The aim of this work was to evaluate the adaptive capacity of a technical college student living in an industrial city in Eastern Siberia. The paper presents the results of the assessment offunctionality of the cardiovascular system of students of technical and economic disciplines. In the present study we used physiological research methods, including the assessment of the functional state of the cardiovascular system, taking into account the reactions to physical exercise and evaluation of adaptive capacity with the calculation of the index of functional changes (1F1) by R.M. Baevsky. To assess the level of stress in the regulation of the cardiovascular system determines the type of self-regulation of blood circulation. Average levels of systolic blood pressure inyoung economists somewhat lower (128,3 ± 2,0 mm Hg) than in boys of technical specialties, which is more favorable prognostic sign. Do students and economists across the figure was significantly higher (119,5 ± 1,7 mm Hg; p < 0,05) than that of female students of technical specialties. 1n 27,3 ± 9,3 % of boys and 45,4 ± 15,0 % of girls of technical specialty we observed normotonic response to physical activity (p < 0,05). Among students of economics from the fixed normotonic type of reaction from 40,0 ± 21,9 % of boys and 50,0 ± 8,5 % of girls. Hypertensive type of response was found in 68,2 ± 9,4 % of boys and 45,4 ± 15,0 % of girls technical specialty (p < 0,05). 1n addition in 4,5 ± 4,3 % of surveyed youths and 9,1 ± 8,4 % of girls of the same type of specialty marked dystonic reactions to physical activity, which, as a hypertensive, is unfavorable. Among students of economics from hypertensive type of response was found in 60,0 ± 21,9 % of boys and 42,3 ± 8,4 % of girls. Dystonic reaction to physical activity only found in girls (7,7 ± 5,1 %). 1t was revealed that 63,9 % of students had reduced functionality of the functional voltage detected in 79,0 % of boys and 48,8 % girls among all the surveyed students. 1n male students of technical specialties functional stress occurred 2,4 times more often than in female students, in those of economic specialization -1,5 times more often than in girls. The girls who are enrolled in the economic stream functional stress occurred 1,6 times more often in comparison with girls of technological flow. The results show a decrease in adaptive capacity in a cohort of students.


THE PHYSIOLOGIC effects of coffee are due entirely to its caffeine content. Following its oral administration it is rapidly absorbed and its effects are almost immediately apparent. Coffee is one of the most common beverages utilized in this and many other countries. The amount consumed by the average individual approximates three cups a day; many coffee drinkers exceed this figure, some consuming as many as ten to 15 cups a day. The average amount of caffeine contained in the usual percolator type of coffee is approximately 150 mg per cup, while "instant coffee" contains approximately 80 to 90 mg and decaffeinated coffee contains about 15 to 25 mg per cup. 1 Other beverages, such as cola drink, 2 contain from 46 to 53 mg per 12 ounce bottle. The pharmacologic effects of caffeine are fairly well known; these include an increase in the excitability of the nervous system, in alertness,


In 1960 Ore proved the following theorem: Let G be a graph of order n. If d(u) + d(v)≥n for every pair of nonadjacent vertices u and v, then G is hamiltonian. Since then for several other graph properties similar sufficient degree conditions have been obtained, so‐called "Ore‐type degree conditions". In [R. J. Faudree, R. H. Schelp, A. Saito, and I. Schiermeyer, Discrete Math 307 (2007), 873–877], Faudree et al. strengthened Ore's theorem as follows: They determined the maximum number of pairs of nonadjacent vertices that can have degree sum less than n (i.e. violate Ore's condition) but still imply that the graph is hamiltonian. In this article we prove that for some other graph properties the corresponding Ore‐type degree conditions can be strengthened as well. These graph properties include traceable graphs, hamiltonian‐connected graphs, k‐leaf‐connected graphs, pancyclic graphs, and graphs having a 2‐factor with two components. Graph closures are computed to show these results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 69: 314–323, 2012


The CISG-AC started as a private initiative supported by the Institute of International Commercial Law at Pace University School of Law and the Centre for Commercial Law Studies, Queen Mary, University of London. The International Sales Convention Advisory Council (CISG-AC) is in place to support understanding of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the promotion and assistance in the uniform interpretation of the CISG. At its formative meeting in Paris in June 2001, prof. Peter Schlechtriem of Freiburg University, Germany, was elected chair of the CISG-AC for a three-year term. Dr. Loukas a. Mistelis of the Centre for Commercial Law Studies, Queen Mary, University of London, was elected secretary. The founding members of the CISG-AC were prof. Emeritus Eric E. Bergsten, Pace University School of Law, prof. Michael Joachim Bonell, University of Rome la Sapienza, prof. E. Allan Farnsworth, Columbia University School of Law, prof. Alejandro M. Garro, Columbia University School of Law, prof. Sir Roy M. Goode, Oxford, prof. Sergei n. Lebedev, Maritime Arbitration Commission of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation, prof. Jan Ramberg, University of Stockholm, Faculty of Law, prof. Peter Schlechtriem, Freiburg University, prof. Hiroo Sono, Faculty of Law, Hokkaido University, prof. Claude Witz, Universität des Saarlandes and Strasbourg University. Members of the council are elected by the council. At subsequent meetings, the CISG-AC elected as additional members prof. Pilar Perales Viscasillas, Universidad Carlos III, Madrid; prof. Ingeborg Schwenzer, University of Basel; prof. John Y. Gotanda, Villanova University; Prof. Michael G. Bridge, London School of Economics; prof. Han Shiyuan, Tsinghua University and Prof. Yeşim Atamer, Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey, prof. Ulrich G. Schroeter, University of Mannheim, Germany, prof. Lauro Gama, Pontifical Catholic University, Justice Johnny Herre, Justice of the Supreme Court of Sweden, prof. Harry M. Flechtner, University of Pittsburgh, prof. Sieg Eiselen, Department of Private Law of the University of South Africa, and prof. Edgardo Muñoz López, Universidad Panamericana, Guadalajara, México. Prof. Jan Ramberg served for a three-year term as the second chair of the CISG-AC. At its 11th meeting in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, prof. Eric E. Bergsten of Pace University School of Law was elected chair of the CISG-AC and prof. Sieg Eiselen of the Department of Private Law of the University of South Africa was elected secretary. At its 14th meeting in Belgrade, Serbia, prof. Ingeborg Schwenzer of the University of Basel was elected chair and at its 24th meeting in Antigua, Guatemala, prof. Michael G. Bridge of the London School of Economics was elected chair of the CISG-AC. At its 26th meeting in Asunción, Paraguay, ass. Prof. Milena Djordjević, University of Belgrade, Serbia, was elected secretary, and she was reelected short after the 30th meeting in Rio de Janeiro. Prof. Pilar Perales Viscasillas of the University Carlos III of Madrid was elected chair of the CISG-AC after the 30th meeting in Rio de Janeiro.


Aim To investigate the prevalence of susceptibility of E.coli isolates causing recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) to fosfomycin. Methods A total of 679 urine samples obtained from 524 patients with UTI prediagnosis, which revealed E.coli in the microbiological culture in the period between August 2011 and January 2013 was included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Recurrent UTI was defined as UTI which occurred in the same patients at least twice at two different time periods that were more than two months after the previous infection in the 18-month-period of the study, all of which were caused by E.coli. Results Among 524 patients, ten isolates (1.9%) were found resistant to fosfomycin. With respect to fosfomycin resistance, no significant differences were found between extendedspectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and ESBL-negative isolates (p=0.23). Resistance to fosfomycin was significantly higher in the recurrent UTI group (3/31; 9.7%) compared to the non-recurrent UTI group, (7/493; 1.4%) (p=0.03). Conclusion Fosfomycin is still a good alternative in E.colicaused UTIs. However, in recurrent UTI cases, resistance can develop to fosfomycin, so susceptibility to this agent should be determined.


Insomnia is prevalent in the working population. Nurses may be particularly vulnerable to insomnia due to demands with shift work, limited recovery between shifts, lack of control over their work, and stress associated with proximity to life-threatening health conditions. Insomnia in nurses is a significant public health burden, because it can lead to degraded quality of patient care. This study examined the prevalence of insomnia symptoms among oncology nurses and the need for an intervention to improve insomnia symptoms.

 Participants were 62 nurses working full-time at a cancer hospital (Mage=35.26±11.69). Participants were asked about their (1) main sleep-related complaint, (2) willingness to participate in a sleep-focused intervention, (3) preferred delivery forms of the intervention (i.e., group-based, online, and/or one-on-one), and (4) preference for content to include in the intervention (e.g., sleep hygiene education, mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy). We used content analysis to analyze open-ended responses as well as descriptive statistics to summarize data.

 Most (74%) reported difficulty falling or staying asleep or not feeling rested upon awakening as their primary or secondary sleep concerns. Nearly all nurses (95%) expressed interest in participating in a future sleep-focused intervention. In terms of preferred delivery forms of the intervention, an online intervention was most preferred (56%), followed by group meetings at the workplace (50%), and one-on-one meetings at the clinic (29%). Mindfulness strategies were preferred by most nurses (73%), followed by cognitive-behavioral therapy (48%), and sleep hygiene education (34%).

 Most oncology nurses report insomnia symptoms and the majority are interested in participating in an intervention to improve their insomnia symptoms either online or in group sessions at the workplace. The information obtained from this pilot study will serve as the basis for developing a future intervention to improve insomnia and overall sleep health in oncology nurses.

 This work was supported, in part, by the University of South Florida College of Behavioral & Community Sciences Internal Grant Program (PI: Lee, Grant No. 0134930).


Tests on two simple supported steel bar truss and concrete superimposed floor slabs have been carried out to study their mechanic behavior and bearing capacities. The one is prefabricated steel truss concrete slab without temporary support in the mid-span to simulate its mechanic status in construction stage, the other is superimposed board (prefabricated + post-cast layer) in use phase. Test results show that the deformation of the prefabricated steel truss concrete slab in construction stage meets the requirement of the Code, and the slab is mainly controlled by deflection instead of cracks; Performance of superimposed board is excellent in use stage; and the steel bar is elastic in both stages during the tests.


two direelions. Analysis of slides by point-counting can be done at an arbilYary point in. the center of the two ineb circle inscribed on tim frosted sereen and, at the same time, allows inspection of a wide area surrounding the point. A plaslie mcasuring device attached by an arm allowing movemenl in all directions aeross lhe sercen is divided into 100 units of 1 ram. The divisions are (,alil)rated for each magnification. A coarse-motion lever raises the rotaling nOSel)ieee [or rapid slide changing, and thick specimens can be accommodated on lhc stage. However, the working distance at high mag~lifiealion is small and only slides with thin (or no) cover slips can be viewed. The insirumcni has outside dimensions of 9 x 9 x 117 inches and the weight is about. 6 pounds inehldin~' [he separate low voltage transformer so that it can 1)e easily moved. An expanded polystyrene emttainer is available for rugged transport and gives protection against breakage, dust and humidify. A plaslie (,o\'el' g'ives protection in ihc ot~ee. Viewing is best in a (larkened room. The inslrument is ideal for demonstration and teaching small groups. lmek of po]arizing system does cause occasional frustration when an extraordinary mineral is crossed, but minerals which are al'~ceted by stains such as alarzin Ycd on carbonates, can be identified. Viewing with the -\risopan is ~llmosl as relaxing' as watching the mo(lern electronic cyclops.


Mapping the human plantar (sole) surface during movement using an optical imaging technique often necessitates the use of a stage made of transparent material so that the human subject's gait can be imaged in a natural way, without obstruction. This research investigates a technique to reduce glass refraction distortion in the captured 3D spatial data. Impurities in the glass produce outliers in the calculated distortion values which were detected using an automated slope gradient technique. A point‐based moving averaging technique was utilised to determine the most appropriate distortion correction to replace the removed outliers. The results show that the empirical methods developed provide accurate glass refraction corrections for photogrammetric measurements, highlighted using the 3D foot plantar surface captured during various phases of a person's gait.


Calmodulin (CaM) can activate several CaM-dependent-enzyme in the presence of Ca~(2+). The activative effect of CaM on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC18.104.22.168) was studied. LDH was purified bovine heart and CaM from bovine brain, respectively. Based on its activation of LDH by CaM, a quantitative assay of CaM was developed. Results of kinetic study show that this activation belongs to "non-competitive activation".


Background: Exposure to ambient air pollution elicits systemic inflammatory responses. Subjects with type 2 diabetes are thought to be more vulnerable to such influences. Aim: To study the associat...


The internal transcribed sequence(ITS) of the CBL strain of Phellinus igniarius was assayed and analysed together with other 18 materials, and thus the phylogenetic tree was built by using DNAMAN biosoft. The results suggested that based on 95% similarity level, all species of genus Phellinus are clustered into two groups and the experimental CBL strain of P. igniarius is in groupⅡ. The phylogenetic tree indicates that genus Phellinus is probably polyphyletic.


PURPOSE: To prepare the title composition having stable enzymatic activity and useful as a diagnostic reagent, by adding a borate-ion-producing substance to an aqueous solution of a peroxidase, and if necessary freeze-drying the mixture. CONSTITUTION: An aqueous solution containing (A) a borate-ion-producing substance such as orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, potassium borate, manganese borate, etc. in an amount to give a borate ion concentration of 0.0001W1M, and (B) 10ngW1mg/1ml of solution of peroxidase which may be bonded with steroid such as estrone, a vegetable hormone, vitamin, a hapten such as antibiotic substance, an antigen such as hormone and protein, or an immunologically active substance such as antibody obtained by immunizing the antigen. The solution may be freeze- dried to obtain a dry composition. COPYRIGHT: (C)1980,JPO&Japio


The mechanism of thiol-disulfide interchange reaction involves the nucleophilic attack of thiolate along the S-S bond axis of the disulfide.t The reaction is kinetically second order: first order in thiolate and in disulfide.2{ At pH 7, only 0.1-l% of typical thiol groups is present as thiolate in water, and the apparent rate constant of the thiol-disulfide interchange reaction is small (ftou'a = 0.1 M-r s-1).2'5 Protein disulfide isomerase (EC 18.104.22.168) has been suggested to act as a catalyst for thiol-disulfide interchange in vivo, but its lack of specificity and the fact that it induces only moderate rate enhancements make its biological role uncertain.6-e As part of a program examining thiolate-disulfide interchange, we surveyed a number of types of compounds (aromatic thiols, nonthiol nucleophiles, and cations) as potential catalysts for this reaction. The only significant rate enhancement was obtained with phenylselenol.s Selenolate is a strong nucleophile toward diselenides and a good leaving group in selenolatediselenide interchange.lo The pK" of selenols is =7,11 and at pH ? the attack of selenol on diselenide is rapid (ftoua = 1.65 x 10? M-l s-1).10 We expected selenolate to be a strong nucleophile toward disulfide and to be a good leaving group in the attack of thiolate on selenosulfide (RS-SeR). Scheme I shows the steps involved in the catalysis of a thiol-disulfide interchange reaction by selenol.


SUBTITLE: CEO RICK WAGONER SAYS GM IS SEEKING TO FUEL THE GROWTH OF ITS COMMERCIAL AND GOVERNMENT FLEET SALES WITH ITS MULTI-BILLION DOLLAR INVESTMENT IN NEW COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS, WHILE CAPPING THE VOLUME OF UNITS SOLD TO DAILY RENTAL.


Aesthetic Surgery Journal 2023, Vol 43(2) NP141–NP142 © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Aesthetic Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact email@example.com https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac308 www.aestheticsurgeryjournal.com


Significance The origin of high-temperature superconductivity remains unknown. Over the past two decades, spatial oscillations of the electronic density known as charge-density waves (CDWs) have been found to coexist with high-temperature superconductivity in most prominent cuprate superconductors. The debate on whether CDWs help or hinder high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates is still ongoing. In principle, disorder at the atomic scale should strongly suppress both high-temperature superconductivity and CDWs. In this work, however, we find that disorder created by irradiation increases the superconducting critical temperature by 50% while suppressing the CDW order, showing that CDWs strongly hinder bulk superconductivity. We provide indications that this increase occurs because the CDWs could be part of a pair-density wave frustrating the superconducting coupling between atomic planes. With the discovery of charge-density waves (CDWs) in most members of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors, the interplay between superconductivity and CDWs has become a key point in the debate on the origin of high-temperature superconductivity. Some experiments in cuprates point toward a CDW state competing with superconductivity, but others raise the possibility of a CDW-superconductivity intertwined order or more elusive pair-density waves (PDWs). Here, we have used proton irradiation to induce disorder in crystals of La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 and observed a striking 50% increase of Tc, accompanied by a suppression of the CDWs. This is in sharp contrast with the behavior expected of a d-wave superconductor, for which both magnetic and nonmagnetic defects should suppress Tc. Our results thus make an unambiguous case for the strong detrimental effect of the CDW on bulk superconductivity in La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. Using tunnel diode oscillator (TDO) measurements, we find indications for potential dynamic layer decoupling in a PDW phase. Our results establish irradiation-induced disorder as a particularly relevant tuning parameter for the many families of superconductors with coexisting density waves, which we demonstrate on superconductors such as the dichalcogenides and Lu5Ir4Si10.


AbstractRegularities in the Raman spectra of acetate uranyl compounds CsUO_2(CH_3COO)_3, CsUO_2(CD_3COO)_3, NaUO_2(CH_3COO)_3, NaUO_2(CD_3COO)_3, UO_2(CH_3COO)_2, and RbUO_2(CH_3COO)_3 have been analyzed. The Raman spectra are excited by 785-nm laser radiation and recorded using a miniature fiber-optic spectrometer with a multielement detector. It is established that the spectra of all these compounds contain a strong Raman satellite with a frequency in the range of 850–860 cm^–1. This satellite corresponds to symmetric stretching vibrations (type A _1) of the uranyl group. The obtained results make it possible to detect and analyze small amounts of uranyl compounds.


We give a condition on a closed set K of real n mma trices which ensures that any W p gradient Young measure sup ported on K must be trivial the condition given is also necessary when K is bounded Introduction Assume is a smooth bounded domain in R and p is a given number Let W p R be the usual Sobolev space of maps u from to R the Jacobi or gradient matrix ru of u is L integrable and thus de ned point wise by ru i u i x i n m The notion of strong convergence and weak convergence inW p R is de ned as usual and denoted by and respectively Let M M m be the space of all real n m real matrices A with standard norm jAj tr A A For any subset K of M let dK be the distance function to K i e dK A inf P K jP Aj A M Following Kinderlehrer and Pedregal see also Ball a family of probability measures x x on M is said to be a W p gradient Young measure if there exists a weakly convergent sequence fujg in the Sobolev space W p R such that i for all C M the sequence f ruj g converges weakly in L to function
 x R M A d x A ii fjrujj g converges weakly in L loc M In this case instead of frujg we say fujg is a determining sequence of the gradient Young meausre x x Notice that condition ii is required in the de nition and that the determining sequence fujg may not be unique We refer to for Mathematics Subject Classi cation J Q A BAISHENG YAN a characterization of all such W p gradient Young measures and for further information The following result links the Young measures to the compactness property of certain approximate solutions in partial di erential equa tions see e g Lemma A W p gradient Young measure x x is a Dirac mea sure for almost every x if and only if every determining sequence fujg of x x converges strongly in W loc R n In this case we say x x is trivial Although nontrivial Young measures play an important role in many physical problems see and the references therein it is the trivial Young measures that are mostly related to certain compactness prob lems encountered in the study of nonlinear partial di erential equa tions see e g In this paper we study the W p gradient Young measures x x supported on a given closed subset K that is supp x K for almost every x We give some conditions on the supporting set K which ensure that any gradient Young measures supported on K be trivial The main results In the rest of the paper we assume K is a closed subset of M Suppose x x is a W p gradient Young measures supported on K that is supp x K a e x If x x is trivial then it is immediate that Z M Ad x A ru x K a e x where u W p R is a map uniquely up to an additive constant determined by the determining sequences of x x In general it is di cult if not impossible to verify condition A condition on set K which ensures any W p gradient Young measure x x supported on K satisfy has been given in Yan One of the main results of this paper is the following Theorem Let p Assume condition holds for all W p gradient Young measures x x supported on K Suppose also that for ON TRIVIAL GRADIENT YOUNG MEASURES each there exists C such that for some cube Q in R m Z


The species described herein were collected in various parts of the United States, but the majority were found while the writer was collecting in the Olympic National Park during the fall of 1941. This expedition was part of a larger project involving the agarics of the western United States and was made possible by a grant from the Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies of the University of Michigan. As a part of this expedition, the writer spent several weeks during the summer of 1941 in the vicinity of Payette Lakes, Idaho, and during the season of 1943 Mr. Wm. B. Gruber spent the summer and fall collecting and photographing agarics in the same region. As a result of our combined efforts a number of very unusual species were discovered in this region and are included here. Both my own and Mr. Gruber's collections have been deposited in the Herbarium of the University of Michigan. The color terms within quotation marks are taken from "Color Standards and Color Nomenclature" by R. Ridgway, Washington, D. C., 1912. The color terms not in quotation marks are based on Ridgway's system of nomenclature but do not represent actual comparisons. This is true in particular for such common terms as fuscous, tawny, ochraceous, ferruginous, vinaceous, drab etc.


: Brachiopoda is a phylum of marine benthic animals belonging to the Spiralia clade; however, their relationships with other spiralians and the origin of their unusual body plan remain unclear, even with the application of molecular genetics methods. One of the major ideas on the origin of the brachiopod body plan is the "brachiopod fold" hypothesis, fi rst proposed in 1991, and much developed since then. In its present content it implies that brachiopods derived from metameric ancestor by reduction of the number of metameres, and folding onto the ventral side. Thereby both valves – "dorsal" and "ventral" – turn out to be actually dorsal. In the present study, we discuss the pros and cons of this hypothesis, and provide some additional data on the anatomy of Novocrania anomala adults, which are consistent with the "brachiopod fold" hypothesis. We have found traces of ancient "folding" in the form and co-localisation of lateral mesenteries and metanephridia. We also propose a general scheme of the evolution of the craniiformes' body plan.


Objective To explore the clinical effects of percutaneous reconstruction plate and percutaneous sacroiliac screws in the treatment of unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures.Methods Fifty-eight patients with unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures underwent percutaneous reconstruction plate and percutaneous sacroiliac screws from March 2002 to October 2007.They were divided into 2 groups according to 2 kinds of internal fixations:percutaneous reconstruction plate(20 males and 9 females,with the mean age of 37.3±11.3 years)and percutaneous sacroiliac screws (21 males and 8 females,with the mean age of 39.3±10.4 years).Thirty-eight cases were caused by motor vehicle aecident,17 by fall from height and 3 by crush.The data of operative time,X-ray exposure frequency,intro-operative blood loss,length of incision,post-operative Majeed smndards and post-operative complication were recorded and analyzed statisticaIly using the SPSS 15.0 software package.Results All patients were follow up 12-36 months(mean 21.3 months)in 58 patients.There were significant differences in operative time,X-ray exposure frequency,intro-operative blood loss and length of incisiou between the two groups.According Maieed standards,the excellent and good rate was 86.1%in reconstruction plate,and 88.2%in sacroiliac screws.Conclusion Unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures could be treated successfully with percutaneous sacroiliac screws and percutaneous reconstruction plate.There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two groups.However,percutaneous reconstruction plate shows some advantages,such as less operative time,less fluoroscopy time and less complication.

Key words:
Pelvis; Fractures; Bone screws; Bone plates


When the Chinese adverb of degree "更" modifies the "verb + 得+ complement" structure, it can be shifted into the complement in most cases, just as mentioned in "Xian Dai Han Yu Ba Bai Ci" . As a matter of fact, several factors determine whether the movement of "更" is valid, such as the function and composition of the complement, the semantic and grammatical functions of "更" .


Temperature-sensitive paint (TSP) is a type of luminescent temperature sensor that can provide surface temperature measurements on the surface of a test article. These surface temperature measurements can be used to determine heat flux and visualize boundary layer transition on an aerodynamic body. This paper presents the static response characteristics of a TSP based on rhodamine B (RhB) applied on a polymer-ceramic supporting matrix. Six solvents with varying polarity indices were used to apply the RhB to the sensors, which were then evaluated in terms of luminescent signal level and temperature sensitivity. The results are presented and also compared to previous results for RhB on an anodized aluminum matrix. The temperature range was between 150 K and 365 K. The study confirms that the influence of the solvent on the sensor's final characteristics is significant, and shows temperature sensitivities as high as −4.8% K−1 at 150 K when dichloromethane is used as the application solvent.


Text The high prevalence and poor prognosis of heart failure are two key scientific drivers behind research into the electrophysiology of healthy and damaged cardiac tissue. Dyssynchronous calcium release and disorganization in the t-tubule structure within individual cardiomyocytes has been linked to poor contractile function and arrhythmia. Confocal line scan microscopy has been used widely for single dimensional analysis of calcium signals in cardiomyocytes. However, the physiological anisotropy of cardiomyocytes is fundamental to calcium signalling and impulse propagation through adjacent cells in heart tissue and the extension of confocal scanning to more spatial dimensions comes at the cost of reduced signal to noise ratio and temporal resolution. Correlative imaging of the calcium dynamics of cardiomyocytes and their microstructure calls for the use of imaging techniques capable of high-speed two-dimensional or real-time video-rate threedimensional microscopy of cardiac tissue at subcellular resolution. This work implements a custom-developed inverted light sheet fluorescence microscope for studying calcium dynamics in cardiomyocytes [1]. The system can operate using two different illumination modes: slower high-resolution imaging using scanned line illumination, and light sheet illumination for fast high-speed 2D and 3D imaging with lower phototoxicity and photodamage to the cells. Video rate volumetric acquisition is achieved by scanning the detection focal plane using folded remote refocusing [2], scanned synchronously with the axially-swept illumination light sheet, with minimal mechanical disturbance of the sample. The spatial and temporal resolution achieved allows multidimensional characterization of calcium dynamics across single cardiomyocytes in correlation with t-tubule microstructure. We present data obtained with this system demonstrating twodimensional dual channel optically sectioned time-lapse imaging of calcium dynamics in isolated live rat cardiomyocytes at 150 fps and 0.5 μm lateral resolution. Electrical pacing is used to stimulate calcium transients with decoupled contraction. The fluorescence intensity trace of calcium indicator Fluo-4 is used to characterize the spatial variation in transient rise time across the cell (Fig. 1). Preliminary results indicate some variation in the time to half maximum within a cell, which was seen to be consistent across multiple transients within the same cell. Fig. 1 Calcium transient analysis in live cardiomyocytes (a) Spatially separated Cell Mask Orange (CMO) and Fluo-4 (F4) emission at peak of Ca2+ transient. Intensity traces of pixels at indicated positions (green dots) are shown in (b): Fluo-4 emission intensity cell average (bold) and example individual pixel traces with linearly interpolated half-maximum (HM) frames. (c) Variation of relative frame number (6.67ms/frame) corresponding to the half-maximum across cell for an individual transient. Image dimensions: 85 μm x 170 μm.


A 68-year-old man had shortness of breath and a clear chest x-ray. Tc-99m MAA perfusion study revealed a moderate-sized, wedge-shaped defect in the left upper lobe seen on oblique images. Neither the posterior perfusion view, nor the posterior xenon-133 ventilation scan demonstrated the abnormality. However, correlation to a previous chest CT established that this defect was due to a hypertrophic left first costosternal articulation. A confident reading of normal was rendered. Awareness of such artifactual causes of perfusion defects is important in the interpretation of radionuclide lung scans.


Inthis paper, wepresent anovel system fordetecting knownaudio. We start withWaveprint, anaudio identification system that, given aprobe snippet, efficiently provides reliable forced-choice ranking ofentries fromanaudio database. Foropen-set detection, wecan re-examine thebest-ranked matches fromWaveprint using simple temporal-ordering-based processing. Theresulting system has excellent detection capabilities forsmall snippets ofaudio that havebeendegraded inavariety ofmanners, including competing noise, poorrecording quality, andcell-phone playback. The system ismoreaccurate thantheprevious state-of-the-art system whilebeing moreefficient andflexible inmemoryusageand computation.


This paper continues research begun years ago that deals particularities of the performing arts with a view from the General Cost's Theory. We proposes a theoretical analysis of what is meant by the output of cultural services - especially the performing arts - and their exemplification by means of a traditional tool. For this analysis, we uses concepts of the economy such as the classification of goods in non-rival and rival. Work takes place in a study of property non-rival consumption and proposes a look at the output of certain services considered both concepts of economics as the conceptual development and progress obtained from the General Cost's Theory.Findings suggest the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to facilitate growth in Management Accounting.


Semi-natural habitats provide refuge for pollinating insects such as wild bees. Different types of semi-natural habitat can provide complementary floral resources throughout the year, but it is uncertain to what extent different semi-natural habitat types provide nesting habitat for wild bees. In this study, nesting resources for wild bees and nest-searching bees were surveyed visually in three different types of semi-natural habitat (i.e., hollow roads, tree rows, and forest edges). The composition of nesting resources for wild bees varied across the three types of semi-natural habitat. We also identified clear indicators of nesting resources within the different habitat types. We conclude that different types of semi-natural habitat provide varying and complementary nesting resources for wild bees. This study further highlights the importance of semi-natural habitat for pollinator conservation and emphasizes the need for further research to increase our understanding how different wild bee species use different habitat types for nesting.


The present invention aims to provide a wireless local area network, to operate under the burst (Burst) and protected mode, to achieve ultra-high transfer volume. The main points are as follows, first of all the first transmission source terminal to the destination terminal transmits the license, the license transfer vector contains a set of network configuration for the transmission medium exclusive period. Then the source terminal transmitting a plurality of data frames to the destination, and the protection time of the first set of vectors of the network configuration, sending a second CTS, further comprising a set of network configuration vector at a time exclusive to, so the prior to said step of forming a cyclic process it. Such transfer process a plurality of data frames comprises: transmitting data frames from the source to the destination terminal, then the destination within a short interframe space time of the reply acknowledgment frame, thereby determining whether the transfer was successful. If the next data frame is ready, repeat the above steps, otherwise complete the transfer process.


The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device. In particular, the objective of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal panel and a liquid crystal display device having common lines formed in a plate structure between a penetration unit having a penetration hole and a display area in the common lines overlapped with a seal formed between a non-display area and the display area. To achieve the objective, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises a first common line which is formed between a penetration unit formed in a location corresponding to a camera arranged in the lower end of a driving device array substrate in a non-display area of the driving device array substrate and a display area of the driving device array substrate and includes a mesh common line having mesh lines and a plate common line having a plate; a second common line which is formed between a first non-display area having the penetration unit in the non-display area and the display area, is connected to a common electrode formed on a color filter substrate or the driving device array substrate and is connected to both ends of the first common line; a seal which is formed to be overlapped with the second common line in the upper end of the second common line without being overlapped with the first common line and covers the penetration unit and the outside of the display area; and a liquid crystal which is injected into the display area and the penetration unit covered by the seal in a state that the driving device array substrate and the color filter substrate are bonded to each other by the seal.


Xantosoma riedelianum, also called "mangarito" in Brazil, is an unconventional food plant (UFP) of the Araceae family native to tropical America. Foliar samples of the X. riedelianum showing mosaic, mottle and vein clearing symptoms were collected in the municipality of Monte Alegre (São Paulo State). Transmission electron microscope observations, mechanical transmission to experimental plants, serological (DAS-ELISA) and RT-PCR analyzes indicated that the symptoms could be associated with the presence of dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV, Potyvirus). This is the first report of DsMV in X. riedelianum in Brazil.


Today, there is a clear need in developing a unified theoretical model of legal argumentation viable for all areas of legal practice and legal doctrine. Despite the existence of several models within either general argumentation theory or multiple judicial-reasoning doctrines, none of them can be used as a universal tool for studies of legal argumentation. The aim of this article is to suggest a theoretical model of legal argumentation viable for analysis of legal argumentation not only in judicial reasoning but also in other areas, e


Starting from approximate Skyrmion solutions obtained using the rational map ansatz, improved approximate Skyrmions are constructed using scaling arguments. Although the energy improvement is small, the change of shape clarifies whether the true Skyrmions are more oblate or prolate. Email: email@example.com Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Email: firstname.lastname@example.com 1 Skyrmions and Rational Maps The Skyrme model [1] is an effective field theory used to describe nuclei. For static fields, the classical solutions of the Skyrme model are stationary points (either minima or saddle points) of the energy functional


AbstractThe compressive behavior of cement and asphalt mortar (CA mortar, including Types I and II CA mortar, namely CAI and CAII) under strain rates ranging from 10−5/s to 10−2/s was experimentall...


The HLA Nomenclature Committee met uncomplement components coded for by genes in der the auspices of the WHO and the IUIS after the HLA region it has been decided to retain the the 8th International Histocompatibility Testing Cw nomenclature for all the HLA-C locus specWorkshop in order to consider revisions and adificities [4]. Cw6 remains more difficult to define, ditions to the nomenclature following the prinespecially in the presence of Cw4. Two new ciples established in previous reports [l-51. HLA-Cw specificities are listed in table 11.


Shape-shifting robot AMOEBA-I has the ability to pass the narrow and small ruins with the line configuration,but there are many restricts in use such as hard turning,large turning radius,and the connecting link between module 2 and module 3 is large resistance moment.In order to reduce the turning radius,the time of turning,the moment of resistance and enhance the compatibility of complex environment of the robot,a method is proposed that can make the robot to turn quickly and more effectively.Through the research of the process of the robot shape-shifting before it skid-turns and the establishment of mathematical model,the kinematics and mechanical properties of three modules are analyzed,and the resistance moment and the driving force is obtained.The theoretical basis of the shape-shifting robot skid-turning is computed and the evaluation criterion is proposed for the performance of robot turning.By the analysis of experiment,the drive current of the motor does not exceed the limit load of the motor and it is more quick and smooth comparing to the link-turning.The validity and enforceability of the turning is proved by simulations and experiments.


The Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (DTCA in Dutch: Belastingdienst) conducts a research program POWER in which methods and tools are developed that support a systematic translation of (new) legislation into the DTCA's processes. The methods and tools developed help to improve the quality of (new) legislation and codify the knowledge used in the translation processes in which legislation and regulations are transformed into procedures, computer programs and other designs. Thereby the time-to-market of the implementation of legislation will be reduced. In this article we focus on the method we developed for modeling legislation. We will elaborate upon the principles behind the method and explain the use of Catalysis and UML/OCL in the modeling process. The coupling of models of legislation and task models originating from business policy is demonstrated and finally we will show the way knowledge-based components in function of applications are generated automatically.


Finite element analysis for global model of steel decks is performed.The analysis result shows that(1) the transverse distribution of transverse stresses in the deck plate resembles the stress characteristics of elastically supported multi-span beams,the transverse stresses are dominated by the shell bending stresses and the membrane stresses are insignificant,and the stresses in the rib near the deckplate-to-rib joint are much less than the transverse stresses in the deck plate;(2) the influence lines of stresses at the deck plate-to-rib joint are short in both longitudinal and transverse directions,indicating that the interrelationships of multiple axles of a vehicle and multiple vehicles can be neglected in fatigue calculation;(3) increasing the thickness of deck plate can reduce its stress range significantly,and the wearing surfacing also plays a vital role.Additionally,the fatigue classification with respect to the deckplate-to-rib joint and corresponding provisions in the Eurocode and AASHTO LRFD are discussed.To consider the effect of non-proportional multi-axle fatigue induced by moving vehicles,wheel load trucking tests on full-scale deck panels and the analysis method need to be paid more attention.


Abstract A facile chemical approach was developed to fabricate microarrays (MAs) of Ag@polypyrrole nanocables (NCs). The strategy involved crosslinking the NCs by tetraethoxy silane (TEOS) under continuous pulse sonication without using a substrate. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with EDX, which revealed the longitudinal interconnections within the nanocables and creating unidirectional alignment in the form of MAs. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy was employed to characterize the encapsulating polymer as polypyrrole (ppy) around Ag nanowires (NWs). The microarrays produced red shift in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag NWs, and drastically improved the thermal stability and conductivity of encasing ppy. It has imparted anisotropic conductivity effect on ppy which resulted in sharp decrease in resistivity from 8.35 × 1010 Ω to 2.449 Ω, when NCs were isolated and crosslinked into MAs form, respectively. The drastic decrease in resistivity of ppy was due to the anisotropic effect produced by the MAs format of NWs.


Microcystins(MCYSTs,MC),which can cause serious pollution, are now focused on their toxicity act on other creatures,the ecological impacts,and the monitoring and analysis techniques.The study of the microcystin biosynthesis is difficult due to too many kinds of MC producers,and there are more than 60 isoforms of the MC.However,there have been some advances on this field because the biosynthesis mechanism of the three key MC producers of Microcystis,Planktothrix and anabarna is illuminated recently.


In-vivo small animal imaging system is an important part of disease research and new drug development. It is essential for living small animal imaging system to be able to provide the anatomical structure, molecular and functional information. The X-ray micro cone-beam computed tomography (micro-CBCT) can perform longitudinal study with a resolution of tens-to-hundreds of microns in a short imaging time at a relatively low cost. Furthermore, it is easy to combine with other modalities to provide abundant information about small animals. A key challenge to the micro-CBCT scanner is that its spatial and contrast resolution determined primarily by the X-ray focal spot size, the detector element size, and the system geometry. Aiming to improve the spatial resolution, contrast resolution, and imaging uniformity of the micro-CBCT system, we use the X-ray polycapillary optics for adjusting the X-ray source. A micro-CBCT based on X-ray polycapillary optics with a large field of view is constructed for the small animal imaging study. The micro-CBCT system is composed of microfocus X-ray tube with an attached polycapillary focusing X-ray lens, amorphous silicon-based flat panel detector, rotation stage, and controlling PC. The Feldkamp-Daivs-Kress (FDK) algorithm is adopted to reconstruct the image. The system performances are evaluated. The magnification of this micro-CBCT system is 1.97. The results show that the spatial resolution of the system at 10% modulation transfer function (MTF) is 9.1 lp/mm, which is 1.35 times higher than that in the case of no optics. The image uniformity deterioration caused by hardening effect is effectively alleviated by filtrating the low energy X-rays with the X-ray polycapillary optics and the contrast enhancement is more than twice. The anesthetic rats are imaged with this micro-CBCT system in vivo and the practicability of the system in small animal imaging research is verified.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a novel and applied method for optimum designing of plate-finned heat exchanger network. Considering the total annual cost as the objective function, a network of plate-finned heat exchanger is designed and optimized.

Design/methodology/approach
Accurate evaluation of plate-finned heat exchanger networks depends on different fin types with 10 different geometrical parameters of heat exchangers. In this study, fin numbers are considered as the main decision variables and geometrical parameters of fins are considered as the secondary decision variables. The algorithm applies heat transfer and pressure drop coefficients correction method and differential evolution (DE) algorithm to obtain the optimum results. In this paper, optimization and minimization of the total annual cost of heat exchanger network is considered as the objective function.

Findings
In this study, a novel and applied method for optimum designing of plate-finned heat exchanger network is presented. The comprehensive algorithm is applied into a case study and the results are obtained for both counter-flow and cross-flow plate-finned heat exchangers. The total annual cost and total area of the network with counter-flow heat exchangers were 12.5% and 23.27%, respectively, smaller than the corresponding values of the network with cross-flow heat exchanger.

Originality/value
In this paper, a reliable method is used to design, optimize parameters and the economic optimization of heat exchanger network. Taking into account the importance of plate-finned heat exchangers in industrial applications and the complexity in their geometry, the DE methodology is adopted to obtain an optimal geometric configuration. The total annual cost is chosen as the objective function. Applying this technique to a case study illustrates its capability to accurate design plate-finned heat exchangers to improve the objective function of the heat exchanger network from the economic viewpoint with the design of details.


Tourism is developing rapidly in China. As a kind of economic catalyst, tourism will be very important in improving urban competitiveness. It is necessary for the city decision makers to realize that the development of tourism is not only the affairs of the professional sections, but also the affairs of the government of a city. This paper takes Suzhou city as a case, point out that Suzhou should make good use of its superior tourism resources, and extend the function of travel industry. The authors try to combine the development of tourism with the whole city, analyze the progress and prospects of tourism in Suzhou, and discuss the characteristics of this city in the field of tourism. In the end, the future strategies of development of tourism in Suzhou are provided.


This article describes a collaborative venture between nursing education and nursing practice focused on continuing education (CE). A regional consortium was established to promote cost-effective nursing continuing education programs in critical care, leadership and management, and other areas of community need. The development of the consortium, initiation of CE programs, and the mutual benefits of this collaborative model are presented.


The main principles of economy: stable economic growth, steady trade balance, high level of employment, price stability are a uniform system and their separation, attempt to acquire one of those principles separately, without taking into consideration its close interconnection with other principles do not bear fruits especially over a long period. The main reasons of negative impulses of economy are, first of all, the monopolization of the economy, problem of diversification and essential gap in trade balance. It is vital how the economic policy, especially monetary and credit and fiscal policy, is reacting on the registered impulses of economic security.


A method, comprising: Storing information in a flag register having n locations of a single-instruction multiple data (SIMD) -Ausfuhrungsmaschine with n channels, wherein the information representing multiple m-channel independent vectors, where n and m are integers greater than one; and Generating an output based on the information in the flag register, wherein the output comprises at least a location whose value is based on information representing different independent vectors.


Recently, a conjecture on the linear complexity of a new class of generalized cyclotomic binary sequences of period p was proposed by Z. Xiao et al. (Des. Codes Cryptogr., DOI 10.1007/s10623-017-0408-7). Later, for the case f being the form 2 with r ≥ 1, Vladimir Edemskiy proved the conjecture (arXiv:1712.03947). In this paper, under the assumption of 2 6≡ 1 mod p and gcd( p−1 ordp(2) , f) = 1, the conjecture proposed by Z. Xiao et al. is proved for a general f by using the Euler quotient. Actually, a generic construction of p-periodic binary sequence based on the generalized cyclotomy is introduced in this paper, which admits a flexible support set and includes Xiao's construction as a special case, and then an efficient method to compute the linear complexity of the sequence by the generic construction is presented, based on which the conjecture proposed by Z. Xiao et al. could be easily proved under the aforementioned assumption.


To assess the diagonosis value and the role of fiberoptics brochoscope detecting brobchial disease or pulmonary disease. To analysis the clinic data of 21 cases accepting brobchial disease or pulmonary disease, detected between 1992.1 to 2004.6 years. Fiberoptics brochoscope usual detecting was determined by fiberoptics brochoscope (Olympus BF-40). 15 cases foreign body in airway were diagonosed, 13 cases were succeed in taking choked things from brobchial, 2 cases brochial Tuberculosis, 1 case Wegener′s granulomatosis, 3 cases bronchitis were diagonosed, 2 cases was defeated by fiberoptics brochoscope in surgon. [Conclusion] Fiberoptics brochoscope may be used to diagnose brobchial disease or pulmonary disease of children. This way is simple and little injured, but highly rate of success. It may be used routinely at taking foreign body in airway.


Abstract The paper looks back over almost 200 years taken to convert Stirling's original description of the thermal regenerator into a quantitative picture of transient thermal response. The 'regenerator problem' is found to be essentially the conjugate heat exchange problem by another name, and thus the subject of a massive literature, none of which, however, has, until recently, successfully addressed the problem of repeated flow reversals at low flush ratios. The gap in the repertoire is ironic, given that these are precisely the operating conditions of Stirling's original invention. An elementary transformation overcomes the difficulty of solving for any number of flow reversals at any flush ratio. Temperature-time histories are presented for the 'classic' problem with fixed entry temperatures. For sufficiently high thermal capacity ratio a straightforward and explicit solution emerges for fluid temperature history at cyclic steady state. The approach is shown to be sufficiently versatile to permit extension to the complex cyclic operating conditions of Stirling coolers and prime movers. Along the way it is noted that heat transfer correlations (NStN2/3Pr versus NRe) for wire gauzes frequently thought inapplicable to the regenerator by virtue of a supposed 'steady flow' connotation in fact owe their very existence to an early part-solution of transient thermal response. To this extent the correlations are the proper data to use.


This book is of significance for both tomato growers and researchers interested in studying diseases that infect tomatoes.As it sheds light on spotting bacterial disease of tomato in terms of its importance, the extent of its spread in Egypt, and the sensitivity of different tomato cultivars for infection with this disease. As well as studying the biochemical effects in tomato plants resulting from infection, and pathological and molecular diversity between different isolates of the pathogen. One of the most important parts contained in this book is how to control the disease by using chemicals, induced resistance and biological control to reduce the damage it causes.


This paper mainly elaborated the meaning of the "test"and "calibration" in metrology standard terminology,and gave a brief description of the relations and distinctions between them.


With the peculiar style shaped by the unique weaving techniques,tapestry became the China's intangible cultural heritage.This paper analyzed two aspects of the historical evolution and art features of tapestry,discussed the market conditions,explored the market's future direction and development possibilities of the tapestry industry,and put forward measures for industrial development,in order to provide reference for future development of tapestry.


Copper in drinking water elicits a persisting bitter, metallic, or astringent taste. Characteristics and perception mechanisms of copper sensation have not been fully understood. Saliva is assumed to influence copper sensations via binding of salivary electrolytes or proteins with copper. The interaction between salivary components and copper is thought to influence sensory perception by affecting volatility of aroma compounds, de-lubricating salivary proteins, and by controlling solubility of copper. A recent study suggested that intensity of copper taste may be dependent on the amount of solubilized copper, which increases at lower pH. This research was performed to identify 1) the temporal sensory characteristics of copper; 2) the effect of pH on perception of copper sensation; 3) the nature of copper-protein interaction and its impact on sensory perception. The effect of copper on the volatility of aroma compounds and the role of copper-protein interaction in volatile chemistry were investigated using a model mouth system containing artificial saliva at different pH levels. Headspace concentration of each volatile was measured using SPME-GC analysis. Copper (2.5 mg/L) in the model system increased headspace concentration of volatiles (hexanal, butyl acetate, 2-heptanone, and ethyl hexanoate, 0.5 μL/L each) at pH 6.5, but no change in volatility was observed at pH 7.0. At pH 7.5, presence of copper in the artificial saliva decreased headspace volatile concentration. Effect of copper on volatiles at pH 6.5 may be due to increased solubility of copper at lower pH. Copper seems to facilitate hydrophobic binding between mucin and aroma compounds at pH 7.5, possibly by exposing hydrophobic sites of mucin. A time-intensity (TI) test was performed to identify the effect of pH on temporal characteristics of copper sensation. Metallic taste, bitterness, and astringency were major attributes of drinking water containing 2.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L Cu. All three attributes were responsible for the lingering aftertaste of copper. TI test results of copper solutions did not show a common TI


By using the automatic forecast lamp for measuring forest pests and orchard pest,10 orders 26 families 46 species 11575 insects were captured,among forest pest,Lepidoptera insects was amounted for 72.8% of the total,Coleoptera insects was amounted for 23.45% of the total.Forecast lamp of forest pest could be used as an effective monitoring and trapping too,which had advantages of trapping more pest species and quantity.


The creation of accurate, up-to-date malaria maps remains a key challenge in combatting the global threat posed by the presence of the disease. With limited up-to-date local site data available, the best use must be made of climate and human population information that has become available in near realtime through remote sensing techniques. In the past two decades, health surveys have gathered data on the prevalence of the deadly plasmodium falciparum (pf.) malaria parasite in a number of countries battling the disease. In this paper, prevalence datasets are used in combination with climate and human population data to investigate relationships between environmental factors and malaria prevalence. These relationships are then used to guide the development of Gaussian Process models for malaria prevalence prediction across three countries: Cambodia, Somalia and Mozambique. Finally, it is shown that vegetation volatility can be engineered as a simple feature to improve the accuracy of predictive models based on environmental data.


Dispersion and attenuation data have shown that a fluid model or visco‐elastic model is not adequate to describe acoustic interactions in littoral environments. This study will compare laboratory reflection data to five models: the visco‐elastic model, the Biot–Stoll poro‐elastic model, the effective density fluid model (EDFM), the Buckingham micro‐sliding model, and the Biot–Stoll squirt flow + shear model (BISQS). The BISQS model allows for frequency dependence in the frame bulk modulus and the frame shear modulus by considering the squirt flow effects and grain shearing effects at the sand grain interfaces. This model has been shown to produce good agreement with in situ dispersion and attenuation data; however, it has not yet been compared to reflection data. A simulated annealing inversion algorithm with rotated coordinates will be used. Special emphasis has been placed on quantifying the effects of the statistical nature of the data on the inversion outcome. [Work supported by ONR, Undersea Signal P...


A case study of a 16-year-old male with symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as well as skeletal muscle weakness is presented. A differential diagnosis is provided in light of specific laboratory testing and light microscopic findings which indicate a vacuolar myopathy affecting both cardiac and skeletal muscle. Vacuolar myopathies are a large and diverse group of disorders with a wide range of causes, clinical presentations, and ultrastructural findings. Select differential entities are then reviewed in terms of original discovery, pathophysiology, diagnostic testing, and ultrastructural findings. Following a discussion of etiologic and diagnostic information on each entity, the original case study is returned to and concluded based on the findings. The selected entities covered from the differential diagnosis are summarized below:


Photodynamic therapy (PDT) — in which delta aminolevulinate or methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) is applied to the skin and activated by exposure to visible


Aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) is gaining in popularity across South Asia, mainly because it saves water and labor. Under warm (sub)
tropical conditions of this region, this unconventional system aimed at improved resource use efficiency is still in the development
phase. We tested crop performance and N uptake of three local genotypes in relation to different water and N supply rates under
aerobic conditions at the research station of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. In field experiments during 2009
to 2010, covering two rice seasons, three irrigation levels (high, moderate, and low), three N rates (0, 170, and 220 kg N ha–1), and
three genotypes (KSK133, IR6, and RSP1), crop performance and total N uptake (TNU) were strongly influenced by irrigation
and differed among genotypes. At the highest level of irrigation, genotype KSK133 performed better than RSP1 and IR6, resulting
in an accumulated aboveground biomass of 13 Mg ha–1 and a grain yield of 5 Mg ha–1. The TNU ranged from 34 to 126 kg ha–1 in
2009 and from 52 to 123 kg ha–1 in 2010. For all genotypes, we observed a strong positive correlation between TNU and grain yield.
Surprisingly, the N application rate did not in influence TNU, but the high irrigation regime increased TNU.  The limited response to
N application suggests significant losses of the applied N.  This highlights the need for careful N management in aerobic rice systems;
N application should match periods of sufficient soil moisture availability and the greatest crop N demand.


The major task of the present work is to identify the main problems of cluster analysis on environmental and technological innovations in the formation of regional sustainable development policy, as well as modeling the expenditures for technological and environmental innovations. The number of innovative enterprises increases rapidly, and they are developing at a rapid pace. Measures to reduce the impact on the environment, such as improving technological equipment, recycling waste, implementing technologies aimed at preserving natural resources, creating new types of products with long service life and the possibility of recycling, employing advanced purification technologies, etc. will require in the vast majority of cases not only financial expenditures but the implementation of innovative solutions.
The authors are intended to study out and optimize this work and improve the research framework.


Abstract The reproductive efficiency of the cows was monitored after two resynchronization protocols: Ovsynch (OVS) and Double Ovsynch (DOS). The research initially included 70 HF cows who entered the first synchronization protocol – Presynch. Cows that did not conceive after the first synchronization were divided into two groups and introduced to two resynchronization protocols. In the first group of cows (n=35), the DOS protocol began with the application of GnRH on day 22 after the Presynch TAI (Timed Artificial Insemination), and seven days later pregnancy check-up was done and PGF2α was applied only to non-pregnant cows (n=23), which remained in the study. In the second group of cows, the OVS protocol started on day 32 after Presynch TAI only in non-pregnant animals (n=20). Progesterone (P4) concentration was determined at the time of application of GnRH1, PGF2α and GnRH2 in both groups of cows, and then 30 days after Resynch TAI, ultrasound pregnancy diagnosis was done. A higher percentage of pregnant cows were recorded in the OVS group compared to the DOS group (45% and 35%, respectively). The concentration of P4 in the serum of cows in the DOS group during the first measurement (GnRH1) was significantly higher than the value in cows that did not conceive (p<0.05), while in the third measurement (GnRH2) the average concentration of P4 in conceiving cows was significantly lower (p<0.001) compared to cows that did not coincive. The open days period was significantly longer in pregnant cows that were resynchronized using the DOS protocol compared to cows from the OVS protocol. In conclusion, the OVS protocol of estrus resynchronization in dairy cows proved to be more successful than the DOS protocol. However, considering the advantages the OVS, it is needed to determine which day of the sexual cycle is the best to start resynchronization.


Hydroponic commonly incorporates crops farming with less usage of chemical fertilisers and soil utilisation. The existing hydroponic systems can only show essential parameters such as humidity, water level, nutrients and light intensity. Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) system with portable monitoring device, S shaped UPVC pipe, wood, net protection, pH meter, electrical conductivity (EC) meter, growing media for growing cherry tomato and butterhead lettuce in a netting system environment was developed which includes determination of pipe size, flowrate, angle of pipe degree and pump size. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments of growing media (perlite, clay pebbles and coco fibre) and ten replications for each treatment. Plant lengths, total count of harvested cherry tomato, yield (g), pH and EC values were recorded during the study. The results showed that flowrate (Q) was 117.9 (L/h) through a 7.62 cm UPVC pipe diameter and a 90-degree elbow joint with pump power of 0.193 watts. Mean comparison of plant lengths between treatments for butterhead lettuce planting shows coco fibre produces highest leaf lengths while cherry tomato planting shows clay pebbles produces highest stem lengths. In terms of plant yield (g) and total count of harvested cherry tomato and butterhead lettuce, clay pebbles media recorded the highest values for both crops and showed significant differences to other growing media. Keywords: Nutrient film technique, pH meter, EC meter, yield, planting media, stem height and leaf lengths


Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues and can be caused by various inducing agent. The objective of this study was characterize the galls induced by insect in host plants in an urban remnant of Atlantic forest. Branches with galls was collected, observed and described the morphological characteristics as color, form, pubescence, grouping and localization of galls. After the emergency of the inductor, the insects and galls were fixed in ethanol 70% and included in the galls collection. Thirty and two morphotypes of galls had been associated with 13 families of host plants, located in leaves (67.14%), stem (28.57%) and buds ( Key words:


To besubmi tted to INORGANIC CHEMISTRY r: F.: J VEO ',,'. \ ·:ENCE . . I.\BORATORY Prepri nt ' . LBL- B09l e- 'd--' OCT ~61978 (..iElFU\RYAND DOCUMENTSSECrloN STRUCTURE OF PENTAKIS{UREA)DIOXOURANIUM{Vl)NITRATE [UO z (OC{NH 2 )2)SJ{N%) 2 AllanZalkin, Helena Ruben and David H.Templeton . August 1978 . Prepared for the U.S.Departmentof Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-:-48 TWO-WEEK LOAN COpy This is a Librar C' which Y Irculating Copy may be borrowed fi For a personal or two weeks. retentIon c Tech. Info D' , , Opy, call ~~Ext.6782


Competency analysis for training and development remains controversial and varied in both interpretation and application. Research for the North Western Regional Health Authority has led to the development of a self‐assessment method, using a job‐composite model as part of a continuous development approach to the training of personnel specialists.


In this article, we use an approach to the study of interlanguage that challenges prevailing models of second language acquisition (SLA) which assume that negotiation of meaning is the only causal variable in SLA. Ludic language play may also play a role in the development of interlanguage (Tarone, 2000a). In this article, we examine two notions of language play as they have been presented in the applied linguistics literature: ludic language play, as defined in Cook (2000), and language play as rehearsal in private speech, as considered by Lantolf (1997), and its relationship to SLA. Through the analysis of classroom interactions among children attending a full immersion program, we show that these two types of play can be distinguished in classroom discourse by the presence or absence of five channel cues: presence/absence of laughter, shifts in voice quality and pitch versus shifts in loudness/whispering, use of language forms that are well-known versus forms that are new; presence/absence of a fictional world of reference, and presence/absence of an audience other than the self. It is also argued that the distinction between the two types of language play in learner language allows us to study their distinct roles in the process of SLA. Child: Do machines ever play? Data: Yes! I play the violin and my chess routines are quite advanced. Child: No, I mean. Haven't you ever played . . . for fun? Data: Androids do not have fun. Child: Look. If you want to know what it's like to be a child, you need to learn to play. Star Trek, the Movie: a conversation between Data, a robot that looks human, and a human child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]


Abstract : While doctrine discusses some incorporation of operational assessment in the planning process, practice demonstrates that operational assessment is minimally integrated with the rest of the planning group. This reduces the effectiveness and accuracy of the operational assessment and minimizes the commanders situational awareness. Three items with the operational assessment process will be addressed: data collection, standardized operational objectives, and clarification of decision point recommendations.


Abstract : A site investigation addressing soil and groundwater contaminated with fuel hydrocarbons at the Former Military Gas Station (Facility 462), Eaker Air Force Base (AFB), Arkansas, was conducted by Parsons Engineering Science, Inc. (Parsons ES). Field work was conducted to support completion of the corrective action plan (CAP) presented in this report in support of a risk-based remediation decision for the former Military Gas Station. Characterization field efforts for this investigation were conducted between November 1998 and June 1999. In addition, contaminated soils were excavated and replaced with clean fill material in July and August 1999.


Introductions: Various studies showed that medical students were more prone to exposure to stress and anxiety than their peers. Along with the rising popularity of smartphones, university students tend to spend time on smartphones to distract themselves from stress. However, the overuse of smartphones may lead to addiction. Methods: This study applied a modified version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) to assess the level of addiction and Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) to quantify the severity of anxiety. Based on Spearman's rho statistical test, the value of p = 0.000 and r = 0.297. Results: There are 374 preclinical students included in this study. Most students (47.06%) use smartphones 5-10 hours daily. The majority of students were having mild anxiety (54.81%), followed by moderate anxiety (39.84%) and severe anxiety (5.35%). The results showed that smartphone addiction relates significantly to students' anxiety (p<0.05). Conclusions: From this study, it can be concluded that there is a positive and signiaficant correlation between anxiety and smartphone addiction among preclinical students in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga.


Closed loop control systems are in essence parallel and distributed. But when implementing this parallelism in software, lot of obstacles concerning multithreading communication and synchronization issues arise. Using multithreading in safe and structured way is possible if the program is built such that it can be checked using some formal mathematical algebra (e.g. CSP). Fortunately, several formal checking tools and libraries implementing CSP based constructs are available for most widely used general purpose programming languages.
One of those libraries is the CT library [1, 2], developed at University of Twente.


We present all the components needed for a fully-fledged stereo vision system, ranging from object detection through camera calibration to depth perception. We propose an efficient, automatic and practical method to calibrate cameras for use in 3D machine vision metrology. We develop an automated stereo calibration system that only requires a series of views of a manufactured calibration object in unknown positions. The system is tested against real and synthetic data, and we investigate the robustness of the proposed method compared to standard calibration practice. All the aspects of 3D stereo reconstruction is dealt with and we present the necessary algorithms to perform epipolar rectification on images as well as solving the correspondence and triangulation problems. It was found that the system performs well even in the presence of noise, and calibration is easy and requires no specialist knowledge. i Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


Corona discharge in high voltage power transmission lines can generate audible noise and radio inference, causing environmental problems in daily life. There are three different discharge modes of negative corona depending on DC voltage amplitude, namely, Trichel pulses, stable glow and negative streamers. A 2D fluid model, incorporating three species (electrons, positive oxygen ions and negative oxygen ions), was successfully built to simulate the formation of repetitive Trichel pulses in air. However, this simplified model cannot correctly predict the transition to pulseless glow. The calculated transition voltage is higher than experimental results. In this work the gas dynamics and a detachment reaction are taken into account in the model. Gas heating due to the deposited discharge energy will influence the chemical reaction rates and reduce the gas density. Besides the mobility of charged particles, the ionization and attachment coefficients are determined by the reduced electric field. The calculation results of the gas density from the gas dynamics model are coupled back to the discharge model. The corona discharge in a needle-cylinder electrode configuration is simulated and the results show that the mode transitions at a lower voltage, which agrees well with the experimental data. The ionization rate is greatly enhanced around the needle because of the gas density reduction. Therefore, the reduced electric field will not easily be decreased by the generation and accumulation of negative ions. A higher detachment rate also causes the Trichel pulses to disappear. The simulation results suggest that gas heating is more important for the mode transition of negative coronas from Trichel pulses to pulseless glow than was previously expected.


If the developing brain is harmed by seizures, the human species is in trouble. Four percent of all children have one or more febrile seizures (1,2). An additional 1% have a single unprovoked seizure, and -0.5-0.8% of all children have epilepsy by age 11 years ( 3 ) . If seizures damage the brain of possibly 6% of the immature population, the human species would not be expected to be very successful. From an evolutionary perspective, one would expect substantial tolerance to seizures in the developing nervous system of humans. It is possible to injure the brain of developing rats or mice by inducing very severe seizures (4). Fortunately, the brain of a small rodent is very different from the brain of a small child-the human brain is enormous as compared with the rat brain and is infinitely more complex. Even if seizures cause brain damage in immature rats, there is no justification for assuming that the same occurs in humans. Only data derived from humans can establish the relationship. Actually, data obtained from studies of human children clearly show that most seizures do no harm at all. In general, it is easier to prove harm than to prove its absence. Fortunately, the studies available to address the issue are large and methodologically sound. Three powerful lines of evidence show that recurrent seizures do not harm the developing nervous system of children. The first line is the epidemiologic data about febrile seizures, enhanced by one complementary study of children with epilepsy. The second line is data concerning the natural history of childhood epilepsy. The third is information about status epilepticus (SE).


Rhizospheric soil samples were collected from Akola, Pune, Solapur, Amravati, Sangli and Nagpur and abbreviated as Tv1, Tv2, Tv3, Tv4, Tv5 and Tv6, respectively for the isolation of Trichoderma asperellum on Trichoderma Selective Medium (TSM) by serial dilution and pour plate technique. Morphological characteristic viz., radial growth and colony characters of these isolates were studied on PDA. The maximum radial growth (mm) was recorded in Tv1 and Tv4 i.e. 90.00 mm collected from Akola and Amravati districts from cotton and soybean crop, respectively whereas, minimum was 87.50 mm observed inTv3 of Solapur district from Jowar crop. The antagonistic efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum against the soil born plant pathogens viz., Fusarium solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia bataicola were tested. The maximum per cent inhibition (82.44%) and minimum radial growth (15.80 mm) of Fusarium solani was observed in isolate Tv5. In case of Sclerotium rolfsii the minimum radial growth (17mm) with maximum per cent inhibition (81.11%) was recorded in isolate Tv3 collected from Solapur district. Antagonism between Trichoderma asperellum and test pathogen Rhizoctonia bataticola showed maximum growth inhibition (80.33%) in Tv3 isolate.


Without resorting to sentimentallity or overt trends regarding modernisation of historical monuments the architect responsible for this project was afforded the freedom to create a historically fatihfull reconstruction. This former bakery and archive building has been given a new lease of life, that is forward looking, considers issues of maintenance and usability. This is not a static exhibit, it is a functional building, and reinforces the idea of cultural identity and locality.


This paper explained some basic concepts,basic principles and applied methods about DCT digital watermarking algorithm and DWT digital watermarking algorithm.The robust of two methods are quantificationally watermarking algorithm is more robust to common image processing and JPEG compression than that of DCT.


The research was carried out in Horticulture field, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Mosul University, during the period from 2nd Nov. 2017 till 29th June 2018 on Trigonella foenum-graecum L. local variety, to study plants response to pinching, nitrogen fertilizer as urea at two levels: 0 and 60 Kg.h-1, and spraying with cobalt chloride at: 0 and 10mg.l-1. The amazing experience performed using split division within randomized full block design with 3 plot(1*2 m2) and (25) plants in plot. The results showed that pinching caused an important growth in shoots and number of leaves, number of seeds in a pod and total seed yield. On other hand nitrogen fertilization gave an important growth in plant height and leaves number. Finally, pinched plants which fertilized with urea at 60 kg.h-1 and sprayed with 10 mg.l-1 of cobalt chloride gave the largest value of total seed yield 1677.23 kg.h-1 compared with lowest significantly value 1447.73 kg.h-1 for control.


For superior Au/Al ball-bond reliability, we have developed the 3N (>99.9 wt% Au), 2N5 (>99.5 wt% Au) and 2N (>99 wt% Au) Au alloy bonding wires which contain less than 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt% Pt, respectively. In the thermal aging test of squashed balls (40 μm in diameter), which consists of storage in air at 250°C and evaluation with wire pull and ball shear, it has been found that there are interesting differences in the ball-bond degradation as a function of wire type. Even the samples bonded using the 3N wire with a very small amount of Pt show superior ball-bond reliability compared with those using a 4N (>99.99 wt% Au) wire without any addition of Pt. The ball-bond degradation in the thermal aging test is reduced significantly with increasing Pt content of a wire. From microstructural analysis of the aged 2N ball bonds, the Pt-containing layer, which seems to play a crucial role in improvement of the ball-bond reliability, have been found in the upper part of intermetallic compounds.


Recently, the number of elementary school students with obesity is increasing in the later elementary grades in Japan. In order to examine medical students provided lecture for improving lifestyle and inspiring interest in health including standard body weight, body mass index (BMI), and obesity for students and their parents, a cross-sectional questionnaire study on fifth grade of elementary students in response to 45 minutes lecture was conducted. The number of students who knew their height and weight were increased by 6 to 10% three months after the lecture. It was found that one lecture from medical students generated positive effect about the percentages of students who knew the information about their height and weight three months after lectures. The results of this study would be helpful as basic data of lifestyle guidance and health education not only for elementary school students but also for their parents and further research work of health education including weight control.


Modal analysis is extensively used for the analysis and design of structures. However, a major concern for structural dynamicists is that its validity is limited to systems showing a linear behaviour. New developments have thus been proposed in order to tackle nonlinear systems among which the theory based on the nonlinear normal modes is indubitably themost appealing. In this study, a different approach is adopted and the modes extracted from the proper orthogonal decomposition are considered for the characterization of nonlinear systems.


This study sought to elucidate how female and male learners of English tend to explain their achievement in their English classes. The study also investigated whether age exerts an impact on to what achievement in English is ascribed. To do this, a composite instrument was administered to a total of 578 learners (Mean age = 14.33, SD = 2.08) of English across five cities in Turkey. A total of 262 students were from the 6 th grade while 313 were studying English at the 10 th grade. Of participants, 336 were female while 238 were male. The composite instrument elicited participants' achievement attributions after the release of their latest English exam results.  An analysis of the data revealed that both groups identified the teacher input as the most important attribution for their achievement although the 10 th graders reported a much lower mean value for the teacher factor. A further multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant main and interaction effects of both gender and age (class) on majority of attributions manifested for the test performance. The results suggest that when there is a change in attributions, the change may be related mostly to changes in attributions of female participants from 6th Grade to 10th grade, implying a much stronger puberty effect on female learners of English. The results are discussed and suggestions are made in relation to current literature. Keywords: achievement attributions; gender difference; age difference; motivation; puberty


The present study was to investigate the effects of low and high concentration of K, as
well as the effects of foliar application of seaweed extract and of foliar spray of K, held in
hydroponic cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa).
Lettuce plants were grown in a closed hydroponic DFT system. The aim of this study
was to determine the growth parameters such as number and length of leaves, fresh and
dry weight of above ground and underground and root length. In addition, the
fluorescence and the leaf stomatal conductance were measured and the content of
chlorophylls and phenols was determined. The antioxidant capacity and content of the
nutrient solution in Na, K and P were also determined. All the above parameters were
studied to examine whether they are influenced by K deficiency, foliar application of
seaweed extract and K.
Different concentrations of K and foliar application of K and seaweed extract affect the
plants with different ways. Particularly in the foliar spray of K the low concentration of K
reduced leaf length by 7% comparing to the high concentration. Moreover in the foliar
application of seaweed extract at low K concentration, the leaf length was reduced by 4%
comparing to the control. In addition, the dry weight of the above ground decreased at the
foliar K under high K concentration relative to the control. However, the low K
concentration of the control, the foliar spray of K and seaweed extract increased the dry
weight of roots by 14%, 9% and 21% respectively. Regarding the leaf fluorescence, it
was observed increase in low concentration of K of control and a decrease at foliar spray
of K. The total chlorophylls increased at foliar K by low concentration of K comparing to
high concentration and control.
The antioxidant capacity (ABTS method) decreased to a low K concentration of the
control and decreased to a high concentration of K in foliar spray of seaweed extract and
K relative to the control. In addition, the antioxidant capacity (FRAP, DPPH method) was
reduced at low K concentration of the control. In addition, the K content of the solution
was decreased at low K concentration, while the P content increased at low K
concentration. No differences were found in the number of leaves, the fresh and dry
weight of above ground and underground, the root length, leaf stomatal conduct, Chla
and Chlb, the phenol content and the content of Na at nutrient solution.


ABSTRACT Nutritional deficiencies or imbalances are an unfortunate sequela to improper feeding and husbandry of exotic pets. The dietary requirements for many vitamins and minerals have not been established in captive reptiles. Clinical signs of limb paresis and ataxia unresponsive to vitamin D3 or calcium have been observed in bearded dragons, Pogona vitticeps, and some clinicians hypothesize that it may be caused by vitamin E-selenium deficiency. The purposes of this study were 1) to measure plasma vitamin E concentrations and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity in bearded dragons eating different diets, and 2) to determine whether the paresis syndrome recognized in these animals is caused by vitamin E or selenium deficiency. Plasma α-tocopherol concentrations and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity were measured in 34 healthy and one clinically affected captive bearded dragons. Mean concentrations for α-tocopherol (23.23 ± 18.63 μmol/L) and glutathione peroxidase activity (209.02 ± 72.6...


ABSTRACT In this study, crack generation and propagation during γ-austenite to α-ferrite phase transformation in Nb-microalloyed steel is observed. The relationship among the cracks, α-ferrite phase, and precipitate is discussed. The effects of the α-ferrite phase and precipitates on the hot ductility are discussed based on the experimental results and thermodynamic calculations. According to the mechanism of synergistic effects, microcracks begin to nucleate at the precipitate/α-ferrite phase interface. This is mainly due to stress concentration near the phase boundary between the soft phase ferrite and the hard phase precipitate. The microcracks grow faster along the γ/α phase boundary than α/α grain boundary. The growth rates are 1.67 and 0.83 µm s−1, for the γ/α and the α/α grain boundaries, respectively.


In 1997 the Transport Data Centre (TDC) of the New South Wales Department of Transport commenced the Household Travel Survey (HTS), a continuous survey of personal travel behaviour in the TDC Study Area, an area which is broadly equivalent to the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Region. The HTS is conducted using a 24-hour travel diary and a face-to-face interview collection method. In any survey where the face-to-face interview method is used to collect data, the major cost will usually be for interviewer time. An interviewer must travel to a household and conduct an interview at that household. The relative cost significance of these two processes will depend on the nature of the survey. In a survey with a large geographical scope such as the HTS, interviewer travel time becomes the major influence on costs. This paper discusses a number of options for reducing this cost without significantly affecting the quality of data collected. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. E200069.


Abstract:This piece examines the narrativization of the scars on Prince's back to read a narrative of an alternative humanism, that teaches us out of dispossession as ethics. Sylvia Wynter has argued that under the Western bourgeois order gender and race are a "function of genre." In showing the scars on her back to the culture that produced them, Prince disrupts these genres and no longer remains (only) subject to the white power around her but a maker of alternative and extrinsic narratives about blackness and being that we might read if we wish to do so.


Ultra-scaled silicon double-gate pMOSFETs with different channel lengths and thicknesses, as well as confinement and transport crystal orientations are simulated by the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) approach employing the six-band k·p Hamiltonian. The ballistic ON-state current (Ion) and the subthreshold swing (SS) are extracted from the I-V curves to evaluate the device performances. It is found that the optimal crystal orientation is dramatically different for different channel lengths and thicknesses. To understand such device behaviors, band structures, average ballistic hole velocities, and source-to-drain tunneling are calculated and compared.


Introduction: Nowadays, X-ray radiographic imaging plays an essential role in disease diagnosis and treatment. In addition to benefits, X-rays have harmful effects for both patients and radiographers. Observing radiation protection principles reduces radiation exposure and the probability of radiation risk. Therefore, we sought to assess the knowledge, attitude, and performance of radiographers in this regard. Material and Methods: This descriptive and analytic study was performed in South Khorasan Province in 2017. Data collection was performed by using a questionnaire containing items on knowledge, attitude, and performance. By using the census sampling method, 100 radiographers and senior radiology students were enrolled. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics were used in SPSS, version 20. Results: The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and performance were 61.8±13.8, 67.4±21.5, and 50.7±18.4, respectively. Gender had no significant effect on the radiographers' knowledge, attitude, and performance. The level of education was not significantly related to performance, while it had a significant direct association with knowledge and attitudes of the participants. Conclusion: Considering the knowledge, attitude, and performance scores of the radiographers and their willingness to attend retraining courses, we recommend holding  such courses. It seems that these courses could be very effective in improving the knowledge, attitude, and performance of radiographers towards the principles of radiation protection.


A study is conducted to establish the suitability of Colombian glued laminated bamboo (Guadua Angustifolia Kunt) for structural applications. As part of this study, selected mechanical properties are reported in this paper. Results confirm that glued laminated Guadua (GLG) has similar mechanical properties to best structural wood in Colombia. A comparison of the mechanical properties obtained in this research with the corresponding data reported around the world indicates that GLB can be suitable material for construction and design of structural elements.


An asymptotic expansion for the posterior Cdf of the reliability of series systems with very reliable components is obtained. This result allows us not only to calculate the Cdf easily but to estimate the magnitude of error when the infinite series expansion is truncated. Numerical results show that the asymptotic expansion converges very rapidly. Consequently, the computation of Bayes credibility intervals based on the truncated expansion is efficient and accurate. >


The impact of rapidly increasing fuel costs has all but made saline water conversion uneconomical. However, the application of wind energy systems to membrane processes for brackish water conversion offers an economical solution. Commercially available wind turbines and those under development appear promising for producing electrical energy at costs ranging from five cents down to 1.8 cents per kilowatt hour. It is still possible to reach costs for desalting brackish water at less than $1.00 per thousand gallons with large wind energy/desalination systems. The coupling of wind energy turbines to electrodialysis and reverse osmosis also offers technological advantages, such as variable energy outputs from wind turbines, to optimize variable fluid flows in the desalination processes for maximum, economic production of potable water. Research and development efforts in this direction are indicated.


Sir, In reference to the article about ulnar digital artery perforator flap published in IJPS by Panse and Sahasrabudhe[1] we have used this flap in two cases recently, of traumatic amputation of little finger (female patient of 20 years and a male patient of 35 years old). In both cases, it was an avulsion amputation injury with loss of distal phalanx and exposure of bone and tendons. Both patients refused groin flap and also cross finger flap, so this flap was selected as a last option. We did audio Doppler in both cases preoperatively to find dominant signal (site of perforator), which was around 2-3 mms distal to distal palmar crease. On the exploration, this was found to be the largest perforator of ulnar palmar digital artery. Complete length of the hypothenar eminence was used to raise the flap under tourniquet and with magnification. Both flaps were raised in subfascial manner and donor area primarily closed. The flap could entirely cover the volar and dorsal surface of exposed middle phalanx. In both cases, distal half of the flap had venous congestion after 24 h, for which removal of sutures, leeches, pentoxifylline and low-molecularweight heparin was tried. But ultimately it leads to dry necrosis of the distal half of the flap, which got separated on its own after 2 months with healed wound inside.


Data mining is the automatic discovery of patterns, associations, and anomalies in data sets. Data mining requires numerically and statistically intensive queries. Our assumption is that data mining requires a specialized data management infrastructure to support the aforementioned intensive queries, but because of the sizes of data involved, this infrastructure is layered over a hierarchical storage system. In this paper, we discuss the architecture of a system which is layered for modularity, but exploits specialized lightweight services to maintain efficiency. Rather than use a full functioned database for example, we use light weight object services specialized for data mining. We propose using information repositories between layers so that components on either side of the layer can access information in the repositories to assist in making decisions about data layout, the caching and migration of data, the scheduling of queries, and related matters.


The subject of this paper is the forgotten instructional technique called Structural Communication and how learners stereotypes could be defined to a generic Intelligent Tutor System based on Structural Communication Exercise. This instructional technique stemmed from teacher's practice of analysing a learner's problem solution to an ill-structured problem. The solution described in this paper is based on some ideas of convergent and divergent cognitive learner styles. These cognitive learner styles were used to define a set of twelve basic learner stereotypes. These ideas of learners stereotypes stemmed from the observation of how learners could employ some domain's concepts or ideas in a convergence and divergence way to solve a set of ill-structured problems. This set of learner's stereotypes is represented by three independent dimensions or layers and define a Learner Model of a generic ITS based on Structural