The present invention relates to a NOx reduction catalyst and a method of manufacturing the same. The NOx reduction catalyst comprises vanadium, the auxiliary metal, and titania support, the vanadium or first supported on the titania support than the auxiliary metal, it is impregnated with the vanadium and the grant to the trick-titania support. The NOx reduction catalyst production method of vanadium precursor solution, the auxiliary metal precursor solution, and preparing a titania support and the vanadium precursor solution, said titania-cost of the vanadium and of the auxiliary metal contained in the sub-metal precursor solution contained in and a step of supporting the support.


Simple Summary Liver metastasis is a major therapeutic challenge and common cause of death for patients with colorectal cancer. While systemic treatment especially chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment, selected patients with liver-only metastasis may further benefit from liver-directed therapies. Direct infusion of chemotherapy into the liver metastases via an implantable hepatic arterial infusion pump (HAIP) is potentially an effective way to improve treatment response and survival in selected patients. Here, we reviewed the literature utilizing HAIP as a liver-directed modality alone and in combination with systemic chemotherapy. We discussed two cases who were successfully treated with this combinatorial approach and achieved remission or prolongation of disease control. We discussed the limitations, toxicities of combined systemic and HAIP modalities. Lastly, we provided insights on the use of HAIP in the modern era of systemic treatment for colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and the second most common cause of death in the US. Liver is the most common site of colorectal metastases. About 13% of patients with colorectal cancer have liver metastasis on initial presentation and 50% develop them during the disease course. Although systemic chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the mainstay treatment for patients with metastatic disease, for selected patients with predominant liver metastasis, liver-directed approaches may provide prolonged disease control when combined with systemic treatments. Hepatic artery infusion pump (HAIP) chemotherapy is an approach which allows direct infusion of chemotherapeutic into the liver and is especially useful in the setting of multifocal liver metastases. When combined with systemic chemotherapy, HAIP improves the response rate, provides more durable disease control, and in some patients leads to successful resection. To ensure safety, use of HAIP requires multidisciplinary collaboration between interventional radiologists, medical oncologists, hepatobiliary surgeons and treatment nurses. Here, we review the benefits and potential risks with this approach and provide our single institution experience on two CRC patients successfully treated with HAIP in combination with systemic chemotherapy. We provide our recommendations in adopting this technique in the current era for patient with colorectal liver metastases.


The rapid social transformation that occurs in modern longevity societies ensures that successive generations encounter some unique situations people of other age groups cannot experience firsthand. When this happens, peer group communication becomes dominant and causes generational isolation. These conditions present an urgent need to develop a societal plan for education that enables people of all ages to become aware of what is expected of them for contributing to their collective potential. When each generation is viewed as a separate culture, understanding cultural diversity depends on getting to know the needs experienced by other age groups and becoming responsive to them. This chapter presents the priority goals and concerns of Generation Z, Millennials, Generation X, Boomers, and the Silent Generation. The chapter's purpose is to actualize the concept of lifelong learning, from childhood through old age, by motivating sustained development of maturity as demonstrated by reciprocal caring by all generations.


Let {Sn = (Xn,Wn)}n�0 be a random walk with Xn ∈ R and Wn ∈ R m . Let � = �a = inf{n : Xn > a}. The main results presented are two term asymptotic expansions for the joint distribution of Sandand the marginal distribution of h(S�/a,�/a) in the limit a → ∞. These results are used to study the distribution of t-statistics in sequential experiments with sample size �, and to remove bias from confidence intervals based on Anscombe's theorem.


There are two characteristics of the present unemployment insurance legal system of Japan.First,the government and enterprise have pay much attention to job training of the staff.Second,they also improve staff own skills to prevent the unemployment.There are several reasons of the characteristic's formation.First,they learn the experience from reform of the Western country.Second,they have taken some measures in order to avoid structural unemployment.Third,they strengthen the responsibility of the government.Forth,they have the tradition on staff skill training.In the improving progress of China,it is valuable for us to learn the experience from Japan.


point of view as opposed to obedience), criticism and the ability to do with this information in his own way - in fact, the right to individuality.


The purpose of this study was to identify activities involved in implementation of reengineering in new product development process on Bieichi technology. The process consisted of ways in which Bieichi technology could be reengineered and developed in Malaysia. The study used a case study through semi-structured interview sessions with 16 respondents from Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), National Solid Waste Management Department (NSWMD) and Syngas Sendirian Berhad (Syngas Sdn. Bhd). The findings yielded that there have 7 process the organizations could use to turn their ideas in reengineering on Bieichi technology into a potential valuable product in the future. Moreover, this study provides guidelines to developers in the development of Bieichi technology. Future study should analyze Bieichi technology in terms of challenges and it's commercialize values in Malaysia in order to ease the implementation of Bieichi technology in Malaysia in the future.


The conceptual stabilization against blowoff, of a steady planar flame in a homogeneous gaseous premixture flowing at a speed in excess of the adiabatic flame speed, is examined theoretically. The stabilization is achieved by means of a highly localized, continuous, nonintrusive enthalpy deposition, uniformly in a plane downwind of the flame position. The position of the flame relative to the enthalpy source is found as a function of the strength of the source (or, equivalently, of the magnitude by which the hot-boundary temperature exceeds the adiabatic flame temperature). This theoretically achievable stabilization seems pertinent only for fundamental laboratory investigations, because the source must heat every fluid element of the flowing stream. It is noted that, with less energy input, a continuous point (or line) source of energy could stabilize an axisymmetric (or planar-symmetric), semi-infinite bluff-body-configured flame, because only that portion (of the flowing premixture) that passes near to the source would (and need) be augmented in enthalpy. A = a = CP = D2 = Dp = Do = h°F = h0 = hp = I = k = M = m = mF = m0 = mp = m Nomenclature


The author considers alternative strategies used by business elites in the public policy sphere. Factors influencing business community representatives political behavior are revealed.


Having taken (F.O.) the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) as part of the MRCPsych part I, I found that the skills acquired for the exam were less helpful in my day-to-day clinical work than presentations of cases to senior colleagues. These allowed me to have a more comprehensive


By using conventional methods of mathematical statistics,this paper focused on the heat and precipitation resources change trends and its impact on local agriculture in the context of global warming in recent 50 years in the western Liaoning province on the basis of collected data from 1960-2009.The results showed that in recent 50 years lighting resources declined in western Liaoning province of 406h reduced annually.The annual average temperature and accumulated temperature ≥0℃ showed significantly increased trend of 1.7℃ up annually.The annual accumulated temperature increased 307℃·d.The annual precipitation showed an obvious decreasing trend of 62mm reduced,markedly fluctuating in the intergenerational scales.For light resource rich western Liaoning area,the reduced sunshine hours has not shown adverse effects;however the higher temperatures,decreased precipitation in the west of Liaoning present climate warming and drying trend,which will have a huge impact on the agriculture development in western Liaoning.In this paper,light,temperature,water were studied for improving the understanding of the impact of climate warming on agricultural production,and enhancing the ability to address climate change,therefore providing the basis for the agricultural structure adjustment.


Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, b-blockers, and spironolactone (for patients with severe heart failure) have substantially improved survival in chronic heart failure. Because angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) provide specific and potent inhibition of the angiotensin type-1 receptor, there has been hope that they might extend the benefits of ACE inhibitors. ELITE-II found no benefit with losartan 50 mg a day compared with captopril. In retrospect, losartan may have been less effective than other ARBs or under-dosed. In Val-HeFT, valsartan 160 mg twice daily was beneficial in a population where 93% were on an ACE inhibitor, although subgroup analysis led to speculation that this benefit was largely restricted to patients not on ACE inhibitors and that addition of valsartan may have been harmful in patients treated with both ACE inhibitors and b-blockers. However, no such safety concern with valsartan plus b-blockers was found in the subsequent VALIANT trial. CHARM directly addressed the major questions raised by Val-HeFT. In CHARM, candesartan titrated to 32 mg a day reduced mortality and morbidity both in patients who were receiving ACE inhibitors and in those intolerant to ACE inhibitors. There was also substantial benefit in adding candesartan to the combination of ACE inhibitors and b-blockers. Among patients with low ejection fraction, candesartan resulted in highly significant reductions in cardiovascular death and heart-failure hospitalization, and in all-cause mortality. Thus, in patients with low ejection fraction, candesartan improves survival, regardless of background therapy. Candesartan should now be considered as another important treatment to further improve outcome in patients with chronic heart failure.


Writing spasm, one aspect of the limbspasm in motor neurosis, is the involuntarycontraction of muscles resulted from distur-bance of the cerebrum. Occurring mainly inpupils and intellectuals, this disease is charac-terized by various degree of involuntary trem-bling of hand and arm when writing or draw-ing without obvious abnormality in the move-ment of wrist and shoulder. In TCM, the ill-ness is named "spasm when writing" or" over-work of wrist and is thought to be caused bymalnutrition of meridians and tendons due tostagnation of liver Qi when the patient suffersemotional stress. We have gained a little ex-perience in the treatment of the illness


I. Anatomical.-The clavicle has a different mode of development from the ,other long bones, the shaft being ossified by the fusion of two centres which appear in connective tissue without an intermediate cartilaginous stage. This fused centre in the shaft is laid down early in foetal life, but the secondary centre at the sternal end does not appear until the eighteenth or twentieth year, joining the shaft at the twenty-fifth. 2. Biological. The Spirochacta pallida has a predilection for connective tissue, and it would thus be expected to settle in this bone, in much the same way as it chooses the membranous bones. 3. Mechanical. The continual strain to which the inner end of the clavicle is sujbected by movements of the arm tends to give a unilateral distribution to the lesion, corresponding to the rightor left-handedness of the individual.


In my opinion, there are 10 basic problems which must be addressed to insure effectiveness in materials management and market penetration:


With the prevalence of Internet and Web technologies, multimedia e-learning is becoming a popular method for distributing and delivering education resources. This study proposes a theoretical model to explore what factors influence college students' continuing intentions to utilise multimedia e-learning systems. To achieve this aim, a multimedia e-learning system was developed and employed in a technology university in Taiwan to support undergraduate course learning. The empirical results indicate that students show great readiness and positive intentions towards the system for their e-learning activities and, thus, present a possible benefit from its use in the long term. The research findings can proffer useful suggestions for multimedia e-learning practices and may serve as guidelines for the effective design of multimedia e-learning systems to enhance college students' continuing ongoing interests and activities in a virtual e-learning environment.


10th anniversary of the joint Masters in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) programme offered by Leeds and Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (GDUFS).


A unanimous definition of the term cloud computing does not exist, a circumstance that has spawned a multitude different definitions, explanations and a blurred view of the term to say the least. The term cloud computing must first be clarified in order to asses the cloud computing provider's (provider) responsibility for complicity in regards to the cloud computing user's (user) copyright infringement.

The term cloud computing can be divided between the cloud, which is the hard ware providing a service, and the service that is provided. By comparison and analysis of different definitions six recurring features emerges, these are the core features of cloud computing. Of particular importance are endless IT-resources, the user's lack of control over information uploaded into the service and access to the service via internet.

The concept of cloud computing is a result of further development of already known technologies, forged together to create a new technological entity. The nature of the provider's liability can therefore be sought by examining how the core features of cloud computing have been assessed by the judicial system in the past.

Legislation regarding internet provided services does not consider the provider liable for information uploaded by the users if the provider is to be considered an intermediary for the information passing through the service or if the provider is simply passively providing the service. The users lack of information control means increased control on the providers end. Such increase in control means the provider cannot be considered as passive nor an intermediary. The act of passively providing of service and therefore not be held responsible for information passing through the service can not be equated with providing a service based on the act of continuously and actively relocating such information uploaded into the service in order to expand the service's IT-resources.

A general understanding of the risk of infringement along with the fact that the provider without any assessment of the handled information over which the provider exerts control meets the required demands on gross carelessness. The provider's provision of the service is therefore to be regarded as aiding and abetting copyright infringement.

The provider is in any case to be considered as a so-called guarantor and as such liable if the provider omits to limit the service's possible aiding and abetting copyright infringement.


Translation study is important in systemic functional linguistics and Halliday's interest in it is of long standing.This paper traces Halliday's studies on translation,aiming to explore his thoughts on translation by reviewing his theoretical pursuit of a series of key topics such as the orientation of translation study,translation theory and translation equivalent,etc.


This paper explores the limitations and problems of family systems theory that have been discussed in recent years by feminist writers, narrative family therapists, and family system theorists who have adopted the constructionist view. Reconsiderations of family systems theory focus on the following concerns: (a) the emphasis on homeostatic processes in the family at the expense of understanding the family as a system that is continually changing, (b) the tendency to dichotomize between an individual perspective and a family systems perspective, (c) the potential for gender bias in family systems theory, (d) the challenge that social inequities and cultural diversity present for systems theorists, and (e) skepticism about the practice of defining reality and problems in the family exclusively from the privileged position of the researcher.

Social construction theory and an analysis of dialectical process are discussed as providing epistemological and substantive perspectives that can be corrective of some of the constraining aspects of family systems theory. A constructionist family systems perspective would incorporate social construction and dialectical perspectives into a process model for understanding family communication which: (a) views family process as evolutionary rather than circular, (b) explores the individual-system dialectic and the presence of dilemmas and contradictions in family relationships, (c) recognizes the potential for gender and cultural bias as one theorizes about relationships and families, (d) suggests that meanings and problems do not have objective realities of their own but are linguistically constructed, and (e) views the therapist-researcher not as an objective observer but as part of the system that is being observed. This paper argues that family systems theory is not a static model but one that is continually evolving and changing. Recent conversations in the family systems theory literature suggest that we have much to gain by adopting an interpretive, narrative framework for studying communication in family systems.


The reaction of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone with ethylenediamine in the presence of Cu(I)Cl or Cu(II)Cl2 gave 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphtho- (2, 3-f) -quinoxaline- 7,12-dione in quantitative yield at ambient temperature. The reaction was promoted greatly by copper ions. The possible mechanism and the role of copper ions were discussed.


The present study examined cognitive aspects of learning disabled children as reflected in the Hebrew version of the WISC-R. Sixty LD and 60 normal children were tested for differences on various aspects, such as Bannatyne's suggestion for recategorization of the WISC, scatter patterns, and discrepancies between the Verbal IQ and Performance IQ. Despite the translation of the test to Hebrew, the WISC-R preserved its ability to differentiate between LD and normal children. Nevertheless, certain limitations exist in the use of the test as a diagnostic tool for an individual child.


Use of adhesively bonded joints in structures has been increased in recent years because of their advantages. In structural applications, fatigue is generally considered to be the most important form of loading in respect to long-term service life. In this paper, experimental tests have been performed in order to examine the fatigue damage process of double lap adhesive joints, composed of E-glass laminates and epoxy adhesive with TiO2 P25 particles, under fatigue loading and then a method was proposed for fatigue life prediction based on initial stiffness. The scatter in results shows that the fatigue life is mostly dependent on initial stiffness. According to this, an exponential equation based on the initial stiffness has been proposed to have an initial estimation of fatigue life of the adhesive joints. In addition to the initial stiffness, stiffness degradation of the joints under fatigue loading influences on their final performance and therefore the initial estimation of fatigue life based on the initial stiffness could be modified. Also to have an online control of the fatigue damage process during the fatigue loading, a damage index using stiffness degradation was introduced.


To formulate natural product, chemists must use new and different techniques and minimally modified raw materials, illustrated here on natural shampoos


What Minna says of her beloved applies to Lessing himself: `Er spricht sehr oft von Oekonomie.' 1 Although money and money metaphors are fairly prominent throughout Lessing's dramatic work, economics makes a spectacular appearance in Minna von Barnhelm and Nathan der Weise, the canonized plays with which we will be most concerned. just what we are supposed to make of money's leading role has not yet been decided. The question of whether the omnipresence of money in the former play represents a critique of bourgeois society or a glorification of it, of whether in Nathan money and religion are allies or enemies, has evoked the most contradictory answers. As we shall show in the first part of our essay, Lessing ties a tight knot around love and money in his comedies, and whether money emerges as the hero or villain remains to be seen. Helmut Gobel sees in Lessing's treatment of money the message that human beings are not commodities,' and Hinrich C. Seeba, in his traversal of the plays in which money appears, similarly discerns criticism of a society based on economic exchange. 3 This does not prevent Heinz Schlaffer from viewing Minna and Nathan as affirmations of this same society. 4 Though it will be seen that we incline towards the latter point of view, one of our tasks will be to clarify the pronounced ambiguity of the role that money plays in Lessing's comedy. Money, we will discover, is a rather mysterious substance for


The most common cancer diagnosed in the UK is breast cancer, which is the most common cancer among women (Deo et al, 2004). The risks of developing lymphoedema are greater when both surgery and radiotherapy are used; there is a higher incidence of lymphoedema in these patients (Gilbert and Mortimer, 2001). Breast-cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) is a chronic progressive condition and is the precursor to a lifetime of on-going management and attention, which can be disruptive to daily living and activities (Harmer, 2009). An important part of the care of breast cancer survivors is the provision of advice on precautions and lifestyle modification to reduce the lifelong risk of developing BCRL (Nielsen et al, 2008). Patients' ability to manage and cope with their illness depends on their understanding of the experience (Johnson et al, 1997). Healthcare professionals (HCPs) should provide breast cancer patients with both written and oral information at every follow-up appointment to help reduce the risk of developing lymphoedema. The purpose of this systematic review was to explore whether knowledge about BCRL is adequate among patients and whether HCPs are assisting in reducing the risks of developing this condition.


The magnet system of the Eindhoven synchrotron radiation source EUTERPE (400 MeV) consists of dipoles of unconventional design and construction. Laminated rectangular blocks of transformer steel are fixed together and comprise the dipole magnet (dim. 48/spl times/39/spl times/35 cm/sup 3/). Apart from a small quadrupole component, a field uniformity /spl Delta/B/B of 2/spl times/10/sup -4/ over 4 cm at 1 T is obtained in a 2.5. cm gap. The support system is based on static and dynamic analysis. The resultant "six degree of freedom" manipulator (position accuracy /spl ap/0.02 mm) can easily adjust 3 positions and 3 angles of rotation of the magnet. Because of the stroke of the adjustable rods being small (/spl ap/5 mm), these rods have "elastic hinges" as attachment points. Design and construction have been done at the Central Design and Engineering Facilities of the Eindhoven University. A description of the magnet system, prototype magnetic field measurements and details on the construction, including that of the support system, are presented.<<ETX>>


The mechanism of dislocation dipole annihilation has been investigated in C and Si using atomistic calculations with the aim of studying their annihilation by-products. It is shown, in C as well as in Si, that dipole annihilation yields debris that can be depicted as a cluster of vacancies, or alternately by two internal free surfaces. These defects have no strain field and can hardly be seen using usual TEM techniques. This suggests that the brown colouration of diamond could be due to microstructures resulting from deformation mechanisms associated with dipole formation and their annihilation rather than to a climb mechanism and vacancy aggregation. In silicon where a number of dipoles have been evidenced by TEM when dislocation trails are found, such debris could be the missing link responsible for the observation of strong chemical reactivity and electrical activity in the wake of moving dislocations.


The design process is understood as determining the design parameters and the inter-relationship. An expert system built on the above concept provides the following functions: i) flexible model building and easy modification; ii) effective diagnosis of the design process by using rule-based knowledge representations; iii) hybrid function with both numerical computations and symbolic treatments of the design knowledge by coupling the systems programmed with LISP and FORTRAN languages. The system's validity and effectiveness was confirmed using a bulkcarrier.


The research in this publication shed new light on the diverse nature of innovation and creativity in African settings, and on the different IP policies and practices related to innovation and creativity on the continent. When linked with broader development objectives and models, these findings offer insights into the nature of IP-related dynamics in relation to innovation and creativity in Africa, and guidance towards IP policy and management possibilities. Section 2 of this publication looks at the modalities of innovation and creativity uncovered through the case studies. Section 3 examines collaborative IP approaches across the studies. Section 4 looks at the visions of socio-economic development explicitly or implicitly present in the contexts studied. Section 5 summarises findings in relation to the book's three central themes: collaborative innovation and creativity, openness and IP. Section 6 concludes the book with recommendations to African policy-makers.


The static immersion of coated steel panels in various media representative of chemical and waste processes around the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant was terminated after 16 months` exposure to evaluate coating performance and to compare with observations collected during 1-, 6-, and 11-month exposures. In each environment, coating performance varied widely, some proving unsuitable for use in the test environment (despite the recommendation of the vendor). Further, coating performance as a function of time suggests a test duration of at least several months is required to fully assess performance. The performance of many coatings, particularly in the most alkaline environment, was adversely affected by cathodic protection.


The invention discloses splicing units of a noise reduction flow guide wall for an aircraft ground test. The splicing units are transversely spliced to form the wall, and windward sides of the splicing units are in arc shapes capable of guiding the air flow into air in an inclining manner; the splicing units comprise a stainless steel micro-hole plate, a sound absorption material plate and a galvanized steel plate in sequence from the windward sides to leeward sides; the flow guide wall is fastened on the ground foundation, and a multi-way sound absorption structure is adopted in the windward sides to reduce the noise; the arc-shaped windward sides can guide the jetted airflow into the air, and therefore the noise and the wind speed are reduced to ensure safety of objects, vehicles and persons of the outer side of the flow guide wall and normal work; any safety hidden troubles are eliminated, noise pollution treatment is reinforced, residents in an airport and periphery are benefited, and the green airport is built.


In Reply: We read with interest the comment on our recently published systematic review on prevention of otic barotrauma in aviation. We were surprised that the authors of the letter referred to our review as being ''at the least, misguided and at the worst negligent.'' We completed a systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and kept to strict inclusion criteria. The two studies referred to by the authors of the letter relate to the use of the nasal balloon as intervention for prevention of otic barotrauma in aviation. As mentioned in our review, both nasal balloon studies had ''a low level of evidence, a high risk of bias in more than two domains and a lack of placebo control.'' In fact, both studies had an unclear or high risk level of bias in the majority of the domains analyzed. The authors of the comment argue that we should recommend the nasal balloon on the basis that it was ''the most effective non-invasive means of resolving the pain.'' In Table 7 we faithfully reported an accurate summary of the studies which both had positive results. However, this in itself is not sufficient for a recommendation for the treatment given the low quality of the evidence. We think that our systematic review was fair, balanced, and justified and readers of our review can make their own interpretations from the available data we have presented. The authors of the comment clearly have a bias towards the intervention of the nasal balloon. Nevertheless, we do not think that we should be criticized for failure to recommend an intervention that has a high risk of bias and a low level of evidence solely because there is no better, non-invasive intervention available.


The literature on organizational wrongdoing is extensive, but tends to assume that the moral terrain in organizations is divided by a clear red line, with right-doing on one side and wrongdoing on ...


We report a 79 GHz mixer for direct up-conversion using 90 nm CMOS technology. In the mixer, an enhanced double-balanced Gilbert cell with current injection is used to reduce power consumption, and dual negative resistance compensation (NRC) is used to improve conversion gain (CG). In addition, it also includes two Marchand baluns: the single LO input signal to differential signal is converted by one of the baluns, and the differential RF output signal to single signal is converted by the other. The mixer consumes 13.6 mW, achieving IF-port input reflection coefficient (S11) of - 11.4 dB at 0.1 GHz, LO-port input reflection coefficient (S22) of - 12.2 ~ - 28.7 dB for frequencies 75-90 GHz. At IF of 0.1 GHz and RF of 78.1 GHz, the mixer achieves CG of 2.1 dB and LO-RF isolation of 35.9 dB, the best CG and isolation results ever reported for a W-band silicon-based mixer with power consumption lower than 15 mW.


The article is devoted to the analysis of instruments of material and cash flows optimization. There is considered the structure and dynamic of factoring market. The article also gives suggestions on the way of collaboration of enterprises with factors.


Fundamental significance of neutrinoless double-beta decay (NDBD) is that its experimental confirmation will tell us about lepton number violation in nature and that neutrino is a Majorana particle. More importantly, NDBD gives a value or a bound on neutrino mass [1] provided the half-lives are known experimentally and the corresponding nuclear transition matrix elements (NTME) are obtained using a reliable nuclear model. At present large number of NDBD experiments are being carried out and the nuclei being considered are Ca, Ge, Se, Mo, Cd, Sn, Te, Xe, Nd and so on [1]. Many nuclear models are used for the calculation of NTME for NDBD with the latest given in [2]. Our purpose is to apply spectral distribution theory and to this end, we establish that the spreading function that enters in the theory is close to a bivariate Gaussian and also derive a formula for bivariate correlation coefficient.


The utility model relates to a supercritical fluid processor for fabrics. The supercritical fluid processor for the fabrics is composed of a gas storing bottle, a conflux row, a pressurizing pump, a preheater, a high-pressure dyeing kettle, a heat exchanger, a separator, a dye dissolving kettle, a bidirectional circulating pump, and a control valve. The supercritical fluid processor for fabrics has the advantages of without water consumption, without sewage discharge, without environmental pollution, dyeing processing time shortening, good fabric dyeing uniformity, and high washing-resistant firmness, and the equal effect of the traditional water-bath dyeing is achieved.


This issue, based on the concepts of value rationality and instrumental rationality initiaed by Max Weber, analyzes the essentials of m odern society culture with references of the earliest fruits of the New Institut ional School. The author claims that the west culture, as the representation of modern society culture, does not necessarily disserve two sorts of rationality, while the hiding of generalized value rationality and the showing of the instrum ental rationality are combined to be the right essential of the modern society c ulture. The so-called "the crisis of modern society culture" is just deserting the hidden value rationality, and the real culture crisis on the process of mo dernization of China is actually the absence of generalized native value rationa lity.


SUMMARY Intercropping is a common practice in Africa, but the advantage compared to sole cropping depends on the crop plants and local agro-ecological conditions. The potential of intercropping maize (Zea mays) or sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) with watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) was tested in two on-farm trials in southern Mozambique under semi-arid conditions in an area with low and unpredictable rainfall. In the first experiment, plant density, yield and monetary value of sole and intercropping plots of maize with watermelon were determined in 17 farmers' fields in an area where all crops developed to maturity and harvest. There was a significant reduction in yield of both maize (28.8%) and watermelon (57.8%) in the intercrop compared with the sole crop yields. However, the mean land equivalent ratio of 1.13 for yield showed that intercropping had advantages as, on average, an area planted with sole crops would require 13% more land than an intercrop production to generate the same outcome. In the second experiment, carried out in another area with 16 farmers' fields, drought was more pronounced and only watermelon developed to maturity. Intercroppings with maize and sorghum resulted in 70% and 69% yield reduction, respectively. In conclusion, watermelon is a good companion crop for intercropping with cereals to mitigate the risk of total crop failure due to drought.


A novel attempt is made to quantify the qualitative interpretation of barotropic instability in terms of counterpropagating Rosssby waves (CRW) as proposed by HOSKINS et al. (1985). Although many investigations have been devoted to this quantification in the past, a minimum resolution grid point model is chosen here as a tool where complete insight can be achieved with little effort. Barotropic instability is discussed in terms of standard gridpoint modes and also of vorticity modes which are the analogue of the CRWs. The intercomparison of both approaches leads to a fresh look at the mechanism of barotropic instability. It is pointed out that CRWs cannot be defined in a corresponding low-order spectral model although this model is quite successful in capturing the main features of barotropic instability. It is concluded that CRWs are mathematical structures which are helpful but not essential for an understanding of barotropic instability.


To gain accurate recorded and stored data that from launching to tossing,an anti-high strength and anti-high overload shelled structure of missile and hard recovery recorder was designed,and then the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to simulate the process of impacting on the concrete target with a larger vertical velocity.The Simulation results indicate that the structural design and material selection are reasonable.It can guarantee internal storage device is in perfect condition,and can be used as the protective structure for storage devices.


The present study's objective is to make a characterization of the policies, aimed at integration of Roma ethnic minority in the social and economic life in Bulgaria. The focus of the study is conditioned by the fact that the integration of Roma population in the European Union, of which our country is already an inseparable part, is a significant element of the European socio-economic program with respect to the high degree of Roma social exclusion in the Community. The analysis is focused on the areas of employment, education, healthcare and housing. The strategic and institutional framework of the initiatives directed at overcoming the social isolation of Roma in the Bulgarian society at national, regional and local level, as well as the respective results achieved until the present moment are addressed. Critical assessment is made and recommendations formulated with respect to the improvement of various aspects of the government policy, including its structure, implementation and impact on the social inclusion of Roma population in the country.


Vibrations in elements of dynamic systems, such as turbines, can lead to undue stresses in critical structural elements leading to catastrophic failures. Measurement and characterization of vibration levels of structural elements under varied operating conditions is necessary to determine anomalies and thereby prevent failure. High-speed gas turbines use a large number of small stator blades that are critical to their operation. High-speed operation can induce vibration components in excess of a few kHz. Internal operating temperatures can be well above 250°C and the sensors should be operational even at 500°C. This paper focuses on development of a single-axis MEMS capacitive accelerometer for direct mounting on gas turbine stator blades for monitoring and analyzing their vibration characteristics. The design uses SOI wafer as substrate to realize high temperature sensing with a sensitivity level on the order of 0.013ųm/g. The proposed device is developed using lab-scale fabrication with minimal facilities amenable for low-cost indigenous manufacturing.


I was brought to Universal Algebra against my will, as it were by Hermann Grassmann, and the main point of this paper is to describe a piece of Grass-mann's work and to ask those who know the subject better than I do whether it may be said to anticipate Universal Algebra. Before doing that, though, I would like to set the scene by rst brie BLOCKINy describing a typical piece of Universal Algebra, and then giving a rapid sketch of the prehistory of Universal Algebra | by which I mean simply those developments that predate the denitive formulation of the subject but which, with hindsight, may be seen to have anticipated or in BLOCKINuenced it. I am not going to assume familiarity with Universal Algebra | the few remarks that I will make now should suce to make what follows intelligible. To save argument I will dene the subject as comprising what is to be found in modern books bearing the title , such as the ones by Cohn [5] and Gr atzer [8]. Let me outline some terminology and a typical construction. A is a set together with a system of-ary operations for ; here may vary and the number of operations may be innite. (An-ary operation is simply a function) These are the objects of study of the subject, Universal Algebra. They include, for example, groups, rings, linear spaces and lattices (and, with slight modication of the denition, even elds, projective planes, etc.). In the case where there is just a single binary operation (denoted here by juxtaposition) we have a. Given a set of symbols = the set = obtained by repeated juxtaposition of the symbols already written down, forms a groupoid in a natural way (the binary operation being juxtaposition). This is the on. Now let be the set of all (formal, nite) linear combinations of elements of (with coecients from a eld): = 6 : 1


The electrochemical corrosion behavior of X70 steel in CO2 saturated solution with vari- ous concentrations of acetic acid was studied by means of potentiodynamic polarization measure- ment and EIS. Whilst the influence of acetic acid on the top localized corrosion (TLC) of X70 steel pipelines was examined in a set of high temperature and high pressure autoclave. The results showed that in the CO2 saturated solution, the X70 steel was inactive state. While the free corrosion potential of X70 steel shifted positively and its corrosion current density increased with the increas- ing concentration of acetic acid, which may be related to the rising H + concentration, so that the ca- thodic reaction was promoted. In addition, because of the presence of acetic acid, the corrosion scale become loose and easy to detach from the substrate. Finally a pitting corrosion model was proposed to describe the initiation and evolution of the pitting process.


From traditional human geography, consanguinity, out of the political community, to the transformation of modern community is in essence the individual mutual ties changed, namely by dominated by emotion, clan, beliefs, social relations to benefit or value pursuit of social relations, the nature harmonious to fit the homogeneity and interdependence symbiotic heterogeneity. The community of common destiny is the highest and highest stage of community development, and it is also the ideal realization and value pursuit of the highest good on the basis of realizing the common good. Human destiny community with heterogeneity, transcendence, voluntary characteristics, symbiosis principle is the basic principle, the community to produce at the same time and to maintain the necessary premise and basis of community action. From the principle of symbiosis, the basic principle of the community of common destiny is the logical starting point, and it tries to understand the construction path of the community of human destiny from the three aspects of subject, behavior and system.


In order to determine the simplifying theory and the computation of the mechanical model,which belongs to an arched corrugated sheet-truss unitized roof,this paper proves the failure model.After summarizing similar structural models' simplifying theories,analyzing and comparing the thought of reinforcement,stress distorts and failure modals of the unitized roof,the simplifying theory is determined.Comparing with the feasibility and applicability of computation methods used by the predecessors,the computation put forward in the paper is feasible and applicable.It is much more rational and feasible by using discrete stiffening shell theory to simplify the unitized roof and deduce the ultimate bearing capacity of the model with Litz-energy method.Therefore,with the rigidity divided equally theory,analysis on the results of the unitized roof's ultimate bearing capacity subjected to the full-span uniformly distributed vertical load is not refined.But things would be better with the discrete stiffening shell theory.The expression of ultimate bearing capacity gotten from Litz-energy method would be more accurate and applicable.


We report on photo-excited trap-charge-collection spectroscopy as a direct probe of the traps in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Monochromatic photon beams transmitted through the working channels of 5 V operating pentacene-OFETs with 60 nm thick Al2O3 dielectrics liberate interface charges trapped at the matched energy level while the oxide surfaces were prepared with various self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The density of states (DOS) of traps is directly mapped as a function of the photon energy by tracking the change in the threshold voltage. While conventional electrical stability measurements qualitatively support our trap DOS spectroscopy results, our direct measurement technique provides a powerful tool for quantitative analysis of the nature and density of interfacial traps in field-effect transistor devices.


The exploration and high-value utilization of marine bioresources is an important hotspot in numerous research and application fields, including global marine biology, food science, medical science, and others. Modern biotechnology, including genetic engineering, enzyme engineering, and microbial engineering, plays a critical role in the high-value development and utilization of marine bioresources and is receiving increasing attention. As we know, the exploration of new genes, new enzymes, and special environmental microbial material sources from the ocean are inseparable from the means of biotechnology. Moreover, the effective extraction, processing, and transformation of functional components of marine organisms, such as polysaccharides, peptides, lipids, and others, can also be achieved through biotechnology. Recently, the application of biotechnology, such as bioprocessing technology, biological preservation technology, food fermentation technology, etc., in improving the nutrition, flavor, and quality of marine foods as well as extending their shelf life, has aroused extensive research interest. In addition, emerging technologies applied in the fields of marine food safety and quality control, such as chip technologies, serological reaction technology, immunological reaction technology, etc., also require the support of biotechnology and have gradually become one of the focuses. Therefore, advanced marine biological technology is the basis and key to the high-value development and utilization of marine bioresources. This Research Topic includes 6 original research articles, which mainly focuses on the preparation and functional evaluation of marine macromolecular functional OPEN ACCESS


SUMMARY The long-term ecological and economic sustainability of what we now call the sheep rangelands probably depends upon finding a less damaging alternative to sheep. If you were to design the perfect grazing animal for our semi-arid rangelands, it would be one that returns a good profit at stocking rates that are ecologically benign. Neither sheep nor goats qualify but, with better marketing, I believe that kangaroos are not far from that perfection. In this paper I describe in some detail how a new generation of kangaroo growers might operate, not farming them, but taking a selective, regulated, harvest from the free range populations. I identify current problems and suggest solutions, and provide suggestions about how the increase in price for the product could be achieved.


An optimum host glass (0.7GeS_2-0.2Ga_2S_3-0.1NaCl) for 1.3 μm optical amplification was investigated within the GeS_2-Ga_2S_3-NaCl glasses according to its thermal ability. Micro-structural probing was conducted according to the Raman scattering technique. Pr~3+ ions were doped into the glass and its emission properties were examined. Under the excitation of the YAG: Nd laser, two intense luminescence bands (1 340 nm and 1 636 nm) were observed.


PURPOSE: A system and method for the payment using the electronic purse are provided to enable a customer to pay for the EC(Electronic Commercial transaction) by using the electronic purse through the account transfer of a bank or credit, to enable a member store to easily settle the payment, and to enable customers to assign the payment between them. CONSTITUTION: A customer computer(100), merchant server(200), server(400) of a credit card company, and bank server(300) are connected to the Internet(500). When the customer requests the information, a router(600) configures the optimal path for serving the request information. A web server(700) perceives the requested content of the customer and displays the relevant web page on a web browser of the customer computer. An authentication server(800) processes the authentication of the customer. A payment server(900) takes charge of paying for the price of the product which the customer purchases. A DB server(1000) stores the payment information. CGI(Common Gateway Interface)(1100) delivers the search result to the payment server by searching the related information from the DB server according to the information request of the payment server. An accounting server(1200) processes the commission caused by the payment.


Romanenko, V. & Pyatisotska, S. Purpose: to develop the program addition that allows to increase the efficiency of procedure of expert estimation in oriental single combats. Material & Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature, method of computer programming. Results: the computer program addition is developed that allows to increase the efficiency of procedure of expert estimation in oriental single combats, the previous approbation of the program is carried out. Conclusions: the received results during the approbation demonstrate the improvement of quality of estimation, the optimization of process of exposure and fixing of estimates by experts. The developed computer program can be recommended for practical use.


It is believed in academic fields that urbanization is a process during which rural population flows into urban area. Since urbanization is a continued process, this paper considers the integration and restructuring of some rural settlements in developed areas demonstrates that the rural life style is gradually transferring to urban life style. It also offered that the concentration of population from natural villages to central villages should be regarded as one of the urbanization forms.


Underwater wireless localization systems are expensive due to the cost of hydrophones. The method and the architecture of the localization system should be adapted to the environment constraints. This work deals with the trade-off between the affordability and the accuracy of underwater localization. We prototyped our low-cost hydrophone-based beacon location system. Simulation results show that our location precision error is under 1.5 meters in a constrained area at very low cost.


This paper presents an analysis of the IEEE 802.16e MAC overhead. The efficiency on the MAC layer is derived for Point to Multipoint (PMP) topology. The influence of several parameters is examined. The parameters, such as the number of subscriber stations in the network, various modulation and coding, and length of MAC PDUs, are assigned as the overhead parameter. The results show these parameters have significant impact on the efficiency of MAC layer. Finally, some recommendations to reduce the overhead are put forward.


Wildfires contribute to global emissions of trace elements. This study focuses on highly polluted areas near an operating copper smelter and old mine-tailing disposal sites in Tsumeb (semi-arid north of Namibia), where wildfires frequently occur. Capturing of particulates windblown from the ore processing and smelting areas by vegetation (trees, grass) leads to the topsoil enrichment with metal(loid) contaminants (up to 7090 mg/kg Cu, 2070 mg/kg As, 4820 mg/kg Pb, 3480 mg/kg Zn, 75 mg/kg Cd, 7.66 mg/kg Hg). Experimental samples corresponding to representative biomass-rich topsoils (bushland with acacia and marula trees, grassland) were investigated using a combination of mineralogical and geochemical methods. Wildfires were simulated using a thermodesorption (TD) technique (75-670 °C; Hg) and an experimental setup composed of a temperature-controlled furnace (250-850 °C), an aerosol-filtering unit and a gas-trapping device (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn). The obtained ashes were investigated to depict any mineralogical and chemical transformations in order to understand temperature-dependent release of metal(loid) contaminants during the simulated wildfire.

Thermodesorption experiments indicated that more than 90% of Hg was released at ~340 °C, which corresponded to predominant grassland-fire conditions. A comparison with the TD curves of the Hg reference compounds confirmed that the Hg in the biomass-rich topsoils occurs as a mixture of Hg bound to the organic matter and metacinnabar (black HgS), which exhibited similarities with the TD pattern of smelter flue dust residue. Temperature-dependent release of other metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) is dependent on their solid-state speciation. Cadmium is released at ~750 °C, corresponding to the thermal decomposition of carbonates, in which Cd is mainly bound. Arsenic exhibits first remobilization step at <350 °C (decomposition of arsenolite, As2O3) and the second step at >650 °C corresponding to the instability of arsenates and As-rich slag glass. Other contaminants (Cu, Pb, Zn) were mainly bound in carbonates, slag particles and sulfides/sulfosalts. During the simulated wildfire, they were mainly retained in the ash and were remobilized to a lesser degree at >650 °C. Calculations indicated that at 850 °C (worse-case wildfire scenario) 2-17 % of total As, Cu, Pb and Zn, 27-79 % of total Cd and 100 % of Hg can be volatilized from these biomass-rich contaminated topsoils.

This study was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (GACR project no. 19-18513S) and a student grant from the Grant Agency of Charles University (GAUK no. 1598218).


Objective To identify the bacterium strain,YL08,isolated from flow chamber of flow cytometry.Methods YL08 was first activated,isolated and purified from flow chamber of flow cytometry,and incubated in LB culture medium and PBS buffer.Then,YL08 was identified by the morphology,stress-tolerance characteristic and phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rDNA sequence.Results Microscopic examination showed that YL08 was a kind of Gram-negative short bacillus,and YL08 strain could survive more than 6 months in PBS buffer based on its strong rare nutrition resistance characteristic.Phylogenetic analyses indicated that YL08 belonged to Stenortrophomonas maltophilia(Homology≥99%).Conclusions A Stenortrophomonas maltophilia strain,YL08,which has strong stress-tolerance against rare nutrition condition,was isolated and identified from flow chamber of flow cytometry.The present study lays a foundation for the disinfection and maintenance of flow cytometry and the research on the stress-tolerance mechanism of YL08.


1. Introduction School relocation is a sub-topic under school-location planning, which is also called school mapping. School mapping is a set of techniques and procedures used to plan the demand for school places at the local level and to decide on the location of future schools and the means to be allocated at the institutional level (Caillods, 1999). There are many factors affecting a school to be relocated. Ho (1995) wrote about relocation of secondary schools in Hong Kong several years before and after 1990. Relocation of schools at that stage was a result of urban planning and demographic change due to the rapid growth of urban centers and other geographical factors. On the broader perspective, this kind of change is man-made and planned. The authors believe that in most developed countries, relocation of schools are mainly under the charge of an administrative body such as the Ministry of Education of the country. The instruction and plan to relocate a school, therefore also comes from this governing body. In the case of private schools, there are different rules governing the decision and process of relocation. In the late 19th century, most schools in Singapore were privately owned. Relocation of these schools was therefore a private issue, and mainly due to insufficient space, or that a new school was badly needed. In this situation, the owner of the private school would apply for the school to be government aided in order to have enough funding to build a new school, usually resulting in relocation. The government would usually offer a new site, and thus the school was relocated. This was the common way to relocate a school in the old days, from the 1880s until Singapore's independence in 1965. There was no case of overall planning to relocate all the schools requiring a new space and environment in those days. Most school relocations could be considered as the result of pull and push factors and arose in a piecemeal manner. However, there were some programs and good activities associated with upgrading of schools in the three decades after 1960 (Powell, 2001). The Ministry of Education has been the body in charge of schools in Singapore since independence. The process to relocate a school is very different from the olden days. Geographically, the relocation of schools, similar to the relocation of business, would follow the theory of relocation of cities in some ways. Decline in school going age population would force a school to close down or to relocate (Flemming, 1980). On the contrary, increase of young population such as the growth of a new town, would generate new schools. Some of these new schools could also be the old ones being relocated. A new factor has recently affected the relocation of some schools in Singapore, particularly since 1999. This was the plan to provide information technology infrastructure to schools. It has never occurred before anywhere in this world that perfect planning was the reason to rebuild, expand and relocate schools in order to provide up-to-date information technology infrastructure for teaching and learning. The results of the effect of such a planned relocation could be seen several years down the road. If this plan proves successful, it could add new knowledge leading to the future planning of school relocation for a specific purpose. 2. Brief history of the relocation of schools in Singapore Relocation is not the main agenda in administering education in the State in any period of time. Historical records of some schools show evidence that relocation took place for several reasons: school expansion, increase in student number, forced out of urban development, lack of facilities e.g. building/classroom, congestion, noise in the vicinity, unsafe building, and government grant of new site for relocation. In the brief history of educational development in Singapore, many policies were implemented, many issues resolved and many problems remain unresolved even after the Republic gained its independence in 1965. …


A central experience of being held within the saga that is Air India is one of forgetting/remembering. The events leading up to the bombing, the act itself and its aftermath, are well documented, are obscured within the mainstream of Canadian culture. As the niece of family members who died in the bombing, this impulse-remember, forget-propels memorial and its counter-forms, seeing in those things and processes, in dense, layered story, time and its materials. (Ill)


According to the principle of Fault Tree Analysis(FTA),the fault tree model of the failure of 30mm projectile for airforce was established.Based on charging projectile failure,fault analysis had been made qualitatively and quantitatively,the importance degree of each basic event was analyzed.From the result we can found that low density of pressing powder and the failure of heat treatment was the very cause for the charging projectile failure,and this was of a reference for the reliability of the small-caliber ammunition system.


We performed pump-probe transient reflectivity measurements at d-d transition of bilayered perovskite manganite La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 (x=0.38). Signals that suggest coexistence of spin-glass state and ferromagnetic metallic state were observed


The first book is a broadly focused collection of articles that serve as an introduction to sociolinguistics for Soviet scholars. It is divided into four contrasting sections. The first offers four articles on the theory and methodology of sociology; the second consists of four articles discussing linguistic problems that are generally considered part of sociolinguistics (linguistic subsystems). Six articles discussing aspects of sociolinguistic variability based on the mass sociolinguistic survey of modern Russian made in the early sixties constitute the third section, and the fourth section offers surveys of sociolinguistics in four countries the United States, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). This is a curious and interesting volume. One reason is that the leading article is by William Labov; it is a Soviet tribute to the eminent American scholar. His article, "The Unity of Sociolinguistics," is a survey of the main tasks and problems of American sociolinguistics. Since the objective content of the article will be familiar to the readers of this journal, we should consider its theme, which presumably explains its leading position in the volume. This theme is the hope for a unification "in the near future" of the two streams of sociolinguistics Soviet and American. One is bemused, reading Labov's final paragraph with its Maoist call to "turn to the masses in order to learn from them." In the American (or better, Western) context this is of course an appeal to heed the data of living speech, which Labov takes to be the basis for "political and intellectual unity of sociolinguistic research." How did the Soviet editors (and political censors) react to this? Certainly no Soviet scholar would have published such a slogan. Although Soviet and American scholars will continue to look at the same reality at least partly in similar ways, the evidence from other articles in this volume, and especially from that in the other book being reviewed, is that such a unity is neither possible nor desirable without changes in American scholarship that few would care to make. Soviet sociolinguistics is first of all linguistics in the service of the party and the state, subordinated to Marxist-Leninist ideology, eschewing Western bourgeois objectivity in scholarship in favor of research guided by the Marxist-Leninist values. This does not detract from the worth of


As computer technology develops, the popularity of cryptocurrencies and their use will grow, and the newer people enter the industry. It changes the business model between organized businesses out of the need for another trusted party. Blockchain smart contracts can automatically enforce agreed contract between two unknowns. Briefly introduce Ethereum, a cryptocurrency, and focus on the security of its smart contracts in internet transactions. Ethereum was the first platform to support high-level programming languages to implement smart contracts, and the second largest blockchain platform, providing a runtime environment for essentially all Decentralized Finance applications. Bitcoin also supports the development and execution of smart contracts, but it is affected by the nature of the programming language used, and it hardly supports transactions except for verifying signatures. Because smart contracts can support a variety of large transactions, some security vulnerabilities can be extremely costly. In an extensive search and survey, the issue of smart contracts for the Ethereum blockchain was valued. The article will discuss some of the existing or former contract vulnerabilities and their solutions. It concludes with a discussion of the future direction of the smart contract space and provides some suggestions for those researching the field.


A series of bulky aryl-substituted asymmetric anthracene blue host materials, 9-(2-naphthyl)-10-(3-(1-naphthyl)phenyl)anthracene, where phenyl was varied from H (5a), Me (5b), Ph (5e), and 1-Naph (5f) at the 6-position and Me (5c) at the 2-position, was synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction between 10-(2-naphthyl)anthracene-9-boronic acid and 1-(3-iodophenyl)naphthalene derivatives. A less bulky aryl-substituted anthracene, 9-(2-naphthyl)-10-(2,5-diphenyl)phenyl)anthracene (5d), was also synthesized for comparison. All asymmetric anthracenes showed high glass transition temperatures in the range of 84–153 °C. The photophysical and electrochemical properties in solution showed that the substituent at the 10-positions of the anthracene unit did not influence the blue emission of 420 nm and HOMO–LUMO energy level (5.5–2.5 eV). However, a gradual decrease of bathochromic shift in solid state PL was observed from the increaseg of the substituent bulkiness, exhibiting 5e (18 nm) ≤ 5f (19 nm) < 5c (25 nm) ≤ 5b (26 nm) < 5a (30 nm) < 5d (41 nm), respectably. When 5a was used as a blue host material in the multilayered device structure of ITO/DNTPD/NPD/host:dopant (9%)/PyPySPyPy/LiF/Al, enhanced OLED device performance was observed, showing a luminous current efficiency of 9.9 cd A−1, power efficiency of 6.3 lm W−1 at 20 mA cm−2, deep blue color coordinates of (0.14, 0.18), and a 932 h device lifetime at L0 = 3000 cd m−2.


The dielectric constant of GaAs in the range 1.9–13 GHz has been determined from measurements of the fringing capacitance of bulk samples terminating a coaxial line. There is no indication of a large deviation from the low‐frequency value recently reported by Larrabee and Hicinbothem, although there may be a small resonance effect near 10 GHz.


Delivery System Reform Incentive Payment (DSRIP) programs, authorized as Medicaid section 1115 demonstrations, provide incentive payments to safety net hospitals and other providers, such as physicians and community clinics. Participating providers conduct improvement projects to earn incentive payments, which are tied to their achievement of specified milestones and metrics. The projects are broadly designed to build capacity among safety net providers, transform the way services are delivered, and improve the health of Medicaid beneficiaries and the uninsured. This brief focuses on the largest DSRIP demonstrations as of July 2015, which were in California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Texas.1


The article discusses the issues of training STEM specialists in the implementation of joint educational programs (JEP) of medical and technical universities in the field of information technology in healthcare. A model of JEP training is proposed through the collaboration of professional standards, learning outcomes, requirements for specialists imposed by production partners, which allow to increase the efficiency of the do[1]mestic education system.


Samples of the Moon's surface brought back by Apollo astronauts ushered in a new era of planetary science. Scientists today continue the legacy.


We develop a technique to study curves in a variety which has a degeneration into some union of varieties. The class of such varieties is very broad, but the theory becomes particularly useful when the variety has a degeneration into a union of toric varieties. Hypersurfaces are typical examples, and we study lines on K3 surfaces and quintic Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in detail. In particular, we combinatorially prove the existence of 2875 lines in a generic quintic Calabi-Yau 3-fold. Also, we give a geometric construction of walls in the Gross-Siebert construction of Calabi-Yau varieties.


A mycoparasite, Piptocephalis virginiana, shows resemblance to other fungal parasites of higher plants in the fine structure of hyphae and haustoria. The mode of penetration of the host cell, Choanephora cucurbitarum, probably involves mechanical forces. Although the presence of a cell wall degrading enzyme was not detected by conventional techniques, its role in penetration can not be ruled out. A collar around the haustorial neck is formed as an extension of the host cell wall. No papilla was detected although appressorium was seen during penetration. The young haustorium is enclosed in highly invaginating plasmalemma of the host cell and numerous cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Appearance of an electron-dense sheath around the mature haustorium seems to coincide with the disappearance of cisternae of ER from the host cytoplasm in the vicinity of the haustorium. The role of host cytoplasm, particularly of ER, in the development of the sheath is discussed. Extensive accumulation of spherosome-li...


Virtex Series FPGA are used for establishing communication to the other sub units of an system. In order to establish the link, RS232 is used. The objective of this work is to establish link between simulator board and RS232. The work is broadly segregated into two major steps. In step I, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is designed and developed based on Visual C++/Visual Basic Platform which enables the selectivity of data. The selected data is encoded and coded data is sent to the simulator board using an RS232 serial link. Step I is processed using PC. In step II, the coded data is decoded to identify the corresponding parameter data and it finally generates the required data. This generation of data is carried out by developing a code using VHDL language. The Step II is processed by using Power processor. The two steps are finally integrated and the output is seen at the GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) pins.


Optimal probabilistic approach in reinforcement learning is computationally infeasible. Its simplification consisting in neglecting difference between true environment and its model estimated using limited number of observations causes exploration vs exploitation problem. Uncertainty can be expressed in terms of a probability distribution over the space of environment models, and this uncertainty can be propagated to the action-value function via Bellman iterations, which are computationally insufficiently efficient though. We consider possibility of directly measuring uncertainty of the action-value function, and analyze sufficiency of this facilitated approach.


Abstract S-vinyl O,O-dialkyl phosphorothioates have been prepared by the reaction of potassium O,O-dialkyl phosphorothioates with vinyl(pheny1)iodonium tetrafluoroborates in the presence of catalytic amount of Cur.


The identification of genetic contributors to coronary artery disease (CAD) could provide more precise estimates of risk,however,research has been difficult because of the limited methods for scanning candidate genes. Recently some research has indicated that a genomewide associated study used to identify chromosomal loci associated with CAD and found some new loci (9p21.3、2q36.3 6q25.1) which were associated with the CAD. These results were important for estimating risk and revealing new targets for CAD intervention. In this article we review the development of the discovery and research in the identification of genetic contributors to CAD.


Objective To investigate the serological patterns of hepatitis B, understand the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in neonates, infants and preschool children based on hospital data in Zhejiang province and provide a basis for prevention and control of local pediatric hepatitis B infection. Methods Five serological markers were detected on electrochemiluminescence analyzer Roche E601. The results of all serological markers in children with hepatitis B from 2006 to 2010 were exported from laboratory information system and 24 892 (15 810 boys and 9 082 girls) cases were selected for further analysis according to the exclusion criterion including duplicate analysis, children older than 7 years and children living out of Zhejiang province. SPSS13.0 software and EXCEL 2003 were employed for statistical analysis in this study. Results Average HBV vaccination coverage rates among 15 413 boys and 8 840 girls were 99. 16%(98. 87% -99. 45%) and 99. 17% (98. 29% -99. 53%), respectively. Seventeen serological patterns of hepatitis B were observed, and "anti-HBs(+)alone"(64. 997%) was the dominant patterns followed by "negative" (18. 231%), "anti-HBc(+)anti-HBs(+)"(9.911%) and "anti-HBe(+)antiHBc(+) anti-HBs(+)"(4.395%), and the positive rates for other patters were 0. 004% -0. 992%. There were significant difference of detection rates for "anti-HBc(+)alone" and "anti-HBe(+)anti-HBs(+)"patterns between male and female (χ2=7.143,8.123, all P<0.01), and there were no significant difference of detection rates for the other 15 patterns between male and female (all P >0.05). Ninety-four HBsAg positive cases were detected, accounting for 0.38%. Totally 19 899 anti-HBs positive cases were detected, accounting for 79.94%. Totally 16 187 cases were "anti-HBs(+) alone", accounting for 81.3%of the total anti-HBs(+) cases. The group of 1-2 years and 2 day-2 week had the highest and lowest rate for anti-HBs(+)alone respectively. The ratios in three groups with different anti-HBs levels (10-100 mIU/ml,100-1000 mIU/ml and > 1000 mIU/ml) in 16 178 anti-HBs(+) children were 23. 64%, 27.66% and 13. 70%, respectively. Totally 3 904 cases with anti-HBc(+) were detected, accounting for 15.68%. The highest positivity rate and lowest positivity rate were in the group of 2-4 week and 3-4 week respectively. In total 1 565 cases with negative results, the lowest negativity rate and highest negativity rate were in the group of 9-12 month (3. 25%) and 6-7 age (36. 21%) respectively. Conclusions The dominant serological patterns of hepatitis B in local young children is "anti-HBs (+) alone" and most of the anti-HBs concentrations ranged from 100 to 1000 mIU/ml, followed by "negative". The total positive rate of HBsAg is mild. The rate of hepatitis B serological patterns in children is associated with ages but independent of gender. For interpretation of serological patterns of HBV in children below 12 months (especially in 3 months) the status of their mothers' HBV infection should also be taken into consideration.

Key words:
Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B surface antigens; Antigen-antibody reactions; Immunoassay; Child,preschool


An intelligent segmentation and identification of edemas diseases constitutes a most important crucial ophthalmological issues since they provide important information for the diagnosis process in accordance to the disease severity. But diagnosing the different edema diseases using the OCT-images are considered to be daunting challenge among the researchers. The implementation of computational intelligence techniques such as machine learning, deep learning, bio inspired algorithms and image processing techniques may help the doctors for some extent in improving the automatic extraction and diagnosis process consequently improving patients' life quality. But, these are liable to more errors and less performance, which requires further improvisation in designing the intelligent systems for an effective classification of edema diseases. In this context, this paper proposes the hybrid intelligent framework for the identification, segmentation and classification of three types of edemas such as using the retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) Images. In this process, Single Feed Forward Training networks (SLFTN) are integrated with Convolutional Layers whose hyperparameters are tuned by using Lion Optimization algorithm. An intensive experimentation is carried out using the Kaggle Retinal OCT Image datasets-2020 with Tensor flow and the proposed framework is trained with the different set of 84,494 images in which performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, recall and f1score are calculated. Results shows the proposed system has provided satisfactory performance, reaching the average highest accuracy of 99.9% in identifying and classifying the respectively.


We consider a simple quantized harmonic oscillator driven by a current of spin 1/2 particles resonant with the oscillator frequency. A possible realization of this model might be achieved in a micromaser. Our analysis shows that the system may evolve to pure states j of the field even for mixed state initial conditions. Specifically, writing the field state as |f⟩ = Σ
 n
 |n⟩ we find the two possible solutions: For this reason we call these states cotangent and tangent states of the harmonic oscillator, respectively.


The advanced analysis and optimal design of semi-rigid frame were presented. Advanced analysis can predict the combined nonlinear effects of connection, geometry, and material on the behavior and strength of semi-rigid frames. The Kishi-Chen power model was used to describe the nonlinear behavior of semi-rigid connections. Geometric nonlinearity was determined using stability functions. On the other hand, material nonlinearity was determined using the Column Research Council (CRC) tangent modulus and parabolic function. The direct search method proposed by Choi and Kim was used as optimization technique. The member with the largest unit value evaluated using the LRFD interaction equation was replaced one by one with an adjacent larger member selected from the database. The objective function was assumed as the weight of steel frame, with the constraint functions accounting for load-carrying capacities, deflections. inter-story drifts, and ductility requirement. Member sizes determined by the proposed method were compared with those derived using the conventional LRFD method.


Resistance to biotic stress factors such as pests and diseases is the prime research topic across the world as it affects the yield of the crop significantly. Conventional plant breeding has been a successful technique to develop the biotic stress resistant cultivar but it is time taking and a laborious task. To speed up the breeding process and ensure site-specific breeding, scientists have been turning towards transgenic approaches to incorporate the desired gene into a plant variety. Many transgenic crops have been already commercialized and few are in the study phase. Bt cotton is one of the classical examples of a widely cultivated transgenic crop. Though transgenic crops are widely accepted by farmers across the globe, the argument of negative impact on health by the scientists is restricting the commercialization of crops. The advantages, disadvantages, and current status of transgenic breeding along with few successful studies are discussed in the current article.


The method of delaying stimulated emission relative to the beginning of an initiating light pulse was used in the determination of the relaxation constants of vibrationally excited molecules interacting with chlorine fluorides. The following effective constants were obtained: , ; , ; , . The values obtained for the and molecules were of the same order of magnitude as the values found by thie luminescence decay method.


Denmark's first energy neutral multi-family house, BOLIG+, is constructed at Søborg near Copenhagen and consists of 10 flats divided on 4 floors. BOLIG+ was the first attempt to construct a multi-family block of flats that complies with a set of criteria and dogmas that defines the BOLIG+ concept. Energy production on the building needed e.g. to meet not only the buildings energy demand, but also the residents' electricity energy use for light and appliances. Additionally when exchanging energy with the grid, energy "sold" should have at least the same exergy level as energy "bought". Building multi-family houses that are energy neutral on annual basis, is, therefore, much more difficult than for a single-family house. One of the reasons for this is the small amount of roof area available (per. dwelling) for local electricity production compared to the roof area of a single-family house. Last, but not least, the buildings was constructed under normal economical market conditions, i.e. without any subsidies for the construction. When designing the building, the normal standard conditions for calculating the buildings energy performance was offset in order to ensure better coherence between the design energy demand and the following energy measurements. The indoor temperature was set higher, and so was the domestic hot water demand. Additionally, free loads (gains) from persons, light and appliances was set lower than the standard. To meet the goal of being energy neutral, several low-energy solutions are used e.g. compact thermal envelope; highly insulated constructions; highly insulating windows; hybrid decentral ventilation; heat recovery on grey wastewater; PV on facades and roof; buffer zones. Additionally, an electric battery was installed to improve the economy of the PV installation by optimizing the amount of electricity used inside the meter (tackling the feed-in tariff issue). This paper presents results from 1½ year of measurements of energy performance and indoor climate carried out in the building during the period 2017-2018. Measurements of energy consumption showed that if the PV installation has produced as expected and the residents had used electricity as expected, the building would have been only 11% from being energy neutral. Indoor climate measurements show high temperatures in a large share of the period.


An apparatus and a method are provided for monitoring a battery pack for accurately calculating an actual discharging or charging capacity of a secondary battery, which depends on temperature. The battery pack monitoring apparatus includes a bare cell adapted to be charged/discharged with a predetermined voltage. Sensors sense the bare cell charging/discharging voltages, charging/discharging currents, and temperature and convert them into predetermined electrical signals. A monitoring control unit converts the electrical signals from the sensors into digital signals and processes them in accordance with predetermined control commands. A storage unit stores tabulated discharging capacity-time data and charging capacity-time data as a function of the bare cell temperature, and outputs this data to the monitoring control unit. The processed data indicating a current charge/discharge capacity of the battery pack is provided to a charger or to another external system.


We introduce two new regression methods (Radial Basis Function and Tensor of Radial Basis Function) to the Least-Squares Monte Carlo (LSMC) method in the context of gas storage valuation with the spot approach. Further, we propose a new methodology which combines two existing ones in the spot approach: it combines discretisation of volume with multivariate regressions. Our numerical examples show that these new valuation methods match and frequently manage to exceed the value of our benchmark. We also nd that the valuation su ers in the case where insu cient points are placed near the volume boundaries. We expect that our new methodology in combination with the two new regression methods will prove bene cial to solve valuation problems with several price factors and volume levels in the future.


In this paper, we discuss the use of adaptive filters for the control of complex autonomous robot systems. A concept is presented to solve the resulting problem complexity by merging rule-based approaches with adaptive control, thus balancing a coarsening of the configuration/decision space by the implicit exploitation of former experience, encoded in a history array. Future work will be focussed on the detail evaluation of the approach and its implementation for a climbing robot application.


We demonstrate a label free fiber optic sensor for detection of mercury ions in aquatic solutions. This sensor utilizes aptamers as bio-recognition element which traps mercury ions and cause a refractive index change in the vicinity of the sensor. Refractive index variations lead to a change in the transmission spectrum that can be used to calculate the concentration of mercury ions in that solution. The concentration of 1 nM mercury ions was detected which is below the specific amount determined by the US environmental protection agency as the maximum authorized contaminant level of Hg2+ ions in drinking water.


In order to improve the stamping formability of TRIP high strength steel effectively,based on the principal theory of sheet metal forming,the basic mechanical parameters of TRIP600 high strength steel sheet were got via uniaxial tensile test and the Naddrg model of forming limit curve(FLC).And on the basis of the analysis of failure criterion of sheet metal forming,the established method of VBHF forming window was proposed.With the example of a cylindrical part,the VBHF forming window whose accuracy was proved by numerical simulation and experiment was established.The result of the experiment and numerical simulation shows that the TRIP high strength steel material is a new type high strength material with high elongation and low elastic modulus.The plane strain(FLD0) of TRIP600 high strength steel plate with the thickness of 1.2 mm is 0.397.The variable blank-holder force curve of critical wrinkless and critical fracture in formability window can be obtained by adjusting the variable blank-holder force(VBHF) to make parts in the critical wrinkling state and two extreme loading modes respectively.And the forming window can guide the practical stamping production of TRIP high strength steel.


Engineering management is perhaps the most common career path for the successful engineer. In designing curricula to provide for the training of engineer-managers, engineering schools need to be responsive to the needs of the community and the individual engineer. These needs are best served by a program of study that addresses both the management needs and the engineering needs of the engineer-manager.


The National Association for Colitis and Crohn′s Disease (NACC) was founded in November 1979 as a partnership of patients, their families and friends and the health professionals who care for them. The charity was created as a voluntary association of members working at the national level and through local groups to provide mutual support and to help all those affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). NACC is now served by a team of staff, but retains a very strong emphasis on volunteering involvement in all areas of its activity.


Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 38 (1195 aa, ~134 kDa) is encoded by the human ZBTB38 gene. This protein plays a role in transcriptional activation.


This paper reports a method for estimating an acceleration Fourier amplitude spectrum (FS) on ground surface at arbitrary points using the transfer functions of the surface strata and the observation records of limited number of seismometers. The transfer functions at arbitrary points in Owari-asahi City are estimated by using a modified Kriging method based on the results of the seismic response analysis of the surface strata at 748 boring points using seismic waves on engineering bedrock caused by six earthquake scenarios. The acceleration FS on the surface at 642 boring points inside the city are estimated by using the proposed method based on only 20 observation records on the surface (estimated value). The result is compared to the acceleration FS estimated by the transfer functions and seismic waves on the engineering bedrock from earthquake scenarios at the same boring points (tentative observed value). It is found that the correlation coefficients per frequency between the estimated and tentative observed value at 642 points are no less than 0.5 any earthquake scenario. To date, earthquake ground motion intensities (GMIs) have been estimated for predefined meshes with fixed sides of lengths of 50 m, 250 m, or 500 m using hypothetical ground models created on the basis of boring investigation data. However, to employ effective measures for seismic damage mitigation and contribute to a resilient society, the GMI should be estimated in greater detail, such as at each construction site. In order to do so, Sugai et al. (2015) proposed a modified Kriging method that can take into account for non-negligible errors in the estimations of the spatial distributions of the GMIs at boring points. The method has already been applied to the estimations of seismic hazards and risks using earthquake scenarios in Owari-asahi City, Aichi prefecture, Japan. Expanding the above method, it should be possible to estimate the GMI at an arbitrary point using observation records of limited number of seismometers. However, it is practically impossible to estimate the spatial distribution of the GMI on the surface directly from the observation records on the surface. For example, in Owari-asahi City, it is necessary approximately one seismometer for every 100 m to estimate the GMI at an arbitrary point on the surface, considering that the auto-correlation distances for the GMI (PGA, PGV and instrumental seismic intensity) on the surface are approximately 150–700 m in the city (Sugai et al. 2016). In contrast, the auto-correlation distances for the GMI on engineering bedrock are much longer approximately 1.5–2 km in the city (Mizutani et al. 2017). Accordingly, the GMI on the surface at an arbitrary point could be estimated by an amplification factor and the spatial distribution of the seismic wave on the engineering bedrock at the same point, which is 13 International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP13 Seoul, South Korea, May 26-30, 2019 2 estimated by using the modified Kriging method based on seismic waves on the engineering bedrock at seismometer points by using seismic response analysis of surface strata based on the observation records, requiring approximately one seismometer for every 1 km on the surface. However, the amplification factor of the GMI depends not only on the characteristics of the surface strata, but also on the frequency characteristics of earthquake ground motion. This paper demonstrates estimating an acceleration Fourier amplitude spectrum (FS) on ground surface at an arbitrary point using a transfer function of surface strata and observation records of limited number of seismometers in Owari-asahi City. Using the acceleration FS, it is possible to calculate an acceleration response spectrum (AIJ 2015) to estimate seismic damage. At first, the authors calculated the transfer function at an arbitrary point by using the modified Kriging method based on the transfer function at boring points and earthquake scenarios. The transfer function at a boring point is calculated by using seismic response analysis of surface strata based on input seismic wave on the engineering bedrock from earthquake scenarios. Also, the authors compare the acceleration FS by the proposed method at the boring points with those estimated by the transfer functions and seismic waves on the engineering bedrock for earthquake scenarios at the same boring points.


Staff and Research Students. Mr J. A. Heap, a Research Student, left the Institute on 16 July 1962 to take an appointment with the Glacial Geology and Polar Research Laboratory in the University of Michigan where he will study ice distribution on the Great Lakes. Mr G. R. Elliston, a Research Student, left the Institute in August to join the staff of the Balls Park Training College, Hertford. Mr J. M. Morley, of the British Antarctic Survey, has completed his assessment of polar ships and left in September to read for the Geographical Tripos in the University. Mr W. J. Campbell, a Research Student of the University of Washington, joined the Institute on a Fulbright Studentship from October to August. Mr R. Moss, of Wellington College, Berks, holder of the first Schoolmaster Studentship at Churchill College during the Michaelmas Term, based his work on the Institute. Mr M. Walford joined the Institute in October 1961 as a Research Student. Mrs A. Wallis resigned from the clerical staff in June 1962. Her place was taken by Miss M. J. Brown. The Staff of the Institute on 30 June 1962 was as follows:


Abstract In this paper the results of temperature-dependent Raman study on the vibrational modes in LiTaO3 crystals are presented. It is found that the two low-frequency A1 modes show significant changes during the temperature changing process. "Modes softening" and "frequency-repulsion" effect was observed and dicussed.


Objective To observe effect of Supplement Qi and activating blood circulation on nerve function and ischemia volume and detect IL-6 mRNA expression level after cerebral ischemia. Methods Set up a focal cerebral ischemia rat model and use nerve function grade,immunity histochemistry and molecular biology skill. Results In supplement Qi and activating blood circulation groups,with increasing of dose,the expression level of IL-6 mRNA was decreasing,nerve function grade was lessening and ischemia volume was decreasing. Conclusion Supplement Qi and activating blood circulation formula maybe control inflammatory cell gene to improve nervous function and ischemia volume.


The initial stages of oxidation of the Si(111-(7 x 7) surface were studied via scanning tunneling microscopy. Images of the same area of the surface were obtained for various exposures of oxygen. The results show that defect sites act as nucleation centers for the oxidation process. Straight atomic steps commonly found on this surface are relatively insenstive to oxygen exposure.


In this paper, we consider the equivocation of finite blocklength coset codes when used over binary erasure wiretap channels. We make use of the equivocation matrix in comparing codes that are suitable for scenarios with noisy channels for both the intended receiver and an eavesdropper. Equivocation matrices have been studied in the past only for the binary erasure wiretap channel model with a noiseless channel for the intended recipient. In that case, an exact relationship between the elements of equivocation matrices for a code and its dual code was identified. The majority of work on coset codes for wiretap channels only addresses the noise-free main channel case, and extensions to noisy main channels require multi-edge type codes. In this paper, we supply a more insightful proof for the noiseless main channel case, and identify a new dual relationship that applies when two-edge type coset codes are used for the noisy main channel case. The end result is that the elements of the equivocation matrix for a dual code are known precisely from the equivocation matrix of the original code according to fixed reordering patterns. Such relationships allow one to study the equivocation of codes and their duals in tandem, which simplifies the search for best and/or good finite blocklength codes. This paper is the first work that succinctly links the equivocation/error correction capabilities of dual codes for two-edge type coset coding over erasure-prone main channels.


The present invention discloses a cam target wheel for a vehicle, which may include a camshaft and projecting portion, the projecting portion is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the camshaft, the cam to be used to identify the peaks in the vibration waveform and troughs.