With the increasing production at PT. MEDCO E & P INDONESIA
especially in S & CS Asset, then the chances for a unit centrifugal pumps will be
greater. To improve the quality and efficiency of work in particular pompa
Reciprocating Pompa then writing about the trouble and care essential
centrifugal pumps. Writing about his own centrifugal pumps due to lack of media
or references to trouble and care centrifugal pumps in Indonesian, as well as to
support existing methods of treatment, especially in the oil. The role of this thesis
is important because as a media reference in carrying out maintenance process.
to complete the final task of a centrifugal pumps maintenance is divided
into two ways are the daily maintenance and preventive maintenance inspection.
This final project, successful maintenance of centrifugal pumps. and
damage to the junk clogging centrifugal pumps are the eye of the impeller causing
decreased suction capacity, shaft bent or jammed, damaged bearings, high
vibration, casing leak after preventive maintenance and daily maintenance
centrifugal pumps aback to work optimally.


The presence of an underground air-filled cavity modifies the distribution of the electrical potential. One of the weak points of the resistivity method for the detection of air-filled cavities is the data processing required for quantifying depth and size of an air-filled cavity. One possible way is to use data inversion. At first, numerical computations have been undertaken to look for the major parameters influencing the measurements in an air-filled cavity detection problem with resistivity technique. Then an original inverse approach of resistivity measurements is proposed. In this approach apparent resistivity is a multivariate function, variables being the depth (H), size (X, Y, Z) and surface location (Xa). Thus we have: Pa = f (H, X, Y, Z, Xa). With numerical computations three different data bases are built. Experimental data are compared to theoretical data from the different data bases by using error criteria which allow us to get depth, size and surface location of the cavity. Finally, one example of the results obtained by this inversion approach is gi ven on real field data


This is a review of the DCMS's annual estimates of the size, scope and activities of the UK's creative industries, with a particular focus on the latest publication in January 2009. Running parallel to these estimates is a research programme, latterly codified as the Creative Economy Programme (CEP), which constantly assesses and periodically modifies the methodologies used for collating statistics. This programme is also reviewed, primarily through two 2007 documents: a report commissioned from Frontier Economics and a DCMS overview of all the CEP's work in 2006–2007. The review also draws on primary sources in the form of national and international reports on methodologies for classifying and measuring the creative industries, as well as appropriate academic literature.


Some remarks on the pregenital psychic economy of the patient presented by Dominique Cupa, Julien K. – in particular, on the guilt that seems to organise it – will serve to introduce economical and topographical considerations on the transformation of the force of the drive impulses into representations and meaning, and epistemological remarks on a link between the two Freudian topographies that respects their heterogeneity.


The core idea of the lens model consists in ascribing the individual organism the critical ability to recognize a heterogeneous and intricate selection in the ecology on both the input and output side, by establishing new foci, or simply by ignoring some aspects. In the center of attention within this model is the selection of vital distal issues on the basis of cues, as handled by the "central unit of the organism". In order to clarify the terms "input side" and "output side", the basic and neutral structural model by Brunswik (1939, 1952; Wolf, 2000) will be presented in a visual way (figure 1), as it categorizes both the organism and its environment.


Hydrolysis processes of novel anticancer transplatin analogues,trans-[PtCl2(NH3)(Am)](Am:nonplanar heterocycle piperidine or piperazine),were explored using the B3LYP hybrid functional and isoelectric focusing polarized continuum model(IEF-PCM).Stationary points on the potential energy surfaces for the first and second hydrolysis steps that proceed via a general SN2 pathway were fully optimized and characterized.The most remarkable structural variations in the hydrolysis process were found to occur in the equatorial plane of five-coordinate trigonal-bipyramidal(TBP) like structures of the intermediates and transition states.We obtained lower activation energies for trans-[PtCl2(NH3)(piperazine)] and a slightly higher activation energy for the first step and a slightly lower activation energy for the second step during the hydrolysis of trans-[PtCl2(NH3)(piperidine)] by comparison to previous work on the hydrolysis reactions of cisplatin.Our calculations suggest that this class of non-classical transplatin analogues with one nonplanar heterocyclic amine decreases the equatorial steric effect and the hydrolysis reaction barriers.


Chromatin insulators demarcate expression domains by blocking the cis effects of enhancers or silencers in a position-dependent manner1, 2. We show that the chromatin insulator protein CTCF carries a post-translational modification: poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation mark, which exclusively segregates with the maternal allele of the insulator domain in the H19 imprinting control region, requires the bases that are essential for interaction with CTCF3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation−on−chip analysis documented that the link between CTCF and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation extended to more than 140 mouse CTCF target sites. An insulator trap assay showed that the insulator function of most of these CTCF target sites is sensitive to 3-aminobenzamide, an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity. We suggest that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation imparts chromatin insulator properties to CTCF at both imprinted and nonimprinted loci, which has implications for the regulation of expression domains and their demise in pathological lesions.


All optical-modulator is a new generation of modulators designed in conjunction with electroabsorbing modulators to improve performance, increase speed and reduce the power of these modulators. Graphene has also been used for this kind of modulator because of its unique optical properties. In this paper, an all optical graphene modulator is modeled numerically and the uniqe role of graphene has also been shown in this analysis. For the analysis , a single-mode optical fiber is considered and drawned from it's two sides and narrowed, Then on the narrowed portion a graphene layer was coverd and the results are checked. Finally, a layer of polymer is also coverd on graphene and it's Performance improvements is shown. In this research, the effect of fiber stretching on modulation depth and power consumption has been investigated. Reducing the radius of the narrowed section from 1 to 0.4 μm will significantly improve the depth of modulation and reduce power. Adding an extra polymer layer to graphene has reduced power consumption. KeywordsGraphene, Graphene Modulator, Fermi Level, Switch Signal, Depth Modulation [ D ow nl oa de d fr om o ps i.i r on 2 02 202 -1 8 ]


Lives and properties are lost daily to burglary, housebreaking, road accidents and fire accidents because of lack of quick emergency response by the agencies concerned as a result of poor communication method between the victims of the incidents and the agencies which currently is designed to be Human-to-Human (H2H). The distress caller is expected to make a call through a network to the respective agency for emergency response. For obvious reasons, this sometimes becomes impossible or ineffective. This research puts forth an Internet-based architecture for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication and computation to enhance information dissemination in National Public Security Communication System (NPSCS) network. M2M communication is all about enabling the flow of data between machines and machines and ultimately machines and people. The findings from the analysis showed that Internet-based architecture for M2M communication and computation is most suitable for deployment of a public security network which will allow machines to use Internet to talk to each other.


A prediction of the thermal response of a steel beam installed beneath a ceiling and exposed to a localized fire source was performed by using CFD model. The validity of steady state calculation has been verified by results of experiments. Concerning the heat flux, the difference between analytical results and experimental values increases with increasing dimensionless heat release rate Q*DII, '" Q / pCPTog 112 DHB 3/2 • In the case of the lower flange, the difference between the analytical result and experimental value increases rapidly over the range of Q*DHB from 0.35 to 0.5, reaching the maximum value of about 22 (kW/m). This difference is equivalent to 56% of the maximum heat flux in the experiment. While the error for the heat flux scattered within 20% to 56% of the maximum heat flux measured in the experiment, the maximum error for the temperature remained 22%.


PURPOSE
To develop a level set method (LSM)-based algorithm to track the tumor's boundary in MV image sequences for image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT).

METHOD
Four MV image sequences, each of which consists of 100 frames at frame rate of 7.5 Hz, are acquired by using the electronic portal imaging device (EPID) (Varian Medical Systems, Pal Alto, USA) during the treatment of lung cancer. In the first frame of each sequence, we roughly delineate an initial contour of the target tumor by hand. Using a LSM-based algorithm, the initial contour can automatically shape itself to fit the tumor, and eventually detect the tumor's boundary. We then employ the tumor's boundary obtained from the previous frame as the initial contour in the subsequent frame, so that the LSM-based method can drive this initial contour to the tumor's boundary quickly and fulfill a tracking task.

RESULTS
The proposed method has been evaluated on four MV image sequences. The mean tracking errors were 0.23, 0.29, 0.37, and 1.18 mm, and their corresponding standard deviations were 0.97, 0.75, 1.2 and 1.48 mm, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Compared with conventional tumor tracking techniques, the proposed system is capable not only of tracking the tumor's position, but also of detecting the tumor's boundary varying with the respiration during the treatment. Considering current radiation therapy technique, for example, dynamical multi-leaf collimator (DMLC) has been widely applied in clinical treatment, this study indicates the potential for significant accuracy improvement in radiation therapy. This work was partially supported by a research grant from Varian Medical Systems (Palo Alto, California).


al practices. Although it has been argued that classical dance forms should be modified for the tourist, classical performance in the tourist sphere has not as yet been commercialized, the dancers being paid an honorarium, insufficient to live on. On the other hand, away from the ' cultural centre ' of Yogyakarta, rural groups, seeing tourists as an additional source of income, have revived rustic dance forms. Now classical groups have brought these regional styles to the hotels. Here we see quite clearly how tourist interest may legitimize and maintain, and even re-create local interest in things close to home, the tourist industry providing a contemporary rationale for the continuation of classical and regional performance traditions. Perhaps harder to accept is Victor King's argument in relation to Malaysia, namely, that because 75% of the tourists come from other ASEAN countries they will share certain cultural and ethnic traits with the Malaysians which will cushion the latter against the detrimental effects of tourism. Far more credible are King's other observations, that tourists are confined to a few destinations, particularly urban areas long subject to commercial situations, and that excursions to the countryside, which is perhaps the more vulnerable area, tend to be brief and organized. One thing that becomes apparent in many of the papers is the importance of planning and policy-making for tourism. Policy-making is covered by Richter who points out that originally the tourist policy-makers were uninterested in and ignorant of the facts. It appears now, however, that there is a heightened interest and level of politicization but an absence of consensus. However, Richter questions whether tourism can be compatible with an increasing scarcity of land, water supply, energy, etc. Planning for tourism is discussed by both Parnwell, in relation to the resort of Ko Samui in Thailand, and M. Hitchcock in relation to the island of Komodo in Indonesia. The first example illustrates the environmental problems caused by unplanned tourist expansion, while the Komodo case is an example of how tourism should be planned, and the kinds of problems this entails. Environmental issues feature quite prominently in several of the papers, and in many countries, given industries like logging and mining, it may be argued that tourism is more environmentally friendly. Cochrane's paper provides an interesting insight into the growth of national parks in relation to tourism, and considers the attitudes of the indigenous population towards them. This volume is most certainly a useful contribution to tourism studies in South-East Asia. It considers all the important issues, economic, anthropological, environmental, etc. and demonstrates their relevance to tourism, and to developmental studies generally. As such it is a valuable source book for students studying South-East Asian developmental issues. The one major criticism that must be made is aimed not at the content but the price. Tutors cannot be expected to recommend a book as expensive as this to students who have very limited budgets for book buying. Publishers would be well-advised to bring out affordable paperback versions alongside the hardback, especially if they wish to avoid the student fallback of mass photocopying.


A new class of noncoherent sequence detection (NSD) algorithms for combined demodulation and decoding of coded linear and continuous phase modulations, transmitted over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels, has been previously presented by the authors. In this paper, this class is generalized to the case of frequency nonselective Rayleigh and Rice slowly fading channels. Coded linear modulations, namely M-ary phase shift keying (M-PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM), are explicitly considered.


The redevelopment of the former naval dockyards in Chatham is one of the largest regeneration sites in the UK and is widely seen as a high-profile flagship project aimed at encouraging business investment. This paper utilises the Chatham redevelopment project as a basis from which to discuss recent developments in UK policy. It draws upon the methods of critical discourse analysis in order to discuss particular tensions within the project in the context of central-local government relations, partnership arrangements, project implementation and marketing. The paper's conclusion is that, in spite of the initiatives established to devolve decision-making and establish regional autonomy, property-led development projects in the UK are likely to remain tightly controlled with only limited scope for community groups to exert influence.


High inter‐annual and inter‐decadal variability was identified in the Kuroshio heat transport (KHT), primarily following 5.4‐, 22‐ and 2‐year cycles. The KHT experienced a sharp climatic jump around 1976. Inter‐decadal variability of the KHT was strongly associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). A linear long‐term KHT upward trend was identified from 1956 to 2003, and the KHT increased 0.65 × 1015 W in this period. The northeastward volume transport of the Kuroshio made a greater contribution to the KHT across the PN section than sea temperature did. Correlation and composite analyses showed that the meridional wind anomalies over the Kuroshio area and the southern portion of the South China Sea were responsible for the inter‐annual variability of the KHT in the East China Sea, i.e. the KHT increased (decreased) when the southerly (northerly) anomalies strengthened. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society


To obtain the spatial-temporal information of land desertification in the source region of the Yangtze River,Landsat MSS images in 1975 and Landsat TM images in 2005 were used to monitor the desertification land with the assistance of RS and GIS techniques.To accurately classify the desertification land,we investigated the study area at the beginning of this research by taking a series of photographs of each type of desertification land and recording its geographic coordinates using a global positioning system(GPS) receiver,and then finding the corresponding desertification land in the remote-sensing images at those geographic coordinates to build an interpretation symbol database for use in subsequent image interpretation.In addition,we digitized the topographic maps at a scale of 1:100 000 to provide vector data,then transformed the vegetation and soil maps to the same projection mode and coordinate system so that they could be overlaid on the other images to provide assistance with image interpretation.Visual interpretation was based on image characteristics such as the color,shape,size,shading,texture,structure,and relative spatial distribution of each class of desertification land.In addition,the abovementioned ancillary materials were used to improve the accuracy of the classification.This comprehensive analysis and logical reasoning skills are both necessary during the process of visual interpretation,so the interpreters must possess abundant geoscience knowledge.According to the result of visual interpretation,there is large area of desertification land distributes in the source region of the Yangtze River.During the thirty years,the desertification land increased quickly,especially the increase of very severe grade of desertification land.The desertification land increased by 2 804.9 km2 from 3 1118.3 km2 in 1975 to 33 923.25 km2 in 2005,its percentage increased from 21.87% to 23.83%.The increase areas of very severe desertification land,severe desertification land,moderate desertification land,light desertification land and potential desertification land are 3 067.49 km2,912.82 km2,800.95 km2,397.4 km2 and 246.68 km2 respectively.The population density in the source region of Yangtze River is very low and the people mainly concentrate in the county towns that locate in the east of this region where is far away from the desertification land,therefore,the influence of human activities is not the main enforce factor for the development of desertification.However,during this period,the temperature of this region increased rapidly,the mean annual temperature of the region increased by 1.04 ℃ from 1975 to 2005,that is the main driving force for the desertification in the source region of the Yangtze River.


This is the second of two articles focused on the role of dress in the formulation of Hmong American cultural life. The first article focused on the performance of two versions of Hmong American New Year and how dress is used by Hmong Americans to make sense of their position between the cultural world of the past and contemporary American culture. This paper centers on the transmission and reconstruction of female gender roles in the American context as expressed through women's headdress worn to the Hmong American New Year celebration. Both uses of dress arose out of attempts to reconcile the cultural life of the past with their lives in the United States; both are expressed visually through the dressed and evaluated body within the context of the Hmong New Year celebration.


Objectives To investigate the pathogens and antibiotic resistance in nosocomial urinary tract infections in the departments of neurology and neurosurgery.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on inpatients in the departments of neurology and neurosurgery durng the period from Jan 2004 to Jun 2005.Results The most prevalent pathogens isolated were Gram-positive bacterias which isolation rate was 48.59%,40.19%,respectively.Enterococcus dominate in Gram-positive bacteria.Fungi isolated in the departments of neurosurgery were more than that in the departments of neurology(P0.05).E.coli were sensitive to cefotetan and imipenem while Enterococcus were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplamin.Conclusions The kinds of clinical bacteria in nosocomial urinary tract infecdtions in the department of neurology and neurosurgery are changing.Clinicians should consider these changes to get good effect and deduce the spread of multidrug resistance bacteria.


Objective
To investigate the effects of apolipoprotein E(ApoE) deficiency on neuromyelitis optica (NMO) model of spinal cord sections induced by NMO-IgG and complement in vitro.

Methods
NMO-IgG was extracted from the patients with NMO, and complementary serum from healthy people. The spinal cord sections of seven days old C57BL / 6J mice with wild type (WT) or ApoE knockout (ApoE-/-) were cultured for seven days. The spinal cords of the two genotypes were randomly divided into experimental groups (NMO-ApoE-/- group, NMO-WT group) and control groups (C-AopE-/- group, C-WT group), respectively. The experimental groups were treated with NMO-IgG and complementary serum, and the control groups only with complementary serum. Then all the sections were continued incubating for 24 h before harvested. Immunofluorescence staining and modified thick tissue film immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionic calcium fibronectin (IBA1), myelin basic protein (MBP) and human neurofilament protein L (NFL) respectively. The lesion score was calculated according to the areas percentage of AQP4 and GFAP deficiency in spinal cord sections.

Results
Compared with the respective control groups, the expressions of AQP4, GFAP, MBP and NFL were deficient in the experimental groups (The percentages of missing area in the NMO-ApoE-/- group were 83.88%±5.01%, 82.44%±6.11%, 45.02%±5.11% and 54.65%±7.66% respectively, while the percentages of missing area in the C-ApoE-/- group were 10.44%±4.07%, 5.73%±0.82%, 9.12%±1.41% and 5.72%±0.81%, t=34.143, 37.269, 20.300, 19.051, all P<0.05; The percentages of missing area in the NMO-WT group were 77.74%±6.75%, 75.62%±5.76%, 37.60%±4.88% and 46.29%±4.98%, while the percentages of missing area in the C-WT group were 9.31%±2.97%, 5.80%±0.82%, 9.10%±1.63%, 5.80%±0.81% respectively, t=27.828, 35.934, 16.613, 24.057, all P<0.05). While IBA1 was up-regulated and the damage scores were higher in both the NMO-ApoE-/- group and the NMO-WT group. The percentages of missing area in the NMO-ApoE-/- group and the NMO-WT group showed statistically significant difference (t=2.194, 2.436, 3.149, 2.746, all P<0.05). The expression level of IBA1 in the NMO-WT group was higher than that in the C-WT group (19.88±1.11 vs 11.18±0.65, t=25.270, P<0.05), while the expression level of IBA1 in the NMO-ApoE-/- group was higher than that in the NMO-WT group (25.81±1.61 vs 19.88±1.11, t=9.101, P<0.05). The degree of deficiency or up-regulation of above-mentioned proteins was more obvious in the NMO-ApoE -/- group than that in the NMO-WT group.

Conclusions
NMO-IgG extracted from NMO patients can induce NMO-like damage in isolated tissue at the presence of complement. ApoE deficiency promotes the further activation of microglia, thereby aggravates the injury of astrocyte in the model of NMO.

Key words:
Apolipoproteins E; Neuromyelitis optica; In vitro model


Chitosan coatings on metal implants have recently received considerable attention in the biomedical field. This work aims to evaluate the effect of the roughness of the surface of titanium (CP Ti) on chitosan coating behavior. The titanium substrates were also polished mechanically to vary the surface roughness preparing four samples (CS-0.34μm, CS-0.31 µm, CS-0.28µm and CS-0.25µm). These samples were coated with chitosan according to the simple method of coating. The surface of the sample was examined by optical microscopy and it was found homogenous morphology. The thicknesses of coatings were determined by the weighing which was varied (24-36µm). The coating roughness was evaluated by mechanical roughness showing that the value of Ra the samples varied from (0.25-0.4µm). The adhesion coating on the titanium substrate was carried out by micro-indentation tests and micro-scratch under load respectively (1N, 3N and 5N). Titanium substrates having Ra (0.25-0.28μm) showed optimal adhesion to the chitosan coating.


This study is about the impact of privatization on the state owned corporations in Pakistan. The data set includes a four years before and after measures for operating efficiency. Profitability, output, capital investment and leverage are used as measures for efficiency. The Wilcoxon Z test is used for the comparison of variables before and after the privatization process in Pakistan. The data is selected from various major sectors like cement, oil and gas, banks and financial sector, chemical and auto. The study revealed that no significant financial and operating improvements were exhibited after privatization of these state owned enterprises.


The importance of learning English is increasing as China's foreign exchanges become more frequent. China's independent colleges have been steadily growing in recent years, with the main school's main characteristic of cultivating applied talents, and teaching quality gradually improving. College English teaching is a practical application of college English education and instruction. The "sum of beliefs, recognized values, and technologies commonly accepted by the members of a specific community" is the world outlook and mode of behavior that a group of researchers engaged in a particular science adopts. Modern information technology has pervaded people's work and lives since the dawn of the information age, and it is now widely used in a variety of fields. Teachers' primary roles have shifted from disseminator of information, presenter of knowledge, transmitter of culture, and provider of correct answers in today's learning environment supported by modern information technology to promoter of learning, organizer of activities, student helper, and interactive collaborator. This paper obtains some information useful to the development of teaching work based on the data mining algorithm used in the mining practice of the educational administration information management system. This information is useful for improving teaching quality, implementing the talent development program more effectively, mastering student skill development, and teachers' teaching situations.


In the XXI century the Internet has become a new platform of immediate dissemination of political information in a globalizing world. The main advantage of the Internet is the speed of information dissemination. Political video advertising on the Internet is a distinctive innovative technology of political communication. It has an ability to mould the political consciousness, to influence, to manage, to manipulate, to interpret and to construct political information space. The authors, based on the experience of USA, analyze the modern political video advertising, the ways and methods of its influence on the Web, determine trends and potential of its development in the domestic and foreign policy.


Microbial diseases and the microbes that cause said diseases are prevalent throughout the world. Indeed, there are a bewildering amount of causative agents for microbial disease and keeping track of them is a monumental task. The 4th edition of Schaechter's Mechanisms of Microbial Disease does an admirable job of presenting a wide selection of microbes and the diseases they cause in a pathological framework that is concise and understandable. The book is relatively short at 762 pages but covers a respectable amount of information in three sections and 76 chapters.


The invention discloses a semiconductor fingerprint reading sensor device. Another sensing area is arranged beside an area of a sensor for reading concave portions and convex portions of a fingerprint. When a finger is placed on the fingerprint reading sensor device, a welding pad of an R sensor for detecting a finger resistance value, a welding pad of a C sensor for detecting a finger capacitance value and a grounding welding pad for enabling the two welding pads to be in a pair are placed on a single chip, a circuit for detecting resistance is used for measuring a resistance value Rx of the contacting finger, a circuit for detecting capacitance is used for measuring a capacitance value Cx of the contacting finger, and the authenticity of the finger is judged and the state of the finger is determined according to the measured resistance value and the measured capacitance value. The semiconductor fingerprint reading sensor device has the advantages that when the fingerprint is read for proving whether the finger of an owner is read or not, whether the read finger is a real finger or not is determined quite accurately and then the sampling condition is automatically adjusted according to the dry and wet state of the finger, and therefore the fingerprint can be correctly read.


Apartment culture is an important part of school culture. A positive, healthy, and optimistic apartment culture can help college students form a correct world view, outlook on life and values and a development view. However, there are still some problems concerning the ideas on the construction of the apartment culture, including that people are indifferent towards the construction of the apartment culture. New conceptions which can meet the demands of the new age are actually scarce. The system of the construction of apartment culture is imperfect and the ability of constructing the apartment culture is weak. Therefore, universities are supposed to attach very importance to the construction of apartment culture, free their minds, excavate and probe into the apartment culture, keep pace with the times and make the apartment culture into the eye-catching brand culture, and they should take the educational function of the apartment culture as the central theme, and make the apartment culture close to the students' thoughts and practical life. Therefore, the universities are expected to facilitate the development of the construction of the apartment culture in a


POS PAUD is one of the non-formal educational institutions that plays an important role in children's education. All learning activities in PAUD and the supporting facilities must meet the standards according to the provisions of PAUD Education. To find out the achievement of these standards accreditation activities are needed, because one of the efforts to maintain the quality and improvement of an educational institution is through accreditation activities. POS PAUD Melati 10 and Kenanga 12 are located in Kelurahan Pasir Kaliki Kecamatan Cimahi Utara are PAUD institutions that have not been accredited. In order for POS PAUD to be accredited properly, it must meet the accreditation eligibility criteria based on the National Education Standards which include eight standards.. The methods used in the preparation of the two POS PAUD accreditations are literature study, interviews, field surveys, discussions, technical guidance for preparation of accreditation standard documents in the form of workshops for school principals, teachers and operators. Through this accreditation preparation assistance activity, it has succeeded in bringing POS PAUD Melati 10 to meet the accredited criteria and POS Kenanga 12 PAUD with additional time being ready for accreditation.


The IE major mainly cultures the students to analyze the machanisms and relations among all kinds of production key elements,however, the IE lab courses construct the simulation practice system and platform which is based on the analyse of the character of the IE courses and the qualities of the simulative software so that we can design the relative simulative lab and conform the simulation practice system which is in accordance with the teaching schedule and the physical experiments.


Aim: The tension of the spinal cord may pose a risk in terms of neurological damage during deformity correction of spine surgeries. Conus medullaris level can provide information about the tension of the spinal cord. However there is lack of information in the literature about the conus medullaris level in idiopathic scoliosis patients. This study aimed to compare conus medullaris levels and spinopelvic parameters among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), tethered cord syndrome with AIS, and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively recruited fifty patients with AIS (mean age 14.3±2.0 years), forty-two patients with tethered cord syndrome with AIS (mean age 13.6±4.8 years), and fifty patients with no spinal abnormality (mean age 14.5±2.4 years). For the evaluation of and comparison of the patients, Risser stage, spinopelvic parameters (Cobb angle, lumbar lordosis angle, thoracal kyphosis angle, lumbosacral angle, thoracal tilt, T1-pelvis angle, sacral slope, sagittal and coronal balance, lumbar tilt, pelvic obliquity, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence), and conus medullaris levels were used. Conus medullaris levels were measured on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted sections, and spinopelvic parameters were measured on lateral whole-spine radiographs. Results: Conus medullaris termination levels were significantly lower in the tethered cord syndrome with AIS group ( p < 0.001) and were not significantly different between the AIS group and healthy individuals ( p = 0.680). No significant differences were observed in the Risser stage, Cobb angle, lumbar lordosis, thoracal kyphosis, lumbosacral angle, thoracal tilt, T1-pelvis angle, sacral slope, sagittal balance, and coronal balance between the tethered cord with AIS and AIS groups (all p > 0.05) . Lumbar tilt, pelvic obliquity, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence parameters were significantly higher in the tethered cord with AIS group (all p < 0.05 ). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the distribution of the conus locations in AIS patients was similar to that in the healthy control group. Lumbar tilt, pelvic obliquity, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence parameters were significantly higher in the tethered cord syndrome with AIS group.


Complex physiologic signals may carry unique dynamic signatures that are related to their underlying mechanisms. Based on non-traditional methods, such as detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and rank order statistics (ROS) of symbolic sequences, and traditional method, such as power spectral analysis, we applied these methods to heart rate variability (HRV) in intensive care units (ICU) in order to determine which indexes are more accurate to help doctors diagnose patients in an ICU more rapidly in the future. Thirty three patients with 27 light cases and 6 serious cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients at hospital in ICU were studied as group A. This group was collected electrocardiograph (ECG) signals lasting around 60 min using an industrial personal computer (IPC). Ten college student volunteers as group B for comparison with group A also provided ECG signals lasting around 60 min using PIC microprocessor technology. It was found that DFA can clearly distinguish pathologic states of AMI patients in ICU in comparison with the healthy group. However, the ROS and power spectral analysis are more sensitive to the status of either AMI patients or volunteers.


The effect of pH on the total protein content and the content of special protein fractions during adsorptive bubble separation was determined. Potato (Solanum tuberosum var. agria) juice was chosen as a model system because of its foaming capacity and its relevancy as wastewater in the starch industry. Two operation modes of the adsorptive bubble chromatography method - batch and continuous mode - were compared with respect to the potential for protein enrichment. All samples were analysed for their total protein content, and two samples in the acidic and alkaline range also via 2D-electrophoresis with respect to their protein composition. It could clearly be demonstrated that special protein fractions were nearly totally enriched into the foam at pH 3 and 9 (i.e. values of pI 3 and pI 9), while only traces of them remained in the residual potato juice. During continuous I-ABS, protein enrichment ratios of up to R=3.36 could be obtained compared to the batch method.


We describe the behaviour patterns, time budgets, diurnal rhythms and spacing patterns of the Harlequin Duck in the pre-nesting period. The study area was on the Lax, a river in northeast Iceland, where the population is at a high density, containing pairs and unpaired males in the ratio 2:1. Birds spent much of their time resting on islands close to the water and dived for food in the fast stretches of the river. Females sat and preened more than males. They also had longer dive times. Agonistic and pre- and post-copulation displays are described. Males were not territorial but guarded their mates vigorously. Females incited their mates and joined them in agonistic encounters. Extra-pair copulation by paired males was not observed and unpaired males spent little time attempting to copulate with females. These mating strategies are discussed in the context of anatid strategies generally. The displays and time budget data are related to those of other ducks that inhabit fast-flowing rivers.


Touristic European cities have been attired to fit within widelyheld stereotypes. The image has been transposed back to the source, and it holds it in place as the appearance of what it perhaps was and which cultural consumption demands that it be now. Thus the trip towards foreseen spaces only arrives at the existing image, making the imagined experience impossible. This article will explore how the Northernborder cities of Mexico – Tijuana, Juarez and Nogales – offer, on the other hand, reality reproduced in images; this shall be preceded by a long preamble that closely explores defensive architectures and neighborhoods.


This essay investigates the impact of a bank's local economic environment that on its overall bank risk. Balance sheet data of Germany's regionally-active savings banks (Sparkassen) and credit cooperatives (Kreditgenossenschaften) is matched with data from regional statistics to construct a dataset spanning the time period from 2000 until 2013. Bank risk is measured by time-varying Z-scores, an inverse measure of default risk. First, cross-sectional results are computed whilst controlling for both macroeconomic effects and time-varying bank characteristics. Second, bank-fixed effects are additionally taken into account. The results are not entirely indicative of an effect of the regional economic environment on bank risk, but do not allow to rule out a relationship either. From a policy perspective, these findings add to the ongoing discussion on the regulatory treatment of small banks. While potentially more risky, local banks in economically disadvantaged, cash-strapped regions act as important providers of funding. Consequently, policy makers face a trade-off regarding the extent of regulation that is seen as disproportionally costly and as a threat to their business by small banks. (Less)


Globalization, information and conflict have fortified the need for gifted workforce in both the creation and made countries as it draws in them to animate their enhancement rate towards higher course. For India, bent upgrade is principal from both cash related and estimation perspective. Subsequently, the present paper attempts to consider the present bent utmost, distinctive philosophies, and troubles before capacity headway exercises in India nearby their answers. It is basic to focus on the headway of the capacities of Indian stir capacity to twist up adequately fit the bill to fit in to the Industry essential. As surveyed it is discovered just 10% of the workforce motivates formal wanting to grapple limit need. In any case, out of the veritable current arranging need of the 22 million work powers, basically 4.3 million of work powers are genuinely preparing formal getting. The examination in like way discovered that both the Government and its extra working environments have gotten a handle on particular measures/practices for the productive execution of the wellness improvement framework in the economy, yet meanwhile faces distinctive uncertain issues/challenges that require fast idea of the system creators. Starting now and into the foreseeable future, limit movement activities of the association should concentrate on these tangles and build up the endeavors in like approach to choose these hindrances for the entire accomplishment of the twisted improvement works out.


The proliferating demands for mobile services propel us to develop more sophisticated techniques to overcome the limitation of the wireless radio resource. With the introduction of cell splitting and sectorization in cellular communications systems, system capacity can be significantly increased. Space division multiple access (SDMA) technology along this line has therefore gained a great deal of attention recently; intensive research on resource allocation for SDMA systems has been undertaken in the last few years. We carry out a more realistic performance analysis for a few resource allocation schemes in SDMA systems and obtain more accurate analytical results for blocking probability.


The article is devoted to the economic training of students in the system of secondary professional education. The requirements for a young specialist in the conditions of market competition (including educational services), the content of Federal state educational standards of the higher vocational education in the economic development and features of modular-competence approach to teaching of students. Analysis of normative-legal acts in the field of modernization of the educational process. In accordance with the fact that training in the system of secondary professional education is practically oriented, proposed a form of active formation at students of economic skills, are considered exercises on the adoption of effective economic decisions of different difficulty levels, the game of economic trainings on development of own business activities and business games.


In this paper we consider a four-dimensional bioreactor model, describing an anaerobic wastewater treatment with methane production. Different control strategies for stabilizing the dynamics are presented and discussed. A general and practice-oriented bounded open-loop control is proposed, aimed to steer the model solutions towards an a priori given set in thephase plane.


By the technique teaching reform experiment of gymnastics obligatory couse of physical education and the comparative study of traditional teaching,the author draws the following successful conclusion of the teaching reform:the competitive thought must be made less important;the technical requirements must be reduced;and the system of technique material of gymnastics obligatory course,based on the comprehensive goal of improvement of thehealth,competition and cultivation of the ability,and on thereality of middle schools,must consist of "quality content","attribute content"and "quantity content".


The COVID-19 outbreak has brought about countless passing and has shown that there is still a ton of work to be finished with information and computerized reasoning. An introduction on general wellbeing standards is first introduced to completely fathom the intricacies of a outbreak with importance to man-made consciousness. Following that, various parts of conclusion and treatment, just as their relationship to man-made reasoning, are talked about, just as an expected expectation of an ideal use of AI in a outbreak. At last, consider the exercises realized and what lies ahead.


Kings' Briefs, under a variety of designations—as Kings' Letters, Orders in Council, Patents of Alms, Letters Patent, Fire Briefs, Church Briefs, Charity Briefs, Commissions, Royal Letters, &c, &c.—have played an important part in the social history of this country, and yet our national historians have been remarkably silent concerning them; as indeed they have been upon many other matters of great social interest. It seems hardly necessary to say that the term "Brief" has several significations. In its more common acceptation it is a short writing or epitome, as an abridgment of a law case, made out for instruction to counsel, or indeed any short statement of facts. But there are "Apostolical Briefs," being letters or written messages of the Pope, addressed to princes or magistrates, respecting matters of public concern.* It is not to these exclusively that we must look for light in the present instance. The word was, in early times, written "Breve," and Cowell, in his Law Dictionary, says, "Any writ or precept from the King was called Breve; which we still retain in the name of Brief, the King's Letters Patent to poor sufferers, for Collection." The general title of "King's Briefs" used in England, is traceable to the fact that these documents, under whatever designation adopted, or for whatever purpose designed, were in later times issued under the direct authority of the sovereign; at first under his personal authority, but later under the authority of the Council, through the Lord Chancellor. But it will be made clear that the Church exercised the right of issuing them, not only prior to, but apparently coeval with the sovereign at one period.


Total length (L T ) and standard length (L S )(mm) were compared to weight M B (g) in the Spottail Shiner, Notropis hudsoniu s (Clinton 1824), in the Western Basin of Lake Erie.  Length and weight relationship (n = 529), length-frequency distribution, and sex ratio were evaluated for tributary habitats and compared to coastal habitats.  The total population had a positive correlation between log normalized L T and M B (y = 3.0902x-5.2289, R 2 = 0.995) and a positive correlation between L S and M B (y=3.1397x-5.0501, R 2 = 0.996). Male Spottail Shiner had a positive correlation between log normalized L T and M B (y = 3.0984x-5.2465, R 2 =0.995,) and a significant positive correlation between log normalized standard length and body weight (y = 3.1551x-5.0775, R 2 =0.996). Female Spottail Shiner had a positive correlation between log normalized L T and M B (y = 3.078x-5.2034, R 2 =0.993) and a positive correlation between log normalized L S and M B (y = 3.1338x-5.0393, R 2 =0.996). Males and females were not significantly different in L T or L S (F-test = 1.020, df = 260, 267, p = 0.437). Sex ratio was 1:1. Spottail Shiner exhibit indeterminate growth and did not exhibit gender influenced growth patterns. Tributary individuals were significantly smaller than coastal individuals (F-test = 0.346, df = 65, 202, p = < 0.001). Male age I individuals ranged from 12-54 mm, age II individuals ranged from 57-99 mm, and age III individuals ranged from 99-132 mm.  Female Age I individuals ranged from 12-48 mm, age II individuals ranged from 53-102 mm, and age III individuals ranged from 102-129 mm.


PRACTICAL ELICITATION METHODS FOR THE VOICE RANGE PROFILE Ann Kolker, M.A. School of Allied Health and Communicative Disorders Northern Illinois University, 2017 Miriam van Mersbergen & In-sop Kim, Co-Directors Voice production is a complex process involving the coordination of various anatomical structures and physiologic systems. The Voice Range Profile (VRP) is an acoustic measure for evaluating voice production that provides information regarding how these structures and systems function together. The present study examined shortened protocols for VRP elicitation to reduce elicitation time and allow for more widespread use of the VRP. Twenty-four singers completed a full VRP based on accepted methods from the literature, and the same participants returned within one to three weeks to complete the proposed short VRP protocol. Results indicate that the new short protocol allowed participants to generate larger VRPs with greater maximum intensities and lower minimum intensities. However, the short protocol also presented challenges for participants due to its dynamic sampling method and for elicitors due to increased cognitive load. Future research directions include generating a new rigid sampling method, using a larger sample size that includes non-singers, including additional measures, examining elicitor cognitive load or comfort, and examining participant comfort.


Paclitaxel (taxol), a microtubule stabilizer with anticancer activity, mimics the actions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on murine macrophages in vitro. Recent studies have shown that the Rhodobacter sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A (RsDPLA) inhibits both LPS- and paclitaxel-induced activation of murine macrophages, and have suggested that LPS, RsDPLA, and paclitaxel share the same receptor site on murine macrophages. To analyze this receptor site, the present study focused on the interactions between LPS, RsDPLA and paclitaxel in the activation of ST2 cells derived from murine bone marrow stroma. The ST2 cells did not express CD14 mRNA. The cells produced IL-6 molecules and expressed IL-6 mRNA in response to LPS, but did not produce TNF and nitric oxide. Paclitaxel induced IL-6 mRNA expression in ST2 cells. RsDPLA inhibited both LPS- and paclitaxel-induced IL-6 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that LPS, RsDPLA, and paclitaxel are recognized by the same receptor complex on ST2 cells, and that the receptor functions without membrane CD14.


The proposal for intervention made in this work is based on the premise of the use of sport as an inclusive and socializing tool. That is why this proposal aimed at secondary education takes its focus of action within the subject of Physical Education (PE). Different research shows that the ideal context is that which encompasses the practice of physical activity, because the classroom environment in PE favours social relations between students to a greater extent than that in which the rest of the subjects are taught and which generally represents a closed space with immovable arrangements for students. Therefore, it is proposed to work on valuessuch asempathy,solidarity, teamworkand social support through a proposal of recreational intervention with physical activities. The intervention will be carried out during a period of 3 months, in the PE classes of a 2nd year ESO class, in which during that hour another group of functional diversity will enter that class to carry out the games and inclusive activities that are proposed. For this intervention, methodological, social and contextual aspects will be taken into account. As a conclusion, it can be said that this type of proposals are necessary to favour real inclusion in today's society.


A total of 58 DNA simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were selected to detect polymorphisms among 28 parental lines of commercial F_(1) hybrid rice used in China. Fourteen of the markers were assayed by using both agarose gel electrophoresis and non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophosresis (PAGE). It was shown that each of the rice lines can be unambiguous distinguished, and great variations on the frequency of polymorphism were observed among the markers used. Similar results were generated by agarose gel electrophoresis and non-denaturing PAGE, while the non-denaturing PAGE had higher resolution, showing feasibility for its application in the variety identification of rice. On average, the probability of distinguishing the rice lines by detection with 12 SSR markers was higher than 99.9%, but markers of higher variation and/or more markers may be required for varieties having high genetic similarity.


For many problems there is only suf£cient prior information for a Bayesian decision maker to identify a class of possible prior distributions. In such cases it is of interest to £nd the range of possible values for the prior expectation for some real valued function of the parameter of interest. Here we show how this can be done when the imprecise prior assessment is based on linear constraints. In particular we £nd the joint range of possible values for a pair of such functions. We also study the joint range of the posterior expectation for a pair of functions.


Denise, a bookkeeper for a small trucking firm in Birmingham, Alabama, wishes she had never heard of Ralph Summerford, CPA. Because of his thoroughness, Denise is facing several years in prison for embezzling $550,000 from her employer. At least she will look good standing before the sentencing judge: Denise spent a great deal of her illegal loot on head-to-toe cosmetic surgery. She blew the rest on a shiny new Lexus, luxury vacations, clothing and jewelry. And, of course, Denise had to have a big house to store all of her finery. Surprisingly, it wasn't the high living that made her employer suspicious. "The owner was going over the trucking company's budget when he noticed Denise's salary was listed at $38,000 a year," said Summerford. "But the business owner distinctly remembered that he had set her pay at $35,000." The owner pulled Denise's personnel file and discovered that someone had altered her pay record. It was obvious to him that no one but Denise would have been motivated to falsely increase her salary. Investigating further, he noticed suspicious-looking wire transfers from the company's bank account. That's when he called in Summerford. "Like a lot of small businesses, the trucking company had very limited accounting controls," said the veteran CPA, now a partner with Dixon Odom PLLC in Birmingham, Alabama. "In this case, the sole division of responsibilities concerned authorizing all the checks. While only the owner could sign checks, Denise did everything else: post the books, reconcile the checking account and authorize wire transfers." Her scheme was simple. After wiring money directly from the company bank account to her own, Denise would post the books, charging the funds transfer to one or more expense accounts. Then, when she reconciled the bank account, she simply would tear up the evidence. Summerford investigated the fraud case, interviewed Denise's coworkers and assembled the documentary evidence including bank statements, wire transfer requests and deposit slips. He then prepared charts and exhibits summarizing the scheme, which he included in a written report to prosecutors. Summerford's work was used to indict Denise for her thefts. "Denise was well aware the owner did not review the bank statements," said Summerford, also a certified fraud examiner. "And since the business was not audited, there was no independent review of Denise's work; yet almost any degree of scrutiny of the bank statement could have prevented this scheme." Summerford said most schemes like Denise's start out relatively small. "But when thieves avoid detection, it motivates them to steal even more," he said. "Many will continue to steal from a small business until it literally runs out of money and goes broke." Although the trucking company didn't go bankrupt, Denise's thefts were extremely costly. Small organizations face a serious fraud problem: Dishonest employees will steal them blind. BIG CONCERN FOR SMALL BUSINESS Small businesses have every reason to worry about fraud. According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners' (ACFE) "2002 Report to the Nation on Occupational Fraud and Abuse," the per-employee losses from fraud in the smallest businesses are 100 times the amount of their largest counterparts. (The complete report can be downloaded at www.cfenet.com.) Thus, this is an area in which CPAs can be valuable consultants to their clients. Most small businesses don't have a need for a CPA to do a full audit; however, CPAs can provide a number of fraud prevention services. * Employee education. CPAs can conduct on-site training for clients in the form of live presentations and/or computer-based education. * Internal control reviews. Reasonable internal controls are critical in a small business. A CPA can review the existing system and make recommendations for improvements. * Cash reviews and reconciliations. …


This work represents preliminary thermal stability results for liquid hydrocarbon fuels. High Reynolds Number Thermal Stability experiments with Jet A and RP-1 resulted in a quantitative measurement of the thermal stability. Each fuel flowed through a heated capillary tube that held the outlet temperature at 290 °C. An optical pyrometer measured the surface temperature of the tube at 12 locations as a function of time. The High Reynolds Number Thermal Stability number was then determined using standards published by the American Society for Testing and Materials. The results for Jet A showed lower thermal stability than similar tests conducted at another facility. The RP-1 results are the first reported using this technique. Because the temperature rise on the capillary tube during testing for the RP-1 fuels was not significant, a new standard for the testing conditions should be developed for these types of fuels.


The article "Microstrip Gasper-Peano fractal antenna for circular polarization applications", which appeared in Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Volume 61:6, DOI 31780, published with an incomplete authors list. It should read as follows: Authors: Hossein Rajabloo, Javad Mandali Jr, Homayoon Oraizi. Affiliations: Department of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. DOI: 10.1002/mop.31969


In the process of China's economic reform,labor relations between employers and workers are changing quietly. To solve the problem in labor relations and to ensure the harmony and sustainable development of society,efforts are made in order to build tripartite labor relations at all levels and to solve new labor relations problems on the basis of joint consultation and dialogue. Although some achievements have been made,judging from the actual effect,the tripartite consultation mechanism has failed to play its due role. It is still not perfect in consultation mechanism construction and often is a mere formality in practice.Hence,it has become an important issue to research on tripartite coordination mechanisms at all levels in our country and,through analysis of the problems existing in the mechanisms,to figure out the improvement measures.


Incurable malignancy is the most common diagnosis of hospice patients, comprising about 80 percent of terminal conditions. Expected survivals of patients with similar diagnoses of locally advanced or metastatic, incurable cancers vary widely. Many patients with incurable malignancies will have prolonged expected survivals either due to effective anticancer treatments or a relatively indolent history of their malignancy. Patients with cancer may be referred to hospice inappropriately without previous consideration of possibly beneficial anticancer treatments. Thus, it is important for the hospice professional to be able to sense when patients should be referred to an oncologic specialist for evaluation for chemotherapy or other cancer therapies. Chemotherapy is rarely considered a "palliative" treatment for most hospice patients, but if effective, it certainly may improve patients' symptoms. Whether it is appropriate to administer chemotherapy in a hospice setting is a controversial issue and one that must be addressed on a case-bycase and hospice-by-hospice basis. This paper will review some specific aspects of "palliative chemotherapy" in the hospice or prehospice patient setting. Palliative chemotherapy in this sense refers to the use of antineoplastic medications to affect the cancer and to reduce the adverse signs and symptoms caused either directly or indirectly by the malignant disease process. The myriad of cancer-related problems can affect any organ system. Health care providers intuitively realize that significant tumor responses to chemotherapy usually are associated with a decrease in malignancy-induced symptoms. A response to chemotherapy should positively affect the patient's quality of life if the treatments are well tolerated.


In a recent paper by Johan Hansson [hep-ph/0208137] it is claimed that the non-appearance of quarks and gluons as physical particles is an automatic result of the nonabelian nature of the color interaction in quantum chromodynamics. It is shown that the arguments given by Hansson are insufficient to support his claim by giving simple counter arguments.


A 2015 consensus paper proposed a unified definition of the early repolarization (ER) pattern based upon quantification of end-QRS notches and slurs in the ECG. In this study we investigated the relationship between end-QRS concave "bite" segments in the vectorcardiogram (VCG) and the consensus ER pattern. We reviewed digital 12-lead ECG recordings from 1561 subjects in whom out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was later witnessed. ECGs were made available by the Copenhagen General Practitioners' Laboratory. The consensus criteria were used to quantify notches and slurs. ER manifestations were divided into 3 types: A) notches only B) notch and slur C) slurs only. An automatic algorithm developed by the authors were used to quantify bites in 3D. 85 of the 1561 subjects (5.4%) fulfilled the ECG consensus criteria for ER. End-QRS bites were present in 100 % of cases for types A and B and in 92 % of the cases for type C. Subjects with ER type A had the highest median bite amplitude with 79 μV, followed by 60 μV for type B and 36 μV for type C. Our investigation of end-QRS morphology in ER suggest the existence of a continuous transition from slurring to notching governed by the size of 3D VCG bites.


CITATION: Sieg, W. & Kruger, T. F. 2011. Oocyte cryopreservation : relevance for the general practitioner. South African Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 17(1):19-20.


Twelve years after its financial crisis in the late '90s, Southeast Asia is back on its feet and is looking to make up for lost ground. To the east, India is flexing its economic muscle for its ASEAN neighbors to take note. To the north, far-flung China, a historical player in Asia and in the world, flaunts its re-entry onto the global stage with Olympic fanfare. In the region itself, the city state of Singapore maintains its status among the developed countries. Indonesia and Vietnam are rapidly moving up the development ladder, while Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam are holding their own. That is the good news. The bad news is that in the rest of Southeast Asia, the economic picture has gotten dimmer. At the same time, the political arena is in much disarray. Cambodia and Laos are at a virtual standstill economically and politically. Thailand is rocked by partisan dissension and the Philippines faces a make-or-break election at the time of writing. Myanmar remains hostage to its generals in an absolute autarchy. Disquieting to many is the large or growing role of the military in the governance of some ASEAN countries. Corruption in Southeast Asia But the real shocker for Southeast Asian sensibilities are the results of a corruption survey done in recent months by the Hong Kong-based Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (PERC). Of 16 investment destinations in Asia, Australia and the United States, the sample of middle and senior business executives gave top ranking in corruption to Indonesia, Cambodia, Vietnam, the Philippines and Thailand in descending order (PDI, 3/10/10). Malaysia was eighth and Singapore the 16th, or the least corrupt. By comparison, India was sixth, China was seventh, the United States was 13th and Australia the 15th. Poverty Plus Political Instability Granted the validity of the PERC survey results, what is it about the five Southeast Asian countries that earns them top billing on the corruption list? Anecdotal evidence has it that graft and corruption are more endemic in countries where poverty still is a major problem, as it is in the first four countries on the list. In the case of the fifth, the culprit appears to be political instability, from which, it should be pointed out, the other countries are not exempt. Which upholds the truism that development is seamless and that economic progress cannot be separate from the political, or vice-versa. Indeed, poverty and political instability appear to make a toxic combination that provides fertile breeding ground for corruption in Southeast Asia. The Link to Development Communication Corruption is a legitimate issue for development communication in its dual role as university discipline and a professional occupation. As a social science, development communication is action-oriented, according to Raul Roman (2005). "The work of development communication scholars," he says, "has always been enthused by a strong rolled-up sleeves sentiment: willingness (often a professional responsibility) to do something, a drive for action beyond mere academic reflection." In the concept of development communication, he contends further, "there is a broad context, a broad topic of interest, and also an overarching sense of purpose, a kind of moral drive." Roman's unusually perceptive observations should raise the morale of practising development communicators and provide some much-needed legitimacy to collegiate units normally found in Southeast Asian agricultural campuses. By their very nature, the latter favour the biological and physical sciences and often regard development communication as a craft or a pseudo social science. Development Communication As Study Coming to academe by way of agricultural extension, development communication in Southeast Asia tended to be associated more with practice rather than with theory. The theory that development communication teachers did lean towards in their teaching and research was either development theory or educational theory, for which their subject matter had a natural affinity. …


This article discusses assertiveness in the workplace and its relationship to organizational leadership. Leaders with low levels of assertiveness may be viewed as too passive while leaders who exhibit extremely assertive behavior can be perceived as too hostile. The author explores assertiveness and its relationship to leader success or failure. Several studies have demonstrated that employees viewed extremes in assertiveness as weaknesses in leaders rather than strengths. The relationship between assertiveness and business success was also discussed.


This article focuses on the problem of human impact on the natural environment and its solution by machine learning methods. The concept of carbon balance is key in assessing climate change on the planet, which is especially important in connection with global warming. The main causes of global warming are associated with anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide as a result of agricultural production, land use and burning of fossil fuels. One of the approaches to mitigate this environmental problem is to estimate the carbon balance based on neural network semantic segmentation of forests of terrestrial ecosystems. The proposed convolutional neural network (CNN) model is based on the U-Net architecture. This architecture surpasses traditional machine learning methods in solving computer vision and pattern recognition problems, and is also quite easy to learn. The input data of the model is a set of satellite images of the forest area. The images were obtained using the Sentinel-2 satellite, which provides high spatial resolution and a large number of spectral channels. A software prototype has been developed to implement the CNN model. Training experiments and calculations on changes in the carbon balance in forests led to the conclusion that the results of the study will contribute to the balanced management of reforestation and carbon deposition.


This article examines a key legal issue related to the integration of system analysis, information management, and decision-making, focusing on data privacy. The study employs a literature review, comparative analysis, and policy analysis to investigate the current legal frameworks, approaches taken in different jurisdictions, and potential solutions. Our findings reveal that inconsistencies in data privacy regulations and challenges in compliance significantly impact stakeholders in these fields. We propose several potential solutions, including the harmonization of data privacy laws, the adoption of privacy-enhancing technologies, and the implementation of education and training programs. Policymakers and stakeholders should adopt a proactive approach and foster international cooperation to create an environment that enables innovation while safeguarding individual privacy rights. This article contributes to the understanding of the legal challenges and implications in the rapidly evolving fields of system analysis, information management, and decision-making.


In ancient times Aristotle proposed that plants derive nourishment from their roots that obtain preformed organic matter. This view was held for more than 2000 years, and ultimately resulted in the humus theory of plant nutrition that was discounted by Sprengel and later by Liebig (Browne, 1944; van der Ploeg et aI., 1999). Agricultural chemistry in the beginning focused on practical observations and experience, and did not have a real scientific basis until over 1000 years after the fall of the Roman Empire (Browne, 1944). Sir Humphrey Davy (1778-1829) used the title "Elements of Agricultural Chemistry" for a book containing lectures he presented before the British Board of Agriculture in 1802-1812. He noted that "Agricultural chemistry has for its objects all those changes in the arrangements of matter connected with the growth and nourishment of plants-the comparative values of their produce is food; the constitution of soils; and the manner in which lands are enriched by manure, or rendered fertile by the different processes of cultivation." In his treatise, Davy listed 47 chemical elements with details on their properties. Elements that were named included Na, K, Ca, Si, Ba, and Mg. He also noted the importance of rocks and parent material in soil formation (Browne, 1944). The Phlogistic period was the time when the humus theory was first proposed by j.G. Wallerius (1709-1785), a Swedish professor of chemistry at the University of Uppsala. This theory stated that plants obtain nutrients from humus-derived extracts (in German Extraktivstoff) that contain water soluble compounds of C, H, 0, and N from which the plants could rebuild more complex plant tissue. From these four elements they could also form, using an internal vital source (in German Lebenskraft and in Latin, vis vitalis), other vital elements such as Si and K (van der Ploeg et aI., 1999). The theory further assumed that while salts and lime


Chinese zero pronoun (ZP) resolution plays a critical role in discourse analysis. Different from traditional mention-to-mention approaches, this article proposes a chain-to-chain approach to improve the performance of ZP resolution in three aspects. First, consecutive ZPs are clustered into coreferential chains, each working as one independent anaphor as a whole. In this way, those ZPs far away from their overt antecedents can be bridged via other consecutive ZPs in the same coreferential chains and thus better resolved. Second, common noun phrases (NPs) are automatically grouped into coreferential chains using traditional approaches, each working as one independent antecedent candidate as a whole. That is, those NPs occurring in the same coreferential chain are viewed as one antecedent candidate as a whole, and ZP resolution is made between ZP coreferential chains and common NP coreferential chains. In this way, the performance can be much improved due to the effective reduction of the search space by pruning singletons and negative instances. Third and finally, additional features from ZP and common NP coreferential chains are employed to better represent anaphors and their antecedent candidates, respectively. Comprehensive experiments on the OntoNotes V5.0 corpus show that our chain-to-chain approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art mention-to-mention approaches. To our knowledge, this is the first work to resolve zero pronouns in a chain-to-chain way.


The title compound, C23H28O2, was obtained from the reaction of acetone with meta-cresol. The molecular structure consists of two identical subunits which are nearly perpendicular to each other. The oxygen-containing rings are not planar and the molecule is chiral. The crystal structure consists of chains of molecules of the same chirality arranged along the [010] axis.


Thrombolytic therapy in STEMI treatment is very extensive and pre-hospital thrombolytic efficacy is widely recognized,but pre-hospital thrombolysis is affected by several factors and need to strengthen multi-side cooperation.With propaganda to the public of STEMI,personnel training of emergency medical service system,increasing of emergency vehicle equipment and thrombolytic drugs and building the green channel between pre-hospital and in-hospital,more patients with STEMI will benefit from thrombolytic therapy.It will reduce the mortality and improve prognosis.


To investigate the effect and mechanism of JinSanE on liver fibrosis induced by exposure to carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) in rats. Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: healthy controls group,CCl4 model group, Chinese herbs group 1, and group 2. Rats exposed to CCl4 were treated with JinSanE starting at the first and fourth week respectively after CCl4.The expression of transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1), Smad3, Smad7 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in liver tissues and their locations in cells were determined by immunohistochemical method.The liver histopathology was observed by an electron-microscope.The content of serum hyaluronic acid(HA) was determined by radioimmunoassay. The expression of TGF-β1, Smad3 and CTGF was decreased and the expression of Smad7 was increased in liver tissues of rats exposed to CCl4 after the treatment of JinSanE(P0.05).The TGF-β1, Smad3 and CTGF,as the immuno-positive reaction signals, were mainly expressed in cytoplasm of fiber septum, while Smad7 was mainly in liver cytoplasm.The cell structure in rats treated with Chinese herbs was normal electron-microscopicaly, fibrous tissue was becoming thin.The content of HA was obviously higher in model group than that of healthy group(P0.01).When compared with the model rats, the content of serum HA was lower obviously in the two groups than that treated with JinSanE(P0.05).[Conclusion] The Chinese herbs JinSanE has protective effect against the liver injury and can inhibit liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 exposure in rats.The mechanisms may be consisted in its ability of down-regulating TGF-β1, smad3 and CTGF,and up-regulating Smad7 in rats.


ABSTRACT Defects in steel reinforcement are critical factors in the evaluation of the service life of reinforced concrete (RC). Steel reinforcement (bar) defects or deterioration may lead to crack propagation and strength decrease in RC structural members. Deterioration also changes the steel magnetic properties; the evaluation of these changes can be investigated by an indirect passive and non-invasive method to locate and quantify defect in RC structures. Herein, a passive magnetic inspection (PMI) method is modified and used to examine its potential as a non-destructive testing (NDT) method for condition assessment of steel reinforcement. The passive magnetic flux density of steel bar with three small holes in three different positions and locations along the bar is measured in the laboratory. A signal processing methodology based on frequency spectrum analysis and filtering is applied to the experimental data, and the results are compared with the numerical simulation. The processed data from the expe...


The recent, a large capacity of telecommunication networks is required in order to it is in proportion to capacity of information communication increase and to satisfy a demand because of the demand about Internet, a multimedia service of internet, Video of internet protocol(VoIP), Audio/Video streaming. As a result, DWDM(Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing)technologies are emerging to be a prevailing the method of solving it without additional optical fiber network building and high-speed equipment. Therefore this thesis proposed the optical filter of fiber/multilayer slab coupled structure combining it to multilayer slab waveguide by polishing the cladding of one side of fiber to design the optical filter having these functions. When a separation distance of fiber and slab was , The optical filter proposed as the simulation result was satisfied with a DWDM filter characteristic with FWHM of 0.1nm on TM mode and TE mode as 32nm polarization independence in a communication window of when center wavelength was each and .


Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common disorder of reproductive-aged women.It is closely associated with thyroid function.Thyroid malfunction can raise certain clinical manifestations,such as menstrual irregularities,infertility,cystic ovarian and metabolism disorder,which may aggravate the pre-existent polycystic ovary syndrome.Moreover,the prevalence rate of thyroid malfunction,mainly caused by autoimmune thyroiditis,increases notably in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Till now,the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome is unclear,which need further investigations.The relationship between thyroid function and polycystic ovary syndrome plays an important role in the prevention and diagnosis of both diseases.


When complexity of control object is increased, the design of fuzzy controller becomes difficult by experts experience. A new design method of fuzzy controller by particle swarm optimization (PSO) is supposed, which can optimize rules and membership functions of fuzzy controller simultaneously. When this fuzzy controller design method is applied to a second order system, the result of simulation improved its validity


Three new dirhodium(II) complexes, [Rh2(μ-O2CCH3)2(O2CCH3)(amp)2]ClO4 (1) (amp = 2-aminomethylpyridine), [Rh2(μ-O2CCH3)2(amp)2](ClO4)2 (2) and [Rh2(μ-O2CCH3)2(amp)2(py)2](PF6)2 (3) were prepared and characterized by X-ray structural analysis except for 2. The first order rate constant of the conversion of 1 to 2 was (2.5 ± 0.1) × 10−4 s−1 at 75 °C in aqueous solution (I = 0.075 (LiClO4), pH = 6.5).


Dissolved H2S is a major environmental factor in hydrothermal vent ecosystems. In a study of adaptations to sulfide by alvinellid polychaetes, the sulfide‐binding capacity of body fluids was examined in Paralvinella palmiformis from northeast Pacific ridges and Alvinella species from the East Pacific Rise. Sulfide concentrations in vascular blood and coelomic fluid of freshly collected animals were notably variable. Separation of P. palmiformis body‐fluid components revealed that most sulfide (ca. 77%) was accumulated in the dissolved fraction. In P. palmiformis, both vascular blood and coelomic fluid could reversibly bind sulfide in vitro with a low affinity, saturating only at high dialysate concentrations (ca. 2 mmol L−1). No sulfide‐binding activity was observed in the vascular blood from Alvinella species. A dissolved protein component of greater than 90 kDa appears to be involved in sulfide binding in Paralvinella, probably a vascular extracellular high‐molecular‐weight hemoglobin. Some sulfide may also adsorb onto a 15.38‐kDa intracellular hemoglobin present in the coelomic erythrocyte fraction. In the absence of epibiotic bacteria, Paralvinella body fluids may function as a sulfide buffer to protect tissues from deleterious effects of sulfide exposure.


historical commentary on the augsburg confession is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the historical commentary on the augsburg confession is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The keynote behind the success of the Institute is the spirit of mutual helpfulness to other members and of disinterested service to humanity. That such a spirit motivates the large number of individuals who cooperate actively in the affairs of the Institute is brought out in the following discussion by President-Elect J. Allen Johnson. To the many members of the Institute who are not intimately familiar with its "workings" this article should be interesting and helpful.


Lumped parameter analysis method is the most convenient way to solute unsteady-state.But the method sets a limit on Bi1.The paper extends the traditional lumped parameter analysis method of unsteady-state.Under the convection boundary 0Bi∞,a mean temperature lumped parameter analysis method is studied and the mean temperature response formula has been established.Taking a sphere as an example,the paper presents the regular pattern of the transient mean temperature value and discusses the numerical analysis.The method for solving the unsteady-state conduction in the paper is more practical than the M.P.Heisler charts.


The present invention relates to a method for producing a metal oxide and mixed metal oxide particles. The method of the present invention, a very high metal oxide yield, comprising the aqueous phase, a metal source such as metal alkoxide, a surfactant, and treating the mixture formed from primary alcohols. The mixture was reacted using a catalyst, to form the metal oxide particles having a desired particle size in the mixture. The method of the present invention is particularly suitable for forming silica particles. Thereafter, by heat-treating the metal oxide particles, for example, it is possible to form a composite molten metal oxides such as synthetic fused silica. [Select DRAWINGS Figure 1


Why was this idea necessary (problem)? The use of digital games to mitigate some of the challenges of engagement and active participation has been successful in some countries.[1] While games are equated with fun, they should also be designed to provide learning opportunities that allow students to reflect, construct knowledge and test hypotheses. However, the design of digital games remains a challenge within course design, and has remained under-explored in historically disadvantaged institutions in South Africa (SA).


The development of the society requires the promotion of the professional qualities of electrical engineers. It is manifested in the need for solid professional knowledge, strong engineering quality, practical ability, and innovative consciousness. Circuit course is a professional basic course that plays a decisive role in the cultivation of electrical engineers. It has characteristics of theoretical abstraction, strong practicableness and a great deal of concept, principle, and formula. The phenomenon of students' superficial and theoretical learning in circuit is widespread. This paper explores the reform direction of Circuit course teaching in the perspective and height of improving the professional quality of electrical engineers. This helps to cultivate electric engineers that are more suitable for the development of modern society. Keywords—electrical engineer; professional quality; circuit; course reform I. ELECTRICAL ENGINEER PROFESSIONALISM Electrical engineer refers to technical personnel who obtains "Registered electrical engineer certificate of the People's Republic of China" and engages in electrical engineering design and related business . It generally can be divided into electrical intelligent engineer, building weak electrical engineer, registered electrical engineer and inverter technical engineer. Among them, the registered electrical engineers are highly valued by the power system practitioners due to their high comprehensive quality and heavy responsibilities. The professional quality of electrical engineers is manifested in solid professional knowledge, strong engineering quality, practical ability, innovation consciousness, and good communication skills which need strong professional and social responsibility. The intelligent design of buildings in recent years is taken as an example to illustrate the professional accomplishment of electrical engineers in practical engineering. There are no comprehensive national code and standard in the field of intelligent building design which makes the work for electrical engineers more difficult. Electrical engineers are required to keep up with the intelligent development of buildings in time to understand the latest development of the field. They should constantly update the knowledge reserve to enrich the mind, master various building intelligence system and technical performance of the new product. At the same time, the electrical engineer must have comprehensive business level and working ability, such as project budget, bidding, coordination of various relations, etc. Only by possessing the above basic qualities can electrical engineers do well in all aspects of electrical engineering deeply, specifically and accurately. As the saying goes, things remain essentially the same despite all the apparent changes. Such tremendous knowledge reserve and capability system ultimately need a very solid comprehensive professional knowledge to rely on. Professional This paper is subsidized by research and practice of higher education teaching reform project in Hebei province (research and practice of hybrid teaching in circuit course centered on the improvement of students' ability, 2017GJJG211), and North China Electric Power University (Baoding) common platform course quality improvement project. 37 2018 2nd International Conference on Education, Economics and Management Research (ICEEMR 2018) Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 182


Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation is a promising technique for the removal of volatile organic pollutants (VOCs). It allows the oxidation of gaseous VOCs into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of semiconductor catalyt and UV light. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) represents one of the most efficient photocatalyst. It is chemically stable, non-toxide and low cost. However, the photoexcitation processes of pure TiO2 is only active in the ultra violet fraction of the solar irradiation and although, TiO2 can treate a wide range of VOCs, the effectiveness of the process for the population abatement is still low. Doping TiO2 with metal ions was considered as an alternative method to improve TiO2 photocatalytic properties. In this study, transparent TiO2 thin films were also prepared using the sol-gel and dip-coating method. Various ratios of doped TiO2 thin films were prepared using Cr3+


This paper presents thermal evaluation of a back-end-of-line (BEOL)-embedded chiplet integration scheme for dense 3D heterogeneous integration, where custom chiplets are embedded into the BEOL of an application processor tier and a monolithic memory device tier. Dielectric thermal conductivity study suggests that 3D ICs might require heat-sinking from multiple sides and, potentially, advanced backend heat spreading using higher thermal conductivity dielectric materials. The impact of 3D integration and cooling architectures on resistive random access memory (RRAM) reliability is quantified by estimating image recognition accuracy over time for a deep neural network hardware model. The worst-case accuracy drop at 10 years was estimated as 82% for air-cooling compared to 2% for liquid cooling.


A medicament is defined as a pharmaceutical product that is obtained or prepared technologically. It should contain one or more active ingredients with other substances with prophylactic, curative, palliative or diagnostic purposes. The pharmaceutical dosage form of oral tablets is relevant given the advantages it presents. The drugs are produced in pre-established doses, doses that are patterns of each pharmaceutical company and may not meet the needs of all patients. There is still a need to reduce the cost or achieve lower dosages that are sometimes found not commercially available and therefore, frequently some patients are instructed to cut the tablets. ANVISA reports that the practice of tablets partition in half is harmful to the patient, especially if the tablet has some special kinds of releasing its contents, in a given period or location in the body, before dissolving completely or whether they have coatings. This work aims to analyze the partition of propranolol and atenolol tablets, and if the process of partition can influence in the uniformity of the drug between the haves obtained after splitting using the employment tablet cutters. These tablets Propranolol 40mg and Atenolol 50mg were chosen due to their common use to control blood pressure. The assay methodology of these active ingredients has been adapted from Brazilian Pharmacopoeia (1988) using spectrophotometry. The results showed that there was a variation in the dosage of atenolol tablets parties from 70-142% and for propranolol half tablets the variation was obtained around 90 and 112% of the half dosage. Propranolol data may have been better since these tablets have a facilitator who is the divisor groove. The data indicate that the partition tablets should not be encouraged because it can lead to loss of efficacy in the treatment.


This study aims to determine the effect of drilling training on increasing the agility of badminton athletes. This study used an experimental method with a one group pretest-postest research design). The population in this study was 25 Makasar badminton athletes. The sample in this study was 25 Makassar badminton athletes with total sampling. Data collection techniques are carried out agility measurements with shuttle run measuring instruments. The data analysis technique used is to use SPSS 23 software to test the Paired sample test. The results showed that there was an effect of drill training to increase the agility of badminton athletes with a value of 0.00 <0.05 and an increase in the treatment given by 65%


We characterize the symmetric Nash equilibria of the symmetric voter participation game with complete information from Palfrey and Rosenthal (1983). To do so, we use methods based on polynomials in Bernstein form to determine how the probability that a voter is pivotal depends on the participation probability and the number of players in the game.


Gauss in 1812, in his celebrated memoir on the hypergeometric series, presented a remarkable formula for the psi (or digamma) function, ψ(z), at rational arguments z, which can be expressed in terms of elementary functions. Davis in 1935 extended Gauss's result to the polygamma functions by using a known series representation of ψ(n)(z) in an elementary yet technical way. Kölbig in 1996, in his CERN technical report, also gave two extensions to ψ(n)(z) by using the series definition of polylogarithm function and the above-known series representation. Here we aim at deriving general formulae expressing ψ(n)(z) as rational arguments in terms of other functions, which will be obtained in two ways. In addition, several special cases are also considered and, as a by-product of our main results, we derive, in a simple and unified manner, all formulae given by Gauss, Davis and Kölbig. Finally, it should be noted that all our results, in view of the relationship between ψ(n)(z) and the Hurwitz zeta function, ζ(s, a), could be rewritten in the representation of ζ(s, a).


This article makes the researches of ethnic politics,politics of ethnic area,subject of ethnic politics included in CNKI as the analysis sample, and it researches those with the way of content analysis and intervention analysis. According to the followings: first, the analysis of time, quantity, category, format on those samples; second, the category and value-orientation of the authors; third, the ways of researching those lectures, it tries to generalize and conclude the quantity and information of lectures analysis on the research of ethnic politics. Besides,it also analysis and explain the short- comings of the concerning single cases and this researches.


Alloy AD730 TM is a recently developed Nickel base superalloy for application as turbine disk in modern gas turbines with improved thermal efficiency. Ingot casting followed by open die-forging and then heat treatments are the main manufacturing steps for the production of parts made of this alloy. Solution heat treatment operations are applied at different stages of the manufacturing in order to ease the deformation processing and/or prepare the microstructure for final heat treatment. In this research, the influence of various solution heat treatment schedules on morphology and distribution of the γ′ phase are investigated and documented. The obtained results will contribute to a better understanding of microstructure evolution of AD730 TM during solution heat treatments. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) is used for the purposes of measurement of temperatures of phase transformations of the alloy. Based on DTA results, three solutionizing temperatures and three holding times were selected for performing and assessing the solution heat treatment process. Optical and electron microscopy were used to study the morphological evolution as well as the coarsening and dissolution of secondary phases at solvus and subsolvus temperatures. The results indicated that precipitate agglomeration and Ostwald ripening are the governing mechanisms during the initial stages and splitting and partial dissolution of γ′ precipitates takes place during subsolvus solution treatments.


Corrosive inhibitors are very diverse use for decrease steel corrosion and them very common in some industries. One of main methods for analyzing inhibitors performance is electrochemical impedance spectrometry (E.I.S) method. Podurization resistance is one of the major parameters for analysis inhibitors performance. Co2 corrosion is one of the big problems of gas and oil industries. And allocated 10% cost of oil barrel production. This kind of corrosion is due to inject water rich of gas to cop or hydro phase rich of Co2 gas in oil & gas shaft. They use corrosion inhibitors for decrease corrosion; Inhibit is substance which added in little value to system until stop or slow chemical reaction. Also more inhibitors of gas and oil industries are nitrogenous compounds like linear and king amines and are barrier for corrosive particles to metal surface by forming one surface protective layer and they called making- layers inhibitors. In this survey we evaluated organic inhibitors performance by ultra-mechanism methods. In this survey investigated polarization resistance for steel by 2 E.I.S, LPR method after and before adding inhibitors and also studied other variables like (temperature and concentration) about inhibitors.


ELECTRICAL PAVEMENT HEATING SYSTEMS FOR SNOW AND ICE CONTROL ARE FEASIBLE BUT ARE EXPENSIVE ENOUGH TO REQUIRE A GOOD WARRANT FOR INSTALLATION. A TEST IN NEW JERSEY IS DESCRIBED. ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS EMBEDDED IN THE PAVEMENT WERE USED IN HIGH TRAFFIC AREAS WHERE BOTTLENECKS DEVELOP WITH SNOW CONDITIONS. THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SYSTEM ARE DESCRIBED. /HSL/


In the recent decades, a considerable improvement has been achieved in the concept of relation between the types of pattern of lines on the fingers and psychiatric disorders. The study was conducted with the aim to find out association of fingerprint pattern and ridge count between schizophrenic patients and normal individuals. In this study we had examined fingerprint pattern and ridge count of right and left index finger. A total of 76 known cases of schizophrenic patients based on DSM-V diagnostic criteria were selected from out-patient psychiatry department and 76 controls were selected randomly from the staff and students of the North Bengal Medical College, Darjeeling. It was observed thatloop pattern is overall commonest in both case and control group but arch pattern is comparatively more common in schizophrenic patients then that of the control group. Significant difference found between left and right index finger ridge counts between the case and control groups and men with schizophrenia had higher mean ridge count for both index fingers than normal men (p <0.05) while for women this difference was not significant.


Leptospirosis is an acute infectious disease in humans caused by Leptospira sp. This disease is classified as a zoonosis that usually occurs during the flood and is commonly transmitted through rat urine. Leptospirosis occurs through humans contact with animals or the environment that have been contaminated by Leptospira. There are wide spectrum clinical manifestations of leptospirosis varying from self-limited to severe disease. Leptospira commonly enters human body  through conjunctiva or injured skin, food or beverage contaminated with urine's rat containing Leptospira. This disease is very difficult to be distinguished from other diseases such as meningitis, malaria, dengue fever, hepatitis and enteric fever. Clinical symptoms of leptospirosis are nonspecific and due to the difficulties in conforming  the diagnosis so that resulted to the misdiagnosis of this disease. Microbiological examination is done by Rapid Diagnostic Test, Microscopic Agglutination Test, Polymerase Chain Reaction test and others. Prevention can be done by inhibiting the entry of Leptospira to human body via implementing clean and healthy life and surrounding environment.


We study the exact bit error rate (BER) performance of convolutional codes with hard decision Viterbi decoding when used over fading additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels with maximum ratio combining (MRC) diversity. Analytical expressions for the bit error rates in Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami-m fading channels are derived. The accuracy of the analytical results is verified by computer simulation.