This research investigated the relationship between leaders' behavior and their support for emerging technology, particularly e-commerce. Branch office leaders, and their personnel, employed by a financial services company, provided the data for the study. Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leader behaviors were measured using Bass and Avolio's (1995) Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. In addition, leaders were questioned as to their perception of the impact of emerging technology on their leadership style and their belief in the importance of e-commerce to the future of the firm. Data analyses indicated that the behaviors associated with transformational leadership were significantly related to support for emerging technology. In addition, an independent samples T test confirmed that leaders who support e-commerce and emerging technology exhibited transformational leader behavior to a greater degree than did those leaders who did not support ecommerce.


EDTA-dissociated cells from freshwater hydrae were found to be good, nonmotile inductors of chemotaxis and phagocytosis in Amoeba proteus. Food-cup formation can take place in the absence of contact between the Amoeba and the ingested cell. Aged hydra cells are not phagocytized but induce the formation of twin pseudopodia.Hydra cells, stained vitally with acridine orange, were used to measure quantitatively the rate of phagocytosis. High concentrations of hydra cells proved to be inhibitory.Our results are in accord with the theory which considers pseudopod induction as a chemotactic phenomenon and which attributes food-cup formation to a local inhibition by the same chemotactic substances, which are present in high concentration in the vicinity of the ingested cell.


This study investigates managing crises in latecomers' catch-up processes. To achieve this goal, we carried out an in-depth case study focusing on the process of developing competitiveness in intel...


An examination of the various factors that have determined the level and growth of the federal debt over the past 40 years, with some perspective on future levels of federal debt.


A double isotope method for simultaneous measurement of red cell and plasma volumes iias been developed for use in the rat. The DFP3 ' red cell life span, method .has also been adapted to use in the rat, involving test and comparison of trireë different injection and sampling techniques. Ti-ie above measurements, plus Fe 59 incorporation, were used in various combinations to obtain data on rats in the following physiological states: normal adult male and female rats, hypophysectomized and acutely starved rats, male and female rats reacclimatizing to sea level after a prolonged exposure to simulated high altitude, and male rats exposed to hyperoxia (50% oxygen) for periods up to 1 month. In none of these conditions of "physiological hypertransfusion" was there evidence for a rapid or random destruction or "erythrolysis "in response to the body's decreased needs for erythrocytes. Male rats reacclimatizing to sea level brought their hematocrits to normal as much by rapid weight gain with a nearly propo.rtional increase in plasma volume as by destruction of red cellS. Females, witli a less dramatic weight gain,; also had a les.s 'dramatic decrease in hematocrit. During the reacclimatization process hematocrit and body weight together were excellent predictors of total red cell volume in the rat, and TLH/LVH ratio was quite constant, Thus there was no evidence for redistribution of erythrocytes or a "fluid shift" during reacclimatization to sea level.


In recent decades Germany and Denmark have constituted survival areas for the classical IR system in an era that has otherwise largely been characterised by the deregulation and disorganisation of industrial relations. From the mid-1990s onwards, however, it has to varying degrees been possible to observe erosive tendencies in these hitherto sturdy fortresses of "organ-ised decentralisation". It is the main thesis of this article that the dualistic German system makes it more difficult for the German parties to adapt the bargaining system so that their overall coor-dination can be preserved even though the required decentralisation is introduced. This thesis is investigated through an extensive comparison of the drivers, contexts and outcomes of decen-tralisation in Danish and German industry over the last 10-15 years. The article concludes that the single-channel representation system and the more homogeneous composition of company sizes in Denmark are core explanations why Denmark exhibits fewer erosive trends than Germany and more signs of renewal in the development towards multi-level regulation.


Movie is one form of mass communication media which often enjoyed by people. The movie Get Out that is directed by Jordan Peele shows about how is the act of white people discrimination towards black people. This research uses the qualitative method with descriptive type and uses Stuart Hall's reception analysis approach. Reception analysis views the active audiences which are the viewers and readers to produce and reproduce the meaning in an impression of a media. The purpose of this research is to describe audiences' interpretation and to know the position of the audiences according to Stuart Hall's three readership position towards the movie Get Out that shows racism. This research uses paradigm of constructivism. The result of this research shows that audiences meaning of the movie Get Out towards the four informants generates different meaning and out of seven scene analysis units studied, the audiences' position in their acceptance of the racism in the movie Get Out is dominated by oppositional position. There are also some informant that are in dominant hegemonic position. Where in each scene contains different racism material.

Keywords: Communication; Reception Analysis; Film


Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moenh) is a technical, food, and fodder crop and can be used for various purposes, given its value, the acreage should be substantially expanded in Ukraine, and the elements of cultivation technology should be thoroughly examined. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the growth regulator on the photosynthetic productivity of sorghum in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The following methods were used in the study: field, measuring and weighing, mathematical, and statistical. The study was conducted in conditions of unstable moisture in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in 2016-2019. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that the use of a plant growth regulator affected photosynthetic productivity, namely, the leaf surface area, photosynthetic potential and net photosynthesis productivity. The indicators for the content of chlorophylls changed. Thus, the assimilation area of leaves reached a maximum with seed treatment and spraying of crops and amounted to 8.56 thousand m2 /ha during the tillering period, during the period of stem elongation – 29.6 thousand m2 /ha, during flowering and full ripeness – 40.32 and 4.97 thousand m2 /ha. Net photosynthetic productivity in the control was the lowest – 4.67 g/m2 , the use of a growth regulator on seeds and crops contributed to its increase by 0.27 and 0.79 g/m2 . With the treatment of seeds and crops, the net photosynthetic productivity was the highest and amounted to 6.12 g/m2 . The sum of chlorophylls a+b had the highest rates during the tasselling period and, depending on the experiment options, ranged from 4.36 to 5.35. The yield of grain and biomass also varied depending on the use of the preparation, and was the highest in the version with seed treatment and spraying of crops (7.1 and 35.9 t/ha). The close relationship between photosynthetic productivity and the yield of sorghum is also determined. The study can contribute to the widespread use of growth regulators in sorghum crops, ensure the full development of plants, and increase grain yields and biomass

https://sciencehorizon.com.ua/web/uploads/pdf/Scientific Horizons_2023_ Vol. 26, No. 5-56-64.pdf


The purpose of this research is to investigate the electrochemical corrosion behaviros of Ti-30Nb-1Fe-xHf and Ti-40-Nb-yHf (x, y= 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt%) alloys in 0.9%NaCl (pH=5.6) and 0.2%NaF (pH=4.0) solutions, utilizing potentiodynamic polarization and immerse tests. After testing, the surfaces of the alloys were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results reveal that the corrosion resistance of Ti-30Nb-1Fe-1Hf alloy is the best among Ti-30Nb-1Fe-xHf alloys studied. Whereas, for Ti-40-Nb-yHf alloys, no significant difference in corrosion resistance can be obtained with different Hf content. The analyses of surface morphologies of the Ti-30Nb-1Fe-xHf alloys after immersed in flouride solution suggest that the corrosion behavior is a selective type. On the other hand, a uniform corrosion mode is responsible for Ti-40-Nb-yHf alloys. The constituents on the surfaces of both types of alloy consist of hydroxide, TiO2 and Nb2O5, but not fluoride.


The NiO-MgO solid solution monolithic catalyst was prepared by the wet impregnation method.Sixty hours partial oxidation reforming tests were carried out at 750 oC.TG-DSC was used to analyze the carbon deposition on the surface of the catalyst.GC and GC-MS were used to analyze the components of biomass raw gas and tar conversion products.The results showed that the addition of O2 could effectively increase the quality of fuel gas.Molar ratio of H2/CO increased by 10% compared with that of dry reforming.But more O2 would decrease the H2/CO ratio.The addition of O2 could also significantly increase the activity and stability of the catalyst.The CH4 conversion reached 99% , which was 5% higher than that of dry reforming.TG-DSC showed that the increase of O2/raw gas ratio could decrease the carbon deposition on the surface of the catalyst.Tar collected from biomass gasification was added in feed raw gas.GC-MS showed that most of the tar was converted to H2, CO and a trace amount of lighter components. The addition of O2 could eliminate the oxygen-containing organic compounds which were difficult to be eliminated in dry reforming.


Background: Ruptured Uterus is one of the worst obstetric catastrophes that cause maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Though surgical incisions on the uterus are thought to contribute to this catastrophe, no work had been done in our environment to find out how scarred uterus had been contributing to uterine rupture in our area of practice hence the need for this work. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving all the cases of ruptured uterus managed at Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Afikpo in Ebonyi State of Nigeria over 10 years. Results: During the ten years under review, the incidence of ruptured uterus was 0.66% or 1 in 151 deliveries. Of the 74 cases of ruptured uterus, 28 or 37.8% occurred in those with scarred uterus. This translates to 1 uterine rupture caused by scarred uterus in every 2.6 cases of uterine rupture. Previous cesarean section was the commonest scar followed by previous uterine rupture and cornual ectopic pregnancy. There was no rupture from a myomectomy scar. Conclusions: Scarred uterus is a significant cause of uterine rupture, every effort must be made to reduce uterine scars and our women should be encouraged to utilize available health services.


VLSI devices consist of highly complicated and dense circuit patterns. Lithography is the process by which the circuit patterns are transferred on to the semiconductor wafer, and current techniques can offer resolutions of around 100nm. However, as demand increases for smaller devices, the resolution offered by current techniques will not be satisfactory. We will look at current techniques, the theory behind them and how they can be improved. We will also consider the other options open to the industry as we move into the 21 st century. The systems under development will lead, in around 2014, to nanometer-scale devices for which we must consider quantum effects.


Wavelet transform analysis offers a new approach to signal processing through its ability to decompose signals in both time and frequency. As such, it is more suited to nonstationary and intermittent signals than traditional Fourier analysis. The first part of this paper provides an introduction to the theory and signal processing properties of both continuous and discrete wavelet transform analysis. An account is then given of the application of wavelet transform analysis to a variety of experimental open channel wake flows. Feature location is undertaken using a continuous wavelet transform, and both turbulent statistical analysis and thresholding of the turbulent signal components are undertaken using a discrete wavelet transform.


Construction project failures are often attributed to the slackness of different project stakeholders. However, it is important to note that the success or failure of construction projects can span from characteristics that could either be internal or external to the project. Avoiding project failures that could lead to premature project closure is pertinent in all projects. Every project's goal is to fulfil its objectives and ultimately reach a successful ending. Therefore, it is imperative to explore the measures that secure project goals and, by extension, lead to success in projects. Thus, this study explores the success factors of construction projects and how failure can be avoided. Data for the study was gathered through a survey of construction professionals in South Africa. The questionnaire survey was designed to collect data pertinent to achieving the aim of the study. The data gathered was analysed using descriptive analysis to rank the measured factors. The results revealed that effectively planning for and managing all the resources needed for a project are the important elements that should be considered for guarding against premature closure of construction projects. Resources encompassing human resources, material resources, machinery resources must be properly and adequately provided for projects to reduce the probability of project flow interruption, thus reducing the risk of closing projects prematurely.


Empirical likelihood estimator is discussed about parameter and distribution function under strong stationary m dependent samples. The estimators are reached and some properties are proved.


In this paper, we prove the existence of solutions for nonlinear impulsive differential equations of fractional order q ∈ (n − 1, n]. The results are based on Altman's fixed point theorem and Leray-Schauder's fixed point theorem.


A set of planar antennas was numerically designed to optimize detection of 340 GHz with Si MOSFETs. A series of MOSFETs monolithically coupled with different types of slot antennas was fabricated and tested as room temperature detectors. The MOSFETs of different sizes were fabricated on a SOI substrate thinned down to 40 μm. We observed a photovoltaic non-resonant detection signal and its strong dependence on the modulation frequency of the incident beam. We found that the signal does not strongly depend on geometrical parameters of MOSFETs.


AFRICAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION Emory University, Credit Union Building, Atlanta, GA 30322 (404) 329-6410 FAX: (404) 329-6433 E-mail: email@example.com Executive Director: Christopher Koch President: Goran Hyden, University of Florida President-elect: Iris Berger, SUNY-Albany Issue: A Journal of Opinion (biannual) Annual Meeting African Studies Review (triennial) ASA News (quarterly) Annual Meeting Papers (photocopy, microfiche or microfilm) History in Africa (annual)


This paper describes a project that aims to visualize the expansion and decline of the Portuguese Empire. Two distinct forms of visualization were produced, one relating to the expansion and the other to the decline. The first makes use of The Lusiads to extract a general tone for the Portuguese achievements. A series of images were produced displaying the analysis. The second visualization is an animated sequence that displays the evolution of the British, French, Spanish and Portuguese empires during the XIX and XX centuries. An animated sequence produced in this context was able to get more than 340 000 views, traducing its viral nature. In this work, great care was given to the aesthetics and design of the visual output from the visualizations. Some design options are stated. Finally, other forms of visualization that merge the previous ones are discussed as a natural evolution for this ongoing project. Index Terms — Digital narrative, Education, Information design, Information visualization, Portuguese history.


Unlike tree indexes adopted in current business, our index is less receptive to scaling up dimensions and scales well with multi-dimensional data. Unsolicited candidates are cut according to distances between MBR points or keywords and also with the best diameter found. NKS queries are useful for many applications, for example, discussing images in social systems, searching for graphic patterns, searching for geolocation in GIS systems, etc. We produce accurate shape as well as approx shape of formula. In this paper, we consider keyword-bearing objects thus baked into a vector space. Keyword-based searches in text-rich multi-dimensional datasets facilitate many new applications and tools. From these datasets, we study queries that require the smallest point categories that satisfy the set of proven keywords. Our experimental results on real and synthetic datasets show that ProMiSH has up to 60 chances of acceleration compared to modern column-based technologies. We recommend a unique method known as ProMiSH, which uses random projection and hash-based index structures and delivers high scalability and acceleration. We are conducting extensive pilot studies to demonstrate the performance of the proposed technologies.


This study aims to present a proposal to the Third Age University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the light of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030. This study is based on a descriptive approach through critical analysis of literature and studies covering third-age universities, and the qualitative research methodology through holding focus groups analyzing the opinions of experts and specialists about the proposal of the Third Age University. The results of the study reached the outlines of the Third Age University in the light of the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The study also reached the most prominent international experiences regarding the Third Age University through: its goals, admission requirements, registration, principles, activities, education programs, administration, and financing. The study recommended activating the proposal to develop adult education programs in Saudi Arabia.

 Keywords: Third Age, Third Age University, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030


Aim and objectives: The aim of the present study was to survey ICUs health care professionals' awareness and practice related to delirium. Background: Despite the current evidence revealing the risks linked to delirium and advances in practice guidelines promoting delirium assessment, health care professionals show little sensitivity towards delirium and evident training needs. Design: The study had a cross sectional survey design. Methods: A sample of 168 ICU health care professionals; including nurses and physicians completed a semi structured questionnaire to survey their awareness, screening and management of delirium in ICUs. The survey took place at 11 ICUs from Academic (University) and Nonacademic (Non-university) governmental hospitals in Mansoura, Egypt. Results: The mean score of delirium awareness was 64.4 ± 14.0 among ICU health care professionals. Awareness of delirium was significantly lower when definition of delirium was not provided, among diploma nurses compared to bachelor degree nurses and physicians, among A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. those who did not attend any workshop/ lecture or read an article related to delirium, and lastly, those who work in an ICU when less than 50% of patients develop delirium. The survey found that only 26.8% of the health care professionals screen for delirium on a routine basis, and 14.3% reported attending workshops or lectures or reading an article related to delirium in the last year. In screening delirium, health care professionals did not use any tools, nor did they follow adopted protocols or guidelines to manage delirium. To manage delirium; 52.4% of the participants reported using sedatives, 36.9% used no drugs, and 10.7% reported using antipsychotics (primarily haloperidol). Conclusion: ICU Health care professionals do not have adequate training or routine screening of delirium. There is an evident absence of using standardized tools or adapting protocols to monitor and manage delirium. Relevance to clinical practice: The present study has the potentials to shed some lights on the variables that might explain the problem of under diagnosing delirium by health care professionals at ICUs in Mansoura.


This paper examines the complex evolution and metamorphosis of the global, continental, and national political economies over the period 1940 to 2010. The data used are Maddison's, mostly for 1940-60, and the World Bank online World Development Indicators database mainly for 1961-2010. Emphasis is given to changes in the rate of per capita economic growth over time, arranged by decades, including the periodicity, amplitude, and phases of short, long, and secular waves. The paper starts by summarizing the stylized long-wave pattern for the 1940s to 2000s, which is then compared with that for the world, seven continents/regions, and 108 countries. Stylized facts about short, long, and secular wave patterns are scrutinized in relation to amplitude, periodicity, deviations from the stylized model and the world wave, plus multiple and erratic waves and patterns.


To examine parental concerns about children at increased familial risk (i.e. high risk) of developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in early infancy.


to the standard Humean story about the extra generality and corroboration accruing to those regularities which can be linked to basic theory. True, as the authors point out in Chapter 2, the Humean has problems in expressing this story without adopting an unempiricist preference for explanations with a specific kind of content. But there seems to be a corresponding hiatus in the necessitarian tale. Although we are told a lot about how natures, powers and so on are related, and are offered examples from extant scientific theories, there is no full account of what distinguishes naturally necessary connections from others; that is, of what it is that might show some discovery to be the uncovering of the nature behind something's powers. So the necessitarian view turns out to be no better than the Humean approach at dealing with the standard problems. This should not be obscured by the authors' insistence that their causal necessities amalgamate both conceptual and natural components. There is no reason why such a portmanteau notion should get us any further than we can go with its parts taken separately. On the other hand, even if the necessitarian does no better than the Humean so far, he does no worse either. Are there any other considerations in his favour? There is an argument for allowing something like conceptual necessity to assumptions constituting the basic level of accepted theory, on the grounds that they have a relative unrevisability which plays a role in constraining and directing theoretical development. But this argument for conceptual necessities is nothing to do with their reflecting natural necessities, and consequently it is not a line of thought Harre and Madden pursue at all. What about natural necessity itself? There is much to be said for mainstream philosophy of science paying more attention to the stratification of scientific theories and to the extra significance attached to explanations in terms of the more basic levels. But this is not yet to say that such explanations involve natural necessities. It does not seem overly parsimonious to resist the elevation of any intuitions we might have about natural necessity into a philosophical distinction, at least until such time as we are shown what other issues this distinction can usefully be related to. There might well exist arguments showing this. Harre and Madden have not found them. David Papineau


Although 2.5D sound field synthesis with a circular loudspeaker array can be used in a 3D sound field, a 2D sound field, instead of a 3D sound field, is assumed for a sound field recording with a circular microphone array. This paper presents a horizontal 3D sound field recording and 2.5D synthesis method used in 3D sound fields with multiple co-centered omni-directional circular microphone arrays and a circular loudspeaker array without vertical derivative measurements. The spherical harmonic spectrums used for 2.5D synthesis are extracted from the recorded horizontal sound pressures and the driving function of a circular sound source is analytically derived based on 2.5D higher-order Ambisonics. The results of computer simulations indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method, in comparison with the conventional least squares-based pressure matching, and 2D cylindrical harmonic analysis-based approaches.


I am writing on behalf of Industria de Diseño Textil, S.A., the parent company of the Inditex Group whose principal activity consists of the distribution of fashion items, mainly clothing, footwear, accessories and household textile products. Inditex carries out its activity through various commercial formats such as Zara, Pull & Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home and Uterqüe, which are managed separately but which share certain corporate functions. Inditex is domiciled in Spain, listed on all four Spanish stock exchanges and, together with its subsidiary companies, comprises the Inditex Group. Each concept's commercial activity is carried out through chains of stores managed directly by companies in which Inditex holds all or the majority of the share capital, with the exception of certain countries where, for different reasons, the retail selling activity is performed through franchises. Most of the 4,907 commercial premises in 77 countries as of October 31 st 2010 through which the Group carries out its retail distribution activities are leased from third parties.


A significant amount of attention has been given to the psychological effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use in sport (Bahrke, Yesalis, & Wright, 1996). However, apart from a few selected case studies, a relative dearth of information has been provided concerning the subjective experience of people using AAS. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of 10 men who were using or had previously used AAS. The participants in this study were weight trainers with primarily a bodybuilding emphasis. All had used AAS at some point in their training experience. The study involved in-depth interviews focusing on the AAS use experience. Nine of the 10 men described their AAS use experience in a very favorable manner. The men perceived increases in muscle mass, strength, peer recognition, social status, sexual performance, and vocational performance. These findings are discussed relative to current AAS educational programs and interventions.


The application of organometallic phthalocyanines as p-type semiconductors in photoconductive and photovoltaic devices is described. The advantages of liquid junction photovoltaic devices are also described. Preliminary voltammetric data exemplifying types of photoresponse for various phthalocyanine derivatives are given. 21 references, 3 figures.


According to the summary of on-site analysis, judgment and disposal about an abnormal sound fault in COMPASS product, it is pointed out the internal weakness exists in the structure and in assemble technic of COMPASS product. All customers of the production should pay attention to this problem. Once the similar phenomenon happening, oheck and dispose should be done quickly to ensure safety of the apparatus and power system.


FRENCH RESEARCHPARIS-- After more than 3 months of hearings, debates, lab visits, and electronic forums, two parliamentary deputies have delivered their diagnosis of France's ailing research effort and a lengthy prescription for reviving it. Their 140-page report, presented personally to French Prime Minister Lionel Jospin on 22 July, broadly echoes controversial reforms previously suggested by France's research minister, Claude AllA¨gre. Like AllA¨gre, the deputies urge that France break down the barriers between universities and public research organizations, as well as boost both the number of young scientists and their research opportunities.


Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of chlorogenic acid,sweroside and loniceraside in Flos Lonicerae.Methods:An HPLC method was applied with a YMC-Pack ODS-C_(18)(150mm× 4.6mm,5μm)column by a gradient elution using (A)acetonitrile-(B)water (1% HAc) as the mobile phase 0 rain (5% A)→13 min(10% A)→30 min (25% A).The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min~(-1).The detection was set at UV 325 nm(0→17min) to detecte chlorogenic acid;UV 237 nm(17→22min) to detecte sweroside;UV 245 nm (22→25 min) to deteete loniceraside respectively.The column temperature was 20℃,and injection volume was 15μL.Results:The recovery of the method was in the range of 101.9%~102.3%,and the compounds showed good linearity (r0.9999) in a detected concentration range.Conclusion:The method is simple,sensi- tive,accurate and reproducible,it can be used to control the quality of Flos Lonicerae.


Subject area

E-commerce.

Study level/applicability

The case study is specific to the marketing demographics of online Indian shoppers and therefore, the inter-relationship between certain customer requirements and design elements and the relative importance of items in the latter may not follow the same pattern elsewhere.

Case overview

At a time when e-commerce is booming in India and when online retailers are posting multifold year-on-year growth, it becomes increasingly important to identify the factors pertaining to online stores which can influence the buying behavior of consumers. This case aims to explore such factors relevant to businesses as well as consumers so as to enable the next generation of leaders in online retail business to gain maximally. It deals with critical design characteristics of online retail stores in India which can prove crucial to their success. These characteristics are manifestations of various customer requirements. Two surveys are conducted to establish a hierarchy of design elements and quantify the inter-relationships between customer requirements and design characteristics. This is followed by leads as to which factors may or may not have contributed toward the declining sales volume of an e-commerce start-up, namely, E-Bazaar.

Expected learning outcomes

The learning objectives of the case include: the study of design characteristics with respect to their relative importance; the analysis of the degree of relationships between the design characteristics and customer requirements; and the interpretation of real-life signs in taking strategic business decisions in the field of e-commerce. The case aims to prepare a new breed of leaders in the e-commerce sector with a good level of relevant business acumen to help them make informed strategic choices.

Supplementary materials

Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email firstname.lastname@example.com to request teaching notes.


This paper presents Jacek Paśniczek's Meinongian logic of fiction. First, it discusses the syntactical and semantical requirements for the logic of fiction. This system is a modification of classical logic and in its basic version is a first order calculus with a proof of completeness. It allows the apprehension of features characteristic of fictional objects – ontological incompleteness and a double structure of predication. Since there is a distinction between predicational and propositional negation in the system, it can also apprehend inconsistent objects. Not only does it make it possible to discuss the phenomenon of fiction within fiction, but also to avoid Clark's paradox. Paśniczek's system is one of the best and most adequate logics of fiction.


The article elaborated three kinds of monitoring methods of CODCr,and the comparison among the potassium dichromate method,fast digestion spectrophotometry and rapid backflow digestion-titration method.ThOD solution at different concentrations was prepared with excellent level pure phthalic acid potassium hydrogen.This paper concluded the advantages and disadvantages of the methods by correlation experimental analysis and parallel experiment analysis.


Human pose estimation is aimed at locating the anatomical parts or keypoints of the human body and is regarded as a core component in obtaining detailed human understanding in images or videos. However, the occlusion and overlap upon human bodies and complex backgrounds often result in implausible pose predictions. To address the problem, we propose a structure-aware adversarial framework, which combines cues of local joint interconnectivity and priors about the holistic structure of human bodies, achieving high-quality results for multiperson human pose estimation. Effective learning of such cues and priors is typically a challenge. The presented framework uses a nonparametric representation, which is referred to as the Keypoint Biorientation Field (KBOF), to learn orientation cues of joint interinteractivity in the image, just as human vision can explore geometric constraints of joint interconnectivity. Additionally, a module using multiscale feature representation with inflated convolution for joint heatmap detection and Keypoint Biorientation Field detection is applied in our framework to fully explore the local features of joint points and the bidirectional connectivity between them at the microscopic level. Finally, we employ improving generative adversarial networks which use KBOF and multiscale feature extraction that implicitly leverages the cues and priors about the structure of human bodies for global structural inference. The adversarial network enables our framework to combine information about the connections between local body joints at the microscopic level and the structural priors of the human body at the global level, thus enhancing the performance of our framework. The effectiveness and robustness of the network are evaluated on the task of human pose prediction in two widely used benchmark datasets, i.e., MPII and COCO datasets. Our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, especially in the case of complex scenes. Our method achieves an improvement of 2.6% and 1.7% compared to the latest method on the MPII test set and COCO validation set, respectively.


Abstract This research analyzed the scientific productions on the emergence of research in Education in the Northern Region and the thematic trends of three stricto sensu graduate programs of the federal and state public universities of Pará, Brazil between the years 2005 and 2021 through bibliographic and documentary research, in which a total of 820 dissertations were analyzed based on thematic and descriptive analysis. As a result, it was found that the emergence of Research in Education occurred after a long journey that culminated in the intellectual militancy of the leaders of research groups in the scientific-academic work. In the scope of graduate studies, a high diversity of themes was identified, with the program PPGED-UFPA (55), PPGED-UEPA (37) and PPEB-UFPA (22) having an absolute higher frequency in the theme of Teacher Education, Mathematics Teaching and Curriculum. Both following historical, socio-political and economic trends of each era in which they were produced.


A 45-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of prolonged fever. Six months prior to this admission, he had been diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and multiple opportunistic infections including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, cryptococcal meningitis and cytomegalovirus retinitis. Once all opportunistic infections were well controlled, stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine were initiated. He also received fluconazole (200 mg/day) and dapsone (100 mg/day) for secondary infection prophylaxis with good compliance. Two months prior to this admission, he experienced a new onset of low-grade fever and significant weight loss. His latest CD4 count was 0 01 9 10/l (3 1%) with an undetectable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 viral load. A full blood count showed anaemia and leucopenia, and a bone marrow biopsy was performed. Haematoxylin and eosin staining of bone marrow tissue revealed multiple tiny clusters of histiocytes containing many small yeast cells (top panels). Gomori methenamine silver staining demonstrated numerous intracellular cup-shaped yeast cells without a mucinous capsule (bottom left). These findings were compatible with P. jirovecii involvement of the bone marrow. Lack of budding helped to exclude Histoplasma capsulatum. Mucicarmine staining was negative, excluding cryptococcosis (bottom right). Because of the patient's history of co-trimoxazole allergy, he was treated with clindamycin and primaquine for 3 weeks; treatment was then switched to dapsone for secondary prophylaxis. The patient's clinical symptoms and full blood cell count gradually improved on treatment. Although the prevalence of P. jirovecii infection among patients with AIDS is quite high, extrapulmonary infection is uncommon. Common sites of extrapulmonary P. jirovecii infection are the lymph nodes and spleen; bone marrow involvement is extremely rare. Extrapulmonary P. jirovecii infection usually occurs in HIV-infected patients who do not receive systemic anti-P. jirovecii prophylaxis (either no prophylaxis or inhaled pentamidine only). Our patient received secondary prophylaxis for P. jirovecii infection; however, dapsone is considered to be a less effective alternative agent than co-trimoxazole.


EGYPTO-SEMITIC STUDIES. By AARON EMBER. AUS den Uberresten des Originalmanuskripts hergestellt und nach alteren Arbeiten des Verfassers erganzt von Frida Behnk, mit einem Vorwort von Kurt Sethe. Leipzig: The Alexander Kohut Memorial Foundation, 1930. Mk. 10. Aaron Ember lost his life in 1926 in saving from his burning house the manuscript of a work on the relation of Ancient Egyptian to the Semitic languages. Of the comprehensive work which he had in prospect the rescued manuscript, damaged and incomplete, was found to deal with only one section, and that a section—unfortunately, perhaps—which had already been largely covered by his earlier publications and those of his pupil Albright, for it treats of the establishment of equations between Egyptian and Semitic words. Fraulein Behnk, to whom the publication of the manuscript was entrusted, has adopted the plan of filling in its lacunae from Ember's and Albright's previous works on the same subject. Thus the book forms as it were an index to the identifications of Egyptian and Semitic roots which have been made, without, however, giving the justification for them, which must be sought in the fuller works to which reference is in each case made. To the old identifications are added a large number of new ones, not covering, however, the Egyptian letters from n to z, the section dealing with which had disappeared.


Objective To investigate the surgical skills and efficacy of secondary implantation of suspension intraocular lens in 46 patients( 46 eyes) with ocular trauma. Methods Subjects of this study were 46 patients who were unable to receive primary intraocular lens( IOL) implantation after trauma. Patients received secondary intraocular lens implantation with either suspension lens or iris supported lens. Position of the IOL,the best corrected visual acuity,intraocular pressure( IOP),cornea,fundus and complications were reviewed and compared between the groups. Results With a median follow-up of 5. 4 months( range 3 ~ 6 months),best corrected visual acuity was better than 0. 5 in 8 eyes( 17. 39%),0. 3 ~0. 5 in 26 eyes( 56. 52%),0. 1 ~0. 3 in 10 eyes( 21. 74%),and worse than 0. 1 in 2 eye( 4. 35%).Generally the best corrected visual acuity significantly improved after the treatment( t = 27. 71,P 0. 01). Conclusion For patients with ocular trauma who are not good candidates for primary intraocular lens implantation,secondary IOL implantation with suspension lens could be an desired option because it provides satisfactory vision recovery.


Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of safflower oil was studied using aqueous ammonium formate as hydrogen donor and palladium on carbon as catalyst in a closed vessel under controlled microwave irradiation conditions. The method offered good selectivity in complete reduction of linoleic acid to monounsaturated acid with a slight increase in stearic acid compared to other reported catalytic transfer hydrogenation methods. Selectivity was achieved by using microwave-assisted CTH with neither emulsifier nor high ratio of water to oil.


This Licentiate thesis is devoted to the study of mapping properties of different operators (Hardy type, singular and potential) between various function spaces.The main body of the thesis consists ...


OBJECTIVE
In the esthetic field, the masseter muscle is commonly targeted by botulinum neurotoxin for facial contouring. However, multiple botulinum neurotoxin injections have been reported to cause muscle fibrosis. Ultrasonography can be useful for clinical consideration in such cases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study presents nine cases of masseteric fibrosis caused by repeated botulinum neurotoxin injections with ultrasonographic analysis of full and partial masseteric fibrosis.

RESULTS
Repetitive botulinum neurotoxin injections resulted in reduced masseter muscle volume, which frequently appeared hyperechoic on ultrasonography. The hyperechoic region was mostly located in the deep and posterior portions; however, in some cases, it was observed throughout the muscle, including the superficial, deep, or both areas.

CONCLUSION
The fibrotic masseter muscles appear hyperechoic, and ultrasonography is necessary to analyze the degree and location of fibrosis. Predictions can be made for cases in which botulinum neurotoxin injections may have less of an effect after ultrasonography. Because muscle fibrosis can be localized, it is necessary to confirm the degree and location of fibrosis before determining the effective area of injection. In clinical practice, muscle fibrosis may be visible in a specific area where blind injections are administered.


BACKGROUND: PIMS/MIS-C involves an innate immune response of the host against a trigger, in this case a virus, which causes hyperinflammation induced by a cytokine storm; this immune response is responsible for the systemic clinical manifestations and cardiac complications. The syndrome has been diagnosed usually between 2 and 6 weeks after infection by SARS-CoV-2; however, many patients have negative PCR (polymerase chain reaction) tests for the virus and positive immunoglobulin tests, suggesting that the syndrome appears in the early stages of convalescence from COVID-19. CASE REPORT: A 15-year-old female patient, previously healthy, with a history of close contact with a relative with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR 15 days before the onset of symptoms. He presented a 5-day history of fever, vomiting, and diarrheal stools; 48 hours later she presented with generalized asthenia, hyporexia and epistaxis. We evidenced elevation of immunoglobin G against SARS-COV-2 and negative PCR. In complementary tests, we evidenced elevation of inflammatory markers (CRP, procalcitonin, ferritin, D-dimer) and BNP; the echocardiogram revealed a condensation process in the pericardium, as well as coronary ectasia. Evolution: After confirming the diagnosis of PIMS/MIS-C, we started treatment with immunoglobulin, prednisone, and acetylsalicylic acid. On the fourth day of hospitalization, she presented diaphoresis and moderate pain in the epigastric region that did not subside; Abdominal CT revealed signs of mesenteric adenitis, which reconfirmed the proposed diagnosis. After completing 72 hours of treatment, and being evaluated again, she was discharged. We prescribed continuance of prednisone treatment and acetylsalicylic acid and 500 milligrams of amoxicillin orally every 8 hours. In addition, we recommended follow-up by the cardiology service one week after hospital discharge. The patient remains without complications after this episode. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic suspicion of PIMS/MIS-C must be present in all patients with characteristic symptoms, under the age of 20 years, with a history of contact with a positive COVID-19 patient and who in most cases will have a positive PCR test or positive serology. Given the multiple and variable clinical manifestations, it is important to take into account the differential diagnoses, especially Kawasaki Disease, whose clinical manifestations this syndrome mimics. Management and treatment depend on the patient's condition, but treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin is generally recommended; most patients respond to a single dose, as in the present case.


Reviews the evidence on early-industrial height cycles and shows why the economic transition put downward pressure on the nutritional status of the European and American populations.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)


The design and synthesis of artificial receptors capable of binding and sensing anions have been widely explored in the field of host-guest chemistry. Herein, a series of acyclic ferrocene-based imidazolium receptors 3a~3e were designed and synthesized. All the receptors were prepared by reactions of 1-(ferrocenylmethylene)imidazole 1 with corresponding dibromides in solvent under refluxing, followed by anion exchanges with NH4PF6. The structures of all the products were determined by IR, H NMR, C NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The crystal structure 3e was confirmed by X-ray crystallography, and it was clear that molecules were linked by C—H...F hydrogen bonds interactions. The interaction between these receptors and various anions was studied by electrochemical measurements and H NMR spectroscopy. The receptors 3a~3e were proven to be highly selective and sensitive to F. H NMR titrations demonstrated that the receptors and anions form 1∶ 1 complex, and the receptors displayed a strong (C—H)...X in anion recognition. Receptor 3c was the most effective receptor to bind with fluoride ion compared to the others.


Objective
To assess the value of thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box (TOX) protein in the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF) .

Methods
Totally, 63 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were collected from Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University between 2003 and 2016, including 30 specimens of suspected MF, 23 specimens of confirmed MF and 10 specimens of benign inflammatory dermatoses. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to compare the expression of TOX among groups.

Results
Twenty-six (86.7%) suspected MF specimens were positive for TOX, 20 (87%) confirmed MF specimens, and 3 (30%) benign inflammatory dermatosis specimens were positive for TOX. The positive rate of TOX protein was significantly higher in the suspected MF group and MF group than in the benign inflammatory dermatosis group (both P<0.05) .

Conclusions
TOX protein was expressed to different extents in the cases of suspected or confirmed MF, and its positive rate was markedly higher in the suspected or confirmed MF group than in the benign inflammatory dermatosis group. TOX protein may act as one of molecular markers for MF.

Key words:
Lymphoma, T-cell; Diagnosis; Mycosis fungoides; Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein


PURPOSE
To model post-operative forces involved in DMEK tissue adherence and bubble management, including the impact of surface tension on graft support, with a view towards clinical applications.

SETTING
Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Glasgow, and James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

DESIGN
Mathematical modelling and computer simulation.

METHODS
Theoretical modelling of biphasic flow and interaction of gas, liquid and tissue within the anterior chamber for static horizontal Scenario A (adherent DMEK with mobile bubble) and dynamic vertical Scenario B (release of bubble due to pupil block following DMEK).

RESULTS
The model assumed incompressibility for both fluids within realistically achievable pressure ranges. Cahn-Hilliard Navier-Stokes equations were discretised through the application of the Finite Element Method.Mathematical modelling and computer simulation showed bubble size, corneal curvature and force intensity influences surface tension support for DMEK tissue in Scenario A.Scenario B demonstrated complex, uneven distribution of surface pressure on the DMEK graft during uncontrolled bubble release. Uneven pressure concentration can cause local tissue warping, with air/fluid displacement via capillary waves generated on the fluid-air interface adversely impacting DMEK support.

DISCUSSION
We have quantitatively and qualitatively modelled the forces involved in DMEK adherence in normal circumstances. We have shown releasing air/gas can abruptly reduce DMEK tissue support via generation of large pressure gradients at the liquid/bubble/graft interfaces, creating negative local forces. Surgeons should consider these principles to reduce DMEK graft dislocation rates via optimised bubble size to graft size, longer acting bubble support and avoiding rapid decompression where possible.


State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For wrongs unconnected with contractual obligations — Connected with legislation — Application of administrative notice abolishing imports quotas in accordance with Franco-Indian Treaty, 1954 — Annulment of notice for excès de pouvoir in absence of appropriate enabling legislation for Treaty — Whether private company suffering loss through application of notice entitled to claim compensation from French State — Treaty subsequently ratified with result that favourable rights of company abolished with effect from date prior to issue of notice — The law of France


Introduction:
 We developed a technique for Stage 1 "Norwood" reconstruction with continuous perfusion of the head, heart, and lower body at mild hypothermia, deemed Sustained Total All-Region (STAR) perfusion.

 Hypothesis:
 We hypothesized that STAR perfusion would shorten cardiopulmonary bypass and procedural times and expedite post-operative recovery, due to lack of cooling and re-warming and decreased total body ischemia.

 Methods:
 Between 2012-2019, 65 infants underwent Norwood reconstruction at our institution. Those who underwent prior pulmonary artery banding were excluded, yielding a cohort of 51 infants who underwent primary Norwood reconstruction. Outcomes for patients who underwent Norwood reconstruction using STAR perfusion (n=21) were compared to those who underwent Norwood reconstruction with conventional techniques using regional cerebral perfusion only (n=30). STAR perfusion was performed with innominate artery cannulation as well as olive tip cannulas inserted into the opened descending aorta and native aortic root to provide continuous perfusion of the head, heart, and lower body throughout the procedure (Figure), under mild hypothermia (32-34°C).

 Results:
 Norwood reconstruction with STAR perfusion was associated with shorter median CPB times vs. conventional perfusion techniques (161 vs. 226 mins,p<0.0001) and elimination of myocardial ischemia (0 vs. 90 minutes cross-clamp time,p<0.0001). Total operative time was reduced by over 3 hours (319 vs 514 mins,p<0.0001), likely in part due to improved post-bypass coagulopathy. Improvements in post-operative recovery were noted with STAR perfusion, including more rapid normalization of serum lactate (19.3 vs. 26.5 hours, p=0.0009), lower peak serum lactate (8.6 vs.10 mmol/dL, p=0.04) and fewer days to chest closure (3 vs. 5 days, p=0.04). Survival to hospital discharge (95% vs 83%, p=0.38) was similar between groups.

 Conclusions:
 Norwood reconstruction with STAR perfusion is a safe technique that eliminates ischemic time to the heart and lower body and allows for the procedure to be performed at warmer temperatures. We found evidence of reduced CPB and operative times, as well as improved hemostasis, end-organ function, and post-operative recovery with this technique.


Objective To validate the protective role of danqi yigan granule in antagonizing chronic fibrosis of rats liver caused by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4). Methods Hepatic fibrosis was induced via hypodermic injection of 40% CCl4(5 mL for the first time,3 mL per 3 days) for 9 weeks.The control group was treated by olive oil.Danqi yigan granule was administered at a dose of 2.5,5 or 10 g·kg-1. Results Obvious liver damage and chronic fibrosis were observed in the CCl4 group.The liver function were improved in three doses threatment of danqi yigan granule.Collagen in the liver tissue markedly declined at a dose of 5 or 10 g·kg-1,and serum hyaluronic acid also decreased obviously at a dose of 2.5 g·kg-1.Furthermore,the histopathological lesion was significantly allayed in ruangan granule groups. Conclusion Danqi yigan granule played an important role in preventing chronic fibrosis of rat liver.


The excepted statements from the 1992 US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) public hearing on Depo-Provera all urged the USFDA to approve its use as a contraceptive agent. The Nurses Association of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists noted its effectiveness safety and usefulness as a contraceptive agent. The American Medical Association called for its approval to fill a gap in the American contraceptive drug armamentarium. This sentiment was echoed by the Chair of the Womens Health Committee of the American Medical Womens Association who noted that Depo-Provera is tolerated by women who have failed in their attempts to use oral contraceptives. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists reported that it has advocated approval since the 1970s. The Association of Reproductive Health Professionals pointed to the need for a long-acting injectable type of contraception such as Depo-Provera. The National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Reproductive Health sought approval to give US women the widest possible range of contraceptive options.


In this paper, mathematical expression and method for computing diffraction parameter as a function of line of site percentage clearance is presented. The concept of line of site percentage clearance scaling factor is introduced. The scaling factor  makes it possible to determine the diffraction parameter at different of line of site percentage clearances when the value of  diffraction parameter is known at one particular line of site percentage clearance. Particularly, for Fresnel zone n and  line of site percentage given as P_(c(x,n)), the diffraction parameter , V_((x,pc))  is given as V_((x,pc)) =(((√2 n)P_(c(x,n))  )/100). Also, for any two line of site percentages given as P_(c(x,n)(1)) and P_(c(x,n)(2)), the  line of site percentage clearance scaling factor is given as (P_(c(x,n)(2))/(P_(c(x,n)(1))  )). If the diffraction parameter at P_(c(x,n)(1))  is given as V_((x,pc1)  ), then  the diffraction parameter at P_(c(x,n)(2))  is given as V_((x,pc2)  )=V_((x,pc1)  ) (P_(c(x,n)(2))/(P_(c(x,n)(1))  )). The mathematical expressions and method  are applied to a 3 GHz  microwave link with path length of 38887.6 m. The results obtained demonstrated the validity of the mathematical expressions and method presented in the paper.


WOMEN IN UNION ▪ Recipients are women in need, with children, residing in the Greater Cincinnati Area who are urgently in need of financial assistance to continue and complete their education VETERANS IN UNION ▪ Available to veterans, active duty, spouses, and dependants ▪ Reduces per credit hour cost for any undergraduate program ▪ Can be used to obtain one UI&U degree Options to manage the BALANCE of remaining tuition and fees


Determinism, automation, multi-element, multi-model, multi-computer, multi-user support and neutrality (DAMMMMN) are in our opinion important qualities of domain-specific modeling, and are enablers for highly automated workflows and collaborative modeling. An improvement in any of these qualities eases the development of software using domain-specific models, and enables the design of more sophisticated Model-based Engineering Environments (MBEE). In the context of current programmatic interfaces for domain-specific models, we see room for improvement, and propose Essential Object Query (EOQ) as a generic interface between domain-specific (meta-)models and their users. This interface integrates ACID transactions, complex commands, model queries, reflection abstractions, mass data manipulation, object serialization, automation, notifications, change tracking, and a model database, such that a programmatic decoupling between models and their usage is achieved. Our interface is agnostic with respect to the programming language(s) and domain-specific modeling framework(s). A prototype is implemented with Python on top of EMF's meta-model ECORE. An example of a signal routing application in an architecture model of a cyber-physical system is used to demonstrate our interface and to evaluate its impact on the individual DAMMMMN qualities.


In this paper, I employ anonymous New York City yellow taxi records to infer variation in interactions between insiders of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (New York Fed) and insiders of major commercial banks around Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meetings. Taxi rides between the vicinities of the New York Fed's and the major commercial banks' buildings serve as indicators of meetings at those institutions, and coincidental drop-offs of passengers picked up around those institutions serve as indicators of offsite meetings. Cieślak, Morse and Vissing-Jorgensen (2016) posit systematic leakage from the Federal Reserve around FOMC meetings along unofficial channels, and, in line with that hypothesis, I find highly statistically significant evidence of increases in meetings at the New York Fed late at night and in offsite meetings during typical lunch hours.


Li Zhi's "childlike innocence "as the core content of the literature thought not only affects the Ming and Qing literature and the May Fourth New Literature,at the same time has a profound impact on contemporary literature.Mainly for children's narrative point of view to show the natural innocence of the life state,to praise the natural human with desire narration.Re-understanding of The value of Li Zhi's literary thought and inherits and carries forward the reasonable factors,to advocate literature return and promote the popularization of this literature development of the popularity of literature development as well as the rich of the literature spiritual content has important implications.


In the modern world, human resources development, and effective territorial organization of economy are closely connected with the cities. The cities where human development success are concentrated are influencing not only the settlements near those cities, but also social and economic condition of whole region and country. It is very important for researchers to study in detail, on the one hand, the role of cities in territorial development, on the other hand, the life safety of the natural and technological systems and patterns of economic development. Thus, given article deals with the theoretical issues of ensuring innovative development of urban areas. We made analysis of theoretical conclusions of scientists such as J. Boudeville, N.D. Kondratiev, M. Porter, etc., who studied issues of spatial development of urban areas. The possibility of applying the theoretical concepts related to city geography for cities in Kazakhstan was considered.


This paper presents and analyses a simple algorithm for setting an adaptive timeout value at a source Host for end-to-end retransmission on a packet-switched connection. The algorithm allows the recipient Host to acknowledge arriving data in either original transmission order or out-of-order. The time out at the source Host is determined from current estimates - using exponentially weighted moving averages - of the mean and variance of successive acknowledgement delays. We show that when these delays are random variables forming certain stationary or non-stationary stochastic processes, the ensuing timeout gives a near-minimum retransmission delay, subject to some specified limit on the amount of unnecessary retransmission. This property is illustrated for a simulated sequence of acknowledgement delays obtained from loop delay measurements.


In this investigation, the dielectric behaviors of three ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) belonging to a homologous series have been revealed in the frequency range of 10 Hz–10 MHz. FLCs used in this study are three-ring calamitic LCs, namely ([Formula: see text])-4-(((4-(octan-2-yloxy)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenyl 4-([Formula: see text]-octyloxy)benzoate, ([Formula: see text])-4-(((4-(octan-2-yloxy)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenyl 4-([Formula: see text]-decyloxy)benzoate and ([Formula: see text])-4-(((4-(octan-2-yloxy)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenyl 4-([Formula: see text]-undecyloxy)benzoate. The polarizing optical microscopic and differential scanning calorimetric results confirm that these compounds, synthesized as per the known synthetic steps, show not only a ferroelectrically switchable chiral smectic C (SmC*) phase over a wide thermal range, but also other mesophases such as blue phase-I/II (BP-I/II), chiral nematic (N*) and unknown smectic (SmX) phases. Several essential dielectric parameters of the FLC phase have been measured at different temperatures. The relative permittivity has been measured with the variations of temperature and frequency. Besides, the dielectric loss and tan [Formula: see text] have been measured. Different dielectric relaxations have been calculated and explained at the molecular level. The systematic measurements revealed a strong anomaly, and crossover of relative permittivity values for the FLCs has been determined at selective frequencies between 1 kHz and 20 kHz. Strong dielectric anomaly/fall for the response function infers the involvement of collective response of dipolar assembly confined to ferroelectric Weiss domains.


In recent years, atmospheric pollution caused by air fine particulate matter(PM2.5) happens frequently in most areas of China, which has seriously affected the human body health and industrial production and thus received extensive concern form the whole society. This paper reviews the research progress on the source and harm of air fine particulate matter pollution and control strategies. The primary particulate matter and secondary particulate matters, largely produced by human activity, are the main sources of PM2.5. When people are constantly exposed to air polluted by PM2.5, the human respiratory system, cardiovascular system, nervous system and immune system are jeopardized badly. In addition, PM2.5 could cause a decline in the atmospheric visibility, which will affect the normal production and life. According to the current status of PM2.5 pollution, comprehensive suggestions for China's PM2.5 pollution control are put forward.


Association of Meloidogyne incognita and onion in the Valle de Rio Negro and Neuquen, Argentina. Association between Meloidogyne incognita and onion, cv. Sintetica 14, was observed in south of Argentina. Histopathology studies of galled roots showed that this cultivar is susceptible to the nematode.


The chromosomal I-lactamase and outer membrane proteins of Enterobacter cloacae were examined to determine their relative contributions to multiple antibiotic resistance in this organism. Mutants altered in I(-lactamase expression, whether derived in the laboratory or recovered from patients treated with one of the new ,-lactam antibiotics, were found to have no detectable alterations in outer membrane proteins. Derepression of ,I-lactamase in these mutants was associated with high-level resistance to multiple I-lactam antibiotics, while loss of inducible ,-lactamase (i.e., production of basal enzyme levels only) was associated with acquisition of susceptibility to many ,-lactam antibiotics, including cephalothin. In contrast, alteration in outer membrane proteins was associated with only moderate-leVel resistance to P-lactam antibiotics. However, this included resistance to such drugs as amdinocillin and Sch 34343, which were unaffected by derepression of P-lactalnase. Resistance to chloramphenicol and tetracycline also accompanied changes in outer membrane proteins. Although the outer membrane proteins of various strains of E. cloacae were similar, there did appear to be some major strain-to-strain variations. Thus, it appears that alterations in both 13-lactamase and outer membrane proteins can affect the susceptibility of E. cloacae to many antibiotics. However, alterations in P-lactamase alone are sufficient to produce high-level multiple 3-lactam resistance in this organism.


The importance of small scale industries in Iran's economy is being increasingly recognised. That the economy can grow faster in 21 st century depends on expansion and improvement of SSI functioning. Because SSIs play a vital role in job creation and innovation, the development of modem SSIs has been one of the most significant and characteristic features of industrial development (Iran Small Industries and Industrial Park, 2003). Of course, increase in the number, production, employment and export of SSIs over a period of time emphasise the role played by small enterprises in the country. A comparison of the sector's performance during 2004 and 2005 indicates a growth of 23 per cent of the total export, 20 per cent of the manufacturing output, 3 5 per cent indirect investment, 18.4 per cent value added and 4 per cent in employment creation. In addition, the SSIs have emerged as the most dynamic sector of Iran industrial economy accounting for over 80 per cent of the industrial sector.


SUMMARY Four individuals in a single family affected with maxillofacial dysostosis are reported Maxillary hypoplasia, delayed onset of speech, and poor development of language skills without associated hearing loss are the main characteristics of the syndrome which is transmitted as an autosomal dominant. Cephalometric analysis and speech and hearing evaluation of our patients confirmed the above findings. Maxillofacial dysostosis is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterised by maxillary hypoplasia, delayed onset of speech, and poor development of language skills without associated hearing loss.


Melatonin is an endogenous chronobiotic that demonstrated its analgesic potential in an array of experimental and clinical studies. It proved efficient in fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, back pain and various types of headache. The level of evidence supporting melatonin's analgesic properties in treating migraine and cluster headache is the highest. This review provides a summary of main papers currently available about the use of melatonin in the treatment of primary headache disorders of various types. It discusses possible mechanisms of melatonin analgesic action and prospects of its use in combination therapy of headache.


In this work, a family of four new trigonometric Bernstein-type basis functions with four shape parameters is constructed, which form a normalized basis with optimal total positivity. Based on the new basis functions, a kind of trigonometric Bézier-type curves with four shape parameters, analogous to the cubic Bézier curves, is constructed. With appropriate choices of control points and shape parameters, the resulting trigonometric Bézier-type curves can represent exactly any arc of an ellipse or parabola. The four shape parameters have tension control roles on adjusting the shape of resulting curves. Moreover, a new corner cutting algorithm is also proposed for calculating the trigonometric Bézier-type curves stably and efficiently.


Experiments were carried out at 1175-1350°C to study the phosphate capacity of CaO-CaCl 2 slags and the sulphide capacity was calculated according to the correlation between the two capacities. At 1200°C the logarithm of the phosphate capacity increased from 24.5 to 26.5 with increasing CaO mole fraction from 0 to 0.22 in the slags and it decreased with increasing temperature. Sulphide capacity increased both with increasing CaO mole fraction and temperature. A good linear correlation was found between slag carbonate capacity and phosphate capacity as well as sulphide capacity. Optical basicity was used to evaluate the property of the CaO-CaCl 2 slag in the present study. The value of optical basicity of CaCl 2 is established as 0.63. The correlations of optical basicity with above mentioned three capacities were found to be linear


Provided is an apparatus for cleaning an inkjet print head and an inkjet printer having the same. The apparatus for cleaning the inkjet print head includes a cleaning plate spaced apart from the inkjet print head with a cleaning area interposed therebetween, the inkjet print head ejecting ink through a nozzle; an electrode part allowing residual ink remaining at an end portion of the nozzle to be moved outwardly of the cleaning plate; and a power supply part electrically connecting the inkjet print head to the electrode part.


Flow field simulation of WPC/supercritical CO2(WPC/Sc-CO2) composites flowing through an extrusion foaming die with different die dimension was performed by FEM software Polyflow,and the effects of foaming die dimension on the cell nucleation of WPC/Sc-CO2 composites were investigated.It was found that increasing the capillary length of the foaming die had little effect on the pressure drop rate and the distance from cell nucleation point to die exit.By decreasing the capillary diameter of the foaming dies,a large pressure drop rate was created,and the cell nucleation point location moved toward the die exit.


In this paper, using the Helmholtz wave equation and the tunneling time of a photon through an index of refraction barrier, the reflection delay time and reflection coefficient calculated and analytical expression for these quantities are introduced. It predicts that, the reflection delay time and coefficients depends on the refraction index, the thickness of barrier, the incident angle, and the incident wave frequency. Using these relations, we obtain the light penetration depths as well as horizontal shifts for reflection component of incident light to interface of two media. Our results completely describe the nature of Goos-Hanchen shifts in planar optical slab waveguides as a common device in optical integrated circuits (OIC). Also, the experimental data and our prediction completely close together.


The Canadian Standards Association document CSA-8806, "Design of and Construction of Building Components with Fibre Reinforced Polymers" is introduced. This standard addresses not only the design of new buildings, but also retrofit and strengthening of existing building components. The approach taken of the development of the standard is outlined, the information and decisions pertaining to design/retrofit provisions and principles are summarized, and the material testing methodologies are touched on. The standard covers the following six subject areas: basic limit states design principles, material testing procedures, design provisions for reinforced and prestressed components, repair and retrofit of existing components, strengthening earthquake deficient elements, and site preparation and construction procedures.


Trust management is introduced into cloud computing to solve security risks existed in cloud multilayer services.Quantified cloud computing trust model is built for users to compute the reputation value of a cloud service provider based on historical information,recommendations from other users and related providers.Weighting factors of these elements are calculated based on similarity,popularity,etc.So that the reputation value can be real and objective.Experimental results show that this model can assist user in making right decisions.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To artificially introduce microorganisms effective for wastewater treatment into activated sludge to stably maintain and fix them, and perform wastewater treatment using the obtained activated sludge. SOLUTION: A method for introducing effective microorganism to activated sludge comprises: the process A of treating the activated sludge with enzymes; the process B of adding at least the effective microorganisms to the activated sludge obtained by the process A; and the process C of treating the activated sludge with ultrasonic waves. It is preferable that microorganisms having an effect of stably maintaining the effective microorganisms in the activated sludge is added together with the effective microorganisms in the process B. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT


ix List of Figures xii List of Schemes xv List of Tables xvi List of Abbreviations xvii Publications arising from this Thesis xxii CHAPTER


Purpose – Conventional Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) may lead to wrong decisions in terms of a company's financial objectives. Thus, the aim of this paper is to develop an improved approach to prioritizing failures within the procedure of the FMEA.Design/methodology/approach – First, the current "risk priority number" (RPN) being used within the FMEA is developed. Second, a case study is conducted in cooperation with an automotive supplier in order to test the applicability and benefits of the new approach.Findings – By implementing the cost‐oriented FMEA, quality management can be improved. In order to decide on improvement actions, costs arising from faults detected by the customer, costs of faults detected within the boundaries of the company and costs associated with false positive inspection results should be included in the evaluation of potential failures. This case study confirms the benefits of the new approach.Research limitations/implications – In order to implement this modified FME...


The boundary of a cell is the interface with its surroundings and plays a key role in controlling the cell movement adaptations to different environments. We propose a study of the boundary effects on the patterns and waves of the rhythmic contractions in plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum, a tractable model organism of the amoeboid type. Boundary effects are defined as the effects of both the boundary conditions and the boundary shape. The rhythmicity of contraction can be modulated by local stimulation of temperature, light and chemicals, and by local deformation of cell shape via mechanosensitive ion channels as well. First, we examined the effects of boundary cell shapes in the case of a special shape resembling a tadpole, while requiring that the natural frequency in the proximity of the boundary is slightly higher and uniform. The simulation model reproduced the approximate propagated wave, from the tail to the head, while the inward waves were observed only near the periphery of the head section of the tadpole-shape. A key finding was that the frequency of the rhythmic contractions depended on the local shape of cell boundary. This implies that the boundary conditions of the phase were not always homogeneous. To understand the dependency, we reduced the two-dimensional model into a one-dimensional continuum model with Neumann boundary conditions. Here, the boundary conditions reflect the frequency distribution at the boundary. We described the analytic solutions and calculated the relationship between the boundary conditions and the wave propagation for a one-dimensional model of the continuous oscillatory field and a discrete coupled oscillator system. The results obtained may not be limited to cell movement of Physarum, but may be applicable to the other physical systems since the analysis used a generic phase diffusion equation.


Henoch-Schoenlein purpura (HSP) is a vasculitis of the small blood vessels with clinical presentation of a multi-organ involvement syndrome at variable expression in derma, intestine, articulations and kidney. Firstly identified by Heberden, Schoenlein described the purpuric and articular manifestations and Henoch the gastrointestinal and renal features. The combination of various systemic and renal symptoms leads to apparently different clinical entities and often overlaps the autoimmune diseases. The difficulty of correctly interpreting the frequent Henoch-Schoenlein purpura: The most common vasculitis in children with severe renal involvement


IntroductionAt the present moment, artistic gymnastics has a very high training level proved by the increase of sports mastership, the development and rivalry of competitive programs complexity, sports mastership that reaches virtuosity, improvement of components that provide the training of high classification gymnasts. These remarkable progresses develop in conformity with the trends of performance sport and its specific particularities, using modern didactic technologies of learning process guidance (Vieru, 1997; Arkaev, Suchilin, 2004; Gaverdovsky, 2007; Potop, 2014).Biomechanics of women's gymnastics is a conscientious rendering of fundamental skills and/or movements in gymnastics, with the principles of biomechanics applied to them (Gerald, 1980). In terms of biomechanics (Cretu, Siman, Barbulescu, 2004; Potop, 2007), artistic gymnastics includes a great variety of movements that enable the performance of a large range of connections and combinations; the gymnast must master her body under unusual conditions, to overcome her own weight, the weight of her segments and of the whole body, also the effects of gravity (internal and external forces) (Potop, 2014, p. 13).A women's artistic competitive floor routine will include a variety of linked tumbles, leaps and jumps joined together with choreographed dance movements (Readhead, 2011, p.51).By its rich and extremely varied content, the floor is the longest event of high dynamism and spectacularity. The complexity of the somersaults with twist is given by the full twists involved by this element, namely one twist around the transverse axis and the other executed at the same time around the longitudinal axis, in different planes. According to the Code of Points provisions (FIG, 2013), the content of the routines on the floor is characterized nowadays by the high difficulty and complexity of the acrobatic connections. Among the composition requirements for the execution of somersaults with longitudinal rotation, the gymnasts must execute a twist of minimum 360 °. The creation, learning and improvement of the exercises on floor involve a hard, intense and long-standing work (Vieru, 1997, p.99).According to the International Code of Points l (FIG), the routines on floor are divided into several groups of difficulty (A, B, C, D, E, F and G), having 5 requirements per groups of elements: artistic tumbles, pirouettes, forward or side somersaults, back somersaults and final (acrobatic elements of min. value C); for the indirect or direct connection of the acrobatic elements, observing the connection principles, a bonus of 0.1 p. or 0.2 p. is granted. Double back somersault comprises two full rotations in one take-off and it can be performed in tucked, pike or even stretched body position (Readhead, 2011, p.53). Double back somersault belongs to the group of difficult elements as per the Code of Points FIG, 5.102 (5.402 - double tucked, pike has the value D - 0.4 points; 5.502 - double tucked, pike with 360° twist has the value E - 0.5 points and 5.802 - double tucked with 720° twist H - 0.8 points).Current concerns in the scientific research on biomechanics issues during floor routines as per Cretu, Siman, Barbulescu (2004, p.18) are shown in most studies focusing on the flipping off, landing and characteristics of these ones in back somersaults especially (Hwong, Seo, 1990). The mechanics of the flipping off of the floor before the somersault and the contribution of different body segments in the total angular momentum involve the angular momentum during back double somersault and the kinematics of the gravity center as per Bruggmann (1993), the implications of spring technique with round-off flick at the flipping with somersault and the relation with the maximum height reached and also the improvement of the angular momentum as per Knoll (1993), the characteristics of the flipping off and landing after double back somersault (Geiblinger, Morrison, McLaughlin (1995); the action of arms and floor reaction forces as per Knight, Wilson and Hay (1978). …


ABSTRACTThis article addresses the changing nature of the business conducted in the aerospace/defense industry. The challenges of efficiently using technology and balancing technological advances with cost-competitiveness are discussed in relation to recent global political and cultural events. The need for a workable technology planning approach is discussed along with specific activities that aerospace defense firms can take in developing their new approach to conducting business.


PURPOSE: An environmentally-friendly and functional sliding window is provided to prevent fall accidents by installing an insect screen between an outer window and an inner window. CONSTITUTION: An environmentally-friendly and functional sliding window comprises a window portion(1), frame portions(2), an insect screen(3), and a rainproof roll screen. The window portion is inserted into the frame portions to be slidable. The window portion comprises outer and inner windows(11,12). The outer and inner windows comprise first and second outer windows(11a,11b) and first and second inner windows(12a,12b), respectively. The frame portions are installed in an opening of a building. Each frame portion comprises a sliding window frame(21) and a window frame insulating wood portion(22). The window frame insulating wood portion cuts off outdoor air. The insect screen is arranged between the outer and inner windows and cuts off insects. The rainproof roll screen is arranged between the outer and inner windows and cuts off rainwater when the outer window is opened. [Reference numerals] (AA) Elevation


ABSTRACT The perchloroethylene (PCE) coal refining process has been investigated for its process feasibility, operational reproducibility, organic sulfur selectivity, process efficiency, minimization of residual chlorine by steam stripping and process optimization. It was found that some coals result in a better organosulfur extraction than others. It was also confirmed that the PCE extraction process was a hybrid system of chemical reaction and physical solvation. It was further established that the coals giving a higher organosulfur extraction contain some naturally available ingredients, which promote the extraction process. Coals giving a much lower organosulfur extraction lack these species. This paper focuses on demonstration of the process feasibility of cobeneficiating both types of coals, together. In this novel process, both types of coal are blended together in fixed proportions and subjected to the PCE process. This process of cobeneficiating coals is industrially significant because of its co...


3D printed composites is a relatively new and untested market in the composites industry. 3D printing in general is becoming a widely used manufacturing method because of its ease, versatile capabilities, and consistency. Recent improvement in 3D printing enables 3D printing of composites fibers in any given direction. In this study, continuous carbon fiber onyx samples were manufactured using Markforged X7 3D printers. Samples with three different fiber orientations were manufactured to determine all elastic properties. The results show that while the properties are lower than high strength CFRPs, there is high potential for the use of 3D printed composites upon improving the matrix properties as well as the bonding between fiber and matrix.


Almost every country across the world has felt the repercussions of the pandemic of disease termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).  A recently published article points to a method of prevention and prophylaxis of COVID-19 through the use of anti-malarial drugs such as the 4-aminoquinolones:  chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, based on their mechanisms of action against SARS-CoV-2.  This report aims to explore the correlation between COVID-19 cases and countries where malaria is prevalent using statistical means.  It is hypothesized that countries where malaria is endemic will have few cases of COVID-19 since these countries use the 4-aminoquinolone anti-malarial drugs for prophylaxis. Statistical analysis demonstrates that the numbers and incidence of COVID-19 cases and COVID-19 related deaths are substantially lower (multiple-fold lower) in countries with the highest prevalence of malaria.  The difference between both the COVID-19 incidence rate and the COVID-19 mortality rate in malaria prevalent countries compared to COVID-19 prevalent countries is statistically significant (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively). This study provides further evidence that anti-malaria drugs may prove essential to breaking the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and preventing COVID-19 and COVID-19 related mortality.  As the pandemic continues to evolve and doctors and researchers across the globe try to attenuate or stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the medical community should not overlook the potential role of the 4-aminoquinolones anti-malarial drugs, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, and 8-aminoquinolone anti-malaria drugs, tafenoquine and primaquine, as a prophylaxis.


Krishi Vigyan Kendra are the grass root level vocational training institutions designed for bridging the gap between the available resources and technologies at one hand and on the other hand application for increased production. For assessing this the present study was conducted to know the socio-economic status and knowledge and their impact on 90 trainees of K.V.K. Aligarh. Out of 90 trainees, 20 women from Kalupura Gram Panchayat of Jawan block and 70 women from Barotha Gram Panchayat of Dhanipur block were selected. Descriptive type of research design was used. Based on nature of data, percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation and t-test were used as statistical measures. It was concluded from the findings that most of the farm women belonged to the age group of 25-35 years, upper caste, educated up to primary level and married. Majority of farm women belonged to joint family, had family members up to 9 and having family income of Rs. 3000 and above. Majority of the farm women reported neighbours as local source of information. Maximum of farm women informed that the programme of food preservation was held at the K.V.K. centre. Majority of farm women reported that off campus training was provided by K.V.K. centre. Mean score of impact regarding K.V.K. was found to be more among the farm women aged upto 35 years, belonged to lower caste, literate, acted as head of the family, joint family having 10 and above members in the family, having income more than Rs. 3000 per month, and neighbours as the local source of information.


This article examines the construction of pre-competitiontraining based on dosing the training load of young hockey players at the initial stageof training.


Objective To summary surgical experiences.carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.Methods 150 were treated by patial laryngectomy,240 by total laryngectomy.Only 15 were not treated by neck dissection.Results The 5-year survival rates were 82.1%,83.6%,68.1%,55.6%;83.3%,84.2%,53.1%,42.6%for I II III IV partial and total laryngectomy respectively.The lymph metastasis rates were 52.5%,8.43%,35.1% for corrosive,nodule and corrosion-nodule types respectively.The average rate was 37.4%.Conclusion We recommend partial laryngectomy.For neck lymphoid metastasis cases,we should give them bilateral dissection. For all corrosive carcinoma cases,we should give them dissection.For preventing the complications,we must improve the operation methods.


Arthur's 'El Farol Bar Problem' (Arthur (1994)) is a metaphor of a complex economic systems' model based on interaction and it is perfectly suited for the multi-agent simulation framework. It is a limited resource model in which agents are boundedly rational and where no solution can be deduced a priori. In this paper we discuss in particular the implementation of the model in NetLogo, a multi-agent platform introduced by Wilensky (1999). Our aim is to translate Arthur's model described in natural language into a workable computational agent-based tool. Throughout the process of setting up the tool we discuss the necessary assumptions made for it's implementation. We also conduct simulations to illustrate the model and to show that the design of the tool is appropriate.


This article compares the organization and practices for software reuse in integration‐oriented software product lines (SPLs) and open source software projects. The main observation is that both approaches are successful regarding large variability and reuse, but differ widely in their practices and organization. To capture practices in large open source projects, we describe an open compositional model, which reflects their more decentralized organization of software development. We capture key practices and organizational forms for this and validate these by comparing four case studies of this model. Two of these studies are based on published SPL case studies, for the other two we analyze the practices in two large and successful open source projects based on their published developer documentation. Our analysis highlights key differences between the practices in the two open source organizations and the more integrational practices used in the other two cases. Finally, we discuss which practices are successful in which environment and how the current practices can move towards more open, widely scoped and distributed software development. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A reconfigurable circular-ring patch antenna with pattern and polarization diversities is proposed. The reconfigurable antenna has a simple two-layer structure with three PIN diodes mounted on it. The circular-ring patch is printed on the upper layer. An open-ended microstrip stub is introduced on the lower layer with the purpose of impedance matching. By switching on/off states of the PIN diodes, the antenna can be reconfigured to have conical radiation or broadside radiation. Besides, the antenna achieves vertical polarization (VP) for conical radiation mode and provides two orthogonal linear polarization for broadside radiation mode. The overlapped impedance bandwidth for the three modes is 2.35-2.64 GHz. The antenna shows the advantages of simple structure, easy fabrication and low cost, suitable to be used in wireless communication systems.


In this paper we study the pricing problem of derivatives written in terms of a two dimensional time{changed Levy processes. Then, we examine an existing relation between prices of put and call options, of both the European and the American type. This relation is called put{call duality. It includes as a particular case, the relation known as put{call symmetry. Necessary and su-cient conditions for put{call symmetry to hold are shown, in terms of the triplet of local charac- teristic of the Time{changed Levy process. In this way we extend the results obtained in Fajardo and Mordecki (2004) to the case of time{changed Levy processes.


This researchoriginated fromthe factthat the learning skillsin make a material of art in the elementary schoolis only regardless withtheassessment of the resultswithout regardless the process how the material of art was made. The problem can repair by using themodel ofdirect instruction. Directinstructional modelis amodel oflearning whichstudents are taughtwithdemonstrations, exercises andassignedgiven the opportunityto make something. This research used qualitative and quantitative approach. The type of this research is action research class with two cycles, consisting of preparation, implementation, observation and reflection in every cycles. The results showed that model ofdirect instruction can increase students' ability to making masks in fifth class. The result for the preparation in first cycle is 80, and for the second one is 95. The increase for teacher activities is 77.5 and 92.5. The increase for students' activities is 67.5and 88.5. Assessmentof studentsin the first cycleandsecond cyclealso increasedwhere theaverage value of68.54studentsin the first cycle, increasing to 82.97in the second cycle. It can be concludedthat thedirectteaching modelto improvestudents' skills inmakingmasksin classVSDN 12KotoHilalang Kabupaten Agam. Kata Kunci : pembelajaran keterampilan; pembelajaran langsung


Despite the appeal and the tremendous potential to realise benefits, the implementation of IT Service Management (ITSM) initiatives is hindered by the difficulty in quantifying benefits and measuring performance. Although a phenomenal adoption of ITSM frameworks, particularly ITIL, is observed, it is not accompanied by standardisation of ITSM performance measurement. A standardised performance measurement framework is required and the research project described in this paper is an important step in addressing that need. The objective of this paper is to provide an analysis of the performance measurement of IT service management. The findings of a recent survey are presented and a preliminary organising framework for ITSM performance measurement is developed. Using Balanced Scorecard perspectives the benefits and challenges of ITSM performance measurement and reporting are analysed and categorised.


To provide more accurate ice cloud microphysical properties, the multi‐layered cloud retrieval system (MCRS) is used to retrieve ice water path (IWP) in ice‐over‐water cloud systems globally over oceans using combined instrument data from Aqua. The liquid water path (LWP) of lower‐layer water clouds is estimated from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR‐E) measurements. The properties of the upper‐level ice clouds are then derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements by matching simulated radiances from a two‐cloud‐layer radiative transfer model. The results show that the MCRS can significantly improve the accuracy and reduce the over‐estimation of optical depth and IWP retrievals for ice‐over‐water cloud systems. The mean daytime ice cloud optical depth and IWP for overlapped ice‐over‐water clouds over oceans from Aqua are 7.6 and 146.4 gm−2, respectively, down from the initial single‐layer retrievals of 17.3 and 322.3 gm−2. The mean IWP for actual single‐layer clouds is 128.2 gm−2.


Abstract : A general method is illustrated for obtaining L(2) bounds for nonlocal problems by using known bounds for corresponding strictly differential problems. The method is applied to obtain L(2) and pointwise bounds for perturbed second order parabolic and fourth order elliptic problems. (Author)


Internationalization is a useful strategy for gaining firm-specific technological advantages especially during periods of technological discontinuity as the pharmaceutical industry illustrates. The antibiotics revolution in the 1940s saw laggard US firms scrambling to gain capabilities in antibiotics. The possibilities of non-chemical routes to new drug discovery in the 1990s saw Indian generic drug manufacturers attempting to develop new drug discovery capabilities. This article compares the leapfrogging strategies adopted by US and Indian firms and shows that in both periods internationalization strategies were central to the technological strategies of both groups of firms. Copyright 2009 , Oxford University Press.


Purpose: To present a case of the acquired Brown syndrome caused by scleral buckling Methods: A 58-year-old man presented with floaters in his right eye which had developed 20days before. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with a retinal tear at the location of 2 o' clock was diagnosed. Radial scleral buckling was performed. Ten days after surgery, he was unable to elevate his right eye in adduction, and right superior oblique muscle overaction was presented. Results: Acquired Brown syndrome caused by scleral buckling has not been documented in Korea to our knowledge. Therefore, we report this case with review of related literatures.


An informative function integration system is operated in communication equipment, and comprises an interface creating module and an interaction control module, wherein the interface creating module is used for creating a user interface comprising an icon indication area and a function option area, and creating indication icons linked with a text application program, an E-mail application program, a notepad application program and a template application program of the communication equipment in the icon indication area, so that the text application program, the E-mail application program, the notepad application program and the template application program are integrated into an information application program; and the interaction control module is used for controlling a function interface displayed in the function option area corresponding to one indication icon according to operation of a user on the indication icon displayed in the icon indication area when the information application program is started. The invention further provides an informative function integration method.