AIM: To observe the changes of cardiac fibrosis and its underlying mechanism after acute myocardial infarction in rats.METHODS: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized to control group,infarction group and infrasound treatment group(10 rats/group).Rats in the infrasound treatment group were treated with infrasound for 7 days,0.5 h,twice/day.Collagen expression of rat myocardium and contents of NO and Ang-II in rat plasma and rat heart function were observed.RESULTS: Compared with those in the infarction group,the collagen expression of rat myocardium increased in the infrasound treatment group(P0.01),the contents of NO in rat plasma significantly decreased(P0.01),the contents of ET-1 in rat plasma significantly increased(P0.01),and heart function was significantly improved.CONCLUSION: Infrasound treatment significantly assuages the cardiac fibrosis of rats after myocardial infarction,which may be relative with the changes of NO and Ang-II.


We describe the development of a mobile robot which does unsupervised learning for recognizing environments from behavior sequences. Most studies on recognizing an environment have tried to build precise geometric maps with high sensitive and global sensors. However such precise and global information may not be obtained in real environments. Furthermore unsupervised-learning is necessary for recognition in unknown environments without help of a teacher. Thus we attempt to build a mobile robot which does unsupervised-learning to recognize environments with low sensitivity and local sensors. The mobile robot is behavior-based and does wall-following in enclosures. Then the sequences of behaviors executed in each enclosure are transformed into input vectors for a self-organizing network. Learning without a teacher is done, and the robot becomes able to identify enclosures. Moreover we developed a method to identify environments independent of a start point using a partial sequence. We have fully implemented the system with a real mobile robot, and made experiments for evaluating the ability. As a result, we found out that the environment recognition was done well and our method was adaptive to noisy environments.


To Clone and express the gene fragment encoding the N region of 120kDa surface antigen of R.prowazekii in E.coli.A gene fragment encoding the N region of 120kDa surface antigen was amplified from the genome of R.prowazekii by PCR.The gene fragment was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector,pQE30;E.coli cells were transformed with the recombinant plasmid;the transformants were induced to express the fusion protein by IPTG.The fusion protein from the transformants was approximately 26.3 kDa in SDS-PAGE analysis and 20% of total cell protein in scanning analysis;the fusion protein reacted with the serum from a rabbit immunized with R.prowazekii cells.The gene fragment encoding the N region of 120kDa surface antigen of R.prowazekii can be efficiently expressed in E.coli and the recombinant protein is immunoreactive.


In order to overcome the defects in traditional method of trajectory design for ICBM.This paper presents a new method: adding accelerated encircling phase and swooping phase in extra-atmospheric flight.The advantages and disadvantages of new method are summarized by contrasting trajectory simulation results of the traditional method and the new one.


Abstract The constraint on the coupled vertical profiles of cumulus heating and drying, which can be used as a partial closure in cumulus parameterization, is examined using observational data from convectively active regions in the summertime. The data used in this study include those derived from Global Atmospheric Research Programme (GARP) Atlantic Tropical Experiment Phase III, Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment over the intensive flux array region, and four subsets of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis data that cover areas ranging from tropical to midlatitude continents. The profiles of Q1 and Q2 calculated from those data are analyzed using a statistical method. The proposed method is a revised version of the rotated principal component analysis based on the Promax rotation (RPCAPromax), which is believed suitable for identifying basic structures embedded within a given dataset. It is designed in such a way that the distorti...


Cyclic ether ketone oligomers containing phenolphthalein moiety were prepared via the nucleophilic substitution reaction under pseudo high dilution conditions. The structures of cyclic aryl ether ketone were determined by using the technique of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).


The lethal and growth inhibiting effects of two insect growth regulators (IGRs), (methoprene) and pyriproxyfen, on Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel were investigated (systematically) by feeding artificial diet containing the active ingredient. The results indicated that the two (IGRs) had obvious lethal action on the nymphs; and the mortalities of nymphs fed with (10 mg) (a.i.)/kg diet of methoprene and pyriproxyfen for 49 d were 80.00% and 31.11%, (respectively.) The (maximum) nymph duration fed with 20,10,5 mg/kg pyriproxyfen were 71.0,(98.2) and 116.4 d, (respectively,) whereas that of the control was 11.3 d. Some nymphs fed on methoprene (10 mg/kg) could still develop into adults which were able to reproduce offspring. While most of the nymphs fed with pyriproxyfen at a dosage of 5 mg/kg died after 60 d, and the survivors remained in (super-)nymphal stage. Reproduction experiment indicated that the fecundity of adults fed with (methoprene) (200 mg/kg) and pyriproxyfen (40 mg/kg) were 39.74% and (26.11%) correspondingly, as that of the control in the first week. After 15~16 d, the hatching rates of eggs were 65.71% and (8.69%,) whereas that of the control group was 93.18%. The (results) suggested that pyriproxyfen at 40 mg/kg or methoprene at 200 mg/kg could effectively (reduce) the amount of the population of L. bostrychophila.


Diesel obviously understands that we're all fed up with the unoriginal take on fashion ads: the beautiful models in dramatic shots, dense lighting and slow motion. But in this new Diesel Spring/Summer 2012 Eyewear collection ad, one aspect of the classic fashion advertising formula changed, and instead of sexy men and woman slowly moving around…


Objective To explore the role of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1(SICAM 1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1(SVCAM 1) in circulating blood of patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Methods ELISA was used to detect the concentration of SICAM 1 and SVCAM 1 in circulating blood in normal subjects and in patients after and before hemodialysis.Results Serum levels of SICAM 1?SVCAM 1 in pre hemodialysis patients were (505±86)μg/L?(1167±125)μg/L and those in post hemodialysis patients were (350±95)μg/L?(884±131)μg/L.We discovered that serum levels of SICAM 1?SVCAM 1 were significantly higher in pre hemodialysis patients compared with those in patients of healthy control group [SICAM 1 (304±78)μg/L?SVCAM 1 (851±114)μg/L].Both were significantly decreased in postdialysis patients compared with those in predialysis patients (P 0.05). Conclusion Because SICAM 1 and SVCAM 1 have many immunological funtions related to inflammation,the decrease in serum levels of SICAM 1 and SVCAM 1 may be beneficial to patients with CRF.


Control measures for Heliothis spp. on cotton are usually applied against eggs and newly hatched larvae that infest plant terminal growth. In order to investigate the rate of degradation of a range of insecticides, leaf disc samples were collected, at intervals after application, from both fully expanded cotton leaves and unfolding terminal leaves. The samples were subjected separately to bioassay with newly hatched larvae, and to chemical analysis of the surface deposits.

On old leaves, larval mortality caused by two biological insecticides declined by half after field exposure for 36 h, but for the synthetic insecticides, the interval ranged from 4.5 days with endosulfan to 18 days with fenvalerate. On new leaves, the longest interval was 7 days with fenvalerate. Chemical half-life on old leaves ranged from 1 day with endosulfan to 12 days with DDT, and was also shorter on young leaves than the equivalent biological half-life. Bioassay appears to be the most reliable method of assessing insecticidal activity over time. Dosage/mortality data were integrated to give LC50 and LC90 values.

Leaf expansion may have the greatest effect on insecticide persistence during the 6 week period of rapid growth commencing 2 months after sowing. Expansion was slower when plants were water stressed, and accelerated following irrigation. The implications of the above findings for cotton pest management are discussed.


Discovering useful information formed by various hidden factors in multimodal data has been of great importance for recommender systems to improve both model performance and recommendation explainability. These factors hidden in multimodal data are highly entangled in a complex manner, posing great challenges in uncovering their entanglement during representation learning for recommendation. However, existing literature on disentangled representation learning only pays attention to unimodal data, failing to uncover the complex and entangled factors in multimodal data. In this paper, we study the problem of multimodal disentangled representation for recommendation in a weakly supervised manner, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time. We propose a multimodal disentangled recommendation (MDR) model that can learn well-disentangled representations carrying both complementary and common information from different modalities, such that both recommendation accuracy and representation explainability can be increased. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our MDR model in terms of both recommendation performance and explainabilty on various real-world datasets.


Features of left ventricular myocardial remodelling depending on the state of collateral coronary flow are presented. Disorders of the left ventricle`s myocardium local contractility in patients with the intermediate function of left ventricle under acute decompensation of heart failure were studied. It was established that in such patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis the main disorders were more often obtained in the basal and middle parts of lower and posterior walls of left ventricle vascularized by a circumflex branch of the left coronary artery or right coronary artery. It was shown that as blood flow increased in coronary collaterals; increase in left ventricular ejection fraction was 7%. In this case, an improvement in collateral blood flow by 1 point according to the Rentrop's modified classification was accompanied by an increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction by 2 relative percents. In addition, in patients with intermediate left ventricular function, types of left ventricular myocardial remodelling were determined. Thus, in the pathogenesis of acute decompensation of heart failure, an important link is remodelling of the left ventricular myocardium, that is a complex of changes in structure and geometry that occurred under the action of trigger factor. Determination of qualitative type of remodelling, as well as its relationship with changes in extracellular matrix, is important for assessing the risk of cardiovascular complications and selecting adequate therapeutic tactics. and a volume fraction of interstitial collagen was calculated in patients with intermediate left ventricular function and background of acute decompensation of heart failure.


The recent paper by Patterson and Imberger [1], which analysed the transient phase of natural convection in low aspect ratio cavities, gave a criterion for the presence of an oscillatory approach to steady state in such flows. However, the experiments of Yewell et al. [3] displayed no evidence of this oscillatory approach, even though the criterion was apparently satisfied. In this paper, it is shown that since the flow regimes are described by a series of critical Rayleigh numbers, the ordering of which changes with changing aspect ratio, a criterion for the existence of transient internal waves, valid for all orderings, may be established. Further, the results of [1] are extended by means of flow descriptions valid for two additional orderings. Consequently, it is shown that the experiments addressed a transient flow regime in which internal wave activity would not be expected and that the experimental results are in support of the scaling analysis of [1].


The main goal of this paper is to assess labour productivity in the Croatian hotel industry. The purpose of this paper is to determine the level of productivity of employees in the hotel industry in order to improve the performance of the Croatian hotel industry. In order to achieve the goal and purpose of this research, many scientific methods have been applied, of which the survey method (N = 452), descriptive statistics methods and cluster analysis methods have been singled out. The main finding of this paper suggests that every other employee in the hotel industry shows a low level of labour productivity.


Since many events following ligand-induced receptor clustering are controlled by serine and threonine (Ser/Thr) phosphorylation, we initiated an investigation into the role of Ser/Thr phosphatases in both phosphorylation ofthe interferon-y (IFNy) receptor and IFNy-induced gene expression in human peripheral-blood monocytes. Whereas IFNy alone did not enhance phosphorylation of the IFNy receptor, treatment of monocytes with the Ser/Thr phosphatase inhibitors, okadaic acid and calyculin A, resulted in increased phosphorylation of the IFNy receptor. However, when these cells were analysed for IFNy-induced IP-1O gene expression, there was profound inhibition. Using three IFNy-induced early-response genes, IP-10, the Fcy


With the development of image processing technology, multimedia images can be easily tampered. Copy-move forgery, abbreviated as CMF, is one of the most common methods of image forgery, among which copy-move forgery detection belongs to passive image forgery detection.In order to detect copy-move forgery and identify forgery areas in color images, this paper proposes a new algorithm for copy-move forgery detection and positioning based on quaternion and LBP. Firstly, represent the color image being tampered with the normalized quaternion and get the modulus of each pixel to form a new matrix. Secondly,apply the LBP transformation to the new matrix. Thirdly,based on the above results, filter out independent blocks by the framework of extended block sorting. Fourthly,apply the SVD transformation to the new matrix. Fifthly, the second filtration is carried out to filter out more blocks using the above results which can detect and locate the image tampered.The experimental results show that the new method can admit the replicated region effectively.


Since 1991 energy produced by grid connected PV systems can be sold to the local utility in the town of Burgdorf at a special rate of CHF 1 per kWh (for 12 years). This rate based incentive is know as the "Burgdorf model" and has been adopted in similar form in several other towns, especially in Switzerland and Germany. As there were also some other subsidies available that were granted immediately after installation, 34 grid connected PV plants have been built in Burgdorf until spring 1997, pushing installed PV power to about 237 kWp or more than 15 Wp per capita. An interesting side effect of this high price paid for PV energy, specific energy yield of these PV installations in Burgdorf is considerably higher than in other parts of Switzerland, despite only average weather conditions. In a year with normal irradiation, annual energy yield of the plants with electronic inverters reaches 877kWh/kWp. Some newer plants with advanced technology even pass the magic limit of 1000kWh/kWp.


The surface water environmental quality of Fu river basin during the State's Tenth Five-Year Plan period(2001-2005) was studied in this article.Comprehensive evaluation of nine monitoring cross sections and nine pollution factors were conducted by fuzzy mathematical method.The evaluation result showed that the overall surface water environmental quality condition of Fu river basin was good that it conformed to the water environmental quality standard in the function area.The water quality rank in level I and II of all cross sections during the period except that of Xijindu cross section in 2002,Nancheng cross section in 2004 and Nanfeng cross section in 2005 rank in level III.It also showed that in each pollution factor,COD,BOD5 and the votile phenol contributed much more to the water quality of this river.Thus corresponding reason was analyzed.


DSR is an on-demand routing protocol. This means routes are not pre-established routes and routes are only active during the transmission. The main problem in the MANET is attack on data. As we know in MANET we cannot differentiate which node is the attacker node and which is benign node. So, the attacker node can easily capture the data. And these types of attacks are known as Black-hole, worm-hole and gray-hole attack. So, identifying which node is genuine node or for preventing the data from the attacker node is necessary in MANETs. This paper provides the good technique which helps in preventing from these types of routing attacks during data transmission. And this leads to the secure communication as we select the intermediate node on the basis of its energy and buffer state. This paper consider the two parameters for selecting the forwarding nodes, first one is their energy state and second is buffer value. Only those nodes will participate in the transmission which have their energy state equal to some threshold value and have the less buffer value. Because the attacker nodes have less energy due to continuously sending the RREP message to the nodes and have high buffer value as it always attract the neighbor nodes for transmission. So, the implemented technique only selects the nodes which seem to be genuine on the basis of measuring two factors its thresh-hold energy and buffer value of the IN. And this result into the less packet loss as compared to the DSR. And even if the attacker captures the packets, the packets will be in encrypted form. Attackers have to decrypt the packet for reading it and it's really hard to decrypt the data. The packet loss will be less in the proposed technique and throughput will be increased.


The results of treatment of 100 patients with bleeding peptic ulcer, using the conservative surgical approach of vagotomy and pyloroplasty with suture of the ulcer, have been analysed. This approach is satisfactory for patients with doudenal ulcer and in selected cases of gastric ulcer. It is not satisfactory in the treatment of erosive gastritis.


In fact, e-government policy in Indonesia has not yet finished discussing regulations and implementations in government institutions. E-government policies are still regulated at the institutional field specifically or still at the respective regional governments. The nature of the policy is still partial so that there is no structural regulation as a rigid policy implementer that regulates the implementation of e-government in Indonesia. However, the implementation of e-government that uses technology, information and communication equipment will have a negative impact on environmental sustainability, one of them is an increase e-waste from the government sector. This research uses normative legal analysis to find legal facts and formulate a green constitution-based electronic government policy model to realize efficiency, effectiveness, accountability, and transparency of governance and public services towards good governance. This research proves the urgency of implementing regulations as an innovation model for e-government policies based on a green constitution to ensure the reduction of e-waste in Indonesia using green ICT. Therefore, it is important to develop guiding regulations which are Government Regulation for the implementation of e-government in both the central and regional government bureaucracies.


New developments regarding all-optical noise suppression in state-of-the-art Kerr-type fiber oscillators and amplifiers are presented. Optimized noise-transfer dynamics from nonlinear amplifying loop-mirror mode-locked fiber oscillators enable quantum-limited noise performance.


New Zealand has a long history in producing a major part of its electricity from low-carbon resources. A major transition from a state owned and operated electricity sector to an open electricity market model and the policies adopted during this period have shaped the generation mix of New Zealand to its current form. Currently, domestic fossil fuel resources offer opportunity for economic growth, while renewable energy resources are significant and present opportunities for green growth in both domestic and global markets. What is particular about the New Zealand case is the "middle out" approach of the national renewable energy strategy, rather than the common top-down approach of many other countries. Consenting is done on a case by case basis at regional level, allowing for wide community and stakeholder participation. This paper describes the transitions in the electricity sector and renewable energy policy of New Zealand, and presents an assessment using sustainability indicators to study the impact of this transition on the level of sustainability of the country's electricity supply system. Although the electricity mix has seen a transition from hydropower towards gas, geothermal, and wind energy, there has been no significant change in the overall sustainability index of the New Zealand electricity supply. This is because the system remains based on renewable sources and gas, which scores relatively high in the model we have applied. Using the country-specific values for the indicators would give a more reliable model to assess the sustainability of the electricity system in detail from its economic, social, and environmental aspects.


The study examined and appraised effects of minimum wage on consumption, savings and debt behaviour in Nigeria. These were with a view to determining the relationship among consumption and savings in respect to minimum wage legislations in Nigeria as well as analysing the effect of minimum wage on debt behaviour in Nigeria, 1980 to 2016. Secondary data were used for the study. Annual data on minimum wage, consumption, savings, debt, interest rate and inflation covering the period from 1980 to 2016 were sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, 2016 edition. Descriptive statistics techniques of analysis were employed. Under descriptive techniques, tables and graphs were adopted. The result from the trends analysis showed upward trending of consumption, savings and debt following the minimum wage legislation in Nigeria. The study concluded that that minimum wage legislation has a positive significant impact on consumption in the long-run. Also minimum wage legislation has a significant positive effect on both savings and debt behaviour in the long-run.


Forms of social organization based on age have been reported in many regions of the world, ranging from classical Greece to the Plains Indians of North America. However, this type of system only survives in any number and vari ety among the nomadic pastoralists of East Africa where they provide insights into aspects of age and ageing. Ageing as a topic concerns a dimension that has been largely taken for granted by social anthropologists, although clearly it has relevance for all societies. Here, I would stress that my concern is not with any specific age category as such, but with viewing the concept of age in the context of a total profile of maturation and ageing. Rather as the issue of gender has to be treated in terms of the relations between men and women, so age from an anthropological point of view is concerned with relations between people of different ages; and this has relevance for understanding social systems based on age. In East Africa, these are male age systems, but they involve relations with and through women. By extension, any contrast between the patterns of ageing for men and for women has to be seen in terms of their bearing on one another. The argument here, however, begins with the topic of the ageing process in quite another setting.


This work was intended to be a research about the concept of ideology, an reach back to its use
by Marx until contemporary elaborations in dialogue with psychoanalysis. Passing through the
classical approach; through theoretical reactions in regard of Stalinism and the crisis in marxism
on the 1950 decade; the context in structuralist and post-structuralist debate, until some of the
theoretical contributions from those movements to the theory of ideology. This theme was
chosen considering the return of this concept in the contemporary debate and its practical and
theoretical relevance.


In recent years, higher education has stepped into a new era with the goal of building global first-class universities and first-class disciplines, and the pursuit of excellence and the improvement of quality have become the development theme of higher education. In this paper, according to the Criteria for Performance Excellence and the evaluation index system for the implementation of the "double first-class" strategy, by analyzing the hierarchy of the influence factors of the construction of "double first-class" in China's western universities with ISM, 22 influence factors can be divided into five levels, which contact and influence each other. The results show that there is a stepwise hierarchical relationship among the evaluation indicators, and such four indexes as the construction of discipline and scientific research, international exchange and cooperation, the mode of talent cultivation and the public service have a direct impact on the construction of "double first-class" in China's western universities. What's more, factors such as organization and lead, social responsibility, understanding of students, relevant people and market, and working system play a supporting role. Thus, a reasonable construction path and measures for the construction of "double first-class" in China's western universities is proposed in this study.


Such processes involved the cultural and linguistic homogenization of an otherwise diverse citizenry and were pursued by different means according to the specific contexts within which they were applied. At present, the impact of strong structural socio-political and economic transformations has resulted in greater challenges being posed to the idea that all citizens of a state should share a homogeneous national identity.


Mineralogical reactions which generate or consume fluids play a key role during fluid flow in porous media. Such reactions are linked to changes in density, porosity, permeability, and fluid pressure which influence fluid flow and rock deformation. To understand such a coupled system, equations were derived from mass conservation and local thermodynamic equilibrium. The presented mass conservative modeling approach describes the relationships among evolving fluid pressure, porosity, fluid and solid density, and devolatilization reactions in multicomponent systems with solid solutions. This first step serves as a framework for future models including aqueous speciation and transport. The complexity of univariant and multivariant reactions is treated by calculating lookup tables from thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. Simplified cases were also investigated to understand previously studied formulations. For nondeforming systems or systems divided into phases of constant density, the equations can be reduced to porosity wave equations with addition of a reactive term taking the volume change of reaction into account. For closed systems, an expression for the volume change of reaction and the associated pressure increase can be obtained. The key equations were solved numerically for the case of devolatilization of three different rock types that may enter a subduction zone. Reactions with positive Clapeyron slope lead to an increase in porosity and permeability with decreasing fluid pressure resulting in sharp fluid pressure gradients around a negative pressure anomaly. The opposite trend is obtained for reactions having a negative Clapeyron slope during which sharp fluid pressure gradients were only generated around a positive pressure anomaly. Coupling of reaction with elastic deformation induces a more efficient fluid flow for reactions with negative Clapeyron slope than for reactions with positive Clapeyron slope.


It is a classical question if the characteristic mapping is injective or surjective. In this article, the injectivity for transversely holomorphic foliations is discussed. More precisely, a family of rigid, linearly independent classes in H (WU q) will be introduced. The fam- ily is closely related to the one obtained by Baker in the real case, and different from the one studied by Hurder in (8). This article is based on a talk given at Foliations 2012, and also on a paperOn indepen- dent rigid classes in


Generator circuit breakers differ in various aspects from standard distribution breakers. One of the main differences is in the electrical stresses during fault current interruption. This situation will be discussed in the present contribution, along with the standardization status and the backgrounds of these special requirements.


The rapid development of network technology provides a low-cost path to teacher training.Based on the consideration of both reducing the cost and guaranteeing the quality of on-line training,Fujian Institute of Education has applied the guiding and task-driven on-line learning model to teacher training since 2010,and based on the characteristics of the trainee,has made a lot of innovations in its practical mechanism.From the two years of practice,in spite of the need to overcome many difficulties,the guiding and task-driven teaching model has both exerted the advantages of the network technology and successfully incorporated the teacher and the traditional education process,thus ensuring the quality of training as well as lowering the cost.


See article on page 400

In recent years, our understanding of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has evolved from being considered solely a disorder of motility, to one that is characterised by dysregulation of brain–gut function, manifest by gut motor hyper-reactivity and enhanced visceral sensitivity to various stresses.1 In this regard, several psychosocial factors, namely life stress, abuse, psychological co-morbidity, and illness behaviour, have been implicated in the clinical expression of IBS.2 However, although most published studies have shown an association of psychosocial factors with IBS, only one study until now, has reported that psychosocial distress in patients with acute infectious diarrhoea predicted the later development of IBS symptoms.3 In a follow up study in this issue, Gwee et al (see page 400) elaborate upon this observation by describing the psychosocial, physiological and histopathological features of individuals who develop postinfectious IBS symptoms.

In a sample of 94 patients with acute gastroenteritis studied in an infectious disease unit, 22 (23%) were found three months later to fulfil Rome criteria for IBS.4 When comparing this group of symptomatic patients (IBS+) to the remaining sample (77%) who resolved their gut symptoms (IBS−), three major findings were noted. (1) Psychosocial difficulties were again shown to influence who with acute gastroenteritis would remain symptomatic. Specifically, in a regression analysis, pre-existent life stress and hypochondriasis were the strongest predictors of the IBS+ group, and the development of IBS-like symptoms was not explained by illness behaviours. (2) Acute gastroenteritis was associated with increased …


THE HEALTH department is to issue guidance within the next couple of months on how NHS trusts will be expected to create hundreds of consultant nurse posts by next April.


Sludge from an SBR enhanced biological phosphorus removal device was studied to screen the denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria(DPB) Xun X.Its taxonomic status was determined by traditional and molecular biology technology.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the growth conditions of Xun X.Physiological and biochemical properties of Xun X show its anoxic denitrifying and phosphorus removal function.It is most similar to Escherichia coli,according to morphological observation,culture characteristics,physiological and biochemical properties and the sequencing result of 16S rDNA.There is 99.9% homology of sequence.Therefore,Xun X(Escherichia coli) is a kind of anoxic DPB.Response surface results show that the order of key factors affecting the growth of Xun X is(ρ(carbon source))pH(ρ(nitrogen source).) The mass concentration of carbon source is the only significant influencing factor in the second item,and it decides the growth of Xun X.The best growth conditions of Xun X are the mass concentration of carbon source(sodium acetate + glucose) 3.48(gL),nitrogen source(ammonium sulfate + peptone) 1.22(gL),and pH=8.00.The average measured turbidity of the bacteria is 0.732 under the growth condition.


Normal human observers have been shown to be acutely sensitive to the relative spatial position of visual features. The angular extent of just noticeable differences in position are much smaller than spatial resolution thresholds, and these very fine thresholds are called the hyperacuities (Westheimer, 1975). Examples of visual tasks that yield hyperacute thresholds are vernier alignment, bisection, stereoscopic depth, and relative motion detection.


In order for the field of psychology in the United States to maintain its relevance and validity, it must become more inclusive in its theory and research of Latinos, who are now the largest "minority" group in the nation. In particular, due to immigration and birth rates, Mexican Americans are the largest and fastest growing segment of the Latino population. This paper addresses some of the most significant historical and socio-cultural factors contributing to the psychological nature and wellbeing of Mexican Americans. These factors should be understood and used to guide research and theory in order to make the discipline of psychology relevant for Mexican Americans. The concept of mestizaje is used to explain the biological and cultural mixing constituting the diverse origins of the Mexican people. Immigration to the U.S. is described in terms of selective socio-cultural variables giving rise to a diverse Mexican American culture that is resistant to complete assimilation. Within a U.S. context, the constructs of generational status, acculturation, and biculturalism are used to explain the socio-cultural adaptation of Mexican Americans. The special role of children in immigrant families as language and cultural brokers are also discussed, and used to explain the adjustment of Mexican American families.


The study of causes and chance events that happened to connect two distant musical traditions may help understand some aspects of both. Certain basic principles, often only implied, become apparent as we look at them from a different standpoint. And it grows clear that sundry meanings are given to the word "influence", so ubiquitous in discourse on cultural exchange.  By discussing some specific traits of sub-Saharan music, the Author explores how and why some major 20th-century Western composers came to welcome its influence, thus establishing relationships that reveal (apart from superficial comparison) how such musical concepts as "influence", "tradition", and "innovation" developed in Africa and in Western music, and how they were received in academia. This work is rooted in the Author's personal experience in musical analysis, from Togo to European scholarship.


Having a bilevel problem formulations,collaborative optimization(CO) has received considerable attention as an approach to multidisciplinary optimization in engineering.But the system-level problems of CO might suffer from inherent computational difficulties due to the bilevel nature of the method.This paper presents a new method named advanced collaborative optimization(ACO) based on CO.ACO is a single-level method which doesn't have the system level but has a target subsystem and other coordination subsystems.ACO avoid the computational difficulties in CO by changing former system-level constraints into another objective in target subsystem,and the new objective is going to be minimized by the collaborative optimization between target subsystem and coordination subsystems in the process of the system optimization.Two examples are given to illustrate the performance of ACO.The results show that the new approach is capable for such multidisciplinary optimization problems.


Negation is a universal category and languages differ in many respects in the way they express the latter (see Klima 1964). In this regards, some languages express sentential negation (a subcategorization of negation) with one marker (Dutch, German, English, etc.) while others like French uses two markers. Alongside markers used to express sentential negation, other items, among which Negative Polarity Items, mark negation and tight a particular element within its domain. In this paper, I aim at providing a picture of the expression of negation in Awing (a Bantu Grassfield langue of the Ngemba Group spoken in the North West region of Cameroon). Accordingly, sentential negation is expressed with two discontinuous markers kě...pô. One fact important to the presence of this negative marker is the movement of postverbal elements to a preverbal position turning the SVO structure in non-negative clause to an SOV pattern in negative clauses. In addition, the study describes other negative elements and negation subcategories. In last, the study of negative concord reveals that Awing belongs to the group of Strict Negative Concord (SNC) languages in which n-words must co-occur with negative marker to yield negation.


The Spanish high-speed train, known as AVE, has been the commitment in Spain's transport infrastructure for the past 25 years. Along the first twenty years of use, however, the use of this means of transport has presented some figures of utilization well below than anticipated, and very far from other countries'—such as Japan or France—figures. In this work, through descriptive and econometric analysis, we demonstrate how certain political decisions, based on the pricing model mainly, have managed to change the trend and maintain a stable growth process in the number of passengers, favouring tourist flows in a country very dependent on tourism such as Spain.


Logical Execution Time (LET) is a timed programming abstraction, which features predictable and composable timing. It has recently gained considerable attention in the automotive industry, where it was successfully applied to master the distribution of software applications on multi-core electronic control units. However, the LET abstraction in its conventional form is only valid within the scope of a single component. With the recent introduction of System-level Logical Execution Time (SL LET), the concept could be transferred to a system-wide scope. This article improves over a first paper on SL LET, by providing matured definitions and an extensive discussion of the concept. It also features a comprehensive evaluation exploring the impacts of SL LET with regard to design, verification, performance, and implementability. The evaluation goes far beyond the contexts in which LET was originally applied. Indeed, SL LET allows us to address many open challenges in the design and verification of complex embedded hardware/software systems addressing predictability, synchronization, composability, and extensibility. Furthermore, we investigate performance trade-offs, and we quantify implementation costs by providing an analysis of the additionally required buffers.


This paper aims to show the impact on classification accuracy and the level of computational gain that could be obtained in applying deep packet inspection on truncated peer to peer traffic flows instead of complete ones. Using one of the latest open source classifiers, experiments were conducted to evaluate classification performance on full and truncated network flows for different protocols, focusing on the detection of peer to peer. Despite minor exceptions, all the results show that with the latest deep packet inspection classifiers, which may incorporate different helper technologies, inspecting the first packets at the beginning of each flow, may still provide concrete computational gain while an acceptable level of classification accuracy is maintained. The present paper discusses this tradeoff and provides some recommendations on the number of packets to be inspected for the detection of peer to peer flows and some other common application protocols. As such, a new sampling approach is proposed, which accommodates samples to the stateful , taking into consideration the characteristics of the protocols being classified. Keywords-IP traffic classification; p2p; peer to peer; deep packet inspection; DPI optimization


The objective of this study was (a) the development of a measurement technique designed to obtain real-time information on several optical emission characteristics from reactors of entrained-flow gasifiers; and (b) demonstration of the applicability of this technique in the field. The gasifier chosen for field demonstration was the Mountain Fuel Resources, Inc. (MFR) pilot plant located near Salt Lake City, Utah. The MFR plant is an oxygen-blown entrained-flow unit with the capacity of 3000 lb/hr of coal at pressures up to 300 psig. The approach chosen in this study was to make simultaneous measurements of optical emission both from the gas and from coal particles in the interior of the gasifier reactor. These measurements were selected because they provide direct information from the reaction zone, and therefore should provide the most rapid response to changes within the reactor. Characterization of gas emission spectra was made by means of an optical multichannel analyzer (OMA) over the spectral range from about 300 to 850 nm. The intensity of continuum radiation from particles was measured at two wavelengths, and used for time-resolved temperature measurements by two-color pyrometry (TCP). The present study confined itself only to the development of the required diagnostic system andmore » the demonstration of feasibility of such simultaneous (OMA and TCP) measurements in the MFR unit. However, the obvious rationale for the choice of this advanced instrumentation was its usefulness for the future development of reliable on-line monitors for gasifiers.« less


© 2018 GSF Patient Library | 1 Fabry disease, also called alpha-galactosidase-A deficiency, is classified as a lipid storage disorder. This means that people with Fabry disease are unable to metabolize (breakdown) lipids (fats) properly. Because this process occurs within the lysosomes of our cells (which remove waste from the cell), it is also called a lysosomal storage disorder. This leads to a build-up of lipids in the body, which can cause pain in the hands and feet, areas of small dark red spots called angiokeratomas, not being able to sweat properly (hypohydrosis), a clouding of the cornea (front part of the eye), and hearing loss. In addition, the lipid accumulation can lead to an increased risk of a heart attack or stroke, an enlarged heart (cardiomyopathy), and/or kidney disease (renal insufficiency or renal failure or end stage renal disease).


A research of prostitution in Sweden shows that it is more common with male prostitution than it is with female prostitution. Despite the fact that it is more common with male prostitution, there are more female prostitutes that meet social workers. Our purpose with this study was to examine why some men choose to prostitute. How does he get in contact with his customer and where do they meet. Our purpose is also to examine why male prostitution is a social problem. We have chosen to interview six people who work with/examine male prostitution and use their perspective in our analyse. The theories we have used are Activity theory and Symbolic Interaction. These theories can help us explain male prostitution. We have used an interview method because it can help us understand male prostitution on deeper level. Our study shows that male prostitution is a social problem because these men often have problem with their psychical and physical health. For example a man can choose to prostitute to finance his drug abuse. Our conclusion is also that money is the main factor why a man begins and continues with prostitution. As long as the prostitution is an advantage and has a function in the mans life he continues to prostitute. When the prostitution becomes disadvantage for the man he ends to prostitute. Our study shows that it is difficult to categorize a male prostitute. He can have any culture, religion, nationality, sexuality, age or class. Our final conclusion is that a male prostitute contacts his customers mainly on the Internet. He can also contact his customers in public areas, for example at the pub. The sexual intercourse between the male prostitute and his customer can take place anywhere, anytime.


Context. Most O-type stars and many B stars show unexplained cyclical variability in their spectral lines, i.e., modulation on the rotational timescale, but not strictly periodic. The variability occurs in the so-called discrete absorption components (DACs) that accelerate through the UV-wind line profiles and also in many optical lines. For such OB stars no dipolar magnetic fields have been detected with upper limits of ~300 G. Aims. We investigate whether multiple magnetic loops on the surface rather than non-radial pulsations or a dipolar magnetic field can explain the observed cyclical UV and optical spectral line variability. Methods. We present time-resolved, high-resolution optical spectroscopy of the O6.5I(n)fp star λ Cephei. We apply a simplified phenomenological model in which multiple spherical blobs attached to the surface represent magnetic-loop structures, which we call stellar prominences, by analogy with solar prominences. We compare the calculated line profiles as a function of rotational phase, adopting a rotation period of 4.1 d, with observed relative changes in subsequent quotient spectra. Results. We identify many periodicities in spectral lines, almost none of which is stable over timescales from months to years. We show that the relative changes in various optical absorption and emission lines are often very similar. Our proposed model applied to the He ii λ 4686 line can typically be fitted with 2−5 equatorial blobs with lifetimes between ~1 and 24 h. Conclusions. Given the irregular timescales involved, we propose that the azimuthal distribution of DACs correspond to the locations of stellar prominences attached to the surface. This could explain the observed variability of optical and UV lines, and put constraints on the strength and lifetime of these structures, which can be compared with recent theoretical predictions, in which bright magnetic surface spots are formed by the action of the subsurface convection zone.


ABSTRACT As per current guidelines, whenever an advanced airway is in place during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, positive pressure ventilation should be provided without pausing for chest compression. Positive pressure ventilation can be provided through bag-valve resuscitator (BV) or mechanical ventilator (MV), which was found to be equally efficacious. In a busy emergency department, with less trained personnel use of MV is advantageous over BV in terms of reducing human errors and relieving the airway manager to focus on other resuscitation tasks. Currently, there are no guidelines specific to MV settings in cardiac arrest. We present a concept of "six-dial ventilator strategy during CPR" that encompasses the evidence-based settings appropriate during chest compression. We suggest use of volume control ventilation with the following settings: (1) positive end-expiratory pressure of 0 cm of water (to allow venous return), (2) tidal volume of 8 mL/kg with fraction of inspired oxygen at 100% (for adequate oxygenation), (3) respiratory rate of 10 per minute (for adequate ventilation), (4) maximum peak inspiratory pressure or Pmax alarm of 60 cm of water (to allow tidal volume delivery during chest compression), (5) switching OFF trigger (to avoid trigger by chest recoil), and (6) inspiratory to expiratory time ratio of 1:5 (to provide adequate inspiratory time of 1 second). How to cite this article: Sahu AK, Timilsina G, Mathew R, Jamshed N, Aggarwal P. "Six-dial Strategy"—Mechanical Ventilation during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(6):487–489.


INTRODUCTION
Repair of groin and ventral hernias are among the technically difficult endoscopic procedures where the role of laparoscopic surgery is fast emerging. We have designed a laparoscopic simulator trainer box for hernia surgery, which closely mimics the complex endoscopic procedure, and good results can be achieved by training on these trainer boxes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The endotrainer box was self-designed to repair bilateral groin hernia, and an incisional hernia, such that it can be used for multiple repairs. Forty candidates were trained with the trainer box for 2 days over two hernia training programs, and an objective assessment of the result was done by global and task-specific scoring for transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) repair of groin and incisional hernia, respectively.

RESULTS
There was a significant improvement in the global (10.15 on day 1 and 12.85 on day 2) and task-specific score for TAPP (3.55 on day 1 and 5.83 on day 2) and IPOM repair (4.4 on day 1 and 6.4 on day 2).

CONCLUSIONS
Cheaper endotrainer boxes can be self-designed for complex endoscopic surgeries such as hernia repair. The training with these trainer boxes under the supervision of experienced surgeons shows good results and can be used for surgical residents and practicing surgeons who are exposed to basic laparoscopic skills.


In the article approaches to treatment of patients with a nonspecific back pain are considered. Aspects of application Vitamins B (Milgamma) in complex therapy of patients with painful syndromes caused by inflammatory and degenerate defeats of a backbone are shined. It is noticed that the Vitamin B neurotropic complex can enhance analgesic effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, allowing to make lower a dose and administration of these drugs, and also favours faster recourse of a painful syndrome.


To the Editor:— I was much interested in the communication of Dr. Francis E. Park in the August 15th issue ofThe Journal. Some years ago I developed an itching of the dorsum of both feet, which was intense and kept me awake nights. After unsuccessful treatment by two dermatologists, I consulted Dr. Marion Sulzberger, who immediately recognized that I was allergic to the leather in my shoes. He advised my changing to white shoes and this effected a cure. Since then I have found that it was only tan leather or tan leather lining of black shoes which caused itching. Black shoes with black, gray or white lining caused no trouble. Before my cure I tried many antipruritic ointments, powders and liniments with little or no relief. But I learned that immersing my feet for ten to fifteen minutes in very hot water caused at first such an intensification


In recent years, with the continuous promotion of smart grid construction and the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction policies, electric vehicle, as a green travel tool, has been vigorously promoted by the government. Disorderly charging of large-scale electric vehicles will aggravate the peak valley difference of the power system, overload the branch power flow and over limit the voltage. Vehicle to grid (V2G) system based on price based demand response technology can charge and discharge orderly according to real time price set by distribution system operator. Aiming at V2G system, this paper proposes a cyberattack, in which attacker can tamper with the day-ahead real time price information, thus malicious manipulation electric vehicle charging or discharging behavior, and ultimately destroy the safe and reliable operation of the power grid. Finally, an IEEE 33 bus example is built to analyze the impact of the this cyberattack on distribution network, the results verify easibility of the proposed model and providing the future model bases for risk assessment of cyber physical distribution system.


The Internet has its impact on all spheres of life – social, economical, education, cultural, etc. All the advancements made in the domain of e-publishing are unarguably based on the web technologies. It has provided universal access to information through diverse technological innovations. The academic community is one of the major beneficiaries of theses advancements and online access. The faculty and students are now dependent on e-journals, online databases and other e-resources for enhancement in the quality of teaching, learning, research and publications. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of the Internet and related issues among the teachers and students (B.Tech III ) of Swami Devi Dyal Institute of Engineering. A well structured questionnaire was distributed amongst faculty members and students to understand their feedback and experience regarding various aspects of Internet including frequency, satisfaction level, type of e-resources accessed, file type preferred, purposes for which the Internet is used, etc. It was found that the Internet had become a helpful tool in the hands of students and faculty members and the online resources are acknowledged as vital instrument for teaching, research and learning process of these respondents.


this subject would have been welcome, as state capacity is highly contingent upon the ability to collect, process and act upon key information about local behaviour. Secondly, the significant though selective development of new cities (including "special economic zones," "coastal open cities" and "central economic cities"), means that the relations of such cities with the Centre, very often independent of the provinces, are becoming increasingly important. Finally, two provincial case studies Guangdong and Shanghai are perhaps too atypical to produce widely applicable generalizations. The book is appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate courses in studies of contemporary China in general and Chinese politics in particular. In fact, it should be required reading for all students of post-Mao reforms.


This paper considers Gama-Nguyen-Regev's strategy [GNR10] for optimizing pruning coefficients for lattice vector enumeration. We give a table of optimized coefficients and proposes a faster method for computing near-optimized coefficients for any parameters by interpolation.


Deep submicron technologies continue to develop according to Moore's law allowing hundreds of processing elements and memory modules to be integrated on a single chip forming multi/many-processor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs). Network on chip (NoC) arose as an interconnection for this large number of processing modules. However, the aggressive scaling of transistors makes NoC more vulnerable to both permanent and transient faults. Permanent faults persistently affect the circuit functionality from the time of their occurrence. The router represents the heart of the NoC. Thus, this research focuses on tolerating permanent faults in the router's input buffer component, particularly the virtual channel state fields. These fields track packets from the moment they enter the input component until they leave to the next router. The hardware redundancy approach is used to tolerate the faults in these fields due to their crucial role in managing the router operation. A built-in self-test logic is integrated into the input port to periodically detect permanent faults without interrupting router operation. These approaches make the NoC router more reliable than the unprotected NoC router with a maximum of 17% and 16% area and power overheads, respectively. In addition, the hardware redundancy approach preserves the network performance in the presence of a single fault by avoiding the virtual channel closure.


? Objective To evaluate the relationship between regimen believes and health care in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) and Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods Subjects selected from random sample in Liwan district of Guangzhou from 1994 to 1995.454 controls were individually matched by sex,age and education to each case of 179 patients.Contents of investigative questionnaire involevd sex,age education family information, social support,information about health preservation concerning mental, living diet, exercise, health preservation of Chinese herbal medicine,regularity of daily life and duration of sleep each day.Results Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the exposure OR.There were four regimen factors,i e "6 to 0 hours of sleep each day","contact frequently with other persons and usually get together with relatives","balance between work and rest and adjustment of emotions are good four health"and "usually doing exercise(duration each time 20 minutes and persist over 3 year",were statistically significant.The ORs of these four factors were respectively 0 631,0 490,0 413 and 0 224.The quiet belief factor,that is,believes of"peace and quiet are importanat for health preservation"and "life should be suitable for nature",was also significantly related to AD.Its OR was 1 919.Believes and methodes of health preservation concerning Chinese herbal medicine and family support were not statistically significant.Conclusions The regimen believes and health cares in TCM were Significantly associtated with AD.In regard to AD,the regimen believes and health cares in TCM not only have protective effects, but also have risks.Aiming at these likely risk and protective factors of AD,we can suggest some regimen methods and health belief in TCM to prevent the occurrence and development of AD. 〔


: Nowadays, smartphones play a remarkable role in our lives. Testing mobile applications is significant to guarantee their quality. Automated testing is applied to minimize the cost and the interval of time instead of manual testing. There are different testing levels which are unit testing, integration testing, system testing and acceptance testing. Automated mobile application testing type methodologies are categorized into white-box testing, black-box testing and grey-box testing. Besides, there are several testing types such as functional testing and non-functional testing. Most of the existing studies focus on user interface testing which is type of functional testing. In this paper, testing approaches for user interface testing through different existing studies from 2013 to 2021 have been surveyed. Those approaches are classified into model-based testing, model learning testing, search-based testing, random-based testing, and record & replay testing. Several essential issues related to those approach such as the optimization and redundancy for generation of test suites have been mentioned. Finally, challenges in automated mobile applications user interface testing have been discussed.


RESUME´ Objective: The purpose of this article is to report the correlation between spectral domain-optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence findings in 3 consecutive cases with sclerochoroidal calcification. Design: Observational case series. Participants: The study involved 3 patients with bilateral sclerochoroidal calcification. Methods: B-scan ultrasonography, spectral domain-optical coherence tomography, and autofluorescence were performed in each eye. The choroidal vascular thickness and autofluorescence patterns of the calcified plaques were evaluated with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence, respectively. Results: An important variation of choroidal vascular thickness overlying sclerochoroidal calcification was observed in spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Autofluorescence showed 2 patterns of autofluorescence closely correlated with changes in choroidal vascular thickness. In those zones where the thicknesses of choriocapillaris complex were reduced, a hyper- autofluorescence pattern was observed in autofluorescence. The hypoautofluorescence pattern was observed in outpouching zone of retinal pigment epithelium-choriocapillaris complex seen in spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. The hypoautofluorescence pattern was closely correlated with remarkable reduction of the choriocapillaris complex. There were no significant differences between the patterns of autofluorescence except the extension. Conclusions: Spectral domain-optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence are noninvasive complementary imaging studies that may help to improve our knowledge about sclerochoroidal calcification. Characteristic patterns of autofluorescence were closely correlated with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography findings. More patients need to be evaluated with both complementary studies to establish conclusions related with these findings.


This study investigated the learning styles of ESL students (students who learn English as a second language). The focus in this study was on the ESL Arab Gulf (Saudi Arabia, Oman, Kuwait, and United Arab Emirates) students who study English as a second language in Intensive English Language Centers (IELCs) in the United States. The study explored the ESL Arab Gulf students' learning style preference and how they are affected by different variables such as cultural background, gender, and language level in IELCs. ESL Arab Gulf students were administered the VARK Learning Styles questionnaire. It measures several sensory types of learning styles such as visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile. The participants in this study were from Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait. The finding of this quantitative research study showed that ESL Arab Gulf students' learning styles were affected by their cultural backgrounds and their gender as well. The results of this study showed that matching teaching styles to ESL Arab Gulf students' learning styles impacted the ESL Arab Gulf students' academic success positively. It helped students to achieved higher TOEFL scores more than the students who had different learning styles from their teachers'. This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. Dissertation Director: _______________________________________


This article introduces parameterized drawing technology on complete film evaporators by the classification of parameterized drawing strategy. And by sample of film evaporators parts graph drawing process, parametric parts prints and the assembly drawing strategy in detail. Development of aided design software of film evaporators would help users realize integration design of process design, and can greatly shorten the development cycle of the products, improve the design quality and enhance the competitiveness of their products.


We study a planar flow of a generalized Newtonian fluid under the Dirichlet boundary condition. The fluid is characterized by a nonlinear dependence of the stress tensor on the symmetric part of the velocity gradient. We prove that the unique weak solution of this problem has a Hölder continuous gradient provided the growth of the stress tensor is of order p − 1 for a certain p ∈ 〈2, 4). The result is global in time and in space.


SUMMARY

The structure of much clay soil is angular blocky, and the pore space consists of a three-dimensional network of narrow, approximately planar cracks. This paper presents a means of describing such a network in terms of its density and orientation.

Undisturbed samples are impregnated with resin containing a fluorescent dye. Plane sections of known azimuth and elevation are cut through them and photographed under ultra-violet light. The photographs are projected onto a screen and the spacings between successive cracks along linear probes are measured in several directions. The sets of distances obtained are then analysed.

The method was applied to subsoil of the Windsor series. The distribution of inter-crack distances appeared to be exponential but with a dearth of distances less than about 1 mm. The crack pattern was judged to be the outcome of a Poisson process, but one in which some of the very narrow wedges of soil had collapsed. The crack network was perceptibly anisotropic, and was modelled as two superimposed patterns, one isotropic and the other a set of approximately parallel cracks. The orientation of the parallel component was estimated from the sections. The cracks were found to be aligned parallel to the contour of the land and to dip into the hill slope at angles ranging from about 25° to 75° to the horizontal. The intensities in the soil of the two components were estimated as 0.18 mm−1 for the isotropic component and 0.2 mm−1 normal to the parallel component, equivalent to 0.1 mm−1 for a random direction.


INtrODUctION Mobile learning (m-learning) is the most recently developed category of electronic learning (e-learning), both of which are valuable tools in instructional conversation. What makes m-learning unique, and thus deserving of its study as an independent concept, is mobility; learners have the opportunity to go not just beyond the classroom, but beyond the limits of desktop and even laptop computers to engage in instructional environments. As an independent concept, m-learning has its own hardware and network technology, as well as a relationship with and difference from e-learning. As a component of instructional conversation, m-learning provides learners with opportunities to engage in discussion from almost any location at any time, making the conversations much more natural and beneficial to the group. M-learning technology is, to support the uniqueness of the discipline, mobile. Devices that people carry on a regular basis and can access at almost any location are what drive m-learning practice. Working in concert with these devices is mobile networking technology, which provides the mobile learner with access to instructional material from a wide variety of locations and frees them from being tied to a cabled network connection at a static location. Given that m-learning is using modern technology to achieve its goals, it is reasonable to associate m-learning with e-learning, and this is entirely correct. M-learning can in many ways be viewed either as an extension of e-learning or as a specific component of e-learning. While a discussion of detailed definitions will come later, it is important to recognize that entering into m-learning is not a departure from e-learning; the practitioner is simply adding new tools to their box. There are four main objectives of this chapter , all of which relate to preparing instructional conversation practitioners to integrate m-learning 836 Mobile Technology and its Applications in Instructional Conversation into their teaching. The first of these objectives is to gain knowledge of m-learning hardware. As with any technical application, learning the available tools is a critical first step in applying them. Second, readers should gain knowledge of m-learning networking. As will be explored, hardware mobility is of little use without a mobility of information, and information mobility is enabled by mobile networking. Third, readers will gain an understanding of the relationship of m-learning to e-learning which will provide them with a base from which to launch their own m-learning applications. Fourth, readers will review current applications of m-learning technology …


Over recent years archaeology has developed into an increasingly scientific and specialised/professionalised method of collecting the material evidence of the past. Therefore personal memories, local myths and community traditions often go unresearched and unrecorded by archaeologists. However with the recent economic downturn affecting developer-financed, commercial archaeological projects, and the growth in funded heritage themed investigations there is now greater room than ever for oral history to be included as part of the archaeological process. This has resulted in an increased community involvement in archaeology in the form of oral history, and particularly memories related to place (Moshenska 2007). The memories of oral history participants provide a more personal and private interpretation of the archaeology uncovered during excavation. This has been particularly relevant to the exploration, remembrance and memorialisation of traumatic events in individuals' lives (Andrews et al. 2006).


This Appendix contains brief discussions, specific sampling location information, and complete analytical data results for the various near-facility environmental monitoring efforts for 2005. Detailed discussions and summarized analytical results are provided in PNNL-15892, Hanford Site Environmental Report for Calendar Year 2005.


Problem setting. The legal basis for the implementation of technology transfer in Ukraine is the legal framework, in particular, the Law of Ukraine «On State Regulation of Technology Transfer», which has certain shortcomings in the field of state regulation of technology transfer, since Art. 3 of the said Law establishes only the list of subjects, but does not specify and organize them. So, today, the state provision of technology transfer in Ukraine is uncoordinated on the grounds that there is no proper institutional support. The relevance of the topic has determined the purpose of the scientific work, which is to study a group of technology transfer entities that are directly involved in the creation, transfer and use of technology and / or their components, and provide the necessary information, financial and other services at all stages the promotion of technologies and / or their components.
Target of research. The purpose of this article is to analyze the activities and systematization of subjects belonging to the third group under Art. 3 of the said Law: natural persons directly involved in the creation, transfer and application of technologies and / or their components, provide the necessary information, financial and other services at all stages of the technology and / or their components market promotion.
Analysis of recent researches and publications. Technology transfer as a category was investigated by such scientists as Yu. E. Atamanova, O. M Vinnyk, O. M Davdyuk, G.I Zhits, Yu. M. Kapitsa, D.S. Makhnovsky, V.S. Milash , E.A. Novikov, B.M. Paduchak, O.S. Trofimchuk, N.M. Fonshtein, O.A. Chobot, I.E. Yakubovsky. But with the attention of scientists there is a study of the analysis of activity and systematization of the subjects of technology transfer under Art. 3 Law of Ukraine «On State Regulation of Technology Transfer Activities».
Article's main body. The main normative legal document that directly regulates the sphere of technology transfer in Ukraine is the Law of Ukraine «On state regulation of activities in the field of technology transfer». It explains some of the concepts in technology transfer, identifies entities involved in technology transfer (Article 3), but their definitions, powers and functions are described only for government entities and state-owned entities. According to paragraph 3 of Art. 3 of the Law of Ukraine «On state regulation of activities in the field of technology transfer» subjects of technology transfer are individuals who are directly involved in the creation, transfer and use of technologies and / or their components, provide the necessary information, financial and other services for all stages of the advancement of technologies and / or their components to the market. Because an individual is involved in the creation of technology, it may be the creator (author). Any individual, regardless of age, can be the creator of an intellectual property. The right to transfer technology to individuals who are directly involved in technology transfer, although enshrined in applicable law, but only to individuals - entrepreneurs. With regard to individuals involved in the application of technologies and / or their components, these may be, in particular, technology providers and their components used in the application of technologies offered for transfer. The technology transfer entity (in particular, the inventor) can be a natural person in the technology transfer field. Thus, the subjects of technology transfer at certain stages are: the inventor (fundamental science), practitioner (applied science), technologist-producer (industrial production), marketer-seller (market), investor (pilot production and refinement) technology). We assume that technology transfer investors are financing through their own funds or fund management. The most attractive for efficient technology transfer is the Greenfield investor who is motivated by the search for knowledge. Individuals directly involved in the transfer of technology may also be referred to as a patent attorney as a person providing assistance and services related to the protection of intellectual property rights to others whom they represent.
Conclusions and prospects for the development. Although a legal analysis of technology transfer legislation indicates the use of the terms «natural person», for example, author, inventor, who may belong to individuals involved in the creation of technologies and / or their components, and «natural person - entrepreneur», however the parties to the economic agreement in the field of technology transfer are economic entities, ie individuals - entrepreneurs. In our opinion, item 3 of Art. 3 The Law of Ukraine «On State Regulation of Technology Transfer Activities» should be read in the following wording: natural persons directly involved in the creation, transfer and use of technologies and / or their components, provide the necessary information, financial and other services for all stages of promotion of technologies and / or their components on the market are: a) individuals who create new technological solutions, products, methods or means of production, types of goods and services, management structures without conducting scientific howling (scientific and technical) work; b) individuals who provide different types of services during the implementation of innovations, in particular, perform design or technological works on the creation of models, design, provide marketing, training, legal, patent services; c) natural persons - investors who finance projects at their own expense or manage funds. Keywords: technology transfer, technology, services, individual - entrepreneur, author, investor.


While undoubtedly correct mathematically, the 24% probability estimate of stocks underperforming bonds over a twenty-year investment period struck me as intuitively implausible when I first heard it. Given the importance of the Salomon Brothers finding to setting long-term investment policy for pension and endowment funds, I decided to conduct my own investigation. Does the Salomon Brothers finding truly challenge the generally held belief that stock returns will dominate bond returns for investment periods of twenty years or longer? I have concluded that my initial reaction was indeed on the mark. The Salomon Brothers findings are implausible because one of the assumptions behind the mathematical procedures underlying the findings is implausible. As they speculated themselves, the Salomon researchers have indeed "spawned a mathematical curiosity by pushing a short term [investment] model too far into the future" (Leibowitz and Krasker [1988]).


The proportion of dengue events is still dominated by school-age children and not all school environments are free of larvae. The purpose of this study is to describe the larvae (SICENTIK) student activities against school larvae free numbers, student home environments and school buffers in Srondol Community Health Center. This type of research is observational with cross sectional design. The study sample was the total population of all 4th to 9th grade students in all elementary and junior high schools in the Srondol Community Health Center where the number of elementary schools was 15 and 6 junior high schools with 2518 elementary school students and 2575 junior high school students. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. The results of the study revealed that 81% of schools had participated in implementing Sicentik but there were still 9.5% of schools that had not implemented Sicentik and 9.5% of schools had participated but the ABJ results were still below the standard to be free from transmission of DHF. Container index in the school environment is 90.5% and there are still 19% ABJ in the home environment of students who are vulnerable to dengue transmission. There are still schools that have not participated in the implementation of the potential for potential transmission of dengue in the school environment. Monitoring the implementation of Sicentik activities can improve the ABJ in schools and the home environment. Keywords: Sicentik, Larva Distribution, School Buffers


During full-scale wind tunnel testing of the parachute for the Mars Science Laboratory two of the test parachutes experienced an inversion. These were unexpected occurrences and required an analysis of the phenomenon as observed in test and an assessment of what risks it may imply for flight on Mars. The test conditions and the inversion morphology are discussed as they relate to the wind tunnel tests and the impacts on the test effort. The timeline for the formation of the inversions is described and compared to the timeline expected in flight. Differences between the physics and behavior in test and flight are discussed as they relate to the threat of inversion. Mitigating actions are described as well as arguments used in determining the final configuration for use in flight. Nomenclature Do = parachute reference diameter DGB = disk-gap-band parachute M = Mach number MD = mortar deployment SD = sleeve deployment I. Introduction HE Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission will use a 21.5 m reference diameter (Do) Viking scaled disk-gapband (DGB) parachute as a critical component of its entry, descent, and landing system. Structural testing of the MSL parachute was performed in the 80'x120' test section of the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex (NFAC) operated by the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC) at NASA's Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California. These developmental tests were conducted in five different tunnel entries over a ten month period from October of 2007 through July of 2008, while the final flight lot qualification tests were conducted in April of 2009. During the second tunnel entry in December, 2007, the parachute that was used in the second of three planned mortar deployment (MD) tests inverted below the band of the canopy. This was the first time that a DGB parachute had ever inverted in any nominally executed test which includes all wind tunnel, low altitude, high altitude, subsonic, supersonic, and Mars flight condition deployments. Following the MD2 inversion a Risk Assessment Workshop (RAW) was convened in January, 2008, at Pioneer Aerospace in South Windsor, Connecticut, to discuss possible mitigations to the inversion phenomenon both for NFAC testing as well as for flight. The historical flight and test experience was reviewed and a number of options were considered before a down selection exercise reduced the design space to two modifications which were implemented for the third NFAC entry in March, 2008. The two modifications were shown to have no ill effects on the mortar deployment of two 21.5 m and two 23 m parachutes and all four of the openings were observed to be within expectations. Observations made during the second and third tunnel entries showed that the weakest point in the design was at the suspension line to band joint and this junction could fail under certain conditions during test. In order to build some added strength margin into the parachute the suspension line material was changed from Kevlar-29 to Technora-T221 which necessitated a fourth tunnel entry to verify the new material margins. In addition, the testing


Exact axially symmetric multimonopole solutions in the Yang-Mills-Higgs system were recently constructed by Prasad et al. in the Prasad-Sommerfield limit. In this paper we reexpress their results in a more convenient and closed form and also give general constraint relations on the parameters in order to ensure reality of the solution over all space. Further, it is shown that solutions satisfying the reality condition, although regular on the ${x}_{3}$ axis in general, develop singularities on the asymptotic surfaces near the ${x}_{3}$ axis. The necessary and sufficient conditions to ensure nonsingular solutions on the asymptotic surfaces and hence the finiteness of energy are given. The solutions to these conditions uniquely determine all the parameters, up to an overall translation, and are the ones that appear in Prasad's ansatz.


The main objective of this study was to obtain information about the prevalence of the use of prescription drugs among Gestational Diabetic mothers in Bangladesh. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at different medical college & Hospital. The maximum 300 number of information were collected from different Medical Collage &Hospital. The mean age of the patients found in Dhaka under study was between 31-35 years. The highest body weight of patients was found about 6972 kg, which is near about 27% among all. The height of patients was surveyed about 5 feet5 feet 4 inch, which is near about 80%. On the other hand, only 300 gestational diabetic patients were found in 320 pregnant women. The highest number of information were collected from patients in their 2 nd trimester of pregnancy (63.33%), followed by 3 rd trimester (26.66%) and 1 st trimester (8.33%). When patients first diagnosis for gestational diabetes had occurred, the fasting value was measured about below 6.5mmol/L (74% patients), and non-fasting value was about 6.5-8.5mmol/L (48% patients). Parents of 59% patients have a history of gestational diabetes, not applicable 12.3% and others 7% were observed by the patient'sprevious family history. In previous pregnancy, diabetes was not responded for 24 patients. While analyzing the prescription of gestational diabetic patients, it was found that 86.76% patients were taking insulin as a drug. And some physicians suggested there patients to control diet & keeping regular exercise (13.7%). Dedicated to My Parents & Honorable Teachers for their Continuous Support and Encouragement


A novel cooperative interference mitigation strategy for an uplink cellular network with high frequency reuse factor is proposed in this paper. The cooperative base stations iteratively exchange their information among the neighbours while performing distributed signal processing. The base stations improve the estimate of the desired signal with each iteration and the exchanged information is used to regenerate the interference of the users from other cells. The interference is subsequently subtracted at the receiver resulting in an interference reduced signal. The exchange of soft information usually requires high communication bandwidth consumption of the network backhaul. In order to address this problem, we propose a strategy which exchanges only the hard information among the neighbours and a reliable hard interference cancellation procedure is introduced. The proposed algorithm is able to outperform the conventional soft cancellation based cooperation structure while requiring a reduced backhaul traffic.


Flooding is one of the most disruptive and costliest climate-related disasters and presents an escalating threat to population health due to climate change and urbanization patterns. Previous studies have investigated the consequences of flood exposures on only a handful of health outcomes and focus on a single flood event or affected region. To address this gap, we conducted a nationwide, multi-decade analysis of the impacts of severe floods on a wide range of health outcomes in the United States by linking a novel satellite-based high-resolution flood exposure database with Medicare cause-specific hospitalization records over the period 2000- 2016. Using a self-matched study design with a distributed lag model, we examined how cause-specific hospitalization rates deviate from expected rates during and up to four weeks after severe flood exposure. Our results revealed that risk of hospitalization was consistently elevated during and for at least four weeks following severe flood exposure for nervous system diseases (3.5 %; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.6 %, 6.4 %), skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases (3.4 %; 95 % CI: 0.3 %, 6.7 %), and injury and poisoning (1.5 %; 95 % CI: -0.07 %, 3.2 %). Increases in hospitalization rate for these causes, musculoskeletal system diseases, and mental health-related impacts varied based on proportion of Black residents in each ZIP Code. Our findings demonstrate the need for targeted preparedness strategies for hospital personnel before, during, and after severe flooding.


SUMMARY Ascites, a specific type of congestive heart failure also known as pulmonary hypertension syndrome, has been associated with BW and growth rate in broiler chickens. This association appears to be caused by the presence of ascites-susceptible broilers in commercial flocks, which develop pulmonary hypertension when challenged with either conditions that reduce oxygen availability or conditions that increase metabolic oxygen demand. It has been reported that genetic selection is currently being applied to eliminate ascites-susceptible birds from the genetic pool of broiler breeders. Therefore, it is desirable to have current information on the incidence of ascites in today's commercial broilers reared under normal conditions. This would provide producers with information to decide whether to implement procedures to control the incidence of ascites in their flocks. Results from the present study indicate that ascites-related mortality remains associated with BW and growth rate in commercial broilers. From 2 strains of broilers studied, the strain that achieved greater BW and daily BW gains also had greater ascites-related mortality, accounting for nearly 50% of the total mortality when reared to 42 d of age. Providing pelleted feed vs. crumbles also increased ascites-related mortality, in conjunction with improved FCR, BW, feed intake, and growth rate. These results suggest that broilers susceptible to ascites are still present in commercial broiler flocks and that procedures for improving growth rate, such as providing pelleted feed, cause these susceptible broilers to develop the disease and increase ascites-related mortality in commercial settings.


Parkinson's disease, which is often characterized by tremors in a person's body, indicates that there has been a decline in brain function. However, not all the appearance of tremor symptoms can be classified as someone suffering from Parkinson's disease. The characteristics of Parkinson's disease vary widely, one of which is resting tremor, rhythmic vibration of 4 to 6 Hz in the fingers, arms, and even in the legs. This study proved that a smart glove could measure and monitor resting tremors in the fingers. Five IMU MPU6050 sensors are placed on each fingertip. An Arduino microcontroller processes raw data into frequency values and sends it to a mobile application via Bluetooth communication. The device was tested on the right hands of several healthy people and patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that the built device could identify tremors in each finger and convert the tremor value into frequency. Based on tremor reading data from several patients, it was found that the index finger always has a significantly higher frequency value which theoretically means the index finger has a more significant relationship with the brain than the other fingers. However, further research is needed to prove it.


Thermal stability of amorphous Pr silicate high-k layers on Si(001) was evaluated in view of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor processing requirements. Materials science techniques prove that no crystallization, no phase separation into SiO2 and Pr2O3, and no Pr silicide formation at the interface occur after 1min rapid thermal annealing treatment in N2 over the temperature range from 600to900°C. Electrical measurements confirm within this thermal budget well-behaved characteristics with k values between 11 and 13 and leakage currents about three orders of magnitude lower than in case of SiON reference layers.


The objective of this study was to identify consumers' attitudes about the consumption and certification of traditional food products, special characteristics to which they pay attention when buying food products, and their opinions regarding what traditional food products are to them. The research was based on an online questionnaire conducted on a sample of 540 respondents in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The results showed that 98.3% of the respondents consume traditional food products in their households, 95.2% of the consumers decide to buy food products based on their quality, and 68.2% of the consumers believe that certain types of certification can improve product placement on the market. The specific characteristics that consumers mostly prioritize when buying food products are products with no added sugar (41.2%), traditional production processes (38.8%), GMO-free products (36.9%), organic products (36.4%), and additive-free products (34.9%). The results of this research indicate that consumers primarily perceive traditional food products as items produced using traditional methods (72.8%), characterized by the absence of additives (53.2%), specific to a certain geographic area (49.9%), sourced from small farms or facilities (49.5%), and products with long production tradition (49%).


(NH 03755). s of the end of fiscal 1993 (June 30 for almost all colleges and universities), total higher education endowment fund assets were A reported at $92 billion by the Council for Aid to Education.' Ths is a substantial sum, whose whole purpose is to provide ongoing financial support to higher education. It seems appropriate to inquire how productive those assets are and might be. The question has been asked before. Back in the mid-1 960s, McGeorge Bundy, then president of the Ford Foundation, expressed concern at the extraordinary conservatism he saw in the investment of endowment funds. The Foundation formed an Advisory Committee in 1967 to study and report on problems of endowment management. The result was the Barker Report, named after the chairman of that task force, which recommended a number of improvements in management practices, but said rather little about the allocation of endowment assets. There was some encouragement for shifting assets from bonds to stocks and some argument in favor of going beyond strictly blue-chip stocks. Mr. Bundy's clear message, however, was that it was time for endowment funds to move from bonds to common stocks. The Bundy advice was good, but its timing was unfortunate. Shortly after some college and university investment committees began to take these recommendations seriously, the stock market began a decade-long period of negligible returns. By 1974, there were bitter reflections on whether the Bundy advice was seriously


Objective To investigate the relativity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and insulin resistance(IR).Methods A total of 330 cases of COPD were divided into four groups based on the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosis and treatment guidelines(revised edition 2007): 95 cases of mild COPD,95 cases of moderate COPD,75 cases of severe COPD,65 cases of extremely severe COPD.40 persons served as the normal controls.Fasting plasma glucose and insulin,blood lipids,urine albumin excretion rate,and insulin sensitivity index(ISI) were determined.Results Compared with the normal control group,fasting blood glucose,blood lipids,urinary albumin excretion rate in different COPD groups were significantly increased,while ISI was markedly reduced(P0.05).Compared with the mild and moderate COPD groups,fasting blood glucose,blood lipids,urinary albumin excretion rate of the severe and very severe COPD groups were significantly increased,while ISI was significantly reduced(P0.05).Conclusion Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have insulin resistance,and the more serious the disease,the lower the insulin sensitivity.


【Objectives : Ryodoraku is a physiological function test using electric current, and is closely related to skin sympathetic tone. Pulse analysis is known to reflect cardiovascular reactivity. There has been no report on the correlation between ryodoraku and pulse analysis in respiratory diseases. The present study examined the diagnostic values of ryodoraku and pulse analysis for respiratory disease patients Methods : For this study, we conducted ryodoraku and pulse analysis in 103 people including 79 respiratory disease outpatients who visited the $5^{th}$ Internal Department of the Oriental Medicine Hospital of Kyung Hee University during the period from January 1, 2003 to July 25, 2006, and 24 volunteers who did not have any respiratory symptoms or disease history. The respiratory disease patients were divided into five sub-groups according to their symptom: cough-sputum group, wheezing-dyspnea group ' nasal symptoms group. cold-prone group, and fatigue prone group. We compared the disease groups with the control group in six items as follows : mean ryodoraku, mean H1, mean elastic index, the percentage of those with mean ryodoraku below $40{\mu}A$ , the percentage of those with HI beyond the physiological range, and the ratio of left : right of elastic index Results and Conclusions : Ryodoraku and pulse analysis were found to have a high value as quantitative diagnosis tools reflecting individuals' weakness and firmness. The results of this research suggest that ryodoraku and pulse analysis have value as tools for diagnosing respiratory diseases.】


Rotation of polarization in an external gravitational field is one of the effects of general relativity that can serve as a basis for its precision tests. A careful analysis of reference frames is crucial for a proper evaluation of this effect. We introduce an operationally-motivated local reference frame that allows for a particularly simple description. We present a solution of null geodesics in Kerr space-time that is organized around a new expansion parameter, allowing a better control of the series, and use it to calculate the resulting polarization rotation. While this rotation depends on the reference-frame convention, we demonstrate a gauge-independent geometric phase for closed paths in general space-times.


Herein, a proximate analysis of processed Parkia biglobosa (PB) was undertaken. The properties determined for the sample were Moisture content, Ash, Crude fibre, Protein, Fat, and Carbohydrate. Triplicate analysis were carried out for each parameter. The result of the study shows that processed PB seed contains appreciable quantities of nutrients required for the body, allied with low levels of inorganic impurities. Keyword: Parkia biglobosa, proximate analysis, ash content, fiber content, NAFDAC


At the end of the interdigital transducer connected to the at least one other interdigital transducer, the small pitch electrode provided with the joint portion of the electrode tab, the electrode pitch is smaller than the pitch joint further electrode tab. In addition, the small pitch electrode linker moiety comprises two adjacent electrode tabs in at least one position of the electrode on the inverter for the same two adjacent electrode tab polarity.


Objective: Salmonella typhi is a food and water-borne agent of a serious human disease, and it is transmitted by faecal-oral route. In the presence of inadequate infrastructure facilities; poor sanitation and health care; outbreaks of typhoid fever via contamination of drinking water were reported. In this study; pediatric cases of typhoid fever outbreak were reviewed in Hakkari and we also emphasized that typhoid fever is still a serious health problem in East and Southeast Anatolia region. Methods: In this article children who were diagnosed and treated for typhoid fever were reviewed. Totally 118 children who were admitted to Hakkari State Hospital and a private medical center, diagnosed as typhoid fever were included during the period between 5. and 30. of March 2007. The diagnosis of typhoid fever was based on the results of Gruber Widal agglutination tests. Results: Sixty eight patients were male (57.6%) and 50 were female (42.4%). Mean age was 8.4 years (10 months-17 years). Presenting symptoms in order of decreasing frequency were fever (100%), malaise (100%), headache (74%), abdominal pain (39.8%), vomiting (29.6%), diarrhea (21.1%), cough (16.9%), and epistaxis (5%). Hepatomegaly was remarkable compared to splenomegaly in physical examination of the cases. The most common laboratory features were elevated acute phase reactants, anemia (81%), leukopenia (56%), thrombocytopenia (3.5%), and elevated transaminase levels (28%). Conclusion: Forty four patients (37.2%) were hospitalized and treated for deydration due to vomiting and poor oral intake. One patient had developed a clinical picture of subileus as a complication.