10.2217/FNL.09.57 © 2009 Future Medicine Ltd The brain has long been considered immuneprivileged and protected from peripheral immune insults by the BBB. Indeed, few autoimmune diseases are known to affect the brain parenchyma when compared with the impressive list of autoimmune conditions targeting virtually every organ of the body. These autoimmune diseases can typically be divided into organ-specific categories (e.g., Type I diabetes and thyroiditis), or are the result of a more diffuse response (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus). Furthermore, most immune diseases known to affect the brain either do not target neurons or are not brain regionspecific (e.g., multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, CNS manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus or autoimmune vasculitis), with the possible exceptions of some autoimmune ataxias [1]. Interestingly, the brain also has its own specialized set of antigenpresenting cells, the microglia, and recent results have shown that immune molecules, such as MHC class I or complement proteins, also regulate brain development [2–4]. The relatively low frequency of brain region-specific autoimmune diseases is surprising considering the antigenic complexity of the brain. Possible explanations for this paradox may come from the study of narcolepsy, where increasing evidence points toward an autoimmune destruction of approximately 70,000 human hypothalamic neurons containing the neuropeptide hypocretin/orexin as the culprit for most cases of this pathology [5,6]. Narcolepsy affects 0.02–0.05% of the population and is characterized by sleepiness, sudden transitions into REM sleep, cataplexy (muscle weakness associated with emotions such as laughing) and a disease onset around adolescence [7]. Indeed, a loss of hypocretin, or of one of its receptors, produces all the symptoms of narcolepsy in animals and the disorder is associated with a loss of hypocretin neurons and dramatically decreased levels of hypocretin-1 in the CSF, a highly diagnostic feature [8]. The first suggestion that narcolepsy involved the immune system came from the pioneering studies of Honda and Juji in 1984, when it was discovered that almost all cases of narcolepsy carry the specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) subtype DR2 – an antigen only observed in 25% of the general population [9]. Studies in African–Americans subsequently found that DQB1*0602, rather than DR2, most likely in the presence of DQA1*0102 in the formation of the antigen-presenting DQa1/DQb1 heterodimer, was the culprit behind this very tight association [10]. The association of narcolepsy/hypocretin deficiency with DQB1*0602 is among the highest single allele association reported for any HLA-linked disease. However, despite intensive investigations, no evidence has been found for autoimmunity in narcolepsy, with the exception of a few studies suggesting indirect effects through functional testing of potential autoantibodies [11,12], none of which have been independently replicated. Most notably, the search for autoantibodies directed against hypocretin and hypocretin-producing cells has only yielded negative data [13].


Efficient authentication across wireless devices improves the security of the overall network and can be accomplished at the physical layer. By stratifying privilege levels for different devices, security is further improved. We propose the use of machine learning and received multiple-input multiple-output communications channel information to identify trusted transmitters. Our approach uses received channel state information at various signal to noise levels from multiple transmitters to train a deep neural network to make an authentication decision. We show that an adversarially-trained classifier network can correctly differentiate among transmitters using very few labeled samples from a greater dataset.


Congenital clefting of the lip and palate (CL/P) is a common malformation (Dixon et al., 2011). It is estimated that there are 500,000 citizens in the United States and 10 million humans worldwide with cleft lip and palate. There are an estimated 4 million newborns in the United States each year (Births and Natality, 2017). If 1/700 are born with a congenital facial cleft, then 5700 of the 4 million infants (each year) are in need of cleft lip and palate repair.


The increasing demand for edge computing has led to the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) models on IoT devices. However, due to data privacy and communication cost concerns, AI models are often offloaded from the cloud to the edge or device side. To improve the sensing capability of local models, this paper proposes a collaborative inference framework, Cosen, which organizes collaborative inference groups among multiple neighboring IoT devices. The framework utilizes group decisions to achieve higher accuracy and more robust global inference. Focusing on improving the efficiency of collaborative inference, this paper proposes a model design scheme based on inference time constraints to design local models for heterogeneous IoT devices. A model training method based on knowledge distillation is used to improve the accuracy of the local model. Cosen also proposes a dynamic deep ensemble management approach that further improves the robustness of the system. Preliminary experimental results show that Cosen achieves higher accuracy and robustness for global inference.


The glass-forming region in liquid-quenched Ag-Cu-X (X=Mg, Al, In, Si, Sn and Sb) alloy systems was investigated by utilising the melt-spinning technique. The electrical resistivities were measured in the range 2-700K and the low-temperature specific heats in the range 1.5-6K for these Hume-Rothery-type simple metallic glasses. A distinct difference is found to exist in the low-temperature electronic properties between the low-resistivity Ag-Cu-Mg and Ag-Cu-Sn alloys and high-resistivity Ag-Cu-metalloid alloys. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity can be discussed within the framework of the extended Ziman theory. The sign of the TCR can be well correlated with Ziman's parameter 2kF/Kp only for the low-resistivity alloys. The saturation effect develops in the high-resistivity alloys. This can be easily identified from the unique temperature dependence of the resistivity at low temperatures below about 100K. The electronic specific heat coefficient data for the low-resistivity Ag-Cu-Mg alloys can be well understood in terms of the free-electron model. Furthermore, it turns out that the 2kF=Kp condition does not noticeably affect the density of states at the Fermi level. However, some depression of the density of states at the Fermi level is apparently present in the case of Ag-Cu-metalloid metallic glasses.


: This article explains the mystical practices of Javanese shamans ( dukun ) called wong pinter and analyzes different types of these practices by comparing definitions, actions, and mystical features discussed in various studies. This article uses field studies and in-depth interviews, the data were analyzed based on theories of mysticism. The study shows that the wong pinter also practices mysticism rooted in Islam and manifests in history especially the history of Islamic mysticism in Indonesia in general and in Java in particular. The study finds that the characteristics of shamans mysticism are substantive, non-formalist, and altruistic. This finding supports the view that shamanism is rooted in Islamic mysticism and is open to discourses of mysticism from other religions. This study does not discuss the level of mystical actions nor does it distinguish categories of mystical practices found in many shaman groups.


On 18 April 2004, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) concluded that the crime of genocide had been committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia. In 1999, Milosevic and four of his colleagues were indicted for crimes against humanity, but not genocide, with respect to the 'ethnic cleansing' of Kosovo. A more recent reflection of the Prosecutor's ambivalent attitude towards genocide charges was her agreement to withdraw such a charge against Bosnian Serb leader Biljana Plavsic in return for a guilty plea to crimes against humanity. 'Ethnic cleansing' has been part of the nomenclature of the Yugoslav wars since their beginning, and several commentators have been content to equate it with genocide. The Commission on Human Rights' Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary and arbitrary executions has said that 'ethnic cleansing' is no more than a euphemism for genocide. Keywords: 'Ethnic cleansing'; Bosnian Serb leader Biljana Plavsic; genocide; ICTY; Kosovo; Milosevic; Yugoslavia


A new concept of hybrid reactor is introduced. It uses JET-like( Joint European Tokamak) device worked at sub-breakeven conditions, as a source of high energy neutrons to induce a blanket fission of depleted uranium. The solid breeding material and helium cooling technique are also used. It can produce 100 kg of 239Pu per year by partial fission suppressed. The energy self-sustained of the fusion core is not necessary. Plasma temperature is maintained by external 20 MW ICRF (ion cyclotron resonance frequency) and 10 MW ECRF (electron cyclotron resonance frequency) heating. A steady state plasma current at 1. 5 MA is driven by 10 MW LHCD (lower hybrid current driven). Plasma density will be kept by pellet injection. ICRF can produce a high energy tail in ion distribution function and lead to significant enhancement of D-T reaction rate by 2~5 times so that the neutron source strength reaches to the level of 1X1019 n/s. This system is a passive system. It' s power density is 10 W/cm3 and the wall loading is 0. 6 W/cm2 that is the lower limitation of fusion and fission technology. From the calculation of neutrons it could always be in sub-critical and has intrinsic safety. The radiation damage and neutron flux distribution on the first wall are also analyzed. According to the conceptual design the application of this type hybrid reactor earlier is feasible.


The University of Delaware conducted the DCMHS' FY 2000 Service Provider Survey in
Jime and July of 2000. A total of 91 surveys were mailed. Surveys were sent to both
contracting organizations and agencies providing services at a total of 59 different sites.
This year, surveys were distributed to Chief Executive Officers/Executive Directors
(CEOs), Program Site Directors (PDs), and Clinical Directors/Supervisors (CDs)
identified as the total number of CEOs, PDs, and CDs in the network. Comparatively, in
previous years only the CEOs and PDs within DCMHS' provider network were surveyed.
A total of forty surveys were returned from the original set of 91 distributed,
representing a (44%) response rate in FY 2000. In addition, three individuals who
received the survey indicated that they were unfamiliar with DCMHS or that the site had
not worked with any clients through DCMHS in FY 2000 and so could not respond to the
survey. The response rate represents coverage of approximately one half of the sites
that were surveyed. Thirty-two (54%) of the fifty-nine sites were represented by at least
one response from a CEO, PD, or CD.


A study was conducted to investigate the differences in farm production, input use and farm income between organic and conventional systems in three regions (Uttaranchal, Madhya Pradesh and Tamilnadu) of India. From each region, 40 organic and 40 conventional farmers were interviewed with semi structured questionnaire. The results showed that input costs were less in the organic system while either total farm yield or net margin was righter in the organic system in two of the three regions. In Tamilnadu specializing in rice production, rice yield was less under organic system while net margin did not differ signifcantly.

In addition, the IFPRI-IMPACT model was used to fnd out the impact of large scale conversion to organic farming on food security of Sub-Saharan Africa. The model showed that large scale conversion to organic farming in Europe and North America will not have major impact on food security of Africa and large scale conversion in Sub-Saharan Africa will improve the local food security.


As much as we might wish it otherwise, battles have played a major role in determining the course of history. Professor Leach of Vanderbilt University has given us a lucid summary of military campaigns in the British North American colonies from the landing at Jamestown to Pontiac's uprising. The most valuable portions of the book are the descriptions of battles and the analyses of British strategy. Fortunately, Leach has avoided the stylistic imbalance of many of today's military historians who insist that warfare must be closely tied to international diplomacy. This volume is both a handy reference source for military events and a study that gives perspective to a myriad of combat engagements. Although, for example, everyone has heard of Braddock's defeat-and historians recognize that it led the British to reevaluate their methods-the bloody encounter on Lake George sixty-three days later is worth recollecting because it placed limits on the success of French arms in 1755. The author has drawn wisely from contemporary accounts and from some of the best twentieth-century scholarship. Placing a heavy emphasis on strategy, Leach summarizes most of the British campaign plans and some of those of the French and Spanish for the years in which heaviest fighting occurred. For seventy years the British fostered plans to conquer New France. Despite repeated failures, succeeding commanders always returned to roughly the same master plan, a twoor three-pronged campaign aimed at the heart of Canada. One might conclude from Leach that the years 1753 and 1754 were not the turning point beyond which an Anglo-French detente became impossible; the lifeand-death struggle began in 1689. Apparently that is what he means, but it is not a view shared by all historians. Most of the strategic decisions recounted in Arms For Empire are those made by the commanders on duty in North America. But were the strategists in London able to assert any control over the situation after the year's campaign had begun? It would be interesting to have this point answered, especially in the case of Pitt whose name is traditionally synonymous with the conquest of New France. In general, when evaluating strategy in America, Leach has emphasized the interdependence of events that occurred at widely separated locations. In more than a few cases one could rebut his assumptions by arguing that military strength could not be shifted quickly from one American theater to another, or that the capture of specific fortifications did not necessarily mean that surrounding areas came under the victor's control. In other words, localization may have been more important than the reader is led to believe.


Phosphatidylethanolamine‐binding protein 1 (PEBP1), also known as Raf kinase inhibitor protein, belongs to PEBP family of proteins. It is known to interact with many proteins that are mainly involved in pathways that monitor cell proliferation and differentiation. PEBP1 in many cells interacts with several pathways, namely MAPK, GRK2, NF‐кB, etc. that keeps the cell proliferation and differentiation in check. This protein is expressed by many cells in humans, including neurons where it is predominantly involved in production of choline acetyltransferase. Deregulated PEBP1 is known to cause cancer, diabetic nephropathy and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and dementia. Recent research led to the discovery of many drugs that mainly target the interaction of PEBP1 with its partners. These compounds are known to bind PEBP1 in its conserved domain which abrogate its association with interacting partners in several different pathways. We outline here the latest developments in understanding of PEBP1 function in maintaining cell integrity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract For an integer and a set , we define the Kempner set to be the set of all nonnegative integers whose base-b digital expansions contain only digits from S. These well-studied sparse sets provide a rich setting for additive number theory, and in this article we study various questions relating to the appearance of arithmetic progressions in these sets. In particular, for all b we determine exactly the maximal length of an arithmetic progression that omits a base-b digit.


In this paper, we present a formal description of web services container architecture based on Z notation. This description major focuses on internal behavior of a web services container on processing a web services request. First, we present a formal model of tailored XML which provides a unified data structure for executing web services specifications and data transformation. Then, we present a formal definition of a web service within web services containers using WebService schema based on WSDL Z notation. Furthermore, we formally describe internal behaviors such as service identification, operation identification, type mapping and adaptation. By using formal method, the semantics of web services container architecture is consistent and analyzable. As the key to model dynamic behavior of web services specifications and their interrelationships major lie on the formal definition of this specification in WebService, this formal description can provide an initial step for analyzing the correctness and consistency of web services specifications and their combination through WSDL by using proof provided by Z notation.


Most engineering departments are now or soon will be required to have a working assessment plan as part of their ABET accreditation. In this paper, the principles of assessment are summarized. The assessment plan in the Department of Chemical Engineering at West Virginia University is used as an example of how a plan can be developed and implemented. Suggestions for how to implement an assessment plan are also presented.


Timing-related defects are a major cause of test escapes and field returns for very deep-submicron (VDSM) integrated circuits. Small-delay variations induced by crosstalk, process variations, power supply noise, and resistive opens and shorts can cause timing failures in a design, leading to quality and reliability concerns. This article describes the authors' work with a previously proposed test-grading technique that uses output deviations for screening small-delay defects.


Baseline and early efficacy analysis revealed greater advanced-stage distribution ( p = 0.005) but a better overall response ( p = 0.019) in the VTD arm compared with the ATD arm. All other variables were comparable between Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is considered the standard first-line care for younger multiple myeloma (MM) patients [1] . Decision-making regarding the choice of induction treatment before ASCT largely depends on the evidence from reports of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). However, due to the cost and ethical issues, not all treatment comparisons can be investigated in RCTs. Thanks to data analysis methods developed recently, secondary comparisons based on arm data from RCT reports are rendered feasible. In this case study, we used approaches by Guyot et al. [2] to compare 2 induction regimens in terms of overall survival (OS). The motivation of this study came from a comprehensive literature search which revealed that no direct comparison has been made between the combined induction of bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (VTD) and the combination of adramycin, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (ATD). Therefore, we extracted the arm data for these 2 regimens from 2 individual RCTs [3–5] , and evaluated the OS based on reconstructed individual patient data as described previously [2] . Before survival analysis, baseline characteristics were compared, and early efficacy (response after induction) was analyzed ( Table 1 ). The statistical analysis software R v3.4.1 and function codes provided by Guyot et al. [2] were used for statistical analysis. Received: March 15, 2017 Accepted: March 20, 2017 Published online: May 5, 2017


Odontometric and morphologic observations were made of the dentition of skeletal remains of australian aborigines from Broadbeach, S.E. Queensland. Tooth size, especially of the molars, was found to be significantly larger than that reported for other recent Aboriginal populations. Tooth morphology also differed, with a higher frequency of five cusped second molars, and a lower frequency of shoveling and Carabelli's cusp than previously reported as typical of Australian aborigines.


Since the necessity of functional otoferlin for normal hearing has been discovered, the role of this protein in inner hair cell exocytosis is subject of intense studies. In this thesis, the crystal structure of the most N-terminal C2-domain of otoferlin, Otof-C2A, was solved and analyzed. Otof-C2A is a full type II-C2-domain with eight b-strands and a relatively short top loop one, which in other C2-domains is part of the Ca2+-binding region. Structure-based sequence alignments of Otof-C2A with other C2-domains show the absence of four of the five aspartates believed to be necessary for Ca2+-binding in C2-domains. Accordingly, surface charge calculations show a positively charged putative Ca2+-binding area. In biochemical and biophysical assays, Otof-C2A did not bind to Ca2+. Together, the results confirm that this domain does not bind Ca2+. As C2-domains are phospholipid-binding domains, the binding behavior of Otof-C2A to liposomes with different lipid compositions was tested in floatation assays. Otof-C2A did not bind to the liposomes under any tested condition. To test whether the presence of the five mentioned aspartates in a C2-domain are sufficient for Ca2+-binding or Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding, the mutant Otof-5D-C2A was created. Four amino acids were replaced by aspartates at the positions where they were missing in the WT protein. In all biochemical experiments performed, the mutant behaved like the WT protein. Probably the shortage of top loop one prohibits Ca2+-binding for Otof-C2A, as the binding pocket is incomplete. Together, Otof-C2A shows the structure of a typical C2-domain, but does not bind Ca2+ or phospholipids. Its function has yet to be revealed. We aimed to express and purify the other single, tandem- or triple-Otof-C2-domains as well as full length protein. However, this was not achieved as they were insoluble or aggregated. These problems could not be overcome by more alternative constructs with differing amino acid lengths and different affinity tags, or changing the expression system or the buffers used in purifications, so that no biochemical or structural data could be collected for them. It will be a challenging task in the future to clarify the exact function and incorporation of otoferlin in the pre-synaptic machinery.


The manufacturing method of the functional fermented alcoholic drink is provided to improve functionality by using yacon powders. Crude liquor is manufactured by adding and cultivating lactic acid, yeast and liquor-making water after inoculating white-koji mould into the digested nonglutinous rice. The first crude liquor is manufactured by adding and cultivating the liquor-making water in the manufactured crude liquor. A lump which is generated by absorbing moisture in the lump into the yacon powder is uniformly smashed. The second fermented koji is manufactured by adding and fermenting the compressed rice plant, the hard-boiled rice and the liquor-making water into the first crude liquor. The second crude liquor is filtered and functional fermented alcoholic drink is manufactured.


Introduction : Overweight and obesity affect public health on a global level and its increase is due to multiple factors.  Objective : To determine socioeconomic, demographic, familial, and institutional factors associated with excess weight in daycare children aged 2-5 years in Envigado, Colombia from 2014-2015 in order to strengthen childhood overweight and obesity prevention strategies. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a sample of 278 children, selected by probability sampling. Anthropometric evaluation was conducted along with parental and teacher surveys. Bi-variate and multi-variate statistical analyses were completed using SPSS.  Results : 28.8% presented with excess weight (9.7% obesity and 19.1% overweight); 48.6% were aged 5 years, and 47.8% were female. Factors associated with excess weight included: not attending the growth and development program (OR 4.1; CI;1.2-14.1), preference for television watching and use of video games during free time (OR 4.4; CI:1.10-17.7), not eating whole grains and root vegetables for snack (OR 5.5; CI:1.2-26.1), and incidence of overweight or obesity in the family or direct caregiver (OR 3.8; CI:1.1-13.3). Conclusion : Factors that most influence excess weight in children are familiar factors such as incidence of overweight and obesity and caregiving practices in the family.


Abstract Older adults with slow gait have a modestly elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether strategies to maintain function, such as interlacing periods of activity and rest, modify this relationship is unknown. We analyzed 577 initially cognitively normal participants aged 50+(53%women,26%Black) who had baseline data on gait speed and fractionation via ActiHeart. Diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/AD were adjudicated during an average 7.3years follow-up. We examined gait speed, fractionation, and their interaction with MCI/AD risk using Cox proportional-hazards models, adjusted for demographics and APOE-e4. Each 0.2m/sec faster gait speed was associated with 24% lower risk of MCI/AD(p=0.04). Fractionation was not associated with MCI/AD risk(p>0.05). There was a significant gait*fractionation interaction(p=0.013). At high fractionation, gait was not predictive of MCI/AD. Slow gait speed is less predictive of future MCI/AD in individuals who fractionate their activity to maintain function, possibly indicating brain function that drives such compensatory strategy is still conserved.


Purpose - – The paper aims to investigate Task Performance Fraud Risk Assessment (TPFRA) and Knowledge Requirement (KR) of the forensic accountant and auditor on Fraud-Related Problem Representation (FRPR) in the Nigerian public sector. Design/methodology/approach - – The study used cross-sectional design and 400 survey questionnaires. The respondents are real professional people (auditors and forensic accountants in the Nigerian public sector) as true representatives to enhance the generalization of the outcomes. A total of 36 indicator items was measured on five-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modelling 2.0 3M and IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 were used as the primary statistical analysis tool for the study. Findings - – The results of the present study confirm the positive relationship between KR on TPFRA, positive relationship of KR on FRPR and positive relationship of FRPR and TPFRA. Specifically, the results revealed that FRPR positively mediates the relationship between TPFRA and KR (forensic accountant and auditor) in the areas of fraud prevention, detection and response. Research limitations/implications - – The first limitation deals with fraud and corrupt practices in a developing country, Nigeria. Examining the mediating influence of FRPR on KR and TPFRA in the public sector could be considered as sensitive and raise the issue of bias. The second limitation is the adoption of cross-sectional design in which data are collected at one point in time. Researchers are encouraged to use a longitudinal design to explore interactions between KR, FRPR and TPFRA. Practical implications - – This empirical study has revealed the value of KR (forensic accountant and auditor) as a significant capability requirement in the workplace. In addition, it shows the importance of FRPR as an important mental state in decision-making or judgment and also the significance of FRPR as an important mediating variable on KR and TPFRA. Originality/value - – No nation is immune to fraud, and loss due to fraud in the public sector is enormous and costly; the result of this research will improve the KR of auditors and forensic accountants in the areas of fraud detection, prevention and response. It will also contribute to the regulatory, legal and institutional frameworks in accounting and auditing systems in Nigeria and portend an increase in demand for forensic accountants.


The article addresses the closeness of supervision and its impact on the predictability of subordinate's work demands and rule-usage. The author posits two theories: that the more unpredictable the...


It would seem that at the beginning of the 21st century everything what had been predicted by the leading researchers of Lviv architecture school in the field of theatrical architecture was supposed to be implemented in Lviv as well as in the whole Ukraine. V. Proskuryakov, Yu. Bohdanova, B. Goy, I. Gumennyk, S. Ivanov-Kostetskyi, Z. Klymko, I. Kopylyak, R. Kubai, Yu. Filipchuk, K. Yanchuk and others. A whole series of the buildings has been designed; there were traditional theatrical buildings based on the prototypes as well as the projects of adjusting already existing historical spaces with the purpose of performing activity, moreover, modern views on the graphic solutions to cultural and entertainment institutions with traditional scenography were suggested. Among them, there are city halls, community halls, and landscape theatres, theatrical halls in club buildings, experimental theatres and studios. The designing activity was done in a historical, modern and futuristic style and was directed at arranging the environment for constructing theatrical space, developing mobile theatres in landscape environment, relocatable, detachable, touring and studio theatres. Everything what has been tested in Lviv during the last 17 years in experimental, competition and applied designing can be grouped based on five main directions: 1. Designing performed on the existing buildings. Among the most interesting ones, it is worth mentioning the designing of the concept of space arrangement in the assembly hall of the former research institute of radio-electric equipment for theatrically-performing needs of a leisure centre "Mi100" in Lviv and the project of renovating the assembly hall of the 1st building at Lviv Polytechnic National University with extending its theatrical function. As a part of the measures towards historical reconstruction, the projects of theatrical equipment in the defensive buildings of Lviv and Lutsk have been suggested. 2. Direction has been created by the theatre projects for rock concerts and exhibitions which were designed in the natural landscapes. 3. Direction should include the experiments with theatres-studios. For example, the design of a new television studio "Tonis" in Kyiv is arranged in a way of a modern analogue of a historical main stage. 4. One should include designing theatrical buildings for national communities: a theatre for the Jewish community and working out the concept of the project of a Polish theatre in Lviv. 5. One - conceptual design which has grown from the ideas of a worldwide-known architect and scenographer F. Kiesler and a stage artist Ye. Lysyk, which have been implemented into the projects of the theatres of kinetic projections and scenographic solutions to the pavilions at Prague Quadrennials. It seems that the mentioned above ideas and particular projects are not very much different from the ideas which were being generated by the school on the verge of the 20th and the 21st centuries, however, it only seems like that at first glance. During the recent years, the artistic palette of the theatrical activity has hardly noticeably been revived in Ukraine which has been reflected positively on the quality and genre variety of works of Lviv architecture school.


Timely, high-quality data from remote sensing can benefi t the study of physical geography in many ways (Wolman, 2004). Rapid developments in remote sensing, particularly from satellite platforms, have generated much, often well-placed, enthusiasm about its potential as a powerful research tool (Skole, 2004). Indeed, remote sensing is viewed by many as having come of age (Tatem et al., 2008) and can be deemed a mature discipline with its physical principles well understood and its range of applications a showcase of its versatility (Warner et al., 2009). Historically, physical geography has benefited greatly from the emergence of new technologies, like remote sensing, and is likely to continue to reap benefi ts from further technological advances in the foreseeable future (Rhoads, 2004). The beginning of the twenty-fi rst century promised to be a period of technological innovation, with remote sensing identifi ed as one of 21 technologies well placed to meet contemporary issues and challenges facing society (AllBusiness, 2001). Given that many of these challenges involve the interaction between society and the physical environment (Demeritt, 2009), and that there is an increasing need for all areas of science, including physical geography, to iterate their value to society (Rediscovering Geography Committee, NRC, 1997), the close of the fi rst decade of the twenty-fi rst century is a suitable point at which to take stock of current trends and developments in remote sensing within physical geography and interrelated fi elds. Remote sensing is useful for the physical geographer not only as a tool for data collection, with superiority over other techniques by virtue of its spatial and temporal coverage, but also because of the logic implicit in the reasoning process employed to analyse the data (Estes et al., 1980). In addition to the experimental, hypothetical and case-study style of reasoning that tends to characterize the use of remote sensing within physical geography, there are increasingly operational modes of usage (eg, within meteorology and climatology, hazard management). Since the turn of the twenty-fi rst century more than 100 satellite sensors have been launched (www.itc.nl/research/products/sensordb/ searchsat.aspx) and numerous airborne and terrestrial sensors manufactured. Many of these sensors are the result of emerging technologies (eg, Krabach, 2000), with the processing and interpretation of the data acquired benefiting from advanced pro-


Vezin comments on Bruetschy's "paintings with absent figures" ; Martin considers these works' concrete style situated between figuration and abstraction. Biographical notes. 10 bibl. ref.


Thank you very much for downloading nonlinear physics for beginners. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their chosen readings like this nonlinear physics for beginners, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their computer. nonlinear physics for beginners is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the nonlinear physics for beginners is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) is an example of a Computer Based Test (CBT) and is one of the main trending topics in the area of knowledge testing and, more recently, in e–learning or in Intelligent Tutoring Systems scenarios. The Item Response Theory (IRT) defines the theoretical basis of a CAT implementation, which assumes the existence of a repository of properly calibrated items that is used during the testing process of a particular examinee. The calibration and adaptation are based on an Item Characteristic Curve (ICC) related to an specific model, being Rasch's models the most widely used. CAT systems require high computational cost to implement the calibration and evaluation processes and the amount of concurrent users at a time could be large enough. Thus, the platform must support high concurrency and availability to perform a desired level of functionality. Technological tendencies in computing offer each time better platforms to develop and manage big collections of data for its processing and relevant information extraction. This paper presents a perspective of using new technologies in CAT as an alternative of implementation. Particularly, the use of a cloud computing platform as current alternative for online CAT systems using the capabilities of multicore processing and big amount of RAM that offers the cloud, to resolve the proper mathematical equations related to psychometric models and the operations described in their algorithms in a real evaluation scheme.


This book investigates the relationship between corporate governance, market structure and innovation. The editors observe that a number of radical mutations are occurring in industries that have played a crucial role in sustaining and fostering the pace of technological progress.


Introduction. The approaches to the criteria for assigning a treated case/interaction to oncology packages and the principles of their payment introduced by the National Health Service need to be improved in order to prevent the introduction of inadequate tariffs, in particular, failure to provide services in the amount specified in the tariff or, on the contrary, double/triple funding, which can lead to a significant increase in the costs of financing oncology medical services.
The aim of the study is the identification of the main defects and gaps in the existing rules of the grouper regarding the assignment of a treated case/interaction to the oncology package "Treatment and follow‑up of adults and children with hematological and oncohematological diseases in outpatient and inpatient settings" and, on this basis, developing suggestions for improving services in this direction.
Materials and Methods. A descriptive-analytical study of the analysis of medical services provided in the oncology package 38 "Treatment and follow-up of adults and children with hematological and oncohematological diseases in outpatient and inpatient settings" for the first 8 months of 2022 was performed according to the data of the National Health Service of Ukraine and the normative legal acts that regulate the issue of implementing the Medical Guarantees Program.
Results. The study assessed the correctness of the criteria for the entry of Electronic Medical Records into package 38 compared to the Australian coding standards and analyzed the consistency of payment according to the rate for the provided medical services to patients with oncological and oncohematological diseases within the limits of all interactions of package 38.
Certain inconsistencies in the selection of diagnoses for inclusion in the list of reasons for providing medical services and the vagueness of the criteria for including a case in the package were revealed, when a specific diagnosis is a criterion for inclusion in both the 38th package and the corresponding DRG, but with different funding. It was established that 1/5 of all children within the framework of this package sought medical help in an outpatient setting only once or twice, and the list of interventions does not correspond to the package rate; among adults, there was a significant number of patients who sought medical care 1 or 2 times in an outpatient setting, and paid for these cases at the full rate.
The findings indicate an urgent need for two-stage medical monitoring of all interactions established for oncological diagnoses within the framework of the therapeutic package. The first automatic monitoring should be carried out according to certain indicators with the formation of "a red list of interactions", and then doctors check these interactions, even in manual mode.
Conclusions. On the basis of the results, recommendations were developed regarding changes to the Medical Guarantee Program in oncology, namely to the interactions in the package "Treatment and follow-up of adults and children with hematological and oncohematological diseases in outpatient and inpatient settings", which relate to the grounds for providing services within the framework of oncology packages and coordination of medical services provided to patients with oncohematological diseases with a tariff that will allow for proper payment of the medical services and will improve the provision of medical services.


Abstract : The objectives are to 1) elucidate the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer by characterizing the early lesions, and 2) to provide biomarkers for early ovarian cancer detection. Both goals will be facilitated by this Consortium Development plan which is a collaborative, interdisciplinary program that will establish the infrastructure to coordinate research. The research sites include Johns Hopkins University, Toronto University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Yale University. The Coordination center will have three Cores. The specific goals to be accomplished are briefly summarized. The Administrative Core will collect IRB protocols from all research sites, organize the Consortium symposium including the Pathology/ Epidemiology consensus meeting, setup and test the audio-video broad band electronic device for e-conference, organize the Internal Advisory Board. The Pathology/Epidemiology Core will define criteria for early ovarian cancer lesions and select cases/controls, survey available cases and controls from all research sites, create one overall database for specimens with clinical and epidemiologic data, establish tissue trafficking mechanisms. The Biostatistics Core will establish the data collection, storage and security system, and perform statistics support in study design. The completion of these tasks is considered critical for us to continue our research in the coming Consortium research program.


Spam messages have aroused great concern in the community.The paper builds two symmetric evolutionary game models which deal with no government regulation and government regulation respectively.Based on the model,evolutionary stable strategy of service provider is analyzed.It points out the necessity of the government regulation,and the difficulty in controlling the root causes of spam messages.Through the analysis of model parameters,the thought of governing spam messages is proposed.


To earn a good quality of Islamic education, a planner should perform a good planning. Planning will be helpful to the planner in directing his managerial objectives. In fact, planning can determine the profile of an organization that can make it professional. Besides, vision and mission of an organization can be well performed through a good planning.  It is within this context that to enhance the quality of Islamic education, a planner should commit to the principles of planning. Kata Kunci: Perencanaan ketenagaan, manajemen pendidikan Islam


This paper explores the possibilities offered by statistical tools based on artificial neural networks for pattern recognition in expert work for money-laundering detection. The data is provided by the Spanish Police Department and comes from a case in which is actually working at. Account information is provided, where some accounting entries are identified as fraud. Hence it is possible to use this information to train a classification model. In this analysis, after briefly describing methodology used and fitting strategy, it is presented a model with a promising predictive capacity, even with strongly unbalanced training data set. After applying balancing technique to the training data (SMOTE) the result is remarkably improved which would indicate the viability of those models as tool for police experts planification, providing a way to reduce the use of expensive research resources.


Organizations have deployed enterprise systems (ESs) to achieve integration of business activities, increase operational efficiencies, and improve organizational effectiveness. This study investigates the management practices of manufacturing organizations utilizing ES technology to examine the operational performance management process. Case studies conducted in three manufacturing firms that have implemented ESs reveal how these companies transform disparate corporate data into knowledge for monitoring performance and achieving results. ES tools such as business intelligence in conjunction with balanced scorecards and digital dashboards aid in tracking progress towards accomplishing operational goals. Though firms are constrained in identifying critical areas that need measurement and assessment, the underlying ES technology provides the analytical and knowledge-leveraging support to maximize value from their performance management processes.


Central to the emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) as an extremely successful pathogen is its predilection to persist within the hostile host environment. In this context, the role of disordered proteins and linear motif rich intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) to perturb and hijack host cell networks for a productive infection holds special importance. M.tb has a relatively high percentage of IDPs in its proteome among prokaryotes, the significance of which is not known. Moreover, M.tb has evolved through reductive evolution, with the exception of PE‐PPE/PGRS protein family, which has been expanding in pathogenic mycobacteria. Here, we analyzed the M.tb proteome and its entire secretome. PE‐PGRS subfamily and the secretome were enriched in disorder and disordered binding sites, implying that structural disorder might be important for host‐pathogen interactions. We studied the PPE37 protein in more detail that carries an N‐terminal PPE domain capable of iron binding followed by two transmembrane domains and a disordered C‐terminal segment harboring number of eukaryotic linear motifs (ELMs). N‐terminal segment caused proliferation and differentiation of monocytic THP‐1 cells into CD11c, DC‐SIGN positive semi‐mature dendritic cells. The C‐terminal segment localizes to macrophage nucleus and induced caspase‐3 dependent apoptosis of host cells. We also studied the structural shift in PE35‐PPE68 and PE32‐PPE65 protein pairs of pathogenesis‐related RD1 and RD8 regions by analyzing their secondary structure through Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. These disordered proteins displayed a remarkable structural shift from disorder to order while engaging in the formation of complexes. These proteins are immunogenic individually and enhance pro‐pathogen response; however, their corresponding complexes enhanced the responses manifold in immunized mice. These results support the role of IDPs in performing contrasting activities to modulate the host processes possibly through molecular mimicry and cross talk. The results from our study further reinforce structural dynamics as a strategy to subvert host defence and to compensate genomic content loss due to reductional evolution.


The brain tissue changes in mouse model with brain hemorrhage,included dropsy in different degree,inflammatory cell infiltrate,nerve cell necrosis and vascular proliferation as well as gliacyte.Brain damage is caused not only by Hematomas directly,but also some other factors,such as calcium overload,hemoglobin,free radical,inflammatory media.There are a lot of media acting as the key reason,This article summarized the alteration of different media in edema.


This paper presents an alternative peer to peer communication for the Internet of Things (IoT) using ESP32 microcontroller for indoor environments. This peer-to-peer communication is called ESP-NOW. The development is done using Arduino-ESP32 in the Visual Studio Code with Platform extension. Based on the experiment, the environmental sensing data can still be transmitted using the ESP-NOW protocol even with the lowest transmission power level. Thus ESP-NOW communication can be used in indoor environments but with a limited number of devices paired up together and depends on the surrounding environments confining in the indoor environments.


This study examines earnings losses associated with motherhood using longitudinal administrative Canadian data. Contrary to the endogenous motherhood hypothesis, the author found no dips in earnings for women during their prechildbirth years. Although the results show that earnings losses incurred by mothers in the year of childbirth and the year thereafter were substantial, it was found that these earnings losses declined over the postchildbirth years, and for mothers who returned to their prechildbirth employers, the earnings recovery process was rapid, indicating that firm-specific human capital might play an important role.


Bradykinin‐mediated angioedema (AE) is a complication associated with thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. Risk factors are unknown and management is discussed.


The study purpose to analyze the residential environment and social?economic factors affecting the newly married couple and suggest a support policies based on the characteristics of the newly married couple. The spatial scope of this study is across the country, and the scope of the time is set by ...


In our days, almost all of the electrical equipment has been equipped with switching supplies which can cause disturbances in the electrical power network. In order to reduce or even eliminate this disturbances, an electrical power network monitoring is required. The disturbances presents in the system must be recorded and analyzed in order to take the right decision to eliminate them.


Copyright c 2017, the Korean Thyroid Association. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 설문지 조사를 이용한 시대별 갑상선암의 진단 동기 및 환경적 위험인자의 변화


The ventilation system conveys fresh air into laneway, dilutes the noxious gases, and keeps the working environment safe and reliable, how to evaluate the performance or reliability of ventilation system has been one of the important issues in coal mine safety research field. The reliability of underground coal face ventilation was discussed in this paper based on multi-sensor system data fusion approach. A partial-fusion architecture were built and a new basic probability assignment(BPA)based on distance function approach was brought forward. The final case study showed a good effectiveness and feasibility of the data fusion approach.


This article briefs status quo of accounting malpractice of small and medium-sized firms according to different purposes.Prevention for accounting malpractice measures are produced from seven different aspects including perfecting laws and regulations,adopting more serious exterior supervision.


[Objective]The present study was conducted to identify the separated high yield lipase strain to provide theoretical research references and to enhance the high yield lipase strain's transformation and application.[Method]A strain of bacterium with high yield lipase JLП-4 was isolated from the sewage of a canteen,then its genomic DNA was extracted.The gene fragments of 16S rDNA were amplified using 16S rDNA universal primers and connected to pUC19-T vector;the fragments are then transformed into E.coli DH5X.The positive clones identified by the PCR method were cultured and sequenced.[Result]Quality genome DNA was successfully extracted.The 16S rDNA gene fragments of newly isolated strain were amplified with the length of 1528 bp.According to comparison analysis of BLAST,16S rDNA sequence similarity between the strains and Burkholderia(DQ355168) were 97%,so the lipase producing strains were identified as gram-negative bacteria that were most similar to the structures of Burkholderia.[Conclusion]The high-yield lipase JLП-4 was primarily identified as Burkholderia gladioli.


The forward-backward asymmetries for the processes e+e ---, e6 and e+e ~ bb at the Z resonance are measured using identified D *+ mesons. In 905,000 selected hadronic events, taken in 1991 and 1992 with the DELPHI detector at LEP, 4757 D *+ ~ D~ + decays are reconstructed. The e and b quark forward-backward asymmetries are determined to be: c6 AF/~ = 0.077 • 0.029 (stat) 40.012 (sys) , A~B = 0.059 40.062 (stat) 40.024 (sys) . Constraining the b asymmetry to the value measured by DELPHI using independent analyses, the charm asymmetry is determined to be: FB = 0.068 40.027 (stat) 40.011 (sys) . This result corresponds to an effective electroweak mixing angle measured using charm quark events of: sin ~ AZePt = 0.2307 40.0062 (stat) 40.0026 (sys)


Influenced by developments in feminist and discourse theory, the study examined a database of metaphors about sex collected by a New Zealand university student speech community. Using a Lakoff-type analytic approach, the topics and source domains of the metaphors were identified. In addition, the linguistic constructions of the metaphors and their discourse function were also examined. The metaphors tended to capture male experience more convincingly than female experience and reflected male dominance in sexual relations. However, there was no necessary relationship between a metaphorical source domain and its ability to support a discourse of male dominance. The same metaphorical source domain could be used to support or undermine male dominance, depending on its context of use. This research demonstrated that understanding the powerfully generative source domains of metaphors about sex can facilitate an imaginative and strategic use of metaphor that has the potential to undermine dominant meaning systems.


1. A pneumatic tire comprising: frame; ! an inner liner disposed on the inner side of the carcass in the tire radial direction; and! the binder layer of the rubber composition disposed between the carcass and the innerliner layer! and wherein the inner sealing layer and the layer of bonding rubber mix superposed on each other so that their ends are offset from each other in the tire circumferential direction, and! wherein the inner sealant layer and a tie rubber composition are joined overlapping so that the ends of the inner liner in the circumferential direction of the tire overlap each other, and so that the ends of the binder layer of the rubber composition in the tire circumferential direction overlap one another. ! 2. The pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the inner sealant layer and a bonding rubber mix superposed on each other so that their ends are offset from each other in the tire circumferential direction to a length of not less than 12 mm and not more than 24 mm . ! 3. The pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein the inner sealing layer and the layer of rubber binder mixtures have end surfaces formed with an inclination relative to the radial direction of the tire. ! 4. The pneumatic tire according to claim 3, wherein the inner sealing layer and the layer of rubber binder mixtures have end surfaces formed with a slope relative to their direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the tire, with an angle of inclination of not less than 10 ° and not more than 50 °. ! 5. A method of manufacturing a pneumatic tire comprising: frame; ! an inner liner disposed on the inside with


ABSTRACT The analysis of 17 tropical cyclone impacts along the U.S. Gulf Coast leads to the following conclusions regarding barrier island breaching: 1) tropical cyclones are the mechanisms of barrier island breaching, 2) landward and seaward overwash flow can breach barrier islands, 3) storm track orientation controls the direction of barrier island breaching, 4) shore-normal and right-oblique hurricane impacts breach barrier islands by landward overwash flow, and 5) left-oblique hurricane impacts breach barrier island by seaward overwash flow.


Advanced malignant melanoma is highly refractory to any kind of therapy. Conventional treatment modalities including surgery, radiation or chemotherapy have only palliative effects. Major advances in tumour immunology in general and particularly in the field of malignant melanoma, have led to a better understanding of tumour cell - T cell interaction including recognition and tumour cell killing. Furthermore, a number of melanoma-associated antigens which are recognized by cytolytic T cells have been identified and molecularly characterized. These new findings open up a wide perspective for novel, innovative but still experimental treatment approaches. This present communication will provide a short overview of the basic tumour-immunological data and will discuss first clinical results as well as its limitations.


Unilateral masticatory disturbances that force any individual to utilize one side in mastication
due to avoidance conditioning are a common daily finding in dental practice. Our purpose in this
study was to assess changes that occur in the muscles of mastication particularly masseter and temporalis
muscles bilaterally in patients with unilateral functional disturbances using surface electromyography
(EMG). It was shown that in unilateral mastication the ipsilateral muscles (working
side) produced most of the work. Higher electromyographic (EMG) activity wasn't achromatized
for the anterior temporalis or the masseter muscles but was changing between patients.
Nevertheless, it was found that summation of muscular activity of the functioning side compensate
for the activity of the other side. EMG activity decreased significantly in mostly all patients of this
study ingested soft food (banana), in comparison to higher EMG activity with who ingested hard
food (peanuts).


This article summarizes Erich Fromm's understanding of human nature and pinpoints his account of the human tendency ever to seek further perfection: biological dichotomy results in contradictions that produce existential needs whose various resolutions determine passions and strivings, which are incessant and inherently unquenchable. Though not wholly unambiguous, his position is basically correct. Empirical evidence and logical argument support it. It presupposes a spiritual component in human nature that strives toward what is objectively correct and truly worthwhile, and so it is not only useful as a secular transformation of many traditionally religious concerns but is also open to easy theistic and, ultimately, Christian interpretation. Here is the basis for an account of spirituality that cuts across cultures and religions. Fromm's account of the matter squares well with the more detailed and profound analysis of dynamic human consciousness–-"spirit"–-presented by Bernard J.F. Lonergan (1957, 1972) and used by Daniel Helminiak (1987) to provide a technical nontheistic definition of spiritual development.


Blockchain smart contracts are PC programs that can be adequately executed by an arrangement of ordinarily questioning center points, without the need of an external trusted in power. Since shrewd contracts handle and trade assets of huge regard, other than their correct execution it is also imperative that their use is secure against ambushes which go for taking or modifying the favorable circumstances. Ethereum, the most eminent and used structure for sharp contracts up to this point. It analyze the security vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contracts, giving a logical order of customary programming traps which may incite vulnerabilities and exhibit a movement of attacks which misuse these vulnerabilities, empowering a foe to take money or cause other mischief


The objectives were to increase the understanding of the characteristics of oral behaviour during breastfeeding in preterm infants and to validate direct observations of infant sucking. Twenty‐six infants were investigated once by simultaneous observation and surface electromyography (EMG) at 32.1–37.1 postmenstrual weeks. The orbicularis oris muscle was used for data analysis, as it provided the most distinct registrations. High correlation coefficients were observed with respect to classifications of EMG data by two raters on the number of sucks per burst (r= 0.97) and duration of sucking bursts (r= 0.99). The agreement between direct observations of sucking and EMG data was high. The median for mean number of sucks per burst was 8 (range 2–33) and for longest burst 28 (5–96) sucks. Sucks with low and very high intensity constituted a median of 14 (1–94)% and 25 (0–87)% of all sucks. The range in mean sucking frequency was 1.0–1.8 sucks s‐1. Suck duration ranged from 0.6 to 1.1 s. There was a considerable variation between infants in the extent of mouthing. No association with maturational level appeared for any of the components in oral behaviour.


We report a study of the ground state and metastable states of uranium dioxide using ab initio $\text{DFT}+\text{U}$ calculations. We highlight that in order to avoid metastable states and systematically reach the ground state of uranium dioxide with $\text{DFT}+\text{U}$, the monitoring of occupation matrices is crucial, as well as allowing the $5f$ electrons to break the cubic symmetry. For this purpose, we use a method based on the monitoring of the occupation matrix of the correlated orbitals on which the Hubbard term is applied. We observe the presence of numerous metastable states in calculations both with and without taking into account the symmetries of the wave functions. We investigate the influence of metastable states on the total energy, as well as on the electronic and structural properties of uranium dioxide. We show that the presence of metastable states induces large differences in the total energy and explain the origin of the discrepancies observed in the results obtained by various authors on crystalline and defect-containing ${\text{UO}}_{2}$. Finally, in order to check the consistency of the procedure, we determine the structural and electronic properties of the ground state of uranium dioxide and compare them with results obtained in previous studies using the $\text{DFT}+\text{U}$ approximation and hybrid functionals, as well as experimental data.


A miniature poodle and miniature schnauzer were referred for the investigation of shallow breathing and restless behaviour, and the investigation of bilious vomiting, diarrhoea and the presence of a hepatic mass, respectively. In both cases, CT revealed heterogeneous, hyperattenuating content within the gall bladder, a defect in the gall bladder wall and leakage of biliary content into the perihepatic region compatible with gall bladder mucocele, rupture of the gall bladder and bile peritonitis. Both dogs underwent a cholecystectomy and made uneventful recoveries. Follow-up was available for both dogs one and two months later which confirmed a return to good health. CT is a helpful aid in the presurgical diagnosis of gall bladder wall rupture and bile peritonitis in dogs.


construct that is embedded in an organization and is relatively resistant to change (Denison, 1996; Guldenmund, 2000). Culture has been suggested as "a metaphor for understanding how organizations work and why they respond in particular ways to environmental influences" (Glendon & Stanton, p. 195). Organizational climate, on the other hand, is linked to situations and how they are experienced by workers; thus, climate may change more easily than culture (Denison, 1996). Differences exist between the research methodologies used to study organizational culture and climate. Because the two constructs arise from different research traditions, the goals of research in the two traditions vary (Denison, 1996; Guldenmund, 2000; Reichers & Schneider, 1990). As a result, methods of studying the two constructs differ, with a qualitative approach used to investigate culture and a quantitative one used to examine climate. Observation, interviews, ethnographic, and case studies are the methods of culture research, while crosssectional surveys are the norm in climate research. Culture investigations are concerned with providing thick, rich descriptions that promote understanding, while effectiveness is the issue in studies of organizational climate (Reichers & Schneider, 1990). Climate studies take a comparative approach, while culture investigations avoid comparison and take a postmodern tactic that emphasizes understanding social contexts. Climate, with its origins in the Lewinian social psychology and hence a positivist paradigm, employs questionnaires to directly assess member perceptions of organizational events but does not attempt to interpret the meaning of those events (Rentsch, 1990). However, now that organizational culture studies are using quantitative methods of survey data collection, the research is becoming virtually indistinguishable from climate studies. For example, Cooke & Rousseau (1988) used a quantitative approach to assess a specific aspect of organizational culture, the shared norms and


Liberalism has always had a powerful concern with the education of its citizens. But who should exercise final authority over the education—parents or the state? The answer rests, in large part, on our understanding of the character of the self-rule or autonomy to be taught. For as "autonomy" comes to mean unpredetermined "choice," it becomes ever more difficult to justify parental control of education. In fact, parental control, supported by the earliest liberals, is now thought to produce "ethical servility." Liberal theorists—such as John Dewey, Amy Gutmann, and Eamonn Callan—break with thinkers like Locke and Mill in allowing the state to override parental preferences in the name of greater equality, preparation for autonomy, and democratic deliberation. We argue that taking educational authority away from parents and giving it to the state is an illiberal policy, meaning one that fails to abide by Locke's central distinction of political and parental power. This failure will lead both to greater ethical servility and to fewer reasonable alternatives from which autonomous individuals can choose.


Objective:To study the differentiated expression of 12 tumor markers in different pathological typies of lung cancer and explore the feasibility of its clinical application.Methods:The 12 tumor markers included AFP(alpha-fetoprotein),NSE(neuron specific enolase),SF(ferritin),CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen),CA125(carbohydrate antigen125),CA153(carbohydrate antigen153),CA199(carbohydrate antigen199),CA 242(carbohydrate antigen242),F-PSA(free prostate specific antigen),PSA(prostate specific antigen),β-HCG(beta human chorionic gonadotrophin),and HCG(human growth hormone).Protein microarray detection system(C-12) was used to measure the serum levels of 12 tumor markers in 120 lung cancer patients and 100 patients with benign pulmonary lesions.Results:The positive rates in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign pulmonary lesions(73.33% vs 45.00%,χ2=17.115,P=0.000).The levels of serum AFP,NSE,SF,CEA,CA125,CA199,and CA242 in lung cancer patients were significantly higher than those in patients with benign pulmonary diseases(P0.05);the positivities of CEA and CA242 were the highest in patients with lung adenocarcinoma;the positive rate of stage Ⅳ patients was 85.46%.There was a significant difference in the serum levels of CEA,CA125,CA199,CA242 and NSE between lung caner tissues at various clinical staging(P=0.000).Conclusion:Multiple tumor marker protein biochip detection system contributes to the differentiated diagnosis of benign and malignant lung lesions and provides important information for diagnosis and treatment in clinic.


Statement of the Problem: Dementia is a term for conditions characterized by decline in memory, language, and problem-solving. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidney energy plays a significant whole in memory. Purpose: To demonstrate that dementia may not be associated with the brain, being only a reflex of a general energy deficiency condition. Methods: Two case reports. First, 92-year-old female patient, Alzheimer diagnosis (2016).The patient lost the vision of both eyes in 1988 (glaucoma). The symptoms presented were: refusing to take shower, necessity of washing the hands all the time, urinary incontinence, and hallucinations. She started to treat these conditions with high-concentrated medication and started losing memory and physical energy. She started to complain of pain on the knees, back and joints. Physical therapy and exercise was not effective. TCM treatment was searched by the family. The second patient: B.N.C, 84-year-old female. Diagnosed with diabetes type 2, hypertension, gallbladder problems, headache and rhinitis, of the chakras with crystal-based medication and homeopathy, according to Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements based on Traditional Chinese Medicine created by the author. High-concentrated medications use was reduced. Results: Both patients perceived improvement of the general state, conscience level and pain. Both patients are still being treated. Conclusion: Dementia is only a reflex of a general energy imbalance. The reduction of all the factors that cause harm to Qi energy is important for recovery of these patients.


Sucrose fatty acid esters (SFAE) were adsorbed onto dry-heated (120 °C for 10, 20, 40, 60, and 120 min) wheat starch granules and extracted with ethyl ether in a Soxhlet apparatus without gelatinization of the starch granules. The amount of sucrose in the extracted SFAE was determined by the phenol sulfate method. A gradual increase of the sucrose from 159 to 712 μg, in SFAE per gram of starch, occurred with increasing dry-heating time and demonstrated the increased hydrophobicity of the starch granules. Increase of the SFAE was highly correlated (r = 0.9816) to increase of the oil-binding capacity of the dry-heated wheat starch granules. Non-waxy rice, waxy rice, sweet potato, and potato starch granules also showed higher hydrophobicity after dry-heating by this method. Graphical Abstract Outline of determination of hydrophobicity in dry-heated starch granules by sucrose fatty acid esters.


African students studying abroad have to adapt to a new cultural environment in addition to the usual stresses of school. This article uses social network theory to analyse findings about perceptions of the role played by social network members in the adjustment of 29 African students to British society. The findings come from a study that the author undertook to explore students' perceptions of adjustment problems and concerns they experienced, as well as the role played by social networks. The study found that the composition of students' network members was largely other African students and that contact among them was dense. While students perceived this contact as supportive, they also reported that sometimes it was a source of stress. Other network members who played a role in students' adjustment were family members, most of whom were left behind in the students' native countries, supervisors and lecturers, medical personnel, counsellors, sponsors, and the personnel of accommodation offices and the international students' offices. Students' networks played various roles, including both supportive and non-supportive. Supportive functions included the provision of emotional, informational, spiritual and financial support, advice and social companionship. Non-supportive aspects of network members included discrimination, domination, gossip, and students' inability to improve their knowledge of English and to learn about the cultures of the host country that arose from what the students called 'too much' contact with students from their own region. The article also outlines implications of the findings for practice and research.


Improving the sustainability of the economic system during the crisis requires a scientifically sound financial regulation, which consists in the effective impact of currency, credit and public finance on the economy.


Spatial distributions of bubbles in gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow with various sizes of bubbles were obtained by using an image processing system in a vertical pipe. The test section was a 30.8mm I.D. and approximately 10m height. The equivalent sphere bubble diameters were between 2mm and 8mm. The relation between bubble diameter and radial distribution of volume fraction was investigated based on radial profiles of volume fraction of classified bubbles in sizes. It was assumed that radial profiles of volume fraction of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow with almost all the same size of bubbles could be estimated from radial profiles of volume fraction of each group of bubbles classified in size in bubbly flow with various sizes of bubbles. Radial profiles of volume fraction were obtained for each classified bubbles with three different steps: 1.0mm, 0.50mm and 0.25mm. As the results, it was clarified that the some radial profiles of volume fraction of each group of bubbles classified in size in bubbly flow with various sizes of bubbles agreed qualitatively with those of bubbly flow with almost all the same size of bubbles and there were some new types of radial profile. Moreover, effects of the step on radial profiles of volume fraction were investigated. It was confirmed that the radial profiles of volume fraction of each classified bubbles in size varied occasionally with the small step as 0.25 mm. The importance of step size was presented.


The era of poverty eradication in Uganda started in a supportive setting where the
government had stated its commitment to alleviate poverty by directly involving
the poor. With the emphasis on participation and ownership by various
stakeholders from the local to national level, this approach required the domestic
actors to negotiate and decide among themselves how to direct fund and projects
to people and areas most affected by poverty. At first Uganda seemed to be on the
right track to tackle poverty but in the mid 2000�s the committed government that
once was hailed as one of the key factors in successfully lowering the level of
poverty became the downfall of the program as rampant corruption, patron-client
politics, and mismanagement of public fund made their returns. As the political
elites wasted the resources to stay in power, the poor that should have been the
center of the poverty eradication program were sidelined. The direct participation
and the access of the people to policy making were limited and insignificant. As
the result, poverty was again on the rise in Uganda in the last few years.


Background: The Norwood procedure is often performed to treat hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Only Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt is used with the Norwood procedure in our institute. Objective: To analyze the first-stage palliation for HLHS. Patients and methods: The Norwood procedure with right modified BT shunt was performed in 26 patients with HLHS between August 1996 and November 2008. The first four patients were performed using only autologous great vessel tissue (group 1), and the other 22 patients were operated with the Norwood procedure using a homograft for arch reconstruction (group 2). Results: The hospital mortality was 50.0 % in group 1 and 18.2% in group 2. The overall hospital mortality was 23.1%. Four out of twenty survivors (20%) had the modified Fontan procedure. Conclusion: Only a limited number of pediatric cardiac centers offered surgical treatment of the hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The survival rate in our study was in acceptable range despite the limited resource.


Abstract This article addresses the ways in which American textile designer Dorothy Liebes (1899–1972) attempted to bridge the worlds of luxury handcraft production and design for industry in the early years of her studio. Liebes is perhaps best known today for her extremely expensive custom designs for drapes, screens, and furnishings, created for the very small number of clients who could afford them. She was, however, equally engaged with the creation of modernist Good Design, industrially produced, for the much larger population of Americans who furnished their homes on a middle-class budget. For Liebes there was no inherent conflict between her ambitions as both an "artist-craftsman," creating custom designs, and as a designer-craftsman, translating her aesthetic into machine-made textiles and other products. It is in this capacity that she had the most profound influence on American design.


A procedure for calculating 3-D, compressible laminar boundary layer flow on general fuselage shapes is described. The boundary layer solutions can be obtained in either nonorthogonal 'body oriented' coordinates or orthogonal streamline coordinates. The numerical procedure is 'second order' accurate, efficient and independent of the cross flow velocity direction. Numerical results are presented for several test cases, including a sharp cone, an ellipsoid of revolution, and a general aircraft fuselage at angle of attack. Comparisons are made between numerical results obtained using nonorthogonal curvilinear 'body oriented' coordinates and streamline coordinates.


SUMMARY: The relationship between flicker sensitivity and acceleration, impaired stimulation and inhibition of central and autonomic nervous system and, ophthalmologic function. It should be stressed that examination of visual perception in pilots with CFFT can be interesting.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of high positive sustained acceleration on visual perception as measured with a CFFT (Critical Fusion Frequency Test) and to determine the relationship between these changes with respect to +Gz exposure. Participants and methods: Thirty-one volunteers aged between 23 to 30 years participated in the study. All of them underwent training and examination in the MIAM (Military Institute of Aviation Medicine) prior to, during and after exposure to acceleration on a human centrifuge. Participants were divided into three groups, depending on their Acceleration Tolerance Level (ATL) in order to compare their +Gz tolerance with CFFT results. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the changes in the CFFT control value (+1 Gz, no centrifugation) and > 1Gz exposures. Sequentially performed measurements, also resulted in no statistically significant changes. Conclusions: The obtained results indicate the CFFT has no value in the evaluation of a pilot's visual perception during acceleration exposure


Finite (upper) nearlattices are essentially the same mathematical entities as finite semilattices, finite commutative idempotent semigroups, finite join-enriched meet semilattices, and chopped lattices. We prove that if an n -element nearlattice has at least 83 • 2^ n -8 subnearlattices, then it has a planar Hasse diagram. For n > 8, this result is sharp.


Objective: To elucidate the presence and cellular distribution of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) in surgically induced endometriosis in the rat. Methods: Endometriosis was induced by implanting pieces of uterine fragments in the mesenteric region adjacent to a blood vessel for a period of 4-6 weeks. The endometrial implants were removed and processed for immunohistochemical localization using isoform-specific polyclonal antibodies to TGF-ß1, TGF-ß2, and TGF-ß3. Results: All the cell types in the endometrial implants with the exception of stromal cells immunostained for TGF-ß1 and TGF-ß3, but not TGF-ß2. The inflammatory cells that were infiltrated among endometriotic stromal cells and implant-associated cysts contained the highest immunostaining intensity for TGF-ßs 1-3, followed by luminal and glandular epithelial cells, fibroblasts of the fibrous adhesions, and endothelial and smooth-muscle cells of arterioles. The immunostaining intensity of TGF-ß1 was substantially higher than that of TGF-ß3 and TGF-ß2, and intensity was similar to the endometrial tissue from cycling rats in diestrus II for TGF-ß1 and estrus for TGF-ß2 and TGF-ß3. In the cycling rats, the order of immunostaining intensity in the endometrium was TGF-ß1, TGF-ß3, and TGF-ß2, respectively, with a higher intensity in diestrus II and proestrus than in diestrus I and estrus. Conclusion: The results indicate that endometrial implants in surgically induced endometriosis contain immunoreactive TGF-ßs, which may imply a possible paracrine/ autocrine role for the action of TGF-ß in the maintenance of viable endometriotic tissue and the development of fibrous adhesions associated with the implants.


For any pair of bounded observables A and B with pure point spectra, we construct an associated 'joint observable' which gives rise to a notion of a joint (projective) measurement of A and B, and which conforms to the intuition that one can measure non-commuting observables simultaneously, provided one is willing to give up arbitrary precision. As an application, we show how our notion of a joint observable naturally allows for a construction of a 'functional calculus,' so that for any pair of observables A and B as above, and any (Borel measurable) function f : R 2 → R ?> , a new 'generalized observable' f ( A , B ) ?> is obtained. Moreover, we show that this new functional calculus has some rather remarkable properties.


Cardiovascular diseases are the principal cause of death worldwide, especially in the US and Europe. Some of these diseases manifest as arrhythmic events, i.e., alterations of the normal sinus rhythm of the heart. Arrhythmia treatment varies depending on the type of arrhythmia and patient characteristics. Anti-arrhythmic drug therapy is often the first choice for arrhythmia management, although catheter ablation is becoming a first line therapy specially in those cases when the disease is on its first states, anti-arrhythmic drug therapy is ineffective or the arrhythmia focus is identifiable. Catheter ablation is a minimally invasive clinical procedure that deploys small catheters in the cardiac chambers. Those catheters are equipped with electrodes that sense the local electrical activity of the heart, known as electrograms (EGM), during arrhythmia or sinus rhythm. Based on the characteristics of this electrical activity, radio frequency energy is delivered at those sites responsible of the clinical arrhythmia. The aim of this thesis is to investigate signal processing techniques of invasive EGM signals in order to provide useful tools for helping in the decision process during ablation procedures and electrophysiological studies. In chapter 2, an automatic EGM delineator based on the wavelet transform of the bipolar electrogram (b-EGM) signal envelope is introduced and validated. It is motivated by the need of an operator-independent algorithm to measure local activation times (LATs) and to build ventricular activation maps in electroanatomical mapping (EAM) systems. The accuracy of the method is first validated against manual annotations performed by two experts, showing errors in the same order as the annotations performed manually during the interventions in the electrophysiology lab. A second study assesses the ability of the method to generate activation maps in order to identify the area of interest for ablation and to determine the site of origin (SOO) in patients with idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (OTVAs). Automatic activation maps were compared with manual maps created during the procedure, showing similar accuracy in identifying the earliest activation area for ablation purposes and a slightly superior performance in the SOO identification of idiopathic OTVAs. Therefore, these results suggest that the proposed automatic b-EGM delineator may potentially help to reduce mapping acquisition time, especially when multi-electrode catheters are used, to reduce operator variability and to increase ablation outcomes. In chapter 3, a novel spatiotemporal approach to resolve high-density cardiac activation during atrial fibrillation (AF) using multi-electrode array (MEA) sensors is


HEAO -B (or the Einstein Observatory, as it is known in the scientific community --I will use the terms interchangeably) is the first astrophysical observatory in the X -ray wavelength range; it is similar to Space Telescope or a ground based observatory in many respects; it consists of a mirror, a group of focal plane instruments, and a supporting spacecraft structure. Riccardo Giacconi is the Principal Investigator, and four scientific groups, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, M.I.T., the Goddard Space Flight Center, and the Columbia Astrophysical Observatory, have been associated with the experiment from its early phases. NASA has managed the overall HEAD program, TRW designed and built the spacecraft and AS &E designed and built much of the experiment instrumentation. The mirror, which will be the subject of most of this talk, was one of the most challenging tasks of the program. The institutional roles in the mirror effort are summarized in Table 1.


The present study seeks to assess and compare the acquiring company shareholders announcement gains in earnout, cash and stock offers. For this purpose a sample of 202 cross border acquisitions comprise the sample set. Out of the total sample of 202 acquisitions, 103 are financed via cash (cash offers), 35 acquisitions are financed via earnout mechanism (earnout offers) while 15 offers are financed by exchanging shares of the acquiring companies with that of target companies' shares (stock offers). For computing the announcement returns, standard event study methodology has been employed. Further, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been applied to compare the announcement returns of the acquiring companies across different modes of payment. For this the announcement returns of three day window (day -1 today +1) are taken as dependent variable. The results of event study for various sub periods reveal that market has given positive reaction to all cross border acquisitions irrespective of the mode of payment employed. The results of ANOVA show that there is a significant difference in the three day returns of cash, earnouts and stock offers. However, the post hoc analysis makes it evident that earnout offers have produced significantly higher returns only in comparison to the cash offers and not in comparison to stock offers during the three day event window. Thus, from the entire analyses it can be deduced that earnouts, that are specially designed to elude the risk of adverse selection in cross border acquisitions, do not generate any superior returns to the acquiring company shareholders compared to other modes of payment.


In the past decade, it is proven that satellite image classification using an object-based technique is better than the standard pixel-based technique. With the increasing need for classifying multispectral satellite images for urban planning, the accuracy of the classification becomes a significant performance parameter. Object-based classification (OBC) is a technique in which group of pixels having similar spectral properties, called objects, are generated using image segmentation and then these objects are classified based on their attributes. In this paper, the combination of a multiclass AdaBoost algorithm with extra trees classifier (ETC) is proposed with higher prediction accuracy for the OBC of the urban fringe area. The performance of the AdaBoost algorithm is found to be better in terms of classification accuracy than benchmarked SVM and RF classifiers for OBC. These classification methods were applied to IRS-R2 LISS IV data. The AdaBoosted extra trees classifier (ABETC) has demonstrated the highest accuracy with overall accuracy (OA) of 88.47% and a kappa coefficient of 0.85. The computational time of the ABETC is found to be much smaller than the RF algorithm. In detail, the sensitivity of the classifiers was investigated using stratified random sampling with various sample sizes.


In remote areas, a small power source with a capacity less than 50MW electricity without refueling is attractive since fuel transfer cost is high. In a previous 50MW sodium-cooled reactor study, a concept with a long-life core and a simple plant system without refueling was proposed. The 50MW plant decay heat removal system adopts direct reactor auxiliary cooling systems (DRACSs). To enhance passive safety features, the 50MW plant DRACSs adopt flow diodes instead of valves which need active signals to become activated. In this study, two full-scale flow diode models, Types A and B, were manufactured and water tests were conducted. The Type A flow diode is a conventional vortex flow diode and Type B is a modified vortex flow diode which provides easy maintenance. Under the test condition, the former showed good performance while the latter lacked sufficient performance. Then, flow diodes for the 50MW plant DRACSs were designed according to the experimental results. An optimized Type A flow diode and a modified Type B flow diode were evaluated and found to meet requirements of natural convection decay heat removal operation while maintaining a sufficient lowbypass flow during normal power operation.


Femtosecond laser has a very high peak power because of its ultrashort pulse duration. After amplified by a regenerative amplifier, which is based on Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) technique, the peak power intensity can reach 10 TW/cm2. Many nonlinear effects will occur under this extremely high Electro-Magnetic field. We exposed an organic transparent material of Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to the amplified Ti:Sapphire laser pulses with 100-fs pulse duration, 800-nm wavelength and 1000 Hz repetition rate under different output power and observed the consequent refractive index change. Meanwhile, an interferometry method was used to measure the refractive index change. A uniquely modified Machelson interferometer was setup and could sensitively monitor the slight change of refractive index change.Femtosecond laser has a very high peak power because of its ultrashort pulse duration. After amplified by a regenerative amplifier, which is based on Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) technique, the peak power intensity can reach 10 TW/cm2. Many nonlinear effects will occur under this extremely high Electro-Magnetic field. We exposed an organic transparent material of Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to the amplified Ti:Sapphire laser pulses with 100-fs pulse duration, 800-nm wavelength and 1000 Hz repetition rate under different output power and observed the consequent refractive index change. Meanwhile, an interferometry method was used to measure the refractive index change. A uniquely modified Machelson interferometer was setup and could sensitively monitor the slight change of refractive index change.


Insoluble collagen was prepared from human root dentine. This material was extensively digested by preparations of crystalline proteinase and crude α amylase, derived from Bacillus subtilis, both of which exhibited proteolytic activity characteristic of the alkaline bacillopeptidases. The degradation products varied in size from small dialysable peptides to large fibrillar structures, visible in the electron microscope. These latter products were themselves heterogeneous in respect to their size and structural integrity, thus differing from the preparations of "polymeric collagen" described by other authors. The total extent of solubilisation was very much greater at 37°C than at 20°C, suggesting some thermal instability of the collagen of this tissue. The susceptibility described for human dentine collagen to digestion by these non-specific proteases is notable since insoluble collagens prepared from nonmineralised tissues are generally considered to be resistant to proteolytic enzymes other than the col...


Many structural parts are connected and fixed with rivets or screws in aircraft assembly. Due to the requirements of sealing, anticorrosion or fastening, soft rubber caps coated with sealant need to be bonded. The current production mode is mostly manual operation, there are a lot of problems, such as heavy workload, high hollow rate of sealing cap, low production efficiency, not environmental-friendly and so on. In this paper, a multi-rivet automatic identification and rubber cap installation system of micro-curved structural parts based on robotic linear laser scanning is designed by cooperative-robot to carry a linear laser camera and a soft rubber cap pickup fixture. The system can realize the automatic scanning, identification, classification and positioning of rivets or screws, automatically pick up different types of rubber caps according to the classification, and link with the automatic glue injection system to complete the quantitative glue injection of rubber caps, and automatically complete the installation of rubber caps according to the positioning information.


The significance of heterocyclic dyestuffs has recently increased due to their deep hues and brightness, high color strength and better colorfastness compared to benzene analogous dyes. In this review, we give details outlining the synthetic approaches of all recently synthesized nitrogen-containing five and six-membered ring heterocyclic dyestuffs and their dyeing efficiency on textile fibers.


The use of wind energy is progressively utilized to produce electrical energy. Wind energy is related to the variation of some atmospheric variables such as wind direction, wind speed, air density and atmospheric pressure. Recently, numerous methods base on Artificial Intelligence techniques to forecast wind speed have been proposed in the literature. In this paper a new artificial intelligence approach for wind speed time series forecasting is proposed, it is composed from two blocs: The first one is based on the use of a deep architecture. The Autoencoder which is a type of deep neural networks, utilized generally for Denoising, is employed to reduce the wind speed input dimensionality. In the second bloc of the proposed methodology, the Elman neural network is employed to forecast future values of wind series, it is a kind of recurrent neural networks that are very sensitive to historical variations. To evaluate our approach we used the following error indicators: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE),Mean Absolute Bias Error (MABE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE)and the coefficient of determination (R2). The obtained results are compared with those of the Extreme Learning Machine method.


In this paper, we propose a new Rydberg entangling gate scheme which we demonstrate theoretically to have an order of magnitude improvement in fidelities and speed over existing protocols. We find that applying this gate to donors in silicon would help overcome the strenuous requirements on atomic precision donor placement and substantial gate tuning, which so far has hampered scaling. We calculate multivalley Rydberg interactions for several donor species using the Finite Element Method, and show that induced electric dipole and Van der Waals interactions, calculated here for the first time, are important even for low-lying excited states. We show that Rydberg gate operation is possible within the lifetime of donor excited states with 99.9% fidelity for the creation of a Bell state in the presence of decoherence.


The paper describes EMO-5, a collection of gridded datasets for seven daily aggregated variables. The dataset covers Europe. The time period ranges from 1990 to 2019 and the grid spacing is 5 km. I understood that originally the aim of the developers was to provide the atmospheric forcings to a hydrological rainfall-runoff model, then EMO-5 was also distributed as a stand-alone product and made available to the general public. For this reason, the authors consider precipitation as the most important of the seven EMO-5 variables.


It is the start of a new year, the traditional time for making forecasts, so I am pleased to be here today to offer my perspective on recent economic developments and on the outlook for the U.S. economy. After a rough patch early in 2011, the economy appears to have regained a little momentum near the end of the year, and I expect that it will most likely continue on a path of gradual recovery in 2012. Because conditions in the housing market are such a strong drag on recovery, I will also outline some initiatives that I believe have the potential to accelerate improvement in that sector. Before I begin, I want to emphasize that the views that I will be presenting are my own and not necessarily those of my colleagues on the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) or the Board of Governors.


Since a large proportion of the information that is received daily is in the form of images, a highly effective no-reference stereo image quality assessment (SIQA) method is desired. This paper proposes an improved method that covers wide quality-aware features, including the structure, color, luminance, phase, and human visual system (HVS). To be specific, since human eyes are highly sensitive to the structure of images, the gradient magnitude (GM) and gradient orientation (GO) are extracted from the left and right views of the stereo image. Considering the influence of color distortions, the images are decomposed into the RGB channels to be processed, and the local gradient of the color image is obtained by adding up the RGB gradient vectors. In addition, according to the study of the two main visual channels, especially the cyclopean and disparity maps, the binocular-related images of position and phase congruency are generated. Correspondingly, two special dictionaries for the gradient and phase are trained to parse the high-dimensional sample sets. The experimental results show that the proposed metric always achieves high consistency with human subjective assessments for both symmetric and asymmetric distortions.


Various optimal control problems for linear parabolic systems with multiple time delays given in the integral form are considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality are derived for the Neumann problem. The optimal control is obtained in the feedback form. Making use of the results of Schwartz, the representation of the optimal feedback control is given. A simple example of application is also provided.