ABSTRACT This paper investigates procedures and criteria for the evaluation of faculty in higher education. It first surveys the different indices currently in use for evaluating research, teaching and service activities. It then discusses the use of these criteria in view of the shifting framework of evaluation in the university from that based on promotion and tenure decisions to one which is based on institutional review. Finally, conditions for the success of faculty evaluation are outlined. These include evaluation procedures that are consultative in nature, the specification of criteria and standards, and an emphasis on the critical role of faculty in evaluation and in becoming evaluators themselves.


Introduction The idea that a single endocrine gland controls the complex processes of somatic growth has been argued about ever since Pierre Marie described the clinical syndrome of acromegaly in 1884 and, a few years later, Loeb related it to changes which could be observed in the pituitary gland. But for nearly fifty years after this, clinical and experimental observations were uncertain and sometimes conflicting. Then Harvey Cushing, with the human being, and Philip E. Smith, with the tadpole and the rat, clearly demonstrated, thirty to forty years ago that the presence of the anterior pituitary lobe of the pituitary gland is necessary for normal growth in the human being and in nearly all the animals investigated, though not necessarily at all times after conception. For example, removal of the pituitary gland from the very young rat (less than thirty days) does not induce immediate cessation of growth, and the animal may grow for some time afterwards. Hypophysectomy only reduces the rate of growth of the guinea pig, and does not stop it (Knobil and Greep, 1959; Clayton and Worden, 1960). The growth of the foetus is not much depressed by the removal of the pituitary gland from the pregnant animal.


We find that three factors – cryptocurrency market, size, and momentum – capture the cross-sectional expected cryptocurrency returns. We consider a comprehensive list of price- and market-related factors in the stock market, and construct their cryptocurrency counterparts. Nine cryptocurrency factors form successful long-short strategies that generate sizable and statistically significant excess returns. We show that all of these strategies are accounted for by the cryptocurrency three-factor model.


There is increasing dissatisfaction with cost growth in major defense acquisition programs. Cost growth crowds out other investments, stresses budgets or causes schedule slips, all of which result in a military force that is less capable than previously expected. Several recent studies have recommended two categories of reforms: capital budgeting reforms seek stability in acquisition accounts, and rational cost model reforms seek to reduce the percentage increase of final cost over budget estimates. In both categories, undesirable secondary effects may be worse than the desirable primary effects; specifically, reforms that reduce cost growth may do so by driving total costs higher. This study examines these reforms and discusses their secondary effects. The paper concludes that the current practice of generating low estimates, coupled with dissatisfaction with cost growth may best serve to limit total cost.


While much of the public debate about health revolves around the importance of genetics and lifestyle, a growing body of evidence suggests far more attention should be paid to social and economic influences on health. (editor abstract)


Data presented herein demonstrate that the DC current gain of GaInP/GaInAsN/GaAs DHBTs is almost independent of temperature over the range 225[ T[ 475 K and is relatively insensitive to current density for Jc / 1 A/cm 2 . Direct comparisons are made between DHBTs with different GaInAsN base alloy compositions and grading schemes and a high-performance GaInP/GaAs HBT.


Wafer-scale synthesis of p-type TMD films is critical for its commercialization in nextgeneration electro/optoelectronics. In this work, wafer-scale intrinsic n-type WS2 films and in-situ Nb-doped p-type WS2 films were synthesized through atomic layer deposition (ALD) on 8-inch α-Al2O3/Si wafers, 2-inch sapphire and 1 cm 2 GaN substrate pieces. The Nb doping concentration was precisely controlled by altering cycle number of Nb precursor and activated by post-annealing. WS2 n-FETs and Nb-doped p-FETs with different Nb concentrations have been fabricated using CMOS-compatible processes. Xray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Hall measurements confirmed the effective substitutional doping with Nb. The on/off ratio and electron mobility of WS2 n-FET are as high as 10 5 and 6.85 cm 2 V -1 s -1 , respectively. WS2 p-FET with 15-cycle Nb doping, the on/off ratio and hole mobility are 10 and 0.016 cm 2 V -1 s -1 , respectively. The pn structure based on nand ptype WS2 films was proved with a 10 4 rectifying ratio. The realization of controllable in-situ Nb-doped WS2 films paved a way for fabricating waferscale complementary WS2 FETs.


Abstract People spend most of their time in indoor environments and, consequently, these environments are more significant for the contribution of the daily pollutant exposure than outdoors. In case of children, a great part of their time is spent at school. Therefore, evaluations of this microenvironment are important to assess their time-weighted exposure to air pollutants. The aim of this study was to assess the children exposure to bioaerosols at schools from two different types of areas, urban and rural. A methodology based upon passive sampling was applied to evaluate fungi, bacteria and pollens, simultaneously with active sampling for fungi and bacterial assessment. Results showed very good correlations between sampling methods, especially for summer season. Passive sampling methodologies presented advantages such as no need of specific and expensive equipment, and they allow achieving important qualitative information. The study was conducted in different periods of the year to study the seasonal variation of the bioaerosols. Fungi and pollen presented higher levels during the summer time whereas bacteria did not present a seasonal variation. Indoor to outdoor ratios were determined to assess the level of outdoor contamination upon the indoor environment. Levels of fungi were higher outdoor and bacteria presented higher concentrations indoors. Indoor levels of bioaerosols were assessed in primary schools of urban and rural areas, using the active method along with a passive sampling method. Very good correlations between methods were found which allow the use of the passive sampling method to supply important and reliable qualitative information of bioaerosols concentrations in indoor environments. Seasonal variation in bioaerosols concentrations were found for fungi and pollen. Concentrations of fungi and bacteria above AMV (Acceptable Maximum Value) were found for most of the studied classrooms showing the importance of this microenvironment for the high exposure of children to bioaerosols.


Abstract Performance management systems (PMS) are essential instruments for the evidence-based management of on-site production within the industrialized housebuilding (IHB) sector. The information required for more evidence-based decision-making is determined by the business strategies and should be reflected in the design of the PMS. The aim of this study is to clarify, report on and analyze the influence which different strategic orientations have on the PMS. For this purpose, a multiple case study was conducted within the IHB sector of Austria, Germany and Switzerland. The findings revealed those business strategies which led companies to develop specific features within their PMS and showed which specific indicators are relevant for managing on-site performance. In addition, the findings identify weaknesses in performance measurement but also best practice examples. Based on the findings, a differentiated approach towards the ongoing refinement of PMS is suggested, allowing management to be more focussed on strategic objectives.


Studies on the distribution of Na+, K+ -dependent, Mg2+ deprmrlent and C82+ dependent Adenosine Triphosphatas& (ATP-ases) in the testes. enididymis, seminal vesiclts and prostate glands of mature bonnet mJnkeYs were carried out with and without Testosterone propionate (TP) treatment. ComparativelY. the Ca2+ dependent AlP ase was very active in the te3tes. caput and cauda epididymiS and prostate of control animals. However. the Mg2+-dependent AlP-ase activity was predominant in the seminal vesicles, In allthe ganital tissues the Na+. K+ dependent ATP-ase ,;xhiblted low activity compared to other ATP·ase systems. On TP treatment at 1 mg/kg body wt. dose for 30 consecutive days to the 5E'c()nd group of animals. all classE.s of ATP-ases drastically decreased in the testes. cCluda epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate. While in caput epididymis the Mg2+ -dependent ATP-ase was stimUlated. the Na+. K+ -dependent ATP-ase was decreased both in the caput and corpus epididymis by the hormone treatment. The present study reveals the general inhibitory Influence on the ATP·ase systems and thereby ionic transport after long term TP administration.


We report the size effect on the magnetic properties in Fe7S8 nanowire arrays. Samples with diameters in the range of 50–200 nm have been prepared by electrodeposition with AAO films. The Mössbauer measurement results show that four parameters (hyperfine fields, isomer shift, quadrupole splitting, full width at half-maximum) increased with decreasing the diameter of the nanowires. The magnetic properties were investigated. The hysteresis loop shape and the magnetization are dependent on the diameter of the nanowires. The thermomagnetic measurements on the as-synthesized nanowire samples and the corresponding bulk display a mixed-type curve and a Weiss-type curve, respectively.


The reaction of parents to the birth of a visibly handicapped child such as one born with cleft palate includes shock doubt sorrow shame guilt feelings preoccupation of exploring the origins of the misfortune in family history and often leads to estrangement in the relationship of partners. The reaction to a birth when the handicap is not yet manifest such as later brain function disorders also elicits similar responses. The effect of the birth of a handicapped child on the desire to have another child depends on whether it was the 1st born child when another one is often wanted or the 2nd born when the desire is lessened although in a survey of 38 families with handicapped children from 1970 to 1980 a 2nd birth followed in 50% of families after the birth of a handicapped child. Irrational reactions to the birth of a handicapped child center around the intervention of providence whether it was Gods punishment. The processing of guilt feelings and anxiety and aggression means the solution of conflicts that arise between parents. Some fathers conceal their disenchantment by hardness and high demands which goes against the coddling solicitude of mothers. Some parents control these tensions and they make the main theme of their lives the care for their handicapped child which can act in a stabilizing factor in the relationship of partners but this applies solely in the case of the only child. The problems of solving the unalterable condition mean turning to psychologists pedagogues healers and spiritual healers. The possibilities of psychotherapeutic intervention deal with the various defense mechanisms suppression and denial of parents.


It is commonly agreed that the teaching and learning of a mother tongue or foreign language must be based on the use of all kinds of oral or written texts, for it is these texts that clearly evince the vitality and complexities of a language. The undoubted quality and topicality of El heroe discreto are reasons enough to make a linguistic analysis of this novel since it will yield interesting lexical and morphological materials for the teaching and learning of one of the most extended varieties of the Spanish language. The aim of this article therefore is to present the results of such an analysis with the hope that they can help readers of the novel to fully understand its content as well as to increase their vocabulary and grammatical competence.


This paper addresses the distributed rendezvous problem and consensus problem of multiple unicycle-type vehicles under directed graphs. A new distributed control structure, which can solve the rendezvous problem and consensus problem under directed graph, is proposed. Using the relative positions and constructed intermediate attitude, the rendezvous controller of multiple unicycle-type vehicles is proposed under directed graph. Thereafter, based on the structure of rendezvous controller, the consensus problem of multiple unicycle-type vehicles with the given desired heading and linear speed is solved. The stable analyses of rendezvous controller and consensus controller are also provided. Finally, the numerical simulations are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.


This study develops a model to diagnose and examine current organizational status in preparation for the introduction of a pay-for-performance system that can be applied to reality. The findings are as follows. First, employee participation, rewards, measurability, and performance appraisal are core factors. Second, employee participation and measurability are prerequisites or fundamental factors. Third, performance appraisal and rewards are dependent on these prerequisites or fundamental factors. Fourth, and more specifically, the degree of employee participation and measurability directly influence the effectiveness of rewards and performance appraisal. From a comprehensive perspective, it is necessary for agencies in Korea to make more effort and preparation to achieve successful pay-for-performance systems.


I should like to make it clear from the outset of this discussion that I am not an advocate of compulsory notification and treatment, because I do not believe that such a system could do more than touch the fringe of these problems. It would bring under treatment those persons who submitted themselves for examination and those who were " found out ", leaving untouched the bulk of those who feared to seek treatment or who sought it in undesirable quarters. So far as the second problem is concerned, not even its advocates go further than proposing enforced treatment for persons in an infectious condition. This leaves untouched that vast amount of latent disease to manifest itself in the birth of diseased children and in many other forms in our hospitals and mental homes. As to the third of the problems, I do not think it would be of the slightest help, since fear of consequences is not a constructive deterrent. Viewing the problems as a whole, I submit with all deference that a large part of their solution lies in good social work such as the " following up " of contacts, constructive social work within the clinics and after-care. The first of these three aspects will be dealt with by Miss Wailes and Miss Johns, so, beyond expressing my full support of the work which they and their colleagues are carrying out, I will leave it untouched and pass to the next two points. I know that I am on controversial ground and that among my listeners I have some opponents and-I hopesome supporters. I feel sure, however, that you will give mee a fair hearing. I should like to direct my comments towards two main points: the work that can be accomplished and the status of the worker.


Abstract Background: Preoperative anxiety has significant effect on anesthesia in both physiological and psychological outcome. There is no specific tools to evaluate in preoperative anxiety in Thai, recently. Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale (APAIS) is an effective worldwidely used tool which is interested to be study in evaluating pre operative anxiety in Thai patients. Objective: To translate APAIS into Thai and validate the reliability of questionnaires in Thai patients. Material and Method: APAIS comprised of 6 questions, two in anesthesia related anxiety, two in surgical related anxiety and two in information desire component. The translation validation was done in forward and backward translation. The sample size was calculated and 34 patients who were scheduled for surgery answered the Thai APAIS on the day before operation. The validity was determined by correlation between the Spielbergerus State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI form Y-1) and APAIS (r > 0.6, P 0.70. Results: Thirty four patients (15 male and 19 female) enrolled in the study. The moderate correlation between STAI-state score and APAIS was shown, anesthesia-related anxiety (sum A),r= 0.57; surgery-related anxiety (sum S), r= 0.48; total anxiety score (sum C), r= 0.57; and information desire component (IDC), r= 0.42. High reliability with Cronbachus alpha of 0.88 was found in overall component, 0.87 in the anxiety component and in the information requirement component. The information desire component showed well correlation with APAIS (SUM A) but less in STAI-state (IDC vs. STAI-state, SUM C= 0.42, 0.62, relatively). Conclusion: APAIS Thai version, has consistently reliable correlation with the gold standard STAI-state. The application of APAIS can be use for screening and further studies.


The structural evolution in the center of a droplet of a dialyzed styrene–n-butyl acrylate copolymer latex dispersion on a solid surface during drying was studied by means of an in situ synchrotron ultra small-angle X-ray scattering technique. During water evaporation, as the droplet shrinks the shell yields and thickens, as evidenced by the appearance of diffraction peaks at the early stage combined with TGA measurement. As the droplet dried further, colloidal crystalline structure transformation is identified. The transition is attributed to the collapse of the thin shell made of densely packed particles at the surface of the droplet caused by capillary forces that drive the deformation of the shell. As there is a small amount of water remaining beneath the surface layer, charged particles are able to explore new configurations to reestablish a stable structure after leaving the initially formed face-centered cubic structure. Finally, a torus-shaped solid film with a central flat thin film is produced.


Light steel framed (LSF) construction is becoming widespread as a quick, clean and flexible construction system. However, these LSF elements need to be well designed and protected against undesired thermal bridges caused by the steel high thermal conductivity. To reduce energy consumption in buildings it is necessary to understand how heat transfer happens in all kinds of walls and their configurations, and to adequately reduce the heat loss through them by decreasing its thermal transmittance (U-value). In this work, numerical simulations are performed to assess different setups for two kinds of LSF walls: an interior partition wall and an exterior facade wall. Several parameters were evaluated separately to measure their influence on the wall U-value, and the addition of other elements was tested (e.g., thermal break strips) with the aim of achieving better thermal performances. The simulation modeling of a LSF interior partition with thermal break strips indicated a 24% U-value reduction in comparison with the reference case of using the LSF alone (U = 0.449 W/(m2.K)). However, when the clearance between the steel studs was simulated with only 300 mm there was a 29% increase, due to the increase of steel material within the wall structure. For exterior facade walls (U = 0.276 W/(m2.K)), the model with 80 mm of expanded polystyrene (EPS) in the exterior thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) reduced the thermal transmittance by 19%. Moreover, when the EPS was removed the U-value increased by 79%.


Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ESTM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of hydrogen-terminated Si(111) in several solutions have been studied to evaluate the performance of the AFM method. In dilute H2SO4 solution, the overall features of AFM images were similar to those of ESTM images, suggesting that both images reflect the topography of the bare H-Si(111) surface. However, AFM images in ultrapure water and in dilute NaOH solution were successfully obtained, while ESTM images were not. These results indicate that AFM is a powerful method for studying topographic change of Si in solutions during the wet cleaning process.


The control of constitutionality has an extremely important role in the functioning of the state of law. The premise for the birth of the control of constitutionality and the outlining of a control of constitutionality system is the necessity to guarantee 'the supremacy of the law', or 'the supremacy of the Constitution'. In the constitutional systems in which the judge's role of 'constitutional judge' was not recognized or assumed, the control of constitutionality was entrusted to a specialized body, deliberately created for this purpose (usually named constitutional court, tribunal or council). Austria and the Czech Republic were the first states to adopt a control of constitutionality system in the center of which lies this kind of a specialized body, initiative followed by an increased proliferation of these jurisdictional constitutional authorities, including in Romania. This paper represents a review of the Romanian Constitutional Court's creation, considering both the procedural aspects and the reasons for which the Constituent Assembly has opted for a brand new institution in the Romanian constitutional system.


This paper presents novel quadrotor structures composed of only clockwise rotors. A multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) generally has both clockwise and counterclockwise rotors to counteract the torques from the rotors. While the proposed structures have only clockwise rotors, those rotors are tilted to cancel the torques around the yaw angle of the body. This paper investigates the conditions for the proposed structures to achieve static hovering. More specifically, we provide a guideline to design the rotor tilt angles of the proposed structure. Then, this paper presents the design example of the rotor tilt angles and develops a prototype of the proposed quadrotor. The cascaded controller is also developed for the proposed structure. Finally, experimental validation is conducted with a developed prototype and controller.


In the context of Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR), hand-based interaction with virtual environments is still an open challenge. Virtual objects projected on the smartphone screen are on a different layer than the camera-captured images, hence the user's hand cannot get in contact with virtual entities. In this work, we present an improvement to a previously published proof-of-concept that aims at overcoming current MAR limitations by mapping the hand in the virtual reference. To this end, we developed an ad hoc ring interface for finger tracking and haptic feedback, designed with wearability in mind. A wrist-worn display compacts the hardware on a single-arm, leaving the other completely free. The overall system is affordable thanks to the use of the smart-phone as core technology and provides "on-demand" augmented reality, tailored for daily activities scenarios. Eighteen users were enrolled to compare the wristband based system and the standard hand-held smartphone montage. Quantitative and qualitative results show that our system was positively received by the subjects, that completed the experimental task achieving similar performance in the two conditions but expressed their preference for the wrist-worn display.


In 2004, Dr. Thomas Lynch[1] and others[2] first reported the presence of somatic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in patients who exhibited great sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).


In the drilling process, the power spectrum of a drilling force is closely related to the drill wear. This relationship is widely applied in the monitoring of drill wear. But the problem of how to extract and identify the features of power spectrum have not been completely sloved. This paper achieves this through the multilayer decomposition of the power spectrum by using the wavelet transform and the extract of the low frequency decomposition coefficient as the envelope information of the power spectrum. Intelligent identification of the state of drill wear is achieved in the drilling process through fusing the wavelet decomposition coefficients of the power spectrum by using BP neural network. The experimental results show that the features of power spectrum can be extracted efficiently through this method, and the trained neural networks have high identification precision and the ability of extension.


This paper reviews the general situation of the fining technology of loading materials for initiating explosive device. In view of the particularity of the sensitive primary explosives and the preparation methods of ultrafine materials in other fields, the microemulsion synthetic method for the preparation of the sensitive primary explosives were put forword.


Abstract Objectives Few studies have detected qualitative and quantitative aspects of patients who underwent HSCT during childhood. The aims of this study are to explore the most recurrent narrative themes of HSCT experience in families five years after the procedure, and to observe statistical correlations between meaning attributed to the experience and defined variables. Methods Thirty-five families of pediatric HSCT survivors participated in the research. Both survivors and their families were asked to write a brief composition about their disease experiences. Qualitative analysis of the texts was performed using the T-LAB software. Information about medical aspects and psychological problems in HSCT survivors were collected with interviews and administering the Child Behavior Checklist 6–18. Results HSCT survivor families that reported the presence of externalizing and internalizing symptoms focused on thematic areas concerning broken families with separation between parents and the affected child versus healthy children. Conclusions Long term psychological problems seem to be connected to the perception of family disruption. Specifically, family relationships seem to be the factor that protects from or enhances the risk of psychopathology in HSCT survivors. Moreover, the use of metaphoric terms to refer to HSCT presents higher associations with psychopathology. On the contrary, the possibility of referring directly to the transplantation is associated with psychological well-being. It is important to consider the family as a group in order to improve care.


This summary of events and impressions from the case study of the Lincoln (Nebraska) Public Schools site examines the major elements present in the community and the educational context prior to and during implementation of the Library Power initiative. A description is provided of the key team members who secured the grant, the educational framework in place to support the initiative, and the new teams and strategies developed to ensure effective implementation of the project. The impact of Library Power not only led to accomplishing the basic objectives, but also resulted in new areas of collaboration among educators and the community beyond pre-award expectations. The Lincoln site possesses a history of educators committed to excellence in the district through longevity of service, caution in adoption of innovation, and systematic planning and evaluation for professional development intended to engage all who might participate.


Aguilar Gudiel, Julio, 2009. NBPT inhibitory effect on the volatilization of ammonia from urea hydrolysis in a semi-static system on pasture. Special Project Agronomist Engineer, Zamorano, Honduras. 15p. The objective was to quantify the effect of the urease inhibitor NBPT on the urease enzyme NBPT and reduce N losses by volatilization. Two experiments were conducted: 1) Overall nitrogen losses comparing urea and urea + NBPT for a period of 15 days, was used a completely randomized design with three treatments and four replications. We compared a dose of urea (1,300 kg / ha), with two doses of the inhibitor (3.78 and 2.75 L / tone of urea). The volatilized NH3 was captured in polyurethane sponges impregnated with H3PO4 0.73 M with 33% glycerin in a PVC pipe. The use of the inhibitor reduced losses of NH4 + by 10.4% compared to 19.3% when using urea. 2) Determination of the effect of urea + NBPT in the dry matter production of gras. We compared a dose of urea (300 kg / ha) and three inhibitor 3.78 L/t, 2.75 L/t 0 L/t, using a square randomized block with four treatments and four repetitions with a lot of Estrella pasture of 12 m × 12 m, divided into 16 plots of 3 × 5 m. Two cuts were made in an area of 5.25 m 2 /plot 20 and 40 days after fertilizer application. Pasture production was 18.5, 17.5 t DM / ha / year for the different doses of the inhibitor and 15.3 y 9.4 using urea and without application.


My practice-based research draws upon psychogeography and the relationship between walking, ideation and creative writing. How can an embodied experience of place inform the writer? How can an imaginative approach to walking and revisiting place enhance our experience as readers, and our relationship with texts?

Using psychogeographical approaches to revisit the urban readily lends itself to dystopian readings of place, as seen in Iain Sinclair's exploration of the Gothic in London Orbital (2003), and Phil Smith's observations on the zombie mythos in The Footbook of Zombie Walking (2015). In this paper I will discuss how the notion of walking 'in' character found in these works - most explicitly in Smith's provocations - can be extended to walking 'as'. Through the application of a psychogeographical 'lens', walking in place can inform the creative writer and the creative reader.

To demonstrate the affect of this creative walking method on both reader-walker and writer-walker, I will briefly share examples of my own practice. This will include an extract of creative writing and a case study based on my public walking projects, designed to engage with text through the re-imagining of place.


This article focused on the 'Sino-North Korean Border Treaty'. Both China and North Korea had signed on the "Sino-North Korean Border Treaty" and it was a confidential treaty in 1962. Notwithstanding its great significance to North Korea, studies of it have not been performed. This paper e...


Abstract Reaction of (+)-catechin at pH 12 and 40 °c results in the stereoselective (if not stereospecific) formation of an enolic form of 1-[6-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxybicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione-3-yl] -1-(3,4-dihyroxyphenyl)-3-(2,-4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-propan-2-ol. The n.m.r. chemical shift assignments determined by a variety of two-dimensional experiments permit a conclusion that the compound is one of four diastereoisomers possible from reaction of the two quinone methide intermediates. Stereoselectivity in the formation of this compound can be accounted for by preference for Re-face attack on both 2-C's of the quinone methides involved in the formation of the molecule.


An expandable injection bolt (1A) comprising an expandable section (3), which has a tubular shape capable of applying an internal pressure form a rear end portion and expands in a radial direction when the internal pressure is applied, and an injection port forming section (9A) which opens an injection port (7) when the internal pressure is applied, wherein the expandable section (3) is expanded by the internal pressure so as to tightly adhere to ground, then the injection port forming section (9A) is caused to open the injection port (7), and a grout can be injected into the ground through the injection port (7) to reinforce the ground.


An antenna selection(AS) algorithm with variable antenna number based on eigenvalue criterion for correlated multi-input multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed to satisfy the requirements of wireless communication under different space correlation environments.Using eigenvalue criterion,the numbers of the transmitting antennas or receiving antennas are determined by the ratio of the minimum eigenvalue and the sum of eigenvalues,and the antennas corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue are selected.To reduce the complexity,eigenvalue decomposition is replaced by eigenvalue estimation.Moreover,the link adaptive techniques,such as adaptive modulation and dynamic detect algorithm selection,are combined with the AS algorithm to increase the data rate or improve the bit error rate(BER) performance.Simulation results demonstrate that higher data rate and better BER characteristic can be obtained,even at high correlated MIMO channels.


Objective:To explore the new methods of diagnosis and treatment for malignant peritoneum mesothlioma(MPM). Methods:8 cases about the clinical feature,lab checking special checking and other diagnosis procedures and the methods for treatment were retrospectedand analyzed. Results: B-ul trasonic, CT, the ascites were founded to be positive with quite a few cases. Several cases were earned to last diagnosis by abdominal incision and probing. For the 8 cases, Only one survived two years, the others were all dead in one year.Conclusion:There are no special diagnosis measures for MPM up to now.The ascites,laparoscope are valuable.The effect for remedy and prognosis has something to do with its biological character, the prognosis is a little better if the histopathology is localized, Yet the diffusion is dreadful.


The Canadian Arctic represents an emerging market in the rapidly evolving polar cruise sector. Since 1984 when cruises began in this region, cruise ship activity has been sporadic, but in 2006 the number of cruises to Nunavut doubled from 11 to 22. This elevated level of growth has persisted with ice strengthened cruise vessels conducting between 23 and 26 separate cruises through Arctic Canada each year from 2007 to 2010. With a warming climate some suggest this trajectory of growth will continue as sea ice diminishes and passages open up. Despite this growth little is known about this burgeoning sector from the perspectives of local residents. Through two community case studies local attitudes toward cruise tourism are positioned in a resident attitude typology. In Cambridge Bay, where cruise tourism is just emerging, resident attitudes were found to gravitate toward the passive-favourable areas of the typology. By contrast, in Pond Inlet, which is one of the most visited cruise destinations in Nunavut, attitudes were more varied with some individuals expressing degrees of resistance. The article suggests that if local people are to become engaged participants in the development of cruise tourism in Nunavut, then it is critical that resident attitudes and aspirations are articulated, respected and acted upon.


The 2012 version of the Asian-Pacific Consensus Statement on the Management of Chronic Hepatitis B is briefly introduced.The updated version described the new background information,17 recommendations for the management of chronic hepatitis B,and unresolved issues and areas for further study.The recommendations were based on evidence graded as I(at least 1 well-designed,randomized,control trial),II(well-designed cohort or case-controlled studies),III(case series,case reports,or flawed clinical trials) and IV(opinions of respected authorities based on clinical experience,descriptive studies or reports of expert committees).The recommendations were graded into A: strong recommendation and B:weak recommendation.The revised version indicated the development of new drugs and new strategies,especially combination or sequential antiviral therapy,is the highest priority in further improving the outcomes of treatment.


The invention relates to a fisheye infrared lens which is composed of four germanium lenses. Focal power is distributed according to a sequence of negative, negative, positive and positive. A lens 1 and a lens 2 are both meniscus concave lenses. The lens 1, the lens 2, a lens 3 and a lens 4 form a positive focal power rear group of inverted telephoto lenses, back focal length is controlled to be two to three times of lens effective focal length. The meniscus concave lenses 1 and 2 are used for balancing aberrations of the other two lenses and have prism deviation effects, an incident angle of edge field light on a follow-up optical component is small, deviation angles shared by all lenses are balanced, correction of aberrations is facilitated, aperture stop is arranged on the front surface of the lens 3, a square-similar telecentric beam path is formed, irradiance nonuniformity caused by equal incidence angles of an off-axis image point principal ray at an image surface position is avoided. The front surfaces of the lens 2 and the lens 4 are both aspheric surfaces and used for removing off-axis aberrations such as coma abberation and astigmatism.


Multiple direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) regimens are available to treat HCV genotype 1 infection. However, comparative effectiveness from randomized controlled trials of DAA regimens is unavailable.


The consequences for foreign policy of a weakened British economy have long been apparent. 3 Disentanglement from Asian defence roles in the late i96os was prompted by budgetary constraints. It was during that decade that appreciation of the economic problems of the United Kingdom began to eat deeply into the thinking of the Foreign Office. Diplomacy came to be one instrument in the pursuit of what the Foreign Secretary in September 1976 called the 'Holy Grail of export-led growth.' The government has seemed universally cast in the role of demandeur, a seeker of special privileges and exemptions and a citer of excusing infirmities. Greater concern over the country's dependence on for-


The phenomenon of adopting other clan men to continue his clan was prohibited by laws and rites in Jin and eastern Jin dynasty.This phenomenon rarely occurred in the upper gentry,but actually often occurs in lower level.People compliance with or violation of laws were closely related to the economic strength of the different clans.While it also affected by the system of selected-officials.The phenomenon was frequent occurrence in society lower level because of the sharp wakening in patriarchal ethics.When the families who had non-male offspring can not get any relief from them clans,they had nothing to do but adopt a son as a self-protection outside the system.


Foot-mounted inertial navigation system (INS) composed of MEMS-based inertial sensors is widely used in pedestrian navigation. The bias of gyro and accelerometer are the most important parameter which mainly determines the performance and the price of the device. How does the bias impact the performance of foot-mounted INS? How do we choose the suitable inertial sensors in the design of foot-mounted INS? This paper established the error state model and error observation model for foot-mounted INS and several typical constrains. Through the observability analysis of the error state variables, we deduced the conclusion that the east bias and north bias of accelerometer is the most important factor which impact navigation performance. An experiment designed specially verifies the correctness of the conclusion. The evaluation conclusion is very significant and helpful for the design of foot-mounted INS in pedestrian navigation.


Golf putting requires accuracy and precision. However, environmental factors can influence the accuracy and stability of the putt. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the adjustment and stabilization strategies of elite college golfers putting under different wind conditions. A 3 D motion analysis system and two force plates were used to record the kinematic and ground reaction force data of the putting stroke in different conditions of wind and putting stance. The artificial wind was produced from an industrial negative pressure fan to create different wind speeds. Participants were asked to perform three putts to the 'virtual' hole with a distance of 15 feet under three wind speeds (none, mid, strong) and three stance width conditions. The results revealed that distance control in strong wind conditions was significantly worse. No significant improvement was found in either distance or direction control when using different stance widths for putting under varying wind speeds. While putting under minor or moderate wind conditions, the player can adjust through self-adjustment on movement control to reduce the impact of external wind on putting performance. However, if the wind speed exceeds to certain threshold value (5.5 m/s), the challenges for golfers to maintain postural stability along the antero-posterior axis increased and led to poor putting distance control. Our results suggest that when putting under windy conditions, elite low-handicap college golfers are able adopt a normal stance in order to minimize a change in their putting protocol.


We present a catalogue of 112 white dwarf-main sequence binary candidates within the SDSS footprint, including ≈65 binary candidates containing cool white dwarfs. Our catalogue includes 8 previously found systems from Tremblay et al. (2017) with 1 previously found system from Farihi et al. (2005a). White dwarfs themselves can be used as cosmic laboratories with extreme conditions and for various tests of stellar evolution theories. White dwarf-MS binaries can be used to help refine the white dwarf mass-radius relation, white dwarf initial-to-final mass relation, luminosity function, to test for dark matter, and the history of star formation in the Galaxy. The TGAS catalogue from the recent Gaia data release 1 provides parallaxes to the 2 million brightest stars. Using the TGAS catalogue and crossmatching it by coordinates, proper-motions and magnitudes with the PPMXL catalogue creates a clean TGAS subset. Taking the clean TGAS subset and identifying common proper-motion pairs, we search for candidate wide white dwarf-MS binaries. Using primarily photometry for the candidate binaries to determine their basic properties, the binaries that most likely contain white dwarfs are selected, including confirmed white dwarfs with available spectra. These systems should be confirmed by others and used for future follow-up studies.


We have carried out a simulation of QCD using the hybrid-molecular-dynamics algorithm with two flavors of staggered quarks. The spectrum was calculated for 6/{ital g}{sup 2}=5.6 and dynamical quark masses {ital am}{sub {ital q}}=0.025 and 0.01. Lattice sizes of 12{sup 4}, 12{sup 3}{times}24, and 16{sup 4} were used to generate the gauge configurations. Hadron propagators were calculated with both staggered and Wilson quarks on doubled or quadrupled lattices. Finite-size effects are visible on the smaller lattices. Some improvement in the {rho}-to-nucleon mass ratio and chiral symmetry is seen as compared to previous calculations, but, as in most lattice calculations, the proton-to-{rho} mass ratio remains larger than in the real world and the proton-{Delta} splitting is too small.


The author begins by sketching the growth of large conurbations in West Germany and links this to the development of the transport infrastucture. Future increases in car ownership and trip-making will, it is postulated, lead to considerable increases in congestion which can only be avoided by greater usage of public transport. This requires improvements in comfort, speed, convenience and cost, if people are to be attracted. The desirable qualities of such a system must include low headway involving few interchanges, with high capacity, flexibility for fluctuating demand, low environmental impact and high degrees of automation and safety. Different modes are compared for their capacity and roles in urban travel, particular attention being paid to the S-Bahn, which is for short distance rail travel. Transport communities have been established in Munich and Hamburg to provide comprehensive planning and co-ordinated routes and decide on fares policy and revenue distribution. Revenue from the joint tariff is distributed to the different operating companies according to operating cost, but with an allowance for performance. deficits are covered at the Federal, regional and local level. /TRRL/


Method of characteristics is used widely to solve classical hydraulic transient problems. However, when it is applied to solve coupling hydraulic transient problems, excessive interpolation errors may be introduced into results because of unavoidable multi–wave interpolated calculations. To overcome the disadvantage, a novel finite difference scheme based on Steger–Warming flux vector splitting is proposed. Firstly, flux vector splitting scheme for coupling hydraulic transient model of liquid–filled pipelines is established. Then flux subvectors are discretised by Lax–Wendroff central difference scheme and Warming–Beam upwind difference scheme possessing second order precision in time and space. Finally, according to Rankine–Hugoniot conditions and corresponding boundary conditions, an effective method is developed to solve those points located at the boundaries, which can avoid the problem beyond calculation region induced by using second order discrete technology directly. The numerical simulation shows that the proposed computation scheme has several desirable advantages, such as high precision, excellent capability of capturing the shock waves, without false numerical oscillation, low sensitivity to Courant number and good stability.


A detailed study of lock-in transition of the incommensurate phase of quartz has been made by two complementary techniques: elastic neutron diffraction and electron microscopy. The neutron experiment was made on bulk samples (a few cm 3 ) with a simultaneous thermal expansion measurement. The transition from the incommensurate phase to the α-phase is 1st order and in general a single interface sweeps the sample. The modulation wavevector was observed to decrease continuously in the vicinity of this interface. Electron microscopy allows to obtain a direct space picture of this coexistence state on very thin samples (a few 100 nm) and to observe how the incommensurate modulation period increases from 10 nm to macroscopic size with the help of «dislocations» in the incommensurate networks of columnar Dauphine twin domains. (Analogous results obtained on AlPO 4 are also presented). The results of these two experimental techniques are well correlated and are discussed in relation to previous results on the quartz transition mainly from light scattering studies Etude detaillee de la transition d'accrochage de la phase incommensurable du quartz. Experiences de diffusion de neutrons sur des echantillons massifs (quelques cm 3 ) avec mesure simultanee de dilatation thermique. Transition phase incommensurable-phase α d'ordre 1 avec la traversee de l'echantillon par une interface unique, en general observation d'une decroissance continue du vecteur d'onde de la modulation au voisinage de cette interface. Image directe de cette coexistence par microscopie electronique sur les echantillons tres minces. Resultats analogues presentes pour AlPO 4


Anonymous Referee #2 Received and published: 21 December 2012 This paper reports results from a study of radiative-convective equilibria with varying aerosol burden. The study is novel in that it considers aerosol indirect effects in 3D simulations of resolved deep convection with both fixed and interactive SST. The interactive SST case is relevant to the climate problem, and the paper shows that changes in SST can strongly affect the precipitation response (as might be expected). Although the setup is very idealized and the paper is mostly descriptive, the results are interesting because they address the important question of how microphysical effects may be countered by adjustments in the atmosphere or in both the atmosphere and SST. The paper is also useful for its descriptions of how cloud water/ice and various hydrometeors change in response to the combined aerosol and SST changes. I recommend that the paper be published after some (mostly minor) revisions. —————— Specific comments:


Testing modeled faults multiple times has been shown to increase the likelihood of a test set to detect non-modeled faults, either static or dynamic, when compared to a single detect test set. Test sets that guarantee detecting every modeled fault with at least n different tests are known as n-detect test sets. Moreover, recent investigations examine how different the various tests for a fault should be, in order to further increase their ability in detecting defects. This work proposes a new test generation methodology for multiple-detect (including n-detect) test sets that increases their diversity in terms of the various fault propagation paths excited by the different tests. Specifically, the various tests per modeled fault are guaranteed to propagate the fault effect via different propagation paths. The proposed method can be applied to any linear, to the circuit size, static or dynamic fault model for multiple fault detections, such as the stuck-at or transition delay fault models, and avoids any path or path segment enumeration. Experimental results show increased numbers of propagation paths and non-modeled fault coverages when compared to traditional n-detect test sets.


Many technologies for the next DVD generation using a blue-violet laser have been developed. This disk system will be applied for audio-visual application and computer peripheral application, like DVD-RAM. In this system three items, large capacity, high data-transfer-rate and reliability, are equally important and their targets have been set. To go toward these targets, the following technologies corresponding to technical fields such as media, optical head, servo-mechanism, read/write channel, signal processing and so on have been developed. Additionally, the basic subjects crossing over these technical fields to solve new problems that have arisen from this generation and have been neglected before were studied.


The author in his chapter refers us back to a previous ARIST chapter by Brenda Dervin and Michael Nilan, in which the dichotomy between the system perspective and the user perspective is shown. He points out that the user perspective shows up in retrieval studies and questions how these studies have affected information retrieval research methods.There has been a paradigm shift from the system perspective to the user perspective, with a resulting need to design and redesign systems that focus on user needs and that requires analyses of users, their needs, and their habits. Two approaches that advocate the user-centered perspective are : (1) the cognitive approach, and (2° the holistic approach. Systems designed from the user-centered perspective would not only serve the intended audience but would further the user-centerd perspective of the entire information retrieival discipline


We study excitation transfer dynamics in a lattice of two level systems characterized by dynamic disorder. The diagonal and off-diagonal energy disorders arise from the coupling of system and bath. We consider both the same and the independent bath limits. In case of independent bath all diagonal and off-diagonal bath coupling elements fluctuate independently of each other and the dynamics is complicated. We obtain the time dependent population distribution by solving quantum stochastic Liouville equation (QSLE) derived by Kubo. The main result of our study is both the population transfer dynamics and the mean square displacement of the exciton behave the similar way in the same and independent bath cases in the Markovian limit. However, these two baths can give rise to markedly different behavior in the non-Markovian limit where coherent transport becomes important. There are also several additional new results as follows. (i) Exciton migration remains coherent all the time for an average, non-zero off-diagonal coupling value J for the same bath case while it becomes incoherent for independent bath case in the Markovian limit. (ii) An oscillatory behavior of the population transfer dynamics supports the coherent mode of transfer of exciton. (iii) Agreement with available analytical expression of mean squared displacement is good in the Markovian limit for independent bath case with off-diagonal fluctuation but only qualitative in the non-Markovian limit for which no complete analytical solution is available. (iv) Transition from coherent to incoherent transport is observed in the independent bath case with diagonal fluctuation when the bath is made progressively more Markovian. (v) The correlation time of the bath plays a unique role in dictating the diffusive spread that is not anticipated in a Markovian treatment.


This article attempts to grapple with the privacy debate, taking account of both the philosophical and economic arguments for and against a property right in privacy, as well as recent court cases such as the famous Douglas v Hello which arguably veer towards granting such property rights, albeit paradoxically only in the privacy of those whose living it is to be public property: namely, celebrities. The article concludes towards the idea that it is not enough to simply decide that privacy can or cannot, or should or should not, be propertised: what is truly important is to analyse the effect such would have on, for example, limitation of misuse of personal data, and efficiency of re-use of data, especially compared to conventional human rights systems of protection of privacy such as data protection law, which although good on paper, may in reality in the digitised trans-national world of the Internet offer less protection than some property rights systems. DOI: 10.2966/scrip.030406.270 © 2006. This work is licensed through SCRIPT-ed Open Licence (SOL). + This article is a revised version of a chapter to appear in: The future of the public domain (Guibault, Hugenholtz, (eds.), The Hague: Kluwer Law International (forthcoming 2006). * Professor of Law and Informatization and Director of the Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT)  Tilburg University, The Netherlands. (2006) 3:4 SCRIPT-ed 271


Critics will say ASEAN has been measured and found wanting. There are too many conflicts within and amongst its members that remain unresolved. There is too much privileging of the principles of sovereignty and non-interference in internal affairs, at the expense of effective cooperation. Organisationally, ASEAN is too process-oriented while inadequate in achieving timely results and impact; and consensus remains shallow even on certain critical issues that require solid agreement. The absence of a common foreign policy and differences in security priorities and threat perceptions continue to stand in the way of true integration, it might be said.


In order to cultivate talents more effectively in construction engineering and cultivate students' critical thinking, creative thinking, high-level thinking, as well as students' perseverance, learning ability, global competence, and responsibility, combined with the integrated stem education concept, this paper makes an in-depth study on the online teaching model of construction engineering course in PLS-SEM mode. This paper mainly discusses how to apply stem education concept in architectural engineering teaching through literature analysis and the design of architectural engineering teaching cases. Take the integrated stem education concept as the guiding ideology, design research as the methodological guidance, and learn from the research model of design research in the field of curriculum and teaching "formative research." After the prototype of the teaching mode is put forward, with three rounds of iterative implementation and revision, a feasible and effective mathematics teaching mode in Engineering Higher Vocational Colleges under the concept of stem education (hereinafter referred to as "stem-HVE teaching mode") is finally obtained. It provides a new way for engineering teaching and opens a new chapter of integrated stem education in the field of engineering teaching.


Deposits of high grade iron ores are more or less well dispersed in India. The reserves of coking coal are limited and occur over a narrow geographic region. In order to find out the possibilities of production of foundry grade iron, extensive investigations were conducted in the Low-shaft Furnace of National Metallurgical Laboratory with raw materials sent by the State Governments of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Maharashtra (with non-coking coals), Rajasthan, Maharashtra (with titaniferous ore and low-temperature carbonized coke); and Government of Nepal, apart from the raw materials collected by the laboratory, Trials were conducted with Assam high sulphur coal in blended coke, low-temperature carbonized coke made from Talcher coals; and limestones from Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan. For these trials, iron ore fines were smelted employing non-metallurgical fuels, such as raw coal, low-temperature carbonized coke (soft coke or char) made from wholly non-coking and nut coke (-35 + 12 mm). It was found that utilization of non-coking coals as one component burden comprising ore fines-fuel and limestone briquettes-was impracticable for technological difficulties and adverse economics. The operational complexities, wide variation in the chemical composition of pig iron produced and non-recovery of potential by-products prevented the direct utilization of lumpy non-coking coals in bedded charge. The use of iron ore fines and low-temperature carbonized coke made from wholly non-coking coals (with utilization of by-product during carbonization) enabled production of pig iron of desired analysis. Based on economic viability, it was considered that the technique was suitable for commercial adaptation in 100-150 tonnes/day furnaces of medium shaft height. (Dr. A.B. Chatterjea is Deputy Director, Ferrous Production Technology Division (low-shaft furnace Project, National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur); Dr. B.R. Nijhawan, Ph.D. (Sheff.) FNI, FIM, Ex-Director, NML)


The best practice to prevent Cross Site Scripting (XSS) attacks is to apply encoders to sanitize untrusted data. To balance security and functionality, encoders should be applied to match the web page context, such as HTML body, JavaScript, and style sheets. A common programming error is the use of a wrong type of encoder to sanitize untrusted data, leaving the application vulnerable. We present a security unit testing approach to detect XSS vulnerabilities caused by improper encoding of untrusted data. Unit tests for the XSS vulnerability are constructed out of each web page and then evaluated by a unit test execution framework. A grammar-based attack generator is devised to automatically generate test inputs. We also propose a vulnerability repair technique that can automatically fix detected vulnerabilities in many situations. Evaluation of this approach has been conducted on an open source medical record application with over 200 web pages written in JSP.


The total cost of control and the time (bait plus manhours) required to hand bait large acreages infested with Richardson ground squirrels in central Montana prompted this evaluation of the cyclone seeder as an alternative baiting method. Strychnine grain bait applied in 20foot swaths at 2 0-foot intervals reduced ground squirrels by 97% for the 10 Ib/swath-acre application rate and 90% for the 6 lb/ swath-acre application rate. On all of the strip applications, the total cost of control and the time required per acre treated was less than by the hand baiting method. Using the 6 Ib/swath-acre rate at 20-foot intervals, the total cost per acre was 57% of what was required for hand baiting, and more than 5 times the amount of acreage could be treated in the same amount of time. MONTANA DEPARTfffiNT OF LIVESTOCK VERTEBRATE PEST CONTROL BUREAU BRANDS-ENFORCEMENT DIVISION HELENA, MONTANA 596 01 Montana State Library


Abstract 4902 Multiple myeloma is an incurable hematologic malignancy. In patients, even after several rounds of high-dose chemotherapy, myeloma tumor cells survive, proliferate aggressively and re-establish the active disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that aid myeloma cells in evading chemotherapy is therefore critical for curing this deadly disease. Studies from our lab have established heparanase, an endoglycosidase expressed highly by myeloma tumor cells, as a master regulator of aggressive myeloma disease where it drives tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and osteolysis. However, the effect of heparanase on response to chemotherapy is unknown. Addressing this question, we have made two striking discoveries: i) treatment with proteasomal inhibitors dramatically elevates heparanase expression and secretion in myeloma, and ii) high heparanase expression significantly reduces therapy-induced apoptosis and cell death in myeloma. Proteasomal inhibition by either bortezomib or MG132 dramatically elevated the expression of heparanase and its secretion into the conditioned media. When this conditioned media was added to tumor cells that had not been exposed to proteosome inhibitors, the heparanase was readily taken up by the cells. This is consistent with previous studies demonstrating that exogenous heparanase can be taken up by myeloma tumor cells resulting in activation of aggressive tumor behavior. Next, to test whether heparanase influences chemoresistance in myeloma, we evaluated the effect of bortezomib on inducing apoptosis of myeloma cells expressing either high (HPSE-high) or low (HPSE-low) levels of heparanase. Apoptotic cells were identified by staining for Annexin V and cell death was assessed by staining with propidium iodide. Results revealed that following treatment with bortezomib, HPSE-high cells had a significantly higher percentage of viable cells (Annexin V negative, PI negative) and a significantly smaller fraction of apoptotic cells (Annexin V positive) compared to HPSE-low cells. Similarly, even when myeloma cells were grown on fibronectin, cells expressing high levels of heparanase exhibited significantly decreased bortezomib-induced cell death. Consistent with the above findings, we found that several well established chemoresistant myeloma cell lines such as LR5, Dox 6 and Dox 40 all expressed high levels of heparanase. Together the above findings demonstrate that tumors respond to proteosome inhibitors by upregulating expression and secretion of heparanase and that tumor cells having high levels of heparanase resist proteosome inhibitor-induced apoptosis. These results indicate that heparanase may play an important role in chemoresistance of myeloma cells and that heparanase inhibitors used in tandem with other drugs may improve initial patient outcome and reduce incidence of relapse. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


It is well known that the faster runs a train, the more dissipates its energy. In train schedule the running time is settled in advance, so the train needs to be operated in fixed time between stations. As the train could adopt various operation patterns in the fixed schedule, the requisite energy for the train operation varies according to its patterns even in the fixed time and distance. We can, therefore, consider a train operation method which minimizes the requisite energy. Our simple model of train operation enables to show that the train running energy is minimized when it runs in constant speed as long as possible in a specific time and distance supposing that the train moving energy were collected by the regenerating process in the brake operation. While in case of no regeneration of the energy we gained another operation pattern of the minimum energy. The minimum energy has followed from the train operation that after keeping the constant train speed and coasting, the brake should be applied at the instant of a calculated speed when the train stops. But a commuters' train can not take the sufficient coasting time in it's frequently stopped and comparatively high speed operation. We have made clear the energy minimum operation of such a commuters' train as a special case of the no energy regeneration.


In this paper the concept of 'Regal Electrochemistry' is expanded towards the electrochemical sensing of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPSs) namely synthetic cathinone derivatives where British coinage is used as the electrochemical sensor. In this proof-of-concept approach, the electrochemical sensing of mephedrone (4-MMC) and 4′-methyl-N-ethylcathinone (4-MEC) is shown to be possible using a British 1 pence coin for the first time. This novel electrochemical protocol is validated towards the detection of cathinone derivatives in a seized street sample that has been independently analysed via high performance liquid chromatography demonstrating its potential use as a novel electrochemical sensor for NPSs.


In the second half of the XXth century, the identity and the collective representation that the Canadian Federation had of itself as a social and national community was completely reshaped. First the period of the French Canada had to be repudiated. Then it was the whole Eurocentric construction, grounded on the theory of the two founding people, which was dismissed. Eventually Canada asserted its collective identity in the 1980s as a multicultural American society.In this context, one may wonder what the place and influence of French speaking Canadians can be today, confronted as they are with the increasingly organised claims of Quebec and the overwhelming pressure of an American-ness modelled on the example given by the USA.We propose to confront in the following pages the various ways in which this question spells itself: Will Francophonie be displaced by the larger concept of Canadian-ness spawned by multicultural politics, or is it compatible with it? And is it possible to hold with Paul Martin that Canada is the first post-modern state in history?


Between July and December, pits (30 em deep) were excavated in sugar maple forests to determine the vertical distribution of pear thrips, Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel). In well-drained, fine sandy loam, 67.3% of the larvae occurred in the upper 10 cm and 40% of the thrips were located in t∼e upper 4 cm, whereas during dormancy, only 21% of the thrips were found that deep. In early June, when larvae reenter the soil, thrips were commonly found in the litter, but by mid-June, vertical distribution had stabilized, suggesting that downward movement of thrips into the soil had ceased.


Abstract. This work focus on su cient conditions of optimality for an optimal control problem. A refined maximum principle condition which guarantees weak local optimality of control processes for a ne control systems with a polyhedral set of controls is introduced. This refined maximum principle condition expresses that the control is uniquely defined for almost all instants of time and the behavior of adjoint variables is rather regular. Several examples are presented to illustrate such sufficient condition.


Teachers in fully online courses face the challenge of achieving students' satisfaction â€" usually measured using students' surveys â€" as it is known to affect engagement and motivation, which in turn improves learning outcomes. This challenge grows in complexity with the number of students enrolled in the course. In this paper we report an attempt to improve students' perception on their teacher in a massive online academic writing course. In the experimental group the way contents were delivered was changed, the same as the role teachers had. Content was embedded in a story and the teacher acted as the presenter of each chapter during the course. Results showed that students' perception improved significantly, particularly on how they perceived the teacher's availability.


Conclusions In summary, it has been shown that for axisymmetric radiative transfer with isotropic scattering, the eigenvalues corresponding to the coefficient matrix are all real and occur in plus and minus pairs. For the matrix, Eq. (3), of any even order p, the eigenvalues have individual bounds which reduces the work required in determining them. Also, closed form expressions for the eigenvectors have been found in terms of the eigenvalues. Thus, once the eigenvalues are obtained from Eq. (14), the solution to the homogeneous system of equations is given directly by Eq. (22) or Eq. (23) (W = 1.0) without requiring separate calculation of the eigenvectors. Hence, the task of finding the eigenvalues and a solution of Eq. (2) has been accomplished. The method presented is simple and should significantly reduce the difficulties in obtaining solutions of the homogeneous system of equations given in Eq. (2).


Fate coexists with the survival of mankind and it rules the whole human life.Analects expounds Confucius' and the Confucianists' cherishing of the individual's life,their attention attached to order and mission,and their grasp of fate and heaven's mandate.Confucius' expounding of fate reflects how Confucianists treat oneself,the relationship between oneself and society,and that between Nature and Man.In this process,Confucianism transcends itself.


For this last aspect, the personnel are key actors to guarantee safety even if the nuclear process is automated. Indeed, operators, supervisors or manage rs take part in criticality safety in their daily t ask, directly or indirectly. In addition, facing with an abnormal event or an equipment failure, these acto rs play a paramount part and their reactions will have dir ct consequences on the evolution of the situation. Consequently, the safety criticality tra ining they receive is essential.


It seems that there is in Europe a great distance between the theoretical declarations, the legal norm and the practical performances in relation to the policies applied to the mountain areas. The fi nal mission of this article is to make the contrast between and


With the continuous improvement of the current socio-economic level, people's health awareness has also been effectively improved, and more and more attention is paid to self-personal health management[1]. The application of personal health management systems can achieve ideal results in health management, and thus can Make people's health better protected. Based on big data technology, the personal health management system is analyzed and researched, so that the functions of the personal health management system can be better played, the role of personal health management can be better realized, and the system can be more ideally applied[2]. Since 2020, the epidemic situation has developed rapidly and more and more information about the epidemic situation. This project is based on big data technology to analyze and research the personal health management system, so that the functions of the personal health management system can be better played and realized. The role of personal health management promotes the ideal application of the system. The Android personal health system mainly implements the functions of the administrator and the user, and realizes the functions of querying epidemic-related information and personal health information management; the system uses database, JSP and Android research methods to design a personal health system. Mobile users can view epidemic information anytime and anywhere for personal health management, which is both practical and convenient. Experiments show that the system runs stably, with comprehensive functions, strong practicability, high security, high scalability and good maintainability.


This article continues the well-established discussion of the ethics of TESOL by adopting a praxis perspective that views TESOL as holistic, ethical and moral task, rather than a technical task of delivering learning outcomes in a new language. This article is informed by the authors' empirical research in Finnish preparatory classes, and in intensive English language schools in Australia, including interviews with teachers, students and educational leaders. Drawing on literature and this research we consider how English as an Additional Language or Dialect (EALD) and Finnish as a Second Language (F2) teaching can promote "a good life" for the individual learner and human kind.


Background: Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a clinical expression of obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava. The patterns of the Doppler flow changes of superior vena cava (SVC), especially the respiratory effects on them have not yet been fully elucidated. This study was to examine SVC Doppler flow patterns and the respiratory effects on them in healthy subjects and patients with SVCS. Methods: The SVC Doppler flow patterns of 18 normal human subjects and 22 patients with SVCS were analyzed at initial diagnosis and were followed up every 2 months for at least 11 months. Results: Among the 22 patients, 5 patients with the tumor near the right atrium oppressing the inferior segment of the SVC had clear VR‐ and AR‐waves, while in the other 17 patients the VR‐ and AR‐waves disappeared or their outlines were vague. The respiratory variations of the S‐ and D‐waves as a percentage change in inspiration compared to expiration in patient group were much lower than those in control group (S‐wave: 1.67 ± 3.32% vs. 15.65 ± 16.15%, P = 0.0003; D‐wave: 1.80 ± 1.12% vs. 23.55 ± 37%, P = 0.0087), which gradually became larger with treatment and showed no significant difference with those in control group after 7 months. Conclusions: The Doppler flows of the patients with SVCS correlate well with the images of CT scan of them. The respiratory variation of the S‐ and D‐velocities could be used to evaluate the severity of SVC obstruction and its therapeutic effect.


A management strategy to achieve financial sustainability of urban water cycle services in developing countries is presented, based on the development of the Long Term Water Supply and Sanitation Services Investment Plan for the Water and Sanitation Infrastructure Administration ( Administracao de Infra-estruturas de Agua e Saneamento (AIAS)) of Mozambique. AIAS is responsible for water supply and sanitation systems of 151 cities and towns (9.38 million inhabitants in 2015, 17.55 million expected in 2040). The needs in this sector are considerable, financial resources are scarce and, as a result, the Millennium Development Goals are still off track to be achieved. An integrated approach was applied to estimate the investments needs, considering differentiated levels of service depending on the urban area characteristics and taking into consideration the household income limitations, in order to achieve an economical sustainable increase in coverage and service level. The work developed resulted in an action plan aligned with the national strategy vision and adaptable to every city and town of Mozambique, including two decision support tools to enable stakeholders9 decision making on potential investments: the Water and Wastewater Database (Base de Informacao de Agua e Saneamento) and the Dynamic Economical Tool to support investments in water supply and sanitation services.


Fitts's law is a mathematical relationship that captures how speed and accuracy trade off in human movement. Originally formulated by Paul M. Fitts (Fitts, 1954), it predicts the time it takes to move to a target as a function of the target's size and the distance that needs to be covered to attain it. In Fitts's study, people were asked to move a hand-held stylus between two targets as fast as possible without missing them. The targets were of identical width (W) and were separated center-to-center by a certain amplitude (A). By systematically varying the width of the targets and distance between them, he found that the average movement time (MT) to go from one target to the other was specified by the following equation:

where a and b are empirically defined constants, and the expression log2(2·A/W) was termed the index of difficulty (ID) of the movement. Thus MT is predicted to increase linearly with ID: MT = a + b·ID. The index of difficulty is defined such that it increases with the distance that needs to be covered and the narrowness of the targets (required movement accuracy). Moreover, MT is predicted to be the same as long as the ratio between movement amplitude and target width (A/W) remains unchanged.

Keywords:

Fitts's law;
aiming;
speed-accuracy trade off;
motor control


Marked regional differences in the Sr content of human bones were observed as a result of the analyses of 277 human bones from a world-wide sampling. The % Sr/% Ca x 10/sup 3/ ratio was determined on bones ashed at 8000/sup 0/ for 12 to 24 hours. This ratio was not affected by bone type, age, or sex. Bones from Brazil and Liberia had high average ratios, Denmark, Italy and Japan, intermediate average ratios, and Cologne, Switzerland, and Bonn low average ratios (1.33, 1.25, 0.89, 0.71, 0.70, 0.36, 0.35, and 0.35 respectively). Analyses of bones of 9 other regions were also reported.


An adhesion prevention method of the present invention comprises: a step (S110) of supplying an ionic liquid to the inside of a chamber of a vacuum deposition apparatus; a step (S120) of making the ionic liquid flow on a surface of a subject to which adhesion is prevented in the chamber so as to form a liquid shield layer; a step (S130) of collecting a scattering deposition material in the liquid shield layer; a step (S140) of collecting, in the chamber, a mixture liquid containing the deposition material collected and remaining in the ionic liquid of the liquid shield layer; and a step (S150) of discharging the mixture liquid collected in the chamber to the outside thereof. The present invention enables the ionic liquid to flow along an inner wall of the chamber or a surface of an adhesion prevention plate so as to form the liquid shield layer, thereby providing advantages of preventing the deposition material from being deposited on the inner wall of the chamber, the adhesion prevention plate or the like during a deposition process. In addition, the deposition material adsorbed or collected in the ionic liquid flows with the ionic liquid so as to be recovered, such that the inside of the chamber is prevented from being contaminated, and thus a process can be continuously performed without stopping the deposition process, thereby providing an advantage of increasing the operation rate of the deposition apparatus.


The current-voltage characteristic of the tunnel junction with a localized impurity level in the dielectric layer is studied. We take into account the fact that the electron tunneling from the level to the lead is accompanied by the formation of a positively charged hole bound to the impurity. The Coulomb interaction of electrons with the hole leads to power-law singularities in the transition rate, analogous to those arising in the problem of x-ray-absorption edges in metals. They manifest themselves in I-V characteristic as I\ensuremath{\sim}(V-${\mathit{V}}_{\mathrm{th}}$${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}$\ensuremath{\theta}(V-${\mathit{V}}_{\mathrm{th}}$), the exponent \ensuremath{\alpha} being small when the spacing between impurity and junction leads is greater than the Fermi wavelength ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{\mathit{F}}$. Predicted dependences are most likely to be observed in junctions with leads made of a heavily doped semiconductor or in GaAs heterostructures, where the spacing may be of the order of ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{\mathit{F}}$.


The invention discloses a method for increasing mixing amount of road cement mineral powder. The method comprises the following steps: regulating graduation of a mill, namely setting an activating current-limiting ring in a fine grinding cabin, wherein the current-limiting ring is used for grinding powder, controlling flow and raising materials; regulating the graduation of a grinding body in the mill according to the types of the materials and cement, wherein the adjustment of comprehensive material parameters comprises the steps of size of a screening device and the process parameters of in-mill ventilation and the rotation speed of the mill, and the powder selection efficiency of the mill is optimized; demarcating and detecting a measuring scale at regular intervals; increasing the strength of clinker. According to the method for increasing the mixing amount of the road cement mineral powder, the defects of unreasonable graduation, poor measuring accuracy and low clinker strength of the mill in the prior art can be overcome, so that the advantages of reasonable graduation, good measuring accuracy and high clinker strength of the mill are achieved.


Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) play a significant role in the South African health care system, in particular with the HIV and AIDS epidemic. However, despite the frequent contact between THPs and HIV-positive patients, education of THPs with regards to HIV and AIDS has been overlooked. In order to facilitate collaboration between THPs and public health care workers (HCWs), a district-level alliance was developed which focused on collaboration between provincial and local authority clinics and THPs. The project set out to maximize the innovative approach to HIV counseling in a manner that was both clinically effective and culturally respectful. Training and mentoring was provided to THPs with regards to record keeping, safety practices and HIV prevention messaging. This pioneering project involving THPs, HCWs and the University is the first and largest of its kind.


The parasitism of trout in Algonquin Park, Ont., was studied during the spring and summer of 1939 to determine the distribution and abundance of parasites in the several species of trout. The sampling included 34 lakes from five different river drainages.A list of the parasites follows with the hosts indicated by the letters, C for Cristivomer namaycush Wahlbaum, S for Salvelinus fontinalis Linnaeus, and F for Salmo fario Linnaeus. Protozoa (cysts in kidneys),—CSF; trematodes: Crepidostomum farionis,—CS, Azygia angusticauda,—C, Clinostomum complanatum,—S, Neascus sp. (larvae),—S; cestodes: Diphyllobothrium sp. (larvae),—C, Eubothrium salvelini,—CS, Proteocephalus ambloplitis (larvae),—CS, Proteocephalus parallactics,—CSF, Proteocephalus pusillus,—C; nematodes: Cystidicola stigmatura,—CS, Philonema sp.,—C, unidentified larval nematodes,—CS, acanthocephala: Leptorhynchoides thecatus,—C; copepoda: Salmincola edwardsii,—S, Salmincola siscowet,—C.Two of the tapeworms, the two copepods, and the protozoan kidney...


Abstract Objective:Objective: To find the prevalence andassociated risk factors for overweight andobesity in women living in Sao Leopoldo,RS, Brazil. Methods: A Methods cross-sectionalpopulation-based study of 981 womenfrom 20 to 60 years of age was carried out.Overweight was defined as Body MassIndex (BMI) between 25 and 29.9 Kg/m 2 and obesity as BMI e"30 Kg/m 2 . Adjustedand crude measures of association werecalculated using Poisson Regression.Results:Results: A total of 31.7% (CI 95% 28.9 - 34.7)of women were overweight and 18% (CI 95% 15.8 – 20.6) were obese. After adjustmentsin the multivariate model, risk of obesitywas higher in women aged 50 to 60 years,belonging to lower economic classes (Dand E), having 5 or more children, parentalbackground of obesity and in those whoreported eating fast. Menarch age wasshown to have an inverse association withobesity. The risk of overweight increasedwith age, with the number of children, withmarital status and parental background ofobesity. The only socioeconomic variableassociated with overweight referred toyears of schooling. Discussion:Discussion: There weredifferences in obesity and overweightdeterminants. Results confirmed thatactions directed toward increasing level ofeducation could have a positive effect onoverweight indicators, and indirectly onobesity indicators.Keywords: Overweight. Obesity. Women.Prevalence. Risk factors.


Introduction Oral cavity is an important part of the body. A functional oral cavity is necessary for nutrition, emotional expression and speech (1). Studies have assessed the oral and dental health and their status in general populations and sub-population groups including psychiatric patients in developed countries. According to the results of these studies, several factors including the large quantities of saliva-reducing medications being taken, poor diet and the apathetic nature of many psychiatric patients could result in poor oral health in patients with psychiatric disorders (2). Medications commonly used for psychiatric patients cause xerostomia (dry mouth) which subsequently can lead to speech difficulties, acute staphylococcal parotitis, increase in oral moniliasis, increased risk of gingivitis, periodontitis and stomatitis, difficulties in swallowing and food remnants adherent to the teeth, resulting in rampant caries (1,3). Oral hygiene is therefore of utmost importance for these patients. There must be more coordinated attempts between the social and dental care sectors to adequately serve the needs of this disadvantaged group (4). Little information is available on the oral and dental health status and treatment needs of special groups in developing countries such as Iran; in particular, one area of community dentistry that is of great importance, and yet suffers from neglect, is the oral health of psychiatric patients (5). Iran is a large country located in the Middle East. Kerman province, which is located in central and southeast of Iran, is the largest province in Iran covering 11% of the total area and approximately 3%-4% of total population (with 2.5 to 3 million people) of the country. Oral and dental status of the hospitalized psychiatric patients has not been assessed in Kerman. Thus, this research is the first study that has been conducted in Iran. Original Article


Most housing market literature assumes that all housing units are identical and ignores difference among them. This article suggests heterogeneity, mobility and investment will influence the probability of formation of vacant housing units. Using year 2000 census data, Chungshan, Neihu and Shinlin districts of Taipei City, respectively with the highest, lowest and average vacancy rate in the City are examined and compared. The results of a binary logit model show that vacancy would be more likely to be observed on a house whose characteristics differ from ordinary ones, whose owner is liable to move and that is favored by investors. It is found that the high-rise buildings and luxurious houses in Chungshan and Shinlin districts, the en-suites in Chungshan district and low buildings in Neihu district have a higher probability of being vacant. These empirical findings suggest a close relationship between observed housing vacancy and housing characteristics in a spatial context.


Preface Introduction A Concise History of Polish Theater 1939-1989 First Period: 1939-1945: Theater in Time of War Second Period: 1945-1948: The Reconstruction of Theatrical Life Third Period: 1949-1955: The Apogee of Stalinism Fourth Period: 1956-1960: "Theatrical October" Fifth Period: 1960-1980: The Twenty "Captive Years" Sixth Period: 1980-1981: Solidarity Theater Seventh Period: 1982-1989: Theater of Martial Law and the Last Communist "Normalization" Epilogue Selected Issues Profiles of Selected Theater Artists The Lawgivers The Old Guard The "Polish Staging Theater" The "Polish Visual Theater" Polish Research Theater The Rationalists in "The Time Out of Joint" Community Builders The Most Prominent Actors Bibliography Indexes


Two novel simple and accurate univariate spectrophotometric methods were described for the determination of a binary mixture of Sodium cromoglicate (SCG) and Fluorometholone (FLU) namely; ratio subtraction coupled with extended ratio subtraction (RS-EXRSM) and constant center (CCSM) spectrophotometric methods. The methods were able to recover the zero order absorption spectra of both drugs from their binary mixture through simple mathematical calculations. The linearity ranges were found to be (2.5–25 µg/mL) and (4- 25 µg/mL) for SCG and FLU, respectively. A comparative study was conducted between the proposed univariate methods versus multivariate ones, based on using principle component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS-2). Upon applying the methods for the determination of SCG and FLU in laboratory prepared mixtures, the (CCSM and PLS-2) proved to be of higher predictive ability rather than (RS-EXRSM and PCR) in prediction of mixtures containing low concentration of one of the components. The proposed methods were validated in compliance with the ICH guidelines. These methods could be alternative to different HPLC techniques in quality control laboratories lacking the required facilities for those expensive techniques


Acute haemolytic anaemia associated with high titre cold agglutinins is an uncommon complication of primary atypical pneumonia. The first description of a case appears in a paper of Clough and Richter4 recording their observations on the haemagglutinins in a patient with bronchopneumonia. In the British literature Besterman and Brigden2 first reported a case and in surveying the literature found 25 previously published cases. Since then cases have been recorded by Neely et al.,'5 Sigenthaler,'6 Aaron' and by Stewart and Friedlander.'8 Dacie7' 9 has described the serological investigation of several cases. The condition is sufficiently rare to warrant reporting a further case with some observations on the serological findings.


Research was carried out to the soil fetched from borrow area of brick and tile kiln in Libukou town, Shangshui county in 2008. The soil studied has been reclaimed for three, seven, eight and nine years. The result of the research showed that the organic matter content, plough layer thickness and volume weight of soil were improved with the time that the soil reclaimed, but the efforts of foster and apply fertilizer was not enough. For the actual situation of the soil from borrowarea of brick and tile kiln, from the aspect of improve the quality of reclaimed soil, the author raised some specific methods for ecological restoration.


The interactions between salivary proteins and tannins, responsible for the astringency of wine, may reduce phenolic bioavailability. The effect of ethanol on protein−tannins interaction and consequently on in-vitro total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP) of wine was investigated. Scalar amounts of ethanol proportionally reduce the extent of tannin precipitation with respect to alcohol-free red wine. This effect is parallel to and has a high correlation (r = 0.978) with the TRAP increase in wine fractions, partially restoring the antioxidant activity lost as a consequence of the interactions with proteins. We postulate that ethanol could reduce the chemical interactions between proteins and red wine tannins. The present work suggests that alcohol seems to contribute indirectly to the antioxidant capacity of wine by increasing the bioavailability of its phenolic compounds. Keywords: Tannins; wine; antioxidant; alcohol; proteins


In order to increase the adaptive ability of the Kohonen's self-organizing feature map algorithm, we modify the updating rule of its partition boundary. The modified algorithm, together with the genetic algorithm, is applied to the detection of the REM (rapid eye movement) cycle of the sleep, which is said to be related to comfortableness of the sleep. We used the heart-rate alone (not EEG) and succeeded to achieve a high detection accuracy.


The research presented in this article is aimed at developing a computerised automatic imaging system for classification of bone samples in dental CT. The article focuses on using texture analysis for the classification of bone samples from CT scans. The approach consists of two steps: automatic extraction of the most discriminative texture features of regions of interest in the CT medical images and creation of a classifier. A comparative study of wavelets-based texture descriptors from three families of wavelets (Daubechies', coiflets, symlets) coupled with the implementation of a decision tree classifier based on back propagation is carried on. Principal component analysis is compared against the classical sequential methods in terms of the best recognition rate achieved and the optimal number of features. The classification performance of 100% is achieved in PCA with optimal features compared to sequential methods.


Materials from 22 patients with various forms of destructive pancreatitis were tested. The species composition of microflora and its antibiotic resistance were determined. The etiological role of opportunistic microorganisms was shown. The study of biological properties of 42 strains was carried out. The intestinal reservoir was shown to be the source of persistent microflora causing the formation of purulent pancreatitis. The presence of the capacity for inactivating natural host resistance factors in different representatives of intestinal microflora were regarded as the cause of the development of purulent inflammatory processes of the pancreas. The data of this study allow recommending method of the selective decontamination of intestine for the prevention and treatment of purulent complications of acute pancreatitis.


While photoassociation and the Feshbach resonance are, in principle, feasible means for creating a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate from an already-quantum-degenerate gas of atoms, in practice it turns out that irreversible decay puts serious limitations on achieving near-unit efficiency with either mechanism alone. By combining the two methods we propose to circumvent any and all losses, thereby enabling near-unit efficient production of a stable condensate of molecules. Ironically, it appears that fermionic potassium-40 is the current most suitable system for the initial quantum gas of atoms.


It is our intention to write a different overview of inventory models, from single item single echelon models to multi-item multi-echelon models, then is mostly provided in text books on Operations Management. We hope that this monograph provides complementary knowledge. Instead of starting with inventory models that are tractable from a mathematical point of view, we start from the inventory management problem and the modeling challenges to be faced. We present the economic order quantity problem from the perspective of Return On Investment instead of from a cost perspective. We show that the Newsvendor fractile emerges from virtually any model with linear holding and penalty costs. And we discuss the complexities of multi-item multi-echelon inventory systems by developing necessary and sufficient conditions operational control policies for such systems should satisfy.


Objective: The differential diagnosis of symptomatic hemorrhagic corpus luteum includes various causes of acute abdomen that are usually associated with either leukocytosis and/or fever. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hemorrhagic corpus luteum could also be associated with the clinical and/or laboratory presentation of acute abdomen. Methods: This work was a retrospective case series study, including 84 hospitalizations (81 women) owing to symptomatic hemorrhagic corpus luteum from January 2005 to February 2006. Results: The most prevalent complaint, common to all women, was abdominal pain. Other symptoms and signs included fever (10.7%), nausea or vomiting (13%), urinary complaints (9%), and shoulder pain (1.1%). The mean hemoglobin concentration was 12.8 g/L on admission and 11.9 g/L on discharge. White blood cell (WBC) counts exceeding 11,000 cells/mL were present on admission in 33% of patients. The WBC count repeated before discharge decreased significantly (from 14,051 cells/mL to 813...


Contents: Preface Introduction The Rise of Berlin in Imperial Germany: Theorizing Berlin City theory in Imperial Germany Berlin transformed: from trade exhibition to world city A shop window of modernity Gender and Modernity in the work of Georg Simmel: The subjective and objective character of culture The sociology of space Sexuality and the City in Imperial Berlin: Feminism and prostitution Hans Ostwald and Die GroAYstadt Dokumente Representing Berlin: Transitions: from Imperial Weltstadt to Weimar vamp Painting the city: the lure of Berlin Impressions of the Imperial GroAYstadt Expressions of the modern metropolis Bibliography Index.


The SAW device and its manufacturing method for forming a plurality of SAW elements IDT electrode having aluminum as the main component in the above piezoelectric substrate. Second, the piezoelectric substrate immersed in a solution containing phosphate ions, washed with water and dried after the removal. Then after detecting the frequency characteristics of the SAW element and distinguish the piezoelectric substrate is divided into individual SAW element. Next, the SAW element into the housing, and the SAW element is connected to the housing with a wire. Finally, the cap sealing the opening portion of the housing. Thereby providing suppressed deterioration of characteristics, moisture resistance and strong SAW device.


In order to set up a technique for adsorbing and separating flavones from Gnaphlium affine D. Don with macroporous adsorption resin,7 types of resin were investigated. The results showed that ADS-21 resin was the best for adsorbing and separating flavones in the following technological conditions:the concentration of sample of extract,1.28~1.78 mg/mL;pH3.0;the flow rate of fluid 4 BV/h,the eluting regent,30% ethanol,8 folds of the volume of the resin,elution rate 3 BV/h,desorbing rate was 95.5%;the maximum adsorbing capacity of ADS-21 resin for flavones was 49.57 mg/mL;the content of flavons in the purified products was 82.23%.