The development of advanced MOSFETs for future IC technology generations is discussed from the perspective of the 2001 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). Starting from overall chip circuit requirements, MOSFET and front-end process integration technology requirements and scaling trends are discussed, as well as some of the key challenges and potential solutions. These include the use of high-k gate dielectrics, metal-gate electrodes, and perhaps the use of non-classical devices such as double-gate MOSFETs in the later stages of the ITRS.


Our English-Chinese cross-language IR system is trained from parallel corpora; we investigate its performance as a function of training corpus size for three different training corpora. We find that the performance of the system as trained on the three parallel corpora can be related by a simple measure, namely the out-of-vocabulary rate of query words.


In article it is considered universal models archetypes, the analysis of interrelation of a preferred archetype and emotional characteristics of the person is given.


Diploid isolates of Armillaria ostoyae were obtained from 278 trees (including stumps, Pinus banksiana seedlings, and hardwood regeneration) and 78 solitary basidiomes on three 50 × 25 m plots (two clearcut and one uncut) in a Pinus resinosa – P. banksiana stand in northern Minnesota. Based on pairings among 439 isolates, 16 somatic incompatibility groups of A. ostoyae were distinguished on the three plots. Analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial markers suggests that many of the A. ostoyae genets are closely related and were possibly established by sib-related basidiospores. Analysis of molecular markers of 95 isolates representing the 16 somatic incompatibility groups delineated 16 nuclear and 8 mitochondrial haplotypes. All isolates tested within a somatic incompatibility group were identical for nuclear and mitochondrial haplotypes; a single exception consisted of a somatic incompatibility group with three different nuclear genotypes. The combination of somatic incompatibility and molecular data indicat...


The FASTARSM Operations System Platform is a set of systems that provide AT&T's fast automated restoration capabilities. Since its introduction in March 1992, this platform has provided AT&T with dramatic improvements in network reliability. This paper describes the FASTAR platform architecture and restoration process. It then highlights three key factors in overcoming the many software engineering challenges posed by the development of the FASTAR Operations System Platform: effective software development strategies, effective implementation strategies, and teamwork.


By using Liapunov functional,this paper studied the existence and uniqueness of almost periodic solutions to the retarded Lienard equation: x·=h(y)-F(x)+∫\+t\-\{t-τ\}g(x(s)) d s,y·=-g(x)+e(t), some previous results shown in \ and \ were extended


SUMMARY Although decisions taken by social workers in cases of suspected child abuse and in looking after children in their care may be the subject of public enquiries and press comment, they will not in general incur any legal liability to compensate children who claim to have suffered as a result of these decisions. This article examines the reasons why such liability is excluded by the courts, as well as looking briefly at other mechanisms for challenging social workers' decisions. It is argued that the grounds for excluding liability are speculative and that introducing liability to this area might encourage good practice. Decisions and actions taken by social workers in the course of their practice may end up being scrutinized by the courts. This may be as part of judicial proceedings involving the social worker, for example in childcare, or it may be because a client, or someone else affected by the action, seeks to challenge the decision or to obtain compensation from the social worker. Challenges to the decision will normally seek to have the decision changed, examples of this are cases seeking to challenge community care assessments and care plans (e.g. R v Gloucestershire County Council, ex parte Barry, 1997). Alternatively, an individual may be seeking compensation from the social worker or their employer for loss resulting from something the social worker did or failed to do. In order to succeed in such a claim, the person must show loss (this may be some physical harm, but is more likely to be emotional or psychological harm) and will have to show that the social worker acted negligently, recklessly or intended to injure them. It will normally be the employer of the social worker who is sued because of the legal doctrine of vicarious liability (which means that employers can be sued for what


This paper will examine two public transportation hubs, as examples of public space, in Gothenburg, Sweden, from a gender perspective by investigate how gender equality is discussed in planning pro ...


Amie Skilton, nd, dbm, bhsc, will address the topic of battling chronic inflammation at Inflammation: Cooling the Heat, a conference presented September 30 through October 1, 2016, at the Scottsdale Hilton Hotel in Scottsdale, Arizona, sponsored by InnoVision Professional Media. Dr Skilton graduated in 2001 with a diploma in botanical medicine, an advanced diploma in naturopathy, and a BHSc in complementary medicine. She has been in clinical practice for more than 14 years and worked concurrently for the BioCeuticals technical team for almost 11 years as a presenter, educator, and writer. She is also involved in corporate health, lecturing at numerous companies as part of their occupational health and safety programs. She specializes in several areas of integrative medicine, including women's health and hormones, natural fertility, healthy pregnancy, and healthy baby and child development.


Computer modeling and simulation provide an effective, inexpensive, and realistic instruction tool for many domains that require a substantial investment for initial and ongoing training. We have designed and developed a qualitative model-based reasoning system, the BoilerModel, for such a domain, the boiler operations in a steam propulsion engineering plant. The primary purpose is to train personnel operating the boiler, which is a complex system consisting of valves, piping, and components and requiring continual refresher for watchstanders to perform their jobs safely. The BoilerModel accurately models a 1200 psi D-type boiler and its associated peripherals. The design and use of a qualitative model focusing on fundamental intracomponent relationships ("first principles") and constraint propagation result in compact and efficient code since there is no need for the extensive rule base found in conventional expert systems. Implementation in Ada permits the use of concurrent multitasking to simulate simultaneous valve propagation found in real-world boiler systems.


Background and Objectives:Overnight polysomnography (PSG) in a sleep laboratory is the standard method of confirming the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, PSG is expensive, time-consuming, uneasily accessible and labor-intensive, thus the need for ambulatory screening tests. The aim of this study was to find out the usefulness of ApneaLinkTM by comparing respiratory parameters derived from ApneaLinkTM with those of PSG. Subjects and Method:A prospective study was undertaken using 40 patients for whom polysomnography and ApneaLinkTM were performed. Apnea index (AI), hypopnea index(HI), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from ApneaLinkTM were obtained automatically and those from PSG were scored. All parameters were compared between PSG and ApneaLinkTM. Results:The correlation coefficience of AI, HI, and AHI, which are all attainable by both PSG and ApneaLinkTM, were 0.73, 0.53, and 0.78, respectively. The results of PSG and ApneaLinkTM showed no statistical difference. The positive predictive value was 0.9, sensitivity 91% and specificity 73% in ApneaLinkTM. Conclusion:ApneaLinkTM might be clinically useful as a screening device of OSA and as a follow-up study of patients after surgery based on its high correlation with PSG and positive predictive value. (Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2008;51:878-82)


The virulence of five strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis, as judged by their ability to survive in the respiratory tract and induce pneumonia in CBA mice, was related to the ability of viable organisms to persist in the peritoneal cavity. This appeared to be the result of differences in the ability of the strains to resist killing by peritoneal macrophages in vivo. It is suggested that resistance to phagocytosis by macrophages is an important determinant of virulence for M. pulmonis.


The body is a powerful symbolic form and all bodily activities are expressions of culture. The look, size, shape and physicality of bodies are perceived by all and compared to particular cultural standards. In this way the body is inscribed with culture and can serve as a site for social control. Various discourses of the body, including those around appearance, health and fitness, circulate within societal institutions and through relations of power these impact on the way in which we come to understand bodies. In times marked by individualised responsibility for all aspects of life, the body and technologies of self around bodywork are also significant in relation to self-formation and self-government. This research investigates the impact of various cultures of the body, on pre-service physical education teachers' understandings and meaning making about bodies, fitness, health and personal engagement in bodywork. Implications for future practices in teaching, relationships with school students and messages for teacher educators are also considered.


Studies of solid-state material dynamics at high pressures ({approx}1 Mbar) and ultrahigh strain rates (>10{sup 6} s{sup -1}) are performed using a unique laser based, quasi-isentropic high-pressure acceleration platform. Vanadium foils with pre-imposed sinusoidal ripples are accelerated in the solid state with this ramped high pressure drive. This causes Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability growth at the interface, where the rate of growth is sensitive to the solid-state material properties. The RT growth history is measured by face-on radiography using synchronized laser-driven x-ray backlighters at the Omega Laser. The experimental results are compared with 2D hydrodynamics simulations utilizing constitutive models of high pressure material strength. We find that the vanadium strength increases by a factor of 3.5-4 at peak pressure, compared to its ambient (undriven) strength. Both pressure hardening and strain rate hardening are the suggested cause for this increase in strength. An analysis treating strength as an effective lattice viscosity finds that a viscosity of {approx}400 poise is required to reproduce our RT data.


The diagnosis of the hydatic cyst is relatively easy. Medical treatment is often the most recommended. The aim of this study is to evaluate the management of hydatid cyst interventions in our department and to analyze the results of our work. The study concerns 90 cases treated at the level of the surgery department of the university hospital of Setif in Algeria. The study period spans seven years and four months. The study concerned the epidemiological aspect, the clinical aspect and the therapeutic aspect. The hydatid cyst of the lung is an endemic zoonosis in our country. Contact with dogs has been found in almost all of our patients. The lung is most affected after the liver. Although the hydatid cyst of the lung is the most common, it is necessary to look for localization in particular liver. The hydatid cyst of the lung evolves spontaneously towards complications. Surgery is the reference treatment. The results of our interventions are analyzed by a technique of artificial intelligence in particular the principles of the fuzzy inference in view of the complexity and the vagueness of the factors that intervene in the process.


To measure different parameters of a spherical lens simultaneously, a method by low-coherence interferometry with a low temporal coherent light source is proposed. This proposed method can obtain both the radius of curvature and the central thickness of a spherical lens in a single optical system. Owing to the property of low temporal coherence, the contrast of interference fringe pattern, hologram, varies with the optical path difference of an object beam and a reference beam. This enables the central thickness of the test lens to acquire with a Michelson interferometer. Simultaneously, the spherical shape of the test lens, namely the radius of curvature, can be obtained from a hologram which contains information of the wavefront curvature from the reflected beam of the spherical surface of the test lens.


In this paper the problem of adaptive Kalman filtering for systems with model er-rors is discussed.A new technique that the model errors are compensated by introductingfictitious noises is presented by using adaptive Kalman filtering for systems with un-known timevarying noise statistics.Three examples of simulation of different kinds aregiven to show the usefulness of the proposed technique.


Nowadays inulin and oligofructose, also known as fructans, are of great importance towards the food industry. These fructans are classified as dietary fibres, which comes along with a lot of health benefits. These dietary fibres are applied to food products, where they can replace fat and sugars. In the Cosun Food Technology Centre a product which only contains oligofructose is analysed with AOAC 997.08. This product can also be analysed by AOAC 2009.01. This new developed method is favourable, because this method is more internationally accepted and only this method is needed to obtain the total dietary fibre content. Also this method won't give an overestimation of the total dietary fibre content as previous AOAC methods do. The product which only contains oligofructose is analysed by these two methods. The AOAC 997.08 measures the fructan content, which means the oligofructose and/or inulin content. The AOAC 2009.01 measures the total dietary fibre content, but since the product only contains oligofructose, the total dietary fibre content should be equal to the oligofructose content. Therefore the two methods should obtain the same oligofructose content in the product that is analysed. Earlier measurements at the Cosun Food Technology Centre showed that with AOAC 2009.01 3% less oligofructose content is obtained than with AOAC 997.08. The research is therefore focused on whether there is a step during AOAC 2009.01 that is causing degradation or loss of oligofructose content or not. Measurements show no clear step which could be responsible for this problem and show a difference of only 0.7% and 0.3%. This difference is a lot smaller than the 3% that is expected and can therefore also be due to the variance of both methods. A validation of both methods led to the temporarily conclusion that there is no significant difference between the results of AOAC 997.08 and AOAC 2009.01. The validation will be completed from which the significance of the difference is calculated again to make a final conclusion. Glossary α-amylase α-amylase is an enzyme, which is able to hydrolyse α-1,4-bonds of polysaccharides. During this process glucose and maltose are released. Amyloglucosidase Amyloglucosidase is an enzyme, which is able to hydrolyse the terminal 1,4-α-D-glucose of polysaccharides. During this process β-D-glucose is released. Synonyms : Exoglucosidase; 1,4-α-glucosidase. AOAC AOAC is defined as the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. They develop chemical and microbiological methods, after which they validate and publish the methods. AOAC method 997.08 An AOAC method for the analysis of the oligofructose and/or inulin content in food products. AOAC method 2009.01 An AOAC method for the analysis of the total dietary fibre content in food products. CFTC Cosun Food Technology Centre Codex Alimentarius Commission The Codex Alimentarius Commission is an international forum and an organization of the United Nations. It develops international standards for food products in order to protect the public health. Dietary fibres A short version of dietary fibres is that they are not digested in the human upper intestine and are partially or totally fermented in the colon. Inulin & oligofructose Inulin and oligofructose are dietary fibres that belong to the class of fructans. Inulin and oligofructose consist of a linear arrangement of glucose en fructose units connected by a β(2-1) glycosidic bond. This unique bond causes the prevention of hydrolysis of these polysaccharides in the human intestine. LOD Limit of detection; The lowest concentration of a sample that is able to be detected. LOQ Limit of quantification; The lowest concentration of a sample that is able to be quantified. Oligofructose Synonyms: FOS and fructo-oligosaccharide Oxyanions Oxyanions are oxygen containing atomic ions.


This paper designs a cross-domain robot (CDR) to meet the working requirements in water, land, and air environments. In order to make the robot as compact as possible, a wheel-paddle integrated design is used to realize the multiplex of drive unit in the ground and on the water surface. The robot works in different environments, so the controller which just has ability to suit single environment may not have good performance. Therefore, an adaptive controller is designed, of which control algorithm takes the ground model of CDR as the reference model, adaptively estimates the power loss coefficient when the robot works on the water surface, and dynamically adjusts the output torque of the robot. This approach does not need to design two different controllers and avoids jitter during the CDR transition between the ground and the water surface. To obtain the actual resistance of the water surface motion, a first-order extended state observer (ESO) is used. The simulation results show that the proposed control algorithm can realize the adaptive control of the CDR in the water-land environment and can effectively suppress the influence of uncertain environmental disturbance.


Shallot locally Palu (Allium cepa L. var. Aggregatum) is a local superior crops that can grow well in dry climates, especially in the Valley of Palu. The content of compounds found in local Palu shallots are include flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids. Several classes of flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids have antibacterial and antifungal activity. This study aims are to determine the antimicrobial active compounds from ethanol extract of the roots of local Palu shallot which can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans using TLC-Bioautography analysis. Determination of the group of active antimicrobial compounds was identified on the TLC plate with the eluent ratio of chloroform:methanol (8:2) and obtained 8 spots which were thought to be the active compound, namely flavonoids (Rf 0,12; 0,18; 0,30; and 0,52), saponins (Rf 0,75 and 0,82), tannins (Rf 0,80) and alkaloids (Rf 0,98). The results of the TLC-contact Bioautografi identified 1 spot stain at Rf 0,98 which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The characterization of the spots was carried out by the appearance of H 2 SO 4 10%, Dragendorff and FeCl 3 1% spots and it was suspected that the spots that inhibited the growth of the tested microbes were alkaloid compounds.


As the development of embedded-computing technology, many embedded systems deploy embedded database. The basic characteristic of the embedded databse is firstly presented. An excellent embedded database-Berkeley DB is secondly talked. Including the basic concept and the architecture of it,how to use the Berkeley DB is thirdly described.


To enhancing the performance of solar thermal system, 1st increases the thermal conductivity of heat transfer fluid (HTF) and 2nd to increase the optical properties of absorber and their coating. Nanofluids plays vitalroleinvariousthermalapplicationssuchasautomotiveindustries,heatexchangers,solarpowergeneration etc.Thispapergivesareviewabouttherecentadvancesrelatedwiththeapplicationofthenanofluidinthesolar collectors.Alotofliteraturearesummarizedtogiveawideoverviewabouttheroleofthenanofluidinimproving the performance of solar system. It was found that the use of the nano fluid in the solar system can play a significant role in increasing the efficiency of thesesystem.


This thesis highlights the role of phase interfaces on phasetransformations in metallic materials. The deviation from localequilibrium at the moving phase interface has been analysed interms of sol ...


Methacrylic azomonomers based on para-aminoacetanilide were synthesized. Azofragments include various aromatic rings: benzene, naphthalene, 8-oxyquinoline and thiazole derivatives. We studied the kinetics of their polymerization. It was shown that the polymerization rate depends on the nature of the aromatic ring in azohromofore. Structurally colored (co)polymers based on synthesized monomers were obtained and the absorption spectra of polymer films were recorded.


ABSTRACT It has been suggested that the website of a company should be considered as a means to strengthen the image of the brand. Recent online branding literature (Supphellen and Nysveen, 2001; de Chernatony and Christodoulides, 2004; Stuart and Jones, 2004; de Chernatony et al., 2006) highlights that both the functional and emotional aspects of brand characterisation, such as corporate brand images (CBI), are important to determine online consumer responses. The impact of corporate brands on the Internet has been the object of recent study. Lack of empirical research in this subject has led to the ongoing debate on whether online corporate brand values are similar to an offline context. Recognising the importance of corporate brands in an online context and in the comprehension of consumer responses, the study investigates what the corporate brand images for online context are, and whether or not they play any role in determining the consumer responses (loyalty). Using the personification approach, the research investigates the CBI of a book retailer that sells exclusively online. The findings show that corporate brand images such as Agreeableness, Innovation, Chic, Informality and Competence are significant in determining the corporate brand image of the online e-tailer and are related to consumer loyalty. The practical contribution of the study and its managerial implications are in the provision of strategic directions and positioning the corporate brand in an online context. Keywords: Online Branding, Online Corporate Brand Images, Consumer Loyalty I. INTRODUCTION Much has been written about the impact of the Internet revolution on corporate brands (Ind and Riondino, 2001; Supphellen and Nysveen, 2001; Christodoulides and de Chernatony, 2004) but the empirical studies exploring the effect of this medium on a company's brand image (or corporate brands) are very few (Merrilees and Fry, 2002). Yet, this understanding is vital to marketers because favourable brand images of a company may influence consumer patronage and consumer decision-making, while unfavourable images adversely influence such decisions and behaviours (Porter and Claycomb, 1997). Moreover, de Chertanony and Harris (2000) pointed out that understanding corporate branding is vital because a positive corporate brand will help a company achieve higher levels of performance, for example, by increasing profitability through increased sales, without having to spend enormous amounts of money on advertising. Supphellen and Nysveen (2001) suggested that the website of a company should be considered as a means to strengthen the image of the brand. However, lack of empirical research in this subject limits the understanding of corporate brand images online and whether its values from an offline could be translated into an online context. It is as yet, not clear as to how a corporate brand succeeded in both a brick and a clicks environment. This pressing managerial problem raises questions in terms of the academic understanding of consumer perception of an online corporate brand, in comparison to an offline corporate brand. It is therefore the study's intention to explore the online consumers' perceptions of corporate brand image, specifically, whether the emotional aspect of brand evaluation (through the corporate brand image) could have some influence on the intention to re-visit/re-buy from the website and brick and mortar again in the future. This study reports part of the findings from a study on corporate brand image and consumer behavioural intention in an online context. Specifically, the current study reports the finding from an investigation of corporate brand image and loyalty intention. The expanded version of this study investigates the influence of corporate brand image on consumer satisfaction, and, subsequently, loyalty intention in an online context (the details of the findings are reported in da Silva and Syed Alwi, 2008). …


The paper describes the formulation and verification of a generic SPICE macromodel for series-resonant convertor circuits. The model is derived from the averaged time-invariant state-space equations that arise from a piecewise sinusoidal approximation and its frequency domain transformation. The single macromodel so derived allows the entire convertor to be included with its control circuitry and load with little (computational) overhead. AC, DC and transient analyses can be carried out in the normal manner, in a fraction of the time required to model the entire system at component level. Simulation results based on this model have been compared with full simulations, and the results found to be in excellent agreement.


This research were to see the difference between learning motivation of students in the experimental group taught by applying group guidance service through understanding the verses of Alquran in pretest and posttest, the difference between learning motivation of the students in the experimental group taught by applying group guidance service throught understanding the verses of Alquran and that of the students in the countrol group taught by applying group guidance service without understanding the verses of  Alquran in pretest and posttest, and the difference between learning motivation of the students in the  experimental group guidance services throught understanding the verses of a Alquran and that of students in the control group guidance taught by applying group guidance service throught understanding the verses of Alquran. This research aplied pretest posttest control group design. Throught this research, the researcher gave a pretest to both sample groups. They then got different treatment. After the  treatment was done, a posttest was administrated to both groups. This kind of eksperimental researches would ensure that the difference (if the result is different) occurs between the experimental group and the control group is as the influence of the treatment given. The resesarch findings indicated that learning motivation of the students taught by applying group guidance service throught understanding the verses of Alquran increased.


FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: for production of power there is used end gas escaping from installation of production of cast iron. The installation consists of a reduction reactor for production of reduced iron from iron ore and of a furnace-gasifier wherein there is melted reduced iron for production of cast iron. Cooling water is brought to contact with end gas and is transformed into high pressure steam; there is produced power by means of at least one steam turbine whereto there is supplied steam of high pressure rotating the steam turbine. EFFECT: raised efficiency of installation. 26 cl, 5 dwg, 1 ex


About 10% of diarrheal episodes lead to significant dehydration; 1% of episodes are life-threatening. Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) replaces the body fluids lost by the body during bouts of diarrhea. Diarrhea is caused by a virus bacteria or parasite and some factors related to it are poverty poor diet lack of education and poor health and sanitary conditions prevalent in developing countries. Diarrhea vaccines are possible but not for several years; it must be determined whether to develop an oral vaccine from live genetically engineered organisms or from non-living components. Anything done to eliminate diarrheal diseases will help improve the quality of life; when fewer children die before age 5 parents may choose to have smaller families knowing they will not have to replace children who previously had a good chance of dying. Home mixes are the most popular ORT preparation and it has shown not to be crucial if the water used was clean. Researchers at the International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB) have devised a rice-based ORT solution that matches one the Chinese have had for 1000 years and are working on a maize-based solution. The rice solution is more effective than regular ones and it also is more acceptable and improves nutrition. A project run by the US Agency for International Development teaches rural people how to prevent identify and treat diarrhea diseases in the Gambia and Honduras. More centers such as ICDDRB are needed to run these programs for which political and financial backing is necessary. USAID meets 33% of the ICDDRBs needs.


Mr.Huang Zhifu is a great and patriotic rural educator in the period of Republic of China.Based on the analysis of Huang's rural educational practice,this paper probes into how Huang's thought of saving his motherland through education was formed and interprets the main idea of his thought.Meanwhile,it gives an evaluation on Huang's thought of saving his motherland through education.


The synthesis of isoavenaciolide and avenaciolide in their natural enantiomeric forms are described. In both syntheses, α-(phenylthio)-β-[(methoxycarbonyl)methyl]-γ-lactones obtained by the base-induced cyclization of enantiomerically enriched γ-[(phenylthio)acyl] α,β-unsaturated esters were used as starting materials. In the isoavenaciolide synthesis the key step is the stereoselective hydroxylation of the enolate generated in the (methoxycarbonyl)methyl chain that permits the bis-lactonization by a double transesterification. The configuration in the quaternary center vicinal to the carbonyl group in the ring was critical in order to obtain successfully the α-methylene lactone. In avenaciolide, the stereoselective synthesis of the bis-lactone unit was performed taking advantage of the presence of the phenyl sulfide group which by previous activation was used as leaving group to obtain the fused ring by an intramolecular substitution utilizing the carboxylate of the β-substituent as nucleophile. In this ...


juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is the most frequent pediatric connective tissue disease with multiorgan involvement and different outcomes and prognosis. Corticosteroids remain the base treatment option and steroid-sparing treatment is strongly required to avoid steroid toxicity. Rituximab (RTX) is one of biologics, which efficacy was proved in case reports and case series of SLE, but no data from big randomized trials, confirming the efficacy have existed.to evaluate safety and efficiency of RTX in jSLE.in the retrospective observation study the information of 48 jSLE patients (12 boys, 36 girls) who received at least one RTX dose before 18 years, included. Diagnosis was made using SLICC criteria. The main indications for RTX were high disease activity with lupus nephritis (LN), CNS and hematology disturbances (hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia) and avoiding steroid toxicity. RTX was prescribed in dosage 375 mg/m2 every week (2-4 infusions) with repeated courses every 6-12 months according disease activity, the degree of B-cell depletion and hypoIgG-emia. The dynamics of clinical, laboratory data, activity of the disease by SLEDAI, GCS doses were assessed in the onset and during RTX trial.The main patient's characteristics were: onset age 13.0 (11.5; 15.0) years, inclusion age 18.0 (16.0; 20.0) years, LN 25 (52%)/III+IV class 9/11 (82%), CNS involvement 26 (54%). Pre-RTX non-biologic conventional treatment includes: cyclophosphamide 24 (50%), MMF 14 (29%), azathyoprine 7 (15%), methotrexate 6 (13%), cyclosporine A 2 (4%). Observation period ranged from 6 months to 6 years with median time 0.75 (0.2; 2.75) years. Initial pre-RTX treatment (GCS, hydroxychloroquine, non-biologic DMARDS) partially reduced SLE activity (SLEDAI, ANA titer, anti-dsDNA level), and median GCS dose by 25% from the initial dose, without changes in proteinuria, hematuria, C3, C4, WBC, hemoglobin, PLT and ESR levels. Administration of the RTX realized in prominent reducing of SLEDAI, anti-dsDNA level, proteinuria, hematuria, C4, ESR, number of patients with anemia, thrombocytopenia, and median GCS dose by 90% from the initial. The hemoglobin level and WBC have increased. 19 patients received IVIG for treatment of MAS (n=3), infection (n=5) and as replacement treatment in cases where IgG<4.5 g/l (n=11). 3 deaths were observed due to catastrophic SLE with MAS, accompanied severe infection (invasive aspergillosis, n=2). 6 patients realized SAE: pneumonia (n=3), transient agranulocytosis (n=1) after 3rd RTX infusion and meningitis, caused by Lysteria monocytogenis, after 1st RTX infusion (further RTX treatment continued without adverse events), patella osteomyelitis (n=1). 10 patients received antibiotics for respiratory infections. On pre-RTX 13 had antibiotics (p=1.0).Table 1.Dynamics of SLE features pre-RTX and during RTX trialParameterSLE onsetRTX (baseline)pLast visitp*SLEDAI16 (11.0; 23.5)13.5 (6.5; 21.5)0.00024 (0; 8.0)0.00002Patients with elevated anti-dsDNA n, (%)33 (69)20 (42)0.00811 (23)0.034Anti-dsDNA, U/ml (n.v.<25)112 (1; 200)24.7 (1; 130)0.0590 (0; 27)0.008Proteinuria, g/l2.6 (0.8; 4.4)3.8 (0.3; 7.5)0.6870 (0; 0.2)0.004Hematuria, # cells40 (8; 86)50 (6; 120)0.1910 (0; 1)0.0016C4, g/l0.12 (0.1; 0.24)0.12 (0.06; 0.19)0.3980.15 (0.11; 0.21)0.016Patients with leucopenia, n(%)12 (25)10 (21)0.6295 (10)0.00001Patients with anemia n (%)19 (40)16 (33)0.097 (15)0.0015Hemoglobin, g/l113 (95;131)115 (91; 132)0.830128 (107; 134)0.063Patients with thrombocytopenia n (%)17 (35)9 (19)0.0052 (4)0.00001ESR, mm/h17 (8; 31)15 (7; 22)0.1347 (2; 20)0.054Patients with GCS therapy n, (%)45 (94)45 (94)1.040 (83)0.00001GCS, mg/kg1.0 (0.6; 1.0)0.75 (0.2; 1.0)0.0350.1 (0.08; 0.28)0.000001*compare to RTX baselineRTX showed effectiveness in the cases, where previous non-biologic treatment was insufficiently effective. Randomized controlled trials are required to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RTX.This research was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 075-15-2020-901)None declared


The nonlinear partial differential equations are studied for a coupled structure of a cable-stayed beam by using Hamilton's principle.The Galerkin's method is adopted to obtain ordinary differential equations of the coupled motion.The non-linear vibration of coupled structure is analyzed with the multi-scale method,and by means of Runge-Kutta's method,the numerical solutions of the differential equations at the frequency ratio of 2:1 are obtained.Through the analysis of relative response curves,the dominative factors are concluded which have significant influences on the coupled vibration of the cable-stayed beam.The conclusions are useful for engineering application.


The utility model relates to hydraulic moment changer, comprising a turbine, an idler pulley and a pump impeller, wherein the deviation value of the vane cascade outlet of the pump impeller is 0.5 to 2 mm, the deviation value of the vane cascade outlet of the turbine is 10 to 12 mm; the inlet blade angle and the outlet blade angle of the pump impeller are beta B1=95 degrees-100 degrees and beta B2=103 degrees-108 degrees; the inlet blade angle and the outlet blade angle of the turbine are beta T1=30 degrees-35 degrees and beta T2=138 degrees-143 degrees; the inlet blade angle and the outlet blade angle of the idler pulley are beta D1=38 degrees-43 degrees and beta D2=39 degrees-44 degrees. Therefore, the performance of the moment changer can be greatly improved in the condition of zero speed or low speed.


The proposal by Canada's federal health minister, Allan Rock, to save the country's healthcare system by paying half the cost of a national home care programme has been greeted contemptuously by provincial premiers. They say that he should restore billions of dollars of funding he has cut in past years before introducing such "boutique" programmes.

In a letter to …


YOLO-Tiny is a lightweight version of the object detection model based on the original "You only look once" (YOLO) model for simplifying network structure and reducing parameters, which makes it suitable for real-time applications. Although the YOLO-Tiny series, which includes YOLOv3-Tiny and YOLOv4-Tiny, can achieve real-time performance on a powerful GPU, it remains challenging to leverage this approach for real-time object detection on embedded computing devices, such as those in small intelligent trajectory cars. To obtain real-time and high-accuracy performance on these embedded devices, a novel object detection lightweight network called embedded YOLO is proposed in this paper. First, a new backbone network structure, ASU-SPP network, is proposed to enhance the effectiveness of low-level features. Then, we designed a simplified version of the neck network module PANet-Tiny that reduces computation complexity. Finally, in the detection head module, we use depthwise separable convolution to reduce the number of convolution stacks. In addition, the number of channels is reduced to 96 dimensions so that the module can attain the parallel acceleration of most inference frameworks. With its lightweight design, the proposed embedded YOLO model has only 3.53M parameters, and the average processing time can reach 155.1 frames per second, as verified by Baidu smart car target detection. At the same time, compared with YOLOv3-Tiny and YOLOv4-Tiny, the detection accuracy is 6% higher.


ABSTRACTLiquid epitaxial growth of germanium is proposed as another technique of obtaining epitaxial layers of germanium. Experimental results obtained using the indium-germanium and bismuth-germanium systems have yielded growth layers containing 1O17 carriers per cc. whereas bismuth-antimony-germanium system of liquid epitaxial growth has yielded growth layers having electronic concentration of the order of 1019 per cc. Epitaxial layers of thicknesses up to 600 microns have been obtained in the experiments conducted.Results obtained for the case of germanium have been encouraging and it is felt that the proposed technique can be applied to obtain epitaxial layers of silicon also. With the selection of suitable vehicles, growth temperatures where impurity diffusion is negligible can be attained. Thus liquid epitaxial growth technique can usefully replace the vapour epitaxial growth technique where diffusion effects have to be eliminated.


Paper machine clothing and a dyer fabric are provided to delay the abrasion of exposed lateral surfaces of the clothing, thereby maintaining the clothing for a long time even under a harsh environment. Paper machine clothing comprises a fabric body formed of a first material, wherein the fabric body has a central portion(12), a first lateral surface portion(14), and a second lateral surface portion(16) connected both sides of the central portion. The first lateral surface portion of the fabric body includes a second material, wherein the second material is a liquid crystal polymer. The second lateral portion of the fabric body includes a third material.


Cancer is a collective term covering a variety of different diseases. Therefore, any consideration of the aetiology of cancer must be based on the separate consideration of the aetiology of each different type of cancer. It follows that there is not one cause, but a variety of different factors contributing to the aetiology of cancer. These factors can be broadly divided into environmental factors and factors attributable to individual variation, which could be called host or patient factors (Table 1). All of the environmental factors (chemicals, radiation and viruses)


1. Introduction: Why Narrative? 2. Narrative in Research 3. Philosophies and Theories Underpinning Narrative 4. Analysing and Reporting Narrative in Research 5. New Ways of Viewing Validity and Reliability in Research 6. Applying Narrative - Case Studies 7. Conclusion


Conducting a conventional experiment to test an application's user interface in a lab environment is a costly and time-consuming process. In this paper, we show that it is feasible to carry out A/B tests for a multimedia application through Amazon's crowdsourcing platform Mechanical Turk involving hundreds of workers at low costs. We let workers test user interfaces within a remote virtual machine that is embedded within the HIT and we show that technical issues that arise in this approach can be overcome.


Utilizing data measured from seat and human body during human ejection tests, a human dynamic model was developed. It is an one-degree-of-freedom model. The reliability of the model prediction was confirmed by repeating human tests. The way of using the model to determine the tolerance of human body to ejection acceleration was discussed. Human tolerance was defined by injury probability of vertebrae. Limits of human tolerance were determined by combining the dynamic characteristics ofthe system with breaking strength of vertebrae. Breaking loads of vertebrae at injury probabilities of 5, 50, 95 were found to be 18.5, 21.5 and 25.7G, respectively. According to mathematic model,the maximum overshot was 50, so the corresponding ejection acceleration G levels were 12, 14 and 17G respectively. This model is the same as DRI model, but they were deduced from different ways.


 Abstract  Ernest Hemingway's novel, A Farewell to Arms, is a seminal work in American literary history. A dramatic adaptation of the work would serve to expose students to Hemingway's views on human nature and the often devastating dichotomy between love and war. The adaptation will aim to connect the current state of the world, including issues as diverse as religion, homosexual rights, the Ukrainian conflict and the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, with issues germane to Hemingway's own time. The objective of this project is to illuminate the struggle of the individual to act in accordance with moral and ethical imperatives when faced with the obstacles of doubt, disillusion and inconceivable loss. The play will examine the dire costs of war, including both the physical loss of life and the spiritual deaths which inevitably accompany it. Ultimately, the purpose of the play, as with the novel itself, will be to extol the virtues of selfless love and compassion. In addition to sources relating directly to adapting novels for the stage, I will draw from Hemingway's fiction as well as his letters, and others' writings about him during the production process. For the research symposium I will utilize historical resources relating to World War I as well as Hemingway's life as a whole.


Objective: A self-management intervention targeting cognitive dysfunction was tested whether it improves quality of life and cognition in adults with epilepsy.
 Background: Cognitive difficulties in epilepsy are highly prevalent and add to disability beyond seizures alone. However, no effective treatment or intervention currently exists.
 Methods: The HO me B ased S elf-management and CO gnitive T raining Changes lives (HOBSCOTCH) program was developed to incorporate (1) psychoeducation, (2) self-awareness training, (3) compensatory strategies, and (4) application of these strategies in day-to-day life using problem solving therapy. Quality of life (Quality of Life in Epilepsy scale, QOLIE-31) and secondary outcomes of objective cognition measured with the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS) and mood were assessed in 66 adults with epilepsy randomized to receive 8 weeks of HOBSCOTCH, with (H+) or without (H) additional working memory training on a commercial gaming device, or to a control group.
 Results: Participants in the H/H+ intervention groups showed a significant improvement in the overall quality of life score of QOLIE-31 (5±2.2SE, vs. -2.2±2.7 SE for controls, p-value 0.05), with a treatment effect of 7.1 points. There was no significant difference in a pairwise comparison between H/H+ arms Cognitive performance also significantly improved among intervention groups, predominantly in the domain of attention (RBANS, 4.9±1.6 SE within H/H+ arms compared to -2.3±2.0 SE for controls p-value 0.009). There was no significant among intervention groups change in depression.
 Conclusions: HOBSCOTCH significantly improved quality of life and appears to be an effective intervention to address cognitive dysfunction in adults with epilepsy.Acknowledgements: Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC 3U48DP001935-04S3) and the CDC9s Managing Epilepsy Well Network

 Disclosure: Dr. Caller has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ferguson has received personal compensation for activities with British Columbia Cancer Agency. Dr. Roth has received personal compensation for activities with Creare LLC. Dr. Secore has received personal compensation for activities with Lundbeck. Dr. Alexandre has nothing to disclose. Dr. Zhao has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tosteson has nothing to disclose. Dr. Henegan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Birney has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jobst has nothing to disclose.


Results of a rotordynamic analysis of a long-bearing squeeze e lm damper using a e uid circuit approach are presented. A series of nodes and branches represent the geometry of the e ow circuit. The mass and momentum conservation equations are solved to predict the pressure distribution in the squeeze e lm. The motion of the bearing issimulated by injection/removalofmass at thenodes. Themodeling methodology isbenchmarked against published experimental long-bearing squeeze e lm damper test results. The model provides good agreement with the experimental damping coefe cient.


Six different agro-industrial waste residues (rice straw, rice bran, corn flakes, wheat bran, wheat flakes, and grinded wheat kernel) were procured from the local market. These substrates (10 g) were moistened (1:1) with different moistening agents (distilled water, tap water, mineral salts solution (FeSO4.7H2O 0.02, MgSO4.7H2O 1.0, (NH4)2SO4 4.0, KH2PO4 0.6, K2HPO4 1.4 mg/gds at pH 5), 0.1 N HCl, sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.5), sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.5) and screened for the production of 1,4-α- D-glucan glucohydrolase for 96 hours in static cultures. The substrate and moistening agent that gave maximum enzyme production were selected and their fermentation conditions were further optimized. The levels of selected solid substrate, moistening agent and fermentation conditions such as pH, temperature, time of incubation, inoculum size etc. were optimized by one variable at a time method. Aspergillus oryzae IIB-6 was found to be a good producer of 1,4-α-D-glucan glucohydrolase in wheat bran medium containing mineral salts as an additional trace elements so that it can be used for biotechnological purposes.


A DNA nano-zipper built from double crossover structures is demonstrated in this work. The open and close states of the zipper are reversibly controlled by the temperature switch.


The present invention relates to a portable radio communication device, such as a slider mobile phone, wherein an antenna device therein comprises a radiating element (5, 8) which is a piece of the portable radio communication device also having another function for the portable radio communication device.


1School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. 2Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, 54 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester NY, 14623, USA 3Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA 4NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center, VP62, 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, Alabama 35805, USA 5Spitzer Science Center, 1200 E California Blvd, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA


Antibiotic resistance is a multidimensional and global problem having an effect far beyond hospital units. There is a substantial incearse in the number of scientific publications and reports commisioned by international organisations aiming to asses the consequences and costs of antibiotic resistance spread. To establish appropriate guidelines several approaches modelling further impact of antibiotic resistance on human health and economic costs were performed. The aim of this paper is to summarise knowledge about current and possible consequences of antibiotic resistance spread among bacteria.


Influence can greatly benefit fields like viral marketing, information propagation and recommender systems, while the pervasiveness of heterogeneous networks, such as Twitter, provides richer information for influence research. However, current influence research focuses on analyzing general influence, which assumes various users have similar influence over the network, without fully exploiting the rich information in underlying heterogeneous networks; while in real world, users always belong to specific domains based on these heterogeneous information (e.g. relations and interested topics). In order to enhance influence analysis by providing subtle domain-level influence view, in this paper, we present a systematic approach modeling domain influence in heterogeneous networks. We first utilize spectral clustering to generate partitioned domains based on a three-dimension heterogeneous network, which includes directional relations (i.e. followers and followees) and topics. Then we measure domain influence respectively by widely used metrics: No. of Followers, No. of Retweets, and PageRank. The experiment is conducted on the real world dataset Sina Weibo (a famous Chinese microblog). The results indicate that there is a stronger correlation between different measures in domain influence than general influence, especially when the domain is highly specialized, with the best Spearman' correlation coefficient gaining 0.42 (0.9972 – 0.5782) and Kendall' tau gaining 0.39 (0.9720 – 0.5868).


Barring vague retrosternal discomfort and transient arrhythmias, no other serious complication was encountered. The arrhythmias observed were ventricular premature contractions and supraventricular ectopic beats. Atrial fibrillation occurred in a single case and brief ventricular tachycardia in 4 cases. It is important to stress that all these cardiac arrhythmias occurred only during the procedure and were transient without warranting any therapeutic measures. None of the patients suffered from pericarditis or pericardial effusion or persistent myocardial injury following the biopsy procedure. The post-biopsy ECG was similar to the one taken before it.


Rats reveal distinct variations in response to carcinogenic action. The highest frequency of stomach tumors (69.6%) and the shortest period of their development (54.7 weeks) were registered in noninbred rats. Multiple lesions of the gastrointestinal tract were relatively frequent, too. Augustus and Penguin rats responded with a high frequency of tumor development. However, tumors arose in them later than in noninbred rats. Wistar rats appeared to be relatively resistant to MNNG action.


Based on the rigid-perfectly plastic assumption, the structural response of a free warhead under the application of concentrated force, evenly distributed force, and ramping-up force was analysed, taking the geometrical features into account. By the sectional shear force and bending moment distribution, the critical section was determined through a yield criterion based on the fully plastic bending moment. It shows that when the load is applied at the tip of the warhead, singularity occurs in the yield function at the tip, but vanishes when the applying (or starting) point of the load some distance away. The influence of the distance of the applying (or starting) point to the tip was also discussed, and was found to be important in determining the location of the critical section. As the applying (or starting) point moves away from the tip, the critical section appears near the tip first, then jumps to the cylinder part of the warhead, and when far enough, jumps back to the head of the warhead in the concentrated force case, while in the distributed force cases the critical section appears first at the cylinder part, and then jumps to the head. The critical section jumps to the head much earlier and more localized around the connecting point of the head and the cylinder in the ramping-up case than in the evenly distributed case.


Retailing today occupies a key role in the world economy. It must be concisely and clearly defined; retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final consumers for personal, non-business use. India retailing as seen in sprawling shopping center, multistored malls and huge complexes offer shopping, entertainment and food all under one roof. In India shopping malls are growing much more Shopping mall offers customers the possibility to be anything or anybody they want to be, it gives them opportunity to be free and independent even if it's just for a passing moment. CRM is potentially a useful concept in the marketing and customer services areas of a retail sector. CRM stands to be the survival mantra. Managing customer relationship effectively and effectively boots customer satisfaction and retention rates. CRM involves shopping malls enabled business processes that identify, develop, integrate and focus a business' competencies on forging valuable long-term relationships that deliver superior value to its customers. This study is undertaken to identify the CRM practices on the customer satisfaction and retention in organized retail shopping malls in Bangalore city India. The required data of study would be collected from both primary as well as secondary sources. Liker scale was used in designing the questionnaire, A sample of 142 respondents was taken from different malls located in bengaluru city has been selected for the reliability of the analysis. The hypothesis has been tested by using ANOVA and Result of research as concluded the important to enhance the CRM practices makes better to shopping at retail stores in shopping malls at Bangalore city.


PURPOSE. To compare the clinical outcomes of two adjacent 6-mm-long dental implants splinted under the same prosthesis (control group) versus two


With the continuously expanding terrible pandemic of COVID-19 infection, globally increasing numbers of COVID-19 patients and contacts progressively jump to heavy burdens beyond capabilities. Developing and poor countries may face humanity disasters in the next few days unless urgent measures are rapidly performed. Standard anti-COVID-19 treatment should inhibit COVID-19 replication, repair virus-induced tissue damage and enhance patients' immunity. Unfortunately, such criteria are still lacking in current treatments resulting in relatively high viral infectivity, morbidity and mortality. Based on previous prophetic medicine research experience and the modern literature, we introduce TaibUVID therapy as a novel evidence-based medicinal nutritional treatment for eradicating COVID-19 pandemic. TaibUVID stands for Taibah University anti-COVID-19 treatment as a novel evidence-based approach (using natural products) for treating COVID-19 patients. A single TaibUVID dose includes: 1 small spoonful (tea spoonful) of nigella sativa oil (or 2 gram nigella sativa seeds) mixed with 1 gram of grinded anthemis hyalina mixed with 1 large spoonful of natural honey. This mixture is to be chewed in the mouth and swallowed orally for both COVID-19 contacts and patients. We adjusted dosing regimen and period of treatment into three clinical levels including contacts or prophylaxis, mild cases and severe case (with pneumonia and ventilated patients). We also introduce novel nigella sativa oil (or nigella sativa decoction) nebulization for local treatment of pneumonia or bronchopneumonia that is faced in severe COVID-19 cases. Such nebulization exerts pulmonary tissue protection and antiviral effects particularly for ventilated patients. The wonderful report by Ulasli et al. (Ulasli et al. Mol Biol Rep. 2014; 41: 1703-11) deserves a lot of interest where nigella sativa and Anthemis hyalina (chamomile) were confirmed to inhibit corona virus replication maximally. In addition, nigella sativa enhances immunity, exerts tissue protective effects and effectively treats co-morbidities. Oral honey exerts potent antiviral effects, enhances immunity and exerts tissue protective effects. TaibUVID Plus dose includes regular TaibUVID dose plus nigella sativa decoction nebulization ± (if possible Clove oil nebulization/ anthemis hyalina decoction nebulization). Clove oil nebulization is beneficial for difficult berating in some COVID-19 cases as clove is confirmed to exert potent antiviral effects. Our suggested TaibUVID and TaibUVID Plus are promising evidence-based approach to rescue lives, decrease fatalities and put a rapid end to COVID-19 pandemic. In prophetic medicine, Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him recommended treatment using both nigella sativa and oral honey saying: " In the black cumin (nigella sativa), there is a cure for every disease except death" and said also: "Cure is in three: in shartat mihjam, gulp of honey (oral honey), and cauterization. I do not recommend my nation to cauterize".


Background The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) is the leading tool intended to assess the cognitive representation of medication, however, the validated Polish version of the questionnaire is lacking. Aims To adapt the original BMQ tool to the Polish language (BMQ-PL) and to validate it. Materials and methods The BMQ was adapted to Polish according to widely accepted guidelines. A total of 311 cardiovascular in- and outpatients as well as medical students taking chronic medication were surveyed to assess data-to-model fit and internal consistency of the measure. The criterion-related validity was determined with the use of Polish version of the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were used, as well as general linear modeling. Results The BMQ-PL exhibited the same factorial structure as the original questionnaire and all the items loaded on their expected factors. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was satisfactory in the group of cardiovascular patients (Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.64 to 0.82 and McDonald's omega from 0.90 to 0.91). There were significant correlations in the predicted directions between all BMQ-PL subscales and the measure of drug adherence in cardiovascular outpatients, but not in inpatients. Medical students may conceptualize the beliefs about medicines in a different way; as a result, a modified version of the BMQ-PL-General, suitable for medically-educated people, was proposed. Conclusion The BMQ-PL exhibits satisfactory proof of validity to be used among cardiovascular patients.


BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES
Mosquito fauna diversity in mountainous areas of Garhwal region was studied during November 2000 to October 2002 to correlate the altitudinal vegetation and distribution of mosquitoes.

METHODS
Adult mosquitoes and mosquito immatures were collected using WHO methods and identified using standard keys and catalogues. Altitude of mosquito habitat was measured using portable altimeter and also by GPS.

RESULTS
Altogether 34 species in five genera--Aedes, Anopheles, Armigeres, Culex and Uranotaenia were encountered in the present study in the altitude range of 300 to 2000 m. Majority of the mosquitoes were found in between 300 to 900 m altitude except Culex vagus and Anopheles maculatus, which were found throughout the range.

INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION
The mosquitoes were categorised into six groups based on their altitudinal distribution. The areas at lowest elevation were having the greatest number of species but not the corresponding greater number of specimens in the present study.


The purpose of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that selforganization of instructional materials by the learner will improve both his rate of learning and the amount he learns. Educational theorists have argued that self-selection of what is studied, individualized objectives, and individual control over learning rate critically affect the amount and quality of learning. They usually emphasize the relation between motivation and learning and generally assume that interest on the part of the learner is a controlling factor both in what is learned and in how the learning takes place. Those arguing against this position stress the fact that the learner is limited by unfamiliarity with what is to be learned and unawareness of what he should accomplish. Since the inception of programed instruction, investigators have tried to adapt programed materials to individual differences in ability. "Branching" is one way of doing this. The procedures used in the present experiment permit the learner either to select the order in which the items are presented or to determine, by the questions he asks, the specific information he will study. In addition to testing the hypothesis stated above, the experimental design tests the feasibility of a programing arrangement of considerable flexibility.


To adapt to the multi-exit Campus Network environment,the writer put forward a plan to realize the selection of Exit Routing and control the expense of international flux,via Policy-based Routing and web address transferring technology.Through the configuration of web exit apparatus,the technology will effectively solve the problem of legal routes of different campus network IP addresses connecting to the internet,reasonably optimize the web resources,speed up and improve the quality of connection,thus to promote the management of campus network.


This research aims to; (a) describe the episode of Ahmad Tohari's Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk novel; (b) describing the film episode of the Dancer by director Ifa Isfansyah; (c) describes a comparison of the story of Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk novel by Ahmad Tohari with the film The Dancer Director by Ifa Isfansyah, this type of research is a qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data of this study are episodes of the story of Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk's novel by Ahmad Tohari and the film Sang Penari Director by Ifa Isfansyah. Data collection techniques are carried out in three stages. The first stage was reading Ahmad Tohari's Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk karya novel, then proceeding to watch the film The Dancer's Director Ifa Isfansyah. The second stage is the data collection stage about the episode story of Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk novel by Ahmad Tohari and the film Sang Penari directed by Ifa Isfansyah's work collected through recording and observation techniques. The third stage is the stage of inventorying data into a data inventory format. Based on the results of research episodes in novels and films found a number of different episodes. The story episodes in the novel are found in 51 episodes, while in the film there are 46 episodes of the story. In the film there are 9 episodes of story episodes added, and 24 episodes of story episodes reduction, while novel episodes that experience varied changes after being screened as a film, found in 7 episodes. This happened because of the creativity of the director when adapting the novel to the film.     Keywords: ecranization, novel, film


Objective: To discuss the technical detail of retroperitoneal laparoscopic palliative resection of kidney and evaluate its clinical effect. Method: Totally 15 cases received retroperitoneal laparoscopic palliative resection of kidney between 2005 and 2010.Malignant tumors were confirmed by B-ultrasound,IVU,X-ray and CT or MRI before operation in all the cases.None of renal pedicle lymphatic metastasis,distant metastasis,renal venous or inferior vena cava tumor thombus was found,and renal function of the uninfcted kidney was within the normal range.Renal neoplasms were all inT4N0M0.The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,perioperative complications and operative effect were evaluated. Result: All the operations were successful and effective.The operating time was 60-180 minutes,with an average of 90 minutes.The blood loss volume was 80-240 mL.The extubation time was 24-72 hours.The time for postoperative recove ry of intestinal function was 8-48hours.Postoperative ambulation time was 48-72 hours.None of the patients received blood transfusion or had obvious complication.After a follow-up of 3-36 months in 15 renal neoplasm cases. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic palliative resection of kidney is proved to be an effective procedure with minimal invasion and quicker recovery.


One of the most important problems of modern cryptocurrency networks is the problem of scaling: advanced cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin can handle around 5 transactions per second. One of the most promising solutions to this problem are second layer payment protocols: payment networks implemented on top of base cryptocurrency network layer, based on the idea of delaying publication of intermediate transactions and using base network only as a finalization layer. Such networks consist of entities that interact with the cryptocurrency system via a payment channel protocol, and can send, receive and forward payments. This paper describes a formal actor-based model of payment channel network and uses it to formulate a modified payment protocol that can be executed in the network without requiring any information about its topology and thus can hide information about financial relations between nodes.


Requirements for licensure of special nuclear material applicable to uranium are specified in Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Part 70 (10 CFR 70) and include three levels of specific risk criteria defined by biological effects and whether the exposed individual is a worker or a member of the public; these are in order of decreasing severity life endangerment, irreversible or serious long lasting effects, and mild transient health effects. The Executive Summary should indicate why this paper was written. It should explain how the three levels of risk criteria mentioned above are used in ensuring safety and what affects new criteria would have on the design and operation of a plant. This report provides a brief overview and necessary background of the properties, distribution, biokinetics and chemical toxicity of uranium and recommends threshold levels or standards for accidental acute inhalation and ingestion of levels for application to acute accidental exposure to uranium to comply with 10 CFR 70. The proposed threshold levels were primarily based on human exposure experience as reported in the peer reviewed scientific and medical literature and correlated with kidney concentrations calculated with a generally accepted biokinetic model . For life endangerment, the proposed thresholds are 2500 mg and 500 mg, respectively, for acute oral and inhalation intakes, although the former could be increased by a factor of 3 based on peak kidney concentration. Acute intake thresholds for irreversible or serious long lasting health effects are 1400 mg and 100 mg, respectively, for ingestion and inhalation and 410 and 30 mg, respectively for ingestion and inhalation for minor transient health effects. Based on peak kidney concentration, 3 μ g U per gram of kidney is considered to be the threshold for measurable kidney effects and 50 μ g U per gram of kidney is conservatively selected as having life endangerment possibilities. This last section of the report is quite confusing. For example, it is not clear why there are two numbers for intakes by inhalation


Venous malformations are the most frequent vascular anomalies among patients in specialized centers, characterized by localized bluish lesions in the skin and the mucosae. While these are predominantly sporadic in nature, 1 to 2% occur as an autosomal dominantly inherited trait termed cutaneomucosal venous malformation (VMCM). The angiopoeitin receptor TIE2 has been identified as the causative gene for VMCM in five families. In each family, one of two specific substitutions (R849W or Y897S) in the kinase domain of TIE2 co-segregates with the disorder. These mutations result in increased ligand-independant phosphorylation of the receptor, and altered downstream signaling. Here, we studied twelve new families with VMCM: six bear the R849W substitution, five have a novel mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain and one in the carboxy-terminal end of the receptor. Overexpression of each of these mutants in COS-7 cells resulted in ligand independent hyper-phosphorylation of the receptor, suggesting that this is a general feature of VMCM-causing TIE2 mutations. Interestingly, we also discovered a somatic deletion in a resected VM tissue sample from one patient with the inherited R849W mutation. This somatic alteration partially deletes the ligand binding domain of the receptor in the allele that does not bear the R849W mutation. This is the first report of a double-hit mutation in VMCM. Moreover, we demonstrate that the somatic deletion does not result in hyper-phosphorylation, nor does it cause an increase in the phosphorylation of the R849W allele. Thus, this deletion rather seems to cause an elimination of the wild-type allele that is able to protect from the deleterious effects of the mutant, inherited allele. In conclusion, the focal development of VMCM is likely due to the combination of various predisposing germline mutations that cause hyperphosphorylation of the receptor, and a somatic second-hit, hallmarks of paradominant inheritance. (firstname.lastname@example.com)


An isolated perfused working heart preparation was used to investigate the role of lactate in the energy metabolism of the fetal heart. Hearts were perfused under working conditions with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing either glucose 5mM or glucose 5mM and lactate 5mM combined. Insulin 100 μU/ml was present in all perfusions. Pressure development in both great vessels was maintained at 55 mmHg and mean atrial pressure was adjusted to 6 mmHg. Glucose uptake was measured by production of 3H2O from 23H glucose and lactate uptake by measuring changes in buffer concentration. With glucose as the sole exogenous substrate its utilization(3.48 ± .29 μmol/min/g dry), corrected for lactate production by the heart(3.06 ± μmol/min/g dry)could account for only 56 ± 9% of the total oxygen consumption of the heart(20.7 ± μmol/min/g dry). When both glucose and lactate were present in the buffer, glucose uptake was inhibited(0.71 μmol/min/g dry)and lactate- uptake(6.55 μmol/min/g dry)accounted for approximately 91 ± 12% of the total oxygen consumption(22.3 ± 1.8 μmol/min/g dry). These findings suggest that lactate oxidation is the primary source of metabolic energy for the fetal heart in late gestation, since glucose alone does not satisfy the oxidative needs of the fetal heart and since the presence of lactate profoundly suppresses glucose uptake. Lactate is the primary metabolic substrate for the fetal heart when present in concentrations similar to those observed in vivo, much as lipids are the primary metabolic substrate in more mature hearts.


The goal of this thesis is to propose a new warehouse of spare parts. The first part describes the theoretical analysis of mentioned problems. This is followed by an analysis of the current situation in the company warehouse and analysis of information storage system SAP. The main part consists of determining the inventory, location of warehouse, storage equipment choice and a draft layout. Based on an evaluation by selected criteria was identified advantageous variant. The conclusion is devoted to the economic evaluation of the implementation of the warehouse of spare parts.


Three basic models of the solar radiation loading model,the chemical reaction model and the P-1 radiation model were selected through analyzing the storage environment character-istics of coal pile.FLUENT software was exploited to do the numerical simulation of the tem-perature distribution and the mass concentration distribution of oxygen inside the coal pile cov-ered 70 cm thick small particle size of coal.The numerical simulation results show that the simulation model can predict the spontaneous combustion tendency of coal pile.Covering small particle size of coal can decrease the low-temperature oxidation reactions of coal pile to some extent by analyzing simulation results of the temperature distribution and the mass concentration distribution of oxygen inside the coal pile covered 70 cm thick small particle size of coal.So the technology of covering small particle size of coal on the coal pile is a new method of pre-venting coal pile spontaneous combustion.


Background: Multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease accompanying various symptoms and multi-organ dysfunctions. Although anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibodies, tocilizumab and siltuximab are recommended as a therapeutic option, these treatments require patients to visit hospitals at least once a month for many years, and the drug costs are quite high. In Japan, where tocilizumab is the only biological agent covered by the medical insurance, glucocorticoid monotherapy is still an important treatment option. In fact, a part of MCD patients initially treated with glucocorticoids could be successfully controlled without adding or switching to other agents. Considering that emergence of neutralizing anti-drug antibodies which reduced therapeutic efficacy could also be a clinical problem in MCD, there would be a rationale for reserving newer agents for future relapse by using glucocorticoids as first-line treatment for potential responders. Here, we retrospectively analyzed clinical characteristics of MCD patients treated in our institution to explore factors predicting who could be successfully treated with glucocorticoid monotherapy.
 Methods: We retrospectively reviewed histologically confirmed Castleman's disease patients who visited the Department of Hematology and Oncology of the University of Tokyo Hospital from January 2000 to March 2020. Based on the diagnostic criteria of Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN), MCD was diagnosed when enlarged lymph nodes were present in more than 2 lymph node stations and laboratory and/or clinical diagnostic criteria were met. Unicentric Castleman's disease (UCD) was diagnosed when only one single lymph node region was involved. MCD patients who were initially treated with prednisolone (PSL) were divided into two groups: patients who continued PSL until the latest follow-up (PSL-only group) and patients who received subsequent treatment (Second-line group).
 Results: 8 patients with UCD and 27 patients with MCD were included in our analysis. With a median follow-up of 5.2 years, 21 MCD patients underwent first-line treatment (PSL, n=18; tocilizumab, n=3). Compared to patients who did not receive any treatment, patients who underwent treatment had marginally higher levels of CRP (7.15 mg/dl vs 4.17 mg/dl, respectively; p=0.066) and significantly lower levels of hemoglobin (9.5 g/dl vs 12.5 g/dl, respectively; p=0.036). Seven out of 18 patients initially treated with PSL had received subsequent treatments (tocilizumab, n=6; rituximab, n=1). Among the PSL-only group, biochemical responses at the latest follow-up could be assessed for 10 in 11 patients: two in complete response, five in partial response, two in stable disease, and one in progressive disease, based on the response criteria of CDCN. Compared to PSL-only group, patients classified into second-line group had higher levels of CRP (11.88 mg/dl vs 6.24 mg/dl, respectively; p=0.024) and lower hemoglobin levels (6.4 g/dl vs9.4 g/dl, respectively; p=0.033). Patients whose CRP levels were lower than 12 mg/dl before starting PSL had significantly longer time to next treatment (TTNT) (median not reached vs 0.88 years; HR, 0.078 [95%CI: 0.013-0.48], p=0.00044). Similarly, patients whose hemoglobin levels were more than 8 g/dl had marginally longer TTNT (median not reached vs 2.63 years; HR, 0.22 [95%CI: 0.040-1.17], p=0.054). In addition, patients with either Hb < 8 g/dl or CRP ≧12 mg/dl had significantly shorter TTNT (median not reached vs 2.12 years; HR, 0.090 [95%CI: 0.010-0.77], p=0.0074). The median PSL dose at the latest follow-up in PSL-only group was 3 mg per day [interquartile range: 0-5 mg per day], which would be comparably safe considering previous reports indicating that PSL dose of less than 5 mg per day was associated with lower incidence of adverse events.
 Conclusion: Out data suggest that glucocorticoid monotherapy has a good potential to induce sustained disease control for MCD patients with higher Hb or lower CRP levels. Furthermore, PSL doses could be tapered to safer doses among patients who could continue PSL until the latest follow-up. In contrast, the efficacy of glucocorticoids for MCD patients with lower Hb or higher CRP levels were limited. Such patients would be good candidates for novel agents such as tocilizumab or rituximab.

 Honda: Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd.: Speakers Bureau; ONO PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD.: Speakers Bureau. Nakahara:Eisai Co., Ltd.: Honoraria; Astellas Pharma Inc.: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company: Honoraria. Kurokawa:Chugai: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Sanwa-Kagaku: Consultancy; Pfizer: Research Funding; Otsuka: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Astellas: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Kyowa Kirin: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Teijin: Research Funding; Eisai: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Nippon Shinyaku: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Daiichi Sankyo: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Bioverativ Japan: Consultancy; Shire Plc: Speakers Bureau; Jansen Pharmaceutical: Speakers Bureau; Ono: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Boehringer Ingelheim: Speakers Bureau; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Speakers Bureau; MSD: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.


This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility in making use of the audio and the video documents based on their characteristics,then focuses on discussing how to make full use of the audio or video document resources in the library under the new circumstances to offer a better service to readers.


The native population of the Arctic char in the Lake Mushtalampi was studied. The dwarf form of the Arctic char inhabiting the lake was revealed. The fish is characterized by extremely low growth rate and by early maturation. Twelve parasite species were found in the arctic char. The parasite fauna is typical of representatives of Salmonidae. Distinguishing features of this fauna include the absence of narrowly specialized char parasite species. High intensity of infection with nematodes Philonema oncorhynchi allows estimating the epizootic state of the studied char population as insufficient.


A fundamental question for teacher educators is 'How can we get teachers to change?' Heavy-handed approaches to teacher change range from state laws and regulations, to adopting and enforcing highly prescriptive curricula, to punitive teacher assessment systems, to competitive merit award schemes. The most successful of these behavioral engineering approaches to forcing teacher change tend to produce superficial, temporary changes in teacher behavior, along with plummeting teacher morale. Sad to say, most policy-makers and school reform gurus have not learned the lesson that power-driven teacher change bears mostly bitter fruit. The authors of this issue of Teachers and Teaching: theory and practice have a more optimistic lesson to teach us about supporting teacher change. Their collective message echoes the wisdom of Dewey with overtones of Vygotsky and Bakhtin. Their empirical and theoretical work reminds us that teacher change is a form of learning and that learning is a voluntary activity. The researchers report persuasive examples of deep and conceptually grounded change in teacher beliefs, ideals, skills, resolutions and emotional health. The authors even report changes in their own understanding of one of the commonplace ideas of teacher education—the idea of 'method'. What are the secrets of stimulating and supporting sustained teacher change? The implicit model that underlies each of the articles in the present issue goes as follows. First, involve teachers in a challenging, professionally worthwhile activity. Examples include writing cases, writing professional autobiographies, conducting narrative inquiry in one's own classroom, adapting to a novel and flexible curriculum, and self-study while teaching a methods course. Second, invite the teachers involved to teach you about the changes that have begun for them that they attribute to their participation in challenging, voluntary, worthwhile professional activity. Third, repeat steps one and two with different teachers, or in different settings, or with even stronger teacher leadership of the professional development process. Special thanks go to these practical scholars, from the West Bank, Australia, Greece, and North America, who have done the patient, thoughtful and labor-intensive work of cultivating and documenting sustainable teacher change. Their good work fills me with hope in an often hostile time.


We had a feature exhibit at a large event organised by BP to celebrate their successes in Angola at the BP Angola PSVM (Plutao, Saturno, Venus and Marte) event at Syon Park – London. This event attracted around 1000 BP staff members and key people from their subcontractors. Most of the visitors went through the NERC exhibit and many were fascinated to learn about the deep-water biodiversity off Angola. This event increased awareness of both NERC and environmental issues to a large body of industrial employees working in a deep-water area.


The invention provides a dicaryon benzimidazole ionic salt as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to an imidazole compound. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out reaction on benzyl bromide or benzyl chloride and benzimidazole under alkaline condition to synthesize N-benzyl benzimidazole; further carrying out reaction on the generated N-benzyl benzimidazole and dibromohydrocarbon to synthesize the dicaryon benzimidazole ionic salt. The dicaryon benzimidazole ionic salt and a catalyst palladium acetate are used as a composite system which shows favorable reaction activity in the Heck reaction of bromobenzene and butyl acrylate. The dicaryon benzimidazole ionic salt has numerous excellent characteristics of the ionic salts, such as heat stability, chemical stability, incombustibility, low vapor pressure and strong coordination capacity. The compound can be used as a reaction medium to synergize with metal catalysts to promote the organic carbon-carbon coupling reaction.


ANTIDEPRESSANT MEDICATIONS AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER by Rachel E. Kay August 2013 Advisor: Dr. Lisa J. Rapport Major: Psychology (Clinical) Degree: Master of Arts Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) frequently experience cognitive decrements in addition to mood impairments. Ironically, antidepressant medications used to treat depression may have adverse effects on cognitive functioning. It is imperative to understand the relative cognitive costs of antidepressants when considering the treatment of MDD patients. Furthermore, observational studies of depression are challenged by problems of systematically confounded variables. Researchers are often faced with difficulties in managing this issue and opt to either ignore the problem, alter their sample, or use inappropriate statistical methods (e.g., Analysis of Covariance) due to a limited understanding of acceptable solutions. It is important to provide researchers with the access to general knowledge of methods to manage systematic covariates in order to aid in effective and appropriate decision-making. Participants included 178 adults with MDD (89 unmedicated-uMDD, 89 medicated- mMDD) and 153 healthy comparison (HC) adults who were evaluated for performance in several domains of cognition. The three groups were significantly different on age (mMDD


The problem of the development of a dissipative structure of spherical nuclei of a stable phase in a supersaturated solid solution is considered. On the initial stage, when all the nuclei have close dimensions, the obtained analytical solution indicates that the structure period monotonically decreases with time as llt, then as 114. The numerical calculation indicates that later a fraction of nuclei are dissolved, and a structure of growing spherical nuclei with a period tending to a constant emerges. O 1996 American Institute of Physics. [S 1063-7761 (96)02807-71


A substrate integrated folded waveguide (SIFW) controllable mixed electric and magnetic coupling structure is proposed and investigated, which is suitable for millimeter‐wave pseudo‐elliptic filter applications. The proposed structure is built by a meandered slot‐line (MSL) combined with an inductive via‐hole in a SIFW cavity, which can support two closely‐spaced resonator modes and achieves a mixed coupling. By adjusting the physical sizes of the mixed coupling structure, the electric and magnetic coupling can be separately controlled and a controllable transmission zero (TZ) can be produced below/above the passband. Furthermore, detailed analysis of the SIFW cavity mode spectrum and the mixed coupling characteristics are presented. Finally, direct‐coupled and cross‐coupled fourth‐order pseudo‐elliptic filters are designed, fabricated and measured to verify the proposed mixed coupling structure. The experimental results show that the proposed filters have good performance, such as high frequency selectivity, compact size, wide upper stopband, and easy integration with other planar circuits.


A series of seven compounds, Ce2Br6(CH3OH)8 (1), Ce2Br6(C2H5OH)8 (2), CeCl3(CH3OH)2(H2O) (3a), CeCl3(CH3OH)2(H2O) (3b), CeBr3((CH3)2CHOH)2(H2O) (4), Ce4Br10((CH3)2CHOH)10 (H2O)2(OH)2 (5), and CeCl3((CH3)2CHOH)2(H2O) (6) were synthesized via slow evaporation of CeBr3 or CeCl3 dissolved in an alcohol. This series structurally consists of two dimers, four polymeric chains, and one tetramer. The presence of water and/or hydroxide ions during synthesis profoundly affects the product structure by enhancing the formation of bridging halides, thus leading to polymeric rather than molecular structures. Each of the polymeric chains (3a, 3b, 4, 6) formed in response to the presence of water, to which cerium will preferentially coordinate over an alcohol. The tetrameric compound 5 formed in response to the presence of both water and hydroxide ions. These seven compounds, six of which are new compounds, demonstrate the diversity of these seemingly simple materials, which are described herein and were analyzed for thei...


The Choristodera is a poorly known clade, but very a distinctive group of aquatic reptiles, which has been found from the Late Triassic to the Late Oligocene in Asia, North America and Europe. Although thousands of choristoderian specimens have been collected from the Early Cretaceous non-marine beds in Liaoning, China, no direct evidences have been found to determine whether they were oviparous like sea turtles or viviparous like Keichousaurus hui of Pacbypleurosauria (marine reptiles). Here we report a well-preserved specimen of Hyphalosaurus baitaigouensis with leathery embryonic eggs from the Jiufotang Formation in western Liaoning, China. It provides the first direct evidence to indicate that choristoderian reptiles are most likely viviparous like Late Triassic Keichousaurus hui from Guizhou, Southern China.


The evaluation of submarine combat scheme is very important for commanders to make decisions.Also, the scientific evaluation has great impact on the effectiveness of the decision.Based on GAHP and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method, the submarine combat scheme is evaluated.The conclusion of the evaluation is reliable, which can help the commander to make decision.Finally, the effectiveness of the method is illustrated by facts.


Despite the plethora of literary studies dedicated to the cantigas de amigo, far less attention has been devoted to examine the multi-layered meanings associated with the definitions of friendship which were embodied and promoted by these Galician-Portuguese lyrics, and the extent to which such literary constructions reflected contemporary socio-political and cultural structures. An overview of thirteenth-century discourses (in Foucault's terms: shared cultural norms with strong exemplary and disciplining functions), ideas and representations of friendship would help to answer and contextualise some important questions. What did amigo/a mean in the medieval Iberian context and to what extent did those ideas conform to models shared by other Western European literary, philosophical and historical traditions? Were concepts of love and friendship mutually exclusive? How useful are sources like the cantigas de amigo to navigate and understand the multiple implications of such intertwined relationships? Friendship as a powerful social bond, bridging individual 'public' and 'private' spheres of action and interaction, as well as that of entire communities, is an extremely useful lens through which we can examine cultural, social and political networks of power, authority and legitimacy. The study of friendship helps to understand how these links contributed to shape individual and collective 'identities' in different historical contexts, and how individuals conceived and experienced interpersonal interactions, some of which were culturally recognized as emotionally charged. It is also important to examine the extent to which individuals presented themselves as part of intersecting socio-political, economic, religious and intellectual networks, which were frequently legitimised through the language of friendship. The variety of approaches and methodologies provided by the history of emotions, cultural history and the history of gender, alongside the study of political, diplomatic and religious history, encourages an in-depth analysis of the complex interplay between different typologies of social interactions, which reveal patterns of both change and continuity in the development of models and modes of behavior which have been always integral to both political life and thought, but also to human spiritual and emotional wellbeing.


International carbon credit markets are based in differences between developing and developed countries greenhouse gases emissions mitigation costs and technological limits faced by developed countries. Potential of energy efficiency measures to reduce fossil fuel usage in Brazilian industrial segments is assessed, and analysis of such potentials singles out those segments and regions more apt to generate carbon credits through Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects. Though there are currently few Brazilian CDM projects, their number may be significantly increased, which is a positive outcome. For this purpose, it is crucial that energy conservation programs estimate how CDM may improve their economic competitiveness.


Rural community development is an important content for the development of urbanization in China.Because of lacking scientific and technological support,the rural land and water resources are in great shortage day by day.Solid salvaged material puluated,soil,water and air pollution aggravated seriously,which have severely restricted the further propulsion of urbanization in china.This paper focused on the theme of resources environmental protection in rural community,analyzed the problems and restricting factors existing in this area at present,and layed emphasis on discussing water and air pollution control,solid salvaged material treatments and advanced technology development of soil remediation.The paper also put forward suggestions for priority development fields in science and technology to protect resource-environment in rural community;and provided useful thoughts for implementing urbanization strategy in our country.


The invention discloses a method for preparing a superhydrophobic breathable composite film, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing a polymer, a solvent and an aperture regulator, defoaming under vacuum to obtain film making solution I, immersing a nonwoven fabric in the film making solution I, immersing the nonwoven fabric in water for forming, and washing and drying the nonwoven fabric to obtain a nonwoven fabric with shrunk holes; 2) mixing a fluorocarbon side chain polymer, a solvent and an aperture regulator, defoaming under vacuum to obtain film making solution II, immersing thenonwoven fabric with shrunk holes in the film making solution II, immersing nonwoven fabric in water for forming, and washing and drying to obtain the superhydrophobic breathable composite film; and 3) immersing the superhydrophobic breathable composite film in a non-polar solvent and drying to obtain the superhydrophobic breathable composite film. In the method, the aperture of the film can be controlled accurately when a superhydrophobic surface is formed, the manufacturing cost is low, the water contact angle of the film material is above 140 degrees, the water resisting pressure is high, the breathability is high; meanwhile, the strength of the composite film is high, the composite film can be cut and processed quickly, and the composite film is suitable to make water-resistance and breathable filter elements through ultrasound, heat and adhesive.


Re(bipy)(CO)3Cl (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) is an efficient homogeneous catalyst for the selective and sustained electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO at low potential.


The suppressor of sable [ su ( s ) 2 ] restores the function of vermilion ( v ), purple ( pr ) and speck ( sp ) as well as sable ( s ) in Drosophila melanogaster . In this report various alleles of su ( s ) are compared for their relative effectiveness on three target mutations, v , pr and sp . Three criteria for suppression of pr and v were employed: visible phenotype, eye pigment levels (drosopterins and xanthommatin) and enzyme levels (sepiapterin synthase and tryptophan oxygenase). For sp only the visible phenotype was examined. By all three criteria pr was found to be more easily suppressed than v ; v and sp were comparable. By use of pr with various alleles of su ( s ) either homozygously or in heterozygous combination with su ( s ) + , the extent of suppression of pr can be best demonstrated by observing the levels of sepiapterin synthase; normal levels of drosopterins were found in females when sepiapterin synthase was only 20% of normal. On the other hand, the extent of suppression of v is best demonstrated by the amount of xanthommatin eye pigment, because even the suppressed vermilion fly has su ( s ) 2 , and other alleles, are not recessive but, in heterozygous combination with su ( s ) + , cause marked suppression of pr and slight, but reproducible, suppression of v . The purple mutation, therefore, is particularly useful for studying the mechanism of suppression as well as for obtaining new mutant alleles of su ( s ).


In this study the following problem is addressed: a uniform column is subjected to a compressive load; an additional support is placed to increase the buckling load. The following question is posed: where to place the support location so as to maximize and evaluate the resulting buckling load? It turns out that this question can be effectively dealt with in the standard courses of Strength of Materials, Mechanics of Solids, or Mechanics of Materials, since all the necessary tools needed are presently uniformly taught in these existing courses. Including this interesting case into the curriculum may enhance students' grasp of the subject, sharpen their mind, and trigger an additional interest in the exciting subject of theoretical and applied mechanics. Topics covered in sections 1±3 can be taught in one or two 50-minute lectures, whereas the exposition of the entire material may take between two to three 50-minute lectures, depending on the interest of students.


Objective:To observe the effective of CO2laser in treating auricular benign neoplasm.Methods: All the 151 cases with 165 lesions were local anesthesia before the treatment.Biopsy first When the lesion is verrucous,then vaporization the remain part completely with 3~5 W power of CO2laser in non-contact irradiation.When it is a subcutaneous nodule,biopsy after incising the cutaneous appropriately,then remove all the contents.It should be attention to plastic the basilar part according to the natural shape of the auricle in progress.Results: all of the 165 lesions were follow up in one year.It shows 86.1%,12.1% and 1.8% in good result,moderate result and poor result respectively.There were 18 cases of recurrence,5 cases of scar accounting for 10.9% and 3.0%.Conclusions:We conclude that it is simple and superior cosmetic result in treating the benign neoplasm on auricle by CO2 laser with low recurrence rates and scars.


Efforts to prepare Ca(O2) sub 2 from reactions of calcium compounds with 100% O3 and with O(D-1) atoms generated by photolysis of O3 at 2537 A are described. Samples of Ca(OH) sub 2, CaO, CaO2, Ca metal, and mixtures containing suspected impurities to promote reaction have been treated with excess O3 under static and flow conditions in the presence and absence of UV irradiation. Studies with KO2 suggest that the superoxide anion is stable to radiation at 2537 A but reacts with oxygen atoms generated by the photolysis of O3 to form KO3. Calcium superoxide is expected to behave in an analogous.


Composition and technology for water influx selective isolation in oil producing wells have been developed. Their high efficiency in conditions of clastic rocks at NGDU Almetievskneft fields is stated, which makes it possible to recommend technology in question for broad scale field pilot tests.