Abstract. Kaplansky classes emerged in the context of Enochs' solution of the Flat Cover Conjecture. Their connection to abstract model theory goes back to Baldwin et al.: a class of roots of Ext is a Kaplansky class closed under direct limits if and only if the pair is an abstract elementary class (AEC) in the sense of Shelah. We prove that this AEC has finite character in case for a class of pure-injective modules. In particular, all AECs of roots of Ext over any right noetherian right hereditary ring R have finite character (but the case of general rings remains open). If is an AEC of roots of Ext, then is known to be a covering class. However, Kaplansky classes need not even be precovering in general: We prove that the class of all ℵ1-projective modules (which is equal to the class of all flat Mittag-Leffler modules) is a Kaplansky class for any ring R, but it fails to be precovering in case R is not right perfect, the class equals the class of all flat modules and consists of modules of projective dimension . Assuming the Singular Cardinal Hypothesis, we prove that is not precovering for each countable non-right perfect ring R.


Reviews the state of the retail grocery market in Europe in 2001. Comments that although the food retailing sector is falling as a percentage of overall retail sales across Europe, this is because of greater amounts of disposable income being spent on non‐essential services and goods. Reflects on previous assertions that the arrival of Wal‐Mart in Europe would begin a wave of consolidation. Goes on to discuss the mergers that have taken place recently and also the other types of joint ventures and alliances that have emerged. Views Wal‐Mart as a potential predator in the major European markets, but also discusses the successes of other chains such as Carrefour, Ahold and Metro.


An ionic liquid/Silica sol/Nafion-Ru(bpy)2+3 modified gold electrode was prepared.The electrochemical and ECL characteristies of Ru(bpy)2+3 and levofloxacin at the modified electrode were studied,and the modified electrode exhibits good electrochemical activity and ECL response.Based on the obvious electrochemiluminescence sensitization effect of levofloxacin with Ru(bpy)2+3 in 0.1mol/L phosphate buffer,a new electrochemiluminescence method for the determination of levofloxacin hydrochloride was developed.Under the optimum condition,the calibration curve showed a good linearity with levofloxacin concentration in the range of 1.0×10-7-1.0×10-4 mol/L(r2=0.998 4) and the detection limit(S/N=3) was 1.59 ×10-9 mol/L.The RSD for 10 times determination of 2.2×10-5 mol/L levofloxacin was 3.6 %.The recoveries were in the range of 95.6%-103.5% and the RSD(n=5) was 3.0 %.The proposed method showed high selectivity,sensitivity and simplicity.This method was applied in the analysis of levofloxacin hydrochloride tablet with satisfactory results.


In recent years, $f(Q)$ gravity has enjoyed considerable attention in the literature and important results have been obtained. However, the question of how many physical degrees of freedom the theory propagates -- and how this number may depend on the form of the function $f$ -- has not been answered satisfactorily. In this article we show that a Hamiltonian analysis based on the Dirac-Bergmann algorithm -- one of the standard methods to address this type of question -- fails. We isolate the source of the failure, show that other commonly considered teleparallel theories of gravity are affected by the same problem, and we point out that the number of degrees of freedom obtained in Phys. Rev. D 106 no. 4, (2022) by K. Hu, T. Katsuragawa, and T. Qui (namely eight), based on the Dirac-Bergmann algorithm, is wrong. Using a different approach, we show that the upper bound on the degrees of freedom is seven. Finally, we propose a more promising strategy for settling this important question.


Through a wide-ranging campaign, the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) and its local agency partners have succeeded in providing comprehensive real-time travel information to the public. This program consists of en-route and pre-trip information using Variable Message Signs, Highway Advisory Radio, the Internet, broadcast radio, broadcast television, web-enabled devices, and a 511 travel advisory telephone system. These various media reach a large portion of the traveling public in the Salt Lake area, and are being deployed through a variety of public-financed projects and public-private partnerships.


Abstract One of the most fundamental properties of a proof system is analyticity, expressing the fact that a proof of a given formula F only uses subformulas of F. In sequent calculus, this property is usually proved by showing that the
$\mathsf{cut}$
 rule is admissible, i.e., the introduction of the auxiliary lemma H in the reasoning "if H follows from G and F follows from H, then F follows from G" can be eliminated. The proof of cut admissibility is usually a tedious, error-prone process through several proof transformations, thus requiring the assistance of (semi-)automatic procedures. In a previous work by Miller and Pimentel, linear logic (
$\mathsf{LL}$
 ) was used as a logical framework for establishing sufficient conditions for cut admissibility of object logical systems (OL). The OL's inference rules are specified as an
$\mathsf{LL}$
 theory and an easy-to-verify criterion sufficed to establish the cut-admissibility theorem for the OL at hand. However, there are many logical systems that cannot be adequately encoded in
$\mathsf{LL}$
 , the most symptomatic cases being sequent systems for modal logics. In this paper, we use a linear-nested sequent (
$\mathsf{LNS}$
 ) presentation of
$\mathsf{MMLL}$
 (a variant of LL with subexponentials), and show that it is possible to establish a cut-admissibility criterion for
$\mathsf{LNS}$
 systems for (classical or substructural) multimodal logics. We show that the same approach is suitable for handling the
$\mathsf{LNS}$
 system for intuitionistic logic.


In order to reveal the outstanding contribution of the skis to the ski jumping model and to further explore the influence of the edge angle of the skis on the aerodynamic characteristics of the model, the piezometer tube combined with the wind tunnel test was used for research. In the wind tunnel, a six-component balance was used to measure the aerodynamic force of the overall model, and the piezometer tube was used to obtain the aerodynamic force of the skis. The test results show that under the full conditions of the angle of attack α, the forward inclination angle β and the edge angle θ, the contribution rate of the skis to the overall lift characteristics exceeds 70%, while the contribution rate of the mannequin is less than 30%. When other parameters remain unchanged, the lift and drag area of the entire model and the skis decrease with the increase of θ, while the lift and drag area of the mannequin slightly increase with the increase of θ. This shows that the skis play a more important role in the overall lift characteristics of the system, more significant than the mannequin. In addition, the edge angle of the skis also has a certain impact on the aerodynamic characteristics of the entire model, the skis and the mannequin.


Background: Stress is a recognized cause of impaired job functioning and unproductivity in workplaces. The military environment is reported to be highly stressful. This study determined the levels of stress among Nigerian military personnel in 82 division Abakpa Cantonment, Enugu and also evaluated some stressors, as well as the coping strategies of these personnel.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study carried out between July and August 2020 among 261 Nigerian military personnel selected using a multistage sampling method. Data collection was done using a self-administered questionnaire (Perceived Stress Scale). Descriptive statistics were used for demographic variables while multiple linear regression was done to determine the influence of the independent variables (age, gender, marital status, etc.) on the dependent variable (stress). Level of significance was p < 0.05.
Results: Majority were males (80.5%) and married (78%). Mean age was 38±10 years and most (63.3%) had worked for < 20 years. About 51.0% and 1.9% had moderate and severe stress levels, respectively. The commonest perceived causes of stress included underremuneration (32.6%), undervalued (26.1%), heavy workload (18%) and harassment (18%). The commonest positive coping strategies include talking to friends and family (36.0%) and thinking of solution (23.0%) while negative coping styles were eating (9.2%) and alcohol use (6.9%).
Conclusion: More than half of the respondents had moderate level of stress. Government should ensure regular review of personnel salary structure. Also, commissioned officers should be trained in proper handling of non-commissioned officers in order to further reduce the level of stress.


Urban blight is a domino effect phenomenon: properties first fall into disrepair, then land values decline, and finally home abandonment and vacancy follows. This effect spreads from one home to another in the neighborhood, depressing values of nearby properties [8]. In partnership with the City of Cincinnati Office of Performance and Data Analytics and their Department of Buildings & Inspections, we used geographical data from the city and historical data on home inspections to train a Machine Learning model to provide proactive suggestions for property inspections targeted at catching blight early. Our best model reaches a precision of 70% for the top 6,000 predictions. This is a significant improvement over the discovery rate of the current approach, where 60% (in 2015) of citizen complaints result in the discovery of code violations. While our model can have a huge impact in tackling the blight problem, without field validation, the model can potentially have unintended consequences and ethical issues, such risks are being taken into account for the development of the project. Keywords— Social Good; Supervised Learning; Urban Blight


In this paper,the application of two kinds of non-cleaning flux i.e. low-rosin type and rosin free type suitable for electronic products is reviewed. Raw material compositions and relative production techniques of two kinds of non-cleaning flux in industry are summarized. Quality norm and concerned detection methods for non-cleaning flux are introduced. On the basis of that, the cause of the present market competition is found by analyzing marketing information.


Let φ(n) be the Eulers function and r a positive integer. Denote by E(x;r) the error term in the asymptotic formula for the sum ∑n≤x(nφ(n)) r. Two forms of mean value estimates for E(x;r) are obtained.


PRC is the most needed component for current blood transfusion. Plasma is one of the separation product of PRC from whole blood. These components are often discarded due to low plasma transfusion requirements. The residual plasma contains natural ABO agglutinins that can be utilized as polyclonal antisera in blood grouping tests. This study aims to determine the quality of pool residual plasma of PRC component as the ABO blood grouping antisera. This research uses descriptive analytic design in the form of comparative study. Samples of the test materials and the testers were obtained by purposive sampling, which consisting of each 20 units of A, B and O (positive control) plasma, and also 2 units of AB plasma (negative control) as the test materials, and each 25 of A and B fresh blood specimens as the tester materials. All of those materials should meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. According to their blood type, each of the plasma were mixed proportionaly according to its weight. Then, each pool-plasma and the commercial antisera were tested together against the same fresh blood specimens by the slide method. The degree of each agglutination was observed by 2 panelists, and then analyzed statistically by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with error rate (α) = 5%. The degree of agglutination by using the B pool-plasma against the A fresh blood was obtained in proportions of 8.0% (2+), 38.0% (3+) and 54.0% (4+) with the difference in proportion of 34.0% (3+) higher and 42.0% (4+) lower than anti-A commercial antisera. Meanwhile, by using the A pool-plasma against the B fresh blood was obtained in proportion of 18,0% (3+) and 82,0% (4+) with difference in proportion of 18,0% (3+) higher and 18,0% (4+) lower than anti-B commercial antisera. There are significant differences between the commercial antisera and the pool residual plasma as blood grouping test materials based on observation of all panelists (p value = 0.000).


Background: Patients' medication knowledge plays an essential role in the management of chronic disease conditions. Poor patient's knowledge is associated with low medication adherence, incorrect medication use, improper management of chronic disease conditions, treatment failure, and poor health-related outcomes. The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the attitudes and practices of knowledge about the prescribed medications in patients diagnosed with chronic disease conditions under chronic medication treatment in community pharmacy settings in Baghdad province, Iraq. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among 384 participants through an interview using a structured 3-parts questionnaire, consisting of 20 items assessing the demographic characteristics, attitudes, and practices of knowledge about the prescribed medications. Results: A total of 384 participants enrolled in this study. About 62.3% of the study participants reported having the previous provision of knowledge about the prescribed medications within the past 12 months. About 61.7% of the study participants reported that the physicians were the primary healthcare professional (HCP) for providing knowledge about the prescribed medications, while 43.5% stated that the medication information leaflets (MILs) were an additional source for providing knowledge about the prescribed medications. There was a difference between the HCP-based knowledge and MIL-based knowledge about the prescribed medications on various elements of medication-related information for the name of the medicine, indication or reason for medicine use, the dosage of the medicine, frequency of the medicine administration and route of medicine administration (100% vs. 43.5%), respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed acceptable attitudes and practices of knowledge about the prescribed medications in patients diagnosed with chronic disease conditions under chronic medication treatment among patients in the Iraqi community; however, there are gaps in the general knowledge about the use of MILs.


This paper will compare the performance of two solid state transformer (SST) topologies in terms of their ability to deal with load imbalance in a four wire power distribution system. The topologies studied consist of an SST with a basic three phase output stage with three separate decoupled phases, and a topology with a four leg inverter output stage. Experimental validation of the control approach for the four leg inverter has been performed. It is shown that both topologies can maintain output voltage balance in the face of significant load imbalance, although the SST with three decoupled phases is best at maintaining output voltage balance. However because of the larger number of switches used it has lower efficiency than the other topologies. The four leg inverter topology is also shown to maintain good output voltage balance while having a lower number of switches and lower loss. Hence this topology presents a better a compromise between performance and efficiency.


Water retention characteristics, rainfall, throughfall and soil water content dynamics were investigated in a low mountain area to compare a forest and a grassland. The soil water retention curve of the topsoil has similar shape in both studied areas, however that of the deeper soil layer shows more difference. We determined the precipitation depth, duration and intensity values of rainfall events. The relationship between rainfall and throughfall depth was described in linear regressions. Interception was calculated as the difference between rainfall and throughfall plus stemflow, assuming stemflow to be 3% of rainfall. Soil water content dynamics show a similar trend in the two vegetation types but the drying is more intensive in the forest in the soil layers deeper than 20 cm during the growing-season.


Objective To study the relationship between electromyogram examination in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus and its clinical relating factors. Methods Using Dantec Keypoint to measure nerve conduction velocity(NCV)and electromyography(EMG). Using BAYER 7150 Hitachi full automatic biochemical analyzer to measure blood glucose and lipids. A total of 110 type Ⅱ diabetic patients were divided into two groups as NCV-positive group and NCV-negative group according to the results of NCV. 60 normal health controls were included. Relating factors such as course of disease, age, blood glucose, blood lipids and blood pressure were contrasted in patients and controls. Results There was a significant difference of NCV between patients and controls(P0.05). An obvious difference of age and disease course was noted between NCV-positive and NCV-negative groups(P0.01, P0.001). No obvious difference of blood glucose and blood lipids level was found between the two groups. In NCV-positive group, the average value of SCV was less than the normal value. The MCV was normal and significant difference was observed between SCV and MCV(P0.05).The longer the disease course, the more obvious the changes of NCV. A close correlation was noted between the degree of sensory nerve damage and motor nerve damage. In the NCV-positive group, eight patients with abnormal EMG change were found with obvious clinical peripheral nerve symptoms.Among the 110 patients, 8(7.27%)had simple carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS). Conclusion The changes of peripheral nerve conduction velocity, amplitude, potential and EMG are correlated with the course of disease significantly. It has certain correlation with ages, but has not correlated with the level of blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure. A close correlation is noted between the degree of sensory nerve damage and motor nerve damage. The rate of CTS in patients is higher than that of average people. Electromyography examination plays an important role in the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in early stage.


【Task】 Laser digitizer system, for example, the actual visual three dimensional image of the object in the world, such as dental supplies th provided by a laser digitally. A By laser digitizer scans a plurality of portions of the object in a single exposure time, captures an image of the object.


An important ability of the auditory system is to localize sound sources in complex acoustical environments. Two important cues for localization are interaural time- and level differences (ITD, ILD). The sensitivity to these cues differs across frequency and has previously been estimated through frequency-specific detection thresholds. Detection thresholds of ITDs/ILDs are, however, affected by stimulus energy in remote spectral regions, referred to as binaural interference. In this study, the spectral weights of ITD- and ILD cues in the lateralization of a broadband signal was investigated using regression analysis. The stimuli consisted of eleven 1-ERB-wide noise bands (442 Hz-5544 Hz) containing ITD or ILD cues. In experiment 1, ITDs or ILDs were applied to the noise bands and roved independently on every trial. In experiment 2, the noise bands centred at 442 Hz and 5544 Hz were removed to investigate the effect of stimulus bandwidth. In experiment 3, the same two noise bands were present, but containe...


In this paper the continuity of the solution of the differential and algebraic Riccati equations for a continuous-time, Markovian, jump linear quadratic control problem as a function of coefficients is verified. The assumptions for this are stochastic stabilizability and observability.


The association of tall precipitation with tropical cyclone intensification may have implications for the difficult task of forecasting the destructive potential of tropical cyclones. This study uses all of the well‐centered overflights of tropical cyclones from 1998 to 2003 seen by the TRMM Precipitation Radar. The chance of intensification increases when one or more extremely tall convective towers exist in the tropical cyclone's eyewall. We define an extremely tall convective tower as a convective cell with a 20 dBZ reflectivity signal that reaches an altitude of at least 14.5 km. In addition, we adapt this radar technique for use with more plentiful infrared and passive microwave data.


A protein conjugate comprising a physiologically active polypeptide, a non-peptidic polymer and an immunoglobulin Fc fragment, wherein the non-peptidyl polymer is linked linearly at both ends with the physiologically active polypeptide and the immunoglobulin Fc fragment by a covalent bond, and wherein the non-peptidyl polymer is polyethyleneglycol.


A dual column photobioreactor (PBR) (2 × 47 L) with mixed CO₂/air bubbling was tested for cultivation of the microalga Rhodomonas salina as food for live feed copepods. In the continuous growth phase, the cell density was relatively stable at 2.40 ± 0.13 × 10⁶ cells/ml at an average dilution rate of 0.46 ± 0.02 per day throughout the 30‐day experiment. The produced algae had a high content of both total fatty acids (TFA) and free amino acids (FAA). Especially, the harvested algae contained a high proportion of poly‐unsaturated fatty acids that made up 80% of the TFA and of essential amino acids (35% of all FAA), implicating desirable components as feed for copepods. The current PBR was sufficient to feed a culture of the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa at a density of 2,500 adult/L in ca. 500 L culture with a daily yield of approximately 17 × 10⁶ eggs. To be able to sustain the integrated copepods production, the suggested volume of the algae cultures should be ca. 20% of the copepod culture volume.


The purpose of an investigation is to determine something; to find out what, why, and who. A researcher searches for something new, an advance in the field of study. A doctor determines a diagnosis, a form of investigation. A police officer, at the scene of a motor vehicle traffic crash, or a burglary, or a suspicious death similarly investigates in order to determine what happened, what laws were violated and who was responsible. All these have one thing in common—the necessity to gather facts (data), assess their relevance and integrate them into a sensible and reasonable and correct conclusion. This requires expertise.


Ameta-analysis aggregates quantitative data from multiple independent studies and subsequently applies statistics to produce an estimate of the net benefit of a common intervention. Since its inception, the validity of meta-analysis has been controversial, with some declaring it an ''exercise in mega-silliness,'' while others vigorously defend its usefulness. With such diverse views spread over multiple decades, we do not aim to resolve this debate in a relatively short editorial, but readers are left with the question of what to do with the results of a meta-analysis, such as the study published in this month's issue of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. It is widely recognized that there is a hierarchy of the conclusiveness of results based on study design, listed here from lower to higher: case report, retrospective case series, prospective observational, and randomized controlled studies, with an infinite number of variations along this continuum. Where do meta-analyses fall upon this scale? Nearly all authorities consider largeVoften termed ''mega''Vrandomized, double-masked, controlled trials as close to providing a definitive answer as is currently attainable within clinical medicine. But, if there is no such megastudy involving an intervention, what are readers to do with the data of a metaanalysis compiling the findings of multiple smaller investigations? The purpose of this editorial is to help readers answer this question for themselves (hint: there is no widely accepted, definitive answer). ''Systematic reviews'' provide an unbiased summary of the published data regarding a topic of interest and are now commonplace within anesthesia-related journals. The primary purpose of adding a meta-analysis is to calculate an effect size from the existing data to ''increase the precision of the conclusions of a review.'' But, do they? One way to answer this question is to compare the results from various meta-analyses and subsequent megaYrandomized controlled trials (RCTs) on matching topics. The results of such comparisons are varied, with some excellent correlationVdemonstrating the power of the meta-analysis to ''predict'' an accurate conclusion based on multiple small studiesVand some abysmal results, in which an earlier meta-analysis produced evidence diametrically opposite subsequent findings. Although somewhat controversial, a review found that ''the outcomes of the 12 large randomized controlled trials [RCT]I studied were not predicted accurately 35% of the time by the meta-analyses published previously on the same topics.'' As noted by Dr Jadad, ''[readers] must be aware that an inappropriate meta-analysis may result in more harm than good. In these situations, they should understand that systematic qualitative review of the literature, in its own right, is more effective to summarize the evidence than a traditional unstructured (or narrative) review or an inappropriate or misleading meta-analysis.'' That being said, we should realize that ''discrepancies between meta-analyses and large trials should be expected, given the variable characteristics and treatment responses in different persons, protocols, and populations.''


Phases or phase shifts are significant criteria in the study of oscillations or certain episodic events of the geomagnetic secular variation, like jerks. They are produced by diffusion in an electrically conducting mantle if the phenomena are moving upwards. The size of the phase shifts depends on the (modelled or real) conductivity as a function of depth between the earth surface and the core-mantle boundary, on the spectral content of the considered event or oscillation, and on the spherical-harmonics degree of the secular variation component (radial or tangential).


persons in international law, but persons, subject, because of their peculiar relations to each other, and to His Britannic Majesty, to certain restraints upon their powers of entering into agreements with other states. This con clusion is undoubtedly true in fact, but it conflicts with legal theories, and as such, comes in for a good deal of criticism. The book has two defects. It is based on a series of lectures delivered to a Continental audience, and it is too largely made up of comments upon the opinions of others. Despite these defects, it is probably the most complete study of the administrative practice of the British Dominions in external af fairs that has appeared to date. N o r m a n M a c k e n z ie .


Statistics of level spacing and magnetization are studied for the phase diagram of the integer quantum Hall effect in a 2D finite lattice model with Anderson disorder.


The utility model relates to a modified atmosphere packaging machine, which improves and completes modified atmosphere packaging, can realize precise air distribution, and belongs to the field of agricultural product and food packaging machines. The utility model aims to provide a full-displacement type ventilation structure, which can continuously finish extracting, filing and hot-seal cutting operations and can greatly improve the gas displacement rate. The modified atmosphere package machine comprises a full-displacement type packaging machine including a vacuum chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber consists of a vacuum cover and a lower die, the vacuum cover is provided therein with an upper die, a cutter, a guide column, a spring and a press die frame, the spring is sleeved on the guide column, the press die frame is connected with an air cylinder, an upper top plate is arranged between the vacuum cover and the air cylinder and is provided with an upper air extracting and filling pipe joint, and a lower air extracting and filling pipe joint is arranged on the lower die. The modified atmosphere packaging machine disclosed by the utility model can ensure the air distribution precision, can also cool down foods and improve the fresh-preservation effect, and can largely improve the production efficiency.


We study recursion relations among the amplitudes which involve discrete states in c=1 Liouville gravity on the sphere. We find that the spin J=1/2 discrete state gives rise to the L−1 type recursion relation. Multiple point correlation functions are determined recursively from fewer point functions by this recursion relation. We further point out that the analogs of J=1/2 state exist in c<1 theories coupled to 2D gravity and they also lead to the L−1 type recursion relation.


Chest CT scans allow radiologists to obtain a more detailed and thorough image compared to chest x-rays; therefore, chest CT scans frequently detect small suspicious non-urgent indeterminate pulmonary nodules. The goals of managing suspicious nonurgent indeterminate pulmonary nodules are early cancer detection, avoidance of unnecessary procedures for benign nodules, and efficient economic use of resources in distinguishing between benign and malignant nodules. The interpretation of these small suspicious non-urgent indeterminate nodules can vary. One reason that there may be variability in the interpretation of chest CT scan results is prior exposure to fungal lung infection causing spores such as histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis. This


This paper investigates the determinants ofthe spreads on Jamaica j' sovereign bonds for the period 1998-2004. It assesses, inter alia, the relative significance of the fiscal deficit and the interest rate on the ten-year US Treasury bond for the time path of the spread. The paper finds that the behaviour of Jamaica \. sovereign spreads is largely influenced by sentiments about the emerging markets, but there seems to be considerable inertia in the US-dollar denominated spreads. To the extent that Jamaican investors are the main holders of the US-dollar denominated bonds, "brand loyalty" may induce them 10 react less noticeably 10 adverse news. By contrast, the Euro-denominated spreads react more noticeably to domestic macroeconomic fundamentals. The behaviour of the Euro denominated spreads to changes in sentiments about emerging market debt suggests that these bonds are "home ports" for investors. The primary balance was found to possess some significant explanatory power for the US-dollar denominated bond spreads, while the fiscal deficit was significant for the Euro-denominated bond spreads, albeit with a lag.


Acute leukemia is a generic term representing a L variety of closely related diseases characterized by abnormal proportions of immature hematopoietic cells, often with abnormal morphological features. These diseases in their untreated state eventually prove lethal, nearly always within one year. Their cause or causes are unknown, and form the basis for a vast spectrum of fundamental research. The treatment of acute leukemia can be divided into approximately three historical stages: (1) before 1947, the era of despair with no effective treatment, (2) from 1947 to 1963, the advent of chemotherapy, and with the failure to find a curative drug, the era of palliation, and (3) since 1963, when induction therapies, complementary treatments including consolidation, intensification, maintenance, and inducer dosing, the multiple combinations of drugs, the appearance of new chemotherapeutic agents, and the beginnings of successful immunotherapy have made palliation alone too mean a goal. Chemotherapeutic cure is now a


The Fokker-Planck equations describe time evolution of probability densities of stochastic dynamical systems and are thus widely used to quantify random phenomena such as uncertainty propagation. For dynamical systems driven by non-Gaussian Levy processes, however, it is difficult to obtain explicit forms of Fokker-Planck equations, because the adjoint operators of the associated infinitesimal generators usually do not have exact formulation. In the present paper, Fokker-Planck equations are derived for nonlinear stochastic differential equations with non-Gaussian Levy processes. A few examples are presented to illustrate the method.


GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN BILINGUAL MATHEMATICS
MEDIA FOR GRADE EIGHT STUDENTS DEVELOPED BY THE
DIRECTORATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL,
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF MANAGEMENT OF BASIC AND
JUNIOR EDUCATION, MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
AND CULTURE
By
Berlian Adityas Utami
05202241056
ABSTRACT
This research revealed the grammatical errors found in bilingual
mathematics media developed by The Directorate of Development of Junior High
School, Directorate General of Management of Basic And Junior Education,
Ministry of National Education and Culture. It focused on: 1) the classifications of
errors found in the media; 2) the causes of errors found in the media; and 3) the
corrections of the errors found in the media.
This research used both qualitative and quantitative methods in analyzing
the qualitative data. The data were sentences taken from the media. The data were
analyzed to classify the types of errors, determine the causes of errors, and correct
the errors found.
The findings of this research were 1) The errors in the media were
classified into omission overt error in: morphology, lexicon, and syntax; addition
overt error in: morphology, lexicon, and syntax; selection overt error in
morphology, lexicon, and syntax; ordering overt error in morphology, lexicon,
and syntax; omission covert error in morphology and lexicon; addition covert
error in morphology, lexicon, and syntax; selection covert error in lexicon and
syntax; ordering covert error in morphology, lexicon, and syntax; 2) The causes of
the errors were interlingual transfer, intralingual transfer, cognitive and
personality style, and language switch; and 3) Some corrections were needed for
the types of errors found; Omission errors needed addition of missing elements,
addition errors needed elimination of unnecessary items, selection errors needed
correct selection of the incorrect elements, and ordering errors needed the
elements to be re-ordered and or revised. Errors caused by intralingual needed to
be translated into Bahasa Indonesia before correction, errors caused by
interlingual needed to be corrected using the correct grammar rule, errors caused
by cognitive and personality syle needed to be checked, and errors caused by
language switch needed to be translated into English.
Key words: Grammatical Error, Error Analysis, Bilingual media


This is the project website for the National Information Standards Organization (NISO) Standards Committee AV on developing a U.S. national Z39.50 profile for library applications. It contains project documentation, committee member information, and additional resources.


This bachelorthesis is about the search for a resonant, lepton number violating decay of a tau sneutrino into the μτ final state. Only tau leptons which decay hadronically are taken into account. This is done using 2015 CMS data with a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 2.7 fb−1. Different types of tau discriminators are studied and various kinematic cuts are applied to optimize the signal to background ratio. As there is no sign for non standard model processes in the final invariant μτ -mass distribution, a limit on the tau sneutrino mass is calculated.


Nowadays football has evolved into a popular sport as well as being an entertainment that can be enjoyed by anyone in the world. Football development in the world can not be separated from the support of existing clubs, through competition is always held each year. Not only competitive action is required in improving the quality of the team, but also the existence of a football facility in this regard is the stadium becomes absolutely necessary. The existence of a football stadium as container activities should be supported with decent facilities according to the standards required by a stadiums building, both nationally and even internationally. This stadium will be expected to meet the demands of modern football that requires appropriate facilities to support industry standards and the existence of complementary facilities, as well as another attraction for the stadium later. The architectural design of the football stadium planning and design is based on the suppression of interesting aspects of the structure. The stadium is expected to bring an element of building beauty by exposes of the building with the existing structure aspect, so that the stadium has the aesthetic appearance of the building while still having sturdy construction.


ABSTRACT Erwinia amylovora causes the economically important disease fire blight that affects rosaceous plants, especially pear and apple. Here we report the complete genome sequence and annotation of strain ATCC 49946. The analysis of the sequence and its comparison with sequenced genomes of closely related enterobacteria revealed signs of pathoadaptation to rosaceous hosts.


Variational method was used to construct the method to demonstrate integral inequality including function derivate and to generalize Hilbert inequality and Opial inequality.We obtained the optimal constant of the following inequalities∫Ω∫ΩF(x,y)f(x)g(y)dxdy≤C1/2, C1∫Ω p(x)[Dαf(x)]2dx≤∫Ω∫ΩF(x,y)f(x)Dαf(y)dxdy≤C2∫Ω p(x)[Dαf(x)]2dx,where F,p are positive definite functions.


Johnny (a pseudonym) was able to decode the words in the poem, "Democracy." When asked to summarize the poem, Johnny responded, "I don't know what it was about." This is a common scenario in classrooms. Students are able to identify words automatically but are unable to discuss the meaning of the words. Decoding is a component of the reading process, but in order to become a reader, one must be able to both decode and understand the words on the page as defined by the National Reading Panel, are the words we must know to communicate effectively (LINCS, 2010). are four types of vocabulary: listening (words we can hear and understand), speaking (words we use when we speak), reading (words we can identify and understand when we read) and writing (the words we use in writing; Reutzel & Cooter, 2009). As a student's vocabulary increases, the better reader he will become. There is a positive correlation between a person's vocabulary attainment and fluency, comprehension, and oral and written communication skills.


This paper presents a novel idea for detecting the Food Spoilage using low cost liquid sensors and acidity sensors and then transmitting the data through wireless communication. For the processing and transmitting of the data we use several components like the thin metal rods, thin cellophane sheets or starch sheets, Liquid sensors, IC CA3140 with its bias circuit and a symbol frequency transmitter and receiver with an interactive display unit. The main fact that makes this a novel idea is that the entire circuitry can be implemented at a very low cost and can be made available for commercial manufacturing by attaching the circuit to the containers used in the refrigerators in large catering and food processing industries. There are several other advantages in the proposed system, that a better interactive display can be added to the receiver so as to increase the user interaction and interface in the proposed system in a better manner.


The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is fre quently not confirmed at operation and some other pathology found. The symptomology of terminal regional ileitis, carcinoma of the caecum with abscess formation, acute caecal diverticulitis and pericaecal amoebic abscess may each lead to a pre-operative diagnosis of appendicitis. A further clinical condition is reported which may also simulate appendici tis


In order to understand the percolation mechanism of sand-carrying cold production in heavy oil reservoirs and to predict production performance, force-summing on reservoir rock and sand grains is analyzed, the criteria for judging matrix sand and movable sand is established. A numerical model of 3D, four phases, multicomponent percolation and a balance equation for rock unit are established and solved by using effective stress theory, mass conservation theory, virtual displacement theory and lost work equivalence principle. The establishment of this model is significant to understanding and efficient development of heavy oil reservoirs.


Hypertension contributes importantly to the loss of renal function associated with aging, the rate of deterioration of renal function in patients with chronic renal disease, and possibly, the determination of which patients with type I diabetes mellitus will fall into the group (approximately one third of the total) that develops diabetic vasculopathy including diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Effective treatment of hypertension secondary to chronic renal disease appears to slow the rate of progression to endstage renal disease (ESRD). The lesions of hypertensive arteriolosclerosis are most marked in the kidneys and are assumed to be due to the effects of hypertension on small blood vessels. The major histological changes of myointimal hyperplasia and hyaline change are preceded for many years by renal vasoconstriction. Similar lesions are seen in the renal microvasculature in progressive primary renal disease, as in chronic glomerulonephritis, and are believed to be secondary to hypertension. Sustained vasoconstriction may even lead to nephrosclerosis in normotensive patients, and both hypertension and nephrosclerosis can result from cyclosporine-induced renal vasoconstriction. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis secondary to "essential" hypertension now accounts for 28% of all ESRD in the United States and is the second most frequent cause of ESRD after diabetes. It is the most common cause of ESRD in blacks. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis is significantly more common as a cause of ESRD in blacks than in whites at all ages, but the black/white ratio is highest (approximately 20:1) between ages 25 and 45 years. There is a reasonable consensus that hypertension is more common in blacks than in whites, that more severe hypertension is even more common and occurs at a younger age, and that the risk of development of chronic renal disease and eventually ESRD is also greater in blacks.It is important to realize that the yearly incidence of ESRD is significantly greater for blacks compared with whites for all renal diseases, except for ESRD


The straw includes a tube (11) extending between a first end and a second end and has a gas-permeable plug and liquid-tight plug which is arranged in the tube (11) adjacent its first end and s' extends between a first end facing the first end of the tube (11) and a second end facing the second end of the tube (11). Said plug includes a member (14) impregnated with multivalent cations (22) at least adjacent a first end facing the second end of the tube (11). The dilution liquid medium is provided to give a mixture, under predetermined conditions, the substance (21) to liquid base. It contains alginate (23) in solution. The system includes the straw and the liquid medium.


An application retrieves a published calendar from an online calendar application. The application formats the published calendar according to user status states such as 'free' or 'busy'. The application can also alternatively assign user status information from the published calendar to user status state levels such as 'free', 'tentative', 'out of office', 'busy', and 'remotely available'. The application matches calendar owner information to a contact from a contact list of the application in order to link the formatted calendar to the contact. The application presents the linked calendar for scheduling.


Multiple bands stacked patch antenna with circular polarization for satellite communications is proposed. The antenna is composed of two stacked patches with total dimensions of 45 × 45 mm and 40 × 40 mm for the lower and upper patches, respectively, separated by FR_4 as a dielectric material. One patch is fed through Microstrip line and other is fed through two VIAs. The proposed antenna is designed using the method of moments simulator of ADS and the simulations results show good performance in satellite communications bands around 1.41 GHz, and 1.55 GHz with gain of 3.42 dBi. Circular polarization is achieved from 1.42 GHz to 1.46 GHz.


The adoption and implementation of the Advancement Via Individual Determination untracking program in the state of Kentucky illustrates the utility of viewing the "scaling up" process of educational reform within a conditional matrix. In this article, we examine the way in which the consequences of actions taken in one context become the conditions for actions taken in other contexts. When the reform process is understood as a conditional matrix, we are afforded a better opportunity to understand the complexities confronting the implementation of a successful prototype than provided by unidirectional interpretations. Some educators may initiate reform efforts, others may push or sustain them, and still others may resist or actively subvert reform efforts. This range of actions shows that the agency of educators is part of a complex dynamic, shaping and shaped by the structural and cultural features of school and society.


Union Carbide has developed and installed on-line computer systems for the daily operation of the plant maintenance and materials management function. This paper is an overview of the principal functions of the two systems and their interaction. The maintenance system, known internally as Maintenance Management Information System (MMIS), operates on a central IBM 3081 in a VM/CMS environment. The materials management system, Materials Acquisition Data Processing, Second Generation (MADP II) operates on a set of DEC VAX 11-790's and 750's which are local to the plant which they serve.


The application of composite materials in the primary structures of large aircraft fuselage is a development trend in recent years. As an indispensable structure in design and structure selection, accurate and efficient evaluation of its performance is of great significance to reduce the research cost. In this paper, the bearing capacity of stiffened curved composite panel is calculated through an improved engineering calculation method, and the effectiveness of the method is verified by test, which provides technical support for the rapidly design and selection of stiffened curved composite panels.


We present and evaluate measurement fusion and decision fusion for recognizing apnea and periodic limb movement in sleep episodes. We used an in-bed sensor system composed of an array of strain gauges to detect pressure changes corresponding to respiration and body movement. The sensor system was placed under the bed mattress during sleep and continuously recorded pressure changes. We evaluated both fusion frameworks in a study with nine adult participants that had mixed occurrences of normal sleep, apnea, and periodic limb movement. Both frameworks yielded similar recognition accuracies of 72.1<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm \sim$</tex-math></inline-formula> 12% compared to 63.7 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 17.4% for a rule-based detection reported in the literature. We concluded that the pattern recognition methods can outperform previous rule-based detection methods for classifying disordered breathing and period limb movements simultaneously.


Several mathematicians and physicists are working all over the globe to get a unified theory. However, most of them are discarding Einstein's view at the very first step of their theories. This article provides a brief non-mathematical introduction on this. Also, on the basis of Koga's theory we point out two reasons which might have caused Einstein's failure to get a unified theory.


Linear motor has been considered to be the most suitable electric machine for linear control with high speed and high precision. Thrust of linear motor is one of the important factors to specify motor performance. Maximum thrust can be obtained by increasing the magnitude of current in conductor and is relative to the sizes of conductor and magnet. However, the magnitude of current and the size of conductor have an effect on temperature of linear motor. Therefore, it is practically important to find optimum design that can effectively maximize thrust of linear motor within limited range of temperature. Finite element analysis was applied to calculate thrust and numerical solutions were compared with experiments. The temperature of the conductor was calculated from the experimentally determined thermal resistance. The ADPL of ANSYS was used for the optimum design process, which is commercial finite element analysis software. Design variables and constraints were chosen based on manufacturing feasibility and existing products. As a result, it is shown that temperature of linear motor plays an important role in determining optimum design.


To realize the rapid concentration prediction of phenolic pollutants, simultaneous prediction of phenolic pollutants in water by wavelet analysis and support vector machine (SVM) was proposed in th...


Aiming at the environment monitoring system of smart home,ZigBee ultra-low power consumption wireless sensor network node was designed. In order to test the node's data transmission in a large number of node environment,the TrueTime toolbox of the MATLAB 7.0 was used to design ZigBee wireless sensor network simulation model which included a lager number of node. The model was designed based on the actual node's parameters. The result of simulation showed that the designed node worked stably in the lager number of node environment.


With the net-flows fee partaking policy of CERNET,proxy service is the most popular method of accessing non free address in campuses.An automatic solution of proxy service in Fudan University is introduced.As proxy service management becomes a part of service desk of IT service management,a management system which integrates proxy caching service and IT service management is designed,and runs steadily in Fudan University.


516 The feedback questionnaire for collecting feedback from students regarding the introduction of aligned teaching-learning methods and assessment was prepared. Feedback from students regarding the introduction of aligned teaching-learning methods and assessment was collected after taking informed consent. Students were given the opportunity to write comments at the end of feedback questionnaire.


Self-oscillations and certain of their regularities determined by solution of a system of differential equations with variable delay argument equations that is used in considering combustion instability in combustion chambers of liquid-propellant rocket engines are modeled mathematically. Periodic solutions of the system of equations of nonstationary motion of a medium in a liquid-propellant rocket engine were obtained, with the aid of which the possibility of lowering the amplitude of the longitudinal self-oscillations of vibration combustion or their complete removal has been substantiated. Analytically determined critical time delay combustion, above which a stationary combustion becomes unstable and self-excited oscillations.


The challenges of food waste and insecurity arise in wealthy and developing nations alike, impacting millions of livelihoods. The ongoing pandemic only exacerbates the problem. A major force to combat food waste and insecurity, food rescue (FR) organizations match food donations to the non-profits that serve low-resource communities. Since they rely on external volunteers to pick up and deliver the food, some FRs use web-based mobile applications to reach the right set of volunteers. In this paper, we propose the first machine learning based model to improve volunteer engagement in the food waste and security domain. We (1) develop a recommender system to send push notifications to the most likely volunteers for each given rescue, (2) leverage a mathematical programming based approach to diversify our recommendations, and (3) propose an online algorithm to dynamically select the volunteers to notify without the knowledge of future rescues. Our recommendation system improves the hit ratio from 44% achieved by the previous method to 73%. A pilot study of our method is scheduled to take place in the near future.


Activities of photosystems I and II were compared at a saturating irradiance in air- and 5% CO2-adapted and adapting Chlamydomonas segnis at the active phase of photosynthesis during the cell cycle. PSII activity was 200% greater in air- than in 5% CO2-adapted cells, while PSI activity was similar in both types of cells and matched the level of PSII activity in air-adapted cells. As a result, air- and 5% CO2-adapted cells were characterized by low and high PSI/PSII ratios, respectively. In air-adapted cells, the greater PSII activity (rate of O2 evolved) exceeded that of photosynthetic (Ps) O2 evolution, resulting in a Ps/PSII ratio below unity. This was associated with higher levels of catalase activity, lower l-ascorbate content, and higher dehydro-l-ascorbate content than in 5% CO2-adapted cells. During adaptation to air or 5% CO2 for 6 h in light, PSI rather than PSII was sensitive to changes in the concentration of CO2, and the adapting cells acquired the characteristics of air- and 5% CO2-adapted cells as indicated by PSI/PSII, Ps/PSII, catalase activity, l-ascorbate and dehydro-l-ascorbate contents. The results are discussed in the light of changes in the molecular organization of the thylakoid membranes and enhanced non-cyclic electron transport coupled with O2-uptake (Mehler reaction) for the generation of the ATP required for CO2/HCO−3-transport in air-adapted and adapting cells.


The earliest magnetic field detectors allowed navigation over trackless oceans by sensing the Earth's magnetic poles. Magnetic field sensing has vastly expanded as industry has adapted a variety of magnetic sensors to detect the presence, strength, or direction of magnetic fields not only from the Earth, but also from permanent magnets, magnetized soft magnets, vehicle disturbances, brain wave activity, and fields generated from electric currents. Magnetic sensors can measure these properties without physical contact and have become the eyes of many industrial and navigation control systems. This paper will describe the current state of several methods of magnetic sensing and how the sensors are used—many with integrated functions. Finally, several applications will be presented for magnetic sensing in systems.


The purpose of the study is to identify problems in the legal regulation of the activities of the secondary vocational education system in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and to formulate proposals for their leveling. The subject of study is individual institutions of educational legislation in the field of secondary vocational education, the implementation of which is directly related to the activities of educational organizations in the context of countering the spread of COVID-19.The key issues of the use of e-learning and distance learning technologies, the provision of paid educational services in the changed conditions are considered; practical issues, as well as the positions on them of the federal executive authorities and judicial practice. The main problems associated with the legal regulation of the education system in a pandemic are presented.Conclusions are made about the inadmissibility of giving assignments during the holidays to students; that the use of e-learning and distance learning technologies does not change the form of education, while maintaining the volume of compulsory classes of a teacher with students; on situations of application of these technologies, requiring free provision of students with the necessary equipment; on the need to change the content of the contract for the provision of paid educational services, as well as on the inadmissibility of increasing its cost.


In this study, photoacoustic spectroscopy (p.a.s.) has been employed as a calorimetric method for the determination of the luminescent quantum efficiency (ηF) of several solid materials: 1,4-bis(4-methyl-5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzene, anthracene and eleven meso and dimeso anthracene derivatives. The technique used utilizes the phenomenon of photoacoustic saturation, in which the amplitude of the p.a. signal is independent of the absorption coefficient of the samples. Fluorescence quantum efficiency values of some anthracenes have also been determined using fluorescence measurements relative to pyrene crystals and they are shown to give results consistent with p.a. values. These data have been interpreted to estimate the relative rates of photodimerization of meso anthracenes in their crystal forms, and evidence for the existence of the 9-phenylanthracene crystal dimer is found in the p.a. spectra.


The report presents the results of Poverty Mapping Analysis for Pakistan with the help of Geographical Information System (GIS) under the project titled RETA 6073 undertaken in various countries like China, Philippines, Indonesia, and Pakistan. The Poverty Mapping GIS has been developed using two data sets namely Pakistan Socio Economic Survey 2001 and Population Census 1998. Therefore, two sets of maps are presented using predictors from the above mentioned datasets. The objective is to map poverty incidence and its indicators at district level to compare the similarities and differences between the two datasets. The indicators are: family size, dependency ratio (young, old and total), population density, literacy, formal education, work status, occupational and industrial choice, access to credit, region (urban/rural), asset ownership, housing quality, and access to facilities like water, electricity, gas and sanitation.


IT is now realized that cardiac infarction has much more than a pathological interest, since many patients recover from the immediate attack andf live even for years afterwards. We have met to discuss especially the clinical features of the condition. I shall say a few words about the typical attack, some variations from it, the underlying arterio-sclerosis, and its relation to angina pectoris; and Dr. Bedford, with whom I have collaborated, will speak on the pathology and the electrocardiographic changes. In the typical attack a man, aged over 45, is seized, while at rest or during accustomed exertion, with a rapidly developing pain in the chest. The pain almost always includes the region of the sternum and becomes intense within a few minutes. It is of a dull, heavy character, less often of a constricting type. It usually extends into the arms, almost as often into the right as the left, or it may be into both; sometimes it extends into the neck or jaw, and commonly into the back. Another special feature is its duration; instead of being limited to a minute or two, it continues for hours-in the worst cases even for from one to two davs. The effects of this severe pain are quickly shown by shock; the patient sweats and often vomits during the course, if not at the onset, of the pain. He is pale rather than cyanosed, and may wish to move about owing to the intensity and persistence of the pain. In the severest cases the pain becomes intolerable and the patient dies within a few hours. The possibility of sudden death is, indeed, present at any stage of the illness. As a rule, the rate of the pulse is moderately increased, but in a few cases there is either bradycardia or a normal rate of pulse, which is misleading in regard to the source of the dramatic attack. The temperature is moost important in diagnosis; usually it falls during the attack, to rise during the succeeding days, though not to any great height. The blood-pressure is commonly reduced, sometimes strikingly so, falling below 100 mgm. systolic. A pericardial rub is heard in a proportion of cases, but usually too late to be of high value in diagnosis, which should be made before the rub appears; if it is heard, the diagnosis is settled. Leucocytosis is an interesting sequel, but it succeeds rather than accompanies the attack proper. The common complications of an attack of cardiac infarction are three. Heart failure of the ordinary type may result, and some degree of it may be present in a well-developed attack, so that dyspncea is associated with pain, an association not expected in an ordinary anginal attack. Sudden death may take place at any time. The third common complication is embolism, which occurs in about 10 per cent. in the days or weeks following the attack. Emboli may move to the lungs, or to any part of the body. Though this is the type of case now easily recognized, our interest to-night is largelv in those manifestations of cardiac infarction which have not been so exactly described. Those who have written have been scrupulous in establishing the diagnosis, because it was relatively novel, hence minor or complicated cases have


(2004). The EU constitutional treaty: How to deal with the ratification bottleneck. The International Spectator: Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 7-24.


This International evidence-based nomenclature and classification consensus on the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy recognizes 3 types of bicuspid aortic valve: 1. Fused type, with 3 phenotypes: right-left cusp fusion, right-non cusp fusion and left-non cusp fusion; 2. 2-sinus type with 2 phenotypes: Latero-lateral and antero-posterior; and 3. Partial-fusion or forme fruste. This consensus recognizes 3 bicuspid-aortopathy types: 1. Ascending phenotype; root phenotype; and 3. extended phenotypes.


ABSTRACT Performance indicators have both technical and value dimensions, capable of providing data for monitoring and reporting in addition to framing policy problems and their solutions. This paper considers the performance indicators proposed in a recent child protection inquiry in Australia that recommended 'decreasing the numbers of children in the child protection system' as a primary policy objective. The paper examines the context in which the indicators were set, the values and theories they endorse, and how they position stakeholders. The analysis shows how the indicators communicate that child protection services should be only for the most serious cases of child maltreatment, and the reach of statutory services should be curtailed. Children who have been maltreated or who are at risk of harm from abuse or neglect should be diverted from the child protection system (positioned as bad) to the family support system (positioned as good), and at the same time from the state to the nongovernment sector. The shifting relations between government, service providers, and families signified by the indicators can be seen in a broader international context of tightening the boundaries around child protection and concurrently advancing concepts of compliance within family support.


Single-crystal nanosheets of BiOCl with preferentially exposed {001} and {010} facets were synthesized, and their third-order nonlinear optical performances were evaluated by Z-scan measurements. Both BiOCl{001} and BiOCl{010} exhibit reverse saturable absorption, with an effective nonlinear absorption coefficient of (8.17 ± 1.13) × 10−4 cm GM−1 for BiOCl{001} and (11.53 ± 1.30) × 10−4 cm GM−1 for BiOCl{010}. According to the measurements of photoluminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance, excited-state absorption is found to prevail over two-photon absorption during the nonlinear optical process, and the facet-dependent response of BiOCl nanosheets is attributed to the localization of excited carriers correlated with the defect density and size of the atomic slab.


The details of crystallization process during the self-catalyzed AIIIBV nanowires growth was analyzed using Monte Carlo simulation. It was found that a new bilayer nucleation occurs earlier than the arsenic concentration reaches its maximum, and the complete bilayer formation does not synchronize with the concentration minimum. Such time shift is explained by the dependence of crystallization intensity on the step length of the growing island of a new layer at the drop-crystal interface: during the facet growth of a limited size the growing island perimeter changes in time nonmonotonically.


A method for controlling the porous structure and the tissue engineering nanofiber supporter manufactured by using the same are provided, which enables the porosity which is similar to the extracellular matrix of the nature. A method for controlling the porous structure of the tissue engineering nanofiber supporter comprises: a step(S100) for preparing a mixture including the particle for the void formation and the nanofiber spreader solution; a step(S110) for preparing the nanofiber foam including the particle for the void formation using the prepared mixture; and a step(S120) for forming the nanofiber supporter in which the air gap is formed by removing the particle for the void formation of the nanofiber form.


Glutathione (GSH), a non-protein molecule containing thiol groups affects plant growth and development. In this study, the effects of GSH on Zn-induced corn production were evaluated. Different Zn concentrations (0, 0.2, 1.5, and 3.0 ppm of Zn), with or without 100 μm of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), were arranged as a completely randomized design with 5 replications. Results show that neither NAC nor Zn affects plant height or leaf numbers. The treatment with NAC did not increase Zn-induced relative water content in leaves while enhancing Zn-induced photosynthesis rate (Pn) and photosynthetically active radiation. Zn-induced chlorophyll (Chl) contents and Chl fluorescence (Fm) were increased by the NAC treatment. In addition, corn showed an improve yield and cob length in NAC-treated plants in the presence of Zn. Taken together, this study suggests that NAC might improve some physiological functions to enhance Zn-induced corn production.


Dear Editor, Next-generation sequencing revealed that the majority of the human genome is transcribed but has no coding function. It is estimated that .30000 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed in humans, but their functions are largely unknown (Suckau et al., 2009; Rinn and Chang, 2012; Poller et al., 2013). Consideration of noncoding genomic elements in pathogenetic studies is warranted and enabled by technological advances allowing comprehensive transcriptome mapping of protein-coding genes as well as small and long ncRNAs. We searched for lncRNAs influencing antiviral capacity in patients with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) cardiomyopathy (Kuhl et al., 2012) and assign here immunoregulatory functions to the lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) anditsenzymaticprocessingproductMALAT1associated small cytoplasmic RNA (mascRNA). Some lncRNAs undergo complex posttranscriptional processing (Wilusz et al., 2008; Kuhn et al., 2015). The MALAT1-mascRNA system is particularly interesting in this regard, since the 7-kb primary transcript localizes to the nucleus (Tripathi et al., 2010), whereas the small MALAT1-derived mascRNA is found exclusively in the cytoplasm. MALAT1 has not previously been studied in the context of infectious or immunological diseases, but it is highly expressed in tumors and associated with metastasis (Nakagawa et al., 2012). Recent studies additionally report that MALAT1 regulates endothelial cell functions and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo (Michalik et al., 2014). For the first time, our new data now indicate that the MALAT1-mascRNA system has important immunoregulatory functions as well. Moreover, we document regulatory and functional dichotomy in the MALAT1mascRNA system, which may also exist in other lncRNAsystemsanddeservesfurtherattention when possible pathogenic relevance of lncRNAs is addressed. First, we compared myocardial transcriptomes in two groups of CVB3 cardiomyopathy patients, one of which eliminated CVB3 spontaneously (Cox-ELIM), whereas the other showed CVB3 persistence and clinical deterioration (Cox-PERS). At initial presentation, when transcriptomes were determined without knowledge of subsequent course, there was no significant difference in clinical parameters between these groups. Initial transcriptomes showed a relatively small number of transcripts differing between Cox-ELIM and Cox-PERS hearts. lncRNAs MALAT1 and nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) were the most strongly deregulated transcripts (Supplementary Figure S1 and Table S1). Second, we characterized expression levels of MALAT1 and NEAT1 and their processing products mascRNA and menRNA in human organs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Considering the highly stable tRNA-like structure of mascRNA and menRNA, we used northern blot analysis for its quantification and characterization including the detection of the different isoforms of mascRNA with or without CCA trinucleotide tail. Whereas the major transcripts of MALAT1 ( 7 kb) and NEAT1 ( 23 kb isoform) were highly abundant in all tissues and cell types studied (Figure 1A), high levels of mascRNA (Figure 1B) but not menRNA (Imamura et al., 2014) (Supplementary Figure S2A) were detected only in circulating human PBMCs. Analysis of CD3+, CD56+, CD19+, and CD14+ subpopulations showed that CD14+ monocytic cells express particularly high levels of mascRNA (Figure 1C). Figure 1D shows strong upregulation of mascRNA by PMA in THP-1 cells, which is not observed upon CVB3 infection of cardiomyocytes (Supplementary Figure S4D) or hypoxia in endothelial cells (Supplementary Figure S7A). These experiments are first evidence for regulatory dichotomy between the strictly nuclear MALAT1 and its cytosolic mascRNA product. mascRNA was induced by PMA in monocytes, but not by CVB3 infection of cardiomyocytes, and hypoxia left mascRNA in endothelial cells unchanged despite strong induction of the precursor MALAT1 (Supplementary Figure S7B). On the other hand, selective cytosolic mascRNA ablation caused gene expression changes distinct from those previously related to nuclear MALAT1 (Yang et al., 2011; Michalik et al., 2014). Given the obviously high evolutionary pressure towards development of the MALAT1-mascRNA and NEAT1-menRNA biosynthetic systems, it is not surprising to find such important precursor-product differences. Third, the high abundance in human circulating immune cells and induction by PMA in monocytes suggest physiological functions of mascRNA in these cells and prompted us to conduct targeted mascRNA ablation studies in monocytes (Figure 1D). These experiments were enabled by highly specific interaction of locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotide (LNA-ASO) with mascRNA, documented by northern blot analysis showing duplex formation (Figure 1D). Of note, anti-mascRNA treatment does not influence MALAT1 levels as assessed by probe MALAT1_2. mascRNA-depleted THP-1 cells had elevated levels of functionally important genes including FAS, FASLG, TNF-a, IL6, CCR5, CCR7, and CCL20 (Figure 1D). All of these influence monocyte-macrophage functions, 178 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology (2016), 8(2), 178–181 doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjw003 Published online January 27, 2016


The efficiency of a fluidized bed combustor (FBC) may be decreased when using biomass fuels. The mixing rate and the heat transfer may be decreased because of the agglomeration of the bed. The operation of the plants may manage the affections; changes in some operation parameters may conduct the facility to the proper regime. However these means incur in additional operation costs or in an increase of the energy consumption. Furthermore some biomass have shown a quite high tendency to agglomerate and even to cause a shut-down of full scale facilities. Therefore, the use of these biomass has required high operation costs and lower temperatures of operation. The research has found that the bed material influences strongly the tendency of a biomass to agglomerate. That is, the agglomeration results from the interaction of each bed and each biomass fuel in the special chemical and temperature conditions of the fluidized bed reactor. Therefore the search for new materials is a quite promising field of research that may lead to further improvements in the efficiency of the combustion of biomass fuels. The paper reviews the knowledge respect to the use of different bed materials in the FBCs. The igneous rocks are quite abundant in the earth crust and the olivine has shown a great capacity to delay the agglomeration. For this reason the study of the silicates and, concretely, the igneous rocks, may report new good bed materials and more knowledge of how the agglomeration occurs. The study of the igneous rocks and a classification of them according to the expected capacity to hinder the agglomeration is included in this study.


International customers, contact your local Sigma-Aldrich office (sigma-aldrich.com/worldwide-offices). and SUPELCO are trademarks of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, registered in the US and other countries. FLUKA is a trademark of Sigma-Aldrich GmbH, registered in the US and other countries. Material Matters is a trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. Sigma brand products are sold through Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. Purchaser must determine the suitability of the product(s) for their particular use. Additional terms and conditions may apply. Please see product information on the Sigma-Aldrich website at www.sigmaaldrich.com and/or on the reverse side of the invoice or packing slip. Introduction Welcome to the first issue of Material Matters™ for 2013 focusing on biological and medical applications of electronic and nanomaterials. Bioelectronics interfaces electronics and biology with research efforts that cross disciplines such as chemistry, biology, physics, electrical engineering, and materials science. Organic electronic and carbon nanomaterials are highly desirable for application in bioelectronics research due to their biocompatible and flexible nature. Applications include wearable electronics (e.g. sensors and actuators) and more recently implantable electronics. It is reasonable to believe that these human-friendly electronic materials will play even more important roles in our daily life, from safety, disease diagnostics, and even life-sustaining technologies. In our first article Professor George Malliaras and Professor Róisín Owens (Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, France) and their collaborators provide two examples of innovative organic bioelectronic devices: electrocorticography arrays and organic electrochemical transistors comprised of conducting polymers. Owing to the intrinsic conductivity and the conformability of polymeric molecules, both devices can be used to record subtle signals inside living cells, such as human brain and cancer cells, with enhanced diagnostic capabilities. In the second article, Professor Tsuyoshi Sekitani and Professor Takao Someya (University of Tokyo, Japan) describe the development of heat-resistant, flexible, organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) utilizing DNTT. Remarkably, the DNTT-based TFT demonstrates tolerance to harsh medical sterilization conditions, without reducing its high mobility performance. Moreover, these TFTs remain flexible enabling the design of foldable transistors for medical catheter that measures spatial distribution of pressure. Professor Sang-Yong Ju (Yonsei University, Korea) in our third article reviews recent methodological advances in purifying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) according to their physical properties. Cutting-edge biological applications such as bioimaging, drug/gene delivery, and cancer therapy using these well sorted CNTs with defined structure, electronic type, chirality, length and handedness are also described. It is anticipated that CNTs will find extensive utility in bioelectronics devices and other biomedical applications. …


Novels are considered as social culture documents because they are able to reflect the culture of life of Malaysian society. Generally, culture is a way of life or practical life of a society. The person who appears in the novel is an expression of a human in reality. The actions of a person in a novel are an expression of actions of a human in reality. Thoughts, feelings and actions in a decision made for a specific situation is the actual expression from the reality of a society. As a novel which is a reflection from the world, we can see various culture of life of the Malaysian society from the social, economy and political aspects. Among them, they are very united although they are of various races with different culture of life. These elements of culture enable the three major races in Malaysia, the Malays, Indians and Chinese, to live in peace and harmony.


Although accession to the European Union created some expectations of change, an examination of party politics in the new member states of Central and Eastern Europe between 2004 and 2008 indicates that EU membership had only a limited impact on party organization and programmes across the region. Nonetheless, in the realm of party politics the EU acted as a constraint, a source of spill-over and a point of reference.


Background: Millions of people have at least one tattoo. Complex and light absorbing molecules are implanted in the skin. When tattooed skin receives UV radiation or natural sunlight, photochemical cleavage of the pigments may occur. As a first step, we dissolved pigments in a suitable solvent and analyzed them after light irradiation.


The determination of the enantiomeric purity of chiral drug molecules is an important task involving rigorous regulatory demands in the pharmaceutical industry. Besides chiral HPLC and CE, NMR spectroscopy is a widely applied method for this purpose. It is commonly held that in order to separate the NMR signals of enantiomers so that they can be individually integrated, diastereomeric complexes must be formed by using "chiral solvating agents". In reality, enantiomers with functional groups for non-covalent interactions may undergo intermolecular self-association in sufficiently concentrated solutions, as a result of which transient diastereomeric homoand heterochiral associates are formed. In a nonracemic mixture of the enantiomers, the ensuing equilibria involving the various monomers and associates becomes asymmetric for the two enantiomers, which will thereby exhibit distinct NMR signals. This phenomenon, called Self-Induced Recognition of Enantiomers (SIRE), is less well known, although it potentially offers a simple method for enantiomeric ratio measurements [1].


Liberal arts laboratory to cultivate the arts talent accomplishment ability has very big stimulative effect.Scientific and rational construction of Laboratory of liberal arts has great significance.The article from the necessity of the construction of Laboratory of liberal arts,liberal arts laboratory analysis of the present situation,carries out thinking and discussion on the renewal of the conception,experimental teaching system,evaluation mechanism,laboratory team,equipment utilization rate,rules and regulations of construction measures.


A status analysis pinpoints certain issues in the link-up between graduate professional degree education and vocational qualification certification.A discussion is presented for effective link-up between them through the expansion of disciplinary scopes,collaboration of various management systems and improvement of testing mechanisms.


Problems associated with synthetic pesticides have necessitated the search for an alternative pest control method. The effect of six coloured polyethylene films on Tribolium castaneum infestation on stored chips was studied in the Laboratory, from February to May, 2012. Three Musa spp (Agbagba, Obino'l ewai and cooking banana) were used. Dried chips (20 g) of each Musa spp were weighed into six different coloured perforated polyethylene bags (blue, red, yellow, green, black, and transparent) after further drying to constant moisture content in the oven. Ten adult beetles, comprising 5 males and 5 females were introduced into each bag tightly closed using rubber band. The experiment was a 6 × 3 factorial (6 colours polyethylene films by 3 Musa spp) laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that there were significant differences amongst the three Musa species on the survival, progeny production and damage caused by T. castaneum. Survival counts of adult T. castaneum on chips stored in various coloured polyethylene bags within the period of 21 days did not differ significantly from one another. Generally all the coloured films reduced the abundance of T. castaneum on chips more than the colourless (transparent) films. Red coloured polybags significantly reduced beetles infestations and retained the highest weight of chips up to three months after infestation. Damage on chips stored in red coloured bags was significantly lower than those of yellow, green and transparent colours but did not differ with those of blue and black. Chips stored in transparent bags had the highest number of beetles and sustained the highest damage than other coloured polybags.


Mouse immune ascitic fluid has become a primary source of antibody for diagnostic, reference, and research work in many virus laboratories. The inherent disadvantage of ascitic fluid is that it repeatedly forms clots and subsequently loses volume. The acid-precipitation method of Chiewsilp and McCown eliminates the clot formation and does not appreciably alter the antibody titers for several arboviruses, varicella, rabies and influenza viruses.


Growths of linearly-graded staggered InGaN quantum wells light-emitting diodes are performed, and the use of this novel active region leads to 2.5-3.5 times increase in output power.


A great deal of attention has been focused on the receptor-associated prorenin system triggered by binding of prorenin to the prorenin receptor.1 Recent studies have demonstrated that the receptor-associated prorenin system contributes to the pathogenesis of end-organ damage in hypertension2 and diabetes mellitus3 and consists of 2 major pathways: conversion of prorenin to an active form by a conformational change, that …


This multimodal imaging study used magnetoencephalography, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to identify and contrast the multiple physiological mechanisms associated with auditory processing efficiency in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Efficient transmission of auditory input between the ear and auditory cortex is necessary for rapid encoding of auditory sensory information. It was hypothesized that the M50 auditory evoked response latency would be modulated by white matter microstructure (indexed by diffusion MRI) and by tonic inhibition (indexed by GABA MRS). Participants were 77 children diagnosed with ASD and 40 TD controls aged 7–17 years. A model of M50 latency with auditory radiation fractional anisotropy and age as independent variables was able to predict 52% of M50 latency variance in TD children, but only 12% of variance in ASD. The ASD group exhibited altered patterns of M50 latency modulation characterized by both higher variance and deviation from the expected structure–function relationship established with the TD group. The TD M50 latency model was used to identify a subpopulation of ASD who are significant "outliers" to the TD model. The ASD outlier group exhibited unexpectedly long M50 latencies in conjunction with significantly lower GABA levels. These findings indicate the dependence of electrophysiologic sensory response latency on underlying microstructure (white matter) and neurochemistry (synaptic activity). This study demonstrates the use of biologically based measures to stratify ASD according to their brain‐level "building blocks" as an alternative to their behavioral phenotype.


The correlation of browning index (BI) to decay parameters was determined using total soluble solid content (TSS), ethanol and ethanol/TSS ratio. Longan fruits were harvested traditionally and compared with precooling technique. It was found that longan fruit, harvested without cooling, exhibited better colour retention, and less off-flavour production. All parameters except TSS gave a good correlation with storage time. The relations of BI to ethanol and ethanol/TSS were also observed and high regression coefficients were also found (R2>0.80). The data all fitted well with linear regressions, thus giving the model to predict storage time of the longan fruit after harvest as: (D=2.14x-0.6, R2= 0.75) where x = BI×(E/T).


AbstractThis study presents monthly trends in the cold-point tropopause (CPT), calculated using three decades of radiosonde data from 1981 to 2010 over Taipei, Taiwan (25°01′N, 121°27′E). Multivariate regression analysis has been used to suppress the effect of natural variations, such as quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), ENSO, solar cycle, and volcanic eruptions. From the continuous time series, statistically insignificant heating and a decrease in the height of CPT are observed. However, the trends estimated using individual monthly time series revealed new features with statistically significant increasing trends in CPT temperature at a rate of approximately 0.03°C yr−1 and statistically significant decreasing trends in CPT height at a rate of approximately 4.7 m yr−1 during summer months. An enhanced heating rate in the upper troposphere along with a suppressed cooling rate in the lower stratosphere observed over Taipei might have caused the tropopause heating trend during summer. The possible relation...


We have designed a system which acts as power saver cum temperature display. It provides power to the fan and works only when somebody is in the room. In the absence of persons in the room, power is turned off and fan stops rotating. In addition, when somebody is in the room it will display the temperature and set the fan speed based on the temperature. The higher the temperature the higher the speed of the fan. The study details the design procedure along with construction and test information. A block of the entire power saver has been done. The block shows connections of the different modules. PCB design and testing of the entire system is analyzed.


Owing to the proliferation of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies which is being watched as a core technology of ubiquitous computing, applications which offer convenience to people using RFID technologies are more and more increased. To easily develop these applications, a middleware system which acts as a bridge between RFID hardware and application is essential. In this paper, we propose a novel XML-based RFID middleware system called UbiCore (Ubiquitous Core). UbiCore has following features: First, UbiCore employs its own query language called XQueryStream (XQuery for Stream Data) which is originated from XQuery. Second, UbiCore has the preprocessing phase called pre-filtering prior to query evaluation and reuses the intermediate result of previous evaluation to speed up the processing of RFID tag data stream. Third, UbiCore supports query on both continuously generated stream data and archived historical data. And last, UbiCore offers a distinct markup language called Context-driven Service Markup Language (CSML) to easily specify the linking information between context and service.


The object of research of this article is the types of dialogic connections that arise between speech genres inserted into the structure of a literary text, between genres and the text of a novel, between inserted genres and existing texts.
Investigated problem: This study covers several levels. Firstly, the mechanisms of artistic communication, during which the author, with the help of the speech genres present in the text, can give the reader implicit information and activate the latter's participation in the perception of the text of the novel. Secondly, the concept of intertextual relations is expanded, in the case when we consider the inserted speech genre as an independent text. Thirdly, the studied dialogic connections can be extended to other areas of communication: advertising, political, Internet communication, etc.
Main results scientific: The article is the result of the application of the theory of speech genres by M. Bakhtin to the analysis of the structure of a literary text, leading to further development of the concepts of dialogism and intertextuality.
Area of practical implementation of the research results. Intertextuality is one of the main means of creating pragmatic influence in both commercial and political advertising, media and political discourse. Moreover, it can already be argued that with the advent of the latest information technologies, society is moving from intertext to hypertext, which is typical for communication in almost all areas, since they are mediated in one way or another by computer technologies. It is this fact that explains the necessity and necessity of studying the problem of dialogism and intertextuality


With the increase in the number of senior citizens and disabled persons, there is a growing demand for human-friendly wheelchairs as mobility aids. Wheelchair is often controlled by hands via joysticks, so it is inconvenient and difficult for persons in wheelchairs to play sports. To solve this problem, this paper presents a method of motion control based on sitting postures, including direction and speed hand-free control. The high-speed analog data acquisition system provides enough information according to the sitting postures of the wheelchair users, where four force sensors are installed under the seat. The intelligent wheelchair control system will calculate gravity centre of human body and decide to move in which direction and provide proper speed to control the motors. At the same time, it shows the dynamic moving directions and creates a real time path map of the intelligent wheelchair to guide the users. This control mode will give the disabled or the wheelchair athletes more opportunities not only for sports, but also for some other everyday work. The results of experiments and simulations indicate that this intelligent wheelchair control system effectively provides mobility and autonomy to the target population.


The long tenn pulmonary outcome of prematurity relates to abnormalities associated with prematurity alone and the preterm lung's response to injury. Both of these factors are tied to growth and how neonatal events can affect pulmonary development. Our laboratory 1•2 and others, notably MacClusky et al. 3, but not all have found subtle but consistent differences in infants born preterm with and without lung disease. While infants seem to enjoy some protection against oxygen toxicity 4 compared to adults, injury to the pretenn lung can potentially affect future growth and development. Of greatest concern would be the sequelae of severe lung disease such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Given that the etiology of the disease is commonly considered to be "oxygen plus pressure plus time 5," the role of oxygen should be examined.


This paper summarizes five principal organizational models of enterprise group's HRM, which are patriarchal pattern, independence pattern, equilibrium pattern, shared pattern, broker pattern. At last, it analyses the influential factors on the selection of those models.


Paget disease of bone, characterized by increased bone turnover, is relatively common in older populations. It often is discovered incidentally at


The magnetic and superconducting properties of Ba2HoCu3O7-y are examined using a pulsed magnetic field up to 55 tesla. Magnetic Ho3+ ions in Ba2HoCu3O7-y show paramagnetic behavior. No magnetic ordering is observed down to 1.3 K. The temperature dependence of the upper critical field is measured by the magnetoresistance method. The Hc2(0) deduced from the present experiment assuming the dirty limit is 104 tesla.


MPC has been a technology enabler since 32nm technology node, and the number of mask layers receiving MPC increases as technology node advances. Model-based Mask Process Correction (MB-MPC) has evolved from correction based on short-range Gaussian to full Machine Learning (ML) based model and correction. Model-based MPC has demonstrated efficacy in reducing mask error on advanced nodes, but often requires extensive computing resource to achieve the stringent mask fidelity and Critical Dimension (CD) requirements. On the other hand, rule-based Mask Process Correction (RB-MPC) has the advantage of fast turn-around time. This paper presents an approach to rule-based MPC that seeks to extract the maximum benefits of model-based MPC. The rules cover critical geometrical 'building blocks' such as lines, contacts, line-ends, notches. Derivation of the rules is guided by a mask process model. The goal of RB-MPC is to mitigate the long runtime of MB-MPC while minimizing loss in patterning fidelity. We will describe the methodology of rule derivation, implementation, and verification of RB-MPC. The RB-MPC approach meets accuracy requirements for 32-22nm technology nodes. For more advanced technology nodes, a hybrid RB-MB-MPC recipe is proposed to achieve both high accuracy and fast runtime.


It narrates the definition of high speed machining (HSM) technology, gives the detail about the advantage of HSM. An example of HSM shows the application of die mould manufacturing. The development of HSM is prospected.


This introduction demonstrates the critical place of rage in our contemporary moment in the face of the catastrophic COVID-19 pandemic, the surge of protests against police killings and the global Movement for Black Lives, and ongoing dissent against rising authoritarianisms around the world. In her overview of the special issue, Carla Kaplan explores the rich tradition of feminist scholarship on rage from Audre Lorde to Adrienne Rich. Kaplan reflects on the essential work of Signs in this moment as a critical space for engaged feminist public scholarship in a time of protest and crisis. Sarah Haley traces how Black feminist theories of rage have been foundational to broad feminist critiques of state violence and visions for a sustainable, livable world. Yet, Haley argues, Black feminisms are too often treated as a "commodity fetish," appearing primarily as a citation rather than as a subject of extended engagement and analysis. Durba Mitra analyzes how feminist protest defines our contemporary moment, with no single origin and no end in sight. Mitra highlights the diverse modes of feminist outrage in global protests, from singing and dancing to art making, through the example of the Shaheen Bagh protests against anti-Muslim laws in India. The final section highlights the wide-ranging feminist themes linked to rage in the issue: protests in Puerto Rico, trans politics, intersex protest, sex work, carcerality, the question of white womanhood, white women's gun ownership, disability, transnational #feminisms against sexual violence and femicide in Kenya and South Africa, Black girlhood, Indigenous feminisms, and disobedient humor in the age of Trump.


This text adopt scientific method that is used extensively both at home and abroad to appraise the human heart and lungs function, selecting one's height , weight , bust , breathing capacity, heart beat and maximum oxygen absorbed as the main evaluation index. In university physical teaching, we have a education experiment of imitation boxing . The result shows: imitation boxing is a good sport to improve the function of human heart and lungs, which offers a reliable parameter for mechanism of building up body of imitation boxing.


Long Term Evolution(LTE) system carries voice business in the packet-switched domain. The voice business quality of delay and packet loss-sensitivity is difficult to be ensured. Therefore, this paper presents a voice business scheduling mechanism of Queueing Delay Aware(QDA). It determines the users' scheduling priority according to the queue length, the channel conditions, the queuing delay and business maximum permissible delay, and allocates user resources. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheduling mechanism can effectively use network resources, reduce the packet loss rate and improve user fairness under the condition that delay and system throughput meet the requirements compared with the VoIP Scheduling Model(VSM) scheduling mechanism.


Abstract The molecular weight of Penicillium chrysogenum ATP-sulfurylase (ATP-sulfate adenylyl transferase, EC 22.214.171.124) has been shown to be between 425,000 and 440,000. Other physical parameters determined were: s20,w = 13.0, Stokes' radius = 72 A, D20,w = 2.94 x 10-7 cm3·sec-1, and v = 0.733 cm3·g-1. The carboxymethylated enzyme breaks down to subunits having a molecular weight of approximately 56,000 in the presence of 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. Titration of the enzyme with 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) reveals that there are eight reactive sulfhydryl equivalents per 440,000 g. This, together with the molecular weight of the subunit and amino acid analysis, suggests that the enzyme is an octamer containing one free sulfhydryl and four disulfides per protomer. Kinetic studies have shown that the actual substrate for the reaction is the ATP-Mg2- complex and that free ATP is a competitive inhibitor with respect to both ATP-Mg2- and MoO42- (Ki = 0.6 to 1.25 mm). The Km for ATP-Mg2- at saturating MoO42- is 4.6 x 10-5 m. The Km for MoO42- at saturating ATP-Mg2- is 1.5 x 10-4 m. In the reverse direction, the Km values for adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate and PPi are 7.1 x 10-6 and 7.7 x 10-5 m, respectively. Initial velocity studies and isotope exchange experiments show that the mechanism of the reaction is of the sequential type. The enzyme is inhibited by adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (Ki = 4 x 10-5 m) and by sulfide. The inhibition by sulfide is sigmoidal. Sulfide also changes the molybdate concentration dependence from a hyperbolic to a sigmoidal form. The changes in the level of ATP-sulfurylase when mycelia are grown on different sulfur sources suggest that the synthesis of the enzyme is repressed by methionine, or some close metabolite of methionine.