An investigation of statistical or stochastic structures of behaviors of heavy rainfalls would beimportant in the meaning that the knowledge about them could be scientific criterions in planningor execution of preventive measures against disasters to be caused by heavy rainfalls.This study is a part of such an investigation, and takes up the structures of 10-minutely vari-ation of intensities of heavy rainfalls, aiming at their application to problems about mud-debrisflow or abrupt landslide. Two kinds of analyses, I.e., the distribution-rate analysis and the runanalysis were adopted to the data obtained for about 20 years at the four points in the ShikokuDistrict, classified into two groups at each point by the meteorological causes (typhoon and theothers), and also considering levels of rainfall intensities.The differences in the structural properties of them, between mountain and lowland, betweentyphoon and the other causes, and between high and low intensities, were nearly grasped.


Equipment input is an effective way to enhance the competitiveness and hardware level of enterprises.It plays a very important role all walks of life in our country.China National Offshore Oil has a large number of offshore equipment imported from abroad.With rapid economic development,domestic science and technology has been greatly improved.How to quickly digest and absorb foreign advanced technology,ensure stable production,achieve localization of imported equipment,spare parts,decrease maintenance costs become gradually a problem to be solved.


We have studied the isotopic composition of recently precipitated travertines to determine the initial 14C activity of ancient travertine deposits. We found that the 14C activity of recent travertines of northeastern Spain was a function of the distance from the spring, resulting in variations in the initial 14C activity of the ancient travertine formations. We calculated the ancient travertine radiocarbon ages by using the ratio between the 14C activity of recent travertines and that of present atmospheric CO2 as the initial 14C activity.


1. Let T denote an abstract set on which real functions s, x , y, z, ... are defined. Let ё denote an algebra of subsets of T and p(:) an additive measure on ё which assume non-negative values only and such that 0 < fjb{T) < oo. By ё а we shall denote the algebra of all subsets of T; we define on ё а [/(a ) = m ip(e) where the infimum is taken for all e in ё which cover a. Clearly, p*(e) is a non-negative, subadditive set func tion (the ^-measure) and ju*(a) = ju{a) if a belongs to ё . ё° stands for the ring of subsets of T which are of the ^-measure zero. We denote by the characteristic function of a set e e T. A function s on T is called у-simple if it is of the form


Sardine oil was vacuum-steam deodorized at with acid (acetic and citric acid) and ethanol solution as steam sources. Glycerol was added to fish oil to remove volatile odorous constituents. The storage stability of deodorized fish oil was determined by totox value, secondary parameter obtained from peroxide and anisidine values. Both deodorization with acetic acid solution and addition of glycerol to the oil resulted in improved storage stability. The totox values of fish oil deodorized with water, glycerol+water and glycerol+acetic acid solution were 936, 611, and 443, respectively after 10 days at . The result showed that acetic acid seemed to destroy the odorous constituents and glycerol accelerated the removal of odorous constituents, such as amines in fish oil.


We have designed a heterogeneous mesh router for wireless mesh networks (WMNs), using a network processor. WMN is a multi-hop wireless network, comprising two kinds of nodes - mesh routers and mesh clients. One of the primary concerns in such networks is that of routing in a heterogeneous setup. Microsoft Research has developed a mesh connectivity layer (MCL) for computers that use Windows operating systems. In MCL, routing is done using a protocol called link quality source routing (LQSR), which is an adaptation of the dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol. LQSR is optimized for mesh scenarios. LQSR has been shown to perform better than the traditional routing protocols. We have implemented an efficient method to increase the performance of the overall network by enhancing LQSR with routing based on packet size and realizing it on network processors (IXP425). The network processors with their inherent support for network processing tasks help in realizing this task efficiently. Also, in this design, the network processors act as gateways, connecting heterogeneous networks and have virtualized adapters in order to connect to multiple networks using a single Network Interface Card.


Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors are used in a broad range of detection applications across the chemical, biological, environmental, and medical disciplines. These types of sensor...


The accuracy of first-order Euler and higher-order time-integration algorithms for grid-based Langevin equations collision models in a specific relaxation test problem is assessed. We show that statistical noise errors can overshadow time-step errors and argue that statistical noise errors can be conflated with time-step effects. Using a higher-order integration scheme may not achieve any benefit in accuracy for examples of practical interest. We also investigate the collisional relaxation of an initial electron-ion relative drift and the collisional relaxation to a resistive steady-state in which a quasi-steady current is driven by a constant applied electric field, as functions of the time step used to resolve the collision processes using binary and grid-based, test-particle Langevin equations models. We compare results from two grid-based Langevin equations collision algorithms to results from a binary collision algorithm for modeling electron-ion collisions. Some guidance is provided on how large a time step can be used compared to the inverse of the characteristic collision frequency for specific relaxation processes.


The lack of guidance of people-oriented concept is the underlying root of that track and field teaching is not satisfied in colleges.Exam-oriented education is the main source that cause track and field teaching deviate from people-oriented,people-oriented is to discard the past,the teaching examination-oriented education.To this end,we should insist on people-oriented philosophy to play a commanding role in the core;give full play to achieve people-oriented in two functions of track and field;adapt to local conditions to implement the people-oriented;and people-oriented should be expressed in teaching and evaluation methods.


Employer-provided sick leave plans generally provide pay protection to ill or injured workers. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics show that other benefits also may be used to protect workers from loss of income. This article explores the range of benefits available for pay protection and looks at how certain unique plans are treated in the BLS statistics. Further, the article examines the uses of sick leave and other pay protection plans, especially for family leave issues. What is known about various pay protection benefits is identified, as is a series of unknowns: issues related to pay protection that aren't currently identified in BLS surveys.


The flow of liquid helium II at subcritical velocities can be described by hydrodynamic equations which assume the possibility of independent motions of the two fluid components, but difficulties arise in supercritical flows with forces of mutual friction between the component fluids. The extensive evidence that mutual friction is caused by scattering of the thermal excitations in the velocity fields of the quantized vortex lines suggests that the equations should include mutual forces which are large near the vortex-lines and negligible elsewhere. In their original theory, Hall & Vinen (1956) did assume this, and here the implications of the assumption are examined in detail. Serious difficulties are found in reconciling localization of the mutual friction with fully developed flow in channels, and it is suggested that, although the mutual friction arises from scattering near the vortex lines, the force on the superfluid is distributed uniformly over distances comparable with the distance between adjacent vortex lines.


To an educationist this title is somewhat arresting! For so long education has seen itself as the poor relation within the university structure. Despite being perceived as strictly vocational and hence limited to exposition of strategies for beginning teachers, education has produced a significant and growing body of research demonstrable in established international journals. With Macintyre's book it seems there is another competitor for this unenviable position – the social sciences as a whole. While the argument is constructed on the case of the social sciences in Australian universities (noted by Macintyre to have been 'colonial creations') the clarity with which he charts the inroads of neo-liberal managerialism in the turn to the 'enterprise university' resonates with university experiences in the UK and, perhaps to a lesser extent, in the USA. Thus the book has broad relevance beyond Australia and beyond social sciences too. In particular the analysis presented here affords useful insights for education within the university. Stuart Macintyre has produced a compelling argument about the ways in which the social and political context of universities in Australia since the Second World War has constrained their development and limited their research potential with particularly prohibitive implications for the social sciences. In the first half of the work Macintyre writes in fascinating detail of the internecine workings of a small group of self-selected male leading scholars whose efforts to further the cause of the social sciences went largely unrewarded. In the later chapters he adopts a broader brush which involves the entire university research funding system. But the story is far from simple. His stated aim is 'to argue how and why current policy is mistaken' (p. 9) and he pursues the argument through chapters titled – Origins, Survival, Growth etc., each roughly relating to a decade. This periodising seems to work well in the first half but by the later chapters, evocatively titled Standstill, Nemesis, Adaptation and Persistence, the progression is less clear and there is a degree of repetition. Although rarely triumphant, the story is far from uniformly bleak. The reader is drawn to admire the diligence of some of the early leaders, their perseverance and their refusal to accede to the widespread understanding of the superior importance of science. But the disappointments and knockbacks are many – the social scientists are frequently misunderstood, unrecognised and seen as subordinate to the natural sciences in scholarship and research. The research funding differentials in favour of science are a running complaint throughout the seven decades covered. Macintrye rather romantically describes their association as 'a weak and impoverished guild', revealing something of an historian's partiality. In the aftermath of the Second World War the opportunities for links between leading social scientists and government flourished. Early committees included academics and leading administrators. This good relationship was sorely pressed by later developments and inevitably the social science Academy became the preserve of academics. Dominated by the


The main purpose of this paper is to increase accuracy of modeling uncertainly defined boundary shape in parametric integral equations systems method (PIES), by inclusion of interval NURBS curves into mathematical formalism of the method. We model the uncertainty of the boundary shape by interval control points and examine such strategy on examples of 2D elasticity problems. Accuracy improvement of the boundary shape modeling affects the solutions accuracy. Additionally using interval NURBS we make the modeling process much easier and ensure the continuity of the shape.The main purpose of this paper is to increase accuracy of modeling uncertainly defined boundary shape in parametric integral equations systems method (PIES), by inclusion of interval NURBS curves into mathematical formalism of the method. We model the uncertainty of the boundary shape by interval control points and examine such strategy on examples of 2D elasticity problems. Accuracy improvement of the boundary shape modeling affects the solutions accuracy. Additionally using interval NURBS we make the modeling process much easier and ensure the continuity of the shape.


In this paper, we propose a new scheme based on the Sampson distance (SD) to describe visual feature residuals for visual-inertial odometry (VIO). Unlike the epipolar-constraint-based SD for visual odometry (VO), the proposed SD is formulated based on the perspective projection constraint. We proved in theory that the proposed SD retains the good properties of those earlier SD criteria in the literature of VO and it represents a visual feature residual more accurately than the prevailing transfer distance (TD) in existing VIO methods. We formulate three distance criteria, including TD, reprojection error (RE), and SD, and compared their performances by simulation. The results show that the SD is much more accurate than the TD and it is a very accurate estimate of the gold standard criteria—RE. Based on the SD, we modified VINS-Mono by replacing its TD-based visual residuals with the SD-based residuals and study the SD's efficacy in pose estimation by experiments with several public datasets. The results reveal that the SD-based VINS-Mono has a substantial improvement over the original VINS-Mono in pose estimation accuracy. This indicates that the SD is a better distance criterion than the TD for representing visual feature residuals. The proposed SD may find its applications to broader areas in computer vision and robotics.


The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for processing faults of communications network equipment, relates to the communication field and solves the problem of low processing efficiency of the faults of the communication network equipment in prior art. The method for processing the faults of the communications network equipment comprises the following steps that fault management equipment obtains time sequence format data corresponding to the communication network equipment; the fault management equipment decides whether the communications network equipment has an abnormal trend through the time sequence format data; if the communications network equipment has the abnormal trend, the fault management equipment generates fault predictive information. The method and the device for processing the faults of the communications network equipment can be used in network fault management.


Two designs of undergraduate terrestrial ecology and behaviour field course are described and compared. One format uses a variety of student projects to develop an understanding of the processes involved infield studies. The other is based around a single individual research project and attempts to obtain similar aims and objectives. The relative educational benefits of each are considered and the advantages of each type of course are discussed.


A new method is described which permits the use of temperature ordered diagrams for the Schrieffer-Wolff limit of the Anderson model. The propagators, self energies and the static susceptibilities are calculated. The structure of a magnetic impurity is discussed.


Through an analysis on current credibility worry existing in the construction enterprises,from various angles,such as construction,finance,law,appointing cadres,handling sensitive matters and so on,this thesis proposed ways of protecting and dealing with reputation risk,and stated that a good market reputation is not only the most valuable intangible assets,but also a pass for companies attending to competition and opening up market.Thus,strengthening the reputation of building construction enterprises has become an urgent task.


The digestive systems from 10 species of birds in 4 kinds of ecological groups were compared mophologically.The four groups were swimming birds(Anas platyrhynchos,Mergus merganser,Bucephala clangula,Anas poecilorhyncha),song birds(Lanius cristatus,Emberiza leucicephala,Emberiza laucocephala),birds of prey(Bubo bubo,Aguila chrysaetos),and wading birds(Ardea einerea),There are a number of significant differences in morphology between the digestive systems of these birds.Feeding habits,the quality of food and activities,and other characteristics are the important factors affecting the morphology of the digestive system for birds of different ecological groups.


All university departments must maximize their use of time and resources in order to meet their goal with the least amount of waste. The existing system in a local university does not implement the time equation and so the processing time determined is not in accordance with the actual processing time of every activity. Thus, the present implementation in the organization does not illustrate the correlation between the supplied resources and the practical capacity. The purpose of this study was to build a new costing structure using time-driven activity-based costing for academic staff. This work considered annual Key Performance Indicator Analysis data for the year 2020 with 53 sub parameters; this was from an engineering faculty for lecturers in two different grades with 12 and 27 samples, respectively. Eventually, there were 3 and 16 samples in grade DS45 and DS51/52, respectively, that have an insufficient time capacity. The remaining samples in both grades then had an unused time capacity, which ultimately resulted in unused cost capacity, also known as waste cost. This work was able to discover the total amount of used time that results in used, unused, or otherwise insufficient capacity, after analyzing the capacity cost using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing.


This study aims to examine the relationship between sources of social support and mental health degrees in emerging adulthood of Universitas Hasanuddin students. The participants of this research are undergraduate students at Universitas Hasanuddin. The sampling technique utilized in this research is stratified random sampling, while the number of the participants on this research is 411 participants. The scale applied in this study is the sources of social support scale adapted from the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) (12 items, = 0.888) and the mental health degree scale adapted from the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) (24 items, = 0.941). The results showed that there is a significant relationship between sources of social support and mental health degrees in emerging adulthood of Universitas Hasanuddin students. The correlation level obtained based on the results of data processing shows that the Pearson Correlations value of the research variable of 0.445 is included in the moderate relationship criteria. A moderate relationship can be interpreted as a medium relationship obtained based on the correlation coefficient criteria. This shows that the relationship between the variables sources of social support and the variable mental health degree is in moderate criteria.


In the real world, lot of users attracted towards online shopping, so lots of transactions are going on in the websites. A weblog contains series of entries updating frequently by the user while accessing the website. Based on the user interest, it can be classified as related and unrelated data. The related data can be considered as success response, but the unrelated data can be considered as failure response. It analyze the pattern of user navigation while browsing, for that web usage mining must be analyzed. The steps consisting for the process of web usage mining are data collection, pattern discovery, and Pre-processing and pattern analysis. Keywords— Cognitive user model, sessionization, software tool, test oracle, usability, web server log.


A common issue in gesture elicitation studies is that participants are influenced by interaction with digital products, imitating touchscreen gestures or WIMP icons. In our study, we adapted and experimentally tested two of Morris' et al.'s suggestions for reducing legacy bias: increased production of gestures and covert kinaesthetic priming. Our findings indicate that the practical effectiveness of these strategies might be limited, given we only found medium effect sizes and a wide variance between participants that overshadows any effects. Our work contributes to reflection on, and indirectly, by experimentally testing potential variations, to future improvements of the gesture elicitation method.


The political economy of national security - economic statecraft, interdependence and international conflict, Jean-Marc F. Blanchard, Edward D. Mansfield and Norrin M. Ripsman trade expectations and the outbreak of peace - detente 1970-74 and the end of the Cold War 1985-91, Dale C. Copeland the offense-defense balance, interdependence and war, Peter Liberman preferential trading arrangement and military disputes, Edward D. Mansfield, Jon C. Pevehouse and David J. Bearce strategy, economic relations and the definition of national interests, Rawi Abdelal and Jonathan Kirshner sleeping with the (potential) enemy - assessing the US policy of engagement with China, Paul A. Papayoanou and Scott L. Kastner the trouble with carrots - transaction costs, conflict expectations and economic inducements, Daniel W. Drezner asking the right question - when do economic sanctions work best?, Jean-Marc B. Blanchard and Norrin M. Ripsman economic sanctions do work - economic statecraft and the oil embargo of Rhodesia, David M. Rowe economic statecraft, inderdependence and national security - agendas for research, Michael Mastanduno.


The paper proposes an evaluation technique for the elastic modulus of a cantilever beam by vibration analysis based on time average electronic speckle pattern interferometry (TA-ESPI) and Euler-Bernoulli equation. General approaches for the measurement of elastic modulus of a thin film are the Nano indentation test, Buldge test, Micro-tensile test, and so on. They each have strength and weakness in the preparation of the test specimen and the analysis of experimental results. ESPI is a type of laser speckle interferometry technique offering non-contact, high-resolution and whole-field measurement. The technique is a common measurement method for vibration mode visualization and surface displacement. Whole-field vibration mode shape (surface displacement distribution) at resonance frequency can be visualized by ESPI. And the maximum surface displacement distribution from ESPI can be used to find the resonance frequency for each vibration mode shape. And the elastic modules of a test material can be easily estimated from the measured resonance frequency and Euler-Bernoulli equation. The TA-ESPI vibration analysis technique can be used to find the elastic modulus of a material requiring simple preparation process and analysis.


The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, puts Money Bills in an exceptional position. Only the member of the executive responsible for finance may introduce a Money Bill; and specific acts must be passed to prescribe a procedure for the amendment of Money Bills. Progress in this regard has been slow. One reason is that legislators as well as technocrats doubt whether legislators have sufficient expertise to play a meaningful role in the legislation of public finance. This article makes the case that legislators are in principle knowledgeable, and that they should consequently not leave the contents of financial legislation entirely in the hands of technocrats. Legislators, as representatives of the people, are competent to amend Money Bills. They can acquire the necessary knowledge and information know-how. Eleven disciplines of knowledge are identified. Knowledge-enhancing attitudes and values are crucial to the mastering of these disciplines. The knowing-how and knowing-that that specifically relate to legislating Money Bills pertains to revenue, but even more to allocation between the various departments. Provinces are advised to retain some elements of the National Money Bills Amendment Act, but to simplify it a great deal at the same time.


As an effective method of ownership assertion for digital media, digital watermarking has been targeted especially in recent years. In this paper, an adaptive digital watermarking embedding approach is presented. By applying fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm based on human visual system, the clustering result may carry out the adaptive selection of the strength value of watermark. Compared with other means, the embedded watermark is more imperceptible and robust. In the same time, there is more anti-attack ability for embedded watermark in frequency domain than that in spatial domain. In the end, we also present results to show that our approach is applicable in practice.


Video shot detection is the processor-intensive task of splitting a video into continuous shots, with hard or soft cuts as the boundaries. In this paper, we present a client-side onthe-fly approach to this challenge based on modern HTML5enabled Web APIs. We show how video shot detection can be seamlessly embedded into video platforms like YouTube using browser extensions. Once a video has been split into shots, shot-based video navigation gets enabled and more fine-grained playing statistics can be created.


Objective To study the variation of the intracellular oxygen free radicals after apoptosis induced by cisplatin in human cervical carcinoma cells.Methods Human cervical cancer cell line(Hela) were treated with different concentrations of DDP. The activation of the cell line,the changes in cell cycle,and the morphological changes of apoptosis cells were detected by MTT colorimetric assay,flow cytometry and electron microscopy,and the contents of intracellular malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione(GSH) were detected by chemical colorimetric method.Results According to the MTT,the IC_(50) of DDP was 3 mg/L at the 48 h point,and DDP had no significant cytoxicity on Hela cell line when its concentration was less than 3 mg/L;contrarily, the effects were dose-dependent when the concentration of DDP was higher than 3 mg/L(P0.001).Compared with control group,the percentage of G2 phase cells increased(90.80±8.37)%in Hela+DDP group,while the number of G1 and S phase cells decreased significantly,the values were(30.84±8.02,5.30±0.60)%,and(P0.01),respectively.The typical morphological changes of the early apoptotic cells could be observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.Compared with the control group,the activities of SOD and GSH decreased significantly(P0.05) at the 48 hours point in the DDP group,and the concentration of MDA increased remarkably(P0.01).Conclusions DDP induces the death of Hela cells;the mechanism may be related to the oxidative damage in cells.


The trail production process of the high silicon content master aluminum alloy has been determined through theoretical analysis.The customer required content is w(Si)=55%~60%.The trial production has been done successfully.The content of the master aluminum alloy we made is w(Si)=57.36%~58.12%.This aluminum-silicon master alloy has been used in laboratory and trail industrial production and satisfied result has been gotten.So the foundation has been laid down for its usage in the industrial production.


Obesity is the biggest global health problem;it is not only the primary risk factors,but also important virulence factor of cardiovascular disease.Obesity is closely related with hypertension,elevated levels of blood lipid and diabetes,and is responsible for the increment of heart disease occurrence rate.Recent studies have found that body mass index and cardiovascular prognosis and target organ damage were negatively correlated,the phenomenon of obesity and cardiovascular mortality paradox are known as obesity paradox.This contradiction has caused the attention;further researches on mechanisms of obesity paradox will bring a kind of new way for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.


Petroleum has been a major energy sources to our human being in operating machine and in other usages. The high profitable petroleum is important in our daily life but before acquiring the useful products, there are also impurities such as hydrogen sulfide which is available in the crude oil that must be removed to avoid any hazard that could bring to the environment and human health. In oil refinery industry, hydrogen sulfide is commonly removed through water stripper but very little data is available on the removal of hydrogen sulfide using adsorption process. Thus, in this study, simulation modeling of adsorption of hydrogen sulfide onto activated carbon was carried out by providing respective adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetic, mass balance and kinetic modeling. Under isothermal conditions with no pressure drop and constant velocity, the simulation had been conducted to justify the feasibility of the data provided by the industry after optimizing the size of adsorption bed that should be used. Most of the parameters should be assumed with a reasonable value in order to continue with the simulation. As a result, the actual data provided by the industry shows the feasibility of the size of adsorption bed after optimization due to the high flow rate and high hydrogen sulfide concentration.


The utility model discloses a device for heating and insulating a sodium-nickel battery pack. The device for heating and insulating the sodium-nickel battery pack comprises a box body, a substrate, electric heating wires and a temperature controller, wherein the substrate is fixed at the bottom of the box body; the electric heating wires are arranged and armored on the substrate; two air vents and a cable outlet hole arranged up and down are formed in one side wall of the box body; the cable outlet hole is close to the air vents; the temperature controller is arranged on the side wall, opposite to the side wall with the air vents, of the box body; the temperature controller is electrically connected with the electric heating wires and used for changing the temperatures in the box body by powering on and off the electric heating wires.


The overall aim of this research project is to study green/energy-efficient real estate from an economic perspective. The thesis summarizes the results from five different studies with a connection ...


Influences of high-oxygen-pressure (350 MPa) annealing on the properties of leakage current, polarization, and strain were investigated for single crystals of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3 with P4mm tetragonal structure The oxygen annealing led to a marked increase in leakage current, showing that the oxidized crystals have a high concentration of electron hole (carrier) and a low concentration of oxygen vacancy compared with the crystals annealed in air. While the air-annealed crystals exhibited a giant strain up to 0.8% at an electric field of 40 kV/cm, the oxidized crystals showed a small strain less than 0.3%. The results can be explained by the interaction between ferroelectric domains and charged defects.


In the big data era, the efficient processing of large volumes of data has became a standard requirement for both organizations and enterprises. Since single workstations cannot sustain such tremendous workloads, MapReduce was introduced with the aim of providing a robust, easy, and fault-tolerant parallelization framework for the execution of applications on large clusters. One of the most representative examples of such applications is the machine learning algorithms which dominate the broad research area of data mining. Simultaneously, the recent advances in hardware technology led to the introduction of high-performing alternative devices for secondary storage, known as Solid State Drives (SSDs). In this paper we examine the perfor-mance of several parallel data mining algorithms on MapReduce clusters equipped with such modern hardware. More specifically, we investigate standard dataset preprocessing methods including vectorization and dimensionality reduction, and two supervised classifiers, Naive Bayes and Linear Regression. We compare the execution times of these algorithms on an experimental cluster equipped with both standard magnetic disks and SSDs, by employing two different datasets and by applying several different cluster configurations. Our experiments demonstrate that the usage of SSDs can accelerate the execution of machine learning methods by a margin which depends on the cluster setup and the nature of the applied algorithms.


Design and implement Dual STM-1 section overhead and high order path overhead processor and TU3/TU12 payload processor by using cost-effective FPGA. Utilize the FPGA embedded PLLs to generate 155M line clock and TUPP 77M reference clock, to meet system interface timing requirement. 19m and 77m Telecom bus interface are supported,TU3/TU12 or mixed payloads can be processed?


Masculinity ideology or acceptance of culturally define standards for male behavior has an impact not only on the sexual and contraceptive behavior of adolescent males but also on the quality of close relationships. The importance of this social construct was revealed through an analysis of data from the US National Survey of Adolescent Males conducted in 1988 among 1880 never-married aged 15-19 years. 676 subjects were black and 386 were Hispanic. Subjects with a more traditional conception of manhood (as measured by the Male Role Attitudes Scale) reported significantly more sexual partners in the year preceding the interview had a less intimate relationship with their recent sexual partner viewed relationships between men and woman as more adversarial viewed condoms negatively as inhibiting male pleasure and used condoms less consistently with their current sexual partner regardless of her request that they be used than their counterparts with less traditional views of masculinity. They further viewed making a girl pregnant as a means of validating their masculinity. The inclusion of racial or ethnic interactions did not produce a significant increase in the variance explained for any of these outcomes. Moreover the associations persisted when more global gender role attitudes (assessed by response to the statement "It is much better for everyone if the man earns the money and the woman takes care of the home and family") were controlled. Further analysis suggested that the relationship between masculinity ideology and consistency of condom use may be mediated by 3 attitudes about condoms: interference with pleasure value of partner desire for condom use and belief in the males contraceptive responsibility. These findings raise concern that culturally defined concepts of masculinity are contributing to an increase is unwanted pregnancy as well as sexually transmitted diseases among heterosexual adolescent males.


The aim of suspension systems in vehicles is to provide the best balance between ride and handling depending on the operating conditions of a vehicle. Active suspensions are far more effective over a variety of different road conditions compared to passive suspension systems. This is because of their ability to store and dissipate energy at different rates. Additionally, they can even provide energy of their own into the rest of the system. This makes active suspension systems an important topic of research in suspension systems. The biggest benefit of having an active suspension system is to be able to provide energy into the system that can minimize the response of the sprung mass. This is done using actuators. Actuator design in vehicle suspension system is an important research topic and a lot of work has been done in the field but little work has been done to estimate the peak control force and bandwidth required to minimize the response of the sprung mass. These two are very important requirements for actuator design in active suspensions. The aim of this study is estimate the peak control force and bandwidth to minimize the acceleration of the sprung mass of a vehicle while it is moving on a compliant surface. This makes the road surface a bi-lateral boundary and hence, the total system is a combination of the vehicle and the compliant road. Generalized vehicle and compliant road models are created so that parameters can be easily changed for different types of vehicles and different road conditions. The peak control force is estimated using adaptive filtering. A least mean squares (LMS) algorithm is used in the process. A case study with fixed parameters is used to show the results of the estimation process. The results show the effectiveness of an adaptive LMS algorithm for such an application. The peak control force and the bandwidth that are obtained from this process can then be used in actuator design. Active Suspension Design Requirements for Compliant Boundary Condition Road Disturbances Anirudh Srinivasan GENERAL AUDIENCE ABSTRACT Active suspension systems have been proven to be a better option compared to passive suspension systems for a wide variety of operating conditions. Active suspensions typically have an actuator system that produces a force which can reduce the disturbance caused by road inputs in the suspension. The sprung mass of a vehicle is the mass of the body and other components supported by the suspension system and the un-sprung mass is the total mass of the components which are not supported by the suspension or are part of the suspension system. The actuator is typically between the sprung mass and the un-sprung mass. When there is a single event disturbance from the road, the energy is transferred to the sprung mass, which contains the occupants, through the un-sprung mass. The actuator produces a force that reduces this acceleration in the sprung mass and hence improves ride comfort for the occupants of the vehicle. In this thesis, the single event disturbance that has been considered is a compliant road surface. This is a bi-lateral boundary since the vehicle interacts with the compliant elements under the surface of the ground. The aim of this thesis is to develop and implement a method to estimate the peak control force and bandwidth that the actuator needs to produce to eliminate or reduce the acceleration of the sprung mass which is caused by the compliant surface single event disturbance.


Introduction A large body of works has been devoted to the wake of the sphere in the last decades ([1,3,4,7,8]). For Reynolds numbers Re & 280, the flow is dominated by an instability of the helical mode, resulting in the low frequency shedding of large-scale coherent structures in the form of two superimposed modes of azimuthal wavenumbers m = ±1. Low Strouhal numbers of 0.2, characteristic of vortex shedding phenomena, have been reported, based on the body diameter. In this paper, we calculate the global modes leading the successive bifurcations undergone by the axisymmetric steady wake for Re < 300. The corresponding adjoint global modes are computed, whose physical interpretation is discussed in terms of receptivity. These results are used to build an extended dynamical system for which we carry out a weakly non-linear stability analysis. A system of coupled Stuart-Landau amplitude equations is derived, aiming at giving a precise description of the periodic regime which appears after the transition from steady to unsteady wakes.


Preface The PC Modeling and Simulation Guidelines are a series of documents that have been developed under the direction of the Naval Education and Training Command, Pensacola, Florida. The object of the guideline documents is to establish a consistent and cost-effective approach for Navy simulation-based training development efforts. The documents are focused on addressing training applications that employ simulation technology on personal computer platforms, as opposed to those that require special purpose simulator hardware. Other volumes that are in development, or are planned, provide more details on topics introduced in the Overview document. Topics to be addressed in future documents include: an architecture for a generic open-source video game engine for training, game engine module interface specifications, a model of Navy PC simulation-based training needs, a re-usable learning object classification scheme, and software testing procedures. The Guidelines will undoubtedly evolve over time as Navy needs and technology changes. Feedback in the form of corrections or comments is sincerely appreciated. Recommendations concerning the establishment of additional guidelines are also welcomed. Acknowledgements: The authors would like to acknowledge the many contributions of and guidance from Mike Cleveland in the creation of this report. Although the authors have tried to reference or acknowledge the contributions of others wherever possible, some source materials have been drawn from earlier draft government reports whose authors were not identifiable.


The effective potential previously introduced by the variational method is used to calculate thermodynamic quantities of quantum one-dimensional nonlinear fields in the weak-coupling approximation. The correct continuum limit is recovered both for integrable (sine-Gordon) and noninte- grable (phi/sup 4/) models. Good agreement is found with exact Bethe-ansatz results for the specific heat.


Corporate culture has an unchangeable rigidity character. Taking organization life cycle as a thread and centering on the process of organization design, strategic formulation, knowledge evolution, this paper analyzes the formulation mechanism of the rigidity character of corporate culture. The paper also points out that the rigidity character of corporate culture is a phenomenon of path dependence in organization development, and its influence is dialectical.


in collaboration with IETF to secure the protocol aspects of native browser support for a real-time communication API is the first step. Early implementations of the API are available in a prototype browser from Ericsson and developer versions of Google Chrome. So far, the results are promising, but the path to interoperable implementation in all major browsers and all device types is long, and success is not guaranteed. The objective of the standardization work is to create an API that enables a web application running on any device to send and receive real-time media and data streams in a peer-to-peer fashion between the browsers. Running in a browser, the API will for the most part use existing protocols and codecs in the browser core. The design of the API leaves the web developer free to implement functionality for finding and connecting the participants in a communication session. The web platform provides the support for blending communication and data across devices and operating systems, and is a key technology if solutions are to meet the wide variety of present and future needs. One of the greatest strengths of openbrowser standardization is that it leverages the work of organizations such as W3C and IETF, and other highly-competent browser technology communities – such as Apple-hosted WebKit open source project, and the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG). These communities share knowledge actively and use iterative solution development to evolve the web platform step-by-step according to developer and user needs. The web platform gives people a unique way of viewing a wide variety of content, it provides developers with a write-once deploy-everywhere model, and supports service providers in deploying services with global reach. The waves of browser-technology enhancement, exemplified by HTML5, and the ongoing work to add real-time communication to the web platform create new opportunities for combining communication and data – and improving the user experience.


/ iF all the assets of which the State stands possessed, noIle are more g }valuable than the children, but of all its assets, the State has in the 5 past been of none so wasteful and so heedless."[2] So wrote W. Clarke Hall in I9I7. This summary generalization was doubtless prompted by the awakening of the public conscience to the importance of the care and education of children, which was one of the most striking developments of the later part of the nineteenth century, and which has produced in our own day an entirely new conception of the duty of the state towards the child. But this hazardous generalization, however true it may be of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, does injustice to the paternalistic governments of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Children loomed large in the social legislation of the sixteenth century. They were regarded as an important part of the social structure and valuable assets of the commonwealth, and the problems associated with their maintenance and training were matters of national concern. Ideas as to the kind of training necessary were often vastly different from those of to-day, but similar emphasis was laid on the importance of training to fit each child for his proper place in society. Amidst much that is alien to contemporary modes of thought, some few aspects of Tudor policy for children seem nearer to the ideas of the Welfare State than those of any period sntervening. But in a mental climate essentially different from our own, benevolence and harshness, even ferocity, were often intermingled, and a reariew of the treatment of children in various social groups in the sixteenth century reveals many social attitudes that contrast sharply with our own. The problem of the care and training of poor and destitute children was one which exercised the minds of legislators and municipal reformers throughout the sixteenth century. In this respect it was one aspect of a most difficult and intractable problem that faced all governments of Western Europethe necessity to found a system of poor relief to deal with the increase in distress and destitution, and to replace on a systematic basis the inadequacy of 273


Outlined here is the development and implementation of an online counseling skills course at a Rocky Mountain University in the western United States. Techniques were used in reference to how a traditional counselor education classroom operates to teach counseling skills and were modified to fit an online setting. The design of this course used best practices from research regarding online learning, as well as techniques specific to online learning environments. Additionally, the course implemented a learning community utilizing peer collaboration and the encouragement of positive student and instructor relationships. Finally, the course underscored the uniqueness of the individuals enrolled in the context of community membership with careful consideration of diverse backgrounds.


A review of From Punishment to Doing Good: Family Courts and Socialized Justice in Ontario 1880-1940 by Dorothy Chunn, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1992, 249 pp. The Illusion of Equality: The Rhetoric and Reality of Divorce Reform by Martha Albertson Fineman, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1991,252 pp. and Private Lives, Public Policy: 100 Years of State Intervention in the Family by Jane Ursel, Toronto: Women's Press, 1992,401 pp.


Describing a S3C2440' s system of unmanned platform for real-time monitoring Avalanche constitute,the system is built based on a 32-bit low-power.High-performance ARM9 processor is taken as the core,and the uC / OS-II operating system as the softw are platform.The TG-3DP model triaxial low-frequency acceleration sensor collects data and makes the system processing for alarm value judgment by A / D analog-to-digital conversion of the inside of ARM.It will work through the Zigbee module by sentting the avalanche of alarm status value to the foot of the mountain side of the road LED headlamps with GPRS module which is finished by the form of text messages remotely senting to the data control center at the same time.The steady solar energy and battery power serve the system.The proposed system has advantages of small size,high reliability,easy operation,etc,which is applied to large amount of snow fall unattended regional disaster monitoring.


Successful implementation of high-speed rail (HSR) depends on reliable and efficient turnouts. Turnouts are the control points of the railway network. Their safe, reliable, and efficient operation is critical to the success of any high speed passenger operation. "Express" HSR systems, as defined by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), are expected to include dedicated grade-separated passenger train infrastructure and systems that permit operating speeds in excess of 150 mph (241.5 km/h). While successful express HSR turnout designs exist today, those optimized for dedicated passenger train service do not include U.S. rolled rail sections and have not been successfully demonstrated under U.S. designed and manufactured wheelsets. While previous FRA and Transportation Research Board TRB research have focused on making improvements to existing "emerging" and "regional" HSR turnout


Driver distraction has been identified as a high-priority topic by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, reflecting concerns about the compatibility of certain in-vehicle technologies with the driving task, whether drivers are making potentially dangerous decisions about when to interact with in-vehicle technologies while driving, and that these trends may accelerate as new technologies continue to become available. Since 1991, NHTSA has conducted research to understand the factors that contribute to driver distraction and to develop methods to assess the extent to which in-vehicle technologies may contribute to crashes. This paper summarizes significant findings from past NHTSA research in the area of driver distraction and workload, provides an overview of current ongoing research, and describes upcoming research that will be conducted, including research using the National Advanced Driving Simulator and work to be conducted at NHTSA's Vehicle Research and Test Center. Preliminary results of the ongoing research are also presented. For the covering abstract see ITRD E111577.


Companies with innovative behavior seek differentiation and are constantly reconciling needs and internal objectives with new market opportunities and restrictions imposed by the institutional framework. The involvement of the wineries with the service sector, by adapting to wine tourism, raises an innovative process which requires some organizational change. This study deals with this issue, arguing that the wineries' change process toward wine tourism development may occur as a result of internal drivers and external pressures. In this sense, the wineries are analyzed through two different points of view: an intraorganizational perspective with the dynamic capability approach, and an interorganizational perspective with the institutional theory. Structural equation modeling methodology is used to estimate and validate the model, which aims to explain the causes and effects of wine tourism development. Results support the propositions that through wine tourism development, the wineries create, extend, and modify their processes, building and using dynamic capabilities, whereas institutional factors shape firms' behavior and ensure social legitimacy, besides improving their organizational performance.


Coated conductors, i.e. superconducting thin films grown on tapes consisting in metallic substrates, is an enabling technology for the use of the high-Tc YBa2Cu3O7-δ superconductor in applications requiring long superconducting cables, such as high field magnets and electric power distribution grids. The largely used d.c. measurements of the material current carrying capabilities would benefit from being integrated and complemented by local measurements of the material complex a.c. resistivity. Despite the potential of this approach, high frequencies measurements are hindered by the highly conducting substrate, which obscures the superconductor response. In this manuscript we address the problem of extracting the superconductor impedance by properly taking into account the substrate contribution.


Abstract I identify 4 topics for future research. 1) Our knowledge of rodents from the developing world is limited, yet recent evidence suggests that many species are highly social. I concentrate on South American rodents to demonstrate the wealth of information available when we study these taxa and incorporate the findings into our current paradigms of social evolution. 2) Relatively little is known about proximate mechanisms that govern social systems. Research on the neuroendocrine basis of pair-bond formation and paternal care has provided valuable insights, but many questions remain. 3) Mounting evidence indicates that, in addition to genetics, social environment can play a major role in behavioral and physiological development. Studies on effects of early social environment would contribute to our understanding of ontogeny of individual differences in social species. 4) Recent evidence suggests a significant geographic variation in social characteristics of some rodent species. The extent and ecological correlates of such intraspecific variation merit further investigation.


Shaping and development of athletic culture among the students is analyzed. Sport has been an integral part of physical education as a mean providing organization and maintenance of extracurricular and non-school physical education and athletic work. The multiple athletic records set in XX century managed to surpass even the wildest expectations. All this made the sport one of the most rapidly developing social and cultural phenomenon of the modern society.


The use of video seems cannot be separated in teaching and learning English process. TED Talks, for instance, has became one of the popular media that implemented by almost all of lecturer to support their material in teaching

process. This implementation has been viewed differently by the students. Therefore, this study aimed to find out students' view on educational TED Video

including the level of English used in TED Talks video and the constraints existed in watching it. The research was conducted by using qualitative approach. The respondents of this study were 10 students of English Language Education Department, Ar-Raniry State Islamic University. The result of this research

showed that TED video contained intermediate and advanced English level. Students also perceived that speakers' accent, speaking speed and uncommon
terms became their constraints in watching the video. Moreover, the result

suggested lecturers to consider the level of English and its difficulties based on students' capability.


Current frontier accelerators explore regimes of increasing power and stored energy, with beam energies spanning more than three orders of magnitude from the GeV to the TeV scale. In many cases the high beam power has to cohabit with superconducting equipment in the form of magnets or RF cavities requiring careful control of losses and of halos to mitigate quenches. Despite their large diversity in physics goals and operation modes, all facilities depend on their Machine Protection Systems (MPS) for safe and efficient running. This presentation will aim to give an overview of current MPS and on how the MPS act on or control the beams. Lessons from the LHC and other accelerators show that ever tighter monitoring of accelerator equipment and of beam parameters is required in the future. Such new monitoring systems must not only be very accurate but also be extremely reliable to minimize false alarms. Novel MPS ideas and concepts for linear colliders, high intensity hadron accelerators and to other high power accelerators will be presented.


Summary: Purpose: the author considers the culture of vocal speech as the most important part of the choral culture, reflecting the culture of speech of different peoples. Tasks: consider choral music and offer guidelines for mastering the elements the art of vocal speech and the systematization of its patterns in singing. Methods: the author considered the basic provisions of the technique of vocal speech, its techniques and exercises. Hypothesis: the degree of expressiveness of the word in singing only then acquires emotional expressiveness when it fully reaches the listener. As a result of the work, the author offers recommendations for mastering the closest connection between the nature of the formation of phonemes and the quality of vocal sound, established scientific research in the field of orthoepy and conditions that help voice formation, the work of the vocal apparatus and speech organs.


Town-building development is an integral part of investment and municipal development and an important prerequisite for the formation of a favorable investment climate characterizing the qualitative level of the administrative-territorial units (ATU) development. In turn the system of town-building cadastre and investment activity of regional enterprises and organizations reflect the effectiveness of the institutional aspect of state building and being the driving force for an active investment policy provide the opportunity to attract the material and intangible potential of the ATU to the sphere of town-planning development. The effectiveness of the interconnection of these both components reconstitutes in the individuality of town-building architecture phenomenon. Therefore receiving an effective mechanism in consequence of the interaction of all participants in the town-planning development process with the aim of creating town-building cadastre system as an instrument for providing investment climate is an important cause for ATU development. The problems of creating the town-building cadastre and monitoring in Ukraine have been investigated in the works of national scientists, such as V. A. Smilka, M.M.Domin, A. A. Liashchenko, O. V. Dobrokhodova and others. The question of the investment climate in town-building activity is not sufficiently investigated. Mostly the experts of state bodies carry out work on planning the development of ATU within the limits of their authority. Therefore, the scientific side of the issue needs further analysis. The analysis of the national legal framework made it possible to establish that ATU development in Ukraine is within the legal framework. However, the shortcomings of the mechanism for implementing the norms of laws and by-laws do not allow attracting significant investment funds for the ATU, and the lack of budget funds deprives town-building ideas further development. European experience shows that the practice of effectively functioning town-building cadastre and monitoring is an integral part of town-building activities. The balance between decentralization and centralization in the process of building the mechanism of participants interaction in the town-building activity enabled to make a positive forecast for improving the investment climate, saving through information and automation and increasing the activities of government and local self-government bodies. The author's position is that in the process of creating a system of town-building cadastre the national regulatory framework allows focusing not only on performing state functions in attracting investment, but also on expanding the horizons of search, involving all interested participants and improving the mechanism of their interaction during town-building activities.


We propose a new strategy for probing the power spectrum on large scales using galaxy peculiar velocities. We explore the properties of surveys that cover only two small fields in opposing directions on the sky. Surveys of this type have several advantages over those that attempt to cover the entire sky; in particular, by concentrating on galaxies in narrow cones, these surveys are able to achieve the density needed to measure several moments of the velocity field with only a modest number of objects, even for surveys designed to probe scales ≳100 h-1 Mpc. We construct mock surveys with this geometry and analyze them in terms of the three moments to which they are most sensitive. We calculate window functions for these moments and construct a χ2 statistic that can be used to put constraints on the power spectrum. In order to explore the sensitivity of these surveys, we calculate the expectation values of the moments and their associated measurement noise as a function of the survey parameters such as density and depth for several popular models of structure formation. In addition, we have studied how well these kinds of surveys can distinguish between different power spectra and found that, for the same number of objects, cone surveys are as good as or better than full-sky surveys in distinguishing between popular cosmological models. We find that a survey with 200-300 galaxy peculiar velocities with distance errors of 15% in two cones with an opening angle of ~10° could put significant constraints on the power spectrum on scales of 100-300 h−1 Mpc, where few other constraints exist. We believe that surveys of the kind we describe here could provide a valuable tool for the study of large-scale structure on these scales and present a viable alternative to full-sky surveys.


The present invention is not only novel dihydro thienopyrimidine of formula (1), salts allowed These pharmaceutically, diastereomers, enantiomers, racemates, relates hydrates, or solvates, these respiratory disease or disorder, are suitable for the treatment of diseases or disorders of the gastrointestinal, joints, skin or inflammatory diseases of the eye, peripheral nervous system or central nervous system disorders, or cancer diseases. The pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the present invention are disclosed. [Formula 1]


Background: Hepatic cirrhosis develops within 20-30 years in approximately 20% of individuals chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Aims and Objective: This study aimed to determine the distribution of HCV genotypes in patients with HCV-associated HCC in our region and thus to contribute to the epidemiology of HCV.
Materials and Methods: HCC patients referred to the virology laboratory for HCV genotype identification between January 2013 and April 2018 were included in this study. Genotyping of HCV was performed by a commercial reverse hybridization line probe-based assay.
Results: Seventeen patients who were diagnosed with HCC and whose HCV genotypes were analyzed were included in this study. Genotype 1 was detected in all 17 patients with HCC. When evaluating subtypes of genotype 1, genotype 1b was detected in 16 (94%) of the patients. The HCV subtyping in one patient (6%) could not be performed.
Conclusion: As a result, genotype 1b, one of the major risk factors for HCC, was detected in 94% of the patients included in this study. This study, consistent with the literature, shows a high association between the development of HCC and genotype 1b in patients with chronic HCV.


The architecture of web farm is proposed, and its key technologies i.e. load balance of requests from clients, cluster parallel file system and high availability environment are designed and implemented. Experiment shows this system has good performance and high availability.


The article is based on the research of distinctions in a standard of living of urban and rural population of the Vologda region. For the analysis and estimation of a living standard were used such major indicators, as size and changing of monetary incomes, structure of expenses, housing, consumption of product and services, level of savings, leisure spending.


A new qualitative method for investigating parental identity, the Parenting Narrative Interview (PNI), is introduced. Participants included 28 married couples (N = 56 individuals) with preschool children. Narratives of five meaningful temporally bounded parenting experiences (Marker Experiences) and meaningful experiences in five parenting domains (Domain Experiences) were coded for `parenting voice': I Only, I Context, We Complementary, We Compare, and We Joint. Across all narratives, We Joint and I Only voices were most frequently used. In Marker Experiences, no sex differences in voice usage were evident, but parents predominantly used We Joint voice in describing how they became parents, shifting to I Context and I Only for early experiences, and then to I Only for recent experiences as well as for anticipated future experiences. In Domain Experiences, fathers less often than mothers used I Voice in caregiving, promoting development, and arranging and planning narratives, and more often used We Joint in stories about their relationship with the child. With parenting voice interpreted as reflecting the balance within parental identity among self-as-solo-parent and varying kinds of co-parental selves, parental identity becomes progressively less co-parental and more solo-parental across narrative time. Compared to mothers, fathers construct their parental identity related to caregiving, promoting development, arranging and planning, and their relationship with the child as relatively more co-parental (i.e., more situated in the context of the relationship with the partner).


The size,shape and distribution of solid phase particle in semi-solid slurry lie mainly on the formation and evolution of liquid phase during remelting of the alloy.As-cast microstructure of AZ91D alloy was improved with rare earth(RE) 0.5% addition.The microstructural evolution was studied during semi-solid isothermal treatment,and the mechanism of fabrication and controlling of non-dendritic microstructure was discussed.The results indicate that the transformation from the primary phase to spheroid particle is accelerated,and the fine and symmetrical spheroid grains are gained by rare earth(RE) alloying during semi-solid isothermal treatment of magnesium alloy AZ91D.It is proposed that the microstructure in specimen is in dynamic equilibrium state of melting and crystallizing during semi-solid isothermal treatment.The high solute concentration area at dendrite root of the as-cast alloy,or the temperature/ composition fluctuations is the internal or external conditions of liquid formation in solid particle.


ABSTRAK

This study aims to analyze the effect of total assets, business risk, asset growth and profitability on stock prices. The research method used is descriptive and verification methods. The population in this study is the Mining sector, Crude Oil and Gas Sub-Sector and Coal Sub-Sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2015-2018 period as many as 35 companies. Determination of the sample in this study using purposive sampling method. The number of samples in this study were 33 companies with a total of 132 company financial reports. The data analysis technique used panel data regression, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. The results of the study found that total assets, asset growth and profitability had a positive and significant effect on stock prices. Meanwhile, business risk has a negative and significant effect on stock prices.


Hydrolysis of angiotensin I by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) or hydrolysis of methionine enkephalin by 70 kDa metallo-oligopeptidase PepO from Lactococcus lactis was inhibited by β-casein (CN) fragments 58-72, 193-209 and 194-209; however, inhibition of PepO by each of these β-CN peptides was markedly stronger. Separation of the water-soluble extract from Norvegia (Gouda type) cheese by reversed-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography and by gel filtration chromatography showed that highly active ACE-inhibitory peptides were not identical with peptides having a high inhibitory activity against PepO. Polyclonal antibodies were raised against β-CN f 58-72 and 193-209 conjugated to hemocyanin. Antibodies raised against β-CN f58-72 (1.68 kDa) were particularly immunoreactive with peptides in the range 1.0 to 2.5 kDa, but showed little or no reactivity against β-CN f58-70 or β-casomorphin (β-CN f60-66). Antibodies raised against β-CN f193-209 (1.88 kDa) recognised peptides in the range 1.0-2.5 kDa, although they also reacted strongly with whole β-casein. Immunoblotting and inhibitory ELISA showed that Cheddar, Jarlsberg, Norvegia and Blue cheeses contain variable amounts of peptides immunoreactive with antibodies specific for β-CN f58-72 and β-CN f193-209. Les proteines du lait contiennent des sequences de peptides bioactifs. Cette etude compare l'inhibition d'oligopeptidase de type PepO et d'enzyme convertissant l'angiotensine I (ACE) par des peptides dans l'extrait hydrosoluble de fromages, des peptides separes de fromage de Norvege et l'immunoreactivite de peptides de fromage avec des anticorps specifiques pour 2 fragments de β-caseine.


Abstract Investigating the stories behind the makers of 3D models of crystals has proved unexpectedly unstraightforward. Drawing on actor-network theory (ANT), this article investigates the references behind a set of models of mineralogical crystals made of pasteboard held by National Museums Scotland (NMS), to uncover the history and tradition of such models and the role that pedagogy plays in their stories. The contributions of many of the main actors have been neglected, dismissed, ignored, forgotten, or otherwise rendered invisible in the historical record, either intentionally or accidentally. It became clear, however, that there was a significant tradition of modelling in paper, from the earliest years of learning, play and education. Many more people than those intending to become professional model makers were capable of making paper models of subjects from the crystals found in rocks, to buildings made of them.


Effect of magnesium calcium treatment on morphology,size and distribution of sulfides in non-quenched and tempered 38MnS6 steel was investigated based on quantitative metallography and electron spectroscopy analysis.The results suggest that typeⅡ sulfide is replaced by type Ⅲ and typeⅠby treatment,and the distributions of sulfides become more uniform though the sizes are bigger.The hot deformability of sulfide increases with the decrease of content of modification agent in sulfides or with the increase of the size of sulfides.An improved dispersion of sulfides can be achieved by combined magnesium and calcium treatment.


Magnetometry has emerged as an effective tool for UXO discrimination. The current approach is based upon the magnetic dipole moment recovered from the inversion of surface total-field magnetic anomalies. However, the reliability of inversion will be strongly influenced by the noise in the data such as that produced by magnetic soils in the background geology. We examine this problem to understand under what conditions the magnetic dipole inversion will be severely affected and, when such conditions occur, how to alleviate the effect. We achieve this by evaluating the errors of the dipole inversion due to different soil susceptibilities. The magnetic susceptibility of soils is modeled as a correlated random process whose spectral property is estimated using the TEM data from Kaho'olawe, Hawaii. The UXO response is modeled as that of a dipole embedded in the soil. Inverting the total-field response using a large number of soil realizations yields a reliable estimate of the errors. To remove the soil effect, we propose to preprocess the data before applying inversion. We show that a Wiener optimal filter can be used as a preprocessing tool to alleviate the effect of the soil response and reduce the errors of inverted dipole parameters, thus providing better confidence in discrimination.


In this study, results predictions on Japan's national elections are made by analyzing data obtained through social listening. The amount of information sent by end users has become enormous as expressed as "information explosion", and social media is a representative source of such information. Social listening on national elections after the internet campaign became available in 2013 was conducted in this study, and a new finding in results predictions that could replace a conventional prediction method, especially in the proportional representation system, was made.


Menopause is a natural and universal event in women's life cycle. Menopause is defined as the end of menstrual periods can be determined retrospectively. Menopause is characterized by physical changes, hormonal and psychosocial nature simultaneously.Although the bodies of all women work in the same way, women experience varies to face menopause. In addition the changes in the menstrual cycle, women who experience menopause often report a number of physical and emotional symptoms. It is often difficult to determine whether the symptoms are caused by hormonal or psychosocial factors.Decision making hormone therapy for women involves balancing the potential benefits against the potential risks of hormone therapy. High prevalence psychiatric disorders in elderly women and the difficulties managing this disorder with psychopharmacology, several authors have explored the benefits of psychotherapy for menopausal women.


The current CCP has expanded the list of articles dealing with the conduct and sanctions imposed on acts that violate the dignity of justice. It was investigated in this article what sanctions, limits, subjects and destination of any credits deriving from the conduct listed in articles 161 and sole paragraph of art. 918, both of CCP, being proposed as a hypothesis the systematic interpretation; the presentation of penalties and conduct in a closed list; and the fractional systematics in gender and species. It was concluded by the confirmation of the hypotheses proposed.


Introduction: Posterior Urethral Valve (PUV) is a commonest cause of urinary outflow obstruction leading to childhood renal failure, bladder dysfunction and somatic growth retardation. The incidence of PUV is 1 in 5000 to 8000 male birth. The objective and scope of present study is to compare the long term result posterior urethral valves that are managed by different techniques at our institute. Material and Methods: Study was carried out in SN Medical College Agra India. It is a retrospective study of the patients who were managed from 2007-17 and followed up in our department. Results: 76% patients presented with urinary symptoms, 16.7% presented with septicemia and 6.3% presented with failure to thrive. Valve ablation was the primary mode of treatment in 23 patients, vesicostomy 5 patients and high diversion in 2 patients. Vesicoureteric reflux was present in 26 patients. According to IAP classification of growth and development 17 patients were normal 4 patients had PEM grade-I and 3 patients in each grade II, III and IV. 4 patients developed chronic renal failure and 3 patients had stage renal disease. Conclusion: Posterior urethral valve is a dynamic disease that can have lifelong effects on bladder. These patients need long term follow up care to monitor and treat the effects of altered bladder compliance. a and the for the of nephrouropathies in pyelectasis the the of up


The biological and chemical agents which cause food poisoning are many and varied but that they almost all have one feature in common: they accompany the animal from the stable to the table. For this reason, any attempt to maintain a high level of protection of consumers without taking account of what is happening throughout the whole production chain leads to failure. The stable to table approach to food safety is a holistic approach embracing all elements, which may have an impact on the safety of food, at every level of the food chain from animal feed manufacturers to consumers. The phrase is used to encompass the production of all foods of animal origin and can be applied not only to meat but also to milk, eggs, fish and other products from aquaculture (2). However, the major sources of environmental chemicals may contaminate animal feed and constitute a hazard not only to animal health but also to human. Therefore, some researchers suggest that phase "from the field to the table" is more adequate. Apart from environmental contaminants, foods may contain chemicals used as veterinary drugs, food additives, processing aids, mycotoxins or natural toxins, which are not taken into consideration in this paper. The main purpose of this work was to compare chemical contamination of environment, feeds for animals and food of animal origin on the basis of the most recent results of national monitoring systems.


Involvement of young people in prostitution has been an increasingly familiar phenomenon in recent years. This article explores some of the matters related to it during those years. First, it reviews what has been happening during the 1990s. Second, it demonstrates, via a recent case study, some of the issues, debates and controversies that are related to youth prostitution. Third, it examines the latest developments in the United Kingdom before considering some of the international developments and implications for those involved in youth prostitution. Finally, some of the effects of 'new technologies' are considered while contemplating what remains to be done about the battle to combat youth prostitution.


Wireless Sensor Networks is a collection of wireless sensor nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the aid of any established infrastructure or centralized administration. Routing protocols in wireless sensor networks helps node to send and receive packets. Traditional hierarchical routing algorithms combine adaptability to changing environments with energy aware aspects. In this project a new distributed, self organizing, robust and energy efficient, hierarchical energy efficient routing protocol is proposed for sensor networks .The proposed routing is based on Low-Power Localized Clustering (LLC).In this structure, which nodes can construct from the position of their 1-hop neighbors. This also describes route maintenance protocols to respond to predicted sensor failures and addition of new sensors. The LLC to a k-level hierarchical algorithm will improve the network energy management. The LLC protocol is compared with the existing Localized - Power Efficient Data Aggregation Protocol (L-PEDAP) and Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector routing protocol (AODV). The performance of these three routing protocols (L- PEDAP, AODV, and LLC) is based on metrics such as packet delivery Fractions, end to end delay, energy consumption and throughput, Also this work will analyze and compare the performance of protocols using NS-2.34, when various other mobility models are applied to these protocols.


In 1999, the Indonesian People's Consultative Assembly enacted the First Amendment to the 1945 Constitution. Over each of the next three years, it passed a further amendment. This paper argues that the amendments lacked what have widely been accepted as key features of a democratic constitution-making process. Many of the problems related to fundamental issues within the Constitution itself. It contained two aspects seen as crucial to the identity and survival of the country by most nationalists: the rejection of an Islamic state and the imposition in its place of a nationalist state ideology, the Pancasila. This paper proposes that to resolve the difficult relationship between Islam and the state - for the immediate future at least - the preamble and Article 29 should be made as a non-amendable and 'entrenched'. From Indonesia's experience, beside observing the general characteristics of constitution-making process in transition, scholars should note how the symbolic value of the 1945 Constitution strongly overshadowed the way the constitutional reform took place. Keywords: Constitution, Democracy, Amendment, Reform, Indonesia.


Sialic acid‐binding immunoglobulin‐like lectin (Siglec)‐15 has recently been identified as a critical tumour checkpoint, augmenting the expression and function of programmed death‐ligand 1. We raised a monoclonal antibody, A9E8, specific for Siglec‐15 using phage display. A9E8 stained myeloid leukaemia cell lines and peripheral cluster of differentiation (CD)33+ blasts and CD34+ leukaemia stem cells from patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). By contrast, there was minimal expression on healthy donor leucocytes or CD34+ stem cells from non‐AML donors, suggesting targeting Siglec‐15 may have significant therapeutic advantages over its fellow Siglec CD33. After binding, A9E8 was rapidly internalised (half‐life of 180 s) into K562 cells. Antibodies to Siglec‐15 therefore hold therapeutic potential for AML treatment.


The objective of the analyses described here was to develop thresholds defining clinically meaningful response on the total and item scores of the 6‐item short‐form Headache Impact Test (HIT‐6) in a population of patients with chronic migraine (CM).


The short characteristic of 6 tetraploid populations according to the content in grain of protein and oil, common sugars is given, calculated the energy value of corn. The raised content in tetraploid weevil of protein, oil in comparison with the diploid standard is established. Dynamics of selection is calculated for the high-protein and high-oil content in tetraploid populations of maize. Comparison of the values of total sugar content in homozygous for the gene su Caryopsides revealed no significant differences between the 2n and 4n weevil. Studies sugar content in homozygous and heterozygous for the gene su 2 weevil tetraploid and diploid maize showed that quantitative values may vary widely depending on the condition and the number of alleles. Furthermore, gene interaction interallelic su can change the values of various fractions sugar content depends on the relation of dominant and recessive alleles at a locus as 2n corn and a 4n corn. Therefore, the study of new combinations endosperm mutations in tetraploid maize will provide not only new knowledge about the interactions of these genes, but also change within broader quantitative and qualitative composition of the chemical components of grains. At the same tetraploid sugar corn in comparison with the standard diploid protein content above 2.69 % and 1.65 % oil below. Perhaps this difference is due to the large size of the tetraploid embryo of sweet corn in comparison with diploid. Analysis of total water-soluble sugars and hydrolyze-able tetraploid grain corn showed no significant differences in the total sugar content. However, when comparing the content of soluble and hydrolyze-able sugars it was revealed that corn tetraploid reduced content of water-soluble sugars and increased content of hydrolyze-able. Tetraploid populations of maize studied in the experiment showed significant differences from the diploid standard on the biochemical composition and energy value of corn. The selection in populations of tetraploid corn is more effective, than at the diploid. In this case, prolonged the selection dynamics of growth in oil content is higher than the protein.


We illustrate a novel strategy to robustly generate combs in microring resonators pumped with a continuous-wave laser source, by employing genetic algorithms to optimize the parameters required for coherent state generation.


Confusion is a common cause of acute admissions, encompassing dementia, delirium and depression (Bostwick, 2000). Because of this diagnostic challenge, acute confusion is often misdiagnosed and undertreated; one study found this to be the case in 94% of older people in hospitals (Ski and O'Connell, 2006). For a foundation doctor it can be difficult to know where to start with such a patient and yet this type of admission is extremely common. This article raises awareness of the appropriate management of a patient with confusion as part of good medical practice and thus improve the quality of care for patients with dementia and delirium in hospitals.


The basic spirit of Confucianism and its theory of "ren"(benevolence) is one kind of generous humanitarianism which is different from the western humanitarianism which has the main characteristic of ideal and abstract. In Lun Yu (The Analects of Confucius), the realistic characteristic unwraps into the follows: the establishing of ren on the base of consanguinity nature, the naturally mental mechanism of putting oneself in the place of another, the belittling for gods, the opposing for the killing and the making the peoples practical happiness the highest standard, and so on.


This paper deals with the harmonic current sharing for the parallel operation of 400 Hz inverters. As is known, the sharing of harmonic current is not guaranteed by the conventional droop method. For high power 400 Hz inverters, the modulation frequency ratio is fairly low, which cause difficulties to maintain low total harmonic distortion content in the output voltage. A new technique which allowed paralleled inverters to share linear and nonlinear load is presented. With this new approach, the harmonic circulating current between the inverters could be identified. The new method also introduces droop method and repetitive control into the control system to eliminate the cross currents. The results from the simulation in Matlab and the experiment in the 1.5 kW platform show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed solution.


ABSTRACT Veterinarians require effective communication skills for interacting with clients, colleagues and other people, but very little emphasis has been placed on these skills either in the professional literature, or in the curricula of veterinary schools. In this study questionnaires were used to assess attitudes of Queensland veterinary students and recent graduates to various aspects of communication. These revealed that students entered the veterinary course with a relatively low appreciation of the importance to a veterinarian of the skills needed to interact effectively with people, but placed high importance on skills for dealing with animals. As the students proceeded from first to fifth year, they became increasingly aware of the relative importance to veterinarians of understanding and communicating with people. Formal teaching of communication skills to veterinary students has recently been pioneered at the University of Queensland. This involves a sequence of subjects in the first, third an...


This research was conducted to investigate the effect of graded levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield of calendula and fertility status of soil after harvest of calendula, during winter season October 2018 to March 2019 at Horticulture Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur. The treatments comprised of four levels of each nitrogen 50, 75, 100, 125 kg ha-1 and phosphorus 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-1 The fertilizers applied as per the treatments for evaluate the yield of calendula and soil fertility status after harvest of calendula. The Experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The maximum number of flowers plant-1 (55.16), flower yield (94.60) q ha-1 with respect to yield parameters were recorded significantly higher in (100 kg N ha-1 + 50 kg P ha-1) and pH of soil (7.63), EC of soil (0.509 dS m-1), organic carbon (5.99 g kg-1), available N in soil (327.32 kg ha-1), available P in soil (22.81 kg ha-1) and available K in soil (354.05 kg ha-1) with respect to soil reaction and soil fertility status were recorded significantly higher in treatment (N3P3-125 kg N ha-1 + 75 kg P ha-1).


The vapor-compression cycle for refrigeration near ambient temperature achieves high efficiency because the isenthalpic expansion of the condensed liquid is a rather efficient process. However, temperatures are limited to about 200 K with a single-stage system. Temperatures down to 77 K are possible with many stages. In the case of microcryocoolers using microcompressors, pressure ratios are usually limited to about 6 or less. As a result, even more stages are required to reach 77 K. If the microcompressors can be fabricated with low-cost wafer-level techniques, then the use of many stages with separate compressors may become a viable option for achieving temperatures of 77 K with high efficiency. We analyze the ideal thermodynamic efficiency of a cascade Joule-Thomson system for various temperatures down to 77 K and with low pressure ratios. About nine stages are required for 77 K, but fewer stages are also analyzed for operation at higher temperatures. For 77 K, an ideal second-law efficiency of 83 % of...


For AlGaN/GaN heterojunction field-effect transistors, on-state-bias-stress (on-stress)-induced trapping effects were observed across the entire drain access region, not only at the gate edge. However, during the application of on-stress, the highest electric field was only localized at the drain side of the gate edge. Using the location of the highest electric field as a reference, the trapping effects at the gate edge and at the more distant access region were referred to as localized and non-localized trapping effect, respectively. Using two-dimensional-electron-gas sensing-bar (2DEG-sensing-bar) and dual-gate structures, the non-localized trapping effects were investigated and the trap density was measured to be ∼1.3 × 1012 cm−2. The effect of passivation was also discussed. It was found that both surface leakage currents and hot electrons are responsible for the non-localized trapping effects with hot electrons having the dominant effect. Since hot electrons are generated from the 2DEG channel, it is highly likely that the involved traps are mainly in the GaN buffer layer. Using monochromatic irradiation (1.24–2.81 eV), the trap levels responsible for the non-localized trapping effects were found to be located at 0.6–1.6 eV from the valence band of GaN. Both trap-assisted impact ionization and direct channel electron injection are proposed as the possible mechanisms of the hot-electron-related non-localized trapping effect. Finally, using the 2DEG-sensing-bar structure, we directly confirmed that blocking gate injected electrons is an important mechanism of Al2O3passivation.


Virtualized cloud computing services are a crucial facet in the software industry today, with clear evidence of its usage quickly accelerating. Market research forecasts an increase in cloud workloads by more than triple, 3.3-fold, from 2014 to 2019 [33]. Integrating system security is then an intrinsic concern of cloud platform system administrators that with the growth of cloud usage, is becoming increasingly relevant. People working in the cloud demand security more than ever. In this paper, we take an offensive, malicious approach at targeting such cloud environments as we hope both cloud platform system administrators and software developers of these infrastructures can advance their system securities. A vulnerability could exist in any layer of a computer system. It is commonly believed in the security community that the battle between attackers and defenders is determined by which side can exploit these vulnerabilities and then gain control at the lower layer of a system [22]. Because of this perception, kernel level defense is proposed to defend against user-level malware [25], hypervisor-level defense is proposed to detect kernel-level malware or rootkits [36, 47, 41], hardware-level defense is proposed to defend or protect hypervisors [4, 51, 45]. Once attackers find a way to exploit a particular vulnerability and obtain a certain level of control over the victim system, retaining that control and avoiding detection becomes their top priority. To achieve this goal, various rootkits have been developed. However, existing rootkits have a common weakness: they are still v detectable as long as defenders can gain control at a lower-level, such as the operating system level, the hypervisor level, or the hardware level. In this paper, we present a new type of rootkit called CloudSkulk, which is a nested virtual machine (VM) based rootkit. While nested virtualization has attracted sufficient attention from the security and cloud community, to the best of our knowledge, we are the first to reveal and demonstrate nested virtualization can be used by attackers for developing malicious rootkits. By impersonating the original hypervisor to communicate with the original guest operating system (OS) and impersonating the original guest OS to communicate with the hypervisor, CloudSkulk is hard to detect, regardless of whether defenders are at the lower-level (e.g., in the original hypervisor) or at the higher-level (e.g., in the original guest OS). We perform a variety of performance experiments to evaluate how stealthy the proposed rootkit is at remaining unnoticed as introducing one more layer of virtualization inevitably incurs extra overhead. Our performance characterization data shows that an installation of our novel rootkit on a targeted nested virtualization environment is likely to remain undetected unless the guest user performs IO intensive-type workloads.


n Burning of native pasture affects soil, botanical composition, species development, and forage quality. It was studied five management systems of native pasture under grazing condition: biennial burning for more than 100 years; without burning for 32†years with or without mowing; and pasture improvement for 7 and 24†years. The experimental design was a completely randomized one, with three replications. Crude protein and in†vitro organic matter digestibility were greater in im- proved and mowed areas. The level of N did not differ among treatments, while the levels of P, K, Ca and Mg were greater in improved area as compared to other treatments. The tissue nutrient quantity accumulated, as result of forage production, was greater in the systems without burning.


During the period December 1976 through February 1977, three regular monthly ozone profiles were measured at Wallops Flight Center, two special soundings were taken at Antigua, West Indies, and at the Churchill Research Range, monthly activities were initiated to establish stratospheric ozone climatology. This report presents the data results and flight profiles for the period covered.


With the evolutionary change in information and communication technologies (ICT), the definition of literacy has undergone substantial change to include the skills and strategies required to successfully adapt to the rapidly changing ICT contexts. This new definition presents an urgent need to acknowledge the gap between the types of reading experiences students come across at school and those they regularly practice outside the school. One way to bridge such gap is to expand the reading instruction to incorporate electronic reading device, like Kindle, to engage students in electronic reading. Many e-books feature multimodal functionalities, including audio, video, hyperlinks, and interactive tools. Research on this form of reading is still in its infancy in spite of some positive prospects for fostering literacy development and reading comprehension. Therefore, adopting a mixed method approach with 36 college freshmen in central Taiwan, the current study intended to fill in the void by investigating any difference in readers' reading comprehension and reading motivation, between the Kindle group and the print-based group. The results indicate that embedding aspects of technology into a traditional reading instruction boosted the participants' motivation to read. Nevertheless, the novelty-driven enthusiasm for electronic reading might not sustain students' reading motivation long enough to cultivate long-lasting reading habits. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in reading comprehension between two groups. Implications for utilizing electronic readers in EFL classes are also provided.


In federal states, such as Canada, the negotiation and implementation of international economic and trade agreements require delicate collaboration between federal and sub-national levels of government. This article examines the legal complexities of the Canadian Constitution with respect to the division of powers between the federal and provincial levels of government as they relate to the implementation of the WTO Agreement and the North American Free Trade Agreement. The legal issues explored have not as yet been determined by the Canadian courts and for this reason remain highly relevant to the implementation of economic and trade agreements in the future.


A solenoid valve battery includes in each case a solenoid valve (9), which exhibits coil contacts and can be constructed advantageously for the variation of the number of device components for the handling of connections and for cable assembly as well as with respect to its device size. A pluggable connector module (13) is furnished for the contacting of the protective grounded conductor (19), of the signal line, and of the neutral conductor (20). At least one protective grounded conductor (19) and/or a parallel running neutral conductor (20) are through-connected and running in the longitudinal extension direction (17) of the strip. The grounded conductor (19) and the neutral conductor (20) can be contacted by plugging the connector modules (13) together in longitudinal direction. A signal line (21) is furnished individually at each connector module (13) and includes a connector clamp (23) at an input (22) and a connection to the corresponding coil contact (20a) at an output (24).


A biomedical task in which the definitions and properties of applied research indicators under study in bioinformatics is formalized. A wide range of traditional approaches used for predicting medical time series were reviewed. Advanced algorithms for predicting moments of reversals of biomedical trends based on machine learning tools were investigated as well. The effectiveness of different kinds of approaches was discussed, and related examples are given. An original securities price dynamics trend classification algorithm, based on the use of the sliding window methodology and biomedical avatar, is described. A general scheme of the classification algorithm to identify biomedical market phases is analyzed and results of computer modelling are presented. Selection of initial and resulting metrics is grounded.