INTRODUCTIONIn many ways, the 2015 term of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit with respect to international trade felt like deja vu. The Federal Circuit heard a number of significant cases this year that it addressed in one or more of the past several terms and either came back as an appeal on a related issue or for an en banc hearing.1 Despite these lengthening cases, very few appeals have found success, especially with regard to overturning antidumping orders.As usual, most of the significant cases this year focused on dumping. Some familiar cases returned to the court with arguments over zeroing, which the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) reversed after a negative World Trade Organization (WTO) ruling,2 and three cases on the Byrd Amendment, which Congress repealed following a negative WTO ruling.3 Additionally, the Federal Circuit heard a number of interesting procedural cases this term, including one establishing value calculations in dumping cases involving nonmarket economies,4 the exhaustion of remedies requirement for seeking relief at the Court of International Trade (CIT),5 and the timing of responses to questionnaires.6 Also, several significant cases arose under section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, which permits the International Trade Commission (ITC) to investigate and potentially exclude goods that unfairly or unlawfully infringe upon a patent or copyright.This Article is divided into four parts, each designating a specific category of cases. Part I focuses on the prominent number of antidumping and countervailing duty cases. Part II addresses classification cases, which are much more fact specific than other cases in front of the Federal Circuit. Part III discusses procedural cases, which may also overlap with the antidumping topic. Part IV addresses intellectual property cases under section 337. This Article focuses on the significant precedential cases, while excluding nonprecedential and some narrow precedential cases. The Article briefly concludes by describing the Federal Circuit's pattern of deference to the ITC and Commerce.I. ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY CASESAntidumping duties are fees that the United States imposes on "foreign merchandise . . . sold in the United States at less than its fair value."7 Countervailing duties are placed on goods that benefit from subsidies that foreign governments provide.8 Commerce investigates and determines whether foreign producers have sold or are likely to sell products or goods at less than fair value in the case of dumping or whether the government has provided a subsidy in the case of countervailing.9 The ITC continues the investigation by assessing whether the imported goods are causing or threatening to cause material injury to a domestic industry in the United States.10 "If both inquiries are answered in the affirmative, Commerce issues the relevant antidumping and countervailing duty orders."11The antidumping or countervailing duty investigation process typically begins with a request filed by a domestic party. That initial petition will define the scope of the alleged dumping or subsidy, which will limit the extent of the investigation. Before the investigation begins, Commerce must ensure that the petition was filed on behalf of the relevant domestic industry.12 Numerically, this means that the petition is supported by producers who "account for at least [twenty-five] percent of the total production of the domestic like product."13The first antidumping case of the 2015 term before the Federal Circuit addressed the scope of an antidumping order ("Order") issued against Chinese manufacturers of certain aluminum extrusions.14 An investigation began into these extrusions in 2010 and concluded with an antidumping order issued on May 26, 2011.15 In October 2012, Walters & Wolf, Bagatelos Architectural Glass Systems, Inc., and Architectural Glass and Aluminum Company "submitted an amended scope request to Commerce pursuant to 19 C. …


We describe two clinical cases and examine the effects of piracetam on the brainstem auditory response in infantile female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).


Autonomous navigation of robot for on-road driving has gained growing importance in automobile research area. Image based path tracking is being considered for future driving assistance. Image from a monocular camera directing in front side is used for tracking the drivable road area and road direction. Vanishing Point estimation has been considered very important in case of driver assistance systems to indicate the possible turning direction of road ahead. This paper describes different methods used for vanishing point estimation in a captured image frame. As the road driving is real time operation, timing considerations play a vital role along with the accuracy. With this constraint in mind, an algorithm has been proposed for texture based vanishing point detection.


Having read this paper with interest, it struck me that the authors, three of which are likely to be SASOM members, while the principal author is expressly mentioned so to be, do not make any reference to our own (SASOM) Ethical Guidelines which have been updated over the years to keep up with developments in this field.


We investigate bilateral set-valued stochastic integral equations and these equations combine widening and narrrowing set-valued stochastic integral equations studied in literature. An existence and uniqueness theorem is established using approximate solutions. In addition stability of the solution with respect to small changes of the initial state and coefficients is established, also we provide a result on boundedness of the solution, and an estimate on a distance between the exact solution and the approximate solution is given. Finally some implications for deterministic set-valued integral equations are presented.


LED lighting is widely used nowadays because its advantages in potential energy saving, long lifetime, a variety of colors and adjustable intensity. It is not unusual to experience very vivid color in our daily life, such as in a club, in an exhibition or on a street. Vivid colored LED light have a huge impact to change color appearance of objects and sometime the vivid color light could break a property of color constancy in human vision, sometime people may make a mistake or misunderstanding about an object because the color of the object may change according to the color of the lighting. To investigate the color appearance of objects under vivid LED lights, C. Pipornpong, et al.1) employed twentyfour color chips taken from the Color Checker and measured their color appearance by the elementary color naming method under 10 different colors of illumination. They found that the color constancy rapidly decreased for more vivid color of illumination for all the four colors of illumination, red, yellow, green, and blue. It was pointed out that smaller steps of color difference for changing illumination color was necessary to understand where the color constancy begins to break out. In this report we employ small steps of color change of illumination so that we can get points of breakdown of the color constancy accurately.


For evaluation of the effect of Ahara on Health in relation to Matra, Desha and Kala, an interview based survey study was carried out by simple randomized selection of healthy and unhealthy individuals. It was found that consideraton of Matra, Desha and Kala in aspect of Ahara taking were found beneficial for health.


Purpose: To effect regression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Gat et al. (Andrologia 2008) proposed to occlude incompetent spermatic veins to reduce increased hydrostatic pressure on the prostatic venous plexus and prevent reflux with androgen rich blood from the testicles. Our aim was to implement this treatment strategy in clinical practice and to report about first results. Methods: Embolization of the spermatic veins was performed in 30 patients with BPH. In 16 patients, we obtained follow-up data from at least 6 months. The sonographic transabdominal prostatic volume, prostatespecific antigen (PSA) and peripheral total testosterone levels were determined before and 6 months after the intervention. Subjective symptomatology was assessed using standardized questionnaires (International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] and Quality of Life score [QoL]) before and 6 months after the procedure. Results: The age of all treated patients was 46–77 years. The age of the 16 patients who received follow-up was 51–77 years. IPSS (median 18 [IQR 20.75–14.50] vs. 9 [IQR 11.00–7.25], p < 0.0001) and QoL score (4 [IQR 5–3] vs. 2 [IQR 3–1], p <0.001) were significantly decreased 6 months after the intervention. The subjective improvement of symptoms did not correspond with prostatic volumes, which did not change significantly (54.31 ±30.90 vs. 50.50 ±29.26ml, p =n. s.). 4/16 patients had a measurable post-void urine volume, which decreased in two patients 6 months after the procedure, remained unchanged in one patient, andwas no longer detectable in one patient. 4 of the 11 had a sonographically detectable varicocele before the intervention, and one patient had a trabeculated bladder. Both the peripheral total testosterone levels (4.55 ±1.27 vs. 3.93 ±1.00ng/ ml; p =n. s.) and PSA levels (3.74 ±2.83 vs. 4.06 ±3.34ng/ml; p =n. s.) showed no significant differences. Conclusion: Interventional occlusion of the spermatic veins in patients with BPH is a feasible outpatient procedure with a low complication rate. Intermediate results are satisfactory. Midand long-term results and pathophysiologic mechanisms need to be further elucidated. Key Points: ▶ Venous embolization in patients with BPH is a feasible outpatient procedure. ▶ It shows satisfactory intermediate result with good symptom relief. ▶ Medium and long-term results need to be further evaluated. Citation Format: ▶ Strunk H, Meier M, Schild HH et al. Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Occlusion of the Impaired Urogenital Venous System – First Experience. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2015; 187: 180–186


GENERAL EDUCATIONAL METHOD, HISTORY, THEORY, AND PRACTICE Americanization in Delaware. Newark, Delaware: Service Citizens of Delaware, 1920. Pp. 87. Arithmetic Survey in the Public Schools of Newark, New Jersey. Newark: Board of Education, 1920. Pp. 30. DRUMMOND, MARGARET. Five Years Old or Thereabouts. New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1920. Pp. ix+i8o. $i.8o. FARNSWORTH, C. H. How to Study Music. New York: Macmillan Co., 1920. Pp. xiii+ 294. HASLUCK, EUGENE LEwIs. The Teaching of History. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1920. Pp. 121. THOMPSON, FRANK V. Schooling the Immigrant. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1920. Pp. 4o8. $2. 00.


County records for mammals in the Permian Basin are reported based on fieldwork and museum surveys. Twenty-six records representing 20 species are reported from Crane, Ector, Loving, Ward and Winkler counties.


Quantum-chromodynamics sum rules are constructed for describing the spectrum of hadronic matter at finite temperatures. Analysis of these sum rules in the rho-meson channel indicates a first-order phase transition accompanied by the disappearance of confinement at a temperature T/sub c/approx. =140 MeV. The dynamic mass of the emitted quarks is found for temperatures near T/sub c/. A phase transition accompanied by a restoration of chiral symmetry cannot occur before deconfinement.


The Polarization-Based Collimated Beam Combiner efficiently produces pairwise interference between beams from multiple telescopes. An important feature is achieving "Photometric Symmetry" whereby interference measurements have no first-order sensitivity to wavefront perturbations (or photometric variations following spatial filtering) which otherwise entail visibility measurements with increased error, bias, and nonlinearity in phase determination. Among other proposed applications, this topology has been chosen as the basis for the design of the NOVA Fringe Tracker (NFT), a proposed 4 or 6 telescope second-generation fringe tracker for the VLTI. The NFT takes advantage of the photometric symmetry thus achieved making it capable of tracking on stars resolved beyond the first visibility null, as well as interfering a telescope beam with one which is 20 times brighter, a design goal set by ESO. By not requiring OPD modulation for interferometric detection, the detector exposure time can be increased without performance reduction due to time skew nor is sensitivity reduced by removing optical power for photometric monitoring, and use of two-phase interferometric detection saves one half of the photons being diverted for detection of the other two (mainly) unused quadrature phases. The topology is also proposed for visibility measuring interferometers with configurations proposed for the achievement of balanced quadrature or 3-phase interferometric detection. A laboratory demonstration confirms >>100:1 rejection of photometric crosstalk in a fringe tracking configuration where atmospheric OPD fluctuations were simulated using a hair dryer. Tracking with a 30:1 intensity ratio between the incoming beams was performed while rejecting large introduced photometric fluctuations.


Richard Klipin says the coming year - the Year of the Dragon - will live up to its billing provided FoFA implementation is handled sensibly.


We present the results of a comparative analysis of optical immersion clearing of skin in laboratory animals in vivo with and without preliminary ablation of epidermis. Laser ablation is implemented using a setup based on a pulsed erbium laser (λ = 2940 nm). The size of the damaged region amounted to 6 × 6 mm, the depth being smaller than 50 μm. As an optical clearing agent (OCA), use is made of polyethylene glycol (PEG-300). Based on optical coherence tomography, we use the single scattering model to estimate the scattering coefficient in the process of optical clearing in 2 regions at depths of 50−170 μm and 150−400 μm. The results show that skin surface ablation leads to the local oedema of the affected region that increases the scattering coefficient. However, the intense evaporation of water from the ablation zone facilitates the optical clearing at the expense of tissue dehydration, particularly in the upper layers. The assessment of the optical clearing efficiency shows that the efficiency exceeding 30% can be achieved at a depth from 50 to 170 μm in 120 min after ablation, as well as after the same ablation with subsequent application of PEG-300, which increases the efficiency of the immersion method by almost 1.8 times. At a depth from 150 to 400 μm, dehydration of upper layers cannot completely compensate for an increase in light scattering by dermis after epidermis ablation. The additional effect of OCA enhances the optical clearing of skin at the expense of improving the refractive index matching between dermis components, but the maximal efficiency of optical clearing in 120 min does not exceed 6%.


The Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing commissioned Siggins Miller Consultants, together with the Centre for Primary Health Care, University of Queensland and the
 Queensland Alcohol and Drug Research and Education Centre (QADREC), University of Queensland to identify current practice in the management of clients with comorbid mental health and substance use
 disorders in tertiary care settings. The major components of the consultancy were the conduct of a comprehensive review and critical analysis of the international and national literature to
 identify best practice in the management and care of clients with comorbid mental health and substance use disorders in tertiary care settings, and a scoping exercise of current practice in
 Australia.


Biutiful (Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu, 2010) proposes a dark aesthetics of deformation, of the weird and the strange in the construction of the characters, the images and the story about protagonist Uxbal and the Chinese and African immigrants in Barcelona, that contrast with a radiant and improbable Barcelona in Vicky Cristina Barcelona (Woody Allen, 2008). This article analyzes these and other movies as symptomatic of the massive identitarian uncertainties and precariousness of integrated global capitalism (Guattari).


We present results on the existence of globally defined strong generalized solutions for initial boundary value problem which describes motion of a binary chemically reacting mixture of compressible viscous fluids.


In this note, linear (2,2)-systems of hyperbolic equations are considered. The explicit solution of the homogeneous case of the characteristical initial value problem is explained by means of the one-dimensional Laplace transform.


AATCC test method standard system has great influence on many countries' export of textiles. The regular textile testing items of AATCC Manual 2003 and 2004 have been compared, and some new developments have been pointed out.


Histone deacetylase 2 (HD2) proteins play an important role in the regulation of gene expression. This helps with the growth and development of plants and also plays a crucial role in responses to biotic and abiotic stress es. HD2s comprise a C 2 H 2 -type Zn 2+ fi nger at their C-terminal and an HD2 label, deacetylation and phosphorylation sites, and NLS motifs at their N-terminal. In this study, a total of 27 HD2 members were identi fi ed, using Hidden Markov model pro fi les, in two diploid cotton genomes ( Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium arboretum ) and two tetraploid cotton genomes ( Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense ). These cotton HD2 members were classi fi ed into 10 major phylogenetic groups (I-X), of which group III was found to be the largest with 13 cotton HD2 members. An evolutionary investigation showed that the expansion of HD2 members primarily occurred as a result of segmental duplication in paralogous gene pairs. Further qRT-PCR validation of nine putative genes using RNA-Seq data suggested that GhHDT3D.2 exhibits signi fi cantly higher levels of expression at 12h, 24h, 48h, and 72h of exposure to both drought and salt stress conditions compared to a control measure at 0h. Furthermore, gene ontology, pathways, and co-expression network study of GhHDT3D.2 gene af fi rmed their signi fi cance in drought and salt stress responses


Games of skill are an excellent source of recreation, entertainment and relaxation. However when these games are played with real money, the important facet of responsible game play must be addressed rigorously and efficiently by game providers. Ensuring game prudence, whereby users play real-money skill games only for entertainment purposes, and do so well within their resourceful means, necessary for the wellness of players, and also for the sustained engagement and retention of players in the system. To this end, in this work we present a deep learning model that helps identify players who are on the verge of displaying irresponsible or addictive game play in a fully unsupervised manner. We use a combination of long short-term memory and adversarial auto-encoder networks to analyze game play along three tell-tale dimensions of immoderation, namely, money, time and despair. Our model provides a state of the art solution for identifying a precise set of problem gamers in skill-based cash games well ahead of time, effectively addressing the challenges of (i) extreme class imbalance, (ii) sparse and incomplete ground truth, (iii) overlapping behavioral patterns between risky and non-risky but highly engaged players.


A variant of the best-path (BP) algorithm that can be used for deducing a posteriori symbol probabilities for input sequences of unlimited length is proposed. Decoders using the proposed algorithm have fixed memory requirements and fixed decoding delays regardless of the length of the transmitted sequence. This is made possible by utilizing the Viterbi algorithm's ability to self-initialize itself and by segmenting the decoding process.


Morphometric cytology is the study which quantifies dimensions of cells and tissues through the observations of two-dimensional sections. Useful parameters such as volumes, surface areas, numbers of particles, etc. can be determined from sections of plant materials. This paper introduces botanists to the basic concepts of morphometry as well as demonstrates their application. A section is included which outlines some of the pitfalls encountered in non-random sampling of micrographs, artifacts due to shrinkage, section thickness, and specimen contrast. This article is designed to be a teaching tool which hopefully will stimulate botanists to apply these techniques in the future. DURING THE LAST FEW DECADES a significant amount of biochemical data on plant metabolism has been published. By their nature, these data are numerical and yield information on quantities of reactants and products as well as rates of reactions. In contrast to this, most cytological, ultrastructural, and cytochemical studies on plant cells have been largely qualitative. The quantification of cell structure using the techniques of morphometry yields results which can be related in a more meaningful way to biochemical data. For nearly 20 years (Elias, Henning and Schwartz, 1971; Weibel, Kistler and Scherle, 1966) zoologists have been applying stereological techniques of morphometric cytology to ultrastructural cytology. Such studies have yielded information on the absolute sizes and shapes of cells and organelles and on their rates of change in number, volume, and surface area during development. These studies have described the structural characteristics of cells and organelles and in conjunction with biochemical data, have established many of their associated functional roles in physiology (Loud, 1968). "Concepts" such as membrane efficiency can be determined knowing the pro1 Received for publication 7 July 1981; revision accepted 10 August 1981. The author wishes to thank Drs. Lida K. Barrett and Laszlo Hanzely for critically reviewing the manuscript; Drs. L. K. Barrett, Brenda Eisenberg, and Jerrold Zar for advice concerning various theoretical aspects of morphometry and statistics; Mark McLean and Deborah Toth for editorial assistance; Jane Glaser and Andrea White for technical assistance. duction of an organ, its volume, the number of cells within it, and the surface area of cell organelles. All of these quantities, except the first, can be obtained from random micrographs (both light and electron) using nothing more complicated than a clear sheet of lined acetate and a pocket calculator. For example, in Leydig cells of the rat, 1.0 gm2 of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and 0.3 gm2 of mitochondrial inner membrane on the average produce testosterone at a rate of one molecule/sec (Mori and Christensen, 1980). In general, botanical research has lagged far behind zoology in its application of morphometry to cytology. Few botanical papers have included morphometric techniques. The exceptions to this being some studies involving shoot apices (see Mauseth, 1980, 1981a, b, 1982a, b; Orr, 1981 for bibliographies) and cotyledon development (Briarty 1980a, b). This paper is an attempt to introduce botanists to stereological techniques of morphometric cytology. I will attempt to define the basic principles, and give examples of their application. These techniques can be applied to any structure which can be viewed in two dimensions (sectioned). HISTORY, DEFINITIONS, AND PRINCIPLESStereology is a new term coined in 1961 by the charter members of the International Society for Stereology (Elias et al., 1971). It is the threedimensional interpretation of two-dimensional (flat) images such as sections or projections. Stereology yields three-dimensional information from two-dimensional data, or two-di-


In this study, a infectious cDNA clone of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain HuN4 was generated by cloning of the 6 overlapped RT-PCR fragments into pBlueScript Ⅱ SK(+), designated pHuN4. In addition, sp6 promoter at 5'-terminus and a NotⅠsite in Poly(A) tail at 3'-terminus were introduced into the cDNA of PRRSV for viral RNA transcription in vitro and the pHuN4 linearization, respectively. Furthmore, the A at 14,680 nt was replaced by G (silent mutation) to generate restriction enzyme MluⅠsite as molecular marker for identification of rescued virus. The pHuN4 was linearized and transcribed in vitro, the transcripts were transfected primarily into BHK cells and then Marc145 cells, the virus was successfully rescued from Marc145 cells identified by indirect immofluorescent assay and MluⅠdigestion. The rescued virus showed similar growth curve to its parental virus HuN4 strain. All the piglets infected with the fifth passage of the rescued virus developed clinical signs at 3 day-past-infection and died within 20 days. The results showed that the rescued virus remained similar biological characterizations as its parental virus. The pHuN4 developed in the study by reverse genetic system might provide a platform for further study on pathogenesis mechanism of highly pathogenic PRRSV.


Background In this paper, two studies are described which are part of a research project aiming to identify the factors affecting members' intentions to cancel or switch their membership at a health and fitness club. Membership fees form the primary source of income for most clubs making retention rates a measure of a club's organisational effectiveness. Subsequently, retaining members is of high priority. Designing strategies to improve retention rates and change a club's culture from being acquisition-focused to being retention-focused falls under the rubric of organisational development. The need for such development has created demand for research into membership retention, a demand which has not been sufficiently met. Retention research to date has indicated that the current retention strategies typically include those of a 'lower level' (Hurley, 2004; Campbell, Nicholson and Kitchen 2006; Berry and Parasuraman (1991), which consist merely of financial incentives and 'tie-ins'. This basic strategy is thought to result in members developing 'continuance commitment'; based on cost-benefit evaluation, as opposed to 'affective commitment'; based on emotional attachment (see Morgan and Hunt, 1994) the latter considered as a more resilient, less imitable retainer. Whilst technology-based packages have been developed to allow member activity to be measured, there has been little development of strategies which increase affective commitment. Therefore, the antecedents to affective commitment need to be identified. Based upon existing retention literature, factors including satisfaction (Bodet, 2006) service quality (Murray and Howat, 2002; Lagrosen and Lagrosen, 2007), commitment (Iwasaki and Havitz, 2004), involvement (Kyle and Mowen, 2005) and identification (Bhattacharya and Sen, 2003) are all considered to be predictive of member behaviour.


Hepatitis B virus infection is the most common cause of liver disease worldwide, Sudan is classified among the countries with high hepatitis B virus seroprevalence, this study was carried out to determine seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus among blood donors in Khartoum (Sudan) , a total of ninety blood donors' males who attending Omdurman Teaching Hospital blood bank during the period from November to December 2014, were enrolled in this study, their age range from 18 to 60 years with mean {27{, the aim of this study was to detect seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen, serum specimens were collected from blood donors, and analyzed by Enzyme linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) technique, the result showed that( 9/90, 10%) were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, high frequency of hepatitis B surface antigen was observed among 40 – 60 years age groups and among whom had history of previous dental operation. Large-scale studies in different settings and studies are


Programs usually follow many implicit programming rules or patterns, violations of which frequently lead to failures. This thesis proposes a novel approach to statically mine object usage models representing such patterns for objects used in a program. Additionally, we will describe how object usage models can be used to automatically detect defects, increase program understanding and support programmers by providing code templates. In preliminary experiments the proposed method detected two previously unknown bugs in open source software.


The transfer reactions of various anionic hexavalent chromium species across a polarized water/polyvinylchloride-2-nitrophenyloctylether (PVC-NPOE) interface featuring a 66 microhole array are described for the development of selective and sensitive Cr(VI) sensors. The transfer of hydrophilic hexachromic anions across a liquid/liquid interface typically involves setting the potential window in a negative region. Therefore, a highly hydrophobic tetraoctylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate (TOATB) salt was synthesized and incorporated into the PVC-NPOE gel phase as an organic supporting electrolyte to provide a larger potential window at the negative end. The transfer of different hexachromic anions across the microhole array interface between the aqueous and PVC-NPOE gel phase containing TOATB was first characterized by voltammetric measurements. Since Cr(VI) ion species can hold different anionic forms such as Cr2O72−, HCrO4−, and CrO42− depending upon the pH and the Cr(VI) concentration, the effect of these two parameters on the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) responses was also investigated. In order to utilize the ion transfer reaction across the microhole array interface for the selective and sensitive detection of Cr(VI) ions, the assisted transfer of HCrO4− anion by an Aliquat 336 ionophore incorporated into the PVC-NPOE gel phase was investigated using CV and differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV). An excellent detection limit of 0.5 M (26 ppb) with a wide linear dynamic range extending from 0.5 M to 10 M


This final volume of 2004 has a number of fine articles and reviews that pose important questions about qualitative research and qualitative social work. One such issue is that of the institutional and organizational context in which the research and practice is conducted. Whether that context is in the UK, Canada, the USA, Australia,New Zealand or elsewhere, the context has enormous implications for the conduct of qualitative social work. The article by Alys Young, Helen Tattersall, Wendy McCracken and John Bamford, 'The Impact of Universal Newborn Hearing Screening: Education Perceiving the Role of Social Services', raises important questions about the implementation of a government policy that mandates multi-agency, multi-professional cooperation between social workers and teachers of the deaf in providing service to deaf children and their families. Specifically the article looks at the implementation of the universal newborn hearing screening programme in England. The study utilizes qualitative interviews to study how teachers of the deaf perceive social workers, the social work role and social work practice. The researchers found that many of these teachers had negative perceptions about social work/social service and that such perceptions had implications for cooperation. The authors note that poor coordination between the social services, particularly when specialist deaf child social workers were not available on site, also hindered the potential effectiveness of this potentially important policy change. The research underscores the kinds of difficulties that confront policy change aimed at facilitating effective collaboration and service reform. Continuing with the theme of the impact of organizational context and the importance of cooperation between various social agencies, Jenny Owen and Jo Cooke examine the issue of research capacity in social care settings in the UK. The article titled 'Developing Research Capacity and Collaboration in Primary Care and Social Care: Is There Enough Common Ground?' focuses on the barriers and potential strengths that will influence the push to increase both the involvement in and the level of research productivity in these settings. EDITORIAL


Provided are a power information interaction method and device, which relate to the field of communications, and can interact with the actual power of devices, thereby effectively reducing the network power consumption and improving the network energy efficiency performance. The method comprises: a first device respectively sends a power information request message to each of the second devices, wherein the second device is a device that accesses the first device, and the power information request message is used for instructing each of the second devices to measure the actual power thereof; and the first device receives a power information reply message sent by each of the second devices, wherein the power information reply message carries the actual power of the second device that sends the power information reply message, and the power information request message carries type information about the actual power and format information about the actual power.


Resin matrix composites reinforced by glass fibers and carbon fibers (FRPs) are used extensively for many industrial applications, such as construction materials, automobiles, ships and sporting goods, because of their high strength, ease of molding, light weight, durability, and resistance to corrosion, shock and abrasion. However, despite its many superior properties, it is difficult to resource and recycle FRP after its disposition. In this report, the recycling technology of FRP that has been developed is introduced as well as an outline of new recycling technology of FRP developed by the authors. FRP fine powders are made from waste FTP moldings using a fine powder crusher. The average grain size of these fine powders is 15-20 μm. FRP fine powder was examined as a possible additive to paints and it was found that it increased the tensile strength of the paints. FRP can also be recycled as filler for FRP resin. FRPs were also examined for possible civil and construction materials and they were found t...


This letter reports on the induced mechanical transients for piezoelectric-based, state-switching approaches utilizing both experimental tests and a numerical model that more accurately captures the dynamics associated with a switch between stiffness states. Currently, switching models instantaneously dissipate the stored piezoelectric voltage, resulting in a discrete change in effective stiffness states and a discontinuity in the system dynamics during the switching event. The proposed model allows for a rapid but continuous voltage dissipation and the corresponding variation between stiffness states, as one sees in physical implementations. This rapid variation in system stiffness when switching at a point of non-zero strain leads to high-frequency, large-amplitude transients in the system acceleration response. Utilizing a fundamental piezoelectric bimorph, a comparison between the numerical and experimental results reveals that these mechanical transients are much stronger than originally anticipated and masked by measurement hardware limitations, thus highlighting the significance of an appropriate system model governing the switch dynamics. Such a model enables designers to analyze systems that incorporate piezoelectric-based state switching with greater accuracy to ensure that these transients do not degrade the intended performance. Finally, if the switching does create unacceptable transients, controlling the duration of voltage dissipation enables control over the frequency content and peak amplitudes associated with the switch-induced acceleration transients.This letter reports on the induced mechanical transients for piezoelectric-based, state-switching approaches utilizing both experimental tests and a numerical model that more accurately captures the dynamics associated with a switch between stiffness states. Currently, switching models instantaneously dissipate the stored piezoelectric voltage, resulting in a discrete change in effective stiffness states and a discontinuity in the system dynamics during the switching event. The proposed model allows for a rapid but continuous voltage dissipation and the corresponding variation between stiffness states, as one sees in physical implementations. This rapid variation in system stiffness when switching at a point of non-zero strain leads to high-frequency, large-amplitude transients in the system acceleration response. Utilizing a fundamental piezoelectric bimorph, a comparison between the numerical and experimental results reveals that these mechanical transients are much stronger than originally anticipated ...


The purpose of this paper is to highlight what it means to be a teacher in a higher education context, with some emphasis on South Africa. The teaching component was examined from several aspects. The approach taken is that of a provocative essay rather than of a formal academic paper. It is argued that many academics should see themselves as both teachers and researchers, and it is shown what it means to be a teacher in a higher educational context today. The paper aims to contribute to the field of IS research by sensitising academics to possible different approaches to teaching.


698 Background: Paclitaxel is one of effective agents for breast cancer treatment. The weekly schedule of paclitaxel is a common regimen around the world. Oral 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) is an intermediate metabolite of Capecitabine. Thymidine phosphorylase (dThdPase) is an essential enzyme for the activation of the cytostatics 5'-DFUR / Capecitabine to 5-fluorouracil in tumors. Paclitaxel reportedly increased dThdPase levels in tumors in vivo study. To assess the dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and anti-tumor activity of paclitaxel in combination with 5'-DFUR in patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer.

METHODS
Eligible patients had measurable and/or evaluable metastatic lesions and were aged 20-75 years with a WHO performance status of 0-1. Those who had taken paclitaxel before and had peripheral neuropathy were excluded. Dose escalation schema was shown below. The main toxicities (NCI-CTC version 2) in the dose-escalation step were as follows: Grade (G) 4 neutropenia (for 4 days), febrile neutropenia, G 4 thrombocytopenia and G 3 nonhematological toxicity without nausea and vomiting were considered to be dose limiting.

RESULTS
Fifteen patients with a median age of 56 years (range 43-69) were included. Anti-tumor activity was assessed in total 15 patients, as 2 CR, 5 PR, 2 NC, 4 PD and 2 NE (response rate; 46.7%). At Level 1, one of six patients had DLT (febrile neutropenia). However, six patients did not reach DLT at Level 2 and 3. Then two patients had DLT at Level4, so it was regarded as MTD.

CONCLUSIONS
Weekly paclitaxel in combination with 5'-DFUR did not increase hematological and nonhematological toxicity. Level 4 (paclitaxel 100 mg/m2 and 5'-DFUR 1,200 mg/body) was MTD. We decided that the recommended dose is Level 3 (paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 and 5'-DFUR 1200 mg/body). No significant financial relationships to disclose.


South Africa World Cup is fully demonstrated the core values of European civilization to bring the world of professional football football faith,football concepts and ideas.In this World Cup,"the European element" is everywhere,from the 32 countries participating players,coaches to the final ranking in the game,from the overall trend of technical and tactical game to the best team in the selection,there are many European leagues,the European Professional Football club mark.European football has long been a strong destroyed the balance of power in South America and Europe to compete in Europe and Latin football football has lost a clear boundary,the technical advantages of Latin football breathe football in Europe under the yoke of colonialism is not a past glory,the World Cup in South Africa form and substance have become a real European Cup.


This paper to prove whether the story of Adam and Eve fell from heaven in the text of the Koran and the Bible are "the  gender Refraction " or not, that is the study in this paper. To prove that  there are    jender refraction  or not in  this text  the author describe similarities and differences in the story, and then analyzed through comparative analysis, in order to prove the presence and absence of Muslim feminist assumptions about unclear gender  of the story in the Bible. From the comparative analysis of the two texts not found  gender refraction  that is the women  as the cause of  falling  of Adam and Eve from paradise. In the Qur'an mentioned the cause is Satan while in the Bible is a snake, even though the Bible contains many stories israili cargo that is not credible.


In order to improve the user's experience in using mobile applications, a layered context-aware agent for mobile applications was proposed based on user's needs hierarchy. In the proposed model, the layers were employed to distinguish different types of needs in the hierarchy and the priority of different layers was used to determine the time for showing the recommendation information. At first, the agent framework was proposed. And then, based on the proposed framework, the layered context-aware agent was developed based on the Maslow's theory. At last, an experiment was conducted on the comparison between two methods of the random model and the proposed layered model for sending recommendation messages. And the result verified that the proposed agent was effective.


To begin with the most obvious fact: the study of Codex Sinaiticus has entered a new era. Gone are the days of having to rely on someone else's judgment regarding this or that reading of the important fourth century codex. No longer do we have to see through a glass dimly, since we can now behold Codex Sinaiticus face to face, thanks to the prodigious efforts of all the partners and participants in the Codex Sinaiticus Project. Biblical scholarship stands forever in your debt. Whether one wants to study this codex as an artifact, a manuscript, or a text (rather, a series of texts)—thanks to you, the data is now but a few keystrokes away. While, as a Septuagint scholar, I wholeheartedly affirm the great importance of Codex Sinaiticus, the history of my discipline nevertheless issues an important caveat: Let us not, with the advent of Codex Sinaiticus on line, return to the era of the so-called Great Uncials, notably Codex Vaticanus, Codex Alexandrinus, and Codex Sinaiticus. During the reign of 'the Great Uncials', it was effectively these three codices that decided the text of the Old Greek text, also known as 'the Septuagint'. Moreover, while Codex Sinaiticus may be the oldest surviving copy of the Christian Bible,1 for a Septuagint scholar it can be no more (or less) than a manuscript, dated to the fourth century C.E., of a Jewish translation from Hebrew (or Aramaic), which originated some half a dozen centuries earlier and which became, in time, the Christian Old Testament. My focus today is but a limited one and my findings are perforce preliminary. The subject of my paper is the Book of Psalms and my chief interest lies in Codex Sinaiticus as a witness to the Old Greek text of Psalms; in other words, the text as produced in distinction from the text as received. As a result, when I speak of Codex Sinaiticus, or MS S, I have in mind, unless noted otherwise, the Book of Psalms. My central question: How faithful a witness is Codex Sinaiticus to the original Greek text of Psalms?


In order to improve the prediction ability of the statistical model of the subway surface deformation, the equal-dimensional innovation grey system theory model and Kalman filter model are used to predict the surface deformation of the subway. The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) algorithm is used to assimilate the two groups of prediction data to improve the accuracy of the prediction data. The absolute difference and the root mean square error between the EnKF assimilation prediction data, the Kalman filter prediction data, and the equal-dimensional and innovation grey model prediction data and the measured data are compared and analysed. The results show that the accuracy of EnKF assimilation prediction data is greatly improved compared with the prediction data of grey system theory model and Kalman filter model, and the short-term prediction effect is better.


In a developing country like India we can observe cold mix technology is lagging behind in both research and application fields. It is our primary motivation underlying selection of cold mix technology as the present research area. Though, it has economical and environmental advantages over the hot mixes. But upto now there is no universally adopted cold mix design method.Due to this deformity in the laboratory cold mix design procedures followed by different organization/researchers/agencies. So it is difficult to form reliable correlation and to have a comparative study between experimental results reported by them. So the objective of this project work is aimed to select important mix parameters and determine their effect on cold mix asphalt. The mix parameters selected for the present work are (i) method of compaction, (ii) level of compaction, (iii) additives and (iv) aggregate gradation. The first three parameters are selected for their importance as presented in a number of previous research works. And the last one has been selected nowhere in literature much attention has been paid to the aggregate gradation which is very important of the compacted mix. All the mix parameters have been selected to assess the effect on Marshall properties of CMA mixture.First a suitable experimental methodological work has been prepared and then the effects of selected mix parameters on performance of compacted mix are studied. And a comparative study for the above results has been done on the basis of Marshall stability and air void content of the cold mix. By studying all the selected mix parameters, it is observed that in case of gyratory compaction the air void range 3-5% could be achieved. All mix parameters has contributed to increase the Marshall Stability of cold mixes butcement and developed gradations has also shown more significant increase in stability of cold mixes. Keywords---CMA, Marshall Stability, Cold Mix, Gyratory Compaction, Hot Mixes.


The cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrode process of Er(Ⅲ) and Co(Ⅱ) reduced on Pt cathode in molten urea NaBr system at 373 K.The intermetallic compounds of Er Co forms at first and then the metallic Er deposits in sequence by electroreduction.The electrode process of Er(Ⅲ) and Co(Ⅱ) codeposited on Cu electrode in the molten urea NaBr CoCl 2 ErCl 3 system has been studied.


Abstract The effect of precipitation on the properties of a one-dimensional non-entraining cumulus is studied by numerically integrating the equation of motion and the equation of conservation of water substance. The initial state is taken to be the steady-state solution of the equations in the absence of precipitation. Two models of precipitation development are considered. In the first model, the cloud water is considered to change into rainwater at a prescribed rate, whenever the cloud water content exceeds a given critical value. The raindrops are assumed to have an exponential size distribution and to grow by coalescing with the cloud drops. In the second model, all the cloud water is considered to change, at a given instant, into raindrops of a given fall speed. The main conclusions are: 1) a downdraft develops in the lower levels, 2) the cloud grows vertically consequent upon the development of precipitation, and 3) the updraft and water content execute coupled oscillations.


Mechanical power output can be used to quantify performance in order to plan and execute appropriate training programs. To measure mechanical power output during running, the dependent ground reaction forces, among others, should be recorded. Existing wearable devices for determining mechanical power during running do not measure these forces. Instead, they estimate them, for example, based on information from the GPS, inertial sensors, or other kinematic data (Cerezuela-Espejo et al., 2020). With the overall goal of determining mechanical power during running based on kinetic data, we performed long-duration measurements as a first step (Krumm, Koska, Wakode, Odenwald, & Maiwald, 2022). These measurements allow us to estimate vertical ground reaction forces based on plantar pressure. In this paper, we present the regression model developed for this purpose.


SummaryPre-harvest sprays of ethephon loosened clusters and berries of the four grape cvs Riesling, Trebbiano, Ondenc and Sultana, and resulted in more complete fruit recovery by shaking compared with controls. Ethephon's effects were influenced by concentration, time of treatment, cultivar differences and seasonal conditions. Concentrations of 1 000 ppm or above were more effective than lower concentrations in reducing the pull force required to detach the cluster in five to seven days. Cv Sultana gave the highest fruit recovery in the first season and was the only cultivar which responded to ethephon in both seasons, although the response was less in the second season. On a weight basis ethephon at 2 000 ppm removed 94%, 79%, 85% and 70% of the clusters of cvs Sultana, Riesling, Trebbiano and Ondenc respectively. Some defoliation was observed at 500 ppm ethephon and above, increasing with greater concentration over the first 10-14 days but with no later effects. No canes were killed or disbudded but nat...


Proteins need to selectively interact with specific targets among a multitude of similar molecules in the cell. But despite a firm physical understanding of binding interactions, we lack a general theory of how proteins evolve high specificity. Here, we present such a model that combines chemistry, mechanics and genetics, and explains how their interplay governs the evolution of specific protein-ligand interactions. The model shows that there are many routes to achieving molecular discrimination – by varying degrees of flexibility and shape/chemistry complementarity – but the key ingredient is precision. Harder discrimination tasks require more collective and precise coaction of structure, forces and movements. Proteins can achieve this through correlated mutations extending far from a binding site, which fine-tune the localized interaction with the ligand. Thus, the solution of more complicated tasks is enabled by increasing the protein size, and proteins become more evolvable and robust when they are larger than the bare minimum required for discrimination. The model makes testable, specific predictions about the role of flexibility and shape mismatch in discrimination, and how evolution can independently tune affinity and specificity. Thus, the proposed theory of specific binding addresses the natural question of "why are proteins so big?". A possible answer is that molecular discrimination is often a hard task best performed by adding more layers to the protein.


Using a modified Radziszewski reaction, a procedure has been optimized for the generation of tri- and tetrasubstituted imidazoles via microreactor technology. Optimization included the search for a suitable solvent mixture, temperature and reaction time. Finally, the generality of the optimized reaction was tested using different starting materials. It was possible to create a variety of tri- and tetrasubstituted imidazoles in moderate to good yields via a continuous procedure.


Objective:To investigate the clinical application of LigaSure vessel sealing system(LVSS) combined with crushing clamp method in hepatolobectomy. Methods:The hepatic artery and vein and less than level 3 branch of portal vein were treated with LVSS and crushing clamp method,the branches of left hepatic vein and middle hepatic vein were treated with 5-0 Proline line ligature combined with LVSS. Results:The time of operation was 127- 230 min,the volume of bleeding was 150- 500 ml,and the average time of hospitalization stay was 8 to 14 days. No intra-abdominal hemorrhage,bile leakage and death after operation were found.Conclusions:LVSS combined with crushing clamp method in hepatolobectomy was a safe and reliable means.


The purpose of this paper is to explore the training developed in the administrative staffworking in Groceries DeCandido C.A., located in the La Lake Maracaibo, Zulia state,during the period 2010 - 2011; following the theoretical construct of Grados (2009), Blake(2008), Hurtado (2012), among others. It is a descriptive research, with a design mixedsource, since the product information from interviews with key informants and relatedmanagement company analyzed documents; Retrospective evolution, corresponds to aperiod of the past; unieventual, the event described is training. The results show: 1) Thereis an organizational unit responsible for the decision making staff training: Department ofHuman Capital; while running in each market, it is up to the Administrative AssistantManager. 2) induction, is a key for entry and promotion of staff action. 3) Most trainingactivities were conducted in cognitive skills on the job profile: occupational safety,administrative programs, tax updates and legal regulations, product detected to perform aunit specific and impersonal work needs. We conclude that there has been progress intraining management addressed to administrative staff; however, some weaknesses inworkers' participation in decisions (plans) on training.


A new stereophotographic technique for analyzing the three dimensional structure of fish schools.- Computer tools for the analysis of schooling.- Facultative schooling behavior in the spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius): possible costs and benefits.- Effects of alarm substance on schooling in the common shiner (Notropis cornutus, Cyprinidae).- Attraction of zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio, to isolated and partially purified chromatographic fractions.- Reduction of competition between bisexual and unisexual females of Poecilia in northeastern Mexico.- Synchronized maturation and breeding in natural populations of Xiphophorus variatus (Poeciliidae).- Maintenance of female mimicry as a reproductive strategy in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus).- Patterns of parental investment, dispersal and size among coral-reef fishes.- The reproductive behaviour of Aequidens vittatus (Pisces, Cichlidae) in Surinam, South America.- Reproductive tactics of the Asian cichlids of the genus Etroplus in Sri Lanka.- Habitat segregation in a salt marsh among adult sticklebacks (Gasterosteidae).- Factors affecting fish diversity on a temperate reef.- Abstracts.


Muddy clay from the soft ground of Huaihe River′s levees for a flood channel to sea was retrieved andremolded to investigate the mechanism of stability of levees on soft ground after the end of construction andduring rapid drawdown of water level,respectively,by centrifugal model tests. The safety factor against slidingwas analyzed on the basis of slope surface displacement development while the location of slip was determinedfrom the vector diagram of displacement on slope cross-section. It is observed from the overloading tests,by accelerating models over the predetermined g-level,that the sliding surface of the levee on soft foundation is deepseated one,which passes through the soft ground,after the completion of construction,whereas there is a failuresurface,which passes through the toe of the slope but occurred earlier than the deep seated one,during rapid drawdown of water level. These test results show that the stability of the levee on soft ground is mainly governedby the bearing capacity of the soft soil layer and be influenced,to a certain degree,by action due to rapiddrawdown of water level. Suggestion on more realistically modeling for stability behavior of levee on natural softground is also proposed on the basis of similitude consideration of inherent structure of in-situ clay.


We have examined the electrical transport properties of densified LaOBiS2−xSex, which constitutes a new family of thermoelectric materials. The power factor increases with increasing concentration of Se, i.e., Se substitution leads to an enhanced electrical conductivity, without suppression of the Seebeck coefficient. Hall measurements reveal that the carrier mobility increases with decreasing carrier concentration as Se doping, which is responsible for the low electrical resistivity and large absolute values of the Seebeck coefficient in the system.


Tests are performed,measuring load-deformation curves in a fiber reinforced composite laminations subjected to transverse static load.Using 9-nodes shell element and 3-D Tsai-Wu failure criterion and the method of local stiffness depression for damage lamina,the indentation damage of composite laminations is calculated in according to the displacement value of load-deformation curve obtained,and the actual damage shape and size of the laminate are obtained by means of Ultrapact II C-scan device.The results of damage simulation are coincided with the test ones after comparison.


Kala azar is a chronic parasitic infection which usually presents with fever, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. Here is a case of a 9-month-old girl who presented with history of repeated blood transfusions for 3 months and later with fever and splenomegaly. Complete blood count showed bicytopenia with significant dysplasia seen in marrow aspiration smears. Secondary causes of dysplasia such as vitamin deficiency, drugs and toxins, and viral infections were ruled out and the patient was advised cytogenetic study to rule out refractory cytopenia of childhood. Subsequently, RK39 antigen result came out to be positive, and on reexamination, the slides showed few amastigote forms of Leishmania donovani. Hence, a diagnosis of Leishmaniasis with secondary dysplasia was made. Some cases may have the classic clinical features of LD infection although it has been emphasized here that myelodysplasia is a relatively uncommon presentation of LD infection. Hence, serological tests for Leishmania should be carried out along with a careful search for the parasite in all smears to avoid a grave diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome.


Two types of amplification of solitons during the interactions for a nonautonomous nonlinear Schrödinger model with the time- and space-dependent dispersion, nonlinearity, and external potentials have been investigated with the similarity transformations and Hirota bilinear method. Type 1 refers to the generation of the large central amplitudes with small wings for two collisional solitons, and Type 2 refers to the generation of the amplified peaks for the bound solitons. Both amplifications in our study could be applied to generate the solitons with large maximum amplitudes in such systems as those with the soliton managed by the Feshbach resonance in Bose-Einstein condensates and with the dispersion-managed soliton in nonlinear optics.


Rapid expansion of rural cell phone subscriber base in India is facing some tough challenges in getting the stable back up power for cell sites. Grid power availability is very poor and use of diesel generator is turning out to be expensive with heavy fuel and transportation costs. Use of alternative energy provides a long term viable solution. Solar-wind hybrid power generation system was installed on a typical rural Indian cell site to demonstrate the reduction of fuel consumption by over 90%. Practical implementation and results are presented in this paper along with providing the grid power availability scenario in rural India.


Objective: To evaluate the significance of the sleep apnea quality of life index(SAQLI) for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP) and quality of life in patients with obstruction sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods: Thirty patients with OSAHS were diagnosed by PSG and treated by UPPP.SAQLI was surveyed before and after surgery.Results: Before operation,the score of SAQLI was greatly reduced and had significant statistically correlation with the apnea hypopnea index(AHI)(r=-0.54) and lowest saturation(LSaO_2)(r=0.56). After operation,the total score of SAQLI including 4 domains increased significantly (P0.001).Quality of life was improved in 86.7% cases in general.By SAQLI, we could discriminate among those with different qualities of life.Conclusion: The amelioration of quality of life in OSAHS patients is significant in the short term after UPPP.SAQLI can be a valuable measurement in clinical diagnosis and follow-up treatment.


The Grajagan village had a library located at the village office. So far, the library has not been managed and utilized optimally. The problems that occur in this library include the lack of book collections, the absence of chairs and tables for readers, the condition of the library is not well organized, and the library staff were not trained in managing the library. These problems have resulted in the low interest of the people of Grajagan village to visit the village library. To solve the problems, it was necessary to provide assistance in library development. Library development is carried out through the addition of book collections, providing chairs and tables for readers, arranging library space, and training for library staff. Based on the results of community service activities that have been carried out, it can be stated that the library's book collection has increased by 88 books, the library space becomes more comfortable with the increase in furniture, and the library staff has increased their knowledge in terms of library management. To further increase the role and function of the library, promotion or introduction to the library's book collections and facilities to local villagers is required.


An analytical runoff water quality model is developed for simulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) loading and transport via road runoff in an urban area. The model considers buildup and washoff processes of suspended solids in storm runoff and considers dissolved and particle‐bound PAHs. Pollutant deposition and removal processes, which have typically been treated with a constant rate in previous models, are depicted as functions of relative humidity and wind speed to reflect the influence of meteorological conditions and are integrated into the pollutant buildup function. Pollutant input via rainwater and canopy throughfall from roadside trees is considered in the washoff model. The model is calibrated and verified with field data from an urban catchment in Beijing, China. The verification indicates that the runoff model is capable of providing results in good agreement with field measurements. A Monte Carlo framework is used to evaluate the uncertainty of PAH loading under various scenarios of atmospheric conditions.


The effects of three types of fertilizers(organic inorganic compound fertilizer,inorganic compound fertilizer and dung +inorganic fertilizer) on the growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco were compared.The results showed that the difference of organic inorganic compound fertilizer and dung+inorganic fertilizer on the physical and chemical components was not remarkable,they both promoted plant growth,enhanced the quality and the yield of flue-cured tobacco.Additionally,dung+inorganic fertilizer increased the aroma content of tobacco,and improved the utilization rate of fertilizer.


Abstract The Parent–Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) is one of the most used instruments in child custody contexts, and it is also designed for clinical and research usages. This study aimed to initially analyze the psychometric properties of the Hebrew form of the PCRI in an Israeli sample of mothers and fathers. The sample consisted of 133 parents, 80 mothers (Mage = 39.66 ± 6.23) and 53 fathers (Mage = 46.74 ± 7.84), who completed the PCRI form, the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), and a social desirability scale. Apart from the Autonomy scale, the PCRI scales exhibited good internal consistency reliability, and support for the measure's construct validity was obtained among mothers and fathers through correlations with the PAQ's theoretically relevant scale (i.e., the Authoritative scale). The PCRI scales also demonstrated negligible associations with a social desirability indicator. Taken together, the Hebrew form of the PCRI initially seems to be an acceptable index for parenting core aspects in the context of parent-child relationship. This conclusion is discussed in the light of the study's limitations and the necessity for further validity evidence.


Abstract A zonal teleconnection has been found along the Asian jet over the Eurasian continent during summer. In this study, the authors investigated circulation anomalies in the extratropics, in particular for the zonal teleconnection, under different combinations of subtropical convection anomalies over the northern Indian continent (IND) and the western North Pacific (WNP). The out-of-phase configuration (i.e., stronger (weaker) IND convection and weaker (stronger) WNP convection) was found to be more common than the in-phase configuration (i.e., stronger (weaker) IND convection and stronger (weaker) WNP convection), which is consistent with previous results. Composite results indicated that circulation anomalies for out-of-phase configurations of 30-60-day convection oscillations are much stronger in the middle latitudes than those for in-phase configurations. In addition, zonal teleconnection patterns are predominant for the out-of-phase configurations, particularly for the configuration of strong IND convection and weak WNP convection; however, they are either weak or obscure for the in-phase configurations. These results suggest that the zonal teleconnection pattern along the Asian jet is dependent on different combinations of the IND and WNP subtropical convection anomalies.


The sample of this study was selected in Yanhe which is a Tujia Autonomous County of Guizhou Province.Data was obtained by using the interview,in-kind analysis on students' homework and other relative documents,observation and was analyzed to find out the learning problem of contemporary rural left-behind in western region from the micro-level aspect.


The research area of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2X) networking and respective cooperative driving applications has been growing in recent decades. Now it is clear that V2X wireless technology will be a communication baseline for many promising cooperative automotive applications, which will make driving safer, more energy-efficient, and more comfortable. Autonomous driving is the next step, which is considered a strategic direction by many vehicle manufacturers. Although there is still a long way before fully autonomous vehicles are introduced massively in ubiquitous city environments, it is already practically feasible to consider fully automatic operation of vehicles in restricted areas (harbors, parking lots, dedicated public transport lanes). Autonomous cooperative driving enabled by V2X communications has highly demanding operating conditions and generates delay-sensitive data traffic with requirements for high reliability.


An inherent problem with natural gas production or transmission is the formation of gas hydrates,which can lead to safety hazards to production/transportation systems and to substantial economic risks. Therefore,an understanding of conditions where hydrates form is necessary to overcome hydrate related issues. Over the years,several models requiring more complicated and longer computations have been proposed for the prediction of hydrate formation conditions of natural gases. For these reasons,it is essential to develop a reliable and simple-to-use method for oil and gas practitioners. The purpose of this study is to formulate a novel empirical correlation for rapid estimation of hydrate formation condition of sweet natural gases. The developed correlation holds for wide range of temperatures(265 – 298 K) ,pressures(1200 to 40000 kPa) and molecular weights(16 29) . New proposed correlation shows consistently accurate results across proposed pressure,temperature and molecular weight ranges. This consistency could not be matched by any of the widely accepted existing correlations within the investigated range. For all conditions,new correlation showed average absolute deviation to be less than 0.2% and provided much better results than the widely accepted existing correlations.


Abstract Objectives Trace elements (TrEL) are nutritionally essential components in maintaining health and preventing diseases. There is a lack of reliable biological variation (BV) data for TrELs, required for the diagnosis and monitoring of TrEL disturbances. In this study, we aimed to provide updated within- and between-subject BV estimates for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and selenium (Se). Methods Weekly serum samples were drawn from 68 healthy subjects (36 females and 32 males) for 10 weeks and stored at −80 °C prior to analysis. Serum Zn, Cu and Se levels were measured using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Outlier and variance homogeneity analyses were performed followed by CV-ANOVA (Røraas method) to determine BV and analytical variation estimates with 95% CI and the associated reference change values (RCV) for all subjects, males and females. Results Significant differences in mean concentrations between males and females were observed, with absolute and relative (%) differences for Zn at 0.5 μmol/L (3.5%), Cu 2.0 μmol/L (14.1%) and Se 0.06 μmol/L (6.0%). The within-subject BV (CVI [95% CI]) estimates were 8.8% (8.2–9.3), 7.8% (7.3–8.3) and 7.7% (7.2–8.2) for Zn, Cu and Se, respectively. Within-subject biological variation (CVI) estimates derived for male and female subgroups were similar for all three TrELs. Marked individuality was observed for Cu and Se. Conclusions The data of this study provides updated BV estimates for serum Zn, Cu and Se derived from a stringent protocol and state of the art methodologies. Furthermore, Cu and Se display marked individuality, highlighting that population based reference limits should not be used in the monitoring of patients.


Introduction The friction stir welding (FSW) is a very important new tool in the aircraft and automotive industry solving more of the problems related to the need of high performance joints [1]. FSW was invented in 1991 at The Welding Institute (TWI) of UK, and initially useful for the joining of aluminum alloys traditionally difficult to weld (2XXX & 6XXX series) materials in which the fusion welding techniques produce brittle dendritic structures producing a strong decrease in the mechanical properties [2]. Many scientists demonstrated the lower distortion and presence of residual stresses in FSW joints with respect to the traditional welding techniques [3–5]. Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) is an option to recover the loss of strength in the heat affected zone (HAZ) caused by averaging due to the weld thermal cycle. Recent studies on the effect of PWHT on FSW of Al alloy 2219 (in T6 temper) showed significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the weldment [6].The PWHT following FSW of 2219 (in O temper) has significant effect on the fracture locations of the joints. The tensile strength of the joints is increased with increasing solutionising temperature [7]. The PWHT (solutionising and ageing) following FSW of 6061 (in O temper) resulted in increase in hardness across the whole weldment [8]. Studies on AA6082 (in T6 temper) showed that when the material was under T6 condition, the HAZ had lower hardness after post weld ageing, while the rest of region regained the hardness [9]. On the other hand, when the material was under T4 condition, there was recovery of hardness across the entire weldment. Post weld ageing and post weld solution treatment and ageing of 6063-T5 restored the strength of the weld to the level of base metal [10]. From the above studies it can be seen that PWHT would minimize the HAZ softening problem and improve the strength of the weld. Though there has been lot of research on FSW of similar aluminium alloys like AA 2219 and AA 6061 [2-10], very few studies deal with dissimilar metal/alloy welds. The tensile and fatigue behavior of FSW weldments of 2024 and 7075 Al alloys and observed that the failure in the tensile test was on 2024 side(which has lower hardness) and the dissimilar joint exhibited a decrease in fatigue life with respect to 7075 FSW joint [11]. Ageing improved the hardness at the interface of FSW joint (5083 to 6061-T6) but did not improve the hardness of soft HAZ [12]. The Polarization tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a nobler behavior of weld bead with respect to parent alloy of AA2024T3 using FSW and TIG techniques [13]. The effect of post weld surface laser treatment led to a remarkable improvement of the corrosion resistance of FSW aluminum welds in 2024Al-T351 and 7010Al-T7651 [14]. A torch treatment (exposing each side) of 7075 alloy FSW welds to a torch flame for 1min at a distance of ~20 mm and quenched in water resulted in a slight disappearance of the intergrannular precipitates and the general disappearance of the grain boundary phase, in particular for the HAZ, thereby decreasing the intergrannular corrosion susceptibility and increasing the stress corrosion cracking resistance [15]. Naturally aged FSW joints of 7050 Al-T7651 had better SCC resistance, but some aged joints caused unacceptable loss in mechanical properties under ambient conditions [16]. The local heat treatment (solutionising heat treatment, retrogression and re-ageing) was the most promising type of heat treatment to restore SSC resistance [17]. The present study aims to investigate the effects of PWHTA (post weld solutionising at 520 C for 1h and subsequent ageing at 180 0 C for 4,8,12 hr) on the properties of dissimilar FSW of 2024-T6 and 6351-T6 aluminum alloys. Post-weld heat treatment effect on dissimilar friction stir welds (AA 2024-t6 and AA 6351-t6) P. Murali Krishna 1,* , N. Ramanaiah 2 , A.Krishnaiah 3 and K.Prasad Rao 4


Aims: Staying at home for a prolonged period and the stress experienced
due to the COVID-19 quarantine may affect sleep quality and night eating
behaviours of individuals. This study aimed to identify the relationship
between night eating behaviour, sleep quality, and perceptions of health
locus of control in women during the pandemic. Methods: A questionnaire
form evaluating demographic information, nutritional habits, health
information and anthropometric measurements was conducted along with the
Night Eating Syndrome (NES) Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
(PUKI), and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (A) form. Results:
With a mean age of 33.0 ± 8.0 years 529 women participated in the study.
The mean night eating scale score was 14.44 ± 4.72 and the mean PUKI
score was 6.44 ± 2.90. Higher night eating scores were observed in
participants with a chance locus of control perception when compared to
participants with internal health locus of control perception (p
<.05). Obese participants have lower sleep quality compared to
normal and overweight participants (p <.05). It was also found
that night eating behaviours significantly predicted sleep quality (R =
.364, R2 =.133; p <.01) and explained about 13.3 % of the
total variance of sleep quality. Conclusion: In this study conducted
during the quarantine period, we showed that night eating behaviours
significantly predict sleep quality, and individuals with a high
perception of chance locus of control had a higher night eating scores
than individuals with high perception of internal health locus of
control.


Abstrac t . The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of the learning models on achievement viewed from creative thinking abilities (CTA) of the students. The learning models compared were PBL, TGT and direct instruction (DI). The type of the research was quasi-experimental research with 3x3 factorial design. The population of this research was the students in grade X senior high school in Purbalingga on academic year of 2014/2015. The size of the sample was 277 students, which was taken by using stratified cluster random sampling technique. The instruments used for data collection were creative thinking test and achievement test. The hypothesis test used unbalanced two ways analysis of variance. The results of the research were as follows. (1) PBL gave better achievement than TGT and DI. TGT gave better achievement than DI. (2) The students with high and medium CTA had better achievement than the students with low CTA. The students with medium CTA had better achievement than the students with low CTA. (3) In PBL, the students with high CTA had better achievement than medium and low CTA, the students with medium and low had the same achievement. In TGT, the students with high and medium CTA had the same achievement, the students with high CTA had better achievement than low CTA, the students with medium and low CTA had the same achievement. In DI, the students with high, medium and low CTA had the same achievement. (4) At the students with high CTA, PBL and TGT gave the same achievement. PBL and TGT gave better achievement than DI. At the students with medium CTA, PBL and TGT gave the same achievement, PBL gave better achievement than DI, TGT and DI gave the same achievement. The students with low CTA, PBL, TGT and DI gave the same achievement. Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Teams Games Tournamnet, Direct Instruction, Creative Thinking Abilities , Achievement.


Children's literature has a cognitive value and is a source of aesthetic experiences. Picture books with mathematical content are a special type of children's books. The study aims to show that picture books where mathematical text is combined with images in an aesthetic form provide impulses to create educational situations that inspire mathematical activity. Based on the classification of mathematical activity by Ewa Kozak-Czyżewska, we developed our methodological proposals for stimulating creative and imitative mathematical activity in children. These suggestions are presented on the basis of our work with two books: Numbers written by Jacek Cygan and At our house written by Isabel Minhós Martins and Madalena Matoso. For the purpose of this study, educational classes with the use of mathematical literary texts were conducted for six-year-old children in kindergarten. It has been shown that picture books can inspire creative and imitative mathematical activity in children. By providing positive experiences, these texts can support the processes of learning mathematics, awaken children's motivation to calculate and use mathematics in everyday life. The presented study may be used as a model of working with picture books with mathematical content in kindergarten.


Classrooms and learning environments are almost as diverse as the curriculum that is taught in them. However, one thing that almost all classrooms have in common is that they are designed before the curriculum is developed. This leads to the design of common, generalized learning environments. These generalizations can lead to inconveniences in the classrooms, which cause deficiencies in learning. This problem is particularly true in engineering, where curriculum can be lecture based, design based, or project based. The goal with this project is to design a classroom and lab to fit the needs of specific undergraduate engineering curriculum. Allowing the classroom design to be driven by the curriculum that will eventually be taught there will result in a more efficient and effective learning environment. Current freshman engineering students in the existing labs were surveyed, and next year's freshman engineering students in the new lab will be surveyed to collect data about their experiences in the current learning environment. When the classroom construction is complete, a comparative analysis of the classroom dynamics both of the old and new classrooms will take place in order to determine the success of the work.


A new phthalocyanine and porphyrin based hybrid covalent organic framework, CoPc-PorDBA COF, has been synthesized and its gas storage properties have been measured. The CoPc-PorDBA COF crystallizes into 2D sheets with an eclipsed AA stacking motif, and it showed high surface area (SBET = 1315 m2 g−1), and can store up to 0.8 wt% of H2 at 77 K and 1 bar and 0.6 wt% of CH4 at 298 K and 1 bar.


There are 4.3 million deaths annually (33% of all child deaths) due to acute upper and lower respiratory infections including measles and pertussis. Morbidity is much higher: in India 30-35% of pediatric hospital admissions are for acute respiratory infections (ARI). Some of the risk factors for ARI are bottle feeding, overcrowding, outdoor and indoor pollution, low birth weight, and malnutrition, according to World Health Organization studies. A typical example of an Indian child with frequent hospitalizations for lower respiratory infections is a case where the father smokes and the mother works outside the home, which is a squatter hut near a highway and a power plant. In Rio de Janeiro, risk factors are maternal stress or depression, poor supervision, and poor housing. Prevalence of ARI was 80% in a 15-day recall period. In Gambia, children of polygamous unions and those exposed to indoor cooking fires are at high risk. In Hong Kong, poor environmental air quality has been identified with ARI. In the US factors associated with ARI are smoking, passive smoking, and air pollution. A child exposed to smoking will have 20% more days being bedridden than otherwise.


A better understanding of customers" behavioral intention remains a primary concern for marketing researchers. There is a big bulk of literature on the topic, however, there has been no recent effort to review these studies systematically in order to make them useful for researchers and practitioners. Therefore, there is a need to synthesise the evidence regarding the accuracy and usefulness of existing studies. As such, the objective of this paper is to review the related literature on Customers' behavioural intention in financial products with specific reference to Islamic finance and insurance in the span 2012-2019. This review employed a systematic method to collect, synthesise, and analyse 76 articles on the topic. The findings reveal that the majority of the literature focused on existing customers' intention to pay, purchase, use, practice and adopt certain products or services. Nevertheless, there is a gap concerning potential customers' intention, especially in Islamic insurance. Moreover, certain big Islamic insurance markets in assets, such as Kuwait and Qatar, still in its infantry concerning customers' adoption. As such, more effort and attention should be exerted by decision makers and Islamic financial organizations to attract those potential customers.


The present research comes out from the logistic identification as a source to achive. It has as main goal to disign an operative administrator to control in small comercial business. The CMO came into being from astudies on perfecting logistic in CIMEX subsidiaries. The author experience in administration and the study of the bibliography, the utilization of the tool has made it possible to uplift the results in the year 2014 and 2015 in the main indicators. The utilities grow in 1,1%, the productivity for added value in 4,7% and the relation of wages in MM for productivity for added value is 0, 999 9, the sales for sguare meters for plaza and pistol, the same as the growing of customers satifaction.


: In this study, multiple regression analysis was performed using the data of phase composition and diffusion test of cementitious paste in order to estimate hydrates formed on hardened cement on mass transfer. In hardened cementitious paste and mortar from the multiple regression analysis results, the amount of CH, AFm, C 3 AH 6 increase the (cid:9480) (cid:9491) 2 , (cid:9480) (cid:9511)(cid:9520)- . On the other hand, the amount of C-S-H, C 4 AH 13 decrease (cid:9480) (cid:9491) 2 , (cid:9480) (cid:9511)(cid:9520)- . The diffusion coefficient of water is increased due to the increase of the amount of CH.


Electronic and far-i.r. spectral evidence for a structural change occurring in the solid state between the distorted tetrahedral and planar forms of Ni(Ph2PCH2-Ph)2Br2, produced by high external pressure, has been obtained; this is the first reported spin-pairing occurring for solid nickel complexes, and conversion from a distorted tetrahedral into a planar structure with an increase in pressure.


family physician for more than forty years. He was born in 1835 at Riccarton, Kilmarnock, where his father was a schoolmaster. Like most youths destined for the medical profession in those days, he got his initiation into the mystery of drugs as the apprentice lad or shop boy in Dr. Thomson's surgery, King Street, Kilmarnock. Thereafter, he entered the University of Glasgow, through the classes of which he passed with more than ordinary distinction; graduated M.D. in 1859, and at once settled in practice on the South Side, where he was the leading physician for many


Pressure tuning of phase transitions is a powerful tool in condensed matter physics, permitting high-resolution studies while preserving fundamental symmetries. At the highest pressures, energy dispersive x-ray diffraction (EDXD) has been a critical method for geometrically confined diamond anvil cell experiments. We develop a chemical filter technique complementary to EDXD that permits the study of satellite peaks as weak as 10^(-4) of the crystal Bragg diffraction. In particular, we map out the temperature dependence of the incommensurate charge density wave diffraction from single-crystal, elemental chromium. This technique provides the potential for future GPa pressure studies of many-body effects in a broad range of solid state systems.


A case of nipple recurrence presenting 17 years after subcutaneous mastectomy for carcinoma is presented. The tumour had become less well differentiated but did not appear to have metastasized. This case highlights the problems of follow-up that will accompany the use of treatments that preserve part of the breast.


Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of direct trocar insertion and Veress needle to gain access in the abdominal cavity for laparoscopic cholecystectomy Study design: Randomized control study Place and duration of study: Surgical unit II, Akhtar Saeed Trust Teaching Hospital/ Farooq Hospital West Wood , Lahore, from August, 2012 to July, 2014. Methodology: All patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the study period were enrolled. All patients younger (<20years) and older patients (>65years) and those with co morbid conditions were excluded. The remaining was randomized into two groups. In one group, Veress needle was used, while in other group, the trocar was inserted directly to establish pneumoperitoneum. Surgeries were performed by the experienced surgeons of the unit. Results: There were total of 30 patients in each group. The time to establish pneumoperitonium was much less in the direct trocars technique. . In the direct trocars group, gas leak occurred in 5 patients while there were 4 patients in Veress needle group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that with a lower complication rate, direct insertion of the disposable trocar is a safe alternative to Veress needle insertion technique for the creation of pneumoperitoneum. Such an approach has further advantages such as less instrumentation / cost and rapid creation of pneumoperitoneum.


Abstract : An economic evaluation model is examined. Primary attention is given to evaluation of the operating costs of the ETsVUM electronic control computer. A method is proposed using analytical calculations in combinations are given regarding the maintenance of operational reliability and decrease in expenditures on the ETsVUM.


Security is an important issue in the VANET environment and the Sybil attack affects it the most. In Sybil attack a node illegally claims itself as a legitimate node using multiple identities. This paper systematically analyses about Sybil attack and its effect in the VANET. We establish a Signal and Time clustering (STC) algorithm to detect the Sybil attack in VANET. The scheme provides a low complexity and low overhead solution which can be more efficient in a VANET environment. KeywordsSmart Transportation System (STS); On-Board Unit (OBU);, Road Side Unit (RSU), Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)


Abstract Australian results on PISA 2000 (Program for International Student Assessment; OECD, 2002) show polarised reading achievement, with large proportions of strong readers (>40%) but also large proportions of weak readers (>30%). From the results it would seem that current instruction meets many readers' needs, but not those of this lower third. With reading accuracy not emphasised in Australian reading instruction in recent decades, reading accuracy difficulties may underlie this weak achievement. This paper discusses issues that underlie the optimising of reading instruction in Australia, the importance of applied research at school level in resolving these issues, and the merits of use of rigorous reading accuracy tests in this research. The Test of Word Reading Efficiency (TOWRE) is discussed as a potential test for gathering such evidence and data, and the findings from testing of 1200 students in one Queensland region are discussed.


In a high‐resolution atmospheric model, the terrain is resolved in detail, and thus steeper and more complex terrain can be represented. Thus, we developed an atmospheric model that represents the terrain by using the Chimera grid method, which represents the computational region as a composite of overlapping grids. To test this model, we simulated a lee wave over a semicircular mountain and one over a tall semi‐elliptical mountain. The results show that the Chimera grid method can be used to represent a very steep terrain which terrain‐following coordinates and numerically generated coordinates cannot represent appropriately.


The present invention controls, charge power to sense the condition of the battery from the charger and to transmit a more particularly, wireless power relates to a solid state battery and the battery charging set for charging the battery in the solid state using an electromagnetic induction relates to solid state batteries and battery charging can be set. Solid state rechargeable batteries according to the present invention is a charge with a built-in charge circuit for charging the electrical energy to the battery cells for solid state battery, a high frequency alternating current is a high frequency AC current induced by the magnetic field generated from the external non-contact charger guiding portion; Charging voltage supply for supplying a voltage required for charging the battery cell; A charging current supply unit for supplying the battery cell, the charging current by using the voltage received is applied from the charge voltage supply; And a; and the charge control unit for monitoring a voltage or current supplied to the charging of the battery cell, by using the results confirm the state of charge of the battery cells produces a control signal Solid state, charging, battery, charging voltage, charging current, loss


The packaging is a product wrap with a creative design that aims to convey a description of information. The packaging has the primary purpose as a protector so that the physical product remains intact. One factor that can be used as an attraction for consumer interest is attractive packaging. The packaging is one of the focuses in developing a food product, and this is because the packaging is an aspect that can give a first impression to consumers. The purpose of this study is to improve consumer preferences in fried banana packaging, in addition to redesigning packaging. In this study, the design of fried banana packaging design uses the Kansei Engineering (KE) method. KE is a method that combines emotions and feelings with product design, resulting in product design that is by consumer emotions. Based on the research results obtained three alternative designs based on Kansei Engineering. Index Terms : Food packaging, Design, Kansei Engineering, Development product. ——————————  ——————————


As is inevitable in anthologies, the quality of the individual contributions varies somewhat, but in this volume, only one article seemed misplaced. The inclusion of Lansing's article on the political role of American women, which does not contribute to the organizing theme of the book, is puzzling, particularly since more suitable articles are in the literature. This book demonstrates clearly that although some of the more extreme practices of the patriarchical tradition, e.g., purdah and foot binding, are disappearing and that patriarchy has an uneven grip on societies around the world, the tradition persists and affects, in profound ways, the lives of all men and women. No one can predict when, if ever, patriarchy will vanish, but comparative studies such as this one help to focus on and possibly explain a worldwide phenomenon.


Raw meat-based diets (RMBD), or BARF pet diets, have become very popular worldwide, and several years ago they have been on the Colombian market. The supporters of BARF diets claim important benefits for pet ́s health, nevertheless these kind of diets can represent a hazard to pet ́s health, because these foods could be contaminated with potentially pathogen microorganisms, also representing a public health risk. Objective: To evaluate the presence of bacterial and fungal microorganisms on a significant sample of commercial BARF diets that can be bought in Medellin (Colombia). Materials and Methods: 84 cultures were performed in 12 commercial RMDB or BARF diets, and were evaluated these parameters: growth of Salmonella spp, Clostridium Spp, E. coli, total and fecal coliforms, aerobic mesophiles, fungi and yeasts. Results: There was growth of the listed microorganisms: molds (50%), yeasts (83%), aerobic mesophiles (83%), total coliforms (83%), E coli (17%), Clostridium perfringens (8%), there was no Salmonella spp growth in any of the tested diets. Conclusion: it was demonstrated the pathogen potential and possibly zoonotic of BARF diets, veterinarians and pet owners must know these results, in order to decide with real criterion if recommend or feed these diets to their pets.


Autism is a syndrome characterized by a group of complex disorders of brain development, which hinders the child's social communication and presents changes that can compromise your daily life. Autistic children may have decreased muscle tone, delayed motor development, making it necessary physical therapy monitoring, thus preventing and minimizing the impairment caused by the syndrome. This study sought to understand the mothers' perception about the diagnosis and care of the autistic child. The methodology it is a study of descriptive, exploratory cross-sectional design and qualitative and quantitative approach. The research was developed in Victoria municipality of Conquista - BA, and to collect hi used a semi-structured questionnaire formulated by the researcher that included questioning of variables such as age, education, profession, marital status, in addition, there was the presence of guiding questions for the mothers' knowledge about autism, how they feel being a mother of an autistic child, among others. Data analysis method was used Bardin content analysis. Were used the following inclusion criteria: Mothers aged 18 to 60 years, children who have been diagnosed with autism and who were seen in Vitoria da Conquista APAE - BA. This study identified that the interviewed mothers have unsatisfactory knowledge about the syndrome, which makes the care and quality of life of these children with Autism. The sociodemographic variables, we identified the degree of complete elementary school education (41.67%), and family income Question (75%) participants had income of two minimum wages. The findings of this study served this way, to consider that there is a need to create campaigns that can bring more information to mothers and to the entire community in order to join these children in society so that there is no prejudice and inequality. There is also need to prepare health professionals so they can assist and guide these mothers about the diagnosis and care should be taken as an Autistic child, thus increasing the expectations of these mothers and reducing their frustrations.


The anti-apoptosis gene, bcl-2, is also related to drug-resistance, which expresses markedly higher on all kinds of leukemia. small interference RNA can silence the targeted mRNA expression. Objective: To study the effect of G3139 and siRNA targeting bcl-2 gene which increase the sensitivity of HL-60 cell to HT, Ara-C, As 2 O 3 and RA. Method:Incubate leukima cell HL-60 with H, Ara-C, As 2 O 3 and RA, meanwhile transfected siRNAs or G3139 in it by lipofectamine2000 with OPTI-MEM cultural medium for 6h, then add equal volume RPMI-1640 culture medium containing 20% inactive newborn calf serum. After transfection for 24,48 and 72h, cell proliferations were determined by MTT method. After transfection for 48h, we test the level of Bcl-2 protein, ROS and membrane potential of mitochondrion in HL-60 cell by FCM. Result: Compare with control group, the G3139 and siRNA targeting bcl-2 combine with H or Ara-C or As 2 O 3 have significant effects on inhibiting the proliferation of HL-60(P Compare with control group, the G3139 and siRNA targeting bcl-2 combine with RA have significant effects on inhibiting the proliferation of HL-60 and the level of Bcl-2 protein decrease, but there were not difference between test groups and control group on the level of ROS and membrane potential of mitochondrion (P Conclusion: The effective siRNA2, targeting bcl-2, can increased the drug-sensitivity though inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2 protein. Different drug has different mechanism to induce the leukimic cell apoptosis.