The development of accurate absolute distance interferometers is a long-term research goal. The key impact of this article is the demonstration of an absolute distance interferometer based on the optical feedback (OF) into a superluminescent diode cavity. Due to the OF, we obtained huge interference fringes even with diffusive targets and without using high-sensitivity and low-noise detectors but directly exploiting the monitor photodiode enclosed in the same package of the optical source. The low coherence of the optical source makes the system robust to any stray light along the optical path and thus suitable to work in biological media and dusty industrial environments. The proposed signal processing exploits a zero-crossing approach to determine the absolute target position. Preliminary results show a 95% expanded uncertainty to measuring interval ratio of about 60 ppm over a measuring interval of 50 mm.


The hydraulic expanding process was numerically simulated,and the distribution of residual contact pressure on the contact surface between tube and tube sheet was studied.A concept of "leakproof residual contact pressure" was proposed to indicate the tightness of hydraulic expanded tube joints,and the sealing criterion of the tube joints was founded.The effects of expansion pressure,thicknesses of tube sheets and the clearance between tubes and tube sheets on leakproof residual contact pressure were studied as initial parameters,and the formula of leakproof residual contact pressure was fitted.The strength and tightness of hydraulic expanded tube joints would be determined with expansion pressures on the concept of leakproof residual contact pressure.


AbstractStudies have shown that a bioefficient/HBS™ dosage form is more bioavail able than the conventional product. This is true with compounds which are absorbed from the upper portion of the small intestine or intended to act in the stomach contents. The increase in bioavailability is due to the design of this delivery system which is based on the HBS™ having a prolonged retention in the stomach, as shown by scintillation studies. Vitamins evaluated in these experiments include riboflavin, thiamine and a vitamin C plus E combination product.


A single-sideband upconverter mixer with sideband selection capability is presented. Sideband selection is accomplished by inverting the polarity of either the I or Q differential IF signals into the upconverter by means of a switch network. The mixer operates at an LO frequency of 5 GHz and an IF of 100 MHz, and thus it produces an upper sideband at 5.1 GHz and a lower sideband at 4.9 GHz. Experimental results show that the mixer has a conversion gain of over 12 dB and that its IP1dB is −12 dBm and its IIP3 is −5 dBm. The OP1dB and OIP3 of the upconverter are 0 dBm and +6.5 dBm, respectively. The chip was fabricated using a standard 130 nm CMOS process, it consumes a total of 26 mW of dc power and the circuit core occupies an area of 0.49 mm2.


In this short article, I analyse Hall's neglected early work on media and its account of how ideology is reproduced through the everyday workings of media institutions. I trace the importance of that work through later work on the mythical aspects of media institutions (Couldry) and more recent work on the culture of connectivity (Van Dijck) and its appropriation of the social in the form of social media platforms.


It is well known that counter-propagation of structured light fields allows shaping of three-dimensional (3D) structures in amplitude, phase, or polarization. Here, we numerically demonstrate the potential of implementing non-diffracting Bessel–Gaussian (BG) beams for advancing this approach by taking advantage of its characteristic propagation behavior. In this context, we investigate the self-healing property in this counter-propagating configuration, observing a spin angular momentum (SAM) variation and the formation of a continuous orbital angular momentum (OAM) gradient in longitudinal direction. Additionally, by counter-propagation of BG beams of different types, namely, scalar and vector BG beams, we are able to increase the complexity of accessible 3D structured fields, revealing combined amplitude, phase, and polarization modulation in all spatial dimensions. Thereby, the SAM and OAM of the input light fields can be used to design the resulting 3D structure and its angular momenta. The presented light fields open new possibilities for customized optical trapping potentials and allow new insights into fundamental spin–orbit interaction in counter-propagating superpositions of structured fields.


Provided are: a preserved flower arrangement in which a preserved flower (5) is provided with a core body (10) in which at least a plurality of petals (71) are separated from the perianth, and outer petals (20) which are formed on the surfaces of the proximal ends of the petals (71) separated from the perianth and which have cross-sectionally arcuate protrusions (21), various shapes being achieved by bonding and securing the core body (10) and the protrusions (21) formed in the plurality of outer petals (20) arranged around the periphery of the core body (10); and a method for manufacturing the preserved flower arrangement.


Using a case study approach, this paper investigates how workplace relationships, management styles and information and communication technologies (ICT) shape and influence the quality of work life (QWL) in two Australian call centres: Govtcall and Marketplus. In many ways, call centres epitomise the shift towards technology-based work, with ICT defining and dictating both the work process and the management of performance. While call centres now represent a critical element of the business cycle of many organisations, the use of ICT in the work process has led to the emergence of various job quality issues. This paper argues that workplace relationships and management styles have a pervasive impact on the QWL, not only mitigating the adverse effects of ICT, but also promoting sustainable productivity and employee performance. Importantly, the study demonstrates that organisations have significant control and influence over QWL outcomes even where ICT is extensively utilised in the work process.


Let {s m} be a discrete set of points in ℂ N and λ m any sequence of points in ℂ. We shall be interested in finding an entire function F(z) such that F(s m )=λ m . This is of course easy if no restriction is placed on F, but we shall be interested in finding an F which in addition satisfies certain growth conditions. We shall denote the variable z=(z 1,..., z N), z j =x j +iy j ,


The Simultaneous Measurement of O_2-Evolving and CO_2-Fixing Activities in Fresh Leaves Yamashita, Takashi Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Kohda, Hideho Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Nanri, Jihei Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Tomita, Giiti Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 他


The Bachelor thesis deals with the employee development and education/training systems applied within CENTROPROJEKT p.l.c. First part gives an interpretation of the issues related to the development and education. It is followed by four basic phases of the systematic education, i.e. identification of needs, education planning and implementation as well as evaluation of the learning process efficiency. The theoretical part is continued by a practical one, in which theory permeates the practice in practical applications. The practical part describes the current state of education and training activities as well as a questionnaire survey. Based on the survey results, it gives recommendations for the improvement of the current state inside the company.


This paper takes the so-called "original sin" hypothesis as constraint to improvements in the composition of the federal securities debt as it proposes the existence of a frontier of choice between term and the proportion of fixed-rate securities in the debt. The quality of the resulting choice can be measured through the Securities Debt Composition Index (ICDM), which is based on the attributes average term and proportion of fixed-rate, relatively to the US debt taken as benchmark. This analytical tools make it possible to discuss the main cases of the Brazilian historical experience on securities debt indexation and choice of term structure, namely: the initial impulse from monetary correction; issuance of short-term fixed rate papers; prefixation of correction; introduction of financial adjustment; reintroduction of fixed rate securities; the case of inflation-linked bonds; new fixed rate bonds with coupon; and the domestic dollar-linked debt. The conclusions point out to the fact that the debt manager should take parallel shifts in the frontier as exogenous, while its actual strategy should be based on the identification of opportunities of non-parallel shifts. The latter can be obtained through new debt instruments or additional offer of certain types of instruments that meet specific agents' demands.


Every industry has its own specialties, demands, and set of specifications. A proper transformer selection is a crucial task for the business operation in terms of costs and reliability. This article brings examples of different transformer types specially designed to meet the industrial application requirements.


In financial risk, credit risk management is one of the most important issues in financial decision-making. Reliable credit scoring models are crucial for financial agencies to evaluate credit applications and have been widely studied in the field of machine learning and statistics. Deep learning is a powerful classification tool which is currently an active research area and successfully solves classification problems in many domains. Deep Learning provides training stability, generalization, and scalability with big data. Deep Learning is quickly becoming the algorithm of choice for the highest predictive accuracy. Feature selection is a process of selecting a subset of relevant features, which can decrease the dimensionality, reduce the running time, and improve the accuracy of classifiers. In this study, we constructed a credit scoring model based on deep learning and feature selection to evaluate the applicant's credit score from the applicant's input features. Two public datasets, Australia and German credit ones, have been used to test our method. The experimental results of the real world data showed that the proposed method results in a higher prediction rate than a baseline method for some certain datasets and also shows comparable and sometimes better performance than the feature selection methods widely used in credit scoring.


The effects of gas pressure and insulator length on uniform formation of current sheath in a low energy (1.4 kJ) Mather type plasma focus are investigated. The PF device is powered by a 11 μF single capacitor bank, charged at 15 kV giving peak discharge current of 130 kA. The formation of the current sheath is monitored using a magnetic probe. The magnetic probe was radially inserted between the anode and the cathode at the middle of the insulator length to explore the evolution of the plasma sheath during the initial phase. The radial component of the sheath velocity during the formation of plasma column is measured at various locations. All of the measurements were performed using argon and nitrogen as the filling gas. The magnetic probe measurements show a rather symmetric profile for the current sheath near the insulator. Results of velocity variation as a function of the sheath position from the insulator, for different insulator lengths and filling gas pressures, are presented and the sheath uniformity is analyzed.


In 21 st century, people concern about the game industry more than any other time. MMORPG game occupies games market with a large proportion in the entire game industry. Today interface design with user-centered and satisfy users highly has become a very important design issue. This research studied on the optimum location of basic elements in game interface in order to provide reference for designers, and proposed a new interface design proposal which could improve the user satisfaction on this basis. Also found the difference about interface elements location between new design proposal and original existed one, and revealed the reason for this difference.


The changes of village system scale structure is a kind of Markov Chain.This research set up a forcast model based on the historical statistics of the Shache County from 1986 to 2004 by using the Markov Transition Probability Matrix to predict the future changes of village system scale structure.It was pointed out that different types of towns have a polar development and the system has a good development trend.The model gave an effective solution to the village system scale structure of the "no aftereffect of the haracteristics".It will provide the theoretical basis for making a reasonable city development policy and the plan.


Sheets of metal can be bulged by impulsive high pressure produced by the underwater spark discharge. The following two matters are considered as the cause of the impulsive pressure. One is generation of a spherical shock wave that results from rapid evaporation of water by heat of an arc and another is that of a rapid water flow called a microjet that arises from the movement of a bubble containing water vapor produced by the arc. It is supposed that the pressure produced by the latter is not less effective than the shock wave on bulging sheets of metal. In order to make the effect of the water flow on the forming clear, we have bulged each aluminum plate (thickness equals 0.2 [mm]) set up on a die with a hole (diameter equals 3 [mm]) in the center of it by the underwater spark discharge and examined how the height of bulge of each aluminum plate varies with variable distance between the spark gap and the aluminum plate. Besides we have observed the behavior of the bubble by a high speed camera. As a result of this study, it is reported that there is the most suitable distance between the spark gap and the aluminum plate for bulging, because the pressure caused by the rapid water flow, that is, the microjet operates most effectively on the aluminum plate at that distance.


In the writing of reports, memoranda, evaluations, orders etc. the staff officer is compelled to draw heavily upon the technical and specialist knowledge of others. He need not himself be an expert, but he should be able to incorporate the relevant data in the staff document in such a way that it supports or illustrates the message. This implies a fluent command of at least the two official languages, and an understanding of what he is trying to communicate.


Microteaching is an important means to train the teaching skills of students in normal university.As an intramural research subject,it has been studied and practiced carefully in recent years.Based on the studies,this paper expounds the development,meaning and characters of microteaching,discusses the policy of microteaching in application of mathematics teaching theory.Microteaching is a scientific training means of the teaching skills,based on the modern education theory,the advanced multimedia information technique,feedback principle and teaching evaluation etc.Microteaching possesses the characters of micromation,needs less time in training processes,but better visualizability.In application of mathematics teaching theory,the processing of microteaching includs to theory learning,establishment of project,ascertainment of content and object,writing of teaching plan,viewing and demonstration,role playing and evaluation of feedback and so on.How to design the teaching plan and teaching process of microteaching is very important and hard work.The work is almost through the whole process of microteaching training.We need the students to understand and handle the process by teaching design principle.


Effects of pulsation on flow and heat transfer characteristics are experimentally examined in the pulsating pipe flows having sinusoidal velocity fluctuations around a nonzero mean. By systematically varying three pulsation parameters (the amplitude, frequency, and mean velocity), time-averaged and fluctuating temperature profiles are measured under the heating condition of constant wall temperature using saturated vapor. The mean Nusselt number, Nup, is calculated, and compared with that in ordinary turbulent pipe flows without pulsation. The results show that Nup, decreases initially as the pulsation amplitude increases, then recovers gradually, and finally becomes much greater than the original value. In pulsating pipe flows with a nonzero mean velocity, therefore, pulsation cannot always promote heat transfer, but sometimes suppresses it, depending mainly on the pulsation amplitude and mean velocity. It is also found that these heat transfer characteristics of a pulsating pipe flow are controlled by the transition of flow patterns with pulsation amplitude from a fully turbulent flow to a conditionally turbulent flow via a transitional flow. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 25(5): 323–341, 1996


Linear and nonlinear dielectric studies of AgNb1-xTaxO3 (ATN) ceramics (x ≤ 0.6) were carried out in the temperature range of 80 to 673K. The temperature dependences of third-order nonlinear electric susceptibility χ3'(T) exhibit two distinct maxima: at the temperature of the weak ferroelectric phase appearance, M1-M2 transition, and at the temperature of the Nb/Ta ion dynamics freezing, Tf. For AgNbO3, they appear at 325K and 448K, respectively. With increasing Ta concentration, both maxima shift toward lower temperature: 4K/%Ta (M1-M2) and 5.6K/%Ta (Tf). The χ3' (T) maxima indicate changes of the Nb/Ta ion dynamics and their contribution to electric susceptibility. At Tf, a partial freezing of the Nb/Ta ion displacements to the disordered antipolar, antiferroelectric array takes place. At the M1-M2 transition, further freezing of Nb/Ta displacements to polar weak relaxor ferroelectric or dipolar glass transition occurs. This polar state coexists with the ground antiferroelectric state. Studies of the aging process showed that below Tf the aging influence on electric susceptibility is substantial, whereas above Tf it may be neglected. This means that for ATN ceramics in the concentration range used for applications, there is no aging process in the room temperature region, which is an additional advantage of this system.


Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with the moving window partial least-squares (MWPLS) method and Savitzky–Golay (SG) smoothing was successfully applied for the rapid no-reagent determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in sugar refinery wastewater. An appropriate waveband with stability was selected through a rigorous modeling process. Among 141 samples, 60 were randomly selected as the validation set. The remaining 81 samples were divided into the calibration set (50 samples) and the prediction set (31 samples) for a total of 20 times with certain similarities. The results showed that the short-wave NIR region (780 nm to 1100 nm) can be used as the information waveband of COD in sugar refinery wastewater, and the optimal SG smoothing mode was 5th order derivative, 5th degree polynomial, and 7 smoothing points. The waveband selection was performed in the SG smoothing spectra of the short-wave NIR region by the MWPLS method. The optimized waveband was 808 nm to 964 nm, the validation root mean square error of prediction (V-SEP) and validation correlation coefficients of prediction (V-RP) were 25.0 mg L−1 and 0.966, respectively, which had good prediction precision and stability. The results provide a reliable NIR analysis model and valuable references for designing small, specialized NIR instruments.


REVIEWING THIS WORK for British industrial relations scholars when it first appeared at the end of 1980, I called attention to its "combination of meticu lous documentation, sharp and persuasive theoretical argument and acute ana lytical insight." My judgement that this was the most important historical study of British trade unionism since Turner's Trade Union Growth, Structure and Policy has not been shared by most subsequent commentators, and I welcome this opportunity, in the light of the controversy which Price has stimulated, to renew my assessment for a very different audience. Price focuses on the development of labour relations and labour control in British construction, drawing primarily, though by no means exclusively, on trade union archives (in particular those of masons, bricklayers, and carpenters). He also discusses more general trends in union organization and status during the period of his study, as well as drawing on more recent evidence from industrial sociology and industrial relations. His central aim is not only to offer an alternative to the institutional approach to union history of the Webbs and their successors, but also to challenge their built-in teleology. Viewing "mod ern" collective bargaining procedures as the embodiment of rationality, con ventional labour historians traditionally interpreted their subject as the natural unfolding of enlightened progress toward this goal. But a historiography rooted in the experience of workers themselves, insists Price, involves a radically different perspective. Conflict is central to their day-to-day relationship with capital, and informs their collective aspirations and strategies; hence "we may best conceptualise the dynamic of industrial relations as a struggle for power and authority." The professed aim of the book is "to make sense of the relationship between industrial conflict and the work process over a broad range of time."


In [1], Ekici and Noiri introduced and studied ⋆−connected and ⋆s−connected ideal spaces. We further study the properties of ⋆−connected and ⋆s−connected ideal spaces. AMS Mathematics Subject Classi cation (2010): 54A05, 54A10


Thank you for submitting your manuscript for consideration by The EMBO Journal. I have now had a chance to read it carefully and to discuss it with my colleagues in the editorial team. While we consider your study as being potentially interesting and would be inclined to send it for external review, I am afraid we also noticed problems with at least one of the data panels that would require satisfactory clarification before we may be able to proceed with the editorial processing of your manuscript.


PURPOSE Moving into a care unit is a drastic experience to many elderly people. Losing intimacy and independence increases the lost of appetite due to age and sickness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Realizing the individual needs of nourishment and circumstances that should be considered to avoid malnutrition. By using questionnaire - 45 administrations of retirement homes in Vorarlberg are inquired. The information is evaluated by a triangulation. RESULTS Results show that nursing homes prefer the scooping system. This way the occupants can choose the amount and kind of dishes. The favorite meals of the seniors are documented. The evaluation of the nutritional condition is recorded by observation of the seniors, weight control and watching their eating habits. Recording with screening or assessment tools is occasionally considered or practiced. Each of the 45 nursing homes also takes care of persons with dementia who show a high risk of malnutrition which means a high demand to the nursing staff. CONCLUSION The majority of facilities try to take the individuality of the seniors concerning nutrition into consideration. Most nursing homes administrations are fully aware of the problem of malnutrition. Registration of risk and settlement of cares by screening and assessment tools are necessary to clear up the way of practical handling and dealing with the situation.


Several people suffer from diseases and injuries and many of them die because of late diagnostic and/or inefficient treatment. Many of these diseases affect humans and animals, and animals can be vectors for humans. In this perspective, it is necessary works that integrate humans, animals, and ecosystems, thus, to arise the One Health. Along with it, nanotechnology is a great alternative to improve health care, due to its revolutionary and complex properties. Although, how can nanomaterials be capable of work with or against cells, tissues, drugs, and medical devices? There are already many products in the market, but there are a lot of challenges to face and a whole new world to discover. In this article are given the application of nanostructures in diagnostic, therapy, medical devices, tissue and implant engineering, human health and animal, and a future perspective.


The measurement of the electron spectrum in β decays close to the end point provides a robust direct determination of the values of neutrino masses. The most sensitive experiments use tritium and rhenium β decays because these transitions have low Q value. Recent measurement with Penning traps established that the β decay of 115In(9/2+) to the first excited state of 115Sn(3/2+) is a transition with the smallest Q value among β decays. The decay is associated with a change of spin and parity ΔJπ = 3+ (ΔL = 2, ΔS = 1) of nucleus, i.e., classified as unique second forbidden β decay. Our investigation shows that in this transition electrons are predominantly emitted in d5/2 partial waves. In addition, it is found that the Kurie function associated with this transition near the end point within a good accuracy reflects a behavior the Kurie function of superallowed β transitions.


The purpose of the present paper is to study the globally and locally ϕ-T-symmetric (e)-para Sasakian manifold. The globally ϕ-T-symmetric (e)-para Sasakian manifold is either Einstein manifold or has a constant scalar curvature. The necessary and sufficient condition for Einstein manifold to be globally ϕ-T -symmetric is given. A 3-dimensional (e) -para Sasakian manifold is locally ϕ-T-symmetric if and only if the scalar curvature r is constant. A 3-dimensional (e)-para Sasakian manifold with η-parallel Ricci tensor is locally ϕ-T-symmetric. In the last, an example of 3-dimensional locally ϕ-T-symmetric (e)-para Sasakian manifold is given.


Despite its limitations, microbial risk assessment can be extremely useful for safeguarding drinking water quality, according to a new report from the American Academy of Microbiology (AAM), "Clean Water: What is Acceptable Microbial Risk?" The report, based on a colloquium convened during November 2006 in Tucson, Ariz., recommends a series of improvements for assessing the risks associated with waterborne microorganisms, emphasizing the need to develop better indicator organisms, credible models for evaluating waterborne diseases, and an international database of waterborne pathogen incidence. It also says that an iterative approach to assessing risks can lead toward better water quality standards and help to correct inappropriate approaches of the past.


This paper YL - 235A optic-mechanical integration equipment, this paper expounds the design process of PLC program design ideas, inverter parameter setting and touch screen design method for the electromechanical integration interface, the skills competition and provides experience and methods.


The recent progress of metallic glassy thin films (MGTFs) in mechanical, magnetic, biomedical, and optical fields is briefly summarized. The key factors that control the mechanical behavior of MGTFs are outlined on the basis of recent theoretical and experimental works. Special MGTFs with enhanced mechanical property like nano‐structured MGTFs, multi‐layer MGTFs, and ultra‐stable MGTFs are introduced in detail. The magnetic anisotropy and magnetic impedance (MI) effect of MGTFs are discussed. In addition, MGTFs are recently found playing an important role in some new areas, for example, for biomedical and optical components. The availability of two‐dimensional MGTFs stimulates comprehensive studies in those fields, which enhance the understanding of the correlation of structure and their mechanical, magnetic, biomedical, and optical properties, and develop the designing strategy for engineers.


It is suggested new compositional model of data distribution. This model and classical models were trained on reference area. This test demonstrates that proposed approach has the advantage to another model of data distribution. And it can be used in underflooding monitoring.


Objective To clone and analyze the whole sequence of L1 gene and its deduced L1 protein of HPV18 from specimen of cervical cancer. Methods HPV18 L1 gene was amplified from a HPV18-positive DNA sample of a Chinese patient with cervical adenocarcinoma by means of PCR and then cloned and sequenced. Results In comparison with the prototype, there were twelve point mutations in HPV 18 L1 nucleic acid sequence and the differed sequence had changed the triplet codes. Therefore, the amino acid sequence of HPV 18 L1 protein could be subsequently changed. Conclusion Some mutations had taken place in the nucleotide sequence of HPV18 L1 gene obtained from the cervical cancer tissue of this Chinese patient.


The G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) started offering a combined BS/MS degree in fall 2001. This program allows meritorious undergraduate students, desiring graduate studies beyond the bachelor of science degree, an accelerated path towards the granting of the master of science degree. Students may pursue a thesis or non-thesis option in completing the MS degree. Since inception of this program, a majority of the BS/MS students have chosen the non-thesis (course work only) option. A recent goal of this BS/MS program in mechanical engineering at Georgia Tech is to increase the number of students choosing the thesis, or research, option. This paper compares BS/MS programs in mechanical engineering at Georgia Tech and its peer institutions. The purpose is to analyze how various academic institutions address this issue (minority of BS/MS students doing a thesis), to collect lessons learned, and to provide recommendations that could promote an increase in thesis participation in BS/MS programs in the future.


avri TOV ov, rj avrl TOV ovSdAxos" IOTI 8e 'ATTIKOV. Shilleto however points out that via could only stand for irov, not for iroOev, and takes the word as equivalent to TTOV fidXa. This explanation seems extremely doubtful. In the first place, it fails to explain why the Doric form TTS> is retained in what is confessedly an Attic word; secondly, no parallel is quoted for the change of accent in mo and the use of fidXa as an enclitic ; thirdly, fiAXa after interrogatives seems a doubtful idiom, which TI ILaXuTTa; irrjviKO. //.aAurra; and the like in no way justify. The word occurs in the following places : (1) Ar. Plut. 66 a> TOV, aTraXKd\6rfTov ox' i/iov; iru>fia\a: (2) Ar. Frag. 126 XoiSopta TIS iyeveO' v/uv; wwfiaXa' oiS" et7rov oiSev : (3) Pherecr. 'Aypioi Fr. 9 (Mein.) ov8' aTroTrpoa-imrijorfe KW/XOIS ; ircij/iaXa (where Meineke says ' irmfmXxi addidi e Grammat. Bekkeri p. 433, 18 ubi * . 'Aypiois') : (4) Lys. ap. Suid. I.e. yewawos yap al yvvouKK 7rai/ia\a !0ao~av


This article explores problems underpinning standard-setting for the protection of farm animals in Australia which have provoked calls for change and considers the approach recently advocated by the Productivity Commission.


We develop a novel processing technique to fabricate a 3-D photonic bandgap material by filling the voids between the microspheres of a polystyrene colloidal crystal with silver. The transmission and reflection spectra of the composite crystal show an enlargement of the band- gap situated at a/? = 0.63 and the apparition of a second one, not predicted by the plane waves method, at a/? = 1.20 due to the increase of the dielectric contrast in the novel crystal in comparison with the pure colloidal polystyrene crystal. We also observe a shift of the first peak to the higher frequencies because of the decrease of the average refractive index in the composite crystal.


This study, commissioned by the European Parliament Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs upon request by the PETI Committee, provides an analysis of the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Copyright Works for the Blind or Print-Disabled. It explains the background and movements that led to its proposal, negotiation and successful adoption. It then considers the Treaty's current situation in relation to its content and issues around its ratification, particularly by the EU. It finally examines future developments around copyright reform and makes recommendations to EU institutions and Member States.


The identification and localization of Fast Radio Bursts to their host galaxies has revealed important details about the progenitors of these mysterious, millisecond-long bursts of coherent radio emission. In this work we study the most probable host galaxy of the apparently non-repeating CHIME/FRB event FRB 20190425A — a particularly high luminosity, low dispersion measure event that was demonstrated in a recent paper to be temporally and spatially coincident with the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA binary neutron star merger GW190425, suggesting an astrophysical association (p-value 0.0052). In this paper we remain agnostic to this result, and we confirm UGC10667 as the most probable host galaxy of FRB 20190425A, demonstrating that the host galaxies of low dispersion measure, one-off CHIME FRBs can be plausibly identified. We then perform multi-wavelength observations to characterize the galaxy and search for any afterglow emission associated with the FRB and its putative GW counterpart. We find no radio or optical transient emission in our observations 2.5 yr post-burst. UGC10667 is a spiral galaxy at z ∼ 0.03, dominated by an old stellar population. We find no evidence of a large population of young stars, with nebular emission dominated by star formation at a rate of 1 − 2 M⊙ yr−1. While we cannot rule out a young magnetar as the origin of FRB 20190425A, our observations are consistent with an origin in a long delay-time neutron star binary merger.


This study aims to examine the relationships among self-efficacy, coaches' perception of efficacy and teammate's perception of efficacy regarding team cohesion. The sample comprised 66 players recruited from four semi-professional football teams. Results showed that coaches` perception of efficacy have a greater relationship with task cohesion, whereas teammates` perception of efficacy is associated with social cohesion. Finally, we suggest that teammates or coaches perception of efficacy are positively associated with cohesiveness, emphasizing the recognition by coach and group of the importance of every player and the role they are playing.


The most common air pollutants like Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are the cause of different environmental degradation, causing secondary air pollution like Photochemical Smog, acid rain etc, which causes various health hazards. Therefore decomposition of VOCs is required. Abatement of VOCs can be done by non-plasma and plasma mediated methods. Plasma treatment is one of the effective methods for VOCs decomposition. In this review the decomposition as well as energy conversion is studied comparing both plasma and other conventional non-plasma methods. The decomposition process by Dielectric barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma assisted methods and its advantages are discussed. Decomposition efficiencies of DBD reactor depends on reactor size, applied potential, humidity; concentrations/flow rate of VOCs, pressure inside the system, gap between two electrodes and nature of different dielectric materials. Also the effect of various catalysts on VOCs decomposition is reviewed.


Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most frequent reason for drug withdrawals in post-marketing stages but, unfortunately, DILI is hard to predict. To reduce patient morbidity and drug development costs, accurate tests for the prediction of DILI in early stages of drug development are needed. Given major inter-species differences, pre-clinical animal experiments are commonly complemented with hepatic invitromodels based on human cells and primary human hepatocytes (PHH) are considered the gold standard for drug toxicity testing. To overcome the limitations of 2D monolayer cultures, various more advanced hepatic culture systems have been developed. PHH 3D spheroids have been demonstrated to mimic the phenotype and functionality of human invivoliver tissue for multiple weeks and we have previously characterized this system on transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and functional levels. However, the extent to which their phenotype and functionality translates into an improved predictive accuracy in the evaluation of hepatotoxic liabilities of drug candidates remains to be addressed. Methods: We systematically assessed the predictive accuracy of 3D PHH spheroids to detect compounds implicated in human hepatotoxicity at clinically relevant concentrations using a panel of 122 drugs with and without direct evidence of causative involvement in clinical DILI events. Results: Of 70 compounds with DILI liabilities, our system correctly flagged 48 compounds as hepatotoxic without producing any false positive signals (0/52), resulting in a sensitivity of 69% and 100% specificity. We further demonstrate that PHH spheroids could faithfully distinguish between hepatotoxic and non-hepatotoxic drugs despite a high degree of structural similarity, underlining that the platform provides a promising tool for evaluating structurally related compounds at chemical derivatization stages in drug development. Moreover, we found that the platform supports the culture of 3D spheroids of primary hepatocytes from mouse, rat, minipig and rhesus monkey, thereby allowing the identification of animal-specific toxicity events. Conclusions: Our data indicates that the 3D PHH spheroid platform represents a powerful and versatile tool in drug discovery and pre-clinical drug development that can reliably flag drug candidates with hepatotoxic liabilities in humans and can provide useful guidance for the selection of the most relevant preclinical models.


We present a theoretical study of a mixture of antidipolar and nondipolar Bose-Einstein condensates confined to an infinite tube. We predict the presence of a spin roton and its associated instability, which triggers a continuous unmodulated--to--supersolid phase transition. We characterize the phase diagram of the binary system, ranging from the quasi-1D to the radial Thomas-Fermi (elongated 3D) regimes. We also present the dynamic formation of supersolids following a quench from the uniform miscible phase, which maintains phase coherence across the system.


The invention discloses an auxiliary power supplying method of a DC-DC (direct current) power supply converter and an auxiliary power supply circuit. An input voltage of the DC-DC power supply converter is adopted to provide a DC working current for an isolation optocoupler in the DC-DC power supply converter through a constant current source working in a non-linear working area; when the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply converter generates fluctuation to cause change of an output current of the isolation optocoupler, the size of the output current of the isolation optocoupler is regulated by the constant current source working in the non-linear working area; and the DC-DC power supply converter of the auxiliary power supply circuit disclosed by the invention has higher product stability and smaller product volume than the existing DC-DC power supply converter.


The invention discloses an environmental protective non-formaldehyde glass wool additive, which comprises the following parts: 100-170wt% polymethacrylic acid, 10-50wt% sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate, 0-5wt% silicane, 10-60wt% polyvinyl alcohol and 0-12wt% ammonia sulfate. The preparing method comprises the following steps: adding fitful organic and inorganic salt; stirring for 1-4h under normal temperature; heating to 100-160 Deg C; reacting 5h; dehydrating.


In order to examine the effects of vacuum conditioning on tobacco cigarette process color and the inner quality,in threshing and redrying and the silk processing,the cross-comparative analysis of the same flue-cured tobacco leaf were carried out with or without going through vacuum conditioning.The results showed that tobacco color was darker,but tobacco yellow pigment and polyphenol content were reduced with the increase of processing intensity.Compared with leaves without vacuum conditioning,with adding vacuum conditioned in the silk processing,smoke concentration somewhat increased and the quantity of flavor was good,the inner quality was better.But tobacco smoking quality decreased after two vacuum conditioning.


Plantain was extracted with ethanol and fractionated systemically with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water to study inhibitory effect on cholesterol synthesis in vitro. To screen the effect, inhibitory activities on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were examined using the five fractions of Plantain. The HMG-CoA reductase activity was inhibited most by ehylacetate fraction among the fractions, although the all five fractions had the effect To see the hypocholesterolemic effect of the ethylacetate fraction of Plantanin (PAE) in vivo, male Sprague-Dawley rats were received 5 types of diets for 6 weeks: normal diet group (NOR), high cholesterol diet group( cholesterol and sodium cholate, CON), normal diet and PAE 70 mg/kg administered group(S1), high cholesterol diet and PAE 140 mg/kg administrated group(S2), and high cholesterol diet and PAE 140 mg/kg administered group(S3). Body weight gains of the CON were significantly increased compared to those of S1, S2 and S3. Activities of serum AST and ALT were tended to be increased in CON compared with NOR and reduced by the PAE administration. Concentrations of serum total cholesterol, free cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and the atherogenic index were tended to be decreased in the PAE administered groups compared with the CON. HDL-cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations were significantly decreased in the CON and markedly increased by the PAE administered groups. Taten together, it is suggested that the ethylacetate fraction of Plantanin exerts antiatherosclerotic effect by reducing serum cholesterol concentrations in rats fed high cholesterol diets.


The correlation between soil pH and the contents of available nutrients in selected soil from three orchards in Wendeng was studied.The range of soil pH value was from 4.06 to 6.59;the ratio of highly and strongly acidic soil among samples was 40%.The relationship between pH value and rapidly available kalium,available cuprum,exchangeable calcium was very significantly positive mutuality,but available iron was very prominently negative mutuality.The pH value didn't correlated significantly or very significantly with organic matter,alkali-hyrolyzale nitrogen,available phosphorus、zinc、manganese,exchangeable magnesium.The average contents of Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn in pear leaves were all higher than their appropriate ranges respectively;Mg was lower;Ca was in it.Application of lime and basic fertilizer was an effective measure to improve soil pH value,continuously fertilize and meliorate the nutrition of pear fruit.


A new diode technology called Emitter Controlled (EC)-HDR (High Dynamic Robustness) that allows a pronounced enhancement in switching safe-operating area has been developed. For the first time, the concept used for this drastic improvement is presented. The same principle has been applied to the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT).


Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) gamma1 is involved in erythroid differentiation, via activation of the Akt/PI-PLCgamma1 pathway, and its increase has been associated with erythropoiesis in MDS cells. On the other hand, PI-PLCbeta1 is a nuclear inositide-dependent enzyme implicated in the regulation of hematopoietic differentiation. Interestingly, PI-PLCbeta1 increase plays an important predictive role in the response of MDS cells to epigenetic therapy. Indeed, PI-PLCbeta1 promoter is specifically hypomethylated by azacitidine, a demethylating agent that is clinically used in MDS to improve patients9 overall survival and delay the AML evolution. Moreover, azacitidine is currently studied in combination with lenalidomide, to sustain both myeloid and erythroid lineages and balance MDS cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the molecular effects of this combination therapy on inositide signalling pathways and microRNA expression are still unclear. This study included 44 patients diagnosed with high-risk MDS who were given azacitidine and lenalidomide. Patients were considered clinically evaluable after at least 6 cycles of treatment. Molecular analyses were performed at baseline and during the therapy. At first, Real-Time PCR and immunocytochemical experiments were performed to determine PI-PLCbeta1 and PI-PLCgamma1 expression. Then, we also carried out cell cycle analyses and studied both PI-PLCbeta1 methylation status and the expression of erythroid-specific molecules, i.e. Globin genes. On the other hand, to further investigate the effect of the combination therapy on epigenetic mechanisms, we analyzed microRNA expression at baseline and during the treatment. In particular, we started by comparing the 4 th cycle of the therapy to baseline, and in case of significant differences, for responder patients, we carried out microRNA profiling at the 8 th cycle of the therapy or during the follow-up. Our study included 44 patients, but only 28 subjects were clinically evaluable, with an overall response rate of 78.6% (22/28 cases). At a molecular level, a significant increase of PI-PLCbeta1 expression was associated with a favourable clinical response to the combination therapy. Moreover, responder cases also showed an increased expression of Beta-Globin and PI-PLCgamma1, hinting at a specific contribution of lenalidomide on erythroid activation. On the other hand, the frequent demethylation of PI-PLCbeta1 promoter in responder cases could be specifically linked to azacitidine. Furthermore, MDS cells treated with azacitidine and lenalidomide not only showed an increased G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, but also microRNA expression was affected. In fact, responder and non responder cases showed a specific molecular pattern of microRNAs and, interestingly, some of these microRNAs can target or are strictly associated with inositide signalling pathways. Our results show that the combination of azacitidine and lenalidomide in high-risk MDS patients can be important to induce PI-PLCbeta1, and possibly PI-PLCgamma1. These enzymes can regulate cell cycle, myeloid and erythroid differentiation, thus improving peripheral cytopenia. On the other hand, a specific microRNA signature is important to make a molecular distinction between responder and non responder cases, so that their expression or interactions, possibly with PI-PLCs or other nuclear inositides, can be important to disclose new mechanisms in MDS pathogenesis and identify new predictive markers for the assessment of the response to azacitidine and lenalidomide therapy. Disclosures Gobbi: Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Mundipharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy. Finelli: Novartis: Other: Speaker fees; Celgene: Other: Speaker fees; Celgene: Research Funding.


This invention relates to a plane helical microstrip aerials in 3G system mobile terminal, the character of which is that the dimension is small, strip width is up to 250MHz, which can cover all the transmitting-receiving frequency band plane helical microstrip aerials in 3G system mobile terminal. And the mircrostrip aerials al has the double faced medium base board, one face is the spiral medium base board, the other face is the photon with interval medium base board, the base board is 4.9-5.1cm*4.9-5.1cm; on the spiral medium base board there arranges two arms, two borders of the arm are composed of spirals whose original angles' errand is pi/2, and the clearance between two spiral original lines is 0.2-0.4cm, the distance from the spiral original line to the spiral terminal line is 1.2-1.4cm; on the photon with interval medium base board there arranges 6 rectangle holes of 2 rows and 3 lists, the length of three rectangle holes in the 1 rows are all 2.1-2.3cm,and the length of three rectangle holes in the 2 rows are all 1.5-1.7cm. The width of the 1,2,3 list is 0.8- 1.0,1.3-1.5,1.4-1.6cm.


The basic tenets of a cognitive-behavioral model are briefly noted, with consideration of affective, social, and developmental factors. The proposed cognitive features of the model, including the distinction between cognitive deficiencies and cognitive distortions, are presented with a focus on treatment implications. The literature dealing with applications of cognitive-behavioral procedures to the prevention and treatment of children's nighttime fears, fear of dental and medical procedures, evaluation anxiety, and clinical cases is reviewed, and treatment and research issues and recommendations for this nascent area are discussed.


Through analysis some of the examples, in order to research the method of the formation and special features and the construct of the mountain brook in modern Lingna gardens.


Abstract Etching and microscope studies carried out on fragments of crystals of α-quartz indicate that tip stresses of cracks can be plastically relaxed by the formation of dislocation loops, twins and kink-bands. Section views of dislocation structures developed at the tip and along the path of stopped cracks have been obtained after prolonged etching in HF. An example is shown of a strain accommodation by a twin/crack/kink-band situation substituting for a twin/kink-band situation. Some fracture patterns consisting of nodules and hexagons have been observed, and their formation is thought to arise from interference between two closely neighbouring cracks.


Objective:To investigate the diet behavior and its influential factors in adolescent girls,and provide information for nutrition education programs to adolescent students.Methods:The diet behaviors were investigated and analyzed by using questionnaire survey in 685 adolescent girls. Results:4.9%, 22.6% and 28.9% of girls in earlier, middle and later stage of adolescence reported diet behaviors,respectively. There was significant difference in self body image between dieter and nondieter. Conclusion:Some adolescent girls were on diet. Effective nutrition education program should be developed to foster adolescents' healthy eating practice.


Protestantism is habitually seen by the catholic against the background of pluralism, whereas to the pro testant, catholicism is monolithic. The author on the contrary, seeks to show the profound unity which animates protestantism, compared with the diversity of catholicism. It is especially concerned with the operation of this plurality of forms throughout the unity of religion, as also with the tendency to institu tionalise the religious phenomenon whereby church and sect appear as phases. Herein lies a very rich field of development for religious sociology, in the sphere of theory no less than at the practical level.


After explaining why SOI technologies bring higher speed, lower power consumption, higher integration and future CMOS perspectives, this paper addresses the reliability issues at the different stages of the development cycle: SOI wafer, device and circuit design.


This thesis examines the phenomenon of English verbs borrowed into Modern Hebrew, and their integration into the Hebrew verbal system. Focusing on the difficulties which arise when borrowing from a stem-based language into a root-based language, I analyze my data using McCarthy's theory oftemplatic morphology (1989). 1 find that the vast majority of the verbs do not fall into any of the existing verbal templates in Hebrew, but rather select a different pattern, one which 1 argue is based on a historical version of the pi' el verbal template. Additionally, 1 show that recognizability of the source in the Hebrew verb is a strong motivating factor in the borrowing process, and that to accommodate qualities of the source verb, the Hebrew template is acted on by natural phonetic processes, including metathesis. 'lowe many thanks to my adviser Prof. Donua Jo Napoli for her tireless support in bringing this project to fruition, to Hadass Sheffer for acting as a valuable consulting expert and providing me with incredibly useful resources, and Prof. Helen Plotkin for her input, advice, and historical perspective. Thanks also to Prof. Nathan Sanders for writing the custom klf)3X script for the McCarthy Association Diagrams used in this paper, and to Maria Mejia for her valuable input and guidance throughout the writing process. Finally, 1 am grateful to Adina Newberg, Hadass Sheffer, Lihu Ben-Ezri Ravin, and Lani Ravin for giving me the verbs which I use in this thesis.


Today's competitive marketplace demands that CPAs offer clients more than traditional tax and audit services. One way in which CPAs have responded is by becoming broad-based financial advisers. When evaluating what new services to provide clients, many CPAs realize their knowledge of tax matters and their expertise in handling financial affairs uniquely equip them to perform personal financial planning services. Historically, CPAs and PFP have enjoyed a special relationship. For decades, CPAs informally served their clients as financial advisers. This relationship has changed, however, in recent years. Some CPAs now offer fee-based, specialized PFP services and still others are deciding whether to enter this market. CPAs can make a more informed decision if they know * The demographic profile of CPA-financial planners * The types of PFP services CPAs provide. * Ways to develop PFP competency. * Sources of clients. * Factors important to clients seeking PFP services. To develop this information, we conducted a survey of members of the American Institute of CPAs personal financial planning division. The questionnaire was developed by the AICPA planning and research department, the PFP division and a team of Baylor University professors. It was mailed to 1,000 randomly selected members; there were 281 usable responses. TYPES OF PFP SERVICES CPAs RENDER As shown in exhibit 1, page 101, CPAs identified three financial services they provided most frequently: income tax, investment and estate planning. Income tax's first-place finish was predictable. CPA-financial planners attending the 1993 PFP division conference reported that their clients' greatest concern was that taxes were taking a growing portion of their incomes. For CPAs seeking to expand their financial planning practices, the strong demand for income tax planning often provides a link to other PFP services. Serving the financial needs of a diverse clientele requires knowledge of several disciplines. To meet their professional responsibilities, CPA-financial planners must consult other advisers. For example, survey respondents said the adviser they consulted most frequently was an attorney (72%), insurance professional (11%), broker-dealer (9%), other CPA firm (3%), banker (1%) and all others (4%). Perhaps the need for legal documents when establishing trusts, transferring property and preparing wills influences CPAs' extensive use of attorneys. Reliance on insurance professionals and broker-dealers is to be expected. Few CPAs, for example, provide insurance products, and most do not offer their clients investment products and services. Minimal consultation with other CPA firms raises the question: Do CPAs fear losing clients to colleagues with more specialized knowledge? CPAS must decide on the level of PFP service they will provide. Services fall into three general categories: * Consulting--the least complex level--typically involves advising clients on issues such as retirement or tax planning. CPA--financial planners usually recommend a specific course of action to solve a particular problem. * Segmented planning is an intermediate level of service that consists of studying needs and making recommendations for broader areas, such as cash flow and estate planning. * Comprehensive planning--the most complex level--includes identifying and ranking financial goals and recommending strategies to achieve them. This requires CPAs to analyze all of a client's needs. Because of its complexity, comprehensive planning is sometimes offered only by experienced CPAs who limit their practices to PFP services. CPAs devoted 51% of their PFP efforts to providing consulting services. Meeting clients' segmented planning needs accounted for 30%. The remaining 19% involved preparation of comprehensive financial plans. As expected, not every CPA provided all three levels--90% did segmented planning and 72% prepared comprehensive plans. …


The invention discloses different system measuring method and equipment. The method comprises the following steps: a network side informs the up and down conversion information of a terminal different system neighbor cell and/or the network side informs whether the terminal different system neighbor cell is synchronous with the cell; a terminal acquires the data of a time slot or subframe to be measured in a different system according to the up and down conversion configuration information; and measurement is carried out and/or the terminal determines whether synchronous search is required when a neighbor cell is measured according to the synchronous condition of the different system neighbor cell. The invention can reduce the calculation amount of terminal measurement, decrease complexity and improve measuring speed and accuracy when the terminal carries out different system neighbor cell measurement, and also can avoid blindness on operating the terminal.


This study deals with governance, administrative leadership and its relationship to business organizations, and by Shedding light on the concept of good governance and the importance and objectives, as well as addressing the corporate governance good principles and also to address the administrative and leadership role in promoting good governance, in addition to the role of Good governance to the achievement of the partnership between administrative leadership and subordinates business organizations. A researcher, who concluded the study, adopted a descriptive approach to assess the results, including: imperative consideration of good governance imposed on the administrative leadership to achieve the adaptation of the Organization with the new changes, especially in the light of recurring financial crises, which is happening right now in the world, as well as the role of the Governance by bringing in Investments as a result of integrity, transparency and disclosure, which is one of the fundamental pillars of good governance.


This study was conducted to assess the cardiopulmonary and anesthetic effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on Garnett's Greater Bush Baby (Otolemur garnettii).

Anesthesia was induced via face mask in 10 animals, six male and four female, ranging in age from 2 to 8 years (mean weight 1.02 kg), with 8% sevoflurane in oxygen at 2 L minute−1. Animals were then intubated and maintained on a nonrebreathing system at 2.5% end tidal sevoflurane at 2 L minute−1 oxygen for 30 minutes. Induction (time to recumbency and lack of voluntary movement) and recovery time (time from discontinuation of sevoflurane to extubation) were recorded. Heart rate, respiratory rate (RR), end-tidal CO2 concentration (ETCO2), temperature (T) and oxygen retardation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) were monitored every minute for 5 minutes and then every 5 minutes thereafter. Indirect arterial blood pressures were monitored at 4 and 5 minutes and then every 5 minutes until the end of the study. PaO2 and PaCO2 values were recorded at 10 and 30 minutes. Pre (1 week prior) and post study CBC and serum biochemistry results were also compared. Statistical analysis was determined by anova. Results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05.

Induction was rapid (76 ± 9 seconds) (mean ± SEM) and smooth. Heart rate showed a significant increase during the first three minutes, and then significantly decreased over the remaining 30 minutes. There were no significant changes to RR, SpO2, ETCO2, SAP, MAP and DAP during the 30 minutes of anesthesia. PaO2 significantly increased from the 10 minute (326 ± 51 mm Hg, 43.4 ± 6.8 kPa) to the 30 minute (431 ± 48 mm Hg, 57.5 ± 6.4 kPa) sample and PaCO2 values remained similar between the 10 minute (36 ± 2 mm Hg, 4.8 ± 0.3 kPa) and 30 minute (33 ± 2 mm Hg, 4.4 ± 0.3 kPa) samples. CBC and serum biochemistry results were within normal limits for both samplings, however, a significant decrease was noted in the WBC count, Ca, and TP compared to prestudy results. Recovery was smooth and rapid with extubation occurring at 24 ± 6 seconds after discontinuation of sevoflurane.

At the concentration used in this study sevoflurane appears to be a safe and effective agent for induction and maintenance of anesthesia in O. garnettii.


Batch technique experiments were conducted to study the sorption and desorption behavior of chlorobenzene,1,4-dichlorobenzene,1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene on 5 sediments with different natural organic matter(NOM)characteristics.The results showed that the sorption-desorption isotherms of 4 CBs from water on several sediments with various NOM properties exhibited distinct nonlinearity and sorption-desorption hysteresis.The sorption nonlinearity and hysteresis index of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene increased with the increase of the degree of sediment NOM condensation.In addition,the CBs properties themselves influenced the sorption-desorption behavior.The smaller the CBs molecule is,the more significant the sorption nonlinearity and sorption-desorption hysteresis are.


Multiple-electron-beam–direct-write lithography is one promising candidate for next-generation lithography because of its high resolution and ability of maskless operation. To achieve the throughput for high-volume manufacturing, miniaturized electro-optics elements are utilized to drive massively parallel beams simultaneously. Fabrication errors and uniformity of the elements can be serious issues in multiple-beam systems. Traditionally, electron optical systems (EOSs) are assembled and tested directly after the elements are fabricated. The yield by this technique can degrade significantly with multiple beams. In this work, a new EOS design-to-manufacturing flow which takes fabrication errors into account before the assembly process is proposed. The errors and imperfect components can be clearly screened by rigorous electron trajectory simulation. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with an fabricated electron-optical-objective-lens subject to imperfect hole profiles and substrate topography. Simulation results indicate that its EOS performances are acceptable even with significant fabrication errors.


Preparation method and condition of stability of chloral hydrate sample are studied in this paper. Then effective method which can keep standard solution and standard sample for long time is selected.


The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the significance, and to quantify and model the effect, of secondary degrees-of-freedom (DOF) on the response and instability of electrostatically actuated MEMS devices. Also, a novel reduced-order modeling approach is presented, and is used to interpret and analyze the measured electromechanical response of fabricated test devices. This novel modeling approach is shown to be more efficient than current state-of-the-art reduced-order models that are based on voltage iterations.


Established methods for filling through holes in core layers of HDI and IC substrates are labor intensive, multistep processes that rely on mechanical filling with epoxy or paste after conformal through hole metallization, planarization, and a cap layer of electrodeposited copper before subsequent build-up of additional dielectric layers. Additionally, the mechanical strength and thermal conductivity properties of current epoxy or paste materials used to fill through holes are sub-optimal. With recent advances in copper electroplating technology, it is now possible to completely fill through holes in build-up core layers with planar, void-free solid copper electrodeposits, while simultaneously improving mechanical and thermal properties. The use of a single copper electroplating process eliminates the separate filling, planarization and capping steps, shortening the circuit board manufacturing process. This paper describes a novel pattern-plate, Direct Current (DC) copper electroplating process designed for filling core layer through holes in HDI and IC substrates. Copper through hole fill performance for a variety of substrate thicknesses and hole diameters as a function of chemical parameters, processing variables and electroplating equipment design is discussed.


Abstract We examine the effect of Dean number on the inertial focusing of spherical particles suspended in flow through curved microfluidic ducts. Previous modelling of particle migration in curved ducts assumed the flow rate was small enough that a leading-order approximation of the background flow with respect to the Dean number produces a reasonable model. Herein, we extend our model to situations involving a moderate Dean number (in the microfluidics context) while the particle Reynolds number remains small. Variations in the Dean number cause a change in the axial velocity profile of the background flow which influences the inertial lift force on a particle. Simultaneously, changes in the cross-sectional velocity components of the background flow directly affect the secondary flow induced drag. In keeping the particle Reynolds number small, we continue to approximate the inertial lift force using a regular perturbation while capturing the subtle effects from the modified background flow. This approach pushes the limits at which a regular perturbation is applicable to provide some insights into how variations in the Dean number influence particle focusing. Our results illustrate that, as the extrema in the background flow move towards the outside of edge of the cross-section with increasing Dean number, we observe a similar shift in the stable equilibria of some, but not all, particle sizes. This might be exploited to enhance the lateral separation of particles by size in a number of practical scenarios.


The aim of this article is to study the integration among reading, speaking, writing and linguistic reflection activities in high school, considering them as necessary for the expansion of the learners' discursive and socio-rhetorical capacity, understanding the transit of the citizen-subjects through the different socio-institutional spaces for language production, which require multiproficient individuals in varied and specific sociopragmatic contexts. I take as reference the postulations of Marcuschi (2005, 2008), Koch (2003, 2004, 2006, 2008), Koch and Elias (2009a, 2009b), Bazerman (2011), Bakhtin (2006, 2010a, 2010b, 2011, 2016, 2017b), Habermas (2012), Moura (2016, 2017) and Schneuwly and Dolz (2010). For the authors, under different epistemological perspectives, language teaching activities are constituted in the dynamics of social practices (genres). The corpus under study consists of an analysis of the activities developed by a high school teacher in the classroom; These are organized in four (4) moments about which I carry out reflective analyzes, leading me to conclude about the need for integration among the different didactic actions performed both in the classroom and in the school space as a whole, which contributes for the autonomy of the subjects in different socio-interactive spaces.


The number of people with food hypersensitivity, namely food intolerance and food allergies, grows every year. Food intolerance is classified into following types: enzymopathy; leaky gut syndrome; psychogenic food intolerance; detoxification insufficiency and true food intolerance. Food allergens mainly are glycoproteins, haptens or polypeptides. Most cases of food allergy are IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Recent discoveries in medicine, detailing and classification of food hypersensitivity require further researches to develop modern techniques and product recipes with specified properties for consumers with food hypersensitivity. Existing technologies are based on the elimination and or reduction of the content of the allergenic substance in food. The article provides an overview of causes of food intolerance and food allergy, legislative background, a list of food allergens and methods of control, market profile of hypoallergenic produce and scientific approaches to creating hypoallergenic food products based on raw materials of animal origin.


In the predecessor to this paper (see [7]) a family of rational termed series having irrational sums was constructed. These series whose terms, for a fixed k e7V\{0}, were formed from the reciprocal of the factorial-like product of generalized Fibonacci numbers UkUk+l...Uk+n, in addition exhibited irrational limits when summed over arbitrary infinite subsequences of N, by replacing n with a strictly monotone increasing function f:N->N. Owing to this factorial-like form, the argument employed in [7] was closely modeled on that of Euler's for establishing the irrationality of e. However, as a consequence of the approach taken, one needed to restrict attention to those sequences {£/"}, generated with respect to the relatively prime pair (P,Q) with 121 = 1 and |P | > 1. In view of these results it was later conjectured in [7] whether other irrational valued series could be constructed having terms formed from the reciprocal of such products as [//(")... C//(W)+jt, where again / : N —» N \ {0} was a strictly monotone increasing function. In this paper we shall provide evidence to support the conjecture by examining two disparate cases, namely, when / ( • ) satisfies a linear and an exponential growth condition. To help establish the result in the later case, a sufficient condition for irrationality will be derived. This condition, which is similar but slightly more restrictive than that employed in [2] and [6], will be demonstrated, for interest's sake, by an alternate proof based on the following well-known criterion for irrationality (see [8]): If there exists a 8 > 0 and a nonconstant infinite sequence {pnl qn) of rational approximations to 0, with (pn, qn) = l, and such that, for all n sufficiently large,


In this paper, both the performance and stability of luminescent flat plate concentrator (LFPC) plates in combination with mc-Si photovoltaic cells are studied. It is shown that the electrical current of a silicon solar cell attached to the luminescent plate is improved by a factor 1.5 using a LFPC containing a single dye. It is also shown that most of the dyes are not stable in the polymer plates that are currently used. Screening of the stability of several other dyes indicates that the stability is strongly dependent on the type of dye and the polymer matrix, e.g., additives or the monomer residues.


Almost all moral objections to embryo research depend on one version or another of a slippery slope argument. There is one absolutist consideration which may be thought to decide the question independently of that argument, to the effect that the early embryo simply is a human being. But any plausible use of that consideration itself relies on the slippery slope argument. This argument may use either of two ideas (or both): that to distinguish between the two cases is not reasonable or that it will not be effective. The argument turns out to be very largely an empirical, consequentialist argument, and its application to early embryo research to rest on doubtful assumptions.


In the today's world people are interacting less and less time with other people and consequently they tend not to get involved with others' problems or care much about the emotions of others. Hence, this raises an issue of empathy in the modern society. Presently, the subject of more extensive research is the professional aspect of empathy in the person-to-person domain. In our study empathy is viewed as a process that can be affected by external factors. This article demonstrates the results of dynamic variations of empathy which occur in interactions between the personnel and the convicts and persons held in custody. In addition to that we researched the relationship between empathy and psychological defences - to demonstrate how the affective component of one's behavior varies depending on the adverse effects of external factors. Our findings highlight certain aspects of the activity of the penal system personnel, which will be helpful in providing psychological counselling for them. The data obtained make it possible to create new or update existing correctional and prevention programs in order to minimize the negative impact of external factors on the behavior and psychological state of the prison personnel.


The present invention concerns a amplifier (40) CIRCUIT PROVIDING A SIGNAL IN RESPONSE TO AMPLIFICADA an input signal. CIRCUIT amplifier (40) includes an input network (44) APPLYING input signal to at least one step selected from various stages of amplification. NETWORK PROVIDED outlet (48) for coupling the amplified signal AT LEAST TO SELECTED amplifier stage. A control circuit (56) STAGE SELECT PROPER AMPLIFIER IN RESPONSE TO THE VALUE OF DESIRED SIGNAL POWER AMPLIFIED. THROUGH A SELECTIVE ACTIVATION (S) UNICA (S) STEP (S) of amplification required (S) to provide the desired level of output power, you can get a more efficient CURRENT FOR applications requiring an amplifier RUN ALONG linearly ample DINAMICO.


A base rubber composition, and graphene carbon particles, rubber formulation comprising a non-conductive filler particles such as silica are disclosed. The rubber compound has advantageous properties such as a relatively low surface resistivity, which is useful for many applications such as tire treads.


The purposes of this study were to describe the most applicable approach of manus blockade in camel using ultrasound-guided techniques. The study was performed on 40 forelimbs of 20 apparently healthy mature freshly slaughtered camels. Limbs were randomly allocated into 3 phases of the study. Phase-I (n=8 limbs): dissection of both dorsal and palmar aspects to identify the topographical anatomy of the target nerves. Phase-II (n=8 limbs): dissection after US guided needle insertion to confirm the needle insertion position. Phase-III (n=24 limbs): US-guided methylene blue injection using one of three volumes (3, 5, or 7 mL) to establish the ideal injection volume. Our results revealed that the dorsal aspect of manus received its innervation from dorsal common digital nerves II and III (DCDN-II & III) and dorsal common digital nerve IV (DCDN-IV). The palmar aspect of manus was received its innervation from the palmar common digital nerve IV (PCDN-IV) and the median nerve. Under Ultrasonographic guidance, the most applicable approach for blocking the DCDN-II & III is at the dorsomedial aspect at about 8-10 c.m below the carpometacarpal joint (CMJ) and 2 cm medial to CDET. Blocking of the DCDN-IV is performed at the dorsolateral aspect at about 8-10 c.m below the CMJ and 2 cm lateral to CDET. Blocking the PCDN IV was performed at the lateral and palmar aspect at about 10-12 c.m below the accessory carpal bone (ACB) and 5 cm palmar to the imaginary line bisect the forelimb longitudinally from lateral to medial. Blocking the median nerve was performed at the proximal third of medial and palmar aspect of metacarpal bone at about 10-12 c.m below the ACB and about 5 cm palmar to the same imaginary line. In conclusion, four point blockade of the manus region in dromedary cadavers can be achieved by US-guided injection of the DCDN-II, III, DCDN-IV, PCDN-IV, and the median nerve.


The fungal pathogen Microdochium majus, causing snow mould, seedling blight or foot rot results in severe yield losses in small grain cereals. There are few options to control this pathogen in organic production. In this study, aqueous extracts and powders from the botanicals chamomile, meadowsweet, thyme and Chinese galls were tested in vitro against M. majus conidia germination and mycelial growth. Subsequently, powders of three chosen botanicals were tested for their effect on emergence of M. majus infected wheat seedlings from soil in climate chambers. Furthermore, seed treatments with warm water, a commercialised bacterial product and one chosen botanical were tested in a field experiment throughout three consecutive years. Of the botanicals tested, Chinese galls showed the highest efficacy in controlling M. majus, reducing conidia germination and mycelial growth by up to 97 and 100 %, respectively. In the growth chamber, an application with Chinese galls compared with the control treatment increased total seedling emergence by up to 57 %. In the field, yield increase through Chinese galls, the bacterial product and the warm water treatment compared with the control was 19, 10 and 37 %, respectively. This study demonstrated the potential of Chinese galls to control M. majus in wheat.


Effective maritime accident prediction will benefit both maritime safety management and the insurance industry. Due to the complex non-linearity and non-stationarity nature of maritime accident data, its prediction is still a challenge in the research field. An autoregressive integrated moving average with explanatory variables (ARIMAX) model was proposed to predict maritime accidents accurately, and a multi-factor accident prediction framework was developed. Additionally, the impacts of eight influencing factors on the number of maritime accidents were also investigated, and the predictions from the ARIMAX model were contrasted with those from earlier maritime accident prediction models, as well as autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), back-propagation neural network (BPNN), and support vector regression (SVR). The findings imply that an increase in any one of the eight factors may increase the number of maritime accidents worldwide. The ARIMAX model, which incorporates accident factors, is accurate enough to estimate the number of global maritime accidents and outperforms the ARIMA, BPNN, and SVR models in terms of prediction precision and robustness. The ARIMAX model outperforms earlier marine accident prediction models and has good applicability.


The Lah numbers L(n, k) are the connection constants between the rising factorial and falling factorial polynomial bases and count partitions of n distinct objects into k blocks, where objects within a block are ordered (termed Laguerre configurations). In this paper, we consider the q-Lah numbers defined as the connection constants between the comparable bases of polynomials gotten by replacing each positive integer n with nq = 1+ q + · · ·+ q n−1 and provide a new combinatorial interpretation for them by describing a statistic on Laguerre configurations for which they are the generating function. We describe some other algebraic properties of these numbers and can provide combinatorial explanations in several instances using our interpretation. A further generalization involving a second parameter may also be given.


Objective To investigate the effects of edaravone and GMl on vascular parkinsonism.Methods A total of 96 patients with vascular parkinsonism were randomly divided as trial and control groups,with 48 in each.All the patients were given basal medicinal treatment such as levodopa and aspirin,et al.The patients in control group were treated with edaravone injection 30mg in sodium Chloride injection 100ml,iv gtt,bid.The patients in the trial group were additionally intravenously given GMl injection 80mg in sodium Chloride injection 250ml,iv gtt,qd.The course was three weeks.The Unified Parkinson'S Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr grading was used before and after treatment to investigate the effects.Results The cumulative scores of behavior,mind,emotion,daily activity and motor function in patients of test group significantly decreased after treatment(P0.05).Conclusions Edaravone combined with GMl has definite therapeutic effect on the patient of vascular parkinsonism.


Herein, an efficient strategy is demonstrated to prepare a visible-light-driven Nb/Se co-doped BiOI photocatalyst with exposed (110) facets. The results show that its photocatalytic activity is around 17 times higher than that of pure BiOI. This work paves the way towards the fabrication of efficient photocatalysts that have tunable charge dynamics.


Objective To investigate the value of thyroid transcription factor-1(TTF-1) in the diagnosis and biological behavior assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Thirty liver specimens obtained from benign lesions were analysed, among which 25 were hepatic cirrhosis and inflammatory diseases, and the other 5 were adenomas. And there were 176 specimens of liver tumors, among which 142 were HCC (well differentiated, n=12; moderately differentiated, n=57; poorly differentiated, n=73), 17 were intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) and the other 17 were liver metastatic carcinoma (MC). The expression of TTF-1 was examined immunohistochemically in the above tissues, and the difference in expression of TTF-1 among different tissues was examined by Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results TTF-1 was significantly expressed in the cytoplasms of all the hepatocytes besides tumors and liver benign lesions. The expression rate of TTF-1 in HCC was 78.9% (112/142), however, TTF-1 was negatively expressed in ICC and MC(P0.0001 for both). The expression rate of TTF-1 in well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated and poorly-differentiated HCC were 100%, 98.2% and 60.2%, respectively. It was revealed by Spearman rank correlation analysis that the expression of TTF-1 was significantly associated with the tumor differentiation (P=0.0001).Conclusion TTF-1 is specifically expressed in HCC, and can serve as an important marker in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. The deletion of TTF-1 protein may play an important role in the dedifferentiation of the tumor cells.


Changes in local transit passenger flow may cause a spatial spillover effect across the involved regions and affect traffic patterns in other regions. To identify the affected areas and the traffic patterns, this study develops an enhanced spatial vector autoregressive (SpVAR) model to investigate relations in public transport systems in the case of sudden large passenger flow impact. The proposed model captures the interacted correlation within different transit models in separated regions. Three representative commuting regions in Beijing, namely, Zhongguancun, Guomao, and Huilongguan, are employed for empirical study. Results confirm the existence of spatial spillover effect in the commuter regions and reveal heterogeneous effects of multimodal transit system on regions with different distances.


This paper proposes an improved finite element dynamic model to analyze the vibration response of a rolling bearing system. The vibration responses of defect free and defective polypropylene (PP) bearings are analyzed using the finite element analysis and compared with the experimental results using the in house developed bearing fatigue test rig. The boundary conditions of this model are imposed to ensure an adequate homogeneity with the experimental apparatus. This study considers the viscoelastic property of thermoplastic to investigate the effect of the flexibility and damping viscosity of material. The three-dimensional dynamic analysis detects the vibrations produced in a rolling bearing system. Modal frequencies and the vibration modes shapes which must be avoided had been determined. Monitoring the evolution of vibration signatures as a function of defect location is also carried out using Finite Element Analysis (FEM). Test results reveal that peak vibration amplitudes are more pronounced in an inner ring defect than in an outer ring defect. Vibration signals of stainless-steel bearings are investigated to compare the performance of the thermoplastic bearings with its metallic counterparts. Both test and simulation results reveal that a lower level of vibration is observed with PP bearings compared to that of metal. The PP bearings not only dampen vibrations, but also accommodate shaft misalignments unlike their steel counterparts. Once overall vibration spectrums results are validated, Von Mises stresses within the rings are evaluated under excessive loading conditions. The simulation results show that stress is high in raceways where the balls are compressed between the raceways. Computational results agree well with the experimental tests for the test scenarios.


Significant changes in requirements for reading instruction and special education teacher preparation have occurred in recent years due to provisions found in the No Child Left Behind legislation of 2001 and the 2004 Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act. This study examined the preparation for reading instruction that prospective special education teachers received during their teacher preparation and their beliefs concerning their preparation. Reading instruction preparation was examined in the context of the knowledge and skills associated with reading instruction acquired in two required university reading courses. Using a mixed methods sequential explanatory design-participant-selection model (Creswell & Piano Clark, 2010), the role of reading courses taken by current and prospective special education teachers on their knowledge and beliefs related to reading instruction was investigated. Multiple choice and constructive responses on a reading credentialing exam described the knowledge prospective special education teacher have in in four knowledge domains. Further, an additional literacy related course did not significantly predict reading knowledge as measured by the credentialing exam. A questionnaire (n=28) on special education teachers' beliefs concerning their preparation was conducted with follow up semistructured interviews (n=10) with two extreme case cohorts that represented teachers with high knowledge and low knowledge of reading instruction. Quantitative findings suggested that prospective special education teachers acquire significant content knowledge of reading instruction in their reading courses, but may lack the procedural knowledge to apply their knowledge. Moreover, responses to questionnaire items on teachers' beliefs concerning their reading courses suggested that teachers believed their SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHER KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS OF READING INSTRUCTION iii preparation resulted in a lack of procedural knowledge related to creating flexible grouping and differentiating reading instruction for struggling readers. Follow up semistructured interviews identified similar concerns with delivering the reading instruction necessary to address emergent literacy across grade levels and disability categories. Additional reading instructional courses, field experiences, and practicums are recommended to address the need for differentiated special education preparation in the area of reading instruction. SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHER KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS OF READING INSTRUCTION iv


The adoption of systems development methodologies has been a subject for research and a topic for discussion for a number of years. One factor, which is often emphasized, is education and training. However, very little research has been focused on the role of formal university education and the dissemination of systems development methodologies. This is the background for this study. It investigates the extent to which a methodology, as well as its encompassing component methods and techniques, taught at the Copenhagen Business School, has been adopted by students and the organizations they are working for. The main result is that very few examples of direct adoption of the methodology taught have been found, but that the training has in general positive influence on the students' utilization of methodologies. The reasons for adoption and non-adoption are discussed based on a grounded theory analysis.


In Eastern European countries, undercover investigation appears under different names such as: the use of undercover investigators; operative infiltration; carrying out a special mission within an organized group or a criminal organization, the particularities are common. The differences refer to the legal limits of the activity of the undercover investigator as well as to the forms of use of the information obtained. The undercover investigation is mainly applied to the detection of drug trafficking, arms trafficking, corruption and organized crime. So, the types of undercover investigation, resulting from the positive practice of the criminal investigation bodies, foreshadow an efficient methodology of investigating these categories of crimes.


International agendas claimed that a farmer centered approach would help in coping with food insecurity and environmental challenges toward a new sustainable paradigm of food production worldwide. Both bottom-up and multi-stakeholder participation has been suggested in order to improve effectiveness and implementation of rural development policies tailoring them to local needs and peculiarities. Farmers' movements in Brazil have been using this approach for years, introducing agroecology to improve socio-economic and environmental conditions with the aim to obtain territorial food sovereignty for a sustainable production of food. This paper explores this issue focusing on a real case of multi-stakeholder intervention based on agroecology for rural development of the East Region of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The area is peculiar for both socio-economic difficulties of smallholding farmers and for strong environmental fragility. An international cooperation project between Italy and Brazil permitted to boost local stakeholder farmers' networks for an endogenous agroecological transition. Key elements of the intervention are underlined in the paper in order to describe better this practical successful experience.


Rhodium catalysts have been prepared on palygorskite and montmorillonite (clay) supports by reduction with hydrogen (1 atmosphere) at room temperature of a cationic organometallic rhodium compound anchored to the support. The activity of these catalysts for the hydrogenation of liquid-phase 1-hexene remains constant with increase of prehydrogenation time and with re-use for several runs. No rhodium leaching is observed.


We consider a reductive dual pair (G, G') in the stable range with G' the smaller member and of Hermitian symmetric type. We study the theta lifting of nilpotent K' c -orbits, where K' is a maximal compact subgroup of G' and we describe the precise K c -module structure of the regular function ring of the closure of the lifted nilpotent orbit of the symmetric pair (G, K). As an application, we prove sphericality and normality of the closure of certain nilpotent K C -orbits obtained in this way. We also give integral formulas for their degrees.


A survey form was distributed to 262 members of the Contact Lens Society of Australia, and 109 replies were received. The results indicate that the majority of contact lenses prescribed for extended wear were because of patient request or patient convenience. Most practitioners were selective with the types of patients fitted with lenses for extended wear, with 84% fitting this lens form. Those who did not prescribe this lens form were not prepared to tolerate the perceived associated risks of extended wear. Ninety‐two percent of contact lenses prescribed for extended wear were hydrogels, with frequent lens removal and replacement recommended. Sixteen percent of respondents had seen patients with complications as a result of contact lens extended wear. Disadvantages of extended wear are discussed. Contact lens extended wear is apparently losing popularity amongst practitioners.


The author performs an analysis of the power that public entities have, under certain assumptions, to attend their own needs for goods, services and proyects without the need of contracting with private individuals, but using self-provision. The study covers the conditions under which entities can opt for this alternative, the limits that exist for it and the consequences they bring to the effectiveness of the entity's management. In addition, the author proposes considerations that should be adopted by legislation in the field for greater control and verification of the conditions of effectiveness.


As known, physical circuits, e.g. integrated circuits or power system, work in a distributed manner, but these circuits could not be easily simulated in a distributed way. This is mainly because that, the dynamical system of physical circuits is nonlinear, and the linearized system of physical circuits is nonsymmetrical. This paper proposes a simple and natural strategy to mimic the distributed behavior of the physical circuit by mimicking the distributed behavior of the internal wires inside this circuit.


paper deals with a novel interactive approach of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as an optimization tool for optimizing process parameters of rotary furnace. This approach solves a very challenging problem in the area of rotary furnace i.e. selection of optimal process parameters for producing homogenous quality castings. Rotary furnace involves several critical parameters like flame temperature, preheat air temperature, rotational speed of the furnace, excess air percentage, melting time, fuel consumption and melting rate of the molten metal which should be controlled throughout the melting process. In this paper the relation between input parameters such as flame temperature, preheat air temperature, rotational speed of the furnace and excess air percentage is established with output parameters such as melting time, fuel consumption and melting rate. Our model of feed-forward and backward ANN can work in practical scenario of industry by predicting the output process parameter in any number, this also help the decision maker to know the impact of input parameter on output of furnace before actually running it and input parameter needed to fed to the rotary furnace to have output of perquisite parameter. Back propagation neural network is used as a decision support tool. The network maps the forward and reverse relationship between process inputs and process output and predicts the optimal process parameters almost instantaneously. Accuracy of the forecast depends on training of the input parameters and a well trained set of parameters provides high accuracy. Trained network replaces the knowledge of an experienced worker reducing labor cost drastically. The input and output process parameters of rotary furnace used in this work are obtained from the intensive experimentation conducted in the faculty of engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra.


A pillar[5]arene prepared from monomer 1 has four constitutional isomers. Although these constitutional isomers have the same molecular formula, their other properties that we have investigated are more or less different. They have different melting points, different NMR spectra and different crystal structures. Furthermore, the corresponding four anionic constitutional pillar[5]arene isomers derived from these four constitutional isomers showed different binding abilities with paraquat G in water. The association constants of 3a⊃G, 3b⊃G, 3c⊃G and 3d⊃G were determined to be (3.33±0.46)×104 L·mol−1, (5.00±0.63)×104 L·mol−1, (3.33±0.28)×104 L·mol−1, and (1.43±0.09)×104 L·mol−1, respectively.


The article analyzes the text in the modern paradigm of scientific knowledge from the perspective of categorization and pragmatics. A look at the text in a categorical dimension attests to a change in definitions, an expansion of the interpretation of the concept. It is noted that linguists differentiate text and discourse, study the text in semantic, grammatical, pragmatic- communicative and structural planes, study the categorical organization of the text. Focused on what, in addition to written texts, oral texts also attract the attention of scholars. The analysis of the text as an object of linguistic research in a pragmatic dimension is presented on the material of an oral text – a football television report. Football live television reporting appears as a process and product of oral communication addressed to a multi-million audience of game fans. The features of the football television report as a text are explained through a system of text categories with units of a lower hierarchy (according to the concept of A. Yeshchenko) in three dimensions: from the perspective of semantics, from the perspective of communicativeness, at the level of pragmatics. Summarized that, the correlation of text categories of different dimensions serves as a text-constitutive factor.


One summer afternoon, while researching in the Manuscripts Room of the British Library, I came across a memorandum book of India's first GovernorGeneral, Warren Hastings. He lived in India since the 1770s and was an enthusiastic sampler of South Asian culture (as well as an orientalist who combined colonial governance with cultural creation). Included among his drafts of poems, notes on weather, and accounts of meetings was a recipe for chicken kebabs—he called it "Kabaub Fowl"—which called for washing the chicken in salted water, rubbing it with "corriander seed, pepper and garlick" and "juice of ginger, chicory, and figs strained through a cloth" before stuffing it with "ghee and cloves" and roasting it over a gentle fire "until it is done, & looks red."1 Delicious, no doubt, and just as likely never prepared by Hastings himself.