The belief in the power of literature to furnish consolation for hardship constitutes a central feature of Boccaccio's literary corpus. The most famous example of this belief emerges in the Decameron, where the author-narrator declares that his aim in writing is to offer "consolazion" to his female readers wounded by love.1 Yet similar statements on the consolatory value of literature can be found in many other of Boccaccio's works, from the early Filocolo through the Comedia delle ninfe fiorentine to the later Book 14 of the Genealogia deorum gentilium.2 When discussing Boccaccio's view of literary consolation, scholars have tended to identify his position with the "diversion" and "recreation" offered by reading, the simple enjoyment of the pleasure of the text.3 Nonetheless, Boccaccio's works exhibit a much more elaborate


A ball-throwing unit of a hydraulically-controlled continuous ball-throwing device consists of a circular cavity, a front end cover, a rear end cover, blades and a shaft sleeve; a power unit of the hydraulically-controlled continuous ball-throwing device consists of a rotating core shaft, a connecting barrel, transposition pins, a transposition sleeve, a piston rod, a piston cavity, a spring and a piston; the front end of the rotating core shaft is horizontally installed in the center of the circular cavity and is sleeved with the shaft sleeve; the blades are fixed on the shaft sleeve and are uniformly distributed inside the circular cavity; the connecting barrel is fixed on the rear end cover; the rotating core shaft is positioned inside the connecting barrel; elongated holes are formed in the connecting barrel; continuous transposition slots are uniformly distributed in the rotating core shaft; the transposition sleeve is inserted into the rear part of the connecting barrel; the front end of the transposition sleeve is sleeved at the rear end of the rotating core shaft; the transposition pins are arranged at the front end of the transposition sleeve; the upper ends and the lower ends of the transposition pins are positioned inside the elongated holes and the continuous transposition slots respectively; the front end of the piston rod is connected to the rear end of the transposition sleeve; the piston cavity is connected to the rear end of the connecting barrel; the spring is mounted on the piston rod in a sleeving manner; the two ends of the spring are propped against the inner side of the front end cover and the piston respectively. By changing linear motion into rotary motion, the hydraulically-controlled continuous ball-throwing device can achieve continuous ball-throwing operation without pump stop, so that the operational efficiency is improved.


Let T denote the class of functions f(z) = z+a2z2+… that are analytic in U = {|z| <1}, and satisfy the condition Imf(z). Imz≧ 0 (zεU). Thus T denotes the class of typically real functions introduced by W. Rogosinski [5]. One of the most striking results in the theory of functions g(z) = z + b2z2… that are analytic and univalent in U is the Koebe-Bieberbach covering theorem which states that {|w| <¼} ⊂ g(U). In this note we point out that the same result holds for functions in the class T, a fact which seems to have been overlooked previously. We also determine the largest subdomain of U in which every f(z) in T is univalent, extending previous results in [1] and [2].


The present invention is applicable to the field of the Internet, there is provided a method and apparatus kinds of clustering based on user interest, the method comprising: receiving user attribute data base; center point of the cluster is calculated based on the impact of the predetermined user interest attribute data base calculating the distance of the user attribute data base center of the cluster; the distance to a predetermined threshold value; and if the distance is less than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that the user belonging to the poly interest class. Embodiments of the invention may be obtained directly from the base attribute data registered in the user data, the corresponding contents can be recommended based on the interest information obtained cluster registered before the user has not operated browsing behavior data, can be recommended to the new user but also can improve the recommendation accuracy.


Let X, X1, X2, . . . be independent identically distributed random variables and Sn = X1 + · · · + Xn. Thus {Sn; n = 1, 2, . . .} is a random walk. Let F be the distribution function and μ the expectation of X . We investigate the large deviation event { Sn n > a } , where a > μ is a constant. The basic assumption is that for large x, the tail probability 1− F (x) is bounded from above and below by a power of x. Our main results say that under weak additional conditions, the large deviation is essentially caused by a single large random variable. We use this to derive asymptotic estimates for the probability P { Sn n > a } . AMS 2000 subject classification: Primary 60F10


Objective To explore the mechanism of quercetin, inhibiting on scar formation following glaucoma filtration surgery, and provided theory bases for clinical results. Methods Fifty-four eyes of rabbits received standard trabeculectomy. The rabbits' eyes had been divided into three groups. Group A received blank ophthalmic gel twice per day after operation; group B received quercetin ophthalmic gel twice per day after operation; group C received no special treatments. Clinical observations were performed by naked eyes and slit-lamp microscope every day. Meanwhile score of bleb was recorded. Histopathologic changes in filter bleb were investigated at week 1,2,4 after operation. Results There was no serious complication in each group. The group B's scores of bleb were the highest. In group A, the filtrating pathway was almost blocked with the newly generated collagen ,Masson staining showed the collagen density was high; and the immunohistochemical staining showed significantly positive expressions of TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1. Comparied with group A, the opening time of filtrating pathway of group B was longer and collagen was sparse; Masson Staining showed the collagen density of group B was lower than that of group A at different time points. There was weekly positive expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1(P0.01). The situation in group C was similar to group A. Conclusion Quercetin can inhibit the formation of the bleb scaring after filtration surgery; one of the mechanisms is decreasing the expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-βR1.


The high-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMP) are commonly described by the double exponential waveforms. To detect the HEMP waveforms without any distortion, the highest frequency, fc, is the critical parameter for the sensor design. In the engineering applications it is estimated roughly by the rise time of pulses, tr, i.e. fc0=0.35/tr. However, after carefully investigation, a more precise coefficient is recommended in this paper, i.e. fc=0.75/tr. Moreover, it has been deduced that if β≫α, two turning frequency points f3dB, fb are related to α, β with simple equations, 2πf3dB=α, 2πfb=β respectively.


Coenzyme Q10, often also known as ubiquinone, coenzyme Q10 or Q10, is soluble in lipids and is naturally present in plants, animals and in mitochondria. Coenzyme Q10 functions as an antioxidant that can protect the body from damage caused by free radicals. Hyaluronic acid is known as a hydrophilic polymer derived from polysaccharides which has the ability to increase percutaneous penetration by changing the composition of tightly arranged stratum corneum cells to increase the permeability of the skin. Nanostructured Lipid Carrier is a modification of the SLN system, consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid lipids (oil), stabilized by aqueous surfactant solution, is one method to increase drug penetration through the stratum corneum because it has several advantages. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of adding hyaluronic acid to the characteristics of the Nanostructure Lipid Carrier (NLC) as anti aging. Examination of characteristics including organoletis, pH, particle size and polidispersity index was carried out. The results of organoleptic NLC coenzym Q10-HA examination obtained dark orange color, liquid consistency, lipid efficacy odor and soft texture. The pH measurement results of the preparation ranged from 5.05-5.23. The results of the particle size examination ranged from 267-128 nm and the particle size distribution ranged between 0.308-0.200

Keywords: Coenzym Q10, Hyaluronic acid , NLC


The performance of multiple antenna systems can be greatly improved by making the channel state information (CSI) available at the transmitter. In practice, therefore, a finite-rate feedback link is employed to convey a quantized version of the CSI to the transmitter. This semi-tutorial paper summarizes some of the recent work on the design and analysis of multiple antenna systems with finite rate feedback. In particular, we discuss appropriate criteria for the design of quantizers for feedback-based communication systems along with corresponding algorithms for codebook generation. Finally, we qualitatively show how the classical source coding theory can be extended to analyze the performance of finite rate feedbackbased multiple antenna systems. I. I NTRODUCTION AND PROBLEM SETUP Multiple antenna systems have received much attention for the past decade or so, due to their promise of higher data rates compared to their single-antenna counterparts. When the multiple antenna system comprises of t transmit andr receive antennas, if we consider the channel to be flat-fading, the input-output relation can be expressed as y = Hx + n, (1) where x ∈ Ct is the channel input,y ∈ Cr is the channel output,n ∈ Cr is the AWGN at the receiver, and H ∈ Cr×t is the channel matrix with the(i, j)-th entry containing the complex gain from the j-th transmit antenna to thei-th receive antenna. Under the block fading model, the channel matrix H remains constant within a fading block, and changes independently from block to block according to some statistical distribution (e.g., Rayleigh distribution). In this case, we can omit the time index in writing the input-output relation, as This work was supported in part by UC Discovery grant nos. Com 02-10105, Com 02-10109, Conexant Systems and Ericsson, and in part by, the U. S. Army Research Office under the Multi-University Research Initiative (MURI) grant # W911NF-04-1-0224. we have done above. It is well known that the performance and complexity of multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) systems can be improved by making the channel state information (CSI) available at the transmitter. In general, the CSI has to be conveyed back to the transmitter from the receiver through a feedback link. However, in practical communication systems, the CSI feedback suffers from impairments such as channel estimation errors, quantization errors, feedback delay and feedback errors. Recently, several interesting papers have appeared, quantifying the effects of the partial CSI at the transmitter caused by these impairments. Channel feedback is also under consideration in 3rd generational mobile and wireless LAN standards, for example in the closed-loop mode specification in 3GPP High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) [1] and in the eigenbeamforming mode specification in IEEE 802.11 [2] and IEEE 802.16 [3]. Two of the popular models for studying the effect of partial CSI at the transmitter are statistical feedback and instantaneous feedback. In the statistical feedback approach, it is assumed that the channel coherence time is too small to feedback every channel instantiation. However, the channel statistics vary sufficiently slowly, so that the mean and/or the covariance of the channel can be made available to the transmitter accurately. The channel is then modelled as Gaussian distributed with the given mean and covariance, and the system performance is optimized with respect to the input distribution and analytically characterized. Examples of works that employ statistical feedback include [4] [10]. In the instantaneous feedback approach, which is the focus of this paper, the receiver attempts to convey to the transmitter the current channel instantiation, typically through a bandwidth-constrained feedback link. That is, given B bits of feedback, the receiver maps the current channel instantiationH to one of N = 2B integer indices, with each index corresponding to a particular mode of the channel. The transmitter has knowledge of the N -mode codebook, and therefore, it is able to optimize its transmission strategy based on the feedback information. Thus, it is a very interesting and challenging problem to design optimal quantization schemes and the associated transmission strategies for multiple-antenna systems with finite rate feedback. The design and analysis of the optimum quantizer that takes advantage of both the underlying channel distribution as well as the performance metric (received SNR, outage probability, mutual information rate, bit error rate, etc) has received much attention in the past few years, notably in [11] [24]. A recent overview of work in this area is [25]. There appear to be similarities between classical fixedrate source coding and channel quantization. For example, in the source coding problem, the encoder attempts to describe a random source by a finite number of bits, and the goal is to minimize the representation error (for example, the Euclidean norm of the quantization error). In channel quantization, one would like to describe the channel state by a finite number of bits, and the goal is to optimize a given performance metric (such as the received SNR, channel throughput or BER). Although several authors have remarked on this similarity (including [11], [14] [26]), the exact connection between the two fields has remained elusive. In this paper, we will present qualitative arguments to show how to bridge the gap between these two fields. This paper is organized as follows. In section II, we present a summary of some of the recent work in the area of quantized feedback based systems. In section III, we present the key approach used in classical source coding literature and examine the similarities and differences between source coding and channel quantization. We show how the quantizer design problem is in fact a more general source compression problem. We briefly summarize some of our recent findings in this area as well. II. REVIEW OF PAST WORK p(u, H, v) Channel Decoder


The components of Pb-S-O system were analyzed with phase rule,and four coexisting points of three condensed phases were determined.The relation-diagrams among coexisting points of three condensed phases for the Pb-S-O system,which were denoted as α plane topological diagram and β plane-topological diagram,were plotted based on topological rules and thermodynamic calculation of related equilibrium reactions.The results show that the β plane-topological diagram is in accordance with the predominance area diagram of Pb-S-O system calculated by traditional methods,indicating that this method is feasible to plot predominance area diagram of Pb-S-O system.Meanwhile,α plane-topological diagram can be used to elucidate the phenomenon of which crude lead is generated under high oxygen and sulfur pressures during Kivcet process.


Over the past two decades, the discursive prism of development that historically marked India and Southern Africa in scholarship across disciplines has increasingly been subsumed within the neo-developmentalist prism of neoliberalism. This has been accompanied by attendant visions of places like India and Uganda as markets that could rival those of other national formations in Asia and in the West. The visibility and legibility of queer and transgender social movements in the Global South over this period has been read through the lens of neoliberalism within analyses that are keen to mark queer and trans-visibility signs of global capitalism's success. If the conjoined prism of neoliberalism and liberal LGBTQIAþmovements in the Global South has produced a kind of circumscribed legibility for non-heteronormative lives, the idea that neoliberalism has somehow facilitated either queer and trans legibility or liberation in nonWestern worlds is equally contested and complicated across a host of disciplinary engagements, including queer theory, comparative literature, literary studies, history, sociology, anthropology, and in International Relations, as in Rahul Rao's ethnographically informed work, Out of Time. Celebratory critiques of the era of neoliberalism and rising queer and transgender visibility in the Global South are often framed by an implicit, or explicit, argument that the expansion of privatisation and marketisation leads to greater individual freedoms for all (for example, see Frank, Boutcher, and Camp 2009). While critiques of neoliberalism have been essential in work that aims to mitigate the 'illiberalism' of neo-populist resistance to queer and transgender rights in certain regional contexts (e.g. Binnie 2014), mapping neoliberalism onto queer and transgender progress—usually rendered the expansion of juridical rights and recognition for LGBTQ-identified individuals—has come under scrutiny both for its reproduction of the immanence of the telos of progress to humanism, (Eng 2010) and for its conflation of freedom with a constrained version of juridical legibility. These critiques have been rendered via critiques of racialised hierarchies of human development and enlightenment thought. Rao builds on these critiques with a view towards meaningfully assessing the status of queer sexuality politics to the telos of development within nationalist imaginaries, where the meaning of sexual 'progress' within 'national progress' is highly debated. The basis for a re-examination of this chrononormativity in narratives of queer progress is deployed via Rao's rich ethnographic engagements within Uganda and India. In concomitantly re-examining discourses of queer visibility in and from the Global Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 2022


A $\mathcal{T} \times \mathcal{R}$ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) based underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system employing Intensity Modulation (IM) / Direct Detection (DD) with On-Off keying (OOK) is considered. The UWOC channel is affected by underwater optical turbulence (UOT), which is modeled by Exponential Generalized Gamma (EGG) distribution. The performance of UWOC system is highly dependent on the effect of absorption, scattering and UOT. The EGG underwater optical channel model efficiently describes the optical irradiance induced due to air bubbles, temperature gradient and salinity, thus works well for the entire weak to strong turbulence regimes. The information is sent by $\mathcal{T}$ transmit apertures and received by $\mathcal{R}$ receiver apertures. The bit error rate (BER) analysis is performed for single-input multiple-output (SIMO), multiple-input single-output (MISO) and MIMO configurations for OOK modulation scheme. The closed form BER expression is derived for the SIMO case. For different channel parameters and configurations, the results for the BER performance of SIMO-UWOC and single-input single-output (SISO)-UWOC systems are obtained. For bubble level (BL) 2.4 litres/min and fresh water scenario, 15 dB performance improvement is seen at 10−2 BER for 1 × 2 SIMO with respect to SISO configuration.


In this paper we give a construction of all binary duadic codes of length n=p/sub 1//sup m1/p/sub 2//sup m2/...p/sub r//sup mr/, by which all binary duadic codes of given length can be enumerated.


This article is a lexicometrical analysis applied to a corpus of speeches (both oral and written) delivered by top executives of the fifteen biggest French companies. Besides dominant, though not exclusive, financial and commercial themes, the analysis brings to the fore a somewhat significant present tense-related subjectivity which expresses itself through a heavily axiologised discourse.


Objective To investigate the mechanism of ulinastatin(UTI)protecting reperfusion injury in piglets underwent pancreas-kidney transplantation.Methods After establishing the pancreas-kidney transplantation model,6 pairs of piglets were randomized into two groups with 6 piglets each. UTI 15 000 IU·kg-1·h-1was infused until the end of operation in group U. The piglets in group C were given normal saline as the controls. Blood samples were collected to measure the plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin(IL-8 before operation(T0),at the end of arteriovenous anastomosis(T1),1 h(T2) and 2 h after reperfusion(T3),the end of operation(T4). Malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD) and myeloperoxidase(MPO) were monitored and the pathological changes were examined in pancreatic tissure after reperfusion.Results Compared to that at T0,plasma TNF-α concentration was increased at T2-T4(P0.05). At T1,T2 and T4,plasma levels of IL-8 and MDA and MPO activity in the pancreas were all lower(P0.05),but SOD activity was higher(P0.01),in group U than those in group C. Pathological changes of the grafts was less in group U than that in group C.Conclusion Ulinastatin can attenuate reperfusion injury of the grafts in piglets underwent pancreas-kidney transplantation,which may be related to relieveing conglutianation and aggregation of neutrophils,decreesing oxygen radical,downregulating expressions of TNF-α and IL-8.


The present study on the costs of providing X-ray services,
reported for the financial year / term budget 2012 in the ESE
Tierradentro Paez focal point was an intra research
descriptive accounting - financial on the behavior and
ditto characteristics of that service which was based on the study of various
interdependent variables. With this research we want to present a true picture of the cost of X-ray service and clear all doubts against service profitability, control and projection of costs and expenses to make recommendations to the administration.


The article examines how a productive activity – the book market – acts as a unifying bond for a certain group. Centered on the figure of the book seller as the protagonist of this market, the paper explores the double matrix of the book-object, cultural and material, which ultimately sets a dubious structure within which both the promoter of culture and the dealer coexist. On the micro-sociological level, we seek to understand the tension at the vocational education between the know-how learned in their daily works (in a routine that reconstructs the master-apprentice model), and the academic learning. On the macro- -sociological level, the changes in the way goods in general are sold and the reshaping of the reading habits impose the introduction of strategies of adaptation towards the new world of information. The study of this case allows us to explore the sociability of the group and the process of building a shared vision of the world outside the official spaces of vocational education


This thesis describes the synthesis of a number of hydroxy vinylsulphoxides and sulphones by a high pressure modification of the Baylis-Hillman reaction, together with their directed hydrogenation catalysed by rhodium catalysts. A detailed kinetic analysis of a number of the hydrogenation reactions carried out by numerical analysis is also presented. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction to directed hydrogenation and the chemistry of sulphur containing compounds. Chapter 2 details the synthesis of catalysts and substrates used in hydrogenation reactions. The use of high pressures to improve the performance of the Baylis-Hillman reaction is included. Chapter 3 details the products and the selectivity obtained in the hydrogenation of hydroxy vinylsulphoxides and sulphones. The kinetic resolution of 3-phenyl-2-(phenylsulphonyl)- propene-3-ol using a DiPAMP rhodium catalyst is described. Chapter 4 details the numerical analysis of the kinetics of the hydrogenation reactions of a number of hydroxy vinylsulphoxides and sulphones.


Arylesterase activity was measured along with microbial biomass C (BC) and respiration, and H2O‐soluble and NH4NO3‐exchangeable trace elements (TE), in contaminated soils (TECS) from three long‐term field trials. The AGIR (AG) soils were contaminated only by inorganic Cd, whereas the Ambarès (AM) and Louis Fargue (LF) soils were contaminated mainly by Mn and Zn, and Cd and Ni, respectively, from past sludge application at different rates. In the AG soils, the arylesterase activity decreased with increasing Cd total concentration and solubility. In the AM soils, the arylesterase activity decreased with increased contamination, whereas in the LF soils the arylesterase activity was increased by sludge additions, with the higher values detected in soils with lower sludge incorporation rates. In the AG and AM soils, arylesterase activity was significantly and negatively correlated with H2O‐soluble and NH4NO3‐exchangeable TE, whereas in the LF soils it showed a 'hump'‐shaped trend with sludge additions and could not be modelled. Multiple regression analysis showed significant interactions between TE, soil pH value and TOC with this enzyme activity. Respiration values of the AG soils generally increased while the BC generally decreased with Cd contamination, while different trends were observed in the AM and LF soils. No trends in the enzyme activity‐to‐BC ratios were found in relation to soil contamination. Information regarding the inhibition of arylesterase activity in TECS can be important for the management of soils co‐contaminated by TE and organic pollutants, in which the detoxification action of arylesterase may be reduced.


Solvent swelling of polymers is important for many applications, but can be difficult to measure when thin films or very poor solvents are involved. A novel spectrophotometric method is presented that is well suited for measuring swelling of thick or thin polymer films by very poor solvents. In this method, the solvent is stained with iodine, and solvent uptake is measured by observing the change in visible light absorption of the polymer using a spectrophotometer. Using this method, swelling can be accurately measured in thin (< 2 μm) polymer films and with poor solvents that cause little swelling, even water. Results are presented for PMMA films of varying molecular weights swelled by water, by water–alcohol mixtures, and by undiluted alcohols. Swelling of these films is more rapid and more Fickian than has been reported for bulk samples, probably due to differences in PMMA molecular weight and processing. The properties of the iodine–PMMA complex are also explored. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1082–1089, 2005


Past decades have demonstrated a growth in instruments strengthening the control of police activities. Police powers are more and more regulated by law, performance management aims to boost efficiency in policing, and authority over criminal investigations has partially been centralized. This article uses unique empirical data on undercover policing in the Netherlands to gain insight into the outcomes these control mechanisms produce in investigative practice. The results indicate that investigative practise is less malleable than assumed by policy makers. Furthermore, control mechanisms can generate perverse effects.


: Energy conservation is a greater issue and this design proffered an efficient method of doing so. Hybrid bicycle combines the use of solar energy as well as the generator that runs through pedal to charge the battery to run the bicycle. Thus solar hybrid bicycle can become a very vital alternative to the fueled automobile, thus its manufacturing is essential. Our main objective is to reduced the time required for charging the e-bike by adapting renewable energy and a efficient circuit to charge the battery.


Due to represent the semi-structure of domain knowledge, many studies are starting to research on ontology building and seldom implementing an overall structure of their domain knowledge. Recently, there are many corporations using knowledge management (KM) to improve their business model, but most of them are not using knowledge ontology. In this case, it needs some vocabularies to represent domain knowledge and sharing information; hence, we bring out some concepts of construct knowledge ontology model. For building knowledge ontology efficiently and realizing knowledge ontology in this physical environment, we attempt to use ontology building tools such as protégé software to implement our study. In this paper, we also propose a methodology to develop ontology with real case study. An example of ontology can be found in Telecom Corporation of customer's questions. This wil be used to illustrate the concept of development of knowledge ontology through using Protégé.


We report the discovery of a remarkable γ-ray transient source near the Galactic plane, GRO J1838-04. This source was serendipitously discovered by EGRET in 1995 June with a peak intensity of ~(4 ± 1) × 10-6 photons cm-2 s-1 (for photon energies larger than 100 MeV) and a 5.9 σ significance. At that time, GRO J1838-04 was the second brightest γ-ray source in the sky. A subsequent EGRET pointing in 1995 late September detected the source at a flux smaller than its peak value by a factor of ~7. We determine that no radio-loud spectrally flat blazar is within the error box of GRO J1838-04. We discuss the origin of the γ-ray transient source and show that interpretations in terms of active galactic nuclei or isolated pulsars are highly problematic. GRO J1838-04 provides strong evidence for the existence of a new class of variable γ-ray sources.


For more than 50 years, Mesoamerica! has provided the field for an impres sive amount of anthropological research. The overwhelming bulk of the work has been reported in the form of community studies. To date, there are more than 100 published book-length studies of Mexican and Guatema lan communities; more than half of these have appeared during the past decade. Our concern in this essay is to review the work published in book form within the decade 1967-1977. The sheer quantity of available material evidences the discipline's continued interest in the peoples of Mesoamerica. In spite of the number of studies cited in this essay, the actual amount of work that has been done over the past 10 years is underrepresented. Only a few studies by European scholars are discussed here; we have ignored almost totally the wealth of journal articles; we have made no attempt to trace the numerous relevant dissertations;2 and we have only touched on the


The growth of a virulent strain of fixed rabies virus, Nishigahara, in mouse neuroblastoma NA cells treated with type I interferon (IFN) was compared with that of a derivative avirulent strain, Ni‐CE. Nishigahara strain was slightly sensitive to IFN treatment but still grew more efficiently than did Ni‐CE strain in IFN‐treated NA cells. Furthermore, a virulent chimeric virus with the phosphoprotein gene from Nishigahara strain in the Ni‐CE genome was less sensitive to IFN treatment than was Ni‐CE strain, indicating that the IFN sensitivity is determined by the phosphoprotein gene of the virus.


The requirements for metal-cutting tools are increases. One of the most promising ways to solve the problem is the creation of new wear-resistant composite coatings for metal cutting tools. The physical and mechanical properties of coatings based on intermetallides of the Ti-Al system synthesized in the environmebt of oxygen by vacuum arc plasma are studied in this work. Microhardness, wear resistance, coefficient of friction, adhesion strength, scratch test of coating were studied on the obtained samples. Influence of the deposition conditions on the content of intermetallic compounds in the coating was established by X-ray diffraction methods. The results of investigations showed that the main physico-mechanical properties of coatings based on intermetallides of Ti-Al system synthesized in the environment of oxygen were increase compared to the coatings synthesized in the environment of argon or nitrogen.


TPC Benchmark C (TPC-C) is an OLTP workload, which is considered as performance evaluating standard. Kylin is a server OS inChinese with owned authority based on the POSIX standard. To evaluate Kylin's performance, a TPC-C testing system is needed. At present, mostopen source-test softwares, which attempt to implement OLTP are load test tools, and few of them accords with TPC-C benchmark. Hence, can'tgain the performance metric for TPC-C. The singularity of the test results and the opacity of the test course make it difficult to improve theoperatiing system. This article implements TPC-C benchmark with Tuxedo, Apache and Oracle on Kylin OS.This system strictly keeps to TPC-Cbenchmark, reduces the impact because of the shortage of the testing software, and gives suggestion for Kylin.


Abstract The current status of the research and development as well as the recent contributions in optical communications at INESC Porto is reviewed. This review includes all the work carried out in the last few years in optical fiber communications, namely the development of passive and active optical devices. Some of the passive structures that have been studied and developed are: add-drop multiplexers, multiplexer/demultiplexer based on Bragg grating technology, dispersion compensators, and optical cross-connects. Active photonic devices such as wavelength converters, fiber lasers, and fiber amplifiers have also been studied. New ideas are being continuously developed and tested.


Legumes utilized as GM may provide on-farm organic N. Nonetheless, data regarding GM use on sandy soils in warm-temperate environments remains scarce. We conducted a 2-yr field study to evaluate growth and decomposition of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L., winter 2001-2002), and Cahaba white vetch (Vicia saliva L., winter 2002-2003) used as GM to provide N for sweet corn (Zea mays L. var Rugosa) in a reduced tillage system in northern Florida. Intercepted solar radiation accounted for most variability in total GM dry weight and N content regardless of species or year. Sunn hemp exhibited substantial growth and N accumulation (≤12.2 Mg ha -1 and 172 kg N ha -1 in 14 wk). However, rapid N loss (45-58% within 4 wk after death) occurred after sunn hemp death. Winter GM growth (2.0-4.0 Mg ha -1 and 51-104 kg N ha -1 in 18-20 wk) appeared limited by low LAI response to growing degree days (GDD) and was not affected by previous sunn hemp GM. Sunn hemp residues and living winter legume together contained 120 to 125 kg N ha -1 at time of final sampling before sweet corn planting. Corn rotated with sunn hemp plus winter GM and supplemented with 133 kg synthetic N ha -1 produced marketable ear yields similar to monoculture corn fertilized with 200 kg synthetic N ha -1 , but the practical value of this benefit is low. In northern Florida, winter and/or summer GM use may substitute only for a relatively small portion of synthetic N rates.


Background and Objective: Exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy occurs through increased rate of muscle protein synthesis that is regulated via molecular signaling pathways. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is believed to play a major role, via phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 kinase of 70 kDa (p70S6K). Results concerning the effect of concurrent training on these factors have been contradictory. This study was done to determine the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training and concurrent resistance and aerobic training on phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) and phospho-p70S6K (p-p70S6K) responses in skeletal muscle in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 wistar rats (age: 8 weeks) were randomly allocated into resistance training (n=8), concurrent training (n=8), and control (n=8) groups in equal laboratorial condition. Resistance group performed 5 sessions per week consisted of 10 repetitions ladder climbing with load suspended from the tail between 30-80% individual maximum overload test that was weekly performed to adjust the individual load throughout the week. The concurrent group performed resistance training followed by 5 minutes rest and endurance training consisted of treadmills run, that speed and duration of running gradually increased during training period, from 9 m/min and 10 minutes in the first week to 30 m/min and 60 minutes in the last week. The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle of rats were removed under sterile condition at 24 hours after the last session of training and the proteins levels of p-mTOR and p-p70S6K were measured by ELISA method. Results: The level of p-mTOR was significantly greater in resistance training and concurrent training groups in compared to control group. No significant difference was observed between training groups. However, the significant increase of p-p70S6K was observed only in resistance group in compared to control group. Conclusion: Because of the increased of p-mTOR in concurrent group was not accompanied by increase of p-p70S6K compared with resistance group, thus concurrent training probably attenuate signaling responses of downstream targets of mTOR. _______________________________________________________________________________________________


With the convergence with the European Space for Higher Education, reflections on the Humanities, Language and Literature, and foreign languages student in virtual environments are becoming more appropriate than ever. This article will be addressing the problems of this type of virtual student from the perspective of their generic profile, the skills and competences that they should have, and their specific needs.


Excision theorems on fibration and cofibration have been proved by P. J. Hilton [4]. The same notion is studied by T. Ganea [3] and Y. Nomura [8]. Let K be a class of finite abelian groups. The object of this paper is to show mod (£ excision theorems on fibration and cofibration in the generalized homotopy theory (Theorem 1 and Theorem 2). And we obtain as a special case the general mod (£ suspension theorem shown by B. S. Brown [1].


Using ethylenediamine o-vanillin Schiff base and rare earth nitrates as raw materials,anhydrous ethanol as a solvent,seven kinds of rare earth complexes with ethylenediamine o-vanillin Schiff base were synthesized by heating,stirring and refluxing.The structures of these complexes were characterized by elemental analysis,XRD,IR,UV,molar conductivity,TG-DTA analyses and so on.Results showed that these complexes had general chemical formula[REL(NO3)2]NO3,the stoichiometry of the complexes was found to be 1∶1(metal∶ligand).The coordination number for metal ion was 8:two oxygen donor atoms from hydroxyl groups and two nitrogen donor atoms coordinated with central metal ion.In addition,two NO-3ions coordinated with the same metal ion in bidentate ligands,and the peripheral of the complex had single NO-3.The obtained complexes still had the ability to absorb ultraviolet rays with good thermal stability.


In this article a graphene based direct-fed multiband planar internal antenna (PIA) for wireless communication is proposed. Graphene, one of the most disruptive materials, is used to enhance the performance of this antenna. Graphene based antennas present noteworthy perfections for the maximum parameters than copper based antennas. Designing and simulating in CST over 0 to 3 THz, it is observed that the PIA indicates the highest efficiency over the different types of graphene based patch antennas. It performs with almost 98 % efficiency.


Two devices for refuse collection, which are now in use in Scottsdale, Arizona, are described. The devices permit between service at reduced costs. One of these devices, the litter pig, is a mechanical arm that can be conventiently mounted on any refuse collection body that has an opening techniques due to the differences which exist in the , trash hog, is a mobile transfer trailer that receives refuse directly from the collection vehicle.


Taking the North Region of Renqiu Ordovician Buried Hill of Raoyang Depression for example,the rock mechanical parameter is defined according to acoustic logging data;the regional boundary loads as unknown condition,the crustal stress of the key well points are taken as constraint conditions,the regional boundary stress is obtained.The geological model,calculation model and mechanical model are established based on it.The distribution rule and characteristic of regional crustal stress are obtained by using simulation in study area.The result shows that the value of crustal stress by numerical simulations is consistent with that of actual measurements.The maximum horizontal principal stress focuses between-61 MPa and-118 MPa in study area,the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress in middle-north part is in west-north,and in south part is in north-south.The minimum horizontal principal stress focuses between-31 MPa and-91 MPa,the direction of minimal horizontal principal stress in north part is in east-north,and in south part is in west-east.Besides,the main crustal stress in the fault zone is smaller than that in continuous strata,the adjacency of fault zone is gradient zone of stresses variation,and the fault zone has an obvious effect on the distribution of horizontal principal stress.


This paper researches on half-bridge rectifier of double salient Electro-magnetic motor. It analysis principles of two rectifier models and studies the armature reaction. Through the experiment of the output of 28.5V on the motor, we find the proper rectifier model for low voltage output of direct current.


The relevance of common ground is of utmost significance in the production and interpretation of literary plays, especially, those of African refracted universes. However, much as the contribution is to linguistic scholarship, little has been done in this direction, especially on the plays of Ahmed Yerima. Applying the relevance and common ground principles, therefore, this study sets out to investigate how the principles enhance the production and reader"s interpretation of Ahmed Yerima"s perspectives in Ajagunmale, so selected because it is rich in data. We found out that with the notion of relevance and common ground, Yerima effectively selects such lexical items of idioms, personal pronouns, proverbs and wise-sayings in the constructions of utterances of his characters in Ajagunmale, thereby aiding our easy understanding of Ahmed Yerima"s perspectives in the play. A study of the relevance of common ground therefore significantly enhances our interpretation of the use of language and authorial perspective in the play, and could also be useful if applied to other Ahmed Yerima"s plays as well as other African refracted universes.


The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of HipAlign (OrthAlign, Inc., USA) system for cup orientation in total hip arthroplasty (THA). The subjects of this study were 5 hips that underwent primary cementless THA via a posterior approach in the lateral decubitus position. Evaluation 1; after reaming acetabular bone, a trial cup was placed in the reamed acetabulum in an aimed alignment using HipAlign. Then, the trial cup alignment was measured using HipAlign and CT-based navigation system in the radiographic definition. Evaluation 2; a cementless cup was placed in the reamed acetabular in an aimed alignment using CT-based navigation and cup alignment was measured using both methods. After operation, we measured the cup alignment using postoperative CT in each patient. In the results, the average cup inclination measured with HipAlign was around 5 degrees of true cup inclination angles. The average cup anteversion with HipAlign tended to be larger than that with CT-...


A hard- and software solution has been conceived, realized, produced and used to gather clinical information about disaster victims in the field in such a way that it makes the different efforts made by mass casualty incident management managers and first responders work more efficient, ergonomic, safe and useful for further scientific and statistic analysis.


CdSe powder precipitated from a chemical bath was screen printed on glass substrates using ZnCl2 as flux, with flux to powder ratio (FPR) varying in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 by weight, and propylene glycol as binder. After a subsequent sintering in air for 1 h at 450 °C, the screen printed coatings showed a photocurrent to darkcurrent ratio of ∼108 under tungsten halogen illumination of 2000 W m−2. X‐ray diffraction studies showed that sintering causes the conversion of the ZnCl2 flux into hexagonal phase ZnO which would fill the void among the CdSe particles. The optimum FPR and the sintering temperature to achieve maximum photosensitivity in the coatings are presented. The coatings may be used in the development of highly photosensitive light dependent resistors.


Fifteen rock samples consisting of isotropic pegmatitic granite and anisotropic micaceous gneiss, obtained from the ONKALO site located at Western Finland, were tested in a unique true-triaxial geophysical imaging cell at the Rock Fracture Dynamic Facility (RFDF), University of Toronto. The anisotropic samples consisted of foliated gneissic samples oriented at 0, 30, 60, and 90 to the main principal stress direction (σ1) during testing. The loading path for the triaxial testing series was designed to simulate the in situ and secondary stresses that the rock mass was exposed to during the Posiva's Spalling Experiment (POSE), consisting of excavation, heating and cooling phases of canister holes within ONKALO research tunnel at the depth of -345 m. During the first five tests, the isotropic pegmatitic specimen shows numerous acoustic emission (AE) events but does not fail during the final stages of the simulated stress path, which correspond to the maximum thermal stress increment in the POSE experiment. However, the anisotropic gneissic specimens with the foliation angles of 0, 30, and 60 failed at the end of the last loading stage. Based on the results obtained from the initial five tests, two additional series of experiments were carried out to maintain a controlled failure and observe the reproducibility of the testing. The pegmatite specimens were loaded up to failure with increasing σ1, whereas the micaceous gneiss specimens (except for the 90 specimens) were loaded up to the damage threshold and were then unloaded. Temporal and spatial analysis of AE events show that fracture initiation and propagation of the micaceous gneissic samples are sensitive to the foliation plane orientation with respect to σ1, and that failure planes coincide with foliation planes for the failed specimens. Variation of seismic wave velocities measured along the three orthogonal axes as a function of the loading path show that compressional and shear wave velocities measured parallel to the foliation planes are higher than perpendicular to such planes characterizing the transversely isotropic nature of Olkiluoto micaceous gneiss. The reproducibility of the last two series of tests confirms the test results obtained in the first series of tests. The true-triaxial POSE experimental loading and unloading path is complex and results in strength and behavioural characteristics that are not replicated with conventional triaxial testing where σ2 = σ3.


Because of the rareness of caseous necrosis and multinucleated giant cells in carnivores, it is not possible to differentiate typical versus atypical mycobacterial infections by routine histologic examination only. The number of organisms present within the macrophages and epithelioid cells are usually higher in atypical mycobacterial infection than in M. tuberculosis and M. bovis i n f e ~ t i o n . ~ , ~ Dogs are strongly resistant to M. avium infe~tion,~.' except for the Basset hounds, which may have a genetic predilection for M. avium complex infection due to a defect in either T-cell or intracellular killing ability of the macro phage^.^ All except one reported case of canine mycobacterial infection due to M. avium are in Basset H o ~ n d s . ~ . ~ . ' ~ . ~ ~ It is not known how closely the mixed-breed dog in this report was genetically related to Basset Hounds, if at all. The present case is unusual in that the lesion was limited to a focal area o f the spinal cord with large numbers of macrophages containing numerous intracellular organisms. Only a few reported cases of mycobacterial infection in animals had lesions in the central nervous system as a part of disseminated f~rrn.~.*JO Mycobacterial infection in the central nervous system is usually an extension from the meningeal lesion, which can be hematogenous or a direct extension from vertebral o~teomyelitis.~ The lesion in this dog was primarily in the spinal cord parenchyma with minimal involvement of the meninges. No evidence of vertebral osteomyelitis was found on gross examination. Recently, M. avium infection with unusual lumbosacral involvement causing a locomotive problem was reported from six wallabies (Macropus parma). I 2 Presence of the disseminated granulomatous lesions in multiple organs in these animals suggests that these cases may represent a protracted early genera1i~ation.l~ There was no clinical or pathologic evidence of mycobacterial infection in tissues other than the spinal cord in this dog. Although this dog had been kept outdoors in a rural area and may have had contact with other animals in the neighborhood, no mycobacterial disease has been reported from the area. The source of infection and port of its entry could not be determined.


It is an adjusting method for a display device with one on the head of a user (B) attachable holding device (2), the having a front portion (3), in which two lenses (4, 5) are arranged, which are connected to one another via a central part (6), one at the holding device (2) fixed to the imaging unit (20) which generates an image, and a fastened on the holding device imaging optics (21), which the image formed in on the head of the user (B) mounted state of the holding device (2) so depicts in an exit pupil that the user (B) with its first eye as a virtual image can perceive wherein the first lens (4) is part of the imaging optics (21) and out the image generated in the first lens and a Auskoppelabschnitt (28) from the first lens (4) is coupled out, provided, wherein the first lens (4, 5) with the Auskoppelabschnitt (28) is positioned so that the exit pupil of the imaging optics in the mounted on the head of the user state at least partially with an eye pupil of the first eye of the user (B) coinciding.


Patients requiring congenital and structural heart interventions often require large‐sized sheath insertion into femoral veins and arteries. Clinical outcome data on the use of suture‐mediated devices for femoral venous access site closure are limited.


A large number of heterogeneous and computing devices, such as PCs, PDAs, and cell phones, nowadays are used to access the same information. Currently, designers designing such multi-device user interfaces have to design a UI separately for each device, which is a time consuming and error prone activity. This paper discusses our approach to the multi-device interface development. In particular we describe how abstract UI descriptions and task model management systems can be combined to develop adaptive UIs for a wide range of devices. The designed software framework allows generating the concrete user interface at runtime, by adapting it to the client's execution environment. As shown in the example application, three different environments have been the target of our implementation work: standard PCs, PDAs and mobile phones equipped with Java micro edition


Existing breeds or closed lines of each livestock species are essentially mildly inbred lines, whose relative straightbred performance levels are determined by differences in both 1) mean gene frequencies and 2) degrees of heterozygosity relative to a hypothetical population of all possible breed crosses for a given species. These breed differences have developed over time from both 1) deliberate and natural selection for adaptation to differing production-marketing environments and 2) random drift in gene frequencies and in degree of heterozygosity (inbreeding) from variable limits on the effective size of each breed population. These differences include average, dominant and non-allelic interaction effects of genes. Crosses of breeds or lines produce changes in performance relative to the parental stocks from complementary maternal/paternal effects, increased heterozygosity (reduced inbreeding) for dominant alleles, and from changes in non-allelic interactions as well. The challenge is to evaluate these genetic components of breeds and their crosses accurately enough to predict the performance to be expected from alternative choices of breeds and breeding systems. This task is complicated by the multiple-trait nature of the breed differences and their interactions with production environments which together determine the economic efficiency of livestock production-marketing systems.


The purpose of software maintenance techniques is addressed. The aims of perfective, adaptive and corrective software maintenance are defined and discussed, especially in the NASA research environment. Areas requiring maintenance, and tools available for this, and suggestions for their use are made. Stress is placed on the organizational aspect of maintenance at both the individual and group level. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of various forms of documentation as the basis around which to organize. Finally, suggestions are given on how to proceed in the partial or complete absence of such documentation.


A high precision design methodology for PID regulators used in generic two-degree of freedom (G2DF) systems is introduced. This regulator structure can be considered as a generic PID (GPID) controller scheme providing desired transient properties for both tracking and regulatory performances. It is shown how the H/sub 2/-optimal generalized PID regulators and serial compensators must be computed. The design algorithms are given for unstable processes. Simulation examples are also shown presenting the tracking and regulatory transient properties of the GPID closed-loop control systems.


Rand (1952) proposed that sexual dimorphism facilitated attraction between males and females, inhibited mismating, and in some situations permitted differential niche use reducing dietary overlap and thus competition. Selander (1966) demonstrated a relationship between the degree of sexual dimorphism and sexual divergence in foraging behavior in 2 melanerpine woodpeckers, the insular Hispaniolan Woodpecker (Melanerpes striatus) and the continental Golden-fronted Woodpecker (M. aurifrons). He hypothesized that in continental avian communities the extent of sexual divergence in niche use would be limited owing to the relative richness of the avifaunas (see also Wallace 1974). Since Selander's (1966) seminal paper, several investigators have quantified foraging differences in continental areas between sexes, especially in the Picidae (Jackson 1970, Kilham 1970, Willson 1970, Kisiel 1972, Grubb 1975, Williams 1975, Jenkins 1979). Foraging differences are not always associated with morphological divergence (Ligon 1968, Jackson 1970, Kisiel 1972). In this study, I examine the relationship between sexual dimorphism and intersexual niche partitioning of Downy Woodpeckers (Dendrocopos pubescens) living in different habitats and in different competitive environments. Further, I report a controlled experiment testing the premise that foraging differences between sexes are reduced by increased interspecific competition.


This volume deals with all aspects of benigh prostatic hyperplasia, including basic science, epidemiology, evaluation, medical treatment, surgical and interventional options, and future directions. There is an overview on the effectiveness of current treatments and positive developments in research, as well as discussions of each new drug currently available. New forms of minimally invasive procedures are examined, such as lasers, hyperthermia treatment and the application of high-focused ultrasound.


The retromer cargo‐selective complex (CSC) comprising Vps35, Vps29 and Vps26 mediates the endosome‐to‐Golgi retrieval of the cation‐independent mannose 6‐phosphate receptor (CIMPR). Or does it? Recently published data have questioned the validity of this long‐established theory. Here, the evidence for and against a role for the retromer CSC in CIMPR endosome‐to‐Golgi retrieval is examined in the light of the new data that the SNX‐BAR dimer is actually responsible for CIMPR retrieval.


GPR has great potential in investigating water leak and water seepage because of its sensitivity to water. Given water as a dominant factor affecting reflection strength, wave propagation velocity of radar and absorption of high frequency part in spectral content for the non-metallic substance, thus this feature can be used to characterize water leak and seepage. This paper studies the phenomenon of subsurface water leak and demonstrates the experimental effort of pinpointing the water leaks of a buried water mains via a field-scale water leakage experiment in a designated site area (20m long × 10m wide) by analyzing change in GPR's wave propagation velocity. In the site, a ductile iron (D.I.) pipe with four displaced joints were buried and overlaid by concrete and paving blocks. Results obtained by IDS antenna with nominal center frequency of 600MHz were used to study and validate the effects of water leakage by velocity analysis based on [1]. The GPR wave propagation velocity analysis and imaging are based on the GPR data acquired before and after the water injection to map the location of leak points. With the reliable result attained from the velocity analysis, it is validated that the leak points of the pipe could be identified and verified by comparing the velocity profile and providing an accurate method for engineers to locate pipe leak.


n engl j med 374;18 nejm.org May 5, 2016 1744 From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Z.Z., L.J., Y.Z., Q.L., J.D., Z.C.); and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (R.J., S.G., B.C.), and the Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health (J.E., M.H., Z.C., R.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Address reprint requests to Dr. Zheng at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Rd., Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China, or at zhengzhe@ fuwai . com; or to Dr. Casadei at the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, L6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom, or at barbara . casadei@ cardiov . ox . ac . uk.


The work presents the features of pathogenesis, clinical course and diagnosis of acute cholecystitis of patients with decompensated cardiovascular diseases have been submitted in this report. The main diseases of cardiovascular system that affects the prognosis of acute cholecystitis have been set off. The sufficient detailed is written about the criteria for patients at risk. Listed severe somatic diseases, which are frequent in older patients being treated in surgical hospitals. The pathogenetic link between inflammatory disease of the gallbladder and cardiovascular system has been explained. The problem of mutual deterioration between acute cholecystitis and different manifestations of coronary artery disease has been reviewed. The noting widespread introduction of new non-invasive methods (ultrasonography, computer tomography and magnetic resonance tomography) and invasive (endovideosurgery) diagnostics. Detailed characteristics of such instrumental techniques as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, magnetic tomography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, diagnostic laparoscopy has been given. The role of specific biochemical markers of necrosis has been showed: creatinephosphokinase, its heart fraction, troponin test. Possible changes on the electrocardiogram of patients with acute cholecystitis and reasons for their appearance have been described. Detailed recommendations for the identification of acute myocardial infarction of patients with acute cholecystitis using markers of myocardial damage have been given.


During the formation of the oxide layer by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), the electrochemical processes are accom-panied by the plasma micro-discharges, occurring uniformly over the coated electrode. Application of an alternating current with strictly controlled electrical parameters can affect the character of the discharges, and consequently the properties of the obtained layers. When the cathodic current density exceeds anodic, at some point, a sudden change in the appearance of micro-discharges and a decrease in the intensity of the acoustic emission can be observed – in literature this effect is called "soft sparking". In the present work, the evolution of the electrical properties of the layers at various stages of their formation has been characterized, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The study showed a significant decrease in charge transfer resistance and increase in capacitance of the oxide layer after reaching the "soft sparking". This indicates a significant change in the structure of the oxide layer, in the barrier and main part, which is additionally confirmed by measuring the breakdown voltage.


Coral reefs are the most productive and diverse ecosystems. This study aims to determine the condition of coral reefs, using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. Data were collected in October 2018. The results of the study found 18 categories of benthic growth forms crossed by the transect line, where the biotic component was 63.02% and the abiotic component was 36.98%. The biotic component consists of 26.6% hard corals, 0.44% dead corals, 3.54% algae, and 32.44% other fauna while the abiotic component is only dominated by 36.98% sand. Coral cover of 26.6% shows the condition of coral reefs is in a fair condition. The cause of the low percentage of coral cover caused by human activity (anthropogenic impact). Keywords:  Coral reef;  Line Intercept Transect;  Amahusu Village


Microstrip stop-band filters based on complementary split ring resonators has been proposed in this project. Two shapes (circle and square) of SRRs have been investigated to come out device which is designed to suppress frequency 2.4-2.48 GHz (with a center frequency of 2.45 GHz) and the frequency spectrum between 5 - 6 GHz. The combinational design of each shape which is able to suppress is then fabricated in UniMAP fabrication lab and measured using Agilent PNA Series Network Analyzer and coaxial wire. Comparison of simulation and measurement results of circle SRRs is done and it is observed that good frequency selectivity is obtained around the design frequency 2.45 GHz and produce slightly deeper rejection at 5-6 GHz compare to simulation results. Both results show significant insertion loss (>30 dB).


Thames Water have recently built a demonstration-scale biological nutrient-removal plant at Beckton sewage-treatment works to provide (a) operational experience of nutrient removal, and (b) accurate design and cost information. The paper (i) outlines the basic principles of biological nutrient removal, (ii) describes the plant layout at Beckton, and (iii) presents results from the first three months of operation. The plant has removed over 50% of both nitrogen and phosphorus present in the settled sewage but has not been able to meet consistently the most stringent standards proposed by the urban waste water treatment Directive. Periods of good performance are compared with periods of poor performance, and differences in operating conditions are highlighted. From these findings, steps to improve performance are indicated and will be included in the future operational programme


ZrSiO{sub 4}/ZrSiO{sub 4} fibrous monoliths (FMs) have been fabricated using both ram and screw extrusion processing methods to form unidirectional [0] architectures. Ram extrusion has been the traditional process for fabricating FMs, in which a controlled-geometry feedrod containing the cell and cell-boundary phases as ceramic/polymer blends is forced through a die. Conventional screw extrusion has also been used more recently to fabricate FM filaments. Both techniques resulted in FMs that exhibit graceful failure in flexure. Peak strengths are in the range of 90-100 MPa with load retention after fracture occurs.


Introduction: Much of the focus of lead risk health campaigns has been on vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women, thus not communicating the risk of exposure for other adults. This becomes a particular issue for adults who are long-term residents of communities near lead mines as they can be at an increased risk of exposure to lead within their environment. As such, this study investigated the perceived risk of exposure to lead in residents of a lead mining community.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were held with 20 (3 male, 17 female) residents from a community in close proximity to a lead mine and were recruited through the community media and local organizations. Common themes were identified through an interpretative phenomenological analytical framework providing an in depth examination of the lived experiences of participants.

Results: Majority of the participants did not perceive a health risk from exposure to lead. Those who reported a specific concern surrounding their exposure to lead had lived within the community for less than five years. However, it was commonly noted that the behaviors to control residents' exposure to lead were easily performed and low cost.

Conclusions: These results suggest that residents of a community chronically exposed to lead seem to become complacent about their risk for poor health outcomes the longer they live within the community. These findings have implications for the communication of the risk of exposure to lead for adults who are chronically exposed to lead.


Abstract:I explore both the potential and the perils of Twitter as a space for constituting a Deweyan public aimed at transforming how "we" (here, I mean not only citizens of the United States but global citizens) affectively receive and thereby respond to and resist sexual violation. In the course of this brief exploration, I operate with a pragmatic notion of "truth," namely, as democratically formulating a hypothesis concerning the nature of a social problem that enables fruitful amelioration of the problem. I specifically focus on the viral #WhyIDidntReport Twitter campaign provoked by Brett Kavanaugh's Supreme Court hearing.


An improved asymptotic homogenization method was applied to analyze the mechanical performance and failure mechanism of masonry. The microscopic basic cell( representative volume element( RVE)) was adopted to represent the macroscopic mechanical performance of masonry,so that the problems were to analyse the mechanical performance and simulate failure process. On the effort of our group,APDL language of ANSYS was applied to develop the method. Then,analyze the mechanical performance of base cell and the three-dimensional equivalent modulus of masonry. Therefor,the macro-mechanical characteristics of masonry could be educed. It was compared with A. Zucchini,s micro-mechanical model which proves that the method is suitable for three-dimensional equivalent modulus calculation of masonry. Finally,on the basis of above results,the proposed model was applied to simulate the internal stress-strain state and failure mechanism of masonry shear wall under in-plane shear-compression. It implied that the method is availability by comparing with test and composite interface model,it is concluded that the method is applicable in engineering.


Change your habit to hang or waste the time to only chat with your friends. It is done by your everyday, don't you feel bored? Now, we will show you the new habit that, actually it's a very old habit to do that can make your life more qualified. When feeling bored of always chatting with your friends all free time, you can find the book enPDF pulmonary pathology decennial 1966 1975 and then read it.


The year just passed, 2016, marked the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of Issues in Science and Religion (ISR) by Ian G. Barbour. In my opinion, and one shared by many others in this interdisciplinary field, ISR marked a turning point in the constructive relations between science and religion and helped create and usher in a whole new model for their engagement: dialogue and especially integration, to use Ian's own terms. In 2004 I published an edited collection of some 20 essays celebrating Ian's work entitled Fifty Years in Science and Religion: Ian G. Barbour and his Legacy (Ashgate Press, 2004). The book was the first Festschrift in the field and its focus was on the scholar, Ian G. Barbour, whose pioneering work in the 1950s and 1960s helped create the field and whose ongoing work over the past 60 years now has explored every aspect of it in depth. It thus seems fitting to republish a selection of these essays, each in a somewhat abbreviated form that gets to their essential points, here in Theology and Science. Both individually and together as a whole they describe and assess some of the most important accomplishments of Ian's work and point to new directions for the field's ever widening intercultural and interfaith scope and its emerging challenges. As with the book, this issue of Theology and Science begins with Ian's priceless autobiographical sketch, "A Personal Odyssey," published first in Fifty Years and republished here in its original form in honor due to its unique character. Its story ranges from Barbour's being born in China in 1923, his family's close connection to Teilhard de Chardin, his involvement back in the States with the Quakers, marrying Deane Kerne, joining the faculty of Carleton College to teach physics and at the same time to develop a department of religion, and many more priceless details and anecdotes. In writing ISR Barbour tells us that "what had started as an attempt to fit together two halves of my own life had become a wider intellectual inquiry in which I found that many other people were interested." Myths, Models and Paradigms was published in 1973, followed by writings on ethical issues in technology and the environment, and the development of an interdepartmental minor at Carleton, "Science, Technology and Public Policy." In the early 1990s Barbour published two sets of Gifford Lectures delivered in Scotland: Religion in an Age of Science and Ethics in an Age of Technology. Barbour's autobiography also includes rare glimpses into the personal side of his career: his participation in CTNS from its inception to his death in 2014, his involvement in several of the twenty years of Vatican Observatory / CTNS conferences on divine action, his participation in CTNS's "Science and the Spiritual Quest program," and the $1M financial gift he so generously made to CTNS after receiving the Templeton Prize


We propose a new training scheme for domain generalization in mitotic figure detection. By considering the image variance due to different scanner types as different image styles, we have trained our detection network to be robust on scanner types. To expand the image variance, domain of training image is transferred into arbitrary domain. The proposed style transfer module generates different styled images from an input image with random code, eventually generating variously styled images. Our model with the proposed training scheme shows good performance on MIDOG Preliminary Test-Set containing scanners never seen before.


In the information age, online media has been widely acclaimed, and college students have become an important part of the "low-headed group." Students present unique characteristics, such as the virtualization of interpersonal communication, the change of traditional socialization methods, and the enhancement of autonomy. The management work poses new challenges. The new media environment makes the management of college students face the predicament of informal network groups, reduced authority of educators, and diversified values. Therefore, college workers should strengthen management in this area, combine the characteristics of students' hobbies to give full play to the advantages of new media, and use new media channel innovation to educate and manage students to improve their comprehensive quality in the new media atmosphere.


Objective To observe the effect of intrapleural injection urokinase treatment for complicated paraneumonic effusion (CPE). Methods 41 cases with CPE in hospital were divided into the treatment group (21 cases) and the control group (20 cases). The treatment group injected with the 100 000 U urokinase that was dissolved in the 100 mL NS in the chest intra-articular after chest drainage once a day, and the injection continued for days according to situation. Control group received routine chest puncture pumping. Both two groups received the antibiotic treatment. Results The treatment group's effective rate was significantly higher than the control group, and the difference was of statistical significance (P0.05). In the treatment group, the amount of pleural effusion lead flow was (1 250±210) mL, received chest fluid absorption for (12.5±2.1) d, hospitalization time was (14.5±1.3) d; in the control group, the amount of pleural effusion lead flow was (580±170) mL, received chest fluid absorption for (16.6±3.0) d, hospitalization time was (18.8±2.7) d. Two groups' comparative difference was of statistical significance (P0.05). Conclusions Chest intra-articular injection urokinase treatment for complicated paraneumonic effusion is worthy of popularizing, for it can reduce the incidence of pleural space, adhesion, and parcel, increase lead flow significantly, shorten the length of chest drainage and hospital stay, and the method is simple and clear.


Obesity is typically defined using Body Mass Index (BMI) and its established cut-off. However, some studies have highlighted the importance of developing racial/ethnic-specific classifications of obesity that reflect different body compositions and fat distributions. Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data and Random Forest classification, this paper attempts to identify important body measures and cut-offs for predicting obesityrelated health risks among White, Hispanic, Black male populations in the U.S. The results show that BMI is indeed an important body measure for predicting obesity-related health risks among White males, but is considerably less informative for Hispanic and Black males. On the other hand, using wasit circumference along with population-specific cut-offs turned out to be more useful in predicting obesity-related health risks for these two populations.


The characteristics of urban expansion and land use change in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province were studied using Landsat images from 1994, 2005 and 2014. First, we used the maximum likelihood method to perform a supervised classification to retrieve land use/cover categories. With the confusion matrix approach, the total accuracy of the classification was estimated to be 90.38%, 89.81% and 89.57%, respectively, for 1994, 2005, and 2014. Second, by comparing land use patterns with each other for the three time slices, urban expansion and land use changes were revealed. The results show that urban area increased from 135.48 km2 in 1994 to 323.28 km2 in 2005 and to 456.33 km2 in 2014. The newly developed urban areas mainly extended to the southwest from 1994 to 2005 and to the east and southeast from 2005 to 2014. The expansion of urban area mostly came at the cost of a decrease in arable land. The net conversions from arable land to urban area reached as high as 298.04 km2 during the period from 1994 to 2014. At the decadal scale, the urban expansion appears likely to precede economic growth. The implication is that urban expansion provided good conditions for economic growth rather than being driven by economic growth.


White ethnicity is generally invisible and unexamined in racism, crime and justice debates. Serving mostly as a default comparator to describe visible minority experiences of crime and criminal justice processes, white ethnicity is seen as unproblematic as an ethnicity except as a potential source of racism. This article draws on aspects of `whiteness studies' in the USA and UK—focusing on marginalized white ethnicities—to explore racialized `white' ethnicity, both historically and today. Designations such as white `underclass', `new' migrants, `white trash' are offered to show that some whites are seen as `less white' than others within a hierarchy of `whiteness'. The article concludes that racism and classism towards marginalized white working-class ethnicities have criminalized these groups in ways not too dissimilar from the criminalization of visible working-class minorities.


Succession planning, leadership development, effective instructional methods, and successful mentorship practices are vital to the growth of today's school boards. Existing research shows those willing to grasp the reins of leadership have benefitted from a district's formalized mentoring program. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to determine the mentoring needs of beginning Vice-Principals and determine their views of the most critical areas that need addressing in the mentoring program at the Ottawa Valley District School Board (a pseudonym). This study uses a phenomenological design to explore the experiences of ten administrators who are new to the role of Vice-Principal. The setting for this study is the Ottawa Valley District School Board. Interviews, observations, and a focus group were used to collect data. Data was analyzed by organizing data into computer files. In turn, these files were converted into appropriate text units for analysis by hand and computer. Moustakas' (1994) Seven Steps of Data Analysis were used to arrive at meaning and essence for the participants. Triangulation, member checking, rich thick description, and bracketing are used to address issues of trustworthiness.


A research guide for subjects which to do fit into a singular research subject category and cover a broad range of material. Find books and e-books


The Structure Varied Discret Dynamic Bayesian Network is the widened traditional Discret Dynamic Bayesian Network.It can be applyed more widened than traditional Discret Dynamic Bayesian Network.But its inference algorithm is not super enough.Aim at the shortcomings of the Structure Varied Discret Dynamic Bayesian Networks,such as its inference algorithm is hard to understand,hard to progamming and running slowly,this paper proposes the most suitable storage data structure of the Structure Varied Discret Dynamic Bayesian Networks,deduces the parallel inference algorithm for the Structure Varied Discret Dynamic Bayesian Networks,and verifies the parallel inference algorithm for the Structure Varied Discret Dynamic Bayesian Networks by a sample.The parallel inference algorithm is useful for applying the Structure Varied Discret Dynamic Bayesian Networks,and speed up the inference running of the Structure Varied Discret Dynamic Bayesian Networks.


Reducing energy consumption while satisfying user living comfort is a challenging issue in IoT environment for utilities and service providers. Energy consumption needs to be reduced without compromising user comfort that depends not only on current environment condition but also real world knowledge, history data and user preferences. Web Objects based IoT environment allows objects virtualization and use of semantic ontology to create real world knowledge and applies cognitive functionalities to learn user preferences. Web Objects based IoT environment allows integration of connected objects and isolation of information from multiple application domains. Depending on user current situation, location, time, history data and future prediction, energy efficiency on WoO make intelligent decision to offer services for user comfort living and reduce energy consumption. This paper proposes an architecture that supports Web Objects based energy efficiency for smart home IoT services. To realize knowledge-based intelligent IoT services, a use case scenario has been studied.


This study analyzes (1) the effects of affluence perception on anomia and (2) the importance of affluence perception as an intervening variable interpreting the effects of race, education, and income on anomia. The analysis uses survey data from a probability sample of adults in Hamilton County (Cincinnati), Ohio. Affluence perception is found to be positively related to anomia and to account for part of the effects of race, education, and income on anomia. The three demographic variables, however, have stronger independent effects on anomia that cannot be accounted for by perception of affluence.


Bitcoin uses elliptic curve cryptography for its keys and signatures, but the specific secp256k1 curve used is rather unusual. The ECDSA keys used to generate Bitcoin addresses and sign transactions are derived from some specific parameters. Due to this characteristic, several questions come up concerning Satoshi's choice of this curve rather than that of the NIST standard secp256r1 curve. Former President Dan Brown's address to Bitcoin users on the Bitcoin talk.org online forum concerning the use of secp256k1 in Bitcoin of SECG showed his surprise to see someone uses SECG secp256k1 instead of secp256r1 of NIST.In this article, we will analyze the random secp256r1 curve and the Koblitz Secp256k1 curve (parameters, equation, automorphism…), by giving the strengths and weaknesses of each one of them, in order to justify the choice of Bitcoin's creator, and then we will tackle the mining using the new graphic cards.


years ago to overcome the limitations of conventional injection molding. A molding technique that requires special knowledge, like gas-assist, usually takes some time to move into new industries. Accordingly, the gas-assist process has been adopted by several industries during the last few years, and this innovative technology is now making inroads in the medical industry, offering new technical and creative possibilities to device OEMs. The process features a unit that introduces nitrogen gas into a mold cavity after it has been filled with plastic. The compressed nitrogen displaces a portion of the molten plastic when injected into the cavity. The result is hollow parts that are light and relatively inexpensive to make. Designers can use gas-assist molding to create thin-walled parts. Such parts can be molded with low clamp tonnage, which reduces both tooling cost and required injection molding machine size. The gas-assist technique is ideal for adding thick, hollowed-out sections to otherwise thin-walled parts. The process improves upon polymer fill and packing techniques and boosts melt-flow length. A designer can create larger, more-complex parts with fewer injection gates than conventional molding, while minimizing costs incurred with complicated hot-runner systems. In addition, the sections that are cored out cool rapidly, reducing overall cycle time.


We propose an iterative algorithm for high-dimensional sparse grid regression with penalty. The algorithm is of additive Schwarz type and is thus parallel. We show that the convergence of the algorithm is better than additive Schwarz and examples demonstrate that convergence is between that of additive Schwarz and multiplicative Schwarz procedures. Similarly, the method shows improved performance compared to (additive) iterative methods based on the combination technique. §


Some other issues are worth noting. H. builds his position on a Platonic notion of sin as based in ignorance. To choose sin is irrational and hence arises from a lack of knowledge. Remove ignorance and sin becomes impossible. Such a stance makes sin a cognitive issue rather than an issue of willingness versus willfulness. This may explain a lacuna, the question of the fallen angels. Given that their intellects are not clouded in the ways human intellects are clouded, how is their fall even possible? H. does not deny their existence but provides no framework to "explain" their fallenness. Also, H. quotes the universalist text of Philippians 2:9–11, but omits v.12 where Paul talks about working out our salvation in "fear and trembling"—a glaring oversight. A more major theological concern is the underlying soteriology at work, which is pretty thin. Jesus does not proclaim a message of "it's all okay, you're all going to heaven in the end." His urgent message is "repent, the kingdom of God is at hand." H. describes the work of Jesus as reorienting "humanity again towards its true goal" (141), but given that this goal is, in H.'s own terms, ineradicably embedded in the human heart, why is this orientation needed? And how is it achieved? What is the role of Jesus's death and resurrection in this process? And of the church as a community mediating sacramental grace? Perhaps these issues will be explored in some future work. The book has already become a cause célèbre, with various reviews either promoting or condemning it. It is clearly a controversialist work, and H. has given his critics equal measure in return. Despite this notoriety, this is not a work I would want to use in a course on eschatology. Its polemic nature makes it a poor model for theology students. Opponents are not treated with respect, or their position carefully spelt out, simply dismissed on the authority of the author. Engagement with relevant theological literature is minimal to non-existent. The author is on a mission. Whether it is from God or not remains to be seen.


The number of clinical negligence claims in the UK is constantly increasing. As a specialty, trauma and orthopaedic surgery has one of the highest numbers of negligence claims. 1 This study analyses NHS Litigation Authority (NHSLA) claims in trauma and orthopaedics between 2004 and 2014. A formal request was made to the NHSLA under the Freedom of Information Act in order to obtain all data related to claims against orthopaedic surgery. It was found that the number of claims, and percentage of successful claims, has been constantly increasing over this period, with compensation paid of over £349 million.* Errors in clinical management accounted for the highest number of closed claims (2933 claims), costing over £119 million.* The level of compensation paid out has a significant financial impact on the NHS. Reforms need to be made in order to tackle the high cost of legal fees generated by these claims, which further drain the limited resources available to the NHS.


BENJAMIN FRANKLIN'S ADAGE THAT AN OUNCE OF PREvention is worth a pound of cure is worth remembering at this worrisome time for health care and the economy. The prevalence of chronic illnesses in the United States is projected to increase, from 133 million persons in 2005 to 171 million in 2030. Health care spending accounts for 16% of the gross domestic product and may reach 25% by 2025. Rising health care costs are eroding corporate profits and threaten Medicare solvency, state budgets, pensions, and the viability of employersponsored health insurance. Family medical bills, insurance premiums, and the number of uninsured persons are increasing. Policy makers have proposed solutions (eg, valuebased purchasing, consumer-directed plans, information technology), but whether these are enough to alter the spending trajectory or can overcome the political challenges remains unclear. A more direct strategy for confronting both spending and disease burden is to mitigate the problem at its source by preventing the early onset of disease. Health promotion and disease prevention—eg, behavior modification, immunizations, and early detection (screening)—can modulate the prevalence and severity of disease, something few other proposals can claim. Prevention also may be an easier concept for the public—the politics are less volatile, the logic more intuitive: it is better to prevent diseases than to concentrate resources on treating diseases after they become clinically apparent, when treatment may be too late to be effective. Even though disease prevention has its limitations, its potential benefits are profound. Chronic diseases, which account for 75% of health care expenditures, are precipitated by modifiable risk factors. The relationship between the obesity epidemic and diabetes incidence is illustrative. Targeting risk factors such as obesity can influence disease rates and costs on a scale that few biomedical advances can match. A new diabetes drug can make headlines if it reduces glycohemoglobin levels by 0.5%, whereas exercise can lower the incidence of diabetes by 50%. Four health behaviors (smoking, diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol use) account for 38% of all US deaths. Other forms of primary prevention can intervene more dramatically, as when vaccines all but eradicate infectious diseases. Secondary prevention (screening) can reduce colorectal and breast cancer mortality by 15% to 20%. The business case for prevention is not lost on employers and policy makers. Fortune 500 companies have calculated that tobacco use costs $157 billion per year in medical expenses and lost productivity. Economists have predicted that the obesity epidemic could increase future Medicare beneficiary spending by 34%. The glaring paradox is how little society invests in prevention, only 1% to 3% of health care expenditures. Instead, health plans spend heavily on illness care, covering costly technologies even without evidence of benefit, while proceeding cautiously to cover preventive services. Funding for prevention research and public health programs is scarce. This paradox is long-standing, but it grows more unsettling with time as the human toll of preventable disease increases. Resistance to health promotion and disease prevention has multiple causes, including skepticism about effectiveness, inertia, and competing interests. Disease prevention does not earn the large profits associated with disease treatments. That inertia and such disincentives dampen enthusiasm for health promotion and disease prevention is straightforward, but skepticism about effectiveness is more complex. Some skepticism reflects disappointments with health promotion and disease prevention. Health behaviors are notoriously difficult to change. Decades of public health initiatives to promote a healthy diet and physical activity have failed to reverse the obesity epidemic. Years must pass before many interventions bear fruit. Hundreds of screening tests are of dubious value, and many are overzealously promoted. However, a cadre of important preventive services is supported by compelling evidence of health benefits and cost-effectiveness. The magnitude and quality of the outcomes data for these services surpass those of most disease treatments, yet the latter somehow elude the skepticism associated with preventive measures. Some criticism turns on flawed premises. For example, skeptics of prevention argue that everyone dies of some-


Pulsed cold plasma reforming is a novel method to harvest hydrogen from hydrocarbons. The harvested hydrogen can feed a fuel cell for distributed generation of electricity in a stationary or mobile platforms. The cold plasma arc is generated by a pulsating high voltage. The arc rotates in the magnetic field of a ring permanent magnet, thus increasing the collision area between the arc and the fuel. Due to the difficulties of measurement of plasma properties such as ion and electron temperature without disturbing the plasma, multiphysics simulation is a key step in the design of electrodes, thereby increasing the hydrogen harvest rate in the syngas. In this paper, a 3D multiphysics simulation including fluid dynamics, thermal simulation, and magnet fields has been carried out to assist in the design of electrodes, determination of input fuel rate and permanent magnet parameters. Experiments were carried out to verify the simulation results.


Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted great interest in the field of regenerative medicine. They can home to damaged tissue, where they can exert pro-regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties. These therapeutic effects involve the secretion of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Moreover, the functions of MSCs could be mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) that shuttle various signaling messengers. Although preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results, the efficiency and the safety of MSCs need to be improved. After transplantation, MSCs face harsh environmental conditions, which likely dampen their therapeutic efficacy. A possible strategy aiming to improve the survival and therapeutic functions of MSCs needs to be developed. The preconditioning of MSCs ex vivo would strength their capacities by preparing them to survive and to better function in this hostile environment. In this review, we will discuss several preconditioning approaches that may improve the therapeutic capacity of MSCs. As stated above, EVs can recapitulate the beneficial effects of MSCs and may help avoid many risks associated with cell transplantation. As a result, this novel type of cell-free therapy may be safer and more efficient than the whole cell product. We will, therefore, also discuss current knowledge regarding the therapeutic properties of MSC-derived EVs. Significant changes in the expression and secretion profile of chemo/cytokines and growth factors involved in the immunomodulatory effects of SKP were also reported. Of importance, IFN-γ-preconditioned MSCs were shown to take up and process antigens as well as upregulate HLA class II expression, thus granting the conditions necessary to transform BM-MSCs into unconventional antigen-presenting cells. These MSCs maintained their ability to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation in an antigen-specific manner, without overtly increasing the immunogenicity of allogeneic MSCs [71] . These encouraging findings pave the way to use activated HLA-haplotype matched allogeneic MSCs as a cellular immune intervention therapy by combining their immunomodulatory properties with their antigen-presenting features.


"At the margins of the floes, where their ragged edges have come into grinding contact, the ice is piled up into ridges. These are the hummocks," writes Jean Malaurie. More than simple knolls, the jutting ice that emerges over time is a metaphor for the process of memory and recollection for Malaurie and in the collective memory of the Inuit. Hummocks, the first English translation of the renowned explorer's memoir of his expeditions to the Canadian Arctic, is an impressionistic evocation of Malaurie's travels among the Inuit. Jean Malaurie's exploration of the North spanned a half-century, with voyages to Greenland, the Arctic, Alaska, and Siberia. Hummocks focuses on his expeditions to Back River, Gjoa Haven, Rankin Inlet, and Kujjuaq in northern Quebec during the early 1950s and 1960s, a time when the North was still relatively isolated and the Inuit way of life was at a crossroads. Hummocks recounts the difficulties of a young anthropologist when access to fluent interpreters and mechanized transportation was a serious obstacle as well as Malaurie's explorations of ideas about Inuit and "hyperborean" civilization, the need for Inuit independence and self-government, and the "Inuitization" of Christian belief. Fascinated, even obsessed, with the North and its people, Malaurie is an explorer of the old school and Hummocks is a dialogue with the great European explorers of the North - Amundsen, members of the Franklin expeditions, Ross, and particularly Rasmussen.


The present invention relates to interactive television process applicable to a system of one or more sender station transmits a program to the receiver. The method comprises: a) receiving the active application (A2) in one of the receivers, usually process receives the application (A3); checking the presence of at least one additional data file in a memory of b) receiver step; c) If the file or of these files do not exist, the process is normally launch the application (A3); if and d) additional data file exists, by using the additional data file improved application (A4) step of activation; is to so to do.


(57) Abstract: a multilayer substrate comprising a plurality of layers made of an insulating material, at least one of the devices with conductive leads or wires, a device consisting of at least one of said layers at least one of wells are formed, the wells extending from an outer surface of the multilayer substrate to the inside surface of the multilayer substrate, a conductive component is formed in the well on the inner surface of said multilayer substrate, said conductive leads or wires apparatus characterized by have a direct physical contact with the extending into the well, the conductive component which is provided on the inner surface of the multilayer substrate. Also, a multilayer substrate comprising a layer comprising a plurality of insulating material, is formed in at least one well is at least one of said layer, said well extends into the inner surface from the outer surface of the multilayer substrate, wherein forming a multilayer substrate having an electrically conductive component disposed in said well on the inner surface of the multilayer substrate, the lead or wire at least one conductive leads or wires extending from the device and inserted into the wells method of manufacturing a device characterized by comprising the steps a, to as to form a direct physical contact with the multilayer substrate disposed on the inner surface conductive component.