The article deals with implementation of a scalable parallel algorithm for structure learning of Bayesian network. Comparative analysis of sequential and parallel algorithms is done.


Mojokerto City Infaq Development Institute (LPI) is a non-profit organization that manages zakat, infaq, and sadaqah funds. During competition between similar institutions, they compete to be more active and creative in designing donor- attraction  strategies.  Because  it  focuses  on  marketing  activities,  delivering products to donors, fostering trust, and maintaining good relations of donors, the marketing corporate communications strategy is important choice for donors' best interest. This is a qualitative design with a qualitative approach. According to the discussion on the subject, the application of marketing public relations strategy at LPI Mojokerto City also include promotion, advertising, creating an innovation, event, and sponsorship; public relations marketing strategy plays an important role in maintaining and maintaining donor loyalty, as evidenced by data on the increase in the number of regular donors every year.


To evaluate the effects of GT and purified GTE treatment in hypertension, male Wistar rats were treated orally for 2 weeks with L‐Name, 20 mg/Kg/day). By the end of the first week of treatment, the animals were divided in: L‐Name treated; L‐Name + GT (9,6g/L) and L‐Name + GTE (20 mg/Kg/day). The same treatment was performed in control normotensive animals. By the end of treatment period blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were directly measured. Baroreflex sensitivity was evaluated by changes in BP elicited by IV infusion of phenylephrine or sodium nitroprusside and reflex HR responses. Water/tea ingestion and urinary volume were also evaluated for 24h. L‐Name treated rats (188±11 mmHg) had a significant increase in BP compared to control group (103±5 mmHg) and treatment with GT (123±6 mmHg) or GTE (132±2 mmHg) promoted a significant reduction in this parameter. It was also observed an improvement in baroreflex sensitivity in treated rats. There was no statistically difference among groups in urinary or intake volume. Treatment with GT and GTE presented an important antihypertensive effect associated with improvement in baroreflex control, and independently of a diuretic effect.


Chemical warehousing ERP system development is based on familiar chemical warehousing transit, storage, trade, business change, is effective tool to strengthen enterprise management and improve the work efficiency. This system is in Visual Studio2008 development environment, using c # programming language, ASP.NET, ADO.NET and Oracle database to jointly develop a B/S structure of ERP system. Index Terms - ASP.NET, ERP system, Oracle database, ADO.NET, B/S architecture


In the environment of Java3D for Windows(OpenGL version)SDK,JDK(include Runtime),the paper constructs 3D world through Java3D and demonstrates 3D image on Web page.


In discussions about nonhuman animal protection in China in recent years, one consistent theme is many people in China believe that animal welfare and the legal protection of animals are ahead of their time, and that animal welfare is a Western concept and practice, incompatible with Chinese culture. I argue that animal welfare is compatible with Chinese culture as seen through elements in Chinese traditional philosophy, imperial laws, and some idiomatic expressions in the Chinese language that are sympathetic toward animals. It is acknowledged that the realities in Chinese society have been very harsh as far as animals are concerned and much needs to be done in Chinese society to live up to some of the ideals espoused in Chinese culture and tradition. The grassroots animal protection efforts in China for the past ten years or so have been contributing positively and gaining traction in the right direction.


Innovation in the services sector has not received much attention in Malaysia though, as the dominant sector, its potential role in the innovation-driven economy as envisioned by the New Economic Model is immense. This paper draws from data sourced from a national-level innovation survey of service establishments to investigate firm-level drivers of innovation. Though both the definition of innovation and the variables likely to drive it were proscribed by the survey data, the findings are of interest, even if not comprehensive.Nearly half of the 303 firms (drawn from five major service subsectors) in the sample were innovating with the majority reporting improvements in quality or cost in both service products and processes. Developments of major new service lines and the filing of patents and copyrights were less common. Innovators were more likely to be firms that collaborated in R&D with other firms or agencies, firm that accessed technology from parent companies and those that were in a supplier -relationship with MNCs. Communications firms were the least innovative while there were no significant differences in innovative behaviour among firms in the other four subsectors. Important policy implications are discussed based on these findings.


Inseparable Humanity. An Anthology of Reflections of Shridath Ramphal, introduced and edited by Ron Sanders, foreword by Alister Mclntyre, Hansib Publishing, London, 1988, pages 423, £14.95.


ABSTRACT Integrated land use/transportation forecasting models add significant policy and infrastructure alternatives analysis capabilities to the urban planning process. The financial, time, and staff requirements to develop these models has put them beyond the reach of most small to medium sized urban areas. This paper presents the land use allocation submodel of the Simple, Efficient, Elegant, and Effective model of land use and transportation (SE3M), an integrated land use and transportation forecasting model founded upon Economic Base Theory and Bid-rent Theory. The Bid-rent Land Use Model (BLUM) is an agent based, spatial competition model utilizing unique utility curves for willingness to pay and incomes for budget constrained abilities to pay for each agent. The model structure, estimation, calibration, implementation, and validation are presented. With a single year of land use data available, the validation approach used the Kappa Index of Agreement to spatially check model outputs against base year control data while controlling for agreement by chance. The U.S. territory of Guam is used as the case study/proof of concept implementation for this model framework. Once calibrated, BLUM could solve the spatial competition problem on Guam in less than two minutes of processing time with over 90% accuracy.


This investigative study analyses a Course of continuous training for Senior High School teachers, which tackled the youth empowerment and the school. It aimed to permit the reflection about relations established among school, teachers and young people, making possible another look and another comprehension about the ways of production of the contemporary young cultures, the social representations about the young people and their implication in the school culture. It started from an affirmative prospect which intended to give visibility to the diversity/plurality of the youth expressions, in different contexts and experiences, and to permit new relations between generations in the school space. The research methodological strategy was the proposal of a space of continuous training for a group of about 20 teachers that work in different public and private schools in Porto Alegre and suburbs in RS. Two thirds of the teachers work in public schools and the rest works in private schools, beyond 6 educators who coordinate social projects among young people. The universe of the research was not constituted by a random choice, because it tried to include the plurality of youth and the teaching experiences of the schools, which are peculiar in each social context. For the study and investigation with teacher during the continuous training, the proposed themes were about Contemporary Cultures of young people and School, divides in two topics: School Culture and Youth Concept. Related to these topics, authors like, Jose Gimeno Sacristan, Antonio Novoa, Miguel Arroyo, Maurice Tardif and Alberto Melucci, Paulo Cesar Carrano, Marilia Sposito, Jorge Baeza Correa, Jose Machado Pais and Jorge Atilio Iulianelli, constitute, respectively, the main theoretical references of this study. The theme Contemporary Cultures of Young People, proposed as a guideline in the investigative study, made possible to the teachers comprehend how the representations of the school culture and youth cultures, formed along the years, influence school activity and, in this way, the necessity of reconsidering the young people participation in the school space.


Four standard glassy polymers are subjected to a classical single pass friction test by a spherical glass indenter. The plastic deformation of the polymers surfaces resulting from a single sliding pass was examined by scanning probe microscopy using intermittent contact mode. Debris were present on the surface of polymers with a low entanglement density following a single sliding pass. No debris were present on the surface of polymers with a high entanglement density following a single sliding pass. A relationship between entanglement density and debris production was confirmed by studying different crosslink densities of polystyrene. Localised plastic deformation occurring at the exposed surface region was proposed to explain the formation of debris. The friction of different crosslink densities of polystyrene was shown to be indifferent when measured by a glass indenter and by a silicon nitride scanning probe microscope tip. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was employed to detect molecular orientation in thin polymer films resulting from friction processes.


This is a draft for a chapter of the book version of my Ph.D thesis. The chapter addresses the following question: Are the creative processes of musical composers and academic economists essentially the same, or are there significant differences? The paper finds that there are deep similarities between the creative processes of theoretical economists and the creative processes of artists. The chapter builds a process oriented lifecycle account of creative activity, drawing on testimonial material from the arts and the sciences, and relates the model to the creative work of economists developing economic theory.


Following administration of i.v. doses of fl,S-1 -(tetrahydro-2furanyl)-5-fluorouracil in cancer patients, discrepant results have been obtained by several investigators when assaying for 5-fluorouracil (FUra) plasma concentrations, ranging from 0.1 to 5 fig/ml at peak concentrations. The newly isolated fl,S-1(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil metabolites with altered tetrahydrofuran moiety convert to FUra in vitro and may con tribute to the high FUra plasma concentrations reported previ ously. We have observed FUra plasma concentrations consid erably below those resulting from therapeutic slow FUra infu sions (generally <0.1 jug/ml). Exceedingly low FUra concen trations after therapeutic doses of the prodrug R,S-1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil suggest that metabolically gener ated FUra is further metabolized before redistribution to the systemic circulation.


Scalp is a common location of autoimmune bullous diseases. Trichoscopy is a noninvasive method for diagnosing hair and scalp diseases. Data on trichoscopy in autoimmune bullous diseases are limited to the studies on pemphigus including a small number of patients. Trichoscopic characteristics of bullous pemphigoid and dermatitis herpetiformis were not reported to date. The aim of the study was to determine the value of trichoscopy in the differential diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, bullous pemphigoid, and dermatitis herpetiformis.


LERMPS laboratory has been implementing a Quality Management System (QMS) for one year now. Only few Research organisms in the world have begun such process, which has up to now mostly been applied to industrial companies. Hence, the path leading to Quality excellence will be long, but LERMPS is on the way for at least certification, and some interesting results have already been achieved. This QMS implementation is mainly focused for the moment on characterisation team, which are the main support of Thermal Spray and PVD coatings activities in LERMPS. Nevertheless it slightly expands its application area to the whole activity of the laboratory, including administrative support processes. Abstract only; no full-text paper available.


My paper focuses on the use of images of Catholic devotional objects (rosarybeads, Sacred Heart painting) to communicate the identity of the working-class Irish emigrant in the photographic novel I Could Read the Sky (O'Grady & Pyke, 1997). I will focus on how the novel attempts to communicate a collective "cultural memory" of Irish emigrant identity to second or third generation Irish readers of the novel, as well as nuancing stereotypical images of Irish identity already contained in the "cultural imaginaries" of a wider readership. Accordingly, my paper will tease out some of the distinguishing characteristics of the concepts of "cultural memory" and "cultural imaginary" in order to highlight elements of continuity and discontinuity.


This study asks two questions: (1) What is the net value to the representative individual over his life-time of activities that alter age-specific mortality risks? (2) What is the cost to the representative individual of activities that take a life at random at a given age?

Results, derived from an economic-demographic model with full age-specific accounting have a strong actuarial flavor: alterations in the mortality schedule, caused say by a medical breakthrough, should be assessed on the utility of expected additional life-years, production, and reproduction, less expected social costs of support. Loss of life at a specific age, due to an accident say, should be assessed on the opportunity costs of expected lost years of living, lost production and reproduction, less expected social support costs.

The results show that current methods, in general, leave out an important social transfer term, that "value of a life lost" is highly age-dependent, and that the degree of diminishing returns to consumption is crucial in calculations of the economic cost of risks.


Since 2008, the Royal National Theatre has been beaming several plays per year into cinemas across the United Kingdom in the form of livecasts. These live transmissions have created a form of access to the National Theatre previously unavailable to those outside London, and have been well enough received by audiences to have become a fixture of cinema programming across this country and others. Taking NT Live (the National Theatre's digital wing responsible for livecasting) as its focus, this dissertation aims to fill the current gap in academic writing dealing with livecasts. How is livecasting related to past attempts to record or transmit theatre, and how have those predecessors' aesthetics been drawn upon by NT Live? The relationship between historical precedents (such as live television dramas, pre-recorded theatre and Electronovision) and livecasting are examined from aesthetic and historical perspectives. The specific set of aesthetics visible in livecasting are analyzed through textual analyses of several NT Live productions, and the impact of film language on the plays transmitted is examined as a key aspect of the hybridized medium of livecasting. The "liveness" of livecasting is also examined with reference to existing theoretical frameworks within film and television and theatre studies, and livecasting's offer of co-presence in time, but not space, is discussed. How are livecast audiences expected or encouraged to feel a part of the theatre experience, if at all? The experience of attending a livecast as opposed to a film or play is examined, and the degree to which livecasts make theatre available to wider audiences is discussed as a key element of this new technology, particularly with reference to the National Theatre, whose remit and very name suggest that its plays should be available to the widest audience possible. This dissertation provides a discussion of some of the most fundamental aspects of livecasting, a subject bound to receive further academic treatment as this new transmedia option becomes more firmly entrenched in our cultural landscape.


Epithermal Au and Ag deposits form at <1 km depth and <300° C, mostly within the central, up-flowing parts of hightemperature hydrothermal systems that develop mainly at convergent plate margins in association with arc magmatism, as well as in intra-arc, back-arc and post-collisional rift settings. Numerous schemes for classification of epithermal deposits have been proposed based on minerals and textures observable in hand specimen, and in a few cases, distinctive igneous rock affiliations. Several classification schemes that reflect acid-base and reduction-oxidation fluid-mineral equilibria distinguished acid-pH-type deposits (acid-sulphate or alunite-kaolinite) from near-neutral pH type deposits (adularia-sericite). Epithermal deposits also can be distinguished by their ore mineral assemblages in terms of their high (HS), intermediate (IS), or low (LS) sulphidation state with HS deposits corresponding to acid-sulphate deposits and IS and LS deposits corresponding to adularia-sericite deposits. In the northwestern United States, Cenozoic epithermal AuAg deposits are widespread but unevenly distributed in time and space. They are most abundant in the northern Great Basin and sparse in the Western Cascades, northern Rocky Mountains, and Columbia Plateau. In the northern Great Basin, most deposits are Miocene and younger and are spatially related to two igneous suites: (1) bimodal basalt-rhyolite and (2) western andesite. In contrast, few epithermal deposits in this region are exposed in the more voluminous Eocene to early Miocene igneous rocks of the interior andesite-rhyolite assemblage; the largest deposit is the Round Mountain LS deposit. The bimodal suite is a reduced, high-K tholeiitic series, mostly of basalt, andesite, and rhyolite, formed during continental extension. In the bimodal suite, LS Au-Ag deposits formed in two distinct settings: (1) rhyolite flow domes and (2) mafic igneous rocks of the northern Nevada rift. The LS deposits include Midas, Sleeper, Mule Canyon, Buckskin-National, and Delamar; HS and IS deposits are absent. The western andesite suite is an oxidized, high-K calc-alkaline series of andesites and dacites formed in a subduction-related continental-margin arc along western North America. HS, IS, and sparse LS Au-Ag and porphyry Cu-Au deposits are present in the western andesite suite and include Comstock Lode, Tonopah, Goldfield, Bodie, Paradise Peak, and Rawhide. Compared to epithermal deposits in the western andesite suite, LS Au-Ag deposits in the bimodal suite formed under low ƒO2 and ƒS2 and generally have low base-metal contents, low Ag:Au ratios, and common selenide minerals. Petrologic studies suggest that these differences reflect variations in the petrotectonic settings of the associated magmatic assemblages. The contrasting types of epithermal deposits and associated igneous rocks suggest that there is a strong genetic link between epithermal Au-Ag deposits and magmatism. The dearth of epithermal deposits in the interior andesite-rhyolite assemblage, including in the northern Rocky Mountains (Challis Volcanics), and in the Eocene to Pliocene Western Cascades arc in Oregon and Washington may reflect (1) preservation, (2) eruptive style or rates, (3) basement rocks, (4) tectonic setting, (5) depth of magma generation, or (6) a combination of these or other factors. These topics are the subject of ongoing research.


The patient was a 76-year-old woman with dysphagia. The family and medical history were not relevant to the current disorder. She was being treated for chronic hepatitis by a nearby physician. At the beginning of February 2002, the patient felt something stuck in her throat while eating. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a tumorous lesion at the gastroesophageal junction. She was referred to our hospital for further evaluation. On admission, physical status and nutritional status were normal. No anemia or icterus was observed. No superficial lymph nodes were palpated. There was no abnormal pigmentation of any parts of the skin or the mucosa of the oral cavity, nasal cavity, rectum, or anus. Blood chemical examination revealed no anemia. The serum aspartate aminotransferase (68 U/L), the alanine aminotransferase (59 U/L), and the lactate dehydrogenase (486 U/L) were slightly higher than the upper limit of normal. Tumor markers, including squamous-cell car-


MEGARA (Multi-Espectrografo en GTC de Alta Resolucion para Astronomia) is an optical Integral-Field Unit (IFU) and Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) designed for the GTC 10.4 m telescope in La Palma. Its relatively complex layout makes necessary a set of tools to facilitate the observation preparation to the user. The MEGARA Observing Preparation Software Suite (MOPSS) consists on three software components designed to assist observers to optimally plan their observations with GTC/MEGARA: the Exposure Time Calculator, the Image Simulator, and the Fiber MOS Positioning tool. We describe these software tools and the status of their prototypes up to the date.


The ecological implications of coyote Canis latrans colonization of the eastern USA have drawn considerable interest from land managers and the general public. The ability to predict how these ecosystems, which have lacked larger predators for decades, would respond to the invasion of this highly adaptable species needs an understanding of coyote foraging behavior given local resource availability. Therefore, we examined the diet of coyotes in a longleaf pine Pinus palustrus ecosystem from 2007–2012. We examined 673 coyote scats collected on the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center in southwestern Georgia. We observed considerable seasonality in coyote use of rodents, white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus, rabbits and vegetation. Coyotes exploited anthropogenic food sources, particularly waste peanuts Arachis hypogaea, during the fall and winter when native soft mast was not available. Adult white-tailed deer were consumed during every month and was not limited to the pulse of carrion availability from hunter-harvested animals, suggesting the use of adult white-tailed deer may not be restricted to scavenging in this system. We found mesomammals, including armadillos Dasypus novemcinctus, raccoons Procyon lotor, Virginia opossums Didelphis viginiana, bobcats Lynx rufus, grey foxes Urocyon cineroargenteus and striped skunks Mephitis mephitis in approximately 18% of coyote scats from January–August. On our site, and some adjacent properties, the use of predator trapping focused primarily on Virginia opossum, raccoon, coyote, bobcat and gray fox, to increase northern bobwhite Colinus virginianus production may have resulted in increased use of mesomammals through scavenging. We offer evidence that coyote colonization may alter food web dynamics in longleaf pine ecosystems through depredation of white-tailed deer and by influencing the mesomammal guild through direct predation and competition for rodents, rabbits, carrion and soft mast.


The possibility of unitarizing the conformal supergravity of Kaku, Townsend, and van Nieuwenhuizen is investigated by examining the representation content of its linearized equations. Conformal (Weyl) gravitons are seen to correspond to a pair of helicity-conjugate, irreducible, and nonunitary representations of so(4,2). The solutions of the linearized gravitino field equation are seen to carry both unitary and nonunitary representations of so(4,2). The linearized constraint equation of Kaku et al., however, removes the unitary content from the gravitino field equation. The solution space of the linearized constraint and field equations of conformal supergravity is seen to carry a direct sum of two nonunitary and irreducible representations of the superalgebra su(2,2/1). These results imply that current models of conformal supergravity cannot be unitarized without breaking both su(2,2/1) and so(4,2) symmetries. A suggestion as to how one might construct a unitary model of conformal supergravity is made.


Objective:To synthesize a new cationic polymer with high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity.Methods:Branched polyethyleneimine(PEI) PEI 600 was cross-linked by hydrolysisable 2,4-pentanediol diacrylate(2,4-PDODA) to synthesize high molecular weight polymers.The DNA binding affinity of synthesized polymers was determinated by DNA gel retardation assay,the gene transfection efficiency of polymers was evaluated in human embryo kidney HEK 293 cells by using green fluorescent protein and luciferase gene as reporter gene.The degradability and cytotoxicity of the polymer was analysized by agrose electrophoresis detection and MTT assay respectively.Results:The synthesized polymer showed high DNA binding affinity and high transfection efficiency.The luciferase activity of transfected 293 cell mediated by polymer was 3×109 RLU/mg,and showed similar or higher transfection efficiency as compare to commercial available transfection reagents.The polymer also showed lowest cytotoxicity.The polymer was very stable in acidic condition and highly degradable in neuture condition.Conclusion:It suggested that the synthesized polymer showed high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity.It may play important role in gene transfection and gene therapy study in the near future.


The present invention relates to a method for purification of LPG injection valves of an internal combustion engine in which an aerosol is generated from a cleaning liquid and gaseous liquefied gas and the aerosol is conducted with running internal combustion engine instead of gaseous LPG through the LPG injectors. For this purpose, an apparatus having a connecting piece is used comprising a connectable to a first and a second line (14 ', 14' ') gas passage (32) for a gaseous liquid gas stream and one in the gas passage (32) opens Zumessduse (22) at the inlet side thereof, a cleaning agent container (23) can be connected.


Both psychotherapy and desipramine have been used to treat mixed opioid-cocaine dependence and abuse, but the long-term efficacy of these treatments has not been established. This one-year follow-up of patients with DSM-III-R cocaine dependence compared the short- and long-term effects of these two treatments.

Initially, researchers randomized 121 patients to one of four …


Recently, discrete and variable Adriatic indices have been introduced and it has been shown that the sum α -exdeg index is good predictor (when variable parameter is equal to 0.37 ) of the octanol-water partition coefficient for octane isomers. Here, we study mathematical properties of this descriptor. Namely, we analyze extremal graphs of this descriptor in the following classes: the class of all connected graphs, the class of all trees, the class of all unicyclic graphs, the class of all chemical graphs, the class of all chemical trees, the class of all chemical unicyclic graphs, the class of all graphs with given maximal degree, the class of all graphs with given minimal degree, the class of all trees with given number of pendant vertices, and the class of all connected graphs with given number of pendant vertices. Also, many open problems about variable Adriatic indices are proposed.


For the partial sum of Fourier series of square wave functions,the weakness of the original expression is pointed out in the paper,and a new expression of Lth partial sum of Fourier series is given.Gibbs phenomenon is explained based on the above,and formulas for calculating extreme points of the partial sum of Fourier series of the square wave are inferred using a new method.


he recent collection of nymphal instars of Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus Champion, 1899 (Hemiptera:Reduviidae) froma domestic habitat in Bolivia draws attention to the behaviour of this sylvatic triatomine species and demonstrates its ability to colonize domestic structures. The relevance of this observation to the vector control programme is discussed.


T he latest BCV (Bird Clubs of Virginia) Convention in March 2002, has prompted me to write this. Many of the speakers were saying how important it is for parrots to be socialized with their own species, and that we need to start parent rearing for our future breeding stock. My husband and I have successfully taught a pair of Indian Ringnecked Parakeets to feed their chicks, when they would incubate, hatch, but not feed. We have also gotten three separate pairs of Goffin's Cockatoos to wean their own chicks. One of these pairs was proven when we received them, but had been conditioned to having the chicks pulled for hand feeding at 2 to 3 weeks old. They plucked very heavy if left any longer, just like 'tiels. First of all, you need to start with a compatible male and female bird of the same species. A good diet and proper enclosure are also a necessary. Forced pairing is not recommended, unless it is a very rare bird and you have trouble finding mates. Most people cannot afford the luxury of a large flight to allow natural selection, or the number of birds needed for that. If you must force-pair the birds, start by having them side by side in similar cages. Put their food dishes so that they are near each other, so the birds will eat together. This will begin a good common ground of eating together. If you can, let the birds out to play together, supervised. Depending on the species, either the male or the female may naturally be the dominant one. With the cockatoos, this will be the male and with the ringnecks, it's the female. If the dominant bird lets the other bird enter his or her cage without problem, you're probably safe to introduce them together to a new, neutral cage. If one is much more dominant, you may want to introduce the submissive bird to the new cage or flight first, then add the dominant one. If other birds are around, you may also see posturing as to protect the mate from outsiders. This may take several months or even a year, before the birds will be comfortable caged together. It is also best to start the intro, after mating season, so there is no pressure. Get to know other breeders of the species, and learn everything you can about the birds, including diet & habits in the wild. The next thing, only you can do! GET TO KNOW YOUR BIRDS. (This may actually be the most important step!) All birds are individuals, just like you and me. What are my birds' preferences? What's normal for my bird? Do not feel compelled to check the nest box all the time. This actually makes some pairs very nervous, can make them break eggs, abandon the nest, or just not set the eggs properly. You may prevent your pairs from feeling comfortable and secure enough to even go to nest. (How would you like someone barging in your bedroom, every time you and your mate get intimate?) If your birds incubate, but won't feed, some push the chicks aside, and keep incubating; put the chicks back with the eggs. Do this until the parents catch on, sit on the chicks and start feeding. Ideally catch them out of the nest to do this. Only chase them out if it is absolutely necessary, or you don't hear any feeding action, but know there are chicks. Make sure the cage is stuffed with food at all times. When feeding chicks, the birds need lots of soft food to make the crop milk; millet is also a favorite for parents while raising chicks. I feed mine veggies around the clock when feeding chicks, and add probac if using frozen or cooked beans and rice mix, to keep them from growing the wrong type bacteria and this will help to establish good flora for the chicks. Ideally, when they hatch the first clutch, pull all but the youngest chick for hand feeding at about 3 weeks or a little longer as long as the parents are feeding them all well. Leave the youngest for them to wean. If you are not the one who got the pair to the point of being a proven pair, they may already be conditioned to having the chicks pulled at 2 to 3 weeks, and may not feed past then, or abuse by over preening. Try letting them keep the chick a few more weeks each time they hatch a clutch. On some of the larger parrots, and cockatoos, you may only get one or two eggs, and the parents may only feed one chick. In nature that 2nd egg is their insurance. Many times the 2nd egg will not hatch, will be destroyed, or it simply disappears! We may be disturbing them too much. If this is the history with your pair, try to subsidize the 2nd chick with a little formula, and put him back in the nest. They may still let the 2nd chick starve this time, but the next time, you can bet they will feed it. This is especially true if you have given your other pairs the opportunity to wean their own. The pair needing assistance will also catch on from the others in your flock. They all communicate and know what is going on, better than you do. Most of all, just remember, not to disturb the pairs too much, especially while breeding. Keep a regular feeding schedule, so they know when and what to expect to eat. This makes for a better comfort level. Happy parent-rearing!


In construction work uses various types of heavy equipment to make road construction and maintenance, one of which is Cold Milling Machine. The use of cold milling machine is influenced by the operator efficiency factor in its operation and will have an impact on the productivity of the machine. The purpose of this study was to determine the productivity ratio between old and new operators and the number of efficiency factors for cold milling machine operators. The variable reviewed is the result of excavation from the cold milling machine operated by the operator. The research method used is direct observation in the field then the data is processed using t-test analysis. The results of this study are there are differences in skills between operator A and operator B based on the results of the t value (2.846> 1.812) greater than t table. The result of the calculation of the efficiency factor of cold milling machine operators is that by using a comparison of theoretical and actual productivity, it gets a very good category with a value of 0.84 for old operators and for new operators obtains a value of 0.48 which is categorized as less.


The rise of internet and social media have brought an increased use of online social networks
in the latest years. Today, organisational online communities are used by members to discuss,
ask for help and seek like minded support. Through framing theory, I have conducted a
qualitative case study to research how framing processes look amongst members of an online
community in relation to leaders in the organisation. Data from a discussion in this online
community on a grassroots level was compared to interviews with individuals responsible for
risk management. The results showed that the risk managers could present more reasons for
the new rule's implementation than what was brought up in the online discussion, and that
prognostic counterframes were common online, probably because the rule was presented as an
already implemented fact.


K-Space Acquisition Method for Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI: Application to Breast Tumors by Sumati Krishnan Chairs: Jeffrey A. Fessler and Thomas L. Chenevert Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI is increasingly being used for detection and diagnosis of tumors. The primary objective is to elicit diagnostically significant architectural and pharmacokinetic features of lesions. Hence, DCE-MRI of tumors is ideally performed at high spatial resolution while sampling a time-varying event at high temporal resolution. A variety of variable rate sampling strategies and associated reconstructive schemes have been developed to resolve the conflicting demands of simultaneous high resolution sampling of temporal and spatial detail. In all these methods, a minimum desired spatial resolution is specified, and attempts are made to improve the temporal resolution in sampling the dynamic event. In this work a novel method, termed spatio-temporal bandwidth-based (STBB) acquisition, is developed to address the trade-off inherent in DCE-MRI. This technique is constrained only by the overall scan duration, within which the temporal event is expected to reach steady-state, and the imaging sequence repetition time, TR. Neither the spatial nor temporal resolution


Traditional vehicle detectors always utilize singletemplate model to represent the vehicle which can not encircle vehicles with different aspect ratios. In this paper, we propose a fast and accurate approach for detecting vehicles which joints classification and aspect ratio regression. The key idea is extending the boosting decision trees method to estimate vehicle's aspect ratio during vehicle detection, and jointing regression and detection in the same cascaded framework. We propose two strategies to improve the accuracy of both detection and localization. One is to exploit a mixed error criterion for training split functions, which consider classification and regression error simultaneously, and the other is jointing classification and regression score based on their characteristics in the testing process. Furthermore, our approach doesn't bring additional calculation because the regressor shares features with the classifier, and the detector is still fast and more accurate. We collected a new dataset CFVHR that the camera is mounted on the vehicle. Experimental results on our dataset show that our approach achieves an obvious improvement compared with the ACF and LDCF detector.


Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been a rising concern in the early years of the women's Australian Football League (AFLW), eliciting headlines of a 'knee crisis' surrounding the league. There has been a focus on female biology as the primary factor driving the high rate of ACL injuries in the AFLW. Emphasising Australian football (AF) as being dangerous predominantly due to female biology may be misrepresenting a root cause of the ACL injury problem, perpetuating gender stereotypes that can restrict physical development and participation of women and girls in the sport. We propose that an approach addressing environmental and sociocultural factors, along with biological determinants, is required to truly challenge the ACL injury problem in the AFLW. Sports science and medicine must therefore strive to understand the whole system of women in AF, and question how to address inequities for the benefit of the athletes.


Modelling of brittle softening materials requires suitable regularization techniques. This has been long recognized for the modelling of cracking, i.e tensile failure, in brittle materials such as for instance concrete. The crack band approach represents the classical method how to address this problem of proper energy dissipation in the modelling of the tensile failure in the finite element calculation. The paper presents the straightforward extension of this approach for the modelling of compressive failure in brittle materials. This approach was first used in Červenka, et. al. 1998, but more rigorous treatment is necessary and will be the subject of this paper presented.


The Canard Rotor/Wing (CRW), a high-speed rotorcraft concept, was tested at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center's 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel in Mountain View, California. The 1/5-scale model was tested to identify certain low-speed, fixed-wing, aerodynamic characteristics of the configuration and investigate the effectiveness of two empennages, an H-Tail and a T-Tail. The paper addresses the principal test objectives and the results achieved in the wind tunnel test. These are summarized as: i) drag build-up and differences between the H-Tail and T-Tail configuration, ii) longitudinal stability of the H-Tail and T-Tail configurations in the conversion and cruise modes, iii) control derivatives for the canard and elevator in the conversion and cruise modes, iv) aerodynamic characteristics of varying the rotor/wing azimuth position, and v) canard and tail lift/trim capability for conversion conditions.


2. As exercise progresses from low to moderate intensity, e.g., 25-65% VO2max, the rate of fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue into blood plasma declines, whereas the rate of total fat oxidation increases due to a relatively large use of intramuscular triglycerides. Intramuscular triglycerides also account for the characteristic increase in fat oxidation as a result of habitual endurance-training programs.


An algorithm is presented that enables the fitting of complex frequency-response data to a rational transfer function. Parameter estimates are updated, without matrix inversion, as more frequency-response data become available. The method is particularly suitable for online identification.


Background: Insulin suppresses lipolysis through direct effects on adipocytes and indirectly through its neuronal receptors by reducing sympathetic outflow to adipose tissue. Results: Three-day voluntary overfeeding impairs the ability of brain insulin to suppress lipolysis in vivo. Conclusion: Unrestrained lipolysis that is commonly seen in obesity and diabetes can be caused by impaired brain insulin action. Significance: Enhancing brain insulin action potentially restores lipolytic control. Insulin controls fatty acid (FA) release from white adipose tissue (WAT) through direct effects on adipocytes and indirectly through hypothalamic signaling by reducing sympathetic nervous system outflow to WAT. Uncontrolled FA release from WAT promotes lipotoxicity, which is characterized by inflammation and insulin resistance that leads to and worsens type 2 diabetes. Here we tested whether early diet-induced insulin resistance impairs the ability of hypothalamic insulin to regulate WAT lipolysis and thus contributes to adipose tissue dysfunction. To this end we fed male Sprague-Dawley rats a 10% lard diet (high fat diet (HFD)) for 3 consecutive days, which is known to induce systemic insulin resistance. Rats were studied by euglycemic pancreatic clamps and concomitant infusion of either insulin or vehicle into the mediobasal hypothalamus. Short term HFD feeding led to a 37% increase in caloric intake and elevated base-line free FAs and insulin levels compared with rats fed regular chow. Overfeeding did not impair insulin signaling in WAT, but it abolished the ability of mediobasal hypothalamus insulin to suppress WAT lipolysis and hepatic glucose production as assessed by glycerol and glucose flux. HFD feeding also increased hypothalamic levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol after only 3 days. In summary, overfeeding impairs hypothalamic insulin action, which may contribute to unrestrained lipolysis seen in human obesity and type 2 diabetes.


This thesis is about the history of the Chinese people in British Columbia, Canada from the 1850's up until the present time. Canada "the chosen land" has been enriched by one of the most diverse cultures in the world brought there by the Chinese immigrants. The history of the Chinese in Canada reflects the sacrifices and hardships that led to the birth of vibrant communities in Gam San or "Gold Mountain, or "Red Hair" as they called this country. The history of the Chinese-Canadians began with the hard work, commitment and perseverance of the early settlers, most of whom originated from Guangdong, the coastal province of China. They left their country due to financial hardships as well as political and social problems that occurred in China between 1787 and 1850. They first went to North America in 1848 for the California Gold Rush, however, due to the growing Anti-Chinese feelings and the spreading of the news of gold in the Fraser River Valley in Canada, most of them fled to British Columbia. The Chinese-Canadians experienced a long history of racial discrimination in Canada as signs of the White Canadians' protest against their presence in forms of riots, such as the famous Vancouver Riot on 7 thSeptember in 1907, discriminatory immigration policies, racial hostility and segregation. In 1941 Canada joined the allied countries, which marked a significant change in the attitudes of the White Canadians towards the Chinese-Canadians, that is hardships and racial prejudices got less intense. In the 1960's, Vancouver (Wan-Go-Wa, or VanHong) changed a lot thanks to the arrival of the New Immigrants, who differed from the earlier Chinese settlers. Nowadays, Chinese form a significant part of the City of Vancouver living inside and outside Chinatown. They have several organizations, newspapers, community centers, etc., which all help to focus on keeping their community together, and assist their people in various ways. The Chinese have been present in Canada for over a century. Their community grew from its simplicity into a significant force that helped to shape Canada's multicultural identity.


The central theme of the current study is to compare and contrast the opinions of employees on corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives of their companies. The paper attempts to identify the similarities/dissimilarities in views of employees working in manufacturing and ITES (Information Technology Enabled Services) companies based in Pune. The underlying question being; Is CSR viewed differently in manufacturing and ITES industry. The current study explores the viewpoint of managers and executives working in particular sector. Divergent/convergent sentiments between the two industries are analyzed. A scale developed by Turker (2006) was administered to measure CSR. Also, to measure the importance of social responsibility for employees; a subscale of perceived role of ethics and social responsibility (PRESOR) modified by Etheredge (1999) was used to collect the survey data. The sample consisted of 600 managers/executives/administrators; 300 each from manufacturing and ITES firms based in Pune. The results indicated that the employees' of both manufacturing&ITES firms had a decent level of understanding about CSR, although employees of manufacturing firms tend to exhibit a higher level of sensitivity towards CSR. However, no significant difference is identified amongst the two groups. Results of the exploratory research draw attention to the necessity of social responsibility enabling ethical behaviors amongst managers across industry. Building consciousness towards CSR in managers and developing a holistic approach is crucial. The research has vital inferences for manufacturing and ITES firms, especially as it relates to the viewpoints of managers' towards CSR. Some explanations as well as limited generalizations and implications are developed.


Disclosed are a system and a method for smart evacuation guidance. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system for smart evacuation guidance comprises: a plurality of audio boxes respectively installed at a plurality of locations; and a control system to detect whether an emergency situation occurs and controls each of the plurality of audio boxes. A first audio box from among the plurality of audio boxes comprises: a communication unit to communicate with the control system; a storage unit to store multiple pieces of voice information to be outputted by the first audio box, which corresponds to action information to be performed by a user at a first location of the first audio box; a speaker unit to output at least one from among the multiple pieces of voice information; and a control unit to control the speaker unit to output a piece of voice information from among the multiple pieces of voice information stored in the storage unit corresponding to a control signal transmitted from the control system, wherein the control signal is determined by the control system on the basis of first location information corresponding to a location where the first audio box is installed and second location information corresponding to a location where the emergency situation occurs.


F(T,P) = aT + bP + c a b c Uncertainty Vp (m s ) 2.67 ± 0.05 0.2 ± 0.08 3864 ± 2 ±1.5 Vs (m s ) 1.244 ± 0.005 0.198 ± 0.007 1942.4 ± 0.2 ±1.5 n (2.0 ± 0.6) 10 5 (6.8 ± 0.9) 10 5 0.3310 ± 0.0002 ±3 M (GPa) (2.15 ± 0.04) 10 2 (4.02 ± 0.03) 10 3 13.69 ± 0.02 ±4 G (GPa) (5.03 ± 0.02) 10 3 (3.0 ± 0.2) 10 4 3.459 ± 0.0007 ±4 K (GPa) (1.48 ± 0.04) 10 2 (3.4 ± 0.5) 10 3 9.07 ± 0.02 ±6 Vp, compressional wave speeds; Vs, shear wave speeds; n, Poisson's ratio; M, dynamic compressional wave; G, shear moduli; and K, bulk moduli; temperature of 20 to 5 C; and piston pressure of 22.4 to 32.8 MPa. Calculated density range was 0.920 to 0.923 g cm . Units for a are the units of the property being fit divided by C. Units for b are those of the property being fit divided by MPa. Units for c are those of the property being fit. Uncertainty is given as a percentage of the property being fit.


Nozzle flowmeter has simple structure and wide application. In order to study the influence of temperature change on the inner wall of nozzle flowmeter on the thermal effect of flowmeter, the thermal effect of nozzle flowmeter was numerically simulated at five different inner wall temperatures in this paper. It is found that with the increase of the inner wall temperature, obvious stress concentration occurs in the upstream and downstream pressure inlets and the inlet and outlet areas of the flowmeter, and the thermal stress increases with the increase of the wall temperature. There are large thermal deformation areas in the inlet and outlet areas of the upstream and downstream pressure inlets and the eight-slot nozzle, and the thermal deformation value increases with the increase of wall temperature.


Abstract The search of possibilities to improve the functional properties of textile materials has been continuing for years with the aim to provide higher hygiene characteristics offer advanced therapeutic functionality. One of available approaches to provide new properties for textiles is the inclusion of natural ingredients. Propolis extracts are successfully used in practical therapeutics for accelerated wound healing and cell proliferation processes. In this study, pure multi-filament yarns and yarns saturated with propolis were developed and characterized. The effect of preparation and formulation parameters on the characteristics of yarns was evaluated; the release of propolis extract components from yarns and their possible cytotoxicity on cell formation was also determined.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to make a contribution to the theoretical and pragmatic positioning of critical information literacy by interpreting it in the light of epistemological shifts brought about by Web 2.0. Epistemological shifts are elaborated from educational and institutional perspectives as well as from that of scientific research. Design/methodology/approach – This paper brings a theoretical analysis drawing on relevant literature for the purpose of identifying the grounds for the mapping of concepts associated with critical information literacy and participatory information environments. Based on descriptive analysis, the paper clarifies distinctions between/participatory/and /information bank/environments and identifies correlations existing between CIL and participatory information environments. Findings – There are conceptual disagreements between IL as it was defined and perceived by Zurkowski and how it has to be perceived in the context of contemporary participatory informatio...


Since the study on building performance was started by Building Research Station in 1930s, the results of the study has been reported from many parts of the world and Building construction codes and standardhas been revised as performance based in advanced nations and as well in Korea various performance certification systems are in operation. In this study, the constituent elements of performance design system were established by acquiring the problem of the performance certification system being in operation in Korea. With this result, a performance design system was suggested as optimum material and method selection stage using building classification system, acquirement of required function, required performance, suggestion of evaluation index by feedback of verification method and evaluation index


The solid-state structure of the title compound, [Cu(C(19)H(13)F(2)N(2))(C(5)H(9)N)(2)], shows that the Cu(I) centre adopts a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry, being coordinated by two N atoms of the 6-aminofulvene-2-aldimine (AFA) chelating ligand and by the bridgehead C atoms of the two isocyanide ligands. The cyclopentadienyl and imine components of the AFA ligand are approximately coplanar, with an angle between the planes of 5.00 (3)°. The Cu atom lies 0.6460 (3) Å above the imine plane defined by the N and C atoms of the seven-membered metallocycle. There is also an uncommon C-H···Cu anagostic interaction, with an intramolecular Cu···H distance of 2.67 Å, which is less than the sum of the van der Waals radii.


Triticum aestivum L. em Thell ditelosomics 7AL and 7DS and T. aestivum-Elytrigia elongata (Host) Holub (2n = 2x = 14) ditelosomic additions were crossed with "E. elongata 4x" (2n = 4x = 28), E. caespitosa (C. Koch) Nevski (2n = 4x = 28), and E. intermedia (Host) Nevski (2n = 6x = 42). The effect of each Elytrigia genotype on homoeologous (heterogenetic) chromosome pairing was assessed by comparing the pairing frequencies of T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring telosomes 7AL and 7DS in the hybrids with the pairing frequency of telosome 7AL in haploid Chinese Spring. The genotype of "E. elongata 4x" had no effect on heterogenetic pairing in the hybrids. Although some genotypes of E. caespitosa and E. intermedia promoted heterogenetic pairing in the hybrids, others had no effect. Telosome VS of E. elongata interacted in a complementary fashion with the genotype of "E. elongata 4x," but not with the genotypes of Chinese Spring and E. caespitosa, and it promoted heterogenetic pairing. In hybrids in which the wheat d...


This paper addresses the problem of ranking and selection for stochastic processes, such as target tracking algorithms, where variance is the performance metric. Comparison of different tracking algorithms or parameter sets within one algorithm relies on time-consuming and computationally demanding simulations. We present a method to minimize simulation time, yet to achieve a desirable confidence of the obtained results by applying ordinal optimization and computing budget allocation ideas and techniques, while taking into account statistical properties of the variance. The developed method is applied to a general tracking problem of N/sub s/ sensors tracking T targets using a sequential multi-sensor data fusion tracking algorithm. The optimization consists of finding the order of processing sensor information that results in the smallest variance of the position error. Results that we obtained with high confidence levels and in reduced simulation times confirm the findings from our previous research (where we considered only two sensors) that processing the best available sensor the last performs the best, on average. The presented method can be applied to any ranking and selection problem where variance is the performance metric.


Tayanah O'Donnell examines land use planning issues arising from the report on Queensland's floods, the findings from which could benefit other regions.


My last sponsored run was a marathon in the 1980s to raise funds for the miners. Now I will be running a half-marathon on Sunday May 12 in honour of my friend Simon Pickvance.


Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement neurodegenerative disorder. Although our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis in PD has greatly expanded, this knowledge thus far has failed to translate into disease‐modifying therapies. Therefore, it is of the utmost urgency to interrogate further the multifactorial etiology of PD. DNA repair defects cause many neurodegenerative diseases. An exciting new PD research avenue is the role that DNA damage and repair may play in neuronal death. The goal of this mini‐review was to discuss the evidence for the types of DNA damage that accumulates in PD, which has provided clues for which DNA repair pathways, such as DNA double‐strand break repair, are dysfunctional. We further highlight compelling data for activation of the DNA damage response in familial and idiopathic PD. The significance of DNA damage and repair is emerging in the PD field and linking these insights to PD pathogenesis may provide new insights into PD pathophysiology and consequently lead to new therapies.


The cultural background of individuals reflects on their socio-economic wellbeing. This research study is aimed to find out the relationship between socio-economic background of the customers at banquet service offered in hotels in Kaduna Nigeria and their satisfaction of the banquet service offered to them. Kaduna State in North Western Nigeria was used as the area of the study, thirty-three hotels in the capital city of the state were randomly selected for the study, and Three hundred and eighty-four guests at various banquet events were purposively selected for the study. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean scores, mean rankings, frequency distribution and standard deviations were applied to describe the profile of demographic characteristics of the respondents. A Spearman Rank Order Correlation (rho) a non-parametric inferential statistic was used to test the hypothesis (H0) to determine the relationship between independent variables (demographic characteristics) and dependent variables (overall customer satisfaction). Results of Spear Correlations show a small relationship (0.28%) between gender and customer satisfaction, 0.72% indicated that there was no significant correlation between age and customer satisfaction while the influence of education on customer satisfaction were negligible at 1.04%, and income has a very small influence (0.67%) on customer satisfaction. The study recommends that other attributes of banquet services should be further investigated to find out which attributes causes dissatisfaction to customers at banquet events.


The present invention provides a system and method for improving the productivity of the machine. Seller computer (26) via a communication line (100) to obtain the operation monitoring device (18) provided on the machine (10) to obtain status data, and the machine (10) remote monitoring of operational state. Machine (10) further transmits data maintenance replacement parts, the seller receives a computer (26) maintains optimal data component replacement period is calculated from these data. Optimal replacement period is calculated for each component is sent to the plant (101). In the factory-side (101), the best alternate periodic feedback to the machine (10) in use, whereby the productivity can be improved.


A use of a composition comprising a gum arabic (AG) for improving intestinal impervious, more specifically, abdominal pain, non-chronic or otherwise, insomnia, bloated feeling, expansion of the abdomen, shortness of breath, gluten intolerance, malnutrition, muscle cramps, hypersensitivity to more chemicals, myalgia, myofascial pain, mood swings, exercise tolerance decreased, immunocompromised, poor memory, recurrent rash, brittle since nails, hair loss, food allergy, constipation, diarrhea, liver dysfunction, fatigue brain, abdominal cramps, persistent hunger pain, anorexia, irritable bowel syndrome, chemotherapy, food allergies, acne, liver function expansion disorders or intestinal, etc. use of nutritional composition for improving the symptoms such as. .FIELD 5


Objective:To evaluate the signifcance of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) expression in human transitional cell carcinoma of bladder(BTCC).Methods:The expression of EGFR was detected by standard ABC immunohistochemical technique in 33 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of BTCC compared with 12 normal ones.Results:All normal transitional cells were negatively stained and all neoplastic cells were positively stained .Fisher's accurate analysis showed that moderately or strongly positive espression of EGFR in tumor cells closely correlated with different pathological grades(P0 05),clinical stages(P0 05),number of lesions(P0 05)and postoperative reccurance (P0 05).Conclusion:It was suggested that over expression of EGFR closely correlated with biological behaviour of BTCC and it played a very important role on the process of occurence and progress.


This work presents a new approach towards resonant interaction between light and matter . An investigation of electromagnetic wave propagation in random media is presented .Numerical simulations of the extinction rate of electromagnetic radio wave propagation in the presence of large number of point scatterers distributed randomly is presented and is based on the multiple scattering theory. The results obtained shows, the attenuation rate increases as realizations increases but remains independent for large no of point scatterers in the cluster.


【Background: The purpose of this study was designed to find out the effectiveness of reposition sense, muscle fatigue response on lumbar spine after apply lumbosacral stabilization exercise program to 4 patients with chronic low back pain and for 12 weeks. Method: In this study the reposition sense was measured in 3 angle(60, 30, 12) of the lumbar spine motion with blind by MedX test machine and the difference of instability to lumbar vertebra segments in flexion, extension test of standing position and spinal load test Mattress Test by Spinal Mouse. The stabilization exercise program was applied 2 times a week for 12 weeks in hospital and 2 times a day for 20 minutes at home. Result: The results of the present study were that the repositioning sense was appeared the most error in 12 angles of lumbar flexion and Men was appeared to decrease an error more than female in average value of 4 angles after 12 weeks. And average error of male was decrease more than female. Thus the effects of lumbosacral stabilization exercise was improved repositioning sense of prorioceptor. Fatigue response test(FRT) results, in male, was raised muscle fatigue rate during increase weight, on the other hand female appeared lower than male. Conclusion: As a results, lumbosacral stabilization exercise was aided to improvement of lumbar spine repositioning sense and vertebra segments stabilization. It was showed the rate of decrease in typically 12 degree angle point of each 3 angle(60, 36, 12). Especially, that spine instability patients will have a risk when in lifting a load or working with slight flexion posture around 12 degree during the daily of living life and it is probably to increase recurrence rate. Thus, not only lumbar extension muscle strength but also stability of vertebra segments in lumbar spine may be very important.】


This chapter will provide an overview of the research topic, the different terms and concepts that will be used (including its definitions) and the problem statement. The goal of the study will be identified, as well as its expected contribution to the field of study. The research questions will be formulated, as well as the demarcation of the study. This conceptual framework of this study is illustrated in Figure 1.1 below.


The utility model provides a motor and a pump, an air conditioner, a water heater, and a heat source machine, each of which is provided with the motor. A stator and a printed substrate are disposed in a moulding resin part in an embedded manner. The surface of the stator side of the printed substrate is provided with a pre-driving IC and a capacitor, and the surface of the non-stator side of the printed substrate is provided with a copper foil, which can be used to cover the oscillation circuit part constituted by the pre-driving IC and the capacitor and the wiring connected with the oscillation circuit part. And in addition, the pump is provided with the motor, the air conditioner is provided with the motor or the pump, the water heater is provided with the motor or the pump, and the heat source machine is provided with the motor or the pump.


Sylvester double sums versus subresultants given two polynomials A and B first notion symmetric expression of the roots of two polynomials second notion defined through the coefficients polynomials main result of the lecture these two notions are very closely related (idea due to Sylvester [S]) see details and complete proofs in [RS]. 1 Definitions and main result. A and B two finite families of elements of a field K. The resultant of A and B is R(A, B): = a∈A,b∈B (a − b).


Objective To observe the influence of autologous blood receiving on red cell、platelet and blood viscidity in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.Methods From Augest 2005 to October 2007,46 patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled in autologous blood receiving group and control group randomly.Volume of transfused red cells、blood plasma and postoperative blood loss (within 24 hours after operation) were compared;Samples were taken for the determination of red cell count,hemoglobin,hemotocrite,platelet count and Blood viscosity after operation 24 hours.Results Volume of transfused red cells and blood plasma in autologous blood receiving group were fewer than control group.No significant differences between the two groups were discovered on postoperative blood loss,red cell count,hemoglobin、hemotocrite、platelet count and blood viscosity.Conclusions Autologous blood receiving can reduce quantity of transfusion in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.It has no adverse effect on red cell,platelet and blood viscidity.


Objectives: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a zoonotic parasitological disease. This disease cause always important health challenges for the human communities. It is common in many parts of the globe. This research was designed to determine the epidemiology of CL in East of Ahvaz County during 2003- 2013. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The disease was diagnosed based on clinical examination and microscopic observation of the parasite in the ulcer site. The patient's Information such as age, gender, number and sites of ulcer (s) on the body, month and residence area were recorded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Totally, 2287 cases were detected during 2003 2013. About 53.4 patients were male and 46.4 female. The highest frequency infected age groups were observed in 10-19 years old (n=550 ,24). Nearly 37 of the patients had one and 38.1 had three ulcers. The most common location of ulcers were on hands (n=1022, 44.7) and then on feet (n=501, 21.9). Totally 1877 of the patients were infected in rural areas. Based on the appearance of the lesion it was found that 410 cases (17.9) were of the dry type and 1877 cases (82.1) were wet type. Concluaions: Such high prevalence and incidence rates are alarming and require control and prevention measures. Further epidemiological studies of CL are suggested.


ABSTRACT Academic libraries face periodic accreditation review, usually on a 10-year cycle in the United States. Being successful at accreditation is a milestone achievement and it takes careful and strategic planning for action items leading up to the review visit. This paper reviews the key activities undertaken by an academic library in a small sized college as it prepared for accreditation visit by Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Focus areas of activities include librarians' collaboration with teaching faculty, information literacy and student learning outcomes, and library program review. A few recommendations are suggested.


Synopsis An analysis of the structural style of the Palæozoic rocks exposed around Girvan in S.W. Ayrshire suggests that it was fashioned by at least nine phases of deformation. Five of these phases were active when maximum pressures were horizontal and together constitute the local expression of the Caledonian orogeny. The oldest phase recognized, the Main fold phase, consisted of overfolding due to an over-riding maximum pressure from between 150° and 170° and was penecontemporaneous with thrusting generated by a modal maximum stress from 145° to 325°. Three important thrust belts resulted but there were considerable local swings in the azimuths of maximum stress, a variation which culminated in the propagation of the Ardwell fold and reverse fault phase by a maximum stress from 110°. Later Caledonian movements, presumably influenced by an increase in overburden due to folding and thrusting, were represented by two episodes of wrench faulting: an older Ardwell "cross-fold" phase due to a maximum stress from north-east to south-west and a younger Main wrench system with a maximum stress aligned at 160–340° which generated an intricate pattern of sinistral and dextral shears together with second-order relatives. The three following phases, the first, second and third "normal" phases represented an episode in stress history when the relief of pressure was horizontal and aligned from approximately north to south, north-north-west to south-south-east and just north of west to south of east respectively. Maximum pressures tended to vacillate between the vertical and near horizontal and as a result much of the faulting was oblique-slip. All three phases were responsible for important faults and some evidence is put forward to suggest that all three are possibly Proto-Armorican or probably not later than Armorican, although the existence of a few mineral veins shows that reactivation certainly took place in Borcovician times. An analysis of the tensional joints recorded for the area indicates that, apart from the dominant Caledonian and less conspicuous Armorican sets, Tertiary joints were formed when there was a relief of pressure from north-east to south-west and this final phase of deformation was accompanied by the intrusion of dykes. The study also includes discussions on the methods and merits of the resolution by stereographic means of the stress fields responsible for oblique-slip faults and on the nature and origin of first- and second-order wrench faulting in the light of the abundant statistical data available.


Reflective learning focuses on the development of critical-thinking skills through the internal process of examining strengths and exploring areas for improvement. The positive impact of reflective learning has been well documented to challenge misconceptions and provide clarity into one's thinking patterns and actions. In this article, GP trainer, Dr Kunal Chawathey provides useful tips for AiTs to reflect effectively, thereby enhancing their learning experience. The process of reflection occurs in many aspects of our lives, whether it's personal or professional – the events of a week-end or a recent problem we encountered. We often wonder how we might have handled it differently, with the benefit of hindsight. People consciously reflect in order to understand events in their lives and as a consequence hopefully add meaning to their actions. When used effectively and purpose-fully, reflection facilitates ongoing personal and professional learning. Reflection can provide a structure in which to make sense of learning, so that concepts and theories become embedded in practice. Constant thought and innovation are simultaneously fostered. Reflective practice has been increas-ingly recognised to aid all healthcare providers and is now an integral part of healthcare delivery.


This paper reviews the theory and the practical implementation of the selective modulation interferometric spectrometer (the SIMS). This spectrometer has an extremely large optical throughput, and it can scan the spectrum in real time while requiring no more signal processing than a chopped radiometer. Equations are presented which describe the relationship between design parameters and spectrometer performance. Practical design problems are identified, and some solutions to these problems are given.


Much has been written about children's nutrition habits -- especially their consumption of carbonated drinks sweetened with sugar -- and the current epidemic of childhood obesity. To determine the effectiveness of a school-based educational program in reducing children's consumption of carbonated drinks and preventing subsequent weight gain, researchers randomized …


European Economic Community (EEC) law on waste disposal is a complex field. Three sources of the complexity stand out: directives, treaty provisions, and case law. First, there are many directives' concerning waste, waste disposal, and waste transportation. The most important of these directives are: the Directive on Waste (Directive 75/442,2 as amended by Directive 91/1563), containing general rules which, among other things, mandate that Member States take steps to ensure proper disposal, 4 develop waste disposal plans,5 and create permit programs; 6


A new complex source microcomputer model has been developed for use at civil airports and Air Force bases. This paper describes both the key features of this model and its application in evaluating the air quality impact of new construction projects at three airports: one in the United States and two in Canada. The single EDMS model replaces the numerous models previously required to assess the air quality impact of pollution sources at airports. EDMS also employs a commercial data base to reduce the time and manpower required to accurately assess and document the air quality impact of airfield operations. On July 20, 1993, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the final rule (Federal Register, 7/20/93, page 38816) to add new models to the Guideline on Air Quality Models. At that time EDMS was incorporated into the Guideline as an Appendix A model.


Summary The EEG allows insight into thalamocortical function in comatose patients when this is inaccessible clinically. A single EEG can help with broad diagnostic categorization whereas continuous or serial EEG provides monitoring for unstable and potentially treatable conditions and for monitoring the effects of therapy. The EEG plays a supplemental role in establishing the prognosis in disease states that are capable of causing neuronal death. The most prevalent and problematic of these conditions involves survivors of cardiac arrest who are initially in coma with intact brainstem reflexes. In such patients single EEGs are of 100% specificity for no possibility of recovery of consciousness only for essentially complete generalized suppression (<10 &mgr;V) after the first day of the arrest. Several other generalized patterns, including less marked suppression, burst–suppression, epileptiform activity, periodic complexes, and &agr;–&THgr; coma patterns, usually but not invariably indicate a poor outcome. Serial EEGs, continuous raw and automated "trending," testing of reactivity, and the inclusion of multiple variables hold promise for an improved role in the prognostic determination in these patients.


This paper states the basic principle of program data flow analysis in a formal way and gives the concept of data flow expression.On the basis of this concept.an algorithm of finding data flow exceptions is rendered.This algorithm has great generality,with which it is easy to develop a tool for program test.So it is practical in application.


We study dynamical systems induced by birational auto- morphisms on smooth cubic surfaces dened over a number eld K. In particular we are interested in the product of noncommuting birational Geiser involutions of the cubic surface. We present results describing the sets of K and K-periodic points of the system, and give a necessary and sucient condition for a dynamical local-global property called strong residual periodicity. Finally, we give a dynamical result relating to the Mordell{Weil problem on cubic surfaces.


The present invention discloses a dual-wavelength-based optical fiber sensing technology beat demodulation device, characterized in that the optical amplifier comprises a sensing element, a tunable bandpass filter, a coupler, an optical spectrum analyzer and the detector, the sensing element is a fiber Bragg grating Fabry produced - Perot cavity, the tunable bandpass filter and the operating wavelength of the Fabry - Perot cavity reflected wave the same length, said tuning the operating bandwidth of the bandpass filter is greater than 2 times and less than Delta] [lambda Δλ, λ is the said Fabry - Perot cavity reflected wave length, Δλ is a Fabry - Perot cavity spectral oscillation period . Advantage of the present invention is to achieve single longitudinal mode demodulation annulus or longitudinal mode laser sensor, to overcome the limitations of prior single longitudinal mode having a beat frequency based on required characteristics of the sensor technology, reducing the complexity of the system, in favor based racket manufacturing, application and promotion frequency sensor technology.


Abstract The architect who plans and designs our living environment in town and country can neither think exclusively technologically nor act completely independently. Rather, his designs and actions are always in moral relation to the environment, i. e. to nature and landscape as well as to the city/town or the people who live daily with and within the built space and thus have a kind of effective group affiliation. But to what extent does architecture – in the sense of Hegel's phrase the "sensuous in the meaningful" – already possess ethical implications?


Needs of our country in the «Ukrainian national idea – XXI (UNI-XXI)» is increasing; the possibility of its creation is doubted even by our former presidents. Fortunately, progress in the last 20 years, the exact sciences created an opportunity for us to put in its basis not myths and lies of the enemy, but proven facts. The author offers scientifical UNI-XXI project, based on the noohistory and the noosciences, as a combination of new discoveries with better cultural heritage and directed to the future, not the past. Achievements of geneticists, physicists and other scientists in the recovery story of agriculture and animal husbandry are highlighted. It is proved that Ukrainians are direct descendants of those who created productive agriculture in the Middle East. By choosing place on the black soil for the Motherland and combined with hunter-Aryans, formed Trypillians (ukrainoarii). They are the only in the world who domesticated horse, invented the wheeled transport, organized by the Big Trypillia giant space through a combination of copper mines Kargaly, «country towns» and other agricultural areas. Two thousand years protoindoevropean language had been increased, cultural and economic unity suddenly was interrupted by «volcanic winter». This was the impetus for the famous Aryan (or Trypillians) migrations with many linguistic and cultural consequences. The author proposes to build future component for UNI-XXI based on the development of education and scientific discoveries of recent years, which will make free and publicly solar photovoltaics and «family» production on natural substances for 3D-printers (replicators)


8actenecin7 (8ac7), a cationic antibacterial peptide, cont ain s a repeating region of Xaa-Pro-Arg-Pro (Xaa = hydropho bic residue). To investi gate the structure and property of a Pro/Arg-rich region, we synthesized a series of peptides, Xaa Pro-Arg-Pro (Xaa = Gly, Arg, Leu , lie, and Ph e) as models and characteri zed. The conformati onal preferences of these pep tides in water and trifluoroethanol have been examined by circular dichroism. The results suggest the presence of largely poly(Pro)-I1 helical conformation in aq ueous a nd trifluoroethanol soluti ons. Their an tifungal activity against Aspergillus ni ger, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium moniliforme have been measured at various peptide concentrations. All the synthetic tetrapeptide fragme nt s efficiently inhibit the growth of Fusarium mOl1iliforme at the concentration level of 8-10 f! glmL, but failed to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. IPC: Int.CI. 7 C 12 P 21/00 /I A 61 P 31/10


OBJECTIVE
We report a hypogammaglobulinemic patient with a destructive oligoarticular arthritis, whose synovial fluid cultures were repeatedly sterile.

METHODS AND RESULTS
We identified a Ureaplasma urealyticum infection in his affected joints, using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

CONCLUSION
The PCR technique promises to be extremely valuable in the rapid and specific diagnosis of infectious arthritis.


For years in olden times, man depended on gathering and hunting for foods and the favourable climate, but recently, the coming of many scientific, technological and engineering, innovations and the clarion call for change and sustainable development, man had improved and modified plants varieties and animal breeds for food security and it consequences. For these reasons, this study was conducted on the survey on traditional honey bee (Apis millifera) keeping and honey production in Biu and its environs. Compound structured closed and opened ended questionnaires and verbal interview were used for data and information ecosystem collection. One hundred and fifty (150) questionnaires were distributed randomly to beekeepers within the communities of Bubalwada, Garwashina and Kirmbula villages in Biu, north – eastern Nigeria, retrieved, statistically analysed and were recorded. It revealed vital information on the demography of the Apiculturists and the traditional honey beekeeping, honey production; male's youths (83%), married persons (57%), those with formal educational status (68%), business persons (31%), attended secondary level of education (35%), number of house hold size (16 persons and above), have experience in beekeeping (9 years and above), were mostly involved in Apicultural practicing. The study also revealed that most of the Apiculturists in the study area use grass hives for the traditional method (27%), honey bee wax as attractant for new colonies formation (51%), wild honey harvesting (63%) and traditional methods of honey production (68%), rude method of honey processing (61%) and theft of the honey being produced was the most serious problems they encountered were (37%). The majority of the Beekeepers in Biu and its environs sale their honey at retails price (41%) and sales were done in the rural market (47%) inclusively. Youths are urging to engage and participate in this sector of farming, it adds more beauty to the agro – ecosystem - ecology and economic values systems.


This editorial by a prominent French polititian discusses the perceived problem of below-replacement fertility in France one of the only countries in low-fertility Western Europe to express concern for fertility decline. According to the editorial France has moved from the problem of assimilating foreign populations attracted by and necessary to economic growth through that of dealing with a "new morality" of family formation in the 1960s when there was an increase in the number of cohabiting couples. Presently cohabiting couples receive a more favorable tax treatment. Now France requires a pronatalist policy to counter the problem of nonrenewal of generations the shrinking of domestic consumer markets the bankruptcy of old age support funds and the perceived vulnerability to military invasion. Encouraging immigration is not a solution: a "multicultural France" is perceived as an end to France. The law has an important role to play as it now favors nonmarriage and fertility decline; it can in future favor marriage and increased fertility. Financial support for mothers giving birth and perpetual incomes for mothers bearing 3 children as well as special privileges such as moving housing and child care for mothers are policies that should continue to be pursued. Bringing pregnancies to term must also be encouraged. It is only necessary to examine birth and marriage statistics in France to recognize a crisis more threatening to the immediate future than global perspectives for world population.


Higher flight activity has been observed in aged, high-density cultures o f Prostephanus t runcatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), but adults in new, lowdensity culture jars showed less flight activity. In order to understand this change in behavior, the effects of population density, age, resource quality, and sex on the flight of P. t runcatus were studied in a wind tunnel. While an immediate density on the release platform had no significant effect on flight, beetles from high-density cultures were more inclined to fly than those from low-density cultures. Resource quality exerted a major influence on flight; insects in food suitable for boring and oviposition seldomly exhibited flight, however, when food was absent or of inferior quality for boring and oviposition, the dominant behavior was flight. Also, insects maintained for a week in food suitable for boring and oviposition were less ready to fly than those maintained in food unsuitable for boring and oviposition. The optimum age range for flight activity was before the peak of reproduction and insects rarely flew before 4 days or after 32 days of emergence. There were no significant differences between the flight activity of males and that of females. Based on these results, we conclude that age and resource quality are major influences on the flight activity of P. t runcatus and a hypothesis is proposed in which reproductively active male and female beetles disperse from habitats of low resource quality to those that support their reproductive behavior. The practical implications of these results and the possible role of the male-produced aggregation pheromone are discussed.


To start with, there has been a major paradigmatic shift towards the liberalisation of domestic markets and the globalisation of the world economy. This shift has taken place through a massive application of structural adjustment programs that limited the role of the state in the economy, privatised state assets and liberalized labour and product markets in most developed and developing countries and, since 1989, in the former socialist economies. While in China and Vietnam, transition reforms were implemented in a gradualist fashion, in the former Soviet Bloc they were carried out in an accelerated fashion that simultaneously entailed a swift redefinition of national borders, the introduction of new political institutions, a radical reorientation of the economy and the adaptation of a disoriented population to an entirely new way of life. Considerable, if less dramatic, liberalisation was introduced also in the labour markets of advanced economies such as Japan, South Korea and Italy that, as a result of these policies, experienced greater employment informalisation and instability, faster turnover, longer search times and a shorter duration of each employment spell. Second, the last decade witnessed also a rapid globalisation of the world economy and, in particular, an explosion of cross-border trade and financial transactions. All in all, these changes seem to have generated not only some efficiency gains but also growing instability as shown by the rise in the cases of currency, stock market and banking crises (Caprio and Klingebiel 1996).


The purpose of this article is to address the issue of the difficulties and problems faced by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In fact, SMEs are an important driver of growth in many countries, especially in developing countries. In Morocco, for example, SMEs account for over 95% of all existing businesses. Despite their importance, most of them are facing the threat of failure. So to detail this subject, we will first present the definition of SMEs adopted in Morocco, then show its importance at the national level, then focus on the origins of the constraints facing our SMEs to explain the large number companies that declare failing every year in Morocco.


The hallmark of the sociologist has been a concern with social groups and the social consequences of membership in them. Since the early part of the twentieth century a growing concern has been shown in understanding the forces involved in the coming together of various racial or ethnic groups through the process of assimilation. In the United States this concern with assimilation has been far from merely an abstract or academic interest. 'This country was built on the foundation of a culturally and racially heterogeneous population and has been proud of declaring itself a democratic &dquo;melting pot.&dquo; Yet after 200 years as an independent nation the United States remains com-


Gynecomastia, a benign expansion of the glandular tissue in the male breast, is frequent in middle-aged and older males as well as in infancy and adolescence. Male obese patients frequently exhibit pseudogynecomastia, which is defined as fat-deposition without glandular proliferation. Its causes can be anything from uncommon neoplasms to harmless physiological processes. This systemic review aimed to examine surgical management strategies for gynecomastia. Data sources were PubMed/Medline and Embase. This review investigated English-language articles (from 2010 to 2023) according to the PRISMA guidelines. Surveys and analyses of national databases were the most widely used methods. The research identified 395 studies, out of which five were eligible for inclusion in the current analysis. Since estrogen and androgens are in balance in males, gynecomastia can be caused by any illness or medicine that raises or lowers the amount of circulating estrogen or androgen, respectively, resulting in an increase in the ratio of estrogen to androgen. Because there are so many potential causes, including neoplasms, a comprehensive history and physical examination are essential. Following the diagnosis of gynecomastia, treating the underlying cause is necessary. If underlying reason is not found then careful observation is necessary. Medical treatment might be an option if gynecomastia is severe and have started recently; if this proves unsuccessful, glandular tissue might be required to be removed surgically.


The positive integer points and integral points of elliptic curves are very important in the theory of number and arithmetic algebra, it has a wide range of applications in cryptography and other fields. There are some results of positive integer points of elliptic curve y2 = x3 + ax + b, a, b ∈ Z In 1987, D. Zagier submit the question of the integer points on y2 = x3 − 27x + 62, it count a great deal to the study of the arithmetic properties of elliptic curves. In 2009, Zhu H L and Chen J H solved the problem of the integer points on y2 = x3 − 27x + 62 by using algebraic number theory and P-adic analysis method. In 2010, By using the elementary method, Wu H M obtain all the integral points of elliptic curves y2 = x3 − 27x − 62. In 2015, Li Y Z and Cui B J solved the problem of the integer points on y2 = x3 − 21x − 90 By using the elementary method. In 2016, Guo J solved the problem of the integer points on y2 = x3 + 27x + 62 by using the elementary method. In 2017, Guo J proved that y2 = x3 − 21x + 90 has no integer points by using the elementary method. Up to now, there is no relevant conclusions on the integral points of elliptic curves y2 = x3 + 3x − 14, which is the subject of this paper. By using congruence and Legendre Symbol, it can be proved that elliptic curve y2 = x3 + 3x − 14 has only one integer point: (x, y) = (2, 0).


Objective To evaluate clinical value and security of percutaneous lung puncture biopsy guided by color Doppler ultrasound.Methods Guided by color Doppler ultrasound,the percutaneous lung biopsy were performed in 62 cases of pulmonary peripheral lesions with the United States Bard biopsy gun.The diagnostic accuracy and the incidence of complications were analyzed.Results The qualified tissue samples were obtained in all 62 cases,and the successful rate of puncture was 100%.Fifty nine of 62 cases were diagnosed conformably with a diagnosis rate of 95.2%.41 cases were with malignant lesions,18 cases with benign lesions.4 cases of complications included 2 pneumothorax,1 bloody sputum,and 1 induced bronchial asthma.Conclusion Percutaneous lung puncture biopsy guided by color Doppler ultrasound is a safe,reliable,convenient and effective diagnostic techniques with accurate positioning,high rate of diagnosis and less complications.


Interval Single Step (IS1) procedure is an interval iterative procedure for finding real zeros of polynomial simultaneously. They have since been extended to Interval Symmetric Single Step (ISS1) and Interval Double Symmetric Single Step (IDSS1). In this paper, we propose the inclusion of Newton Correction to the procedures, of which we name as Interval Single Step with Newton Correction (IS1-N), Interval Symmetric Single Step with Newton Correction (ISS1-N) and Interval Double Symmetric Single Step with Newton Correction (IDSS1-N). Convergence analysis was done and the proposed procedures were tested on 120 polynomials. The efficiency of the modified methods were compared with existing procedures in terms of number of iterations and largest final interval width. The results show that the proposed procedures perform better than the original methods.


SZALÓKI 1).: Catalogue of the Malacodennata and Heteromera of Somogy county (Coleoptera: Elateroidea (in part), Lymexyloidea, Cleroidea, Tenebrionoidea) Abstract: Now 316 species (59 Elaleroidea (in part), 1 Lymexyloidea, 68 Cleroidea, 188 Tenebrionoidea) are known in the fauna of Somogy county; it is 53 % of Hungarian fauna. The first occurrence of Pytho depressus (Linnaeus, 1767) in Hungary is reported from this region.


With the extensive inclusion of document, especially text, in the business systems, data mining does not cover the full scope of Business Intelligence. Data mining cannot deliver its impact on extracting useful details from the large collection of unstructured and semi-structured written materials based on natural languages. The most pressing issue is to draw the potential business intelligence from text. In order to gain competitive advantages for the business, it is necessary to develop the new powerful tool, text mining, to expand the scope of business intelligence. In this paper, we will work out the strong points of text mining in extracting business intelligence from huge amount of textual information sources within business systems. We will apply text mining to each stage of Business Intelligence systems to prove that text mining is the powerful tool to expand the scope of BI. After reviewing basic definitions and some related technologies, we will discuss the relationship and the benefits of these to text mining. Some examples and applications of text mining will also be given. The motivation behind is to develop new approach to effective and efficient textual information analysis. Thus we can expand the scope of Business Intelligence using the powerful tool, text mining.


The experimentation component of most Science and Engineering curricula in Nigeria is inadequate. In Obafemi Awolowo University for example, undergraduate students typically carry out around five assignments related to digital electronics, and there is no treatment whatsoever of Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs). In the research work being reported, an attempt has been made to develop a remote laboratory though which the number of digital electronics experiments students carry out can be increased. The remote laboratory, called the Advanced Digital Lab (ADLab), allows students to synthesis digital systems on an FPGA with a hardware description language. To achieve this, a development board with an Altera Cyclone II FPGA is connected to a computer implementing the server tier of the iLab batched architecture. The client through which the remote student interacts with the ADLab is implemented with Java, which allows for a reasonable amount of platform independence. This paper discusses the software and hardware aspects of the ADLab architecture and gives some insight into some design decisions. The paper also reports that the system is being tested at Obafemi Awolowo University and that student feedback so far indicates high student satisfaction with the remote laboratory.


Major and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd Co, Cr Cs, Cu Eu Fe, Hf, K, La, Lu, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Si, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, Ti, U, V, Yb and Zn) in forest soils from three acid-deposition-affected locations in southern Quebec were investigated. Total element concentrations in the surface layer (0–20 cm) of the Podzolic soils were mostly well within the range of element concentrations in Podzols reported worldwide but showed higher mean values for most elements. The mean concentrations of elements (except Zn, at 124 μg g−1) were also generally comparable to the respective elemental baseline data established for Canadian soils. Element concentrations (μg g−1) of Cs (6.2) Sc (19 8) V (106) Rb (194) K (26 500) and Al (76 900) in the surface soils were significantly higher at the 940-m elevation than the concentrations from the sites at 650 and 770 m along the Roundtop Mountain slope, but Ca (1120) and Ni (4.4) were lowest at the 940-m elevation A similar trend with elevation was not observed at t...


The world market for edible mycorrhizal mushrooms has experienced considerable growth over the past two decades with annual production estimated to exceed 14 billion USD. The market continues to grow due to interest in the nutritional and health benefits of edible mushrooms. The size of the market for speciality mushrooms has also increased and the overall market trend has been towards fresh rather than canned product. There are a number of different cultural methods in commercial use, with a wide variety of species produced on different substrates. The aim of this project was to evaluate woodchip compost as a substrate to produce edible mushrooms. Woodchip compost appears to have potential as a growing medium but more development is necessary to make this a commercial proposition. This report sets out these findings in more detail.