The last century has witnessed some unprecedented international efforts to join forces in attempts to fight war and health problems for mankind. In the physical sciences the exploration of outer space and elemental particles build on mutual intellectual and financial forces from many countries. These questions have a magnitude that seldom makes it possible for scientists in a single country to resolve. Mental disorders represent severe international health problems of a similar magnitude, with enormous suffering for patients and families. Each Western country has enormous costs and budgets for treating psychiatric patients. Are these budgets spent in a rational way – considering the present lack of knowledge of etiology and pathophysiology of the most current forms of the mental disorders. In relation to the current costs for treating mental patients, budgets for psychiatric research are low or non-existent. This partly explains why, in spite of more than 100 years of research, the etiology and pathophysiology of most of the mental disorders is still unknown. What is the best way to fight the stigma of psychiatric disorders. For most psychiatrists it should be evident that collecting and joining forces to fight the causes should be the most rational way. The terror of mental disorders can only be efficiently fought by the search for and finding of the causes and their consequences and to develop rational counteractive measures. The big challenge for the psychiatric community in the new millenium is to clarify etiology and pathophysiology of the major mental disorders and also to validate the disease concepts within a biomedical framework. The past few decades have revolutionized the research methods in psychiatry. The development of molecular genetics and brain imaging as well as methods for exploring psychoand electrophysiology in combination with conventional epidemiological and clinical methods has given psychiatrists new dimensions of very powerful tools to explore the psychobiology of mental phenomena. The formulation of operational criteria for diagnostics and symptom evaluation represent other suitable tools for large scale psychiatric research projects. Experience from the past century have demonstrated that heterogeneity within current diagnostic groups is considerable. To resolve heterogeneity clinical materials of the order of thousands of patients rather than up to a few hundred examined in current research projects are required. The development of computers, relational data base technology and biomathematics have assured possibilities for efficient handling of the vast number of data that such projects will generate. The past few decades have witnessed great efforts with regard to standardization of psychiatric clinical research methods. Such standardization will in the future be required regarding the brain imaging modalities and methods for recording other types of psychophysiological and electrophysiological data. Another important research area concerns the cross-checking and sharing of methods and results between various research centers. Psychiatry as an academic discipline has its deepest roots in Europe, where in the latter half of the nineteenth century the beginning of our current conceptualization of mental disorders took place. Observant clinicians in France, Germany, Austria and England made the first systematic descriptions of clinical phenotypes assumed to represent more or less homogeneous disease entities based upon common features in the symptomatology and course of the perturbations observed. At the beginning of last century several European schools emerged where different emphases were placed on the role of environmental factors of psychological, social and physical type in relation to biological genetic mechanisms. In the middle of the twentieth century the introduction of physical treatment modalities, i.e. electroconvulsive treatment and selective psychopharmacological agents as neuroleptics, lithium and antidepressants, with specific actions on different forms of mental perturbations to some extent validated earlier classification Acta Psychiatr Scand 2002: 105: 321–323 Printed in UK. All rights reserved Copyright a Blackwell Munksgaard 2002


Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic civilization disease that is associated with numerous complications and disturbances in laboratory parameters. One of the observed changes in laboratory studies of individuals suffering from diabetes is a significantly low level of sodium.
Aim of study: The aim of study was to compare natremia with selected blood parameters determined on admission to hospital, and then to find correlation, if any, between those parameters.
Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 169 patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes and the average age of 72.43±11.62 years. We tested the correlation between natremia and: total, LDL and HDL cholesterol; creatinine; potassium; calcium; eGFRCKD-EPI and alanine aminotransferase levels in the patients. Statistical analysis was run on STATISTICA 13. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney, Spearmans' rank correlation and the Shapiro-Wilk tests were used to analyse factors affecting laboratory test results for the patients, perform correlation analyses and check the conformity with normal distribution, respectively.
Research results: A positive correlation was revealed between LDL level and natremia (p = 0.023), as well as between natremia and chloride ion concentration (p < 0.001) in the patients' blood. No correlation was found between natremia and sex, age, eGFRCKD-EPI, alanine aminotransferase, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, as well as calcium and potassium concentrations.
Conclusions: Statistically significant correlations were found exclusively between LDL level and natremia, and between chloride and sodium concentrations. High LDL level was correlated with high natremia, which requires further research due to the scant literature. The sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations are known to be interconnected by the need to ensure the electrolyte balance, as seen in the Gamble diagram. The remaining parameters were not statistically significant.


A major barrier in the multi‐purpose use of implantable materials is an incomplete integration with surrounding tissues, causing foreign body reactions, such as fibrous encapsulation and chronic inflammation. From its viewpoint, a universal method is suggested for cloaking any kind of substrate in specific cell‐made extracellular matrices (ECMs) via robust linkages for delivery of therapeutic cells. In addition, the feasibility of ECM‐coated substrates as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)‐laden coronary stent platform for endovascular implantation is investigated. Characteristics and stability of cell‐secreted ECMs anchored on a substrate are evaluated, and structural and componential features are revealed similar to those of native ECMs, with enough strength to enable practical uses. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the ECM coating effectively supports the adhesion, proliferation, and viability of EPCs and has selectively opposite effects on smooth muscle cells. The in vivo experiments using a porcine coronary model supports that ECM‐coated stents enable endothelial regeneration and inhibit neointimal growth, and the cell‐laden form is more effective than other stents. These results will allow the preparation of tissue‐integrating materials containing cellular microenvironments and safely coat surfaces with cells to enable long‐term implantation and the continuous managing of chronic diseases.


A keyboard apparatus of an electronic apparatus includes a key-switch structure including a membrane switch having contact points, keycaps for operating the contact points of the membrane switch, and actuators configured to urge the keycaps upwardly upon the keycaps being pressed down, and an upper cover configured to be part of a housing of the electronic apparatus and having a mount part, the mount part supporting the key-switch structure that is placed on an upper surface of the mount part, wherein the mount part is formed integrally with the upper cover.


In the present study, CoS2 thin-film electrodes are synthesized at different bath temperatures using a simple chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The bath temperature controls the phase stability of the CoS2 thin film along the in-plane direction up to 353 K. However, at 363 K, an oxide phase is included in the film. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed enhanced crystallinity of CoS2 as the bath temperature increased and evolution in surface morphology from immature nanoflakes to well-grown aligned mature nanoflakes. A specific capacitance of 800 F g−1 is obtained from cyclic voltammetry measurements by utilizing the 83.6 m2 g−1 surface area of CoS2 nanoflakes synthesized at 353 K. The hierarchical distribution of pores gives rise to a high specific energy and specific power of 40.74 W h kg−1 and 3333 W kg−1, respectively, as a result of utilization of the high electrochemically active surface area. Furthermore, good long-term cycling stability of CoS2 nanoflakes has been observed in a 2 M KOH electrolyte. A low impedance value suggests that the CoS2 nanoflake electrode prepared by a facile CBD method is a potential candidate for supercapacitor application.


CENTRAL venous access has become an integral component of modern medical care. Central venous access is defined as catheter placement with the tip positioned at the caval atrial region (1). The purpose of this document is to provide guidelines for reporting the methods and results of central venous access device (CVAD) studies (Table 1). Standardized reporting allows for comparison of the strengths and limitations of different devices, device insertion techniques, postprocedure care routines, and procedures to salvage device failure (2). The following CVAD reporting guidelines present the elements that should be documented in a study.


In the process of coal resources development, a large number of strip coal pillars have been left behind in the coal mines in central–eastern China. With the increase in coal mining depth year by year, the rock burst threat of strip coal pillars is becoming more and more prominent due to the influence of buried depth, geological structure, gob and other factors. Backfilling mining is the main means to recover the residual strip coal pillar. In order to investigate the effect of backfilling mining on the prevention and control of rock burst, taking the paste backfilling workface 1# of Gucheng coal mine as the engineering background, a comprehensive research method of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field monitoring was used to study the evolution of stress and of the overburden spatial structure of the backfilling workface under the control of the backfilled ratio. The results showed that the backfilling mining controls the movement and deformation of overburden by reducing the activity range of roof strata. The overburden fracture development height decreases with the increase in backfilled ratio, but there is a boundary effect influenced by the roof deflection before backfilling and the defective distance of roof contact. With the increase in backfilled ratio, the concentration coefficient of front abutment pressure, the vertical displacement of the roof and the development height of the plastic zone of overlying strata decreased obviously, which indicates that filling mining can effectively control the stress of surrounding rock and the movement of overlying strata. The field monitoring data showed that the influence range of the front abutment pressure of the paste backfilling workface was about 90 m and the maximum stress of the surrounding rock of the two entries did not exceed 7 MPa. The average daily frequency of microseism was 1.34, and the average daily total energy of microseism was 1.80 + 103 J, which decreased by 69% and 90%, respectively, compared with the caving method working face with similar geological conditions. The data above showed that the backfilling mining can effectively reduce the working face stress level and dynamic load strength to achieve the effect of prevention and control of rock burst.


The heterotrimeric PDZ complex containing LIN‐2, LIN‐7 and LIN‐10 is known to be involved in the organization of epithelial and neuronal junctions in Caenorhabditis elegans and mammals. We report here that mammalian LIN‐7 PDZ proteins form a complex with cadherin and β‐catenin in epithelia and neurons. The association of LIN‐7 with cadherin and β‐catenin is Ca2+ dependent and is mediated by the direct binding of LIN‐7 to the C‐terminal PDZ target sequence of β‐catenin, as demonstrated by means of co‐immunoprecipitation experiments and in vitro binding assays with the recombinant glutathione S‐transferase:LIN‐7A. The presence of β‐catenin at the junction is required in order to relocate LIN‐7 from the cytosol to cadherin‐mediated adhesions, thus indicating that LIN‐7 junctional recruitment is β‐catenin dependent and that one functional role of the binding is to localize LIN‐7. Moreover, when LIN‐7 is present at the β‐catenin‐containing junctions, it determines the accumulation of binding partners, thus suggesting the mechanism by which β‐catenin mediates the organization of the junctional domain.


Fusarium wilt is a plant disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum that generates significant economic loss to crops. A method to sustainably control F. oxysporum is utilizing biological agents, such as endophytic bacteria. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate endophytic bacteria from tomato plant tissue, which could inhibit the pathogen of wilt disease (F. oxysporum). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from local tomato plants in Muna Regency, Indonesia. Morphological characteristics such as size, shape, color and height of bacterial colonies were then determined by Gram staining using potassium hydroxide (KOH). Endophytic bacterial isolates were evaluated for their ability to inhibit F. oxysporum through inhibition and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production tests. Subsequently, analysis of variance was used to determine whether endophytic bacteria inhibited F. oxysporum growth, and if there was a significant effect, Duncan's test was conducted at 95% significance. HCN production was observed through qualitative methods. The results showed that four endophytic bacteria isolates, namely LBR I A03, SWR II B04, SDM II B05 and SWR I A02 inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum by more than 50%. It also revealed that four endophytic bacterial isolates were strong HCN producers and two were weak producers. Therefore, isolates showing antifungal activity in this study can be used as biopesticide agents to induce plant resistance to F. oxysporum.


An integrated model has been developed of a three-car tilting train. The model includes full non-linear wheel-rail contact modelling and significant suspension non-linearities. A realistic model of the tilt control system is also included. Simulations are presented of the effect of a number of system parameters on the behaviour of the tilting train. The development of a facility for hardware-in-loop testing of real tilt and active suspension control systems is discussed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E117109.


New methods of interacting with latest three-dimensional (3D) display technologies are rapidly being tested, however, it is not yet certain, which kinds of interaction design would be most suitable for users to manipulate and interact with 3D content. Physical gestures have been a natural and intuitive mode of interaction for human-human communication and ways to replicate this for human-machine communication is increasingly being explored. This proceeding attempts to review the current state of technology and the existing research on the use of gestural interaction with three-dimensional interfaces. The focus is on the use of hand-based gestures, the scope is to identify challenges and limitations of using gestures with 3D interfaces, and the goal is to find guidelines to select appropriate gestures to interact with 3D displays. The paper also highlights existing gaps and potential future research areas, in the technological and usability domains, that must be addressed before gestures can be used seamlessly with 3D interfaces.


Abstract —The effects of power-ground resonance in input/output buffer information specification (IBIS) models under non-ideal power supply are discussed. Though IBIS models are widely used as a behavioral model of input/output circuits in signal integrity assessments, problems of accuracy under non-ideal power supply have been pointed out. We discuss the cause of these difficulties and a solution by adding powerground impedance.


Abstract Kant's ontology of appearances implies that the numerical distinctness of empirical objects is grounded in their appearance-aspect, more precisely in space as pure intuition, in which alone such objects can be given. With distinguishing concepts things can only be thought: in contrast to Leibniz's complete concepts and to Kripke's rigid designators, Kant's general concepts do not entail their referents analytically. They must be applied to intuition, i. e. be completed synthetically. Consequently, Kant's ontology of merely singular (but not unique) individuals (Einzeldinge) is closely connected with a genuine semantics of synthetic reference via intuition, expressed by irreducible demonstratives such as "this", "here", and "now". Accordingly, the judgment "There can be (or could have been) indiscernibles" is synthetic-apriori, which distinguishes Kant's view both from skeptical empiricism and from heavyweight ontological realism.


Data sets in high‐dimensional spaces are often concentrated near low‐dimensional sets. Geometric Multi‐Resolution Analysis (Allard, Chen, Maggioni, 2012) was introduced as a method for approximating (in a robust, multiscale fashion) a low‐dimensional set around which data may concentrated and also providing dictionary for sparse representation of the data. Moreover, the procedure is very computationally efficient. We introduce an estimator for low‐dimensional sets supporting the data constructed from the GMRA approximations. We exhibit (near optimal) finite sample bounds on its performance, and demonstrate the robustness of this estimator with respect to noise and model error. In particular, our results imply that, if the data is supported on a low‐dimensional manifold, the proposed sparse representations result in an error which depends only on the intrinsic dimension of the manifold. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


BUNYI SEMBUNYI, an instrumental symphonic rock act from Kuala Lumpur, have premiered 2 amazing tracks in anticipation of their new EP called Ribut ...


The paper describes an input and output insulated AC to AC voltage converter, which has nearly unity power factor and regulating function, based on the bi-directional PPM (pulse phase modulation) switching technology. The converter also has AC to /spl plusmn/ variable DC voltage conversion function, that is operating at high frequency PPM control of the bi-directional solid state switching elements, which acts as synchronized to the AC power line polarity. By implementing the new type of AC to AC converter, wide power output capacity ranging from single phase 50 watt to three phase 50 kwatt can be covered, and might be adaptable to conventional power transformers or as replacement to slide regulators. The converter can also be applicable for UPS, battery charger and polarity inverse rectifiers for the servomotor or chemical treatment facilities.


Islamic boarding school is a place where students learn the knowledge of Islamic religion, Islamic boarding school has a characteristic with the term mondok or can be known as living in a dormitory. Santri from different regions have diverse cultures, make santri as a pluralistic society, respect pluralism and enable diversity to remain sustainable, with other meanings communities accepting integration as a common way to deal with cultural diversity, but still displaying their identity . This research aims to find out how multicultural counseling services in the Nurul Yaqin Islamic Boarding School which have students from outside the area, bring their respective cultures, so that they have cultural differences between BK teachers and students. Where multicultural counseling is a helping process that emphasizes the balance between the theory and practice of counseling in accepting and valuing kultutal santri or clients. This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative research methods. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the multi-cultural counseling service at Nurul Yaqin Islamic Boarding School is still not well implemented, because the BK teacher is not from a BK background, so the BK teacher does not understand the existing counseling techniques, especially the problem of multi-cultural clients, teachers BK does not understand the client culture and the client culture is more similar, while clients come from a variety of areas that must be understood by BK teachers, and students' problems often originate from different cultures. The BK teacher should understand the client's culture so that it is easier to know what causes the client's problem and the client can find a solution to the problem. So as to be able to carry out multi-cultural counseling in a professional manner so that clients are able to understand themselves and alleviate the problems they face so that from KES-T (disrupted effective day-to-day life) to KES (daily effective life).


With the explosive development of social networks, users' behaviors are prone to be socially connected. Social Network Operator (SNO) can effectively collect communication data which reflects users' social behaviors and construct a social graph which precisely characterize relationship among users. Users who exert online influence on their friends can potentially affect their friends' demand for wireless service. Therefore, the knowledge of users' influence would help Wireless Network Operator (WNO) make optimal operating decisions to maximize profit. This paper focus on the optimal pricing strategy of WNO when users' social influence is taken into consideration. We model SNO and WNO's relationship as a cooperative game. By formulating the interaction between SNO-WNO's coalition and users as a two-stage Stackelberg game, the optimal pricing strategy is derived which brings about extra profits. Moreover, we propose a generalized bargaining scheme based on contribution factor to divide extra profits between operators. Simulation results reveal the fact that wireless network operator's possession of influence information does incur extra profits. In addition, feasibility of SNO and WNO's cooperation is validated.


Solid-holdup,which is significant to the design and optimization of reactor,is an important parameter to assess solid suspension in stirred tank.In this work,solid-holdup in gas-liquid-solid system was measured by detected hydrophone signals combined with the partial least squares(PLS) analysis.It was revealed that a characteristic frequency band of hydrophone signals representing the particle motion was in accordance with the results of FFT analysis.A regression model between solid-holdup and hydrophone signal was built up.Comparing the real values with predicted results,it shows that the correlation coefficient(R) is larger than 0.89,the average relative deviation(ARD) is less than 1.02% and the root mean squared error of prediction(RMSEP) is less than 1.73%.Good precision of the prediction model has been verified.It is concluded that hydrophone is feasible for determining solid-holdup in stirred tank and it have the merit of being sensitive and accurate.


A power grid is regarded as one of the most critical infrastructures for modern societies, since most of the human activities are highly dependent on the availability of high-quality power supply. Vulnerability of a power system is an essential indication of a grid prone to cascading failures. Undoubtedly, vulnerability analysis plays an important role in the electrical power industry. Therefore, many analytical methods have been proposed for vulnerability assessment. In recent years, the rapid development of complex network theory has provided a new angle on the vulnerability analysis of a power grid. However, current analyses are usually general ones that may ignore the dramatically changes on the penetration level of renewable energy in the grid. Data shows that the capacity of renewable energy generations has increased over 10% each year all over the world. The stability of power grids are greatly impacted by the unpredictable fluctuating characteristics of these renewable resources, which means the networks may be more vulnerable, especially under attacks. In this paper, the complex network model for vulnerability analysis is introduced. Based on the traditional model, an improved vulnerability analysis model given renewable energy integration is proposed. Then, numerical simulations are investigated based on simplified model of the South Eastern (SE) Australia Power System and realistic data of solar and wind output in Australia. The results show the impact of renewable energy sources on power network under different penetration level and load conditions. In addition, some possible recommendations are given for the future research and grid planning.


Absturact: The stem segments as the explants from Chinese herb Lysimachia christinae were cultured on MS media composed of different phytohormones. The results showed the buds and shoots were easy to be induced and grew rapidly on MS+6 BA 0.5~1.5 mg·L -1 +IBA 0.2~0.5 mg·L -1 and MS+6 BA 1.5 mg·L -1 +NAA 0.5 mg·L -1 , and roots easy to form on MS or MS+IBA 0.1 mg·L -1 .


Be and HR-I stainless steel was diffusion bonded by hot pressing. The microstructure, composition and phase distribution and mechanical properties of the joints were analyzed using the optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning auger microspectroy (SAM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD), and the effect of different interlayer materials Cu and Al and Ag-Cu alloy was also discussed. The results show that it is not easy to joint Be and HR-1 stainless when Al was used as the interlayer material, but good joints can be obtained using Cu and AgCu alloy as the interlayer materials, because the formation of Be-Fe brittle intermetallic compounds was prevented. Ag-Cu alloy is the best interlayer materials among them, as it can reduce the mutual diffusion between Be and Fe.


High resolution pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) exceeding 10-bits are thermal noise limited. Typically for low-power switched capacitor (SC) circuits, the thermal noise of the op amp is the dominant source of noise as compared to the switches. This paper proposes a thermal noise canceling technique for pipelined stages that cancels the thermal noise of the op amp. The technique involves capturing the noise by an auxiliary DAC and then canceling the noise in the signal path. Circuit level simulations are done in IBM 32 nm SOI process. A case study of thermal noise cancellation for various resolution pipelined ADCs is also done.


To design high specific surface area and optimize the pore size distribution of materials, we employ a combination of carbonization and KOH activation to prepare activated carbon derived from ground grain hulls. The resulting carbon material at lower temperature (800, BSAC-A-800) exhibits a porous structure with a high specific surface area of 1037.6 m2 g−1 and a pore volume of 0.57 m3 g−1. Due to the synergistic structural characteristics, BSAC-A-800 reveals preferable capacitive performance, showing a specific capacitance as high as 313.3 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, good rate performance (above 73%), and particularly stable cycling performance (99.1% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1). More importantly, the assembled symmetric supercapacitor using a water-in-salt electrolyte (17 m NaClO4) with high discharge specific capacitance (59 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), high energy density (47.2 W h kg−1) and high voltage (2.4 V) represents significant progress towards performance comparable to that of commercial salt-in-water electrolyte supercapacitors (with discharge specific capacitance of 50 F g−1, energy densities of ∼28.1 W h kg−1 and voltages of 2.0 V).


Urban water systems have great potential in water and energy saving. A thorough water losses component assessment can reveal this potential and drive utilities into a proper water management scheme towards a more sustainable use of resources. The core of such an analysis would involve ICTs –establishing a continuous and real-time or near real-time monitoring history— and spatiotemporal simulation of all relative critical variables within the water distribution network. In this work, we introduce an integrated Decision Support System, which aims to reduce excessive pressure in the network, reducing water and energy waste, respectively to the real spatio-temporal water demand. The DSS integrates all physical features such as the network and the water meters, as well as forecasting and modeling algorithms, providing for optimum decision regarding the operation of the whole system. The DSS offers a series of KPI estimates, regarding the impact of pressure control management on leakage and pressure driven household water consumption, among others.


Several emerging stroke therapies require patients to be treated within several hours of symptom onset. Past studies have documented a significant delay between symptom onset and hospital presentation. As part of an experimental treatment study using tissue-type plasminogen activator, we began a multifaceted program of public and professional education to reduce the delay in presentation and referral of acute stroke patients.The educational efforts focused on improving the recognition of stroke symptoms, the study enrollment criteria, and the need for rapid treatment of stroke patients. This program included 1) interviews on television and radio, 2) newspaper articles, 3) lectures to local and regional primary care and emergency department physicians, 4) mailings to several thousand local physicians, 5) having neurologists on-call for referrals 24 hrs/day, and 6) use of the Duke Life-Flight helicopter.Since starting our program, 139 of 159 (86%) patients with cerebral infarction presented primarily to our...


The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of antioxidant property Klotho
by examining 8-hydroxy-2'- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), as a marker of oxidative damage in nucleic
acids in patients with hemodialysis and kidney transplantation.
Materials & Methods: Serum samples from 45 patients undergoing hemodialysis and 45 patients with
stable renal transplant recipients were collected. Klotho levels, 8OHdG, iPTH and vitamin D (25 (OH)
D) were measured using standard methods.
Results: Klotho level in hemodialysis patients was significantly higher (p≤0.001). Considering the
serum levels (8-OHdG), there was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.242). Serum
parathyroid hormone levels in hemodialysis patients was significantly higher while the correlation
between serum levels of iPTH and Klotho in none of the two groups were observed.
Conclusion: It seems that high levels of Klotho in hemodialysis patients is a secondary response to high
levels of parathyroid hormone, or just due to the use of immunosuppressive drugs in renal transplant
recipients


This study was carried out to investigate the effect of inclusion of dietary supplementation of peppermint (Mentha piperita) and Thymus vulgaris on growth performance, blood parameters of finishing lambs. Eighteen Sanjabi male lambs with average body weight of 21.6±1.5 (kg) (mean ± SE) in a completely randomized design were allocated to three treatments and six replications. During the finishing periods (90 days) the lambs were to weighted individually every 15 days and average daily gain and average daily feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, blood biochemical parameters, enzyme activity of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were determined. Statistical significant differences were found in daily weight gain, dry matter intake between three groups . Concentrations of cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), blood creatinine levels were not influenced by addition of either thyme or peppermint to the diet. While triglyceride, glucose and urea were significantly lower in lambs received these plants in their diets. The results showed that addition of thyme or peppermint at a concentration of 3% on DM basis to diet or improve on nutrient digestibility and increased feed intake and average daily gain. Key word: fattening lambs, Performance, Blood metabolites, peppermint, Thyme.


Book Citations: Authors, Title, HemaSphere, 2023;7(S3):pages. The individual abstract DOIs can be found at https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/pages/default.aspx. Disclaimer: Articles published in the journal HemaSphere exclusively reflect the opinions of the authors. The authors are responsible for all content in their abstracts including accuracy of the facts, statements, citing resources, etc. 1061 Patients with CLL displayed an impaired activation of innate cytokine responses upon infectious stimuli prior to acalabrutinib treatment, despite increased levels of myeloid immune cells. This suggests functional impairment, potentially due to expansion of immature and suppressive immune cells. Importantly, acalabrutinib normalized cytokine responses after 14 cycles of treatment, with detectable improvements already at cycle 3. We have previously reported impaired LPSand R848 stimulated cytokine responses to predict severe disease course in hospitalized COVID-19 patients (Svanberg et al, Commun Med, 2022). Thus, we hypothesize that the improved innate immune function upon acalabrutinib treatment in patients with CLL may also translate into a reduced risk of infection-related complications, which will be subject for further investigation. HemaSphere | 2023;7(S3) EHA2023 Hybrid Congress Copyright Information: (Online) ISSN: 2572-9241 © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the European Hematology Association. This is an open access Abstract Book distributed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) which allows third parties to download the articles and share them with others as long as they credit the author and the Abstract Book, but they cannot change the content in any way or use them commercially. Abstract Book Citations: Authors, Title, HemaSphere, 2023;7(S3):pages. The individual abstract DOIs can be found at https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/pages/default.aspx.Book Citations: Authors, Title, HemaSphere, 2023;7(S3):pages. The individual abstract DOIs can be found at https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/pages/default.aspx. Disclaimer: Articles published in the journal HemaSphere exclusively reflect the opinions of the authors. The authors are responsible for all content in their abstracts including accuracy of the facts, statements, citing resources, etc. 1062


This article evaluates the coping practices adopted by households in East‐Central Europe following the collapse of the socialist bloc. Drawing upon the New Democracies Barometer (NDB) survey, it is here revealed that although a common assumption is that post‐socialist societies have under gone a transition to greater reliance on the market, an analysis of household coping practices provides little evidence that this is widely the case. Instead, households in most post‐socialist societies continue to rely heavily on a multiplicity of economic practices in order to secure their livelihoods with little, if any, shift over time towards the use of the formal economy in general and the market in particular. The outcome is a call for recognition and appreciation of the heterogeneous economic practices being used by households in East‐Central Europe and for greater consideration to be given to the contributions of the in formal sector in securing livelihoods.


A clock data restoring device (1) restores a clock signal and data based on an inputted digital signal. The clock data restoring device is provided with an equalizer section (10), a sampler section (20), a clock generating section (30), an equalizer control section (40) and a phase monitor section (50). A level adjustment quantity of the digital signal at the equalizer section (10) is controlled by loop processing by the equalizer section (10), the sampler section (20) and the equalizer control section (40). On the other hand, when a phase difference between a clock signal (CK) and the digital signal is larger than a prescribed value, the control is stopped by the phase monitor section (50). Thus, the clock signal and the data are more correctly restored.


A firm's behavior is constrained by its access to resources owned or controlled by different constituencies in its environment. Mergers and acquisitions are one way to proactively manage these resource dependencies. Research on resource dependence reducing merger and acquisition patterns provides an important cornerstone of resource dependency theory and a basis of our present knowledge of the aggregate industry-level merger and acquisition patterns. However, due to the predominant focus on inter-industry merger and acquisition patterns in earlier research, much less is known as to whether the same logic could also be applied to explain intra-industry merger and acquisition patterns. In this chapter, we extend the resource dependence results to an intra-industry context. In particular, we show that mergers and acquisitions among pharmaceutical firms tend to take place among firms with technological and competitive interdependencies. To distinguish our finding from the competing resource scale and scope explanations, we show that the likelihood of a resource dependence reducing acquisition is moderated by the crowding of firms' technological positions and prior alliance ties. Consistent with the resource dependence explanation, both weaken the effect of overlapping technological positions even though both alliance ties and crowding otherwise are positively related to merger and acquisition patterns in line with the social structural explanations.


This paper discusses the requirements for expression of product assembly and product design process in detail.Based on analysis of product assembly object,an object-oriented product assembly model is presented.The class and class structure of object-oriented assembly model are designed and implemented.The expression and manage of product information,object-oriented characteristics and support for top-down design of the assembly model are analyzed.The presented assembly model has been used in design of software systems.


The impact of universities on the economic wellbeing and innovative potential of regions has been the object of intense scholarly and policy interest in the last years. Despite this interest, a clear picture is missing in relation to the roles universities are seen to play, the benefits of university activities and the mechanisms through which they occur. This paper proposes a review and a critique of current views on the role of universities and their associated policy implications. To achieve this, the paper identifies five "models" for universities as they are reflected in the literature, each advocating different set of roles of universities, different spatial aspects of interactions, as well as different mechanisms for university engagement. National and regional innovation and research policies tend to explicitly or implicitly reflect one or a combination of several of these models, giving rise to potential contradictions or conflicts of policy rationales and objectives.


We developed oligo-DNA microarrays of common wheat. These microarrays were designed to include approximately 32,000 unique genes represented by a large number of expressed sequence tags (ESTs). In order to characterize the salt-responsive genes in common wheat, the expression profiles of transcripts that responded to salt-treatment were monitored using the microarrays. Two-week-old seedlings of Chinese Spring wheat were treated with 150 mM NaCl for 1 h, 6 h and 24 h, and total RNAs in their roots and shoots were separately subjected to microarray hybridizations. It was observed that 5,996 genes demonstrated a more than 2-fold change in expression. These genes were classified into 12 groups based on their expression patterns. These salt-responsive genes were assigned functions with Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Genes assigned transcription factor, transcription-regulator activity and DNA binding functions were preferentially classified as early-response genes. On the other hand, the genes assigned transferase and transporter activity were classified as late-response genes. These data suggest the existence of multiple signal transduction pathways in response to salt stress in wheat. The expression level of transcription factors (TFs), which have been reported to be involved in the salt-tolerance pathway, were observed to change in response to salt treatment. Only a few of those TFs demonstrated high sequence similarity with genes in rice. Furthermore, comparison of the microarray data for wheat and rice revealed a small number of commonly upor downregulated genes in these plants. These investigations suggest that salt-responsive genes distinct from those observed in rice might exist in wheat. The wheat genes identified in this study are candidates for genes involved in salt-stress tolerance.


When we appreciate sports or music event at the stadium or the concert hall, we can feel atmosphere of the event site and get impressed by the live performance. We have studied visual and sound delivery system to convey the reality as if you enjoyed the event from the premium seat. We propose the interactive panorama video system which consists of panorama video synthesis, panorama video coding and streaming to offer highly sensational user experience through the network, by user's interactive controlling of viewpoint and high-quality visual and sound information.


Shifting from a problem-based system of supports for those who are experiencing co-occurring substance and mental health disorders, there has been an increased need to explore the importance of fun, play, and pleasure's role in recovery. The following article describes an innovative intervention, New Visions of Me, with women in New Haven, Connecticut, who have experienced homelessness and dual disorders to find new ways of bringing pleasure, play, and joy into their lives. Particular attention is paid to lessons learned during the project. For 6 months, eight female clients of a New Haven homeless shelter worked with four peer mentors in recovery and nine staff members to develop the New Visions program, dedicated to creating opportunities for fun. Participants were asked to brainstorm a list of things they would do if they had unlimited time, money, and freedom in order to (1) try something new, (2) take care of themselves, (3) reconnect with the childlike parts of themselves, and (4) connect with other women in recovery. Joy, fun, and pleasure are often overlooked by people with dual disorders and their providers in the course of the difficult work of recovery, and particularly with women in recovery. While engaging in something fun may require new skills and be challenging at times, the benefits to individual clients and recovery communities is immeasurable, particularly when clients and staff collaborate on program development and implementation.


displaying real objects or scenes in three dimensions. A holographic display provides realistic 3-D imagery, allowing an observer to perceive light with the naked eye as it would be if scattered by an actual object or scene. This technique has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Large-sized and static holographic displays, including fullparallax holographic stereograms created by using special holographic recording materials, and very small-sized and dynamic holographic displays based on current commercially available spatial light modulators (SLMs), have been realized by some companies and scientific research institutes. However, a largesized, dynamic, full-color, holographic 3-D display has proved elusive, due to several technology limitations. Recently, however, dynamic holography has progressed substantially due to the discovery of some new holographic materials. In 2010, a holographic 3-D telepresence, dynamic and near real time, was presented by Blanche et al. in Nature, in which a holographic display that can refresh images every 2 sec was demonstrated in a photorefractive polymer as a holographic material. Recently, a quasi-real-time holographic display with a refresh rate of five holographic images per second was reported by Kinashi et al. However, these achievements do not yet represent real-time dynamic holographic displays. In this article, we describe how we created a real-time, dynamic holographic display by using holographic recording thin film with a super-fast optical response. Holographic images can be refreshed on the order of a millisecond without crosstalk using this new film. Both the formation time and self-erasure time have been shown to be around 1 msec, with the film being completely self-erased in each cycle. Moreover, because there is no need to apply any external electric field onto the thin film, it is easy to fabricate it into a large size without the need for creating true pixels because there is no required matrixaddressing structure. We think this holographic film is potentially suitable for a largesized holographic display because it will produce higher resolution and a much larger viewable area than existing commercially available spatial light modulators (SLMs). As is known, human observers can see and process the scattered light from an object, which includes intensity information as well as wavefront/phase information. In conventional photographic two-dimensional displays, only intensity information is recorded and subsequently displayed. Therefore, the wavefront/phase information of the object cannot be reconstructed. In holography, coherent light is used to record interference between light scattered from the 3-D object and a reference beam to form a hologram in the recording medium [see Fig. 1(a)]. Hence, both the intensity and wavefront/phase information of the object are recorded. To reconstruct the original 3-D object, we simply illuminate the recorded holographic information, i.e., the hologram, with a coherent reference beam [see Fig. 1(b)]. However, this does not present a perfect holographic technique. It is necessary to solve some practical problems in terms of the size of the hologram, real-time response, resolution of the recording medium, Real-Time Dynamic Holographic 3-D Display


Abstract Prion diseases are invariably fatal and highly infectious neurodegenerative diseases that affect humans and animals. Rabbits are the only mammalian species reported to be resistant to infection from prion diseases isolated from other species (I. Vorberg et al., Journal of Virology 77 (3), 2003–2009 (2003)). At the end of 2007 the NMR structure of rabbit prion (124–228) was deposited into protein data bank (PDB entry 2FJ3). This paper studies the inhibition mechanism of rabbit prion at molecular structural level by molecular dynamics simulations.


1. Many members of the tandem‐pore K+ channel gene family have been reported to be present in cardiac cells. However, the pattern of gene expression of these channels in the heart is a matter of some dispute.


When computer systems communicate sensitive information, it is often desirable, if not imperative, that one party know certain properties about the other. This may be as simple as confirming the external party's identity, e.g. by checking a signature against a known public key, as is ubiquitous among internet protocols. Alternatively, one party may demand stronger guarantees before engaging in sensitive communication. For example, it may wish to know that the target system is reasonably secure. The target could respond to such a request with evidence that it is running trusted anti-malware software and routinely scanning for threats. Perhaps this evidence is sufficient in the current context, or perhaps the other party demands deeper evidence, such as a glimpse into a portion of the current kernel memory, as in to detect an evasive rootkit. All of these activities may be generalized into the broader notion of remote attestation, which is defined as the process in which a computer system constructs evidence reflecting its state and/or identity, with the purpose of convincing an external system of its trustworthiness. For systems which communicate sensitive information, remote attestation is an essential tool for identifying malicious or compromised actors. However, attestation evidence can only be considered as trustworthy as the architecture it was collected on. Trusted attestation demands strong memory separation properties to guarantee the integrity of its measurements and the confidentiality of it private keys. If an application on the system is able to distort this sensitive attestation data without detection, then the attestation evidence can no longer be considered trustworthy. Thus, popular general-purpose operating systems such as Windows or Unix derivatives form an insufficient architectural foundation as a result of their loose and dynamic memory semantics. Ideally, systems in need of rigorous attestation capabilities would be built atop a separation kernel which could statically isolate sensitive attestation data from the rest of the system. Existing systems could be ported to such a kernel, but in practice, doing so would be prohibitively time-consuming. Instead, we offer a generic solution which accommodates a multitude of existing systems by embedding a general-purpose operating system into a separation kernel, and providing attestation capabilities to both layers. Specifically, we use seL4 as our separation kernel, and a sandboxed Linux virtual machine running under seL4 as our general-purpose operating system. Not only is the seL4 microkernel formally verified with respect to its specification, it has also been proven to enforce memory isolation under proper configuration [1], the defining property of a separation kernel. Existing Linux systems are effortlessly incorporated into our attestation architecture by dropping them into the Linux virtual machine layer. Also present in the Linux layer is an attestation component which is able to measure the Linux layer, but is unable to observe the outer seL4 layer. The seL4 layer is likewise equipped with an attestation component. However this component can measure not just its own layer, but also the embedded virtual machine. In this schema, the Linux attestation component is responsible for the majority of attestation, while the seL4 component is largely relegated to routine measurements that aim to abate the aforementioned concerns regarding attestation within Linux. Collecting attestation measurements within Linux is more performant and easier to implement than at the seL4 layer, but also less trustworthy as a result of the lack of stringent memory separation. Conversely, measurements made by the seL4 attestation component are highly trusted due to the static memory isolation enforced at this layer. Therefore, measurements made by the Linux layer may be bolstered by coupling them with recent evidence collected by the seL4 layer demonstrating the Linux virtual machine to be free from malicious processes tampering with the attestation process. Our architecture enhances trust in attestation by continually extending trust at runtime from the seL4 layer to the Linux virtual machine layer. We aim to extend this chain of trust backwards as well, such that trust is not placed in the seL4 layer a priori, rather it is derived from some check during the boot process that the proper image is loaded into memory. Naturally, this chain of trust would extend all the way down to some root of trust, likely a secret hardware-specific private key. Finally, we aim to incorporate key management into the chain of trust process, whereby a layer's private key is only delivered to its attestation component after it has been measured. Ultimately, we hope to have an architecture which both establishes trust in the boot process, but also continues to establish trust through attestation.


Abstract : The population of this research was the second years students of SMA N egeri 2 Dumai. By using sample random sampling technique, the researcher chose 34 students of class X5 as control group and 34 students of class X2 as experimental group. The research was the quasi-experiment one with the 2x2 factorial study conducted in the second semester of the academic year of 2009/2010. The data were collected using the Likert Scale with the alternative answer of SL, SR, KD, JR and TP and achievement test. The collected data were analysed by employing the t-test and anava. The data analysis showed that : (1) The learning achievement of the students in mathematics subject who were taught by using the computer media was better than those who were taught by using the simple media; (2) The students with high learning motivation and who were taught by using computer media had better learning achievement in mathematics subjects compared to those who were taught by using the simple media; (3) The students with low learning motivation who were taught by using computer media had better learning achievement in mathematic subjects than those with low learning motivation and were taught by using the simple media; and (4) There was an  interaction between learning computer media with learning motivation towards learning achievement in mathematics subjets.


Background: Prediction of pregnancy in Artificial Reproductive Techniques through evaluation of thickness, morphology and vascularity of endometrium. Methods: Endometrial thickness, morphology and sub endometrial blood flow were assessed using trans-vaginal ultrasound on the day of HCG in 200 undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment in the period between October 2009 and December 2014. Statistical analysis was done. Results: There was no difference in the demographic features between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Overall, 80 patients conceived; 46 (57.5%) of them had blood flow in zone III and 30 (37.5%) in zone II. All patients achieved pregnancy had endometrial thickness >8 mm. There was no significant difference in Doppler indices between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Conclusions: When the endometrial thickness is <8 mm, and if there are non-triple endometrial line, pregnancy rate decreases and the absence of colour mapping of the endometrium and subendometrial areas means and absolute implantation failure or a significant decrease of the implantation rate. Conversely, the pregnancy rate increases when the vessels reach endometrium.


This study addresses the association of diverse individual variables, traditionally associated with sexual risk practices in the general population, with sex under the influence of alcohol in adolescents with divorced parents. A sample of 132 adolescents provided information about their knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS and sexual risk behaviors, self-concept, social anxiety, and sexual sensation seeking. Binary logistic regression revealed that not having sex under the influence is associated with a more positive predisposition to practice safe sex when finding an obstacle, and with less sexual sensation seeking. These and other findings are discussed.


This chapter is an introduction to the book "The semantics of dynamic space in French: descriptive, experimental and formal studies on motion expression". An overview of research on the expression of space in French -and, more specifically, on motion expression- carried out the last twenty or thirty years is first provided. The different contributions to the book are then introduced following the internal structure of the volume: descriptive work on arguments, modifiers, asymmetry of motion, and on manner of motion and fictive motion; pyscholinguistic studies on eye tracking and gestures in motion descriptions; formal and computational aspects of motion-based narrations. The last section of the chapter focuses on some data/results set out in the book and the questions that these date/results raise. The discussion tries to show how recent research on motion expression in French can contribute to partly renew the debates on dynamic space in language and cognition by reconsidering, for instance, the notions of path and manner and their articulation.


Three carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines, 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhlP), and 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (4,8-DiMelQx), have been detected by capillary zone electrophoresis in rain water and accompanying suspended particulates collected during haze episodes originating from major forest fires in Southeast Asia. The haze enveloped much of Southeast Asia, including Singapore, during August through October 1994. These compounds were not detected in rain samples collected in November 1994 after the haze had dissipated. This finding suggests that combustion of wood and vegetation is a likely source of these carcinogens in rain water.


Abstract This study focuses on the information adoption behaviours in online communities, and investigates how such behaviours affect the purchase intention of consumers. A research model was constructed to investigate the impact of electronic word-of-mouth on information adoption in online customer communities. A survey was conducted using a sample of 100 respondents and a partial least squares approach was used to validate the research model. The research results concluded that timeliness and comprehensiveness of information, trustworthiness and quality of information have positive influence on information usefulness, which in turn predicts the consumer purchase intention.


We present a quantitative NMR study comparing the metabolic activity in a spheroid and a monolayer of the same number of MCF-7 cells. Both cultures were carried out under hypoxic conditions on microfluidic devices with 2.5 µL sample volume. NMR spectra were obtained by periodically inserting the devices into a dedicated micro-NMR probe. The results demonstrate that quantitative, non-invasive metabolomic monitoring of microfluidic cultures with as few as 1250 individual cells is possible. Metabolite concentrations in the cultures were found to change linearly with time. The consumption rates of D-Glucose and the production rates of L-Lactic acid were approximately 2.5 times larger in the monolayer than in the spheroid. In contrast to the spheroids, monolayers exhibited significant production of L-Alanine and L-Glutamine. Due to its non-invasive nature, metabolic monitoring by NMR can complement destructive fluorescent-based assays that are commonly used for read-out in microfluidic cultures.


The article deals with the becoming and development history of the English and American researchers narrative typologies of ХХ centuries, that remain actual in modern narratology. Under "narrative typologies of ХХ century" scientists understand typology classifications of novels narration, that do possible consideration and classification of its invariant components, narrative structures and their expressions methods. Their principles were formed by the representatives of English-American scientific school (were worked out by H. James and P. Lubbock, and specified by N. Friedman, W. Booth) and got the name "The inductive typology of narration" in science. Dynamic development of narrative theories resulted in the subsequent of internal text communication and selection in her two prospects, that were declared yet by ancient philosophy: diegesis (discursive aspect of narration) and mimesis (his visual aspect, show). So, American scientific Norman Friedman continued P. Lubbocks tradition in consideration of novel narrations forms, gave attention on a "Points of view" concept, offered the carefully worked out system of its varieties. Under other visual angle the problem of Narrative forms and Narrator was examined by the American philologist W. Booth, asserting that any the narrations - it one of rhetoric forms, by means of that an author protects the "interests secret or obvious, predetermining the reaction of reader on the work".
Investigating on the examples of well-known novels the category of presence / absence of teller in history, that is told and his external / internal position in relation to it, representatives of English-American scientific school formulated the detailed typology of novel narrative forms in the aspect of "point of view" and tellers "voice", that became their main achievement in narratology. This typology is fruitfully used in the modern scientific studios of narrative and its forms, spreading from linguistics and literary criticism to psycholinguistics, pragmatic, sociolinguistics, gender researches.


Chilli, Capsicum annum L. is an annual herbaceous spice/vegetable/cash crop grown in both tropical and sub-tropical regions. Among the fungal diseases anthracnose or ripe fruit rot of chilli caused by Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler and Bisby is one of the limiting factors in cultivation of chilli. The survey revealed that the highest severity of anthracnose of chilli was recorded in Nalsvadi (46.35%). Plant extracts Ocimum sanctum, Neem Gold (300 ppm), Achook (1500 ppm) and Neem Fighter (10,000 ppm), T. harzianum, commercial bioagent Biocure F and Criyagen F, organic products Neem oil and Neem oil plus butter milk were found highly effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of C. capsici. Highest fungal population before planting and at flowering was noticed in Vermicompost (VC50%) + Farm yard manure (FYM50%) equivalent to recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) with seedling dip in Panchgavya @ 3%, sulfur @0.2%, panchagavya @ 3%, nimbicidine (0.03% EC) @ 0.25% and VC 50% + FYM 50% equivalent to RDN with seedling dip in cow dung slurry @ 10% + Trichoderma harzianum @ 10g/l, sulfur @ 0.2%, nimbicidine (0.03%EC) @ 0.25%. The highest bacteria population before planting and at flowering was noticed in untreated check (VC50% + FYM50% equivalent to RDN) and VC50% + FYM50% equivalent to RDN with seedling dip in cow dung slurry @ 10g/l + Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/l, sulfur @0.2%, nimbicidine(0.03%EC) @ 0.25%. Highest germination, seedling growth and vigour index was noticed in(VC50% + FYM50%) equivalent to RDN along with seedling dip in cow dung slurry @10% + Pseudomonas fluorescens 10g/l, sulfur @ 0.2%. The field trial results indicated that VC50% + FYM50% equivalent to RDN with seedling dip in cow dung slurry @10% + Pseudomonas fluorescens 10g/l, sulfur @ 0.2% recorded least per cent disease index and per cent infection in first and second picking and yielded(4.38q/ha).


Whether the Emergency School Aid Act (ESAA) study design provided airtight controls, comparable units of measurement, and sufficient cases is a question over which researchers will "go to the mat". They will be positively cavalier, however, over whether certain funds allegedly spent for each student were, in fact, so spent. To be sure, this disjunction in research orientation is hallowed by precedent. In the 1966 Coleman Report, in which some of the conclusions depended heavily upon accurate spending data, per-student financial figures were reached by dividing the school district budget by the number of schools. An average figure per student and per school was thus deduced. Substantial equality of expenditures per student was proclaimed.


To explore relationships between the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of different grades of olive oils (OOs) (extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), refined olive oil (ROO), and pomace olive oil (POO)) and odor quality, VOCs were measured in the headspace of the oils by proton transfer reaction quadrupole ion guide time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The concentrations of most VOCs differed significantly between the grades (EVOO > ROO > POO), whereas the abundance of m/z 47.012 (formic acid), m/z 49.016 (fragments), m/z 49.027 (fragments), and m/z 115.111 (heptanal/heptanone) increased in that order. Although the refined oils had considerably lower VOC abundance, the extent of the decline varied with the VOCs. This results in differences in VOCs proportions. The high VOC abundance in the EVOO headspace in comparison to ROO and POO results in a richer and more complex odor. The identified C5–C6 compounds are expected to contribute mainly to the green odor notes, while the identified C1–C4 and C7–C15 are mainly responsible for odor defects of OOs. Current results reveal that processing strongly affects both the quantitative and relative abundance of the VOCs and, therefore, the odor quality of the various grades of OOs.


Techniques based on vacuum bagging (VB) and electrophoretic impregnation (EPI) have been investigated for the impregnation of SiC powder into layered Nicalon SiC fabric preforms. The aim was to produce preimpregnated samples for subsequent chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) with reduced intertow porosity that arises from the construction of the fabric layers while leaving unblocked the intratow porosity that is so indispensable for a successful infiltration. Because the goal was simply to learn about the ability to impregnate the samples, no interphase coating was applied to the fibers as would normally be used when producing SiCf/SiC composites. While the VB process generally yielded much stronger preforms, depending on the pressure used and the powder particle size, it resulted in powder becoming located in the intratow rather than the intertow porosity. In contrast, provided an appropriate electrode arrangement was used, EPI offered the potential for a more controlled impregnation process with the powder primarily found in the intertow porosity; however, the preforms were very weak and delaminated easily. The combination of the two processes resulted in a very successful approach, with greater uniformity of particle infiltration and higher green strengths, while largely avoiding impregnating the intratow porosity.


By using semiotics from Roland Barthes, this paper analyzes gender expression and draws gender role ideology from Your Name by Sinkai Makoto. In order to do this, we choose two main character playing each gender role and study signifiant and signifie of their appearance, backgrounds, characters, and...


of real life. However, virtual life is formed by the influence of the information stream, which constantly sets new "trends", including "trends" on morality. That is why a person begins to perceive only those events that are contained in this stream. Moreover, s\he can express his\her empathy only when s/he him/herself is able to join this stream and express it in virtual life.


In order to understand further the interactions that exist between specific organometallic complexes and DNA, reactions of double-stranded calf-thymus DNA with bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride [Cp2TiC12] (mC), bistr-butylcyclopentadienyl) titanium dichloride [(C4~Cp)2TiC12] (r-butyl TDC), bis(i-propylcyclopentadienly) titanium dichloride [(C3~Cp)2TiCIJ a-propyl mc), bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) titanium dichloride [(Cp"}zTiC1:J (pentarnethyl TDC), triphenyltin chloride (Ph 3SnCI), diphenylrin dichloride (Ph 2SnC12) , and triphenyltin acetate (ph3SnOAc) were performed. The goal of [his research is to establish how the fundamental structure and composition of these compounds determine the effecti veness of their DNA interactions. Each metal compound was incubated with calf thymus DNA at several metal: DNA ratios and reactions were maintained at 37°C at a pH of 6 or 8. Multiple time points were taken of each reaction mixture and for each time point the modified DNA was isolated via ethanol precipitation. Modified DNA was then analyzed by ICP-AES (to determine the amount of bound metal), by Picotrreen" fluorescence spectroscopy (to determine the amount of DNA) and by HPLC separation of enzymatic digestions (to determine the relative percent area of each of the four bases in modified and control DNA). The titanium compounds were also incubated with a synthetic 11 base pair oligomer of double stranded DNA at room temperature and analyzed with HPLC and ICP to determine the amount of bound Ti to the DNA over time. Preliminary data is presented and DNA-binding trends will be discussed.


Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are the most common devices used to separate dust, fumes or fog from a gas. Many factors are involved in the filtration process, which requires optimization and continuous monitoring of collection efficiency. The resistivity is one of the important factors that significantly affects the performance of an ESP. It has a particular effect on the behavior of the dust layer once deposited on the collecting electrode. The particles (e.g. PVC) that exhibit a high resistivity are difficult to charge, but once charged, they do not easily give up their acquired charge in contact with the ground electrode, which causes an increase in surface potential and consequence the appearance of back corona phenomenon. Therefore, in order to have an optimal filtration efficiency, the electric field intensity must be as high as possible (close to the breaking voltage) in order to ensure a better loading of the particles which have high resistivity, but without provocation an electric arc. The purpose of this article is to propose a new practical technique for the control of a wirecylinder configuration ESP, based on the automatic variation of the high voltage by a motorized potentiometer (PM) in order to maintain the set point discharge current. Automatic voltage control varies the power of the high voltage power supply in response to signals received from the ESP. The surface potential of the pollution layer as well as its resistance can be deduced in-situ under electrical discharge for different particle sizes. The estimation of the thickness of the dust layer (as a function of time) is possible since the density of the dust is known. Proc. 2018 Electrostatics Joint Conference 2


The competence to argue is fundamental for participation in social discourse and for responsible action, as different actions can be evaluated, weighed and justified through argumentation. Such argumentation skills should be acquired in geography lessons. These lessons often deal with societal debates such as migration, climate change and sustainability, which are char-acterised by a certain multi-perspectivity. Since different types of materials are often used in geography lessons, this study is dedicated to material-based, multi-perspective written argumentation. First, a model is presented in which a set of didactic requirements for material-based, multi-perspectival argumentation on space use conflicts in geography lessons is presented. Then the results of a small study are presented in which seventeen 8th grade students wrote argumentative texts about a space use conflict. The results show that the students incorporated correct, but limited information from the material into their arguments. The arguments were mostly thematically appropriate, but imprecise. They found it easier to use the con-tinuous text materials than the discontinuous text materials. Students also had difficulty presenting their argumentation in a multi-perspective way, but were able to express their own opinions about the conflict. These results can help to under-stand where teachers can better support their students in writing such arguments.


The first thing to remember is that the patient is not just a pair of tonsils, or perhaps, a skin, a prostate gland, or a pregnant uterus. This is a person. And it is essential that you should treat the patient as a person, as an individual who has feelings just like you and I have, who has a family background like you and I have, who has personal, domestic, and business problems, as most of us have. Now, the second thing I think we have to take into account is our own problems and our own ignorance. I personally feel that if ever I know anybody who knows more about the subject than I do that I can call him in, if it is necessary. One obviously does not want to bring in a very eminent thoracic surgeon merely because one's patient has an acute bronchitis. But one would always like to feel that if one gets into difficulties, one could. I learned a great deal by being associated with two Sergeant-Surgeons to Their Majesties. (The office of the Sergeant-Surgeon is a very ancient one, and it his function to accompany the monarch into battle.) The first one that I knew was Wilfred Trotter. He became a fellow of the Royal Society because of his contributions to psychology. He was the man who invented the herd-instinct. Wilfred Trotter was primarily a brain surgeon, but he was an excellent general surgeon. When he was asked to come and see a very difficult patient, the patient always became like clay in Trotter's hands. And I know how he did it. He always listened to what the patient had to say, and he made it plain that he had listened, and not only that, that he had ·understood. I think this is the first


Abstract The author contends in this essay that the thematic scope of Black theology can be significantly broadened through a consideration of tensive aspects and mysterious elements in African Diasporic religions. These motifs are explored through a theoretical examination of Ibeji and Olokun, two Yoruba principles encompassing tensionality, mystery, and a superabundance of meaning. The study counteracts a form of positivism found in James Cone's articulation of liberation and in the works of other Black theologians who embrace his formulation. This feature of Black theology is problematic, for it functions to distort and downplay the great complexity of Black religious experience. If Black Theology is to maximize its relevance, meaning, and impact in the Black Atlantic Diaspora, then it must identify and develop new discursive trajectories such as the one offered herein. The author's approach adds to those utilized by Charles Long, George Thomas, Josiah Young, Dianne Stewart, and others.


In incubation studies with the microsonial fraction of various tissues of the rat, the ability to metabolize testosterone, determined as the decrease in NADPH2 absorbance, was found to be rather high in various gastrointestinal tissues but lower in several non-gastrointestinal tissues. In one case, some of the numerous metabolites were identified with hepatic, ileal mucosal and heart tissues. All of them apparently produce at least 4-androstenedione, 5α-androstanedione, and 17 β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one.


A recent increase of failures of high voltage potential transformers, due to insulation breakdowns, cause great concern in the utility industry. The need for in situ testing of installed instrument transformers to confirm the loss or remaining quality of the insulation material has led to the adoption of well-established laboratory test methods for applications in electrical substations.


Discrimination for sound frequency is essential for auditory communications in animals. Here, by combining in vivo calcium imaging and behavioral assay, we found that Drosophila larvae can sense a wide range of sound frequency and the behavioral specificity is mediated with the selectivity of the lch5 chordotonal organ neurons to sounds that forms a combinatorial coding of frequency. We also disclosed that Brivido1 (Brv1) and Piezo-like (Pzl), each expresses in a subset of lch5 neurons and mediate hearing sensation to certain frequency ranges. Intriguingly, mouse Piezo2 can rescue pzl-mutant's phenotypes, suggesting a conserved role of the Piezo family proteins in high-frequency hearing.


Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical emergency associated with substantial mortality. Tranexamic acid may be effective for reducing mortality in upper gastrointestinal bleeding.


The variety of factors affecting migration decisions of medical doctors are confronted with the opinions of medical doctors operating in Morocco. The major objective of this exercise is to see how individual and environmental factors are perceived by each medical doctor who has selected to stay or to return to the country of origin after his or her medical studies. The method used in this research is based on the analysis of the information and data from a survey of physicians. This survey is based on the inputs from 117 medical doctors operating in different cities of Morocco. The results reveal that those with lower age and higher difficulties in medical practice constitute most of the medical doctors to relocate overseas. The migration conditions are also found to have a significant negative effect on respondents' intention to migrate. The study reveals as well that labor wages, gender, the status of the hospital (private or public), and the situations prevailing in hospitals do not significantly affect the attitude of respondents about migration. These results confirm that the surveyed doctors have selected to not migrate but to operate in Morocco while those that migrate could have opposite assessments for the same factors. All the surveyed doctors have confirmed the importance of intensifying cooperation between hospitals and medical schools on both sides of the Mediterranean region. This cooperative framework creates new incentives for the promotion of exchanges of medical doctors, knowledge, and experiences between the South and the North. The intensification of this collaboration allows medical doctors to be more mobile, creating a new win-win process that is far from the brain-drain type of vision. Youssef Chetioui Al Akhawayn University, Morocco


Energy recovery capacitance coupling logic (ERCCL) was developed to improve the energy efficiency of adiabatic logic circuits. The non-adiabatic loss of ERCCL is independent of the size of the associated circuit and the load capacitance, but depends only on the circuit gate count. The ERCCL logic is not implemented through a switch logic network but through capacitance coupling, which reduces its turn-on resistance and adiabatic losses. ERCCL not only reduces dissipation at the circuit level, but also facilitates optimization of losses and performance through the chocce of the threshold logic topology in the architecture level. A 4-bit ERCCL adder was designed using TSMC 0.35 μm technology for comparison with a 4-bit 2N-2N2P adder and a static CMOS adder. An hspice simulation showed that the dissipation of the ERCCL circuit is only 46% of the 2N-2N2P adder and 20%~31% of the static CMOS adder. So compared to the truditional CMOS circuits the energy of ERCCL is reduced greutly.


In this work, the influence of the binders on the mechanical properties at high temperatures and on the reduction process of the chromite self-reducing pellets were studied.
Compression strength was evaluated at room temperature after submitting them to the temperatures of 1173, 1273, 1373, 1473 and 1573. Bentonite, hydrated lime, molasses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and sodium silicate were tested with different contents.
Initially, all the materials (chromite, ferrosilicon, petroleum coke and binder) were characterized by chemical analysis and particle size. After this, the materials were agglomerated as 15 pellets (P1 to P15). The compression strength was measured for green pellets, during curing period for 28 days, after drying and after submitting at high temperatures profiles. Decrepitation tests were also done. After reduction experiments, at 1773K, the products obtained (slag and metal) were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The best performance was obtained by the pellet P15 (4% sodium silicate as binder): it reached a compression strength of 5 kg-f/pellet (dry pellet) and of 15 and 15.5 kg-f/pellet, after heat treatment at 1173 and 1273K, respectively. None of tested pellets presented decrepitation. The pellet P15 achieved unitary reaction fraction, after 10 minutes at 1773K. It was observed slag formation after 3.5 minutes, harming the reaction CO/Chromite.

Keywords: Ferrochromium, Self-reduction, Self-reducing pellets, Chromite.


The Razor charges are flexible linear shaped charges employed in demolitions, and able to be
easily placed around curved structures. This work investigated the shock response of the Razor
liner, a composite containing a polymeric matrix and copper powder; and the properties of the
Razor explosive PlSEM, a plastic explosive based on PETN and RDX. As shock and detonation
are fast phenomena, techniques with suitable time resolution (in the nanosecond range) were
applied to capture the response of the liner material under both explosive and non-explosive
shock loading, as well as to determine the detonation parameters and effects of PlSEM. The goal
of this thesis is to provide a scientific basis of the liner and explosive behaviours to allow not
only critical understanding of the dynamics of the Razor jet formation and target penetration
but also uncover material properties that could expand the areas of application of the polymer
bonded copper powder.


A simple and convenient method for the synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) carrying a linker with a terminal sulfhydryl group at the 20-position of uridine residue has been developed. First the synthesis of 20-O-levulinyl protected uridine phosphoramidite (1) was accomplished. The synthesis contained 5 steps and included temporary blocking of 50and 30-hydroxyl groups by tetra(isopropyldisiloxane)-1,3-diyl (Markiewicz) protective group, treatment by levulinyl anhydride, cleavage of the Markiewicz group, tritylation and phosphitylation. After synthesis the ODNs immobilized on CPG, contained the uridine unit with 20-hydroxyl group protected by levulinyl group at the chosen position of a strand. The 20-hydroxyl group was selectively deblocked by hydrazine hydrate. Our method consists in the addition of diamines of different length to the functionalized 20-hydroxyl group of uridine residue which was preliminarily included into ODN structure. For conjugation with diamines the treatment by one of bifunctional reagents


Star anise (Illicium verum) has been used in folk medicine of China, India, and most other Asian countries to treat stomach aches, vomiting, insomnia, dermal inflammation and rheumatic pain as well as a common spice usage. The present study was designed to investigate the possible ameliorating effect of star anise fruit extract against Etoposideinduced nephrotoxicity in rats to prove the evidence of its traditional pharmacological effectiveness. A total of 40 male Wister albino rats were divided randomly into four groups (1 st group was control; 2 nd group was treated with star anise, 3 rd group was received Etoposide, and 4 th group was treated with both star anise and Etoposide. The administration of Etoposide significantly caused elevation in creatinine, blood urea, sodium, potassium and chloride while calcium ions was significantly decrease when compared with control group. Co-treated rat with star anise and Etoposide maintained the levels of the measured some parameters (creatinine, chloride and calcium ions) closer to the normal values while urea, sodium and potassium ions were significantly decrease when compared with Etoposide group. Histopathological evidence, together with observed Ki67-ir, supported the detrimental effect of Etoposide and the ameliorating effect of star anise water extract on renal toxicity. Finally, it could be concluded that star anise has a promising role and it worth to be considered as a natural substance for ameliorating the renal toxicity and injury induced by Etoposide chemotherapy.


Importance of the field: Herpes viruses are associated with a wide spectrum of clinical diseases and impose considerable morbidity and even mortality in immunosuppressed hosts. Although there is no cure for these conditions, available treatments alleviate symptoms, suppress recurrences and reduce the risk of transmission. Valacyclovir was discovered in 1988 and revolutionized the treatment of these infections by virtue of its less frequent dosing regimen, which promotes patient adherence. Areas covered in this review: This review focuses on the basic principles, mechanisms of action, safety and approved and off-label usage of valacyclovir in the immunocompetent and immunocompromised host. What the reader will gain: The reader will have available the current and most up-to-date information on the pharmacology of valacyclovir as well as its clinical use. Take home message: Valacyclovir is a great alternative for the treatment of herpes infections. Now that its patent has expired, new cheaper formulations may start to appear.


From the results obtained by the double probe method with a high frequency multistep pulse voltage, some aspects of the ionization of detonation waves in propane-oxygen mixtures and the influences of shock waves there on were explained. The experimental results further show that it is possible to obtain a relatively stable high speed plasma flow having about 1012/cm3 ion density through a Laval nozzle from reflected detonation waves. They suggest also that the plasma of detonation should be isothermal.


Increasing evidence that Iran has embarked on a course that will lead it to develop nuclear arms in the near future has reintensified the debate about the ways the world should react to such a danger. Ques- tions concerning ways to deal with the proliferation of nuclear arms are of course not limited to Iran, but also include other nations or groups that might employ nuclear arms, especially North Korea and terrorists.


Nargis Abbas, Uzma Ashiq, Ayesha Abbas Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Pakistan, firstname.lastname@example.com Department of Social Work, University of Sargodha, Pakistan, firstname.lastname@example.com Leads Business School, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan, firstname.lastname@example.com ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT History Revised format: November 2020 Available Online: December 2020 In the advanced business world, training is an indispensable tool used to build the new abilities, skills and enhance the employee' knowledge which in result boost the employee performance. The current research aims to investigate how training influences employees' performance in the presence of job satisfaction as a mediator in civil society organizations of Pakistan. The quantitative survey research design was used. A sample of two hundred and nineteen employees was drawn from civil society organizations of Punjab, using the Krijchi and Morgan Table. A questionnaire was adopted as a tool to collect the data. Hierarchical regression was run to analyze the mediating impact of job satisfaction on the relationship between training and employee performance. The results indicated that training has a direct positive relationship with the performance of the employee. Further, job satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between training and employee performance. It is suggested that need base and interactive trainings should be provided to enhance employee's performance.


Abstract In this study, the effects of low molecular weight chitooligosaccharides were assessed. Low molecular weight chitooli-gosaccharide evidenced no cytotoxicity in in vitro trials with the normal cell line, Vero E6(Africa green monkey kidney cell). The IC 50 of low molecular weight chitooligosaccharide was 923.20 ㎍/㎖. Low molecular weight chitooligosaccharide exhibited in vitro antineoplastic activity in five human tumor(lung carcinoma, bladder carcinoma, colon carcinoma, stomach carcinoma, breast carcinoma) cell lines. The IC 50 values of low molecular weight chitooligosaccharide on A549, J82, SNU-C4, SNU-1 and ZR75-1 were 477.42 ㎍/㎖, 480.40 ㎍/㎖, 436.84 ㎍/㎖, 373.55 ㎍/㎖, and 539.95 ㎍/㎖, respectively.Key words: low molecular weight chitooligosaccharide, cytotoxicity, antineoplastic effect. † Corresponding author: Heon-Kuk Park, Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Dongnam Health University, 937 Jeongja-dong, Jangan-gu,Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 440-714, Korea. Tel: +82-31-249-6423, Fax: +82-31-249-6420, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Cross-correlation measurements and related coherence spectra for a range of nozzle geometries and jet Mach numbers were studied in an attempt to understand the coherent nature of jet mixing noise from the small-scale structure and that from the large-scale structure using a number of nozzle geometries. Nozzle geometries include: (1) three conical round nozzles; (2) an ASME nozzle; (3) a two-tabbed conical round nozzle configuration; (4) a four-tabbed conical round nozzle configuration (5) a rectangular nozzle with an aspect ratio of 8, and (6) a Mach 1.67 converging-diverging round nozzle. Extensive coherence measurements between a number of microphone pairs both in the side line and in the downstream direction of the jets were analyzed. For one nozzle geometry, data was also acquired at a microphone located at the jet centerline and its correlation measured with the noise at other microphones. All of the data indicates that jet noise is highly coherent in the downstream direction and with the exception of very low frequencies is incoherent in the sideline and upstream direction as long as the microphones are separated by 10 to 20 degrees. At Strouhal numbers of less than about 0.1, the jet noise is found to be coherent at all microphones and further understanding is needed at


An operational processing system is described for the automated retrieval of cloud‐top heights (CTHs) and amounts from the Gridded Brightness Temperature (GBT) 1 km product derived from the dual view of the Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR‐2) instrument onboard the ESA ERS‐2 satellite. A new stereo matching algorithm, called M4 is described together with the overall processing chain for retrieving cloud‐top heights and amounts. M4 is based on the successful stereo matchers, M2 and M3 which have been in operation with the NASA MISR sensor since March 2000 and which have also been applied to mapping cloud fraction in the polar region using ATSR‐2 (Cawkwell and Bamber 2002, Cawkwell et al. 2001). Results in companion papers (Naud et al., Denis et al. 2007) describe the accuracy achieved using this algorithm and detailed scene‐by‐scene results are available from http://cloudmap.org under results‐>UCL‐>ATSR‐2 Validation. We assess the impact of cloud‐top winds on the accuracy of the retrieved cloud‐top heights and conclude that for most middle and lower tropospheric clouds, cloud‐top winds will have little, if any, noticeable impact. We show how ATSR‐2 cloud‐top heights at the different wavelengths (particularly visible compared with thermal IR) can sometimes yield information on multi‐layer clouds which is unique to ATSR‐2. The processing system has recently been applied to three years of ASTR‐2 GBT data and results are shown. These results are available from the British Atmospheric Data Centre (http://badc.nerc.ac.uk/data/list_all_datasets.html?source = data).


Mixed sedimentation of terrigenous clastics and carbonates was a sedimentary phenomenon and of special sedimentation mechanism and significance. It was extensively developed in Mantou Formation in Dabeiwang area in Cambrian period. Detailed studies about characteristics of the mixed sedimentary rocks in this area were conducted on the basis of regional geological data and field observations, as well as intensive thin section analyses in present research. Mixed sedimentary environments were the occurrences of sedimentary facies such as mixed tidal flat, mixed restricted platform, mixed open platform and mixed platform margin. In combination with the tectonic settings and guided by the sedimentary principles, the authors proposed a mixed sedimentation model of the Cambrian Mantou Formation of Dabeiwang area in Xuzhou. The authors further summarized and discussed the controlling factors of the mixed sedimentation.


The mines subordinate to Jinneng Coal Company are all coal and gas outburst mines,their No.3 seam is an outburst seam and all seams are also extracted in group of seams,so they have the conditions for extracting protective seams.In this paper,the authors analyzed the outburst prevention measures which were taken in the extraction of protective seams,exposing an outburst seam in a crosscut and coal heading face,defined the outburst hazard of No.3 seam in No.1 Mine of the Company in the process of drivage and mining so as to take appropriate measures and preventive means.For the area without outburst hazard,prevention measures need not be taken,this thus librated the produvtive force in coal face,raised coal output and ensured the mine safety.


The COVID-19 pandemic affects the tourism industry not only in terms of demand, but also in terms of the physiological and psychological health of employees. Due to temporary closure of businesses and restrictions on travel, there has been a rise in loneliness, stress, depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Factors such as vague instructions, increased workload, worsening of the consequences of errors, and intervention in the home life of employees can create stress among employees. Face-to-face communication with customers causes anxiety because of the risk of getting sick and infecting family/friends. This anxiety can decrease the performance of employees and even result in leaving work. In this context, it is important to determine what needs to be done to protect the psychological health of employees in the tourism industry and to provide psychological resilience against new outbreaks that may arise in the future. © Dogan Gursoy, Mehmet Sarıışık, Robin Nunkoo and Erhan Boğan 2021.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore attitudes of university students in Jeju for social distance to foreigners.
Methods: Subjects are from university: 490 students who reside in Jeju. The data were collected using a structure
questionnaire from March 2012. SPSS/WIN 18.0 program was used to analyze the data with descriptive statics and
ANOVA. Results: The result summarized as follow; Firstly, the ranks of social distance toward foreigners is North Korean
refugees, Americans, Korean-Chinese, Southeast Asians, Japanese, Chinese. Secondly, gender, paternal occupation, paternal
highest education level, economic status, experience of visiting a foreign country and experience of meeting a foreigner
significantly effect on the attitude of social distance. Conclusion: Based on the result this study suggests that objective
information about various countries and neutral perspectives should be provided to university students, and contents
and policies of systematic education for multi-cultural values should be established.


The free shrinkage of ceramic and metal is restricted due to the solder solidification.Hence the shrinkage stress arises and reduces the jointing strength during the brazed welding of vacuum interrupter.There are two ceramic and metal jointing forms in vacuum interrupters,named standing straight weld beads and planar weld beads.The solder bound contour lines of standing straight weld beads were gained by solvent solder energy bound equation,and the finite element model of standing straight weld beads was set up.According to the solder quantity and the weight of mount die,the finite element model of planar weld beads was set up.The stress in two different weld beads was calculated.By comparing the stress and the pulling trials,it is concluded that the stress of standing straight weld beads is smaller than that of planar weld beads.Its overall pull and joint strength per square meter are greater than those of planar weld beads.


Several bio-composites of chitosan (CS), as the hydrophilic natural polymer, were prepared by composition with 2, 5, 10 and 15 wt% of rice husk ash (RiHA), as the bio-based filler, via solution casting. These composites were obtained with the aim to improve the hydrophobicity, thermal stability, and degradation mechanism of pure chitosan. The resulting bio-composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and FT-IR spectroscopy as well as XRD analysis. The SEM images showed amorphous morphology, irregular shape, and the number averaged size of 32 μm for the RiHA particles dispersed in the composites. Investigation of thermal properties of the RiHA-reinforced chitosan composites by TGA/DTG and DSC measurements has revealed some improvements in the thermal behavior of chitosan by the RiHA filler. For instance, the composite made of 15 wt% filler was found to be thermally more stable as it degrades at significantly higher temperatures than the composites containing other portions of the filler. Unlike the other samples that are degraded in three-steps, the weight loss of the composite having 15 wt% of RiHA occurs in two steps. Additional experiments showed that the composites are more hydrophobic than virgin chitosan and the hydrophobicity of the samples is increased by increasing their RiHA component.


Recently, Chinese Syntax-aware Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) has attracted the attention of many researchers because syntax information is related to semantic role labeling intuitively. In this paper, we integrate constituency representation into SRL by combining multiple methods into a unified model. Specifically, our proposed model combine three methods for integrating constituent into SRL, including pipeline (use syntax structure), hard parameter (share encoder), implicit representation integration (not share encoder). We verify the effect of our model on Chinese Proposition Treebank (CPB) 1.0 dataset and conduct some ablation experiments to verify the impact of various parts of the model.