and school-based programmes. At the heart of this paper lies a policy paradox. In the US one set of (health and social service) policies have targeted crack-exposed children and in so doing, have constructed the 'problem' as a public health issue. Other policies to address the 'crack-baby crisis' defined the 'problem' as a criminal issue, and thus punitive policies toward crack-using women became the focus of policy initiatives. This policy trajectory has thus masked and displaced the need for policy work in other areas; here, educational work.


The article deals with the use and description of quantitative
analysis of texts for the processing of Czech verbal
communication within psycholinguistic disciplines. It focuses
on the application of a computer-assisted procedure, which aims
to classify and quantify formal characteristics (FPT) of
recorded texts. This system enables the analysis of vast
amounts of content data as well as facilitates the comparison
of the results with other data, in particular with information
about the communicators, such as their personal
characteristics. The paper also briefly presents the research
QPA-FPT, which is carried out in 2013-2016 at the University of
South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice (Department of Pedagogy and
Psychology, CZ) as a pilot study for the CPACT research. The
research aims to enrich the current state of knowledge of the
psycholinguistic analysis of texts, to enhance
computer-assisted methods of text analysis, and to provide data
for a possible application of the procedure within diagnostic
and psychological disciplines..


Nanoparticles are becoming increasingly important in many areas, including catalysis, biological applications and information storage. Their unique size-dependent properties make these materials superior Chitin and chitosan are the second most available biopolymer after cellulose. Chitosan extraction consists of four common steps such as demineralization, deproteinisation, decolourisation and Ndeacetylation. Synthetic polymers have all along been the major materials involving in our daily life. They are seen in a wide range of applications from dietary to mechanical support. However, they have also created problems in disposal as they are considered not biodegradable and take up millions years to degrade back to the nature. In other words, they consume a large space and become a major issue as environmental pollution increasing the demands for biopolymers, which exhibit the characteristic of biocompatibility, biodegradable, and non-toxicity. Chitosan being as a biopolymer extracted from shrimp shells can be developed to act as a solution for environmental issue. In addition, chitosan also gains its fame in wastewater treatment and bio medical field due to its metal absorption and antibacterial properties respectively. Derivatives of chitin oligomers have also been implicated as morphogenic factors in the communication between International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 7 (2016) pp. 751-758 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


The aim of this paper is to identify the link between industrial parks, clusters, incubators and those branches of activity generating/ potential generating growth and jobs in Romania. Through a theoretical approach of the issue and given the data available at national level, this undertaking was focused on the role of competitiveness in developing economic sectors based on smart specialisation, on the quaternary sector support instruments, as well as on the impact business incubators, clusters and industrial parks have on increasing employment by stimulating the emergence and development of SMEs. The tertiary sector is both condition and consequence of the technical progress and the link between services and material production is made by advanced technologies included in the quaternary sector. The government can support the development of this sector in particular by expanding the hard and soft infrastructure, educating and training skilled workforce, supporting research and development etc. Clusters, industrial parks and business incubators are the link between territorial and sectorial development and some branches of activity in the smart specialization field are advantaged. These branches are: bio-economy, information and communication technology, space and security, energy, environment and climate change, Eco-nano-technologies and advanced materials, and health. Clusters, industrial parks and business incubators can really make the difference when it comes to creating the necessary environment for a proper functioning of horizontal and vertical collaboration, leading to the emergence and development of industries generating progress.


The past twenty years have witnessed an explosion in the number of international instruments dealing with the environment. From climate change to biological diversity and from the protection of endangered species to the restriction of the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes, the length and breadth of international environmental law is its own topic, one that includes a variety of multilateral-, regional-, and bilateral-agreements as well as their compliance regimes. How effective are these regimes in compelling compliance? And more so, where a compliance regime cannot effectively compel a non-compliant party to perform its legal obligations is there recourse to the Law of State Responsibility and to the use of countermeasures?


The kinetics and oxidation of lysine by PMS in the presence of β-cyclodextrin was studied in acetic acid -sodium acetate buffer medium at 308 K. The rate constant n increased with increase in [Lysine]. In the addition of [beta cyclodextrin], the rate of the reaction increases. pH variation and solvent variation had no effect on the rate of the reaction. Thermodynamic parameters: free energy of activation (∆G 0 ) enthalpy of activation (∆H 0 ) and entropy of activation (∆S 0 ) was calculated by studying the reactions at 303K, 308 K and 318K respectively. The positive value was obtained as enthalpy, entropy and free energy of activation. These entropy and enthalpy changes were favored through inclusions. The positive enthalpy values, positive entropic values are obtained, indicating that this inclusion was hydrophobic interaction. ∆G◦ obtained are also positive. It indicated that the inclusion process proceeded non-spontaneously at experimental temperature. The formation of inclusion complex was confirmed by UV-Visible absorption studies. The stability constant values of lysine are 3.7 L/mol. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 12.32 LM -1 and 37.33M -1 respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of pharmaceutical formulation with good accuracy.


The problem of water treatment at thermal power plants using ion-exchange technologies is a multi-parameter task. Mathematical modeling is essential for research and optimization of ion exchange technology. The analysis of hydrodynamic processes during the operation of ion-exchange filters was carried out according to the developed mathematical model. Also, a physicochemical analysis of the composition of the water treatment plant solutions under real conditions was carried out. It is shown that in the cationite and anionite filters, the flow movement occurs mainly in a mixed hydrodynamic mode. This mode of regeneration and the filter design do not allow achieving the minimum consumption of the reagent for regeneration, the minimum volume of wastewater and the maximum output of demineralized water. The mixed mode of the anion exchange filter operation allows division of the outgoing solution flow into fractions, which can be successfully used in the TPP water cycle.


The stabilization problem of networked distributed systems with partial and event-based couplings is investigated. The channels, which are used to transmit different levels of information of agents, are considered. The channel matrix is introduced to indicate the work state of the channels. An event condition is designed for each channel to govern the sampling instants of the channel. Since the event conditions are separately given for different channels, the sampling instants of channels are mutually independent. To stabilize the system, the state feedback controllers are implemented in the system. The control signals also suffer from the two communication constraints. The sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix equalities are proposed to ensure the stabilization of the controlled system. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the advantage of our results.


The pressure‐induced shifts by dimethyl ether of the infrared lines of the 2–0 band of hydrogen chloride have been measured. The shifts in the R branch are similar to those produced by the noble gases, but the shifts for all the J values in the P branch are negative. Large shifts (4×10—2 cm—1 per atm) are observed for P1 and P2 and then the shifts decrease rapidly reaching a minimum at P4. For larger J values the shifts become large again. A qualitative explanation of this type of shift is given.


Editor's Introduction. Note on the Text. David Hume: An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals (Text with Annotations). Glossary. Editorial Appendix. Biographical Appendix. List of References. Catalogue of Hume's References. Hume's Index. Editor's Index.


This study examined the effects of 1400W, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), on contractile function and iNOS expression in reperfused skeletal muscle. The right extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of 104 rats underwent a sham operation or 3‐h ischemia followed by 3‐h or 24‐h reperfusion (I/R). Rats received 3 mg/kg 1400W, 10 mg/kg 1400W, or water subcutaneously. Results showed that EDL contractile function in both 1400W‐treated groups significantly outperformed the controls at 24‐h but not at 3‐h reperfusion. Although iNOS expression increased in all three I/R groups during reperfusion, a significantly smaller increase was found in 1400W‐treated muscles after 3‐h reperfusion, and more dramatically so after 24‐h reperfusion. Our results indicate that inhibition of iNOS preserved the contractile function in reperfused skeletal muscle, perhaps via downregulating iNOS expression. Protection by 1400W at 24‐h reperfusion suggests that the role of iNOS in exaggerating reperfusion injury is more prominent in the later stages of injury. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Ultrathin FeNiOxHy nanoflake arrays with the thickness of only ~4.5 nm were prepared on Ni foam (NF) via a facile hydrothermal reaction. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) properties of the obtained sample (FeNiOxHy/NF) were investigated under alkaline conditions (1.0 M KOH). The optimized FeNiOxHy/NF displays extremely small overpotentials of only 195 and 306 mV to achieve the current densities of 10 and 1000 mA cm−2, respectively, and shows almost no potential attenuation during the 160 hours of stability test even the current density is up to 1000 mA cm−2, demonstrating brilliant OER catalytic activity and durability. FeOOH and the NiOOH produced from the in situ oxidation of the surface Ni atoms of the NF substrate are the active sites. The synergistic effect between FeOOH and NiOOH is responsible for the high performances. To our knowledge, the high activity and stability of FeNiOxHy/NF catalyst outperform almost all of the OER catalysts reported to date. These informative findings are valuable not only for understanding the mechanism of OER but also for the design of cheap transition metal catalysts for industrial water electrolysis at high current densities.


Sport injuries are a constant in physical activity and sport and represent, to a greater or lesser degree, an obstacle that most athletes have to face and which could have an impact on economical, occupational and educational aspects, as well as on physical and psychological health. Traditionally, sport injury was deemed the result of biomechanical forces exerted on the body and sustained during participation in sport activity, under which perspective the athlete is considered merely as the container of a set of parts that break down and must be repaired. In contrast, Sport Psychology has brought the individual into a central active role, both when sustaining and recovering from an injury. This paper promotes a psychological perspective on sport injury and reviews the main psychological models posed for both the pre-injury and the post-injury phases. Finally, the paper addresses some of the main problems encountered by research on sport injury and sets out several guidelines for future research in the field.


Based on a survey and the photographs taken from the vegetation landscape in Guangzhou parks, the correlation of plant disposition and vegetation landscape was studied by means of the SBE(Scenic Beauty Estimation Procedures) and LCJ (The Law of Comparative Judgment) of Psychological paradigm. Data were assessed with the SAS (Statistical Analysis System) system. The best plant disposition model was acquired, which embodied the characteristics of landscape architecture of Lingnan style and the south subtropical features. And the scientific basis for plant lanscaping was also provided.