One of the most effective instructional approaches in teaching Mathematics is project work, which, in an earlier paper, I connected with active learning, see Klaoudatos (1998). And this approach is going to be more interesting for the students if the project has been developed in collaboration with them. At the same time, these kinds of projects include 'dangers' for the teacher because of unexpected demands that might be found within. In this paper, I will describe such a project, which had been created in a problem solving class during the year 2000-2001 first semester. Through successive generalizations of a simple geometric task, the students developed the following problem: 'In an ABC triangle, D is a point on BC from which we construct segments that form equal angles at the sides AB, AC, at the points I, K respectively. Which is the position of D so that the length of IK will be minimum?', see figure. The problem is expressed in terms of classical Euclidean geometry so that, at first glance, there is no evidence of the hidden difficulties. The aim of the paper is twofold: first, to attract the attention of mathematics teachers and educators to the problem above, in order to be considered for project work, especially in teacher training courses. Second, to search for conditions under which the project could be effective. The presentation will consist of four parts. In the introduction I will give some necessary information about the problem, while the second part consists of the solution of the problem. In the third part I will describe, shortly, the general theoretical framework in which the project took place. In the fourth part I will describe the way the project was conducted and some observations that emerged from the implementation phase. The same part contains tentative conclusions, as the research is still in process, that give hints on the factors that affected the successful accomplishment of the project. The research showed that the main factors were the time duration of the project, the previous experiences of the students in research projects and the belief systems of the students about mathematics.


Sanctions have been referred to by the United Nations as a "tool for all seasons." They are often seen as alternative to the use of military force, aimed to control the excesses of an offender, which is usually a State government, an individual or group. Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter gives the Security Council the power to determine an action deemed to be a threat to international peace and security, while Article 39 through 43 empowers the Security Council to take either military or non-military action, in order to restore international peace and security. In view of the above provisions of the United Nations Charter, a broad and continuously growing range of situations have been determined by the Security Council as threatening or breaching international peace and security, thereby favouring the use of sanctions. The Security Council, while occasionally authorizing the use of military force has changed its strategy to employ non-military measures in order to enforce compliance with its decisions. This development facilitated the imposition of sanctions as deterrence or a tool of behaviour modification with less humanitarian consequences compared to warfare.
The thesis therefore examines this erroneous assumption that sanctions particularly economic sanctions are a humane alternative to the use of military force. The main objective of the thesis is to examine how regime related economic sanctions affects the core human rights and well-being of the civilian population of a targeted State. In doing this, the thesis investigates the impact of sanctions on the rights and well-being of Zimbabweans and Iranians. In 2001, the United States Congress passed the Zimbabwe Democracy and Economic Recovery Act (ZIDERA), imposing so called targeted sanctions on select Zimbabwean States functionaries including the President Robert Mugabe, while in 2003 the EU imposed similar sanctions, which it referred to as Restrictive Measures on Zimbabwe citing lack of transparency in the election process and lack of respect for human rights and the rule of law. Also Iran has been under stringent economic sanctions for the past 2 decades by the US, the EU and the UN for a series of issues including its nuclear program. Latest sanctions against Iran were imposed to force Tehran to forgo it nuclear program, which Western countries believe is aimed at producing weapons of mass destruction.
Although the reasons cited for imposing sanctions on both Zimbabwe and Iran makes a lot of sense in that if the goals of the sanctions are achieved, the citizens of these countries and the international community will benefit from them. In the case of Zimbabwe, the citizens will be relieved from an oppressive regime, while in the case of Iran the international community will be saved from a potential nuclear threat. However, against these salient reasons presented by the sanctioning parties, the thesis argues that economic sanctions are not a feasible conflict transformation tool owing to their humanitarian consequences. Instead of achieving their goals, they often miss the intended target and severely affect the human rights and well-being of the civilian population. Consequently, this thesis calls for substitution of the use of economic sanctions with selfless-diplomacy and the application of the moral imagination of peace when addressing international conflicts and disagreements.
Keywords: Sanctions, human rights, well-being, diplomacy, civilian population, conflict transformation


The problem of Named Entity Generation is expressed as a conditional probability model over a structured domain. By defining a factor-graph model over the mentions of a text, we obtain a compact parameterization of what is learned using the SampleRank algorithm.


By means of NMR- and EPR-spectroscopy we investigated the system benzene-sodium chloride. Using spin-echo techniques the proton relaxation time T1 of the sorbed benzene has been measured as a function of proton resonance frequency in the interval between 10 kHz and 24 MHz for different temperatures (7 °C, 25 °C, 50 °C) . The benzene content was 0.16 g/ (g adsorbent) on ground and dried sodium chloride with a specific surface area of 0.1 m2/g. The two dispersion regions near frequencies of ωI/2 π = 24 MHz and ωI/2 ηπ = 460 kHz can be explained by magnetic proton-electron- and magnetic proton-proton-interaction respectively. In agreement with EPR-mea-surements the high-frequency step gives a transverse electron spin relaxation time τS2=1.1·10-11 s of the paramagnetic impurities, while the relatively long correlation time τCA=3.5·10-7 s from the low-frequency step can be connected with the stochastic reorientation of the benzene molecules adsorbed on active centers. A rough estimation of the activation energy for τCA yields a value of 1.4 ... 2.7 kcal/mole.


Cloud computing is considered to be the most trending paradigm in an exceedingly distributed environment and it gives great potential to unravel substantial scientific issues. Cloud foundation, which was customarily constrained to single supplier server farms, is presently advancing. The greater part of the servers of the cloud server farms is so overladen because of expanding requests and diverse sorts of errands that it leads to load imbalance within the cloud setting, thus influencing the execution of the framework. Asset designation in the cloud is an NP-hard issue and numerous algorithms have been put forward to take care of this issue of asset distribution. In this study, we have addressed the problem by proposing a resource allocation strategy for finding the best-fit VM and assuring maximum resource utilization while meeting the deadline and budget constraint. The efficiency of the proposed approach has been compared with other cutting edge techniques by taking to account different performance metrics over a number of well-known scientific workflows and from the achieved outcome, it can be seen that the proposed approach performs at a superior scale than the prevailing ones.


A novel fuzzy clustering algorithm:PFCM was proposed based on the fusion of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM).The conventional FCM has the two drawbacks of sensitivity to initialization and easily being trapped into local optima,due to the gradient descent approach used.With the features of global optimization and fast convergence,the hybrid algorithm presented can overcome these shortcomings and yield the optimal clustering performance.The new data clustering technique provided was also applied in the vibration fault diagnosis of steam turbine.Computer simulations demonstrate that compared with FCM,the proposed PFCM has a superior fault diagnosis capability.


The growth of credit-bearing distance learning offerings and enrollments at accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities has been astonishing in the last few years. This growth raises the demand for reliable information about quality. According to Kess et al. (2002), quality in education should not be forced into one single definition, but rather a collection of smaller elements, processes, which contribute to education quality in different dimensions. These elements, when chained together, constitute the overall quality in training, and the improvement of quality is achieved through simultaneous action on all these levels. Furthermore, accreditation and quality assessment in education should not be considered as separate systems. They are an integral part of the continuous quality improvement context on the road to total quality. In this chapter we will discuss the approach adopted for ensuring the quality of the MODASPECTRA (MOtor Disability Assessment SPEcialists' TRAining) Web-based degree: a research and technology development project funded by the European Union. More in detail, the procedures enacted for ensuring the 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey PA 17033-1117, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.irm-press.com IRM PRESS This chapter appears in the book, Virtual Education: Cases in Learning & Teaching Technologies by Fawzi Albalooshi. Copyright © 2003, IRM Press, an imprint of Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. Quality Assurance Issues for a Web-Based Degree 35 Copyright © 2003, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. quality of contents and the quality of the software tools developed, and of their documentation, will be discussed. INTRODUCTION The growth of credit-bearing distance learning offerings and enrollments at accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities has been astonishing in the last few years. According to Eaton (2001), "During the academic year 1997-98, approximately 1.6 million students were enrolled in credit-bearing distance learning courses (whether electronic, television-based, or printand mail-based, and including both synchronous and asynchronous instruction) in degree-granting post-secondary colleges and universities in the United States. That year, 54,000 college-level creditbearing distance-learning courses were offered in 1,680 institutions. Thirty-five states currently operate virtual universities or participate in a regional virtual university, typically created by existing degree-granting colleges and universities." Klaus (2002) reports about a comprehensive funding program launched by the German government regarding the promotion of new media in education. Federal funds up to the amount of 175 million euro, corresponding to about a hundred euro for each student in the country, have been allotted for the program covering the period from 2000 to 2004. The objective is "to develop a new quality of Web-based training arrangements with digital content using the potential of multimedia technology." A similar program, the Swiss Virtual Campus Impulse Programme, involves the higherlevel academic institutions in Switzerland (Universities, Federal Institutes of Technologies and Universities of Applied Sciences). For the years 2000-2003, a budget close to 50 million of CHF has been made available by the Confederation and the various institutions involved, to be used for a total of approximately 50 projects. The goal of the program is the formation of responsible bodies for the development and use of Internet-based e-study modules for higher education (Stucki, 2002). This growth raises the demand for reliable information about quality. Quality is defined in ISO 9000 as "the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs." According to the Higher Engineering Education for Europe working group, quality in higher education can be interpreted as "specifying worthwhile learning goals and enabling students to achieve them." Specifying worthwhile learning goals involves paying attention to academic standards, to the expectations of society, to students' aspirations, to the demands of industry and other employers, to the requirements of professional institutions, to the fundamental principles of the subject, etc. Moreover, enabling students to achieve these goals involves making use of research into how students learn, adopting good course design procedures and building on successful teaching experience, all of which may require professional development for lecturers (H3E, 1999). 14 more pages are available in the full version of this document, which may be purchased using the "Add to Cart" button on the publisher's webpage: www.igi-global.com/chapter/quality-assurance-issues-webbased/30833


The study assessed the chemical and microbial quality of some meat products (Liver, Luncheon, minced meat, and Sausage) in addition to detecting some virulence genes associated with some isolated strains. Two hundred random samples of meat products including 50 samples each of (minced meat, Liver, luncheon and sausage) were randomly collected from different butchers at Damanhur city, El Behera Governorate for some chemical (TVN and TBA) and microbiological evaluation (APC, Staph. aureus, E.coli, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus, and Clostridium perfringens), in addition, detection of virulence genes in some isolated strains. The obtained results revealed that mean values of TVB-N and TBA was higher in liver than other meat products. In regard to microbiological evaluation, results revealed that incidence of staph. aureus, E.coli, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens were (40, 24, 20 and 30%), (36, 10, 8 and 30%), (2, 4, 0, 4%), (16, 20, 24 and 34%) and (28, 10, 18, and 36%), in the examined minced meat, liver, luncheon and sausage, respectively. Salmonella could not be detected in examined luncheon samples. Regarding virulence genes (Pvl and Sea) and (invA and Stn) were detected in 100% of isolated Staph. aureus and Salmonella strains, respectively. eaeA was detected in 100% of isolated E.coli strains while Stx2 was detected in only one strain. Isolated strains of Clostridium perfringens were positive for enterotoxin gene (cpe) and alpha-toxin (cpa) at percent 100%. The presence of aerobic bacteria like Staphylococci aureus, E. coli, bacillus cereus, Salmonella, and Clostridium perfringens may be due to poor hygienic measures during processing and handling of meat products. So, consumption of these products could be associated with possible risk of infection, suggesting the need for the institution of strict hygienic measures during handling of meat products


The role of the black American in historical accounts of the growth and development of the United States has been aptly described by Bill Cosby as "lost, stolen, or strayed." Until the last decade, Whites, Blacks, and other minority Americans were led to believe that Blacks played a singular part in United States history -that of having served their "masters" as faithful servants within bondage of the institution of slavery. This misconception has persisted. As United States history was recorded and recorded, the black American was excluded. Generations failed to learn anything about his cultural or economic contributions. They concluded, as a result, that since there is no mention of black contributions in the educational framework, it must logically be assumed that there were none worthy of mention. The 1960s brought some degree of change as black Americans sought to clarify their identity, past and present, as it related to the mainstream of American life. During this period, they demanded recognition of their contributions to American history. Progress is reflected in the various media and in numerous histories, biographies, documentaries, articles, and films that have been produced recently. A few publishers have revised texts to include the black American. While acknowledging progress in these areas, we must also recognize that the impetus has not come through the leadership of


The crystal structure of leucophanitg [CaNaBeSi2O6F, a 7.401Q), b 7.412Q), c 9.990Q) A, orthorhombic, P21212y Z = 41, was refined using 926 observed (>2.5o1) reflections collected with MoKa X rays and a crystal from Mont Sainl-Hilaire, Quebec; a similar refinement of a crystal from Stokkoy, Norway gave nearly identical results. The structure is similar to that previously determined, but required a shift in origin (+ Yt, *t/n, +3A) and an inter-change of tle x and / coordinates. The revised structure refined to R : 3.0 and R* = 2.7V0 based on 926 observed reflections, as compared \irith R-2070 for tlle same data and the previous model. Leucophanite is a shell structure based on the 2dimensional net (515f) that is also tire basis of the melilite-group minerals. The lower symmetry and different cation-ordering patterns in lzucophanite as compared with the melilite-group minerals are mainly dictated by the local bond-valence requirements of F, which is required by stoichiometry in the leucophanite structure.


Ontologies, in the OWL language, form the basis of the Semantic Web: they define concepts and relationships, and are thus the fundamental model for encoding information. As the Semantic Web has been more widely adopted, extremely large ontologies have begun to emerge, particularly in the life sciences. Reasoning about such ontologies requires scalability beyond that of current Description Logic-based reasoning tools. We argue that in many practical settings, the solution to the scalability problem is to exploit relational database systems. Relational queries (views), like Description Logics, are based on a subset of first-order logic. Many OWL class definitions can be cleanly converted into relational view definitions, which, when supplemented with an external operation that recomputes multiple views until fixpoint is achieved, can perform inference. We implement this approach in a system called OWLDB, which utilizes the power of relational database query optimization and indexing to process large volumes of data. We evaluate the presented algorithms by comparing their reasoning performance on ontologies from dierent domains, including bio-informatics, with Description Logic reasoners for terminology reasoning, and with highly specialized RDF instance stores for instance reasoning.


This brief note is an update to the "Medical Writing Tip of the Month" article on clinical trial registration in CHEST (March 2007).1 ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov/), which currently contains > 73,000 registered trials, is operated by the National Institutes of Health. Although ClinicalTrials.gov continues to support a wide range of trial registration policies, including that of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE),2 we want to call your attention to a new US law. On September 27, 2007, Congress enacted the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act (FDAAA) [United States Public Law 110-85], which expands the legal requirements for registration beyond previous US law and mandates results reporting.3 Violations are subject to penalties. While the information presented previously on how to register at ClinicalTrials.gov continues to apply, we briefly describe changes to the registration requirements under FDAAA (see http://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/fdaaa.html for more information). Reporting results at ClinicalTrials.gov is addressed in the companion "Medical Writing Tip of the Month" article in this issue of CHEST.4

In general, section 801 of FDAAA (FDAAA 801) covers clinical trials (called "applicable clinical trials" in the law) that generally meet the following criteria:

Phase 2 to 4 interventional studies;

Studies that involve drugs, biological products, and medical devices (other than small feasibility studies) regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration;

Studies that have at least one site in the United States or are conducted under an investigational new drug application or investigational device exemption; and

Studies initiated or ongoing as of September 27, 2007, or later (those completed as of September 27, 2007, are excluded).

Study sponsors or principal investigators (PIs) designated by the sponsor (called "responsible parties" in FDAAA 801) must register applicable clinical trials no later than 21 days after enrollment of the first participant. They must also provide information not previously mandated under US law but required by other registration policies (eg, ICMJE2), including all prespecified primary and secondary outcome measures (see http://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html for more details regarding the registration data element requirements).

As previously described,1 ClinicalTrials.gov staff review submissions prior to public posting and may request the sponsor or PI to clarify or correct information. Most registered trials will be available publicly within 2 to 5 business days. However, currently, under FDAAA 801, registered information for trials of investigational devices "not previously cleared or approved" by the US Food and Drug Administration may not be posted on the public site prior to approval or clearance of the device(s) involved in the trial. Responsible parties of device trials who wish to comply with the journal editors' policy should consult the ICMJE site for guidance (http://www.icmje.org/faq.pdf). Further, while FDAAA requires sponsors or PIs to update the recruitment status within 30 days of a change and all other registered information no less frequently than once a year, we continue to recommend that records be amended as soon as recruitment status or other aspects of a protocol change to ensure that up-to-date information is available to the public.


Simple Summary Prescribed examination of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 microbiota–host interactions in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle is technically difficult due in part to the high cost of conducting research with cattle, the genetic heterogeneity among animals, the logistic challenges of obtaining prescribed samples, and the variability in the structure of the enteric microbiota among individuals. Thus, our overarching goal was to develop a prescribed enteric colonization model utilizing germ-free mice inoculated with individual bovine EHEC O157:H7 strains representing the primary genetic lineages of the pathogen. Moreover, we utilized the colonization model with or without stress induced via the administration of corticosterone to examine the ability of commensal E. coli strains to outcompete EHEC O157:H7 in vivo. A bovine strain of EHEC O157:H7 that incited reduced pathologic changes was identified, and the administration of 18 commensal E. coli strains isolated from cattle effectively reduced densities of the pathogen, and ameliorated histopathologic changes and markers of inflammation. Although stress has been identified as a factor affecting colonization success, we observed that physiological stress did not benefit enteric colonization by EHEC O157:H7. Despite its limitations, the defined microbiota murine enteric colonization model developed may prove useful for identifying mechanisms and mitigation strategies for subsequent validation in cattle. Abstract Cattle are a primary reservoir of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7. Currently, there are no effective methods of eliminating this important zoonotic pathogen from cattle, and colonization resistance in relation to EHEC O157:H7 in cattle is poorly understood. We developed a gnotobiotic EHEC O157:H7 murine model to examine aspects of the cattle pathogen–microbiota interaction, and to investigate competitive suppression of EHEC O157:H7 by 18 phylogenetically distinct commensal E. coli strains of bovine origin. As stress has been suggested to influence enteric colonization by EHEC O157:H7 in cattle, corticosterone administration (±) to incite a physiological stress response was included as an experimental variable. Colonization of the intestinal tract (IT) of mice by the bovine EHEC O157:H7 strain, FRIK-2001, mimicked characteristics of bovine IT colonization. In this regard, FRIK-2001 successfully colonized the IT and temporally incited minimal impacts on the host relative to other EHEC O157:H7 strains, including on the renal metabolome. The presence of the commensal E. coli strains decreased EHEC O157:H7 densities in the cecum, proximal colon, and distal colon. Moreover, histopathologic changes and inflammation markers were reduced in the distal colon of mice inoculated with commensal E. coli strains (both propagated separately and communally). Although stress induction affected the behavior of mice, it did not influence EHEC O157:H7 densities or disease. These findings support the use of a gnotobiotic murine model of enteric bovine EHEC O157:H7 colonization to better understand pathogen–host–microbiota interactions toward the development of effective on-farm mitigations for EHEC O157:H7 in cattle, including the identification of bacteria capable of competitively colonizing the IT.


Since earthquake risk assessment implies randomness a d uncertainty, it is necessary to find out key p arameters, criteria and methodologies, according to available seismic hazard and vulnerability knowledge, to hand le aleatory variability and reduce epistemic uncertain ty. This paper analyzes aleatory variability and ep ist mic uncertainty associated with data and approaches to estimate earthquake risk in terms of variables such as probable maximum loss, risk pure rate among others, which consider different levels of detail for data to represent regional and local seismic hazard, as wel l as structural and non structural vulnerability of buildings. Identification of variables and criteria that contr olled the effects of six real earthquakes in New Ze aland (2010 and 2011), Haiti (2010), Chile (2010) and Colombia (1999), constituted an important part of the study, because it showed key issues to be taken into account to treat al ory variability and epistemic uncertainty on earthquake risk assessment.


THIS LEVEL 1 STUDENT'S BOOK INCLUDES 16 UNITS, EIGHT PROGRESS CHECKS, AND A GRAMMAR PLUS SECTION TO ENSURE THAT STUDENTS RECEIVE ALL OF THE PRACTICE THEY NEED. INSIDE EACH BOOK IS A SINGLE-USE CODE FOR ONLINE SELF-STUDY MATERIAL. THIS GIVES ACCESS TO VIDEOS AND HUNDREDS OF AUTOMATICALLY GRADED EXERCISES, AND WORKS ON PCS AND MACS.


The increasingly global focus on health care issues continues to underline the importance of point-of-care technologies and their ability to provide cost-effective solutions that address many unmet health care needs. Further, the current crisis in health care costs has critically underscored the need for research and development into highly effective, but low cost means of delivering health care. With a focus on providing clinically actionable information at or near the patient, point-of-care devices provide clinicians with information that is critical to the management of patient care while they are still with the patient. Rapid information results in various advantages for POC testing in different kinds of health care settings. In primary care settings in developed countries, the shortened timeline between testing and availability of results reduces the need for extra office visits or follow-up phone calls to convey testing results and adjust clinical intervention. This strategy can reduce cost and increase access of otherwise underserved populations to medical care. For diseases that are infectious, such as sexually transmitted infections or respiratory diseases, POC testing can facilitate treatment modalities quickly, thus prevent ing further spread of the infection for better and timely clinical management. In acute care settings, timely access to diagnostic information is most critical for providing an effective medical response. In disaster settings, POC diagnostics can speed triage and enable rapid establishment and delivery of medical services. While in the developed world, POC testing is primarily de signed as an adjunct to central lab testing, not as replacement, POC testing can enable local health care providers to deliver cost-effective care in developing countries or at rural locations with lack of access to central laboratory infrastructure. Further, a growing number of point-of-care technologies enable clinicians to remotely assess/monitor patients who are home bound or unable to meet the clinician in their clinical setting. The underlying theme is to multiply the effectiveness of physicians by providing better/faster information that enables timely delivery and management of health care.


Yet more good news for the group, and this time particularly for Maria Teresa! Congratulations are due for the publication of her article 'Lo spazio sonoro dell traduzione: note a margine de il compito del traduttore del Walter Benjamin'. The article is freely available here, and here is a taster of what lies therein: The paper aims to examine Benjamin's philosophy of language and translation from a close reading of his essay The task of the translator (1921) and to point out his significant ...


This paper analyzes the results of a diagnostic study carried out with second year students of the computational
sciences majors at University of Oriente, Cuba, to determine the limitations that they present in omputational algorithmization. An exploratory research was developed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The results allowed verifying insufficiencies that have their base in the processes of interpretation and understanding of the problematic situations and in the insufficient design of algorithms, using pseudocodes, before implementing the solutions in a programming language.


Given that IbK must someday be independent and operationally sustainable, then IbK is given access just as non-profits are then given an extra task to be able to become a profit unit by utilizing human resources and facilities owned. In an effort to create independent science and technology-based new entrepreneurs, it is expected that in accordance with their fields of knowledge, the IbK program can be carried out in the form of entrepreneurship training, placing students to carry out internships in established companies / business units / IbIKK in the School and facilitating student entrepreneurship. The training is carried out to provide entrepreneurial knowledge, encourage the growth of motivation for entrepreneurship, improve management understanding (organization, production, finance, and marketing) and make business plans or business feasibility studies. It is unthinkable, children are taught to be employees in the company, but who founded the company if they were not entrepreneurs. Children, teenagers, really need enough time with adults to be able to support, encourage and help them find out who they are, how the world works, and what their role is in society.


The paper starts from a criticism of a clinical assessment based on the presence/absence of psychiatric symptoms, typically the DSM. This modality shows strong limits namely in the case of sudden and unexpected violent behaviours, of adhesion to terrorist groups or to criminal regimes, of somatic pathologies, of deficiencies in the development of functions. Utilising psychoanalytic, or psychoanalytically inspired literature, history documents, and clinical examples, a different assessment modality is proposed, both of pathological conditions and of the outcome of treatment: classification of levels of health is based on the degree of connection between different systems of the organism, which are also strongly related to the development of functions, such as dreaming, reflective capacity or affect regulation. Psychic, but also somatic symptoms often appear in this view not as the essence of pathology but as useful alarm signals and forms of communication; at any rate, they should be considered in conjunction with the proposed dimension.


A Beta-Binomial-Logit model is a Beta-Binomial model with covariate information incorporated via a logistic regression. Posterior propriety of a Bayesian Beta-Binomial-Logit model can be data-dependent for improper hyper-prior distributions. Various researchers in the literature have unknowingly used improper posterior distributions or have given incorrect statements about posterior propriety because checking posterior propriety can be challenging due to the complicated functional form of a Beta-Binomial-Logit model. We derive data-dependent necessary and sufficient conditions for posterior propriety within a class of hyper-prior distributions that encompass those used in previous studies.


The present study investigated the optimal method for the multi-element quantification of 9 elements in soy milk : calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, and zinc. Results obtained using ICP atomic emission spectrometry were compared with those obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry, which is the standard method. The same sample was measured using both ICP atomic emission spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. The percentage of minerals recovered by ICP atomic emission spectrometry ranged from 99.3% to 102%, which was equivalent to that by atomic absorption spectrometry. Therefore, a good result with standard deviation was obtained. The mineral contents of 16 samples of commercially-available soy milk products were measured. The Cu content was significantly proportional to the amount of soybean solids (P<0.001). Moreover, although relationships did not attain statistical significance, the contents of Fe, Zn, K, Mg and P were proportional to the amount of soybean solids, and were highest in soy milk, followed by prepared soy milk and soy milk beverage. The Ca content of modified soy milk was significantly higher than that of soy milk and soy milk-based beverages (P<0.001). Furthermore, the Na content in soy milk was significantly lower.


The paper defined public secondary schools as schools which are catered for by the Rivers State government, by providing all the necessary infrastructures for effective teaching and learning. Service delivery is the ability of making use of available educational services to achieve educational goals and set objectives. School plant refers to everything within the school premises which includes the site, buildings, equipment and all essential structures, permanent and non-permanent as well as machines and laboratory equipment and others. Management of school plant requires good leadership, effective monitoring, maintenance culture; corrective, preventive and predictive maintenance etc. Issues of maintenance of school plant was raised: overcrowding; non-delegation of tasks by the principals of schools; vandalization of school property etc. Ways of maintaining school plant for effective functionality are listed and discussed, they include parent teachers association (PTA); community stake holders; staff and students; periodic inspection and principals should not give out any part of school plant for commercial purpose. Conclusively, since public schools harbour a large population of the Nigerian children, effort should be made to effectively manage school plant for effective teaching and learning. Some recommendations were proffered, which include updating of school plant whenever the population increases. Education managers should not rest on their oars and quality control should be advocated etc.


The aim of this paper is to examine what we believe to be an original proof of the existence of God in the work of Pierre Duhem. We think that the originality of this proof consists especially in the assumptions used by the French philosopher in his argumentation. Regarding the form, it resembles the well-known design argument, but his version is characterized by seeking in the history of physical theories the matter from which the existence of a Providence is derived. It is the complex evolution of theories and, despite it, its amazing progress towards ever more perfect theories that serves as the premise for Duhem's way of access to God. Everything goes as if it had been a divine preordainment and an intrinsic goal ruling the evolution of theories.


Software Effort and Cost Estimation is a very important activity that includes very uncertain elements. In the context of object-oriented software, traditional methods and metrics were extended to help managing this activity. Use Case Points (UCP) is a very well known metrics used for estimation of object-oriented systems. Use case models are used in Object-Oriented Analysis for capturing and describing the Functional-Requirements of a system. Several methods for estimating software development effort are based on attributes of a use case model. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model based on vectors to measure reusability of software design in terms of reusability of the use cases. Increasing reusability of the use case model would lead to decrease in development effort. Using the vector model, we propose an approach to measure Complexity Reduction Factor (CRF) which measures percentage decrease in effort and hence in cost with increasing reusability. This quantitative analysis of effort reduction with increased reusability would enable us in designing reusable and cost effective software much earlier in software development life cycle, right at the requirement engineering phase. We have used requirements of an Insurance system as a case study to illustrate our approach.


A GC/MS method for the determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ( PAH) in the upriver soil of Shen-Fu Irrigation Area, the largest irrigation area containing petroleum pollutants in our country was developed. The results showed that the concentrations of PAH in the area were between 787μg/kg and 24570μg/kg, which was higher than that of clean irrigation area.


Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a typical combinatorial optimization problem, and it is a NP-hard problem. The total number of routes increases exponentially with the number of cities, so it is great significance to design an effective algorithm to find the optimal solution accurately. Chicken Swarm Optimization (CSO) is a new intelligent optimization algorithm, which is mainly proposed for continuous problems. It has the advantages of fast convergence speed and high convergence accuracy. This paper proposed a Discrete Chicken Swarm Optimization (DCSO) for TSP. The CSO is discretized by introducing the methods of swap, order crossover and reverse order mutation, where the search space of the solution is enlarged, and the diversity of the solution is increased. The typical TSP models are simulated and compared with the Basic Ant Colony Optimization and Genetic Algorithm to verify the feasibility of the presented method.


The synthesis and chiral resolution of a dissymmetric tetraurea-calix[4]pyrrole/tetraurea-calix[4]arene molecular capsule with two hemispheres mechanically locked is described. The assembly features a bis-[2]catenated topology and shows reversible molecular co-encapsulation of two different neutral molecules or two oppositely charged ions.


Background and Pupose: Hypertension and poor sleep quality can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, etc. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between body compositions with hypertension and sleep quality in male students living in Allameh Tabataba'i University dormitory. Material and Method: The present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of 170 male dormitory students of Allameh Tabataba'i University who were randomly selected. First, body composition indices and blood pressure of subjects were measured and recorded. Then, the Pittsburgh Questionnaire were completed by students (PSQI) to assess their sleep quality. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software at a significant level (P


Abstract In this paper, we optimize Ag catalysts for CNT growth by analyzing the relationship between the growth parameters of the Ag catalyst and the structure of the island. The structure of the islands included the diameter of the Ag island, the composition of the Ag, and the crystallinity. The experimental growth parameters included the annealing time, the temperature, the deposition time, and the mass of the source. Ag thin films were deposited on SiO2 microscope slides as a substrate using a thermal evaporation method, followed by annealing treatment to form island at surface of substrate and optimization of the four parameters. Ag catalyst islands were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to analyze the diameter and to confirm that Ag had been deposited on the surface of the substrate. This research found that increases in the mass of the Ag source used, the evaporation time, and the annealing temperature increased the average diameter of the Ag catalyst island. The catalyst was optimized for high-quality CNT growing, where the CNT will be used in electronic and solar cell applications, especially to improve the efficiency of the solar cell.


This paper studies the physical layer security (PLS) of a vehicular network employing a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). RIS technologies are emerging as an important paradigm for the realisation of smart radio environments, where large numbers of small, low-cost and passive elements, reflect the incident signal with an adjustable phase shift without requiring a dedicated energy source. Inspired by the promising potential of RIS-based transmission, we investigate two vehicular network system models: One with vehicle-to-vehicle communication with the source employing a RIS-based access point, and the other model in the form of a vehicular adhoc network (VANET), with a RIS-based relay deployed on a building. Both models assume the presence of an eavesdropper to investigate the average secrecy capacity of the considered systems. Monte-Carlo simulations are provided throughout to validate the results. The results show that performance of the system in terms of the secrecy capacity is affected by the location of the RIS-relay and the number of RIS cells. The effect of other system parameters such as source power and eavesdropper distances are also studied.


Molecular Flux (MOLFLUX) computer code versatile program used to compute following environmental effects induced by spacecraft: fluxes of molecules to, and deposition of molecules on, surfaces; densities and column densities of molecules in surrounding space, and return fluxes of molecules to surfaces caused by both collisions of molecules with ambient atmosphere and by self-scattering. Includes capability to predict buildup in density of ambient gas in front of surfaces exposed to ram conditions by specifying ambient flux rates for all species impinging on surfaces. Surface chemical reactions represented as rates of emission from surfaces. User has option to modify spacecraft configurations and sources of contamination, and to choose which critical surfaces to examine. Written in FORTRAN and C language.


A foundational feature of human communication lies in the fact that what a speaker means often goes beyond the literal meaning of what the speaker says. Within linguistics and philosophy, theories of meaning capture this fact by distinguishing between linguistically encoded (semantic) and contextually derived (pragmatic) aspects of communicated meaning. Following the seminal work of Paul Grice and much subsequent theorizing (Grice, 1975; Horn, 1984; Levinson, 2000; Sperber & Wilson, 1986), pragmatics is viewed as a form of intention recognition that involves inferentially reconstructing the meaning that the speaker had in mind and wanted to convey, beyond the literal meaning of an utterance. For the child learner, becoming pragmatically competent means becoming able to bridge the gap between what words and sentences mean and what the speaker intended to communicate by uttering them in a specific context. Crucially, however, since the meanings of words and sentences themselves are often unknown to the young child, developing pragmatic competence also involves using intention recognition to discover semantic meaning—for instance, by consulting the speaker's eye gaze or mental state to understand the meaning of a novel word. Thus, from the perspective of the young learner, pragmatics both enriches linguistic-semantic meaning (e.g., during the interpretation of known words and structures) and restricts hypotheses about linguistic-semantic meaning (e.g., during the interpretation of unknown words). Perhaps because pragmatics is so richly and inextricably linked with the ability to both process and acquire language, and interconnects with a host of linguistic and cognitive processes, the large literature on pragmatic development has long resisted a neat synthesis. For example, a considerable body of work shows that very young children, even infants, are exquisitely attuned to the eye gaze and knowledge of their interlocutors, and use such sophisticated social reasoning to learn the meaning of novel words (Baldwin, 1991; Bloom, 2000; Southgate, Chevallier, & Csibra, 2010). Yet, in other respects, children's ability to infer what others mean appears fragile and task-dependent, and many pragmatic phenomena that involve indirect or implied meanings—perhaps most famously metaphor and irony—present difficulties even for older learners (Grigoroglou & Papafragou, 2017; Matthews, 2014). In recent years there has been a wealth of exciting research on the nature and acquisition of pragmatics fueled by several concurrent developments across related fields: new formal models within theoretical linguistics that explore the semantics-pragmatics interface; more sophisticated psycholinguistic methods for studying how children (and adults) produce and interpret language in context; integrative efforts within developmental psychology to relate pragmatic growth to children's cognitive abilities—especially the ability to think about others' mental states (known as theory of mind) and a collection of control processes such as working memory, inhibition, and task-switching (known as executive function); and more theoretically oriented approaches to the pragmatic profile of special populations such as individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that are known to face social and communicative challenges. Current work on how children acquire pragmatic competence builds on these new approaches to understand both children's early sensitivity to pragmatic principles and their growing ability to implement these principles across different


The invention discloses a screw conveying and degreasing device. The screw conveying and degreasing device comprises a screw conveying roller, a transmission mechanism and a degreasing assembly and further comprises a passing and conveying assembly and a passing roller. The passing and conveying assembly is used for receiving materials output by a first screw channel and conveying the materials to a receiving mechanism of the next working procedure. The passing and conveying assembly includes a bucket fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the screw conveying roller, the bucket is provided with a bucket opening opposite to a first screw outlet of the first screw channel, and a drainage outlet of cleaning fluid is formed in the bucket. One end of the passing roller penetrates through a screw conveying outlet of the screw conveying roller and is located in the screw conveying roller, the other end of the passing roller is connected with the receiving mechanism of the next working procedure, the end, located in the screw conveying roller, of the passing roller is arranged in a closed mode, and a receiving opening is formed in the side wall, close to the closed end, of the passing roller, corresponds to the bucket opening and is used for receiving materials dumped by the bucket. The situation that the cleaning and degreasing part conveys the materials to a drying segment for drying is not affected, and meanwhile the cleaning fluid of the cleaning and degreasing part can be prevented from entering the drying segment.


The historic Democratic Party-organized labor alliance, created during the New Deal and strengthened during the postwar era, has become increasingly strained. Scholars of various disciplines have identified causal mechanisms for this decay, focusing on the role that the Party, neoliberal ideology and labor unions have played in facilitating this decline. Rather than select the most salient explanation or promote an alternative causal mechanism, I argue that these factors are all the result of an inevitable social conflict underlying the alliance. By synthesizing the different casual mechanisms, I illustrate how these factors reinforce each other and develop an understanding of the antagonistic social constructs precipitating this conflict. As opposed to the result of economic shifts or policy changes, I argue that the collapse of the alliance was caused by the disparity between labor's working class goals and the bourgeois expectations of Democratic Party. I conclude by arguing that continued cooperation within the party system constitutes an existential crisis for unions, and that the labor movement must seek a political strategy without the Democratic Party in order to prevent the subversion of its ideological and social foundations.


Inhibitory activity of crude extract of cysteine protease inhibitors from Calotropis procera against Plasmodium berghei infected mice was investigated. Various extracts obtained from the leaves, roots, flowers, latex and stem bark of Calotropis procera using different extraction media that included Sodium Chloride, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrochloric acid, Sodium phosphate buffer and distilled water were used to evaluate for Cysteine Protease inhibitory activity against Papain enzyme. Sodium phosphate buffer extract of the latex of Calotropis procera with the highest Protease inhibitor activity was concentrated by cold acetone precipitation, freeze-dried and used for further studies. Subchronic toxicity study of the extract was carried out in a mouse model. Inhibitory effect of the extract on Plasmodium berghei Cysteine protease and in vivo studies on infected mice was investigated using incremental doses of 20, 30, and 50 mg/kg body weight/day. The crude extract exhibited inhibitory activity against Cysteine protease with an IC50 value of 25.50 μg/ml. The Original Research Article Abdulkadir et al.; JAMPS, 6(3): 1-13, 2016; Article no.JAMPS.22866 2 highest percentage parasite suppression of 48% was obtained for the group treated with 50 mg/kg bodyweight/day of the extract. Subchronic toxicity study using the effective dose of the extract at 50 mg/kg body weight/day showed a significant elevation in body weight of the animals and Alanine transaminase activity. A dose-dependent relationship was observed in the elevation of total protein and glucose concentrations in treated animals, but there were no significant changes in percentage PCV, triacylglycerol concentration, Aspartate transaminase and Alkaline Phosphatase activities. The result of this study shows that crude extract obtained from Latex of Calotropis procera is active against plasmodium Cysteine Protease in rodent malaria model and could be considered as a potential source for antimalarial drug development.


A chemotherapy regimen consisting of oral cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and fluorouracil, used as a treatment for recurrent and metastatic breast cancer.


Graphite ferric chloride, C12FeCl3, was prepared by heating anhydrous ferric chloride with graphite at 305 °C. The purified compound containing 53% ferric chloride was not attacked by hot 6 N hydrochloric acid and gave an X-ray diffraction pattern which was distinctly different from that of either graphite or ferric chloride. The separation of the graphite layer-planes was increased from 3.36 to 9.4 A by the intercalation of the ferric chloride molecules.Tests for exchange between C12FeCl3 and Fe+++ ion were made using radioactive Fe59. In no instance was any measurable exchange observed. The compound was subjected to neutron irradiation and the Szilard–Chalmers yield of separable activity calculated and identified. The separated portion contained less than 1% of the total activity and consisted of Fe59, P32, and S35.The lack of exchange and the low Szilard–Chalmers yield are attributed to the formidable steric hindrance effects which result from the "stacked layer" structure for graphite ferric chloride.


GILT practices which incorporate Globalization, Int ernationalization, Localization and Translation continue to develop in response to the market deman d while theorization on this dynamic domain is still lagging behind in academia as the industry leads the way. GILT places language transfer in the wider context of globalization and also highlig ts the specific processes necessary to deal with electronic content such as computer software and we b sit s. This article attempts to shed light into video game localization as an example of emerging G ILT practices. Games localisation highlights the multidimensionality of translation arising from the nature of this medium as a digital interactive entertainment, incorporating software f eatures, gameplay and non-interactive film components all within one platform. Taking the case of PlayStation Final Fantasy games, this paper attempts to demonstrate a number of unique as p cts of translating video games, which involve elements of audiovisual translation and sof tware localization. The author suggests avenues for Audiovisual Translation research in this less k nown and yet fast growing area of language transfer.


Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are considered as metastatic precursor cells, and zebrafish xenografts provide an in vivo model to study cancer cell spread. Currently, the low number of patient-derived CTCs limits their analysis in animal models. We present DanioCTC, a xenograft workflow for injecting CTCs from metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients into zebrafish embryos to study cell dissemination in vivo. The study successfully adapts existing workflows and combines diagnostic leukapheresis (DLA), the Parsortix microfluidic system, flow cytometry, and the automated cell micromanipulator CellCelector setup to enrich and isolate MBC-derived CTCs and to finally inject them into Zebrafish embryos, where their dissemination was tracked up to 3 days post-injection. MDA-MB-231 cells were used as a standard xenotransplantation control, and these cells were frequently found in the head and blood-forming regions of the tail. Using DLA aliquots spiked with MBA-MB-231 cells, the newly established DanioCTC workflow confirmed the dissemination of MDA-MB-231 cells into these regions. CTCs from an MBC patient were then enriched by DLA, Parsortix, and flow cytometry, isolated with the CellCelectorTM and xenografted into zebrafish embryos. CTCs were mainly detected in the head and trunk, unlike MDA-MB-231 cells, which were present in the head and tail. DanioCTC presents a significant breakthrough in the use of zebrafish embryos as a model to study CTC dissemination in vivo, which can be used for patient-derived CTCs instead of cell culture-derived cancer cells as a crucial step towards understanding the biology of metastatic breast cancer. Statement of significance DanioCTC is a novel workflow to inject patient-derived CTCs into zebrafish, enabling studies on CTC dissemination and personalized treatment in vivo, therefore advancing our toolkit to fight metastatic cancer.


Background: Anterior cervical discectomy (ACD) was used for management of degenerative cervical disc disorders (DCDD) in previous days. Further research and developments in management of DCDD led to evolution of standard and widely used operative technique as anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) by either anterior cervical plate (ACDF-ACP) with bone grafting or stand-alone cage (ACDF-SAC). There is less data available in literature regarding when and where to use ACDF-ACP and ACDF-SAC. Methods: The study was conducted on 20 patients operated in Government Medical College and Hospital and Pacific Hospital and Research Centre, Aurangabad from June 2018 to March 2020. These patients divided into group A - 10 patients, operated by ACDF-SAC which are further divided as group Aa - 6 patients - operated for single level ACDF-SAC and group Ab - 4 patients - operated for two level ACDF-SAC, group B - 10 patients, operated by ACDF-ACP which are further divided as group Ba - 5 patients - operated for single level ACDF-ACP and group Bb - 5 patients - operated for two level ACDF-ACP. Patients evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively using X-ray cervical spine anteroposterior (AP) and lateral views, MRI cervical spine, visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Robinson's criteria and Cobb's angle. Results: In our study we found, ACDF-SAC has small incision size, less intraoperative time, easy to carry out for surgeons, less intraoperative complications and better clinical outcome as compared to ACDF-ACP. Whereas only radiological results were better in ACDF-ACP than ACDF-SAC. Conclusions: ACDF-SAC is superior to ACDF-ACP for appropriately selected patients and in well experienced hands.


Energy extraction from a large‐volume HF laser amplifier has been measured as a function of input intensity. Both the oscillator and amplifier were operated with similar gas mixtures of H2 and F2, which assured a good spectral match between the oscillator and amplifier. The amplifier input intensity was varied from 104 to 2×107 W/cm2. An input intensity of 2×107 W/cm2 extracted an energy equal to about 90% of the energy extracted from the amplifier when it was operated as an oscillator. The experiment also demonstrated that an input intensity of 104 W/cm2 decreased the amplified spontaneous emission intensity by a factor of 2 from the value with no input. Increasing the input intensity level above 104 W/cm2 did not further reduce the amplified spontaneous emission.


Small N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of 1.6 nm core size were synthesized. The mode of binding and the effect of ethanol on DNA conformational changes induced by AuNPs nanoparticles were studied in detail by means of fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), viscometric, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. The measurements were done at different molar ratios R = CAuNPs/CDNA and at different ethanol content. Both spectroscopic and structural techniques revealed that the binding of AuNPs with DNA grooves largely prevailed up to 30% EtOH (v/v). For higher ethanol levels (from 40% to 65% EtOH (v/v)), all methods concurred by showing that AuNPs were able to induce DNA strand elongation, which preceded formation of the AuNPs/DNA groove complex. Moreover, under suitable R values and ethanol content, the CD spectra, DLS, and AFM experiments revealed that AuNPs nanoparticles induced the formation of a rather compact AuNP...


Abstract Several bacterial proteins have been recently identified as superantigens which stimulate large numbers of T cells expressing particular T-cell receptor (TCR) Vβ elements. This suggests important roles for these proteins in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections. However, before the superantigenic property can be assigned to a particular protein, the purity needs to be carefully evaluated and several measures need to be taken to rule out the presence of minute amounts of contamination by other superantigens such as bacterial toxins. Here we describe a technique that can be used effectively to address this problem. This technique exploits the fact that superantigens have a signature Vβ specificity and, therefore, analysis by PCR of TCR Vβ gene expression which shows the Vβ expansion profile can be used to determine the superantigenicity of a protein and to detect cross-contamination by other superantigens. 1993 Academic


The numerical implementation of finite element discretization method for the stream function formulation of a linearized Navier-Stokes equations is considered. Algorithm 1 is applied using Argyris element. Three global orderings of nodes are selected and registered in order to conclude the best banded structure of matrix and a fluid flow calculation is considered to test a problem which has a known solution. Visualization of global node orderings, matrix sparsity patterns and stream function contours are displayed showing the main features of the flow.


The average 8-18 year-old spends over 10 hours a day consuming media. Unfortunately their minds are often ''shut off'' as they watch TV, surf the web, or listen to music. Help your students ''tune in'' so they can begin to analyze messages and understand techniques used to influence them. By incorporating media literacy into the curriculum you can teach your students to question marketing, recognize propaganda, and understand stereotypes, and youll also be teaching them valuable critical thinking skills they need for a successful future.


A review of the literature reveals that acute cardiac manifestations in association with urticaria are uncommon; however, it has been observed that definite cardiac changes may accompany allergic reactions. The report of the following case illustrates electrocardiographic changes simulating myocardial infarction that occurred during the course of urticaria. REPORT OF A CASE History.— A white woman, 65, entered Providence Hospital on April 13, 1946, with the complaint of shortness of breath and hives. For the preceding two weeks her family physician had treated her with intravenously administered "cincosal" (sodium cinchophen, 1 gm., sodium salicylate, 1 gm., and sodium iodide, 0.5 gm., in 20 cc.) for arthritis. The contraindications to the use of "cincosal" are stated to be impaired heart action, syphilis, liver impairment or susceptibility to liver disease, tuberculosis, or thyroid disease. This was the only medication. Seven days before admission she noted itching of the scalp followed by


18522 We recently reported that inhibition of Cox-2 reduced human B-CLL proliferation and survival. Herein, we investigated the mechanisms whereby a small molecule Cox-2 selective inhibitor (SC-581...


GaMnN and Mg-codoped GaMnN films were grown in molecular beam epitaxy using a GaN single precursor. The structural, electrical, and magnetic properties were examined. The Mg-codoped GaMnN layers revealed room-temperature ferromagnetism. Codoping with Mg reduces the Mn incorporation, but increases the conductivity of the GaMnN films. At the same time, the saturation magnetization and coercivity have increased at room temperature. As this improvement was obtained with much reduced Mn concentration of ∼0.3%, the crucial role of the carriers for carrier-induced ferromagnetism in magnetic semiconductors is observed.


To solve the lack of effective management and control method for product design process based on modeling system engineering method, a maturity evaluation method based on business process was proposed to improve product design process design efficiency. According to analyzing product design process based on Model Based System Engineering, the design process of the business process as the assessment object, multi-level and multi-phased business process maturity model was established. After analyzing the design results of the transfer and iteration, maturity model upgrade or degrade principle was proposed to guide the delivery of design results and iterative processes, contribute to realize the management and control process based on maturity model. Finally, by assessing the maturity of the business process of the environmental control system at the design stage of the spacecraft program, the evaluation method was verified.


Search engines of today are focusing on efficiently and accurately generating search results.Yet, there is much to be explored in the way people interact with the applications and relate to the con ...


We report on the investigation of photoresponse signal arising across metal-PbTe structures exposed to CO2 laser radiation. Three different metals, Al, Au, and Bi, have been used for Schottky diode-like structure fabrication. The experimental investigations of the photoresponse have been performed in temperature range from 240 K down to 92 K. The dependencies of the detected signal on the applied bias voltage and the signal decay transients were explored as well. Hot carrier effect as well as electron-hole pair generation are considered to be responsible for the photoresponse. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.20.2.6222


This paper provides an update on orphan product development since the passage of the Orphan Drug Act in 1983. The number of drugs approved and marketed to treat rare diseases and disorders has increased substantially since passage of the act, despite their limited commercial value. Implementation of this legislation continues to evolve to fit changing trends, but by all measures the Orphan Drug Act has been an immense success.


This chapter offers an intergenerational reflection on the production of photostories in the Toronto-based Moment Project of the 1980s, considering how its features of co-creation, creative forms, and critical social content could be reinvented with the new digital media forms integral to today's social movements.


This paper investigates the relationship between emotional intelligence of executive managers in multinational companies and marketing effectiveness, highlighting the dimensional marketing growth in developing and developed countries alike. Will loyalty of consumers to the product remain the same when moving between countries – given the fact that the mental image and market position of the product vary between different markets. Multi-stage random sampling used in this study and the research sample was calculated using percentage (n = 158). The results of this research uncovered a positive correlation between variables of emotional intelligence, specially self-management and self-awareness of executive managers, and all the variables of marketing effectiveness. It also asserted a positive correlation between all variables of emotional intelligence and marketing effectiveness – with a higher influence of marketing effectiveness variables on customer loyalty, product position and mental image.


Current seasonal forecast systems have difficulties predicting temperature over continental regions, whereas for some regions with maritime influence their performance is better. The main driver for better skill in maritime regions is related to the ocean and its memory effect. For continental regions, the land surface can become a more important source of predictability on (sub-)seasonal time scales. Besides soil moisture, snow is a crucial component of the land surface as it stores an extensive amount of water and modulates the earth’s radiation budget each winter season. A snow-covered land surface leads to local temperature decreases in the overlying air (snow-albedo effect and high emissivity) and melting snow cools the surface air and contributes to soil moisture and river water. We compare the snow representation in seasonal forecast systems from four European weather/climate services provided by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and their performance in predicting snow, temperature and precipitation. The goal is to identify the impact of the snow initialisation and snow modelling from the four forecasts systems. The first results show that the predicted anomalies of 2m temperature over continental regions correlate with reanalyses only for the first forecasted month, whereas anomalies in snow water equivalent can be predicted up to several months. While the biases among the forecast systems differ, the correlation skills are similar for the same variable, with precipitation having the lowest correlation skills. Furthermore, we will investigate the causal relationships between snow and 2m temperature with time-lagged correlation or similar methods and will consider the whole ensembles of the hindcasts.


In this paper, a thorough investigation of response of a composite Timoshenko simply-supported beam with actuating layers, under the motion of a partially distributed mass is studied and a control system based on the feedback of beam's deflection velocity is applied to alleviate and suppress the vibration of the beam in either case when the mass is still traveling on the beam or departed the beam. The actuating layers are made up of Terfenol-D smart material which are sensitive to magnetic field (magnetostrictive materials) and this trait makes them very suitable to be used for vibration control. They introduce damping to the system through which the energy of system dissipates. The response of the beam is analyzed in terms of lamination scheme, material properties, damping coefficient (i.e. gain of controller), velocity of motion and geometrical features of the moving mass (e.g. moving mass length and height). The governing equations of system are obtained using Hamilton's principle and a solution is sought using Galerkin's method, the resulting coupled system of ODEs are solved numerically by virtue of the Newmark method. The results are compared with those available in literatures along with discussion on agreements and disagreements.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


It has been reported that the novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) may be associated with a papulovesicular skin eruption predominantly involving the trunk. We hereby present a case of COVID‐19–associated varicella‐like exanthem in an 8‐year‐old girl with mild systemic symptoms.


In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model of power spinning 5A06 aluminum alloy cylinder with longitudinal and hoop ribs is established. It reveals the laws of the stress and strain distribution of the longitudinal and hoop ribs in the spinning process, provides a theoretical guidance for the further optimization of process parameters for manufacturing engineering. The 5A06 aluminum alloy cylinder validated testes are through three stages. The first is to study spinning forming of the ten longitudinal ribs. The second is to study spinning forming ten longitudinal ribs and a hoop combined rib. The third is to study spinning forming qualified samples with ten longitudinal ribs and four hoop combined ribs. Optimization aspect of the aluminum alloy reinforced spinning parameters are obtained through simulation analysis and experimental verification, to provide an ideal theoretical guidance for further material application and production.


For z-connected continuous poset P,it proves that z-connected continuous poset P with z-connected Lawson topology is completely regular space.In addition,if it is also second-countable space then(P,λc(P))is metrizable.


A number of issues must be resolved before a mental health agency undertakes a community organization program. They include the priorities for and scope of services, staff training and supervision, te need for skilled management and administrative flexibility, and interagency communication and cooperation. Perhaps the most difficult issue is the degree of community involvement in program planning, policy-making, and operation; the authors outline nine levels of involvement ranging from passive awareness to complete program control.


PURPOSE: A sensor tag control method is provided to efficiently manage the battery power of a sensor and a tag by automatically determining the generation of sensing data from the tag constituting RF communication function and producing important sensing data. CONSTITUTION: Once sensing data is generated from RF(Radio Frequency) part, the RF part permits the power source of a battery to a sensor part. By using the power source, the RF part receives data sensed from the sensor part(915). The data received from the sensor part is read and stored, and transmitted to an external device or immediately transmitted to the external device(935). The RF part cuts the power source permitted from the sensor part when the data has not been received within the limited time after the permission from power source. [Reference numerals] (900) Checking environmental variable change for generating(obtaining) sensing data and power supply from an RF unit to a sensor; (905) Checking environmental variable change?; (910) Generating(obtaining) the sensing data from the RF unit to the sensor; (915) Checking sensing data generation(acquisition)?; (920) Receiving the sensing data and storing the sensing data in a sensing data storage area of a memory; (925) Checking wireless frequency reception; (930) Receiving a wireless frequency signal?; (935) Transmitting the stored sensing data to an RF reader; (940) Deleting and initializing the stored sensing data; (AA) Start; (BB,DD,FF) No; (CC,EE) Yes


Vertical column floating wind platform technical field of floating wind turbine generator and the method for constructing the vertical columns floating wind platform, comprising: a plurality Roots draft column, with a ballast tank deep draft bottom end of the column connected to a the porous deck connected to the upper deep draft column, wind turbine with a porous deck is fixedly connected and a plurality of mooring lines to the platform and the sea bed is connected. The present invention only by gravity and buoyancy to achieve vertical column installation, no large-scale lifting floating cranes; greatly reduce the overall deepwater spar platform construction and installation costs, provides feasibility for large-scale commercial wind power deepwater spar platform floating body.


Visually impaired people can take advantage of multimodal systems in which visual information is communicated through different modes of interaction and types of feedback. Among the possible interaction modes, thermal interaction in the context of assistive devices for visually impaired people lacks research in spite of its potential. In this paper, we propose a temperature-depth mapping algorithm and a thermal display system to convey depth and depth-color of artworks' features in the context of tactile exploration by visually impaired people. Tests with a total of 18 sighted users and six visually impaired users were performed both during the mapping algorithm design and after developing a tactile temperature prototype artwork model to assess the potentials of thermal interaction for recognizing depth and color-depth in tactile art appreciation. These tests showed both an existing correlation between depth and temperature and that the mapping based on that correlation is appropriate for conveying depth during artwork tactile exploration.


Child rearing practices are an integral part of parenting and its presence and significance among families from lower a lower socioeconomic background is the subject of the study conducted for this paper. With parents of infants and younger children interviewed and spoken to in detail separately, differences not only in their opinions become more evident but along with personality traits the strategies and approaches adopted to raise children who will be the adults in any society in the future, preset themselves in interesting ways. Many parents exhibiting, more or less, similar economic indicators might vary in their stance on child rearing. A society, Pakistani in this case so full of tradition has age old practices, not good or bad, judgement not being the intention of this paper, being passed on from one generation to another. Parents think about how they were raised and what needs to be done with their own children perhaps subconsciously for none in the study conducted for this paper revealed that they consciously did so regularly or at intervals.The idea behind this research exercise is to track and identify these patterns and trends not for the sake of comparison with those of yore but to tap in to the experiences of the people which ultimately build their perceptions and consequently their personalities. Adding meanings to such a subliminal activity as child rearing practices with reference to the effect on or of the social dynamics of a society is the intention of this endeavor.


An electrostatically driven valveless peristaltic micropump with multiple electrodes (4, 8, and 16 electrodes) has been developed for pumping gases through microsystems. The pump was fabricated on a silicon substrate with a metalized polyimide (PI) diaphragm as the actuator. With a single chamber and multi electrodes design, the operating frequency for maximum flow rate is determined by the number of electrodes. In case of 4 electrodes, a maximum flow rate of 40 μl/min was measured at 14 Hz of clock frequency. For micropumps with 8 and 16 electrodes, the maximum flow rates were observed at 25 Hz and 1400 Hz respectively. The maximum flow rates were about 80 μl/min for 8 electrodes and from 250 μl/min for 16 electrodes.


Objective The purpose of the study is to evaluate the ability of SONGFENG glass ionomer cement to obturate the coronal cavity temporarily after root canals were filled. Methods One handred fresh extracted teeth whose root length were no less than 10mm were dissect from the neck and stored 4℃.All root canals were filled tightly with cataplasm plus gutta percha points.3mm×2mm×2mm cavity were made in the root canal orifices of all canal filled teeth and were filled with temporiarily coronal filling materials.All teeth were divided into five groups randomly:Songfeng glass ionomer cement,phosphoric acid zinc cement,assemblepoly-crylic acid cement,domestic glass ionomer cement and control.In each group,15 teeth were used to observe the turbidity degree after bacteria microleakage.The last 5 teeth were used to observe the micro gap between the canal filling material and canal wall with scanning electric microscope excluding the controls.The results were undertook statistics analysis. Results ① Bacteria Microleakage: There were 2 bacterial microleakage happened in Songfeng glass ionomer cement group one month later.A lot of bacterial microleakage happened in the other groups.There were significant differences between four materials (P0.01); ②Scanning electron microscope:The grains of phosphoric acid zinc cement and poly-crylic acid cement were large and contained large micro gap and air bubbles.Domestic glass ionomer cement had rough surface and many microgap in it. Songfeng glass ionomer cement had tightly adherence with dentinal tubules,and no microgap.There were significant differences between four materials (P0.05). Conclusion ①Songfeng glass ionomer cement is better than phosphoric acid zinc cement,poly-crylic acid cement,domestic glass ionomer cement as temporary coronal filling material to resist permeation. ②The bacterial microleakage and scanning electron microscope in this experiment have identical results and no significant difference.


[1] This paper describes the three-dimensional variation of rip currents through the use of experimental measurements of rip currents in a directional wave basin. The rip currents are unstable, appearing sporadically at any given location. The vertical profile of the rip current is found to vary from depth-uniform inside the channel to depth-varying further offshore. Offshore from the channel the rip current has much stronger velocities at the surface than near the bottom. The instantaneous profiles twist rapidly over depth farther offshore and are fairly uniform in the channel. The depth variations are shown to be sensitive to the total volume flux in the rip.


SUBTITLE: AFTER LOSING A BIDDING WAR WITH VW FOR THE SKODA BRAND, RENAULT BUYS ROMANIA'S DACIA TO ESTABLISH A FOOTHOLD IN EMERGING MARKETS.


After review of the principles of the simple and multiple Z-plasty the authors demonstrate clinical cases of primary facial wound closure and correction of large cervical scars.


This paper is concerned with finite sequences of integers that may be written as sums of squares of two nonzero integers. We first find infinitely many integers $n$ such that $n, n+h$ and $n+k$ are all sums of two squares where $h$ and $k$ are two arbitrary integers, and as an immediate corollary obtain, in parametric terms, three consecutive integers that are sums of two squares. Similarly we obtain $n$ in parametric terms such that all the four integers $n, n+1, n+2, n+4$ are sums of two squares. We also find infinitely many integers $n$ such that all the five integers $n, n+1, n+2, n+4, n+5$ are sums of two squares, and further we find infinitely many arithmetic progressions, with common difference $4$, of five integers all of which are sums of two squares. Finally, as an application of Selberg sieve, we find estimates for the two arithmetic functions that count the number of integer quadruples $n, n+1, n+2, n+4$ and the number of integer quintuples $n, n+1, n+2, n+4, n+5$ such that $n$ does not exceed a certain number $x$ and all integers of the quadruple or quintuple are sums of two squares.


Bloom filters are used in many computing and networking applications where they provide a simple method to test if an element is present in a set. In some of those systems, reliability is a major concern and therefore the Bloom filters should be protected to ensure that errors do not affect the system behavior. One of the most common type of errors in electronic implementations of Bloom filters are radiation induced soft errors. Soft errors can corrupt the contents of a Bloom filter causing false positives and false negatives. Error Correction Codes (ECCs) can be used to protect the Bloom filter so that for example single bit errors are detected and corrected. However, the use of ECCs impacts the implementation area, power and delay. In this paper, a method to efficiently protect the contents of a Bloom filter is presented. The scheme exploits the different effects at the system level of false positives and false negatives to achieve effective error protection at lower cost than that of a traditional ECC. To illustrate the benefits of the proposed method, a case study is presented where the proposed implementation is compared with the use of a traditional Hamming ECC.


[Objective] The aim was to study the optimum technology conditions and optimum formula of mayonnaise.[Method] With the fresh eggs as raw material,the mayonnaise was well prepared through the technological process such as the preparation of egg yolk,mixing of ingredients,stirring,emulsification and sterilization.In the test,the 4 factors of heating sterilization,mixed stirring,uniform times and finished product sterilization were selected to conduct the orthogonal test,so as to confirm the optimum technology condition,and other 4 factors of rapeseed oil,egg yolks,compound condiment and acidification agent were selected to conduct the orthogonal test,so as to confirm the optimum formula.[Result] The sterilizing temperature in the fermentation could be strictly controlled at 55 ℃.The optimum technology conditions of mayonnaise were follows: sterilizing was at 55 ℃,mixed stirring was 2 times,uniform was 2 times,finished product sterilization was 2 times.The best formula of mayonnaise was follows: oil of 75.00%,egg yolks of 8.50%,compound condiment of 3.20%,acidification agent of 4.00% and water of 5.80%.[Conclusion] The sterilizing temperature had the greatest influence on the mayonnaise.The egg yolk showed the most important influence in mayonnaise production process as the lipid material in the egg yolk played a key role on the stability,flavor and color of the products.


Experimental design and mathematical modeling techniques were used in the optimization of a Pinner quench process. The detailed effects of water, agitation, and temperature on both product yield and quality were elucidated. Significant improvements in both yield (5%) and throughput (>50%) were attained. This work demonstrates how the use of experimental design techniques in chemical process development adds value by allowing efficient optimization of a given synthetic step. The progress of the project from initial lab-scale investigations to full plant-scale implementation is described.


To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling plant height (PH) and flowering time (FT), a high stalk/later bloom Brassica napus line '2091' was crossed with a dwarf/early bloom mutant '99CDAM'. A segregating population with 145 F 2:3 lines was constructed and grown in field for 2 years. Based on this population, a linkage map consisting of 199 amplified fragment length polymorphism and 42 simple sequence repeat loci was constructed. The LOD threshold of 3.0 was used for declaring the existence of putative QTL. In total, seven QTL related to PH were identified, accounting for 8.5-28.6% of phenotypic variation, respectively, of which two QTL were identified in both years. Six QTL for FT were detected, accounting for 8.1-30.4% of phenotypic variation individually, of which two QTL were identified in both years. The main QTL of PH and FT were both mapped on linkage group 13, with overlapped creditable regions. QTL ph17 and ft17 existed at the same location. These might be the genetic base for the significant correlation observed between PH and FT.


Background Plants as sessile organisms are incessantly subjected to changing environmental conditions. Insect pest menace is one of the major biotic factors that destabilizes crop productivity in agricultural ecosystems as well as the economy of many countries. Insect pests cause an average of 25–30 % losses to the total global agricultural production. In addition to causing direct loss to agricultural produce, insects indirectly harm crop plants by acting as vectors of various plant pathogens. Deployment of pesticides for pest control imposes an additional burden on the economy, currently valued at US $ 10 billion annually. Also, pesticides often affect non-target organisms and leave harmful residues in the soil. In economically weaker countries, farmers face total decimation of their crops due to insect infestations and lack of efficient control methods. Under these circumstances, plant biotechnology has become a source of agricultural innovation, providing new solutions to age-old problems. Genetically engineered plants/crops with intrinsic pest resistance offer a promising alternative to chemical control of insects. Insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins have been successfully expressed in plants to provide resistance against selected insect pests for several years and have reduced the use of pesticides, providing benefits to environment, economy, and human health in the long run. At present, the only commercially available transgenes for control of insect pests are Bt toxin genes and the Vip3Aa20 toxin genes. Each Bt gene is highly specific: single Cry proteins are generally toxic to specific orders of insects, mostly Lepidoptera (Cry1 toxins) and Coleoptera (Cry3 toxins). Therefore, different species of insects differ in their susceptibility to a single Cry toxin. This can be a disadvantage because a genetically engineered insect resistant cultivar may control only one or two insect pests attacking that crop, and other control measures, including chemical pesticides, may be required additionally to manage other pests. Moreover, the wide-spread deployment and prolonged use of Bt plants have raised some concerns about the evolution of insect resistance. To overcome these drawbacks, improved insect resistance has been achieved through the deployment of multiple resistance genes in a single plant, also known as gene stacking or gene pyramiding. This includes the expression of multiple cry genes. Emerging evidence shows the development of resistance in the field population of insects against various Bt toxins. Non-Bt approaches for resistance to pests have also been used by exploiting plant defense mechanisms such as proteinase inhibitors, lectins, α-amylase inhibitors, enzymes, and predator toxins, etc. To address this problem, the current approach has been to employ novel molecules with alternate modes of action from different organisms in the ecosystem.


The agricultural informatization is important for building economical society and sustainable development.This paper makes an in-depth study on actuality and existing problems in belin morden agriculture science park of longgang district,Shenzhen,and the advices on how to promote agricultural in formatization are put forward.


Building on the work of Stewart Crehan, Joshua D. Esty, and others, this paper "queers" Armah's canonical novel of disillusionment with the African nation state, The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born, by tracing sublimated and explicit expressions of homoerotic desire through the text. The protagonist's scatology is seen not just as a metaphor for the postcolonial predicament, but also as a psychological defense mechanism holding at bay a taboo form of sexual expression—a desire implicit in the protagonist's self-sacrificing and profound love for Koomson. Reread this way, The Beautyful Ones is understood as an allegory for the need for African nationalism to embrace same-sex desire and human rights for sexual minorities.


The paper presents the results of a cross-linguistic study on the language of the privileged and the deprived in Margaret Atwood 'The Handmaid's Tale' and its Albanian translation. Being fully aware that such a novel lends itself to multiple analyses, within the limitations of the current study, we focused on those cases that illustrate the language used specifically from characters that seem to be on different spectrums of the dimension 'privileged vs. deprived' and we observed how language and communication alters as the events unfold. The exploration of language in this novel is also an exploration of power hierarchy and a reflection on how totalitarianism is expressed in linguistic choice to reflect deeper issues of oppression, manipulation and propaganda. The paper is composed of three parts: in the first part we describe main features of dystopian literature and The Handmaid's Tale. In the second part we describe the reciprocal relationship between language and power and in the third part we bring concrete examples from the novel and its translation into Albanian in order to observe whether such expression of power through language is still preserved in Albanian.


The possibility of creating a plasma from fission fragments, and to utilize the energy of the particles to create population inversion that would lead to laser action is investigated. An investigation was made of various laser materials which could be used for nuclear-pumped lasing. The most likely candidate for a fissioning material in the gaseous form is uranium hexafluoride - UF6, and experiments were performed to investigate materials that would be compatible with it. One of the central problems in understanding a fission-induced plasma is to obtain a model of the electron behavior, and some preliminary calculations are presented. In particular, the rates of various processes are discussed. A simple intuitive model of the electron energy distribution function is also shown. The results were useful for considering a mathematical model of a nuclear-pumped laser. Next a theoretical model of a (3)He-Ar nuclear-pumped laser is presented. The theory showed good qualitative agreement with the experimental results.


A generalized approach to load frequency control that combines discontinuous control and dual-mode control and uses variable-structure-systems concepts is developed. Using this approach, a novel load-frequency control algorithm is proposed. Studies on a multi-area power system, including generation rate constraint and governor dead-band, demonstrate the effectiveness of the control scheme. >


The objecピ ve of this work is to present elements of the project Student engagement in Schools (SES). The team consists of 10 researchers from six Universiピ es. Student engagement in schools is a mulピ dimensional construct that unites ad ecピ ve, behavioural, and cogniピ ve dimensions of student adaptaピ on in the school and has infl uence on students'outcomes. The team of researchers conceptualized two major studies, a did erenピ al study to analyze the relaピ ons between SES and contextual factors, personal factors, student's outcomes, and a quasi-experimental study to analyze the ed ects on SES of a specifi c intervenピ on programmes. In study 1, the sample size is around 600 students (150 6th graders, 150 7th graders, 150 9th graders, and 150 10th graders). We shall focus on years of school transiピ on, with rural and urban populaピ ons, on did erent regions of the country, and on students with did erent family background. We shall conduct quesピ onnaires with naピ onal and internaピ onal scales. The study 2 will involve students in 7th and 9th grade, from four classes, two of the experimental group and two of the control group. Pa─ erns of verbal communicaピ ons between a teacher and students can infl uence the classroom environment and SES. This model of communicaピ on would result in more ed ecピ ve student management and more ピ me on-task for learning.


The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is a program for poverty alleviation and an employment generation which provides employment to rural unskilled labourers. It can provide a guarantee of 100 days' paid employment in a financial year to a rural unskilled labourer who demands it. The program also helps to reduce hunger in rural India. It is different from earlier wage employment programs because it provides a guarantee for work, whereas earlier programs had no such provisions. This paper analyses the employment, consumption and income effects of MGNREGA, including the resulting increase in the purchasing power of rural labourers, after its introduction in the rural area. It also examines the economic and social impact of the scheme in rural areas due to asset creation as result of employment provided by MGNREGA. Lastly, the paper examines the impact of MGNREGA on women's employment and how MGNREGA changed women's income, employment and consumption patterns, which can be argued to be indicative of female empowerment. This study concludes that MGNREGA brought positive change to the lives of people in the rural area that was examined. MGNREGA, a landmark in the history of social security legislation in India or indeed anywhere in the world, promises to be a major tool in the struggle for securing employment guarantees in rural areas. The 100-day employment scheme, which came as a bolt from the blue, raised the living standards of rural India in terms of income, employment and consumption. Overall, the study found that MGNREGA has significantly improved the social and economic well-being of its beneficiaries in rural India.


Background: Preauricular sinuses are common congenital malformations. In most instances the diagnosis and management of condition is straightforward. Methods: The present study was done on 26 patients of preauricular sinus who presented to the Department of ENT, S.S. Medical College & G.M. Hospital, Rewa from August 2012 to July 2013 prospectively. Results: Males and females were equally affected. Most patients i.e. 11 belong to 11-20 year age group with age ranging from 4 year to 60 years. Two cases had genetic history and one case was found to be associated with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Conclusions: The patients in whom a preauricular sinus is identified, the associated congenital anomalies and family history should be sought. Early identification and spreading of awareness should be done to avoid the complication of recurrent abscess in preauricular region.


11063Background: Since desmoid tumors (DT) exhibit an unpredictable clinical course, with stabilization and/or spontaneous regression, an initial "wait-and-see" policy is the new standard of care t...


Verlag. [10] Hewitt, E., Stromberg, K. (1965). Real and Abstract Analysis. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Vol. 25, New York: Springer-Verlag. [11] König, H. (2012).Measure and Integration: Publications 1997–2011. Basel: Birkhäuser/Springer Basel AG. [12] Saks, S. (1964). Theory of the Integral, 2nd revised ed. NewYork: Dover. (English trans. by L. C. Young. With two additional notes by Stefan Banach.) [13] Schep, A. R. (2003). And still one more proof of the Radon–Nikodym theorem. Amer. Math. Monthly. 110: 536–538. [14] Tarcsay, Zs. (2013). A functional analytic proof of the Lebesgue–Darst decomposition theorem. Real Analy. Exchan. 39(1): 219–226. [15] Titkos, T. (2015). A simple proof of the Lebesgue decomposition theorem. Amer. Math. Monthly. 122: 793–794. [16] Yam Ting Woo, J. (1971). An elementary proof of the Lebesgue decomposition theorem. Amer. Math. Monthly. 78: 783.


Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and is a complicated disease to treat. The current standard therapy includes surgical resection, followed by a combination of radiation and chemotherapy with several drugs. However, resistance and recurrence are quite common, so we continue to investigate more effective treatments both for initial therapy and recurrence by searching novel neglected molecular targets as midkine. This article will review the significance of midkine in therapy for newlydiagnosed and recurrent glioblastomas.


A primary research on the recovery of particles bearing uranium from swipe samples has been done using ^233U and ^239Np as tracers.