Teaching of software engineering is faced with higher demands of quality proposed by the development of computer science as well as objective problems brought by massive higher education. The courses of software engineering should cultivate students into applied talents on software engineering. The courses of software engineering should carry out education according to students' characteristic and improve students' understanding and enthusiasm about theoretical knowledge by strengthening experimental practice. Thus, it is of vital importance to design and innovate experimental teaching. By analyzing the status quo and cultivation objects of computer teaching, experimental teaching contents for software engineering course have been delicately designed. We hope the concept and theoretical knowledge of software engineering can integrated into practice through a series of tools and experimental exercises so that students can have deep understanding about software engineering. KeywordsSoftware engineering; Practice; Design;


A continuous-flow method for the determination of nitrate and phosphate in water is proposed. The method is based on insertion of reagents and sample solutions into a single channel through a programmable switching valve. The method depends upon heteropolyacid with phosphate and on the modified Griess reaction for nitrate, and permits the determination of PO-34 in the range 1-20 μg/ml and NO-3 between 5 and 100 μg/ml, the achievable sampling frequency being 45/hour. The two analytes can be determined in N/P ratios between 0.25 and 100. The method has been applied to the determination of nitrate and phosphate in the sea-water used in fish farms.


Fast and accurate numerical techniques are developed for calculating the optical depth of modulation of integrated optical de- vices with various dielectric buffer layers. The matrix effective refrac- tive-index (MERI) method is used in calculating the LiNbOo proton exchange single-channel optical mode parameters. An approximate technique for calculating electrode electric field distributions as a func- tion of various buffer layers is presented. Comparisons of computer simulations to experimental measurements performed on Mach-Zehn- der modulators containing various buffer layers demonstrate that the numerical techniques are sufficiently accurate for computer-aided de- sign (CAD) use. The error between calculated and measured V, is less than 3% for a modulator with a 60-nm SiOz buffer layer and less than 1% with a 200-nm IT0 electrode structure. In general, given the same electrode dimensions, the use of IT0 electrodes results in a reduction of the drive voltage required as compared to electrodes on thin ( < 100 nm) dielectric buffer layers.


Control measurements during assembly of a hull on the slipway are carried out in rectangular coordinate system OXYZ which is inclined at a certain angle determined by building conditions. A mathematical model of deflections and the most appropriate methods of their measurements is presented. A diagram of real deflections of the hull obtained in the way of the measurements is also presented. 1 Initial assumptions


We present recent measurements of the CKM angles alpha and gamma using data collected by the BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. In addition to constraints on alpha from the decays B0 {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, B0 {yields} {rho}{sup +} {pi}{sup -} and B0 {yields} {rho}{sup +}{rho}{sup -}, we also report the first measurement of time-dependent CP asymmetries in the decay B0 {yields} a1{sup +}(1260) {pi}{sup -}. We present measurements of gamma in B+ {yields} D(*)0 K+ decays using a Dalitz analysis in the modes D{sup 0} {yields} Ks {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} and D{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup 0}. We present recent measurements of the CKM angles alpha and gamma using data collected by the BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. In addition to constraints on alpha from the decays B0 -> {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, B0 {yields} {rho}{sup +} {pi}{sup -} and B0 {yields} {rho}{sup +}{rho}{sup -}, we also report the first measurement of time-dependent CP asymmetries in the decay B0 {yields} a1{sup +}(1260) {pi}{sup -}. We present measurements of gamma in B{sup +} {yields} D(*)0 K+ decays usingmore » a Dalitz analysis in the modes D{sup 0} {yields} Ks {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} and D{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup 0}.« less


This paper presents a novel Arabic dataset that considers the characteristics of the Arabic language filling some gaps not covered by existing datasets. Conventional datasets consider Arabic in a similar way to Latin languages. These datasets either delete diacritic and supplement marks, considering them as defects, or keep them without considering the actual meaning. More than half of all Arabic characters have diacritics above or below characters. In this context, this work presents the novel Detailed Arabic Dataset (DAD) for bridging these gaps. The additional marks included in this dataset are the single dot, two dots "-", three dots "^", Hamza and two supplement marks: The bar for Tah, or Zah and the complement bar for Kaf. A special application was built to generate a dataset for Arabic online recognition and writer identification (called OFMArabicDatasetBuilder). Totally the ground truth contains 93064 entries based on sub-word and letter parts (not on words or lines as other datasets). This dataset will provide researchers with a strong tool for online Arabic language text recognition especially in the segmentation phase and writer identification. This paper also presents benchmarking results of using k-nearest neighbours machine learning with DAD.


The total amount of trade in services,trade in services industry structure,competitiveness index three angles development of Sino - US trade in services comparative analysis of the development of bilateral trade in services has a strong complementary,the United States in high added value knowledge and technology - intensive trade in services with strong international competitive advantage,and China in low value - added labor - intensive and resource - intensive service trade has a comparative advantage. Empirical analysis by constructing econometric model bilateral serv- ice trade competitiveness factors for the regression results proposed to increase the competitiveness of China's service trade measures and suggestions.


ABSTRACT:As a genre, the gothic deals frequently in loneliness, isolation, and paranoid orientations toward others. These characteristics make the gothic a productive lens through which to explore the effects of neoliberalism, particularly the way neoliberalism structures intimate human connection. I analyse three plays by Jen Silverman, demonstrating how her use of gothic conventions illuminates the promotion of isolation within neoliberal discourse as well as the exchange of emotional intimacy for public intimacy and the commodification of intimacy within the attention economy. By reframing familiar gothic tropes, Silverman draws parallels between the rebellious nature of gothic villains and the hyper-individualism promoted by neoliberal discourse. She further reworks the gothic heroine's struggle against patriarchal authority, utilizing it to interrogate the role of family life within neoliberalism. Through these techniques, Silverman highlights the anxious tension that lies at the heart of neoliberalism: between fearing others and needing them to affirm our existence.


The successful operation of a high energy polarized beam at the Argonne Zero Gradient Synchrotron with the concommitant development of depolarizing resonance correction techniques has led to the present project of commissioning such a beam at the Brookhaven AGS. A description of the project was presented at the 1981 National Accelerator Conference. The current paper presents a more detailed description of how Brookhaven personnel plan to preserve the polarization during acceleration and how they intend to tune through some 50 resonances and reach their goal of a 26 GeV polarized proton beam with greater than 60% polarization. Some aspects of their resonance correction techniques are to cross resonances by fast passage and not rely on spin-flip; to use the slow AGS tune shifting quadrupoles to avoid hitting integer or half-integer resonances at v = 9.0 and 8.5; and to pulse the ring sextupoles in order to flatten the vertical tune profile and keep the total tune shift constant as a function of radius. They are also prepared to use a compensating horizontal (v /SUB x/ ) shift during the correction time should this prove necessary.


HEMORRHAGIC PHENOMENA constitute a rare complication of measles infection. Hudson et al 1 in their review of the literature, were able to cite only 22 well-documented cases, all of which were secondary to thrombocytopenia. In 1966, Oski and Naiman 2 reported the thrombocytopenic effect of live attenuated measles virus vaccine. They demonstrated a significant though generally mild depression of platelets in a large proportion of children receiving this vaccine. However, total platelet count never fell below 64,000, and in no instance were purpuric manifestations noted. We believe the patient reported herein to represent the first recognized case of thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to measles vaccination. Report of a Case The patient was a 14-month-old white boy at the onset of thrombocytopenic purpura. He had been delivered by cesarean section at 35 weeks of fetal life, surgery being necessitated by placenta previa. His birth weight was 2,098 gm (4 lb 10 ounces)


For many years, social work educators have employed simulation in the form of role-play to provide students with opportunities for practical experience. This paper presents a brief overview and analysis of the development of role-play as a learning device for students in acquiring the knowledge, values and skills of social work practice. How role-play works as a learning device is explained through an adapted simulation game model. The model is used to provide a framework for a constructive learning experience and the importance of focus in underpinning a competency-based approach is emphasised. The teaching process, which includes creating a safe environment, identifying learning needs, role-play design and ground-rules for enactment, observation and feedback, is analysed and implementation issues are addressed.


Consumer preferences can serve as an effective basis for determining key product attributes necessary for market success, allowing firms to optimally allocate time and resources toward the development of these critical attributes. However, identification of consumer preferences can be challenging, particularly for technology-push products that are still early on in the technology diffusion S-curve, which need an additional push to appeal to the early majority. This paper presents a method for revealing preferences from actual market data and technical specifications. The approach is explored using three machine learning methods: Artificial Neural Networks, Random Forest decision trees, and Gradient Boosted regression applied on the residential photovoltaic panel industry in California, USA. Residential solar photovoltaic installation data over a period of 5 years from 20072011 obtained from the California Solar Initiative is analyzed, and 3 critical attributes are extracted from a pool of 34 technical attributes obtained from panel specification sheets. The work shows that machine learning methods, when used carefully, can be an inexpensive and effective method of revealing consumer preferences and guiding design priorities.


This is an approximation to the Legal Thought of Joseph Ratzinger". It presents mainly the subject related to the prepolitical foundations of the Modern Constitutional State, specifically based on the analysis of the debate held in 2004 by the former cardinal of the Catholic Church, Joseph Ratzinger, and the renowned German philosopher, Jurgen Habermas. This debate is something innovative since these exponents of different philosophical positions synthesize their thoughts in an extraordinary way. The main result of this work is the finding of how an author, representative of religious thought, and another, representative of secular thought, having in principle different perspectives on the foundations of a modern constitutional state, come to agree that in practice the state needs fundamentals pre-political that even precede it so that a real state of law can be given. At last, and to link and reinforce the previous results, certain topics that are part of the aforementioned thesis are analyzed, but from an analysis based on | 123 a global perspective of the XXI Century of certain presuppositions of the contemporary democratic state.


Objective-To investigate theprevalence and diagnosis ofchronic respiratory disease inadults. Design-Screening questionnaire wassenttoall patients aged40-70 ontheregister ofagroupgeneral practice; thoseresponding positively weresenta detailed questionnaire andinvited forassessment of respiratory function byforced expiratory volume in onesecond, forced vital capacity, peakflow rate, and reversibility studies with a13adrenergic inhaler. Setting-Group general practice insouthwest London. Results-Of 2387patients aged40-70, 1444completed ascreening questionnaire. Ofthe509patients whoreported cough, phlegm, wheeze, orshortness ofbreath, 324responded toadetailed questionnaire, 256ofwhom hadsimplerespiratory function assessed. Chronic bronchitis affected 106(17%) men and58(7%)women,andwheeze occurring atleast oncea weekaffected 60(9%)menand20(3%) women.Onlyahalf toathird ofpatients hadreceived adiagnostic label ofchronic bronchitis orasthma for their symptoms. Therewasconsiderable clinical andphysiological similarity (including reversibility oftheairways) between patients labelled ashaving asthmaandhaving chronic bronchitis. A label of asthma wasusedmoreoften forpatients ofsocial classes IandII. Conclusions-Comparison with prevalence surveys carried outinthe1950s showed that respiratorysymptoms areascommonnowasthen, butthe risk ofdisabling chronic bronchitis hasfallen, more amongmenthanwomen,probably because oftheir reduced smoking. Changes indiagnostic fashion, together withincreased detection, mayhavecontributed totheupwardtrend inreported morbidity fromasthma overthepast30years.


The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Earth Summit), held in Brazil in 1992, represented a turning point in the promotion of indigenous peoples' rights relating to the environment. A number of legal instruments adopted at the Earth Summit, such as the Rio Declaration, Agenda 21 and the Convention on Biological Diversity, established international legal standards to protect indigenous peoples' rights to their traditional knowledge and practices in the area of environmental management and conservation. Most importantly, there now exists an international legal framework which recognises the unique relationship indigenous people have with their traditional lands. Main issues The world's biological, cultural and linguistic diversity are imperiled. While the nature and extent of the threat to the Earth's biological richness is much debated, there is no doubt about what is happening to humanity's cultural and linguistic diversity. Indigenous peoples account for most of the world's cultural diversity. Their distinct ways of life vary considerably from one location to another. Of the estimated 6,000 cultures in the world, between 4,000 and 5,000 are indigenous. Approximately three-quarters of the world's 6,000 languages are spoken by indigenous peoples. Many of the areas of highest biological diversity on the planet are inhabited by indigenous peoples. The " Biological 17 " , the 17 nations that are home to more than two-thirds of the Earth's biological resources, are also the traditional territories of most of the world's indigenous peoples. (The countries that comprise the " Biological 17 " are: States of America, and Venezuela). When looking at the global distribution of indigenous peoples, there is a marked correlation between areas of high biological diversity and areas of high cultural diversity. This link is particularly significant in rainforest areas, such as those found along the Amazon, and in Central America, Africa, Southeast Asia, the Philippines, New Guinea and Indonesia. Of the nine countries in which 60 per cent of human languages are spoken, six also host exceptional numbers of plant and animal species unique to those locations.


Development of voice recognition for student attendance system is beneficial in many ways. It helps the lecturer in administrative the attendance of their student with efficiency. This is because students always cheat with their attendancy by signing on behalf of their friend who did not attend class. With this project, voice biometric is used as a medium for student to mark their attendance. Cheating among students will be prevented because like fingerprints, each voice is different. The objectives of this project are to study and understand the properties understand the properties of speaker recognition and to analyze the effectiveness of using Euclidean distance feature for speaker recognition. Databases of 26 volunteers were collected consisting of only male. The report result is tabulated. Three types of analysis were done, first same train is used as test data reported 100% correct. The remaining two analyses used different test data recording. Volunteers use the same sentence as test data reported 76.92% correct. Lastly volunteers used their name and the correct percentage is 46.15%.


Along with the prompt development of the computer science,the virtual-reality technology has become more an more perfect.Meanwhile,the cost of matched software and hardware had been reduced rapidly. Designers in different fields paid more attention to it. Aimed at the actuality of landscape design teaching in our country, the author discussed the indispensability and feasibility of introducing of virtual-reality technology into course design.


The Local Remedies Rule : Is there a Principled Basis for Distinguishing between Application to Judicial Expropriation Claims versus Denial of Justice Claims?


For students commencing university study their first year can be a challenging and daunting experience. Selfefficacy, being the students' own perception of themselves and their personal capabilities, is critical to a student's ability
to transition from high school to university (Bandura 1997; Bandura 1989). To address the need to improve students'
belief in their personal capabilities to transition successfully, a pre-university preparation (PUP) program was developed
at an Australian university. This paper reports on the findings of the PUP experience, on students' perceptions of the
transition to university, and on the self-efficacy issues they identified. Students completed a survey at the commencement
of the program and then provided qualitative feedback at the finish regarding how they anticipate the program will assist
them in adjusting to university life. Data collected suggests that students who undertake this program have more realistic
expectations of what university life will be like and feel better prepared to make the change from secondary school to the
tertiary environment. We will argue that it is with a greater awareness of their capabilities supported by the PUP
program that students will successfully transition to university.


The tumour‐promoting agents 12‐0‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) and phorbol‐12,13‐dibutyrate (PDB)1 are potent mitogens for human peripheral blood lymphocytes. In contrast, the non‐cocarcinogenic substance phorbol lacks lymphocyte‐activating properties. Non‐toxic levels of retinoic acid (RA) or retinyl acetate (RAt) inhibit the phorbol‐ester‐induced lymphocyte proliferation. Selective inhibition of phorbol‐ester‐stimulated lymphocyte blastogenesis required the near‐concurrent addition of retinoids. Differences in the sensitivity of phorbol‐ester‐stimulated lymphocyte subpopulations to the antagonistic action of RA or RAt, respectively, suggest that the inhibitory effect of retinoids may not be due to a common mode of action. Lymphocyte cultures may provide a useful model system for studies of the mechanisms of action of both phorbol esters and retinoids.


Naming Dienes First identify the longest chain containing both carbons with double bonds in the compound. Then give the lowest possible number for the location of the carbons with double bonds and any other functional groups present (remember when naming alkenes that some groups take priority such as alcohols). Do not forget stereochemistry or any other orientation of the double bond such as (E/Z,cis or trans). Examples: Examples_naming.bmp


In 1742 the Bolognese Senate transferred the contents of two seventeenth-century museums from their shared home in the Palazzo Pubbhco, in the city center, to a building in the heart of the city's university district, the Palazzo Poggi, which had recently come under tha jurisdiction of Bologna's nawly foundad Institute of the Sciences. In his contemporary account of the early days of the Institute, Giuseppe Gaetano Bolletti writes of one of the two collections, that of the Bolognese marchese and Medici courtier


Thank you for downloading the rebirth of russian democracy an interpretation of political culture. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this the rebirth of russian democracy an interpretation of political culture, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious bugs inside their computer.


The influence of two kinds of ceramsite TL1 and TL2 volume replacement ratio on the working performance,mechanical properties and autogenous shrinkage of the C60 self- compacting concrete were studied.The experimental results show that with the increasing of ceramsite volume replacement ratio the working performance of the C60 self- compacting concrete decreased,the volume replacement ratio within 20%the influence on working performance was not obvious;With the increasing of ceramsite volume replacement ratio the axial compressive strength of the C60 self- compacting concrete increased after the lower on the on the same curing condition.When the ceramsite TL1 and ceramsite TL2 were prewetting 24 hours,and the volume replacement ratio of them were 20%and30%respectively,the axial compressive strength of he C60 self- compacting concrete was highest,autogenous shrinkage in 400 hours was reduced by 66%and 57%respectively,no autogenous shrinkage in the 100 hours.


We studied the structural and electronic properties of the ZnTe/CdTe(100) interface with reflection high‐energy electron diffraction and angle‐resolved synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). ZnTe overlayers grown at 300 °C on CdTe(100) were fully strained and pseudomorphic up to ≊16 A. Beyond this coverage the ZnTe film starts to gradually relax the 6.6% in‐plane lattice strain. Complete relaxation is reached at a ZnTe coverage of ∼300 A. A valence‐band offset of ΔEv=0.00±0.05 eV was measured with ARPES at the Γ point. This propitious band lineup may allow for the use of a ZnTe intermediate layer at metal/CdTe structures to induce ohmic back contacts in CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cells.


The year 2016 was arguably one of shock and unpredictability for Thailand. No other major event in 2016 was as historically significant as the passing away of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej (1927–2016) on 13 October 2016 at the age of eighty-nine. He was the beloved King of all Thai people, and the world's longest-serving monarch, reigning for seventy years. His frail health since 2014 had been closely monitored by Thailand's leading medical professionals. The Royal Household Bureau's various announcements on the condition of his health time and again caused concern nationwide and led to many religious ceremonies to wish him a speedy recovery. Once the official announcement of his passing became public knowledge, the whole nation seemed to come to a standstill. Most commuters travelling home that evening shed tears publically without embarrassment while checking the news on social media. Every sector of Thai society agreed that the King's passing was a major historical transition. Once they overcame this sense of great loss, the other prevailing question was what would happen in terms of the royal succession. Aside from the King's passing, the political landscape in Thailand in 2016 was more pessimistic. Thai society continued to be characterized by polarized contention and other negative political features. The full blossom of democratization was still far from reality, though the draft charter was completed and approved by a nationwide referendum in August 2016. Some argued that Thailand was still in an indefinite transition, while others labelled it a great leap backward. For those with a pessimistic view, the acronym COSTUP would describe the state of affairs


Due to complexity of the reaction process,there exist arguments among different researchers on the mechanism for selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NOx.This paper reviewed the mechanisms for SCR using different reducing agents,such as H_2,CO,hydrocarbon,NH_3 and(NH_2)_2CO,including the intermediates formed during SCR,such as CH_3NO_2,()(CH_2)(CH)O(),(NO_2[NH~+_4]_2),NO_y,C_xH_yO_zN,C_xH_yO_z, NO~+,NCO and C_tH_xO_yN_z.Influence of oxygen vacancies and active sites on surface of the catalysts and supports on SCR results was discussed.Trends in this field were outlined,too.


The damage thresholds of five different types of quartz glass used for the production of spectroscopic cuvettes for liquids were determined with single temporal and spatial mode nanosecond pulses at 532 nm. One of the glasses had a damage threshold of ≃420 J/cm(2), which was more than twice that of the other glasses.


The open method of coordination (OMC) has increased the competence of the European Union to regulate areas where the traditional Community legislative processes are weak, or where new areas require coordination of Member State policy, either as part of the spillover of the integration project as a result of economic and monetary union, or as a result of the case law of the European Court of Justice. The OMC is viewed as an aspect of new, experimental governance, which is part of the response by the EU to regulatory shortcomings. This article explores the normative aspects of the OMC using case studies. The article examines the conditions in which the OMC emerges, the conditions upon which it thrives, and the claims that are made for its effectiveness as a new form of governance.


A calculated method is proposed which uses the region areas to modulate the pulse of the corresponding neurons in PCNN. The edge detection for the blurred Image with noise can reduce the noise and obtain a precise edge value of the image. First, based on the analysis of the difference between the edge pixels and the noise pixels, it proposes a method, which suppresses the noise by the region areas. Second, it suggests that image segmentation uses the pulse of the corresponding neurons in PCNN. The experimental results show that this method is effective and feasible.


This paper describes an experimental program to examine the force–displacement behavior of a class of multi‐spherical sliding bearings. The primary goal of the experiments is to test the validity of the theory developed in a companion paper that describes the behavior of these devices. Experimental work consisted of testing the three primary variations of these bearings in several configurations of different friction and displacement capacities. Most tests were carried out at slow speeds; however, some testing was also conducted at high speed (up to approximately 400 mm/s) to examine the behavior under dynamic conditions. The results of experimental testing were generally found to be in very good agreement with the analytical results. It is shown that the forces and displacements at which transitions in stiffness occur are predictable and therefore controllable in design. Furthermore, the underlying principles of operation were confirmed by the fact that starting and stopping of sliding on the different surfaces occurred as expected from theory. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The invention relates to a method of cleaning an inner wall of a pipeline. The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out ungrease treatment on the pipeline; (2) filling cleaning fluid into a high-pressure water gun; (3) cleaning through the high-pressure water gun; (4) cleaning through a hairbrush; (5) cleaning through high-pressure pure water; (6) carrying out drying treatment; (7) carrying out internal inspection on the pipeline. According to the method, more than once cleaning process is performed, so that the inner wall of the pipeline can obtain a good molding surface and cleanliness, and dust and some metal particles inside and outside the pipeline can be effectively removed to obtain a clean and dry work piece surface.


This article describes two approaches to obtaining the views of users of health services: the self‐completion questionnaire and the focus group. The theoretical framework of each method will be given along with implications for their use in clinical audit. Practical examples of both are provided, in relation to the work of a district general hospital. The advantages and disadvantages of questionnaires and focus groups are set out as well as some suggested steps for the successful application of the two methods. In conclusion, it is argued that when used together, focus groups and questionnaires complement one another and allow users' views to be heard within the audit process.


Self-locking belt retractor having a vehicle-sensitive and / or belt webbing-controllable blocking device for the belt shaft, with a profile head as carrier of a locking of the belt shaft movably disposed to the housing the locking member and with a force limiting device in the form of a at its one end rotatably connected with the belt shaft and at its other end rotatably connected with the profile head connected to the torsion bar, characterized in that at least one of the one of the interconnected components (10, 11) arranged axially projecting projection (14) (in at least one end face to the other component (10, 11) brought in recess 20) engages, and (in which (between the attachment 14) and the inner wall 21) of the recess (20) formed annulus log (between the shoulder (14) and the inner wall 21) of the recess (20) wedging and an axially acting tensile stress counteracting and thereby carrying axial forces clamping ring (16, 17, 19) is arranged.


This article has analysed the developing location and subject construction of Jilin Normal University and explored a series of theory and practice problems about the developing tendency and prospect of teachers eduation and high teachers schools. To increase running school level is the need of adapting to teachers' urgent need. To consturct subject is the essence of increasing running-school level. And to adjust the subject structure is the main method of subject construction.


Politicians often use Twitter to express their beliefs, stances on current political issues, and reactions concerning national and international events. Since politicians are scrutinized for what they choose or neglect to say, they craft their statements carefully. Thus despite the limited length of tweets, their content is highly indicative of a politician's stances. We present a weakly supervised method for understanding the stances held by politicians, on a wide array of issues, by analyzing how issues are framed in their tweets and their temporal activity patterns. We combine these components into a global model which collectively infers the most likely stance and agreement patterns.


The present paper is aimed at the use of solid material samples with square and circular uniform cross-section for analyzing fractal characteristics of creeping discharges propagating over solid/liquid interfaces under alternating current voltages. Considered solid insulating samples are made of glass and acrylic materials. A test set up based on a point-plane electrode arrangement is used to initiate creeping discharge in a laboratory environment. These configurations are used to analyze the effect of the shape of the cross section of the solid material on the fractal dimension calculated by box counting method and the area of the discharge patterns. Results show that the shape of the cross section of the solid dielectric material does not have a significant effect on the fractal dimension. However, it affects the area of the discharge patterns.


This is a small-scale qualitative study of perceptions of the phenomenon groove in relation to streetdance, with the purpose of sharing and highlighting groove as a streetdance technique. The data ...


Among the known synthesis procedures and reagents for unsupported Ni–Mo–W catalysts, there is no consensus about optimal preparation conditions of their precursors. In the present work, Ni–Mo–W precursors were prepared via three preparation techniques—hydrothermal synthesis, precipitation method and spray drying—after the synthesis of complex compounds in solution. Ni–Mo–W precursors were studied by the XRD analysis, SEM methods, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies and XPS measurements and used for the hydrotreatment of straight-run gasoil. Precursors prepared by hydrothermal synthesis contain particles with stacked plate shapes, while other methods provide spherical particles. The formation of different amounts of individual molybdates, tungstates or mixed phases such as W1−xMoxO3 possibly doped by Ni was detected. The precipitation technique results in the formation of spheres, with W located at the center and is unavailable for catalysis. The catalytic activity increased when all active metals are available for the feedstock, and a more mixed phase containing Ni, Mo and W is formed. This mixed phase is realized when the synthesis of the Ni–Mo–W precursors is carried out in solution followed by spray drying. The resulting catalyst has 1.2–4 times higher activity than catalysts prepared by other methods.


This study was conducted to optimize a solar chimney power plant from the aspects of performance improvement and cost saving. Numerical simulation was performed for a Spanish prototype to investigate the parametric sensitivity of several key variables and identify a reasonable range for the variables as the constraints of the optimization. A multi‐objective optimization on the prototype was conducted using orthogonal design of experiments, response surface methodology, and the non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm. The optimum chimney diameter tends to reach the upper bound of 30 m, while the optimum collector radius is almost uniformly distributed over the allowable range. The optimum range of the turbine pressure drop ratio is between 0.82 and 0.88 for the cases with a 200‐m high chimney. The optimized capital cost per unit power production ranges from 0.018 to 0.026 M€/kW, which is much less than 0.054 M€/kW of the Spanish prototype. Considering the output power and construction cost comprehensively, the Pareto solution set obtained from the optimization may provide a guide to the system design and operation.


Abstract : Summary of research results on formulation of theories of elastic shells, plates and beams. Results for unconventional beam buckling problems. Results for stress concentrations in shells due to holes or rigid inserts. Deflection bounds for unconventional beam problems. (Author)


We present the first implementation of a volume ray casting algorithm for tetrahedral meshes running on off-the-shelf programmable graphics hardware. Our implementation avoids the memory transfer bottleneck of the graphics bus since the complete mesh data is stored in the local memory of the graphics adapter and all computations, in particular ray traversal and ray integration, are performed by the graphics processing unit. Analogously to other ray casting algorithms, our algorithm does not require an expensive cell sorting. Provided that the graphics adapter offers enough texture memory, our implementation performs comparable to the fastest published volume rendering algorithms for unstructured meshes. Our approach works with cyclic and/or non-convex meshes and supports early ray termination. Accurate ray integration is guaranteed by applying pre-integrated volume rendering. In order to achieve almost interactive modifications of transfer functions, we propose a new method for computing three-dimensional pre-integration tables.


Interleukin-2(IL-2),an i mportant cytokinewith the other name as T cell growth factor,func-tions to promote the mitosis of hymphocytes,cani mprove the power of killer cells and help the pro-duction of antibody on the condition that it is com-bined with the specific hyperaviditic IL-2Rintargetcells.The t wo kinds of IL-2R,membrane boundIL-2R(mIL-2R)and soluble IL-2R(sIL-2R),com-pete with each other to combine with IL-2and thenbecome i mmunosuppressant[1].The i mportance oferythrocytes and T cells in the defe...


ABSTRACT Government and regulator campaigns typically focus on educating gamblers to minimise harms from gambling, but we know little of the full range of strategies gamblers use to stick to limits. This mixed-methods study sought to understand the strategies utilised, recommended or avoided by gamblers. This study recruited 104 participants from 11 EGM venues in Australia, encompassing both no problem/low risk (65%) and moderate risk/problem gamblers (35%). Participants were administered the 30-item Gambling In-venue Strategies Checklist (GISC) and used an average of 14 different strategies over a 30-day period. Two strategies were frequently used by 90% of gamblers: use only the money brought into the venue and only play low denomination machines. Compared to PGs, low risk/no PGs more frequently avoided chasing losses, set cues to keep track of time, used only the money brought into the venue, planned in advance their spending, and also viewed gambling as entertainment. Qualitative analysis revealed the top strategies for limiting gambling were bring in the exact amount of cash and not taking cards and setting a money limit. The measure developed for this study appears to capture a broad range of strategies used by gamblers when engaging with EGM gambling.


Preface to a selection of the presentations given on the 4th International Meeting on Plant Litter Processing in Freshwaters (PLPF4). The presentations concerned various aspects of the decomposition of plant matter in aquatic environments. The 4th International Meeting on PLant Litter Processing in Freshwaters was held in Toulouse (France) from the 25 to the 28 of July 2005.


Hyperthermia therapy is one of the therapy method used for cancer treatment. It has shown to be an effective way of treating the cancerous tissue when compared to surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. However, hyperthermia needs a real time monitoring method in ensuring a consistent heat delivery and preventing any damages to the nearby tissue. Ultrasound is one of the modalities that have great potential for local hyperthermia monitoring, as it is nonionizing, convenient, and has relatively simple signal processing requirement compared to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT). B-Mode ultrasound provides sufficient temperature sensitivity and yields good spatial resolution for thermal monitoring meanwhile A Mode ultrasound involves only one-dimensional (1D) signal processing which enables a quantitative measurement on different types of breast tissues to be conducted faster. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate and to compare the most optimum ultrasound temperature dependent's parameters in normal and pathological breast tissue between A-Mode and B-Mode ultrasound which involve the measurement of the attenuation and backscatter coefficients for A-Mode and determination of pixels value and standard deviation for B-Mode. For this purpose, a series of experiment was conducted on 40 female Sprague Dawley rats in which 30 pathological rats were used as infected study while 10 of healthy rats were group as control purposes. The pathological and normal rats were dissected and exposed to hyperthermia at 40°C, 45°C, 50°C and 55°C. Meanwhile, at 37°C was used as normal body temperature before hyperthermia. A-Mode and B-Mode of 7.5Mhz and 6Mhz was used simultaneously before, during and after the hyperthermia exposure. Result obtained shows that, for A-Mode, in both normal and infected tissue, the temperature value of 45°C was chosen to be an optimum temperature dependent for attenuation calculation and temperature value of 40°C was selected for backscatter energy. In B-Mode analysis, based on pixel values calculation of segmented area, result shows in normal tissues where the temperature value of 40°C was chosen, the standard deviation of 11.779 was obtained. Meanwhile for infected tissue condition, at 50°C the standard deviation value shown to be 7.95 as compared to the others temperature. Therefore, it is shown that, a combination of both A-Mode and B-Mode ultrasound can be used as another potential approach since its attenuation and backscatter coefficient of A-Mode, the pixels value and standard deviation of B-Mode is very sensitive to the tissue structure in monitoring hyperthermia therapy with respect to the changes of temperature.


While exchanging cost information in supply chain (SC) context has been received as a crucial process supporting SC partnership and collaboration, a firm may avoid exchanging cost information with other SC parties or outside its boundaries fearing from an opportunistic use of this information from the other parties seeking their self-interest. The research had analyzed the effect of three factors affecting firm's willingness to exchange cost information with other SC parties; trust power, and the type of cost accounting system applied in the firm. And the effect of cost information exchange upon the efficiency and productivity of the firm's cost system and the whole SC. The research results based upon a survey study conducted in three sectors of pharmaceutical industry (governmental, private, and multi-national) along with applied study in two leading multi-national firms, The sample size of the survey was 140 with a response rate of 79.29%.The results of the research showed that there is a partial rather than full exchange of cost information in the society surveyed and that it would be difficult to exchange cost information even with threatening sanctions against opportunistic behavior without the existence of mutual trust. KeywordsExchanging cost information; trust; power; cost accounting system productivity and efficiency; SC productivity; efficiency.


A modulation scheme is presented that combines Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). One or several QAM symbols are inserted between DPSK symbols, and the phase offset of QAM symbols is determined by the preceding DPSK symbol. Such signal can be treated as a transmission of overlapping signal blocks suitable for noncoherent reception. Along with Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) algorithm, simplified reception method is presented that is based on the use of demodulated DPSK symbols as pilot signals for demodulation of QAM symbols. Also, the technique is proposed for approximate theoretical calculation of the bit error probability for this scheme in the case of uncoded transmission. The simulation results show that, at the same spectral efficiency, proposed scheme provides significant power gain compared to DPSK (about 2.4 dB for spectral efficiency of 4 bits per symbol and about 6 dB for spectral efficiency of 6 bits per symbol). Theoretical approximation demonstrates reasonable agreement with computer simulation results.


Introduction: In standard DCE-MRI, T1-weighted images are acquired rapidly during gadolinium contrast injection, and the concentration [Gd] in tissue is estimated based on the measured T1s, from which the tumor perfusion parameters can be computed. Since the time-intensity curve first needs to be normalized to the pre-contrast signal, noisy baselines can lead to measurement biases. Recently, methods to compute perfusion without the need to first compute T1 or gadolinium concentration have been reported (1-3). The technique is based on the observation that the signal difference, after pre-contrast value is subtracted, is approximately proportional to [Gd]. Since normalization (division) by the baseline signal is unnecessary, the latter method for computing perfusion may be more robust in the presence of increased noise levels. The goal of this work is to systematically investigate the performance of the signal difference technique and compare it to the conventional method for computing perfusion under various image SNRs.


This paper demonstrates the need of and objectives for new error criteria for mobile broadcasting and the problems related to defining numerical error criteria for video services. The current error criterion used in digital video broadcasting to handheld (DVB-H), namely, multiprotocol encapsulation forward error correction (MPE-FEC) frame error ratio (MFER) 5%, was defined to enable instantaneous measurements but is not accurate enough for detailed simulations or postprocessing of measured data. To enable accurate transmission system design, parameter optimization, and performance evaluation, it is necessary to define new practical criteria for measuring the impact of transmission errors. The ambiguity of the MFER criterion is studied, and results for other conventional error criteria are derived from transmission system simulations and objective video quality measurements. The outcomes are compared to results from studies on subjective audiovisual quality. Guidelines are given on the next steps of developing new objective criteria for wireless and mobile video. It is suggested that subjective tests are performed based on the average length and average amount of errors derived from verified mobile radio channel models.


In this paper, we review some recent work relating families of trees to symbolic algorithms for the exact computation of series which approximate solutions of ordinary differential equations. It turns out that the vector space whose basis is the set of finite, rooted trees carries a natural multiplication related to the composition of differential operators, making the space of trees an algebra. This algebraic structure can be exploited to yield a variety of algorithms for manipulating vector fields and the series and algebras they generate. Acknowledgments Robert Grossman was supported in part by NASA Grant NAG 2-513 and by NSF Grant DMS-8904740. Status Computer Algebra and Differential Equations, M. F. Singer, editor, Academic Press, New York, 1991, in press.


This study aimed to analyze the extent to which performance of the PT. BPR Sinar Artha Wuluhan when measure d using the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard. The research was conducted on the company's performance in 2013-2014. The data used are primary data obtained from interviews with the resource persons and distributing questionnaires to the respondents as many as 130 respondents, ie 95 respondents and 35 respondents. This study also used secondary data obtained from various sources such as the internet, books, journals, theses, and others associated with this research. Data processing method using test data quality, the data validity test and reliability test data to test the questionnaire with the help of analysis tools SPSS version 20. The data processing also uses four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard, the financial perspective using ROA, ROE and NPM. Customers use the perspective of customer acquisition, customer retention and customer satisfaction. Internal business perspective using indicators of innovation and operations. Learning and Growth perspective using a level employee productivity, employee retention and employee satisfaction. The results showed overall scores obtained by the performance of the company amounted to 46,9 % who expressed the company's performance is not good. However, there is increasing from year to year has increased its performance is quite good.


Hardware platform of a quasi-line fault diagnostic system used to diagnose a rotating machinery was introduced.The hardware platform was based on embedded MPU OMAP5912 with two processors(ARM and DSP).And based on MPU OMAP5912,some modules were expanded,such as data acquisition,data storage,LCD display,keyboard,network connection,power management.The function that two instruments are combined to diagnose fault is implemented.


The downward trends in Agricultural and Applied Economics Association (AAEA) membership and faculty numbers nationwide have many departments wondering about the future of agricultural economics. The author examines trends in undergraduate and graduate enrollment, as well as trends in extension and experiment-station funding, to suggest what the prospects are for future survival and growth. Although there exist challenges like shrinking faculty numbers, agricultural economics programs still have a strong undergraduate element and address important research issues. Consequently, agricultural economics should remain viable for many years to come.


The invention discloses a voice recognition system based on classification rules. The voice recognition system is characterized in that the voice recognition system comprises a voice database which is used for recording user voice data; a voice converting unit which is used for converting the user voice data into a text which is stored to a text database, the text database keeping correlation relation between the text and the voice data as well as corresponding structural data; a service model database which is used for keeping the correlation relation between a service object and data of a service solution scheme corresponding to the service object; a matching model which is used for matching the user voice with the data of the service solution scheme according to a keyword generated by the service object and the preset initial correlation relation in the service model database; and a verification module which is used for randomly extracting a plurality of user voice data from the voice database, judging the accuracy of the preset initial correlation relation in the matching model, and adjusting the correlation relation in the matching model according to the judgment result.


Analyzing the reason why library users complain,this article puts forward several meth- ods to handle them,as well as a suggestion to establish a regular mechanism for disposal of library users' complains.


Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is an alternative approach for tumor removal in breast tumor patients. This procedure requires confirmation of the tumor margin. In this study, a high-resolution cone-beam X-ray computed tomography (CBCT) was designed and evaluated for the application of breast tumor margin delineation. The imaging system was validated with a CBCT image quality phantom for spatial resolution and contrast. In addition, a breast phantom containing multiple pathological features was investigated. Finally, a breast tumor specimen was examined on the high-resolution CBCT. The results showed that the imaging system could provide a decent spatial resolution and great contrast. The pathological features of the breast phantom were clearly visible. The margin of the excised breast specimen was well defined by the system. Overall, the high-resolution CBCT provides a promising result for the clinical application.


We demonstrate periodic refractive index gratings in optical waveguides formed by microfluidic plugs that are infused into the airholes of a microstructured optical fibers. The periodic microfluidic plugs, created in the cladding, cause resonant coupling between copropagating optical fiber modes, which results in wavelength-dependent attenuation. We also demonstrate the ability to tune the resonant wavelength by compressing the microfluidic structure. These microfluidic resonant structures provide an alternative method for creating and tuning long-period gratings in optical fibers. This also represents an example of a resonant microfluidic structure and establishes potential strategies for enhanced tunable photonic crystal devices.


Plasma arc was used as a heat source to make a surface quenching on alloy cast iron, and orthogonal test was used to optimize the surface hardening technological parameter of plasma arc. The influence of the technological parameters on hardness and depth of the hardening layer was analyzed, and the microhardness and the microscopic structure condition after being disposed were also analyzed and discussed.


The efficiency of the mining algorithms plays an important role in tackling with large datasets. Classical algorithms need to scan database many times likes Apriori, for it is difficult to mine important rules in telecommunication networks. This paper proposes a matrix mapping based association rules mining method MM-ARM. Compared with Apriori algorithm, MM-ARM needs to visit database only once. By scanning the database and applying a matrix mapping technique at the same time, the algorithm converts the alarm database into matrix, and save them in FP-tree structure in order to avoid scanning database repeatedly. The performance testing of the algorithm indicates that MM-ARM has higher temporal efficiency, which is suitable for mining association rules in telecommunication networks.


To evaluate the correlation of inflammatory cytokines with the treatment response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients.


OBJECTIVE To study the application of microemulsions in pharmaceuticals with cyclosporine A as a model drug. METHOD Pseudo-ternary phase diagram was used to select the formula of microemulsion and to prepare the cyclosporine A microemulsion. Drop shape and particle size were investigated by freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering, the concentration and stability of cyclosporine A in microemulsion were determined by HPLC .RESULTS The preparation of cyclosporine A microemulsion is easy and its stablity has been good during three months.CONCLUSION Microemulsions can offer an intersting and potentially powerful way for drug delivery.


OBJECTIVE: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive and radiation-free monitoring technique. The evaluation of EIT results can guide the effectiveness of different therapies, enabling better decisions, standardized behavior, and optimization in the use of resources. The objective is to characterize the use of electrical impedance tomography in the neonatal and pediatric population. METHODS: This is a systematic review, in which articles without language restrictions that addressed the applicability of electrical impedance tomography in the neonatal and pediatric population were analyzed. This review followed the PRISMA recommendations (Key Items for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis). RESULTS: A total of 309 studies were found, of which 302 were excluded according to the eligibility criteria, and 7 were included. All studies investigated the applicability of EIT as an assessment tool for pediatric or neonatal patients. EIT was shown to be effective in evaluating ventilation before extubation, comparing transverse alterations and total lung volume, evaluating the effects of body and head positions on the spatial distribution of ventilation, for potential diagnostic use in pediatric patients with asthma, feasible as a complementary tool in the assessment of community-acquired pneumonia in children, monitoring ventilation and perfusion in newborns and critically ill children, and evaluating recent advances in EIT related to cardiopulmonary imaging. CONCLUSION: EIT has been shown to be an effective monitoring technique for pediatric and neonatal patients. Future studies are needed to improve clinical practice.


Some novel reactive dyes containing 2-{{2-(4-Aminobenzenenesulfonyl)-ethyl}-methylamino}ethane sulfonic acid and monochlorotriazine reactive groups were used for dyeing silk, these dyes had very good dyeing properties, especially good levelness, excellent color fastnesses, good reproductivity, and employed a simple dyeing process. Silk fabrics were dyed in dyeing bath containing 1% dyes with bath ratio of 1:40 at 50℃, heated to 95℃ by 1℃/min, and kept for 40min at 95℃, then boiled in a solution containing a surfactant 3g/l, rinsed with water and air dried. The dye uptake was 95.6~98.6%, fixation was 88.5~97.4%. When the concentration of dyes was increased to 5%, the integ value was 11-68.1%. With the increase of electrolyte, the integ, value increased, and the suitable dosage of electrolyte was 40-60g/l. The dyeing effects were the best at pH 6.5-7, and not sensitive to dyeing temperature, time and bath ratio. The color fastnesses of these dyes were 4-5, and three of these dyes had high lightfastness of 6-7.


Abstract : Two experimental vocoder systems are described which exploit the frame-fill concept described by McLarnon to achieve data rates in the range of 800 to 1200 bps. One is based on a well-known 2400 bps channel vocoder design, the second is based on a form of the Lincoln 2400 bps linear predictive coder (LPC-10) algorithm. Both systems were found to perform well at the 1200 bps rate representing a 2:1 savings in transmission bandwidth at very little additional algorithm complexity. At 800 bps both systems were judged usable but not wholly satisfactory. Performance of the channel vocoder was considered marginally better than LPC at 800 bps. (Author)


Questions in physics classrooms can be classified into four types: inspirational questions,enlightening questions,directing questions and exploiting questions.We should choose the proper type of question according to a different teaching purpose.At the same time,one should grasp the overall concept of the questions,such as range,depth,angle,and gradient.In physics teaching,if one can choose proper type of question and grasp the overall concept,one can enlighten the thoughts of students and achieve excellent teaching effects.


Epidermoid cysts of the spleen must be considered in the differential diagnosis of splenomegaly in children. The diagnosis of these large fluid-filled masses is suggested in the asymptomatic child, and in the absence of a history suggesting a parasitic cause and with appropriate radiographic studies, a preoperative diagnosis can be made with considerable accuracy. The characteristic radiographic findings are those of a mass in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen which displaces gut and left kidney. Although selective arteriography may help to confirm the correct preoperative diagnosis, arteriography is not often necessary. This report describes four cases of epidermoid cysts of the spleen.


The 'baby boomer' generation has always commanded attention due to its magnitude and outsize influence. As this cohort ages, substance use among old adults is emerging as a public health concern. It is acknowledged that older adults will utilize the health care system in larger numbers due to population aging and increased longevity. How this aging process does and will intersect with the prevalence of substance use problems and substance use disorders is not fully understood but is the subject of increasing research. In addition, attitudes toward gender stereotypes and changing laws regarding cannabis use are adding to the challenges of treating older adults who use substances. In this article, we discuss these issues with Dr. Paul Sacco, Associate Dean for Research at the University of Maryland School of Social Work. Dr. Sacco practiced for 10 years as a psychiatric social worker before returning to complete his PhD at Washington University in St. Louis. His research centers primarily on behavioral health and addictions with a focus on life course development.


ABSTRACT The passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996, H.R. 3734, ended eligibility for all immigrants to federal means tested entitlements including federal cash assistance, food stamps, and Medicaid. Underprivileged elderly immigrants were specifically targeted. This article examines how older immigrants are constructed as "undeserving" of federal means-tested entitlements such as Supplemental Security Income (SSI). In particular, it focuses on the frames used in various congressional policy hearings leading up to the passage of the welfare reform law and examines how older immigrants become unworthy of receiving SSI. The sample consisted of the 1994–1996 U.S. Congressional hearing transcripts on SSI and immigrants. Through a content analysis of these transcripts, themes and frames were identified. The findings demonstrate that immigrants were constructed as fraudulent and immigrating to the U.S. to receive public assistance. Their families were portrayed as irresponsible and negligent and these elders were portrayed as "noncontributing" members of society whose number were increasing and becoming a burden to U.S. tax payers. These constructions of "undeservingness" evolved to make both young and old immigrants ineligible from federal safety nets such as SSI. This study has implications for how immigrants are construed in policy circles in times of cutbacks. The finding of this study demonstrates that the notions of deservingness are constructed through dialogue and discussion that happens in policy hearings.


Abstract : Saudi Arabia, a monarchy ruled by the Saudi dynasty, enjoys special importance in the international community because of its unique association with the Islamic religion and its oil wealth. Since the establishment of the modern Saudi kingdom in 1932, it has benefited from a stable political system based on a smooth process of succession to the throne and an increasingly prosperous economy dominated by the oil sector. The upsurge in oil prices that began in 1999 has relieved pressure on Saudi budgets but has created concern in the U.S. Administration and Congress. In March 2000, Members of Congress introduced legislation to reduce or end U.S. assistance or arms sales to countries engaged in oil price fixing. The United States and Saudi Arabia have long-standing economic and defense ties. Between World War II and 1975, the United States provided a total of $328.4 million in economic and military aid to Saudi Arabia, reducing and ultimately terminating these programs as Saudi oil-derived income burgeoned in the 1960s and 1970s. A series of informal agreements and military deployments have demonstrated a strong U.S. security commitment to Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia was a key member of the allied coalition that expelled Iraqi forces from Kuwait in 1991, and approximately 5,000 U.S. troops remain in the country. Saudi Arabia continues to host U.S. aircraft enforcing the no-fly zone over southern Iraq; however, Saudi Arabia has not offered the use of its territory for major air strikes against Iraq. Bombing attacks against a U.S. operated training facility and a U.S. military apartment in 1995 and 1996 have raised concerns about the security of U.S. personnel there. Principal issues of bilateral interest include the Saudi position on the Arab-Israeli conflict, security in the post-war Gulf region, arms transfers to Saudi Arabia, Saudi external aid programs, bilateral trade relationships, and Saudi policies involving human rights and democracy.


The object of this paper is the analysis of the personal dimension of the legal system. This dimension constitutes the subjects which the norms belonging to a legal system concern. Speaking about binding law or law in force we have in mind the legal norms creating duties, rights or responsabilities of the beings defined as legal subjects. Legal subject is the notion intrinsic to the very idea of law and legal order. In the legal codes and legal doctrine two types of legal subjecthood has been developed, namely the passive and the active legal subjecthood. The subjects endowed with active legal subjecthood are legal agents. No legal system can operate in practice without legal agents. The personal dimension of the legal system is defined by rules or principles contained in the legal system. these are the primary and secondary rules of legal systems. Primary rules indicate legal subjects by using such terms as everybody, man, Citizen, debtor, creditor, plaintiff, defendant. The secondary rules define the territorial scope of municipal law and jurisdiction. Only the people living on the territory of the state are subject (with some exceptions) to law and jurisdiction of this state. So these rules limit the scope of the personal dimension of the legal system. The territorial dimension of the legal system forms its personal dimension of the second order. The human person as the legal subject is the key constituent of every legal system. In legal documents and legal doctrine it is called physical person or person before law. The position of this constituent might be different in various legal systems depending upon the types and the structure of the legal order. With regard to the personal dimension I have distinguished several structural models and types of legal systems. I focus my analysis on the personal dimension of contemporary legal systems linked with the souvereign states under the authority of law and on the personal dimension of public internatio


Gastro-intestinal Infection The polymyxins can be given orally for their effect on the bowel flora without fear of toxic effects, since their absorption from the intestinal tract is very slight. Good results have been recorded in the treatment of dysentery due to Shigella flexneri or sonnei, but they are of doubtful value in Salmonella infections. In combination with neomycin or bacitracin they are useful as an intestinal antiseptic before abdominal surgery.


The Authors propose a new approach to the diagnosis and treatment of superficial bladder cancer. They focus on T1–G2 multifocal tumours and T1–G3, also if monofocal, that have a high incidence of lymph node involvement. In these cases, they perform pelvic laparoscopic lymph node dissection, thus obtaining an accurate diagnosis with a minimally invasive technique.


For improve the efficiency of large inclination diphead excavation, according to the actual construction of field, rock and explosives properties, parameters of smoothing blasting technology for medium deep hole blasting in large inclination rock diphead tunnel is researched, especially improved the blasting parameters of bottom hole and construction technology, present technologies of double bottom hole and casing for disblocking. Experimental study has obtained the good blasting effect, utilization ratio of blasting hole achieved 89.0% on average.


Red palm olein (RPOL) is a premium palm-based product which is underutilized in the
local market due to the lack of consumers' awareness of its nutritional benefits. It was
blended with palm oil (PO) and palm stearin (PS) at different ratios 0:50:50, 5:45:50, and
10:40:50 of RPO:PO:PS. These fat blends were developed to produce shortenings with
improved antioxidant compounds meant for sandwich cookies cream (SCC). The RPOL
exhibited greater liquid-like properties which contributed to softer shortenings yet with
significant solid fat content at 25°C (33.58-34.71%) and 37°C (10.25-10.84%), besides
similar in melting point (47.80-47.93°C) with the shortening without RPOL (47.93±0.12°
C). As the RPOL increased from 0%, 5%, and 10% (w/w), a significant (p<0.05) increase
took place in the shortenings' carotene (18.47±0.42 ppm, 50.32±7.94 ppm, 84.75±1.22
ppm, respectively) and tocopherol (142.67±2.08 ppm, 140.33±1.53 ppm, 150.33±3.06
ppm, respectively) content. Shortening with 5% (w/w) RPOL exhibited a greater ß'
polymorphic form than that of 10% (w/w) RPOL which contributed to its better creaming
performance for a sandwich cookie cream.


Governments increasingly include environmental criteria in their purchasing decisions. For example, purchasing guidelines often require that particular products contain a minimum amount of recycled content or achieve specified levels of energy efficiency. Guidelines may also favour – through price preferences, explicit set-asides, or other mechanisms – suppliers who exceed official pollution standards, abide by environmental frameworks...


In this letter, an environmental features (EFs) extraction model is proposed for estimating reference signal received power (RSRP) accurately. Firstly, 18-D measured data is transformed into 15-D physical features (PFs). Then 15-D PFs is reduced to 14-D by performing correlation analysis. Secondly, EFs are extracted from the environmental maps (EMs) by applying Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs). Finally, several Machine Learning Regressors (MLRs) are trained to predict RSRP combining PFs and EFs as inputs. The results, in test dataset, show that prediction performance of MLRs is improved through 14-D PFs, and is further improved in nonlinear MLRs combining PFs and EFs.


Contents: Drug interactions Drug interactions with alcohol Drugs and driving The effect of food on drug absorption Drug prescribing in renal failure Drug prescribing in liver disease Drug prescribing for the elderly Drugs in pregnancy Drugs and lactation.


Archbishop Donald Wuerl (then Bishop of Pittsburgh) and his respondent, Peter Steinfels, begin the volume. Wuerl attends to the divine institution of the Church's governance structure. His ecclesiological starting points are baptism and holy orders. Revelation is entrusted to the hierarchy for safeguarding, but the gospel's enactment in every time and place is the responsibility of all the faithful by virtue of their baptism. Wuerl cautioned that "a re-evaluation of the nature and value of the Catholic priesthood" often hostile to Gospel values was taking place in the media.


With the development of computer science and database system, millions of data will be generated every day. How to mining useful information and knowledge from large database is becoming a more and more popular research topic. In this paper, we introduced the origin of data mining, discussed some different data mining techniques in different fields, and made a conclusion of the application of data mining.


Abstract Specific heat and ac susceptibility measurements were performed for R2Ru2O7 (R=Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Lu). For Y2Ru2O7 and Lu2Ru2O7, a λ-type specific heat anomaly has been observed at 77 and 78 K, respectively, which is consistent with the magnetic transition found in their magnetic susceptibility vs temperature curves. In the real part of the ac susceptibilities, small cusps are observed at 78 K for Y2Ru2O7 and at 80 K for Lu2Ru2O7. Both the real part and the imaginary part of the ac susceptibilities are independent of frequency, indicating that these compounds are not in the ordinary spin-glass. Similar large jumps of specific heat are observed at 162, 143, 124, and 118 K for R2Ru2O7 (R=Pr, Nd, Sm, and Eu). For Sm2Ru2O7 and Eu2Ru2O7, no specific heat anomaly has been found at lower temperatures, although magnetic anomaly was observed at ca. 20 K in their dc susceptibility vs temperature curves. ac susceptibility measurements show that both the real and the imaginary susceptibilities show anomaly at ca. 20 K and this temperature decreases with decreasing frequency. These results strongly indicate that the transition observed at ca. 20 K is the spin-glass one. The experimental results on Nd2Ru2O7 show that magnetic properties of this compound are complicated.


A career does not follow a straight path. Determination, decision-making, and focus are essential ingredients, as well as a fair amount of flexibility, especially when one is struggling with contradictory signals. Career planning and the necessary decision-making must be learned however, and this may be particularly difficult when negative outcomes are likely and encouragement is rare. Under such circumstances, finding a job that makes one happy could be considered a noteworthy measure of success. However, even after attaining such a position, many tend to compare their own performance and career development with those of the celebrities in the field. This can only result in frustration and insecurity. Furthermore, success in marine science is generally characterized by metrics, together with the manner in which one's career has advanced through a series of positions occupied in the zig-zag from student life to retirement. For me, a more personal kind of success has been to overcome the fear of failure that arises through constant comparison of my own performance and achievements with those who are perceived as the best in the field. This might be viewed more as social anxiety than fear as I will explain in this article.


Rather than enjoying a fine PDF past a cup of coffee in the afternoon, on the other hand they juggled similar to some harmful virus inside their computer. energy detection for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio pdf is user-friendly in our digital library an online access to it is set as public correspondingly you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in multipart countries, allowing you to get the most less latency times to download any of our books in imitation of this one. Merely said, the energy detection for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio pdf is universally compatible when any devices to read.


A semiconductor device and an LCD comprising the same are provided to improve the electric connection between chip pads of the semiconductor device and auxiliary pads of an LCD panel, by improving the structure of bumps. A driving circuit is formed on a semiconductor substrate(37), and drives an LCD. The driving circuit includes one or more chip pads(31) formed on a portion exposed through a contact hole of a passivation layer(32). A plurality of sub-bumps(35a,35b) are formed correspondingly to respective chip pads. Gate lines and data lines are electrically connected to the sub-bumps. The sub-bumps are formed of at least one of Au, Cu, and Ni.


On the basis of grid GIS platform, in the distribution network repair platform implementation is based on the integration of power grid topology model of distribution network fault analysis mechanism, a combination of customer information, grid electricity equipment operation information such as all kinds of information, the cause of the problem of fault repair service to provide intelligence, integration judge method, improve the accuracy of the fault forecasting speed, the fault information, improve the efficiency of fault repair, shorten fault repair time, reduce the loss of electricity, improve customer satisfaction.


This article describes a model of professional development based on the idea of the science teacher as researcher. The programme involves a partnership between the London Borough of Harrow and King's College London. How and why the programme was set up are discussed as are key issues that have arisen since its inception in 1997.


Learning science is very closely related to the environment of students, but the benefits are still not felt by students.  The purpose of this study was to know teacher perceptions in fostering science process skills of elementary school students through learning media. Needs analysis in terms of the teacher's point of view to see the extent to which science process skills have been pursued, then expected can assist teachers in knowing the needs that are by the characteristics of the student learning environment in fostering science process skills. The method in this research is qualitative research with data collection techniques carried out through interviews and questionnaire. The subjects of the study were 9 elementary school teachers who taught science and used learning media. The results showed that teachers now have a good understanding of science process skills. However, teachers have difficulty in designing the learning process and implementation because there is no available learning media that can be used to support SPS learning. Therefore, the need for a digital web learning media according to the characteristics of elementary school that can be used to encourage SPS.


The present invention is fixed by an adhesive, and a support body provided with a bracket and a bonding track secured to the skin of the patient, about the joint for two-piece ostomy bag comprising a bag having an adhesive track with the adhesive . Adhesive bonding tracks of the bag forms an adhesive elastomer mass, a layer of structural adhesive having a thickness of at least 0.6 mm. The adhesive layers of structural adhesives, styrene - containing triblock copolymers such as styrene copolymers - isoprene. Track bag underwent adhesion increasing treatment, such as roughness increases processing, having a surface with an adhesive. Joint may include a pre-positioning component of the track of the bag with respect to the track of the support. It applies colon ostomy, ileostomy, a urostomy granulation 設術 bag.


Capacitive differential pressure sensor (CPS) is extremely used in industries. This sensor measures pressure and shows current. Accuracy of capacitive differential pressure sensor is limited because the ambient temperature has adverse effects on CPS output characteristic. In order to overcome this limitation, the output of this sensor is compensated by using RBF neural network and because of the importance of modeling of sensors and for having more correct read out, the model of this sensor is extracted by RBF neural network too. A test bench is designed and implemented to data acquisition in a real environment. The experimental results are being used to verify the performance of RBF neural network based on compensating and modeling of nonlinear system of CPS.


I TRODUCTIO The use of computational models when performing trauma biomechanics simulations has obvious experimental, ethical and economical benefits. As the automotive industry strives to improve pedestrian and occupant safety, accurate biofidelic computational models exist for high mass, low velocity impacts [1]. However, the effectiveness of these software packages to model nonpenetrating high velocity, low mass impacts – such as a rubber bullet or fragmented masonary – remains unclear.


A 54‐yr‐old female having chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) associated with severe liver injury is presented. Physical examination on admission showed severe jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, massive ascites, and pretibial edema. Complete blood count showed a hemoglobin level of 9.1 g/dL, platelet count of 25.8 × 104/μL, and white blood cell count of 36.6 × 103/μL with 89.7% neutrophils. Blood chemistry showed hyperbilirubinemia (21.9 mg/dL) with normal transaminase levels. There was no abnormality in serum cholesterol, triglyceride, or glucose levels. Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly elevated. Bone marrow aspiration showed myeloid hyperplasia with normal karyotype. Rearrangement of the bcr/abl was not detected by either polymerase chain reaction or fluorescence in situ hybridization. Human androgen receptor gene assay (HUMARA) of the bone marrow cells showed clonal proliferation of neutrophils. The patient was diagnosed as having CNL. To evaluate the pathogenesis of the liver injury, a needle biopsy was performed, which showed steatohepatitis with infiltration of neutrophils. As the patient had no history of alcohol abuse, a diagnosis of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was made. Assuming that the infiltration of abnormal neutrophils into the liver contributed to the development of NASH, she was treated with cytoreductive chemotherapy (cytosine arabinoside: 100 mg/d, 1–3 doses/wk). With decreases in white blood cell counts, serum bilirubin levels decreased gradually to 1.5 mg/mL. A postchemotherapy liver biopsy specimen showed marked improvement of the fatty degenerative change. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the development of NASH in a myeloproliferative disorder. We believe that the infiltration of leukemic cells contributed to the development of NASH in this patient.


The Origins of Evil in Hindu Mythology. By WENDY DONIGER O'FLAHERTY. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976. Pp. 411. No one has gone further in mastering the motifs of Indian mythology than Wendy Doniger O'Flaherty. Through her familiarity with texts from all periods of Sanskrit literature and her eagerness to investigate South Indian Tamil texts and sources from Indian tribal mythologies, she has gained access to an astoundingly vast array of myths. In her two books, Asceticism and Eroticism in the Mythology of Siva (London: Oxford University Press, 1973) and the book here under review, she has drawn upon this familiarity to assemble and discuss the relations between motifs which bear upon major selected themes in the Indian tradition: upon the interplay between sexuality and asceticism in the first, and upon evil in the second. O'Flaherty has a brilliant touch. She frequently shows that motifs from seemingly unrelated myths form motif clusters and makes it clear that the formations are not simply in the structuralist mythographer's mind by calling attention to numerous instances where the traditional Indian mythographers have themselves invoked the same connections (see, e.g., pp. 193, 288). One thus has insightful, totally innovative, richly documented, and artfully wrought depictions of such motif constellations as the following: greed, sexual desire, hunger, thirst, overpopulation, the sinking earth, wishing trees, menstruation, and eating taboos (pp. 28 ff.); or cows, bulls, horses, mares, blood, milk, semen, breasts, phalluses (pp. 337 ff., 355 ff.). The closer one gets to the sources, the more one sees that the method and the results of such analyses are sound and indeed, a point of departure for further studies. Similarly, there is an excellent handling of the many myths and motifs which relate to the origins of heresy, a topic which receives the most sustained and definitive treatment of any in the book. And there is a


Abstract : This report presents a characterization of the radiological environment during Operation Tomodachi at J-Village, a facility located 12.5 mi (20 km) south of the Tokyo Electric Power Company's (TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). The accident at FDNPS following the earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 in Japan resulted in releases of radioactive materials into the environment. TEPCO used J-Village as a staging area for emergency response and cleanup. Individuals affiliated with the U.S. Department of Defense visited J-Village during Operation Tomodachi. The data presented in this report include personal dosimetry and internal monitoring results for DOD-affiliated individuals who visited J-Village, as well as external exposure rate measurements and the results of air, soil, and vegetation sampling at or nearby the site. Guidelines for use of the data in future radiation dose assessments are also provided.


The main objective of this paper is to develop a control strategy for a 3-level interleaved buck converter (3-LIBC) for improving the reliability of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer operation in case of open-circuit power switch failures. The hydrogen flow rate of the PEM electrolyzer is managed through the output current of the 3-LIBC using a modified sliding mode control. Finally, the proposed control strategy of 3-LIBC and the reliability of PEM operation have been investigated by performing simulations. The obtained simulation results enable verifying the good performance of the PEM electrolyzer that, despite the operation of the 3-LIBC in the degraded operating mode (i.e., faulty mode), it can guarantee the H2 production.


The present invention relates to a base station device in a mobile communication system, comprising: an antenna system provided with a first antenna for transmitting/receiving signals with respect to a first path among MIMO paths and a second antenna for transmitting/receiving signals with respect to a second path; a first duplexer provided with a transmission filter for processing transmission signals in the first path and a reception filter for processing reception signals in the second path; a second duplexer provided with a reception filter for processing reception signals in the first path and a transmission filter for processing transmission signals in the second path; and a path change unit for providing the transmission signals provided from the first duplexer to the first antenna, providing the reception signals provided from the first antenna to the second duplexer, providing the transmission signals provided from the second duplexer to the second antenna, and providing the signals provided from the second antenna to the first duplexer.


In this paper, the geometric sense of acceptance rejection method of generating random variables and the rotation method of generating uniform distribution on a triangle are given.We give an example of generating exponential distribution by using both methods together.


This research is done in the context of the SliceNet project [4] that aims to extend 5G infrastructure with cognitive management of cross-domain, cross-layer network slices [1], with emphasis on Quality of Experience (QoE) for vertical industries. The provisioning of network slices with proper QoE guarantees is seen as one of the key enablers of future 5G-enabled networks. The challenge is to assess the QoE experienced by the vertical application and its users without requiring the applications or the users to measure and report QoE related metrics back to the provider. To address this challenge, we propose a method for deriving application-level QoE from network-level Quality of Service (QoS) measurements, easily accessible by the provider. In particular, we describe a PoC where QoE, perceived by application users, is estimated from low level network monitoring data, by applying cognitive methods. Our main goal is enabling the cloud provider to support the desired E2E QoE-based Service Level Agreements (SLAs), e.g. by monitoring QoS metrics within the provider's domain to optimize resource allocation through provider's actuators. Additional benefit can be achieved by applying the same technique to troubleshoot issues in the provider's infrastructure. In this work, we employed classical statistical methods to assess the relationship between the application-level QoE and the network-level QoS.


This study refers to construction in the village of Kalimas, Sungai Kakap sub-district, Kubu Raya district. The village of Kalimas covers a territory of 4565 acres with village detail (711 ha), estates (2185 ha), Talview (239), land agriculture (1370 ha) with such an area of territory, the masses of communities mostly harnessed themselves. In this study, writers use types of descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews, and documentaries based on research conducted, it was concluded that the village government of Kalimas has managed to build infrastructures such as the construction of road, bridge, the productions of fire facilities, the post and ambulance. It will remain permanently eroded the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, building infrastructure in the village of Kalimas is banned because rural funds are being diverted to help stranded communities.


The present invention relates to aza-bicyclo[2.2.1] heptene derivatives, a preparation method thereof, and a method for preparing Oseltamivir intermediates using the same. The aza-bicyclo[2.2.1] heptene derivatives of chemical formula 1 and prepared by the present invention: are valuable as raw materials for Oseltamivir; remarkably reduce processes for preparing the existing Oseltamivir; enable preparation of the Oseltamivir at low cost by using low-priced compounds widely used in industry instead of high-priced raw materials. Furthermore, the derivatives prevent generation of explosive materials during synthesis thereof, thereby enabling safe and economical preparation of the Oseltamivir.


This paper focuses on two important questions concerning inflation performance in a country sample of forty-two of the most developed countries in the world. The firrst is why inflation tends to be more volatile in some countries than in others, in particular in very small, open economies and emerging market economies compared to the large and more developed ones. The empirical analysis suggests that the volatility of the risk premium in multilateral exchange rates, the degree of exchange rate pass-through to inflation, and monetary policy predictability play a key role in explaining the cross-country variation in inflation volatility. Other variables, related to economic development and size, international trade, output volatility, exposure to external shocks, and central bank independence are not found significant. The second question is what explains the general decline in inflation volatility over the sample period. Using a panel approach, the empirical analysis confirms that the adoption of inflation targeting has played a critical role in this improvement in addition to the three variables found important in the cross-country analysis. Inflation targeting therefore continues to play an important role in reducing inflation volatility even after adding the three controls to the panel analysis. The main conclusions are found to be robust to changes in the country sample and to different estimation methods.


The stated objective of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) introduces needs for space-based electric power ranging up to hundreds of megawatts (MWe). The SDI Organization is calling for the development of new and innovative concepts to meet these needs.Options for multi-megawatt and multi-hundred megawatt space power generating systems are presented in this paper. These options are based upon the gas turbine, one of the most mature and time-proven technologies available. Size- and mass-reduction studies utilizing innovative designs and new materials are conducted for the gas turbine. Two significantly different power levels with two thermal sources, nuclear and chemical combustion, are addressed.Copyright © 1987 by ASME


Although it has been demonstrated that High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) can induce vascular cauterization, acoustic hemostasis technology has not been successful in making the transition from proof‐of‐concept to clinical settings. One reason for this lack of acceptance is the limited understanding of the fundamental mechanisms involved in ultrasound‐vessel and ultrasound‐blood interactions. The aim of this research was to investigate the hematological and biochemical mechanisms which are influenced by HIFU induced coagulation. HIFU was used to induce coagulation in an in vitro hematological flow system and in animal models. The flow circuit and in vivo arteries were instrumented with flow probes and thermocouples in the treatment region. Physiological parameters were recorded throughout the in vivo experiments. Blood samples were drawn for analysis prior to, during, and immediately following each HIFU treatment. Clotting time, complete blood count, and biochemical analysis were performed immediately and citrated samples were immediately centrifuged and frozen for future analysis. Results indicate that HIFU can change local and systemic levels of thombin/anti‐thrombin complex (TAT) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), as well as induce changes in activated clotting time (ACT). These results indicate that HIFU can induce coagulation via the coagulation cascades (TAT) and that normal hematological response to thrombus formation is unaffected.


The invention relates to the technical field of above-water platforms, in particular to a modular above-water platform. A plurality of platform modules are connected into a whole through connection units, abutting areas enable the platform modules to be aligned accurately, the platform modules are connected firmly and tightly through convex pins and combination holes simultaneously to guarantee that the platform modules are fixedly connected. According to the platform, the platform modules can be used alone to serve as a small above-water platform, and can also be assembled into a large above-water platform; and in addition, the modular above-water platform can be assembled into a maritime plane runway to be used for plane emergency landing and supply. According to the large above-water platform, if one or two platform modules break down, the platform modules can be rapid changed, so that the whole large above-water platform is not affected. Compared with the prior art, the modular above-water platform has the advantages of being high in flexibility, simple in structure, low in cost, rapid to assemble and change and the like.


The hydrodynamics of a free flapping foil is studied numerically. The foil undergoes a forced vertical oscillation and is free to move horizontally. The effect of chord-thickness ratio is investigated by varying this parameter while fixing other ones such as the Reynolds number, the density ratio, and the flapping amplitude. Three different flow regimes have been identified when we increase the chord-thickness ratio, i.e., left-right symmetry, back-and-forth chaotic motion, and unidirectional motion with staggered vortex street. It is observed that the chord-thickness ratio can affect the symmetry-breaking bifurcation, the arrangement of vortices in the wake, and the terminal velocity of the foil. The similarity in the symmetry-breaking bifurcation of the present problem to that of a flapping body under constraint is discussed. A comparison between the dynamic behaviors of an elliptic foil and a rectangular foil at various chord-thickness ratios is also presented.


The purpose of this study was intended to investigate the relationship among internal motivation of semi professional soccer player on sport confidence and exercise commitment. And hypothetical models, then after, i examined the cause-effect relationship between variables through means of structural equation model. To test this, 129 participants were sampled from the soccer player of Korea National League Team and Challengers League Team using stratified cluster random sampling, and then frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis of the resulting data were conducted using SPSS 18.0 program. Based on the research methods and data analysis as above, the conclusions have been derived as follows: First, internal motivation had significant influences on the specific sport confidence, and internal motivation had significant influences on the state sport confidence. Second, internal motivation had significant influences on the cognitive commitment, and internal motivation had significant influences on the behavior commitment. Third, sport confidence had significant influences on the cognitive commitment, and sport confidence had significant influences on the behavior commitment.


Maslow was the pioneer of the humanistic psychology.The need hierarchy theory is the most important part of his motivation theory.In this theory the hierarchy needs consist of 7 needs which are from the human basic need to the self-actualization need.His research on self-actualization is very famous.


The requirements on web browsers have tremendously changed in the last decade: With the rise of Web 2.0, in which one considers software as a service (SaaS), the task of web browsers does no longer consist of displaying static HTML content. Instead, web browsers have to support rich interactions between users and highly dynamic web content. In order to cope with the complexity of such dynamic web applications, users wish to personalize their browsers by installing so-called browser extensions — possibly untrusted third-party software. In this thesis, we analyze the browser extension concepts of the four most widely used web browsers: Microsoft's Internet Explorer, Mozilla's Firefox, Apple's Safari, and Google's Chrome. We show architectural weaknesses in each extension concept and implement an extension for Google's Chrome, which logs any characters entered on open web pages. Considering Chrome's extension concept as the most sophisticated among the analyzed browsers, we propose improvements for Chrome's extension concept to fix the identified weaknesses.


From the perspective of an economic analysis of the intertwined role of the educational opportunities market and the educational products market, I believe that the unified entrance exam system currently in effect in China has, in reality, assumed the role of maintaining a price ceiling for opportunities in higher education. If we abolish the entrance exam selection system and completely replace it with market mechanisms, given China's present circumstances—that is, an unsound legal system, unbalanced economic development, and rampant corruption—this will inevitably cause the cost of higher education to rise, which is not only disadvantageous toward the development of low-income families and disadvantaged groups but also toward the fairness and impartiality of society as a whole. We will only be able to perfect the process of reforming the higher education admissions system by perfecting the employment market and increasing what education has to offer.