The definition and character of goods information on the network and XML are given out in the paper.According to the requirement of the description and transaction about goods information on the network,the significance of suing XML in the correlate field is analysed.Contemporarily,integrated and unified model of goods information on the network based on XML is founded,including collection,description,analysis,transaction and result output,the detail structure of which is also introduced.


The solar photosphere, chromosphere, and corona are known to rotate differentially as a function of latitude. To date, it is unclear whether the solar transition region also rotates differentially. In this work, we investigate the differential rotational profile of the solar transition region as a function of latitude, using solar full-disc (SFD) images at 30.4-nm wavelength recorded by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUVI) on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory(STEREO) space mission for the period from 2008–2018 (Solar Cycle 24). Our investigations show that the solar transition region rotates differentially. The sidereal rotation rate obtained in the ${\pm}5{^\circ }$ equatorial band is quite high (∼14.7 deg day−1), dropping to ∼13.6 deg day−1 towards both polar regions. We also find that rotational differentiality is low during the period of high solar activity (the rotation rate varies from 14.86–14.27 deg day−1), while it increases during the ascending and descending phases of the 24th solar cycle (the rotation rate varies from 14.56 to ∼13.56 deg day−1 in 2008 and 14.6–13.1 deg day−1 in 2018). The average sidereal rotation rate (over SFD) follows the trend of solar activity (maximum ∼14.97 deg day−1 during the peak phase of solar activity, slowly decreasing to a minimum ∼13.9 deg day−1 during ascending and descending phases of the 24th solar cycle). We also observe that the solar transition region rotates less differentially than the corona.


This special topic session focused on guidelines and tips for current and potential reviewers for the Textile and Apparel Programs Accreditation Commission accreditation process.  The session was divided into five components:  (1)  overview of the accreditation process, (2) planning for the site visit, (3) the site visit, (4) writing the report, and (5) conclusion.


Organic learning engages undergraduates in discovering new knowledge based on prior learning through variety of guided activities that stimulate inquiry-based learning and critical thinking in the research process. Some activities include searching, browsing, accessing, gathering, evaluating, assessing, reflecting, organizing, linking, and synthesizing.  Learning how to access information by using a variety of search strategies as well as delivery platforms such as Google, discovery, individual databases, and the internet can be overwhelming and challenging.  When students discover how to search and access desired sources through a variety of explicitly designed information literacy instructions with clearly defined learning outcomes, they take ownership of developing their learning and research skills. Through organic learning, they experience lightbulb moments, asking questions, discussing topics, and then searching again for more information.  Organic learning unconsciously involves students in self-education, engaging them in the research process without pressuring them to practice redundant, rote exercises. Often undergraduates encounter difficulty in conceptualizing the research process as complex and multi-faceted. The authors argue that organic learning strategies to activate prior learning that builds advanced searching skills and increase new scholarly knowledge.


Atmospheric environments favorable for lightning and convection are commonly repre-sented by proxies or parameterizations based on expert knowledge such as CAPE, wind shears, charge separation, or combinations thereof. Recent developments in the field of machine learning, high resolution reanalyses, and accurate lightning observations open possibilities for identifying tailored proxies without prior expert knowledge. To identify vertical profiles favorable for lightning, a deep neural network links ERA5 vertical profiles of cloud physics, mass field variables and wind to lightning location data from the Austrian Lightning Detection & Information System (ALDIS), which has been transformed to a binary target variable labelling the ERA5 cells as lightning and no lightning cells. The ERA5 parameters are taken on model levels beyond the tropopause form-ing an input layer of approx. 670 features. The data of 2010–2018 serve as training/validation. On independent test data, 2019, the deep network outperforms a reference with features based on meteorological expertise. Shapley values highlight the atmospheric processes learned by the network which identifies cloud ice and snow content in the upper and mid-troposphere as relevant features. As these patterns correspond to the separation of charge in thunderstorm cloud, the deep learning model can serve as physically meaningful description of lightning.


The main work of this paper focuses on identifying the heat flux in inverse problem of two-dimensional nonhomogeneous parabolic equation, which has wide application in the industrial field such as steel-making and continuous casting. Firstly, the existence of the weak solution of the inverse problem is discussed. With the help of forward solution and dual equation, this paper proves the Lipchitz continuity of the cost function and derives the Lipchitz constant. Furthermore, in order to accelerate the convergence rate and reduce the running time, this paper presents a sufficient descent Levenberg–Marquard algorithm with adaptive parameter (SD-LMAP) to solve this inverse problem. At last, compared with other methods, the results of simulation experiment show that this algorithm can obviously reduce the running time and iterative number.


The University of New Mexico Civil Engineering Research Facility (CERF) has developed a means of evaluating the load-carrying characteristics of airfield pavements. The system is based on a nondestructive wave propagation technique and is presently being utilized by the USAF in their airfield evaluation program in conjunction with conventional CBR analyses. The technique involves the steady-state vibration of a pavement section and measurement of wave propagation characteristics for each material layer. Elastic moduli computed from propagation velocities are input to a nonlinear finite element computer code capable of calculating the stresses, strains, and deflections induced in the pavement by single-wheel or multiple-wheel landing gear configurations of any aircraft in the code library. Strains for each layer are then compared with failure criteria, which results in an estimate of the predicted pavement life.


This paper examines the Eulerian notion of infinitesimal or evanescent quantity and compares it with the modern notion of limit and non-standard analysis concepts. The Eulerian infinitesimal, when interpreted using the conceptual instruments available to modern mathematics, seems to be a fluid mixture of different elements, a continuous leap from a vague idea of limit to a confused notion of infinitesimal. However, while the modern notions of limit, hyperreal numbers etc. derive from precise definitions or constructions and are developed within non-equivocal contexts, Euler did not define the notion of evanescent quantity, either explicitly or implicitly: it is substantially a 'common notion', directly derived from the experience of physical and geometric quantities, which can diminish until they vanish. Infinitesimals are fictions, useful instruments for dealing with finite quantities, and thus Euler could state that the algorithm of the calculus did not concern differentials but functions. The vague and imprecise Eulerian notions can be reformulated in modern terms only by introducing extraneous elements into Euler's work and changing the logical and conceptual frame-work of his mathematics.


Money and value are traditional subjects of economic thought. The aim of this
paper is to understand inflation as an outcome of the relation between these subjects.
It starts from a concept of money and an interpretation of the social genesis of money
from the very begining of human society and the formation of social rules. Following
Marx, it considers the law of value as the regulator of economic life under capitalism.
As money is the agent of the law of value, the forms of money are determinants of
the efectiveness of this law. The rules of price formation as well as those of economic
agents' income determination depend on the forms of money. That is the source of
today's inflation.


In allusion to the problem of warship electronic equipments spare parts optimize,the text analyses genetic algorithm and neural network,makes use of virtue in strong entire search ability of genetic algorithm,optimizes neural network,researches mixed genetic algorithm based on genetic algorithm and neural network,and sets up warship electronic equipments spare parts optimize model based on genetic algorithm and neural network,this model can improve rapidity and precision of spare parts optimize efficiently through the example.


The correlation of a.c. arc stability with coating components was studied using uniform design method. The mathematical model was established, and the variance analysis indicates that the equation is highly effective. 2 typical examples of many schematic diagrams were also given, which can reveal the affected laws of 11 coating components and their interactions on the arc stability. According to the mathematical model, the arc stability can be forecast or the coating components can be controlled. And the effects of coating components on the arc stability can be analyzed directly by the diagrams.


The campaign life duration of a blast furnace is mainly determined by the condition of the refractory lining in heavy-duty zones such as the hearth, bosh, belly and lower stack. To achieve a desired lifetime, the temperature of the lining in these areas thereby proved to be the decisive controllable parameter. Low operating temperatures result in prolonged service life and are attained through high cooling efficiency. Besides the refractory grade chosen, the wear profile is mainly determined by the type of cooling system applied and the cooling intensity. Therefore, an appropriate compromise between long service life and energy losses has to be found in each case. In order to predict the service life of a lining it is important to know the wear condition at all times during the campaign. The paper describes the approaches the authors have made so far on European blast furnaces, on a theoretical and practical basis, on how to analyze the lining wear.


[Objective] To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) in aging kidney of adult rats and the role of them in aging. [Methods] To select 3-month (n=6) and 12-month (n=6) rats as control groups, 24-month (n=6) rats as observation group. The RNA of the renal tissue was extracted. Then the level of VEGF mRNA in kidney was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); the expression of VEGF and VEGFR in glomerulus were determined by immunohistochemistry. Total quantity of VEGF in culture fluid of renal tissue was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). [Results] Total quantity of VEGF in 3-, 12-, and 24-month rats were 126.49±32.29, 95.14±49.17, and 79.21±61.17, respectively (P=0.048). The expression levels of VEGF mRNA in 3-, 12-, and 24-month rats were 0.821±0.132, 0.713±0.143, and 0.678±0.126, respectively (P=0.012). VEGF mRNA and total quantity of VEGF in 24-month rat group were lower than those in 3-month and 12-month rat groups (P 0.05). VEGF and VEGFR in 24-month rats group were lower than the other two groups. [Conclusion] The level of VEGF mRNA and quantity of VEGF are decreased with age. Expression of VEGF and VEGFR in glomerulus is decreased with age. These suggest VEGF-VEGFR system play an important role in aging progression of kidney.


MADAM, In a previous study (Ryatt, Sralham & Rowell, 1984), a 2-h short cotitact regime using dithranol in Lassar's paste was found to be as efFcctive in clearing psoriasis as the 24-h contact period of the standard Ingram regime, which in turn was more effective than a 10-20 min contact period using dithranol in a base of soft paraffin (Statham, Ryatt & Rowell, 1984). A previous attempt to hasten the clearance of psoriasis by using high dithranol concentrations was hampered by increased irritancy (Marsden et al., 1983); however, these authors were using a base of emulsifying ointment. We have found Lassar's paste to be more satisfactory in terms of its effect of localizing the dithranol to lesional skin which reduces the irritant effect; it is also easily removed with arachis oil. We decided, therefore, to compare higher dithranol concentrations (up to 12",,) with our standard concentrations (up to 2",,) using a base of hard Lassar's paste and a contact time of 30 min. In a second study, a twice daily 2-h contact period was compared with the 24-h contact period of the standard Ingram regime. It was considered that twice daily therapy might hasten the rate of clearance in those patients undergoing in-patient dithranol therapy for social or medical reasons. In both studies 10 patients with symmetrical plaque psoriasis were treated, with random allocation of treatment schedules to opposite limbs following our earlier methodology (Ryatt, Statham & Rowell, 1984). The treatment schedules are shown in Table i.


Description of a method that makes it relatively easy to ask essay and multistep examination questions in a way that promotes creative analytical thinking while reducing student test anxiety.


In the set of graphs of order n and chromatic number k the following partial order relation is defined. One says that a graph G is less than a graph H if ci(G) ≤ ci(H) holds for every i, k ≤ i ≤ n and at least one inequality is strict, where ci(G) denotes the number of i‐color partitions of G. In this paper the first ⌈ n/2 ⌉ levels of the diagram of the partially ordered set of connected 3‐chromatic graphs of order n are described. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 210–222, 2003


Commonly adopted storage techniques to reduce CO2 concentration in the atmosphere have significant limitations in terms of cost, monitoring and safety. Thus, innovative techniques such as carbonation involving the reaction of CO2 with some silicate minerals have been proposed. The carbonation ensures permanent fixation rather than the temporary storage and hence provides safe, low-cost and sustainable method for storing CO2. Moreover, the resulting carbonate minerals are stable over geological time periods. Because of its favourable geological setting, Saudi Arabia has a considerable potential for carbonation minerals. Such minerals are associated with ultramafic and mafic igneous rocks within the Arabian Shield which covers extensive areas in the western part of the country. After describing the carbonation process and suitable minerals, their spatial distributions in various rock types are outlined. Finally, the in-situ carbonation of these minerals and the expected benefits are discussed.


The spindle system will vibrate due to mass unbalance during high speed operation, which will affect the machining accuracy. In order to compensate the dynamic balance quality of unbalanced vibration, spindle dynamic balance processing can be carried out. In the process of dynamic balance processing, the extraction of unbalanced vibration signal is the key to affect the balance quality. The vibration signal extraction experiment of high-speed spindle was carried out by using all-phase FFT method. The vibration signal extracted by the all-phase FFT method is taken as the input of the influence coefficient method, and the amplitude of vibration is obviously reduced, and the balance precision reaches 65.21%. Compared with the cross-correlation method, the unbalanced vibration is effectively suppressed. The results show that the all-phase FFT method has the characteristics of stability and high balance precision, and can be applied to the vibration signal extraction of high-speed spindle and the vibration signal extraction of rotary subclass.


protection in China. He has contributed to both Chinese and English journals on China studies, with recent works appearing in Asian Affairs, Asian Survey, and the Review of Central and East European Law. The author would like to express his gratitude to Professor Bill Brugger for his help in preparing and revising this paper. He would also like to thank Professor Jonathan Unger and Dr. Keith Forster for their comments on earlier drafts. In late 1978, Deng Xiaoping expressed a desire to create a &dquo;socialist legal order&dquo; and jurists began to reconsider the Marxist theory of law and tradition of legal studies inherited from Stalin's Soviet Union. The task was to establish a Chinese tradition of legal studies fanie) which viewed law in a broader and more constructive light than the old instrumental Marxist orthodoxy. Deng's project gave rise to major contention after 1979 between radicals and traditionalists. There were three debates. The first arose when radicals tried to eradicate what was called &dquo;the rule of persons&dquo; in favor of &dquo;the rule of law&dquo;. The former concept, stressing the incompatibility of formal law and socialism, was critized and an attempt made to place law in a &dquo;socialist&dquo; context. The second debate stressed the out-dated nature of traditional Marxist legal studies and their inability to offer an adequate explanation of &dquo;socialist law&dquo; in a situation where class confrontation had &dquo;basically come to an end&dquo;. This led to the third debate which was the most fundamental where the &dquo;class nature of law&dquo; was challenged. This attack on &dquo;instrumentalism&dquo; (i.e. law used as an instrument for the suppression of class enemies) was unprecedented and ideas about the &dquo;social nature&dquo; of law were truly radical. Could orthodox Marxists believe in the de-politicisation of law? At least, attempts were made to persuade them by reference to current Chinese social and economic realities under the rubrics of a &dquo;socialist legal system&dquo; and a &dquo;socialist system of legal studies with Chinese characteristics&dquo;. The aim was to create a new legal &dquo;ideal-type&dquo;. This article examines these debates and the faltering attempts to create a new legal theory.


The two major schools of psychology which prevail in the college and university education channels of the world today in relation to understanding human behavior and health care are:(1) Second Force Psychology embraced largely by Psychiatry, and (2) Third Force Psychology embraced by Psychology. The basic thrust for change of individuals in theory for both disciplines come largely from internal sources-a thinking and planning individual; as opposed to the psychologist or psychiatrist doing the thinking and imposing of ideas on them in some external fashion. Second Force Psychology Second Force Psychology serves as the basic theory underlying Psychoanalysis where "free association" serves as the basis for an internal "thrust" and change in relation to management, care, and understanding of human behavior by a psychiatrist. Patient is not asked questions, but simply asked to talk about anything that first comes to mind--people tend to reveal where discomforts are greatest. Underlying the basic need for change is the patient's personal experience of discomfort and pain from sources hidden deep in the unconscious that served to prevent full utilization of one's potential in relation to the world of work or play. Psychoanalysis serves as the means to bring to conscious level the nature and degree of such hurts, and then to assist the individual, through their own personal actions, to consciously deal with such discomforts. Here the main thrust for change focuses squarely on the cognitive dissonance elements creating the discomfort. Typically such elements are "negative" in nature, and the task of the individual is to change the negative aspects of such elements to positive forces in one's life. The Psychiatrist always plays a rather passive type, but often a very cunning role helping the individual plan and implement an acceptable mode for the change process--one that holds promise for eliminating the cognitive dissonance present (Festinger, 1957, and Taylor, 1962). Third Force Psychology Third Force Psychology, only old since the 1960s, is clearly embraced by psychology throughout the colleges and universities of the world today, and is characterized as being "Person Centered" in nature. The basic characteristic for change in Third Force Psychology are planned to be internal in nature, and to be created and implemented by a thinking and planning individual; as opposed to the psychologist, counselor, or other external source. This means that the individual by own self must be involved and remain the "center" for the development of such change. The dynamics that serve as the basic for change are typically positive in nature as described in the "The Personal Development Test" (Cassel, and Chow., 2001); as opposed to the relief from "Cognitive Dissonance" in Psychoanalysis which is negative in nature. In Third Force Psychology the Psychologist plays a very active role in the change process, but always fully accepting the idea that effective change comes from a thinking and planning individual. The Psychologist typically plays a primary role in the interpreting whether or not the personal designed plan, or mode for action of an individual meets the requirements for Third Force Psychology--does it lead to the personal development or learning of individual(s) involved. Personal development and learning are so intimately related that you can not have one without the other, and the personal development comes first (Maslow, 1959, Rogers, 1945, and Cassel, 2000a). First Force Psychology In full contradiction to Second and Third Force Psychology the thrust for change in First Force Psychology is essentially imposed by some person external to the individual or individuals involved. It means that the thinking and planning for such change, plus the actual implementing of the change process is always external to individual or individuals involved. In Second and Third Force Psychology the individuals involved are always center to the process, and where they alone do the thinking, planning, and actual implementing of thrusts for change. …


This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Sweet & Maxwell in The Law Quarterly Review, Vol. 131, pp. 515-519. The full text may be found via Westlaw UK (http://legalresearch.westlaw.co.uk/), with a valid subscription.


This study is carried out to analyze the translation method used by the translator(s) in national herbal products. Descriptive qualitative approach was applied. 20 labels of Indonesian national herbal products containing 92 sentences were chosen purposively as the subjects of this study. The object of this research is the Indonesian-English translation found in the national herbal products. The writer used documentation technique in collecting the data. The collected data were analyzed and classified based on the combination of translation method from Larson and Newmark's theory. The result showed that there were 20 sentences in the composition part consisting of non-translated translation (50%), literal translation (25%), communicative translation (20%), and free translation (5%). While in the function part, there were 27 sentences consisting of free translation (40.74%), word- for-word translation (29.63%), communicative translation (25.93%), and literal translation (3.70%). Then in the direction part, 45 sentences consisting of free translation (77.78%), word-for-word translation (17.78%), and literal translation (4.44%). The translation method mostly used in the composition part was non- translated translation, while in the function and direction part, the translation method mostly used was free translation.


Introduction: The world is facing a public health emergency due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and on March 20th, 2020, COVID-19, the disease caused by this virus, was considered to be community transmission throughout Brazil. As the incidence, mortality and lethality of COVID-19 are not homogeneous for all countries or regions within the same country, it is essential to monitor the profile of epidemiological indicators in Brazil in relation to the world. Objective: This research aims to know the epidemiological characteristics of the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing data from Brazil with the total world data from countries with registered cases. Methods: The data used to calculate the incidence, mortality, lethality, percentage of recovered and active cases were obtained from Johns Hopkins University & Medicine Coronavirus Resource Center, between March 23rd and April 21st of 2020, totaling 30 days. Statistical tests of correlation and comparison of means were used to evaluate the relationship between incidence and mortality rates, the evolution of the epidemiological indicators over time and to make a comparison between Brazil and the world. Results: The curves of incidence, mortality, lethality and percentage of cases recovered in Brazil and in the world were relatively parallel at first, with lower values for Brazil compared to the world (p < 0.05). Unlike the other indicators, the percentage of the active cases was higher in Brazil than in the world (p < 0.05). There was also a trend of approximation of the curves throughout the evaluated period and a directly proportional positive correlation between incidence and mortality rates in the world and in Brazil (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The data analysis showed an expansion of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil, revealing the importance of establishing preventive measures aiming to control the infection rate by flattening the epidemiological curves and, finally, avoiding the collapse of local and regional health services.


The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound (V) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/a, a= 15.225(2), b= 7.110(1), c= 7.677(1)A, β= 93.80(8)°, Z= 4. The structure was solved from diffractometer data by direct phasing techinques, and refined by weighted full-matrix least-squares methods to a final R value of 3.6% for 861 observed reflections. The non-planarity of the molecule results from puckering at N(CO2Me) and torsions of the methoxycarbonyl and ethylene moieties. Further asymmetry results from unequal thioureido C–N bonds: C–N(Me) 1.336(4), C–N(CO2Me) 1.412(3)A.


This paper uses goal setting theory to analyze the relationship between college English teachers′ goal setting and their classroom behaviors,applying two effective questionnaires.Goal Setting Questionnaire and QTI(Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction),to the subjects tested(some college English teachers).The figures acquired from the questionnaires were processed by SPSS 11.0 to learn the correlation between goal setting and classroom behaviors.The conclusion is that college English teachers′ goal setting is closely related to most of their classroom behaviors.Thus,efforts must be made to reduce the negative factors that affect teachers′ goal setting,so that teachers can behave better in classroom teaching process so as to achieve better teaching results.


In this paper, we discuss a multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay system with direct link based on ordered Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP). THP with fairness-guaranteed power loading is applied with both zero-forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) criteria. The direct and relay links are combined to obtain the diversity gain. The maximum ratio combining (MRC) weights are derived. Applying the modified V-BLAST ordering algorithm to choose the best order of interference pre-elimination, the proposed scheme can improve the average bit error ratio (BER) performance.


Abstract. Fifty‐one elective high risk transplantations were matched according to HLA/DR antigens and RFLP‐subtypes. The 18 months survival of the grafts are 93% in the matched group compared to 50% in a non‐matched compatible historical control group.


The distributions of Hydro-chemical parameters viz. Temperature, Salinity, Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), nutrients [NO2-N, NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4-P, SiO4-Si, Total nitrogen (TN), Total phosphorous (TP)] and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) were studied in the Mahanadi river and costal environment of Paradip in two different seasons i.e. post-monsoon and summer during year, 2009-2011. Results of nutrient concentrations were exhibited higher indicating that large inputs possibly from two major fertilizer plants, municipal sewage from Paradip town and agricultural runoff. The most of nutrients variation were showed higher values during post-monsoon in estuary as compared to the costal transect stations. The PO4, TN, TP and SiO4-Si showed a well-defined pattern of distribution with higher concentration in estuarine water of Mahanadi estuary during summer.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to important new guidance from the GMC (General Medical Council) on the care of children and young people and its implications for updating and reviewing existing policies and practice.Design/methodology/approach – The paper assesses the applicability of new GMC guidance, 0–18 Years: Guidance For All Doctors, with regard to several aspects of healthcare professionals' responsibilities to children and young people – communication, immunisation and safeguarding children. Its compatibility with existing key guidance from the Department of Health is also examined.Findings – The GMC's new booklet enhances and updates previously existing guidance regarding the care and treatment of children and young people. This is an opportunity for healthcare professionals to review their own practice, update their knowledge and improve their procedures and protocols where applicable.Originality/value – This paper offers a viewpoint that should encourage healthcare pro...


The US DoD has introduced Electronic Commerce and related technologies into their defense procurement reform.This proves to be more efficient and economic,and has laid a foundation for the realization of paperless procurement.By analyzing the US DoD experiment,this paper demonstrates the feasibility of introducing Electronic Commerce technologies into China's weaponry construction step by step.


111. Duties of a Colonial Lunacy Commissioner. 1n all probability the duties of an inspector of asylums in such a colony as New Zealand will be much more numerous, arduous, and varied than those of a British Lunacy Commissioner, and a so somewhat different in kind. For instance, he is likely to be called upon to act as his own secretary and clerk; he will have no colleague, proper office-provision. In other words, he will be expec e himself to constitute a board of lunacy ! His duties of inspection will involve a large amount of travel,1 mostly by sea m stoimy wea ler frequently, and on dangerous coasts. He will he called upon tor numerous reports, which will be the subject of keen criticism by ?ie abounding newspaper press of the country?a press which lias no respect of persons "?and by parvenu settlers, determined to ge their money's worth out of a paid government official. 14 lie is o discharge his duties properly, it will also fall to him to collect, tabulate, and generalize from the statistics of the different provincial asylums now existing, or that must shortly be erected. lie will be appealed to by the authorities of these asylums for advice on all manner of details, involving him in a large correspondence. lie Will be summoned to all sorts of official interviews?with


To continue our investigation into the chemistry of furan derivatives [1, 2], we have synthesizedfurylphenylketone bearing nitro-group in the ortho-position of benzene ring. We developed reactionconditions for preparation of this compound smoothly and in rather high yield.To an ice-cooled solution of ketone 1 (1.00 g, 4 mmol) in glacial acetic acid (10 mL) red fuming nitric acid(1 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was kept at 0 °C for 10-15 min (TLC monitoring) andthen poured into water. The precipitate obtained was filtered off and air-dried. Recrystallization fromethanol with charcoal afforded nitroketone


Standardized radiographs were made to analyze quantitative values of bone mineral in a longitudinal study. The quantitative density values of the interdental bone were measured with a densitometer on radiographs. A comparison was made between the density (blackening) as produced by a simultaneously exposed Aluminum calibrating wedge and the points of interest on the radiograph. The radiographic bone densities were expressed in equivalents of mm Aluminum (Al eq values). The total experimental error from the positioning of the radiographs and the microdensitometric procedure was determined and a variation coefficient of 4% was found. To test the usefulness of this method a patient with periodontal disease was selected. In this single case the radiographs did not show visible changes after 21 months, whereas a significant decrease in Al eq values could be detected in the top of the interdental alveolar bone mesial and distal of a selected mandibular molar. The method seems promising for evaluating the respon...


Ensuring environmental safety is a serious problem that can be solved through environmental policy. The article considers the ecological efficiency of the systemic approach to the implementation of environmental policy in the context of the Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation. It is shown that the main feature of the Corporation's environmental policy is a systematic approach, which consists in the implementation of the following principles: planning, implementation, reporting, control, and continuous improvement of environmental performance based on these principles. A decrease in the collective dose of personnel radiation exposure from 206.2 to 113.7 mSv during 15 years and a reduction of all types of harmful impact on the environment is shown based on experimental data. Implementation of the Federal Target Program for 2008-2015 allowed increasing the area of the rehabilitated territories almost twice, disposal of the spent fuel assemblies – by 1.2 times, number of the liquidated dangerous objects – by 1.3 times. The ecological efficiency of the implementation of the systemic approach in the environmental policy of the Corporation is shown based on specific factors indicating reduction of hazardous substances' emissions, discharges into water bodies, and waste generation, as well as factors indicating the efficiency of liquidation of the nuclear industry hazardous facilities and rehabilitation of radiation-contaminated areas. The systemic approach and high environmental efficiency performance allow recommending the Rosatom's best practices for the environmental policy implementation in other energy and industrial sectors.


We have synthesized a CaMgSi 2 O 6 :Eu 2+ blue phosphor via a solid-state reaction method. The CaMgSi 2 O 6 :Eu 2+ phosphor has monoclinic structure with a space group of C2/c (15), and an emission band peaking at 450 nm (blue) due to the 4f 7-4f 65d transition of the Eu 2+ ion. The emission intensity at 100℃ is 54% of the value at room temperature. A white LED was fabricated by integrating a UV LED (400 nm) with our blue phosphor plus two commercial green and red phosphors. The white LED shows a color temperature of 3500 K with a color rendering index of 87 (x = 0.3936, y = 0.3605), and a luminous efficiency of 18 lm/W. The white LED shows a luminance maintenance of 97% after operation at 350 mA for 400 hours at 85℃.


By analyzing the character and requirement of domestic and foreign control system of welding robot, considering the apply condition of embedded system and critical requirement, the control method is designed based on wince open-ended operating system.The operation system,including Software Architecture、communication mode and human-computer interaction was developed to realize the trajectory planning of arc welding robot. The system has been successfully used in auto welding line for Chery Automobile Company.


The most valuable treatment objective in dental practice is to afford the patient a pain-free treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the use of low-power laser irradiation and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium, as dental analgesic postoperative tools. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients undergoing nonsurgical extraction of lower third molar with local anaesthesia (2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:80.000) were enrolled in this study. Sixty received a preoperative single dose of 100 mg diclofenac sodium; thirty patients of them had postoperative low power laser irradiation in addition. They were compared to a third group with only regular postoperative recommendations (30 patients). Results showed that low-power laser irradiation significantly reduced postoperative pain intensity than in patients pre-medicated with diclofenac alone, or depend only on regular recommendations (controls).In conclusion: We suggested that the use of low-power laser irradiation enables the best postoperative analgesic effect and the most comfortable postoperative course after non surgical extraction of lower third molar than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or regular postoperative treatment. [Hanaa El Shenawy; Neveen Helmy Aboelsoud; Ahmed Abbass Zaki; Mohamed El Zawahry; Amr Shaibeta. Postoperative Pain Control in Patients after Lower Third Molar Extraction.  Journal  of  American  Science 2010;6(11):1068‐1072]. (ISSN: 1545‐1003). (http://www.americanscience.org).


This study aims to determine the map of research developments regarding Musyarakah contracts at Islamic Financial Institutions with a VOSviewer bibliometric study and a literature review study. The research was carried out for a period of 17 years from 2005 to 2021 by searching through the Garuda website (Garba Reference Digital) for the key to Musyarakah. And obtained 310 research articles. The search results were then analyzed descriptively and inputted to find out the visualization of the mapping of the development of topics and research subjects around the Musyarakah contract. The results of the study indicate that the number of publications regarding Musyarakah contracts has increased significantly every year, and based on the results of mapping visualization using VOSviewer, research on Musyarakah contracts is divided into 5 clusters. Meanwhile, based on the results of the literature review, there are 8 main themes and 124 research topics regarding Musyarakah contracts at Islamic Financial Institutions. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peta perkembangan penelitian seputar akad Musyarakah pada Lembaga Keuangan Syariah dengan studi bibliometrik VOSviewer dan kajian literature review. Penelitian dilakukan selama kurun waktu 17 tahun dari tahun 2005 hingga 2021 dengan cara melakukan penelusuran melalui website Garuda (Garba Rujukan Digital) berkata kunci Musyarakah. Dan didapatkan 310 artikel penelitian. Artikel hasil penelusuran tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif, diinput dan dianalisis untuk mengetahui visualisasi pemetaan perkembangan topik dan subjek penelitian seputar akad Musyarakah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah publikasi seputar akad Musyarakah mengalami peningkatan secara signifikan setiap tahunnya, dan berdasarkan hasil visualisasi pemetaan menggunakan VOSviewer, penelitian seputar akad Musyarakah terbagi menjadi 5 kluster. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil kajian literature review, terdapat 8 tema utama dan 124 topik penelitian seputar akad Musyarakah pada Lembaga Keuangan Syariah.


This paper presents development of a real time remote electrical parameter monitoring system for the single phase supply in the LabVIEW environment. In this paper, the use of SCADA software like LabVIEW along with a low cost microcontroller based data acquisition system is presented for real time remote monitoring of important electrical parameters like root mean square voltage and current, peak-peak voltage, active power consumption and total energy consumed. For implementation of proposed scheme, parametric data values are monitored in the LabVIEW environment for the resistive load supplied from a single phase 220V/50Hz and are continuously stored in MS Excel database for data warehousing. The front panel information of recorded electrical parameter data and waveforms is continuously provided to the remote operator using web publishing tool of LabVIEW. This system can be further modified for real time monitoring of quality of electric supply by measuring parameters like form factor, crest factor, total harmonic distortion, line regulation etc.


In this article, we study and implement a relatively new analytical technique called q-Homotopy Analysis Method on the strongly nonlinear fractional BBM-Burger's equations with dissipative term. We obtain analytically, approximate solutions with two different initial conditions in the form of convergent series with easily computable components. For some special cases on the coefficient of the dissipative term, comparison is made with the exact solution and the solution obtained using other existing analytical methods. Our numerical analysis shows that this method is easy to implement and accurate when applied to strongly nonlinear partial (fractional) differential equations due to the presence of the auxiliary parameter h and the fraction factor.


It was shown that, following the method of Frangois-Franck, 1 between 35 and 55 clonic convulsions could be elicited in cats by stimulating the cortical motor area with the induced tetanizing current before the animals succumbed. 2 Wortis, Coombs and Pike 3 observed that from about 5 to 10 clonic convulsions can be induced by the administration of convulsant drugs such as camphor mono-bromide before respiration fails and blood pressure falls to base line. 4 In this series, which first developed as a set of controls in another group of experiments, I wished to see whether a combination of both methods would be more or less effective in prolonging or curtailing the number of convulsions and the resistance of the animal, than the use of one method alone. Two methods of procedure were carried out. 1. In a series of 10 cats, the motor area was exposed under ether, and the anesthetic then intermitted. After recovery from ether, the cortex was stimulated with a mild induced tetanizing current as previously described. When the cortex had been stimulated from 25 to 40 times, with the usual clonic convulsions, a dose of camphor monobromide which corresponded to about the estimated minimal convulsive dose for the weight of the animal, was injected intravenously. In most cases, it proved fatal. Respiration failed and the animal usually died in tonic extension without the usual typical clonic convulsion, or with only a few clonic twitches. 2. In another series of 12 cats, after exposure of the motor area under anesthesia, with one electrical excitation to make sure the clonic convulsive response was readily elicitable, the estimated minimal convulsive dose of camphor monobromide or absinth was administered.


ABSTRACT Based on numerical simulations, the heat transfer and flow field of a turbine vane are analyzed and the film cooling is improved. The optimization objective is increasing the overall cooling effectiveness with cascade pressure loss factors staying almost unchanged. Thus, cylindrical film holes were replaced by laidback holes and V-crater holes. To analyze the effect of structural adjustment on the vane, pressure distributions, mass flow distributions, and heat transfer coefficients were investigated for internal and external cooling systems. To explain the advantages of shaped holes over cylindrical holes, the flow mechanisms, film superposition, discharge coefficients, blow ratios, and film cooling effectiveness were compared. Meanwhile, the influence of mass flow ratios and mainstream Reynolds numbers was analyzed. After optimization, at the design condition, the overall cooling effectiveness increased by 4.19% on the pressure surface and 1.78% on the suction surface. However, the cascade pressure loss factor increased by 0.26% only.


A chemical (n, m)-graph is a connected graph of order n, size m and maximum degree at most 4. The general Randić index of a graph is defined as the sum of the weights [d(u)d(v)]α of all edges uv of the graph, where α is any real number and d(u) is the degree of a vertex u. In this paper, we give the lower and upper bounds for general Randić index of chemical (n, m)-graphs. A graph of order n and size m is called an (n,m)-graph. A connected graph is called chemical if its maximum degree is at most 4. The Randić index of a graph G is defined in [6] as χ(G) = ∑ uv 1 [d(u)d(v)]1/2 , (1) ∗Corresponding author: email@example.com 1 where uv runs over all edges of G, and d(u) is the degree of a vertex u. The general Randić index is defined in [1, 2] as follows χα(G) = ∑ uv∈E(G) [d(u)d(v)], (2) where α is a real number. The authors of [3, 4] studied the lower and upper bounds for Randić index (i.e. α = −1/2) of chemical (n,m)-graphs, while the authors of [5] gave the bounds for chemical trees with α = −1. The focus of this paper is on the lower and upper bounds for general Randić index (i.e. any real number α) of chemical (n,m)-graphs. Suppose that G is a chemical (n,m)-graph. Let xij denote the number of edges each having end-vertices of degrees i and j respectively, for 1 ≤ i ≤ j ≤ 4. Note that G is connected, x11 is thus zero for n > 2. Therefore, (2) can be presented as χα(G) = ∑ 1≤i≤j≤4 (ij)xij = 2x12 + 3 x13 + 4 (x14 + x22) + 6 x23 + 8 x24 +9x33 + 12 x34 + 16 x44 . If we count the number of vertices and the number of edges in two different ways, respectively, we would then have the following identities,


The aim of this note is to give a Beckmann-type problem as well as the corresponding optimal mass transportation problem associated with a degenerate Hamilton-Jacobi equation <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml">
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper H left-parenthesis x comma nabla u right-parenthesis equals 0 comma">
  <mml:semantics>
    <mml:mrow>
      <mml:mi>H</mml:mi>
      <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo>
      <mml:mi>x</mml:mi>
      <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>
      <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mml:mi>
      <mml:mi>u</mml:mi>
      <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo>
      <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>
      <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>
      <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>
    </mml:mrow>
    <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">H(x,\nabla u)=0,</mml:annotation>
  </mml:semantics>
</mml:math>
</inline-formula> coupled with non-zero Dirichlet condition <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml">
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="u equals g">
  <mml:semantics>
    <mml:mrow>
      <mml:mi>u</mml:mi>
      <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>
      <mml:mi>g</mml:mi>
    </mml:mrow>
    <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">u=g</mml:annotation>
  </mml:semantics>
</mml:math>
</inline-formula> on <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml">
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="partial-differential normal upper Omega">
  <mml:semantics>
    <mml:mrow>
      <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mml:mi>
      <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mml:mi>
    </mml:mrow>
    <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\partial \Omega</mml:annotation>
  </mml:semantics>
</mml:math>
</inline-formula>. In this article, the Hamiltonian <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml">
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper H">
  <mml:semantics>
    <mml:mi>H</mml:mi>
    <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">H</mml:annotation>
  </mml:semantics>
</mml:math>
</inline-formula> is continuous in both arguments, coercive and convex in the second, but not enjoying any property of existence of a smooth strict sub-solution. We also provide numerical examples to validate the correctness of theoretical formulations.


Youngsters are set to have a splashing time in Fleetwood this summer as work begins on a new water play zone.


Abstract In close conceptual proximity to Meister Eckhart, Jürgen Moltmann develops models of thinking, experience and action based on the notion of unlimited time without generally or completely losing the patterns and experiences of temporal (and hence of daily and profane) existence. Temporal experience is not denigrated while contextless (meaning: isolated) experience of »eternity«, although taken into consideration, is not spiritually highlighted. This leads to the concept of a nunc aeternitatis, the presence of eternity. This concept is being reconstructed by means of the practical model of cognitive, emotional and pragmatic allowance, repeatedly taking »realizations«, parallels and equivalents from other religious, philosophical and literary traditions into account.


In the field of yarn dyeing, the most generally employed method is a type of package dyeing which uses a package of cheeses stacked on a spindle made of a perforated tube. In order to understand the process of level dyeing, it is essential to perform a study of the porous flow through the spindle for the cheese dyeing method. In this paper, the axisymmetric, incompressible, Navier-Stokes equations are solved for several spindle configurations using a fully implicit finite volume scheme. For investigating the flow patterns through the spindle, porous diameter and porosity is varied in the present study. The computational results show that the total pressure loss depends only on the velocity of inflow regardless of porous diameter and porosity and a large percentage of the mass flow rate through the spindle is discharged at the upside of the spindle. Therefore, it is required to design a new spindle to obtain the level dyeing.


The maximum yield of trehalose synthase was obtained after optimizing the culture conditions by Corynebacterium Glutamicum. The medium adjusted to pH 7.0, incubated at 34 for 30h, inoculated with °C 1×10/mL, the velocity of rotary shaker was 200rpm and the culture volume was 70mL/250mL produced maximum trehalose synthase activity of 621U/mL.


A new unsupervised classification method of fully polarimetric SAR data based on the PSO algorithm and H/α/A is presented.Firstly,the result obtained by H/α/A classification is used to initialize the clustering centers,and then the fully polarimetric SAR data is classified by the PSO algorithm.Meantime,the Wishart distance measure is employed to improve the performance of the PSO-H/α/A classifier.Experimental results show that the new scheme proposed in this paper can effectively classify the fully polarimetric SAR data.


power plants provides roughly 45% of domestic needs. However, it is well known that lots of waste was also released into the air as coal is burned to generate heat. The unsteady nature in coal composition makes emission control a difficult matter, and coal ore of different origins also exhibits quite distinct disparity. However, we have noticed in the control center most operators opt for maintaining a fixed, steady set of operation parameters. If one wishes to reduce unwanted wastes while not allowed to adjust the operation envelope greatly, then all he can do is try to mix and therefore alter the composition of coal a little. In this study, a scheme based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was adopted to determine for the most suitable range in coal composition from past operation records. The aim is to develop a strategy for mixing coal before entering the burner. The criteria of a best fuel is the one to have lower SO x , NO x , and particulate emissions while maintain a respectable power output.


In order to reduce the impact produced by blasting vibrating on the safe use of side drift and slide as well as on high and steep slope,and at the same time,to improve production process,Lanjian Iron Mine carried out an experimental study on millisecond blasting both in-and-among holes.The practice revealed that the rate of oversize was reduced by 80.22%,compared with the millisecond blasting between rows,and the vibration was reduced by 43.85% averagely,compared with the millisecond blasting between deep holes.The technology could greatly improve blasting effect and efficiency,dramatically reduce blasting vibration,secure the safety use of side drift and slide in its service time and facilitate the protection of the stability of high and steep slope.


Recent photometric surveys of Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) have revealed that the cold classical TNOs have distinct z-band color characteristics and occupy their own distinct surface class. This suggested the presence of an absorption band in the reflectance spectra of cold classicals at λ > 0.8 μm. Here we present reflectance spectra spanning 0.55–1.0 μm for six TNOs occupying dynamically cold orbits at a ∼ 44 au. Five of our spectra show a clear and broadly consistent reduction in spectral gradient above 0.8 μm that diverges from their linear red optical continuum and agrees with their reported photometric color data. Despite predictions, we find no evidence that the spectral flattening is caused by an absorption band centered near 1.0 μm. We predict that the overall consistent shape of these five spectra is related to the presence of similar refractory organics on each of their surfaces, and/or their similar physical surface properties such as porosity or grain size distribution. The observed consistency of the reflectance spectra of these five targets aligns with predictions that the cold classicals share a common history in terms of formation and surface evolution. Our sixth target, which has been ambiguously classified as either a hot or cold classical at various points in the past, has a spectrum that remains nearly linear across the full range observed. This suggests that this TNO is a hot classical interloper in the cold classical dynamical range and supports the idea that other such interlopers may be identifiable by their linear reflectance spectra in the range 0.8–1.0 μm.


This paper examines the weak form of market efficiency of the Nepalese stock market employing autocorrelation test, runs test, variance ratio test, and unit root test on monthly closing prices and market index for the period mid-2003 to mid-2012. The study result reveals that the monthly return series of Nepalese companies listed in Nepal stock exchange, and market return series do not follow any predictable pattern. It suggests that any speculation based on information on past stock price is fruitless. It implies that all information conveyed in stock price in the past are impounded into the current price of the stock. Thus, the opportunity of making abnormal returns based on information on past stock price in the Nepalese stock market is ruled out. The Economic Journal of Nepal, Vol. 35, No. 3, July-September 2012 (Issue N0. 139)


Objective To examine the effects of nifedipine GITS on clinical outcome in patients with concurrent stable angina and hypertension. Methods Data from the double-blind placebo-controlled ACTION trial was stratified for hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg), at baseline. Results A total of 52% of 7665 ACTION patients were hypertensive. Some 80% were on a β blocker; hypertensives were more often treated with other blood pressure-lowering drugs. Mean baseline blood pressure was 122/74 mmHg among normotensives and 151/85 mmHg among hypertensives. Follow-up blood pressures were reduced by nifedipine (P < 0.001) on the average by 3.9/2.4 and 6.6/3.5 mmHg among normotensives and hypertensives, respectively. Nifedipine GITS significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the combined incidence of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, refractory angina, heart failure, stroke and peripheral revascularization by 13% in hypertensives only. Nifedipine significantly reduced the incidence of any stroke or transient ischemic attack by almost 30% in both subgroups and the need for coronary angiography by 21% in normotensives and 16% in hypertensives. Among hypertensives, the incidence of new overt heart failure was significantly reduced by 38% and of debilitating stroke by 33%. Among normotensives, the need for coronary bypass grafting was significantly reduced by 32%. Nifedipine did not affect all-cause death, cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction in either normo- or hypertensives, but increased the need for peripheral revascularization. Conclusion The salutary effects of the addition of nifedipine GITS to the basic regimen of patients with concurrent stable symptomatic coronary artery disease and hypertension emphasize the need for blood pressure control.


In April 2011, the term Industry 4.0 was introduced at the Hannover Fair. PT Yamaha Indonesia was an early adopter, implementing it in their piano manufacturing process. To achieve production targets, it is necessary to monitor the production series, including the assembly of piano components into a complete unit. SAP, a software platform, is used to improve efficiency, with one of its modules being K-STAFF, which has four derivative applications: K-Master, K-Ticket, K-Score, and K-Tiptop. However, the current production process is monitored through scanning input using a SAP derivative application, which is not visualized in the production area, leading to failed targets. To address this issue, a system is required to visualize input scan results to enable direct monitoring of the production process and achieve production targets. As a result, PT Yamaha Indonesia developed the Ratio Set Assy Grand Piano system using the SCRUM method. This system includes an MIS that monitors the ratio set of piano, visualized with Apache E-Charts, manages planning, and identifies priority spare parts in real-time. This research contributes to the development of a more efficient and effective production process


Global monthly estimates of N2O emissions were used to prescribe a three-dimensional atmospheric transport model. The simulated N2O surface concentrations in the northern hemisphere (NH) are in general agreement with atmospheric observations, about 1 ppb higher than in the southern hemisphere (SH). The results suggest that N2O concentrations over strong source regions in continental interiors are much higher than those over oceans. Simulated N2O concentrations in the NH vary strongly with the season, while the measured concentrations oscillate strongly without seasonality. The modelled results for the SH show much less seasonal variation, which is more consistent with atmospheric measurement data. Most atmospheric N2O monitoring stations are not well situated for verifying the simulated seasonality in atmospheric N2O. There is only one continental site. In addition, atmospheric N2O observations from different studies are sometimes contradictory. The difference between model results and observations may be the result of local scale pulses of N2O acting on a much shorter timescale than the time step of 1 month of the emission inventory. Such N2O pulses may cause oscillations of the N2O concentration at the monitoring sites which dominate the large-scale seasonality. It is also possible that source and sink processes other than those included in this study are operating. The transport model does not include a description of the downward stratosphere-troposphere flux of N2O which is greater in the NH than in the SH. The emission inventory does not account for soil N2O consumption in N-limited temperate ecosystems, and N2O emissions during autumn, thaw periods, and from snow covered soils. These potential errors and possible underestimation of N2O emissions from combustion sources may exaggerate the simulated seasonal trends.


Simple relations between the experimentally observable thermodynamic properties and the molecular density of states are utilized to provide a method of accurate evaluation of the vibrational density of states taking into account both quantum and anharmonic effects. The result is a smooth function of energy that represents a local average of the exact density of states. Alternatively, it is shown that the anharmonic vibrational density of states may, at least for the small molecules NO2, HO2 and H2O, be obtained from information on the normal mode frequencies and bond energies if one represents the molecule as a set of uncoupled Morse and harmonic oscillator, where the Morse oscillators correspond to the stretching vibrations.


Abstract Financial accounts can be used in an attempt to paint a coherent picture of the development of the financial system and the financial structure. To date projects related to historical national accounts have – both in Denmark and internationally – only focused on the real side of the economy. The article presents a first attempt to construct a set of annual financial account stock data for Denmark for 1875–2005. Furthermore, the article addresses some of the more methodological and conceptual aspects of using financial accounts as a framework for the organisation of historical financial statistics.


To investigate the efficacy of various doses of plant growth regulators on vegetative growth and pod yield of broad bean (Vicia faba L.), a field experiment was accomplished at Vegetable Research Farm, B.H.U., Varanasi during the winter season of 2019-20. Ten treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. Results indicated that the growth parameters like plant height, number of branches/plant significantly increased with foliar spray of gibberellic acid followed by NAA and salicylic acid. The yield attributes like pod width, fresh pod weight, number of pods/plant as well as fresh pod yield significantly enhanced by NAA followed by gibberellic acid and salicylic acid with various concentrations, respectively. The foliar spraying of 120 ppm GA3 tended to produce plant with maximum height (116.4 cm), number of branches/plant (6.3), pod length (7.5 cm), number of seeds/pod (4.6) as well as early 50 % flowering (57.3 days) whereas, spraying of 40 ppm NAA exhibited the maximum pod width (1.3 cm), fresh pod weight (4.6 g), number of pods/plant (87.5) as well as fresh pod yield (105.0 q ha-1) as compared to other treatments. The maximum net return (Rs. 337326.5 ha-1) was recorded with 40 ppm NAA with B: C ratio of 3.65 followed by 30 ppm NAA and 20 ppm NAA. The lowest net income (Rs. 162382.5 ha-1) and B: C ratio (1.76) was obtained from control. The spraying of NAA was found superior in terms of yield and yield attributes as well as benefit cost ratio followed by GA3 and salicylic acid.


The utilization of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is one of the main contributors to the greenhouse effect, has been a topic of global interest, from both fundamental and practical viewpoints. In addition to be the sources of carbon, CO2 might also be utilized as an oxygen source or oxidant, because it can be considered to be a nontraditional (mild) oxidant and oxygen transfer agent. In this paper, CO2 as an oxidant for the selective oxidative conversions of alkanes to alkenes has been reviewed, including methane coupling to ethylene, C2−C4 alkanes dehydrogenation to their corresponding olefins, dehydroaromerization of lower hydrocarbons to benzene, and dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene. It has been shown that CO2 has the potential to offer a promising alternative to oxygen for selective oxidation, whereas the catalyst development is the key to the applications.


algebra solutions august 2007 1 Engineering Mathematics Volume III (Linear Algebra and Vector Calculus) (For 1st Year, 2nd Semester of JNTU, Kakinada) Engineering Mathematics Advances in Cryptology CRYPTO 2007 27th Annual International Cryptology Conference, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, August 19-23, 2007, Proceedings This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 27th Annual International Cryptology Conference held in Santa Barbara, California, in August 2007. Thirty-three full papers are presented along with one important invited lecture. The papers address current foundational, theoretical, and research aspects of cryptology, cryptography, and cryptanalysis. In addition, readers will discover many advanced and emerging applications. Sparse Solutions of Underdetermined Linear Systems and Their Applications This textbook presents a special solution to underdetermined linear systems where the number of nonzero entries in the solution is very small compared to the total number of entries. This is called a sparse solution. Since underdetermined linear systems can be very different, the authors explain how to compute a sparse solution using many approaches. Sparse Solutions of Underdetermined Linear Systems and Their Applications contains 64 algorithms for finding sparse solutions of underdetermined linear systems and their applications for matrix completion, graph clustering, and phase retrieval and provides a detailed explanation of these algorithms including derivations and convergence analysis. Exercises for each chapter help readers understand the material. This textbook is appropriate for graduate students in math and applied math, computer science, statistics, data science, and engineering. Advisors and postdoctoral scholars will also find the book interesting and useful. Parallel Solution of Integral Equation-Based EM Problems in the Frequency Domain A step-by-step guide to parallelizing cem codes The future of computational electromagnetics is changing drastically as the new generation of computer chips evolves from single-core to multicore. The burden now falls on software programmers to revamp existing codes and add new functionality to enable computational codes to run efficiently on this new generation of multicore CPUs. In this book, you'll learn everything you need to know to deal with multi-core advances in chip design by employing highly efficient parallel electromagnetic code. Focusing only on the Method of Moments (MoM), the book covers: In-Core and Out-of-Core LU


Abstract The problem of order is central to Rousseau's political and social thought. Nature's order has been ruptured by man's unique ability to conceive of order and cannot be restored; only a properly conceived artificial order can be "natural" and remedy the defects introduced by the original violation. This article examines Rousseau's analysis of disorder in society (inequality, injustice, a "state of war") and in the self (three modes of alienation); the philosophical bases of his theory about an artificial order being "natural" and remedying the designated defects; and the rationale of the means of doing so. The discussion involves two paradigms (the body, Julie's garden) and four paradoxes (completing alienation, remaking nature, "losing" the self to restore it, using inequality to establish equality). Rousseau's vocabulary and rhetoric are shown to support this analysis. In his argument, liberty and submission, self-fulfillment and the authoritarian state, nature and culture cease being antitheses.


Microsatellite instability (MSI), which is caused by a deficient mismatch repair system, is seen in most of the hereditary non-polyposis colon cancers (HNPCC) and a portion of sporadic colorectal cancers. Forty unselected colorectal cancer patients were analyzed for MSI using silver stain plus kit. The overall incidence of MSI in studied cases was 17% (7/40). The incidence is similar result with previous study. MSI in colorectal careers was more prevalent in moderative differentiated adenocarcinoma than well differentiated adenocarcinoma.


W E have developed a basic block diagram model to describe the gastrointestinal system and to study the interaction between the various organs of the system during digestion. The primary blocks of the system represent the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, and gallbladder. Excitation signals for the system are the neural (vagus) responses to the intake of food and the volume effects of the constituents of food, particularly fat, carbohydrate, and protein. The initial study proposes that both the concentration of hydrogen ions (or pH) and the volume of the ingested foodstuff stimulate the primary system blocks. The model describes the acid and gastrin responses of the stomach wall, the duodenal hormonal response to the concentration of secretin, and the gallbladder response to cholecystokinin in a total closed-loop configuration.


With the increasing advancement and popularity of electronic media, traditional reading mode and book purchase means have been updated and upgraded. As a big consumer of books, the college student group plays a double- complementary role in the marching force that drives this "revolution". When the habit of holding a book and reading it at night is replaced by web-based virtual environment, readers have sharply recognize such trend, the internet has changed the perception of people on the time-space relationship. It causes changes in the "relationship among  human  beings".  The  characteristics  of untouchable mode for the internet will really impact the daily life of the general public and event invoke our multi-dimension thinking of individuals themselves and external environment. The internet is promoting "him" and "them" to get close to each other with an invisible force and the reading trend of internet literature is emerging gradually.


This article aims to assess the current state of musical activity in limiting stereotypical behavior in 5- to 6-year-old ASD in some special education centers in Hanoi, Vietnam. A number of lessons for teachers in organizing musical activities for ASD children will be discussed. The results of theoretical and practical research indicate that: 1) stereotype behavior has a significant impact on play, learning and social participation in ASD children; 2) Music is the pathway to the emotional world of children, the appropriate use of music will help ASD children to reconcile emotions and reduce stereotyped stereotype; 3) Organizing music activities not only helps children to focus attention, helps children relax, increases calm, but also helps children improve interpersonal skills, group activities as well as language development. speech, body and behavior; 4) The process of organizing musical activities of teachers and parents for ASD children has not had a consistent, clear process as well as coordination among stakeholders has not really tight. Consequently, educators need to continue to research and propose appropriate measures and procedures for organizing appropriate music activities for teachers and parents, which is needed in young ASD intervention centers.


The internet is transforming the business model of the press. Free access to online news, increased competition and the crisis of the media sector has reopened the debate on the future of newspapers in the convergence era. The object of this paper it is to examine the basis of the new business models of the press on the Net. The analysis addresses the revenue sources for online information: advertising and sale of the product. The methodology is the case study, applied to the business strategies of four Spanish digital newspapers: the online versions of two main newspapers (Elpais.com and Elmundo. es) and two pure digital players (Soitu and Factual).


A graphene-based saturable absorber was fabricated by optically depositing layers of graphene onto the end tip of single mode fiber, and it was used to passively Q-switch thulium-doped fiber laser at 2 μm pumped by EDFA. The spectrum of the graphene Q-switched thulium-doped fiber laser and the relationship between the output power, repetition rate and pump strength are studied and presented.


The energy of a graph of a group G is the sum of all absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix. An adjacency matrix is a square matrix where the rows and columns consist of 0 or 1-entry depending on the adjacency of the vertices of the graph. A conjugacy class graph is a graph whose vertex set is the non-central conjugacy classes of the group. Two vertices are connected if their orders are not coprime. Meanwhile, a group G is said to be metabelian if there exists a normal subgroup H in G such that both H and the factor group G/H are abelian. In this research, the energy of the conjugacy class graphs for all nonabelian metabelian groups of order 24 are determined. The computations are assisted by Groups, Algorithm and Programming (GAP) and Maple2016 software. The results show that the energy of graphs of the groups in the study must be an even integer in the case that the energy is rational.The energy of a graph of a group G is the sum of all absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix. An adjacency matrix is a square matrix where the rows and columns consist of 0 or 1-entry depending on the adjacency of the vertices of the graph. A conjugacy class graph is a graph whose vertex set is the non-central conjugacy classes of the group. Two vertices are connected if their orders are not coprime. Meanwhile, a group G is said to be metabelian if there exists a normal subgroup H in G such that both H and the factor group G/H are abelian. In this research, the energy of the conjugacy class graphs for all nonabelian metabelian groups of order 24 are determined. The computations are assisted by Groups, Algorithm and Programming (GAP) and Maple2016 software. The results show that the energy of graphs of the groups in the study must be an even integer in the case that the energy is rational.


Designers of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) face many challenges by being forced to meet product specifications within the limitations of processing and thin-film material parameters. To create a successful MEMS product, there must be collaboration between experts in the target industry and MEMS experts in processing, materials, and other relevant technologies. The use of an integrated CAD for MEMS™ tool by all parties involved can greatly reduce the number of design and fabrication iterations required to successfully commercialize the product. Leveraging Corning IntelliSense's over ten years of experience in the development of MEMS, IntelliSuite® provides a unified development platform for process development, thin-film material engineering, mask layout, and device and package analysis. Here we will outline a proven strategy for cost-effective, rapid product development.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


To address disparities in COVID-19 outcomes among Latinos with limited English proficiency in Maryland, our team developed a culturally congruent intervention that coupled a statewide social marketing campaign with community-based COVID-19 services. In the first year, we reached 305 122 people through social media advertisements and had 9607 visitors to the Web site. Social marketing campaigns represent an opportunity to promote COVID-19 testing and vaccine uptake among Latino populations, especially when they are paired with community services that simultaneously address structural barriers to care. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print January 19, 2023:e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307191).


In this inquiry, we focus upon the question, "Why are political parties more competitive in some states than they are in others?" We have measured partisan competition as the closeness between the two major political parties in the results of state-level elections, and we have chosen to analyze elections in American states in the 1970s. To account for variations among the states on the dimension of partisan competitiveness, we formulate and present four discrete lines of reasoning—including socio-demographics, urbanization, diversity, and the strength of party organizations. We test each of these avenues of explanation in turn, always taking into account the watershed between North and South in partisan competition. The results vindicate the utility of our general approach, although we do find that each of the four modes of explanation is wanting in some respect. In a full-blown multivariate context, we report that educational levels and urbanization do influence variations among states in partisan competition. Equally compelling and perhaps more interesting, the strength and activism of local party organizations in the states profoundly affect political competitiveness, even when we take stark regional differences into consideration.


This article presents an analysis of the structure of the prologue and parodos of Assemblywomen, comedy that marks a transition of greek comedy for showing a changing in dramatic elements, such as chorus and parabasis, which will let a mark to the comedy in another periods.


In this report, we present a number-theory-based approach for discrete tomography (DT),which is based on parallel projections of rational slopes. Using a well-controlled geometry of X-ray beams, we obtain a system of linear equations with integer coefficients. Assuming that the range of pixel values is a(i, j) = 0, 1, . . . , M − 1, with M being a prime number, we reduce the equations modulo M . To invert the linear system, each algorithmic step only needs log22 M bit operations. In the case of a small M , we have a greatly reduced computational complexity, relative to the conventional DT algorithms, which require log22 N bit operations for a real number solution with a precision of 1/N . We also report computer simulation results to support our analytic conclusions.


Introduction Transcranial motor evoked potentials are routinely used at The Children's Hospital at Westmead to monitor the spinal cord in spinal surgery. This study is a prospective review of all spinal cord monitoring procedures from 1999 to 2004 in patients undergoing elective spinal deformity correction surgery at The Children's Hospital at Westmead and Westmead Hospital. Spinal cord monitoring with Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEP) and MEP has been widely used in combination during spinal surgery with good sensitivity and specificity. The use of CMAP as the only modality has not been widely used and its efficacy has not been fully elucidated. Using MEP and CMAP only may increase the sensitivity of spinal cord monitoring compared with combined SSEP and MEP monitoring. Methods The intra-operative monitoring outcomes were compared with patient's post-operative clinical outcomes. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated and determined for our monitoring protocol. Results Transcranial MEPs were measured in 146 patients in 175 procedures. In 2 patients (2 procedures) we were unable to record any CMAPS. There were 15 intra-operative monitoring changes (8.7%). There were no new post-operative neurological deficits. Our results compare favourably to the literature with respect to the false-negative rate or new neurological events. Discussion Using our anaesthetic protocol and spinal monitoring criteria, we were able to successfully monitor patients undergoing elective spinal deformity correction surgery for a variety of diagnoses. The monitoring criteria are sufficiently strict to achieve a sensitivity of 1.0 (95%CI = 0.66–1.00) and a specificity of 0.97 (95%CI = 0.83–0.99). Monitoring of CMAPs alone has been adequate to avoid clinical neurological deficits.


V. R. Sreenivasan, Ph.D., is staff Spectroscopist, Chicago Police Crime Detection Laboratory, Chicago, fllinois. He joined the laboratory staff in 1968 and has been engaged in the analysis of narcotics, hallucinogens, dangerous drugs, paints and other materials encountered in forensic problems. Dr. Sreenivasan is a member of the American Chemical Society, The American Academy of Forensic Sciences, and Applied Spectroscopy. This paper was prepared for presentation during a meeting of Crime Laboratory Chemists in August 1970.


1. We agree that the phrase "children are not small adults" does not reflect the complexity of the different stages of maturation from newborn to adult. Moreover, whereas treatment concepts for bodily mature adolescents are comparable to those of young adults, there is evidence that maturation with respect to physis fusion is even happening earlier in children today as compared with former generations [2]. Thus, a legal cutoff at 18 years is not substantiated physiologically in many cases. Nonetheless, expected diseases and injuries encountered in the paediatric population are generally not identical with those of adults. In this respect, in our opinion the key message that different treatment concepts need to be considered and possibly applied in different age groups remains valid.


Abstract : Few data warehousing systems provide a complete and continuous history of trauma patients from the outset of prehospital care to the point of hospital discharge. Typical prehospital database systems are limited to data recorded by emergency personnel during patient transport and contain a minimal number of data points. This incomplete information provides a snapshot of patient status during the course of treatment, but does not present a complete picture. Furthermore, the lack of patient outcome information in prehospital trauma data repositories severely limits meaningful correlation analyses. This lack of data has consequently led to the development of treatment algorithms based on anecdotal evidence rather than proven statistical methodologies. Therefore, in order to develop more accurate prehospital protocols and algorithms for remote triage, we created a robust system for recording patient injuries, vital signs, interventions, and outcome. This paper describes the Trauma Vitals warehousing system which was designed to provide researchers with a comprehensive database for the continuous capture, storage and analysis of trauma patient data during all phases of prehospital and hospital critical care. Patient prehospital vital signs are recorded automatically to ensure comprehensive data collection. Automatically collected prehospital data is combined with manually entered prehospital and emergency department (ED) hospital data. The system incorporates a web-based approach using a Java applet interface for handling user requests and data management commands to an underlying real time database.


Three-dimensional (3D) deformation of two-dimensional materials offers a route toward band structure engineering. In the case of graphene, a spatially nonuniform deformation and strain are known to generate an effective magnetic field, i.e., a pseudomagnetic field, although experimental realization of this effect in electronic devices has been challenging. Here, we engineer the 3D deformation profile of graphene to create a strain superlattice and study the resultant magnetotransport behavior both experimentally and via quantum transport simulations. We observe a weakening of superlattice features as we increase the magnetic field, which we find to be consistent with competing interactions between the external magnetic field and the strain-induced pseudomagnetic field. Our results demonstrate that strain superlattices are promising platforms to modulate the band structure and engineer the electronic transport behavior in graphene.Three-dimensional (3D) deformation of two-dimensional materials offers a route toward band structure engineering. In the case of graphene, a spatially nonuniform deformation and strain are known to generate an effective magnetic field, i.e., a pseudomagnetic field, although experimental realization of this effect in electronic devices has been challenging. Here, we engineer the 3D deformation profile of graphene to create a strain superlattice and study the resultant magnetotransport behavior both experimentally and via quantum transport simulations. We observe a weakening of superlattice features as we increase the magnetic field, which we find to be consistent with competing interactions between the external magnetic field and the strain-induced pseudomagnetic field. Our results demonstrate that strain superlattices are promising platforms to modulate the band structure and engineer the electronic transport behavior in graphene.


This work specifically aims to provide a fundamental framework, with some experimental validation, for understanding droplet emulsion dynamics in a microfluidic channel with an applied electric field. Electrification of fluids can result in several different modes of electrohydrodynamics (EHD). Several studies to date have provided theoretical, experimental, and numerical results for stationary droplet deformations and some flowing droplet configurations, but none have reported a method by which droplets of different diameters can be separated, binned and routed through the use of electric fields. It is therefore the goal of this work to fill that void and report a comprehensive understanding of how the electric field can affect flowing droplet dynamics.


Vanadium is a β-stabilizing alloying element of the isothermal type for titanium, and aluminium is the only effective metallic alloying element, which stabilizes the α phase to high temperatures. The Ti-6%Al-4% Valloy has a good combination of strength and ductility at low and high temperatures, good properties for corrosion resistance and heat stability, and good performabilities for welding and forming, so that this alloy has been used most commonly.


Observation on feeding ecology was conducted based on the data of Thunnus obesus captured by tuna longline fishery in the western Atlantic Ocean from August,2004 to March,2005.The food items in stomach content of Thunnus obesus consist of Sardina pilchardus,Loligo pealei,Penaeus japonicus,Brama brama,Alepisaurus ferox ,etc.However,these have a significant monthly variation,Sardina pilchardus is the majority of prey(mean= 55.77%) in each month and followed by Loligo pealei.The significant monthly variation of mean stomach fullness and percentage of Thunnus obesus with empty stomach have been observed.In the group of their fork lengths(FLs) less than 100 cm,the percentage of empty stomach is decreasing with the FL increasing;when their FLs fall into 100-150 cm,the percentage of empty stomach is increasing sluggishly;and when their FLs greater than 150 cm,the percentage of empty stomach shows an insignificant variation,mean stomach fullness has a decreasing trend with the FL increasing.Mean stomach fullness has a decreasing trend basically with the increasing of FLs,and monthly mean stomach fullness varies unremarkably and mostly remain to 0.35-0.40.Percentage weight of Sardina pilchardus in major prey groups of each FL class of Thunnus obesus is kept on the level of 50% and more.Monthly Shannon-Weiner diversity index H′ of Thunnus obesus has an insignificant variation and maintains on the index H′ level of 1.6.The index H' is quite stable at the FL in 90-160 cm,and decreasing if the FL is longer than 160 cm.


The aim of this study was to estimate genetic and phenotypic trends for growth traits including birth (BW), weaning (WW) and yearling weight (YW) in Bali cattle. The number of cattle used to determine growth traits of BW, WW, and YW were 235, 215, and 178 heads, respectively. �stimation of breeding value, phenotypic and genetic correlation were calculated by Restricted Maximum Likelihood and General Linier Model (GLM) procedures, respectively. Genetic trends analysis was performed using the regression mean breeding values on birth year. Phenotypic and genetic correlation among BW and WW were 0.10 and 0.08 respectively and 0.90 and 0.70 for WW and YW respectively. The phenotypic trends for traits of birth and weaning weight were constant, whereas yearling weight was fluctuating from 2000 to 2008. Likewise, in the case of genetic trends, the birth and weaning weight were constant from 2000 to 2008 except for WW in 2005, whereas the genetic trends for yearling weight showed a fluctuation of wide range. �ccording to the breeding �alue A v estimated for all traits, the best was the sire No. 0565, whose breeding value for BW, WW and YW were +0.07, +2.79, and +10.25 kg, respectively higher than the mean value of the population. The genetic trends showed that there ha�e been a significant and positi�e genetic impro�ement in all growth traits and indicate that selection would be effecti�e. Genetic correlation between WW and YW was high (0.70) which indicates that the selection on weaning weight might also increase yearling weight in Bali cattle.


Spatial evolution game has traditionally assumed that players interact with neighbors on a single network, which is isolated and not influenced by other systems. We introduce the simple game model into the interdependent networks composed of two networks, and show that when the interdependent factor $\alpha$ is smaller than a particular value $\alpha_C$, homogeneous cooperation can be guaranteed. However, as interdependent factor exceeds $\alpha_C$, spontaneous symmetry breaking of fraction of cooperators presents itself between different networks. In addition, our results can be well predicted by the strategy-couple pair approximation method.


Introduction and Aims: Metabolic syndrome is known to be an important risk factor involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy which is a majorcomplication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. An oral adsorbent AST-120 has been used clinicallyas a medicine for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to slow down the progression of CKD. However, there is little evidence to support therapeutic efficacyof AST-120 forearlystage overt diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of AST-120 on SHR/NDmcr-cp rats, model rats of metabolic syndrome/ type 2 diabetes. Methods: Male SHR/NDmc-cp (SHR/ND) rats, aged 7 weeks, were administered 0% or 8% AST-120 for 12 weeks in their diets. WKY rats were used as a normal. At every 4 weeks, serum and 24-hour urine samples were collected for biomedical studies. We also investigated the dose-response effect of AST-120 administered at 0%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% for SHR/ND rats. The podocyte foot process width (FPW) was measured by Transmission Electron Microscopy as foot process effacement. Monocyte/macrophage infiltration in renal tissues and tubular injury was investigated by ED-1 staining and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) staining. Results: 8% AST-120-administered SHR/ND rats showed significantly lower levels of urinary protein excretion, urinary albumin excretion, and the FPWas compared with SHR/ND rats. AST-120 also reduced the urinary protein excretion and urinary albumin excretion in a dose-dependent manner. The FPW was significantly correlated with the levels of urinary protein excretion (r = 0.9498) and urinary albumin excretion (r = 0.9532). The number of ED-1 positive cells and KIM-1 positive area in renal tissues were reduced by the administration of AST-120. Conclusions: These results indicate thatthe administration of AST-120 at an early stage of diabetic nephropathy has a protective effect on the disease progression.


Current knowledge on the health status of patients (pts.) with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) mainly focusses on physical function and disease activity. Using a generic measure for physical- or mental health (SF36), a hierarchical relationship between disease activity, spinal damage, spinal mobility, physical function and overall health has been demonstrated in pts. with radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA) 1. Disease-specific global functioning and health can be assessed in pts. with axSpA using the ASAS Health Index (ASAS HI), which encompasses physical function, as well as aspects of emotional and social functioning and aspects of activity and participation.To build a structural model that visualizes interrelationships of different patient- and disease characteristics with global functioning and health in pts. with early axSpA.Data of pts. with axSpA from the DESIR cohort was analyzed, which included information on socio-demographics (age, BMI), disease activity (ASDAS), physical function (BASFI), spinal mobility (BASMI), structural damage (mSASSS), disease-specific global functioning (ASAS HI), and comorbidity count. Information on patient- and disease characteristics was retrieved from the visit performed 72 months after inclusion, which was the first time point of ASAS HI collection. A Bayesian network (BN) was used to obtain insight of the underlying structural model. BNs are probabilistic graphical models consisting of "nodes" (representing specific variables) joined by "edges" (lines representing directions of effects). They are capable of capturing complex relationships between variables and allow the incorporation of existing (prior) knowledge from previous studies.The DESIR cohort contained data from 582 pts. at month 72, of whom 398 had data for ASAS HI. Descriptive information of these pts. is shown in Table 1. The mean ASAS HI was 5.7 (range: 0 - 16). Applying existing cut-offs for ASAS HI, 51% had 'good' global functioning (ASAS HI ≥5), 40% had 'moderate' global functioning (5< ASAS HI <12) and 9% had 'bad' global functioning (ASAS HI ≥12). The structural model that was constructed from combining data and prior expert knowledge is visualized in Figure 1. It suggests that ASDAS and BASFI have a direct impact on ASAS HI and that ASDAS has an indirect impact via BASFI. The model also suggests that ASDAS has an impact on the number of co-morbidities via BMI and that BASFI determines BASMI, which is in turn also influenced by age and mSASSS. In addition, it suggests a direct effect of age, BMI and ASAS HI on the comorbidity count. The model denies a relationship between BASMI or mSASSS and ASAS HI.Table 1.Patient and disease characteristics at month 72N = 398Gender (male), N (%)181 (45%)Age (years)40.7 (8.7)Symptom duration (years)7.5 (0.9)BMI (kg/m2)25.0 (4.6)ASDAS2.0 (1.0)BASFI (0–10)2.3 (2.1)BASMI (0–10)2.5 (1.0)mSASSS (0-72)1.0 (3.6)ASAS HI (0-17)5.7 (3.9)good global functioning: ASAS HI ≤5, N (%)201 (51%)moderate global functioning: 5< ASAS HI <12, N (%)160 (40%)bad global functioning: ASAS HI ≥12, N (%)37 (9%)Comorbidity count1.4 (0.7)Figure 1.Structural model on interrelationships of different patient- and disease characteristics with global functioning and health (ASAS HI) in patients with early axSpAThe BN-analysis approach, that combines prior knowledge and measured data, serves to better understand the construct of global functioning and health in pts. with early axSpA. Our model shows that global functioning (ASAS-HI) is determined both by patient-reported physical function (BASFI) and by disease activity (ASDAS), which confirms the hierarchical model once proposed by Machado et al. The observed directional relationship between ASAS HI and comorbidity count is counterintuitive and requires further investigation.[1]Machado P, ARD 2011.Imke Redeker: None declared, Robert B.M. Landewé Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, GSK Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, GSK Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Désirée van der Heijde Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bayer, BMS, Cyxone, Eisai, Galapagos, Gilead, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB Pharma, Consultant of: AbbVie, Bayer, BMS, Cyxone, Eisai, Galapagos, Gilead, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bayer, BMS, Cyxone, Eisai, Galapagos, Gilead, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB Pharma, Sofia Ramiro Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, UCB, Sanofi, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Galapagos, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Annelies Boonen Speakers bureau: Abbvie / Galapagos, Consultant of: Galapagos, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Maxime Dougados: None declared, Juergen Braun Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Amgen, Biogen, BMS, Boehringer, Celltrion, Chugai, Fresenius, Hexal, Janssen, Lilly, Medac, MSD, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer und UCB, Consultant of: Abbvie, Amgen, Biogen, BMS, Boehringer, Celltrion, Chugai, Fresenius, Hexal, Janssen, Lilly, Medac, MSD, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer und UCB, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Amgen, Biogen, BMS, Boehringer, Celltrion, Chugai, Fresenius, Hexal, Janssen, Lilly, Medac, MSD, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer und UCB, Uta Kiltz Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Biocad, Biogen, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Hexal, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Biocad, Biogen, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Hexal, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Biogen, Fresenius, Amgen, Hexal, Novartis, Pfizer


Simply and easy method named check table method in design of tightened bolt connection with uncontrolled tightened force is presented.According to formula of intensity and principle of insertion the maximum stretching force table which bolt can sustain is drawn up.By using the table the required bolt diameter can be determined quickly.This method can simplify the bolt design procedure and give an improved calculation accuracy as compared with the trying method used now.