A finite element model was developed to simulate air flow through soil. The model was used to find the shape factor, A, for an air permeameter used to determine soil air permeability. The finite element model yielded more accurate results than an electrolytic model. It satisfies the boundary condition for the flow equation better, especially for measurements in the field. The ratios of shape factor to probe inside diameter (A/D) were determined and plotted as a function of the ratios of probe inside diameter to probe insertion depth (D/H). The finite element model can be used to predict shape factors for any soil insert dimensions. It is more flexible than the electrolytic model or calibration in determining soil air permeability.


SENDAS, F. de A. and ARAUJO, A. F. B. de. Inventory of The Reptile Community of Itatiaia National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Revista Universidade Rural: Serie Ciencias da Vida, Seropedica, RJ: EDUR, v. 24, n. 2, p. 151-157, jul.-dez., 2004. This work present the inventory of the species of the Itatiaia National Park, sampling a great number of different habitats. The inventory is a basic information to monitoring reptile populations and, in the future, to establish priorities of species management and conservation. We registered 51 reptiles, with nine lizards and 42 snakes species.


Copyright © 2015 American Society of Regio analgesic effectiveness, is opioid sparing, and potentially of long duration, with reported analgesia lasting up to 36 hours. When compared with neuraxial analgesia, TAP blocks are associated with lower incidences of hypotension and motor blockade. Transversus abdominis plane blocks are typically described as providing somatic analgesia with no effect on visceral pain. However, there may be certain conditions inwhich TAP blocks provide effective analgesia for pain of presumed visceral or mixed somatic and visceral origin. We encountered 6 consecutive cases in which patients suffering from pain considered to be of visceral origin received TAP blocks and enjoyed virtually complete pain relief. Two of the patients who suffered from pancreatitis were treated in the emergency department and described in an earlier report. The patient demographic information, clinical presentation, medical history, hospital intervention, agents used for the TAP block, and block onset time and duration are summarized in the Table 1. Each patient gave written consent for publication and/or other presentation of his or her case. Pain is often classified as visceral or somatic in origin for purposes of targeting analgesic interventions to the appropriate mechanism of action. The distinction between these types of pain may not be as well defined as previously thought. Immunohistochemical and electrophysiological studies have demonstrated significant overlap of somatic and visceral afferents in the dorsal horn of mammalian species. Spinal interneuron cross talk and associated potentiation or depression in the dorsal horn


All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have recently made remarkable progress owing to the emergence of polymerized small molecule acceptors. However, the fabrication of all-PSCs featuring high efficiency, desirable photostability and excellent...


Abstract : The results of model studies and experiments related to response of truncated conical shells to impulsive loading are presented. Theory of modeling is discussed in some detail, with particular emphasis on scaling of elastic and plastic response of shell structures when these structures are made of material different from those in a prototype structure (dissimilar materials). Work on development of dissimilar model materials and techniques for fabrication of conical shell models is then presented. Next, the experimental phase of the program, including test arrangement and instrumentation for both shock-tube and sprayed-explosive loadings, and results for maximum transient and residual displacements of the conical shells are discussed. The report is completed with conclusions on the study, and recommendations for further work to corroborate the concept of modeling of dynamic structural response using dissimilar materials. The report also includes supporting theoretical analyses as appendices. (Author)


The Aztecs used the word "tzauhtli" to name the glue extracted from Orchid bulbs, which was used as adhesive for feather mosaics. According to the 16th century chronicles tzauhtli could be obtained from different species of orchids. The use of tzauhtli in the manufacture of feather mosaics, will be described based on Sahagun. Since tzauhtli is a mucilague, a brief description of the chemistry of polysaccharides will be presented, as well as a method of identification using gas chromatography.


As drill ships and semi-submersibiles have moved into deeper water, their mooring has presented a problem of increasing difficulty and dynamic positioning, because of its independence of sea bottom anchorage, presents an increasingly attractive solution. Existing methods of determining the surface movement of the vessel away from its target position have shortcomings. The article proposes a technique designed to avoid these shortcomings.


The economic climate is pushing educational institutions toward larger class sizes and distance education. As both physical and virtual class sizes increase, the use of active learning becomes a challenge. The authors report a decade-long experience converting students from passive to active learners in a large classroom with an asynchronous distance component. As class size increases and a distance pathway is added, the foundational pedagogy, technology, active learning strategies, the integration of distance and campus pathways, and the teaching of intangibles are recounted. This chapter describes a model that achieves a reasonable, efficient, learner-centered, delivery of an educational experience.


The internationalization of SMEs(Small and Medium-sized Enterprises) needs to acquire resources by the network outside.But when it brings the benefits,social capital also takes the costs.This study will discuss the effect of the social capital on the result of the internationalization of SMEs,from the view of their horizontal and vertical ties separately.We get the following conclusions through a cross-case analysis on four representative firms:ties with other firms could help SME internationalize more successfully,while ties with government sections would have negative effect on the internationalization.


High lattice temperature effects on the electron transport transient in the 4H‐SiC c-parallel direction are studied within a single equivalent isotropic valley picture in the momentum and energy relaxation time approximation. The ultrafast transport regime occurs in a subpicosecond scale (<0.2ps), during which an overshoot in the electron drift velocity starts to be evident for high electric fields (≳60kV∕cm), depending on the lattice temperature. An increase of the electric field strength shifts the overshoot peak of the electron drift velocity to an earlier time. For a strong enough electric field, a higher lattice temperature cannot eliminate the electron drift overshoot effect, but can reduce it considerably due to a stronger electron-phonon scattering.


Abstract— With the exception of rad53, seven other X‐ray sensitive mutants of the rad50 serie of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were found to be more sensitive than the wild type to photoaddition of Afunctional (3‐methoxypsoralen) and monofunctional (3‐carbethoxypsoralen) furocoumarins. The magnitude of sensitivity to killing is dependent upon the locus and the phase of growth.


Abstract Thin films of titania (TiO2) doped with 1–5 wt-%Fe were spin coated on glass slides and then annealed at 500°C for 2 h. Results revealed that all of the films were ∼500 nm in thickness and consisted of anatase. Increasing the dopant levels revealed the following trends: the major (101) anatase peak shifted to larger lattice spacing [the peaks were normalised using the principal (210) chromium coating peak as an in situ standard]; the microstructures showed increasing shrinkage cracking, a phenomenon that has not been reported previously; the optical transmittance generally decreased; the amplitude of the transmittance curves generally decreased; and the optical indirect band gap decreased from 3·40 to 3·18 eV, possibly due to silicon contamination, residual thermal stress and/or the formation of midgap states from Fe doping.


This article analyzes the basic modern model of quality systems in higher education; the authors identify the most popular national and foreign quality assurance models, analysis of best practices to guarantee the quality of education and highlighted the main features of national and regional quality assurance in higher education.


PURPOSE: To prevent an optical filter from receiving a thermal damage by a method wherein the optical filter having specific transmittivity distribution is arranged on a position slightly slipped from the pupil of a projection lens or the conjugate surface with the pupil. CONSTITUTION: When there is no pattern positioned on a mask 1, an image on the secondary light source surface 5 is focussed on a lens pupil 3 on whose point P the local photointensity may be peaked. On the other hand, the local photointensity peak of the secondary light source image on the surface 5 slightly slipped in the direction of the optical axis from the lens pupil 3 will disappear. At this time, if an optical filter is arranged on the slipped surface S, the filtering work originally to be performed on the point P is performed in the region S. The amplitude transmittivity of the optical filter roughly changes normally in the radical direction so that the amplitude transmittivity in the region S can be considered to be almost equal to that at the point P. Accordingly, even if the filter designed assuming that filter is placed on the pupil 3 is positioned on the slipped surface S, it is presumable that the substantial effect may be almost equal to each other. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


It is discovered experimentally that, when placing a plate of dye BDN in a ring YAG laser cavity, the dye shows asymmetric control actions on the clockwise and counter-clockwise travelling waves. Unidirectional dye Q-switched operation is realized in a ring cavity based on this property without the use of Faraday rotator, polarizer and half-wave plate. A simplified theoretical analysis of this phenomenon is presented.


Ten years ago, researchers at Johnson & Johnson announced they were beginning clinical trials to treat tuberculosis with a novel diarylquinoline compound. It was the first antibacterial agent selective for TB to enter clinical trials in 40 years (Science 2004, DOI: 10.1126/science.1106753). The compound, known today as bedaquiline and marketed as Sirturo, has a mechanism of action that's distinct from all other TB-fighting drugs. It inhibits the proton pump of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium's ATP synthase enzyme, a first for any antibiotic. Researchers initially speculated the compound could dramatically cut the duration of treatment regimens for both multi-drug-resistant TB and drug-susceptible TB. "We were almost drooling over the possibility of using bedaquiline to treat drug-susceptible TB," which accounts for up to 90% of all TB cases worldwide, says Neil W. Schluger, a TB expert at Columbia University Medical Center. "In animal models, if you combined bedaquiline with the right other ...


The Industrial relations scenario of Orissa has been influenced by the liberalization of economy. Due to the traditional management system, too much dependence on the state ex-chequer and lack of competitive attitude in the state owned PSUs are either making a loss or being privatized or closed. The organizations, which have been privatized or are still making a profit, are carefully going for restructuring, downsizing, etc. for survival and growth in the competitive environment. The industrial relations scenario has been influenced by these factors. During the last decade strikes, lockouts, lay-offs, retrenchments, closures, etc. dominated the scenario. But there is a decreasing trend in the same in recent years. This is due to the acceptance of reality by managements, workers and trade unions. The role of the state is visible in setting the disputes through conciliation and adjudication proceedings. Conciliation seems to be faster to dispose the matters where as adjudication had become a time taking process. However in spite of financial difficulties the state has not failed in its duties to intervene and settle the disputes.


In the search for new, more stable homogeneous supports, we have investigated the use of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) based on fructose. These RTIL supports have been employed both in the support of reactants and reagents. They greatly facilitate product/by-product separation as well as enable recycling of the support. Key features that have been noted include the ability to tune the solubility/miscibility properties of the support to aid in separation and recycling and the potentially limited utility of these supports in situations that involve basic conditions.


SUMMARY

An integrated programme of pesticides and biological agents was used for the control of cucumber pests at seven sites in England in 1970. Tetranychus urticae was effectively controlled using the predacious mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. The parasite Encarsia formosa gave variable control of Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Tyrophagus longior was controlled by sprays of parathion applied to the beds or straw bales before planting at five of the six sites where control measures were used, and bed drenches of gamma-BHC or diazinon gave good control of Thrips tabaci. When used in this way, these pesticides did not aifect the biological control programme. The selective aphicide pirimicarb was used to control Aphis gossypii. Dimethirimol controlled cucumber powdery mildew early in the season but later applications gave control at only one site.


Objective:A sensitive and fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method was developed for the determination of acyclovir in human plasma.Methods:The column was SYMMETRY~(TM) C_(18) (3.9 mm×150 mm×5μm).The mobile phase consisted of methanol:water(15:85)and the flow rote was 0.6 mL/min.Detection was performed on a tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.The running time was 2 min.Results: Acyclovir has good line relation between 20.0~1 000.0 ng/mL.The limit of quantitation of acyclovir was 20.0 ng/mL.Inter-day and intra-day precision(RSD)of acyclovir was all within 15 % and the accuracy(RE)was all within±15%.Conclusion:The method is simple,fast,sensitive and accurate.It can be used for the determination of acyclovir in human plasma.


Abstract We report preliminary data for the first subject with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) treated with intracranial CAR T cells. BrainChild-03 (NCT04185038) is a phase 1 trial of repetitively-dosed locoregional B7-H3-specific CAR T cells for children with recurrent/refractory central nervous system (CNS) tumors or DIPG. DIPG patients enroll on Arm C, on which B7H3CARs are delivered into the ventricular system via a CNS reservoir catheter. This study does not use lymphodepletion. Primary endpoints are feasibility and safety, with second endpoints of disease response. This 18-year-old female (BrainChild-03 S005) with radiographically-classic DIPG and biopsy-confirmed H3 K27M mutation enrolled on Arm C after progression 552 days from diagnosis following focal radiation and temozolomide, irinotecan, and bevacizumab. Apheresis and manufacturing produced 4.2x109 second-generation B7H3CARs with a methotrexate-resistant human DHFR mutein (huDHFRFS; L22F,F31S) in a single transcript in combination with the B7-H3-specific CAR and EGFRt, each separated by a T2A linker, allowing methotrexate selection and enrichment. At time of submission, she has received 10 every-other-week outpatient infusions of 1x107 B7H3CARs (first dose on October 2, 2020). She has had no DLTs, but has experienced grade 2 fever and grade 2–3 headache peaking ~12–48 hours after each infusion. Following the 8th CAR T cell infusion, she experienced increased focal weakness and dysarthria at ~72 hours with resolution after 48 hours. She has not experienced cytokine release syndrome (CRS). She has stable disease 138 days post-initial CAR T cell infusion. Frequently collected correlative studies have detected viable B7H3CARs in the CSF post-infusion via flow cytometry. CSF cytokine analysis has revealed elevations of CXCL10, GM-CSF, and G-CSF following B7H3CAR infusions, without correlation in the serum. A second evaluable subject with DIPG has also received 4 locoregional doses of 1x107 B7H3CARs without a DLT. She also has stable disease and detectable viable B7H3CARs in the CSF.


C/FePt/Ti nano-thin films were prepared by DC facing-target magnetron sputtering system onto glass substrates at room temperature and subsequently in situ annealed for 500 °C 30 min in vacuum. The influence of C capping layer on microstructural and magnetic properties of the FePt films were investigated in detail. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images indicate that C can effectively isolate the particles, refine particle, and distribute; however, the particle size distribution is uneven for too much C. The easy magnetic axial orientation is changed with the C layer thickness.


In this paper, we investigate a queueing performance of an adaptive Type-I hybrid-Automatic Repeat reQuest(ARQ) scheme in a TDMA System over a non-stationary channel. In the system, we assume that an arriving message of variable size over a medium access control(MAC) layer consists of a number of unit information of fixed size. It is fragmented in MAC layer according to the payload size of ARQ block of fixed size and transmitted. The payload size of ARQ block varies in accordance with each channel state in order to increase the packet transmission success probability. The system of interest is modelled as a bulk arrivals and modulated bulk service in an infinite buffer and solved by a generating function approach. From the queueing analysis, we obtain the message delay, which is its queueing delay plus the time to transmit the entire message. From the numerical examples, the queueing performance of a non-adaptive hybrid type-I and adaptive one is compared.


Foreword Preface Introduction The Documents: Diplomatic & Administrative Aspects: 2.1 Appendices Divans of Amber & Jaipur (1660 to 1812) The Calendrical System Seals Measures, Weights & Currency Siyaq Numerals Calendar of Documents Texts & Translations Charts: The Maharajas of Amber & Jaipur (1621-1880) Grants in Favour of the Govinddevji Temple The Custodians of the Govinddevji Temple Kachavaha Revenue Administration Bibliography Index.


We have developed a metal oxide gas sensor based on a micro-heater structure on a membrane able to work until 550°C, with a power consumption equal to 60mW at this temperature. In this paper, we have presented the electro-thermal simulation of this structure with COMSOL TM , in order to check the temperature distribution on the surface, compare the maximum temperature between simulation and measurement for different power consumption, find the time necessary to obtain a stabilized temperature. The results obtained are: a good distribution of the temperature at the surface of the structure, the simulated and measured temperature curves in function of the power consumption are very close, the time required to stabilize the temperature of the membrane is about 60ms.


Children, and adults enjoy playing games. Way (2011) states that "experience tells us that games can be very productive learning activities". She also raises the following questions: • What should teachers say when asked to educationally justify the use of games in mathematics lessons? • Are some games better than others? • What educational benefits are there to be gained from games? When considering the use of games for teaching mathematics, educators should distinguish between an 'activity' and a 'game'. Gough (1999) states that "A 'game' needs to have two or more players, who take turns, each competing to achieve a 'winning' situation of some kind, each able to exercise some choice about how to move at any time through the playing". The key idea in this statement is that of 'choice'. In this sense, something like Snakes and Ladders is not a game because winning relies totally on chance. The players make no decisions, nor do they have to think further than counting. There is also no interaction between players, and nothing that one player does affects other players' turns in any way.


The aim of this study was to investigate the micronutrient potential of stinging nettle (Urtica simensis) grown in Ethiopia. For this experimental study, samples were collected from Chacha, North Shewa zone of Amhara Regional State in June, 2016. Samples were divided into three groups. Lyophilized group was directly stored at -80◦C whereas the other two groups underwent shade (at 20–22◦C for 9 days) or sun (for 11 hours and 20 minutes) drying processes. Vitamins such as carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, 9-cis-β-carotene, 13-cisβ-carotene, α-carotene and β-carotene), thiamine, vitamin C and α-tocopherol were analysed using HPLC at Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition whereas, minerals such as Ca, K, Mg, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, I and Se were measured at Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaftliche Chemie, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany. The total moisture content of the samples was about 84 %. Based on the lyophilized samples, the concentrations of thiamine, vitamin C and α-tocopherol were 62.19 + 3.04 μg/100 g, 105.63 + 5.27 μg/100 g and 1.53 + 0.03 mg/100 g, respectively. The concentrations of carotenoids were 11.96 + 0.257 mg/100 g lutein, 0.52 + 0.016 mg/100 g 9-cis-β-carotene, 0.30 + 0.13mg/100g 13-cisβ-carotene, 0.32 + 0.009 mg/100 g α-carotene and 7.92 + 0.15 mg/100 g β-carotene. They have high content of Ca (813.04 + 2.29 mg/100 g), K (899.90 + 4.06 mg/100 g), Fe (21.25 + 0.76 mg/100 g) and Zn (1.28 + 0.04 μg/100 g). Comparing the three drying processes, lyophilized group contained the highest concentrations of lutein, β-carotene and minerals. In conclusion, Urtica simensis is a rich indigenous micronutrient resources to curb the issue of hidden hunger in Ethiopia.


Movies or Cinema is the virtual world of bilateral communication. These are visual media that tell stories and exposes reality. They, in first place take from society and in other returns it back with additional elements. It uses all the elements from all other arts. This has always been a great debate, if films influences society or society is in itself is being reflected in films. Undoubtedly there is a thread reflection in both. Several questions have been discussed hitherto about the mutual dependence of society and cinema on each other. Since the very first 'Chalchitra' of Indian Cinema, i.e. 'Raja Harish Chandra', our films have become the most impactful media for mass communication in India. Its significance varies for different strata of life, for some it is nothing more than a lucrative business and some it is an art work. But for movie buffs, casual cinema goers and critics it is beyond this purview. For them it is an image of themselves, image of society, reflection of their unfulfilled and fulfilled dreams, aspirations, contradictions and frustrations. The paper discusses not only the two dimensional aspect of cinema but reciprocal connection of Hollywood, Bollywood and Indian society, it talks about the extent of impression that these three entities making on each other. If talking about Indian spectators particularly, they revere the protagonists and performers. They see themselves in it and try to become like them. My attempt is to explore the complex but natural association and the sequential impact of Hollywood on Bollywood and further Bollywood's on Indian society and also the impact of India on both of these conglomerates.


National occupational health standards——Diagnostic Criteria for Skin Cancer Induced by Radiation has been approved and issued by the Ministry of Health. Based on the extensive research of literature, systematic study of the relevant laws and regulations, this standard was enacted according to its making principles. This standard is mainly used for diagnosis of skin cancer induced by radiation accident and medical radiation. To implement this standard, and to diagnose and treat external radiation skin cancer patient correctly and promptly, the contents of this standard were interpreted in this article.

Key words:
Skin neoplasms; Radiation injuries; Occupational health criteria


We investigate the assembly of groups and clusters of galaxies using the Millennium dark matter simulation and the associated Millennium gas simulations, and semi-analytic catalogues of galaxies. In particular, in order to find an observable quantity that could be used to identify early-formed groups, we study the development of the difference in magnitude between their brightest galaxies to assess the use of magnitude gaps as possible indicators. We select galaxy groups and clusters at redshift z= 1 with dark matter halo mass M(R200) ≥ 1013 h−1 M⊙, and trace their properties until the present time (z= 0). We consider only the systems with X-ray luminosity LX,bol≥ 0.25 × 1042 h−2 erg s−1 at redshift z= 0. While it is true that a large magnitude gap between the two brightest galaxies of a particular group often indicates that a large fraction of its mass was assembled at an early epoch, it is not a necessary condition. More than 90 per cent of fossil groups defined on the basis of their magnitude gaps (at any epoch between 0 < z < 1) cease to be fossils within 4 Gyr, mostly because other massive galaxies are assembled within their cores, even though most of the mass in their haloes might have been assembled at early times. We show that compared to the conventional definition of fossil galaxy groups based on the magnitude gap Δm12≥ 2 (in the R-band, within 0.5 R200 of the centre of the group), an alternative criterion Δm14≥ 2.5 (within the same radius) finds 50 per cent more early-formed systems, and those that on average retain their fossil phase longer. However, the conventional criterion performs marginally better at finding early-formed groups at the high-mass end of groups. Nevertheless, both criteria fail to identify a majority of the early-formed systems.


This dissertation presents a study of the +mpihiragasy;, a group of popular singers of madagascar who practice the hiragasy popular song. The hiragasy is a musical show in which traditional songs are mixed with modern and Christian melodies. It is a discourse expressed in a narrative and a musical form. It stands halfway between traditional musical art and modern songs, between secular games and religious worship, between oral tradition and written culture. However, human life {aina) and its soul (fanahy), which is sustained by solidarity (fihavanana) forms its most permanent content. Since the hiragasy was born within the merina kingdom of the 19th century, the mpihiragasy have natural or cultural ties with the kings, the queens and the royal singers of this time. The mpihiragasy originate for the most part from servants of the sovereigns {mainty) of that century. Later on, groups of slaves, of hova and of royal family/house joined them and spread the hiragasy. At present, both the mpihiragasy and their public are mostly peasants. The mpihiragasy are forced to add cultural alliances to their network of biological kin in order to build unity and solidarity among all, performers and non-performers. They duplicate royal and social contracts, oaths or pledges of fidelity in order to express their link to the "world of the past". Sociopolitical and economic difficulties strengthen their reference to the past. However, these strong ties with the past could enable the mpihiragasy to foresee the future of themselves and their art if the relationships between the people and their leaders are improved.


Frail older people have often had to choose between residential care and staying in their own homes with community care services. Both have disadvantages. The development of very sheltered housing in Wolverhampton has shown that there is a better way to meet the needs of frail and disabled older people.


The gray relation analysis method has a characteristic that the calcu lation is simple and the conception is obvious, and it can reflect the sequence relation between different water qualities. The method was applied to syntheti ca lly assess a source of plan development. The assessment results are very good .


Abstract Background Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is often diagnosed as a sub‐type from the castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) recurred from the second generation of anti‐androgen treatment and is a rapidly progressive fatal disease. The molecular mechanisms underlying the trans‐differentiation from CRPC to NEPC are not fully characterized, which hampers the development of effective targeted therapy. Methods Bioinformatic analyses were conducted to determine the clinical correlation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) in CRPC progression. To investigate the transcriptional regulation SphK1 and neuroendocrine (NE) transcription factor genes, both chromosome immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter gene assays were performed. To demonstrate the role of SphK1 in NEPC development, neurosphere assay was carried out along with several biomarkers determined by quantitative PCR and western blot. Furthermore, in vivo NEPC xenograft models and patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model were employed to determine the effect of SphK1 inhibitors and target validation. Results Significant prevalence of SphK1 in NEPC development is observed from clinical datasets. SphK1 is transcriptionally repressed by androgen receptor‐RE1‐silencing transcription factor (REST) complex. Furthermore, sphingosine 1‐phosphate produced by SphK1 can modulate REST protein turnover via MAPK signaling pathway. Also, decreased REST protein levels enhance the expression of NE markers in CRPC, enabling the transition to NEPC. Finally, specific SphK1 inhibitors can effectively inhibit the growth of NEPC tumors and block the REST protein degradation in PDX. Conclusions SphK1 plays a central role in NEPC development, which offers a new target for this lethal cancer using clinically approved SphK1 inhibitors.


The rapidly expanding field of combinatorial chemistry has stimulated the development of new methods and synthetic strategies for assembly of compound libraries. We propose four criteria that are desirable for synthetic routes to such libraries:  (1) the sequence involves a small number of steps; (2) no more than one variable is introduced in any step; (3) starting materials are readily obtained with a diverse selection of substituents, and (4) cyclic, nonoligomeric structures represent the most interesting targets. Guided by these criteria, we have explored an intramolecular version of the azomethine ylide cycloaddition reaction which utilizes readily available amino acids, aldehydes, and 2° amines as inputs. We prepared a number of cycloadducts in solution to optimize conditions and examine the scope of the process and to identify a synthetic strategy that would be amenable to solid-phase synthesis of these compounds. Transfer of the sequence to solid phase was demonstrated by the synthesis of a number ...


As the active contour model(Snake model) is widely used in automatic missions,higher robustness and adaptability of the model are required.Due to the contraction,over-flatten effect on contour and scale variance of the traditional model,the adjustment of its parameter is quite difficult and hard to be automatically decided by program.Our constantly changing curvature based internal force model is scale invariant.Besides keeping the smoothness and continuity of the contour,no side effect is introduced and the robustness of model parameters is increased greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed model greatly improves the ability of detecting the accurate contour of the target,and even works well for the contour with high curvature position and concavity.Because of fast attenuation of internal force and insensitivity to addition and deletion of contour points,the model is guaranteed to converge quickly and steadily to the expected contour.


Remote sensing can aid in identifying and locating indicators of wind power potential from the terrestrial, marine, and atmospheric environments (i.e.: wind-deformed trees, white caps, and areas of thermal flux). It is not considered as a tool for determining wind power potential. A wide variety of remotely sensed evidence is described in terms of the scale at which evidence of wind power can be identified, and the appropriate remote sensors for finding such evidence. Remote sensing can be used for regional area prospecting using small-scale imagery. The information from such small-scale imagery is most often qualitative, and if it is transitory, examination of a number of images to verify presistence of the feature may be required. However, this evidence will allow rapid screening of a large area. Medium-scale imagery provides a better picture of the evidence obtained from small-scale imagery. At this level it is best to use existing imagery. Criteria relating to land use, accessibility, and proximity of candidate sites to nearby transmission lines can also be effectively evaluated from medium-scale imagery. Large-scale imagery provides the most quantitative evidence of the strength of wind. Wind-deformed trees can be identified at a large number of sites using only a fewmore » hours in locally chartered aircraft. A handheld 35mm camera can adequately document any evidence of wind. Three case studies that employ remote sensing prospecting techniques are described. Based on remotely sensed evidence, the wind power potential in three geographically and climatically diverse areas of the United States is estimated, and the estimates are compared to actual wind data in those regions. In addition, the cost of each survey is discussed. The results indicate that remote sensing for wind power potential is a quick, cost effective, and fairly reliable method for screening large areas for wind power potential.« less


A series of isoxazolo[4,5‐d]pyridazin‐4(5H)‐one hybrids with N‐acylhydrazone structure was prepared and screened for their cytotoxic activities. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of the target molecules was evaluated against a panel of sixty cancer cell lines (NCI‐60) by the National Cancer Institute. Seven of the target compounds showed prominent % inhibition against various cancer cell lines at the one‐dose assay and were subsequently screened for five‐dose assay. 4d, 4e and 4g (full panel mean graph midpoint GI50=9.33, 5.25 and 7.94 μM) emerged as the most promising derivatives against multiple cancer cell lines in comparison with 5‐fluorouracil and gefitinib (full panel mean graph midpoint GI50=18.60 and 3.46 μM). They exhibited remarkable antiproliferative activity with GI50 values submicromolar concentrations against some of the cell lines. The compounds were also found to display mild toxicity to the healthy cells compared to the cancer cell lines indicating safety. Druglikeness and high oral bioavailability were predicted for most of the compounds. As a result, a current study unveiled isoxazolo[4,5‐d]pyridazin‐4(5H)‐ones bearing N‐acylhydrazone as promising anticancer agents with antiproliferative effects.


Copy right Idea Grou p Inc. Copy right Idea Grou p Inc ABSTRACT This research reports some further findings of an ongoing investigation into conceptual, academic, and soft skills that IS/IT practitioners regard as important in new graduates. The results confirm the work of others indicating that soft skills such as teamwork are seen as far more important that the hard skills such as programming. Surprisingly, skills in traditional business subjects such as accounting and economics were rated relatively lowly. The research findings reported here present some evidence that "business subjects" such as those mentioned above do not equate to the business skills that employers of IS graduates are seeking in new hires. An explanation for an apparent conflict with anecdotal views and current findings is suggested. Towards a Profession of Information Systems and Technology: The Relative Importance of "Hard" and "Soft" Skills for IT Practitioners


This paper presents an analysis of the effect of different types of sounds on visual gaze when a person is looking freely at videos, which would be helpful to predict eye position. In order to test the effect of sound, an audio-visual experiment was designed with two groups of participants, with audio-visual (AV) and visual (V) conditions. By using statistical tools, we analyzed the difference between eye position of participants with AV and V conditions. We observed that the effect of sound is different depending on the kind of sound, and that the classes with human voice (i.e. speech, singer, human noise and singers) have the greatest effect. Furthermore, the results of the distance between sound source and eye position of the group with AV condition, suggested that only particular types of sound attract human eye position to the sound source. Finally, an analysis of the fixation duration between AV and V conditions showed that participants with AV condition move eyes more frequently than those with V condition.


Low spatial and spectral resolution hyperspectral image will always degrade the performance of the subsequent applications, such as classification and object detection. The desired hyperspectral image is assumed to be reconstructed based on both high spatial and spectral features, which are always represented using endmembers and their abundances. In this paper, we propose a hyperspectral spatial and spectral resolution enhancement algorithm based on spectral unmixing and spatial constraints to simultaneously obtain high spatial-spectral resolution result. An intermediate high spatial but low spectral resolution HSI is introduced to establish mapping scheme of abundances and endmembers between low resolution input and desired high spatial-spectral resolution result. Experiments on the Sandigo dataset have illustrated that the proposed method is comparable or superior to other state-of-art methods.


Variable curvature stent trim (100) is disclosed. Sten trim has the shape of a S-shaped which makes it possible to compress and it to a substantially flat condition. The stent formed from a plurality of variable curvature stent trim (100) (195), it can be highly compressed to fit a flat delivery device. The stent (100) is useful for the diameter of the wide range of the body of the tube obtained, the stent to provide a more controlled constant radial force, may have a longer fatigue life.


As part of an ongoing effort to improve the safe use of drugs in clinical practice, the FDA has contracted with four healthcare organizations to perform drug safety studies using large databases from across the country.


Hospital pharmacy has assumed the full-hospitalized patients medication.It saves a lot of drugs,so it is particularly important to guarantee the quality of drugs.According to hospital drug management requirements and lessons learned,our hospital strengthen the drug managemnet through drug inventory,special drug administration,dissolution drugs,returned drugs,excess drugs and spare medicines management,in order to ensure medication safety of patients.


Prefailure microdamage in bone tissue is considered to be the most detrimental factor in defining its strength and toughness with respect to age and disease. To understand the influence of microcracks on bone mechanics it is necessary to assess their morphology and three‐dimensional distribution. This requirement reaches beyond classic histology and stereology, and methods to obtain such information are currently missing. Therefore, the aim of the study was to develop a methodology that allows to characterize three‐dimensional microcrack distributions in bulk bone samples.


For numerous applications, the computation and provision of exact derivative information plays an important role for optimizing the considered system but quite often also for its simulation. This presentation introduces the technique of Algorithmic Differentiation (AD), a method to compute derivatives of arbitrary order within working precision. Quite often an additional structure exploitation is indispensable for a successful coupling of these derivatives with state‐of‐the‐art optimization algorithms. The talk will discuss two important situations where the problem‐inherent structure allows a calculus‐based optimization. Examples from aerodynamics and nano optics illustrate these advanced optimization approaches.


To deeply understand the interaction mechanism between the two phases, both shock wave experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are carried out to study the propagation of shock waves and the dispersion process of solid quartz sand particles. The results show that transmission and reflection occur during the interaction between the shock wave and particle. When the Mach number is 1.53, the incident pressure is 154.6 kPa and the reflected pressure is 342.4 kPa. The transmitted pressure rapidly decays due to the exchange of momentum and energy, the particle front gradually changes from horizontal to mushroom shape, and a rising three-dimensional annular vortex is formed obliquely above the particles due to the entrainment effect. The simulated and experimental results are in good agreement, thereby indicating the validity of the numerical model. In addition, based on the response surface method and a series of experimental data, a mathematical model of the dispersion distance of solid particles under the action of shock waves is proposed. It is beneficial for prediction and scientific research for the development of industrial systems.


The results of analyses of coloured plasters are given in the paper. The samples come from traditional folk earth houses from SE and Central Moravia and were chosen so as all of the most common colours of the Central European folk architecture are present among them: red, yellow, blue, green, and black. The analyses were conducted by the means of light microscopy, which is also a powerful tool for stratigraphical analyses, X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectrometry, end electron microanalysis. Hematite of industrial origin was identified as the red pigment, the yellow one was formed by yellow earth, which also may be a precursor for traditional production of red dye. The widest used blue pigment was ultramarine in the 19th and the first half of 20th century in Moravia. The analysed green pigments were formed by an organic dye of green earth and the black one consisted of soot. Based on the sort and composition of pigment and plaster, the age of the material is also discussed.


Quantitative numerical models for integrating known geological, geophysical, and geochemical processes, including 3D basin simulation and visualization, are important innovations that are helping to reduce the cost of exploration. It is unfortunate that against this background, in Pakistan there still exist some unventured sedimentary basins and untested plays. This article discusses in some detail one of the unventured regions, the Peshawar basin, and an untested play area, the Punjab platform zone. The intermontane Peshawar basin lies immediately north of Potwar-Kohat basin, the latter the site of several oilfields. Source rocks for gas, condensate, and possibly oil exist in the Sulaiman Range located in the Punjab zone.


We provide a unifying empirical framework to study why crime reductions occurred due to a sequence of state-level dropout age reforms enacted between 1980 and 2010 in the United States. Because the reforms changed the shape of crime-age profiles, they generate both a short-term incapacitation effect and a more sustained crime-reducing effect. In contrast to previous research looking at earlier US education reforms, we find that reform-induced crime reduction does not arise primarily from education improvements. Decomposing short- and long-run effects, the observed longer-run effect for the post-1980 education reforms is primarily attributed to dynamic incapacitation.


The objective of this investigation was to initiate numerous sets of concrete-soil half-cell tests to quantify 1) diffusion of I and Tc from concrete into uncontaminated soil after 1 and 2 years, 2) I and Re (set 1) and Tc (set 2) diffusion from fractured concrete into uncontaminated soil, and 3) evaluate the moisture distribution profile within the sediment half-cell. These half-cells will be section in FY2009 and FY2010. Additionally, 1) concrete-soil half-cells initiated during FY2007 using fractured prepared with and without metallic iron, half of which were carbonated using carbonated, were sectioned to evaluate the diffusion of I and Re in the concrete part of the half-cell under unsaturated conditions (4%, 7%, and 15% by wt moisture content), 2) concrete-soil half cells containing Tc were sectioned to measure the diffusion profile in the soil half-cell unsaturated conditions (4%, 7%, and 15% by wt moisture content), and 3) solubility measurements of uranium solid phases were completed under concrete porewater conditions. The results of these tests are presented.


Liquid membrane applied in soil has a good soil moisture conservation and evaporation suppression performance. Application of spectrum analysis technology to understand its structure and micro morphological characteristics will be help to reveal the soil moisture conservation mechanism of liquid membrane. In this paper, we used the three types of liquid membrane as the research object based on the laboratory preparation, with infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) as the means, analysis the soil moisture mechanism of liquid membrane. The results showed that the -OH between the CMC and PVA generated intermolecular hydrogen bonds, the formation of hydrogen bonds between molecules of the two components strengthened the two-phase's compatibility, increasing the liquid membrane's effective groups and forming a dense mesh structure.ESEM observation showed that liquid membrane can effectively cementing soil particles, generating the soil-membrane structure, reducing soil moisture to evaporate, improve soil moisture conservation performance.


We present a numerical modeling tool for engineering applications related to materials and systems having internal frictional contacts in their structure. The technique is based on a semi-analytica...


The application effect of formula fertilization by soil testing on early rice was conducted.The result showed that the rice tillers and effective spikes could be promoted by formula fertilization.The filled grains and 1 000-grain weight in formula fertilization by soil testing plot were higher than that in normal and lack fertilizer plots.The yield was significantly increased by applying N,P and K fertilizer with the increment of 15.92% compared to the normal fertilizer plots.The influence order of fertilize to yield was K,N and P fertilizer.


[Objective] This paper was conducted to study the toxicity of herbicide nicosulfuron to liver function in rats.[Method] Four groups of rats(600,120,50 and 0 mg body weight per kg) were fed with nicosulfuron with edible oil.Body weight changes of rats in each group were detected weekly during the test.Viscera coefficient were calculated,and ALT,AST and ALP activities were detected as well as the serum and liver MDA contents and the pathological changes of liver tissue.[Result] Compared with the control group,there were no significant differences among rat body weight,viscera coefficient and liver function index.But the high dosage group had light pathological changes.[Conclusion] Nicosulfuron showed dose-dependent on the toxicity of rat liver.Its toxicity on other viscera and chronic toxic effect still remained to be further researched.


Carsharing is one of the effective ways to relieve the problems of traffic jams, parking difficulties, and air pollution. In recent years, the numbers of carsharing services and their members have remarkably increased around the world. The project of electric carsharing in Shanghai, called EVCARD, has also developed rapidly with very large demand and supply. Aiming to determine the optimal locations of future stations of the EVCARD, this research employs a novel method combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographical information system (GIS) with big data. Potential users, potential travel demand, potential travel purposes, and distance from existing stations are selected as the decision criteria. A siting decision system is established, consisting of 15 evaluation indicators which are calculated from multi-source data on mobile phones, taxi trajectory, point of interests (POI), and the EVCARD operation. The method of the AHP is used to determine the indicator weights, and the "Spatial Analyst" tool of ArcGIS is adopted to generate the indicator values for every 1 km × 1 km decision unit. Finally, synthetic scores are calculated to evaluate the candidate sites of EVCARD stations. The results of the case study verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can provide a more scientific and feasible method for carsharing operators to site stations, avoiding aimless and random decisions.


When flooding occurs, people should be evacuated safely to designated shelters along the optimal routes to minimize serious damages on lives and properties. However, in general, only limited information related to evacuation procedures and using a directional arrow to indicate existing shelters is provided on the evacuation map. Moreover, the evacuation routes leading to nearby shelters are not presented effectively to people in an emergency situation. This paper aimed to provide an approach to generate a flood evacuation cartogram based on an actual evacuation. The proposed time–distance cartogram preserves the topological characteristics by minimizing distortion in transforming the evacuation routes. To empirically evaluate its application, we applied the proposed method to Siheung city in Korea. As a result, optimal shelter and evacuation routes were derived by considering significant factors influencing the actual access to the facilities. Moreover, the flood evacuation cartogram provides a more intuitive visualization than classic topographic maps, by relocating shelters and reshaping the routes intended for evacuation. The suggested method is significant as it provides practical flood evacuation information effectively and intuitively, and the generated cartograms as empirical results also provide helpful insights for more efficient evacuation plans.


Oxo- and alkoxo-bridged dimeric molybdenum(III) ethylenediamine complexes, [Mo2(µ-O)(µ-R)(en)4]3+ (R = Ome (3); R = Oet (4)) were synthesized from the mononuclear complex [MoCl3(thf)3], and were characterized structurally, spectroscopically, and electrochemically, where the methoxy- and ethoxy-bridges were introduced by using methanol and ethanol as the solvent, respectively. The electronic spectra of 3 and 4 have characteristic peaks in visible and near infrared region, and the addition of acid causes a dramatic decrease of the peak heights.


This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution permitted for non-commercial purposes only. Abstract Aims: Previous studies have revealed that the increased shedding of syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles (STBM) may lead to preeclampsia (PE). We aimed to identify the proteins carried by STBM and their potential pathological roles in early-onset severe PE. Methods: In this study, we performed a differential proteomic analysis of STBM from early-onset severe PE patients, using iTRAQ isobaric tags and 2D nano LC-MS/MS. STBM were generated by the in vitro explant culture method, and then verified by electron microscopy and western blot analysis. Results: A total of 18 533 unique peptides and 3 317 proteins were identified, 3 292 proteins were quantified. We identified 194 differentially expressed proteins in STBM from early-onset severe PE patients, 122 proteins were up-regulated and 72 proteins were down-regulated. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that mitochondrion, transmembrane transport and transmembrane transporter activity were the most abundant categories in gene ontology (GO) annotation. Glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis, citrate cycle, fatty acid elongation, steroid hormone biosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation were the five significantly Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry represented pathways. Four differentially expressed proteins (siglec-6, calnexin, CD63 and S100-A8) related to inflammation, coagulation or immunoregulation were independently verified using western blot. Conclusions: The identification of key proteins carried by STBM may serve not only as a basis for better understanding and further exploring the etiology and pathogenesis of PE, but also as potential biomarkers and in providing targets for future therapy in PE, especially in early-onset severe PE(sPE).


Medical emergency response teams optimally involve interdisciplinary expertise, including pharmacists. A pharmacist may make therapy recommendations, prepare medications, and act as a drug information resource, which are important skills for a postgraduate year one pharmacy resident (PGY1) to develop. Limited data exist evaluating current national practices for PGY1 emergency response.


The first evidence that adrenocortical hyperplasia involves a fault in steroid metabolism was provided by Butler and Marrian (1-3) with the isolation of large amounts of pregnane-3a,17a,20atriol from three cases of adrenocortical hyperplasia. This compound was later isolated by Mason and Kepler (4) from three patients with hyperplasia and also from a patient with an adrenocortical tumor, and by Miller and Dorfman (5) from a further case of adrenal hyperplasia. More recently Cox and Marrian (6) isolated it in small quantities from the urine of normal men. The closely related compound pregnane-3a,17a,20atriol-1 1-one was isolated from the urine of two patients with adrenocortical hyperplasia by Finkelstein, v. Euw, and Reichstein (7) and more recently by Fukushima, Meyer, Ashworth, and Gallagher (8). The demonstration of the effectiveness of cortisone administration in the relief of symptoms of adrenocortical hyperplasia by Wilkins, Lewis, Klein, and Rosemberg (9) stimulated research into steroid metabolism in this condition. A method for the quantitative estimation of pregnane-3a,17a,20a-triol and other 17,20-dihydroxy-20 methyl steroids ("acetaldehydogenic steroids") was developed by Cox (10). The acid and enzymic hydrolysis of conjugates of these steroids and their chromatographic separation were investigated by Cox and Marrian (11, 6). Bongiovanni, Clayton, and Eberlein (12, 13), using a reaction based on chromogen production with sulfuric acid, have estimated the excretion of a pregnanetriol-like fraction in adrenocortical hyperplasia, and Zondek and Finkelstein (14, 15) have used fluorometric estimation of a pregnanetriolone-


Summary form only given, as follows. No software system is static. A useful one evolves rapidly: the greater the number of users, the more rapid the change. How does one design for change? How does one treat specification dynamically? The issues that must be treated are local and global prototyping, rapid reconfiguring, and the control of function access and diffusion. What are the properties of an implementation language that are crucial? Why is a Lisp-based implementation language preferable to Ada? Does machine architecture play an important part? Can one separate portability from evolution?.<<ETX>>


Few would dispute that outward-oriented development strategies are key to efficient industrial development, which in turn is vital for increasing income, reducing debt, and creating dynamics for growth in the Third World. However, how to initiate outward-oriented industrial development -- particularly in less developed countries (LDCs) with unfavorable start-up conditions -- is unclear. The success stories of the East Asian newly industrializing economies (NIEs) are well-known, but practical and specific lessons from their success in world markets need to be articulated -- particularly for the LDCs that lack initially favorable conditions for entry into those markets. This paper provides an overview of such lessons. The East Asian NIEs covered in this paper are Hong Kong, Singapore, Korea and Taiwan Province. References to Japan's experience at the early stage of its export development are included in relevant sections.


The effect of three value-added manures viz., vermicompost, NADEP compost and FYM was evaluated for crop production and maintaining soil mineral N and organic C pools in an Inceptisol under a maize-wheat cropping system. Vermicompost was prepared from various farm wastes using Eisenia foetida and cattle dung (5%, w/w). NADEP compost was prepared using mixed crop residues like maize, oat, berseem, jowar, lobia and seasonal grasses and cattle dung (2%, w/w) in pit, while FYM was prepared by trench method using cattle dung. Data revealed that yield and N uptake by maize and wheat due to conjoint use of valueadded manures and chemical fertilizers increased significantly over application of value-added manures alone. Mineral N and microbial biomass N (MBN) in soil improved significantly with application of 100% NPK than plots receiving organic manures alone as well as integrated use of manures and 50% NPK. Plots amended with value-added manures maintained higher soil organic carbon (SOC) pools viz., Walkley Black C (WBC), KMnO4-oxidizable labile C (LBC), microbial biomass C (MBC) and mineralizable C (Cmin) over control. The effect in improving SOC pools further enhanced in plots amended with conjoint use of valueadded manure (5 Mg ha−1) and 50% NPK fertilizers than plots amended with value-added manure alone. Pearson's correlation matrix showed significant and positive relationships between yield, N uptake by crops with soil mineral N, MBN and pools of SOC. The results demonstrated that integrated use of valueadded manures along with 50% NPK fertilizers could maintain higher mineral N and SOC pools, which may be considered as a feasible and environment-friendly option for recycling various farm wastes including crop residues and cattle dung into a value-added product, thereby effecting a 50% saving on costly chemical fertilizers.


Coal ofthis stitdy was the Development of a protocolfor the registration ofevoked magneticßelds over tlw lumbar spine using ojf-the-shelf equipment. Three subjects in a sitring position with their torso bent slightly fonvard were stimulated at the tibial nerve with a commercially available stimidator. Neuromagnetic ßelds were regvitered over a circidar. 800 cm area of the lumbosacral spine using a 61-channel 4D-Neiiroimaging biomagnetometer. After appropriate Signal processing, dipolar magnetic ßelds with a ßeld streiigth 5-17 JT peak-to~peak amplimde were detected in three out offour registrations. Location and orientation ofthese ßelds concurred with the expected evoked compound action currents along the course ofthe nerve ßbers. Keywords'. Magnetoneurography, tibial nerve, somatosensory evoked magnetic ßelds, lumbar spine


Perioceutics or use of the pharmacological agents specifically developed to manage periodontitis is an interesting and emerging aids in the development of periodontal disease along with the mechanical debridement. The purpose of host modulatory agent which is a imperative part of perioceutic, is to restore balance between, on the one hand, pro inflammatory mediators and destructive enzymes, and on the other hand, anti-inflammatory mediators and enzyme. Host modulatory therapy (HMT) is a treatment concept that aims to reduce tissue destruction and stabilize or even regenerate the periodontium by modifying or down regulating destructive aspects of the host response and up regulating protective or regenerative responses. This paper review the Host Modulatory Therapy which in future will be the effective tool dental practitioners when used as adjunct to mechanical therapy in treating periodontal diseases.


A new class of fuzzy constrained multi-objective games with fuzzy payoffs (FCMGFPs) is considered in this paper. First, Berge's maximum theorem for the fuzzy-vector-valued function is obtained. Based on this theorem and the Fan-Glicksberg fixed point theorem, the existence theorem of the fuzzy Pareto-Nash equilibrium for the FCMGFP is established. Second, the abstract rationality function for the FCMGFP is given by using a nonlinear scalarization function of interval vectors. Finally, a series of results, such as structural stability ($ (\gamma, \epsilon) $-stability) and robustness to $ \epsilon $-equilibrium ($ (\gamma, \epsilon) $-robustness), are obtained.


Our first two articles address decisions involving the passage of time. First, Steven A. Lippman and John W. Mamer explore the question of whether making "Exploding Offers" is beneficial to an employer seeking to hire or, in a more general framing of the question, to a purchaser of an asset. Next, in "Dynamic Purchase Decisions Under Regret: Price and Availability," Enrico Diecidue, Nils Rudi, and Wenjie Tang examine situations in which a person can make a forward purchase in period 1 or a spot purchase in period 2. Our next two articles involve game theoretic models. In our third article, Steven A. Lippman and Kevin F. McCardle model joint decision making (motivated by dividing up a fortune) via "Embedded Nash Bargaining: Risk Aversion and Impatience." The fourth article is "Robust Adversarial Risk Analysis: A Level-k Approach," by Laura McLay, Casey Rothschild, and Seth Guikema. The final article is on "A Framework for Solving Hybrid Influence Diagrams Containing Deterministic Conditional Distributions," by Yijing Li and Prakash P. Shenoy.


Abstract : Aerodynamic prediction software is often used in the early stages of missile systems designed to quickly and accurately estimate the aerodynamics of a wide variety of missile configuration designs operating over many different flight regimes. It is also possible to use these empirical packages to validate flight data collected from wind tunnel tests and other open sources. Analysis of such data provides users with insights to the performance of a particular missile system and if necessary, enables the development of an appropriate defense system. Wind tunnel test data on an SA-2 class missile modified by suitable modeling was provided by MSIC. For this Thesis, this data set became the bench-mark for validating the Missile Datcom (97) empirical code that was used to compute the performance of the missile. The missile geometry was modeled using the interface Missile Lab. A series of simulations for different flight operating conditions was carried out. The primary quantities compared were the axial force coefficient, CA and the skin friction coefficient, Cf. This Thesis describes the results obtained along with the geometry changes that became necessary to obtain reasonable agreement.


In this article the possibilities of reasoning about the card version of the game Clue by using OTTER - system for automatic theorem proving have been presented. The game Clue, as game based on knowledge have been modelled by PVETO logic - propositional multi-modal epistemic logic with temporal parameter adapted for reasoning with OTTER. PVETO logic is an extension of S5m logic and it's most important characteristics are the introduction of special derivation predicates for every participant in the card game and introduction of temporal parameter. Temporal parameter refers to the moment of time in which we follow the truthfulness of the epistemic formulae.


ABSTRACT Phosphoenolpyruvate inhibited Escherichia coli NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase allosterically (Ki of 0.31 mM) and isocitrate lyase uncompetitively (Ki ′ of 0.893 mM). Phosphoenolpyruvate enhances the uncompetitive inhibition of isocitrate lyase by increasing isocitrate, which protects isocitrate dehydrogenase from the inhibition, and contributes to the control through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate shunt.


Soft Robotics has emerged as a new and rapidly evolving interdisciplinary research area. This technology can provide a wide range of opportunities to create machines with unprecedented mechanical functionalities, as well as robots that are intrinsically safe to interact with human beings. However, the potential of this technology has not been fully realized as it is still a significant challenge to design, model and control such robots. This special issue, building on a workshop co-organized by the guest editors at the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Montreal, Canada, focuses on recent advancements in soft robotics. The set of accepted papers highlights the opportunities and critical challenges of this field. Successfully realized soft robotics technologies could have a major impact on numerous industries and human activities (1900166, 1900171). Indeed, soft robotics offers the potential to be much more conformable and adaptable through novel sensing (1900080, 1900171, 1900178, 2000002; see Figure 1 A,B) and actuation mechanisms (1900177, 1900163; see Figure 1 C,D). As a result, these robots will be able to demonstrate significantly higher dexterity and manipulation capabilities than their traditional rigid counterparts. For example, grippers/gloves with embedded soft sensors can empower service robots to manipulate a broad range of objects (1900080; see Figure 1 A) or enable computational proprioception and task identification (2000002; see Figure 1 B). Bio-inspired soft robots can also significantly benefit search and rescue and exploratory operations as they can potentially negotiate across much more complicated terrestrial and aquatic terrains with soft bodies (1900183, 1900154, 1900186; see Figure 1 E,F).


The Stock Index Futures is an international and current financial derivative instrument. With constant perfection of the financial market of our country, the introduction of the Stock Index Futures is imperative now. This paper will mainly probe into the participators of the Stock Index Futures. Different from the common opinion, this paper decides that medium and small investors should not be restrained to participate the Stock Index Futures market.


This paper argues for and illustrates an approach to the study of writing that integrates ethnographic analysis of classroom interaction with linguistic analysis of written texts and teacher/student conversational exchanges. Such an approach sheds light both on the writing that gets done in a classroom and on the broader institutional constraints that influence teachers' and students' expectations and behavior. The approach is illustrated through a case study of writing in a single sixth grade classroom during a single writing assignment. The analysis characterizes the teacher's expectations (or "schema") for how the assigned composition should be structured and then analyzes students' first drafts as either "matches" or "mismatches" with that schema. Teacher/student conferences are seen as a "strategic research site" for studying the teaching and learning of writing in that they bring together teacher, students, and written texts. Conferences can be studied in light of the kind and number of "corrections...


In this article, we introduce a new extension of classical convexity which is called generalized exponentially - preinvex functions. Also, it is seen that the new definition of generalized exponentially - preinvex functions describes different new classes as special cases. To prove our main results, we derive a new - integral identity for the twice - differentiable function. By using this identity, we show essential new results for Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities for the - integral by utilizing differentiable exponentially - preinvex functions. The results presented in this article are unification and generalization of the comparable results in the literature.


Nanoscale CeO2 sheets were synthesized by a facile and green hydrothermal precipitation method in a strong alkali solution. The experimental results indicate that without any surfactant and template, nanoscale CeO2 sheets can be successfully synthesized simply by adding cerium nitrate into ammonia at room temperature. The Rietveld refinement analysis demonstrates that the synthesized CeO2 sheets have more defect structures than nanoparticles and nanorods. The photocatalytic performance of the CeO2 sheets was also evaluated by decomposing an azo dye, methyl orange. Compared with nanoparticles and nanorods, the synthesized CeO2 nanosheets exhibit higher photocatalytic activity during the degradation.


BACKGROUND: Currently, researchers are interested in little-studied complications such as pain during intercourse, mainly in the pubic region, often combined with diastasis of the pubic symphysis. Our data and those of domestic and foreign authors presented the main problematic aspect, i.e., dysfunctions of the pubic symphysis. Literature data revealed the main reasons for the emergence of the above problems. The main complications of pelvic ring injuries, including sexual dysfunction in female patients, depending on the main causes, are considered.
OBJECTIVE: To improve the results of the treatment of the structural and functional disorders of pubic articulation in women.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the traumatology and orthopedic department No. 1 of the Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics (Moscow), 34 patients with pubic symphysis were examined. 26 (76.5%) patients underwent surgical treatment metallodesis of the anterior pelvic half-ring with a plate, along with a defect plasty with osteoplastic biocomposite material for chronic postpartum ruptures and post-traumatic injuries of the pubic symphysis. The Majeed rating scale was used to determine sexual dysfunction and evaluate pelvic ring function.
RESULTS: Of 34 patients associated with chronic postpartum rupture or posttraumatic rupture of the pubic symphysis, 26 (76.5%) had sexual dysfunction; the time interval between natural childbirth and surgical treatment of the pelvic ring varied from 6 months to 10 years (mean 5.7 years), 12 (35.2%) patients developed moderate to severe accumulation symptoms from the lower urinary tract. 26 women underwent surgical intervention: metallodesis of the anterior pelvic half-ring which demonstrated the possibility of stopping dyspareunia.
CONCLUSION: Vertical or horizontal instability of the anterior pelvic ring leads to pelvic diaphragm failure in women, which in most cases causes dyspareunia.


Quasi-isotropic laminates have isotropic elastic properties in all in-plane directions.Therefore, this kind of laminate is widely used for structural elements. The simpleststacking sequence of quasi-isotropic laminates is [0/-60/60]s. When the direction ofapplied axial load to [0/-60/60]s laminate is inclined at a 30-degree angle, we havethe other quasi-isotropic laminate [30/-30/90]s under axial load. The failure mecha-nisms of these two laminates are, however, entirely different from each other becausethese two laminates have different distribution of the interlaminar stresses. It wasconfirmed by tensile fatigue tests that the [0/-60/60]s laminate does not show any vis-ible fatigue damage, but the [30/-30/90]s laminate develops edge-delamination duringcyclic loading. The analytical results were in good agreement with the experimental results.


Of the present techniques include methods for the dielectric controllable side etching in sikineunde polymerizing a fluorinated carbon plasma. The method may comprise a dielectric stack, etching utilizing a mask trimming step as part of the silicon etching process. This additional flexibility is provided for a process stream by using a carbon fluoride mixture to the dielectric mask trim. Thus, the present technique provides a way to correct or adjust the CD on the hard mask. In general, these techniques create a plasma, and the fluorine to control the two chemical ratio of water may include the use of chemical-based-based and fluorine-carbon-based, or fluorine-hydrocarbon. Without the hard mask trim methods disclosed herein, if the hard mask CD is not in the target, after which the wafer is discarded. A mask trim capability, given CD is wafer-hard in the silicon etching as disclosed herein can be targeted (re-targeted) - material in order to remove the waste.


In the April number of this Journal for 1921, Prof. Philip Marshall Brown discussed in a most interesting way "The Aaland Islands Question". He dealt with the claim of the islanders to determine by a plebiscite whether they should remain incorporated with the Republic of Finland or be transferred to the Kingdom of Sweden, a transfer apparently desired by almost their entire number, and with the advisory report of the Committee of Jurists thereon. This was, however, a mere step in extended transactions. Now they have been carried through, and not only the issue decided, but a precedent established as to the right of the Council of the League of Nations to intervene for the settlement of international disputes. Moreover, the practice and procedure which may be adopted therefor have been indicated. A review of the whole accomplishment and of the new methods employed seems, therefore, appropriate.


To the Editor: P ancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are a group of tumors with a varied behavior, course, prognosis, and increasing prevalence, which consist of functional tumors (F-pNENs) and nonfunctional ones (NF-pNENs). Because of the rarity and heterogeneity, the ability to stage pNENs into prognostic groups has always been challenging. In 2010, theWorld Health Organization classified pNENs into well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (G1/G2 pNETs) and poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (G3 pNECs). Also in 2010, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) started to introduce a tumor-nodemetastasis (TNM) system for pNENs (ie, seventh edition), which derived from the staging algorithm for pancreatic exocrine adenocarcinomas (pEACs) and was proven to be convenient but oversimplified. In 2017, AJCC incorporated some major changes in its eighth staging manual for both pEACs and pNENs, in which the new staging system for pNENs should only be applied to G1/G2 pNETs, whereas G3 pNECs should be classified according to the new one for pEACs. We have evaluated the applications of theAJCC eighth staging manual for G3 pNECs and G1/G2 pNETs. However, both studies enrolled a large portion of F-pNENs, especially insulinoma, which inevitably increased the heterogeneity of pNENs and influenced the accuracy of related analysis. Moreover, we have also demonstrated that F-pNENs and NF-pNENs should better be staged according to a different TNM system. In order to more accurately validate the AJCC eighth staging manual, we comprehensively analyzed the distribution characteristics and survival differences of AJCC eighth and seventh staging systems for both G1/G2 NF-pNETs and G3 NF-pNECs. Our analysis enrolled 230 consecutive patients with NF-pNENs, including 152 cases with G1/G2 NF-pNETs, and 78 with G3 NF-pNECs (Fig. 1). For G1/G2 NF-pNETs, according to the definitions of different staging systems, 52 patients were grouped in AJCC eighth edition stage I,


Description: This class explores environmental studies through a focus on law and legal history. Although its main concentration is on U.S. environmental law, the course will begin and end with broader historical and global perspectives. The first of three units of the class survey the English, European, and early American legal approaches to land use, natural resources, and pollution through World War II. A second unit examines the development and practice of contemporary U.S. environmental law. The final unit considers the recent emergence of international environmental law. Attendance: You are allowed TWO 'free' absences, which will not impact your grade. You do not earn points just for attending class, as this is expected, but after the two allowed absences, each additional absence may negatively impact your grade. Valid excuses are limited to university-recognized religious observances and for well-documented major illnesses or emergencies in the immediate family. Participation: Everyone should try to speak in every class, and I will also try to call on students who do not seize the opportunity to speak up frequently. But quality of contribution counts more than quantity. Quality contributions are, ideally, clear and precise, while showing that you have understood the readings and that you are asking good critical questions about them (such as: What are the main questions the author tries to answer? What is the author's main argument? What specific arguments or assumptions support the main argument? What specific evidence is used to support the arguments? What is left out?) Good participation also means that you listen to others and try to engage seriously but respectfully with what others say. Computers and Electronic Devices: Due to the potential for distraction, these devices may not be used in class. The only exceptions are for students with documented disabilities and, when specifically announced by me, usage for access to electronic versions of assigned readings during class discussions of those readings. Grades: 20% for the midterm, 30% each for the final paper and the final exam; and 20% for participation. Exams: The two exams will be comprehensive in their coverage, but will emphasize the broader ideas and themes of the course. The format will include some identification-type, shorter essays, as well as one or two longer essays. Paper: The paper will be an essay of 8-10 pages based on a topic of your choosing (with some guidance), and will require that you both draw on the …


Relevance: The effectiveness and validity of rehabilitation after endoprosthetics of the lower limb joints is beyond doubt. However, the workload of operating surgeons and the high demand for rehabilitation hospitals and outpatient care limit the possibility of rehabilitation treatment, which impairs the final result of the operation. Taking into account active development of technologies, the introduction of remote-controlled rehabilitation and online questionnaires to assess the effectiveness of postoperative recovery and the quality of life of patients can be considered a promising direction for the organization of a continuous approach to rehabilitation treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the remote rehabilitation forms and the developed questionnaires to determine the routing of patients after hip replacement. Materials and methods: The retrospective study included 30 patients aged 40 to 75 years after total hip replacement surgery. In the surgical hospital, all patients were offered the opportunity to take a survey according to the questionnaire developed by us in order to determine the group and further routing after surgery. The patients of the main group (n=15) who had the technical capabilities to engage in rehabilitation remotely were offered a link to exercise therapy complexes and a video clip on the technique of performing these exercises; online classes with a physical therapy instructor were also conducted. The rehabilitation program started from the first day after surgery and lasted 90 days. The patients of the control group (n=15) underwent classical rehabilitation in a hospital lasting 10–14 days, after which they were discharged with recommendations for outpatient follow-up. To assess the dynamics and satisfaction with postoperative recovery, all patients underwent remote testing to evaluate the quality of life and psycho-emotional state, which was carried out on the second day and 3 months after surgery. Results. The use of remote rehabilitation methods for patients after hip replacement has a positive clinical effect and is characterized by high satisfaction with the outcomes of postoperative recovery. Remote monitoring of the recovery dynamics and the creation of a database contribute to assessing the effectiveness of the treatment. Conclusion. The developed online questionnaires allow determining further routing of patients for rehabilitation treatment after surgery and evaluating the effectiveness of rehabilitation, including by means of remote rehabilitation methods. In case of paramedical difficulties in conducting full-time rehabilitation, a model of using various forms of remote rehabilitation is proposed.


This paper discusses the programming method of realizing network communication through the employment of named pipe in LAN through Windows 95 and Windows NT,and gives a scheme for realizing real time data communication in LAN.It makes use of the programming method of multithread and the employment of named pipe in Win32.


Objective:To study the relevance of Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease(AD) in Xinjiang Han people.Methods:Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP),to determine the apolipoprotein E genetypes and allele frequency in 98 cases of Han Alzheimer's disease patients,and 103 cases of normal control.Results:(1) The e3/4 genetype in AD group was 25.51%,was higher than that in normal control 11.65%(P0.05).But there were not difference in e3/3 genetype and e2/3 genetype from AD group and normal control.The allele frequency of ApoEe4 was higher in AD group than that in normal control,13.78% and 6.31%(P0.05).(2) ApoEe4 allele frequency in women in AD group and normal control such as 14.52% and 6.92%,this difference also had statistically significance(P0.05).Conclusion:ApoEe4 allele frequency is a risk factor of Alzheimer's disease,especially in femal AD patients.


The bachelor thesis called "Seniors - out or in the contemporary society" deals with ageing and old age of contemporary seniors in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical section the theoretical bases which I relied on in their processing are intended. The study also clarifies the basic terminology of social pedagogy and sociology that deal with this issue. Then the practical part of the paper follows. The practical part is derived from the processing of personal quantitative research, which was carried out by using a questionnaire. To evaluate and process the obtained data an analysis, synthesis, comparison and description were used. The outcomes of the study were processed by mathematical and statistical methods. Intended hypotheses were focused on the status of elderly people in contemporary society.


We consider performance of Linux Random Number Generator(RNG) in virtualized environments and ask, (i) if the emulated hardware can provide sufficient entropy sources for the RNG and, (ii) if the RNG output of the host and the guest are isolated. These are important questions because insufficient entropy results in {\em entropy starvation}, and the lack of isolation results in the host and the guest RNG output to be correlated. We give detailed comparison of the Linux RNGs that run on a host and a guest in different settings. Our results show that, as expected, hosts have higher entropy sources available and generate entropy at a higher rate (entropy bit per second). We also show that generating disk activity at high rate on the guest results in a significant flow of events from the guest to the host that could possibly be exploited by an adversary to find the output of the host RNG by controlling the guest.


Interior design of Fitness Center and Calisthenics in Surabaya is a project designed upon the background to provide a facility that is capable of meeting the exercise needs of the people in Surabaya. Society is not just exercising with the facilities but also feel comfortable. In addition, people are also introduced to the calisthenics sport which is becoming a trend. The planned facilities include a fitness room, lounge, calisthenics room, aerobics room, steam room, whirlpool, locker room, cafe and lobby, This design leads to the circulation and distribution of a well designed room with a semi-outdoor atmosphere.


The reaction $^{12}\mathrm{C}+^{13}\mathrm{C}$ at $95\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$ bombarding energy is studied using the Garfield + Ring Counter apparatus located at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. In this paper we want to investigate the de-excitation of $^{25}\mathrm{Mg}$ aiming both at a new stringent test of the statistical description of nuclear decay and a direct comparison with the decay of the system $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$ formed through $^{12}\mathrm{C}+^{12}\mathrm{C}$ reactions previously studied. Thanks to the large acceptance of the detector and to its good fragment identification capabilities, we could apply stringent selections on fusion-evaporation events, requiring their completeness in charge. The main decay features of the evaporation residues and of the emitted light particles are overall well described by a pure statistical model; however, as for the case of the previously studied $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$, we observed some deviations in the branching ratios, in particular for those chains involving only the evaporation of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ particles. From this point of view the behavior of the $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$ and $^{25}\mathrm{Mg}$ decay cases appear to be rather similar. An attempt to obtain a full mass balance even without neutron detection is also discussed.


Cruciferous vegetables are very popular in latitudes corresponding to central and eastern Europe. They are rich in bioactive compounds such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, and polyphenols. The type and quality of fertilization has a significant impact on their chemical composition. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of specific forms of sulfur fertilization on the chemical properties of white cabbage, and to explore the effect of storage conditions on its bioactive components and antioxidant activity. The research material was the late cultivar of white cabbage 'Stonehead', fertilized with a dose of 30 kg S·ha−1, administered in the form of elemental sulfur, ammonium sulfate, and potassium sulfate. Sulfur fertilization had a significant impact on the parameters selected for this study, and the form in which it was applied resulted in different effects on these individual parameters. For all parameters investigated, the effect of sulfur fertilization was detectable. Antioxidant properties, determined as both ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging activities, were the highest in cabbage harvested from the plot treated with potassium sulfate


We prove that the rate of convergence of a solution of the optimal stopping problem
for a Levy process on an interval [0; T] to that on the interval [0;1) is exponential
as T ! 1.


The role of hospital therapy chair №1 of the therapy faculty RSMU in development of native science and public health. To 90th of chair.


Jones, A., 1984. Does cod farming have a commercial future? A technical and economic assessment. In: E. Dahl, D.S. Danielssen, E. Moksness and P. Solemdal (Editorsl, The Propagation of Cod Gadus morhua L. FlOdevigen rapportser., 1, 1984: 773-785. Cod is a traditional favourite with British consumers, but supplies have fallen dramatically through the 1960's and 70's as a result of imposed fishing limitations. Maintenance of supplies for the future will depend on efficient stock management or perhaps fish farming. Cod larvae can now be reared in the hatchery using techniques similar to those developed for turbot and sea bass. Growth to market size is rapid at arnbient temperatures in the range 5-15O~. Technically cod farming is possible, but economic projections indicate a production cost above the current quayside price for cod and suggest it would not be profitable. Small operations with access to cheap food and specialisist markets exist and appear viable.


Solar dryer is a conventional device used for solar drying products. There are several types of solar dryers being employed for drying fruits and vegetables. In this research, the indirect type solar dryer is studied and computational fluid dynamics is employed to simulate the process. Ansys fluent CFD software is used to simulate and obtain dynamic and thermal performance of the dryer at different operating conditions (mass flow rate). The predicted results are validated with the help of experimental results. The average velocity at the exit of the collector was 2.89 m/s for 0.0872 kg/s mass flow rate, while for a mass flow rate of 0.0447 kg/s was 1.36 m/s. The maximum temperature at the collector outlet was 44.6°C and the maximum absorber plate temperature was 69.57°C for a magnitude of 0.0872kg/s mass flow rate. The temperature profiles of the trays are also analysed and the tray closest to the collector is found to have the maximum average temperature. The results also revealed that CFD simulations are a reliable method to predict and design solar dryers.


Since it is not straightforward to directly observe nucleation at the initial stage of solidification in experiments, investigation from computational approach is strongly desired. In this study, influence of grain refiner in heterogeneous nucleation of undercooled Al melt is investigated by molecular dynamics calculations. Particularly, we focus temperature, size of the refiner, and anisotropy in surface orientation of the grain refiner. It is confirmed that the growth rate of FCC Al at the (0001) plane is much larger than that at the other surfaces at all temperatures calculated in this study. Moreover, epitaxial growth of HCP Al appears on the surface of (101¯0) and (112¯0) planes at large undercooling temperature.


Objective To construct the Fas/RARα fusion gene expressi on vector with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) which expression in ret inoic acid dependent manner.Methods Mammalian vector pRARE tk Fas/RARα carrying eGFP cDNA was constructed by molecular cloning and gene rec ombine techniques.Results Fas membrane region,RARα,death regi on,RARα and eGFP cDNA was amplified and cloned into pCI neo fusion gene expre ssion vector successfully. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the fusion c DNA fragment was identical to human original plasmid DNA. Conclusion Fas/RARα fusion gene expression vector is successfully constructed. These results lay the foundation for further research in expression of Fas/RARα fusi on protein and its clinical trial. [


Pseudorandom theory and rasterization have garnered improbable interest from both steganographers and hackers worldwide in the last several years. Given the trends in linear- time models, steganographers particularly note the evaluation of hash tables that would make harnessing telephony a real possibility. Tit, our new methodology for peer-to-peer modalities, is the solution to all of these challenges [8].


Arylidene derivatives were synthesized from phenyl hydrazine and series of different aldehydes. Arylidene compounds are important classes of N-containing fused heterocycles widely used as key building blocks for pharmaceutical agents due to a wide range of biological activities that include anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties [1]. Arylidene derivatives were furnished by the fusion of benzene ring with different aldehydes via hydrazine moiety in the presence of glacial acetic acid. These derivatives were characterized by TLC, melting points, Infrared Red, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectroscopy. Finally, these synthetized derivatives were tested for analgesic activity using hot plate test method, anti-inflammatory activity using rat paw oedema and ulcer index test.


Detecting and analysing protein cavities provides significant information about active sites for biological processes (e.g. protein–protein or protein–ligand binding) in molecular graphics and modelling. Using the three‐dimensional (3D) structure of a given protein (i.e. atom types and their locations in 3D) as retrieved from a PDB (Protein Data Bank) file, it is now computationally viable to determine a description of these cavities. Such cavities correspond to pockets, clefts, invaginations, voids, tunnels, channels and grooves on the surface of a given protein. In this work, we survey the literature on protein cavity computation and classify algorithmic approaches into three categories: evolution‐based, energy‐based and geometry‐based. Our survey focuses on geometric algorithms, whose taxonomy is extended to include not only sphere‐, grid‐ and tessellation‐based methods, but also surface‐based, hybrid geometric, consensus and time‐varying methods. Finally, we detail those techniques that have been customized for GPU (graphics processing unit) computing.


A new type of impactor was developed to decompress the anterior aspect of the vertebral body. These instruments are particularly useful for cases of burst fracture.


Conditions are found that are sufficient to insure the development of trapped surfaces in space‐times whose metrics satisfy the Einstein field equations in vacuum or in the presence of a massless scalar field. These conditions involve a topological requirement that a certain two‐surface be compact and inequalities that must be satisfied by certain pieces of the characteristic data determining these space‐times. It is shown that a particular piece of data playing an important role in these inequalities is related to angular momentum.


Zhang Ailing is a heterogeneous novel writer in China literature's history. Almost of her life, she already wrote so many literature's works. One of her famous novel is (Red Rose and White Rose). The story is describe the image of main figure's character and his emotional. Writer wants use the characterization, complexity of personality and story plot these three aspect to analysis the novel's figure looks, figure character and the story. This novel story is a complication relationship between the man and two women, red roses as her lover and white rose as her wife. About a man that in his standard life and emotional condition occur some contradiction. Writer use reference material and theory of novel writing to analysis Zhang Ailing (Red Rose and White Rose)'s novel. The result of this analisys are the most important part in novel's story is not only about the story plot but also the describtion of figure looks and characterization. Zhang Ailing in (Red rose and white rose) descbribtion is very spesific, the story become so interesting because of the Complementary of the figure looks, figure characterization and story plot, embraced each other, fully reflects the fictional reality of compromise and frustration


The proposed concept of the survivability of the transport system as one of the important indicators of the functioning of the transport system in the conditions of emergency situations of a military, natural and manmade nature. The list of factors influencing the specified indicator of the transport system was analyzed and a list of measures aimed at increasing this indicator was proposed.
The increase in the intensity of the combat use of air and space attack means and changes in the enemy's views on the conduct of war, in particular the use of terrorist methods of attack on civilian transport infrastructure objects with the aim of intentionally causing damage and hindering the functioning of the transport system, require a significant review of issues related to the implementation of basic transport functions and ensuring a continuous transport process. The list of measures to increase the security and survivability of the transport system related to complex systems, ensuring its stability and, in particular, survivability, also require additional study.


We summarize our recent work that uses machine learning techniques as a complement to theoretical modeling, rather than a substitute for it. The key concepts are those of the completeness and restr...


In his 2011 autobiography, A Serendipitous Life [1] , Karl Rickels describes how in 2008 in Munich at the 50th anniversary of the Collegium Internationale NeuroPharmacologicum (CINP) he looked around at the President's Dinner, '... a special event held in the Emperor's Hall at the residence of Bavaria's famous king. I saw only one person I remembered from the first congress in Rome. I had been one of the younger biological psychiatrists in 1958, so this wasn't a surprise ...' I was attending the same dinner, and while we were waiting for the doors to open at this 2008 President's Dinner I actually had a good long talk with Karl Rickels. I told him that in 1982 I had participated in Aaron Beck's workshop on cognitive therapy for depression. It was held in Philadelphia on the premises of Beck's Center for Cognitive Therapy that was situated (around Room 602) on the same floor where Karl Rickels' Division of Psychopharmacology was also situated (around Room 402). I asked Karl whether he and Aaron Beck were both still working there at the University of Philadelphia, and he told me that this was indeed the case. Since 1959 Beck and Rickels had worked at the University of Pennsylvania and as good colleagues treated outpatients suffering from neurotic depression and neurotic anxiety [2] . They had both drawn the conclusion Received: October 16, 2013 Accepted after revision: November 7, 2013 Published online: April 12, 2014