In this paper we analyze the development of interactive TV in the U.S. and Western Europe. We argue that despite the nascent character of the market there are important regulatory issues at stake, as exemplified by the AOL/TW merger and the British Interactive Broadcasting case. Absent rules that provide for non-discriminatory access to network components (including terminal equipment specifications), dominant platform operators are likely to leverage ownership of delivery infrastructure into market power over interactive TV services. While integration between platform operator, service provider and terminal vendor may facilitate the introduction of services in the short-term, the lasting result will be a collection of fragmented "walled gardens" offering limited content and applications. Would interactive TV develop under such model, the exciting opportunities for broad-based innovation and extended access to multiple information, entertainment and educational services opened by the new generation of broadcasting technologies will be foregone


Abstract Disclosure: L. Beshay: None. A. Thakkar: None. Background: Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a disorder characterized by noninsulin-dependent diabetes diagnosed at a young age (<25 years) with autosomal dominant inheritance and lack of autoantibodies. It accounts for 2 to 5 percent of diabetes cases. Several different genetic abnormalities have been identified causing disruption in pancreatic beta cells development and function leading to impaired insulin secretion. Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1-alpha (HNF1A) is the most commonly identified mutation occurring in 52 to 65 of MODY cases. Case Description: A 21 year old female with a history of diabetes and recurrent skin abscesses presented to the emergency room with right lower quadrant epidermal abscess. Endocrinology was consulted for evaluation of her diabetes. She was diagnosed at age 14 when she presented with weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia, BG 406 without diabetic ketoacidosis. She reported a history of type 2 diabetes in mother. Her medications included metformin, lantus and humalog. It was noted that her diabetes was never controlled with an A1c persistently >10%. Patient reported skin swelling with insulin injections and working two jobs which limited her ability to take more than one injection per day. Her BMI is 23 kg/m2. Labs this admission showed HbA1c 13.7%, GAD 65 Ab and IA-2 Ab negative, c-peptide 1.1 ng/ml, with a glucose of 209 mg/dl. MODY was suspected due to her age, intact c-peptide, and lack of DM1 antibodies. The patient was discharged on Trulicity 0.75 mg weekly, Lantus 12U nightly, Glipizide 2.5mg daily. On follow up, a MODY genetic panel confirmed a HNF1A missense variant with AD inheritance. Since initiation of sulfonylurea, she has had improved control of diabetes. Glipizide dose is being titrated up with concomitant decrease in insulin dose with plan to discontinue basal insulin once her blood sugars are at goal. Conclusion: The HNF1A gene on chromosome 12 is a weak transactivator of the insulin gene in beta cells. Mutations of HNF1A can lead to abnormal insulin secretion and a low renal threshold for glucose. These patients are at risk for micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes. In terms of treatment, they exhibit increased insulin sensitivity and marked sensitivity to the hypoglycemic effects of sulfonylureas compared with patients with type 2 diabetes. Thus, patients can be successfully treated with sulfonylurea monotherapy, and in one clinical study, approximately 70 percent of patients previously treated with insulin successfully switched to sulfonylureas. Thus, it is important to evaluate etiology of diabetes, as detection of MODY variants in which sulfonylureas are used for treatment simplifies management and improves outcomes as demonstrated in this case. Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023


The problems associated with dredging and disposal in the New York and New Jersey Harbor area over the past 10 years have triggered sedimentation avoidance as being one of many possible tools in an ever-growing arsenal of dredged material management technologies. With overall project costs associated with the permitting, dredging, transportation, and disposal of dredged material reaching a typical value of $50 per cubic yard in the harbor, it is apparent to many that technologies which can reduce sedimentation within a berth are worthy to pursue. This paper discusses the results of a two year program which examined the effectiveness of a pneumatic control system to reduce or eliminate accretion of sediments within an active barge berth. Sold under the trade name Air GuardTM, this system was installed at a pier berth on the Kill Van Kull in Bayonne, New Jersey. Owned and operated by IMTT-Bayonne, the pier berth was dredged in early 1998, and the system was subsequently installed in 1999. The objective of the study was to evaluate environmental and hydrographic data between adjacent berths and to develop a cost-benefit ratio for users to apply when considering this technology for other sites. Over the course of the study period, hydrographic surveys, water quality studies, and fish surveys were performed to evaluate the effectiveness and potential environmental impacts of the system. Results indicate that Air GuardTM can be used to reduce dredging requirements in pier berth areas in an economically and environmentally sound manner. ___________________________ 1) Project Manager, Ocean and Coastal Consultants, Inc., 35 Corporate Drive, Trumbull, CT 06611 (203)268-5007; firstname.lastname@example.com 2) Dredging Program Manager, NJ Department of Transportation, Office of Maritime Resources, P.O. Box 837, Trenton, NJ 08625; firstname.lastname@example.com


A solution method for a self-consistent system of equations is improved by utilizing the inherent principle in the Cauchy probability distributions. Using this method, as an example, the imaginary parts of the Green functions are evaluated in an infinite one-dimensional system using a model of a polymer with an unbalanced orbital. In applications of this method, the matrix of the secular equation is not necessarily symmetric and the interaction length among orbitals is unrestricted.


US energy regulators have been provided with new enforcement powers and heightened sanctioning authority to police critical energy markets that Congress believes to be vulnerable to abuse and manipulation. The regulators are responding by vigorously investigating pricing irregularities and aggressively prosecuting alleged wrongdoing. This article by David Yeres, Partner at Clifford Chance, and Gareth Old, an Associate, provides an overview of the types of conduct which have been prosecuted, the agencies involved, the scope of their powers and the types of activity on which they focus.


The 5,000 word chapter will investigate the significance of the relationships between the painter Christopher Wool's black and white photographs of New York and his work as a painter of the urban.


A novel composite macroporous titanoaluminophosphate molecular sieve, NCL-9, is synthesized and characterised. XRD, TEM and surface area analysis show the presence of macroporous regions along with other porous regions. However, on heating the microporous region is converted to dense phases, which may be avoided by H 2 O 2 treatment. SEM analysis shows the sample present as flags with 30 x 15 μm particle size. TG/DTA shows 35.38% weight loss which is confirmed by C and N analysis. FT-IR spectra show bands similar to other known aluminophosphates. A band at 916 cm - 1 for Al-O-Ti bond is observed. UV-vis and XPS data show the presence of Ti in tetrahedral co-ordination. 2 7 Al and 3 1 P MAS NMR spectra show characteristic peaks for tetrahedral coordination, along with a small amount of octahedral aluminium.


A systematic renormalization group transformation along the chemical sequence of a polymer chain, systematic blobbing procedure (SBP), is introduced for the calculation of universal configurational properties. The method, which does not rely on the field theoretic analogy, gives to first order in e (e=4−d, d=space dimension) a firm basis to the decimation procedure suggested by de Gennes and put into practice by Gabay and Garel (GG). The renormalization transformation acts on a ''Hamiltonian'' of the system and produces Wilson‐type approximate recursion relations for the coupling parameters. The SBP is used to calculate the exponent ν for a polymer chain in the good solvent region to first order in e. The method can in principle be extended to higher orders in e. By means of the SBP it is shown that the static universal properties of a polymer chain are not modified by the presence of a Gaussian random potential. The validity of the GG method is further strengthened by showing the equivalence, in the determination of ν, of their method and a Fixman perturbation matching procedure. The exponent ν is consequently obtained to second order in e. All the results agree with the ''corresponding'' field theoretic calculations.


Linking the expenditure on road pavements to the outcome of this investment remains the holy grail of road asset management. As a result of the work completed by the New Zealand Road Maintenance Task Force (RMTF) a number of industry changes are currently being implemented including amalgamations of smaller local councils and a different procurement model of long-term road network maintenance. Another concern raised by the RMTF was the significant variation in road maintenance cost across the country. Not only do the procurement prices differ significantly but there is also a fragmented approach to maintenance practices resulting in different expectations as a consequence of similar treatment options. To overcome these shortcomings, a systematic approach for selection of the most appropriate system is now needed. This paper documents a methodology to benchmark procurement practices concerning highway maintenance using non parametric approaches.


The article presents an analysis of urban innovation resource center in the course of "Fine Art". The basic directions of activity and prospects are described. The experience of the art school in Ekaterinburg is summed up.


In this paper, three types of algorithms for LED-TFT -LCD displays' content-aware management are presented. Their aim is to minimize the power consumption of the displays, while simultaneously preserving the quality of the displayed content, utilizing global backlight dimming. The first category of algorithms is developed based on proper camera measurements, while the second is developed via lightmeter measurements. The third category is formed by combining the strengths of the previous two. In contrast to previous approach, these algorithms take into account the different contribution of basic colors to the overall image illuminance and adjust accordingly to accomplish greater resemblance between the original and the processed image. The algorithms were tested assuming various pictures with different color patterns. Our experimental results reveal that a 30% power reduction can be achieved with less than 10% average image distortion.


The president of the Norwegian Medical Association, Dr Hans Petter Aarseth, joined picket lines outside Norway's national parliament last month to protest at the government's decision to increase charges for patients consulting their …


Abstract In this paper, we study negative classical solutions and stable solutions of the following k-Hessian equation $$F_k(D^2V) = (-V)^p\quad {\rm in}\;\; R^n$$with radial structure, where n ⩾ 3, 1 < k < n/2 and p > 1. This equation is related to the extremal functions of the Hessian Sobolev inequality on the whole space. Several critical exponents including the Serrin type, the Sobolev type, and the Joseph-Lundgren type, play key roles in studying existence and decay rates. We believe that these critical exponents still come into play to research k-Hessian equations without radial structure.


The effect of sewage sludge at concentrations of 12.4, 24.8, 37.2, and 49.6t/ha on the severity of diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsii upon the emergence, final stand and plant dry matter weight, the soil's electric conductivity and microbial activity was studied in beans grown under field conditions on a dystrophic Red Yellow Ultisol. Soil was infested with 100 g/m 2 of unhulled rice containing the pathogen. Sewage sludge reduced the incidence and the severity of the diseases caused by S. rolfsii and increased emergence and the final stand of the bean plants in three bean cropping seasons. Microbial activity, measured through the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate and the release of CO 2 , and the electric conductivity were directly proportional to the concentration of sewage sludge. For all cropping seasons, emergence and final stand of plants were positively correlated with the microbial activity in the soil and with the soil's electric conductivity. Sludge concentrations did not influence survival of the sclerotia for a 120-day period. No problem was detected with regard to plant development.


The glycopeptide antibiotics, vancomycin and teicoplanin, are the mainstay of therapy for severe gram‐positive organisms such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. We report a case of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) induced by sequential therapy with teicoplanin and vancomycin, in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


(Roberts, 1988; Murdoch and Ellis, 1992). In seeds of parasitic plants such as Striga and Orobanche, a moist Seeds of three species of Orobanche were conditioned pretreatment known as 'conditioning' is a prerequisite for (i.e. stored fully imbibed in darkness) for periods up to germination (Joel et al., 1991). The seeds become respons210 d in order to model relief of primary dormancy and ive to a germination stimulant which, in the natural induction of secondary dormancy. The data were con- environment, originates from the host plant. Extending sistent with the hypothesis that periods for loss and the pretreatment also results in reduced germination due induction of dormancy and loss of viability are normally to secondary dormancy which was called 'wet dormancy' distributed in populations of imbibed seeds and that by Vallance (1950). For example, Brown et al. (1951) these three processes are independent. There was a reported that O. minor Sm. seeds conditioned at 25°C positive, linear relationship between the rate of loss showed a maximum loss of dormancy after 14 d and that of primary dormancy and temperature from 10‐30°C the germination capacity of some seed lots decreased in O. aegyptiaca and O. cernua and 10‐25° Ci n rapidly thereafter. Van Hezewijk (1994) also reported O. crenata. In all three species, the rate of induction that prolonged conditioning resulted in a decrease in of secondary dormancy was highest at 10°C and germination of O. crenata Forsk. This decrease in gerdecreased with increase of temperature up to about mination was greater at 15°C and 10°C than at 20° Ci n 20°C, above which there was little further change in one of the two seed lots tested. Vallance (1950) observed the rate with temperature. The resulting model that germination of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. explained over 90% of the variation in germination seeds was lower when the conditioning period was longer after conditioning in both O. aegyptiaca and O. cernua. than that necessary to obtain maximum germination, In O. crenata, however, this model was only satisfact- which at 22°C was 6 d. ory at 10 and 15°C. At higher temperatures, dormancy During conditioning the two processes of loss of primwas relatively stable for periods of conditioning from ary dormancy and induction of secondary dormancy are 70 to about 154 d. Possible explanations for this are occurring perhaps simultaneously, perhaps independently discussed. Applications of these models for estimating and certainly at diVerent rates. As such, there is a close the time required to reduce Orobanche infestations in analogy with the prechilling response of Rumex and Picea the field are also briefly discussed.


Owing to the digital revolution, scientists of various specializations, including biography studies, deal with previously unknown phenomena. Sometimes these phenomena pose problems, but more often they can and should be treated as a positive challenge. One of them is a dynamic growth of the so-called blogosphere. The authors of this paper – Ewa Maria Slaska, a webmaster of a literary and social blog, and Tomasz Fetzki, who regularly writes for this blog – began a literary experiment about a year ago. They created blog posts about unusual, mysterious and inspirational people buried in the German and Polish cemeteries. These people lived in borderlands and were therefore of various nationalities and faiths. The authors discovered their graves during their numerous walks an journeys. It quickly became clear that these biographies have been approached too briefl y and that they require a deeper insight. The results of the research and their educational potential are discussed in this paper.


The aim of this research is to analyze the impact and the mediating effect of industry cluster, innovation, core technology and government's technology policy on the performance of biotechnology industry in Taiwan Biotechnology industry is unanimously regarded as 'one of the most blooming industries in 21st century' by developed countries. In order to help the biotechnolgy industry to become another 'trillion-dollar industry', Taiwan's government has enacted several new technology policies, by offering great benefit and preferential measures. The research objects are based on the biotechnology industries in 'Taiwan Biotechnology Industry Almanac 2008', using questionnaire to acquire data. Totally 374 questionnaires were issued and questionnaire retrieval rate is 21%. Multiple Regression Analysis and ANOVA are used to analyze these data. This research found that the impact of industry cluster, innovation, core technology and government's technology policy upon biotechnology companies' performance are shown positive correlation. In addition, the harmonic effect among every variable also presents positive correlation. This research is hoped to be a useful and helpful tool for other related researchers and also for the whole biotechnology industry.


OBJECTIVE
To study the methods of surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in portal vein (TTPV).

METHODS
To Analyze and summarize the clinical information from 138 HCC patients with tumor thrombi in portal vein collected during January 1990 and January 2003.

RESULTS
Thirty-seven patients receiving palliative therapy died from 1 to 8 months, and average survival time is 3.9 months. 101 patients had operation treatment, 23 of them underwent hepatoma resection, and average survival time was 10.9 months; 78 patients underwent hepatoma resection and removal of tumor thrombi, and average survival time was 26.8 months. 52 of whom underwent hepatic artery and portal vein chemoembolization, the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates was 96.2%, 51.9%, 11.5%, the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of the 26 patients who didn't undergo chemoembolization were 76.9%, 23.1%, 0%.

CONCLUSIONS
Operation treatment can comparatively extend the survival time of hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombi in portal vein patients, and the best choice is hepatoma resection and removal of tumor thrombi, hepatic artery and portal vein chemoembolization after operation can enhance the effect.


A methodology to systematically construct an industrial ecosystem is presented in the context of a specific biomass input of peanut hulls and a process complex of activated carbon, adhesive precursor, and hydrogen. The methodology consists of three phases: locating sources and sinks of potential materials for exchange or upgrading; filtering feasible exchanges, the exchange candidates, and locations for new infrastructure; and generating optimal configurations for the industrial ecosystem based on the objective of maximizing the system benefit, defined in the particular case study as the revenue that is generated by the system. To implement the methodology two computer tools are combined: geographic information systems (GIS) and mathematical programming. A screening problem formulation is developed that uses feasibility contours to help reduce the number of candidate material and energy linkages. A case study describing a prospective agro‐industrial complex in the state of Georgia, U.S.A., is given.


Corrections and additions based on Geiger's own notes, which have been preserved at the University of Heidelberg, are a valuable feature of the volume devoted to his writings. Thanks to the compiler Heinz Bechert's familiarity with Geiger's posthumous papers and his previous bibliographical and biographical studies of Geiger, the bibliography (pp. xi-xxxiii) is particularly detailed and informative. Three excellent indexes have been assembled by G. von Simson, H. Ruelius, and Dagmar Schmidt. This collection is mainly devoted to Geiger's monographs bearing on Ceylon and Ceylon Buddhism. It covers the years 1881-1942 and unites material which was dispersed in several Festschriften and in over a dozen periodicals, SBAW, ZII, BSOS, JRAS, JPTS, etc. Magdalene and Wilhelm Geiger's ' Pali dhamma' (ABAW, 1920) worthily occupies 128 pp. Geiger's rather optimistic evaluations of Ceylonese chronicles and his fundamental work on Sinhalese and Maldivian language (including ' Etymological vocabulary of the Maldivian language', JRAS, 1902, and ' Beitrage zur singhalesischen Sprachgeschichte', SBA W, 1942) retain a status of authority today, which he would have preferred to see superseded long ago. The task of reissuing Geiger's equally indispensable contributions to Iranian studies in 1877-97 had to be left to others. Heinrich Luders's Kleine Schriftm have been edited by Oskar von Hinuber, with the addition of the first detailed bibliography of his published work, and with brief select indexes contributed by Renate Sohnen. The volume supplements the 800-pp. selection of articles published as Philologica Indica (Gottingen, 1940), sadly without overlap. It could be argued that that selection is even less accessible than the sources which are now being utilized—early volumes of El, JRAS, etc., 1896-1912, and recent issues of ZDMQ, BSOS, etc., 1933-(t)1949. Of the studies of Kharosthi and Brahmi documents which have been included here, perhaps only ' Bemerkungen zu dem Kharosthi Manuscript des Dhammapada ' (NGWG, 1899) is totally superseded. For the rest, it must be remarked that, in this superlatively well conceived and produced series which already contains some of the best scholarship the world has ever known, the Liiders volume contrives to stand out above the rest. Even in the absence of the Phil. Ind. articles (studies of Central Asian Sanskrit literature, lexical studies, ' Epigraphische Beitrage ', and everything that smacked of ' Kulturgeschichte '), we find demonstrated the far-reaching and important .results that accrue from careful pursuit of detail, supported by a vast experience of Sanskrit, MIA, and Central Asian literatures. The importance of ' Indische Hohlen als Vergntigungsorte' (ZDMQ, 1904) and 'The lingual la in the northern Brahmi script' (JRAS, 1911), together less than a dozen pages, has yet to be fully appreciated. ' Sanskrit kaddra-viklidha ' (AO, 1938) and ' nepathya' (ZDMQ, 1941) are brilliant, amounting almost to a manual of classical Indian semantics. Indeed, Indology begins to look easy in the hands of the septuagenarian author of ' Die Vidyadharas ' and ' Von indischen Tieren ' (ibid., 1939 and 1942).


Quantized assessment of the editor's work in the academic journal board is a measure for assessing editing work of the journal. But there exist some problems in the actual operations. This paper mainly analyzes the problems that exist between quantized assessment and the editing work. At the same time, it points out that editing work is a kind of integrative and deep oriented labor, which needs not only the numerical criteria assessments, but also the overall assessments of quality criteria.


Research managers at science-intensive institutions appear as a continuously evolving group of professionals whose identity is somewhat fragmented, even to themselves. In Portugal, specialized research manager roles have rapidly emerged over the last years alongside the development of a small but consolidated scientific system. In order to get an inside view of the professional identity associated to research management in Portugal, the authors conducted a semi-structured discussion session with a group of professionals. The session aimed to find operational definitions of research management in a broad sense, identifying competencies and skills required to perform such roles, and discuss perspectives on career development in the current scenario. This article departs from the perceptions collected within the group of professionals to inquire about the future environment of the profession.


With the rapid growing of nanotechnology, the effects of nanomaterials released into the environment on plants have drawn more and more attention. Iron is an element essential for plant growth and development. Iron is involved in chlorophyll formation; iron deficiency will cause a plant disorder known as chlorosis. However, whether iron in nano-ferric oxide can be absorbed by plants were rarely concerned. Nano-ferric oxide might promote the growth and development of plants in a suitable concentration. An experiment was designed to evaluate whether nano-ferric oxide can be used to treat chlorosis and the physiological changes of plants in nano-ferric oxide environment. Watermelon was chosen as the experimental plant. Seedlings of watermelon plants were grown in full nutrient solution without iron for 2 weeks until the leaves got yellow. Then the seedlings were treated with different concentrations of nano-ferric oxide (0, 20, 50, 100 mg/L) and 50 mmol/L of EDTA-Fe(II) for a month. The control group seedlings were still grown in full nutrient solution without any iron. Indicators such as activity of antioxidase like superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble protein were studied to measure the physiological effects nano-ferric oxide might have on watermelon. It was observed that the leaves reverted green. Experimental data showed that watermelon absorbed iron from nano-ferric oxide, and nano-ferric oxide promoted watermelon growth in some ways in a suitable concentration.


Banks as financial institutions whose activities include collecting funds from the public in the form of deposits such as savings , deposits , demand deposits and other forms of savings and channel them back to the community in order to improve the living standard of the people in the form of loans / credit . Bank may also be regarded as an institution that won the trust of the public , so the public trust must be maintained , then the bank must satisfy the clients as much as possible in carrying out its activities both in service , fund raising and distribution , financial information and other services in the field . Bank Jabar Banten as banking and business institutions as one of the fittings has a mission and local autonomy as a function of (a) Driving and driving the pace of development in the area , (b) Holders of Local Cash and / or implementing storage area is money, (c) One Local revenue sources . Based on the mission and functions carried the Bank Jabar Banten, in order to participate in promoting the pace of development continues, Bank Jabar Banten loans / credits to employers, employees, the propesi, and others


We normally assume the determinacy of all physical quantities, that is, that every physical quantity must have, in reality, an absolutely determinate magnitude, represented, relatively to a given unit, by a real number. This determinacy principle embodies a realist view, in that it postulates states of affairs as subsisting independently of our knowledge of them. If physical theory represents quantities of a given type, such as energy, as quantized, and so capable of assuming as values only multiples of the quantum, we shall have a ground for regarding such quantities as having determinate magnitudes, representable, in terms of a suitable unit, by rational numbers in all cases. The determinacy principle applies, however, to quantities of every kind, including continuous ones such as temporal duration and spatial distance which we do not suppose to be quantized. The determinacy principle re c o g n i zes the magnitude of a continuous quantity as re p re s e n t a bl e, in terms of a ny given unit, by a re a l nu m b e r, wh i ch may be rational or irrational. We c a n n o t in principle e ver know the precise magnitude of a ny continuous quantity. Hence the determinacy principle embodies, not merely a realist, but a s u p e rrealist m e t a p hy s i c s, in that it postulates states of a ffa i rs that subsist independently of e ven the theoretical possibility of our knowing of them. Why does such a conception appear compelling to us? The magnitude of a quantity is the ratio of the quantity to a unit quantity of the same type (mass, length, etc.). As such, it is naturally specified by means of a rational nu m b e r: we say that an event lasted for one and a half h o u rs, that a place is two t h i rds of a mile d i s t a n t , that something weighs two and a quarter pounds. But when we aim at greater precision, we specify the magnitude with a margin of e rr o r: we determine it to within an interval with rational end-points. It is banal to say that we cannot in principle do better than this: we can neve r, by measurement, identify any specific real number as g iving the magnitude of the quantity in terms of an assigned unit. Why, then, do we not suppose that that is all the fact of the matter: that, in re a l i t y, nothing more holds good of the magnitude than that it lies within some such interval? The obstacle to our resting content with this is that there is not usually any known limit to the pre c i s i o n o f our measure m e n t s. If we ever knew, of a certain technique of


Reaction mechanism between hydroxide ion (OH - ) and pore region of nano-ball allophane was analyzed by molecular orbital method (MOPAC-PM3) with a model cluster including the pore. Many Si atoms with silanol groups (Si-OH) are exposed as broken edge at the pore region, and nucleophilic OH - may attack the positively charged Si atoms. When Na + , as a counter ion of OH - , was held on the silanol group by cation exchange reaction (Si-ONa), calculated positive charge of the Si atom increased from that of Si-O - . This may promote nucleophilic attack and adsorption of OH - toward the Si atom. In model cluster with an OH - adsorbed on the Si atom to form five-fold coordination, decreases in calculated bond orders, bond strengths, of some Si-O and Al-O bondings were observed near the OH - adsorption site. This bond weakening will lead to dissolution of one Si and three Al atoms from the pore region of fundamental allophane structure, which is consistent with experimental observation. The increase in positive charge on Si atom and decrease in bond order of Si-O and Al-O bondings were also observed in calculations with one to six water molecules added to simulate reactions in aqueous system.


Molecular posture of a solute adsorbed to the stationary alkyl ligand in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) is discussed in terms of the number of displacing solvent molecules (r value) defined in accord with the displacement model concept. The precise investigation of the rc values (r value relative to that of benzene) for various solutes having different polarities of substituent groups suggests that the molecular posture depends on the hydrophilicity of substituant groups, which affects the hydrophobic surface area of solute kept in contact with the alkyl chain of the stationary ligand


This article takes its cue from Plutarch's observation that Alcibiades was undone by his exaggerated reputation as surely as he had been raised to such giddy heights by it before. To understand better a figure too often reduced to caricature, in ancient times as in ours, it is vital to remember, as one surveys the many notorious episodes in his life, the intensity with which the eye of the public was forever fixed upon him, and the distorting consequences that such boundless celebrity must have for how someone's actions are perceived, reported, and often enough misconstrued. Bearing the ubiquity of such tendentious influences in mind, the article will show how many of the notorious anecdotes allow for more charitable and less sensationalist interpretation than they have commonly been given—this not by way of lionizing a mischief-maker or contriving apologetics for a scoundrel, but in order to do a little more justice, in a Plutarchian spirit, to a complex life.


This paper is dedicated to the problem of stable model reduction for partial differential equations (PDEs). We propose to use proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method to project the PDE model into a lower dimensional given by an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model. We then stabilize this model, following the closure model approach, by proposing to use reinforcement learning (RL) to learn an optimal closure model term. We analyze the stability of the proposed RL closure model and show its performance on the coupled Burgers equation. World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC) c © 2020 MERL. This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. 201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Reinforcement Learning-based Model Reduction for Partial Differential Equations Mouhacine Benosman ∗ ∗Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA(m firstname.lastname@example.com) Ankush Chakrabarty ∗∗ ∗∗Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Cambridge, MA 02139, USA


This paper, which I wrote in 2006, formulates the equations for gravitational shifts from the relativistic framework of special relativity. First I derive the formulas for the gravitational redshift and then the formulas for the gravitational blueshift.


COLLABORATION — We present results of a search for associated production of W and Higgs bosons based on 2 fb − 1 of data collected with the CDF II detector from p ¯ p collisions at √ s =1.96 TeV. The search is performed using events with two jets, a hadronically decaying τ lepton, and missing transverse energy originating from the H → b ¯ b and W → τν decay modes. We present the status of the search focusing on techniques for triggering on and identifying hadronic tau decays.


We are currently investigating self-assembled nanostructures from short oligomers of β-amino acids and their subsequent use as drug delivery systems. Successful demonstration by our group of self-assembled nanovesicular structures, generated from a β-alanine homotetramer, as carriers for the hydrophobic drug L-Dopa has prompted us to design even more efficient drug delivery systems from the β-amino acid containing peptoid. In the present study, we report a systematic study on the self-assembly of an amphiphilic mixed α/β-tetrapeptoid, H-βAla-βAla-Lys-βAla-NH2. The secondary structure of the tetrapeptoid in a self-assembled state is studied using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Circular Dichroism (CD). These studies are strongly indicative of the presence of the β-sheet conformation, a requisite for self-assembly. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements reveal that the tetrapeptoid self-assembles to stable nanovesicular structures having an average hydrodynamic size of ∼343 nm and a zeta potential of ∼21 mV. The morphology of the self-assembled cationic structures in aqueous solutions was studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Supportive evidence regarding the conformation of the peptoid is provided by a conformational search using computational methods. The theoretically predicted minimum energy structure depicts a curved strand type of conformation. Four of these curved strands are then subjected to a geometry optimization that resulted in the formation of an assembly with a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic exterior. Successful entrapping of hydrophobic molecules of drugs, aspirin and L-Dopa, into the generated nanostructures is revealed by DLS measurements and TEM micrographs. Absorption spectroscopic studies were conducted to study the interaction between the generated nanostructures and each of the hydrophobic drugs, aspirin, and L-Dopa with significant association constant values of the order of 106 to 105, respectively. These described nanostructures from the tetrapeptoid may be developed into efficient drug delivery systems.


We prove a new support theorem for the spherical Radon trans- form on manifolds using microlocal analysis, and we discuss the classical ver- sion of this theorem which was proved by Sigurdur Helgason for the spherical transform in R n . We use these theorems and their proofs to find similarities and dierences between the classical and microlocal worlds, and we provide exercises and open problems.


The problem of distributed detection of a noncooperative target with non-coherent binary observations is considered. The propagation is assumed to be inversely proportional to a power of the distance from the target and the signal is assumed to be subject to Rayleigh fading and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). As the location and power of the target are unknown, the probability of detection and probability of false alarm are also not known for each individual detectors. Thus, the optimum Chair-Varshney fusion rule does not apply. Instead, a two stage method based on a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is derived and proposed. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to evaluate the performance of the global fusion rule. The results show that the performance of this fusion scheme is significantly better than the intuitive counting rule.


A new neutral ligand 1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole-2-phenyl) (bbip) and six coordination polymers, namely [Zn(o-bdc)(bbip)]·H2O (1), [Zn(m-bdc)(bbip)]·H2O (2), [Cd(m-bdc)(bbip)] (3), [Zn(OH–bdc)(bbip)] (4), [Cd(OH–bdc)(bbip)] (5) and [Zn(fum)(bbip)]·H2O (6) (where o-H2bdc = 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, m-H2bdc = 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid, OH–H2bdc = 5-hyroxyisophthalic acid and H2fum = fumaric acid), are described. Compound 1 shows a one-dimensional double-stranded chain structure. Compounds 2 and 4 possess 2D polymeric layers, and the layers are connected through van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds into 3D supramolecular structures, respectively. Compounds 3, 5 and 6 exhibit 3-fold interpenetrating diamondoid networks. The luminescent properties for these compounds in the solid state are discussed.


Autophagy is a highly complex lysosomal degradation process. Recently we demonstrated that autophagy genes encoding Beclin1, ATG7, LC3 promotes cell proliferation, survival, and invasion by promoting Cyclin D1 and Integrin β1/ Src signaling in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Studies showed that increased basal autophagy is linked to development of chemoresistance, relapses and metastasis and poor prognosis in TNBC. However, the major molecular mechanisms and the integrated global regulators controlling the autophagic machinery still remains unknown. Here, we identified miRNA-873 as a p53-driven tumor suppressor that is associated with favorable patient survival (TCGA database) and the key factor for regulating the major autophagy genes, including BCN1, LC3, ATG7, ATG16L1 and ATG13 in TNBC. Using in silico prediction algorithms we demonstrated that miR-873 has binding sites on the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of these genes and directly binds and suppresses their expression using by gene reporter assays. Introduction of mutations to the miR-873 binding sites on 3-UTR of these genes reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-873on these genes. Furthermore, knockdown of Beclin1, LC3 and ATG7 genes significantly suppressed Eukaryotic Elongation Factor‐2 kinase (eEF2K), an unusual alpha kinase, which is highly overexpressed in TNBC patients and associated with poor prognosis. We also found that miR-873 also binds to the 3'-UTR of eEF2K mRNA and regulates its expression and inhibits starvation induced autophagy. Through knockdown and overexpression studies we also demonstrated that eEF2K regulates expression of abovementioned autophagic proteins. Interestingly, we found that BCN1, LC3, and ATG7 also regulates expression of EF2K, suggesting an existence of a novel negative feed-back loop. Lastly, we demonstrated that miR-873 expression is suppressed in TNBC patients and cell lines and restoration of its expression in vivo in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 orthotopic xenograft models by systemic injection (I.V, tail vein once a week, 0.15 mg/kg) of miR-873 mimic molecules incorporated in novel single lipid (SLNP)-nanoparticles suppressed tumor growth. Furthermore, in vivo treatment of mice with SLNP-Beclin1, ATG7 or ATG8 siRNAs also completely suppressed TNBC tumor growth. In conclusion, our data suggest that p53/miR‐873/eEF2K axis is a novel post-transcriptional regulator of autophagy and miR-873 functions as a master regulator of the post-transcriptional regulation of the major autophagy genes directly and indirectly through eEF2K dependent dual-suppressor mechanism and modulation of this axis could be used as a potential therapy for TNBC. Citation Format: Hamada Ahmed Mokhlis, Nermin Kahraman, Seyda Baydogan, Abdel-Aziz Hamed Abdel-Aziz, Ahmed Ashour, Cristina Ivan, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Bulent Ozpolat. MiR-873 is the master regulator of autophagy genes through a novel negative feedback mechanism mediated by Elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF-2K) and suppresses tumor growth and progression of triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4262.


Vacuumed electric water heater is useful for heat storage. However, it is still required to reduce its noise at boiling and to add the function of rapid heat storage. Therefore, a new heating method is proposed where both the main heater installed at the bottom and the sub one installed at the top are used. We investigated the process of bubble generation and its collapse in relation to the noise reduction mechanism with main and sub heaters used. From experimental results, we propose the optimal tune-up condition how these heaters should be controlled. It is also found the heat storage layer is robust to thermal disturbance and the necessary time for supplemental heat storage can be reduced nearly to 1/4 compared to the conventional one. We confirm that the proposed system is useful for industrial application.


Harmonic retrieval is an important problem in signal processing and has received a lot of attention. However, solutions to the problem are generally based on uniform sampling with a rate equal to or greater than the Nyquist rate, in order to avoid certain overlapping (ambiguities) of the spectrum. An investigation is carried out for the detection and estimation of ambiguities in the harmonic retrieval problem, in the case of non-uniform sampling at a rate lower than the Nyquist rate, using differential geometry. An approach for the calculation of the maximum number of ambiguous generator sets of frequencies, associated with a given non-uniform sampling, is also presented and it is then used for identifying unambiguous groups of irregular samples.


The first part of the paper suggests a minimalist framework for integrating the discipline of psychology. Such a framework must rest on the principle of parsimony, build on fewest and simplest possible axiomatic assumptions and yet be able to contain, sustain and benefit from the enormous diversity of its interests and approaches, its ever-widening research enterprise and its unique relationship to neuroscience that situates it felicitously between natural and human sciences. I take the Kantian questions about the human condition as the starting point to link the concepts of reason, work and autonomy to the idea of self as transformative agency that straddles the domains of nature and society the way psychology does. The second part of the paper takes Rawls' idea of society beyond justice, with reference Marx, to show why justice must act as the placeholder for equality in formal procedural democracies and to chart the direction that psychology should follow to meet the challenge of becoming more relevant for human welfare in this neoliberal age of deepening inequalities and mounting social, political and personality crises.


In the present paper, a new characterization of the orthogonality of a monic polynomials sequence $\left\{ Q_{n}\right\} _{n\geq 0}$ is obtained. This is defined as a linear combination of another monic orthogonal polynomials sequence $\left\{ P_{n}\right\} _{n\geq 0}$ such as% \begin{equation*} Q_{n}(x)+r_{n}Q_{n-1}(x)=P_{n}(x)+s_{n}P_{n-1}(x)+t_{n}P_{n-2}\left( x\right) +v_{n}P_{n-3}\left( x\right) +w_{n}P_{n-4}(x),\ n\geq 0 \end{equation*}% where $w_{n}r_{n}\neq 0,$ for every $n\geq 5.$ Futhermore, the relation between the corresponding linear functionals is showed to be \begin{equation*} k\left( x-c\right) u=\left( x^{4}+ax^{3}+bx^{2}+dx+e\right) v \end{equation*}% where $c,$ $a,$ $b,$ $d,$ $e\in \mathbb{C}$ and $k\in \mathbb{C}\backslash\{0\}.$ Finally, an illustration using special case of the above type relation is given.


Judging by the covers of these two books – the first illustrated with the cast of a pregnant woman's torso, the other displaying an eye-catching graphic of an unborn foetus – one might mistakenly think that they had something in common. They do not. Dr Ployé's concern, stemming from his psychoanalytic work, is to highlight the possibility of a particular kind of transference, which he has called the prenatal transference; Ridgeway's theme, on the other hand, is to underline the importance of a good beginning to life (that is, life beginning at, or even before, conception) and the negative effect on society when the unborn child suffers trauma or deprivation. If there is a common denominator between the two authors, it is an interest – speculative in Ployé's case, passionate in Ridgeway's – in the connection between the earliest forms of emotional experience in the womb and postnatal life. Sadly, Dr Ployé died before the publication of his book, which was therefore published posthumously and has an explanatory Foreword by Alessandra Piontelli. His experience as a psychoanalyst underpins his thesis that in certain cases the analyst may become aware, through countertransference, of a form of prenatal or foetal transference. This is characterised, as Piontelli explains in her Foreword, 'by extreme dependency on the analyst and intense passivity' (ix). Ployé invites the reader to consider the advisability and usefulness of offering interpretations based on such a transference, and offers detailed clinical material to illustrate his thought processes. Today there is less debate about whether the foetus experiences or feels, thanks to research over many years by developmental psychologists such as Brazleton and Cramer, and Piontelli's groundbreaking ultrasound work. A central question for Ployé, however, is not whether the foetus feels, but whether the prenatal condition is objectless. To put it another way, is it possible that the reliving of a foetal type of relatedness can arise in some cases in an analysis? Ployé leaves the question unanswered, but suggests it as a possibility based on his own clinical experience. The core of the book therefore describes the impact on himself, the analyst, of a foetal transference, a term first suggested, according to Ployé, by Symington in 1981. For those interested in the subject, there is an extensive literature review, preceded by an apposite quote by Sandor Ferenczi (1913/1952): '[A]nd it would be foolish to believe that the mind begins to function only at the moment of birth.' (p. 5). Ferenczi appears to have been the first to consider the possible connection between material brought by patients and their intrauterine experience. There are other names which may be less familiar to the majority of child psychotherapists, such as Dr Graber, a Swiss psychoanalyst who founded the International Association for Prenatal Psychology in the 1920s, or Otto Rank, whose work on the birth trauma during the same period seems to have led him off on an alternative path in the States, but who features more prominently in The Unborn Child. Klein, Mahler, Pine and Menninger all had views on the overlap between preand postnatal states; Rosenfeld and Bion are mentioned in relation to their experience of a parasitical form of transference, with phantasies of living inside the psychoanalyst. Balint, it appears, recognised that some patients' search for an archaic or primary object love could result in absolute dependence on JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY


In 2002 Chae et al. proposed a two filter ratio method for determining unambiguous temperature values for the plasma in the solar corona. When applying this method to SOHO/EIT it was found that outside the range of 0.7 4 MK the errors for the instrument response functions were so large that the values could not be trusted. This paper analyses a SOHO/EIT data set of loops at the solar limb. It was found that none of the points taken from along the coronal structure sat on the colour-colour curve. This could be due to a number of different reasons such as the time lapse between the three EUV images, the fairly poor resolution of EIT, plasma flows along the loop or perhaps looking through a multi-thermal atmosphere. Considering the latter, using a simple two temperature approach, it was found that it is possible to reproduce our results in this way.


Sullivan Fisher and Edna Vann Lewis, both members of the Red Oak 4-H Club in Nash County, have been declared state winners in North Carolina's Feed a Fighter program for 1943 and each has been awarded a $100.00 War Bond, offered by the Colonial Stores to the boy and girl producing and selling the largest number of food units during 1943. (A food unit being interpreted as the amount of food or its equivalent required to feed a man in the Armed Service for a period of one year.) Sullivan produced a total of 34.3 units while Edna produced 14 units. Sullivan's record shows that he produced 1,680 pounds of cereal, 3,178 pounds of legumes, 90 pounds of tomatoes, 945 pounds of leafy vegetables, 200 pounds of Irish Potatoes, 18,000 pounds of Sweet Potatoes, 560 pounds of fruit, 150 pounds of poultry, 35,155 pounds of meat, 2,120 quarts of milk, 202 dozen eggs, and 475 pounds of butter. Edna's record shows that she produced 3,920 pounds of poultry, 8,401 pounds of meat, and 1,560 dozen eggs.


Polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles formed by chemical in situ polymerization were deposited on the hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface of SiO2 substrates to give the diversely morphology, respectively. The morphologies of PPy nanoparticles deposit were investigated using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM) imaging techniques. The morphology of Y- and T-shape wrinkles was observed on the hydrophilic surface of SiO2 substrate, while the morphology of polygon-shape wrinkles on the hydrophobic surface of SiO2 substrate, and this distinction is due to the difference of the surface energy between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface of SiO2 substrate and so-called "memory effect."


Natural rubber (NR) is currently sourced from a single species Hevea brasiliensis, which is primarily grown in Southeast Asia and Africa. The Taraxacum kok-saghyz (L.E. Rodin) (TK) plant, which grows in temperate climates and has NR in its roots, has been identified as an additional source for NR in the future. A major challenge to TK becoming a crop is direct seeding. This paper presents research on determining strategies for improving establishment of TK through direct seeding. Field trials were conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Ohio on a Wooster silt loam soil (2.4–2.9% OM) using "wild" TK seed. The study evaluated the impacts of different planting dates (April and May), planter types (broadcasting raw seed and drilling pelleted seed), companion crops, and compost mulch strips on plant stands (i.e., visible TK plant/TK seed drop). Results indicated that drilling of pelleted seed to a depth of 0.6 cm into a thin layer (<1.27 cm) of compost mulch after soil temperatures reach 16 °C (mid-May in Northern Ohio) would give the highest stand by the fall harvest season. These studies provide insight into direct seeding of TK and a baseline to use for evaluating future generations of TK.


The preliminary results using photonic techniques (LIBS and LIFS) for identification of transgenic corn samples and macro and micronutrient determination are shown in this work.


a thymolipoma. This tumour has, to our knowledge, only been reported in the world literature as a cause for myasthenia gravis in two other cases.4 ' We therefore present the fourth case in this paper. In May 1980 a 61-year-old man noted diplopia for the first time. In September he complained of a weakness of the jaw and neck muscles, dysarthria and problems with swallowing. The muscles of the limbs were not affected, but there was weakness of the sphincter ani muscles with incontinence. The diagnosis was substantiated by observing the response to edrophonium chloride. Chest radiographs showed no mediastinal abnormalities. Thymectomy


ABSTRACT The pole assignment problem for descriptor systems is a classical inverse algebraic eigenvalue problem, which has attracted attention for decades. In this paper, we propose a direct method to solve the problem with the application of the proportional plus derivative state feedback, intending to obtain a robust closed-loop system. Theorems on the feasibility of our method will be presented. Numerical examples show that our method yields poles of high relative accuracy.


The adversarial court system is one based on contest where there are winners and losers. Some have suggested that our current adversarial justice system is concerned more with the strategic presentation of evidence in the interest of winning rather than with finding the truth behind adversaries' claims (see Chapter .5) or with finding a resolution to conflict. In this chapter I introduce one alternative to the adversarial justice system - restorative justice. I begin by describing what restorative justice is and what it looks like. I then summarise developments in restorative justice in Australia and overseas, as well as review what we currently know about bow restorative justice works to restore offenders and victims embroiled in conflict. Finally, I conclude with some reflections on the future of restorative justice, as well as bow apology and forgiveness feature in restorative processes.


A waterproof pulp egg tray and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to prevent drooping or deformation of the egg tray in the rainy season and to absorb moisture condensed on the surfaces of eggs through a water absorption function of an upper end and a joint part of a wall body. The waterproof pulp egg tray has an egg insertion part(10) having a bottom portion(12) and a wall body(14) obliquely extended upward from the bottom portion. An upper end of the wall body is connected with the upper end of the wall body of the other egg insertion part by a joint part(18). The upper end of the wall body and the joint part are a water absorbing part to absorb moisture flowing on the surface of an egg(E).


[Problem] To provide a structured illumination apparatus capable of switching structured illumination at high speed. [Solution] A structured illumination microscope (2) is provided with: a splitting part (13) that includes a first substrate including multiple pixel electrodes, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and that splits light from a light source (20) into multiple diffracted light beams; an illumination optical system (14) that illuminates a sample by means of an interference fringe formed of at least some of the multiple diffracted light beams; an imaging device (3) that images the sample irradiated with the interference fringe; a demodulating unit (4); and a control unit (15) that controls the direction and the phase of the interference fringe, wherein the control unit (15) applies, to at least some of the multiple pixel electrodes, a first voltage pattern and a second voltage pattern obtained by reversing the first voltage pattern, during one frame period during which the imaging device performs imaging.


The winding hot-spot temperature is an extremely important factor limiting the loading capability of a power transformer. High temperature also accelerates the aging of paper insulation and thus reduces the lifetime of a transformer. Ohmic losses in the winding are the main source of heat inside a transformer. Precise knowledge of these losses is very important to determine the winding temperature distribution. Furthermore, in an oil-immersed power transformer, oil is used both as insulation and as liquid coolant. In a disc-type winding, a non-uniform coolant flow, in horizontal ducts, can contribute to local overheating. This article describes a new approach to estimate the winding temperature distribution, in which losses are computed by the finite element method whereas the coolant circulation and the temperature distribution are obtained from a thermal-hydraulic network representation of the winding.


The distribution of the Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx had declined markedly by the time European explorers documented distributions, and the species became extinct in the wild by the mid 1970s. Consequently, historical distribution records may be unreliable indicators of current habitat suitability for reintroductions. In this study diurnal behaviour of Arabian oryx was recorded within a central Saudi Arabian reintroduction site. Oryx were less active on warmer days due to an increase in shading (resting in shade) at the expense of feeding time; there was an inverse relationship between temperature and feeding. During hot conditions (maximum ambient temperature >40°C) some individuals spent <2 hours feeding during the day, compared with an average of 4.8 hours during cooler weather. This suggests the importance of shade trees to permit year-round occupancy in reintroduction sites. Selection of sites according to documented historical distribution may focus on tree-less areas, probably formerly part of the winter range. Absence of shade could result in migration out of the reserve, into areas where oryx risk being shot.


The utility model relates to a domestic water saving device, wherein a face wash pool and a food wash pool are connected with a water collection tank via water supply tubes; a water storage tank is connected with a closestool via a water inlet tube; the water collection tank and the water storage tank are enclosed; the water storage tank is above the closestool and is communicated with the water collection tank via a water supply tube; the water storage tank is connected with a tap water pipe; the tap water pipe is provided with a valve; and the pipe diameter of the water inlet tube is larger than the diameter of the water supply tube. The utility model utilizes atmospheric pressure theory to realize secondary utilization on domestic waste water, without water pump and electric control device, having simple structure, simple operation and energy saving property, which can save 2n water in each month for common three-man family, and can flush toilet without using tap water. The domestic water saving device has wide application and popularization values.


Background: There has been a common belief among the people of Tripura that the frequency and distribution of blood groups in tribal people of Tripura are not similar to that of other parts of India. Aims: To find out frequency and distribution of blood groups in tribal people of Tripura. Setting and Design: A data-based study carried out in a tertiary care teaching institute, Agartala. Methodology: After obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, this study was conducted among the blood donors from tribal communities of different areas of Tripura, who donated blood from October 2012 to August 2013. ABO blood grouping was performed by forward (cell grouping) and reverse blood grouping (serum grouping) using test tube agglutination method using antisera A and antisera B. Rh blood grouping was performed by forward blood grouping (cell grouping) method using antisera D. Weak D (Du) testing were done in case of Rh negative cases. Statistical Analysis Used: Percentage and proportion. Results: Out of 508 blood donors, 421 (82.9%) were male and 87 (17.1%) were female. Majority of blood donors came from 21-40 years of age group. B (33.7%) group is in maximum numbers followed by O (30.3%) and A (24.2%) groups; whereas minimum are from AB group (11.8%). Blood donations by females are low as it is in other areas of India. Conclusion: "B" is the most frequent and "O" is the second most common blood group of ABO blood group system among the tribal blood donors of Tripura. Rh-positive donors were 94.5% and Rh negative were 5.5%.


In this paper, two approaches to generating such trajectories: straight lines in joint space and straight lines in Cartesian space have been discussed. This is one of the most common requirements in robotics for moving the end-effector smoothly from initial location to goal location. These are known respectively as joint space and Cartesian space tracking. Two user defined algorithms are developed for Joint space as well as Cartesian space trajectory tracking. The algorithm has been tested in simulation yielding fair results, which have also been compared with those provided by another important trajectory planning technique methods.


This report briefly discusses Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's "working visit" to Washington D.C. that will include addressing Congress, the first such address by an Indian leader since 2005.


The principle and application of Pinyin model are introduced in this paper.The Pinyin model is Trigram that adds up same voice data in language model and it is a new link between original acoustic and language model.It can be used to obtain probability of interrelated Pinyin string.The results in experiments show that by using the model to make final process of the recognition of acoustic layer,the recognition rate of the top one can be increased 13 percent,and the rate of the front fine is similar with the one of the front ten which are output from original acoustic model.


505 Background: Talazoparib (TALA) is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor approved as monotherapy for treating adult patients (pts) with g BRCA1/2-mutated HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic BC. Methods: This phase 2, non-randomized, single-arm, open-label study (NCT03499353) evaluated the efficacy and safety of TALA in the neoadjuvant setting for pts with early g BRCA1/2-mutated HER2− BC. Primary endpoint was evaluation of pathologic complete response (pCR) as assessed by Independent Central Review (ICR) after completing 24 weeks of neoadjuvant TALA monotherapy 1 mg QD (0.75 mg for moderate renal impairment) followed by surgery. Secondary endpoints included pCR by investigator (INV) and residual cancer burden (RCB) by ICR (RCB: 0 [pCR], I [minimal], II [moderate], III [extensive]). The evaluable population included pts who received at least 80% of the TALA dose prescribed at treatment start and underwent breast surgery and pCR assessment, plus those who progressed before pCR could be assessed. The intent-to-treat (ITT) population included all pts who received at least 1 dose of TALA. Results: Of 61 pts treated with TALA (ITT and safety populations), 48 comprised the evaluable population. All pts had triple-negative BC. 60 pts had adenocarcinoma and 1 had squamous cell histology, with the following staging: I=20, II=27, III=14. Mean age was 44.6 years, mean duration of 4.5 wks since disease onset, mean duration of treatment of 23.3 wks, and mean overall relative dose intensity of 84.5% (ITT population). pCR (assessed by ICR and INV) and RCB (by ICR) for the evaluable and ITT populations are shown in the table below. Ten (16.4%) patients discontinued treatment due to progressive disease. One pt had a disruption of treatment as a result of COVID-19 restrictions, 2 pts for other reasons: to undergo surgery early and consent withdrawal; 9 patients received <80% dose. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were reported in 98.4% of pts (27.9% grade [G] 1, 23.0% G2, 45.9% G3, 1.6% G4); the most common were fatigue (78.7%; G1 54.1%; G2 21.3%; G3 3.3%), nausea (68.9%; G1 54.1%; G2 13.1%; G3 1.6%), and alopecia (57.4%; G1 54.1%; G2 3.3%). Three (4.9%) pts discontinued treatment due to AEs (G3 anemia [n=2] and G3 vertigo [n=1]) and continued on study. Conclusions: TALA monotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting was active and showed pCR rates comparable to those observed with combination anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens and was generally well tolerated. Clinical trial information: NCT03499353. [Table: see text]


Halal industry in Malaysia provides a great opportunity for food manufacturers to expand their businesses, globally. However, the business has faced with some difficulties to improve performance due to complexity in halal supply chain. This paper studies the adoption of halal food supply
chain (HFSC) factors on business performance among halal food manufacturers in Malaysia. Data were collected randomly from Halal Development Council (HDC) directory website. Using regression analysis, 103 responses were analyzed to determine the effects of adoption factors of
HFSC on business performance. The results indicate that the context of technological, organizational and environmental can improve business performance of halal manufacturer. Perceived benefits in the context of technological gives the best predictor on business performance. In the context
of organizational, readiness provides the best predictor of business performance. Meanwhile, halal market demand in the context of environmental gives the best predictor of business performance. The paper examines business performance in food industry; however other industries in halal are not focused. The results provide some insights into business performance among halal industry in Malaysia.


The purpose of this paper is to estimate total factor productivity growth (TFP) of the Greek Railway Organization, over the period 1971-89, using recent develop- ments in the production and cost frontier analysis. These developments allow us to disting- uish the contribution of technological progress, scale economies, and efficiency changes to TFP. Empirical results indicate that productivity change is more a consequence of dimi- nishing returns to scale and technical change than the result of technical or allocative inefficiency. The obvious policy recommendation is an increase and modernization of capital equipment so as to increase the marginal productivity of labour.


The design and implement of ASIC chips for increasingly universal OFDM transceiver in wireless LAN are presented in this article. After reviewing in brief the operating principle and structure of the transceiver ASIC in wireless LAN, the description is emphasized on the design method which focuses on the object-oriented, and some practical problems met in design of ASIC for OFDM transceiver need to be paid close attention to. The EDA software tool made use of C++ language to achieve ASIC design at high level is able to rapid the simulation to verify the algorithm and the structure of the chip, so as to simplify the design for of computation-intended ASIC such as OFDM transceiver.


A feedback loop involving PIP4kγ and mTORC1 maintains basal mTORC1 activity under nutrient-deprived conditions. Maintaining a Basal Level of Activity Nutrients such as glucose and amino acids activate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a complex consisting of the kinase mTOR, which couples metabolic signals to pathways that trigger cellular proliferation and growth. When nutrients are limiting, mTORC1 activity is normally suppressed. Mackey et al. found that under nutrient-depleted conditions, the kinase PIP4kγ interacted with and activated mTORC1, which stimulated mTOR kinase activity at low levels. Under nutrient-replete conditions, mTOR phosphorylated PIP4kγ, inhibiting this pathway. Thus, PIP4kγ and mTORC1 exist in a feedback loop that ensures basal activity of mTORC1 during starvation and that is shut down when nutrients become available again. Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinases (PIP4ks) are a family of lipid kinases that specifically use phosphatidylinositol 5-monophosphate (PI-5-P) as a substrate to synthesize phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. Suppression of PIP4k function in Drosophila results in smaller cells and reduced target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) signaling. We showed that the γ isoform of PIP4k stimulated signaling through mammalian TORC1 (mTORC1). Knockdown of PIP4kγ reduced cell mass in cells in which mTORC1 is constitutively activated by Tsc2 deficiency. In Tsc2 null cells, mTORC1 activation was partially independent of amino acids or glucose and glutamine. PIP4kγ knockdown inhibited the nutrient-independent activation of mTORC1 in Tsc2 knockdown cells and reduced basal mTORC1 signaling in wild-type cells. PIP4kγ was phosphorylated by mTORC1 and associated with the complex. Phosphorylated PIP4kγ was enriched in light microsomal vesicles, whereas the unphosphorylated form was enriched in heavy microsomal vesicles associated with the Golgi. Furthermore, basal mTORC1 signaling was enhanced by overexpression of unphosphorylated wild-type PIP4kγ or a phosphorylation-defective mutant and decreased by overexpression of a phosphorylation-mimetic mutant. Together, these results demonstrate that PIP4kγ and mTORC1 interact in a self-regulated feedback loop to maintain low and tightly regulated mTORC1 activation during starvation.


The addition of dibenzo-18-crown-6 to a solution of 5,12-dihydrotetracene in tetrahydrofuran has been found to reduce dramatically the rate of cation migration when Li+ is the counterion. The resulting e.s.r. spectra, which exhibit linewidth alternation, have been computer-simulated employing modified Bloch equations. The activation energy for this process has been found to be 13.5 kJ mol–1. Linewidth alternation is also present when K+ is the counterion, and is accompanied by a significant change in the various splitting constants as the 'fast exchange' region is approached.


Viscose non-woven was treated by NH3 plasma. Different exposure times were used in order to find the optimum conditions for simultaneously improved hydrophilicity and antimicrobial activity, as desired effects by wound dressings. Both chemical and morphological modifications were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, respectively, revealing functionalization with nitrogen groups as well as formation of rich morphology at sub-micrometer scale. The wetting rise curves increased from 0.04 g2 s–1 for non-treated material to 1 g2 s−1 after prolonged treatment. The water contact angle decreased almost linearly with treatment time from 90° for non-treated samples to about 40° for samples treated for 140 s and remained rather constant thereafter. The AATCC 100–1999 standard test revealed reduction on all used bacteria, more pronounced for Gram-negative, that is, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, then for Gram-positive, that is, a significant for S. aureus and a marginal for E. faecalis.


Employing a rational design strategy to construct porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with predictable structures for specific applications still remains one of the most compelling challenges. Here, a novel two-dimensional (2D) bilayer (FJI-H16) based on Zn/Cd heterometal clusters has been constructed throughout a heterometal strategy, further introducing pillar ligands with different sizes and flexibilities that expand such 2D bilayer structures into two novel three-dimensional (3D) frameworks (FJI-H17, FJI-H18), in which both the pore size and flexibility of the new-formed 3D frameworks can be tuned. Further gas adsorption research indicates that the less porous FJI-H16 has the highest H2 adsorption, while the very porous FJI-H17 has the highest CO2 adsorption. The relationship between gas adsorption properties and pore characteristics also has been investigated, which will provide a potential strategy that can improve gas adsorption in designing porous MOFs.


We present an application of Colored Petri Nets for modeling qf software architecture. Our work demonstrates how to use architectural modeling to control properties of industrial scale products and product families. The new software architecture of a mobile phone family is modeled by Colored Petri Nets and analyzed using the Design/CPN tool. The model describes the execution architecture and allows us to analyze both the time and space performance of the software system. Our experience shows that a special purpose model can be constructed,for large systems also and this model predicts system properties accurately enough to be useful. The insight this gave us into the internal operation of the software system together with the estimates of its per$n-mance helped guide us through the early phases of architectural design. We continue to and expect it to be a very valuable different product,family members. maintain the model tool in configuring


The paper studies the interaction between the strategies of criticizing and the deep driving forces of culture. Individualistic culture and collectivist culture constitutes,respectively,the "matrix" of Western and Eastern cultures,individuality being the "engine" therein. Individuality serves as not only the great divide in question,but also the cultural support in applying different criticizing strategies to different subjects at different phases.


Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are essential for reliable communication and control of smart grids. However, in the cyber-physical realm, it becomes highly vulnerable to cyber-attacks like False Data Injection (FDI) into the measurement signal which can circumvent the conventional detection methods and interfere with the normal operation of grids, which in turn could potentially lead to huge financial losses and can have a large impact on public safety. It is imperative to have an accurate state estimation of power consumption for further operational decision-making.This work presents novel forecasting-aided anomaly detection using an CNN-LSTM based auto-encoder sequence to sequence architecture to combat against false data injection attacks. We further present an adaptive optimal threshold based on the consumption patterns to identify abnormal behaviour. Evaluation is performed on real-time energy demand consumption data collected from the Australian Energy Market Operator. An extensive experiment shows that the proposed model outperforms other benchmark algorithms in not only improving the data injection attack (95.43%) but also significantly reducing the false positive rate.


hybridization for mouse chromosomes 1, 2, and3 was used for the analysis of stable-aberrations in metaphase-cells. All other visible grossstructural-abnormalities involving non-painted-chromosomes were also evaluated on thesame metaphase-cells used for scoring the stable-aberrations of painted-chromosomes.Our new data demonstrated in bone-marrow cells from both strains that low doses of lowLET-radiation (as low as 0.05 Gy) are incapable of inducing genomic instability but arecapable of reducing specific aberration-types below the spontaneous rate with time post-irradiation. However, the results showed the induction of genomic instability by 1.0 Gy of


Different types of vertical connections between microstrip lines on parallel planes have been investigated. A coplanar waveguide (CPW) is used as a vertical connection between the planes. A number of transitions between the horizontal and vertical parts of the connection as well as the influence of the solder are numerically investigated. The most promising transitions have been manufactured and measured with excellent results.


This book is an experiment with the conviction that there is a comparative dimension in confessional theology. This chapter briefly reviews the case for using sources from other religions in the work of Christian theology. It then describes the particular aim of this text to reflect on the reconciling work of Christ in light of Buddhist teaching. Another section reviews the history of Buddhist-Christian engagement, with special focus on the geographical area of the Silk Road in Central Asia and on the case of Manichaeanism as a tradition overlapping with both Buddhism and Christianity. It also reviews the author's previously published constructive proposal in theology of religions, as the framework for this work. A final section outlines the plan of the book.


The article opens a series of publications devoted to the study of the stages and forms of reception of F. M. Dostoevsky in Hungarian culture. Collected and interpreted facts characterizing the history of translations of Dostoevsky's novels and other works into Hungarian. A bibliography of translations of Dostoevsky's works and their reprints was prepared, covering 1879-2019, representative translations were identified that became facts of the host culture. The periodization of the history of the Hungarian translation perception of the novelist's heritage is proposed and its specificity is revealed against the background of the characteristic features of the history of the perception of the writer's work in Europe.


In this work we present the classification of irreducible bimodules over the simple Jordan superalgebra .Kan(n) over a algebraically closed field of characteristic # 2, for all n ? 2. The classification was obtained working directly over the superalgebra Ã'an(n), we used the Jordan superidentity rewritten in many forms: first to find general properties for any irreducible bimodule over Ã.an(n); after to find an especial element in the bimodule; and finaly, using the properties and the especial element we determinated the structure (multiplication) of the searched bimodules. With the obtained structure, the final work was to show that in fact the bimodule is Jordan. to this was created a criteria and some examples of Jordan superalgebras.


The invention relates to a delivery unit of a sheet-processing machine having a sheet-conveying system that transports sheets to a delivery stack and having a sheet front edge of the sheets at at least two front edge stops. The invention further relates to a method for operating a sheet-processing machine, in which at least one detection unit is provided, which monitors the position of the sheets in a contactless manner, and in which the at least one detection unit is designed to monitor at least one point that is downstream in the sheet transport direction of a stop plane spanned by the at least two front edge stops. The problem addressed by the invention is that of creating a delivery unit of a sheet-processing machine. In particular, the delivery unit is designed in such a manner that damage caused by entrained sheets can be reliably excluded and the efficiency of the machine is increased. According to the invention, the problem is solved in that the at least one monitored point (P) lies within a region (B) that extends 100 mm in the sheet transport direction (15), starting from the stop plane (e).


Usual handwritten signature verification systems address the writer-independent (WI) approach using only bi-class robust classifiers to deal with the most challenging tasks. Indeed, WI concept, the reduced size of references and one-class signature verification are still open issues in practical cases. In this paper, we propose a one-class WI system using feature dissimilarity measures thresholding for classification and a reduced number of references. The proposed system involves the use of contourlet transform-based directional code co-occurrence matrix feature generation method. The verification is achieved through a WI threshold which is automatically selected using a new signature stability criterion. The proposed WI concept is besides addressed through the mixture of different writers' data sets in both the design and verification stages. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed system in spite of the strict verification protocol using the one-class concept, a unique threshold for accepting or rejecting a questioned signature, the reduced number of writers, and the limited number of reference signatures.


DEFINITION: Organophosphorus insecticides are normally esters, amides or thial derivatives of phosphor-thionic or phosphopenthotanic acids. The organophosphorus compounds are classified in 2 groups, one is Alkyl phosphates and other is Aryl phosphates.


The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of pandemic, perceived risk, and cognitive dissonance on the need for cognitive closure. A consumer today wants an aversion towards the ambiguity that is created due to this pandemic. The data is collected using Amazon's Mechanical Turk panel. All of the filled questionnaires are analyzed using stepwise regression. The findings suggest that perceived risk, pandemic, cognitive dissonance influence the need for cognitive closure and perceived risk is the major predictor of cognitive closure. These results enrich our understandings with regards to the importance of designing the marketing strategies in a way that will lead to the reduction in the consumer's perceived risk and cognitive dissonance created due to the pandemic.


This research aims to study effect of low NaOH concentration on compressive strength and products of high calcium geopolymer. Fly ash was used to be starting material to synthesize geopolymer and mixed with 2 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations. Silica fume was also used to be addition of silica in mixture to make different Si/Al ratios. Geopolymer pastes were determined compressive strength at the ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. The products of geopolymer pastes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and salicylic acid with methanol (SAM solution) leaching test. The products of geopolymer were determined by the FTIR in different patterns before and after SAM solution leaching which is specific for calcium composite gel. It was found that low NaOH solution can produce the highest compressive strength of 15.91 MPa at the age of 28 days. The products of high calcium geopolymer were possible be calcium silicate hydrate (CSH gel), calcium aluminate silicate hydrate (CASH gel), geopolymer (NASH gel) and zeolite which were characterized by FTIR and SAM leaching tests.


The Big Bang Theory, a successful sitcom in several countries, creates, reproduces an shares an imaginary that is a mirror of some science and technology aspects that became almost omnipresent in contemporary society. This paper maps the main symbolical elements of the scientific-technological imaginary in the sitcom and analyses their meanings. The goal is better understand the identification process between the serial and its audience and identify some elements that contribute for its success. The research is based on the anthropological concept about the imaginary and in the "mythodology" developed by Gilbert Durand. The results show what archetypes, myths and stereotypes related to science and technology flow in the imaginary of a mainstream audiovisual product and how they are updated in a comedy.


European contractors view build-operate-transfer (B-O-T) contracts as necessary in winning international work. Dwindling public budgets are leading Europe's corporate officials to the more expensive B-O-T process. This article describes the B-O-T process, highlights some successful and unsuccessful B-O-T ventures, and comments on the inherent risks associated with B-O-T contracts.


Security policy testing is a practical way to ensure security policies are correctly implemented in information or networking systems with a certain level of confidence. In this paper, we adapt model based testing techniques for formal models of security policies, and propose a two stage approach to produce test cases from a security policy specified in Or-BAC, i.e., test purpose generation from Or-BAC rules, and test case generation from test purposes.


Finding two or more contact points between rigid bodies simulation is always a fundamental task in virtual environment. Furthermore, the contact point needs to be accurately reported as soon as possible within 30-60 frames per second (fps) between moving polyhedral. This article introduced an efficient splitting method that is able to divide the bounding-volume of Axis Aligned Bounding-Box (AABB) hierarchies into a balanced tree. The construction of well-balanced tree will helps to improve the speed of the intersection between rigid bodies' objects.


IT service change management aims to ensure that new services and changes to services will be deliverable and manageable at the agreed cost and service quality. Change management is an attractive research topic due to its complicated nature (broad scope, a large number of interfaces, many instances). Our research exploits the best practices of IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) framework. The research problem of this study is: Which factors should be taken into consideration while implementing IT service change management systems and processes? The main contribution of this paper is to present results of a case study with a Finnish IT service provider organization that provides ICT and medical technology services in Finland. Our results consist of identified functional and data requirements for a change management module within an IT service management system as well as practical implications for change management process implementation. The case study was carried out as a part of a research project that focused on improving Service Transition processes. Keywords—IT service; change management; change; process


The medical administrative law is a field in the administrative property law – a special field, and regulates the public relations in the healthcare system in relation to: the activity of hospitals and similar medical bodies for hospitalization, diagnosis practices and treatment of patients with different conditions, the medical activities regarding the out-of-hospital emergency cases - consultation and treatment by practitioners competent in all fields of medicine, specialized doctors and surgeons as well as the dentists' general and specialized practice, the relations between medical professionals and patients. The article displays the rights and duties of the patients. The analysis also considers the violation of improper exercise and implementation of various health rights and obligations that are related to administrative liability.


The orthogonal projection method in multiparticle scattering theory has already been developed for projecting on scattering channels which have the same symmetry as the bound states have. Now this method is generalized for the case of projecting on states with different symmetry, in particular, on states which are forbidden by the Pauli principle. As a consequence of this, ghost bound states are introduced into multiparticle scattering theory as specific eigenfunctions of integral kernels. It is shown that the scattering amplitudes constructed using the ghost states give an accurate description of scattering in the channels in which the Pauli principle is decisive. The case of nd scattering in the quartet channel is analyzed in detail and the generalization of this method to systems of four and more particles is discussed.


Summary form only given. The beyond 3G mobile communication R&D project named future technologies for universal radio environment (FuTURE) under the framework of the national 863 program is addressed. The technical requirements derived from the beyond 3G mobile communication system are summarized. Key techniques necessary for the FuTURE project are presented, including cell structure, application environmental adaptation, multiple access scheme, MIMO turbo receiver etc.


Abstract We used the mark-recapture method to gather fundamental information on the population dynamics of Ischnura elegans (Vander Linden, 1820) in an arid region of central Iran. Ischnura elegans expresses female-limited colour polymorphism. We investigated sex and female morphs differences in survival and capture probabilities, space use patterns and spatial density. We used Cormack–Jolly–Seber and spatial capture-recapture models. The estimated capture probability for males was lower than females. The survival probability was not different between either males and females or gynomorphs and andromorphs. We found support for sex differences in density and detection probability, and female morphs differences in density, space use and detection probability. Based on our results the extreme conditions of arid regions can lead to a male-biased dispersal. Our findings also confirm the existence of behavioural differences between andromorph and gynomorph females and suggest a within species spatial habitat partitioning.


Methods Participants were physically inactive adult outpatients with a current major depression or an anxiety disorder and were treated with benzodiazepines. Following a partial randomisation based on individual preferences, 60% and 25% of the outpatients selected running and antidepressant medication, respectively, whereas 15% (n=22) received random allocation. The running group was prescribed three outdoor supervised sessions/ week for 16 weeks, with each session comprising 10 min warmingup exercise, 30 min running at 70%–85% of their heart rate reserve (HRR) and 5 min coolingdown. The antidepressant medication group was meeting a psychiatrist at weeks 0, 2, 6 10 and 16 and was initially prescribed a dose of 10 mg/day of escitalopram. This dose could increase to 20 mg/day subject to patient's treatment response and side effect experiences. In case of ineffectiveness or intolerance, the psychiatrist could additionally prescribe a daily dose of between 50 mg and 150 mg of sertraline. The primary outcome of the study was depression remission defined as no longer meeting the criteria of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for major depression or an anxiety disorder. Secondary outcomes included improvements in inflammation, metabolic syndrome and cardiac autonomic activity. Adherence to running and antidepressant medication was, respectively, defined as exercising ≥2 times/week at ≥70% of the HRR or receiving antidepressant medication postintervention. Findings At baseline, participants showed severe and moderatetosevere depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively, whereas the running group was significantly less depressed than the antidepressant medication group. However, baseline analysis to control for the potential impact of type of inclusion (preference or randomisation) recorded no significant interaction effect. At postintervention, betweengroup intentiontotreat analyses were computed with baseline depression as a covariate. Results showed comparable depression remission rates (running 43.3%; medication 44.8%) but better health indices with respect to cardiovascular and metabolic function for the running group, which also showed lower adherence (running 52.2%; medication 82.2%). Dropouts were comparable statistically with running at 19.8% and medication at 26.7%, which however may bare clinical significance. Finally, no statistical improvements in inflammatory or other markers were found, but the antidepressant medication group demonstrated deterioration in blood pressure and in the C reactive protein.


Two on-farm experiments were carried out in An Giang Province, Vietnam, to investigate the effect of diets of rice bran with taro (Colocasia esculenta) foliage on the growth performance of common ducks.

The first experiment was on chopped fresh taro leaves supplemented to a basal diet, which included rice bran, broken rice and soybean meal, to determine the intake level, the growth performance and carcass traits of crossbred common ducks. In total 168 ducks (crosses of an exotic and indigenous breed) were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 dietary treatments and 3 replicates. The ducks were offered chopped fresh taro leaves ad libitum, supplemented with five levels (3, 4, 5, 6 and 7% of live weight [LW] as dry matter [DM]) of a basal diet with a premix added. There were two other treatments, the basal diet without premix fed at 3% of LW, with free-access to taro leaves, and the basal diet with premix, fed at the equivalent of 7% of LW, with no taro leaves provided. Each experimental unit included 8 ducks, balanced for sex. The total DM intake was highest on the treatment in which the ducks were fed 7% of LW of the basal diet supplemented by fresh taro leaves ad libitum (110g/day), and lowest in the treatment with 3% of LW of the basal diet and taro leaves ad libitum (84.4g/day). The average daily gain (ADG) among treatments was significantly different (P<0.05), and was poorest in the treatment 3% of basal diet-taro leaves ad libitum. There was no effect on ADG and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of including a mineral-vitamin premix when Taro leaves were also fed.

The second experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of taro silage (made from leaves and stem of Colocasia esculenta) and rice bran on the growth performance of common ducks. In total 80 common ducks were used, with ten treatments, two replicates and four ducks (balanced for sex) per replicate. The dietary treatments were arranged as a 5*2 completely random factorial design, with ingredient ratio (5) and feeding system (2) as factors. The basal diet was high protein rice bran supplemented by five levels of taro silage (20, 30, 40, 50, and 60%), fed to the ducks in mixed or separate form. The calcium oxalate content was reduced 2.45 times in the silage product compared to the concentration in fresh taro leaf (0.31 vs 0.76% DM basis, respectively). Ducks gained better when they were fed rice bran and taro silage in the "mixed system", and the ADG was significantly different from that in the "separate system" (P<0.05). The ADG was the same over a range of ratios of rice bran and taro silage, from 80:20 to 40:60, and was 8% higher when the feeds were given as a mixture rather than separately. Calcium oxalate in taro leaf-stem silage was lower than in fresh taro leaves. There was a positive effect on carcass quality (lower abdominal fat) from supplementing rice bran with taro silage.

For smallholder farmers in the Mekong delta there can be significant economic benefits from fattening common ducks using resources (rice bran and taro foliage) that are widely available in the region and of lower cost than commercial feeds.


As energy becomes an important source of power for national competitive force, not only Government administrations but also private sectors are striving to save energy. The purpose of this study is to compare and evaluate energy consumption of the corridor with and without window when improving the energy environment by installing door and window on the open area of entrance for one-side corridor type apartment. The energy usage was examined through this improvement process and the energy consumption amount was compared and analyzed by simulation before and after the installation. It is desired for this study to contribute to the government`s green remodeling project.


From 1999 to 2011,local ethnic universities have expanded massively in setting up undergraduate programs and degrees with remarkable disciplinary differences.In disciplinary structure,the pattern of strong liberal arts and weak sciences has been changed in undergraduate programs but not in distribution of specialties.The increased number and expanding scale of specialties in local ethnic universities have brought about problems of declining education quality of newly set up programs and overlapping programs.Related departments and local universities should adopt effective measures to adjust undergraduate program structure and uplift talent training quality of local ethnic universities.


The invention relates to a rubber wire sheath material which is characterized in that the wire insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of chlorinated polyethylene rubber, 4-8 parts of flame retardant, 60-100 parts of filler, 15-30 parts of plasticizer, 2-5 parts of cross-linking additive, 2-5 parts of peroxide crosslinking agent, 3-7 parts of stabilizer, 5-10 parts of active agent, 5-10 parts of reinforcing agent and 1-5 parts of coupling agent. The rubber wire sheath material has few toxic substances, good environmental protection performance and strong safety.