The meningeal worm (Pneumostrongylus tenuis) is a common parasite of whitetailed deer in eastern North America." The parasite develops in the neural parenchyma of the spinal cord, migrates to the subdural space and matures. The adult P. tenuis is most commonly found ut the subdural space and venous sinuses of the cranium. Related signs of a neurologic disease in the wild deer are rare," and heavy experimental infections produce only occasional transient lameness and limb weakness.' Meningeal worm infection of other cervids (moose, wapiti, caribou and mule deer) however, usually results in a fatal neurologic disease.' This study provides evidence of meningeal worm migration through the cerebral parenchyma of a naturally infected white-tailed deer and considers pathogenetic mechanisms for the lesions.


This article explores how sex and violence were part of the everyday making of the soldier in the Peruvian armed forces during the internal armed conflict between 1980 and 2000. In-depth interviews with Peruvian veterans indicate the importance of sex and violence in soldiers' experience of becoming a combatant. The article analyzes the ambiguity in soldiers' narratives about sex and violence, coercion, and consent, and how they are implicated in both receiving and enacting sexualized violence. In particular, authors discuss veterans' accounts of collective experiences of sexualized hazing, abuse of women and girls, porn and prostitution, and references to gang rape. Soldiers, while in the army, experience intimacy through performative practices of sex and violence—which profoundly affect their interactions with one another—and the violence they perpetrate against enemy populations. These military intimacies, encouraged through institutional as well as cultural practices, help explain the prevalence of widespread sexual violence during the conflict.


The study investigated selected teenager's attitude towards pre-marital sex:. Implications for counselling in Agege Local Government, Lagos State. The study utilizes a survey design. The sample population consists of two hundred and fifty (250) students purposively drawn from five secondary schools, four private schools and one public school in Agege Local Government. The instrument used to elicit information from the respondents was a questionnaire designed by the researcher with the help of her supervisor. The validity of the instrument used revealed reliability coefficient Alpha of: teenagers sexual attitude= .9184, teenagers attitude towards sexual diseases = .7513, teenagers attitude towards the use of contraceptives: = .8293, teenagers whose sexuality is more active: = .8586, teenagers attitude towards sexual counselling: alpha = .7465 significant level. Descriptive statistical tools such as frequency and percentages were used to interprete the data collected. The research shows that teenagers are sexually active, 60.1% of the respondents have had sex. 39.5% of the population did not respond to the questions, since it is a conditional questionnaire. The survey shows that the male gender is more active than the female gender. From the research, it was evident that sexual counselling at home, schools and religious bodies will prevent pre-marital sex among teenagers. Conclusively, sex education should be part of school curriculum in order to educate teenagers. Parents should develop effective communication skills with their children, be their friends and help them develop positive attitude towards sex.


Automatic registration of SAR especially high-resolution SAR imagery has not been well solved till now,the key to automatic registration is extracting stable feature and matching feature.Harris operator is the most common feature extraction algorithm in the optical imagery registration,and SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform)algorithm become more popular for its superior performance in recent years.In this paper,SIFT algorithm aiming to the SAR imagery's characteristic is compared with traditional Harris corner point achieve arithmetic in four representative designed experiments.Two algorithms were compared in running time、the correct rate of the matching and the accuracy of the key points.According to qualitative and quantitative analysis,SIFT can accurately register the high resolution SAR images were acquired in the same ascending or descending orbit,and it is better than Harris in applicability and precision.


The 3-aminotropones (=3-aminocyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-ones) 4 were prepared in two steps by i) a [4+3] cycloaddition reaction between a conveniently substituted α,α′-dihalo ketone 1 and a furan-2-amine derivative 2 functionalized at C(2) by a protected amino group (→3), and ii) a base-induced molecular rearrangement of the cycloadduct 3via cleavage of the O-bridge. A mechanism for the formation of 3-aminotropones is proposed on the basis of the initial deprotonation of the [(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino (BocNH) group of 3, followed by O-bridge opening, an acid–base equilibrium, and finally an alkoxyaluminate elimination to afford the conjugated stable troponoid system (Scheme 7).


Time‐optimal motion planning along specified paths is a well‐understood problem in robotics for which well‐established methods exist for some standard effects, such as actuator force limits, maximal path velocity, or sliding friction. This paper describes an extension of the classical method that allows for considering, on the one hand side, additional non linear constraints such as sticking friction, acceleration limits at the end‐effector, as well power limits for the overall system, and on the other, general paths featuring smooth interpolation of angular acceleration as well as arbitrary multibody systems comprising multiple loops. The methods are illustrated with two applications from robotics and the mining industry. (© 2011 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Background Pediatric Burkitt Lymphoma (PBL) represents over 40% of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) in children and adolescents (Cairo et al, Blood, 2007; Miles/Cairo, BJH, 2012) and the prognosis of PBL has dramatically improved over the past 30 years through the introduction of short intensive multi-agent chemotherapy. (Cairo et al, JCO, 2012). However, the success of this therapeutic approach has been compromised by significant chemotherapy-induced toxicity, requiring the need to identify a less toxic targeted therapy. We previously identified, in a multivariate analysis, that children with Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) and a 13q deletion had a significantly poorer outcome and inferior overall survival (OS) despite aggressive short, intensive multi-agent chemotherapy (Poirel/Cairo et al, Leuk., 2009; Nelson/Cairo/Sanger et al, BJH, 2009). Deleted in Lymphocytic Leukemia 1 (DLEU1) is a BL classifier gene and a target of c-Myc on the chromosome 13q14.3 region (Dave et al, NEJM, 2006). DLEU1 encodes for proteins of 72 residues and 19 interacting proteins including c-Myc, TUBB2C, RASSF1A and UBR1. We have previously suggested that DLEU1 may function as a tumor suppressor gene in transient DLEU1 overexpressed BL cells (Lee/Cairo, ASH, 2012). However, functions and mechanism(s) following dysregulation of DLEU1 expression in BL are poorly understood.

Objectives We proposed that DLEU1 may act as a tumor suppressor gene in PBL, and therefore investigated whether 1) overexpression of DLEU1 in BL cells results in changes in programmed cell death, cell proliferation and cell migration, and 2) sensitizes Rituximab resistant BL cells to apoptosis in PBL.

Methods A stable Raji cell line with DLEU1 overexpression (DLEU1-OE) was established from previous reported (Lee/Cairo et al, ASH, 2012) under G418 selection and all cells including Rituximab (RTX) resistant Raji BL cells (2R) (Barth et al, BJH, 2012) were cultured in RPMI with 10% FBS. Total RNA was isolated by Trizol (Invitrogen) and cDNA was synthesized by cDNA Synthesis Kit (Quantas). Quantitative RT-PCR was performed by CFX96 Real-time (Bio-rad), and MTS and Caspase 3/7 assays (Promega) were employed for measurement of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Statistical significance was performed by one-tailed Student t-test. For classic scratch-wound healing assay, wounded cells were created by scratching cells at 72 hours post-transient transfection with DLEU1 and images of wound areas were taken at 0 and 48 hours after scratching. For transient experiments using 2R, DLEU1 transient overexpressing Raji and 2R cells were treated with Rituximab (20ug/ml) for 48hours and cell proliferation and apoptosis assay were measured as above.

Results The expression of DLEU1 mRNA showed a significant increase in DLEU1 stable overexpressing Raji (DLEU1-OE) cells compared to mock control cells (9.0 fold increase, p<0.02). In comparing mRNA expression levels of DLEU1 network genes, there was significant decrease of RASSF1 and TUBB2C mRNA expression (1.2 fold reduction, p<0.02 and 1.3 fold reduction, p<0.03, respectively) in DLEU1-OE cells to mock control cells. DLEU1-OE cells showed a significant decrease in cell proliferation (15% reduction, p<0.03; 19% reduction, p<0.03; and 15% reduction, p<0.01 at 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively) ([Fig 1A][1]). There was significant increase in Caspase 3/7 activity (10.2% increase, p<0.02; 9.7% increase, p<0.05 at 24 and 48 hours, respectively) ([Fig 1B][1]). The wounded cells dramatically healed slower than those of control in DLEU1 transient overexpressed 293 cells compared to mock control 293 cells ([Fig 2][2]). There were significant increase in Caspase 3/7 activity and significant decrease in cell proliferation in RTX (20ug/ml) treated transient DLEU1 overexpressed 2R (13% increase, p<0.05 and 5% reduction, p<0.02, respectively) compared to RTX treated transient DLEU1 overexpressed Raji. RTX treated transient DLEU1 overexpressed 2R showed significant decrease of expression anti-apoptotic genes, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 mRNA (<15% reduction, p<0.04 and <20% reduction, p<0.02, respectively).

![Figure][3]

![Figure][3]

Conclusion These results suggest that 1) overexpression of DLEU1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, wound healing and induced apoptosis, and 2) we hypothesize that overexpression of DLEU1 in PBL may result in sensitizing BL to chemotherapy induced apoptosis and may result in a potential future therapeutic strategy.

Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Current published guidelines for perioperative pharmacy services have limited information on the development and implementation of a robust clinical pharmacy program across the surgical continuum of care. This publication defines the responsibilities and scope of practice of the Perioperative Clinical Pharmacist (PCPh), supporting the PCPh as a critical member of the interprofessional surgical patient care team. Opportunities for pharmacist role integration into perioperative medication management processes are described along with published examples of successful PCPh practice models, including those with interventions targeted toward Enhanced Recovery Pathways (ERP). Recommended training and competencies for future and practicing perioperative pharmacists, in addition to considerations for precepting and scholarly activities, are also outlined. Finally, future developments in perioperative pharmacy practice are discussed, including technological advancements, improved predictive models, and expansion of collaborative practice agreements.


The endangered Arabian oryx, Oryx leucoryx faces a wide range of issues that potentially have adverse effects on their welfare while they are free-ranging in their natural habitat, housed in captivity for conservation breeding or when they are translocated from the wild to captivity or vice versa. Furthermore, the global increase in the number of captive Arabian oryx (currently more than 95 % of the world population of about 8000 individuals), gives rise to particular concern for their welfare and health within captive conditions. Thorough assessment of the welfare of animals involves physiological and behavioural measures. Methods for assessment of welfare in Arabian oryx have not been established and the present studies aim at establishing physiological tools for assessment of welfare. Therefore, the present studies developed and applied new methods for non-invasive assessment of welfare in the Arabian oryx (using faecal samples), and established reference values for a range of haematological, biochemical and clinical parameters. The potential disturbances in these parameters were investigated after immobilisation and tranquillisation and posttransportation. Two enzyme immuno-assays (EIA I and II) for faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) were validated by stimulation and suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through injection of synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and dexamethasone, respectively. These studies established a lag-time of 14 ± 1 h between secretion of glucocorticoids into the blood stream and excretion of the measured FGM. Faecal incubation at 30°C for 3 days showed that EIA I measured more stable faecal glucocorticoid metabolites than EIA II, and has greater potential for application in field conditions. This method was found to be invaluable for measuring stress and hence assessment of welfare status, and its use is recommended in planning welfare improvements. Measurement of FGM successfully detected the stress of road transportation (630 km for 8-10 h), showing an increase 2 days after transport, followed by recovery to basal FGM levels after re-housing for up to 11 days. Releasing oryx to the wild, in Oman, and tracking for 11 days, after transportation 50-70 km from the captive site (Arabian Oryx


Effects of iodine and xenon bombardment on organic semiconductors are investigated. A poly-N-vinylearbazole thin film is used for the ion implantation at energies in the range 30 to 80 keV. The implantation profiles are measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Changes in the light absorption due to formation of charge transfer (CT) complexes are measured.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in the treatment of patients with lower respiratory tract infection,promote rational use of the drugs and decrease the treatment cost.METHODS The cost-effectiveness was analyzed with medical cost-effectiveness analyzing method gatifloxacin and levofloxacin were compared in the treatment of patients with lower respiratory tract infection based on the published reference data.RESULTS and CONCLUSION There is no obvious difference between these two drugs in clinical effective rate and cure rate of patients with lower respiratory tract infection,but the bacteria clearance ratio of gatifloxacin was superior to that of levofloxacin.Cost-effectiveness ratio of levofloxacin is superior to that of gatifloxacin.


Since adenoma components disappear with tumor progression, it is not known whether colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are derived from an adenoma–carcinoma sequence or are de novo. We compared 38 cases of ≤10‐mm flat CRCs without an adenoma component (de novo type) with 39 cases of ≤10‐mm flat CRCs with an adenoma component (carcinoma in adenoma (CIA) type). Compared to the CIA type, the de novo‐type CRCs were more frequently located in the proximal colon; more frequently invaded submucosa, and more frequently had venous permeation. Regarding the phenotypic classification based on the immunohistochemical expressions of CD10, MUC2 and MUC5AC, the incidence of unclassified type (CD10−, MUC2− and MUC5AC−) was significantly more frequent in the de novo (32%) than CIA (5%) type. In one de novo‐type case, mismatch repair (MMR) protein loss was judged, because MLH1 and PMS2 protein expressions were immunohistochemically negative. BRAF mutation (V600E) was seen in one de novo‐type case and two CIA‐type cases, but none of these cases had MMR protein loss. In conclusion, small‐intestinal type (CD10+ and MUC5AC−) is the most common in flat CRC and unclassified type is mainly characteristic of de novo type. In this study, small flat CRCs with BRAF mutation do not have MMR protein loss.


Sealed Nickel-Cadmium aerospace cells play a very important role in the mission of the satellite. There has been a constant effort to improve the cycle life, energy density, and reliability of these cells by many manufacturers and users. The Design Variable Cell Program is one systematic approach started by NASA in collaboration with General Electric (GE) towards that goal. Nine important designs were selected for evaluation. Fifty-two nickel-cadmium cells each of 12 Ah nominal capacity manufactured by GE were sent to the Navel weapons Support Center for evaluation of different design variables with which these cells were built.


The aim was to develop a multidimensional computerized adaptive ă short-form questionnaire, the MusiQoL-MCAT, from a fixed-length QoL ă questionnaire for multiple sclerosis. ă A total of 1992 patients were enrolled in this international ă cross-sectional study. The development of the MusiQoL-MCAT was based on ă the assessment of between-items MIRT model fit followed by real-data ă simulations. The MCAT algorithm was based on Bayesian maximum a ă posteriori estimation of latent traits and Kullback-Leibler information ă item selection. We examined several simulations based on a fixed number ă of items. Accuracy was assessed using correlations (r) between initial ă IRT scores and MCAT scores. Precision was assessed using the standard ă error measurement (SEM) and the root mean square error (RMSE). ă The multidimensional graded response model was used to estimate item ă parameters and IRT scores. Among the MCAT simulations, the 16-item ă version of the MusiQoL-MCAT was selected because the accuracy and ă precision became stable with 16 items with satisfactory levels (r >= ă 0.9, SEM


: Background: Thalassaemia is an inherited haemoglobinopathy due to quantitative defect of globin chain synthesis. Clinically thalassaemia is divided into thalassaemia major (TM), thalassaemia intermedia (TI), and thalassaemia minor. Different studies provide evidence of increase incidence of thromboembolic events especially in TI. So plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and prothrombin fragment1+2 (F1+2) are supposed to be increased in these individuals. Objective: Compare the levels of these markers in thalassaemia major, thalassaemia intermedia and normal healthy control. Methodology: A comparative cross sectional study was conducted in Thalassaemia Prevention Centre of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital and Lahore General Hospital. A total 24 normal healthy population, 24 thalassaemia Major(TM) and 24 thalassaemia intermedia patients participated in the study. Plasma levels of TAT complex and F1+2 were measured of all blood samples. Data was recorded and analyzed. Results: The mean age of controls was 13.6 ± 8.1 years, and of cases with major and Thalassaemia intermedia was 13.94 ± 8.69 years and 13.64 ± 8.5 years respectively. The mean age was statistically same in all three groups, p-value > 0.05. Among controls and TI groups 11 (45.83%) males and 13 (54.17%) females were included, among cases with thalassaemia major, 14 (58.33%) males and 10 (41.67%) females were included. Mean thrombin-antithrombin complex among controls was 3.4±0.8, among cases with thalassaemia major was 5.0±1.9 and thalassaemia intermedia was 6.4±2.7 with statistically significant mean difference among the study groups (p-value=0.001). Mean prothrombin F1+2among controls was 0.94±.19, among cases with thalassaemia major was 1.10±1.7 and thalassaemia intermedia was 1.36±0.27 with statistically significant mean difference among the study groups (p-value=0.001), with highest values of these markers in TI. Conclusion: A hypercoagulable state was established in thalassaemia major and intermedia as compared to control group revealed by higher levels of TAT and F1+2 in both thalassaemia groups. While the mean Thrombin-antithrombin complex (ng/ml) and mean Prothrombin F1+2 (nmol/L) levels were highest in TI with p-value < 0.05. Comparison between mean of F1+2 of different study groups showed that mean F1+2 (nmol/L) was significantly higher in thalassaemic patients as compared to controls. p value between means of TM and Control was equal to 0.003 and between TI and control was 0.001. While within thalassaemic patients mean F1+2 (nmol/L) was statistically higher in thalassaemia Intermedia than in major with p-value 0.016. This shows a significantly high F1+2 (nmol/L) in the patients of TI as compared to TM. About 16% patients of TI had high F1+2 (nmol/L) than normal control group.


Abstract : This Algorithmic Specification establishes the design criteria for four advanced automation software functions to be included in the initial software package of the Advanced Automation System (AAS). The need for each function is discussed within the context of the existing National Airspace System (NAS). A top-down definition of each function is provided with descriptions on increasingly more detailed levels. The final, most detailed description of each function identifies the data flows and transformations taking place within each function. This document consists of five volumes. Volume 1, Trajectory Estimation, contains a functional design for deriving a predicted four-dimensional (space and time) path, or trajectory, for each participating aircraft.


For a given digraph G = (V, E) and a positive integer k, the super line digraph of index k of G is the digraph Sk{G) which has for vertices all the k-subsets of E(G), and two vertices S and T are adjacent whenever there exist edges in the form (u, v) isin S and (u, w) isin T for some u, v, w isin V. The super line digraph is a generalization of the super line graph. Indeed, if the digraph G is symmetric, the super line digraph of G is isomorphic to the super line graph of the graph obtained by removing the orientation of the edges of G. We study the link between properties of super line digraphs and super line graphs


[Objective] To investigate the expression of midkine (MK) and microvessel density (MVD) in osteosarcoma and the relationship between them and tumor biologic behavior. [Methods] Immunohistochemical examination was used to detect MK and MVD in 45 cases of osteosarcoma, and we analyzed their relativity with malignant degree and prognosis in osteosarcoma. [Results] The positive rate of MK in osteosarcoma was 37.78 %. There was no significant difference of the expression between MK and MVD in Price pathologic grades (P>0.05), but there was significant difference in Enneching surgical stages (P<0.01) Significant difference of the expressions of MK and MVD was found between cases with lung metastasis and without lung metastasis (P<0.01). There was significant correlation in osteosarcoma between MK and MVD. [Conclusion] There is significant correlation between the expression of MK and MVD and the malignant degree of osteosarcoma, so that MK and MVD might be used as markers of malignant degree and prognosis in osteosarcoma.


The paper introduces a novel knowledge management system, it describes the process of developing a feedback system for schools where we connect students, school administration, and the ministry of education all together in order to facilitate the learning process and make sure that the students get the proper teaching, it is also a chance for them to have a voice and for their requests to be answered. We believe that this system could fill in the gap that schools in Saudi unfortunately have between students and the people in the administration. This paper further illustrates the details about the system itself and how it came. The paper discuses knowledge application systems in general and describes their components and the different types of technologies and mechanisms that are used for each different type to serve a distinct purpose. Different types are explained with supplementary figures and diagrams. The paper describes the proposed system in depth beginning with an overview of the idea itself and presents the initial architecture of the system as well as a complete prototype of its functionality. This section is supplemented with a survey we conducted targeting middle and high school students as well as all the patterns and tables needed for creating the system. It also presents a comparison between our system and an existing one that is similar but applied in another field. Limitations and benefits of the proposed systems are also described comprehensively. The last part summarizes the work we have done as well as list some of the challenges and lessons learned for future growth and improvement.


We report on work in progress in connection with GALIUS (GrAnada Lightning Ultrafast Spectrograph), a new ultrafast lightning spectrograph developed within the Atmospheric Electricity group of the IAA-CSIC in Granada. Imaging and spectroscopic experiments were carried out with a small electrostatic generator (up to 300 kV) able to produce short (2-10 cm long) sparks that are used to mimic the channel of natural cloud to ground lightning in the laboratory. The speed recording of GALIUS was changed between 900 Kfps and 2.1 Mfps. Most flux and wavelength calibration tests have been already completed except for the near ultraviolet range (350-400 nm).


A comparative study of dispersed catalysts obtained in-situ on the based of Mo and Fe-Co in the process of catalytic steam cracking of vacuum residue in the slurry-reactor was conducted (water : vacuum residue = 0,1 : 1 ratio, temperature – 450 °C, pressure – 2,0 MPa, feed rate – 0.1 kg/h). Samples of the semisynthetic oil were obtained and characterized. In the rectification process the gasoline, diesel, oil and residual fractions were allocated. A complex of physicоchemical methods was applied to the analysis of light and dark petroleum products. Based on the obtained data the performance properties of the studied fractions were compared. The relationship between the redistribution of components within the fractions and the catalytic properties of dispersed catalysts was established. The efficiency of using Fe-Co catalysts to produce semisynthetic oil with an increased content of light fractions in the process of catalytic steam cracking of vacuum residue is shown


Packaging failures has always been the bottleneck of the development on the new techniques of IC packaging using molding compounds. Numerous simulations are developed to minimize the maximum stress during or after the packaging process. Within those simulations, a reliable kinetic model is indispensable since the viscoelastic properties are related strongly with conversion during the cure process. In tins paper, the cure kinetics of a molding compound is described by the Kamal-Sourour equation, including the effect of diffusion limitation, and the corresponding parameters are determined. Furthermore, a preliminary dynamic mechanical experiment during cure is presented to show an application of our cure kinetic model.


During the last decade, intellectual capital (IC) and intangible assets have been widely considered as critical tool to deliver successful business in an intensive-knowledge environment. Accordingly, the main goal of this paper is therefore to develop and prioritize the most important indicators of intellectual capital in knowledge-based industries. Based on an extensive literature review, a valid and reliable questionnaire was designed. In order to data gathering, it was sent out to participants from both academic and university who qualified well in pharmaceutical practice. In order to exact prioritization of indicators, fuzzy TOPSIS technique as a MADM model was used. The fuzzy TOPSIS results revealed participants remark high concerns especially about knowledge and skills of managers and employees regarding to human capital, high concerns particularly about positive climate, ratio of investment in R&D and numbers of R&D projects according to structural capital, while considering the relational capital, more attention was paid to customers and strategic cooperation such as alliances and licensing.


Background and purpose:Because of a preferable uptake of endogenous photosensitizer(PpIX) derived from ALA in neoplastic cells,there is a selective destruction of tumor.Up to now,the specific mechanism of ALA-PDT-mediated cytotoxicity has not been defined.In this study,we investigated the apoptotic effect on HL-60 cell line induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy.Methods:HL-60 cells were treated and divided into four groups,only ALA group,only PDT group,ALA+PDT group and control group.Cell survival rate was determined by MTT assay and cell morphological change was observed by Wright's staining.Apoptotic cell was studied by Annexin V-FITC/PI through flow cytometry assay and character of apoptotic cell was inspected by laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM).Results:Wright's staining showed apoptotic change of HL-60 cell in ALA+PDT group.The survival rate of the cells of ALA+PDT group decreased more significantly after 48 hrs(46±9)% than after 24 hrs(26±8)%(P0.05).The apoptosis rates of HL-60 cells at 4,5 and 24 hrs after ALA combined with irradiation were(26±9)%,(29±11)% and(51±6)%,respectively.It is markedly higher than that in the control group(P0.05).LSCM showed the typical apoptotic character.Conclusions:ALA-PDT exerts profound cytotoxic effects on HL-60 cell line.Apoptosis is the main death model with time-dependent.


The purpose of this study was to analyze side kick motion in Taekwondo. Seven college students who have experienced in Taekwondo more than eight years were selected in this study. The results of this study revealed as follows : 1. During the performance of side kick in Taekwondo, the time required per phase was 0.49 seconds(the first phase), 0.20 seconds(the second phase), and 0.10 seconds(the third phase). The average time for the total pace was 0.79 seconds. 2. During the performance of side kick in Taekwondo, the body center of gravity was changed to the right/left, forward/backward, and vertical direction in 24.01cm, 11.85cm, and 15.01cm. 3. During the performance of side kick in Taekwondo, the average angle of hip joint was 163.73˚(the first event), 157.83˚(the second event), 130.87˚(the third event), and 97.73˚(the fourth event). The average angle of knee joint was 175.03˚(the first event), 141.28˚(the second event), 70.50˚(the third event), and 132.30˚(the fourth event). 4. During the performance of side kick in Taekwondo, the average of angle speed in the hip joint was 54.80˚/sec(the first event), 156.42˚/sec(the second event), 434.68˚/sec(the third event), and 112.58˚/sec(the fourth event). The average angle speed of knee joint was 176.35˚/sec(the first event), 582.40˚/sec(the second event), 50.68˚/sec(the third event), and 1262.73˚/sec(the fourth event).


Indian women are always following the cultural quotes and ethics of India. They stand as a role model to the whole world not only in the present era but also in the upcoming ages. The Women Portrayed in the Tamil classic literature Periya Puranam were standing representatives at all Indian women. The women in Periya Puranam made their familial relationship a cardial one and kept the hormony of the name by not revealing their misunderstanding to the world. Hospitality is one of the core characteristics of Indian culture and so Indian women never failed to maintain it. They never outsmart their husband's word since they had much respect on them. Moreover, they aided the principles of their husbands. They married the bridegrooms whom their parents have chosen. They played the vital role to maintain the etiquettes and moral of the family and helped to keep it alive. Thus, did so, the women in Periya Puranam stand as preserving pillars of Indian culture.


Preface. PART I: PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY. Chapter 1. Definitions, and Terminology. Chapter 2. Composition and Properties. Chapter 3. Refinery Products and By-Products. Chapter 4. Refinery wastes. PART II: ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY AND ANALYSIS. Chapter 5. Environmental Regulations. Chapter 6. Sample Collection and Preparation. Chapter 7. Analytical methods. Chapter 8. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Chapter 9. Analysis of Gaseous Emissions. Chapter 10. Analysis of Liquid Effluents. Chapter 11. Analysis of Solid Effluents. Chapter 12. Pollution Prevention. Glossary. Index.


The behavior of silicone (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) antifoamants as a function of PDMS viscosity in non-foaming and foaming synthetic ester turbine engine lubricants or model esters is described. Ten parts-per-million additions of PDMS with viscosities in the excess of about 5000 mm2s−1 (cSt) are very effective antifoamants. At intermediate PDMS viscosities of 10-5000 mm2s−1, the additive is profoamanl. At very low PDMS viscosities of less than about 10 mm2s−1, the additive appears to be ineffectual either as pro- or antifoamant under the test conditions. The results provide a more complete understanding of additive-ester foaming behavior resulting in the development of a hypothesis for such partially miscible systems based upon the limited solubility of PDMS in esters and that effect on surface tension as influenced by variables such as PDMS molecular weight, concentration, and temperature. The hypothesis aids in explaining much of the previous, often conflicting, data and conclusions about foaming in ...


The present invention relates to a rotary latch lock with a housing (12) and the rotary latch (28), housing, but rotatable, fixed to the housing in the axial direction, the free end (30 a circumferential thread (24) in), having a drive shaft having a flat portion oriented at least one axially (26) (14), the rotary latch, the at least one relative rotation of the shaft to be secured to a rotational position, attached to the free end of the shaft (30), the nut (32) which can be screwed into a circumferential thread (24) is supported in the axial direction, the nut (32) is of two wall surrounded by (42, 44), laterally surrounded by a cage (48) to form an accessible space (46), each prism opening of the two walls (42, 44) (40) has, this opening the Yafuto (30) can be caused to slip through the torsional rigid.


Objective: to identify in articles published by nurses in the database, the strategies used in the continuity of nursing care for premature or low-birth weight newborns after hospital discharge. Methodology: study of Integrative Literature Review, with a qualitative approach, the research being carried out in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, MEDICLATINA and SciELO data-bases with the 2009-2017 timeline. The PICo method was used in the elaboration of the research question and in the definition of inclusion criteria for the selection of articles. Results: after analyzing the articles, four themes emerged: Discharge planning; Parents' concerns and difficulties in home care; Strategies for continuity of care after discharge; Family and social support network in the transition of care. Conclusions: home visits is an important and effective strategic component of care after discharge, always including the assessment of the newborn's health status and parental skills. It must be performed in the first week after discharge, by a nurse from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, in conjunction with Primary Health Care, maintaining follow-up by telephone contact in the 2nd and 4th weeks. Descriptors: prematurity; hospital discharge; continuity of care; parental training; nursing.


With the development of educational technology, undergraduate students are presented with the opportunities to enroll in online university courses. The students recognize the advantages of studying from the comfort of the place of their choice and at their own productive time. However, online students may feel their interest and desire to study online decreases over time. Researchers argue that the online environment can be a big enabler of teachers' creativity which can be the best solution to motivational issues and dropout. This thesis reports a qualitative case study that explores students' understanding and perception of online teachers' creativity and how it influences their motivation to learn in asynchronous online courses. Concordia's undergraduate students who enrolled in and experienced the Discover Statistics course were invited to participate in this study.
 Seventeen student participants shared their experience during one online one-on-one interview each and completed the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & DeGroof, 1990). The findings identify six main themes: positive experience in the course, negative experience in the course, definition of creativity and creative teaching, creative teaching strategies, positive comparison with other classes and motivational effects. Answering the main question of the research, it was concluded that this course includes multiple creative strategies, such as gamification, authentic examples, different approaches to explanations, repetitive practical problems, and self-assessment among all. These strategies positively affect participants' motivation to learn.


In this study, new asymptotic properties of positive solutions of the even-order neutral delay differential equation with the noncanonical operator are established. The new properties are of an iterative nature, which allows it to be applied several times. Using these properties, we obtain new criteria to exclude a class from the positive solutions of the studied equation, using the comparison principles.


Combined free and forced convective flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible fluid in a rotating parallel plate channel with perfectly conducting walls is investigated. Exact solutions of the governing equations for the fully developed flow are obtained in closed form. It is found that the resultant shear stresses at the walls decrease with the increase in both the rotation parameter K 2 and the magnetic parameter M 2 . The rate of heat transfer at both walls decreases with the increase in the Grashof number G .


Illness among officials posed perennial challenges to the local order of governance. During the Yongzheng reign (1723-35), a new set of policies emerged that enabled provincial officials to take a temporary sick leave and resume their careers after recovery. I use archival sources to examine how sick leave petitions were generated and handled in civil bureaucracy, and find that matters of personal health were treated increasingly as an impersonal routine. In coping with malingerers, the Qing state relied heavily on peer inspection rather than professional medical opinions. Certain types of illness were frequently reported, reflecting widespread health risks associated with official careers.


In their article "Rethinking the Market Metaphor: School Choice, the Common Good, and the National Football League," Brent D. Beal and Heather K. Olson Beal (this issue) promise to update some of the arguments made by Jeffrey R. Henig (1994) and add an interesting twist by proposing the National Football League (NFL) as a possible analogy to U.S. K–12 schooling. Beal and Olson Beal begin their article saying:


An inexpensive, e8siiy constructed b8hnce ~8s mrdc to measure pi8nt phytom8ss from clipped qu8dnts. It c8n be f8brhted from m8terhls gener8Uy 8v8hbie in developing countries 8nd, within the designed rmge, it is 8ccunte enough to provide reli8bie estimites of standing crop. Since b8i8acee 8re easily md inexpensively constructed they c8n be m8de in qu8ntity urd distributed to ioc8i extension 8gents urd f8rmers.


The present invention provides a LCD with an integrated touch screen panel, the LCD comprising: a first substrate having formed thereon a plurality of pixels, wherein each pixel in the plurality of pixels is provided a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode ; a second substrate facing the first substrate, having a plurality of common electrodes formed on the inside thereof, a plurality of pixels are arranged to correspond to the plurality of common electrodes in a first direction; a plurality of sensing electrodes, the second substrate and along the outside a second direction crossing the first direction are arranged; the liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; common electrode driver sequentially supplying a driving signal to the common electrode and the common electrode to provide a drive signal having a phase opposite to the compensation signal.


The project of innovative technology for solid household wastes (SHW) based on the principle of self-repayment is submitted in the article. The project suggested is a conceptually new approach to the problem of optimization the complex use of managerial, marketing, logistical, technological and design developments which turns the solving of the problem of environment protection and sanitary-epidemiological safety provision into a highly remunerative business. The advantages of the new technologies over the existing system of SHW burial are described from the comparative viewpoint: considerable (up to 50%) decrease of waste flows to the dumping grounds; reduction of areas allotted for SHW dumps; discontinuance of ground waters and air contamination with decay products; reduction of municipal expenditures connected with wastes conveyance and decontamination; returning of second material resources into the sphere of production and consumption. The peculiarities of the technological line, developed by the authors and intended for the production of heat-insulation plates from paper wastes and textile production wastes, have been analyzed. The physical and mechanical parameters of the heat-insulation plates are described.


Eu3+-doped LaPO4 micro-nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning technology.Scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),themogravimetry-differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA),and photoluminescence spectra(PL) were used to characterize the obtained samples.XRD patterns indicate that the as-prepared micro-nanofibers are crystallized well at 800℃ and assigned to JCPDS-35-0731 of the monoclinic LaPO4 crystal.Upon excitation into the Eu3+ at 409 nm,the emission spectrum of LaPO4: Eu3+ micro-nanofibers is composed of 5D0 7FJ(J = 1,2,3,4) emission lines of Eu3+,with the transition 5D0 7F2(at 618 nm) being the most prominent group,which is characterized by red emission.The optimum doping concentration of Eu3+ is 5mol% in the LaPO4: Eu3+ micro-nanofibers.The luminescence decay curve of LaPO4: Eu3+ micro-nanofibers shows single exponential behavior,and the lifetime(τ) of Eu3+ is about 3.7 ms.


The invention aims at providing a traditional Chinese medicine for adjusting the insufficient lactation and the agalactosis of sow, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine is good in treatment effects, free from side effects, and selected from pure natural good-quality traditional Chinese medicine materials. The traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, i.e. phaseolus calcaratus, the seed of cowherb, tetrapanax papyriferus, sweetgum fruit, eucommia ulmoides, herba lycopi, leonurus, astragalus mongholicus, Chinese angelica, codonopsis pilosula, herba epimedii, semen cuscutae, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, glossy privet fruit, dandelion, soybean, sesame and crucian. A preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following steps of: removing the entrails of the crucian, putting into a marmite with the raw materials, adding water of which the quantity is three times that of the mixture, boiling by big fire, stewing by soft fire for 30-40min, and removing slag of filter liquor; feeding the liquid medicine to the sow after the liquid medicine is cooled three times per day and 500g per time, and stopping feeding the liquid medicine after the traditional Chinese medicine becomes effective. The liquid medicine is fed to the sow after the method of the traditional Chinese medicine is adopted, so that the sow can quickly recover the bodily function, the fecundity and the premonition can be improved, the appetite can be enhanced, the digestion can be promoted, the traditional Chinese medicine has the function of promoting lactation, and the quality and the quantity of the milk of the sow can be improved, so that the sow health can be guaranteed, and the sow has strong disease resistance.


Research Goal Methodology Preliminary results Many studies indicate that the provision of services like overnight shelters, "living rooms", food availability, access to medical and harm-reduction services have positive implications for both individuals and for society. However, few studies look specifically at the effects on local downtown businesses who may be affected by the location of these services to the homeless population.


Interface mismatches are common among web services interactions. It happens when the interacting services have different message signatures. Semantic Web technologies are proposed to address this problem. If services are annotated with shared ontologies, an interface adapter may be generated by connecting messages that annotated with same or similar concepts. Unfortunately, services are usually annotated with different ontologies. As a result, different ontologies need to be aligned before adaptation. Aligning large ontologies can be time-consuming and inaccurate, which leads to inefficient and unsuccessful web service adaptation. In this paper, we tackle the problem by proposing a sub-ontology extraction method to generate Representation Ontology for each service. The Representation Ontologies can significantly increase alignment speed and accuracy, which consequently improve the process of interface adapter generation. Related tests are conducted to evaluate our work.


: The article forms and implements cost-resource determinants and stabilizers of the economic development of hunting in Ukraine, which take into account the maximum affordable use and income from the use of hunting ground, game breeding and animal protection, stimulating the efficient management of hunting entities and ensuring their profitability. It is substantiated that the use of various methods of indicative analysis of the formation of cost-resource determinants and stabilizers of the economic development of hunting by a set of processes of the resource system of the hunting fund allows combining economic, environmental and social components of individual sectors of the hunting industry with an assessment of interdependent indicators and factors influencing it. The norms of extraction of certain species of hunting animals at their optimal number in the forest-hunting regions of Ukraine are substantiated. Expenditures and revenues from hunting on average per one forest-hunting region of Ukraine are grouped. Changes in the shares of expenditures on protection, reproduction, accounting of wild animals and landscaping in Ukraine have been identified. Permissible norms for the use (shooting, catching) of certain species of hunting animals in the forest-hunting regions of Polissya, Forest-Steppe and Steppe of Ukraine have been established. The forecast value of cost-resource determinants and stabilizers of the economic development of hunting in the forest-hunting regions of Ukraine is calculated. animals


Justin Barnes, vice president of Greenway Medical Technologies points out what physicians need to know about the ACO final regulations.


In the investigation of suspected visual disorders electroretinography (ERG) is of considerable clinical value. The ERG is usually recorded from a contact-lens type of electrode placed over the cornea. Although this is possible in co-operative adults using only local anaesthesia, the placement of a contact lens electrode in a young or retarded patient is usually not tolerated without a general anaesthetic. Because of the obvious disadvantages of requiring general anaesthesia for such a test procedure, a method was developed in this department at the beginning of I968 to record the ERG from an electrode placed between the eyes on the bridge of the nose. The ERG recorded from such an electrode is of small amplitude but can be easily distinguished from larger amplitude background activity using 'averaging' techniques with the aid of a computer. The combined potential change from the retina of each eye is recorded unless one eye is covered during stimulation. This technique has been used as part ofa combined neurophysiological testing procedure in which the ERG, the cortical visually evoked response (VER), and the electroencephalogram (EEG) are simultaneously recorded (Harden and Pampiglione, I970). This combined approach, which gives information about the level of suspected visual impairment, may be used in babies and young children who are unable to co-operate. No sedation is necessary and where possible the test is carried out in the waking state, with the eyes open. There are few publications on the normal ERG parameters and usually each laboratory determines its own criteria ofnormality with its own techniques (Jacobson, 196 I). However, because ofsome doubts as to the reliability of results using non-corneal electrodes in clinical work, the normal range ofERG parameters recorded with our technique is reported in the present paper.


CuCl2⋅DMSO is one of a series of linear chain spin 1/2 compounds recently shown to have predominantly ferromagnetic interactions in the paramagnetic state. Initial studies1 conducted on powders showed the exchange interaction J to be relatively large (J/k = 45 K) with rather large interchain interactions (J′/J = −0.04). The present paper reports the first single crystal susceptibility and magnetization studies on this compound. The monoclinic compound has been found to order antiferromagnetically at 4.80 K with the easy axis the a axis. The two χ⊥′s are nearly equal, indicating uniaxial anisotropy. A spin‐flop transition has been observed when an external field was applied along the easy axis. The magnetic field phase diagram for this transition has been measured down to 2 K in fields up to 9.5 kOe. Using a molecular field model, effective fields have been estimated for the antiferromagnetic coupling between chains and for the spin anisotropy. The antiferromagnetic exchange field is 23 kOe, 3.6% of the ef...


The study is part of a project of cooperation between University West and the elementary schools of the Municipal of Uddevalla. Since the project has an interactive approach the purpose/research qu ...


"· High-energy electrons in a synchrotron may be placed on an internal target within one microsecond by using the forced radial oscillations that occur at n = 0. 75 in the presence of a first harmonic azimuthal variation of the magnetic field. The effect of the first harmonic in general and at n = 0. 75 is examined. The requirements for changing the radial field gradient from n = 0. 67 to n = 0. 75 are determined. An operating cycle is suggested.


The study explores the construction of China's image in the context of a major public health event such as the Newcastle pneumonia epidemic by crawling social media data in China during the epidemic prevention and control period. The study argues that, in the era of new media, especially self-media, the image of China in Chinese social media during the prevention and control of the Newcastle pneumonia epidemic presents multiple types of images, ranging from a "dual" image of those fighting and preventing the epidemic in their home country and their country of residence to a "dual" image of those being questioned and even those being "questioned" in their home country and their country of residence. "It is worth noting that in March 2020, the number of people who have been affected by the epidemic in their home countries will be increased to 3,000. It is worth mentioning that in mid to late March 2020, Chinese people in China had a serious negative image crisis, but it was quickly repaired through mechanisms such as government "stabilisers," mainstream media "gatekeepers," and audience "self-purification." One of the lessons is that image repair relies on the "stabiliser," the "gatekeeper" of mainstream media, and the "self-purification" of the audience. One of the lessons is that image repair relies on the triple factor of "real society—audience" working together. The second lesson is that while the open Internet environment can generate a lot of exaggerated and false information; at the same time, audiences, including Chinese people, can remove misunderstandings and bridge differences through active voices and debates and activate rational and healthy positive energy. The epidemic is a "danger" and an "opportunity" for China's image.


A quantitative risk analysis based on the impact of hourly traffic volume (VHP) and percentage of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) in a bi-directional road tunnel was carried out both for normal and temporary traffic regimes. The results in term of social risk, as F/N curves, show that the risk level for combinations of VHP and percentage of HGVs can be beyond the threshold of intolerable risk. As a result, safety measures in order to reduce the risk level must be taken. In this respect, the Tunnel Management Agency (TMA) can permit, for normal traffic conditions, that HGVs pass through the tunnel only during night or along an alternative route runs completely in open air. Also in the event of a temporary lane closure for maintenance needs, the risk level can be beyond the safety limit. Risk charts are proposed for assisting the TMA in making decisions on traffic control strategies. Keywords— Bi-directional traffic flow, Freight vehicles, Quantitative risk analysis, Road tunnel, Temporary traffic regime.


Based on the research progress of TCM for elderly people with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) and the author's study practice,the paper made a summary and discussion on the work-related issues of CAP,included the proposal of the "accumulation of aging damage and pyretic toxicity damage on the lung" pathogenesis hypothesis,the establishment of the syndrome classification and diagnostic criteria,the study of curative effect evaluation,the research of the diagnosis and treatment guidelines,the development of the curative effect evaluation index system and the assessment tools,the build of the animal model and the discussion of mechanism.There were four key points that should be pay attention for the treatment of elderly people with CAP by TCM: The studies of pathogenesis and syndrome were the theoretical basis for individual syndrome differentiation and treatment,it should be focus on change regular pattern of the disease to improve the standard of the contents of syndrome,it also should pay attention to the characteristics of the elderly patients;the study of curative effect evaluation and its methods should not only follow the internationally recognized method but also highlight the advantages of TCM evaluation method and application,which were the guarantee of getting high quality evidence;the study of the formulation and application of the diagnosis and treatment guidelines should combine different actual factors(regional,climate,etc.) for continuous improvement,or formulate appropriate clinical diagnosis path by using the guidelines,which provided guidance for the transformation of clinical research achievements;the build and application of the animal model should combine characters of TCM evaluation with practical and useful methodology,which provided the basis for exploring the action mechanism,developing new drugs,optimizing treatment methods or study protocol.


This research abstract the typical significance of dry scenery gardening culture,the form and landscape factor by comparing Japanese and Chinese gardening.In order to seek the direction which the contemporary design should innovate from the comparison research.Furthermore,the article elaborated the development of current Chinese garden design,while it promulgated the question and disparity which emphasized the demanding of China to the landscape innovation design in the current Chinese landscape design,Finally the quality and development direction of current garden design is obtain through the above comparison research and the research technique which selects to.


In Chapter 26 we return to calculating the contributions to the specific heat of a crystal from the vibrations of the atoms. The vibrations of a model of a solid, for which the interactions are quadratic in form, is investigated. Calculations are restricted to one dimension for simplicity in the derivations of the Fourier modes and the equations of motion. Both pinned and periodic boundary conditions are discussed. The representation of the Hamiltonian in terms of normal modes and the solution in terms of the equations of motion are derived. The Debye approximation is then introduced for three-dimensional systems.


A unified picture for the Raman response of magnetic excitations in cuprate spin-ladder compounds is obtained by comparing calculated two-triplon Raman line shapes to those of the prototypical compounds $\mathrm{Sr}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (Sr123), ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{14}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{24}{\mathrm{O}}_{41}$ (Sr14), and ${\mathrm{La}}_{6}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{8}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{24}{\mathrm{O}}_{41}$ (La6Ca8). The theoretical model for the two-leg ladder contains Heisenberg exchange couplings ${J}_{\ensuremath{\Vert}}$ and ${J}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ plus an additional four-spin interaction ${J}_{\mathrm{cyc}}$. Within this model Sr123 and Sr14 can be described by $x\ensuremath{\mathrel{:=}}{J}_{\ensuremath{\Vert}}∕{J}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=1.5$, ${x}_{\mathrm{cyc}}\ensuremath{\mathrel{:=}}{J}_{\mathrm{cyc}}∕{J}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=0.2$, ${J}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}^{\mathrm{Sr}123}=1130\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and ${J}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}^{\mathrm{Sr}14}=1080\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The couplings found for La6Ca8 are $x=1.2$, ${x}_{\mathrm{cyc}}=0.2$, and ${J}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}^{\mathrm{La}6\mathrm{Ca}8}=1130\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The unexpected sharp two-triplon peak in the ladder materials compared to the undoped two-dimensional cuprates can be traced back to the anisotropy of the magnetic exchange in rung and leg direction. With the results obtained for the isotropic ladder, we calculate the Raman line shape of a two-dimensional square lattice using a toy model consisting of a vertical and a horizontal ladder. A direct comparison of these results with Raman experiments for the two-dimensional cuprates ${\mathrm{R}}_{5}\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}(\mathrm{R}=\mathrm{La},\mathrm{Nd})$, ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cl}}_{2}$, and $\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{6+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ yields a good agreement for the dominating two-triplon peak. We conclude that short-range quantum fluctuations are dominating the magnetic Raman response in both ladders and planes. We discuss possible scenarios responsible for the high-energy spectral weight of the Raman line shape, i.e., phonons, the triple-resonance, and multiparticle contributions.


This article is one of the by-products of ongoing research on the urban production practices, the planning system and their implications on the development of Istanbul. It focuses on the diffusion of international ideas and experiences and its effects on the constitution of the urban planning system in Istanbul. The differing diffusion patterns of these ideas and experiences seem to provoke two conflicting processes, one in favour and the other against the urban planning system. This duality seems to be one of the reasons of the ongoing deficiency of the urban planning system.


Air absorbed dose rates evaluated from uranium, thorium and potassium contents in rock samples (rock dose rate) have been compared with K2O data in order to understand lithologic characteristics of terrestrial γ-ray dose rate levels in granitic rock terrains. The comparison showed that the dose rate increased with increasing K2O content of rock. The crystallization differentiation model of magma was used to analyze this trend quantitatively. Next, data sets were compiled with respect to dose rate measured on soil (soil dose rate) and K2O content of bedrock at the corresponding site. A semi-empirical formula expressing the soil dose rate as a function of K2O content of rock was derived by comparing with the rock dose rate analysis.


The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine (FPM) is partnering with its journals —Health Policy and Technology and the Postgraduate Medical Journal —to launch international awards for well-informed, clear writing on health matters in social media.

Patients, members of the public, health professionals and policymakers increasingly use social media as a source for health information and to guide important decisions on choices and actions about prevention and treatment of disease. Where the information is accurate and easy to follow, this can be very helpful. However, we are increasingly at the mercy of a spectrum of unreliability, from incomplete or inaccurate reports, to claims that inconvenient truths are 'fake news'.

These are not new problems. …


Taiwan, together with her three counterparts, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore, saw growth rates so high during the Cold War that outsiders labeled them the "four little dragons" and sought to learn the secrets of their success. Political economists in the 1990s argued that the state led the economic growth in these polities and termed them (excepting Hong Kong) "developmental." In examining the nationalist (Kuomintang, KMT) government's science and technology policy in Taiwan, Megan Greene asserts that the formation of the developmental state was a highly contingent process. Through reviewing archival material and personal correspondence from Taiwanese government leaders, ministries, and commissions as well as published annual reports, Greene argues that Taiwan became a developmental state in the 1970s, as opposed to previous scholarship that argued for an earlier date of 1930s. The process depended on external factors such as the threats posed by the People's Republic of China's (PRC) nuclear weapons program and the interventions of the US science and technology (S&T) missions to Taiwan. Indigenous efforts by Taiwanese technocrats in translating rhetoric into real institutional frameworks for industrysociety collaboration such as the Industrial Technology Research Institute and the Hsinchu Science Park were also crucial in the transformation of Taiwan into a developmental state. Chapter 1 shows how the KMT government started on the path of developmentalism on the mainland during the war. Through the formation of Academia Sinica and the National Resources Commission, as well as the promotion of the national defense science movement on the mainland, the KMT government sought to incorporate Western S&T into wartime industries and research facilities. However, as most scientists chose not to retreat with the nationalists to Taiwan after 1949, the new government had little talent to draw from in fostering S&T research. Coupled with the relatively low rates of industrial development in Taiwan and the poverty of the KMT state, S&T development came to a halt in the early years of the Republic of


In the recent years, there has been reduction in the usage of organic manures and increase in the use of inorganic fertilizers to obtain higher yields from hybrids and improved varieties. The conjunctive use of chemical fertilizers and organic manures is important to maintain and sustain soil fertility and crop productivity. Organic manures enrich soil organic matter, improve soil physical and biological environment and act as store house of nutrients. The enzyme activity in soil is considered as an index of microbial activity, which is influenced by nature, age of crop and addition of fertilizers and manures. Intensive use of fertilizers, nutrients, manures and other soil amendments used to maximize production may thus affect soil properties. The activities of micro-organisms play a major role in nutrient recycling, organic matter decomposition and turnover. The population and functions of microorganisms cannot be over-looked while considering the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 03 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Cancer patient and staff perceptions of the importance of caring behaviors were identifiedby the Caring Assessment Instrument (CARE-Q, forced and free response formats).Patients' emotional distress ...


[Objective]To study the protection work against medical X-rays,provide safety management for radiation-exposed working staff and the public and improve the quality of radiation protection and provide suggestions for avoiding the occurrence of radioactive accidents.[Methods]A unified questionnaire was used to investigate the units and institutions with medical X-rays on site.[Results]Only 75% of the hospitals accorded with the standard in the 8 investigated projects;the eligible rates of the administration system and the leaders' attitude toward radiation protection were 59.8% and 43.0% respectively.[Conclusion]Great importance should be attached to the awareness of radiation protection legislations among the leaders and radiation-exposed working staff.


Cracking control technology is one of the bottlenecks retarding the wide application and further industrialization of laser rapid forming nickel based alloys.This paper analyzed the reasons of the cracking generation in laser rapid forming nickel based alloys from the microstructure,phase composition,residual stress,macro morphology and fracture observation of the cladding layers.Corresponding cracking control strategies were also proposed.The investigations indicate that the cracks of laser cladding forming nickel based alloys are mainly the brittle cold cracks caused by low ductility induced by hard brittle phases and internal residual stress resulted from high temperature gradients.Through the adjustment of alloy composition,optimization of process parameters,and introduction of ultrasonic vibration,laser rapid forming microstructures can be improved,plasticity and toughness can be enhanced,and residual stress can be reduced, therefore,the cracking susceptibility can be reduced and cracks can even be eliminated.


We call k integers x1 < x2 … < xk chosen from 1, 2, …, n} a k-choice (combination) from n. With 1, 2, …, n arranged in a circle, so that 1 and n are consecutive, we have a circular k-choice from n. A part of a k-choice from n is a sequence of consecutive integers not contained in a longer one. Let denote the number of circular k-choices from n with exactly r parts all ≤ w.


The training goals of higher vocational colleges may result in the striking features of their English teaching.Through the case study of art major students of a higher vocational college in Guangdong,this paper analyzes its current status of English teaching based on the need analysis theory and the questionnaire,and then proceeds to put forward some suggestion of applying ESP model to English teaching and explores the feasibility to improve the current teaching to realize the curriculum objectives.


: Ultrasonic welders provide information pertaining to the input parameters and resulting power usage during the welding operation. This information, however, does not offer the user a high level of confidence in weld quality. Furthermore, analysis of parameter interaction is not known nor provided in the user interfaces of these machines but may improve the effectiveness of tracking weld quality. Prospective sensor technologies for ultrasonic weld monitoring have been identified for this purpose and described in the following study. These sensors measure shear force at the weld, displacement of the horn in the vertical and lateral directions, and the voltage and current supplied to the transducer. All sensors have been installed along a linear ultrasonic welder and are undergoing evaluation for future integration as in situ weld monitoring tools. Preliminary results show correlation of weld quality to signal profiles, especial between shear force and current.


So far, most spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) provide services for the generation of fixed-scale maps only. In a project funded by the German Ministry of Education and Science, the potential of grid computing for the deployment of geographic data processing services beyond this standard case is investigated. One of the services to be developed in this context is the generalization of 3D building models. This problem is important for almost all applications that are concerned with city models (e.g. environmental analysis or disaster management) because data sets are often quite large in this context and their size has to be reduced without losing relevant information. In order to deal with the complexity of the task, it is divided into three steps: feature extraction, building of a generalization tree and processing of a specific generalization request. Grammars are used in the description of all these steps to ensure the high degree of flexibility that is needed for a generic generalization framework; the maximum distinguishable feature size is the control parameter that serves as a link between the different components and drives the generalization process. In the paper, an architecture is presented for a system that is based on these approaches. Because the system is going to be deployed as a service within a computing grid, parallelization is an important issue to make optimal use of the computing power offered by the grid.


It is important for clinicians and researchers to be able to document responsive-ness of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) to treatment. Structured and vali-dated methods of assessment are receiving increasing attention. This paper is a review of the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living scale (MG-ADL), a patient-reported outcome measure administered by trained personnel that can be completed in under 10 minutes and assesses MG symptoms and functional status. The scale is noted to be reliable and valid, and to be significantly corre-lated with other measures of MG. Its increasing use as a primary outcome measure in clinical trials is emphasized, and the concept of minimal symptom expression as an outcome measure to determine treatment success is reviewed.


The current online Performance Management System (SMK) has not been able to be fully implemented (20,200 data have not been inputted), so it has an impact on the less than optimal pattern of management of HR measurement and assessment, both from the aspect of specific factors (work contracts and additional assignments). as well as generic factors (member performance behavior (PKA), rewards, and punishments). The focus of the research in this study is on optimizing the online performance management system or online Vocational High School on the human resources (HR) of the East Java Regional Police. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The conclusion of this research is Optimizing the application of rating scale criteria in each Polri personnel work unit which consists of performance appraisal/measurement based on regional vulnerability opportunities (integrated with 13 components). Optimization of the standard pattern of online SMK performance is carried out by carrying out 8 aspects in the form of a personnel record function, as well as the optimization of the supervision pattern on the implementation of online SMK is strengthened through the supervisory role by the Regional Supervisory Inspectorate (Itwasda) of the East Java Police by carrying out responsibilities, functions, and the role of technical supervision in awareness discipline. Online Vocational High School filling.


Electro-optic (EO) polymer is a promising candidate for active materials in realizing optical modulator. It offers high-speed switching and high-bandwidth optical modulator devices. We study thermally-curable polycyanurate (PCN) doped high nonlinear optical chromophore (DPT) to create a guest-host EO polymer with thermally stable second-order nonlinearity. We fabricated the PCN-based EO optical waveguide by using simple thermal imprint lithography technology using silicone mold and we realized a single-mode propagation at a wavelength of 1300 nm by fine-tuning the refractive index of the core and cladding materials.


Abstract The study highlights aspects of the hybrid war waged by the Russian Federation in order to maintain, strengthen its areas of influence, penetrating areas inaccessible by classical means. The paper brings to the fore the nationalist interests, characteristics, objectives, tools and means used by the Russians in the current hybrid war. Using a reflective logic regarding the fact that there is a current of opinion in the US Armed Forces that argues that the real challenge for the United States is not the asymmetric war but the Transcendent War, I express the opinion that the Russian Federation also considers this issue. In this context, I draw attention to the research conducted in Romania on Distal Psychoinformational Influence as an offensive-defensive weapon that manifests itself without material support and acts subliminally, transcendently, in operations of knowledge, influence, domination and control of the opponent, both psychoemotional as well as somatic.


Abstract In this paper we demonstrate a controlled fabrication of vertically aligned silicon nanowires (Si NWs) on n-type (100)-oriented and p-type (111)-oriented Si wafers by metal-assisted chemical etching (MaCE) method. The etching of Si-wafer samples covered with Ag nanoparticles as catalyst agents was carried out in HF/H2O2/H2O solution of various volumetric ratios. We show that molar concentration of AgNO3, Ag-nanoparticles deposition time, and the etching time determine the shape and size of produced Si NWs. Vertically aligned tall Si NWs can be produced by immersing the n-Si(100) wafer with pre-deposited from AgNO3 [22mM]/HF [5M]-solution silver nanoparticles in the etchant HF/H2O2/H2O (4:1:4) for different time. When the duration of Ag-deposition increased from 15 to 30 s in a solution 22 mM AgNO3/5 M HF, the etching rate of Ag-loaded n-Si(100) samples was found to be the same (∼ 1.6 µm/min). For 120 s Ag-deposited samples, the etching rate decreased to 560 nm/min. So, the height and density of Si NWs can be accurately controlled by varying the etching time as the vertical etching rate remained constant for 15 and 30 s Ag-deposited samples. Also we show that in case of p-Si(111), highly structured array of Si NWs can be produced only after a 30 min etching of the p-Si(111) wafer covered with Ag deposited from AgNO3 [22mM]/HF [5M]-solution in an etchant HF/H2O2/H2O (4:1:8).


Online news are now ubiquitous and are accessed on billions of devices daily [1]. With the abundance of news content being created everyday, it is of greater and greater importance to filter out news and recommend a selected relevant few to each user. Without news recommendation, user experience would be very poor as users would drown in the flow of articles. In the MIND News Recommendation Challenge, the participants task is to build a model predicting whether or not a user will click on a given news, given a user history. In other words, given a user news clicking history:


Total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and pathogenic Escherichia coli O157: H7 were measured in domestic wastewater and biologically treated wastewater from 75 treatment plants serving various types of buildings. The means for the influents of all the plants were 3.7×105 CFU/ml of total coliforms, 1.4×105 CFU/ml of fecal coliforms, and pathogenic E. coli O157 was not detected. The means for the effluents were 4.6×103 CFU/ml of total coliforms, and 1.1×103 CFU/ml of fecal coliforms. Seventy-nine percent of the plants complied with the effluent standards, revealing that efficient treatment can considerably reduce total coliforms even before disinfection. In Johkasous serving multiple dwelling houses, total coliforms in the influents showed relatively small time-serial and seasonal variations, and flow equalization tanks contributed to efficient treatment, resulting in the constant presence of few bacteria in the effluents.A high correlation was obtained between total coliforms and fecal coliforms. A correlation was also found between BOD and total coliforms in the effluents. Total coliforms can be decreased by extending the retention time in a biological reactor, where nitrification can proceed. So operation methods which promote nitrification can reduce total coliforms effectively. The mean removal efficiency of total coliforms was higher using the activated sludge process than the contact aeration process.


In this paper, we consider the following chemotaxis model with indirect signal consumption: ut=Δum−∇·(u∇v),x∈Ω,t>0,vt=Δv−vw,x∈Ω,t>0,wt=−δw+u,x∈Ω,t>0$$ \left\{\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill {u}_t& =\Delta {u}^m-\nabla \cdotp \left(u\nabla v\right),\hfill & \hfill \kern2em x\in \Omega, t>0,\\ {}\hfill {v}_t& =\Delta v- vw,\hfill & \hfill \kern2em x\in \Omega, t>0,\\ {}\hfill {w}_t& =-\delta w+u,\hfill & \hfill \kern2em x\in \Omega, t>0\end{array}\right. $$ under the homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions for u$$ u $$ and v$$ v $$ in a bounded convex domain Ω⊂ℝ3$$ \Omega \subset {\mathbb{R}}^3 $$ with smooth boundary, where δ>0$$ \delta >0 $$ is a given parameter. It is shown that for each m>4/3$$ m>4/3 $$ , the global weak solutions exist whenever the initial data (u0,v0,w0)$$ \left({u}_0,{v}_0,{w}_0\right) $$ are sufficiently regular satisfying u0≥0,v0≥0$$ {u}_0\ge 0,{v}_0\ge 0 $$ and w0≥0$$ {w}_0\ge 0 $$ . Moreover, it is proved that the global solution (u,v,w)$$ \left(u,v,w\right) $$ converges to ū0,0,ū0δ$$ \left({\bar{u}}_0,0,\frac{{\bar{u}}_0}{\delta}\right) $$ in L∞(Ω)$$ {L}^{\infty}\left(\Omega \right) $$ as t→∞$$ t\to \infty $$ . In particular, we extend the recent result of Liu–Li–Huang [Y Liu, Z Li and J Huang, Global boundedness and large time behavior of a chemotaxis system with indirect signal absorption, J. Differential Equations 269 (2020) 6365‐6399] to the nonlinear diffusion case.


The loss of Space Shuttle Columbia and her crew led to the creation of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB), which concluded that a piece of external fuel tank insulating foam impacted the Shuttle's wing leading edge. The foam created a hole in the reinforced carbon/carbon (RCC) insulating material which gravely compromised the Shuttle's thermal protection system (TPS). In response to the CAIB recommendation, the upcoming Return to Flight Shuttle Mission (STS-114) NASA will include a Shuttle deployed sensor suite which, among other sensors, will include two laser sensing systems, Sandia National Lab's Laser Dynamic Range Imager (LDRI) and Neptec's Laser Camera System (LCS) to collect 3-D imagery of the Shuttle's exterior. Herein is described a ground-based statistical testing procedure that will be used by NASA as part of a damage detection performance assessment studying the performance of each of the two laser radar systems in detecting and identifying impact damage to the Shuttle. A statistical framework based on binomial and Bayesian statistics is used to describe the probability of detection and associated statistical confidence. A mock-up of a section of Shuttle wing RCC with interchangeable panels includes a random pattern of 1/4" and 1" diameter holes on the simulated RCC panels and is cataloged prior to double-blind testing. A team of ladar sensor operators will acquire laser radar imagery of the wing mock-up using a robotic platform in a laboratory at Johnson Space Center to execute linear image scans of the wing mock-up. The test matrix will vary robotic platform motion to simulate boom wobble and alter lighting and background conditions at the 6.5 foot and 10 foot sensor-wing stand-off distances to be used on orbit. A separate team of image analysts will process and review the data and characterize and record the damage that is found. A suite of software programs has been developed to support hole location definition, damage disposition recording, statistical data analysis and results presentation. The result of the statistical analysis will provide a quantitative indication of the laboratory performance of the ladar systems in the role of through hole damage detection.


Conformational changes of the weak polyelectrolyte poly(acrylic acid) are monitored by polarized Raman spectroscopy as a function of molecular weight and concentration when the polymer is ionized under salt-free conditions. Persistence lengths are obtained by interpreting the depolarization ratio for CH stretching in terms of the relative number of gauche and trans conformers and then inserting these conformer statistics into a simplified rotational isomeric state model. The results show that in semidilute solution, chains extend beyond persistence lengths predicted by wormlike chain models that employ the full Poisson-Boltzmann equation, irrespective of molecular weight. In dilute solution, on the other hand, the data agree best with models that adopt the Debye-Huckel approximation. Manning condensation is not followed in either concentration regime for the molecular weights studied inasmuch as the persistence length increases at ionizations above the condensation threshold. The concentration dependent intrinsic persistence length found may be attributed to the amount of cooperativity exhibited by hydrogen bonding.


(54) FUNCTIONALIZATION OF SILK MATERIAL (52) U.S. Cl. ......................................... 435/7.1:530/350 BY AVIDIN-BIOTIN INTERACTION (58) Field of Classification Search ................... 435/7.1; 530/350 (75) Inventors: R IEWEd MA S.S. See application file for complete search history. Iaoqin Wang, W1nchester, Monica A. Serban, Melrose, MA (US) (56) References Cited (73) Assignee: Trustees of Tufts College, Medford, MA (US) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS


Disclosed are substrates having an electronic component, including a frame having a through hole, the electronic component disposed in the through hole, a first wiring portion formed on a surface of the frame and the electronic component, a first layer formed on the first wiring portion, and a second wiring portion formed on the first layer, and the second wiring portion including an antenna layer.


This study analyzes the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on impulse buying on the marketplace platform in Jakarta. This research is motivated because the COVID-19 pandemic period lasted quite a long time. Therefore, this research was conducted so that it can be useful for entrepreneurs or marketplace sellers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive quantitative method. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and literature study. The techniques used in statistical testing include validity testing, reliability testing, and hypothesis testing. When the research was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021. The results obtained were that there was a relationship between variables, such as mobile marketing, discounts, and lifestyle that could affect impulse buying on the marketplace even though they were moderately related.


Tourism market competitiveness comes from the satisfaction of tourist. According to the characteristics of recreational fishery,starting from the factors that affect the tourist satisfaction, this paper uses Fornell's customer satisfaction index theory, from the practical point of view, in order to build recreational fishery tourist satisfaction evaluation index system.


Aperture synthesis passive imaging system requires more input channels to achieve higher spatial resolution, leading to a square rate growth of connection between channels. To reduce the connection complexity in multi-channel aperture synthesis system, a novel double-layer distributed transmission and processing structure is proposed in this paper. The proposed structure is composed of fully-interconnected inner layers and ring-shaped outer layers, providing the ability for distributed computation and the scalability of the system. A data transmission method for the proposed structure is also presented to ensure that the correlation computation can be calculated in real time and without redundancy. The implementation of the proposed structure is analyzed, such as the uniform distribution of the calculation through the system, the tradeoff between the connection complexity and the transmission bandwidth, etc. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the system and demonstrate that the proposed structure can tolerate high transmission delay and achieve good transmission utilization.


In this study, the authors consider certificateless signature (CLS) schemes for strong non-repudiation. They show that previous security models which ensure that any user can have a unique key pair cannot guarantee a CLS scheme to achieve strong non-repudiation. The authors then fix the security model and propose a new CLS scheme which provides strong non-repudiation under the new model, assuming the computational Diffie–Hellman problem is intractable.


Abstract This paper provides an original description and analysis of processes in the morphophonology of several Luyia languages of western Kenya, focusing on the differential behaviour of long vowels across and within languages. We discuss patterns of allomorphy of the perfective suffix which are either sensitive or insensitive to the contrast between short vs long vowels, depending on the number of syllables in the base to which the suffix attaches. We also discuss tonal patterns which differ from one another in their sensitivity to vowel length differences. We show that some tonal rules operate solely in terms of moras, while others require reference to whole syllables, irrespective of whether the syllable has a long or short vowel. Others still are sensitive to vowel length differences in some syllables but not others.


The author has identified the following significant results. Imagery of the African rift system resolves the major Cainozoic faults, zones of warping, and associated volcanism. It also clearly depicts the crystal grain of the Precambrian rocks where these are exposed. New structural features, or new properties of known features such as greater extent, continuity, and linearity are revealed by ERTS-1 imagery. This applies, for example, to the NE-SW fracture zones in Yemen, the Aswa mylonite zone at the northern end of the Western Rift, the Nandi fault of western Kenya, the linear faults of the Elgeyo escarpment in the Gregory Rift, and the hemibasins of warped Tertiary lavas on the Red Sea margin of Yemen, matching those of Ethiopian plateau-Afar margin. A tentative scheme is proposed, relating the effect on the pattern of Cainozoic faulting of the degree of obliquity to Precambrian structural trend. It is particularly noteworthy that, even where the Precambrian grain determines the rift faulting to be markedly oblique to the overall trend of the rift trough, for example, in central Lake Tanganyika, the width of the trough is not significantly increased. Some ground mapped lithological boundaries are obscure on ERTS-1 imagery.


INTRODUCTION
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the seventh most common cancer among women in the world and the leading cause of death from gynaecological malignancies. The standard treatment for advanced EOC consists of optimal primary debulking surgery (PDS) associated with an adjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) have been proposed in the management of advanced EOC to increase the rate of complete citoreductive surgery and to reduce morbidity and mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted to compare the oncologic and postoperative outcomes of NACT and IDS with PDS followed by chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer.

EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
We conducted a search on the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane and Scopus. All randomized controlled trials (RCT), cohort and case-control studies comparing primary debulking surgery (PDS) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) in ovarian cancer published in English until 28 February 2019 were considered eligible.

EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
20 studies were included in the systematic review. As regards the meta-analysis, only studies that allowed the data we needed to be extracted were included: 5 were included for the evaluation of OS and PFS and 9 for the evaluation of major postoperative complications and days of hospital stay.

CONCLUSIONS
From the meta-analysis of the current available literature, none of the two investigated procedures have proven to be superior in term of OS and PFS in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. However surgical complexity and post-operative complications are reduced in the IDS group.


1 in the measurement chamber adapted for making at least one test sample (108) and for receiving excitation radiation for incidence on said at least one sample (108) and system (100) detecting radiation, comprising a measuring zone (104) for generating a radiation from a sample, the system (100) detecting the radiation, further comprising at least one detector element (106) for detecting radiation generated by the sample! wherein the excitation radiation is incident on a first side of the measuring zone (104) in the measurement chamber, and wherein the at least one detector element (106) located on the second side of the measuring zone (104) in the measurement chamber, the second side opposite the first side with respect to the measuring zone (104 ) in the measuring chamber! wherein the system (100) of detecting further comprises optical means (112) for guiding said excitation radiation aside the at least one detector element (106). ! 2. The system (100) detecting radiation according to claim 1, wherein the optical means (112) comprises shielding means adapted substantially to shield the at least one detector element (106) from said excitation radiation. ! 3. The system (100) detecting radiation according to claim 2, wherein the shielding means comprises a first shielding element (202), intended for substantially shielding direct incidence of the exciting radiation is at least one detector element (106). ! 4. The system (100) detecting radiation according to claim 3, wherein the shielding means furthermore, including


Effect of varying NH4 !N: NO3!N ratios on wheat yield and N utilization on artificially salinized soil with salinity regimes of 0, 6 and 12 dS mG under pot culture conditions revealed that productive tillers, grain, straw and total biomass were the highest with NH4 !N: NO3!N ratio of 50:50. These growth parameters were the lowest where either NH4 !N or NO3!N was used alone. Similarly N uptake and N recovery in wheat was significantly higher at optimum NH4 !N: NO3!N ratio of 50:50 than where NH4 !N or NO3!N alone was used. Increasing salinity levels significantly reduced the wheat yield and N utilization. However, balanced N nutrition was helpful to ameliorate the harmful affect of salinity to some extent.


The phenomena known as haze, fog, mist, and rain are in a general way but the successive development of the same process, and the line which divides the one from the other is very indefinite. Dust in the atmosphere produces a haze, and the thickness of a haze of this kind depends principally on the amount of dust present when the relative humidity of the atmosphere is very low. But as the humidity increases the effect of the vapour increases also; the dust particles attract the water vapour which becomes deposited on them, thus increasing their size and their hazing effect, till at last when the air is nearly saturated it becomes very thick, and forms what we call a fog; when in this condition, the thickness of the atmosphere depends principally on the degree of saturation. Between the haze and the fog, however, there is no recognised distinction in kind, it is principally one of degree. After the air is saturated and the conditions are such as to tend to cause supersaturation, then a change takes place in the condensation. A few of the dust particles have water deposited on them, and after a time they grow and become little drops of water, in which the original dust nucleus bears a very small proportion to the total weight. At this stage it is still called a fog, but after more water is deposited on the small drops they grow and become what is known as mist, and when the mist drops combine and fall they are called rain-drops.


We describe optimization of a peripheral blood mononuclear leukocyte proliferation assay and development of an interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression assay for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes obtained from both Sea World (February 1993) and the Naval Command Control and Ocean Surveillance Center (March 1993) (San Diego, California, USA) were stimulated with the mitogens concanavalin A (ConA) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and evaluated for optimum proliferation and IL-2R expression. Based on these optimization assays, standard conditions were established and used to assess immune function in a population of apparently healthy, free-ranging bottlenose dolphins from Sarasota Bay, Florida (USA) in June 1993. A positive correlation was observed between proliferation assays using ConA and PHA as the stimulants. However, IL-2R expression induced by both mitogens differed significantly.


Trimusculotrema warnaki gen. et sp. nov. is described from the skin of Himantura uarank Forsskal. Trimusculotrema is distinguished from other genera in the Benedeniinae by the following combination of anatomical features: accessory sclerites and anterior hamuli small; haptor with two or three intrinsic, concentric muscle bands; haptor papillate ventrally; cirrus sac with internal seminal vesicle and spermatophore matrix reservoir; separate male and female pores opening ventrally and dorsally respectively; vagina short. On the basis of these features Benedenia micracantha Euzet and Maillard, 1967 from the skin and B. leucanthemum Euzet and Maillard, 1967 from the gills of Dasyatis marmorata Steindachner off Senegal are transferred to the new genus as Trimusculotrema micracantha comb. nov. and T. leucanthemum comb. nov. The presence of haptoral papillae, noted previously in some species of Entobdella, perhaps indicates that the new genus is more closely related to entobdellids than to benedeniids. Several l...


Objective To study Eselectin expression in rat
kidney suffered from ischemia and preservation/reperfusion injury. Methods Total RNA in rat
renal tissues suffered from ischemia and preservation/reperfusion injury was assayed by
means of Chomzyski technique.The warm ischemia time of the renal tissue has been 1530min,
preserved for 2448h and reperfused for 816h.Qualitative analysis of Eselectin mRNA was
performed by Northern blot hybridization. Results Eselectin mRNA has been absent in ischemic
and preserved kidney tissues but was expressed in all the samples after
reperfusion.However,the expression level of Eselectin mRNA has been temporally suppressed
in early reperfusion. Conclusions Reperfusion induced the Eselectin mRNA in ischemic and
preserved kidney tissues.Hypothermia or substrate in the preservation solution might
temporally suppress the Eselectin mRNA expression in the ischemic and preserved kidney
tissues in rats.


The invention discloses a self-drying hammer paint which relates to the technical field of chemical engineering. The self-drying hammer paint is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of polyurethane resin, 3-8 parts of photoinitiator, 1-3 parts of hammer finish additive, 30-50 parts of dimethylbenzene and 5-8 parts of non-floating aluminum powder. The self-drying hammer paint has good oil resistance, toughness, wear resistance, aging resistance and adhesiveness, is clear in pattern, strong in stereoscopic impression, fast to dry, high in hardness, good in mechanical property, strong in adhesive force, strong in decorative performance and good in protective performance, can be used as a protective and decorative coating for various machines, light and heavy equipment, machine tools, instruments, fans, water pumps, safes, metal doors and windows and the like, and can be used for concealing hackly flaws on the surfaces of various metals, thereby achieving the art decorative effect.


The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of fear and embarrassment-inducing situations on affihiative preferences and choice behavior. Sixty male subjects were threatened with either the prospect of putting their finger into water, the prospect of electric shock, or the prospect of sucking on infantile oral objects. They ran individually but met another subject before engaging in the experiment. The major findings were: (a) embarrassment manipulation was effective on self-ratings but not on affihiative preferences and choice behavior (b) subjects who met with a familiar partner showed affihiative choice (c) among the subjects who met with an unfamiliar partner those in the first run chose to be alone, but those in the second showed affiliation. The results were discussed in terms of the needs for self-evaluation and for cognitive clarity.


The problem of low usage of e-learning system still exists due to some factors that cause students' reluctance to use this system. However, the successful implementation of e-learning system relies on understanding the adoption factors as well as the main challenges that face the current e-learning systems. There is lack of agreement about the main factors that shape the successful adoption of e-learning system; hence, a clear gap has been identified in the knowledge on the critical factors of e-learning adoption. Therefore, this research seeks to explore the main challenges that face the current e-learning systems and investigate the main factors that support the adoption of e-learning system. This study employed the interview approach using thematic analysis through NVivo software. The interview was conducted with 31 experts in e-learning systems at five Jordanian universities. The results highlight 20 e-learning adoption factors and challenges that strengthen the findings from previous literature. The study reveals e-learning system adoption factors and challenges, namely, change management issues, financial support issues, e-learning system quality factors, culture factors, Self-efficacy factors and trust factors, which unexplored in e-learning system adoption literature previously.