In 1969, Steven Carter published the first account of how an English teacher, in his case a college composition instructor, could augment the teaching of English through music. Carter used The Beatles to teach writing and to enhance his students' study of "common rhetorical elements of voice, tone, structure, [and] continuity" (228), reporting that students were motivated and engaged by the activities.Since John, Paul, George, and Ringo rocked Carter's classroom back in 1969, many other teachers and scholars have written about variations of the same basic idea-using popular music in the service of teaching English. The goals of such approaches are broad, ranging from simple motivating or initiating events such as connecting a song to a piece of literature in the curriculum to conducting and writing a formal rhetorical analysis of a popular song. Music and adolescence go hand in hand, while English class and adolescence admittedly coalesce with less frequency. Beginning with Dan Donlan in 1974 and in each decade since, teachers have shared uses of music in the pages of English Journal. Ernest Morrell and Jeffrey DuncanAndrade wrote in a 2002 English Journal article about their use of hip-hop music with their Los Angeles students, to date the most-cited EJ article concerning the use of music in teaching, according to Google Scholar. Brock Dethier's book about the poetry of rock lyrics, From Dylan to Donne: Bridging English and Music, was a follow-up to a 1991 English Journal article, "Using Music as a Second Language."This has been a career-long passion for both of us, and from the time we were student teachers to our current work-Chris in English teacher preparation and Nathan teaching high school English- we've kept music in our classrooms. We've had students informally and formally analyze songs, connect characters in books to songs, freewrite to music, identify literary elements in song lyrics, and purposefully connect songs to literature as part of the act of reading. While music is a shape-shifting force in our teaching, there are truths revealed about students when music is part and parcel of the teaching of English: interest, engagement, and motivation lead to student investment in projects that far exceed their weight in the grade book.Recent work with visual and performing arts organizations near where we work and live proffered a different perspective on using arts in school and caused us to rethink our approaches to teaching English with music. This isn't to say that how we-or others-i ncorporated music in our teaching didn't help students relate to everything from Romanticism to personal narrative writing; it did. This is to say that in light of new learning, our previous approaches squarely fell in the camp of arts-enhanced curriculum. Akin to the sources referenced above, we used music to enhance-unpack, enliven, augment , expand, amplify, intensify-the teaching of English.Let us explain. One such approach that illustrates what we consider good arts-enhanced curriculum is The Soundtrack of Your Life (Goering), a twist on the personal narrative that asks students to connect the important people, places, and events of their lives with songs, an assignment that we both used with high school students and that Chris used with preservice teachers each year. The project was wildly successful with our students, the one assignment that 100 percent of them completed. They were motivated to engage with music and were willing to complete an activity-a personal narrative-that surely some would have otherwise loathed. We used the activity to learn more about students as individuals and as writers at the beginning of the school year, and several have since confessed that it was the longest piece of writing in their schooling experience. In developing narrative writers, we used music as a propulsion agent to help them explain connections by quoting or paraphrasing song lyrics, to develop self as character, and to develop stamina and fluency in their writing. …


OKP is a typical production pattern by which products ordered within a specific product domain can be developed and produced. The main characteristic of OKP enterprises is indefinite variability of product and production plan, which prolong production lead time. Traditional MRP system draw up a production plan after the design of the whole product is completed, which result in delay of delivery time in OKP enterprises because the design of customized components will postpone the beginning of drawing product plans. The variability in plan can be partly controlled by fixing parts of components or parts of their product. Product platform is a good approach to constitute and manage a common framework for similar productspsila design and manufacture. A product platform management system (PPMS) and a network plan development model (NPDM) are introduced and integrated into MRP system to form improved MRP system in which PPMS form and manage modules of product and NPDM decide the time of input and output of modules. As an illustration, the approach is applied in an OKP enterprise for improving their production efficiency and profitability.


Background: Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease is an autosomal dominant prion disease. The clinical features include ataxia, dementia, spastic paraparesis and extrapyramidal signs. Methods: We report a new large Italian family affected by Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease. Results: The four generation pedigree includes 11 patients. The mean age at onset ± SD was 41.4 ± 16.2 years. Mean disease duration to death in four patients was 5.5 ± 1.7 years. Two clinical patterns were evident: cognitive impairment with scarce neurological features or ataxia followed by cognitive impairment. Molecular analysis showed P102L mutation in PRNP gene. Conclusion: Three Italian families have been reported to date. The variable phenotype has already been reported, and does not appear related to the codon 129 polymorphism.


J Thorac Dis 2020;12(9):4602-4605 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd-2020-50 With the increasing availability of computer tomography (CT) scans and proven efficacy of low dose CT for lung cancer screening in high risk groups (1), more and more small lung nodules are being picked up. Up to 20% of lung nodules between 8 to 20 mm size are malignant (2), and early detection and treatment provides an opportunity for curative resection. Recently, sublobar resection has regained popularity as increasing evidence have shown that sublobar resection of stage Ia non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) provides similar overall survival compared to lobectomy (3-5). Uniportal video thoracoscopic thoracic surgery (VATS) has also been shown to improve postoperative pain, shorten hospital stay, and has non-inferior 1 year survival (6,7). The prerequisite of these successes, however, is accurate localization of small pulmonary nodules, so that adequate margin can be attained during sublobar resections, and the difficulty of nodule palpation through a single intercostal space during uniportal VATS can be circumvented. As the future of thoracic surgery becomes increasingly minimally-invasive, there is a surging need for hybrid operating room (HOR) to accurately and efficiently localize small pulmonary nodules for subsequent resection (8). Since the late 1990s, clinicians have attempted to localize small lung nodules pre-operatively using CTguided hookwire/microcoil insertion or dye injection, which are typically done in a CT suite by radiologists, followed by patient transferal to the operating room for resection. However, this tedious process has a high chance of complications, including pneumothorax requiring chest drain insertion (up to 2–4%), hookwire dislodgement during transfer (up to 3.7%) (9), and dye diffusion during the long interval time between localization and surgery. Therefore, early pioneers attempted to combine radiological suites and operating theatre to streamline the process, giving birth to the idea of HORs. Several models have been reported, for instance multi-detector CT (MDCT) (definition FLASH CT; Siemens, Washington, DC, USA) (10) and mobile O-arm CBCT (Medtronic Japan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) (11). The former still carries the risk of wire dislodgement during patient transfer despite the MDCT and operating table being in the same room, while the latter has a much higher radiation exposure and time-consuming manual adjustment of O-arm centre. On the contrary, C-arm CBCT (e.g., ARTIS zeego; Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany) is superior to the above two systems in several aspects. It has an open gantry design that allows flexibility during lesion targeting, and is capable of performing circumferential scanning around the surgical table, thus no patient transfer between localization and surgery is required (12). Additional navigation software are also integrated to the system, for example the iGuide and PURE which offers a user-friendly interface for localization procedure, such that even surgeons can competently perform the procedure after receiving appropriate training (12). Editorial


INTRODUCTION
Medial and pertrochanteric fractures of the femoral neck occur commonly in patients with bone weakness due to osteoporosis or osteomalacia. Combined bilateral hip injury is much rarer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
The case of a Turkish woman with bilateral fractures of the femoral neck due to secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by nutritional vitamin-D 3 deficiency is described and compared to 80 cases of bilateral hip fractures mentioned in English and German literature.

RESULTS
Until the late 1950's the most common reason for simultaneous bilateral femoral neck fractures was convulsive therapy of psychosis by drug or electroshock without use of relaxants, followed by seizures of other origin. Primary and secondary bone diseases are the most common reason for two-fold spontaneous bilateral fractures of the femoral neck.

CONCLUSION
At the time of first pain radiological findings are often normal. In this situation MRI, isotope bone scanning or additional chemical diagnostics have proved to be useful. The medical regulation of the bone disease is of highest priority. On account of the pain, bone stability and deformation, conservative and operative therapy such as osteosynthesis or THR has to be performed.


Mineral deficiencies cause several health problems in the world, especially for populations consuming cereal‐based diets rich in the anti‐nutrient phytate. Our aim was to characterize the phytate‐degrading capacity of the yeast Pichia kudriavzevii TY13 and its secretion of phytase.


Magnetic stimulation has proven to be effective in diagnostics and treatment in many clinical applications. In these applications, two types of pulse configurations are utilized: bi-phasic and mono-phasic. The former is mostly applied to nerves with high thresholds of depolarization or lying deep within tissue structures, while the latter is used to excite peripheral nerves. In this paper, the results of applying bi-phasic and mono-phasic pulses and their influences on the compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) are discussed. The experimental variables are: coil current rate of change (di/dt), coil type (Figure 8 and circular coils), and coil current direction.


The translocation t(11:22)(q24;ql2) can be identified in its classical or variant form in approximately 90% of cases of Ewing's sarcoma (ES) and peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). In this tumor group in which the histopathologic diagnosis is often one of exclusion, the cytogenetic demonstration of this translocation has become an invaluable positive diagnostic marker. With the recent cloning of the breakpoint regions of the t(11;22), molecular genetic approaches to the detection of this translocation have become possible. By Southern blotting, the position of the breakpoints on chromosome 22 has been found to be tightly clustered within a 7-kilobase (kb) fragment of the genomic DNA, within a gene designated EWS. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of an EWS complementary DNA (cDNA) probe in detecting the t(ll;22) in Southern blots of EcoRl- or HindlU-digested DNA extracted from cases of ES and PNET. We also compared the results of the molecular and cytogenetic analysis with the expression of the ES cell surface antigen MIC2, as demonstrated by immunoperoxidase staining with the monoclonal antibodies 013 and HBA71. Twenty-three specimens were studied, including 18 ES and five PNET. Of 16 cases with clonally abnormal karyotypes, 14 (88%) showed a typical or variant t(ll;22). Rearrangements were demonstrated within the EWS gene with the EWS cDNA probe in 20 of 23 specimens (87%), including all of the 14 cases, as well as in one case that displayed clonal numerical chromosome abnormalities only. The MIC2 antigen was expressed in 19 of 20 cases (95%) including all three cases lacking EWS rearrangement The sile case that did not express MIC2 did how ever display a variant t(11;22) and EWS rearrangement; hence, our findings illustrate the importance of combining diagnostic modalities in the complete evaluation of this group of tumors furthermore southern bolt detection of ews rearrangement appears to be a highly reliable test for the presence of the t(11;22) and is likely to be as specific for the diagnosis of es or pnet as the translocation itself. The availability of diagnostic application


Laboratory, field and semi-field experiments have been carried out on the predatory mites Kampimodromus aberrans, Amblyseius andersoni, Typhlodromus pyri and Phytoseius finitimus in order to optimize biological control strategies against phytophagous mites in apple orchards. The first experiment concerned the augmentative releases of K. aberrans in organic and conventional apple orchards. The most frequent insecticides used in organic orchards were pyrethrins and spinosad, whereas neonicotinoids, OPs and IGRs were used in conventional orchards. K. aberrans releases were successful and predatory mites were significantly higher in released than in control plots. Moreover, populations were high in organic orchards compared to conventional orchards. Amblyseius andersoni was naturally occurring in all orchards. In 2010, no effect of K. aberrans release and orchard management were observed on A. andersoni populations but in 2011 A. andersoni population densities were low in released plots compared to control plots. In organic orchards located at Spresiano releases were made on two cultivars, i.e., Florina and Golden Delicious. In both 2010 and 2011 releases, K. aberrans population densities were higher in release than in control plots of both cultivars. K. aberrans population increased during the three years on Florina but not in Golden Delicious orchard. On the latter A. andersoni population densities were lower in released than in control plots. In conventional orchards K. aberrans did not establish probably because of a series of non-selective insecticide and fungicide treatments. However, the use of spinosad was associated to a decline of predatory mite populations in organic orchards.
The second experiment considered interspecific predation among K. aberrans, A. andersoni, T. pyri and P. finitimus. All four predators fed with heterospecific larvae were able to survive some weeks laying a number of eggs. A. andersoni consumed more T. pyri and P. finitimus than K. aberrans larvae and its fecundity was higher on the first two prey species. A diet based on T. pyri larvae was associated to the highest conversion rate of food into egg biomass; longevity was higher for predatory mite females fed with K. aberrans larvae. K. aberrans preyed more P. finitimus than T. pyri and A. andersoni larvae and its fecundity resulted higher on the first species. The conversion of food into egg biomass did not show precise trend while the longevity of K. aberrans resulted higher when fed with A. andersoni. Typhlodromus pyri consumed more P. finitimus and K. aberrans than A. andersoni larvae and laid more eggs on the first two species. Phytoseius finitimus preyed more K. aberrans and T. pyri than A. andersoni larvae but fecundity was not affected by prey; predatory mite females fed with A. andersoni larvae were more efficient in converting food into egg biomass but those fed with K. aberrans larvae lived longer. In terms of predation rate and fecundity, A. andersoni seems to be advantaged over T. pyri, T. pyri over K. aberrans, and A. andersoni, K. aberrans and T. pyri over P. finitimus. The performance of A. andersoni, K. aberrans and T. pyri in terms of predation rate and fecundity proved to be better of P. finitimus larvae than on other prey. The low prey consumption and fecundity of the latter suggest that is disadvantaged in interspecific predation. The comparison between pollen and prey diets confirmed the positive effect of pollen on the fecundity of all four predatory mite species.
 The third experiment deals with the effects of insecticides, frequently applied in apple orchards, on K. aberrans in field and laboratory conditions. Insecticides including chlorpyrifos, thiacloprid, acetamiprid, lufenuron, indoxacarb, methoxyfenozide and etofenprox were tested. In field studies etofenprox was the most detrimental pesticide to predatory mites. It caused dramatic effects on K. aberrans populations and induced spider mite outbreaks. In other trials tau-fluvalinate and spinosad did similar effects. In laboratory studies we assessed lethal and sub-lethal effects for each pesticide tested. Spinosad, tau-fluvalinate, thiamethoxam, clothianidin and imidacloprid were included. Etofenprox, spinosad with tau-fluvalinate proved to be harmful insecticides to K. aberrans in terms of lethal effects. Neonicotinoids did not affect survival so much but their sub-lethal effects were more prominent in terms of fecundity. Other pesticides such as chlorpyrifos, indoxacarb, lufenuron and methoxyfenozide also significantly reduced fecundity in K. aberrans at a lower level.
In the fourth study we explored the role of pollen in alleviating the effects of pesticides on K. aberrans at individual and population levels. In the first part we tested biological and demographic parameters of K. aberrans on pollen and Panonychus ulmi. K. aberrans was reared individually on P. ulmi and on pollen. Both food sources allowed for predatory mites survival, development and reproduction. Pollen was preferred food as compared to P. ulmi. Total fecundity and survival rates of K. aberrans were higher on pollen than on tetranychids. Developmental times of protonymphs, deutonymphs and adults of K. aberrans were longer on P. ulmi than on pollen. Life-table parameters of K. aberrans were positively affected by pollen. The second part deals with the interactions of pesticides, pollen and K. aberrans in semi-field conditions. Experimental factors were: insecticide application and pollen application . Predatory mites were released on 3-4 shoots per plant 7 days before insecticide applications. Typha latifolia pollen was used. Insecticide application, particularly spinosad, determined a reduction in K. aberrans abundance. Pollen applications were associated to an increase in predatory mite population. Significant interaction between pollen applications was observed: pollen application mitigated the effect of chlorpyrifos (because of its compensation of sublethal effects on fecundity) but no effect was observed on spinosad treated plants.
In the last work mechanisms of resistance to chlorpyrifos due to mutations in insensitive Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in K. aberrans was investigated. AChE cDNA was cloned. The cloning strategy relied on the AChE sequence of Tetranychus urticae. To obtain the homologous cDNA sequence in K. aberrans, degenerate primers were designed on conserved functional domains of the annotated AChEs in Metaseiulus occidentalis genome, and combined with 5'-3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends. When the cloned AChE sequence was compared between K. aberrans sensible and resistant strains, only a Glycine to Serine (G119S) substitution was detected while both AChE sequences had a Phenylalanine residue at 331 position. These results excluded the F331W mutation as responsible for chlorpyrifos target site resistance in K. aberrans but it opened interrogatives about the role of G119S. Indeed the G119S substitution had been already described in mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae and Culex pipiens where it led to AChE1 insensitivity or reduced AChE1 activity. On the contrary, the same aminoacid change in T. urticae AChE sequence was associated with a more moderate decrease in chlorpyrifos response. So a species-specific effect of this substitution cannot be kept out. In any case, site oriented sequencing of AChE cDNA, confirmed the presence of G119S substitution in further three resistant strains of the mite predator as well as the absence of F331W mutation. At the same time, two additional sensible strains, displayed a Glycine at the position 119, instead of Serine, in their AChE sequence. Altogether, these findings might suggest that the G119S polymorphism was involved in the polygenic control of the resistant phenotype. In addition or alternatively, the mutated AChE might be in linkage with one of the genetic determinants which affect the insecticide sensitivity in K. aberrans.


This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits of administrators (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience) and teachers' empowerment. To achieve this objective, a descriptive research in correlational type has been used. The statistical population of this research includes all teachers and administrators in public schools of JAVADABAD. In this study, a five factor model of personality and a 49-item questionnaire to measure empowerment of teachers have been used to assess personality traits of administrators and the teachers' empowerment, respectively. The research hypotheses test has been done using SPSS and LISREL software. The results show that in general there is no significant relationship between personality traits of administrators and teachers' empowerment, and among the 5 dimensions of personality, there is only significant relationship between the characteristic of administrators' agreeableness and teachers' empowerment. The results suggested a way to improve knowledge and skills of teachers a top priority administrator consider. In addition, the performance of teachers affected by the performance of the executive directors, so it is necessary to improve their yield towering notice.


Starting from the Molten Salt Breeder Reactor project of Oak-Ridge, an innovative concept called Molten Salt Fast Reactor or MSFR based on a fast neutron spectrum has been proposed, resulting from extensive parametric studies in which various core arrangements, reprocessing performances and salt compositions were investigated to adapt the reactor in the framework of the deployment of a thorium based reactor fleet on a worldwide scale. In the MSFR, the liquid fuel processing is part of the reactor where a small side stream of the molten salt is processed for fission product removal and then returned to the reactor. Because of this characteristic, the MSFR can operate with widely varying fuel compositions. Thanks to this fuel composition flexibility, the MSFR concept may use as initial fissile load, U or uranium or also the transuranic elements currently produced by light water reactors. This paper addresses the characteristics of these different launching modes of the MSFR and the Thorium fuel cycle, in terms of safety, proliferation, breeding, and deployment capacities of these reactor configurations. To illustrate the deployment capacities of the MSFR concept, a French nuclear deployment scenario is finally presented, demonstrating that launching the Thorium fuel cycle is easily feasible while closing the current fuel cycle and optimizing the long-term waste management.


This research aims to analyze language code switching and code mixing used by teacher during English teaching learning process at SMP Negeri Kamang 2 Magek. This research focused on describing the reason of code mixing and code switching used by the teachers during English teaching learning process. Researcher interested due to the phenomenon of diversity of the language code switching and code mixing is that decide the reason of language code switching and code mixing by the teachers during English teaching learning process. In this research the researcher used the teachers' utterances to collect the data. This research is descriptive research to describe and analyze the language code switching and code mixing used by the teachers during English teaching learning process. The data of this research consist of voice recorder, observation, interview and direct note that are deemed take by a recorder during English teaching learning process start from begins until the teaching learning process ends. The subjects of this research are three English teachers. From the data collection that has been transcribed by narrow transcription and descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques is discovered that the teachers used code switching and code mixing caused by language input because of the teachers are from Minangkabau and in daily communication the teachers and the students used Bahasa Indonesia as the first language and Minangkabaunese as a native language. The finding stated that sometimes the teachers used code switching or code mixing from English into Minangkabaunese. So that it is discovered the reason of language code switching and code mixing by the teachers during English teaching learning process. The research concludes that generally teachers still do more language code switching and code mixing during English teaching learning process in the form of Indonesian and Minangkabaunese. The teachers used code switching and code mixing was not caused by weaknesses or deficiencies in speaking English and mastering English during the teaching learning process. But the teachers used code switching and code mixing because of the teacher's skills to make students understand the lesson easily. The teachers use language code switching and code mixing also to develop intimacy, to reproof and to explain the material to understanding enhancement of the students who all had pedagogical purposes.


The first edition of this book is regarded as a classic in its field. Now, in an expanded and updated version of The Art of Service's book, the authors once again present a step-by-step guide to getting your ITIL v2 Service Managers Certificate. Dramatically increase your chances of passing the exam with this new book. The ITIL V2 managers program may be superseded in a few years in favor of the ITIL V3 intermediate exams. HOWEVER The reason why you should invest in this book NOW and pass your ITIL V2 Managers exam is that this is the path to save time and money and achieve your ITIL Expert status via the ITIL V2 Managers path. There are various ways to achieve your ITIL Expert status, but the quickest path to get there is via the ITIL V2 Foundation - ITIL V2 Manager - ITIL V2-3 Manager Bridge programs. Especially when you attend a Fast Track program for the ITIL V2 Manager Certificate. So for these savvy IT Professionals here is your ITIL V2 Manager exam Preparation book, loaded with hints and tips, exam questions and answers and the key points from the ITIL theory to help you in your preparation for the ITIL V2 Manager Service Support and Service Delivery exams. Preparing for your ITIL Manager's Exam is a process in itself. You can try and memorize EVERYTHING from your Course, or you can prepare yourself with this book - specifically geared toward you passing your exam. Now - based on years of experience in running ITIL Managers Courses, here is the ultimate ITIL v2 Manager's Exam Preparation Study Guide - so you don't have to create your own study aid. In it you will find detailed factsheets for all processes, mindmaps/table of interprocess relationship for all processes, exam answering tips, as well as a complete practice ITIL Manager Exam for Service Delivery and Service Support, and answering guide. So - you reap from our hard work and years of experience - how effective and efficient is that? This book has everything you will need to do and know to prepare yourself for your ITIL Managers exam. Considering the increasing number of IT Professionals and their Organizations who want to be actively involved in IT Service Management, this book, which paves the way for ITIL Service Managers Certification, should do at least as well as the first edition, which is a bestseller.


The microhardness-depth profiles of as-obtained and annealed quartz (substrate)-Al (film) structures have been investigated. A layer of constant hardness has been detected beneath the initial interface. This is supposed to result from incorporation of aluminium atoms into the surface layer of the substrate, reduction of SiO 2 and diffusion of the atoms of a certain element during the processes of preparing and rapid thermal annealing of the structures.


In order to study the new welding process for joining the dissimilar metal used to fabricate the united arc wire by joining the titanium-nickel wire and the stainless steel wire in clinical orthodontics treatment,an inverter condenser discharge butt welder was developed.Its constituent and working principle were analyzed.The joining of the dissimilar thin diameter metal wire was successfully realized by the new developed welder.


This article reviews recent scholarship on kalām-theology and attempts to briefly describe some tendencies that appear to be promising for opening new perspective for future work. Scholarship has made significant attempts to transcend previous limitations of the field along the confines of religious communities and scholarly disciplines (theology vs. philosophy) and has extended the geographical scope and timeframe of investigation.


In this paper, based on bidirectional optical amplifiers and n couplers, we propose a bidirectional transparent (BTL) network configuration. Compared to the MPL and SLB schemes, the BTL structure can save much optical fiber and optical filters.


Purpose – Over the past years, the teaching of third sector management and corporate social responsibility in business schools has been characterized by two main features: it has become widespread, and the assumption that a company's moral behavior has a financial correlate was abandoned. It follows from the second element that these classes are no longer meant to train managers to make a more effective economic contribution. The courses can now find a different, higher purpose, namely to emphasize the impact of the companies' and non‐profit organizations' social activities. This paper aims to address this issue.Design/methodology/approach – The paper looks at two prevailing models of integration of third sector management in the curriculum and their limits.Findings – The paper finds that emphasizing companies' and non‐profit organizations' social activities can be achieved if managers are trained in a way that better apprehends the stakes of these social activities. However, for business schools to make ...


Defective fibrinolysis is a factor in a variety of vascular diseases both arterial and venous. Therapeutic correction of the defect has been shown to be successful in recurrent venous thrombosis, cutaneous vasculitis and liposclerosis. Therapeutic correction in arterial diseases has yet to be fully evaluated.


Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in the group of 19 patients with the confirmed exposure to asbestos was investigated. The cytological and immunocytochemical methods as well as computer morphometry were used in this study. In the groups studied the differences in cell numbers and BAL cell activity were found, especially in the monocytes and macrophages group of cells.


The available evidence indicates that the "decriminalization" of marijuana possession had little or no impact on rates of use. Although rates of marijuana use increased in those U.S. states which reduced maximum penalties for possession to a fine, the prevalence of use increased at similar or higher rates in those states which retained more severe penalties. There were also no discernable impacts on the health care systems. On the other hand, the so-called "decriminalization" measures did result in substantial savings in the criminal justice system.


The counterilluminating ventral ocular photophores of Galiteuthis phyllura and Chiroteuthis calyx appear to continuously orient ventrally regardless of body orientation. Because both species have a round pupil in a round eye, there is no visual method of monitoring eye movement in comparison to photophore movement. Eye tissue sections elucidate the mechanical relationship between the photophore and the eye, which is fused in both species and thus provides a visual point of reference for eye movement on an otherwise radially symmetrical eye. Using image analysis of in situ still images taken from the ROV Ventana, the angular displacement between the photophore and the body axes is derived to show the behavioral extremes of mobility in these midwater forms. Chiroteuthis calyx has an angular rotation range of +65/-102 and Galiteuthis phyllura has an angular rotation range of +71/-68. As compared to previously published laboratory-derived data of both benthic and midwater species, these data show a greater degree of flexibility and movement, indicating a lesser degree of three-dimensional movement in benthic organisms.


Based on formula fertilization of the tea by soil testing, two kinds of treatment including soil testing formula fertilizer application area(CK) and soil testing formula fertilizer application area + micro-element fertilizer(treatment) were carried out to study the effect of applying microelement including boron(B), zinc(Zn) and magnesium(Mg) on tea. Results showed that the spring tea income of CK and the treatment were 4 463.67 yuan and 5 451.67 yuan per 667 m2, respectively. Compared with the CK, the treatment increased by 988.00 yuan per 667 m2, with amplification of 22.1%. It is easy to be accepted by peasants with simple operation of combinting with formula fertilization and micro-element fertilizer. The cost of micro-element fertilizer was low and the yield and income of tea was significantly increased.


S44 Background Information In the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (DRIsJ) 2010 for fat, the adequate intakes (AIs) and tentative dietary goal for preventing lifestyle-related disease (DGs) for fat were determined. Specifically, AIs were set for n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are essential fatty acids because they are not produced by the human body and their deficiency leads to disease. DGs have been set for total fat, saturated fat, n-6 fatty acids, n-3 fatty acids, and cholesterol, whose consumption levels affect risk of lifestyle-related disease, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. Total fatty acids, saturated fat, and n-6 fatty acids are major fuels that supply energy to humans. Therefore, they are expressed as percentage of energy (%en) from total energy intake. Essential fatty acids, including metabolites of a-linolenic acid are expressed as absolute values (g/d) but not relative values (en% of total energy) due to their essentiality. To estimate the average amount of fatty acid intake in the Japanese which was used for DRIs, it was calculated using the original data that had been collected by the 2005 and 2006 NHNS. The 50th percentiles of the major fatty acids and cholesterol are presented in the original Japanese DRIs. For the determination of DGs in the DRIs-J 2010, systematic reviews were conducted by using appropriate key words in PubMed. From these publications, 437 related to DRIs were selected for careful reading and, along with those that had been used for the DRIs-J 2005, were used for a review of the DRIs-J 2010. In this paper, the original version of the Japanese DRIs has been summarized and only selected sections discussed for the sake of brevity.


Hydroquinone is widely used as a skin‐lightening agent, and topical application lor the treatment of hyperpigmented lesions is considered to be safe and moderately effective. The monabenzyl ether of hydroquinone is well recognized for producing excessive depigmentation at sites distant from its application. The monomethyl ether of hydroquinone is used in Europe and Africa because it is more effective than hydroquinone and is said not to produce irregular leucoderma and depigmentation at distant sites. We report the case of a young West Indian girl who used 2% monomethyl ether of hydroquinone for 3 months and developed extensive confetti‐like hypopigmentation. The clinical, histological and biochemical findings are discussed.


This article crosses musical territories to highlight aspects from Ama-zonian life, taking a critical-guerrilla-fighter perspective pronounced in the musical experience and perception of four composers: Vital Farias, Xangai, Mestre Lourival Igarape and the author-composer of this piece, who feel and express Amazon from multiple angles and specific sensibilities.


Living cells have evolved over billions of years to develop structural and functional complexity with numerous intracellular compartments that are formed due to liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). Discovery of the amazing and vital roles of cells in life has sparked tremendous efforts to investigate and replicate the intracellular LLPS. Among them, all‐aqueous emulsions are a minimalistic liquid model that recapitulates the structural and functional features of membraneless organelles and protocells. Here, an emerging all‐aqueous microfluidic technology derived from micrometer‐scaled manipulation of LLPS is presented; the technology enables the state‐of‐art design of advanced biomaterials with exquisite structural proficiency and diversified biological functions. Moreover, a variety of emerging biomedical applications, including encapsulation and delivery of bioactive gradients, fabrication of artificial membraneless organelles, as well as printing and assembly of predesigned cell patterns and living tissues, are inspired by their cellular counterparts. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for further advancing the cell‐inspired all‐aqueous microfluidics toward a more powerful and versatile platform are discussed, particularly regarding new opportunities in multidisciplinary fundamental research and biomedical applications.


The structures of N-(4-benzalaniline)-15-crown-5 and N-(4'-benzalaniline)-15-crown-5 and their Li + , Na + , K + , Be 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ and Ba 2+ complexes are optimized using ab initio and DFT methods. It was found that in all cases the M n+ ―N distances (n = 1, 2) are longer than the average M n+ ―O ones in the corresponding complexes and the metal― nitrogen distances in the alkali metal complexes are longer than these in alkaline earth ones. The Li + , Na + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ cations fit to cavity size of the crown while the K + , Sr 2+ and Ba 2+ cations, whose size is greater than the diameter of the macrocycle cavity, protrude from the macrocycle. In all cases the conformation of the crown ether does not change except the Be 2+ complex, where the conformation of the macrocycle is strongly deformed.


The ultimate purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of air pollution and damage to the hinterland that may be caused by the development and operation of the port, and to examine it by using especially analysis and optimization methods. The Busan New Port which is the largest trading port in Korea operating across Busan and Changwon (Gyeongnam) have been undertaken. Two field experiments on the concentration of coarse particulate matter (PM10, Hereafter PM10) and the level of influence of PM10 were investigated at two sites in the industrial and residential areas behind Busan New Port (Changwon). As the results, the concentration of PM10 was different for each site. In particularly, the actual air quality was exceeded the standard set as PM10 100㎍/㎥ for the case of the industrial area within the port area. Beside that, the observated values at the residential area did not exceed the standard, but were higher than other areas's such as Noksan-dong and Gyeonghwa-dong. In order to effectively manage air pollution in the hinterland of ports, not only environmental and technical measures, but also cooperation with the private sector and local governments should be take into account.


Watakushi novel is a special genre in the modern Japanese literary world.This article gave a simple analysis and explanation of the definition,intention,cause,characteristics,variety and reviews of Watakushi novel.


The purpose of this article is to analyze the fundamentals of hospital pedagogy and its relationship to bioethics. The hospitalization of a girl or boy implies a traumatic and distressing experience, in which they associates the pain and discomfort of environments outside their daily life, making it a difficult situation to face, in addition to it, several of them are of school age (Murillo, 2017); so an intervention that considers the needs of patients for the continuation of their physical, psychic and social development becomes inescapable. In this sense, pedagogy arises as an opportunity to make up for the educational training of girls and boys during their stay in the hospital, it is worth mentioning that this has as its purpose the socio-educational care of individuals who are in a situation of chronic illness, regardless of their social, cultural or economic status, so classes in the hospital can generate a reduction of anxiety in the face of the unknown, besides it helps to forget their illness and generate new relationships. In this sense, bioethics allows to development the skills to make decisions in the face of dilemmatic situations.


The equivalence theorem states that amplitudes involving longitudinal vector bosons are equal to those with the corresponding unphysical scalars in the limit {ital M}{sub {ital W}}{sup 2}/s{r arrow}0. There are two ways to approach this limit, depending on whether {ital M}{sub {ital W}}/{ital M}{sub {ital H}}{r arrow}0 or {ital M}{sub {ital H}}{sup 2}/s{r arrow}0. We show that the theorem has a different physical interpretation in each limit, but its validity in both depends only on the wave-function renormalization of the unphysical Goldstone bosons. We derive a condition that the renormalization parameters must satisfy in order for the theorem to hold. We show that this condition is satisfied in the first limit, appropriate to the heavy-Higgs-boson regime, if momentum subtraction at a scale {ital m}{much lt}{ital M}{sub {ital H}} is used. With this prescription, the theorem is true to lowest nonzero order in {ital g} and to all orders in the Higgs-boson coupling.


In the high ƒ¢K region, the stage 2c cracks consisting of cleavage fractures were found only in the spheroidal graphite cast iron. Thus, its fatigue propagation rate was faster than that of high strength steel without the stage 2c cracks. In the medium ƒ¢K region, on the other hand, both materials showed the fatigue crack propagation at the stage 2b, although the propagation rate of the spheroidal graphite cast iron was faster than that of the high strength steel due to the smaller Young's modulus of the former. Nevertheless, the propagation rates of both materials were the same, when their Young's moduli and crack closures were taken into consideration. In the low ƒ¢K region, both materials showed the fatigue crack propagation at Stage 2a, although the propagation rate of the spheroidal graphite cast iron was slower than that of high strength steel, different from the high and medium ƒ¢K regions. This is due to a more significant crack closure caused by the roughness of fracture surface and the formation of oxide in the cast iron than the steel. Moreover, the crack branching phenomenon was found in the cast iron where Kmax=16 to 33MPa•ãm. In the case that this branching phenomenon occurred in the low ƒ¢K region, the propagation resistance of fatigue cracks became higher.


In this paper the influence of variable contents of Nb and Ti in experimental 30Ni-18Cr-0.3C (wt-%) cast steel on its resistance to carburization has been presented. In investigated alloys the contents of Nb and Ti were in the range 0 to 1.8 and 0 to 1.0 wt-% respectively. The carburization has been carried out at 900°C for 300 h at a carbon potential of C p = 0.9%. The resistance to carburization has been assessed by gravimetric and hardness measurements. The regression equation describing a mass increment of the specimen and the thickness of the carburized zone as a function of chemical composition of cast steel has also been determined. The presented equations show that single and/or combined increase in contents of additions has a beneficial effect on inhibition of carbon diffiusion in the alloy.


Anatomical entities are central to much of biomedical discourse and must be considered in any attempt to fully analyse biomedical scientific text. However, while a wealth of tools and resources have been introduced in domain natural language processing efforts for the recognition of mentions of biomolecules and organisms in text, there has been little study of anatomical entities such as tissues and organs. In this paper, we consider the closely related tasks of distinguishing terms that refer to anatomical entities from ones that do not and assigning the former into upper-level semantic classes. We draw on the wealth of anatomical domain resources available in the Open Biomedical Ontologies repository, evaluating entity detection performance using the ontologies against a manually curated corpus of 5000 phrases occurring with high frequency in PubMed. We further analyse the upper-level structure of these ontologies to determine whether the resources offer a stable basis for speciesindependent classification and discuss remaining conflicts and challenges.


Objective: To determine the frequency of trisomy 12 in B-Cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), to correlate its association with clinico-pathologic features and to determine the role of this cytogenetic defect to the prognosis.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Haematology department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, from May 2017 to Aug 2018.
Methodology: A total of 56 newly diagnosed patients of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed on the basis of National Cancer Institute Working Group guidelines. A detailed history and thorough clinical examination were performed and complete blood counts, biochemical profile, bone marrow examination, immunophenotyping on bone marrow/peripheral blood samples were done for the diagnosis of Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Interphase FISH studies were performed on blood/bone marrow aspiration for detection of Trisomy 12 were performed.
Results: Out of 56 patients, trisomy was detected in 12 (10.7%) patients. Out of 7 patients with trisomy 12, five patients presented in late stages (Binet stage B and C), however this association of Trisomy 12 with Binet stage was also statistically insignificant (p=0.474). About six with trisomy 12 were positive for CD 38, however this association was also not statistically significant (p=0.124). Results revealed that patients having trisomy 12 underwent chemotherapy at diagnosis and during follow ups as compared to patients having other cytogenic abnormalities. Moreover, patient with trisomy 12 develop progression in disease during course of illness, however association was statistically insignificant (p>0.05)


A morphing structure needs to have at least two inherently different properties; it has to be flexible in the corrugated direction and stiff in the transverse direction to the corrugation. FEM models were used and solved to predict the characteristics of the corrugated composites by commercial FEM software ABAQUS. The elongation and equivalent stiffness in longitudinal and transverse directions of different corrugated structures (trapezoidal, rectangular, triangular and sinusoidal) and flat composites are calculated and compared together. In this research, the geometry of structures, different fibers (woven and UD), effects of fiber angle, materials (E-glass, carbon ...) are investigated. Using strain energy principles and Castiglione's theorem derived equivalent tensile elastic modulus in longitudinal and transverse direction of corrugation. FEM results and analytical model are compared together. Finally, deformations of corrugated composites using SMA wires are simulated in ABAQUS software and investigated results of SMA effects. Results of FEM and analytical simulation show that the corrugated composite provided in this paper can afford obviously larger deformation than the flat one. The applicability of the corrugated composites to the flexible wings structures are discussed based on the longitudinalto-transverse stiffness ratio and then highlight some critical factors affecting their performance.


SUMMARY After a description of their anatomical location and usual function, the small arteries of the human heart are discussed as to their pathological anatomy. Classification according to etiology or disease state is supplemented by the description of histopathological A final section deals with special experimental utility of the small coronary arteries of the dog for electrophysiological and pharmacological research. SUMMARY Forty youngsters with apical systolic murmurs, whose clinical evaluations did not allow conclusive differentiation between ventricular septal defect (VSD) and mitral regurgitation (MR), were studied by pulsed Doppler echocardiography (PDE). The PDE technique, which supplements M-mode echocardiography with Doppler flow detection, allowed determination of the site of turbulent blood flow in 39 of the 40 youngsters (97.5%). Twenty-one had PDE findings of VSD but no MR, and the 10 who underwent cardiac catheterization had VSD demonstrated. Seventeen youngsters had PDE findings of MR but no VSD, and the six who underwent catheterization were found to have MR, and no VSD. One youngster had both VSD and MR demonstrated by PDE and catheterization, and one had no abnormalities detected by either PDE or invasive study.


Prevention is better than cure undoubtedly, but allied to that is a new approach to the types of products that should be considered in the light of current antimicrobial resistance issues and the heightened importance of calf immunity.


Indians, regardless of class, endured hardship during the Japanese occupation, and the terrible encounter of Indians who lived in the estates were the most profound. Records of the Japanese occupation in Malaya and Singapore depicted women both as rivals of the Japanese and casualties of war. Studies on the Japanese treatment of Malayan women, particularly Indian women, however, have not merited much attention. This study examines how Indian women negotiated the Japanese occupation and their involvement in the Rani of Jhansi Regiment. The study utilises qualitative method using archival sources, newspapers, and recollections from witnesses and participants of the Indian nationalist movement. Documentary sources kept at the National Archives of Malaysia and Singapore, and the Singapore Oral History Centre provide glimpses of how Indian women managed wartime challenges, and how the Japanese attempted to mobilise them. While a few fought against the Japanese, others had benefitted from Japanese overtures when wartime experiences impacted their post-war careers. The predicament experienced during Japanese occupation and involvement in the nationalist movement had encouraged Indian women to participate in self-help organisations and political parties to enhance their lives in post-independence Malaya.


Aims: The crude saponins extracted from the aerial parts of Paronychia argentea and the roots of Spergularia marginata were tested for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and synergistic effects with antibiotics. Methodology: Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, β-carotene-linoleic acid and reducing power assays. However, the antibacterial activity was assessed by the agar disc diffusion method, whereas the MIC determination and the Original Research Article Malika Ait Sidi Brahim et al.; EJMP, 7(4): 193-204, 2015; Article no.EJMP.2015.082 194 synergistic interaction with antibiotics were evaluated using microdilution method. Results: Saponins-rich extract from Paronychia argentea showed a higher antioxidant activity than that from Spergularia marginata. Using DPPH assay, the IC50 values for saponins-rich extracts from P. argentea and S. marginata were 19.08 and 29.65 μg/ml, respectively. For β-carotene-linoleic acid assay, IC50 values were 98.24 and 614 μg/ml respectively for P. argentea and S. marginata. However, for reducing power assays, the IC50 values for saponins-rich extracts from P. argentea and S. marginata were respectively 27.22 and 61.44 μg/ml. The result of MIC assay showed that both saponins-rich extracts was found to be active against the majority of Candida strains and Gram-positive bacteria. However, crude saponins extracted from S. marginata was more active on microorganisms than that from P. argentea. In fact, the in vitro association of saponin extracts and some commercial antibiotics showed a synergistic effect. For bacteria strains, 30 combinations were studied, 17 (56.66%) combinations had total synergism, 7 (23.33%) had partial synergism, 4 (13.33%) had no effect and 2 (6.66%) had antagonism effect. For Candida strains, 8 combinations of saponins extracts and fluconazol are tested. All of these combinations (100%) exhibited a total synergism with FICi ranging from 0,31 to 0,50. Conclusion: The results founded suggested that further work should be performed on the isolation and identification of the antioxidative and antimicrobial components of these saponins-rich extracts.


This paper deals with modal shift projects and policy of modal shift services at home and abroad. This study aims to review the results of foreign modal projects in advanced countries and to suggest policy directions for promoting modal shift services in Korea. This paper consists of three main sections: concept of modal shift policy; analysis of modal shift projects and policy at home and abroad; policy directions of modal shift services in Korea. In recent years, shippers who shift mode from truck to rail or coastal shipping are subsidized by the government. The government intends to encourage modal shift services of shippers, as shown in the example of Marco Polo in EU. It is identified that the government should devise effective policy for the successful implementation of truck-rail modal shift in Korea. It is suggested that the policy goal of modal shift must be clear and its attainment is feasible in order to promote modal shift services here. It also turns out that indirect supply policy works better than direct one. Freight transport environments differ between countries. It, thus, hard to directly apply foreign policies to Korea's freight transport field. Korea is at an inceptive stage of exploring foreign modal shift policies and promoting modal shift services in Korea. We will gain from the wide range of case studies, which analyze the modal shift successes and failures experienced by advanced countries. It is necessary to use them with care.


For this purpose 36 physical and psychosocial healthy young men were selected from a large group of men who refused to serve in the American Army. They were examined very carefully in the period before the hunger experiment which lasted 6 months. In this period they received only two mails a day with half of the number of calories they were used to eat. This period of malinutrition was followed by 3 months of refeeding. Not only their weight recovered quite well, but also the psychosocial consequences of starvation disappeared completely [1].


The invention discloses a protease used for normal- and constant-temperature nucleic acid large fragment in-vitro amplification, which includes: (1) a recombinase (Seq ID No.35); (2) a single-chain binding protein (Seq ID No.36); (3) a DNA polymerase (Seq ID No.37); and (4) an accessory protein (Seq ID No.38). The invention also discloses a reagent used for the normal-temperature isothermal nucleic acid large fragment in-vitro amplification and an amplification method. The amplification method is carried out, through a synergistic effect between various engineering enzymes and related chemical components and under a normal and constant temperature, to quickly complete specific amplification of a nucleic acid large fragment in vitro. The method, in the future, can be widely used in the fields of gene sequencing, cyclic plasmid amplification and whole genome amplification, and has a huge application prospect in the fields of simplifying molecular operation processes and promoting researching progress.


BACKGROUND
Of all oral precancerous conditions, Oral Submucous Fibrosis is of greater concern because of its disabling nature and relative greater chances of malignant transformation. This malignant transformation involves glycolytic pathways that can alter lactate dehydrogenase levels. Therefore the aim of this study was to estimate the LDH levels in saliva and serum of subjects with OSMF and to compare them with healthy controls and to correlate the relationship between pathogenesis of OSMF and the LDH enzyme.

METHODS
Sixty Subjects were recruited for this study and divided into two groups, 30 subjects with OSMF (Group A) and 30 healthy controls (Group B). Venous blood and unstimulated whole saliva measuring 1 ml was collected from each of these evaluated for LDH levels using the standard kit method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software version 17.

RESULTS
The average salivary LDH value for Group A was 606.83 ± 60.09 U/l and for Group B was 80.73 ± 20.06 U/l. salivary LDH was greater in group A than Group B and this was statistically significant. On comparing the serum and salivary LDH in Group A with the clinical staging of OSMF, the results were not statistically significant. Similarly no statistically significant relationship was found on comparing the serum and salivary LDH in Group A (OSMF subjects) with duration of habit.

CONCLUSION
This study provides additional rationale for the role of salivary LDH in the early diagnosis and prognosis of oral submucous fibrosis.


PURPOSE: An irradiation angle control method of an LED guard lamp is provided to accurately satisfy an illuminance standard of a guide lamp regardless of a space condition. CONSTITUTION: An initial illuminance table output step(S100) finds an illuminance table before adjustment. Average surface illuminance and uniformity factor insufficiency section deriving step(S200) derives a section which does not satisfy average surface illuminance and uniformity factors of a lamp. An LED assembly installation angle control step(S300) controls an installation angle of an LED assembly. An illuminance confirmation and correction step(S400) confirms whether or not the average surface illuminance and the uniformity factor of a lamp are satisfied and performs fine correction. [Reference numerals] (S100) Initial illuminance table output step; (S200) Average surface illuminance and uniformity factor insufficiency section deriving step; (S300) LED assembly installation angle control step; (S400) Illuminance confirmation and correction step


In her book Machine in the Studio, Caroline Jones has provided a rich account of the decline of the studio as the normative concept applied to places of artistic production.1 Th e old-fashioned studio, she argues, was characterized by artisanal (rather than mass) production, a limited number of workers, and, above all, the presence of one creative individual who was the author of anything made there. Th is studio was a singular and confi ned space, unlike the multiple and open sites of artistic production that have become so familiar since the inception of conceptual art, earthworks, and installation. Jones locates this shift in the 1960s, when American artists embraced serial and industrial production, adopted the persona of manager rather than maker, and ultimately left the enclosed environment of the studio behind to produce site-specifi c work in situ. Th is is not to say that contemporary artists no longer have studios, obviously, or even that the old magic of those spaces cannot be put back into play in an ironic fashion. What can never be recaptured is the secure authorial power that the studio once embodied. If the romance of the studio has been comprehensively dismantled elsewhere in contemporary art, it is alive and well in studio craft. As its very name suggests, this fi eld has not begun to grapple with the post-studio environment. Indeed, for all the worry and dispute that exists around the word "craft," it may be that the ongoing attachment of craft practitioners to the "studio" is a more important subject for analysis. Craft objects are evocative of their means of production, and thus of the space in which they are made—a trait that is amplifi ed by the organization of the craft movement into discrete institutions and groups along media lines (such as clay, fi ber, and metal). Th e sheer appeal of craft-in-action also doubtless plays a role—the hot and sweaty theatrics of the glass hot shop, the fountains of wood shavings produced by turners at the lathe, the magical transformations that occur on the pottery wheel, and even the slower, mesmerizing action of a loom or the raising of a vessel from sheet metal. Yet even this seemingly fundamental attraction has a history, which stretches back at least as far as the early twentieth century, when adherents of the Arts and Crafts movement began to idealize the workplace. Th is involved an elaborate spiritualization and reverence for the sanctity of the craftsperson's own experience, which culminated in the "discovery" and marketing of regional, traditional crafts in the inter war period. Appalachian artisans, especially, were often seen as inhabitants of a diff erent world magically preserved from times long gone by—"our contemporary ancestors," in William Goodell Frost's infamous phrase.2 Mountain crafts were typically experienced through problematic framing devices. Photographs of Appalachian spinners and chairmakers were "improved" through the addition of convincing props, Glenn Adamson


This article examines the compensation of state and local workers, who account for 20 million of the 23 million civilian government workers in the United States. State and local workers include teachers, college instructors, police officers, health care administrators, and many other occupational groups.Examining state and local compensation is important because it represents a major portion of the overall U.S. economy. In 2008, the total cost of wages and benefits for state and local workers was $1.1 trillion, which was half of the $2.2 trillion in total spending by state and local governments. Compensation costs are expected to rise rapidly in coming years due to growing pension and health care costs.


The article shows the gender inequality of the Italian university teaching staff and the failure of policies that rely on neoliberal beliefs and values of academic competition, of the supposedly objective evaluation of the quality of scientific research and, generally, of the merit culture. First, we document the persistence of female disadvantage at the university by analyzing time series on Italian university researchers. Then we compare the data of Italian faculty with that of the European Union as a whole. Finally, we present the conclusions of a qualitative research based on in-depth interviews with some professors and researchers who work at the Italian university, and we highlight the limits and perverse effects of the meritocratic method and neoliberal feminism in the resolution of inequality. This type of feminism is not concerned with the elimination of real inequalities in the system, but with the promotion of women to the top of Higher Education institutions and, in general, in society. In other words, it is not really interested in transforming the world by eliminating the structural conditions that produce inequality, but only tries to enhance in each woman –according to neoliberal ethics– the competitiveness of her own human capital.


When I wrote "Environmental History: The Development of a New Historical Field" for the PaciŽc Historical Review, it was a summer's work. Seventeen years ago the Ž eld was small enough that my reading had easily kept pace with the literature. Part of a summer Ž lled with other things was enough to survey most of the rest. There were glaring omissions in the article. I suffer lasting embarrassment from having left out the work of Joel Tarr. His scholarship has been fundamental to urban environmental history, which is now arguably the most  ourishing part of environmental history. Such omissions were, however, the result of my neglect, not the size of the Ž eld.1 Environmental history was manageable. When asked by the editors of the Pacific Historical Review to update the article, I demurred. The field has grown too big; it would be far more than a summer's work, and much would necessarily be omitted. My essay here is merely a comment. It makes no attempt at bibliographic completeness. That the field has grown more crowded is not the same thing as saying it has fundamentally changed. In one sense the


Biomedical data is often distributed between a network of custodians, causing challenges for researchers wishing to securely compute aggregate statistics on those data without centralizing everything—the prototypical 'count query' asks how many patients match some multifaceted set of conditions across a network of hospitals. Difficulty arises from two sources: (1) the need to deduplicate patients who may be present in the records of multiple hospitals and (2) the need to unify partial records for the same patient which may be split across hospitals. Although cryptographic tools for secure computation promise to enable collaborative studies with formal privacy guarantees, existing approaches either are computationally impractical or support only simplified analysis pipelines. To the best of our knowledge, no existing practical secure method addresses both of these difficulties simultaneously. Here, we introduce secure federated Boolean count queries using a novel 2-stage probabilistic sketching and sampling protocol that can be efficiently implemented in off-the-shelf federated homomorphic encryption libraries (Palisade and Lattigo), provably ensuring data security. To this end, we needed several key technological innovations, including re-encoding the LogLog union-cardinality sketch and designing an appropriate sampling for intersection cardinalities. Our benchmarking shows that we can answer federated Boolean count queries in less than 2 CPU-minutes with absolute errors in the range of 6% of the total number of touched records, while revealing only the final answer and the total number of touched records. With modern core-parallelism, we can thus answer queries on the order of seconds. Our study demonstrates that by computing on compressed and encrypted data, it is possible to securely answer federated Boolean count queries in real-time.


The Palaeozoic Beishan Rift Valley zone in Xinjiang, China, is located between the Dunhuang and Kuluketage blocks, in the north‐eastern margin of the Tarim Plate. Carboniferous–Permian volcanism is evident in this area. The Ganquan cycle, the main eruptive event of the Late Carboniferous in the Beishan region, produced large volumes of lava and was related to Carboniferous–Permian volcanism in the rift valley. Major element, rare earth element (REE), and trace element compositions of volcanic rocks were determined, with results indicating that volcanic rocks of the Ganquan cycle are mainly an association of sodic calc‐alkaline rocks, with some alkaline compositions. The REE characteristics of all rock types indicate a continuous and progressive evolution, with a gradual increase in light REE enrichment, and positive to negative Eu anomalies reflecting crystallization of plagioclase. Trace element compositions show obvious depletion in Nb and Ta, and high abundances of large‐ion lithophile elements, indicative of a subduction‐related origin. It is concluded that the Late Carboniferous Beishan Rift Valley of the Ganquan cycle formed in a compressional tectonic environment, which generated a set of volcanic rock assemblages and sedimentary formations. Subsequent Early Permian volcanic activity was caused by large‐scale delamination of the orogenic belt and thickened lithosphere, which resulted in large‐scale ascent of partial melt from the mantle.


The Cardiovascular Research Convergence 2018 was held at International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and All India Institute of Medical Sciences on October 13 and 14, 2018. The program highlights were interactive sessions between clinical and basic scientists and case-based learning on cases of Eisenmenger syndrome, familial heart failure, and young patients with myocardial infarction. Some of the best research presentations included papers on vitamin deficiency in rats, cytochrome b5 reductase 3 as target to counter hypertension, high throughput screening for molecules for antihypertensive compounds in plants, Dhadkan: A smartphone app for heart failure (HF) patients, genetic variants in association with coronary artery disease in India, biomarkers after mitral interventions, the Indian experience with angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, and the AIIMS yoga program Kardiac Rehabilitation Yoga Trial in patients with HF. A program for training nurses in HF management was also conducted.


The strategy for managing the continuity of operation and ensuring fault tolerance involves the development of approaches to assessing and monitoring the risks for the most important business processes. The article discusses approaches to the organization of interfunctional interaction in order to ensure the continuity of the activities for companies in the energy sector. The use of the "case study" method provided the examples of organizational structures and initiatives developed by energy companies in order to achieve the goals of automating business processes along with meeting the requirements for ensuring companies' sustainability.


Using mirror symmetry as described by Hori and Vafa, we compute the quantum equivariant cohomology ring of toric manifolds. This ring arises naturally in topological gauged sigma-models and is related to the Hamiltonian Gromov-Witten invariants of the target manifold.


In the context of the formal theory of scattering the scattering amplitude on the energy‐momentum shell is shown to be hyperplane independent even in the presence of hyperplane‐dependent interaction ``potentials.'' Also, a formal field‐theoretic example of consistent hyperplane‐dependent potentials is presented.


he market. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship among knowledge management value chain (KMVC), new p roduct development NPD performance, and NPD strateg y. Apply the qualitative research as methodology to do this research. The result found that KMVC has posi tive related to NPD performance, and NPD strategy.


The I2 stabilized Ar+ laser is now an internationally accepted frequency or wavelength standard having the wavelength ¿a3 = 514.673 467 nm. Using an improved stabilization scheme the intrinsic frequency uncertainty is now less than 10-11 ¿. A Fabry-Perot prestabilization circuit reduces the effective laser linewidth from 2 MHz to 70 kHz. Therefore, the iodine cell can be operated at a lower I2 vapor pressure of 1 Pa yielding narrower I2 reference signals. In order to avoid power shifts, the power density inside the iodine cell was reduced to 0.3 mW/mm2 by expanding the beam diameter. The resulting improved signal-to-noise ratio also allowed to measure the frequency separation of 13 isolated 127I2 hyperfine components of the P(13) 43-0 absorption line with an uncertainty of less than 1 kHz.


The invention relates to a circuit laminated structure of a photovoltaic assembly. The structure is provided with a photovoltaic assembly framework and the photovoltaic assembly, wherein the photovoltaic assembly is provided with six battery strings and bus bars; and the left end of the first long bus bar is welded with a battery plate I, and the right end of the first long bus bar is welded with a battery plate III. The left end of the second long bus bar is welded with a battery plate IV, and the right end of the second long bus bar is welded with a battery plate VI. The left end of the first short bus bar is welded with a battery plate II, and the right end of the first short bus bar is used as an electrode leading-out end of the photovoltaic assembly. The left end of the second short bus bar is welded with a battery plate V, and the right end of the second short bus bar is used as an electrode leading-out end of the photovoltaic assembly. During lamination of the photovoltaic assembly, the long bus bars are not easily shifted and are not easy to close to the short bus bars or the battery plates, so a defective assembly is not easily caused, and the qualification rate of the assembly is improved.


Let k be a positive integer. In this paper, we study a parametric family of the sets of integers {; ; k, A2k + 4A, (A + 1)2k + 4(A + 1), d}; ; . We prove that if d is a positive integer such that the product of any two distinct elements of that set increased by 4 is a perfect square, then d = (A^4 + 2A^3 + A^2)k^3 + (8A^3 + 12^A2 + 4A)k^2 +(20A^2 + 20A + 4)k + (16A + 8) for 1  = 51767.


This paper presents a novel functional block level abstraction for generating a stable reference voltage over a wide temperature range. The proposed method uses multiple high temperature coefficient (TC) reference sources to generates a low TC voltage. The proposed approach is demonstrated using four BiCMOS voltage reference cells, with 26.6ppm/C TC as an example to achieve 1.24ppm/C TC over a temperature range from −35°C to 160°C which is about 95% decrease in TC as per the simulated values. The proposed solution can be scaled to employ multiple cost effective, non-ideal reference voltage generators with high TC and shorter temperature range, to produce a reference voltage with a low TC over wider temperature range for various applications including bionics and deep space vehicles.


Forty genotypes of bengalgram were studied for genetic diversity and genetic variability for seven yield attributes. The analysis of variance revealed wide genetic variation for all the traits studied. The genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters out of which cluster I and II had the maximum number with seven genotypes each. Among the characters, seed yield contributed maximum towards genetic divergence. The inter cluster D2 values ranged from 145.02 to 1086.57. A close correspondence between the estimates of GCV and PCV was observed for days to maturity, number of pods per plant and seed yield. High heritability with high genetic advance observed for seed yield, number of pods per plant and number of fruiting branches per plant indicated additive gene action for these traits. Seed yield exhibited positive significant correlation with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of fruiting branches per plant and number of pods per plant.


Article history: Received on: 18/08/2012 Revised on: 29/08/2012 Accepted on: 05/09/2012 Available online: 28/11/2012 The aqueous, ethanol and acetone crude extracts and dichloromethane, hexane, ethyl acetate and nbutanol fractions of the Securidaca longepedunculata roots and Vernonia glabra leaves were studied for their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans using agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical presents, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacteriacidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) of the extracts were also determined using standard methods. Results obtained indicated that Vernonia glabra leaves acetone extracts had excellent antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and ethanol extracts against S. aureus. The n-butanol fractions had the best activity against E. coli and S. aureus, dichloromethane fraction against P. aeruginosa and ethyl acetate fraction against C. albicans. For S. longepedunculate root ethanol extracts showed best activity against E. coli, acetone extract against P. aeruginosa and aqueous extract against C. albicans. The n-butanol fractions had best activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. These results verified the claims by traditional healers in Malawi that the plants extracts treats bacteria related ailments such as diarrhoea and could be a potential source for development of phytomedicine.


Although a single maternal dose of antenatal steroids is known to reduce respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants, the safety and


The re-formulation of detergents powders for automatic dishwashing machines towards low and zero phosphate formulations has implied the use of several ingredients not present before in these products (disilicates, carbonate, polycarbonates, perborate and enzymes). To correctly assess the influence of those changes on the final wash performance of the autodishwashing products, a large number of single-variable experiments would have been needed. This paper proposes a statistically designed mathematical model able to reduce significantly the number of experiments to be run, while preserving the ability to fully understand the influence to the given variables on the wash performance


This paper describes the Graphical Models Toolkit (GMTK), an open source, publically available toolkit for developing graphical-model based speech recognition and general time series systems. Graphical models are a flexible, concise, and expressive probabilistic modeling framework with which one may rapidly specify a vast collection of statistical models. This paper begins with a brief description of the representational and computational aspects of the framework. Following that is a detailed description of GMTK's features, including a language for specifying structures and probability distributions, logarithmic space exact training and decoding procedures, the concept of switching parents, and a generalized EM training method which allows arbitrary sub-Gaussian parameter tying. Taken together, these features endow GMTK with a degree of expressiveness and functionality that significantly complements other publically available packages. GMTK was recently used in the 2001 Johns Hopkins Summer Workshop, and experimental results are described in detail both herein and in a companion paper.


Irregular galaxies are considered to be results of collisions or close
 approaches between galaxies. In the local universe, determining the
 morphological type and collision stage does not pose a problem. However,
 when it comes to galaxies at high redshifts, determining morphology is
 non-trivial. In this paper, the morphological parameters used to determine
 the morphology of galaxies at large redshifts will be summarised and
 described in detail. The aim of this research is to examine the sensitivity
 of morphological parameters at different collision stages on galaxies in the
 Local Universe, so that the most sensitive parameter can be found and later
 applied to the study of collisions between distant galaxies.


Abstract: The basic idea of this system is to create an electronic voting machine that will help to eradicate defrauding of the manual voting system and prior versions of electronic voting by using raspberry pi controller and biometric device for thumb Recognisation. We also implement location free voting system to the voters who are not possible to the come at voting location (hometown). Here propose a system that includes multiple layers of verification to ensure the reliability of the device with include the face verification with validation data. Each voter is entered into the system only after being recognized and checked with the given data base of enlist voters, once the corresponding face is matched with the information provided, the voter will be allowed to proceed for choosing their preferred candidate from the panel of buttons.


Polyelectrolytes and oppositely charged surfactants interact through attractive electrostatic forces, which in many cases lead to phase separation already at low total concentrations. During the past 10-15 years investigations of these systems have been simplified through the use of complex salts that consist of surfactants with polymeric counterions in a 1:1 charge stoichiometry (no excess simple counterions present). The approach of using complex salts enables these systems to be described in two dimensions in truly ternary phase diagrams, which is not possible if the polyelectrolyte and the surfactant, including their original simple counterions, are mixed.

One of the aims of this thesis was to investigate how mixtures of water-insoluble complex salts are affected by addition of nonionic surfactants in aqueous solution. Both the ternary phase behavior and the different liquid crystalline phases that form as well as the solution behavior have been investigated as nonionic surfactants are added. It was demonstrated that the prescence of ethoxylated entities in the polyion-surfactant ion aggregates promote solubility and that the addition of nonionic surfactants to insoluble complex salts give rise to a rich phase behavior. In fact, the presence of liquid crystalline phases in equilibrium with a dilute aqueous phase facilitated the formation of stable dispersions of nanoparticles with a bicontinuous cubic internal structure. Moreover, it was possible to tune this structure by means of temperature.

Soluble complex salts consisting of a cationic surfactant and oppositely charged copolymers with grafted poly(ethylene oxide) side chains were also investigated. These complex salts were found to form micelles with a hydrodynamic radius of around 200 nm in size, which suggests that they mostly contain only one polyion. It was also observed that these systems displayed a well-defined CMC equivalently to surfactants in aqueous solution.

The release of a polyion from oppositely charged mixed micelles was investigated in one of the studies. For this purpose a cationic and cleavable surfactant (decyl betainate) which is hydrolyzed at high pH, was used. Decyl betainate formed insoluble aggregates together with the polyion. These aggregates were then solubilized by C12E8. It was revealed that the rate of hydrolysis of decyl betainate was decreased with the polyion present in the system. It was also shown that the polyion was released into solution as the surfactant was degraded.


A depolymerase capable of decomposing γ-polyglutamic acid was formed when Bacillus natto was infected with bacteriophage. By disrupting prematurely the infected bacteria, it was shown that the enzyme was induced at about 7 min after phage infection and reached to a maximum level on lysis of the infected bacteria. The enzyme activity was not detected in the uninfected bacteria. The phage particles had no enzyme activity. Preliminary studies on the enzymatic hydrolyzates by paper chromatography revealed that this enzyme cleaved γ-polyglutamic acid to small peptides by the endopeptidase action.


Abstract : The microstructure, optical and mechanical properties of the silicon micromechanical optical waveguide are investigated. The physical principles of mechanical excitation of the cantilever waveguide by photothermal, magnetostriction, and by direct force action are considered. The sensor application of the developed device is analyzed.


This paper is trying to examine the problem of a conflict of
obligations of member states of the European Community stemming
from Community law on one hand and obligations stemming from
other international agreements and treaties it is a party to on
the other. The most difficult question to answer here is the
one whether Community law prevails international law or
vice-versa. Some major decisions of the European Court of
Justice (ECJ) regarding the conflict of international
obligations of the member states and their duty of sincere
co-operation are presented to give the rough idea of the
attitude of the ECJ to the conflict of these two duties.


Partial root-zone drying (PRD) technique, a novel approach to watering crops, was developed on the basis of knowledge of root-to-shoot signaling in drying soil. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the effects of the PRD treatment on tomato growth and the water regime. The obtained PRD results showed significant reduction in shoot but not fruit growth in the absence of any changes in shoot water status, indicating the involvement of chemical root-to- shoot signals. Higher water use efficiency (WUE) results mean that the PRD technique can be used to reduce irrigation water without significant reduction of tomato yield.


The invention provides a foldable unmanned aerial vehicle and an application method thereof, which relate to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, four spiral wings and two groups of spiral wing supporting arms, wherein the two groups of spiral wing supporting arms are respectively fixed at the front end and the back end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body; each group of spiral wing supporting arms comprises a hinge structure, which is formed by two terminals with hollow shafts; the terminals with the hollow shafts are positioned at one ends of the spiral wing supporting arms; the other ends of the spiral wing supporting arms are used for fixing the spiral wings; and each hinge structure is specifically fixed on the unmanned aerial vehicle body in such a way that a hinge shaft on the unmanned aerial vehicle body runs through hollow shaft axes of the two terminals with the hollow shafts in each hinge structure. According to the embodiment of the invention, the hinge structures are skillfully applied to the folding of the spiral wings of the unmanned aerial vehicle through minimum folding components; and through design of step structures on the spiral wing folding arms, the stability and soundness of the whole folded unmanned aerial vehicle are ensured.


OBJECTIVE:To study the bioequivalence of Alendronate Sodium Tablets in healthy volunteers. METHODS:According to a paired and cross-over design,a bioequivalence test was performed on two different alendronate sodium tablets,10 mg (Group 1) and 70 mg (Group 2). Then each group was subdivided into two groups,i.e. test preparation and reference preparation. The urine concentrations of alendronate at different time point within 48 h were determined by HPLC and the urine excretion rate -time curve was drawn,and the DAS software was used to compute the pharmacokinetic parameters and the relative bioavailability of the tested formulation. RESULTS:The 90% confidence intervals of urine excretion rate of the tested formulations were 82.4% ~122.6% (Group 1) and 85.4% ~124.6% (Group 2),respectively and the maximum excretory rates were 80.3% ~131.5% (Group 1) and 82.3~136.5% (Group 2),respectively,compared with the reference formulations. CONCLUSION:The two different Alendronate Sodium Tablets and their respective reference formulations were proved to be bioequivalent in healthy volunteers.


P-Stars are a new class of compact stars made of up and down quarks in beta-equilibrium with electrons in an Abelian chromomagnetic condensate. We show that P-Stars are able to account for compact stars with R<6 Km, as well as stars with radius comparable with canonical Neutron Stars. We find that cooling curves of P-Stars compare rather well with observational data. We suggest that P-Matter produced at the primordial deconfinement transition is a viable candidate for baryonic Cold Dark Matter. Finally, we show that P-Stars are able to overcome the gravitational collapse even for mass much greater than 10^6 Solar Mass.


The theoretical calculations for different solvents in the gas phase have been evaluated by semi-empirical using (PM3) method and ab initio calculations using both HF/3-21G and DFT/B3LYP/3-21G methods. The physical properties of these solvents were compared between them to choose the best solvent to dissolve the phthalic anhydride-chitosan monomer, (I). These solvents are: dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethyl formamide, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-ethylene diamine, ethylene-carbonic acid and propylene-carbonic acid. The calculations show that (dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethyl formamide and 1,2-ethylene diamine) are the good solvents to dissolve the phthalic anhydridechitosan monomer, (I). The physical properties of the formation of phthalic anhydride-chitosan monomer, (I), were also calculated, using the parameters: dipole moment, HOMO, LUMO, hardness (I·), electronic chemical potential (I¼) and global electrophilicity index (I�). The results show that the computed geometrical parameters using the (PM3), (HF/3-21G) and (DFT/B3LYP/3-21G) are in good agreement with the experimental and the parameters play an important role to choose the best solvent. The synthesized N-phthaloyl chitosan polymer was also dissolved in many solvents in order to study the effect of solvent experimentally, but only three organic solvents (dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethyl formamide and 1,2-ethylene diamine) were found to be able to dissolve it. These results are in agreement with the theoretical calculations. Finally, these calculations are useful for choosing the best solvent to dissolve the polymer of phthali canhydride-chitosan monomer, (I).


Basic requirements of atomic oxygen ground-based simulation facility are introduced in this paper.And the performance of the coaxial source atomic oxygen facility is discribed.The practicability of the facility is analyzed in the speed (the energy) and the flux of atomic oxygen,homogeneity and repeatability of atomic oxygen flux density,synergistic action of atomic oxygen and ultrovoilet radiation,and measuring optical performances in-suit,etc.The test results show that the practicability of the facility is excellent.


On 21 May 2021, an earthquake of moment magnitude (Mw) 7.4 occurred near Maduo county in Qinghai Province China. This is the first major earthquake that occurred in the interior of the Bayan Har block in the Tibetan Plateau over the past 70 decades. Focusing on this event, we conducted a study on three-dimensional (3D) coseismic displacement reconstruction and its tectonic implication. We acquired both Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and optical imaging satellite imagery, including SAR images from Sentinel-1 and Advanced Land Observation Satellite-2 (ALOS-2) as well as the multi-spectrum images from the Sentinel-2 (S2) satellite. We applied the Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and pixel-offset tracking (POT) techniques to coseismic SAR data pairs and reconstructed two dimensional displacements. With the constructed displacement fields in multiple viewing directions, we resolved the 3D coseismic displacements (north-south, east-west, and up components) by integrating the regional strain model with variance components estimation (SM-VCE). We recommend using the standard deviation value at each grid cell, which can be calculated in the resampling, as the initial weight. Based on the resolved 3D coseismic displacements, we further estimated the dip angles for the two segments (F4 and F5) in the east of the rupture zone. The associated moment magnitude is about Mw7.4, which corresponds to the released energy of ∼ 1.74 × 10 20 Nm.


The ghastly pictures from Abu Ghraib have forced America to confront the reality of some of its tactics in the war on terror. The almost pornographic images have prompted quick condemnations of torture and the formation of a host of commissions to examine how the abuse came to pass. While many of the reports are yet to come, those already completed by Army investigators, independent commissions and reporters make clear that the abuse was not simply the product of "bad apples." Rather, it was at least in part the result of arrogance and callousness at the highest levels of government.


As the longest-serving faculty member in Western Kentucky University's Ogden College of Science and Engineering, Tom Richmond (firstname.lastname@example.com, MR ID 147925, ORCID 000-003-1883-8146) leads the faculty procession at his college commencement ceremonies. He likes to think this is a sign that his college is uniformly youthful. He is a member of the MAA Congress, representing the Kentucky Section.


Linear constraint solving in constraint logic programming requires in cremental checks of the satis ability of a system of equations and inequali ties Experience has shown that Gauss Jordan elimination and the simplex method are e cient enough to be of practical value in the implementation of CLP languages based on linear arithmetic constraints However these algorithms must be modi ed to accommodate the special demands of CLP execution First they must be applied incrementally Sec ondly they must co exist with backtracking An added consideration is that constraints containing new variables be brought into the constraint set e ciently Finally the recognition of any variable for which a unique value has been determined may be necessary for programs with non linear constraints In light of the special nature of the CLP constraint solving problem it is dif cult to make a clear theoretical argument in favor of one constraint solver over another Empirical comparisons are in order so that the nature of the typical CLP program can be taken into account The purpose of this paper is to describe and empirically compare a number of direct linear arithmetic constraint solvers for CLP focusing on programs which contain only equa tions or inequalities which immediately become ground


Recently, there has been increasing interest in the efficient use of energy due to policies related to the reduction of greenhouse gas. This paper suggests a highly efficient sea water cooling system for the load-dependent control of a seawater pump depending on the load, to improve energy efficiency of the warship. This study models the propulsion diesel engine and simulation reflecting the characteristics of the warship operation state that checked the performance of high efficiency sea water cooling system. The simulation results revealed the cooling system of high efficiency with energy savings of approximately 53% compared to the existing cooling systems. These results can be used to improve the performance of the cooling system of the warship propulsion diesel engine in the future.


ABSTRACT This article examines Operation Little Vittles (OLV), American pilot Gail Halvorsen's project dropping candy parachutes over blockaded Berlin in 1948. Halvorsen's actions inspired Americans across the globe to contribute to the humanitarian effort, resulting in an international operation providing sweets for children of the city. American response and engagement with the project illustrated the propaganda potential of the candy exchange, while simultaneously demonstrating the power of democracy's promise at a critical moment in post-World War II history. OLV promoted an image of abundance and compassion at a time when hearts and minds provided one of the greatest assets against Soviet expansion. By framing this story as an act of heroism benefitting innocent children, Americans overcame residual hostilities of the occupation and fostered a new relationship with the former enemy. The popularity of Little Vittles successfully mobilized the American people for participation in a global Cold War and highlighted a shift from a paternal to an avuncular presence abroad, embodied by Halvorsen's Uncle Wiggly Wings.


This paper describes the experimental and numerical investigation on the spray characteristics of diesel and dimethyl ether (DME) fuel according to the combustion chamber shape under ambient pressure injected through the common-rail system. For the experimental study, diesel and DME fuels were injected into combustion chambers with two shapes (narrow and conventional type). The investigation on the spray behavior according to the various injection conditions (injection pressure, duration, nozzle−wall distance, etc.) was conducted by the visualization system utilizing an Nd:YAG laser as the light source. In order to investigate the numerical study, a three-dimension computational grid was created as the shape of combustion chamber and thermodynamic properties of DME fuel were inserted into the KIVA code. Also, the hybrid breakup model combining the primary and secondary breakup was used to analyze the spray characteristics on the evaporation conditions. In the macroscopic characteristics such as the spray ...


The Internet has become the number one means of communication in the world using emails and social networks, it contains a large amount of data. Every Internet user can express himself freely and give his opinions and feelings, on any subject including companies. Those last ones are interested in improving their images, by analyzing the opinions presented in tweets or comments, and identifying weaknesses to correct them later.This paper focuses on a new topic that is E-reputation or electronic reputation, where we will analyze the tweets on Twitter of a mobile operator in Algeria "Djezzy". The study is divided into two parts, the first part is the pre-treatment where we eliminate noise and keep only the necessary information, the second part is using Machine Learning techniques and algorithms to detect the company's reputation between Internet users, based on the three languages: French, English and Arabic.