End-to-end learning of the communication system regards the transmitter, channel, and receiver as a neural network-based autoencoder. This approach enables joint optimization of both the transmitter and receiver and can learn to communicate more efficiently than model-based ones. Despite the achieved success, high complexity is the major disadvantage that hinders its further development, while low-precision compression such as one-bit quantization is an effective solution. This study proposed an autoencoder communication system composed of binary neural networks (BNNs), which is based on bit operations and has a great potential to be applied to hardware platforms with very limited computing resources such as FPGAs. Several modifications are explored to further improve the performance. Experiments showed that the proposed BNN-based system can achieve a performance similar to that of the existing neural network-based autoencoder systems while largely reducing the storage and computation complexities.


-Gradually most of the RC Structures are becoming structurally weak in their proposed life span; hence the structures are to be strengthened in order to increase the durability. There are many methods to strengthen the structure; however selecting the method of strengthening is also an important task. The strengthening of structure by GFRP sheet is a simple method comparative to other type of strengthening methods. Currently there is a no code of practice available in bureau of Indian Standard (IS) to recommend the strengthening procedure. This is relatively increasing the life span of the structures. This project includes the experimental study and also analytical study of RC members regarding flexural strength test and compression test. For the analytical study, ANSYS software is used, this software gives the results of above test which is almost similar to experimental study. So, this software may be use to study the behavior of heavily loaded structures.


Objective: The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of Propofol and Fentanyl with Propofol and Ketamine in conscious sedation for minor oral surgical procedures. Material and Method: 26 patients were randomly selected for the study and divided into two groups of 13 each. 13 patients were administered a combination of Propofol and Fentanyl during the minor oral surgical procedure and 13 patients were administered Propofol and Ketamine combination during the procedure. Throughout the procedure a note of the various hemodynamic parameters and oxygen saturation was made. Results: With regards to the hemodynamic parameters Propofol and Ketamine combination did not show much deviation in the heart rate. There was no appreciable difference in the systolic blood pressure on comparison of both the groups but diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in Propofol and Ketamine group. Mean oxygen saturation was also significantly higher in the Propofol and Ketamine group as compared to Propofol and Fentanyl group. Conclusion: As per results it was concluded that Propofol and Ketamine combination is a better alternative than Propofol and Fentanyl combination for conscious sedation.


Houses are built on sound footing and foundation to make them withstand any hardship in times of storms and other external challenges. The case of continuous professional development is no exception. Continuous professional development programmes that have sound footing prosper throughout their implementation. It is based on this universal fact that this research was conducted into discovering the structures and procedures that would favour the conduct of continuous professional development at the colleges of education. The research was qualitative with case study design and pooled participants from 4 selected colleges of education in the Volta Region of Ghana. Interviews were employed in gathering data from 4 Principals and open-ended questionnaire used for seeking information from 4 Vice Principals and 12 College Tutors. In the findings, the major structures needed for effective organisation of departmentalised continuous professional development at the colleges of education were functional departmental heads, professional development committee, academic planning and quality assurance committee, functional department, academic board, and proactive college management. In respect of infrastructure, faculty development fund, departmental conference hall, and internal policy in the domain. The procedures discovered include general sensitization about the programme, need assessment or skill and knowledge audit of staff, identification of competent resource persons, sourcing for funds, organizing professional development sections with effective supervision of components of the programme and conduct of post reviews for further planning. It was recommended that all colleges should have functional departments and departmental heads including departmental continuous professional development coordinators that would see to organisation of sessions of the continuous professional development.


The invention relates to a pressure-reduction shoulder belt. Spandex coated with nylon is used as warp, and nylon is used as weft. A closely-linked double weave is formed by interweaving of warp and weft, wherein weft density is 28-35 pieces/cm and linear density of spandex is within 280D. By the adoption of the closely-linked double weave formed by interweaving of spandex coated with nylon and nylon, the weft density is one time higher than weft density of an existing shoulder belt. The pressure-reduction shoulder belt provided by the invention has good flexibility, high elasticity and high-bearing elastic force.


Dynamic mechanical analyzer was used to investigate the hydrogen embrittlement of two Fe-Ni-Cr austenitic alloys with and without boron. The effects of boron, hydrogen and grain- boundary phases on internal friction of the alloys were analyzed. OM and SEM were used to observe the microstructures and grain-boundary phases. The results showed that abundant Ni3Ti (�) phases and a few carbides precipitated at grain boundaries in the alloy without boron, while only a few carbides precipitated at grain boundaries in the alloy with 0.008%B. Thermal hydrogen charging caused two new internal friction peaks at about 26 and 36 in the alloys with and without boron, respectively. And the peaks are resulted from the interaction between hydrogen atoms and the grain boundaries decorated by precipitates. Boron decreased the temperature and activation energy of the hydrogen-induced internal friction peak, so it is suggested that the inhibition of the grain-boundary phase precipitation by boron reduces the ability of grain boundary to trap hydrogen atoms. As a result, boron lowered the ductility loss of the alloy.


In this article, we study a recently proposed method for improving empirical security of steganography in JPEG images in which the sender starts with an additive embedding scheme with symmetrical costs of ±1 changes and then decreases the cost of one of these changes based on an image obtained by applying a deblocking (JPEG dequantization) algorithm to the cover JPEG. This approach provides rather significant gains in security at negligible embedding complexity overhead for a wide range of quality factors and across various embedding schemes. Challenging the original explanation of the inventors of this idea, which is based on interpreting the dequantized image as an estimate of the precover (uncompressed) image, we provide alternative arguments. The key observation and the main reason why this approach works is how the polarizations of individual DCT coefficients work together. By using a MiPOD model of content complexity of the uncompressed cover image, we show that the cost polarization technique decreases the chances of "bad" combinations of embedding changes that would likely be introduced by the original scheme with symmetric costs. This statement is quantified by computing the likelihood of the stego image w.r.t. the multivariate Gaussian precover distribution in DCT domain. Furthermore, it is shown that the cost polarization decreases spatial discontinuities between blocks (blockiness) in the stego image and enforces desirable correlations of embedding changes across blocks. To further prove the point, it is shown that in a source that adheres to the precover model, a simple Wiener filter can serve equally well as a deep-learning based deblocker.


Abstract : The angular dependence of the high field magnetoresistance anomaly in graphite is reported. The observed angular dependence is consistent with the functional form for the phase boundary of a charge density wave transition suggested Yoshioka and Fukuyama. Sharp periodic features in the resistivity occurring after the onset of the anomaly are reported.


The development of long-lasting and low-cost rechargeable batteries lies at the heart of the success of large-scale energy storage systems for various applications. Here, we introduce Fe- and Mn-based Na rechargeable battery cathodes that can stably cycle more than 3000 times. The new cathode is based on the solid-solution phases of Na4MnxFe3–x(PO4)2(P2O7) (x = 1 or 2) that we successfully synthesized for the first time. Electrochemical analysis and ex situ structural investigation reveal that the electrodes operate via a one-phase reaction upon charging and discharging with a remarkably low volume change of 2.1% for Na4MnFe2(PO4)(P2O7), which is one of the lowest values among Na battery cathodes reported thus far. With merits including an open framework structure and a small volume change, a stable cycle performance up to 3000 cycles can be achieved at 1C and room temperature, and almost 70% of the capacity at C/20 can be obtained at 20C. We believe that these materials are strong competitors for large-s...


M ost first-generation expert systems have been rule-based with a separate inference engine. However, a large unstructured collection of rules clearly lacks validity as a realistic model of design because reducing all knowledge to a single form does not recognize that there are many different types of knowledge used in any design problem-solving activity. Using such a collection of rules also does not recognize that design knowledge forms into clusters. Nor does it specify where or when this knowledge is to be applied, since different clusters ofknowledge may be applicable at different times. Similarly, using a single, central allpurpose inference engine ignores the richness of design problem-solving. Yet another problem is the potential for unfocused system behavior because all rules have equal status in the system and have equal potential for use. Many systems structure rules into sets. However, these sets are based on subtasks rather than on types of knowledge, 1-3 and the problem solving is still uniform, as the same inference engine acts on each rule set. Advocates of such structuring claim the subtasks can be solved linearly with no backtracking between tasks and with only minimal backtracking within tasks. Such subtask structure tells us more about the nature ofthe domain than about design, since it is clear that design decisions of any kind can often be wrong and, if so, will lead to attempts to recover from failure. The uniform rule representation and the lack of knowledge-dependent structure does not provide clear predictions about an expert's failure-recovery behavior. These problems stem mainly from a basic mismatch between the level of the tools available to build systems and the level of abstraction of the design task.


circumstance, appetites, greed, or ambition. In any case, immoral people should not be blamed for their choices. Also, if forces like ambition and circumstance and appetites are enough of an influence on behaviour to make immoral actions non-autonomous, why should not the factors of reason and perceptiveness about objective goods not be considered enough of an influence to make such choices non-autonomous? As Groarke states: "Good rebellion presupposes an objective scheme of values. If there is not criterion of truth or morality outside ourselves, our own subjective experiences become the final authority" (p. 240). But he also states that "[conformists lack agency. The source of their behaviour is outside themselves" (p. 248). It is difficult to see why choices that a person feels compelled to make for objective moral reasons are in any way more free than choices that a person feels compelled to make for reasons of circumstance, appetite, greed, or ambition. In either case the act is caused and it seems plausible to describe such acts as being determined by such causes. To add that I also just choose to do something in the case of moral acts seems like adding a cog to a machine that turns no other cog. The unique argument that Groarke constructs seems to beg the question, which he admits in his conclusion: "We have presupposed the existence of free will and have examined, at length, the concept of autonomy" (p. 253). In the end, this assumption gives Groarke's main argument a circular and repetitive feel. However, to be fair, he is certainly not alone in assuming the existence of free will. And, given this assumption, he manages to mount an interesting and provocative counter to those who attempt to base morality completely in a consideration of its benefits to self.


Reversible permeability of α-Iron containing nitrogen was measured in a weak bias field up to 2 Oe. A discontinuous increase of reversible permeability of a single crystal took place at a critical bias field owing to a stabilization effect of nitrogen atoms. This fact was explained in terms of the theory of the magnetic after effect proposed by Neel and the anisotropy energy coefficient ω was estimated from this measurement to be 2.6×10 -16 erg per atom.


The 21st-century skills (21CSs) such as Digital Age Literacy (DAL), Inventive Thinking (IT), High Productivity (HP), Effective Communication (EC), and Spiritual Values (SV) encompass various abilities that are essential for adapting to the demands of the modern era and ensuring future success. This research was conducted to determine the developmental levels of high school students' 21CSs and to understand the impact of some demographic characteristics on these skills. Data related to the developmental levels of high school students' 21CSs and some demographic characteristics (gender, financial status of the family, educational status of the mother, educational status of the father and type of high school graduated) were collected using the 21st-Century Skills Scale (21CSS) adapted into Turkish by Erkılıç (2020). The scale was converted into an online survey shape and administered to 200 high school students studying in some of General, Anatolian, Science, and Vocational High Schools in the Konya province during the 2021-2022 academic year. The statistical analysis of the obtained data was conducted using the SPSS 23.00 software. Descriptive statistical analyses were used for the demographic data, while parametric tests were employed to analyze the relationships between variables. According to the results of the statistical analysis, it was determined that most of the demographic characteristics of high school students did not have a significant impact on the 21CSs of the high school students. On the other hand, it has been determined that there is a statistically significant difference in the development levels of students' Digital Age Literacy and High Productivity skills based on the mother's educational status.


Located in the stratospheric layer of Earth's atmosphere, the high altitude platform station (HAPS) is a promising network infrastructure, which can bring significant advantages to sixth-generation (6G) and beyond wireless communications systems by forming vertical heterogeneous networks (vHetNets). However, if not dealt with properly, integrated networks suffer from several performance challenges compared to standalone networks. In harmonized integrated networks, where different tiers share the same frequency spectrum, interference is an important challenge to be addressed. This work focuses on an integrated HAPS-terrestrial network, serving users in an overlapped urban geographic area, and formulates a fairness optimization problem, aiming to maximize the minimum spectral efficiency (SE) of the network. Due to the highly nonconvex nature of the formulated problem, we develop a rapid converging iterative algorithm that designs the massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) beamforming weights and the user association scheme such that the propagated inter- and intra-tier interference is managed. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed algorithm's superiority over standalone terrestrial networks and scenario where only the beamforming weights are optimized.


This article reports the results from a study conducted to characterize the frictional properties of friction spun yarns. The aim of the study was to obtain data on the surface mechanical properties of a variety of friction spun yarns. The study was essential as the surface mechanical properties influence the fabric formation, bonding strength, and high-performance properties of yarns. The yarns used in the study were made from different fibers and were spun at different speeds. The capstan method was used to obtain the friction force values between the yarns and a glass cylindri- cal rod. The experiment was conducted at different tensions. The results indicate that the friction of friction spun yarns are influenced by different factors such as the type of fiber and tensions applied. The results obtained help to under- stand the surface mechanical properties of high-perfor- mance yarns and their influence on the performance char- acteristics of friction spun yarns. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2450 -2454, 2003


The Object-oriented method was used to analyze and design for the system,the database structure was established with the standard theory of the related database.The system and user's interface were programmed with Delphi 5.0.The system functions include SQL inquiry and editing database edition,prediction,cathodic protection design and calculation of potential and current distribution of the cathodic protection.The system has friendly interface and convenient operation.


The Food Additives Amendment of 19581 to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act2 had been the subject of considerable debate prior to its enactment on the day of adjournment of the last Congress. It has also been widely discussed in trade circles and the trade press since its passage, as well as in conferences sponsored jointly by interested industry groups and officials of the United States Food and Drug Administration of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the Department charged with the administration and enforcement of this Act. The general interest in this law as evidenced by these discussions suggests that the members of our Section (which includes the Division of Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Law) who are not primarily concerned with the detailed statutory requirements in this important field of law, might, nevertheless, find a general discussion of this Amendment and its legislative background of professional interest.


Proper gonadal function in mammals depends on gonadotropins secreted from the pituitary gland in a pulsatile manner. The hypothalamus, in turn, controls the secretion of gonadotropins by the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) into the portal circulation of the pituitary. The idea of brain control over the hypophysis was first postulated by Geoffrey Harris during the late 1940s and early 1950s (Harris, 1948). The evidence available at that time indicated that stimulation of the central nervous system, but not direct stimulation of the pars distalis or neural lobe, caused the release of adenohypophysial hormones. During the 1950s and 1960s, trophic substances were extracted from the brain of different species (Guillemin, 2005). These releasing factors obtained from the median eminence affected secretions of the pars distalis. The search for these releasing factors was lead by McCann, Schally and Guillemin (Guillemin and Rosenberg, 1955; McCann and Fruit, 1957; Rumsfeld and Porter, 1962; Saffran et al., 1955).


Along with our country's economic system reform and the increase of economic structure adjustment, the contradictions of the town employment increasingly stand out. The government should take the equilibrium of the macroscopic labor force supply as the first aim of social development.


Little is known about how CFTR, the Cl− channel that is mutated in cystic fibrosis, interacts with lipids. Abu-Arish et al. show that agents that stimulate salt and fluid secretion reduce CFTR lateral mobility and promote its clustering into ceramide-rich platforms, thereby increasing its surface expression.


Lichen amyloidosis (LA) is a form of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis that is associated with pruritic skincolored or hyperpigmented hyperkeratotic papules; these papules can coalesce to form plaques that often display a wavy pattern. The lesions are found mainly in the pretibial region, and generalized involvement is uncommon. Numerous approaches have been used to treat LA, although none has achieved a complete cure. We present a case of generalized LA that responded satisfactorily to narrowband UV-B therapy. The patient was a 69-year-old man with Fitzpatrick skin type III and a past history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and ischemic heart disease. He consulted for pruritic lesions on the trunk and extremities that had first appeared 4 years earlier and had been treated unsuccessfully with topical corticosteroids. A series of laboratory and additional tests were performed to screen for potential causes of the pruritus, and the patient did not present an underlying eczematous condition. Physical examination revealed slightly desquamating plaques formed of multiple hyperpigmented hemispheric papules, many of which had been eroded by scratching. The lesions affected the anterior and posterior surfaces of the arms and legs, abdomen, back, and buttocks, with a symmetrical bilateral distribution (Fig. 1). Histopathology revealed compact orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, irregular acanthosis, and deposits in the papillary dermis that caused widening of the papillae with lateral shift of the epidermal ridges. The deposits were composed of acellular, amorphous eosinophilic material with abundant fissures caused by retraction; the material fluoresced green with thioflavin T (Fig. 2). We thus confirmed the diagnosis of


Increasing ice loss of the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets (AIS, GrIS) due to global climate change affects the orientation of the Earth’s spin axis with respect to an Earth-fixed reference system (polar motion). Ice mass changes in Antarctica and Greenland are observed by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) in terms of time variable gravity field changes and derived from surface elevation changes measured by satellite radar and laser altimeter missions such as ENVISAT, CryoSat-2 and ICESat. Beside the limited spatial resolution, the accuracy of GRACE ice mass change estimates is limited by signal noise (meridional error stripes), leakage effects and uncertainties of the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) models, whereas the accuracy of satellite altimetry derived ice mass changes is limited by waveform retracking, slope related relocation errors, firn compaction and the density assumption used in the volume-to-mass conversion.

In this study we use different GRACE gravity field models (CSR RL06M, JPL RL06M, ITSG-Grace2018) and satellite altimetry data (from TU Dresden, University of Leeds, Alfred Wegener Institute) to assess the accuracy of the gravimetry and altimetry derived polar motion excitation functions. We show that due to the combination of individual solutions, systematic and random errors of the data processing can be reduced and the robustness of the geodetic derived AIS and GrIS polar motion excitation functions can be increased. Based on these investigations we found that AIS mass changes induce the pole position vector to drift along the 60° East meridian by 2 mas/yr during the study period 2003-2015, whereas GrIS mass changes cause the pole vector to drift along the 45° West meridian by 3 mas/yr.


How did the financial crisis impact on German demand? Are there significant differences in consumption behaviour depending on income? We analyse consumption data from 2005 to 2012/13 and find some indication for divergence of different income categories' consumption after 2009 and for a higher real interest rate sensitivity of higher income earners' consumption. Like in studies of income and wealth inequality, we also see a slight upward trend in consumption inequality that might have briefly staggered when the financial crisis hit.


: Clustering is the process of collecting similar data in to a group. Clustering is very important in various fields such as machine learning, pattern recognition and statistics. Clustering is a unsupervised learning technique. In this paper following clustering techniques have been discussed- K-Medoid, K-Means Clustering, DBSCAN clustering, IDBSCAN Hierarchical Clustering, OPTICS.


The government continues developing the smallholder beef cattle through various programs to reduce beef imports and increase farmers' income. This research aims to describe the role of social capital at the farmer group level in the development of smallholder beef cattle in Bengkulu. The research was conducted from August to December in 2020 with an in-depth interview method involving 3 farmer groups receiving beef cattle aid from the Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health of Bengkulu Province. The identification of social capital (norms, trusts, and networks) that affects the development of livestock populations and increases the capacity of farmer groups is analyzed descriptively using an interactive model. The results show that social capital has an important role in developing the capacity of the farmer groups to manage livestock aid, namely (1) the norm of raising livestock with a profit sharing system causes an increase farmer group's livestock population, (2) the trust of farmer groups members is influenced by social ties and the role of farmer group leader, and (3) a good network of cooperation within farmer groups increases social capital and livestock population.


In reset control systems, the reset law determines reset values at reset times. This paper considers the observer-based reset law design for uncertain systems with both nonlinear uncertainties and time-varying parameter uncertainties. A model predictive strategy is proposed to design the reset law by minimizing a quadratic performance index. The optimization problem is transformed into a linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) formulation, and the reset law is solved by using an LMI technique. The proposed approach is applied to a typical continuous stirred-tank reactor system to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.


Autocorrelation function method and wavelet transform are the classical pitch detection methods. The shortcomings of these methods are analyzed when they are used alone, on the basis of this, a new method combining improved autocorrelation function with weighted wavelet components is proposed. The improved autocorrelation function is used to compensate for the peaks of the traditional autocorrelation function. The components of multilevel wavelet transform are weighted to emphasize the fundamental frequency information. And then the two methods are combined to emphasize the peak at the position of the true pitch period. Experimental results show that compared with the classical methods, the method can decrease double frequency errors、half frequency errors and pseudo random point errors, the precision of the pitch detection is improved.


Many changes have taken place in foreign language teaching by using the multimedia approach, which not only improvesthe teaching efficiencies and make the teaching content colorful, but also increasingly becomesan necessary means and important method. However,multimedia English teaching, as a new and modern teaching approach, has itself disadvantages. These problems areprobed and the strategies of solving them arepresented in the paper.


The problems of the meaning and function of negation are disentangled from ontological issues with which they have been long entangled. The question of the function of negation is the crucial issue separating relevant and paraconsistent logics from classical theories.


Wulan and Zhu (16) have characterized the weighted Bergman space in the setting of the unit ball of C n in terms of Lipschitz type condi- tions in three different metrics. In this paper, we study characterizations of the harmonic Bergman space on the upper half-space in R n . Further- more, we extend harmonic analogues in the setting of the unit ball to the full range 0 < p < 1. In addition, we provide the application of characterizations to showing the boundedness of a mapping defined by a difference quotient of harmonic function.


In this paper,documents,questionnaires,interviews,mathematical statistics,logical analysis are used to survey and analyze the sports venues and facilities of the private colleges' in Shanxi Province,with strategies and recommendations in order to im-prove the the sports venues and facilities of the private colleges' rural school in Shanxi Province for reference.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: agent possesses antiprotozoal activity to Trichomonas vaginalis. The medicinal agent possessing antiprotozoal activity to Trichomonas vaginalis in a model system in vitro, represents a pine chlorophyll-carotene paste that shows trychomonadocidal and trychomonadostatic properties, and inhibits growth of Trichomonas vaginalis if used in certain concentration. EFFECT: effective antiprotozoal activity to Trichomonas vaginalis in a model system in vitro. 4 tbl, 3 ex


Workplace based assessment is in a difficult place. It has great theoretical importance as the only way to assess real day-to-day performance, and it has great practical importance as a means of direct observation and feedback. However, it is unpopular with many clinicians, does not command their confidence, and produces results with disappointing metrics. Crossley et al. listen to assessors who complain that they find the response scales poorly aligned to their idea of developing independence and sophistication. The authors evaluate a construct aligned scale and find very significantly improved metrics in three different contexts. This could be part of the answer.


The equations for measured parameters of cone are deduced based on the characteristic of four ordinate measurement system and measuring data. This paper provides the corresponding error data by analyzing all error sources of the system in detail. An error mathematic model is set up and some methods of revising these errors are presented.


The ever-increasing demand to stay in touch, to be able to communicate anywhere and anytime, has created a market for Low Earth Orbit (LEG) satellite communications services such as the Iridium System. The Iridium satellite communications network is being developed to support the needs of the passenger, the cabin crew and the flight crew. Iridium Communications LLC owns a network of satellites that provides a connection between mobile subscribers and gateway earth stations. The gateways provide connections to the public switched telephone network (PSTN), as well as to Aeronautical Gateway Subsystems (AGS). AGSs provide connections to packet data networks, and are used to initiate, ground to air "safety" voice calls.


In pressure sore wounds after spinal cord injury, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can be detected in 2% of the cases. The elimination of the germ is the aim of the treatment. Pressure sore wounds are an often found complication after spinal cord injury. For local treatment five commercially available antiseptics for the skin and mucous membrane were tested in vitro. The method used is a modified qualitative and quantitative suspension test. The antiseptics were tested without and with addition of 5% albumin in order to simulate the conditions of the wound in vivo. The results show a superior efficacy of the povidone-iodine preparations. Betadine, probably due to the higher concentration, is more efficacious than Braunol; chlorhexidine is sufficiently efficacious without the addition of albumin. These results still have to be confirmed by in vivo studies.


Summary Cohn fractions of normal human plasma were surveyed for erythropoietin activity by an in vivo and two in vitro assay systems. Fractions II + III, II + III W, and especially fraction III, were found to stimulate glucosamine incorporation and heme synthesis of marrow cells in culture. Log dose-log response regression lines of plasma fractions and of an erythropoietin standard were found to be parallel. Only traces of activity could be detected by the exhypoxic polycythemic mouse assay. Fraction III from several different sources and species was found to be active in vitro. A human fraction III was shown to have a different specific activity relative to a common erythropoietin standard in the two in vitro assays. Subfractionation of fraction III by extraction procedures demonstrated low stability for the activity measured by the 59Fe-heme assay, whereas it was possible to obtain without loss a preparation enriched in the activity stimulating glucosamine incorporation.


Increasement tendency of nitrite nitrogen in treated water of water treatment works was analysed. Result shows that the increasement of nitrite nitrogen has close relations with chlorination before filtration, and it is more obvious in settling tank and filter. The concentration of nitrite nitrogen in treated water can meet the water quality requirements in summer when chlorine dosage is at 1.0 mg/L before filtration.


Objective: To investigate the value of 64-slice spiral CT angiography(CTA) in the postoperative follow-up for intracranial aneurysms. Methods: From January 2009 to November 2009, 63 patients with aneurysm were operatived consecutively in the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College were collected, and the 63 patients were followed-up after operative with CTA using 64-slice helical CTA. Observations were done to judge whether the aneurysm is completely obliterated, whether the parent and distal artery is stenosis, whether the parent artery is occluded, whether there was cerebral infarction, artery vasospasm, hydrocephalus and recurrent aneurysm, the relationship between the parent artery and clips and the quantity and location of clips. Results: Sixty-three patients were confirmed with intracranial aneurysm, including 68 aneurysms. For these cases using 64-slice helical CTA could clearly reveal the occlusion of the aneurysms, the relationship between the parent artery and the clips and the quantity and location of aneurysm clips, the parent artery and vicinal artery are occluded, ventricle and brain matter reveal clearly. Conclusion: 64-slice helical CTA can be used as postoperative follow-up tool for the aneurysms treated by titanium clips. And it is convenient, cheap and low risk. It can provide more information.


Abstract Background The effect of transjugular intra-hepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement on renal function and the correlation of post-TIPS Cr with mortality remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of TIPS placement on renal function and to examine the relationship between post-TIPS Cr and mortality risk. Methods A total of 593 patients who underwent de novo TIPS placement between 2004 and 2017 at a single institution were included in the study. The pre-TIPS Cr level (T0; within 7 days before TIPS placement) and post-TIPS Cr levels, at 1–2 days (T1), 5–12 days (T2), and 15–40 days (T3), were collected. Predictors of Cr change after TIPS placement and the 1-year mortality rate were analysed using multivariable linear-regression and Cox proportional-hazards models, respectively. Results Overall, 21.4% of patients (n = 127) had elevated baseline Cr (≥1.5 mg/dL; mean, 2.51 ± 1.49 mg/dL) and 78.6% (n = 466) had normal baseline Cr (<1.5 mg/dL; mean, 0.92 ± 0.26 mg/dL). Patients with elevated pre-TIPS Cr demonstrated a decrease in post-TIPS Cr (difference, −0.60 mg/dL), whereas patients with normal baseline Cr exhibited no change (difference, <0.01 mg/dL). The 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortality rates were 13%, 20%, and 32%, respectively. Variceal bleeding as a TIPS-placement indication (hazard ratio = 1.731; P = 0.036), higher T0 Cr (hazard ratio = 1.834; P = 0.012), and higher T3 Cr (hazard ratio = 3.524; P < 0.001) were associated with higher 1-year mortality risk. Conclusion TIPS placement improved renal function in patients with baseline renal dysfunction and the post-TIPS Cr level was a strong predictor of 1-year mortality risk.


We contribute to the emerging literature on quality certification by digital platforms by studying the launch of the Airbnb Plus service, wherein the platform inspects properties and provides a badge that presumably signals the quality of the property and the reliability of the host. Our identification strategy relies on the fact that the Airbnb Plus service was launched in different cities at different times, and listings within the cities received the certification at different times. Using a staggered difference-in-differences estimation strategy in conjunction with suitable matching methods, we found that the Airbnb Plus certification increased the weekly booking rate of Plus listings by about 6.8% on average (direct effect). We also found some evidence that non-Plus listings saw a temporary decline in booking rate when one or more nearby properties received a Plus certification (externality effect). The net impact of the Airbnb Plus service on the platform itself was an annual increase in revenue of about $37,500 for the average 2-kilometer zone in a U.S. city that included one or more Plus listings, as compared to matched zones without any Plus listings (local platform effect). We performed additional analyses, including a randomized experiment, to demonstrate the robustness of our findings. Overall, our results suggest that platform-endorsed quality certification has significant economic impacts—not just on the listings that receive the certification but on other listings on the platform as well as on the platform itself.


Literary artefacts are more than commemorations of beloved literary characters and scenes: they significantly help to shape our identities as national and cultural subjects. Hannah Duston's seventeenth-century captivity narrative offers a fascinating example of how one narrative can be reproduced in many shapes and forms in order to support concepts of cultural and national identity. Her two-page narrative was first published in 1697 by Cotton Mather but eventually spawned several print text versions, a shoe company, a commemorative Jim Beam whiskey decanter, and a plethora of dime-a-dozen artefacts. Despite this vast number of visual and print reproductions, only one aspect of her narrative is repeatedly generated: Duston's slaughter and subsequent scalping of her Indigenous captors. I argue that Duston's captivity narrative successfully travels from seven- teenth-century Puritan print culture to contemporary mass culture because her narrative consistently supports colonial and neo-colonial ideals, respec- tively, concerning American identity and national duty. Resume ´ : Les artefacts litteraires sont plus que la commemoration de scenes et de personnages litteraires : ils aident de facon importante aforger nos identites en tant que sujets nationaux et culturels. Le narratif de Hannah Duston sur la captiviteau dix-septieme siecle offre un exemple fascinant de la facon dont un narratif peut etre reproduit sous plusieurs formes afin de soutenir le concept d'identiteculturelle et nationale. Son narratif de deux pages a d'abord etepublieen 1697 par Cotton Mather, mais il a par la suite servi adiverses versions imprimees, une entreprise de souliers, un service awhisky commemoratif Jim Beam, et une multitude d'artefacts qu'on retrouve partout. Malgrece grand nombre de reproductions visuelles et imprimees, seulement un aspect de son narratif est souvent reproduit : le massacre et le scalpage subsequent par Duston de ses geoliers indigenes. Je fais valoir que le narratif sur la captivitede Duston traverse avec succes


Capsicum frutescens L. contain a large vitamin C, which is easily changed by the temperature and time of processing. Factors such as blanching temperature (80C 85C 90C), blanching time (2 minutes 4 minutes 6 minutes 8 minutes 10 minutes) and drying temperature (50C 55C 60C) were surveyed. The results showed that blanching at 80°C for 4 minutes is optimal when that amount of vitamin C loss of about 19.4% and organoleptic norms such as color, texture, and smell good. According to the Vietnamese standard TCVN 321579 of the product reaching 18.7/ 20 points and classified as good, the overall sensory score was assessed. The product is then dried when the drying temperature at the optimal temperature is 55C; the drying time is about 11 hours to get the dried chili product with the moisture content of 8% storage, the loss of vitamin C is about 89.7 % compared with blanching, the product's overall organoleptic score reached 18.1, then the product was classified as good.


An acrylate emulsion with a graded core-mesosphere-shell structure has been synthesized by multi-stage emulsion polymerization,and the main factors affecting the core-shell structure of the polymer particles have been discussed.The experimental results show that use of multi-stage emulsion polymerization allows the synthesis of a graded core(hard)-shell(soft) emulsion with a hard monomer (methyl methacrylate) and a soft polymer(butyl acrylate) and the minimum film forming temperature(MFT) can be reduced significantly.Emulsifiers can be well distributed at different stages by means of shell pre-emulsification which can improve the stability of the system,and avoid the formation of new small particles in the subsequent reaction process.When the amount of emulsifier is 3%(based on the amount of monomer),the coagulation rate is only 1% and the particle size is about 100 nm with a narrow distribution.The structure of the polymer particles was analyzed using a particle size analyzer and by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),which clearly demonstrate the presence of the graded core-mesosphere-shell structure.


The dynamics of organic waste decomposition in the soil can be described by nonlinear regression models, however, the theory for regression models is valid for sufficiently large samples, and in general, in small samples, these properties are unknown. One of the methods for data analysis that has been widely used to overcome this problem is the bayesian inference, as it has the advantage of being able to work with small samples, in addition to allowing the incorporation of information from previous studies, and even having a probability distribution for the parameters, consequently, to present a direct interpretation for the credibility interval. However, criticism has been made because of the effect that a prior subjective distribution can have on posterior distribution. One way of determining objective prior is through of maximum entropy prior distributions. For data of organic waste decomposition in the soil, little is known about the probability distributions of the parameters. The present study aimed to use of maximum entropy prior distributions to the parameters of the Stanford & Smith nonlinear model. In addition, using simulated data, to understand the effect that hyperparameters of prior distribution has on the posterior curve, and also to apply the methodology in the description of CO2 mineralization data from swine manure applied to the soil surface. Data analyzed came from an experiment conducted in a laboratory that evaluated the carbon mineralization of swine manure on the soil surface over time. The posterior distributions were obtained, so the bayesian methodology with maximum entropy prior was efficient in the study of the Stanford & Smith nonlinear model to the data of carbon mineralization of swine manure on the soil surface.


Spatial uniformity of high resolution laser writer copy is analyzed using PC-based image processing techniques. These techniques are shown to provide a simple characterization of the laser writer through its output copy.


Abstract Corporate image-making has long been recognized as one of the keys in understanding the rise of big business enterprises in the early twentieth century. 1 The use of photography for these purposes in nineteenth- century America, however, is a topic which has received much less attention than it deserves. Two exceptions are Mary Panzer's treatment of photography and advertising at mid-nineteenth century and David Nye's work on photography at the General Electric Company at the end of the century. My own interest in this subject has come from my current work on industrial fairs and international expositions, particularly the 1893 Chicago World's Columbian Exposition.3 In this article I want to focus on the use of photography for corporate display at the 1893 Chicago Exposition in order to show some of the complexities of the corporate image-making process. The innovative efforts by officials to mould a unified story of transportation for the 1893 Chicago Exposition collided with corporate expectations of its exhibitors. The challenge of exhibiting within this new context were met in substantially different ways by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and the Pennsylvania Railroad.


The objective of this work is to develop a first-of-its-kind platform technology for in-situ and rapid wellbore strengthening as well as zonal isolation for geothermal wells such as EGS developments. Building on our recently elucidated scientific principles (https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b01756), the core of our technology uses functionalized graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) embedded in suitable solutions (e.g. drilling fluids or high performance polymers), which will be irradiated with a microwave (MV) downhole tool for rapid curing. In drilling applications, the nanoscale functionalize GNRs dispersed in the drilling fluid will diffuse deep inside the rocks and dramatically enhance the mechanics of the entire rock via effective curing and reinforcement. In completion applications, the polymer solutions with GNRs break into crumpled (flexible) bags attached to a downhole tool, significantly expanding them to conformably cover the rough wellbore walls, followed by MV curing. In both applications, the functionalized GNRs act as electromagnetic antenna for efficient absorption of MV, and rapid and in-situ polymer curing. This platform technology allows effective prevention of wellbore instability on-the-fly as the drill bit advances, and also enables rapid and in-situ isolation of the multiple fracture zones, demonstrating a significant first-step in wellbore strengthening, sealing and zonal isolation for EGS and broader complex wells. This R&D combine the fundamentals of cutting-edge materials science, polymer chemistry, and advanced engineering followed by thorough testing in lab-simulated environments that are tailored to improve drilling efficiency and zonal isolations in openholes of EGS conditions.


A chip card protective cap assembly is applied for covering a chip card on a housing. The chip card protective cap assembly comprises a protective cap, a first magnet and a second magnet. The protective cap can be fixed on the housing in a rotatable way. The magnetic force between the first magnet and the second magnet drives the protective cap to rotate relative to the housing so as to cover or expose the chip card. The utility model further provides an electronic device.


An apparatus for forming an ordered group of packs (10) from a plurality of in the pack rows (18) side by side and stacked cuboidal or cubic packs (11), especially soft packs, such as paper handkerchief packs, on a feed conveyor (12) a collection station (17) with several pack receptacles (49) fed and to form a pack row (18) in a positioned on a collecting plane packing seat (49) of the collecting station (17) are insertable, wherein the packing holders (49) of the collecting station (17) are jointly lifted, so that a positioned of several in above the collection plane superimposed pack receptacles (49) located pack rows (18) existing pack group (10) is formed and completely in the horizontal plane of the collecting station (17) is conveyed away, characterized by the following features: a) each pack receptacle (49) comprises at least two supporting members (50), in particular angular profiles, which are arranged at a distance from each other so that the packs (11) (only in the region of the opposite package ends on the supporting members 50) of the pack receptacle (49) lie, b) the supporting members (50) are attached to each other ...


The Levi geometry at weakly pseudoconvex boundary points of domains in C-n, n >= 3, is sufficiently complicated that there are no universal model domains with which to compare a general domain. Good models may be constructed by bumping outward a pseudoconvex, finite- type Omega subset of C-3 in such a way that: (i) pseudoconvexity is preserved, (ii) the (locally) larger domain has a simpler defining function, and (iii) the lowest possible orders of contact of the bumped domain with partial derivative Omega, at the site of the bumping, are realized. When Omega subset of C-n, n >= 3, it is, in general, hard to meet the last two requirements. Such well-controlled bumping is possible when Omega is h-extendible/semiregular. We examine a family of domains in C-3 that is strictly larger than the family of h-extendible/semiregular domains and construct explicit models for these domains by bumping.


Ancient Beach sediments at relatively high elevations above the present sea-level is a common feature in the north coast of the NW Iberian Peninsula. These beach levels usually correspond to Pliocene–Holocene sea-level highstands. In this work, we study a sequence of three beach levels, interbeded with organic-rich layers, at elevations between 3.45 and 4.4 m above the present spring high tide level and that were interpreted as storm crests deposited in the last 1600 yr. The area of study is a narrow embayment in a rocky coastal sector in the cantabrian coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The beach levels are at the top of a complex sedimentary cliff that today shows an erosive, vertical profile. Grain-size and morphometric analysis was carried out on the beach levels and two AMS C14 dates were obtained, one at the base of the lowest beach level (1590-1736 yr. cal BP) and other in the organic rich level below the second highest beach (565-587 yr. cal BP). The uppermost beach level was not dated by C14 because is too young. Results suggest that the evolution of this sector is related with changes in the morphodynamic environment by a combination of variations in the sediment supply and in the wave energy. The only possible source of sediment for beaches was the erosion by the Holocene rising sea-level of the ancient deposits now forming a cliff at the back of the embayment At least in the last 1600 yr, the cliff-beach system experienced a process of adjustment to the present sea-level, and after sea-level stabilization the cliff-beach retreated with a high rate of sediment supply, through several episodes of increased wave energy that constructed the beach crests. The erosion of the cliff continued and a reduction in the sediment supply lead to the reorganization of the present beach inside the embayment.


The authors apply the concept of over-the-cell routing to the global routing problem in leaf cell synthesis. A cell layout is divided into 5 routing regions in the model. The global routing problem can be formulated to route those critical net segments over the diffusions or the middle channel such that the overall cell height is minimum. The routing of transmission gates has been a problem because it produces a cyclic constraint in the middle channel. A new routing pattern is proposed which is cyclic free for transmission gate connections. In this approach, tree patterns are generated for each net. Then, the global routing is modeled and solved as an integer linear programming problem. Finally, the detailed routing of the cell layout is completed. All the cell benchmarks were solved in very short time. In comparison with previous results, the approach produced denser layouts.<<ETX>>


The spectral characteristics of the Ti:Al2O3 laser are examined, and it is shown how the coupling of the electronic energy levels of the Ti(3+) ions to the photons of the host sapphire crystal results in broad tunability. Attention is then given to the growth of large high-quality Ti:Al2O3 crystals and to the design of a tunable Ti:Al2O3 laser for an agile-beam optical radar. The generation and application of short pulses (approximately 100 fs) with high peak intensities (greater than 10 to the 18th W/sq cm) is discussed as an example of an application in which the properties of Ti:Al2O3 are particularly beneficial. 38 refs.


Understanding vehicle choice and utilization is increasingly considered in addressing motorcycle-related challenges by policymakers. However, the linkage between the discrete-continuous decisions has not been examined across income groups. This study measures the interdependence between vehicle choice and utilization for income groups in a Vietnamese medium-sized city. Model estimation results show that contributing factors to households' motorcycle ownership include individual and household characteristics and some aspects of the built environment. However, differences exist in motorcycle ownership and utilization between low- and medium-income groups. Results from this study may suggest that households may be more likely to buy an extra motorcycle as their incomes increase and this may generate more motorcycle-related issues in the future. On the positive side, we found that the non-motorized mobility resources available in the low-income group played a key role in reducing motorcycle ownership and usage. Therefore, we suggest that medium-sized cities should develop cycling infrastructure to facilitate the mobility of low-income groups as well as promote well-established travel behavior from cyclists; then, they may be less willing to switch to motorized vehicles as their income increases.


ABSTRACT There is a very close relationship between substance abuse and delinquent and eventually criminal behaviour. The article covers the causes of adult and youth use of substance abuse leading to crime and then concentrates on both adults and youths separately. Factors such as gender and race are also associated with criminal activities resulting from, or associated with, substance abuse. The victims of substance abuse are not only those who are robbed, but also those in domestic violence. Efforts are made to prevent and treat the problem. There is however, no easy route in this area. Not all crimes are committed under the influence of drugs or due to drug taking, but many are committed for this reason. The reliance on drugs lowers inhibitions and rational thinking and once the individual has been addicted, there is a need to continue a career of crime, in order to satisfy the habit.


Abstract : Text mining was used to extract technical intelligence from the open source global nanotechnology and nanoscience research literature. An extensive nanotechnology/ nanoscience-focused query was applied to the Science Citation Index/ Social Science Citation Index (SCI/ SSCI) databases. The nanotechnology/ nanoscience research literature technical structure (taxonomy) was obtained using computational linguistics, document clustering, and factor analysis. The nanotechnology/ nanoscience research literature infrastructure (prolific authors, key journals/ institutions/ countries, most cited authors/ journals/ documents) for each of the clusters generated by the document clustering algorithm was obtained using bibliometrics. Another novel addition was the use of phrase auto-correlation maps to show technical thrust areas based on phrase co-occurrence in Abstracts, and the use of phrase-phrase cross-correlation maps to show technical thrust areas based on phrase relations due to the sharing of common co-occurring phrases. The use of factor matrices quantified further the strength of the linkages among institutions and among countries, and validated the copublishing networks shown graphically on the maps. The ~400 most cited nanotechnology papers since 1991 were grouped, and their characteristics generated. Whereas the main analysis provided technical thrusts of all nanotechnology papers retrieved, analysis of the most cited papers allowed their unique characteristics to be displayed.


Areview on thermal power plant automation development in China over 50 years is presented.The level of thermal power automation is introduced, especially for 200 MW and above units which are clarified into three categories by grade. The conditions, existing problems, relevant solutions and policies are summarized chronologically in aspects of centralized control, automatic regulation and controllability of main and auxiliary units, turbine control system, furnace security protection, and computer application in thermal power plants. This paper also points out the development tendency of thermal power plant automation and concepts of some vocabularies.


Space Motion Sickness (SMS) was reported on the second orbit of the second manned flight. Almost five decades later there is no satisfactory etiology [1]. Virtually all approaches to the problem to date are based on the concept of motions which produce conflicting responses from different sensory modalities. [1,2] Characteristic symptoms are triggered by such sensory conflicts through vestibular inputs to the chemoreceptor trigger zone Both symptoms and courses of motion sickness (MS) and SMS differ. SMS symptoms are consistent with demonstrated otolith organ function [3] and observed and recorded inflight effects [4]. The crux of vestibular effects of weightlessness is inherent in the graviceptor sensors of the otolith organs. Functionally they are weighted single axis pendulum accelerometers, spring loaded to a neutral position in the absence of displacing force. Thousands of these transducers are arranged geometrically to sense any orientation of the head to gravity. In weightlessness the variously oriented sensors all indicate a gravity vector normal to their mounting axis. This produces an intrinsic single modality sensory conflict which causes a paresis of the gastro-intestinal tract and produces the episodic vomiting and other symptoms characteristic of primary SMS. [5] Also, in weightlessness the otolithic sensors cannot produce their usual signals in response to angular head motion. This produces a bimodal sensory conflict with semi-circular canal signals, even with normal head motions and probably accounts for the characteristic of MS sometimes seen in SMS [2]. Thus weightlessness causes anomalous otolithic signals with both an intrinsic conflict and a bimodal motion dependent conflict. These produce differing symptoms apparently through different connections to the gastrointestinal system [4].


Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common poorly prognosed virulent neoplasms of the digestive system. In this study, we identified novel biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis of HCC aiming to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for HCC. Methods: Gene expression profiles of GSE62232, GSE84402,GSE121248 and GSE45267 were obtained in GEO database. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and normal samples were identified using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software.Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were used to carry out enrichment analysis on gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and visualized by Cytoscape. Expressions and prognostic values of hub genes were validated through Kaplan-Meier plotter, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), the Human Protein Atlas Database (HPA), western blot (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Additionally, potential small molecule drugs were screened by Connectivity Map (CMAP). Results: A total of 100 overlapped DEGs were detected and results showed 23 of which were up-regulated with the rest being down-regulated. STRING screened the 70 edges and the 199 nodes in the PPI network. Survival analysis showed that aberrant mRNA expression of TOP2A, DTL, ANLN, CDKN3, BUB1B, CDK1, PBK, RRM2, RACGAP1, PRC1, NEK2, ECT2, CCNB1, HMMR, ASPM was significantly associated with a low survival rate. Results of WB and qRT-PCR showed that the expression levels of ANLN, CCNB1, DTL, RACGAP1, RRM2 and TOP2A were all increased in HCC tissues. Furthermore, CMAP predict suggest the 10 most vital small molecule drugs could reverse the progression of HCC. Conclusions: Core DEGs (ANLN, CCNB1, DTL, RACGAP1, RRM2 and TOP2A) with poor prognosis and candidate drugs for HCC treatment were identified through integrated bioinformatic analysis.This study will contribute to providing prognostic biomarker and therapeutic strategies in HCC. Background : Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common poorly prognosed virulent neoplasms of the digestive system. In this study, we identified novel biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis of HCC aiming to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for HCC. Methods : Gene expression profiles of GSE62232, GSE84402,GSE121248 and GSE45267 were obtained in GEO database. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and normal samples were identified using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software.Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were used to carry out enrichment analysis on gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and visualized by Cytoscape. Expressions and prognostic values of hub genes were validated through Kaplan-Meier plotter, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), the Human Protein Atlas Database (HPA), western blot (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Additionally, potential small molecule drugs were screened by Connectivity Map (CMAP). Results : A total of 100 overlapped DEGs were detected and results showed 23 of which were up-regulated with the rest being down-regulated. STRING screened the 70 edges and the 199 nodes in the PPI network. Survival analysis showed that aberrant mRNA expression of TOP2A, DTL, ANLN, CDKN3, BUB1B, CDK1, PBK, RRM2, RACGAP1, PRC1, NEK2, ECT2, CCNB1, HMMR, ASPM was significantly associated with a low survival rate. Results of WB and qRT-PCR showed that the expression levels of ANLN, CCNB1, DTL, RACGAP1, RRM2 and TOP2A were all increased in HCC tissues. Furthermore, CMAP predict suggest the 10 most vital small molecule drugs could reverse the progression of HCC. Conclusions : Core DEGs (ANLN, CCNB1, DTL, RACGAP1, RRM2 and TOP2A) with poor prognosis and candidate drugs for HCC treatment were identified through integrated bioinformatic analysis.This study will contribute to providing prognostic biomarker and therapeutic strategies in HCC.


How do religiousness and spirituality influence older peoples' ability to cope with the stresses and losses of late life? Each of the five studies in this issue addresses some aspects of this question. Rather than a single definitive answer, these authors offer a more nuanced view in this human phenomenon, consistent with the perspective expressed in the special issue on religion, spirituality, and health of American Psychologist (Miller & Thoreson, 2003). Research on the effects of religion and spirituality has thankfully moved beyond simplistic skirmishes between those advocating that religion is good and those arguing that religion is bad. The more recent dichotomy between good spirituality and bad religiousness has also proved to be less than useful in advancing our understanding in that it ". . . overlooks the potentially helpful and harmful sides of both religion and spirituality . . ." (Hill & Pargament, 2003, pp. 64-65). The interconnectedness between spirituality and religiousness as well as the complexity of their positive and negative effects on various aspects of well-being among different samples of older adults are well illustrated by the findings in these five papers. Among nursing home residents, Branco found that participation in religious activities and drawing strength from faith generally were positively associated with the social functioning of both African Americans and Whites. However, among cognitively impaired Whites, religious activities were negatively associated with social functioning. In a community sample of older people, Wink, Dillon, and Prettyman found that when confronted with poor health, both religiousness and spiritual seeking protect older women, but not men, from a loss of their sense of control. In keeping with this pattern of helpful and harmful effects, Roff, Durkin, Sun, and Klemmack found that both church attendance and spiritual experience were positively but only marginally related to well-being, and that frequency of


Non‐AIDS‐associated chronic diseases in HIV+ patients have been on the rise since the advent of antiretroviral therapy. Especially cardiovascular diseases and disruption in the gastrointestinal tract have limited health‐related quality of life (QoL). Several of those complications have been associated with chronic systemic inflammation. Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA), with propionate as one of the major compounds, have been described as an important link between gut microbiota and the immune system, defining the pro‐ and the anti‐inflammatory milieu through direct and indirect regulation of T‐cell homeostasis. The effects of dietary supplementation of sodium propionate (SP) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) have not yet been investigated prior to this study.


A reset mechanism in controller can affect the stability property of a closed loop control system. In a simple word, there are stable reset control systems with unstable base‐systems and also unstable reset systems with stable base‐systems. The Lyapunov stability theory is a strong tool to investigate the stability of a nonlinear system. In this paper, based on the well‐known Lyapunov stability concept, some stability conditions for nonlinear reset control systems are addressed. These conditions are dependent on the reset‐times and hence the reset‐time intervals are explicitly emerged in the stability conditions. Some applications of these results are used in numerical examples to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


2. Main runner types and runner design The main type of runner systems used in the high pressure diecasting of aluminium are the following: Vertical runner system Runner system with V shape Horizontal runner system In the figures 2.1.and 2.2. are presented the vertical gating systems and the determination of the different cross sections of the gating system. The disadvantage of this type of runner systems is that the filling of the cavities is consecutive, wich can give differences from quality point of view for the parts resulted in the different cavities.


Introduction: Physiotherapy has an important role in cancer rehabilitation, particularly with the head and neck cancer patients, in an attempt to minimize the morbidities caused by the disease and its treatment. Objective: To determine the role of physiotherapy treatment in morbidities of head and neck cancer, in a retrospective investigation, at one oncologic hospital. Materials and methods: Retrospective study based on the analysis of medical records of 32 patients treated at the outpatient Physiotherapy department at the Brazilian Institute of Cancer Control (IBCC), from August 2008 to July 2010. Results: Twenty-nine medical records were evaluated, 86.2% were males with cancer in the oral cavity (41.4%) that had radical neck dissection (69%) and radiotherapy (86.2%), evolving with lymphedema (89.7%), pain (82.8%), normotrophic scar (65.5%), tissue adherence (27.6%) and hypoesthesia (51.7%). The physiotherapeutic treatment included: manual lymphatic drainage (89.7%), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS; 51.7%), mechanical massage therapy (37.9%), stretching exercises (79.3%) and patient education (100%). The results showed a reduction of pain and lymphedema, increased normotrophic scars and normoesthesia, with an average of 19.3 ± 14.5 sessions and treatment discharge of 65.5%. Conclusion: Physical therapy in morbidities of head and neck cancer was effective in reducing pain and lymphedema, combining manual lymphatic drainage, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), mechanical massage therapy, stretching exercises and patient education, with an average of 19 sessions and discharge after treatment.


When, in 1834 Lord Macauley called on Cardinal Wiseman at the Venerable English College in Rome, he was most surprised to find the cardinal's room fitted out in the English style and very like the rooms of a senior fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. On the same occasion Macauley was introduced to Lords Clifford and Shrewsbury and thought them not at all what he imagined Catholics of old family to be: proud and stately and with an air of being men of rank but not of fashion. John Henry Newman, too, had a notion that the old English Catholic gentry moved silently and sorrowfully about and lived in old-fashioned houses of gloomy appearance, closed in with high walls, iron gates and yew trees, cut off from the populous world around them. On his entry into 'the narrow community of the English Catholics', the other future cardinal, Henry Edward Manning, said he felt as if he 'had got into St. James's Palace in 1687. It was as stately as the House of Lords …' These reactions show that Macauley, Newman and Manning cannot have come across many English Catholic gentlemen before and that they had gained very little idea of the social history of English Catholicism, however much they may have learned about its political and ecclesiastical past. This paper will point out what they should, and might easily, have picked up.


We study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics induced by a local perturbation in fracton field theory. For the ${\mathbb Z}_4$ and ${\mathbb Z}_8$-symmetric free fractonic theories, we compute the time dynamics of several observables such as the two-point Green function, $\langle \phi^2\rangle$ condensate, energy density, and the dipole momentum. The time-dependent considerations highlight that the free fractonic theory breaks causality and exhibits instantaneous signal propagation, even if an additional relativistic term is included to enforce a speed limit in the system. For the theory in finite volume, we show that the fracton wave front acquires fractal shape with non-trivial Hausdorff dimension, and argue that this phenomenon cannot be explained by a simple self-interference effect.


The structure of rzeppa uniersal joint is various which makes manual programming to be difficult,low efficiency and easy to make mistakes.In order to solve the problem,using the Visual C + + as the development tool,combined w ith OpenGL softw are,the automatic programming system for NC machining rzeppa uniersal joint w as reaserched.According to the request of system,the overall framew ork w as designed;The DXF file w as analysed,the diagram data w as extracted,and the outline of universal joint w as visualization.Based on contour analysis,automatic identification and extraction,combined w ith machining technic,the automatic generation of NC machining code w as achieved.


A recently developed storm impact scale considers the elevation of wave runup relative to the elevation of two geomorphic parameters on barrier islands: 1) a threshold elevation, either the elevation of the foredune ridge or, if no dune is present, the elevation of the beach berm, (denoted by Dh;gh) and 2) the elevation of the base of the dune, the transition between water-laid sand of the beach and eolian deposits of the dune (denoted by Dlow) (Sallenger, 2000) (Figure 1). In the absence of a foredune ridge, Dhigh = Dlow are equivalent. When compared to runup, D^jgh and DIOW describe the nature and relative magnitude of coastal change that can be expected to occur during severe storms (Sallenger et al., 2000). For example, barrier islands with low elevations are potentially more susceptible to ovenvash and inundation than higher areas.


CO2 capture from post combustion does not need significant alteration of the current power generation facilities and is therefore of more interests to the research and industrial circles. Polymeric membrane separations, which are based mainly on physical phenomena, are easy for operation and to scale up. The details and future research trends are covered in this most updated review, which serve as an excellent technique reference for the research circle and technology evaluation for the related industrial circle.


The authors model the polymer as a self-avoiding walk on a semi-infinite square lattice with an energy contribution - in from each step along the lattice boundary. The critical adsorption temperature Ta and the 'ordinary' and 'special' surface exponents of the walk above and at the adsorption temperature, respectively, are estimated with transfer-matrix finite-size scaling methods. For the adsorption temperature they obtain exp( in /kTa)=2.041+or-0.002, and for the crossover and susceptibility exponents of the special transition, phi sp=0.501+or-0.003 and gamma 1sp=1.454+or-0.004.


The paper presents a new technique in the field of magnetic levitation used in conjunction with linear propulsion systems, which uses combined generation of forces for levitation, propulsion, and guidance. Main feature is the application of a synchronous linear motor with an active guide-way integrated into the suspension system. As an immediate consequence of the twofold utilisation of the magnetic field, substantial savings in materials and power requirement are obtained. A pilot plant set up to test the concept is described.


The following summary is intended to cover the period from July, 1914, to June, 1915, inclusive. That it is at all complete I hardly dare to hope: the circumstances of the year have rendered the task of compilation peculiarly difficult, and I can but claim to have done my best to render the account as full and as accurate as I could with the materials accessible to me. General.—Of the great collections of inscriptions the only one which has made progress during the period under review is, so far as my knowledge goes, the Inscriptiones Graecae ad res Romanas pertinentes, to which has been added a fresh fascicule containing 313 texts, some of which come from the islands off the S.W. coast of Asia Minor (Cos, Nisyrus, Syme, Chalce, Rhodes, Carpathus), while the greater number belong to Lydia.


The study was undertaken to optimize process for developing dahi by enriched with coconut aqueous extract and its effects on sensory attributes, physico-chemical aspects, microbial aspects and shelf life. Dahi, the Indian curd, is a well-known fermented milk product consumed by large section of the population throughout the country. Coconut aqueous extract is lactose free, unlike cow milk, and can be used as a milk substitute by those with lactose intolerance. Coconut aqueous extract and fat is an excellent source for preparation of filled milk, infant formulae and margarine. The sensory scores awarded for overall acceptability of dahi was 8.33 for control as against 8.16, 8.33 and 8.00 for 5, 10 and 15 per cent coconut aqueous extract levels respectively. The dahi with 10 per cent coconut aqueous extract secured highest average flavor, body and consistency and sensory scores compared to other level per cent coconut aqueous extract. Addition of coconut aqueous extract level at 10 per cent was found to be optimum because it improves better texture and consistency compared to other samples. Further increase in the level of incorporation of coconut aqueous extract, the sensory scores were reduced and quality of product was unsatisfactory with showing significantly lower score of colour and appearance due to dull appearance with thick viscous body and pronounced coconut oil flavour.


DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180241 Medical societies are important and strong institutions in our country. We can take as an example the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, SBC), of which most of those reading this text are members. I have never done corporate politics, but I follow it with interest. I am impressed by the determination observed in the fierce disputes between competitors at election time.


The supervisor job analysis process was initially developed in a large US fast food chain for establishing selection criteria. As supervisors started using this tool, their interest and enthusiasm led the firm to expand it beyond its original purpose to include the other components of performance. The process is discussed and its use by line management in developing job evaluation dimensions, selection criteria, performance appraisal and identifying training needs is described. Finally, the implementation process and effectiveness of the programme is assessed.


There is a necessity to protect and manage the marine ecosystem towards the conservation of the ecological equilibrium and in turn the sustainability of the fishery resources in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Marine stock enhancement (MSE) proved that releasing hatchery fingerlings of marine animals can improve the abundance of harvest beyond the level supported by natural recruitment. For such programme to be beneficial and economical, considerable investment and scientific efforts are required. Among the concerned entities in the United Arab Emirates, the Aquaculture and Marine Studies (AMSC) in Abu Al Abyad Island successfully released 59 million of juveniles of different finfish species and 96 million juveniles of prawn species in Abu Dhabi waters. In the context of conserving the ecological equilibrium, the AMSC was able to plant an area of 5,026 ha in various areas of Abu Dhabi Emirate with grey mangrove, Avicennia marina; culturing over 21,290 corals of Acropora sp., Porites sp., Cyphastrea sp and Psammocora sp. in an area of 0.5 ha nurseries in Abu Al Abyad and Yasat Islands which will later be transplanted in the degraded reef sites in both islands; and a well-established seagrass coverage of 2500 m2 was achieved in affected areas in Abu Al Abyad Island.


Due to high unit capacities, electric arc furnaces are among the receivers that significantly affect the power system from which they are supplied. Arc furnaces generate a number of disturbances to the power grid, including fast-changing voltage fluctuations causing the phenomenon of flickering light, asymmetry, and deformation of the voltage curve. The main issues discussed in the article are problems related to the distortion of current and voltage waveforms, resulting from the operation of electric arc furnaces. An analysis of the indices characterizing the voltage distortion recorded in the supply network of the arc furnaces is presented. The changes in the range of current and voltage waveform deformation in individual smelting phases in the arc furnace are also presented. Furthermore, the changes in the degree of deformation of the current and voltage waveforms in the individual smelting phases in an arc furnace are presented. A multi-voltage electric arc model used in computer simulations is proposed.


A recently proposed technique for the calibration of constitutive models is based on the optimization problem expressed such that the state equation is incorporated via an additional costate field. A distinct advantage is that error control is formally straightforward. This technique is applied to calibration of a nonlinear elastic composite using a meso-macro-transition approach, whereby the RVE is analyzed using (in this case) Dirichlet boundary conditions. The numerical results show the effectivity of the error prediction.


For many years, filterbank have been widely used as one step of frontend feature extraction for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). In this paper, we propose a unified framework for ASR frontends, by first moving the nonlinear amplitude scaling, and then combining the filterbank weights with the cosine basis vectors. As part of this framework, we also show that the delta terms used to encode feature dynamics can also be viewed as one realization of a set of "unified" basis vectors over time. With this framework, frontends can be developed, analyzed and evaluated through their basis vectors over frequency and time.


A study of the energetics of a suburban lawn was conducted in 1972-73 in Walnut Creek, California USA. Several major components of the annual primary and sec- ondary production were measured, including man's role as manager and experimenter in the system. The system was extremely productive with net productivity of 1,020 g/m2 per yr compared to cornfields with productivity of 1,066 g/m2 per yr and exceeding tall grass prairie values of around 1,000 g/m2 per yr. Homopterans, with maximal values of 19 mg/M2 were plentiful; other typical grassland species, like Araneida, were scarce, representing only 1% by weight of the total invertebrate population. Food utilization per unit area by suburban birds con- siderably exceeded natural grassland bird utilization (46 kcal/m2 per yr vs. 1.01-2.33 kcal/m2 per yr); lawns are ideal foraging sites for open area adapted, flock-feeding species. Man was the dominant consumer in the community, accounting for 10% of the herbivory and nearly 100% of the scavenging. Energy inputs (labor, gasoline, fertilizer, etc.) amounted to 578 kcal/m2 per yr, equalling or exceeding corn production for a comparable net produc- tivity, but not necessarily utilitarian return.


The long-term future of some industries and businesses depends on the achievement of one or more of the Sustainable Development Goals.


Introduction: Approximately one in every five adults in the Netherlands suffers from chronic pain. It is a complex problem because it is influenced by biological as well as psychological as well as social factors. The pain usually does not have or no longer has a medical cause and cannot be cured. A multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment is effective in learning to cope with the pain. This research studies whether the coping style of chronic pain patients has an influence on the effect of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment. Coping is defined as the way people cope with setbacks and problems. The hypothesis in this research is that chronic pain patients that have an active coping style benefit more from a multidisciplinary medical rehabilitation treatment than chronic pain patients with a passive coping style. Patients with an active coping style tackle and deal with stressful situations, whereas patients with a passive coping style are hesitant and more inclined to let the problems run their course. Method: 57 chronic pain patients that have undergone multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment are included in this research. They filled in the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation - Participation [USER-P] both before and after the treatment. This evaluation was used to measure the frequency of their activities, their restrictions in activities and the satisfaction regarding their participation. The measurement of the situation before and after treatment show the effect of the treatment. The coping style was determined by filling in the Utrecht Coping List [UCL] before commencement of the treatment. The data analysis was executed using a linear mixed model.
Results: After the treatment, the whole group proved to have a significantly better score on all scales of the USER-P. After the treatment, patients undertake more activities, experience less restrictions in undertaking activities and are more satisfied about their participation. Most coping styles do not influence the effectiveness of the treatment. Only a low score on the coping style "passive reaction pattern" appears to lead to more effectiveness of the treatment.
Conclusion: The coping style of chronic pain patients appears to barely have an influence on the effect of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment. Surprisingly, only chronic pain patients with a high passive reaction pattern, appear to benefit more from the treatment than patients with a low passive reaction pattern. However, they score significantly lower on the participation scales prior to the treatment, which could explain this surprising outcome. More longitudinal research is needed before any conclusions can be drawn on the long term influence of coping styles on the effect of the treatment.


A 68-year-old white man was admitted to hospital for treatment of painful and swollen lesions in his fingers and toes of 2 years duration. On examination, all of his digits showed redness and swelling of the nail folds and deformity of the nails. One enlarged lymph node measuring about 1 cm was palpated in each axilla. Investigation showed WBC 17 ́9 10/l with 60% small lymphocytes. The peripheral blood lymphocytes were CD5, CD19, CD20, CD23, FMC7, IgM, IgD and l positive. Skin biopsy showed diffuse lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue by CD20-positive lymphocytes. The patient was diagnosed to have B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) with leukaemic skin infiltration. Fludarabine therapy induced complete remission. Six months later, pain and nail fold swelling reappeared concomitantly with peripheral blood lymphocytosis. Further therapy with fludarabine induced resolution of the lesions.


In this paper a new approach to find all the single diode model parameters of a Photovoltaic (PV) array is demonstrated. Unlike the other methods, the proposed method in this paper is straightforward and does not need any additional information more than the manufacturer datasheet. In the selected model the effect of temperature coefficients is also considered. By using the proposed approach, PV system designers and researchers would be able to model the PV arrays without any considerable effort.


1. Introduction. In the linear range a general theory of thermoelasticity based on irreversible thermodynamics was developed and discussed extensively in some earlier work ([3], [4], [9]). It was assumed that the elastic solid is initially in a stress-free equilibrium state at uniform temperature. Completely linearized perturbations in the vicinity of this equilibrium state are then analyzed assuming the strains, the rotations, the displacements and temperature variations to be small of the first order. The case of similar first order perturbations for a solid in equilibrium at uniform temperature but in a state of initial stress was also analyzed in the context of the analogous case of a fluid saturated, porous medium


In this paper, we introduce the cellphone-based indirect sensing problem. While participatory sensing aims at monitoring of a phenomenon by deploying a dense set of sensors carried by individuals, our indirect sensing problem aims at inferring the manifestations of a sparsely monitored phenomenon on the individuals. The main advantage of the indirect sensing method is that, by making use of existing exposure modeling and estimation methods, it provides a more feasible alternative to direct sensing. Collection of time-location logs using the cellphones plays a major role in our indirect sensing method, while direct sensing at the cellphones is unneeded. We focus on the air pollutant exposure estimation problem as an application of the indirect sensing technique and propose a web-based framework, iMAP, for addressing this problem. We also discuss the information quality (IQ) requirements of indirect sensing in the iMAP framework.


Self-optimizing systems are able to adapt their behavior autonomously according to their current self-determined objectives. Unforeseen influences could lead to dependability-critical behavior of the system. Methods are required which secure self-optimizing systems during operation. These methods to increase the dependability of the system should already be taken into consideration in the design process. This paper presents a guideline for the dependability-oriented design of self-optimizing systems, which integrates established classical methods like failure mode and effects analysis as well as methods based on self-optimization. On the one hand self-optimization is used to increase the dependability of the system by integrating objectives like safety, availability, and reliability to the objectives of the system. On the other hand methods are required to ensure the self-optimization itself. As basis for this guideline serves the principle solution of the system. The six phases of the guideline extend the design process and lead to an enhanced principle solution. Additionally, the guideline illustrates phases to implement and validate the self-optimizing system. The proposed guideline is applied to an innovative rail-bound vehicle, called RailCab, which is equipped with self-optimizing function modules.


Degradation of the bond between steel reinforcing bar (rebar) and concrete under cyclic shear loading was observed nondestructively by measuring the contact electrical resistance of the joint. Degradation, which caused a decrease in bond strength but no visual damage, was indicated by an abrupt increase in the resistance at a small fraction of the fatigue life. D 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


Application of herbicides inhibit development of weeds, but at the same time they can negatively influence soil microbial activity. The microbiological indicators allow estimating changes in soil contaminated with herbicides. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of selected postemergence herbicides: Stellar 210 SL + Olbras, Maister Power 42.5 OD, Laudis 44 OD, Collage 064 OD, Hector Max 66.5 WG + Trend 0.1 % and Arigo 51 WG + Trend 0.1% on the microbial activity of soil under maize plantation. The research included assessment of the count of selected groups of microorganisms, the activity of soil enzymes and soil fertility (BIF), as well as soil sensitivity (RS) to the preparations tested in the experiments. The results of study show that in some cases the count of the groups of microorganisms under study increased (the total bacterial count, the count of copiotrophs), especially immediately after the herbicide treatment, i.e. at the first term of analyses. The study showed that sixty days after the herbicide treatment all the xenobiotics exhibited strongly negative influence on the dehydrogenase activity (DHA). The activity of alkaline phosphatase and catalase became significantly reduced thirty days after the soil treatment with all of the herbicides used in the experiment. The highest values of biological index of fertility (BIF) were noted thirty days after the herbicide treatment and were strictly correlated with DHA and PAC.


and paper and pulp industries. But these dyes are harmful when this dyes combines with the water bodies because these dyes contains organic and inorganic toxic chemicals. They are harmful at low concentrations also and disturb the aquatic life. Various methods are in use for the removal of dyes from the wastewater. Adsorption is found to be low cost procedure in which the adsorbents are also easily available. In this study of adsorption activated rice husk was used as an adsorbent from the synthetic wastewater. The effects of various parameters such as pH, contact time, dosage of adsorbent and concentration of acid yellow 17 were checked for the removal of dye. The maximum amount of color adsorption efficiency was found to be 94.34 % at the dosage of 0.7 grams for the 20 ppm concentrated solution of acid yellow 17 taken in 100 ml of volume. The pH was maintained at 2 for the higher adsorption. The optimum contact time was found to be 80 minutes. Adsorption isotherms like Langmuir isotherm, and Freundlich isotherm were investigated for this adsorption studies. The adsorption study was followed Freundlich isotherm (R2=0.996). The adsorption kinetics was investigated for the first and second order kinetics. Second order reaction was found to be good fit for the adsorption data (k=0.026).


Organizationally and institutionally, the United States has yet to make the necessary post‐Cold War transformation of its national security apparatus to accommodate the range of issues that it now confronts. The environment, although often considered to be a matter of low politics, weighs heavily as an indicator of China's economic and technological growth. Ignoring pollution and degradation, which are transborder issues by definition, disregards the strategic implications, environmental pressure, and global impact of China's future political and economic course. U.S. policy towards China across diplomatic, military, and trade issues can be designed strategically to incorporate considerations of how the environment affects national, regional, and international security.


There is a heat transfer from turbine to compressor through the housing due to temperature difference between the hot turbine and the relatively cold compressor when efficiencies of the turbine and the compressor are measured on a hot gas test bench.Generally heat transfer falsifies the turbine efficiencies to higher values and the compressor efficiencies to lower values.The heat transfer is investigated and an effective method is applied for efficiency correction of turbine and compressor.The efficiency results after correction complies perfectly with the measurement values from cold test bench for turbocharger with maximum difference below 4.7%.


The crude methanol extract of leaves of Bauhinia acuminata and its Kupchan fractions were screened for antioxidant, cytotoxic and membrane stabilizing activities. Among all partitionates the aqueous soluble fraction of B. acuminata demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity with IC 50 value of 7.22±0.200 μg/ml. Moreover, the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction showed significant cytotoxic activity having LC 50 value of 12.13±0.215 μg/ml. On the other hand, in hypotonic solution- and heat- induced conditions, the crude methanol extract inhibited haemolysis of human erythrocyte by 63.94±0.14% and 51.95±0.20%, respectively as compared to 81.97±0.77% and 42.11±0.39% demonstrated by the standard acetyl salicylic acid. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i1.22324 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17 (1): 99-101, 2014


Provided in an embodiment of the invention are a method and device for determining spatial reuse, comprising: receiving, by a first station (STA), a media access control (MAC) address list transmitted by an access point (AP), wherein the MAC address list comprises MAC addresses of all STAs excluding the first STA and belonging to the same basic service set (BSS) as the first STA; and when the first STA monitors a first message containing address information different from any MAC address in the MAC address list and different from an MAC address of the first STA, determining that the first STA performs spatial reuse. In the embodiment of the invention, the STA determines whether it can perform the spatial reuse by directly monitoring the address information in the first message without changing a PHDR structure of the first message, thereby ensuring that a conventional apparatus can identify the first message, and increasing compatibility of the apparatus.


We present two pulse schemes for actively depleting measurement photons from a readout resonator in the nonlinear dispersive regime of circuit QED. One method uses digital feedback conditioned on the measurement outcome while the other is unconditional. In the absence of analytic forms and symmetries to exploit in this nonlinear regime, the depletion pulses are numerically optimized using the Powell method. We shorten the photon depletion time by more than six inverse resonator linewidths compared to passive depletion by waiting. We quantify the benefit by emulating an ancilla qubit performing repeated quantum parity checks in a repetition code. Fast depletion increases the mean number of cycles to a spurious error detection event from order 1 to 75 at a 1 microsecond cycle time.


Editor's Note: Jon Kershner is a noted expert on the Quaker tradition. His recent collaborative project, Quaker Studies: An Overview: The Current State of the Field (Daniels, Healey, and Kershner 2018), and the series it is part of, offers historians an excellent opportunity to analyze scholarly trends in the study of Quakerism. I am pleased that Dr. Kershner agreed to write for the Bulletin this short state-of-the-art survey of Quaker studies building on that seminal volume.


tone, demonstrated by thelack ofparadoxic diaphragmatic movement seenon fluoroscopy postoperatively. Twomonths later, ourpatient hadrecovered normal function ofherleft hemidiaphragm while remaining asymptomatic. Inconclusion, anabnormal stridulous disorder mayactually beamanifestation ofadiaphragmatic abnormality suchasdiaphragmatic flutter. Inpatients withhemidiaphragmatic flutter unresponsive tomedication, phrenic nerve crush mayprovide anoptimal outcome. Phrenic nerve anesthetic blockade mayidentify those patients with diaphragmatic flutter mostlikely tobenefit fromphrenic nerve crush. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:Wewould like tothank thefollowing fortheir assistance inthis case: TomHay,MD,forradiologic testing andinterpretation; Jack Wanger, MD,andthePulmonary Physiology Labforpulmonary function testing andinterpretation; Robin Slover, MD,forperforming anesthetic blockade ofthe phrenic nerve; andAlanKamada, PhD,JoeSpahn, MD,andLeland Fan,MD,fortheir critical reading ofthis manuscript.