According to the growth habits of Xiancao( Mesona procumbens Hems) and the character of cold waterlogged paddy field,some scientific cultivating and managing measures,such as,to culture strong seedlings,clean up weeds,dig ditches and drain water,ridge preperation and pulverizing soil,and so on,were taken for gaining high yielding and high efficient production of Xiancao planted in cold waterlogged paddy field.


In this paper we report on our experimental optimization of the CF4 plasma treatment conditions to control the 2DEG density in the drift region of the GaN MOS Channel HEMTs (MOSC-HEMTs). The 2DEG density was measured using a simple MOS capacitor structure fabricated on the AlGaN/GaN epi treated by CF4 plasma under different conditions. The optimized CF4 plasma power was found to be 350 W for reducing 2DEG density from 1×1013cm-2 to 2.5×1012cm-2. Breakdown voltage was projected by numerical simulations to be higher than 800 V with the optimized 2DEG density of 2.5×1012cm-2. (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


This paper quotes efficient graphic programming circumstances LabVIEW which is as virtual instrument developing tool.Appling high speed digital instrument NI-5112,and developing virtual digital oscilloscope program,it accomplished fault signal sample continuously


This 3-page fact sheet is part of the 2019–2020 Florida Citrus Production Guide. Written by Megan M. Dewdney and published by the Plant Pathology Department, March 2019.
PP-144/CG018: 2022–2023 Florida Citrus Production Guide: Greasy Spot (ufl.edu)


The paper studies the methods of generating 3D exact multiview models of convex polyhedra for visual identification systems. In particular, an original view space concept (a view sphere with perspective projection) and the representation completeness controlling concept (a view sphere covering by single-view areas) as well as two groups of methods: iterative (part I of the paper) and noniterative ones (part II) are characterized. A set of views generated by each method forms a complete view representation which is verified by controlling the view sphere covering by the so called single-view areas). The perspective projection used for calculating the views, the complete, tight covering of the view sphere by the single-view areas and 3-dimensionality of the views ensure unambiguous and proper identification of polyhedral objects.Part I of our study presents the view sphere with perspective projection concept, the view sphere covering by the single-view areas mechanism, and the iterative methods generating feature-dependent views and reaching a complete view set through-an iterative process of views generation.


Cold hardening effect on potato meristem integrity at two-step cryopreservation has been studied. Such cryoprotectants as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) have been used. Freezing of hardened potato apexes under DMSO protection was established to increase their integrity in comparison with the same index in non-hardened meristems. Potato apex hardening is inexpedient when using 1,2-PD. Observation for cryopreserved meristem development within 30 days has demonstrated that treatment with cryoprotectants and freezing inhibit an apex growth in comparison with the control. 1,2-PD occurred to be less toxic. DMSO treatment can cause callus-genesis.


This paper was motivated by the lack of independent, patriotism, and other characteristics of the younger generation, especially the Minangkabau generation in recent decades. Despite the fact that, there are not many Minangkabau greats who are able to provide any example. Suggestions that can ignite the spirit of the younger generation to have independent and patriotism are getting lost. In anticipation of awareness and guidance, This study aims to describe the values of independent and patriotism in the Kaba manuscript texts, and classic myth revitalization and rationalization drama scripts by Wisran Hadi as an act of local wisdom. Literary works are manuscripts and products of traditional society which has the potential to straighten out old myths and drama scripts in the form of revitalization which tend to negate old misleading myths, in view of the mimetic approach is a reflection and refraction of people's lives. In this manner, the Kaba text can be empowered for teaching, education, and enlightening Minangkabau people's mentality, especially for the younger generation.


nite given set of demand points. These lines are to be located such that the sum of distances from each point to its respective closest line is minimized. It is known that this can be formulated as a mixed integer linear program for special distances. We conduct computational experiments to assess the capabilities of this solution approach and develop a new one which outperforms the IP formulation. This new approach is based on a nite dominating set and accelerated by lower bounds which can be obtained as solutions to a p-median line problem where the demand points are replaced by demand regions. Finally, the applicability of the new approach is extended to a larger class of distance functions.


While the importance of service quality has become widely recognized, its conceptualization and measurement remain understudied. Efforts have been limited to the implementation of SERVQUAL and asking simple questions from customers when service interactions are completed. IT service quality is a complex multi-faceted construct that depends on the value that the IT service brings to the business of both the IT service provider and its customers, yet rigorous measurement of IT service value is still not conducted in most service organizations.


In order to determine the cyclic iteration times of Pulse Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) image segmentation effectively, and obtain the image segmentation result including regions of interest(ROI), an image segmentation method based on PCNN and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is proposed in this paper. First, extract the independent signal sources corresponding to the image including ROI through ICA. Then, detect the signal sources corresponding to the segmentation result of the each iteration to achieve the output of target image including ROI. The experimental results demonstrate its validity, and the images including ROI correspond to unified independent signal sources. Evaluations of the proposed method are, the average cyclic iteration times N is 5.6, the average runtime is 0.08s, and the accuracy of target image outputs is 98.6%.


The understanding of the performance and cracking behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) has developed greatly in recent times. Many of these studies, however, are limited to SFRC without conventional reinforcement. This paper reports on the tensile behaviour of SFRC members co-reinforced with conventional reinforcing bars (SFR-RC). A physical description of the behaviour of the specimens is presented and an analytical model is derived. The model adopts the load-sharing concept between the tensile stresses resisted by the steel fibres and the steel reinforcing bar as well as the bond between the concrete and reinforcing bar to the tension stiffening effect of these members. The model is founded upon a previously reported tension chord model and allows for explicit identification of the three components to the tension stiffening effect. An experimental programme is reported here and the model is shown to correlate well with the experimental data and test data reported elsewhere.


This research designs four fabrics with magnetic fiber blended yarn and stainless steel fiber blended yarn and tests and analyzes their electromagnetic shielding property.The result shows that fabrics with combined use of two yarns have a better electromagnetic shielding property than fabrics with single use of both yarns and fabrics designed based on 1∶1magnetic fiber blended yarn and stainless steel fiber blended yarn have the optimal electromagnetic shielding property.


I am a junior doctor. I went through medical school, foundation, and specialty programmes with relative ease and several accolades. I married a guitar-playing, Aston Villa-supporting historian I met at university who entered policy work. I would scoff at his insistence that politics was important — I honestly believed that I was doing the only true and noble job in the world. Politics was beneath me.

Having experienced the furore of the junior doctors' contracts dispute I now realise how completely and naively politically illiterate I was. To disengage with this process and say it does not concern us because we are public servants has proved detrimental. If Jeremy Hunt has done nothing else, he has at least caused a political awakening among our generation, …


The mammalian TNF receptor associated factor ( TRAF ) family consists of six members that are predominantly involved in the signal transduction of the TNF-receptor superfamily. The C-terminus of TRAFs consists of a coiled-coil domain followed by a conserved receptor-interacting domain ( TRAF-C ) . TRAF3 is a less characterized member in the TRAFs family. Targeted disruption of TRAF3 led to postnatal lethality , manifesting the important function of TRAF3s. Studies also indicated that TRAF3 was required for postnatal development and for the competence of immune system. Recent reports showed that TRAF3 disruption caused non-canonical NF- κ B activation , implying the negatively regulation of NF- κ B and MAPK signals by TRAF3 and upregulation of type I IFN production. We found that TRAF3 downregulated CN-NFAT signal pathway , suggesting a role of TRAF3 immunological and viral infection diseases.


Each Parstelin tablet contains lOmg of Parnate (tranylcypromine) and Img of Stelazine (trifluoperazine). Tranylcypromine is a non-hydrazine monoamine oxidase inhibitor which impedes the oxidative deamination of adrenaline, nor-adrenaline and dopamine, Effects of overdosage include restlessness, hyperreflexia, sweating, tachycardia and either hyperor hypotension. The most severe cases may proceed to hyperpyrexia and to convulsions. Trifluoperazine is a tranquillising drug of the phenothiazine group. Over ingestion may lead to depression, stupor and coma. It is particularly noted for the production of extrapyramidal symptoms, motor restlessness and muscle dystonia. This patient seems to have shown most of the symptoms commonly associated with overdosage with Parstelin except that he did not have a dangerous hyperpyrexia. McCaig & Edmondsonl suggested the use of muscle relaxation and intermittent positive pressure to control the rigidity that threatens the patient's ability to breathe. In the case now reported, the introduction of IPPV was followed swiftly by a reduction in the hypertension. Simmons, Carr & Ross2 believed that the hyperpyrexia often seen in these cases was due to a malfunction of the neutral thermo-regulatory centres combined with heat output from grossly overactive muscles, and Brown3, reporting a case in which IPPV was used, considered that the muscle hyper-activity was chiefly to blame. In our case, the highest temperature recorded was 39°C but this reading was taken an hour before the paroxysms reached their height, while after four hours of IPPV the temperature was 38°C. We cannot show, therefore, that muscle relaxation cured a hyperpyrexia, but it may just be possible that it prevented its full development. Watkin4 considered that d-tubocurarine would be an unsuitable relaxant for these cases because the release of histamine might stimulate further release of catacholamines and he advocated the use of suxamethonium. In the case now reported pancuronium bromide in relatively high dosage provided satisfactory muscle relaxation and ceftainly did nothing to provoke the hypertensive situation. Although the patient had received a loading dose of this relaxant followed by 30 hourly increments, his return to spontaneous ventilation was rapid and complete. While it would always be advisable to have alpha-blocking drugs to hand it would be interesting to see whether, in a future case, a good result could be obtained by as simple a regime as was used here.


Study Objective: To improve the diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency of dorsopathy in pregnant women by introducing a neuro-orthopedic examination algorithm. Study Design: prospective cohort study. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 171 pregnant women: 87 dorsopathy patients (study group) and 84 healty women (controls). Inclusion criteria in both groups were progressive single uterine pregnancy, while the inclusion criterion for the study group was lower back pain (LBP) or pelvic ring pain (PRP). Neuro-orthopedic examination complied with the Russian clinical recommendations. Study Results. Neuro-orthopedic criteria to differentiate between pregnant women with or without dorsopathy were lower craniosacral rhythm (7.37 ± 1.53 vs. 8.14 ± 1.46 cycle/min, р = 0.002); sacral counternutation (odds ratio (OR) = 2.66); somatic dysfunctions (SD) in the lower and/or middle third of the right shank, right knee, Th11 NSRL, right clavicle, atlantooccipital joint, cuniform bone (left torsion), dura mater. SD in the right hip and pubic symphysis was included into gestation-associated changes which were unrelated to dorsopathy (LBP and PRP). A probability of LBP and PRP during pregnancy is higher in right sacroiliac joint SD (OR = 13.28; 95% CI: 1.69-104.59). Conclusion. It is reasonable to use osteopathic methods in dorsopathy (LBP and PRP) during pregnancy. Neuro-orthopedic differential diagnosis of lower back and pelvic ring pain reduces the risk of unjustified therapy to prolong pregnancy. Keywords: dorsalgia, somatic dysfunction, pregnancy, neuro-orthopedic examination.


While a majority of cocaine research focuses on identification of therapies targeting dependence, few detection strategies exist to aid in clinical determination of susceptibility or likelihood of relapse. To enhance our understanding of the full spectrum of cocaine‐induced effects, we used a lipidomics approach to investigate the ability of cocaine to remodel the blood lipidome. Lipids were extracted from 190 human blood samples (123 drug users, 67 non‐users) and analyzed using electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry. The resulting data were assessed using multivariate analysis, which indicated differences in the lipid profiles of drug users compared to non‐users. Identification of m/z features suggested alterations in glycerolipids, fatty acids, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidic acids. A subset of repeat abusers were asked to rate the positive and negative effects following their first cocaine exposure in comparison to their most recent use. These scores were used to assess the extent of enhanced rewarding and/or adverse effects of the drug, referred to as "sensitization". Relative levels of several m/z features found to be significantly altered between the lipid profiles of sensitized and nonsensitized cocaine users correlated with positive and/or negative sensitization scores. These findings indicate a potential effect of cocaine on the blood, which could be exploited for the identification of lipid species correlating to the occurrence of cocaine‐induced responses and addictive behaviors in humans.


The article describes the essence and global vectors of the development of modern digital technologies, which are decisive for the maritime complex. Innovative trends in the Digital sphere in the direction of maritime transportation are analyzed. The potential and prospects of application of blockchain technology on the path of digitalization of enterprises of the maritime complex are considered. The main directions of blockchain integration into the marine industry are identified to help increase the efficiency of current processes and create new ones. It is determined that the automation of workflow and transactions, the solution of trust between counterparties, the creation of a single open and safe database with smart contracts, to register information about sea vessels, including global risks and their impact on transportation, for interactive contracts and marine insurance policies are one of the most promising blockchain realizations in marine logistics. The study emphasizes that the Internet of things is quite powerfully used in the field of maritime to improve the connection between the vessel and the shore, as well as for intellectual and digital traffic management. It has been proven that a more dense interface between vessels and ports includes an analysis of large databases to reduce the time for transportation and time spent on the entrance of vessels to ports and other areas with intense traffic, thereby helping to reduce port overload. The article stipulates that the intellectualization of maritime transport makes it possible to optimize the use of fuel and energy resources, promotes weather forecasting and effective weather routing, which are the main directions of development of digital technologies in sea economy. One of the most serious directions of digitalization in the maritime industry is cybersecurity. The concept of another digital traine is analyzed and revealed-the use of automated vessels and drones. It is stated that on time among the achievements of digitization in the maritime industry there is work on autonomous marine surfaces, since similar to autonomous technologies in other industries, automated vessels can ensure increased safety and saving of funds by removing the human factor from certain operations.


This article describes and analyzes a task-based exercise in a college-level English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) class. This exercise required the learners to participate in the exchange of information and the accomplishment of one particular goal--in this case the construction of a Web page in English. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to collect data about the execution and completion of the task, including end-of-project survey results, brief student written responses about the approach, the resulting Web page, and group interview findings. Analysis of all four sets of data were positive. Constructing the Web page helped the students work together while communicating in English. Social interaction was also effectively integrated into the EFL curriculum, offering a context for communicative use of the target language. The students had to make English language skills serve their own purposes as they endeavored to cooperatively construct the Web page. Based on the results, further investigation is recommended into the effects of specific steps involved in Web page construction on the social interaction and language learning in the second language classroom. Appendices include suggested EFL Web sites for students to explore, the Internet project questionnaire, and open questions about Web page construction. (KFT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy.


The results of an empirically based model for a vertical direct current arc discharge in 1 atm air are presented. The arc is found to be quasi‐steady state for currents between 20 and 5000 A. There are two distinct core temperature ranges, one near 7000 °K and the other near 12 000 °K, and the transition between these occurs over a current range between 40 and 150 A. Arc temperature and energy balance curves are presented for several values of total arc current.


carrying out tQis popular method of, dealing with what was formerly an intractable. condition. The l/tst chapter groups together all the various conditions for which injection treatment. may at times be' used: These include hydrocele, varioceIe, bursa, hernia, &c; The question of the cure of hernia by these methods is treated with a wiserestrainti but it is clear the author considers' that in selected cases the . treatment may be of.value. This little book is excellently printed and free from typographical errors; The}:,e is a good index and. each chapter has a complete bibliography. It can be recommended as a useful addition to the library of all doctors. J.W-. W . •


As the degradation products of recemomycin-O, β-lysine (I), roseonine (II), and D-glucosamine (IV) were obtained. β-Lysine and roseonine were isolated as picrates and the amino sugar was identified by paper chromatography and isolated as N-benzoyloxycarbonyl derivative which was identical with the authentic N-benzoyloxycarbonyl-D-glucosamine in mixed melting point and optical rotations.


Various light curve parameters are presented for the first 93 objects in a photometric survey of poorly studied variable stars. Stars from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GVCS) fainter than tenth magnitude, north of the equator which were classified as pulsating variables (but excluding the long period, semiregular, and irregular variables) were included. It is shown that two parameters, the acuteness and the rise time, are useful for characterizing the light curves. Several criteria are applied to the photometric data to test the classification of the stars. For 26 stars new or improved classifications are suggested. In particular, there are six eclipsing or ellipsoidal variables among the 79 stars classed in the GCVS as RR Lyrae stars


Regulatory T cells within the bone marrow (BM Tregs) represent a specialized population whose functions are incompletely understood. In this study, we provide a novel mechanism by which BM Tregs support the maintenance of stromal cells to direct hematopoiesis. When compared to Tregs found in spleen and lymph node, they express genes associated with activation as well as chemokine receptors. As another distinguishing characteristic, BM Tregs highly express both CD49b, a marker of circulating Tregs, and S1PR1, a receptor involved in trafficking. This was corroborated by parabiosis and transplant experiments in which BM Tregs were exchanged at a higher frequency than Tregs from other tissues. This indicates that they are highly migratory, but preferentially return to the marrow. Additionally, we found that BM Tregs are high producers of IL-10, an immunosuppressive cytokine that limits inflammation. Indeed, Tregs are the primary source of this cytokine in the marrow. Loss of IL-10 production by Tregs altered the BM microenvironment in several ways. Numbers of CD51+ stromal cells, and PDGFRα+ bone forming progenitors declined. There was a marked shift towards myeloid cell production, a decrease in B cell production, and perturbed differentiation of stem and progenitor cells in IL-10 deficient marrow. Remarkably, Tregs enhanced the supportive capacity of stromal cells through IL-10 by promoting the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells. Collectively, our observations suggest that Tregs residing within BM are master regulators of hematopoiesis and that production of IL-10 accounts for at least some of their functions. This and other properties have the potential to be exploited in the context of transplantation or hematopoietic disease.


MONTELUKAST SODIUM tablets and MONTELUKAST SODIUM chewable tablets, for oral use. Initial U.S. Approval: 1998 ---------------------------------------------------RECENT MAJOR CHANGES ---------------------------------------------------Warnings and Precautions Neuropsychiatric Events (5.4) 12/2016 ----------------------------------------------------INDICATIONS AND USAGE ----------------------------------------------------Montelukast sodium tablets are a leukotriene receptor antagonist indicated for: • Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in patients 2 years of age and older (1.1). • Acute prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in patients 6 years of age and older (1.2). • Relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR): seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) in patients 2 years of age and older, and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) in patients 2 years of age and older (1.3). ------------------------------------------------DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION -----------------------------------------------Administration (by indications): • Asthma (2.1): Once daily in the evening for patients 2 years and older. • Acute prevention of EIB (2.2): One tablet at least 2 hours before exercise for patients 6 years of age and older. • Seasonal allergic rhinitis (2.3): Once daily for patients 2 years and older. • Perennial allergic rhinitis (2.3): Once daily for patients 2 years and older. Dosage (by age) (2): • 15 years and older: one 10-mg tablet. • 6 to 14 years: one 5-mg chewable tablet. • 2 to 5 years: one 4-mg chewable tablet. Patients with both asthma and allergic rhinitis should take only one dose daily in the evening (2.4). ----------------------------------------------DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS ---------------------------------------------• Montelukast sodium Film-Coated Tablets, 10 mg • Montelukast sodium Chewable Tablets, 4 mg and 5 mg -------------------------------------------------------CONTRAINDICATIONS ------------------------------------------------------• Hypersensitivity to any component of this product (4). ------------------------------------------------WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS -----------------------------------------------• Do not prescribe montelukast sodium to treat an acute asthma attack (5.1). • Advise patients to have appropriate rescue medication available (5.1). • Inhaled corticosteroid may be reduced gradually. Do not abruptly substitute montelukast sodium for inhaled or oral corticosteroids (5.2). • Patients with known aspirin sensitivity should continue to avoid aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents while taking montelukast sodium (5.3). • Neuropsychiatric events have been reported with montelukast sodium. Instruct patients to be alert for neuropsychiatric events. Evaluate the risks and benefits of continuing treatment with montelukast sodium if such events occur (5.4 and 6.2). • Systemic eosinophilia, sometimes presenting with clinical features of vasculitis consistent with Churg-Strauss syndrome, has been reported. These events have been sometimes associated with the reduction of oral corticosteroid therapy (5.5 and 6.2). • Inform patients with phenylketonuria that the 4-mg and 5-mg chewable tablets contain phenylalanine (5.6). -------------------------------------------------------ADVERSE REACTIONS ------------------------------------------------------Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥5% and greater than placebo listed in descending order of frequency): upper respiratory infection, fever, headache, pharyngitis, cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, otitis media, influenza, rhinorrhea, sinusitis, otitis (6.1).


ABSTRACT ‐Based upon 7 response variables we categorized the impact behaviour of 123 industrial employees who had been exposed to a disastrous factory explosion and had survived without suffering severe injuries. The subjects were personally examined and the data controlled by cross‐interviews shortly after the disaster. In the analysis the subjects were divided into a high stress (n= 64) and a medium stress exposure group (n= 59) based upon their closeness to the explosion centre.


T EACHER certification, supply, and demand are so interrelated that sepa ration for more than descriptive purposes tends to neglect the most important aspects of analysis. The pervading theme throughout the litera ture reviewed attests to the need for an adequate supply of fully qualified personnel in the public schools. The issue is compounded, however, for there is no precise agreement on the meanings of any of the terms cited, although the National Commission on Teacher Education and Professional Standards (NCTEPS) and other units of the National Education Associa tion have been working for common practices and understandings.


Two Australian researchers specializing in China's creative industries examine recent developments in southern China commonly associated with the shanzhai phenomenon (e.g., production and sale of cheap local facsimiles of globally branded goods). While shanzhai is often condemned as the embodiment of China's "knock-off" industries, the authors argue that it might be more appropriately viewed as an instance of China's emerging creative economy and an example of rapid prototyping. The paper traces the evolution of shanzhai mobile phones and the materialization of the shanzhai ethos in popular culture. In arguing that shanzhai provides inputs into creative industries, the paper describes the fuzzy boundary between formal and informal culture and notes the interaction between three spheres of activity: official culture, the market, and grassroots culture.


This paper discussed the change of molecular weight,content of acid soluble lignin,content of phenolic-OH,-COOH and -OCH 3,surface activity of the oxidative degradation products obtained from wheat straw alkaline lignin under different oxidization conditions.It indicated that when alkaline dosage is high,for example,60% and 30%,the molecular weight polydispersities of oxidized lignin are low.The content of component with molecular weight higher than 10 000 decreases after the addition of H 2O 2.However,when alkaline dosage is low,for example,10% and 5% the polydispersities are high.It indicated that alkalinity has a great influence on lignin oxidation when O 2/H 2O 2 is used as oxidizing agents.As to acid soluble lignin content,the same rule plays,oxidative degradation of lignin results in increase of phenolic hydroxyl,and decrease of carboxyl and methoxyl contents.The surface tensions of oxidized lignin solution decrease very much at high alkaline dosage(60%,30%),and decreases further after addition of H 2O 2.Under condition of alkaline dosage 60%,H 2O 2 dosage 10%,the surface tension of 4% oxidized lignin solution decerases from the original 46.8 mN/m to 38.8 mN/m.


Q-Thromboglobulin (P-TG) is a human platelet-specific protein which was first isolated and characterized by Moore et al(1975). Its role in platelet function is not known but is is postulated that it might be a structural packing protein in the ol-granules (Moore & Pepper, 1976). It is liberated in parallel with other known secretory granule components (Ludlam et al , 1975) and may be used as a marker of the platelet release reaction. A sensitive commercial radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit for this protein is available from the Radiochemical Centre, Amersham. We have used this RIA system to investigate a number of non-human species to see if their platelets contain a protein antigenically similar to human P-TG. Serum from rat, dog and rabbit gave negative results but serum from pig-tail and rhesus monkeys did reveal significant amounts of a P-TG-like material. Platelet poor plasma, prepared from blood samples taken with care from 14 monkeys and immediately anticoagulated with iced EDTA/theophylline, gave results equivalent to 0-33 ng of human fl-TG/ml; the mean level for the group was equivalent to 8.7 ng/ml. Serum values from six of these 14 monkeys ranged from 3 0 1 to 562 ng/ml with a mean value of 407 ng/ml, in comparison to human serum values which range from 2000 to 5000 ng/ml (Moore & Pepper, 1976). A bad sampling technique in humans is known to elevate the plasma fl-TG level and this observation appeared to be reflected in the monkey plasma samples, good clean venepunctures giving the lowest values whilst bad slow venepunctures gave the highest. Antigenic similarity between the monkey material and human fl-Tg was investigated by means of the Ouchterlony diffusion technique (Ouchterlony, I 968). Antiserum to human P-TG was placed in the centre well whilst the six surrounding wells were filled with either serum or concentrated platelet extract obtained from both humans and monkeys (Fig I ) . Each plate was observed at intervals throughout the 24 h diffusion period and at no time were any 'spurs' observed between the human and monkey precipitation lines. As can be seen from Fig I , precipitation lines of approximate equal density were formed at similar positions indicating that the diffusion rates of the two materials were similar. For both species a pair of precipitation lines were observed, which is characteristic of the two antigenic forms of P-TG originally demonstrated for human Q-TG by Moore et a2 (1975). Both materials were also compared by immunoelectrophoresis. Similar precipitation patterns were again observed indicating that both materials have similar electrophoretic mobilities. Using the RIA for human fl-TG, standard dilution curves were prepared showing the percentage binding to the antiserum as a function ofantigen concentration, for both the human b-TG standard as used in the RIA kit, and the monkey serum. Both curves appeared similar but not identical in shape indicating that the proteins are antigenically similar but not identical. From the data presented, it appears that platelets in the monkey, in which species the platelet count is similar to that of man, do contain a Q-TG like protein which is detected by the commercially available RIA for human P-TG. Whilst the relatively crude Ouchterlony diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis techniques cannot distinguish between the two proteins, the more sensitive RIA data suggests that although antigenically similar they are not identical.


Microwave circuittheory is utilized to describe three devices which control coherent optical beams using birefringent crystals. A frequency demodulator uses the difference of the index of refraction along two axes of a birefringent crystal together with a Fabry‐Perot interferometer to obtain an ``s'' type frequency discriminator. An optical isolator consists of a crystal and a polarizer that function in such a way that the input of the device is isolated from the reflection which can occur at its output. An optical switch is based on the filter characteristics of a Fabry‐Perot interferometer which can be adjusted with an electrically activated birefringent crystal.


Peanut kernets and spicy as raw materials,Green food-Spicy Peanut Kernets was made by technology of microwave puffing.The best conditions of the Green food–Spicy Peanut Kernets by Microwave Puffing were as follows: spicy salting time 60min,the high power of microwave modification and microwave time 6min.Through detecting,the sensory,physical-chemical and public health indicators of this product were all agree to the standardized demands.


Our studies in southern China have revealed a remarkable sulfur and strontium isotope excursion at the end of the Permian along with a coincident concentration of impact metamorphosed grains and kaolinite and a significant decrease of manganese, phosphorous, calcium, and microfossils (foraminifera). These data suggest that an asteroid or comet of a <50 km diameter impacted the ocean at the end of the Permian and caused a rapid and massive release of sulfur from the oceanic crust or mantle to the ocean-atmosphere system leading to significant oxygen consumption, acid rain, and the most severe biotic crisis in the history of life on Earth. Our studies in southern China have revealed a remarkable sulfur and strontium isotope excursion at the end of the Permian along with a coincident concentration of impact metamorphosed grains and kaolinite and a significant decrease of manganese, phosphorous, calcium, and microfossils (foraminifera). These data suggest that an asteroid or comet of a <50 km diameter impacted the ocean at the end of the Permian and caused a rapid and massive release of sulfur from the oceanic crust or mantle to the ocean-atmosphere system leading to significant oxygen consumption, acid rain, and the most severe biotic crisis in the history of life on Earth.


"Two-dimensional animation" is a course with High maneuverability for students of innovation and practical ability. But if using traditional teaching methods, that is, teachers prepare lectures according to materials, teaching textbook chapters follow the order to explain the basic theory and applied technology, it is difficult to achieve the expected educational goals. So, teaching method should be improved on the basis of the characteristics of the courses, and teach students to learn to think and have a good command of the methods, thus have the ability to solve practical problems. Keywords—Two-dimensional animation creation; innovation reform; professional characteristics


This paper describes the application of the fuzzy logic controller method on load frequency power systems. Integral and PID controllers are designed and compared with fuzzy logic controller. The controller employ local feedback signal from the output to the input. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller, a single-area and two-area power system are simulated over a wide range of operating conditions and system parameters change. Moreover, system non-linearity such as Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) and governor dead band have been included in the simulation studies. Further, comparative studies between the conventional integral control, PID control and proposed efficient fuzzy logic load frequency control are included on the simulation results. To analyze the time response of area frequency deviations and net interchange deviation following a small load change in one of the areas in an inter connected two-area power system under different control modes, to study the effect of changes in controller parameters on the response and to select the optimal set of parameters for the controller to obtain the best response under different operating conditions.


The author sets a task to demonstrate and substantiate his position on the origin of the ideas of equality and inequality, and to present the foundations of these phenomena. The study of equality and inequality origins means considering the genesis of stratification processes that take place in different historical types of society. It is the understanding of changes in society, the ability to identify new, using historical experience that allow giving an adequate assessment of the contemporary forms of society structuring.


In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a parallel image processing software library (the Parallel Image Processing Toolkit). The Toolkit not only supplies a rich set of image processing routines, it is designed principally as an extensible framework containing generalized parallel computational kernels to support image processing. Users can easily add their own image processing routines without knowledge or explicit use of the underlying data distribution mechanisms or parallel computing model. Shared memory and multi-level memory hierarchies are exploited to achieve high performance on each node, thereby minimizing overall parallel execution time. Multiple load balancing schemes have been implemented within the parallel framework that transparently distribute the computational load evenly on a distributed memory computing environment. Inside the Toolkit, a message-passing model of parallelism is designed around the Message Passing Interface standard. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the parallel speedup obtained with the Parallel Image Processing Toolkit in a typical workstation cluster with some common image processing tasks.


2-Aminofluorene reacts with dihydroxymalonic ester yielding ethyl fluorene dioxindole carboxylate, which is readily hydrolysed and oxidised to an isatin derivative, 2′,3′-indeno-4,5-isatin. The latter compound yields an oxime.


This paper proposes a scheme for the self tuning of the stator inductance in a Rotor Current MRAS Observer for the sensorless control of Doubly Fed Induction Machines. The effect of mismatched parameters in this observer is briefly discussed and the strong dependence of the estimated rotor position on the stator inductance is highlighted. A self tuning scheme is formulated by using only quantities which are already exploited by the observer, so that only a marginally additional computational effort is required in the implementation. Some guidelines to design the tuning loop are given. Finally the performances of the proposed scheme are experimentally tested and discussed.


Characteristics of diesel sprays injected through Cummins medium-duty ISB injectors were studied experimentally in an optically accessible constant-volume combustion vessel. The experiments were performed with ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD) under non-reacting and non-vaporizing conditions, including different ambient gas densities (23–65 kg/m3), injection pressures (500–1,500 bar), and injection duration times (0.5–1.5 ms). The ambient temperature of the vessel was maintained at a room temperature of 313 K for all the tests. A systematic comparison was made between single-hole (SH) and multi-hole (MH) injector configurations. A plume-to-plume variation in spray penetration length was observed for various operating conditions. A substantial deviation was observed for a specific hole against the averaged plume, indicating that arbitrary selection of the plume index may result in inaccurate spray characterization of the MH injector. The penetration length of the MH injector was shorter than that of the SH injector under the same operating conditions, indicating that a spray model calibrated on SH injector data may not accurately predict the transient spray behavior of the MH injector in practical engine simulations. A square-root correlation of the spray penetration length was applied for both the SH and MH injectors. The spray penetration length and dispersion angles of the ISB SH injector were also compared with those of the heavy-duty Cummins ISX SH injector. While the ISX SH injector showed a faster penetration than the ISB SH injector, the dispersion angle was similar. The differences in spray penetration between ISB and ISX injectors followed the expected trend based on their nozzle hole diameters.


If a deal on the Su-35 fighter jet can be agreed, it could well be the last fighter purchase that China will make from Russia. Moscow may now be forced to consider Beijing as a potential partner and not merely as a client state.


Clinical pathway, as a new method of healthcare quality management, has been recognized by health sector, and widely used in hospital management. Applying PDCA cycle into the implementation and management of clinical pathway is an effective mode to promote clinical pathway's continuous improvement, and will also improve its management comprehensively. Its application is of great significance for continuous improvement of healthcare quality and for promoting hospital's competitive edge.


The burgeoning number of mobile consumer electronics has created a demand for lightweight, low-cost, portable displays. The development of a polycrystalline-silicon thin film transistor (TFT) technology compatible with plastic substrates will enable displays and large-area electronics that are low power, rugged and flexible. Significant challenges exist in the development of a polysilicon TFT fabrication process that is compatible with plastic substrates, since plastic has a much lower thermal budget than glass substrates. In general, superior polysilicon TFT performance is achieved with higher temperature fabrication processes because the quality of the polysilicon and gate- dielectric films are very sensitive to process temperature. In this work, an ultra-low-temperature process for fabricating high-quality self-aligned polysilicon TFTs on flexible plastic substrates is described. All fabrication steps are performed at or below 100 degrees C. Polysilicon is formed by crystallizing sputtered amorphous Si films using a XeCl excimer laser with a pulse duration of approximately 35 ns. Gate oxide deposition is formed using high-density plasma CVD, and metal films are deposited by sputtering.


I will argue that the principle of membership proposed by Rosenkrantz can not have the conceptual or explanatory function that it is assumed to have. This principle can not capture central tenets regarding the practice under analysis. It is contradictory with some restraints proposed by Rosenkrantz himself. In the third section I will focus on Rosenkrantz´s arguments employed to justified law application  under unjust socioeconomic circumstances


The study of glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoforms is required for understanding the biotransformation of numerous environmental contaminants, such as the microcystinLR (MC-LR) produced by cyanobacterial blooms. The organ-specific distribution and abundance of fifteen GST transcripts in zebrafish Danio rerio using RT-qPCR and the possible induction or repression in liver and gills after 24-hrs waterborne exposure to 5 μg.L and 50 μg.L MC-LR were evaluated in the present study. The transcriptional levels for gstk1.1, gstal, gstp1 and gstt2 in important detoxification organs such liver, gill and intestine indicates a possible contribution of those isoforms in the biotransformation of contaminants. Significant levels of gstal and gstk1.1 in liver; gstp1 and gstp2 in gill; mgst3a, gstr1, gstm2, gstm3, gstp1, gstp2 and gstk1.1 in intestine; gstm2, gstm3 and gstal in eye; and gstt1a and gsta2.1 in brain, suggest an important function of the corresponding proteins in these organs. The exposure to 5 μg.L and 50 μg.L of MC-LR caused repression of gsta2.1, gstp2 and gstt2 (52 and 90; 76 and 71; 47 and 22 fold, respectively) in liver. The gsta2.1 in gill and gstt1b in liver were downregulated only in the lower concentration of 5 μg.L, and mgst1.1 in gill, and gstt1a in liver were down-regulated only in the highest concentration of 50 μg.L, compared with the control group. The gstal, gstr1, gstp1, mgst3a, gstm1, gstm2 and gstm3 isoforms were not altered by exposure to MC-LR. It is concluded that different isoforms have distinct abundance and organ-specific distribution, even within a certain GST class, and various GST isoforms are down-regulated at the transcriptional level by MCLR.


This paper examines the labour market benefits associated with becoming a citizen of the host country, in this case Canada or the United States. Recent international research indicates that there is an economic return to acquiring citizenship. In addition, the paper examines the rising gap in the citizenship rate between Canada and the United States and examines the differences in individual and region characteristics of immigrants as a possibility for explaining changes in the citizenship rate gap.


Methods: Our research analyses the link between several genetic and external factors and risk of aggressive and non-aggressive PCa using various analytical platforms, including machine learning. A total of 138 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located in 60 genes and 10 chromosomal locations that had been associated with risk and progression of PCa were identified through an extensive literature search. 197 men identified to have aggressive and 57 non-aggressive PCa, and 369 men with no known diseases of the prostate (between the ages of 40-81 years and self-reported European ancestry) were recruited for this study between the years 2006 to 2014. Past and/or present smoking status and alcohol intake, BMI and details about Gleason score, staging data, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level were also collected from these cohorts. Genotyping for the SNPs was carried by using SEQUENOM MassARRAY iPLEX assay or TaqMan® Assay. PLINKa reliable data analysis approach employed for such dataset, and artificial neural network using WEKA were used to parallel the clinical findings and the story derived from SNP genotyping of the samples.


This Tenth Nani A. Palkhivala Memorial lecture lecture centres around the role and responsibility of a central bank in a democratic structure. Central banks make macroeconomic policy that influences the everyday life of people; yet they are managed by unelected officials appointed by the government. Such an arrangement is deliberate, based on the logic that an apolitical central bank, operating autonomously within a statutorily prescribed mandate and with a longer time perspective, is an effective counterpoise to a democratically elected government which typically operates with a political mandate within the time horizon of an electoral cycle. An autonomous and apolitical central bank is a delicate arrangement too, and will work only if the government respects the autonomy of the central bank, and the central bank itself stays within its mandate, delivers on that mandate and renders accountability for the outcomes of its policies and actions. Putting the three elements of this lecture context together --- Shri Palkhivala's exemplary commitment to preserve and promote values and institutions of democracy in India; the Reserve Bank's role in the democratic edifice of India; and the completion of the speaker's term as the Governor of the Reserve Bank - the lecture focuses on a topic that threads together these three elements.


We thank Ovadia, and Brummitt and Lughadha, for assessing the limitations of the species-area analysis in our two publications. They are correct that their alternative approach produces different findings relative to the "hottest" of our 25 hotspots, though the species-area criterion was only one of five in determining our own ranking. Indeed we have dealt with this same factor (in this same journal; Brooks et al. 2002), with results similar to those presented by these authors. More important, and as we were at pains to emphasize repeatedly in both our publications (Mittermeier et al. 1999; Myers et al. 2000), all 25 hotspots warrant priority efforts for enhanced protection on the grounds that they contain the last remaining habitats of perhaps 40% of all terrestrial species in localities facing imminent threat of habitat destruction. The hotspots strategy could knock a huge dent in the whole mass extinction problem. That these vital findings have received widespread acceptance is reflected in the $750 million mobilized in support of the hotspots. Some further points follow:


This article presents findings from a qualitative study that examined how five Burmese refugee students adjusted and navigated two public high schools in a Midwestern urban city in the U.S. The purpose of the study was to capture their unique histories and migration stories from which they drew strength as they resettled in the U.S. The present study focused specifically on the barriers faced by them in achieving high school graduation and impediments to higher education. Important findings included lack of navigational capital, linguicism and the intense shame of being a multilingual learner, birth order, and poor health. Other factors that negatively impacted their educational journeys included feelings of isolation and segregation from mainstream students, as well as lack of information about available resources. Theoretical frameworks of Postcolonial Theory and Critical Race Theory were used to guide the analysis of data and presentation of case studies. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and home visits to facilitate a greater understanding of their education journeys.


This field research has descriptive, explanatory and prospective characteristics; Besides, it was of quantitative nature based on the positivist paradigm. Its purpose was to know the agro - academic reality of the Unit of Agricultural Production of the UPEL - IPB to anticipate the future and to specify the actions in the consolidation of a true center of education, considering in addition the endogenous development and the university social responsibility. The population and sample included the directors of the IPLBPF, the coordinator and workers of the Unit; Coordinator, teachers and students of the Agricultural Education program and the inhabitants of the communities adjacent to this center. In the collection, analysis, validation and presentation of results, the prospective method was used. Apart from knowing the reality of the center and generating a model, the conclusions suggest applying it, defining the vision and mission of the Unit, incorporating the communities to the university, offering optimal education and managing economic resources at all levels.


The immunosuppressive effects of certain antitumor agents have been known for more than a decade, and much more information has accumulated.2 3 4 5 Among more recent developments have been a number of investigations emphasizing the fact that the degree and nature of immunosuppression can vary greatly, depending on the antitumor agent and the animal species investigated.6 7 8 9 The immunologic effects of these compounds has provided a rationale for their use in the treatment of a variety of diseases assumed to have an immunologic pathogenesis. Encouraging results have been obtained in various autoimmune and collagen diseases.10 11 12 13 14 15 16 In addition, the suppression of kidney and hematopoietic . . .


Profound and incisive,Chen Ran's writing draws a personal perspective of modern women's "private life" and records childhood unhappiness,incompleteness and traumatic complexity of life they have to experience in the process of their growth.Her writing exposes the plight of choice women have to face in modern culture as well as the loneliness and agony they feel in self-improving,which deeply discloses the complexity of human nature.In Chen Ran's novels women have to meet their destiny that they are unable to achieve self-improvement and gain understanding in the patriarchy society,which reveals the fact that women's strength lies in not only chopping off the thorns of their own destiny,but listening to and obeying the call of their hearts.With modernity as reflection and the quietness and introspection of women as human values,Chen Ran's writing shows the author's awareness of time and feminist thinking.


This paper comparatively assessing the relationship between "Belongingness and Love" needs of adolescents with reference to population and development education. For this purpose 616 adolescents comprising both male and female were selected in Chennai city by adopting the Random Sampling Technique. Administering the standardised interview schedule constructed by the investigator was helpful to identify the above said Belongingness and Love needs of adolescents. The data collected were subjected to various statistical analyses. The results of the analysis were presented in the form of tables and interpreted appropriately to arrive at logical findings and conclusions. It is concluded that on the basis of findings, there are difference between the Profile of adolescents such as age, sex, type of institute, location, type of family, and income. There are differences between level of need assessment of adolescents' with the Opinion of adolescents towards Reproductive Health Education viz., Healthy Sex Practices, Opposite Sex, Social and Cultural Norms, Learning of RHE. Ultimately it was found that Backward Community Female adolescents who study in co-educational colleges, come from the background of urban area living in nuclear family setup with monthly income of below Rs.10,000 have had a high level opinion towards Reproductive Health Education in terms of "Belongingness and Love".


Background and Aims

Inactive dry yeast (IDY) preparations are widely used in the winemaking industry. Among them, glutathione (GSH)-enriched IDY (g-IDY) preparations are claimed to preserve the aroma and colour of white wines due to their antioxidant properties. It remains uncertain, however, if alcoholic fermentation (AF) influences the fate of the GSH released by IDYs and the impact of these preparations on the oxidation status of the wine, which constitutes the aim of this study.

Methods and Results

The evolution of the GSH concentration of white musts treated with two types of IDYs (a glutathione-enriched IDY, g-IDY, and a fermentative nutrient n-IDY without GSH) and of a control must was determined during AF. In addition, the oxidation status of the musts and the formation of grape reaction product (GRP) derivatives were also monitored. The addition of g-IDYs had little effect on the concentration of reduced GSH in the wines at the end of fermentation. The treatment of musts with IDY preparations, however, reduced the formation of derivatives of GRP and produced more reductive conditions during AF compared with that of control samples.

Conclusions

These results indicate that GSH released by IDYs is not available at the end of AF, but other yeast components from these preparations could be involved in the greater antioxidant status of musts treated with IDYs.

Significance of the Study

This study helps to understand the impact of IDY preparations during winemaking, which will assist the optimisation of their formulation for specific wine applications.


In this paper, we present a repeater block planning algorithm for interconnect-centric floorplanning. We introduce the concept of independent feasible regions for repeaters and derive an analytical formula for their computation. We develop a routability-driven repeater clustering algorithm to perform repeater block planning based on iterative deletion. The goal is to obtain a high-quality solution for the repeater block locations so that performance-driven interconnect synthesis at the routing stage can be carried out with ease while minimizing the chip area. Experimental results show that our method increases the percentage of all global nets that meet their target delays from 67.5% to 85%. Moreover, our approach minimizes the expected routing congestion, making it easier for performance-driven routers to synthesize global nets that require the insertion of repeaters to meet timing constraints.


In Austria traffic-psychology assessment is obligatory for drivers with a BAC of 0.16 % or more as well as for those who refuse the breathalyser test and who have 3 or more alcohol offences in traffic during the last 5 years. According to Austrian law, traffic-psychology assessment has to be based on the following three sources: performance testing, personality testing, and a personal interview (Driving Licence Health Act, FSG-GV, 1998). The goal of traffic-psychology assessment of DUI offenders is to assess the individual recidivism risk, i.e. to make a prognosis of the probability of future driving under the influence of alcohol. For the covering abstract see ITRD E106992.


Camera array which can capture multiple views of light filed directly is used as a common light field acquisition equipment,but camera array is difficult to maintain and high cost as for each view one camera is needed. This paper proposes a method of light field acquisition and reconstruction based on compressive sensing. Much fewer cameras are used to achieve the functions of full-populated camera array. The sparse camera array captures fewer views and reconstructs the original light field by an overcomplete dictionary. The experiments demonstrated it is feasible to reconstruct the original light field at a high quality level.


Under perspective projection, parallel lines in three space project to line segments in the image plane which converge to a common point of intersection (perhaps at infinity) called a vanishing point. There are two basic approaches to computing vanishing points from line segments and thereby estimating the surface gradient of a plane assumed to contain the original 3D lines. We will call these the histogram approach and the cross product approach.


A numerical method for the analysis of thickness modes in piezoelectric plates with full account of the electromechanical coupling is presented. Numerical data for the main electroacoustical characteristics of some highly efficient piezoelectric crystals are given. Some inconsistencies with the available theoretical models are discussed.


FIELD: chemistry of nucleosides. SUBSTANCE: products: compounds of the formula (I): where R 1 - hydrogen; R 2 - pyrimidine base or its derivative; W - oxygen; X - group CH 2 ,; Y - group CH 2 . Synthesis is carried out by glycosylation of pyrimidine base or its derivative with enantiomer compound of the formula (II): where R 3 - lower alkoxycarbonyl; L - group OR where R - hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -aliphatic acyl-group in the presence of Lewis acid of the formula (III): followed by reduction of glycosylated base or its derivative. Invention proposes also intermediate compounds of the formula (II) where W - oxygen; X = Y - CH 2 ; R 3 - - lower alkoxycarbonyl; L - group OR where R - H or C 1 -C 6 --aliphatic acyl-group, and formula (VIII) where R 2 - - pyrimidine base or its derivative; R 3 - - lower alkoxycarbonyl used by this method. The synthesized compounds show high optical purity. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis, improved quality of compounds. 9 cl, 6 tbl


During the initial stage of pyrolysis of polydimethylsilane, larger quanhties of gaseous and liquid products are produced. In this paper, it is proved that the gaseous product contains dimethylsilane and trimethylsilane, whereas liquid products is a future of linear or cyclic silane oligomers by IR and GC-MS analysis. Baed on the idenhfication and analysis to the composition and structure of these pyrolytic products, the pyrolytic process and mechanism of polydAnethysilane are discussed.


Introduction: Sedation has been shown to increase patient satisfaction during regional anesthesia and may be considered as a means to increase the patient's acceptance of regional anesthetic techniques. For surgery under regional anesthesia, sedation is a valuable tool to make it more convenient for the patient, the anesthetist, and the surgeon. This study focuses sedative property of Dexmedetomidine in regional anesthesia. Material and Method: This study was conducted in the Department of anaesthesiology, Banaras Hindu University. A randomized prospective study was conducted on 60ASA grade I and II patients of age 20 to 60 years undergoing elective gynaecological surgery. Dexmeditomidine was administered intravenously for sedation. Group A sedation was monitored by BIS and Group B by Ramsay sedation score (RSS). Results: The induction, maintenance and total dose of Dexmedetomidine in group A was significantly less than in group B (28.77±4.44 vs 35.43±6.90, 12.24±2.70 vs 18.57±4.74, and 41.01±5.97 vs 54.00±9.62 mcg p< 0.001). Recovery time was prolonged in group B in comparison to group A (37.87±3.35 vs 22.17±3.19 mins p<0.001). Vitals like heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure were significantly less than baseline in both groups. Respiratory rate and SPO2 did not change significantly from baseline in both groups. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine provides effective sedation. Use of BIS during Dexmedetomidine infusion reduces the dose required for sedation.


Changes in land use restructuring significantly impact carbon emissions and the provision of ecosystem service value (ESV). This study focuses on the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration, and accounts for carbon emissions and ecosystem service values caused by land use in the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. Carbon sources, carbon sinks, net carbon emission intensity, and ESV intensity were introduced as research variables and the spatial and temporal divergence and correlation patterns between them were examined. The results show that: 1) The carbon emission intensity of land use in the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration has increased significantly over the study period, showing a distribution pattern of high intensity in the centra regions and low intensity in the surrounding regions. Construction land was identified as the largest carbon source. 2) The overall ESV follows an increasing trend, with the total value increasing from 215,263.7 million to 216,776.2 million. The distribution of ESV intensity is low in the central regions and high in the surrounding regions, and significant changes were observed in the ESV loss and gain intensity of farmland and water body. 3) Carbon emissions and ESV show a significant negative spatial correlation, and both are dominated by low-high and high-low aggregation patterns. A spatial spillover effect of carbon emissions on ESV was observed. Through the correlation analysis of carbon emissions and ESV, theoretical support is provided for promoting regional low-carbon green development and eco-economic synergistic development.


Cooperative communication is proved to effectively mitigate fading, achieve high spectrum efficiency and improve transmission capacity for wireless networks by means of spatial diversity. Recently increasing work is extended to cooperative medium access control (MAC) protocol design. A relay preselection and contention-based cooperative MAC (RPCB-CMAC) protocol is proposed to alleviate the negative effect of low rate nodes which take more time to transmit the same data than high rate nodes. In the protocol, the sender preselects two candidate relays through its local relay-information table, and sets different priorities to these two candidate relays by relay utility which reflects how much time can be saved per packet. After the handshake between the sender and the receiver, two candidate relays can obtain rate information among the sender, the receiver and themselves to judge whether they can provide cooperation gain. If they can, then they contend to become the final relay based on their priorities. Simulation results show that compared to basic RTS/CTS scheme and CoopMAC, the proposed protocol can improve the network performance.


ARABIC THOUGHT IN THE LIBERAL AGE 1798–1939. Albert Hourani. O.U.P., 1962. THE INTELLECTUAL ORIGINS OF EGYPTIAN NATIONALISM, J. M. Ahmed. O.U.P., 1960. AHMADIYYAH (A Study in Contemporary Islam on the West African Coast). Humphrey J. Fisher. O.U.P., 1963.


Management of patients who have ventriculoperitoneal shunt presenting with acute calcular cholecystitis has remained a clinical challenge. In this paper, the hospital course and the follow-up of a patient presenting with acute calcular cholecystitis and ventriculoperitoneal shunt managed with laparoscopic cholecystectomy are presented followed by literature review on the management of acute calcular cholecystitis in patients who have ventriculoperitoneal shunts.


Part I: Functional Structure and Processes of Interpretation in the DP/NP 1. Yen-hui Audrey Li and Yuzhi Shi NP as Argument 2. Yoshihisa Kitagawa Copying Variables 3. Keiko Muromatsu Classifiers and the Count-Mass Distinction 4. Hajime Hoji, Satoshi Kinsui, Yukinori Takubo and Ayumi Ueyama The Demonstratives in Modern Japanese Part II: Grammaticalization and the Diachronic Development of Functional Structure 5. Andrew Simpson On the Reanalysis on Nominalizers in Chinese, Japanese and Korean 6. Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai Three Types of Existential Quantification in Chinese 7. Alain Peyraube On the History of Place Words and Localizers in Chinese: A Cognitive Approach Part III: Clause Level Structures: Processes of Interpretation and Principles of Organization 8. S.-Y. Kuroda Judgement, Point of View and the Interpretation of Causee Noun Phrases 9. William O'Grady A Computational Approach to Case and Word Order in Korean 10. Thomas Ernst Adjuncts and Word Order Typology in East Asian Languages 11. C.-T. James Huang The Distribution of Negative NPs and Some Typological Correlates


A modular multiprocess software architecture for off-line experimental nuclear data handling has been developed. It is mainly based on a circular queueing network with server processes, and data buffers as service requests. A general controller process implements a user friendly interface, communicating in a transparent way with the related server to control the whole system. The efficiency of this architecture has been already tested with the realization of a package of programs, running on a VAX computer under VAX/VMS operating system, to be used for off-line analysis. This architecture, with some modifications, has been translated into a VMEbus multiprocessor environment, to be used as acquisition software for the Crystal Ball data acquisition system. >


In real-world traffic data, missing data is inevitable for traffic collection problem and some other reasons. Therefore, it is increasingly critical to complete the whole traffic data. To make full use of hidden spatial-temporal structures of the Internet traffic data, we extend to traffic matrix (user, server) to a three-way tensor (user, server, time). This paper proposed a novel algorithm to recover the missing data, named TSVT (Tucker decomposition and tensor singular value thresholding). We exploit the proposed the Tucker decomposition and low rank tensor completion (LRTC). Based on LRTC, we extend the known singular value thresholding (SVT) to the tensor case, and combine Tucker decomposition to optimize the performance of the algorithm. Based on Internet traffic data, we model two different tensors, and apply our TSVT to infer the unobserved data of the traffic. Furthermore, we apply TSVT algorithm to our Internet data. Numerical experiments on Synthetic data verify our method and the application for completing DPI traffic data proves the effectiveness of the method.


Quantum hydrodynamics is the emergent classical dynamics governing transport of conserved quantities in generic strongly-interacting quantum systems. Recent matrix product operator methods have made simulations of quantum hydrodynamics in 1+1d tractable, but they do not naturally generalize to 2+1d or higher, and they offer limited guidance as to the difficulty of simulations on quantum computers. Near-Clifford simulation algorithms are not limited to one dimension, and future error-corrected quantum computers will likely be bottlenecked by non-Clifford operations. We therefore investigate the non-Clifford resource requirements for simulation of quantum hydrodynamics using ``mana'', a resource theory of non-Clifford operations. For infinite-temperature starting states we find that the mana of subsystems quickly approaches zero, while for starting states with energy above some threshold the mana approaches a nonzero value. Surprisingly, in each case the finite-time mana is governed by the subsystem entropy, not the thermal state mana; we argue that this is because mana is a sensitive diagnostic of finite-time deviations from canonical typicality.


A 27-year-old Japanese woman presented with sudden onset of erythematous nodules on her arms and legs, associated with arthralgia, and swelling of elbows, knees and ankles bilaterally. The nodules and arthralgia had developed 3 days previously, while she was undergoing treatment for a painful lump in her left breast. This lump had developed about 1 month previously, and the patient had been diagnosed with mastitis and treated with oral antibiotics and drainage. The patient had a 2-year history of diabetes mellitus, but had maintained good glycaemic control with the use of an oral antihyperglycaemic agent. She did not use oral contraceptives, and she had never been pregnant. On physical examination, an indurated mass, 80 9 60 mm in size, was found in the upper inner quadrant of the left breast (Fig. 1a). There were also tender, bright red nodules and plaques, 20–40 mm in size, on the arms and the anterior legs (Fig. 1b,c). The patient's temperature was 38.6 °C. Bacterial, fungal and mycobacterium cultures of the exudate were all negative. Chest radiography was normal. Laboratory investigations identified raised C-reactive protein level of 5.79 mg/dL (normal < 0.2 mg/dL) and an increased white cell count of 18.12 9 10/L (normal 4–10 9 10/L) with a high percentage of neutrophils (82.5%; normal range 40–60%). Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme level was normal, and tests for serum antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid factor were negative. Histopathological findings


This paper aims to better Chinese social security system,and study the characteristics and gap between urban and rural areas.Based on this,the paper proposes that we should enhance the unified planning and guidance of urban-rural social security construction,widen the coverage of social security,and divide sanitation areas reasonably so as to strengthen the investment in sanitation facilities in those less developed areas.


Based on the ARM9 processor,a new visional information collection device is developed,which is economical,reliable,easily installable and free of maintenance.This device is a visional information management system when assisted with complete and mature management software.It can be combined with wind power set control system to set up a complete wind power production management system.Therefore,the modern wind power station management mode is renewed,gaining a higher profit margin with lower cost.The emphasis is put on the design,hardware selection,the philosophy of software design,and the managerial revolution brought by its application to wind farms.


Abstract After the crisis of 1998, which was followed by a periode labeled as 'reformasi', Indonesia having entered a transitional phase from authoritarian rule toward a new democratic system. In transitional phase emerged outbursts of ethnic and religious violences in various regions of the archipelago. This articles tries to analyze multicultural studies in a period of the new order. In education perspective, the outbursts of ethnic and religious violences after 'reformasi', showed that the new order was failure to make harmony by created the instruction of religious, civic skill, and military instructional as labeled 'kewiraan'. Recently time, history, could be formulated to be multicultural studies. The curriculum of history have been modified and transformed to the multicultural studies by used the burhani technical system. The burhani technical system usually used to analyze religious texts. The themes of curriculum history, and then modify, to produce the themes of multicultural studies by consider the social sciences (sociology, politics, and economics) and humanity sciences (anthropology and religion). Key words: authoritarian, democratic, violence, multicultural studies, and burhani technical system


We obtained steady solutions of magnetized black hole accretion disks taking into account the gas pressure, magnetic pressure, and radiation pressure. We assumed the bremsstrahlung cooling in the optically thin limit and the black body cooling in the optically thick limit. W assumed that magnetic fields inside the disk are turbulent and dominated by azimuthal component and that the azimuthally averaged Maxwell stress is proportional to the total pressure. We found that when accretion rate exceeds the threshold for the onset of the thermal instability for optically thin disks, a magnetic pressure dominated, cool branch appears in the thermal equilibrium curve. This disk corresponds to the "Bright/Hard" state in black hole candidates observed during the transition from a Low/Hard state to a High/Soft state.


This study fabricates certain Ni/diamond composite coatings using a coelectrodeposition method and then evaluates the effect of diamond content on the morphology, phase structure, microhardness, wear, and corrosion resistance of such coatings, while exploring their tribological and anticorrosion mechanisms. It is demonstrated that the addition of diamond can change the preferred orientation of Ni from (200) to (111), and its texture coefficient value can be boosted from 23.3% to 64.4% with the increase of diamond content. In the experiment, at a diamond content of 3 g L−1, the deposited diamond particles are more and evenly dispersed across the composite, with the microhardness of nickel‐based coatings reaching an optimum value of 613 HV. In addition, the coefficient of friction is reduced to a minimum value of 0.627, while the wear rate is kept at only 1.79 × 10−5 mm3 Nm−1, indicating a high wear resistance. Electrochemical test results demonstrate that the Ni/diamond composite coatings produced at 3 g L−1 create the maximum charge transfer resistance (5429.3 Ω cm2) and the minimum corrosion current density (2.19 μA cm−2), features that can deliver the best corrosion resistance.


Stephen M. TaylorWlodarczyk, Richard H. Finnell, Trent M. Woodruff andLisgo, David G. Simmons, Leonie K. Callaway, Bogdan Kerina J. Denny, Liam G. Coulthard, Angela Jeanes, Stevenol.1203072http://www.jimmunol.org/content/early/2013/02/17/jimmunJ Immunol€ published online 18 February 2013Subscriptionshttp://jimmunol.org/subscriptionsInformation about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: Permissionshttp://www.aai.org/ji/copyright.htmlSubmit copyright permission requests at: Email Alertshttp://jimmunol.org/cgi/alerts/etocReceive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at:


I -CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS Hairi, H. (Geneva). Congenital latent nystagmus. (Nystagmus latent congdnitale.) Revue Gene'rale d'Ohtal., April, 1921. In a somewhat long and rather speculative article Hairi discusses what he denominates latent nystagmus of congenital origin. This must be distinguished from latent nystagmus of acquired type, such as comes on only under certain circumstances as in coal miners or certain professional occupations. The definition of the congenital type is, according to the auithor, " A trembling of one or both eyeballs, which becomes manifest on covering one eye." The leading work on this subject is that of C. and H. Fromaget (Ann. d'oculist, 1912). These writers supposed that their case was unique, but Hairi shows that that is far from being the case, he having found cases recorded as far back as that of Faucou in 1872. Nevertheless, the literature is not very large and includes, in addition to continental writers, the names of Brewerton, Grimsdale, Clarke, and E. Thomson in Great Britain. In his explana*tion of the pathogenesis the author gives schemata to indicate the nerve paths between the cortex, the supranuclear and the nuclear centres, and the eyeballs. These diagrams show how direct central 128 THOMAS YOUNG ORATION control through the nuclear centres may be substituted for control through the supranuclear centres, which latter, however, have not yet been anatomically located. The principal conclusions come to are the following:-(1) The motor ocular apparatus consists of cortical, supranuclear and nuclear centres; (2) movement of one eye is possible because in addition to the normal nerve bundles between the cortex and the supranuclear centres there are direct communications between the cortex and the nuclear centres; (3) the slow and the rapid phases of nystagmus have different origins. The former is under the influence of the supranuclear, and the latter of the cortical centre; (4) disturbance of the mechanism takes place in congenital latent nystagmus because when one eye is covered its influence upon the congenitally insufficient supranuclear centre of the opposite side is suppressed; and that is why the slow phase of congenital latent nystagmus is directed towards the side of the covered eye and the rapid phase to the opposite side. In order fully to understand this theorem reference must be made to the original, p. 161, and to Schema No. 2, which shows the nerve paths; (5) nystagmus (of the "spring" type), whatever its origin, becomes less or ceases as soon as the direction of the eyeballs coincides with the direction of maximum pathological deviation, and nystagmus occurs whenever the direction of the eyeballs deviates from the direction of maximum deviation, the amplitude of the nystagmus being directly proportional to the amount of this deviation of the eyes from the direction of maximum deviation. This is why the nystagmus increases in intensity when the patient directs his gaze to the side opposite the covered eye, and diminishes or ceases when attention is directed to the side -of the covered eye. Those interested in the mechanism of nystagmus would do well to study this whole a-rticle in the original, for in addition to what the author has to say regarding latent nystagmus there is a good bibliography. ERNEST THOMSON. II-THE THOMAS YOUNG ORATION Sheard, Charles (American Optical Company).-The Thomas Young Oration: "Some important Physical and Physiological Relationships between radiant energy and the Visual Apparatus and Processes." Trans. of the Obtical Society, 1921-1922, Vol. XXIII, No. 1. We have received an advanced proof of Sheard's article which we have read with pleasure. The first part of the oration is mainly concerned with the marvellous man, Thomas Young, who, in the 129 THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY words of Tscherning, " played the role of first man in so many different branches of science." . . . " For his own reputation it would certainly have been better if Young had completely developed but one of his ideas. But for the advancement of science it was better that he did as he did. For, if the second man is not frequently met with, the first one is extremely rare." In the second portion of the oration Sheard passes to the consideration of the various theories of vision, and in this we shall not attempt to follow him in abstract. It is interesting to note that he estimates at " sixty or more " the number of theories of the mechanism of visual response. When speaking of Young and the discovery of astigmatism the orator mentions the methods of determining the amount and the axis of astigmatism, and the following paragraph occurs which is of such practical application that it seems wise, in the interest of the reader more interested, perhaps, in practical methods than in theories, to transcribe it rather fully. " An eye which has an insufficient resolving power shows, in general, three defects (1) a marked loss of power to sustain the adjustments needed for clear seeing; (2) an undue lag in making the adjustment necessary for clear seeing; and (3) the fact of increased amount of light required initially to discriminate details in the standard acuity object. In the past we have quite commonly pursued methods of examination of ocular defects involving changes in visual angle rather than illumination. But, in so far as the test object is concerned, clearness of seeing depends upon both the visual angle subtended and the illumination. Hence, either the visual angle scale or the illumination scale may be used for the detection of the defects of the eye considered as an optical system, i.e., the visual angle may be varied and the illumination kept constant or the converse. The illumination scale, however, possesses the greater sensibility for the detection of small errors, and from recent experimentation we are satisfied that visual radiant energy, i.e., illumination, constitutes the superior method in detecting the exact amount-and, in the case of astigmia, the placement of the correcting cylinder-of visual interference which exists because of physical defects of the eye as an instrument. For if the eye has an equal resolving power in all meridians, the amount of light required just to discriminate a test object in all meridians will be the same; if the resolving power is not equal, the amount of light will be different in the various meridians and different by an amount proportional to the amplification represented by the illumination scale. In particular is this true in the determination of the amount and the exact placement of -the correction in cases of low astigmatisms. Clinical methods as ordinarily pursued may vary easily in conclusions from 0.12 to 0.25 D. in strength of cylinders and, in 130


Access to finance has been the focus of significant interest in recent years as there are warning signs suggesting that lack of access to credit has an adverse effect on growth and poverty alleviation. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that access to finance is positively correlated with productivity and competitiveness; therefore, it is an important consideration in terms of the poverty trap evident in developing countries. Using endogenous and exogenous variables from data derived from the Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS 2005), this paper examines a conceptual background on the basis of new statistical evidence concerning access to credit and segmentation in Nicaragua. The core contribution of this study lies in the critical revision of the main constraints in terms of increasing financial access for the broad range of Nicaraguan households. Likewise, our analysis produces new empirical indications that challenge the monopolistic power that financial institutions have in this country.


Stochastic orders can be applied to Markov reward models and used to aggregate models, while introducing a bounded error. Aggregation reduces the number of states in a model, mitigating the effect of the state-space explosion and enabling the wider use of Markov reward models. Existing aggregation techniques based upon stochastic orders are limited by a combination of strong requirements on the structure of the model, and complexity in determining the stochastic order and generating the aggregated model. We develop a set of general conditions in which models can be analyzed and aggregated compositionally, dramatically lowering the complexity of the aggregation and solution of the model. When these conditions are combined with a recently developed general stochastic order for Markov reward models, significantly larger models can be solved than was previously possible for a large class of models


The Broad wireless ATM communication network , in which CDMA multiple-access technique is adopted , becomes a most favorable focus among the 3rd generation wireless communication network . Based on the subject (focus) ,this article commences the conditions applications of channel multiplex, establishing a calculation method on the distributing a calculation method on the distributing probability (ratio) of the channel users on condition of direct channel multiplex.


The Centre has been closely involved in a comprehensive system of water quality monitoring on the River Lee, in conjunction with the Thames Water Authority. Information on parameters such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, nitrate ion and ammonia concentration, and pH value are telemetered over switched telephone lines (using Post Office 400 modems) to a Texas Instruments 960A process control computer at Stevenage. The latter decodes incoming data and displays it in a variety of forms, including 24 hour maximum, minimum and average values. The telemetry system is automatic in use, including the making of telephone calls to the outstations situated at the water-quality monitors. Manual intervention is possible via the computer keyboard to obtain extra data, as required. Because the operation is controlled by computer software, it is relatively simple to select options for system operation and data display. These include:


Russian propaganda outlet RT (formerly, Russia Today) produces content in seven languages. There is ample evidence that RT's communication techniques differ for different language audiences. In this article, we offer the first comprehensive analysis of RT's multi-lingual article collection, analyzing all 2.4 million articles available on the online platform from 2006 until 06/2023. Annual semantic networks are created from the co-occurrence of the articles' tags. Within one language, we use AlignedUMAP to get stable inter-temporal embeddings. Between languages, we propose a new method to align multiple, sparsely connected networks in an intermediate representation before projecting them into the final embedding space. With respect to RT's communication strategy, our findings hint at a lack of a coherent strategy in RT's targeting of audiences in different languages, evident through differences in tag usage, clustering patterns, and uneven shifts in the prioritization of themes within language versions. Although identified clusters of tags align with the key themes in Russian propaganda, such as Ukraine, foreign affairs, Western countries, and the Middle East, we have observed significant differences in the attention given to specific issues across languages that are rather reactive to the information environment than representing a cohesive approach.


Integration of wireless power transfer (WPT) into roadways and vehicles represents a promising alternative to traditional transportation. In this study, the economic feasibility, environmental impact and infrastructure optimization of inmotion WPT in the U.S. is evaluated using dynamic vehicle models integrated with GPS stamped real world drive cycle data. Results show total vehicle level savings greater than the WPT EV purchase price with a societal level infrastructure payback time of 7.4 years at 25% fleet penetration for deployment in the U.S. Environmental results show the technology to be beneficial in terms of global warming impact and all criteria pollutants with the exception of SOx. Optimizing the technology for consumer satisfaction shows that up to 99% of light duty real world drive cycles are satisfied with a 25 mile on-board electrical range utilizing 50 kW in-motion WPT on high speed roadways. Additionally, overall grid impact is expected to be minimal if vehicle-togrid power transfer is implemented.


An explicit relation is derived between the helicity of the vector field corresponding to the configuration of the closed U(1) Nielsen-Olesen strings and such quantitative characteristics of the curved contours as the linking and writhing numbers. The direct evaluation of the writhing number for the closed string containing a helical segment is presented.


Mountaineering literature on the Mt. Everest region of the Himalaya mountains of Nepal and Tibet occasionally contains observations of soaring birds.This paper describes the soaring birds observed in the Everest region and estimates the choughs gliding characteristics. It is shown that the birds most likely soared to the extreme altitudes in the airflows caused by Everest. The choughs appear to be the surrogate soaring "pilots" of Everest.


A preparation of porcine thyrocalcitonin (P-TCT) (Armour) having an estimated potency of 18 Medical Research Council (MRC) U/mg was purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 columns developed with 0.1M acetic acid ×2. When the active Sephadex peak was chromatographed on a Dowex 1×2 acetate column 3 fractions were eluted which had relative potencies 12, 15 and 22 times that of the starting material. All had nearly identical amino acid profiles with a significant concentration of cystine and only traces of isoleucine and lysine. None of the 3 fractions was homogeneous on starch gel electrophoresis. The consistency of the amino acid profile for the 3 fractions in the absence of uniform biological activity or a uniform electrophoretic pattern is unexplained. The active peptide in a preparation of human thyrocalcitonin (H-TCT) appeared to have a lower molecular weight than P-TCT on Sephadex G-50 columns developed with a 0.1M ammonium acetate buffer at pH 4.2. When chromatographed on a Dowex 1×2 acetate colum...


A cubic Kolmogorov prey-predator system is constructed and is shown to have three small amplitude limit cycles, among which two are stable. This can serve as an affirmative answer to a question proposed by Coleman(1982). The computer algebraic system, Maple, is applied to manipulate polynomials in dealing with the system.


During an uninterrupted period from about 1910 through 1913, Blanche Ames Ames (1878–1969), an American artist and women's suffragist, worked closely with her brother, Adelbert Ames II (1880–1955), a lawyer, artist and optical physiologist, in a study of color, perspective and other aspects of pictorial art in the hope of using scientific findings to enhance the realism of their paintings. They made significant progress, but their close relationship ended in 1922 as a result of a disagreement about their joint authorship of a published paper.


The paper presents the results of experimental studies related to the formation of clathrate structures in highly diluted hydrophilic aqueous solutions. A method based on the interference of laser beams transmitted through a water lens of various configurations is applied. It shown that the studied solutions have properties associated with the self-organization of the structure in clathrate states due to the cooperative effect of changes in the inhomogeneous network of hydrogen bonds. It is found that in the range of small concentrations of dissolved substances in aqueous solutions, in spite of some stabilization of the structures in the formed clathrates depending on the number of interacting molecules, the formation of associates of various shapes is possible. An increase in the content of dissolved substances in aqueous solutions leads to the destruction of the ordered structure, and the excess molecules of the hydrophilic substance, combined together, form complex aggregates or their "islands".


Within the diallel crossing of sun{lower inbred lines we have studied a heterosis level for major agronomic traits in F1. A genetic diversity of lines for I I isoenzymic systems has been de{ined. Genetic relationships between lines were investigated by the cluster analysis, which was performed on the base of a matrix of genetic distances. Five gpoups of lines were singled out by the cluster analysis. Sigpificant correlation between genetic distances and seed yield ofFl hybrids was shown. With the increase of genetic distances between lines, the heterosis level was also growing in F1 hybrids.


Abstract Synchronization overhead and communication contention for fine grain parallel processing are eliminated by the Associative Template Dataflow (ATD) architecture examined in this paper. Associative synchronization permits all elements of a distributed control state to be updated in a single cycle through a broadcast technique. A generalization of scoreboarding to include multiple memory elements as well as execution resources is employed to circumvent contention and respond to latency. Operations and their readiness state are maintained by a dataflow representation. A simulator of the ATD architecture has been developed and application programs have been written for experimentation. This paper presents the results of these experiments and demonstrates that high utilization of critical execution elements is achieved. Costs and programming mapping issues and methods are also considered.


There is increasing evidence that metabolic diseases involving the central nervous system may present with an adult onset and mimic degenerative or demyelinating diseases.1 Another case is reported in this issue by Bottin et al. They describe the case of a 22-year-old man presenting with a subacute extensive myelopathy with bilateral optic neuropathy mimicking seronegative neuromyelitis optica. Metabolic evaluation revealed biotidinase deficiency, and treatment with high doses of biotin progressively improved the clinical condition. Very few cases of similar observations have been previously reported in adolescents or children with biotinidase deficiency and, as stated by Bottin et al., it becomes increasingly important to include biotinidase assessment in patients with seronegative neuromyelitis optica, especially because biotinidase deficiency can be efficiently treated by pharmacological doses of biotin.


Simple linear correlations among runoff and rainfall erosivity parameters and soil losses caused by erosivity rainfall in Haplargids were studied. Data related to 1986-1990 were obtained in the Experimental Station at Sume-Brazil. The rainfall erosivity parameters were the following: a) total height of the rainfall (P) in mm; b) maximum intensity (In): I5; I10; I15; I20; I25; I30; I35; I40; I45; I50; I55; I60 and I120 minutes in mm h-1, respectively; c) total kinetic energy by the Wischmeier & Smith's and by the Wagner & Massambani's methods in MJ ha-1 (KE and KEW); d) kinetic energy of intensities higher than 10 mm h-1 (KE > 10 and KEW > 10) in MJ ha-1; e) kinetic energy of intensities higher than 25 mm h-1 (KE > 25 e KEW > 25) in MJ ha-1; f) total kinetic energy products by maximum intensities rainfall (EIn): EI5, EI10; EI15; EI20; EI25; EI30 EIW30; EI35; EI40; EI45; EI50; EI55; EI60 and EI120 in MJ mm ha-1h-1, respectively; g) total height of rainfall products by maximum intensity rainfall (PIn): PI5, PI10, PI15; PI20; PI25; PI30; PI35; PI40; PI45; PI50; PI55; PI60 and PI120 in mm2 h-1, respectively; and h) runoff volume (Vu) in m3. The runoff erosivity parameter (Vu) best estimated (r = 0.812) the soil losses in Sume-PB. Among rainfall erosivity parameters, the PI25 type (r = 0.753) was best correlated with soil losses. The Wischmeier & Smith's and the Wagner & Massambani's equations used to calculate the total kinetic energy rainfall presented the same degree of precision in estimating soil losses.


Wireless technologies play an important role in the present and future delivery of information to the home, and in a wide range of additional voice, video, and data communications applications.