Shulants for the Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant feed containing the major nonradioactive components Al, Cd, Fe, Mn, Nd, Ni, Si, Zr, Na, C032-, NOg-, and NO2were used to study reactions of formic acid at 90°C catalyzed by the noble metals Ru, Rh, and/or Pd found in significant quantities in uranium fission products. Such reactions were monitored using gas chromatography to analyze the C02, H2, NO, and N20 in the gas phase and a sdcroammonia eIectrode to analyze the NH4+/NH3 in the liquid phase as a function of time. The following reactions have been studied in these systems since they are undesirable side reactions in nuclear waste processing: (1) Decomposition of formic acid' to CO2 + H2 is undesirable because of the potential fire and explosion hazard of H2. Rhodium, which was introduced as soluble RhC13.3&0, was found to be the most active catalyst for H2 generation from formic acid above 4O0C in the presence of nitrite, ion. The Hz production rate has an approximate pseudo first-order dependence on the Rh concentration, (2) Generation of NH3 from the formic acid reduction of nitrate and/or nitrite is undesirable because of a possible explosion hazard from NH4NO3 accumulation in a waste processing plant off-gas system. The Rh-catalyzed reduction of nitrogen-oxygen compounds to ammonia by formic acid was found to exhibit the following features: (a) Nitrate rather than nitrite is the principal source of NH3. (b) Ammonia production occurs at the expense of hydrogen production. (c) Supported rhodium metal catalysts are mormctive than rhodium in any other form, suggesting that ammonia production involves I hetecogeneous rather than homogeneous catalysis.


Introduction: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B cell lymphoma with a distinct morphology, immunophenotype and characteristic C-MYC gene rearrangement. When treated with intensive chemotherapy, outcomes are excellent with a reported overall survival of greater than 80% at 3 years. A small subset of patients have primary refractory or relapsed disease, but there have been few reports of treatment and outcomes of these patients due to the rarity of this lymphoma and its otherwise good prognosis.
 Objective: The objective of this study was to review the characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with relapsed/refractory BL.
 Methods: We included patients 18 years or older with a pathologically confirmed BL diagnosed between 2003 and 2018 at eight Canadian centres who received curative intent frontline chemotherapy and who had primary refractory or relapsed disease. Data were retrospectively reviewed at each site independently. Staging and response assessment was based on computed tomography (CT). Descriptive statistics were used for baseline characteristics and treatment regimens. Kaplan Meier Survival Analysis was used to estimate overall survival (OS) which was calculated from time of relapse.
 Results: A total of 74 patients were included in the study. Median age was 48 years (IQR 32-61) and 81% were male. Nine patients (12%) were known to be HIV positive. Most patients had advanced disease with stage III/IV (n=47, 64%), bone marrow involvement (n=32, 43%) and at least one extranodal site (n=67, 91%). Nineteen patients (26%) had central nervous system (CNS) involvement at diagnosis. The most common induction regimen was CODOX-M-IVAC (n=43, 58%) followed by CHOP or EPOCH (n=14, 19%) and hyperCVAD (n=7, 9%). Forty five (61%) patients received rituximab with their first line treatment. The median time to relapse from diagnosis was 5 months with a majority of cases being primary refractory (n=57, 77%). Patients had systemic relapse (n=44, 59%), isolated CNS relapse (n=19, 26%) or both (n=11, 15%).
 Forty three (58%) patients received second-line salvage chemotherapy while 28 (39%) were treated with palliative oral chemotherapy and/or radiation. A variety of salvage regimens were used including systemic and CNS-directed second line regimens: most common GDP (n=7, 9%), hyperCVAD (n=5, 7%) and DHAP (n=5, 7%). Rituximab was given at relapse to 23 patients (31%). Progressive disease during or after salvage was noted in 23 (31%) patients. Twenty patients received a second-line transplant (15 autologous, 5 allogeneic). The median OS of the whole cohort was 3.2 months and 2 year OS was 17.2% (95% CI 9.4-26.9). Median OS for patients receiving salvage was 5.4 months compared to 1.3 months for those who received palliative therapy (p<0.05). Amongst the patients who died (n=62, 84%), the most common cause of death was disease progression (n=57, 77%), while 2 died from treatment-related toxicity (3%) and 3 from second malignancies (4%). Patients with both systemic and CNS involvement at the time of relapse had a worse prognosis than those with isolated systemic or isolated CNS relapse (median OS 1.9 months vs 3.4 months, p=0.03). Nine of 11 surviving patients received either an autologous (n=8) or allogeneic (n=1) stem cell transplant. One patient was lost to follow up shortly after progressing. Median follow up for survivors was 50 months (range 2-201 months).
 Conclusion: Relapsed/refractory BL has very poor prognosis, even in the rituximab era. There is no standard approach to salvage treatments in this population. Despite advances in novel agents and cellular therapies in aggressive lymphoma, patients with BL are often excluded from these clinical trials. This study highlights the need for inclusion of this population in trials evaluating novel therapies for aggressive B cell lymphomas.
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 Gerrie: Astrazeneca: Honoraria, Research Funding; Sandoz: Honoraria; Roche: Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding. Chua: Merck: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Eisai: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria. Stewart: Roche: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Sandoz: Honoraria; Teva: Honoraria. Kuruvilla: Seattle Genetics: Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Honoraria; Medison Ventures: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Karyopharm: Honoraria, Other: Data and Safety Monitoring Board; Gilead: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria, Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria; Antengene: Honoraria; Merck: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; BMS: Honoraria. Crump: Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kyte/Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Epizyme: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding.


The testosterone–cortisol ratio is a concept in human biology that refers to the balance between testosterone, the main anabolic steroid, and cortisol, another steroid hormone. The two hormones are said to be habitually positively "coupled". Increases or decreases in testosterone tend to be associated with corresponding increases or decreases in cortisol, and vice versa. The present study explored hormone coupling and its relationship to stress levels in the sport performances of an elite women's volleyball team. (1) Aim: to assess the testosterone–cortisol concentration dynamic over 16 weeks and its link to sport performance in elite female volleyball players (height: 1.8 ± 0.1 m; 24.2 ± 2.7 years; playing experience 15 ± 2.8 years; years played at elite level 4.2 ± 2.2; testosterone–cortisol index time 1: 3.9 vs. time 2: 4.3) (n = 11). (2) Methods: blood samples (hormones among other biochemical parameters) and sports performance measurements (aerobic and anaerobic power among other tests) were taken from members of an elite women's volleyball team over 16 weeks of competition. (3) Results: female volleyball players showed patterns of hormonal change and adaptation to stress. (4) Conclusions: the current investigation demonstrated that elite female volleyball players have higher basal levels of testosterone and cortisol than normal healthy women. The impact of training and competition is clearly reflected in the levels of T. Cortisol levels increase at the beginning of training and remain elevated throughout the season, but without significant changes.


Extrapolating beyond-demonstrator (BD) performance through the imitation learning (IL) algorithm aims to learn from and subsequently outperform the demonstrator. To that end, a representative approach is to leverage inverse rein-forcement learning (IRL) to infer a reward function from demon-strations before performing RL on the learned reward function. However, most existing reward extrapolation methods require massive demonstrations, making it difficult to be applied in tasks of limited training data. To address this problem, one simple solution is to perform data augmentation to artificially generate more training data, which may incur severe inductive bias and policy performance loss. In this paper, we propose a novel meta learning-based reward extrapolation (MLRE) algorithm, which can effectively approximate the ground-truth rewards using limited demonstrations. More specifically, MLRE first learns an initial reward function from a set of tasks that have abundant training data. Then the learned reward function will be fine-tuned using data of the target task. Extensive simulation results demonstrated that the proposed MLRE can achieve impressive performance improvement as compared to other similar BDIL algorithms. Our code is available at GitHub11https://github.com/yuanmingqi/MLRE.


Distal radius fractures are among the mostly seen orthopaedic traumas and constitute nearly 20% of fracture cases applying to the emergency. In case segmental and unstable fractures seen on the surface of joint are not appropriately treated, serious complications occur. In selection of the applied treatment methods, patient's age, job, functional status and daily activities play an important role for the patients with distal radius fractures. In addition to chronological age, the physiological condition of the patient and general state of health should be examined carefully. Surgical treatment can be considered for young and active patients for better results. There is a wide range of methods for surgical treatment and these are "Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, Closed reduction and external fixation, Percutaneous pinning in addition to closed reduction and external fixation, Grafting in addition to closed reduction and external fixation, Closed reduction and external fixation and limited open reduction-internal fixation and grafting, Arthroscopy-supported open reduction, Open reduction and internal fixation (plate-screw)". The complications that may occur following the surgical intervention are between 6-80%. The complications stated in literature are loss of motion, delayed bonding, nonunion, nerve compression, pain syndromes, complications of fixation material, osteomyelitis, malunion, tendon ruptures, tenosynovitis, scar formation, radio ulnar synostosis, dupuytren's contracture, arthritis, ligament injury. Today, radius distal fractures are generally subjected to surgical treatment thanks to the development of orthopaedic surgery. It hasn't been proved yet that surgical treatment is far superior to conservative treatment.


The present invention provides for methods of identifying a dog carrying a major genetic risk factor in the SOD1 gene for degenerative myelopathy, a potential model for human amyeotrophic lateral sclerosis. Also provided a methods of early diagnosis, treatment and breeding based on the presence or absence of the marker.


In order to make unintentional physical interaction with robots safer for humans, we consider compliant control of an omnidirectional wheeled base. In this paper we present a fully holonomic mobile robot system which achieves compliant motion via force control, improving over previous pseudo-omnidirectional mobile systems by being fully omnidirectional. We explain our robot's drive train, and present an experimental validation of our actuator control strategy. Using a smith predictor and a simple delay-based plant model, we demonstrate compliance and safe interaction in both the mobile system alone and as the base of a wheeled mobile manipulator style system.


In order to improve the performance of underwater gliders, the shape of a new underwater glider was designed with the Blended-Wing-Body (BWB). In this paper, the relationships between steady-state gliding motion parameters and energy consumption for the Blended-Wing-Body underwater glider (BWBUG) have been researched. Firstly, the steady gliding motion modeling of the BWBUG was built to describe the relationship between the motion parameters and steady-state gliding. Then, an energy consumption model was built to describe the relationships among the energy consumption of one steady-state gliding motion cycle and steady gliding motion parameters. An optimization model was established according to the optimal target with the minimal energy consumption per nautical mile. The hydrodynamic numerical simulations of BWBUG presented in this paper were carried out using the commercial code Fluent. Finally, the effect of the optimization model to reduce energy consumption is evaluated on the BWBUG.


witb those aspects more especially concerning tbe biologist mijjbt be available. Tbe suggestion tbat eacb department sbould bave a pliysicist and cliemist attacbed is an ideal tbat will probably at present prove not to be witbin tlie scope of practical policy. We fully agree witb Mr. T. G. Hill tbat tbe different subjects sliould be taken consecutively and not concurrently, all tbe more as otber laboratory subjects {e.^., Cbemistry and Pbysics) form tbe best adjuncts to Botany. We also endorse tbe view tbat a Pass degree sbould be a necessary step to graduation in an Honours scbool. As regards tbe subjects for tbe former, we sbould deprecate too restricted a cboice of combinations, since for some morpbological minds it is conceivable tbat, for instance. Botany, Zoology, and Geology migbt yield good results. For tbis reason too tbe suggested Honours scbools, namely Pbysiology and Ecology, Biocbemistry and Biopbysics, and Morpbology are open to objection, since in tbe case of an agricultural student, for example, tbe grouping of Ecology and Biocbemistry would probably be more advantageous tban any otber. We are. Sir, etc., P. H. FRITSCH. E. J. SALISBURY.


This paper reports the findings of a study designed to investigate English e-requestsof Iranian EFL postgraduate students (i.e., nonnative speakers of English) made totheir professors during their education at Islamic Azad University, Najaf AbadBranch, Isfahan, Iran, to find out types of politeness features employed in the students'e-mails and the extent to which these features might influence the degree of politenessof the students' e-mails to the faculty. To that end, both quantitative and qualitativeapproaches were employed to investigate 60 English e-mails composed by theparticipants. The findings revealed that the Iranian students' English e-mails were notoverly adorned with politeness features. The results also indicated that such direct andunmodified e-mails failed to create e-polite messages to the faculty and, therefore,were capable of causing pragmatic failure.


Two field experiments were conducted during summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 to study the effect of irrigation regimes at different growth stages on seed, oil and protein yields of soybean cultivars. The interrelationships among seed yield ha -1 and its attributes through simple correlation and stepwise regression analysis were evaluated. The results indicated that the percentages of oil and protein in the seeds were significantly affected by water regimes and caused a decrease in oil percentage and increase in protein percentage. In addition, both oil and protein output per unit area was significantly reduced, as water regimes increased. The results showed that skipping irrigation during vegetative, flowering and pod filling stages had no effect on economic yield and save 14% from total irrigation costs of soybean production, but skipping two or three irrigations during vegetative, flowering and pod filling stages had effect on economic yield of soybean production under the environmental conditions of Giza region. Results revealed that Giza 111 proved to be the best cultivar followed by Giza 21 among the six cultivars included in the test under different water regime. Simple correlation analysis indicated that seed yield ha -1 was positively correlated with number of branches plant -1 , number of pods plant -1 , 1000-seed weight and seed yield plant -1 . Stepwise regression procedure indicated that number of branches plant -1 , number of pods plant -1 and number of seeds pod -1 , were the most important characters affecting seed yield ha -1 . Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that effect of irrigation regimes, cultivars and irrigation regimes × cultivars on seed, oil and protein yield were significant. homogeneity Bartlett's test of homogeneity it found be for F-test


Purpose: Surgical trainees develop psychomotor skills using various techniques, with simulators providing safe practicing environments. There has been no development of virtual simulators with haptics (force feedback) that allow residents to practice the open surgical fixation of common orthopedic fractures. The main purpose of this study was to assess if residents performed similarly on a newly developed virtual simulator as on a Sawbones simulator using a modified checklist and global rating scale. Secondary purposes were to assess the reliability and validity of these procedural measurement tools. Method: A stratified randomized within-subjects study was performed with 22 surgical trainee volunteers. They were randomized to first perform surgical fixation of the ulna using either the virtual or Sawbones simulator, and then performed the same procedure on the other simulator. Evaluators completed a task-specific checklist, global rating scale (GRS), total error score and time to completion for each participant on both simulators. Results: The participants achieved significantly better scores on the virtual simulator compared to the Sawbones simulator (p0.8), except in time to completion. When combined, the checklist and GRS maintained high levels of internal consistency (Cronbach's a >0.80) and inter-rater reliability (intraclass coefficient >0.90) for both simulators. A Pearson's product moment correlation was used to demonstrate criterion validity of the measurement tools. They were all significantly correlated to each other within simulators (p0.9), while the virtual simulator achieved construct validity for the GRS and total error score (p1.1). Conclusion: The modified procedural measurement tools demonstrate reliability and validity and the virtual simulator shows evidence of construct validity. These tools were used to evaluate participants, demonstrating the achievement of better scores on the virtual simulator compared to the Sawbones simulator. The only concern at this time is that the procedural measurement tool scores do not correlate between simulators. The newly developed virtual ulna surgical fixation simulator with haptics shows promise for helping surgical trainees learn and practice basic skills, but requires further modifications before it can attain the same standards as the current gold standard simulators.


In view of the disadvantage of the traditional static synchronous compensator(STATCOM) for only replenishing the reactive power, the improved system of the D.C. side-parallel battery energy storage system(BESS)was studied in this paper to achieve the dual regulation of both active and reactive power. At first, the operating principle of the STATCOM-BESS was described briefly and a mathematical model was derived. Besides, the operating characteristics of the four-quadrant compensation model were analyzed particularly. Then the current decoupling control techniques were studied based on the active and reactive power independent control of the SVPWM. Finallythe STATCOM-BESS model was built in the MATLAB/Simulink and simulation analyses were made.The simulation results showed that the proposed model could precisely and quickly control both the active and the reactive power control and had excellent dynamic and steady state characteristics, which verified the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed SVPWM control method.


Author disambiguation is a prerequisite for utilizing bibliographic metadata in citation analysis. Automatic disambiguation algorithms mostly rely on cluster-based disambiguation strategies for identifying unique authors given their names and publications. However, most approaches rely on knowing the correct number of unique authors a-priori, which is rarely the case in real world settings. In this publication we analyse cluster-based disambiguation strategies and develop a model selection method to estimate the number of distinct authors based on co-authorship networks. We show that, given clean textual features, the developed model selection method provides accurate guesses of the number of unique authors.


The invention relates to a method for judging a touch position, which is suitable for an optical touch panel, wherein a plurality of visible light and invisible light sensors which are arranged in a matrix mode and are respectively corresponding to each other are arranged in the optical touch panel. The method comprises the following steps: reading sensing signals of each visible light sensor andeach invisible light sensor; converting the sensing signal of each visible light sensor into first binary codes according to first set parameters, and converting the sensing signal of each invisible light sensor into second binary codes according to second set parameters and third set parameters; and carrying out an AND operation on all the first binary codes and all the second binary codes to acquire a plurality of logical operation values to judge the touch position of a user on the optical touch panel.


The present study numerically investigates two-dimensional fluid flow in the confined jet flow in the presence of applied magnetic field. Numerical simulations to calculate the fluid flow and heat transfer in the confined jet are performed for different Reynolds numbers in the absence and presence of magnetic fields in the range of , where N is the Stuart number (interaction parameter) which is the ratio of electromagnetic force to inertia force. The present study reports the detailed information of flow in the channel at different Stuart numbers. As the intensity of applied magnetic fields increases, the vortex shedding formed in the channel becomes weaker and the oscillating amplitude of impinging jet decreases. The flow fields become the steady state if the Stuart number is greater than a critical value. Thus the pressure coefficients at the stagnation point also vary as a function of Stuart number.


Aim: SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently affects the lungs, it can also cause severe inflammation in the lower respiratory tract, leading to tracheal damage. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the mean tracheal air column and COVID-19.Material and Method: Chest computed tomography scans of COVID-19 patients treated in an intensive care unit between June 1st, 2020 and October 1st 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The air column area of the trachea was measured and the effect of the values obtained on mortality and length of stay in the intensive care unit for patients COVID-19 was examined.Results: We found that an increase in the mean tracheal air column increased mortality by 1.218 times. We also determined that an increase in the mean area of the tracheal air column increased the length of stay in the intensive care unit. Furthermore, we showed that advanced age and an increase in the length of stay in the intensive care unit were factors that increased mortality.Conclusion: Tracheomegaly is a poor prognostic factor in COVID-19 disease and is easily diagnosed with CT.


Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of CT and MRI imaging to schwannoma of psoas muscle. Materials and Methods 11 cases of schwannoma of psoas muscle proved by surgery and pathology were admitted in this study. 6 patients underwent CT and MRI examination, 2 cases only a CT scan, 3 patients underwent MRI only. Pre and post contrast CT and MRI findings of the tumor were analysis. Results 6 cases showed heterogeneous density and 2 cystic lesions were homogeneous density, one case was nodular with higher density on CT plain scan. One of them had irregular vertebra bone destruction which adjacent tumor. 7 cases showed heterogeneous signal and small cystic lesions or patchy high signal on T2WI of MRI plain scan; 2 cases were cystic lesions. DWI showed heterogeneous signal in six cases, two of them had 'Pomegranate Seed' sign. The tumors were nodular, flocculent or papillary enhancement and broke into the central in arterial phase, Peripheral tumor showed irregular flower ring enhancement, and progressively enhanced in portal and late phases. Cystic areas were uncertainty enhancement. Conclusion CT, MRI scan have certain qualitative diagnosis of schwannoma of the psoas muscle.


This paper presents the thinking and making of the architectural research probe Listener. Developed as an interdisciplinary collaboration between textile design and architecture, Listener explores how information-based fabrication technologies are challenging the material practices of architecture. The paper investigates how textile design can be understood as a model for architectural production providing new strategies for material specification and allowing the thinking of material as inherently variegated and performative. The paper traces the two-fold information-based strategies present in the Listener project. Firstly, the paper presents the design strategy leading to the development of bespoke interfaces between parametric design and Computer Numerically Controller (CNC) based textile fabrication. Secondly, by integrating structural and actuated materials the paper presents the making of a new class of materials that are computationally defined as well as controlled. The paper asks: what happens as architectural practice incorporates material design: how do we conceive and use variegated materials; and how can we develop relevant concepts and tools for such material specification?


The relative importance of visual and tactile cues in consumer assessments of 'Royal Gala' apple ripeness were studied in relation to commercial maturity indices which included background color, blush, weight and skin greasiness. Apples were evaluated by consumers under 3 sensory conditions to isolate their use of visual and tactile cues. Individual fruit were harvested to provide apples which independently varied in background color, blush and weight. Visual cues of skin color were found to be greater drivers of perceived apple ripeness than tactile cues of skin greasiness and apple firmness. Amongst the visual cues tested, the hue of the background color had the greatest impact on consumer judgments of 'Royal Gala' apple ripeness. Consumer's ideal 'Royal Gala' apple ripeness was achieved with a background color between chip levels 5 and 8, blush coverage between 33-66% and weighing between 130-142 g.


To find a literary work, the reader should know how to characterize these figures. Characterization is an attempt toshow the character or the character of the character played. The personality of a fictional character is a behavior of thefictional character that is described by a writer in his or her literature. The personality of fictional character is somethinginevitable from a literature because a reader will not enjoy a literature without a character. The goals of this researchare: (1) Find Elina's characterization from "Ich spur mich nicht" by Jana Frey. There is one research problem in thisthesis : (1) How is Elina's characterization from "Ich spur mich nicht" by Jana Frey? This research method isdescriptive qualitative. The data was analyzed through characterizations method by Sayuti und to analyze thecharacterization is introvert or extrovert using the theory of Carl Gustav Jung. The results of this research are: (1)Characterization of Elina in the novel "Ich Spur mich nicht" by Jana Frey in terms of personality psychology of CarlGustav Jung, the leader Elina is likely to have an introverted personality because it has four characteristics introvertpersonality, among other things (a) prefer to be alone, (b) have their own way to express something, (c) is not easy toget along with others, (d) a fanciful or fantasy, and only the personality traits of extravert is confident.


This study examined the relationship between organizational cultural traits on performance of business organizations focusing on four commercial banks in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. In examining the relationship between organizational culture and performance of business organizations in Benin City, culture components such as sense of mission in the organization, consistency of organization culture, organizational adaptability, and employee involvement were correlated with performance components such as organization growth, employee's commitment, goal achievement and customers' satisfaction. The study used data collected from the research questionnaires and the data were analyzed using percentage and Pearson's product moment correlation analysis.thev result revealed that the sense of mission in the organization, consistency in organization culture and organizational adaptability were found to have positive and significant relationship with organizational performance, while employee's involvement in the organization has no significant relationship with organizational performance. It was recommended that there should be training programmes for managers and employees on how to improve organization's product / service delivery to boost customer's satisfaction..


Monotonous learning process in this case the use of conventional methods that continuously have a significant enough effect on learning outcomes, therefore innovation is needed in carrying out the learning process in the classroom. regards, one innovation is using a new learning model, namely by using Remap-STAD learning model. This study aims to see the improvement of student cognitive learning outcomes who are taught using the Remap-STAD learning model. This research was conducted at Sembilanbelas November Kolaka University. The sample of this study was students of class 2018 offering B who program the Teaching and Learning Strategy course with a total of 27 students. This study used a qualitative approach to the type of classroom action research  combined with Lesson Study. Data on cognitive learning outcomes are obtained through essay tests that are supported by observations. The results of this study indicate an increase in the cognitive learning outcomes of students who are taught with the Remap-STAD learning model.


Objective
To study the clinical significance of serum cystatin C (Cys C) in patients with acute leukemia (AL).

Methods
A total of 59 newly diagnosed AL patients in Xinghua City People's Hospital from January 2014 to August 2017 were enrolled; meanwhile, 59 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination at Medical Center of Xinghua City People's Hospital were selected as the control group. AU5800 automatic biochemical analyzer from American Beckman Coulter Corporation was applied to detect the levels of serum Cys C, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine (Cr). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also drawn.

Results
The levels of serum Cys C and LDH in AL patients were higher than those in the control group [serum Cys C: (1.36±0.72) mg/L vs. (0.76±0.27) mg/L; LDH: (456±362) U/L vs. (185±29) U/L], and there was a statistical significance (t=-5.965, P= 0.000; t=-5.718, P= 0.000). There was no statistical difference in the serum Cr between AL patients and control group [(86±26) μmol/L vs. (82±16) μmol/L] (P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between levels of serum Cys C and LDH in AL patients (rs= 0.447, P < 0.05). The ROC area under curve of serum Cys C was 0.823, the standard error was 0.037, and the confidence interval of 95% was 0.751-0.896. The ROC area under curve of serum LDH was 0.811, the standard error was 0.042, and the confidence interval of 95% was 0.728-0.894.

Conclusion
The level of serum Cys C in AL patients is higher than that in the healthy population. The detection of serum Cys C is helpful in the diagnosis of AL and the evaluation of tumor burden, which is consistent with serum LDH.

Key words:
Leukemia, acute; Serum cystatin C; Creatinine; Lactate dehydrogenase


Strengthening of laser surface cladding is one method of surface modification. Some cladding layers were built with process parameters such as laser power 106 W,scan velocity 8m / min,cladding layer thickness 20 ~ 60 mm,and material is Fe-17Cr-4Ni-2Mo-0. 1C,and then,morphology of cladding layer,micro-hardness,density and X-ray diffraction were processed. According to analysis results,the micro-hardness of the cladding layer is wavy changed and their average value is bigger than HV300,the density is bigger than 96%,and the main phase is γ-Fe.


Educators at all stages of their careers struggle with finding the best ways to support English Language Learner (ELL) students in learning vocabulary and comprehension of content so they can achieve at higher levels. This challenge is intensified by the rigorous new standards set throughout the country. At the same time that schools are welcoming increasing numbers of immigrant students, the students are arriving with an increasing variety of prior educational experiences. It is refreshing to find a new resource that addresses these issues. Making Content Comprehensible for English Language Learners: The SIOP Model provides a practical and flexible tool for educators to use in planning, implementing, and observing Sheltered Instruction (SI). This manual was written by three authors with complementary professional backgrounds and perspectives. It explains a research-based model of SI and uses classroom vignettes to demonstrate how the model can be implemented. Echevarria, Vogt, and Short have developed the Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP), an observation checklist with multiple possibilities. The SIOP could be used by teachers or student teachers alone, with peer coaches, or with a supervisor. The SIOP could also be used as a resource for planning and implementing high quality lessons. The SIOP is composed of 30 items grouped into three main sections: "Preparation," "Instruction," and "Review/Assessment." Each of the 30 items uses a 5-point Likert scale for scoring. The complete SIOP and an abbreviated version are presented in the Appendix, and a sample completed SIOP gives an educator a clear JOURNAL OF EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS PLACED AT RISK, 7(1), 103–104 Copyright © 2002, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.


Mixtures of up to 8 different alkyl Grignard reagents were prepared from the reaction of alkyl halides with magnesium. These multicomponent Grignard reagents were reacted with aldehydes, ketones or esters to produce mixtures of alcohols. Analysis of the product mixtures showed that from the reactions of aldehydes and ketones uniform mixtures of products were formed, while from the reaction with esters uniform libraries were only obtained after slow addition of the Grignard reagent.


In this paper, we prove that if A and B are normal operators on a Hubert space H , then, for every operator 5 satisfying ASB = S , \\AXB-X+ S\\ > IMII-'PH-'IISII for all operators X e B(H), and that if A and B are contractions, then, for every operator S satisfying ASB = S and A'SB* = S , \\AXB - X + S\\ > \\S\\ for all operators X e B(H), where B(H) denotes the set of all bounded linear operators on H.


Abstract The article discusses circumvention and anti-circumvention in international trade with a focus on Australia's anti-circumvention mechanism and in particular the first anti-circumvention investigation in Australia. It identifies the major issues relating to circumvention and anti-circumvention in the GATT/WTO negotiations which have led to the failure of WTO members to conclude uniform rules on anti-circumvention. The article argues that multilateral anti-circumvention rules are necessary to standardize national anti-circumvention laws and practice and discipline unilateral use of anti-circumvention measures. The article further argues that Australia's anti-circumvention law and practice, as reflected in its first anti-circumvention investigation, may have violated WTO rules and is likely to lead to increasing protectionism to cost of WTO members and Australia's FTA trading partners. Australia's unjustified use of anti-circumvention measures is unlikely to foster the development of its import-competing industries and may provoke retaliation by other countries.


In this paper, we introduce the first validation framework of an indoor navigation system for blind and visually impaired (BVI) users, which is a significant step toward the development of cost effective indoor way-finding solutions for BVI users. The BVI users require detailed landmark-based navigation instructions that will help them arrive at the chosen destination independently. These users will interact with the navigation instructions on a smartphone using an accessible user interface. The validation framework includes the following three main components: 1) virtual reality-based simulation that simulates a BVI user traversing and interacting with the physical environment, developed using Unity game engine; 2) generation of action codes that emulate the avatar movement in the virtual environment, developed using a natural language processing parser of the navigation instructions; and 3) accessible user interface, which enables the user to access the navigation instructions, developed using Sikuli script library. We introduce a case study that illustrates the use of the validation tool using PERCEPT system. It is our strong belief that the validation framework we provide in this paper will encourage other developers to invent indoor navigation systems for BVI users. In addition, we would like to mention that this tool is the first step of validating an indoor navigation system and should be followed by trials with human subjects.


From October,2003 to May,2004,we carried out an investigation on the bats in the Taihang Macaque nature Reserve of Henan Province. The study revealed that the bats in this area belong to 2 families, 5 genus and 8 species. 6 species of them are new records in Henan Province. They are R.affinis, M.frater, M.doubentoni. P.auritus, M.leucogasterd and M.aurata.In addition, we investigate their habitat and hibernation.


We use physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to compute the first quasi-normal modes of the Kerr geometry via the Teukolsky equation. This technique allows us to extract the complex frequencies and separation constants of the equation without the need for sophisticated numerical techniques, and with an almost immediate implementation under the \texttt{PyTorch} framework. We are able to compute the oscillation frequencies and damping times for arbitrary black hole spins and masses, with accuracy typically below the percentual level as compared to the accepted values in the literature. We find that PINN-computed quasi-normal modes are indistinguishable from those obtained through existing methods at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) larger than 100, making the former reliable for gravitational-wave data analysis in the mid term, before the arrival of third-generation detectors like LISA or the Einstein Telescope, where SNRs of ${\cal O}(1000)$ might be achieved.


Let G be a classical group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 2 and let C be an elliptic conjugacy class in the Weyl group. In a previous paper the first named author associated to C a unipotent conjugacy class \Phi(C) in G. In this paper we show that \Phi(C) can be characterized in terms of the closure relations between unipotent classes. Previously the analogous result was known in odd characteristic and for exceptional groups in any characteristic.


Most systems helping to provide structured information and support opinion building, discuss with users without considering their individual interest. The scarce existing research on user interest in dialogue systems depends on explicit user feedback. Such systems require user responses that are not content-related and thus, tend to disturb the dialogue flow. In this paper, we present a novel model for implicitly estimating user interest during argumentative dialogues based on semantically clustered data. Therefore, an online user study was conducted to acquire training data which was used to train a binary neural network classifier in order to predict whether or not users are still interested in the content of the ongoing dialogue. We achieved a classification accuracy of 74.9% and furthermore investigated with different Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) which new argument would fit the user interest best.


Abstract : The Si:Ga system is modeled for detection of infrared (IR) radiation in low backgrounds. The responsivity and detectivity are calculated as functions of residual B, compensation ratio, and temperature. The results demonstrate a large potential for improvement in device performance if starting material with a low residual B is used to manufacture the detectors. These improvements include higher responsivity, higher operating temperature, increased detectivity, greater uniformity in spatial response, and increased radiation hardness.


Base courses are the bed of ballast under the sleepers, protective courses or layers laid or made artifically (gravel, cement and lime stabilization, and bituminous courses). The foundation for these courses are the untreated or soil bed. The basic construction of the system; deciding the size of protecting courses; and critical remarks on the process are discussed.


Abstract An Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention Program committee was formed at a public university in south-central United States to develop programs for employees and students as required by the Drug Abuse Prevention Programs Act of 1987. To determine the status of drug usage on the campus, students (N=735) completed a 78 item questionnaire that assessed knowledge of alcohol, frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption, consequences of alcohol use, and usage of 10 drugs in addition to alcohol. Significant differences on the dependent variables were found by both sex and race. A series of recommendations and strategies for alcohol and drug education programming based upon survey results included providing more extensive information on alcohol, reinforcing students who choose not to drink, and providing intervention programs for students with alcohol problems.


Fuel ethanol has become one of the most important liquid fuels because of the shortage of fossil fuels.In this paper the production of starchiness-based fuel ethanol is reviewed,from the pretreatment of raw material to the dehydration of product.Different technologies are discussed and their energy consumptions are analyzed to find out the best technical route for the producers based on the statistics.There are five steps to manufacture ethanol,and liquefaction and distillation are the important ones,as they consume more energy than others.Waste treatment is discussed based on different raw materials.These results can be useful for the producers.


Generally the transmission can be considered as a mechanical system formed by a set of rigid links, the position and speed of which are determined by the problem of the law of motion of the engine crankshaft. The transmission of the car consists of a large number of flywheels which are interconnected by shafts, clutches and other elastic elements with different angular stiffness. These assembly units form a rather complex torsional oscillatory system with scattered parameters. Loads acting on the transmission of the car are due to environmental influences (macro- and micro-profile of the bearing surface, physical and mechanical properties of the soil, etc.) and fluctuations of the car itself, and are random.To determine the actual loads in its elements and the degree of non-uniformity of their motion, as well as finding the laws of this motion, it is necessary to take into account their elasticity and the impact of these processes on fuel consumption.The method of determining losses in the transmission of the car on the basis of the energy approach taking into account the operating conditions of armored vehicles of the NGU is proposed. The method should be based on a mathematical model of fuel consumption as the main source of energy, which takes into account the variety of operating conditions and follows from the theory of the car.  Mechanical losses in the engine can be expressed through the magnitude of the piston stroke and crankshaft speed. The average effective pressure is determined by the force lost in the transmission and the force applied to the wheels of the car. The total moment of resistance of transmission given to driving wheels is presented in the form of two components: the moment caused by friction losses in knots transferring loadings (gearboxes, a transfer case, reducers of leading axles, cardan transfers), and the moment taking into account expenses energy for oil spraying in units (hydraulic losses). The total transmission losses consist of two main components: idling losses and torque transmission losses. Losses in transmission separately on units are defined by means of the special stands equipped with braking and loading devices. An important advantage of the method is the ability to obtain the equation of engine power balance and determine the efficiency of the transmission as a system with distributed parameters. Further research should be aimed at improving the mathematical model of fuel consumption, taking into account the calculated values of the transmission efficiency depending on the operating conditions of armored vehicles of the NGU.


With the increase of data volume and the shortage of frequency band resources in sub6 band, it is difficult to meet the communication requirements for the existing mobile communication systems. It is worth noting that, the 5G millimeter wave communication technology has the advantages of fast speed, large bandwidth and low delay, which can meet the demands of future mobile communication. How to generate millimeter wave with high quality is the key technology. In this paper, 5G millimeter wave communication systems and several all-optical millimeter wave generation technologies are discussed, including direct modulation method, optical heterodyne method, frequency up-conversion method, external modulation method and four-wave mixing (FWM) method. Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of different methods are compared and analyzed. In addition, the promising future applications of 5G millimeter wave communication systems are discussed, and the potential application value of 5G millimeter wave communication systems in digital twin, mobile edge computing and other fields is summarized.


The purposes of this study were to develop an Earth systems-based earth science module and to investigate the effects of field application. The module was applied to two classrooms of a total of 76 second-year high schoolers, in order to investigate the effectiveness of the developed module. Data was collected from observations in earth science classrooms, interviews, and questionnaires. The findings were as follows. First, the Earth systems-based earth science module was designed to be associated with the aims of the national Earth Science Curriculum and to improve students` Earth science literacy. The module was composed of two sections for a total of seven instructional hours for high schoolers. The former sections included the understanding of the Earth system through the understanding of each individual component of the system, its characteristics, properties and structure. The latter section of the module, consisting of 4 instructional hours, dealt with earth environmental problems, the understanding of subsystems changing through natural processes and cycles, and human interactions and their effects upon Earth systems. Second, the module was helpful in learning about the importance of understanding the interactions between water, rock, air, and life when it comes to understanding the Earth system, its components, characteristics, and properties. The Earth systems-based earth science module is a valuable and helpful instructional material which can enhance students` understanding of Earth systems and earth science literacy.


Photovoltaic (PV) inverters form the backbone of PV generation. This paper proposes an all-film-capacitor, transformerless single-phase inverter for PV application. The topology is a combination of a front-end boost stage, a half-bridge (HB) inverter stage, and a buck–boost power decoupling stage. The grid ripple power is decoupled by a large swing of the HB capacitors along with a limited ripple on the dc link, thus reducing the capacitance requirement and converter volume. Being an HB-derived inverter, the high-frequency common mode leakage current through the PV parasitic capacitance is mitigated. Furthermore, the dc-link average is optimally controlled to ensure a higher efficiency over wide operating load and power factor range. To validate its operation, a Silicon Carbide based 1-kVA laboratory prototype is built and closed-loop experimental results are provided at 100/75 kHz switching frequency over wide operating conditions.


Outbreaks of an acute febrile disease of cattle occurred in Japan in 1959 and 1960. Its occurrence was limited in late summer and autumn, and in Kyushu, Shikoku and Honshu roughly south of 37 degrees north latitude, suggesting a close correlation ofthe incidence with the climatic onditions, hence a possibility ofthe presence of arthropod vector. The disease was characterized byfever and lesions affecting the mucous membrane and skin, musculature and vascular system. Degeneration f striated muscles was observed in the esophagus, larynx, pharynx, tongue and skeletal muscular system. Edema and hemorrhage were marked in the mouth, lips, abomasum, coronets etc., occasionally followed by degeneration fthe epithelium leaving erosions or ulcerations. Severe lesions affecting the esophageal nd laryngopharyngeal musculature caused deglutitive difficulty which in turn resulted in dehydration and emaciation, and occasionally in aspiration pneumonia, constituting the major causes of death of the affected animals. These findings indicate that the disease resembles bluetongue in sheep and cattle. The clinical materials obtained from natural cases induced a clinical i lness when inoculated into calves, and the disease was transmitted serially in calves by intravenous inoculation ofthe blood obtained at the height of febrile reaction. The experimentally produced isease was clinically and pathologically indistinguishable from the natural disease. An outbreak of an acute febrile disease of cattle swept over the central and western parts of Japan during the months from August through December in 1959. A more limited outbreak of the disease occurred in the central Japan from September to December in 1960. The disease was characterized by fever, stomatitis and deglutitive difficulty. The clinical, and pathologic picture was very reminiscent of bluetongue in sheep and cattle. The disease was readily transmitted to calves by inoculation with the blood or tissues from naturally affected cattle. A cytopathogenic virus was recovered in bovine cell cultures from naturally and experimentally infected cattle. The isolated virus, designated as •gIbaraki virus•h, was found to resemble bluetongue


An artificial hand with many joints should be able to move avoiding obstacles under the operator's command. Some reports have been presented on the route finding method of the machine and its simulation but they have dealt with only two dimensional movements. Moreover, the movement of a hand must be considered not as that of a point but as that of the space occupied by the finger and the arm parts. Hence, the existing methods cannot be applied immediately to control the hand to move without hitting obstracles in the space. At first, three methods are presented to evaluate the controlled variables of joints working in the space without any obstacle. The two are the application of nonlinear programming technique, the SUMT and the gradient projection. According to the simulation, both are better than the previous methods to date but the gradient projection is much superior to the SUMT. The third method, utilizing the geometrical characteristics of the artificial hand, has proved to be the best. Then an algorithm for route finding in the space having many obstacles are presented. Segmenting the space into blocks, the problem is transformed to the one finding the sequence of blocks through which the arm and finger pass. It is ascertained by calculation and experiment that the method is effective for the control to drive the hand to any point in the working space, avoiding obstacles, and is also practical in point of computer time and memory.


14 A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) investigation is aimed at accurately predicting the air 15 flow characteristics in the vicinity of under-wing mounted instruments on the Facility for Airborne 16 Atmospheric Measurement's (FAAM) BAe-146-301. Perturbation of the free stream airflow as 17 it passes through the region of detection of the under-wing instruments, may lead to additional 18 uncertainties in the measurement of clouds and cloud particles. The CFD model was validated 19 with flight data from an Aircraft-Integrated Meteorological Measurement System (AIMMS-20) in 20 a wing-mounted instrument canister. Flow predictions show a consistent slowing from the true air 21 speed of the aircraft in the longitudinal direction and horizontal and vertical flows up to 10% of the 22 air speed being introduced. The potential impact of these flow perturbations on sizing of particles 23


The invention relates to a rechargeable battery pack (10) for an electrical device comprising at least one rechargeable battery cell (16) and a temperature sensor (30) for measuring the temperature of at least one rechargeable battery cell (16), wherein a spring element (32) is provided which subjects the temperature sensor (30) to a load in the direction of at least one rechargeable battery cell (16), and to an electrical hand tool device having such a rechargeable battery pack (10).


To investigate the utility of a polypropylene sling rescue suture (SRS) attached to mid‐portion of the mid‐urethral sling tape procedure for in office sling loosening/release using a defined algorithm.


A poly(acrylic acid)‐based polymer gel exhibiting strong fluorescence and high photoresponsibility is prepared by using a cyanostilbene derivative as a self‐assembling supramolecular crosslinking agent, which generates conceptually new multiple hydrogen bonds in the gel system. This polymer gel in ethanol shows the gel‐to‐sol transition upon UV light irradiation with concomitant fluorescence color and intensity changes, which are attributed to the trans‐to‐cis photoisomerization of the supramolecular crosslinkers. Aggregation‐induced enhanced emission (AIEE) behavior of the trans‐cyanostilbene derivative enables a highly fluorescent polymer gel (ΦF = 0.68) with green color (λem = 541 nm), which can be switched into a blue fluorescent sol (λem = 506 nm and ΦF = 0.12) upon UV irradiation.


The ageing or damage rate of insulating liquid used in power equipment depends on several factors such as temperature,
light, oxygen , catalysts, loadings as well as gas and water content of the insulating liquid. Among those parameters,
temperature is recognized to play a key role in the ageing of liquid insulation used in power systems. Beside temperature ,
the contaminants ,such as : catalyst and water, play an important role in increasing the rate of ageing a insulating liquids.
The effect of those parameters (temperature and contaminant) can be probed by checking the dielectric, physical and
chemical properties of insulating liquids. The aim of this paper is regarded as a main task to investigate the effect of
temperature gradient and contaminants on the dielectric properties of insulating fluids. For these investigations, silicone oil is used.


This research is conducted to find evidences relate to the determinant of
firm's cash holdings. Every firm will have different policy and decision relate to
the cash level or cash holdings. Many factors can affect the determinant of cash
holdings. This research uses 84 Indonesian listed manufacturing firms from the
year 2006 until 2014. Therefore, there are 756 firm-year observations. The
research tests 6 independent variables with 1 dependent variable. Multiple
regression analysis is used for the hypothesis testing. The results found that there
are significant relationships of net working capital, dividend payment, sales
growth, and cash from operations to firm's cash holdings. There is no significant
effect of firm size and firm age to firm's cash holdings. Those results are
following the existing theories which are static trade off theory and pecking order
theory. This research is also consistent with prior researchers' findings


1) In the Niigata Sedimentary Basin and the surrounding areas, the basement rocks of the Green Tuff formations belong to the Ashio and Joetsu Belts in the northern part, and to the Maizuru Belt in the southern part. Recent paleontological researches indicate that the formations of the Ashio Belt are mostly of Triassic to middle Jurassic ages. The Joetsu Belt is divisible into two zones: Tanigawadake and Katashina, the latter being correlatable to the Maizuru Zone.2) The middle Miocene Jonai Group and its correlatives distributing in the three areas (Jonai, Yuzawa and Tanigawadake-Minakami) overlie the rocks of the Joetsu Tectonic Belt. They were formed in the same sedimentary basin. Recently plant and foraminiferal fossils were discovered from them. The common characteristic volcanism was eruption of basaltic magma in a marine environment. The successive unique sedimentation of conglomerate was also a common event throughout the three areas during successive ages.3) The reservoirs of the Katakai gas-field are rhyolites of the Nanatani Green Tuff, which is composed of lavas and pyroclastics of basalt, andesite and rhyolite. Rhyolites are thickest and are petrographically classified into five types (A, B, C, D and E). Rhyolitic hyaloclastites are intercalated between rhyolitic lavas, and seem to develop especially on the rather steep slopes underlain by lavas. They represent possibly the submarine pyroclastic flow deposits.Alteration (silisification, chloritization, albitization and sericitization) is mainly due to hydrothermal action, and partly to diagenesis. Carbonatization is conspicuous, and the paragenesis of the carbonate minerals (calcite, dolomite, siderite and ankerite) is peculiar in different horizons, and might have concerned genetically to the high content of CO2 in gas phase and of HCO3- in formation water.


Thermal-transfer printing, a technology borrowed from the manufacturing sector, offers libraries a flexible method for printing durable, accurate, legible, and attractive labels that reliably adhere to most book surfaces. When guided by an electronic program customized to meet a library's particular needs, a thermal-transfer printing system offers virtually limitless variations in font, format, and functionality. It can print labels directly from the online catalog, thereby guaranteeing that call numbers on labels match what patrons see in the catalog. This article explains thermal-transfer printing and how it compares with other printing technologies, briefly explores applications in both the manufacturing and library environments, and describes in detail how Utah State University Libraries and a few other libraries use it to improve the accuracy, appearance, and durability of their spine labels. ********** It is no secret that libraries often make use of technology first developed and tested in the business and manufacturing sectors. A well-known example of this borrowing is bar-coding technology; a more recent but lesser-known example is the automated storage and retrieval system (robotic retrieval of densely stored materials) being incorporated in some of the newest library buildings. Now libraries have another opportunity to capitalize on a technology developed and tested by companies and businesses--thermal-transfer printing. As described in this article, Utah State University Libraries (USUL) uses thermal-transfer printing to print better labels via a system combining thermal-transfer printing technology with an electronic program that formats and prints data directly from the library online catalog. Because a program instructs the printer how to print the label, the possibilities for variations in font, format, and functionality are virtually limitless. The program automatically sets font type and size according to data length, moves data around on the label, translates codes into text, prints batches of a single label with or without incrementing enumeration, and prints label sets, among other things. USU's printing system was created in 2000-2001 in collaboration between USUL and a label vendor, Computype. Shortly afterward, the label vendor worked with the online catalog producer Dynix to make this printing technology available to other libraries. Several other libraries' printing systems also are briefly described in the following paragraphs. Because of the flexibility of these thermal-transfer printing systems, each library's setup and experience is different. Background Like many libraries, USUL has searched a long time for a way to efficiently print attractive, legible labels that endure rather than fade, smear, or simply fall off the book throughout its years of use. Providing such labels seems simple, and yet all of the different ways of creating library labels that were tried in the past proved unsatisfactory in one way or another. In the early part of the twentieth century, USUL, like many others, manually wrote call numbers and other vital elements on book spines using a stylus pen and library hand, a standardized form of handwriting taught to aspiring librarians in library courses. While this method created durable text on the spine, its legibility depended on the vagaries of handwriting skills while its accuracy depended on the diligence of the writer. Superceding the stylus, typewritten labels improved legibility by adding the consistency of a typewritten font, but unfortunately suffered the same potential for errors as their predecessor along with introducing new flaws: a tendency for the text to fade and the label to peel over time. Another promising method yielded a very durable label. The Selin label used heat to cook the label onto the book but proved inconvenient, expensive, labor-intensive, and not very attractive or flexible. …


The indicator system is built to measure the level of ST progress and people's livelihood level in Xinjiang.Combined correlation coefficient method with factor analysis,the effect of ST progress promoting people's livelihood is studied in this region by using multiple linear regression analysis.The result shows that each index of ST progress has certain influence on people's livelihood,and the optimum fitting result is: the number of scientists and engineers every 10,000 people,the ratio of RD expenditure in regional GDP and the number of patents have obvious stimulative effects on livelihood development level.


We devised a simple and noninvasive method for evaluating the spacial distribution of local electron densities of a thick- fi lm RuO 2 -based chip resistor using UV  VIS-IR re fl ectance microscopy. After a long-term durability test for 874h under an elevated temperature of 623K, RuO 2 resistors were thermally damaged, and their resistance became more than 10 % higher. We identi fi ed the thermally damaged region by this new method and found that the thermal degradation is mainly due to an increase in the resistance between the Ag electrode and the RuO 2 resistor fi


M ycotoxins existence in rabbit fodder has toxic effects on animal health. Mycotoxin binders are feed supplements adsorb mycotoxins in the intestine to prevent oral mycotoxins from being absorbed. Concerns about an unspecified association with oral veterinary drugs were raised in 2010 by the European Food Safety Authority. This study evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation of esterified glucomannan yeast extract (0.1% for 15 days) as a mycotoxin binder (EGM) on doxycycline (DOX) bioavailability and residues in different rabbits tissues after oral administration at a dosage of 6 mg kg b.wt; single dose for oral bioavailability study and for 15 successive days for evaluation tissue residue of doxycycline. Pharmacokinetic investigation of DOX in group received DOX alone shows that AUC0−inf, Tmax and Cmax are diminished significantly when EGM is used with DOX as a feed additive. The 67% decline in AUC0−24 in the group fed EGM results in a significant decrease in oral bioavailability. This reflects its presence in different tissues, as the EGM binder significantly reduced the levels of doxycycline in different rabbit's tissues. On the basis of the obtained results of pharmacokinetic and tissue residue studies, it can be concluded that EGM mycotoxin binder can virtually reduce the DOX absorption after oral administration in rabbits, and this is may be owed to the adsorption of the EGM additive to doxycycline. Consequently, when doxycycline is administered orally to rabbits that are also actually nourished an EGM fodder additive; the potential interaction must be taken into consideration carefully. INTRODUCTION Doxycycline hyclate (doxycycline-HCL, is a semisynthetic tetracycline derivative commonly used in veterinary and human medication because of its relatively wide spectrum (Rinaldi 2014). It is the most lipophilic member in tetracycline's groupsuch as oxytetracycline, so it has better antimicrobial properties and more tissue diffusion (Gutiérrez Article History Received in 14/12/2020 Received in revised from 7/2/2021 Accepted in 1/3/2021


Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is considered a global problem and might be associated with increased susceptibility to COVID‐19 illness. In the light of COVID‐19 pandemic, VitD might be a promising agent for fighting the SARS‐CoV‐2, since VitD is involved in various pathophysiological mechanisms that occur during COVID‐19 infection. High‐dose VitD supplementation, particularly for risk groups, could be recommended to achieve and maintain optimal (range 40‐60 ng/mL) serum 25‐hydroxy vitamin D levels (marker of VitD status) both for COVID‐19 prevention and treatment.


This issue of Manufacturing Management may be our sustainability special, but at AG Barr's factory in Milton Keynes, a different type of eco-warrior can be found on the shopfloor


eppers are of two broad types; sweet pepper (Capsicum annum var P conoides) and hot pepper (Capsicum annum var longum); widely grown fruit vegetables used as condiment and medicine in many parts of the tropics. There is need for intensive management available soils for fertility and productivity maintenance. The input for bumper harvest for pepper on nutrient depleted soil has being solely mineral fertilizers application; which affects the soil reaction. Response of peppers to wood-ash and mineral fertilizers on such soil has not been so investigated. Hence, an experiment was conducted to assess the effect of two mineral fertilizers and wood-ash on the growth and yield of pepper under field conditions. The study was conducted at Michael Otedola College of Primary Education Teaching and Research Farm. The plot was partly eroded and being under continuous cultivation for years. Each experimental plot 2 (2.0 m ) and treatments were laid in complete randomized block design and replicated thrice. The treatments are; No fertilizer, 40 g Urea, 90 g NPK 15-15-15, 40 g Wood-ash, and 1:1 Urea + Wood-ash. Data collected were: plant height 2 (PH, cm), leave area (LA, cm ), number of fruits (NF) and fresh fruits weights (FW, g/plant). All data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA, α 0.05) and standard error. The results showed that PH was reduced (15.9±0.7) under urea only but increased (17.4±0.7) under urea + wood-ash application. Likewise, LA was higher (15.0±0.9) under urea + wood-ash at 7 and 6 weeks after transplanting respectively. The NF and FW were significantly higher (18, 145.4±2.0) under wood-ash and urea + wood-ash (17, 129.8±2.0) application compared with other urea (8, 25.2±2.0) and NPK (17,124.1±2.0) respectively. In conclusion, urea + wood-ash at 1: 1 and wood-ash increased pepper growth and yield variables on nutrient depleted soil. Applications of urea +wood-ash or wood-ash only improve pepper production on slightly acidic soil.


Sparse metallic crystals of iron, cobalt, and zinc are produced by electrodeposition on polyaniline (PANI) coated gold electrodes. The crystal habit is determined by the composition of the electrolyte. Thin hexagonal crystallites of cobalt or zinc can grow with the basal plane parallel to the substrate, but acetic acid strongly affects the growth of the cobalt deposits, as it changes the crystal habit from hexagonal to hemispherical. Iron is electrodeposited on PANI in the form of submicrometer cubes in the presence of acetic acid, while in its absence micrometer-size hemispheres are produced. The magnetization curves for Fe and Co are correlated with the observed textures. Sparse heterogeneously structured surfaces with ∼2 μm hemispherical metal grains of the three metals were then used as electrodes to investigate the magnetic field effect on the oxygen reduction reaction. For zinc, the effect of a 360 mT applied magnetic field was a slight increase (3%) in the maximum oxygen reduction current, which is...


Two main approaches have been followed in using diatoms as bio-indicators in the past few decades namely species diversity indices and aut-ecological indices. This study, based on 102 water quality and epilithic diatom samples from the Crocodile Groot-Marico catchment in South Africa, evaluated both types of indices by establishing how well they reflect changes in water quality. It was found that less of the variation in diversity indices could be attributed to changes in water quality variables than was the case for the aut-ecological indices. Furthermore it was found that species diversity indices tend to be higher at intermediate levels of pollution, rather than at low levels of pollution.


Objective To observe the effects of different dose of sufentanil on hemodynamics of patients with traumatic brain injury.Methods A total of forty ASA physical status Ⅱto Ⅳ patients scheduled for neurosurigical surgery were randomized to A or B group(20 for each).Induction of anesthesia was began with sufentanil 0.4ug/kg,group B sufentanil 0.55ug/kg.Mechanical wentilation was performed after tracheal intubation,followed by continuous intracenous pumping of sufentanil(0.2ug/(kg·h))(group A)or sufentanil(0.3ug/(kg·h))(group B).The patient's blood pressure,heart rate before endotracheal intubation(baseline value),cutting skin,craniectomy,at the end of operation were continuously recorded.Result:In group A,the patient's blood pressure,the Heart Rate(HR)during cutting skin,craniectomy,at the end of operation were high than baseline value(P0.05),spontaneous breath recovery and after tracheal extubation were higher than baseline value(P0.05),but group B was not different from baseline value(P0.05).Conclusion B group is more stable apllying in the anesthesia induction(sufentanil 0.55 ug/kg)and maintenance in intracranial surgery.


"Auroral Structure and Kinetics" (ASK) is a multispectral auroral imager,developed and built by University of Southampton, UK, and Royal Institute ofTechnology, Sweden. The scientific objective of ...


Pressure vessels comprise critical plant equipment within industrial operations. The fact that the vessel operates under pressure, and may carry toxic, dangerous or hazardous contents, necessitates that care is taken to ensure safety of humans operating it and the environment within which it operates. Residual stress developed during welding of pressure vessel structures adversely affects fatigue life of such structure by reducing fracture toughness. Formation of residual stresses during welding occurs when nonuniform heating of the metallic surfaces produces substantial temperature gradients, which in turn cause plastic straining of the different portions of the weld-piece material, thereby subjecting it to postcooling internal stresses that are likely to weaken it. A number of studies have been performed on welding parametric analysis with the help of design of experiments (DoE), mathematical programming, evolutionary algorithms and finite element methods, with the intention to quantify effects of welding factors on resultant residual stress. The objective of this review is to organize such literature according to the specific areas of analysis in order to enhance access thereto and elucidate relevance thereof for purposes of reference work and further studies. The paper specifies three categories of influential factors as prewelding conditions, in-process parameters, and postwelding conditions. It is shown that prewelding conditions, such as the choice of welding process, must be chosen in line with the nature of materials to be welded, operational application of the structure, and trade-offs between service life and production costs. Heat input (which is the function of arc voltage, welding current, and travel speed) is the most influential machine-related in-process parameter in the residual stress generation during welding. It is also observed that when applying mitigating factors, care should be taken not to exacerbate the residual stress situation through suboptimal parametric set-up.


One of the holy grails of medical research in the next decade is what is often called "personalized" medicine. The goal is to individualize therapy and treatment options, and even prevention strategies. This movement is fueled by the rapid advances made in high-throughput biotechnologies. Prime examples include SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) chips and CGH (Comparative Genomic Hybridization) arrays for DNA profiling, oligonucleotide arrays for mRNA expression, and advanced mass spectrometry for peptide/protein and metabolite quantitation.


With the rapid development of industrial production in recent years, multi-motor drive has been widely used in many industries, such as printing, paper-making, bottle-making, etc. The performance of synchronization control algorithm has direct impaction on the quality of production. A fuzzy control algorithm with variable scale factor is proposed for the imprecise model of the system and weakness of conventional fuzzy control algorithm. The scale factor increases to speed up dynamic response when the error of the system and the set frequency of motor are large, and on the contrary, the scale factor decreases to restrain the overshoot effectively. A feed-forward compensator is designed to eliminate the steady-state error of the system. Experimental results show that the system designed with the algorithm has a fast response and high stability.


To improve the detection of peritumoral changes in GBM patients by exploring the relation between MRSI information and the distance to the solid tumor volume (STV) defined using structural MRI (sMRI).


Deltas and fluvial fans are two fan-shaped landforms with complex channel networks. Accurately differentiating between these two landforms is crucial to identifying and understanding these two landforms on Earth, as well as on other planetary bodies like Mars and Titan. Differentiating between these landforms is critical for infrastructure planning and sea-level rise resilience as deltas and fluvial fans will react differently to sea-level rise. One significant difference between deltas and fluvial fans is that deltas only form along shorelines where a river enters an ocean or lake. Fluvial fans may form hundreds of kilometers inland from a shoreline and are predominantly controlled by upstream controls. Fluvial fans form by channel avulsions whereas deltas primarily build by mouth bar deposition and consequent channel bifurcations. Here I present an ensemble of quantitative metrics to differentiate morphologically fluvial fans from deltas. To achieve this, I quantify channel bifurcation/divergence angles, channel lengths and widths between these bifurcation/divergence nodes, channel orders, and the number of terminal channels. Previous research on delta channel morphometrics strongly suggest that deltas exhibit an average channel bifurcation angle around 72° while maintaining a distinct downstream non-linear decrease in channel lengths and widths for successive bifurcations. Our results show that fluvial fans differ from deltas by exhibiting a considerably smaller divergence angle, and down-fan channel length shortening that is not associated with divergence orders. Our results further suggest there exists a statistically significant difference between deltas and fluvial fans channel networks. These results indicate that channel network assessments show a difference between deltas and fluvial fans, and that the channel networks need to be carefully assessed if used for paleo-shoreline estimations on planetary bodies. Additional evidence is needed for the presence of shorelines as fluvial fans may occur at shorelines. Deltas and fluvial fans are both fan-shaped landforms that contain complex river channel networks. Deltas form when a river enters a standing body of water such as a lake or an ocean and are shaped like a triangle. Fluvial fans are also fan shaped, and form from channels shifting back and forth laterally. Fluvial fans may or may not form along a standing body of water and are more responsive to precipitation changes. Geoscientist currently lack the data to differentiate river channel networks in deltas from fluvial fans. Accurately differentiating between channel networks in deltas and fluvial fans is crucial to identifying these landforms on Earth, and on Mars. Deltas and fluvial fans will react differently to sea level rise and changing precipitation patterns. Previous work on delta channel networks show that channels split downstream at an angle of approximately 72 degrees. Delta channel lengths and widths also decrease non-linearly for a given channel that has undergone an increasing number of bifurcations. Here, I demonstrate that fluvial fans form a statistically significant lower angle of channel divergence. Fluvial fans also exhibit much longer normalized channel lengths than in deltas. Our results indicate that channel network assessments for a global distribution of deltas and fluvial fans do indeed show differences between deltas and fluvial fans, and that the channel networks need to be carefully assessed if used for paleo-shoreline estimations on Mars.


Designing discrete time variable structure control with sliding mode (SM) schemes implies finding an asymptotically stable sliding surface with a control policy which assures the existence of a SM. Based on a recently innovative approach, where the authors developed a flexible design of sliding surfaces applied to discrete time linear multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, a novelty controller design strategy is proposed, where a switching surface parameter is used for the adjustment of the control signal limitations and for the improvement of the controlled system dynamics against model uncertainties. It is the first time that these drawbacks are solved modifying the switching surface values because it has been always resolved via control law adjustment. Moreover, a new chattering elimination method using adjustable sigmoid functions is also implemented in the controller. The main advantages of the proposed methodology are: firstly, it can be easily applied to high-order linear MIMO systems; secondly, system dynamics coordinates representation transformations are not needed and thirdly, the non-ideal SM dynamics is considered in the design procedure. Both the sliding surface and the control law specification are included in the proposed methodology. An illustrative example is included.


If we pull out rapidly a metallic frame out of a surfactant solution, we arrive at a "young" soap film with relatively simple features, as noticed first by Lucassen. The weight of the film is equilibrated by a vertical gradient of surface tension. At each level, the local solution concentration equilibrates with the local monolayers. A detailed analysis of the young films was started by us in 1987. We present here an approach which is more illuminating a) the concentration profiles decay exponentially at large heights, with a characteristic length in the range of meters b) the surface is protected up to a different (larger) height c) we also review the dynamic requirements. The surfactant must reach the surface in a time shorter than the free fall time of a pure water film.


Abstract Alfa fiber reinforced concretes are not used to their full potential due to the limited information on their properties, especially in more severe environments. In this study, the effects of elevated temperature on the properties of concretes reinforced with Alfa fiber were analyzed. The influence of fiber length on reinforced concretes is mainly investigated. For this purpose, five types of structural concretes were formulated; two types of concrete reinforced with 1% Alfa fiber volume using two different fiber lengths of 20 mm and 30 mm (AC-20, and AC-30), and three control concretes, two polypropylene fiber reinforced concretes (PC) using the same fiber length (PC-20, PC-30), and one ordinary concrete (OC). The results showed that with the increase of temperature, the mechanical performance decreased and the porosity rose continually for all mixtures. However, the use of Alfa fiber with a length of 20 mm showed the optimal results in terms of compressive and tensile strength, even at temperatures of 600°C. This finding suggests that Alfa vegetable fiber can be used to produce more sustainable concretes with acceptable mechanical properties compared to the use of polypropylene fiber, even under severe conditions of elevated temperature.


Aiming at deficient hencies in global search and convergence speed of traditional basic genetic algorithm, a novel hybrid genetic algorithm based on simulated annealing is proposed. The proposed algorithm not only has all the features of traditional genetic algorithm, but also further improves the global searching ability, prevents it from premature convergence, obtains fast convergence and high computational precision. The numerical experiments show that this algorithm has great advantage of con-vengeance property, on-line and off-line programming over the original genetic algorithm.


Trade policy is modeled as a two-stage game between governments. Governments choose a negotiable trade barrier in the first stage of the game, which is cooperative. The level of this barrier is treated as a binding commitment in the second stage of the game where the non-negotiable trade barrier is chosen non-cooperatively. Hence governments choose trade barriers during negotiations with a view to influencing the equilibrium of the non-cooperative game to follow. This proves to be a convenient framework in which to analyze the idea that trade agreements contain loopholes which can be exploited by protectionist governments. Trade negotiations induce substitution toward less efficient instruments of protections, but are nevertheless welfare-improving as long as the negotiations are relevant (i.e., the negotiable barrier is actually in use), and the two instruments are not perfect substitutes.


In the paper there is made an attempt of updating the concepts of creativity and creative abilities. Gradation of the essence of any creative process depending on the novelty of its result is deduced. The classification of creative process is given: previous (pCr), quanti (qCr), sub (sCr) and multi (mCr).


Providing high-quality images with less amount of codes. A moving picture decoding method for performing inter-picture prediction processing in the prediction process between said screens, already among the motion vectors of a plurality of blocks that are decoded, the consolidated region by integrating blocks having similar motion vectors calculated, the motion vector of the combined area to calculate the prediction vector of the current block using, based on the difference vector included in the coded stream input and the predicted vector, the motion vector of the current block calculated, the generating a predicted image using the motion vector, and generates a decoded image by adding said prediction image and the difference image included in the coded stream.


We describe two large signal models of coupled-cavity traveling-wave tubes (CCTWTs) and folded-waveguide traveling-wave tubes (FWTWTs). These models include a generic theory derived from the Poynting's theorem and an equivalent circuit that uses a three-port network representation of the unit cell of the slow wave structures. Both of the models use the digital RF fields obtained from a 3-D finite element code, HFSS. The corresponding codes are applied to simulate the beam-wave interactions in a CCTWT and a FWTWT.


The purpose of this tutorial is to introduce the listener to the rapidly developing field of laser cooling and trapping. Doppler cooling is first discussed followed by the new mechanism of cooling based on ground-state energy level shifts in light fields with polarization gradients. Next, the basic concepts of magnetic traps, optical dipole force traps (optical tweezers), and the magnetooptic trap are considered. Selected uses of these traps and cooling techniques are given to elucidate the broad utility of these techniques.


This paper introduced the swelling shrinkage of expansive soil and its hazards to building, combining with foundation investigation and evaluation of expansive soil, elaborated the conventional processing method of expansive soil, and through the example discussed the treatment measures of expansive soil, to ensure the building safety.


The article discusses the development of ecological tourism in the Polish Tatras and the Ukrainian Carpathians. Eco-tourism in the international tourism industry is developing rapidly and starts taking an important place in the world tourism market. According to scientists and experts in this field - eco-tourism is going to be developed fast without slowing down. Such trends have a positive impact on the economic development of countries and saving natural tourist resources. Particular attention is paid to the national nature parks of the Ukrainian Carpathians and Polish Tatras. They form the basis for the growth of ecological tourism and preservation of natural environment. The research of the territorial and functional organization of tourist activities in the Polish Tatras was made from the standpoint of development of the territory, tourist routes and especially legal support. It is noted that ecological tourism is allowed in nature reserves in Poland, but there are very strict restrictions. In particular, it is forbidden to use auto-moto transport, set up tents, set fires, pick berries and mushrooms, etc. Nature reserves employees pay special attention for tourists to obey the rules and their proper behavior. In case of breaking rules, tourists are immediately punished with large administrative penalty. The current condition of mountain ecological tourism in the Ukrainian Carpathians is also learned. Comparing to ecotourism in the Republic of Poland, where everything is regulated and controlled, in Ukraine the recreational load increases every year. The nature of the Carpathians is negatively affected by illegal new types of recreational services, including jeeps, ATVs and motorcycles. In addition, there is a permissive atmosphere in the Ukrainian mountains. Tourists can set up tents and campfires, swim in mountain lakes and much more almost anywhere. All this will lead to destruction of the Ukrainian Carpathians. This situation is making scientists, environmentalists, public and people of tourism industry of Ukraine to be on guard. Under such conditions, the gene pool and the attraction of mountain areas are going to be lost. There are proposed methods based on the use of foreign experience to minimize the negative impact on the natural environment of the Ukrainian Carpathians.


This paper focuses on characteristics of parenting as key contributor to psycho-social development of a child. Family is a fundamental social group where a child learns first experiences, creates attitudes, develops personal potentials and interpersonal relationships. When taking care of child's development, it is important to support the quality of child's family life. Researchers confirmed certain parental approaches that hamper with child's good course of development. In this work, such parental approach is conceptualized as parenting in resistance. Parenting in resistance is defined in the context of parenting styles and components that determine them – parental requirements and expressing emotional warmth. The preferable parenting style is authoritative, which is presented as parenting of activity. Other parenting styles – authoritarian, relaxed and neglecting upbringing style are explained as being partially active, partially passive or completely passively resistant to the child. This work presents possible sources of negative or inadequate parenting practices. In this regard, it mentions motivation for parenting, which potentially affects parent's practical adaptation to parenthood and readiness to adequately respond to demands of parental responsibilities. The work also discusses personal characteristics of an individual that contribute to developing positively engaged parenting. It questions practical, socially contextualized possibilities for preventing parenting in resistance through social sensitization of the adult population to the complexity of parenting role and points to a need for professional interest for parents in educational institutions.


It is necessary to build up a new minimum living guarantee system of rural residents in China now,and the system will be established during this year.It can speed up the development of rural areas,and it is also the base of rural social security.This article put forward some principle about minimum living guarantee system of rural residents,and then offered some helpful advice on its implement.


Research in transactions planning has recognized the evolvement of Web Services as an industry standard to implement transactional business processes. We proposed a data modeling and contracting framework for Web services and in this paper we are exploring how our framework can help formally verify data integrity properties in an ad-hoc transaction.


A study to evaluate the fungitoxic and phytotoxic effects of extracts of V. amaygdalina, B. pinnatus, O. gratissimum and E. globules on the fungal pathogens inducing wilting on cowpea grown in Ago-Iwoye, South Western Nigeria. The extracts of all the botanicals used reduced Disease Infection Rate (DIR) in treated plants. Sclerotium rolfsii sacc induced wilting of between 4 and 12% on cowpea seedlings treated with plant extract under field conditions while about 39.6% incidence of cowpea seedlings wilting was observed under control experiment on the same experimental plot. The extracts increased significantly the plant height, shelf life, relative water content and chlorophyll contents of the cowpea seedlings during both the wet and dry season. On the other hand, the extracts significantly (p = 0.05) reduced transpiration rate and stomata aperture of treated plant in both seasons. Furthermore, application of these extracts on the cowpea plants significantly enhanced the Leaf Area Index (LAI) number of branches and ponds per plant, total dry matter per plant, weight per pod, 100 grains weight and grain yield in both season when compared with the values obtained from control plants. The extracts also inhibited the release of current photosynthethates from treated plants thus maintaining the water status of plant and also making photosynthethates which can be oxidized to release energy needed for growth available to treated plants.


The authors focus on the minimum sampling rate and the exact recovery condition in the sampling of multiple signals with finite rate of innovation (FRI) and sparse common support (SCS). The authors first propose the subspace-based recovery method and analyse its relation with the annihilating filter; then the proposed method is used for sampling the multiple signals with FRI and SCS. It is observed that the minimum sampling rate for the exact recovery heavily depends on the signal structure described by the defined characteristic matrix, based on which a sufficient and necessary condition is also presented. The numerical simulations show that the proposed recovery method and the recovery condition are feasible for the sampling of multiple signals with FRI and SCS.


This research aims to find out the implementation of work attitudes based on the business world, the industry, and the world of work in the curriculum used by vocational high schools, where the work culture is a work attitude that prospective workers must own in entering the workforce. The realization of this work culture is seen from several indicators such as the application of work culture needed in schools, the existence of Links and Matches with the needs of the world of work, interpersonal skills owned by students, and intrapersonal abilities possessed by students who are realized in the 5R work culture (Concise, Neat, Resik, Care and Rajin) that apply to the school curriculum. The method used in this research is the Mixed Methode method, combining quantitative research and qualitative research. The study was conducted using instrument questionnaires and structured and open interviews involving respondents from educational institutions and the world of work under the auspices of the Indonesian Electrical and Mechanical Contractors Association. The data analysis technique used is the Milles and Huberman model Likert scale by looking at the percentage generated on the indicator of the competence of the world of work in the good category of 63.73%. But this must remain a thing that needs to be considered and maintained by vocational high schools to produce graduates of good character and a good working culture.


. Proposed is silicon-photonics-based phased array antenna beamforming for high-resolution long-range radars with wide instanta-neous radio frequency (cid:1) rf (cid:2) bandwidth. Specifically, the proposed silicon-photonics beamformer platform offers the potential for cost-effective monolithic chip-scale integration of photonic delay lines, 2 (cid:1) 2 optical switches, variable optical attenuators, and optical amplifiers that form the base unit of a rf transmit/receive array signal processor. In effect, the proposed silicon-photonics devices empower the design of a powerful proposed photonic beamformer with one time-delay unit per antenna element. Device-level designs studies are shown that promise meeting the high-resolution radar mission-critical requirements via time delays of up to 2.5 ns, switching times of less than 100 ns, optical isolations as good as 50 dB, and optical gains of up to 6 dB. Longer delays are achieved off chip using optical fibers. © 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumen-tation Engineers. (cid:3) DOI: 10.1117/1.3280286 (cid:4)


In one embodiment, a laminated printed circuit board translator is provided. In some embodiments, the translator includes a receiving board adapted to receive a pin, the receiving board includes a plated via extending through the receiving board and has a hole for receiving a pin. An interface board laminated with the receiving board has a controlled depth via extending through it to contact a conductive trace. The conductive trace extends between the receiving board and the interface board to connect the plated via of the receiving board with the controlled depth via of the interface board. The controlled depth via is configured so that it is capable of being plated through a single sided drilled opening in the interface board. Some embodiments have a pad on the interface board connected to the controlled depth via.


The process of cultural and economic globalization shifts the research interest to the study of global tendencies in the development of the complementary vocational training. International organizations conduct regular research in this area, including monitoring of the complementary vocational training system. Complementary vocational training is not only an instrument of social and economic growth but also a mechanism of positive socialization, which preserves ethnical differences and develops national culture.


Recently, the μ-deformation-based approach to modeling dark matter, which exploits μ-deformed thermodynamics, was extended to the study of galaxy halo density profile and of the rotation curves of a number of (dwarf or low brightness) galaxies. For that goal, μ-deformed analogs of the Lane–Emden equation (LEE) have been proposed, and their solutions describing density profiles obtained. There are two seemingly different versions of μ-deformed LEE which possess the same solution, and so we deal with their equivalence. From the latter property we derive new, rather unusual, μ-deformed Heisenberg algebra (HA) for the position and momentum operators, and present the μ-HA in few possible forms (each one at μ → 0 recovers usual HA). The generalized uncertainty relation linked with the new μ-HA is studied, along with its interesting implications including the appearance of the quadruple of both maximal and minimal lengths and momenta.