A simple and accurate method for determining polar compound (PC) content in heat-deteriorated oils was developed, since universal standards are necessary for assessing thermal rancidity in frying oil quality control. At present, the means used for standards differ according to countries. For instance, in Japan the upper limit of acid value (AV) is 2.5 and carbonyl value (CV) is 50, in the United States free fatty acid (FFA) content is less than 2.0%, and in EU countries PC content is below about 25% and smoke point is above 170°C. JOCS official method to determine PC content by column chromatography is complicated and time consuming, and thus in this study JOCS method was modified by TLC-FID, using soybean oil samples prepared under various heating conditions. TLC-FID method with hexane / diethyl ether (87/13 v/v) as developing solvent provided excellent linearity of y=1.02x + 0.53 with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9960, where y and x express PC content determined by JOCS and TLC-FID methods, respectively. Thermal rancidity of soybean oil samples heated under different air bubbling conditions was measured with PC content by TLC-FID, AV, CV, and anisidine value. PC content was clearly shown to be reflected in rancidity of sample oils with heating time. Correlation between PC content and AV displayed excellent linearity with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9310. The present TLC-FID method determining PC content may thus be concluded an effective means for evaluating the quality of heat-deteriorated oils.


Traditionally, ethnographic researchers have relied heavily on the interview as a method of collecting data (Bernard 1988:203). This prevalence of interviewing is not just characteristic of anthropology: "Certairnly, the survey-interview is the best-known method of data-collection in the social sciences" (Dijkstra and van der Zouwen 1982:2). As a result, there is a vast literature on how to conduct interviews effectively (e.g., Bradburn et al. 1979; Dillman 1978; Foddy 1993; Rossi et al. 1983; Sudman and Bradburn 1982). However, regardless of the skill with which ethnographers conduct interviews, they often find that when they ask more than one information the same question, different answers are elicited, even when the question bears on cultural beliefs or values. How is this variability in response to the same question to be interpreted? Does it mean that different informants have different beliefs concerning the topic of the question? Should it be interpreted as spurious deviation from a culturally normative response arising from situational vagaries (e.g., the weather on the day the question was asked)? Alternatively, have some informants been unable to learn the appropriate response for some reason? Or does this variability result from a misunderstanding of the question and/or the anthropologist's lack of comprehension of what the informant responded? Similar interpretational difficulties arise when a single informant responds differently to the same question on separate occasions. Ethnographers have not had available the theoretical or empirical tools needed to determine the relative importance of different sources of variability in primary ethnographic data. Boster and Weller (1990:172) identify this as a central problem for ethnographic research: "we believe there are still no clear criteria for identifying variation [in responses] as either cognitive, contextual, or simply noise." As a result, although many anthropological studies have tacitly recognized the existence of variability in the beliefs and behavior of different individuals from the same cultural group, most ethnographers have chosen to ignore that variability when conducting their analyses or presenting their results (Pelto and Pelto 1975:2). Instead, ethnographies have traditionally been constructed on the assumption that group-level processes dominate, with individual-level variability being ephemeral. However, when significant intracultural variability in belief does exist, the use of categorical statements to characterize cultural groups as a whole can seriously misrepresent the ethnographic reality being described. This misrepresentation is even more likely to occur when ethnographers follow the traditional practice of asking only a relatively few (i.e., "key") informants about any particular topic. If informants do not respond consistently to questions, then the certainty of an particular response is low. Building an interpretation of some aspect of culture based on a series of such weak links can severely reduce the likelihood of arriving at a valid conclusion. This problem makes clear the importance of determining the reliability of responses to questions under field conditions. This article will show that the various influences on what informants report can be identified and their influence on those reports assessed. By using what I call the Reflexive Analytical approach to ethnographic data collection and analysis, the ethnographer can simultaneously solve the two related but distinct problems just discussed: namely, the problems of determining whether there is substantive intracultural variability in belief, and whether particular responses are reliable.(2) First, by partitioning variability in interview responses to different influences using a statistical model, the method determines whether all the observed variability is purely methodological, or represents, at least in part, meaningful differences in belief between individuals in a cultural group. …


SMQ / VOL. X / NO. 1 / SPRING 2004 This book, authored by two of Australia's leading social marketing researchers and practitioners, is a welcome addition to the social marketing literature for at least three reasons. First, it provides a showcase of social marketing projects conducted in Australia and other international venues that are not covered in other texts on the subject. Second, it may be the best presentation yet of an integration of theory, research, and practice in describing social marketing that reflects the authors' experience at each of these three levels. Finally, it is the first book since Manoff 's Social Marketing: New Imperative for Public Health (1985) to firmly place its discussion of social marketing within a public health philosophy and framework. In and of itself, the latter point – addressed in the first two chapters – makes this book required reading for anyone using social marketing in public health contexts. The authors position social marketing within a social change context and use the social determinants literature to expand its purview beyond just individual change models. They note that target groups for social marketing include groups not usually addressed by others – policymakers and legislators, service providers, opinion leaders, and businesses – and throughout the book provide examples of how these audiences have been incorporated into programs. The distinctions they draw between social marketing and other related approaches (e.g., not-for-profit marketing, cause-related marketing, corporate philanthropy, and others) are well thought out and if widely read would likely put an end to the fuzziness with which many often approach this task.


We give a complete classification of holomorphic foliations on compact complex surfaces which are not uniformisable, i.e., for which universal coverings of the leaves do not glue together in a Hausdorff way. This leads to complex analogs of the Reeb component defined on certain Hopf surfaces and certain Kato surfaces. 2000 Math. Subj. Class. 32J15, 37F75, 57R30.


A automation cutoff protection circuit of LED display screen , the drive circuit linked the LED display screen , include one first counters and one second counters, the counting clock of the said second counters is the local low frequency bus clocks , the counting clock of the said first counters is high frequency bus clocks which comes from the signal source of the far end control panel, whose frequency is several times of the said low frequency bus clock, a gate controlled signal module makes use of the time difference between the said high , low frequency bus clock produces a gate controlled signal, the said gated gate controlled signal is always low, while the said LED display screen has no scanning signal , the said gated gate controlled signal is high constantly ,while the stated LED display screen has scanning signal. The LED display screen of the invention circuit device cut off automatically when there is no scanning signal, the LED display screen restored the showing circuit automatically when there is a scanning signal , the circuit structure is simple, pragmatic ,reliable, it prolongs the use time of the LED display screen.


After R&D study of 1/3 scale 1.5 GHz non-axially symmetric squashed cell shape superconducting Nb crab cavities a full scale 508 MHz squashed cell shape superconducting Nb crab cavity for KEKB has been designed and fabricated at KEK. The full scale cavity was fabricated using the same fabrication techniques developed at the R&D studies of the 1/3 scale model. At the same time test stand for this cavity with RF measurement system and vertical cryostat has been constructed. The first cold test of this cavity in 4.2 K vertical cryostat was carried out and the surface electric peak field Esp could exceed its design value of Esp = 21 MV/m.


A simple approach to modeling and identification of discrete-time nonlinear dynamic systems having an input hysteresis in cascade with a linear dynamic system is presented. A special form of Coleman-Hodgdon model for the hysteresis is considered, which is linear in parameters. For the cascade system parameter estimation, an iterative method with internal variable estimation is proposed. Simulation studies of cascade systems identification using special periodic inputs are included.


In lossy compression, the quantisation introduces distortions and allows the  encoder to adjust the size of the output stream to a desired bandwidth. T he ratedistortion (RD) theory says that for a given source with known sta tistical properties and a given distortion measure, there exists a function, R(D), called the rate-distortion function which determines the best possible compression rate R(D) for arbitrary amount of tolerable distortion D. The typical shape of the R(D) function is depicted in Fig. 1. When the compression is lossless ( D=0), the best possible compression rate is the entropy rate, H.


In this paper, we performed accelerated degradation testing (ADT) of a certain type of driver IC under different humidity stress levels. We keep the drivers in storage under same temperature but different humidity; measure the determined sensitive parameter of the driver with fixed time interval, then model the degradation path to obtain the pseudo-failure lifetime. Finally, we analyze the test data by using a power-law equation, extrapolate storage lifetime of the driver IC under normal temperature and humidity stress level.


The equilibrium solubilities of the quaternary system EuCl3-CdCl2-HCl-H2O was determined at 25 ℃ and the corresponding equilibrium diagram was constructed. The systems is complicated with two new compounds 9CdCl2·EuCl3·22H2O and 4CdCl2·EuCl3·14H2O which have not yet been reported in literatures. The two new compounds have been characterized by XRD, TC-DTG and fluorescence spectrophotometer. Results show that the two compounds belong to monoclinic system, fluorescence spectrum exhibit at 390 nm (9CdCl2·EuCl3·22H2O) and 385 nm (4CdCl2·EuCl3·14H2O) excited at 240 nm, and 9CdCl2·EuCl3·22H2O loses its crystal water by two steps at 50 ℃ to 241 ℃, 4CdCl2·EuCl3·14H2O loses its crystal water by four at 42 ℃ to 332 ℃.


DFT calculations were performed for the A-cluster from the enzyme Acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS). The acid constants (pKa), reduction potentials, and pH-dependent reduction potential for the A-cluster with different oxidation states and ligands were calculated. Good agreement of the reduction potentials, dependent on pH in the experiment, was obtained. On the basis of the calculations, a mechanism for the methylation reaction involving two–electron reduction and protonation on the proximal nickel atom of the reduced A-cluster is proposed.


Abstract We studied 29 patients with herpes simplex virus, type 1, encephalitis in Michigan between 1966 and 1971. Twenty patients were treated intravenously with idoxuridine at doses of up to 86 m...


reud's essay "On Narcissism: An Introduction" (1914a) F would have been more aptly called "On the Introduction of Narcissism," not merely because it is a more accurate translation of the German, but because the aim of the essay is not to introduce the reader to narcissism, so much as to introduce narcissism into psychoanalytic theory. In hindsight, it seems that Freud should also have written an essay entitled, "On the Introduction of Eros." For from 1920 on, he seems increasingly aware that he had, incredibly enough, left eros out of psychoanalytic thinking. IVhen we talk of a legacy our speech is often tinged with an ambiguity which suggests ambivalence. There is, of course, the straightfonvard sense of a bequest-as with Freud's passing on to us the idea of the repressed unconscious. But there is also a sense of legacy as that which a person did not hand down (but should have). Here the legacy is a task: it is the unfinished business which the child needs to complete in order to manifest love, atone for ambivalence and succeed the parent (Loeivald, 1960, p. 249). This is Freud's legacy-as-task: to develop a psychoanalytic account of the erotic. Although he placed eros at the center of psychoanalytic theory, he says remarkably little about it. Of course, he speculates grandly: "Eros" is capitalized, and introduced as one of hvo cosmic principles which, together, make


In order for wire electrical discharge machining equipment to perform fixation with as simple a setup as possible, this control device has a configuration that is provided with: a weight-computing unit that calculates the weight of the core (2) on the basis of a first input from the user specifying the NC program (200) and the workpiece material and plate thickness; a necessary fixing distance-computing unit (108), which calculates the fixing distance on the basis of the weight of the core (2); a fixing position-computing unit (109), which sets the fixing position so that the total length is equal to the fixing distance; a fixation condition-setting unit (106) for determining setting values for the fixation processing conditions on the basis of the first input; and a finishing machine-driving unit (110), which drives the wire electrical discharge machining equipment on the basis of the NC program (200) and causes the wire electrical discharge machining equipment to process the site that is set to be the fixing position by applying the fixation processing conditions.


Background: Many techniques and drug have been tried from time to time to calm the patients and eliminate the anxiety component during regional anesthesia. Ropivacaine is a good agent for use in epidural anesthesia but having side effects like neurotoxicity and cardiac toxicity. Aims: This present study is designed to evaluate effects of epidural ropivacaine 0.75% and ropivacaine 0.75% with dexmedetomidine on the patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy. Settings and Design: Randomized, prospective and comparative study Methods and Material : In this study, patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 each. Group I(R) received epidural Ropivacaine 0.75 % (17 ml) (127.5 mg) and Group II(RD) received epidural Ropivacaine 0.75 % (17 ml) (127.5 mg) with dexmedetomidine 1.5 ug/kg. Sensory, motor and hemodynamic profile between two groups was compared. Statistical Analysis: Mean and standard deviation was calculated. Test of analysis between 2 groups was done by"t" test and chi square test then P value was calculated. Results and Conclusion: No significant difference was found between the groups in sensory and motor profile.( P<0.05). Hemodynamic stability was found better with dexmedetomidine. Rescue analgesic requirement was reduced in dexmedetomidine group.


In order to solve the problem that current commercially available minimally surgical robots do not include significant haptic(force) feedback mechanism,a novel decoupled and coordinated force-position control strategy with corresponding intelligent control system design is proposed based on bilateral decoupled and coordinated bio-regulation mechanism in human body,in which control features of minimally surgical robots are considered.Actual experiments are carried out with four 3-DOF(degree of freedom) haptic manipulators to illustrate the performance of the proposed intelligent controller system.The results indicate that the proposed control system can achieve decoupled and coordinated force-position control.The operator can get accurate force feedback to guarantee robot performing task harmoniously and stably.


The DIRECT Project aims to obtain direct distances to two Local Group galaxies, M31 and M33, which occupy a crucial position near the base of the cosmological distance ladder. The first step is to search for detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs) and Cepheids using 1 m class telescopes to select good candidates, which will be followed up spectroscopically on 6.5–10 m class telescopes. In this ninth paper, we present a catalog of variable stars discovered with image subtraction in field M31Y (α = 10.°97, δ = 41.°69; J2000.0). The data were obtained with the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory 1.2 m telescope on 25 nights, over a period of 6 months. In our search covering 22′ × 22′, we discovered 41 eclipsing binaries, 126 Cepheids, and 97 other periodic or nonperiodic variables, including a luminous blue variable candidate, a nova, and a Galactic cataclysmic variable. The catalog of variables, as well as their photometry and finding charts, is available electronically via anonymous ftp and the World Wide Web. The complete set of the CCD frames is available upon request.


Pruritus is a common symptom in chronic hemodialysis patients, its intensity varies from patient to patient and which plays a major role in impairing their quality of life. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood and its management remains a challenge.
 The main objective of our study is to estimate the frequency of pruritus in our population and its impact on their quality of life.

 This is a cross-sectional study involving 53 patients carried out in the dialysis unit of the CHU Hédi chaker in sfax. The DLQI (Dermatology Life Quality Index), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the verbal analogue scale to specify the intensity of pruritus were used to assess the impact of pruritus on quality of life.

 The mean age of our patients was 48 ± 28 years with a predominance of men (60%). The mean duration on hemodialysis was 5.4 years. The prevalence of pruritus was 28% of cases. Pruritus affects 75% of the body surface in 90% of patients, an intensity greater than or equal to 5 in 93.33% of cases on an intensity scale of 0 to 10, the impact was moderate on the quality of life according to the DLQI in 66.66% of the cases, 86.66% of the patients presented a nocturnal recrudescence of the pruritus, and an alteration of the quality of sleep was present in 73.33% of the cases according to the PSQI.
 The Comparison of the groups with (G1) or without pruritus (G2) showed the predominance of hyperposphoraemia in the first group with averages of 1.92mmol / l and 1.4mmol / l respectively in G1 and G2

 Pruritus remains the most frequent complaint for hemodialysis patients, which in our patients was linked mainly to hyperposphoraemia requiring optimization of phosphorus chelators and hemodialysis measures.


After the development of the atomic and hydrogen weapons, nuclear deterrence has been commonly viewed as the ultimate form of deterrence among civilians and politicians. Throughout the Cold War and even in the present, various nations strived to initiate their nuclear weapons program to enhance national security and presence in international affairs. However, has our fear of nuclear weapons blinded us from objectively evaluating its effectiveness in deterring conflicts and wars? This paper aims to evaluate nuclear deterrence and conventional deterrence to determine which is effective. Components of deterrence are discussed to determine the characteristics of nuclear and conventional deterrence. In addition, various historical events and defense technologies are analyzed.


Research on the application of GIS navigation system is the shortest path search efficiency.The electronic navigation system has high demand for the shortest path search efficiency.With urban development,traffic lines increase,and the traditional Dijkstra algorithm based on GIS navigation system can not adapt to the increasingly complex traffic lines.The shortest path search efficiency is too low.Considering the GIS spatial distribution characteristics,this paper proposed the improvement Dijkstra algorithm to solve the shortest path search problem in GIS navigation.The improved algorithm not only avoids the case that traditional Dijkstra algorithm traverses the search by node,but also according to priority narrow search direction features range,greatly reduces the workload search,and through the change of the storage of data structure search node improves the shortest path search efficiency.Experiment indicates that compared with the traditional method the improved algorithm can effectively improve the shortest path algorithm of the search efficiency,and satisfy the shortest path search efficiency requirements of the electronic navigation system,and obtaines satisfactory results.


Paedlatric Patterns: In his first Milroy lecture, Dr. Peter Henderson outlines changes in disease and mortality in schoolchildren over the past 100 years (p. 259). Contraception by Oral Progestogen: Continuous low dosage was successful in all but 13 out of 390 women over a two-year period and produced few side-effects (p. 263) ; Ovarian biopsies of 12 women after 4-19 months administration showed ovulation had occurred in 6; preoperative studies of cervix, endometrium, and sperm tolerance indicated that antifertility effect is an antioestrogenic one (p. 266).


DMITRI TRENIN: Post-Imperium: A Eurasian Story. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2011, 279 pp.Dmitri Trenin is a director of the Carnegie Moscow Center and a former military officer. In his previous book-Post-Imperium: A Eurasian Story, Trenin provided an original and complex diagnosis about his native country-Russia. As the author writes himself: "This is not a book about the empire, tsarist or Soviet, but about the next stage, when the empire is gone." Consequently, Trenin does not spend too much time explaining the causes of the end of the Soviet Union. Instead, at one point he simply notes that "all empires rise and fall." In this context Trenin recalls examples of other past empires-Great Britain, France, Ottoman Turkey and Austria-Hungary, indicating the diverse paths these countries followed after their empires were dismantled.Trenin's general remark is that unlike most former empires, post-imperial Russia "has neither disappeared nor reinvented itself as a nation state, but [is] seeking to reconstitute itself as a great power, with a regional base and global interest." At the same time the author elucidates a paradox which lies on the very root of post-imperial Russia: that in trying to establish itself in "the top league of the world's major players" the country "has been striving, simultaneously, to keep itself in one piece." If one takes this into consideration, it becomes much easier to understand the origins of vast the controversies over Russia's domestic situation as well as its foreign policy.It is hard to recall any other country that is seen as regaining neo-imperial clout and moving closer to rebuilding a Soviet Union (in the form of the so-called Eurasian Union), while at the same time being doomed to become a natural resources appendix to China, if not simply to disintegrate. As to the possible further dissolution of the Russian Federation, as well as a model of relations with China, Trenin writes that much will depend on economic prosperity and social development-that is the country's ability to modernise, including its Far East region.Trenin also writes that "whether it [Russia] modernises or not, there will be no incarnation of its historical empire" and that "Today's Russia is post, rather than neo-imperial." Throughout the book the author provides several arguments to justify this thesis, repeating that the country has lost its imperial elan. It is in this context that one can view Trenin's remarks that, not only has the Soviet Union has past, but also that the "post-Soviet space" has ceased to be a minimally usable concept in discussing geopolitics." Instead there are three new regions: New Eastern Europe, South Caucasus and Central Asia, composed of states that "not only survived but also established themselves."Moreover, given the fact, that "the Soviet Union acted abroad as a big spender," empire building by modern Russia is impossible because of the pragmatism of its foreign policy. In Trenin's opinion, current Russian elites seek not imperial grandiosity but rather business opportunities. The fact that the current Russian leadership does not aspire to replace past ideologies (orthodoxy or communism), with new ones-aimed at re-integrating the empire, is rather uncontroversial. However, one could argue about whether the existence of a profit-seeking elite rules out any imperial inclinations of a country. This becomes even more disputable in the case of the Soviet Union, which in Poland (unlike in Russia) is believed to have exploited the economies of its satellite states.Another thesis which, seen from Polish point of view, seems controversial, is Trenin's distinction between empire and great power, arguing that the former produces "some public goods," while the latter is driven by a national egoism. Even with a dose of good will it would be hard to image any kind of public good delivered to Poland from the Soviet Union. One may indicate an almost 50 year-long period of peace in the Central-Eastern part of Europe (apart from military intervention in Hungary or Czechoslovakia), but then again this can also be seen as a "side-effect" of a bipolar clinch between the two adversaries, rather than an effect of a foreign policy geared towards peace. …


The Permian-Triassic in the Ordos Basin deposited a colorful set of strata. Though there have been many studies on oil and gas resources here, little attention has been paid to the genesis mechanism of its color. To analyze the color origin of the Permian-Triassic claystones, and to clarify the dialectical relationship between rock color and sedimentary environment, petrological and geochemical methods including polarization microscope, scan electron microscope, X ray diffractometer and ICP–MS were used. The results show that that minerals with different colors, composition, and content serve as colorants in sedimentary rocks, with the predominant dyeing component in dark claystones being the organic matter, while red beds primarily acquire their color from hematite and other ferric minerals. Additionally, different rock colors correspond to distinct chemical composition variations. The black-gray rocks of the Yanchang and Shihezi formations have high TOC content, Fe2+/Fe3+, V/Cr, and low CaO/(MgO × Al2O3) and Sr/Cu, while the red-brown rocks of the Liujiagou and Heshanggou formations exhibit the opposite. Therefore, the different colors of the rocks stem from their different mineral and chemical compositions, which in turn influenced by the changes of the paleoclimate, paleoenvironment and tectonic movements. Comprehensive analysis of color, mineral and chemical composition reveals the evolution process of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment in the Ordos Basin from the late Permian to Triassic, beginning with a warm, humid climate characterized by a weak oxidation environment in the Shihezi and Shiqianfeng formations, transitioning to a hot, arid climate in the Liujiagou and Heshanggou formations, and returning to a warm, humid climate with a weak oxidation environment in the Zhifang and Yanchang formations. This evolution history aligns with the global tectonic and climate evolution. Overall, Systematic analysis of sedimentary rock color can provide an important basis for the study of the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment.


Jorge Artel confronts his contradictory and divided World in "Sinu, riberas de asombro jubiloso" with the proposal of an idyll based on the ideal of recovery of a paradise that has been lost or is in the brink of extinction. The rupture with the chronological and historical time allows the recovery of primeval space-time coordinates which transformed in sign, forms the building blocks of his identity. We began revising the general theoretical principles on idyllic works to later analyze Artel's long poem where we find that spite of its idyllic exaltation, offers a strong social and ethnic vindication in consonance with his literary corpus.


Misidentification of Aframomum melegueta, an important medicinal plant has huge adverse health implications. Thus, the scientific description and characterization of the accessions in Ghana was imperative. The study found the plant to bear creepy stolons which bear terminal bud for production of tillers instead of rhizomes which had earlier been reported by other investigators. All the accessions had a distinctive non storage bulbous structure at the base of the pseudostem. The UPGMA dendrogram clustered the accession into Ashanti and Eastern accessions based on ecological location. The Eastern accessions were sub-clustered in two groups based on fruit colour.


The new species Salvia wixarika from Sierra Madre Occidental region (northern Jalisco, Mexico) is here described and illustrated. This is one of the few Mexican species characterized by having corollas entirely white. It is morphologically related to S. sphacelifolia but differs by the absence of glandular-capitate hairs, leaf shape, floral bract length, pedicel length, number of veins in the upper calyx lip, filament length, connective and style length. It is also similar to S. collinsii but differs in size and duration of floral bracts, pedicel length, calyx width, corolla length, lower lip size, filament length, connective length, theca and style length. Additionally, the updated descriptions of S. collinsii and S. sphacelifolia are provided.


Llamojha Mitma, Manuel and Jaymie Patricia Heilman. Now Peru Is Mine: The Life and Times of a Campesino Activist. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2016. Review by William O. Deaver, Jr.


We study vector meson photoproduction from the deuteron at high momentum transfer, accompanied by break-up of the deuteron into a proton and neutron. The large −t involved allows one of the nucleons to be identified as struck, and the other as a spectator to the N → V N subprocess. Corrections to the plane wave impulse approximation involve final state interactions (FSIs) between the struck nucleon or the vector meson, either of which is energetic, with the slow spectator nucleon. In this regime, the eikonal approximation is valid, so is employed to calculate the cross-section for the reaction. Due to the high-energy nature of the FSIs, the maxima of the rescatterings are located at nearly transverse directions of the fast hadrons. This results in two peaks in the angular distribution of the spectator nucleon, each corresponding to either the V -N or the p-n rescattering. The V -N peak provides a new means of probing the V -N interaction. This


Based on the background of the reformation in the higher education management in China,this paper brings forward the inevitability and necessity of higher school management system of university and college,explaining the situation of the construction of it,through changing administration thinking,changing the department function,establishing perfect management,so as to improve the higher educational institution performance constantly.


The invention discloses a water soluble unit dose product applicable to fabric washing. The water soluble unit dose product comprises a first closed portion a and a second closed portion b, wherein the first closed portion is at least made of a water soluble film a, the content of the first closed portion is a main detergent composition a, the weight-average molecular weight of the water soluble film a ranges from 5000 to 120000, and the thickness ranges from 25 micrometers to 100 micrometers; the second closed portion is at least made of a water soluble film b, the content of the second closed portion is a washing assistant composition b, the weight-average molecular weight of the water soluble film b ranges from 40000 to 250000, and the thickness ranges from 25 micrometers to 120 micrometers. According to the water soluble unit dose product, the purpose that a main detergent composition packet and a washing assistant packet are broken at different moments is achieved, so that washing components are released at different time points, and the advantage that the washing or nursing effect of the washing components is brought into play to the maximum extent is achieved.


This paper presents an electronically tunable impedance transformer and matching network for RF applications, utilizing thin-film barium strontium titanate (BST) tunable capacitors in an integrated-passive network on sapphire. The impedance transformer can be electronically varied from a 4:1 to 2:1 transformation in a 50 ohm environment. A slight modification of this circuit is shown to provide a match for a highly-reactive integrated antenna allowing the antenna to be used with improved efficiency from 420MHz to 500MHz. ACPR measurements are presented on the latter network showing ACPR1 of >50 dBc at 27 dBm drive power.


Jaguars Panthera onca are absent from approximately 70% of the remaining Brazilian Atlantic Forest due to a combination of habitat loss and degradation, poaching and high hunting pressure on their prey (Azevedo & Conforti, 2008; Galetti et al., 2013). This contrasts with North American and European large terrestrial predators that are recovering their historical abundance levels, colonizing even environments that are shaped by humans (Morrel, 2013; Chapron et al., 2014). Population supplementation and reintroduction programs, linked with hunting control, are proposed as management actions to reverse the jaguar's fate (Galetti et al., 2013); however, a combination of agricultural landuse change and the introduction of an invasive exotic species – the wild boar Sus scrofa – might, paradoxically, have more of a positive effect. The state of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil) hosts some of the largest protected remnants of Atlantic Forest, but in most of them jaguars are locally extinct. In the past two decades, large areas of relatively unproductive pasturelands, used for livestock grazing in this state, have been replaced by either sugarcane or Eucalyptus plantations. Such landuse change is directly impacting biodiversity (Verdade et al., 2012), but might benefit jaguars. The background of workers involved in these agro-industrial activities is changing from local residents to temporary workers coming from urban areas. The displaced locals are predominantly moving to the cities (Diaz-Chavez et al., 2015), losing their rural culture (Comin et al., 2009). It is, therefore, reasonable to expect that human hunting pressure on jaguars and their prey might decrease. In addition, the reduction of conflict with livestock, because of land-use change, is likely to decrease retaliation on jaguars. Wild boars are now widespread in the state of São Paulo (Pedrosa Salerno, 2015 et al., Eucalyptus and sugarcane plantations (Fig. 1). Jaguars are able to prey upon well-armed large animals such as caimans Caiman yacare and tapirs Tapirus terrestris (Azevedo & Verdade, 2012), making wild boar a potential prey. This combination of low hunting pressure and high prey abundance in these agricultural landscapes might increase the opportunity for jaguars to move over large distances, possibly connecting the remaining isolated populations of the species in the eastern and western regions of the state (respectively, 'Serra do Mar' and 'Morro do Diabo' State Parks). If this does occur, population expansion and connection might increase the jaguar population's genetic variability, which is currently low (Haag et al., 2010). Although, paradoxically dependent on the introduction of a highly invasive exotic species and on the land-use change in agricultural landscapes, the recovery of a top predator is desirable from conservationists' point of view, but it imposes challenges for the field of wildlife management. In such contexts, governance is crucial to mitigate the inevitable conflicts due to concerns about the security of agricultural workers, the potential increase in road accidents and the spread of diseases (e.g. rabies). In order to confront these challenges, the following issues need to be addressed: (1) wild boars are considered to be the most invasive vertebrate in the world (Barrios-Garcia & Ballari, 2012); the cost of their control could be considerably reduced in the presence of jaguars; (2) agricultural landscapes should be multifunctional with a primary mission of producing crops and domesticated livestock, but also a secondary mission of conserving wild species (Verdade et al., 2014); and last but not least, (3) capacity building in the field of wildlife management should be stimulated in Brazil (Verdade, 2004). Many countries have been facing conflicts related to the recovery of large predators (Marchini, 2014), and their experience would be invaluable in such a task. In addition, the following research questions might be addressed by conservation scientists in order to evaluate the feasibility of the future scenario posed in this letter: (1) What is the current jaguar carrying capacity of Eucalyptus and sugarcane agricultural landscapes in relation to the pris-


This paper presents a multiple objective decision analysis approach to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate different Potassium iodide (KI) distribution plans for a hypothetical local region. We developed this approach for a National Research Council committee which was charged with figuring out the best means for protecting people against potential thyroid cancer due to the release of radioactive iodine. We first identify an objectives hierarchy, and then develop the single dimensional value functions and the weights for the objectives using a swing weight method. The identification of the largest value gaps between the status quo and the ideally perfect situation helps to develop potential KI distribution plans. We then use an additive value function to assess the performance of these new lternatives with the status quo as a benchmark by computing their overall values. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis for the KI problem shows this approach can create more key insights for the improvement of health and safety decision making processes, and is a useful contribution to the literature on sensitivity analysis in decisions under certainty.


While the impact of fertility treatments on the perinatal outcome is well established, the long‐term effects on offspring are yet to be determined. The current study aimed to investigate the risk of long‐term obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among children born following in vitro fertilization (IVF) and ovulation induction (OI) as compared with spontaneously conceived pregnancies.


Phenobarbital (PHB) (International Non-proprietary Name) or Phenobarbitone (British Approved Name) is a long acting barbiturate and the most widely used anti-seizure medication globally. Fever, skin reactions, limb edema, and drug-induced hypersensitivity have been reported in children because of various drugs, mainly aromatic antiepileptic drugs such as phenytoin, PHB, carbamazepine, and primidone. The skin reactions differ in severity and range from a mild maculopapular erythema to exfoliative dermatitis. A 2-month-old male baby was brought to the dermatology out-patient department with complaints of redness and scaling all over the body (erythroderma) after 2-3 weeks of PHB treatment for convulsions. PHB was stopped, and corticosteroids (topical and systemic) were started. The baby improved over a period of 2 weeks. According to Naranjo's adverse drug reaction probability scale, the causality relation between erythroderma and PHB was found to be a probable one.


We construct linearizations for a class of second order elliptic eigenvalue dependent boundary value problems on smooth bounded domains with rational operator‐valued Nevanlinna functions in the boundary condition. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Cross sections for deuteron splitting in reactions with nonspherical nuclei, followed by nuclear rotational-state excitation, was studied. The cross section of the process was evaluated using an analogy with inelastic deuteron scattering. (R.V.J.)


Financial analysis - Servais Stores Inc, Ohio, Indiana and Central State Corporation capital additions - Fystrom Chemical Company, Mosher Pumps Inc, Tenneson Property Investors cost of capital - Mobile Energy Inc, Northern Woods Campers Inc financial policy - O'Malley Steel Inc, Boyesen Industries Inc, Johanek Corporation valuation - Dahlberg's Inc, Potawatomi Paper Company, Cognoscere Corporation, Loeffler Tool Inc working capital management - Flanihan Engineering and Construction Inc, O.L. Kimps Inc, The Ware Company, Woods of New Hampshire Inc.


"What are the main challenges for geochemistry in the future?" was a question asked of Al Hofmann, the recent Urey medalist of the European Association of Geochemistry (Elements, February 2016, p 68). "The ability to analyze most or all atoms in a very small sample by microanalytical methods," was his answer. As an Earth surface geochemist interested in large-scale fl uxes, my spontaneous response was surprise. Isn't the grandest of all challenges rather to use large spatial scale geochemical signals to reveal processes and fl uxes of global signifi cance? Then I contemplated the vast amount of information that has been harvested from the smallest samples. And I began to question whether the "small is beautiful" or "bigger the better" avenues are actually opposing approaches. The editing of my fi rst issue as an Elements principal editor, this cosmic dust volume, contributed enormously to a swing of my opinion.


This thesis is centered around the topic of database engines running on multicores. For the last years, the increasing processor frequencies inherently improved the performance of existing software. As the current trend in processor technology moves towards an increased number of cores in future multicore CPUs, software used in infrastructure systems such as operating systems and databases face a substantial challenge. Further improvement in performance stands in the ability to exploit the new resources available in modern multicore processors. Such software typically evolves slower than the underlying hardware, and with multicore it faces structural limitations that can be solved only with radical architectural changes. Research in operating systems suggests that multicore architectures should be treated as distributed systems rather than trying to hide the parallel nature of the hardware. This thesis proposes to use a similar approach in the case of database engines and take advantage of existing work on cluster-based replication systems. We start with an overview of current challenges introduced by modern multicore processors to software used in infrastructure systems. We discuss how recent research from operating systems and databases, has shown that the main performance deterrents are locking, memory locality, load interaction, and the extensive use of shared data structures. We analyze the limitations of database engines when running on multicores using MySQL and PostgreSQL as examples. Based on the related work and results of our analysis, we notice that the effects from sharing and locking can be reduced by using multiple database replicas. For this reason, we have developed a system, Multimed, used to deploy a cluster-based database replication system on a single multicore machine. We, show how to deploy several replicated engines within a single multicore machine to achieve better scalability and stability than a single database engine operating on all cores. The proposed system can be extended to manage different kind of situations and specializations that lead to increased stability and performance of the system. We


In order to solve the problem of the slow transmission rate of high-frequency information in smart grid and improve the efficiency of information transmission, a research method of high-frequency information transmission in smart grids based on the CNN-LSTM model is proposed. It effectively combines the superiority of the CNN algorithm for high-frequency information feature extraction and the learning ability of the LSTM algorithm for global features of high-frequency information. Meanwhile, the client buffer is divided by the VLAN area division method, which avoids the buffer being too large due to line congestion. The intelligent control module is adopted to change the traditional control concept. In addition, the neural network optimization control module is used for intelligent control, which ensures the feedback speed of the control terminal and avoids the problem of increasing the buffer area caused by the feedback time difference. The experimental results show that via the method in this paper, the total efficiency of single-channel transmission reaches 96% and the transmission rate reaches 46 bit/s; the total efficiency of multiplex transmission is 89% and the transmission rate reaches 75 bit/s. It is verified that the method proposed in this paper has a fast transmission rate and high efficiency.


Drawing primarily on my own work, speculations are offered on a range of possible futures for feminist geography. It is suggested that the most likely trajectory is one of incorporation as feminist...


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the technologies currently used in geological exploration for oil and gas.Design/methodology/approach – After outlining the principles and practice of seismology, the paper describes recent developments in seismic array technology and considers the software used in analysing the data. The non‐contact technique of gravity gradient imaging is described, and some instrumentation used in quality control of seismic equipment is reviewed.Findings – Basic seismic technology was developed in the 1950s, but modern computers extend its power and immediacy. MEMS‐based seismic sensors have the advantage of working at any tilt angle, and wireless connectivity gives access to difficult terrain. Gravity gradient gradiometry is a powerful technique that detects subsurface mass anomalies from an aircraft or ocean survey vessel.Originality/value – The paper introduces seismology, and reviews oil discovery techniques for the general scientific reader.


While healthcare costs are predicted to rise at a slower rate in 2006 than in recent years, employers will still pay an average of more than $8,400 per employee. This amounts to an 8% increase, roughly $600 per employee; employees will pay about $155 of that increase in 2006, a 10% rise from 2005 levels, according to the 17th Annual Towers Perrin Health Care Cost Survey released in September 2005.


: In this study we report new additional record for Nearctic species Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856) (Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) from Black Sea Region of Turkey. Male genitalia were used to identify of the species and knowledge on the recognized distribution of this species in Turkey was given to summarized.


This paper outlines the growing potential of the aging population in Europe with a focus on its impact on the food industry. The importance of mature consumers over the next few decades will radically grow. The impact on companies' volumes will be significant without sophisticated innovations in products and communication. The objective of this paper is to selectively highlight relevant research of the segment of senior consumers and using this to clarify two important areas with significant implications for marketers: (i) the importance of the senior segment for future food marketing and (ii) the specifics of the mature segment in terms of benefits selection for the development of brand positioning strategies. Additionally, different segmentation approaches to the senior market, together with their implications on targeting and communication, are discussed.


Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become one of the most common imaging modalities for brain function analysis. Recently, graph neural networks (GNN) have been adopted for fMRI analysis with superior performance. Unfortunately, traditional functional brain networks are mainly constructed based on similarities among region of interests (ROI), which are noisy and agnostic to the downstream prediction tasks and can lead to inferior results for GNN-based models. To better adapt GNNs for fMRI analysis, we propose TBDS, an end-to-end framework based on Task-aware Brain connectivity DAG (short for Directed Acyclic Graph) Structure generation for fMRI analysis. The key component of TBDS is the brain network generator which adopts a DAG learning approach to transform the raw time-series into task-aware brain connectivities. Besides, we design an additional contrastive regularization to inject task-specific knowledge during the brain network generation process. Comprehensive experiments on two fMRI datasets, namely Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) and Philadelphia Neuroimaging Cohort (PNC) datasets demonstrate the efficacy of TBDS. In addition, the generated brain networks also highlight the prediction-related brain regions and thus provide unique interpretations of the prediction results. Our implementation will be published upon acceptance.


This paper addresses the problem of automatic classification of fish species, by using image analysis techniques and artificial immune systems. Unlike most common methodologies, which are based on manual estimations that lead to significant time and financial constraints, we present an automatic framework based on (i) two well-known robust feature extraction techniques: Scale-Invariant Feature Transform and Principal Component Analysis for parameterizing shape, appearance and motion, (ii) two immunological algorithms: Artificial Immune Network and Adaptive Radius Immune Algorithm for clustering individuals of the same species, and (iii) a simple nearest neighbor classification strategy. The framework was successfully validated with images of fish species that have significant economic impact, achieving overall accuracy as high as 92%.


Liquid phase technologies for high-grade ceramic oxide powders of technical purpose and methods of their modification have been developed. On the basis of physico-chemical research methods various mechanisms of modifying processes have been analyzed. Substitution of the main ions by doping ones occurs in complex oxide powders followed by the formation of solid solutions. A powder which was obtained via TiO2 modification by sulfur has a surface layer in which sulfur forms chemical bonds.


I will present two methods employing nano-scale functionalities to detect and analyse molecular interactions (i) on surfaces and (ii) at the single molecule level. The "switchSENSE" principle is based on an electrically actuated bio-interface. DNA molecules are driven to oscillate (switch their conformation) on microelectrodes through the application of AC potentials. The switching behaviour serves as a universal parameter to infer the molecular state of the bio-interface and permits to detect the binding of target molecules (proteins or nucleic acids) to the layer. In addition to the quantitative analysis of classical interaction parameters like affinity constants or association/dissociation rates, previously inaccessible information about the target molecule size and shape are obtained from the analysis of molecular dynamics. The implications of the switching dynamics measurement for a novel type of on-chip protein analysis will be discussed. Artificially engineered nanopores in solid state membranes constitute versatile means to examine biomolecules by a simple electrical measurement. Single molecules leave a characteristic footprint in the trans-membrane current when passing a single pore of nanometer dimensions. By placing molecular receptors inside the pore we are able to study the interaction time of binding partners one-by-one. As a paradigm for stochastic sensing, we analyse interactions between individual proteins and demonstrate the realization of an antibody-selective nanopore, which is used to discriminate IgGs of different species and different subclasses by single molecule measurements.


The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for long-fiber nonwoven fabric. It is mainly cotton majority of small bundles arranged in bundles, spread by drawing wheel, so as to complete the dilatation equalizing intersecting cross dispensing means, and then sent to the belt dryer or a hot melt introduction needle rolling machine into finished fabric. CROSS means and is provided with two rack vivo activity group, the two groups each consisting of two active punch fixing plate fixed array of four dispensing wheel and dispensing wheel and four respectively, by the two ribbon guide, the connected, two sides of the fixing piece each pulley is also provided, the four pulley support track frame body. Thus, the finished fabric has high flexibility, and longitudinal and transverse directions tension equalizer, the cost is lower.


Edward Snowden's revelations of the extensive global communications surveillance activities of foreign intelligence services have led countries such as Indonesia to take concrete steps to enhance protective information security for classified data and communications. This paper develops the wideband Delphi method to study the Indonesian Government's requirements for cyber-defence in response to reported secret intelligence collection by the Australian Signals Directorate. It provides a clearer understanding of the issues that influence Indonesian policymakers' views on the mitigation of foreign surveillance. We developed and conducted an adaptive wideband Delphi study with senior Indonesian officials, with group discussions and individual sessions to explore how to mitigate the surveillance activities of the Five Eyes (the U.S.-U.K.-Canada-Australia-New Zealand) intelligence alliance. We used the U.S. National Security Agency framework of the three elements of defence in depth (people, operations, and technology), in combination with governance and legal remedies, as an analytical framework. We identified twenty-five mitigation controls to deal with the priority concerns of policymakers, which were divided into a five-defence in depth elements. We discuss the key requirements for protecting against foreign surveillance to be taken into account in state cyber-defence frameworks and suggest effective mitigation controls for safeguarding and protecting states' national interests.


Based on the meteorological data in the city of Hotan,ET0,law and the models of water storage under different soils and at the same cotton root depth were studied.The method of cotton irrigation schedule was formulated in Hetian region using crop cumulative ET0 and root soil water storage model.The effects of irrigation schedule on groundwater table were analyzed.The results could provide the theoretica basis for the establishment of water demand of cotton and the optimization irrigation schedule model in other areas in the future.


Statistical properties of HeNe and CO/sub 2/ laser beams retroreflected through a turbulent atmosphere are investigated experimentally for round paths of 1 km and 12 km. Both heterodyne and direct detection are used.


Mastery of content area reading in science and social studies is demonstrated through writing as well as reading. Integrating writing with reading enhances comprehension because the two are reciprocal processes. Therefore, teachers who implement a variety of writing strategies help students better understand content area texts.

This article offers a repertoire of writing strategies that content area teachers in grades 4 to 8 can put into practice before, during, and after reading to strengthen students' comprehension and extend their critical thinking. Strategies described include learning logs, quick writes, listen-stop-write, microthemes, framed paragraphs, text boxes, biopoems, word maps, and ABC books. In using them, students "write to learn," thinking about and interacting with text in a variety of ways. Writing to learn engages students, extends thinking, deepens understanding, and continues the meaning-making process.

Teacher feedback and evaluation are important in writing to learn. Several examples of rubrics and checklists as techniques for giving feedback are provided.

This article is also the source for a Class Acts podcast. Download "Writing to learn across the curriculum" from

www.reading.orgresourcespodcastsindex.html


Provided are an information terminal device and an image display method which enable improved usability when a presentation is performed.
An information terminal device is connected to at least one or more image display devices, is provided with a display unit for displaying one or more pages of a document, and transmits display data corresponding to a page arbitrarily selected from the document displayed on the display unit to at least one image display device among the image display devices.


In this work, we determined the measure to compare and evaluate the performance of lip detection techniques.Despite of a number of methods used for lip-detecction/localization, a reliable method fo ...


The performance of the Gibbs Classifier over a statistically heterogeneous image can be improved if the locally stationary regions in the image are disassociated from each other through the mechanism of the interaction parameters defined at the local neighborhood level. This usually involves the construction of a line process for the image. In this paper we describe a method for constructing a line process for multisignature images based on the differential (total derivative) of the image which, when expressed statistically, can provide an a priori estimate of the line field.


Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genetic disorder which is divided into eight complementation groups: XP‐A to XP‐G and XP‐V. Some XP patients demonstrate severe cutaneous and neurological manifestations, management of which requires timely diagnosis and intervention. We performed clinical evaluation and genetic analysis on 19 patients, the largest cohort of XP to date in China. Twenty‐three mutations from six groups were identified, 16 of which were novel. All patients developed marked freckle‐like pigmentation on sun‐exposed sites while patients with XP‐A, XP‐D, XP‐F and XP‐G showed acute sunburn reactions. Only XP‐A patients displayed progressive neurological degeneration. A relatively larger proportion of XP‐A and XP‐C were found in Chinese XP patients. One XP case and two carriers were prenatally determined. This study extended the mutation spectrum of XP in China and may aid in the diagnosis and treatment of Chinese XP patients.


The proportion of software in the automotive industry is steadily increasing due to the rapid technological development of automobile E/E parts. Because the automotive E/E technology is now on the basis of intelligent automobile and advanced safety automobile technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational capability (organizational resource capability and management capability), process capability (process capability, customer Requirement management capability), performance dimension (motivation, participation level). In this study, we conducted questionnaires and statistical analysis on engineers (members of the Korea Advanced Automotive Technology Association) who perform research and development activities in the R&D organization of the automotive E/E part in South Korea. ANOVA is applied for the verification of the difference in performance measured by organizational capability, process maturity, and motivation participation level according to company characteristics (level of processing : supply chain configuration, annual sales, total SW development ratio). According to the results of this study, in order to improve the performance of ASPICE or ISO 26262-related consulting project, a different consulting approach strategy considering the characteristics of organization and personnel is needed. In summary, the analysis results for the three main treatment levels are as follows. The difference in organizational capacity, process capability and performance was found to be statistically significant according to supply chain configuration and annual sales, but it was found that the difference of response according to the proportion of total SW was not significant.


tems. Developing the systems and mechanisms that facilitate awareness of and access to information sources have been two of the major concerns of library and information science 1. The barriers to and problems of, access to information sources, especially documents, are well recognized although the available solutions may not be perfect. International inter-governmental organizations such as Unesco and other UN agencies and non-governmental organizations such as IFLA, FID, ICA and ICSU


This study aimed to evaluate the direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) electromagnetic f ield (EMF) intensity and distribution of an electric vehicle (EV). The results revealed that the EV gene rated DC and AC EMFs, which differed depending on the operation (resting, idling, and driving at spe eds of 40 and 80 km/h). A correlation was established between the AC and DC components of the E MF, which was approximately 0.5 when idling and 0.8 at speeds of 40 and 80 km/h. The results obtai ned were below the harmful limit set by regulatory agencies, specifically the International Commissi on on Non‐Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engin eers (IEEE). To further contribute to this field of study, the various measurement equipment used in t he literature are summarized according to their parameters.


Gasification is a technology for convert solid biomass into energy in the
form of gas . The research was conducted to determine the effect of variations in
the mix of pine wood gasifier performance. Gasifier performance is the rate of
decrease in material, the temperature of the stove , the temperature of the reactor ,
the volume of tar, the rest mass gasification and effective flame.
The research was conducted with a mixture of pine wood variation of 0% ,
5% , 10% , 15% and 20%. and the results compared with the variation of a
mixture of 0 % at a load of 10 kg and 20 kg. To determine the effect of treatment
on the performance parameters of statistical analysis used to test the method
factorial completely randomized design and Duncan test.
The results showed that the variation of a mixture of pine wood can
improve performance of gasifier. Based on factorial analysis and Duncan test, a
mixture of 15% pine wood gasifier can improve performance in terms of reactor
temperature, flame effectively, and the volume of tar and a mixture of 20% can
improve the performance in terms of the temperature of the stove because it has
almost the same performance with a load of 10 kg and 20 kg in the mixture 0%.
The addition of a mixture of pine wood not able to improve performance of the
gasifier is optimal in terms of mass combustion and the rate of decrease in
material.
Key words: Gasification, performance, mixture , rise husk, pine wood


Moscow channel is the complex hydrotechnical construction providing water supply and transport communication of Moscow city with river systems by the European part of Russia. Specificity of a hydrological regime of the channel at presence in its system the pump stations, sluices and cascade of water basins, and also its complex use impose the specific impress on functioning of its ecosystem that does not promote processes of autopurification of water. The ecosystem of the channel cannot cope with an increasing anthropogenic load, that, naturally, leads to deterioration of water.


mainly caused by pathogenic variants in over 10 loci, with MYBPC3, MYH7 and TNNT2 account‑ ing for approximately 50% of the HCM families and encoding cardiac myosin ‑binding protein C, β ‑myosin heavy chain, and cardiac troponin T, re‑ spectively. 2 Other inheritable causes of the dis‑ ease include pathogenic variants in genes encod‑ ing proteins involved in calcium handling and for proteins of the Z ‑disk. 3 Most of the pathogenic variants found in HCM genes are missense and ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heart disorder caused by autosomal dominant alterations affecting both sarcomeric genes and other nonsarcomeric loci in a minority of cases. However, in some patients, the occurrence of the causal pathogenic variant or variants in homozygosity, compound heterozygosity, or double heterozygosity has also been described. Most of the HCM pathogenic variants are missense and unique, but truncating mutations of the MYBPC3 gene have been reported as founder pathogenic variants in populations from Finland, France, Japan, Iceland, Italy, and the Netherlands. This study aimed to assess the genetic background of HCM in a cohort of Polish patients. Pathogenic ultra ‑rare (p.Tyr847Ter) mutation standing for a variant hotspot correlating a are inherited with an autosomal dominant pattern and are unique or seen in a limited number of families. in some ethnic groups, founder muta‑ tions have been described. We report the analysis of 404 genes in a cohort of 29 Polish patients affected by HCM. Our results showed that an ultra ‑rare alteration in the MYBPC3 gene, absent in databases from large ‑scale quencing projects, was a mutation hotspot in the present Polish cohort and could represent a novel founder pathogenic variant. Moreover, we found that patient for a novel truncating mutation in


In this paper, we consider the asymptotic behavior of a general time-dependent cooperative system. Sufficient condition is obtained for the existence of a globally attractive positive periodic solution when the system is periodic.


Introduction:Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), one of the most common articular diseases, sometimes leads to severe disability. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of knee-buckling in patients with KOA during the past three months and to investigate its relation with the physical function.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed on 190 patients with KOA. Two checklists and WOMAC questionnaire were completed by the participants. The patients' function was evaluated by timed up and go (TUG) and six-minute walk tests (6MWT). Comparison between the two groups of patients with and without buckling was done using independent t-test and the correlations were analyzed between the variables using K square and Pearson correlation tests.
Results:Eighty three patients (43.68%) had a history of buckling in the past 3 months. Knee-buckling frequency was 40.87% and 48% in women and men, respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between pain (p = 0.007), TUG (p =0.0001), 6MWT (p = 0.0001), WOMAC pain (p= 0.005), WOMAC stiffness (p = 0.006) and total WOMAC scores (p=0.03) concerning the two groups with and without buckling. There was a significant correlation between buckling with gender (ρ= 0.72, p=0.025), KOA history (p=0.67, p= 0.033) and the rate of fall (ρ=0.87, p=0 .012). Moreover, there were reverse significant correlations between the history of buckling with WOMAC score (r= - 0.51, p=0.02) and the functional tests results including TUG (r= - 0.57, p=0.0001) and 6MWT (r= - 0.67, p=0.0001).
Conclusion:The results indicated a prevalence of 43.68% buckling among the patients which was associated with their functional impairment.


IT is not very often that a court within the Commonwealth is faced with the problem of nationality. Nationality plays hardly any role in the conflict of laws rules of the common law system and there are few disabilities to which an alien, as such, is subject in peacetime. It is therefore not surprising that questions of nationality mainly arise during war and its aftermath, a period when the requirements of public policy often distort the law. As a consequence authorities are few and far between, and such as there are are frequently contradictory. This has led at times to highly misleading generalisations. It has been alleged, for instance, that the possession of a dual nationality is not countenanced by English law, and that expatriation is impossible in time of war. In other words, that, whatever the law of the nationality in question may hold, the forum can impose its own conditions before it will recognise the nationality alleged or the expatriation claimed to have been effected. If those conditions are not met, then the courts of the forum will deny the existence of such nationality or the effectiveness of such an expatriation for all and any purposes. It is the purpose of this article to analyse both the development of the modern concept of nationality and the decisions and dicta on which those generalisations rely, to see how far they have any substance and to determine what control, if any, the law of the forum has over the acquisition or loss of a foreign nationality.


The purpose of this paper is to assess the service delivery challenges facing local municipalities with specific reference to persisting public service delivery protests in South Africa. The advent of a democratic state provided the poor with hope for better life previously denied by the apartheid government for more than four centuries. Their expectations for the new dispensation was the improved socio-economic conditions at local level such as the elimination of poverty, provision of housing, job creation, better health services, better education and general improvement in the quality of their lives. Whilst the efforts by local municipalities to address the concerns of communities in the country, poor socio-economic conditions at local level remains palpable. Two decades after the collapse of apartheid governance system and the advent of a new democratic dispensation, South Africa has observed unprecedented service delivery protests and demonstrations in most local municipalities around the country. The public service delivery in the democratic South Africa particularly at local government level has since been characterised by these costly mass demonstrations and confrontations from poor local communities who express their dissatisfaction and frustrations with the lack of the provision of basic services such as adequate water, proper housing, electricity, education, sanitation, health and employment by their municipality. However, local communities seems not only express their frustrations and dissatisfaction about the provision of services, but also about the failure of local municipalities to engage and integrate communities in the governance and affairs of the municipality. Against this background, the paper argues that the majority of poor people remain sceptical about the capacity of local municipalities to deliver services therefore resorting to mass protests and demonstrations. Thus, this has since put the local municipalities in the country under immense pressure to deliver services in response to the concerns of poor communities. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n25p231


Hypoglycemia is the limiting factor, both conceptually and in practice, in the management of diabetes mellitus. While the long‐term goal of diabetes research must remain the cure and the prevention of the disease and reasonable near‐term goals might include perfect insulin replacement or prevention of complications despite ongoing hyperglycemia, the most pressing short‐term goal for people with diabetes would seem to be insight leading to strategies that effectively minimize the risk of hypoglycemia and thus permit low‐risk glycemic control. Having reviewed the field in detail recently, the author offers his personal views of the key questions – concerning the physiology of glucose counterregulation, its pathophysiology in diabetes, and hypoglycemia in diabetes – that, if answered, might lead to a reduced risk of iatrogenic hypoglycemia in people with diabetes. The overriding question is: How can we learn to replace insulin more perfectly, prevent, correct or compensate for compromised glucose counterregulation, or both? Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The authors conducted a study to determine the correct management of perioperative fluid in patients undergoing elective intra-abdominal surgery. They evaluated intraoperative fluid regimens on postoperative outcomes in 152 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I-III. Patients were randomized into two groups with a protocol for "liberal" use of amounts of lactated Ringer's solution (bolus of 10 mL/kg followed by 12 mL/kg per hour) in 75 patients or "restrictive" (no bolus, 4 mL/kg per hour) use in 77. The patients in the restricted group had lower rates of complications (passed flatus and feces significantly sooner) and had shorter hospital stay. The liberal group had larger increases in body weight. The authors concluded that there may be an advantage in the use of restrictive fluid management in patients having elective intra-abdominal procedures because it shorter hospital stay and reduces postoperative morbidity.


The coupling relationship between surface electromyography (sEMG) signals and muscle forces or joint moments is the basis for sEMG applications in medicine, rehabilitation, and sports. The solution of muscle forces is the key issue. sEMG and Muscle-Tendon Junction (MTJ) displacements of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), and extensor digitorum (ED) were measured during five sets of finger flexion movements. Meanwhile, the muscle forces of FDS, FDP, and ED were calculated by the Finite Element Digital Human Hand Model (FE-DHHM) driven by MTJ displacements. The results showed that, in the initial position of the flexion without resistance, the high-intensity contraction of the ED kept the palm straight and the FDS was involved. The sEMG-force relationship of FDS was linear during the flexion with resistance, while FDP showed a larger sEMG amplitude than FDS, with no obvious linearity with its muscle forces. sEMG-MTJ displacement relationships for FDS and FDP were consistent with the trend of their own sEMG-force relationships. sEMG of ED decreased and then increased during the flexion with resistance, with no obvious linear relationship with muscle forces. The analysis of the proportion of muscle force and integrated EMG (iEMG) reflected the different activation patterns of FDS and ED.


these chapters provide conceptual frameworks for clinicians and researchers. The second part of the book focuses on geriatric neuropsychological intervention, including the process of evaluation, case conceptualization, and treatment planning. Section A outlines specific cognitive training interventions and compensatory techniques. This section of the book offers case examples addressing behaviors using multimethod approaches. Section B presents psychotherapeutic interventions targeting emotional distress or behavioral problems. The authors of this book believe current practitioners underestimate their ability to provide skilled therapeutic and intervention techniques. ''A neuropsychologist is not simply a diagnostician. . .the neuropsychologist is also a therapist ideally trained to provide effective neurocognitive interventions to enhance individual patient outcomes through increased coping capacities in relation to losses'' (p. 238). Geriatric Neuropsychology: Assessment and Intervention is valuable for the medical community as well as for advanced graduate students. According to the authors, this book is the first of its kind to address the entire process of neuropsychological assessment and intervention for older adults. This comprehensive book explores research and theory on the many diagnostic and therapeutic issues that confront clinical neuropsychologists while acknowledging areas for potential growth and experimentation.


method to measure the inhibitory activity of some chemicals on photosynthetic or respiratory systems using spinach leaf slices and an oxygen electrode.


Correlations between the concentrations of arsenic in scalp hair and in drinking water as well as in blood and/or urine have been reported. These correlations clearly show exposure–absorption–excretion relationships. In addition, arsenic metabolites such as monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid have been identified and quantified in these tissues and fluids, leaving little doubt that elevated levels of arsenic in the hair can reflect systemic arsenic intoxication. Consequently, hair analysis has potential merit as a screening procedure for poisoning by arsenic. However, questions regarding the exogenous versus the endogenous deposition of arsenic in the hair, and uncertainties about the normal level of arsenic in the hair remain unresolved. Pending their resolution, the determination of arsenic in hair should remain a screening tool, and clinical signs and symptoms should be employed to complete the diagnosis of arsenic poisoning.


Abstract A house mouse population, homozygous for 8 pairs of Robertsonian metacentrics (2n = 24) has been discovered in the Po Valley area between the Ticino and the Adda. In the lower reaches of Ticino and along the Po specimens can be found which display hybrid chromosome sets between the Robertsonianly transformed karyotype and the Standard Mouse karyotype. East of the Adda river a house mouse population has been discovered with the 22-chromosome karyotype previously described for the Orobian and Valtellina populations. The relations of this new Robertsonian population with the other members of the Rhaetian system (Orobian, Poschiavo, Mesolecina and Engadine) are discussed.


Sponge is one of the marine biota that known have a high bioactivity potential and contain secondarymetabolites that can be used as antibiotic and medicinal materials. The aim of this research was tobioactivity assay of hexa-tetra contane compound contained in Callyspongia pseudoreticulata.Antibacterial tested has been carried out for Ralstonia solanacearum in potato plant. The resultsshowed that 400 mg/ml of compound has the best inhibitory diameter of "Penyakit Layu" bacterial(Ralstonia solanacearum) was 21.33 mm and significantly different to other concentration.


Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare anomaly with a reported incidence of 1 in 16,000 populations. It may be associated with herniation of stomach, intestinal loops, spleen, and kidney through a chest wall defect. We report a case of a 1 year old male child who presented with recurrent fever, occasional chills and rigor of 4 months duration. Left kidney was non visualised on ultrasound examination. Patient was referred for a 99mTc DTPA (Diethylenetriamine  penta-acetic acid) renogram to look for the presence of an ectopic left kidney. An intrathoracic left kidney was identified that was normally functioning and PUJ (pelviureteric junction) non obstructed. A routine chest X-ray was performed to look for respiratory tract infection that showed bowel loops in left posterior thorax, raising a suspicion for CDH. The patient underwent thoracoscopic repair of CDH and the hernial contents were found to be left kidney, intestinal loops and spleen. Intrathoracic kidney is relatively rare and constitutes 5% of all ectopic kidneys and is invariably PUJ non obstructed.


The origin and type of the soft soil in coastal beach reclamation area is discussed firstly in this study,based on some practical experience.Furthermore,the reinforcing mechanism and theory of the foundation cement mixing piles are summarized in coastal beach reclamation area.Lastly,suggestions are set forth to revise and improve the existing construction regulations in the paper.


In square contingency tables the agreement between row and column classification is often of primary interest. Using a decomposition of the total association into a symmetrical component describing relative agreement and an asymmetrical part, and then providing separate models for each part yields a variety of models for the expected table. Simple and easily interpretable models are introduced for classifications on nominal and ordinal scales which only restrict the symmetrical association, thus leaving the asymmetrical part and the margins completely arbitrary. Furthermore corresponding models for the asymmetric part of the association are discussed, and it is shown, that for nominal scales only two extreme models with zero or saturated asymmetry are suitable. All models considered here are log-linear models which are applicable under the usual sampling schemes (Poisson or multinomial) and can be fitted using standard software. The models are extended to a set of square tables arising from stratification according to additional observed covariables. The methods are applied to an original data set on the classification of uterine cancer and social mobility tables from the literature.


The article considers the position of certain developing countries which have accumulated major arrears to the international financial institutions (IFI) but which have also indicated their willingness to undertake programmes of stabilisation and structural adjustment. The first part of the article deals with the problem of how such chronic debtors may be brought back into the fold so as to qualify for renewed IFI financing. The second part of the article identifies four policy instruments likely to form part of any negotiated adjustment programme, and considers certain issues which may arise in determining how those instruments may best be designed and applied.


As, in light of the recent financial crises, stress tests have become an integral part of risk management and banking supervision, the analysis and understanding of risk model behaviour under stress has become ever more important. In this paper, we present a general approach to implementing stress scenarios in a multi-factor credit portfolio model and analyse asset correlations, default probabilities and default correlations under stress. We use our results to study the implications for credit reserves and capital requirements and illustrate the proposed methodology by stressing a large investment banking portfolio. Although our stress testing approach is developed in a particular credit portfolio model, the main concept - stressing risk factors through a truncation of their distributions - is independent of the model specification and can be applied to other risk types as well.


Abstract Nanocrystalline (n) γ Fe2O3 and n TiO2 (anatase) prepared by gel combustion technique and n TiO2 (rutile) prepared by sol-gel technique were subjected to high pressures and high temperatures in a toroid anvil aparatus. A new polymorph of Fe2O3 belonging to hexagonal system, with a= 10.752Å and c= 17.806Å, was found in the material quenched from 5.2 GPa and 900°C. n TiO2 (anatase) sintered at 5.2 GPa pressure and 700°C temperature transformed to rutile structure, as expected. However, n TiO2 (rutile) did not show any phase changes. At 27°C, n 7 Fe2O3 and n TiO2 (anatase) showed transition to an apparently amorphous state above 8 GPa.


From the hint of the chaotic system and immune system, a chaotic search-based adaptive immune genetic algorithm (CSAIGA) is presented to improve the genetic algorithm (GA). Taking advantage of the characteristics of chaotic system, the CSAIGA produces the initial population by chaotic iteration, and performs the chaotic local search in the antibody neighborhood of memory population to improve the local search ability and computation efficiency. Learning from the basic principles of the immune system, the CSAIGA employs the selection mechanism based on the affinity and concentration of antibody, and introduces the chaotic replacement operation to maintain the diversity of population and avoid the premature convergence. In addition, the CSAIGA adjusts the mutation probabilities adaptively in response to the affinities of antibodies, so as to improve the global convergence further. The experimental results show that the algorithm can stably converge to the global optimum with lower calculation cost. It is a fast and efficient global optimization algorithm.


AbstractWhen low-alloy steels are reheated to high temperatures for forging, a deterioration in the ambient-temperature mechanical properties after a full heat treatment may be observed. This is linked with the appearance of intergranular facets on the fracture surface. The phenomenon has been described as overheating, and an extensive literature has developed describing experimental studies of the mechanical-property and microstructural changes induced in low-alloy Ni-Cr-Mo steels. This literature is reviewed, emphasis being placed upon the property changes, methods of detecting overheating, and the theories that have been advanced to account for the observed effects. The important role played by non-metallic inclusions, particularly sulphides, is described. The methods of preventing overheating through control of steel composition, particularly in relation to sulphur and manganese, are described. Finally, an assessment is made of the methods that have been recommended for the reclamation of steels which...


ABSTRACT U.S. President George W. Bush has had a stormy relationship with Europe. Bush campaigned on a theme of putting America's interests first and eschewing multilateralism when necessary. Since taking office, Bush has been true to his campaign pledges. Bush's style and substance have caused many in Europe to regard him as a "buffoon" at best and a dangerous cowboy at worst. What the Europeans do not seem to understand is that, for better or worse, George W. Bush's view of the world is held by a substantial portion of the American people, and even when the U.S. had a more Euro-friendly leader in President Bill Clinton, America's policies were often at odds with those preferred by its allies in Europe. This is due to a fundamental difference that has developed between Europe and the United States over the last century. Today, no matter who occupies the White House, American foreign policy is likely to be in conflict with Europe's. Far from being a liability, this difference is likely to be a political asset to George W. Bush in the 2004 presidential election.


This research presents a blended system implemented by the Vietnam National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting to enhance the nowcasting and forecasting services of quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) of tropical cyclone (TC) landfalls on Vietnam's coast. Firstly, the extrapolations of rain/convective systems from multiple radars in Vietnam in ranges up to 6 h were carried out using Short-Range Warning of Intense Rainstorms in Localized Systems (SWIRLS) developed by the Hong Kong Observatory. Secondly, the forecast from the numerical weather prediction (NWP) system, based on the WRF-ARW model running at 3 km horizontal resolution, was blended with radar-based quantitative precipitation estimates and nowcasts of SWIRLS. The analysis showed that the application of the nowcast system to TC-related cloud forms is complicated, which is related to the TC's evolution and the different types and multiple layers of storm clouds that can affect the accuracy of the derived motion fields in nowcast systems. With hourly accumulated rainfall observation, skill score validation conducted for several TCs that landed in the center of Vietnam demonstrated that the blending of nowcasting and NWP improve the quality of the QPFs of TCs in forecast ranges up to 3 h compared to the pure NWP forecasts.


This study aims to apply and determine the usability level of SIMTEKNIK applications using 5 aspects of Jakob Nielsen's usability and analyze the relationship between Nielsen's theory variables on usability in the SIMTEKNIK application of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. This research uses a quantitative approach to the type of correlation research. The population and sample in this study were informatics students at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang with a total of 143 students. The sampling technique used simple random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using online and offline questionnaires. Validity test per item questionnaire was calculated using the product moment formula and reliability testing using Croanbach alpha. Hypothesis testing uses the classic assumption test and multiple linear regression.
The results showed that SIMTEKNIK has a usability value that is "Eligible" because the value of the test shows 72.108%. In addition, there is a significant relationship of all variables X to Y which is carried out simultaneously. While the partial test shows that there are only 3 variables that have a significant effect on usability, namely learnability, efficiency and errors, while the variable memorability and satisfaction has no significant effect.


In this paper the energy optimal control of harmonic oscillator is found. The solution is compared to the solution of the time optimal nulling of harmonic oscillator's energy. The results of the modeling of the oscillator's phase coordinates and full energy for given control time are shown.


OBJECTIVE To discuss the adverse effect and mechanism of chlorogenic acid in three clearing heat and detoxication traditional Chinese medicine injections.METHODS Adverse effect and mechanism of chlorogenic acid were reviewed by collecting and summarizing the related reports in China and abroad.RESULTS All the three kinds of Chinese medicine injections contain chlorogenic acid,but there are different points of view on whether chlorogenic acid is the original sensitizer and whether it causes allergic reaction or anaphylactoid reactiona.CONCLUSION It is important to evaluate adverse effect of chlorogenic acid in traditional Chinese medicine injections and distinguish the allergic reaction and anaphylactoid reaction.


Determination of bearing capacity requires knowledge of the ground strength parameters. The best way to appreciate soil properties is the use of the direct research methods. In the case of less responsible buildings, projected on the simple ground structure, it often seems reasonable to adopt conservative soil parameters without performing a complex analysis. The base for determination the values of the geotechnical parameters is the estimation based on the correlation between the mechanical and geotechnical parameters of soil. It is important not only for the new building design, but also to facilitate the verification of the substrate quality during the execution of the work. This paper presents the relationship between granulation (clay fraction content) and soil consistency parameters (plastic limit, liquid limit, plasticity index and liquidity index). The analyzed values are determined as a result of alluvial ground studies. These soils were consequent upon the accumulation of river. The founded relationships were described by linear equations and were compared with the results presented in the geotechnical literature. These comparisons often show a significant effect of regional ground forming conditions on the parameters of consistency.


This publication is written in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the "Case of Professors" of St. Petersburg University, which heralds the important stage in the formation of conservative policy of the Russian government in the sphere of science and education. The object of this research is the impact of the events of 1821 upon the development of government science in Russia – the early direction of statistical science. The author analyzes the prerequisites for the emergence of political-economic direction of government science in Russia, draws parallel with the traditional German school, outlines the key peculiarities – attempt to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the phenomena under review, establish causal relationships between them, appose government science with political economics. In the course of the "Case of Professors", two of the most prominent representatives of this scientific direction – C. T. Hermann and K .I. Arsenyev were exposed to harsh criticism by the officials of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education. Leaning on the published and archival sources, the article explores the arguments of M. L. Magnitsky, I. S. Laval, A. N. Golitsyn on the topic of teaching statistics at the university. The conclusion is made that the major complaint of the officials to the teaching techniques and scientific works of Hermann and Arsenyev was their extensive interpretation of the subject of statistical science. The opponents of the scholars sought to bring the government science back to the traditional for the XVIII century descriptive school, as well as limit it solely to the empirical methods. It is indicated that the prohibition against using the works of Hermann and Arsenyev in the educational institutions entail significant consequences and halted the development of political-economic direction of government science for over two decades. The university statistical education returned to this tradition only after 1835, with the adoption of the new university charter.


We present a propagation model for the dynamics of antiguided flared amplifiers. This model takes into account diffraction, carrier diffusion, spatial hole burning, carrier‐induced antiguiding, and spontaneous emission. Numerical results demonstrate that flared antiguides are significantly less susceptible to noise induced filamentation than broad area devices.


Research objective: The combination of medical treatment and endowment is an important measure put forward by the state in the development of the endowment industry, which has a positive role in promoting the introduction of medical institutions into the elderly care institutions and the addition of elderly care beds in the medical institutions. As the development of the industry needs the support of talents, the employment demand of the medical and nursing institutions in practice has increased significantly, especially for those who have both the major background of "health care" and "elderly care". Research methods: The problems between the talent training model and employment posts of each college were studied through the investigation of 9 colleges and universities in Zhejiang province which have opened "health care" and "elderly care" related majors. Conclusion: It is necessary to cultivate talents with integrated health care and elderly care knowledge. According to the research, the suggestions on how to construct the integrated health care and elderly care talent training system are put forward, and a new mode of training of talent with integrated health care and elderly care knowledge is explored, so as to cultivate comprehensive and compound talents for the medical and nursing institutions, elderly care institutions and medical institutions, and to promote the healthy development of the industry.


The relation between type A behavior pattern and psoriasis and the influence of behavior pattern on the disease are reported.The study was performed on 50 cases of psoriasis and compared with normal controls.The reaults showed the patients with type A behavior pattern are 11.5 times more than those of type B.It is one of the important factors of psorisais.The authors also discussed the behavior pattern and the change of it in patients with psoriasis.

Key words:
Psoriasis


In order to address the ever increasing high capacity demands, next generation wireless networks are required to revolutionize the infrastructure design and air interface technologies. In this paper, we introduce a cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique with successive interference cancellation (SIC) in wireless heterogeneous networks. Aiming to improve the system capacity, the cooperative NOMA scheme exploits both NOMA and dirty paper coding (DPC), based on which a resource scheduling optimization problem is formulated. The optimization problem is a combinatorial mixed-integer non-linear problem. A genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem with a low computational complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed cooperative NOMA scheme can significantly improve the network capacity.


This article is devoted to creation of the reference and bibliographical collection "Truism of Omsk region on a boundary of centuries" as the information resource of a special kind, which helps to unite professional efforts of scientists, practical workers and teachers of the higher education institutions in a sphere of study of tourist resources of the region. Furthermore the author presents a brief analysis of labor resources of the regional professional tourist community.