Education forms the backbone of a nation and is one of the most important key indicators of a country's growth and development. Higher education in India has seen a transition in the last decade where from a nobler venture it has acquired the status of a "business". This has led to intense competition in the field where institutions are fighting for their fair share of pie. However, it is expected of them that they keep their values and ethics upright when aiming for competitive sustenance. This paper discusses the significance of ethical practices at higher education institutions in their endeavor to achieve the same. An institution practicing ethics will strive towards excellence and will benefit all the stakeholders who are a part of the system. For the study, a survey was conducted to identify the relationship between ethical practices in higher education institutions and its perception by the beneficiaries that are the students. The universe for the study comprises higher education institutions in and around Delhi NCR, India. The results distinctly show that there is a positive relationship between reputation, brand image, and the competitive sustenance of a higher education institution.


■ ^ o fv . . . ' . c In this dissertation a search is conducted for systems of the form H 2 ^ + pD + A (x> y)p*+ B (x > v )P y+ v (x '.y\ which possess o )nfigurational invariants polynomial or rational J-h the momenta as well as for axially symmetric systems of the form 0 * = 5(f£ + ; t ) + 7 M , ° which possess configurational invariants polynomial in the momenta. . Several new t ? Kr systems are found, . . ' f\ 1 First integrals are discussed and a survey made of systems of the first form above which possess polynomial first integrals. A survey of the literature pertaining to configurational invariants is also given.


This essay investigates emotional and affective dimensions to social life that emerge in the early period of neoliberalism. In consideration of the films Five Easy Pieces; Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, and McCabe and Mrs. Miller, I argue that negative affects such as depression, fear, anxiety, and cynicism not only reflect reconfigurations of selfhood engendered by neoliberalism but also present the possibility for new modes of sociality. Drawing on the work of Paolo Virno, I suggest that virtuosity–the capacity to perform–allows neoliberal subjects to navigate the emotional situation emergent from dynamic changes in the economy, politics, and culture.


An anyon is a particle in 2+1 dimensions obeying fractional statistics' and may be viewed as a hard-core boson (or a fermion) to which a flux tube is attached. The statistical interaction is highly nontrivial and it has so far resisted full solution. Some progress can be made using a mean-field theory of statistics in which the sta- tistical flux is replaced by a uniform magnetic field 8,&. This idea was first put to practical use in the theory of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE), where fermions in an external field 8,", can be mapped onto bo- sons in zero mean field (B,tt+8", =0). The ordering associated with the FQHE gap is revealed in the form of algebraic of-diagonal long-range order (ODLRO) for the composite particles (bosons plus flux tubes). More recently this idea has been greatly expanded and extend- ed by Laughlin ' to the case of semions (particles with statistical angle 8/tr = 1/2) for which the mean-field theory yields fermions filling the two lowest Landau lev- els. Laughlin pointed out the remarkable fact that pairs of semions can condense to form a Bose superfluid. The mean-field approximation has several peculiari- ties ' since the purely quantum Aharonov-Bohm phase is replaced by a classical Lorentz force and the particles see a preferred (quantum) length scale I— = (Ac/eB, ff) ' This turns out not to be a problem in the FQHE since the incompressible Laughlin state has a gap and its den- sity is pinned at precisely this same length scale due to the (physical) external field. However, mean-field theory for semions incorrectly suggests the existence of an excitation gap analogous to that in the integer Hall effect. Augmenting the mean-field theory with fluctua- tions at the RPA level'' restores the linearly dispersing density mode expected in a superfluid. A local increase in density is accompanied by a compensating increase in the local B,g such that the lowest two Landau levels can remain filled and there is no preferred length scale. ' The purpose of this paper is to present an exactly solu- ble model of anyons which sheds considerable light on all these points and which totally bypasses difficulties in- herent in the mean-field solutions. The model differs in one (highly) nontrivial way from the usual one in that the particles have an attractive hard-core interaction. (The effect of the hard-core repulsion that is usually con- sidered is to prevent intersection of the boson world lines and hence make the homotopy class of their braiding well defined. ') The present model was inspired by recent applications of supersymmetry and the Atiyah-Singer in- dex theorem to particles in an arbitrary magnetic field. " We will prove below that the index theorem can be ex- tended to the nontrivial many-body case where the flux is not axed in time but is carried on the particles them selves; i.e., for anyons. Consider the pair of Hamiltoni- ans .'V


To investigate the corrosion performance of wrought Al alloy Al-5.0Cu,ASTM standard test was applied to study its exfoliation corrosion behaviour.It showed that the final microstructure of alloy was dominated by hot processing temperature.The materials studied displayed recrystallised grain structure,and the grain size increased with the raise of temperature.The coarse grains formed at higher temperature are favourable to improve corrosion resistance.


A new method was developed that facilitates the release and determination of hydrogen cyanide from saskatoon tissue. Shrub parts are ground in dry ice and incubated for 1 h in a buffered solution containing hydrolytic enzymes. The incubation mixture is then analyzed directly thereby eliminating the requirement for cyanide distillation or microdiffusion. The method was used to determine the cyanide potential in buds, leaves, twigs and fruit of 24 saskatoon selections, potentially suitable for commercial production. In agreement with previous studies, the results indicate that vegetative parts of saskatoon are potentially hazardous to ruminants but the fruit can be considered innocuous.


Controversy has surrounded the Dead Sea Scrolls ever since they were first discovered in caves bordering the Dead Sea. what is their true meaning? What revelations do they hold about Judaism and about the origins of Christianity? In this bestseller Schiffman lifts the shroud of mystery and conspiracy that has obscured their true meaning, proving that many of the scrolls have been incorrectly translated and misinterpreted.


This research examines fertility and infertility in Ethiopia. Its two major objectives are the estimation of regional and overall fertility and infertility levels over time for the rural population and Addis Ababa, the capital city; and a comparative fertility study by regions, rural-city, and by demographic and socio-economic characteristics of individual women. This study uses data from various sources to arrive at a coherent picture of fertility levels and trends in Ethiopia: these include a primary analysis of the 1980-81 Demographic Survey of the rural areas and a subset of the 1984 Addis Ababa Population Census data tapes. Indirect estimation of fertility levels showed a substantial recent fertility change in Ethiopia. Rural fertility increased from a moderate level of 5.6 children per woman in the 1965-70 period to a very high level of 7.7 children in 1980-81. Regional estimates also showed a universal rise in rural fertility. On the other hand, the fertility of the city was found to be comparatively low, and declined from about five children per woman in the 1967-78 period to four in 1983-84. The fertility rise in the rural areas was due to a declining trend of infecundity and subfertility, and changes in the age pattern of overall and marital fertility leading to enhanced fertility of women over age 30 in 1980-81 compared to the lower fecundity of these women in the earlier periods; as the proportion married has remained stable at a favourably high level. The study has shown that the low-fertility regions had high childlessness associated with low maternal fertility, and the converse was true for highfertility regions. The low fertility of the city was found to be due to a combination of a markedly high level of childlessness and relatively low maternal fertility. Nevertheless, the low fertility of the city was also found to be due to the unfavourable marital status patterns caused by migration, urbanization and education. Thus, it was also due to later marriage, and comparatively low proportions married. The study documented the existence of high levels of infecundity and subfertility in Ethiopia with considerable variations by region of residence and ethnicity, and has shown the extension of the broad belt of infertility and low fertility of Africa from Central Africa into Ethiopia.


Abstract Ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) are attractive alternatives to conventional heating and cooling systems owing to their higher energy utilization efficiency. GSHPs, also known as geothermal heat pumps, are a promising new technology that has been used for the last few years in the Korean market. A geothermal energy system has been developed over the last two years and a ground-heat-source water thermal-storage heat-pump cooling and heating system in Gu-mi city was built. Trial performance tests were conducted on the system. The actual proof examination was accomplished and the performance of the system was investigated. The coefficient of performance of the heat pump unit was 4.29 for cooling and 3.97 for heating. Thus, the presented system is expected to be used for energy savings and active alternative energy use.


The microstructure and heterogeneous nucleation phenomena in cast SiCp-reinforced hypereutectic Al–Si/alloy composites have been studied. Composite specimens were prepared using the compocasting technique and followed by remelting at 1023 K. The microstructure evolution of the composite has been investigated by water quenching the composite specimens at different stages of solidification. It has been observed that SiC particles can serve as substrate for the primary Si particles but not for α-Al dendrites. Instead primary α-Al dendrites push SiC particles into the last solidified liquid.

In the presence of SiC particles, the eutectic silicon morphology changes from plate and needle shape of the unreinforced alloy to just plate shape. Globularisation of primary α-Al dendrites occurs at the eutectic temperature while primary Si crystals tend to agglomerate as solidification proceeds. As a result both the average size and the average volume fraction of the primary Si crystals increases. A significant refinement in the size of eutectic silicon can also be observed but only in the regions where SiC particles are present.


To obtain reliable joint probability forecasts, multivariate postprocessing of numerical weather predictions (NWPs) must take into account dependencies among the univariate forecast errors—across different forecast horizons, locations or atmospheric quantities. We develop a framework for multivariate Gaussian regression (MGR), a flexible multivariate postprocessing technique with advantages over state-of-the-art methods.

In MGR both mean forecasts and parameters describing their error covariance matrix may be modeled simultaneously on NWP-derived predictor variables. The bivariate case is straightforward and has been used to postprocess horizontal wind vector forecasts, but higher dimensions present two major difficulties: ensuring the estimated error covariance matrix is positive definite and regularizing the high model complexity.

We tackle these problems by parameterizing the covariance through the entries of its basic and modified Cholesky decompositions. This ensures its positive definiteness and is the crucial fact making it possible to link parameters with predictors in a regression.  When there is a natural order to the variables, we can also sensibly reduce complexity through a priori restrictions of the parameter space.

MGR forecasts take the form of full joint parametric distributions—in contrast to ensemble copula coupling (ECC) that obtains samples from the joint distribution. This has the advantage that joint probabilities or quantiles can be easily derived.

Our novel method is applied to postprocess NWPs of surface temperature at an Alpine valley station for ten distinct lead times more than one week in the future.  All the mean forecasts and their full error covariance matrix are modelled on NWP-derived variables in one step. MGR outperforms ECC in combination with nonhomogeneous Gaussian regression.


To many people,living in cities means a comfortable modern life and more career opportunities.The comfortable modern life and career opportunity which are actually concepts about human beings are borrowed to describe a city in that the definition of city itself embodies an important relationship between city environment and human beings.City environment doesn't exist if separated from human activities and participation in the founding and development of cities.While offering more favorable opportunities for people,cities create more opportunities for the development of their own.At the same time,there are voices about the two contradictions-the relationship between economical growth and city environment and that between economical growth and energy consumption.Consequently,people shouted the slogan "better city,better life." This slogan expresses people's pursuit of a good inter-personal relationship,a harmony between people and city environment and a harmony between cityscape and nature.


The development of high-temperature guided wave transducers for high-temperature structure health monitoring is of great interest in many aspects of industrial engineering. In this work, the zero-order shear horizontal (SH0) guided wave transducer was designed and analyzed based on the X-plate from Ca2Al2SiO7 (CAS) crystals. Furthermore, the excitation and reception performances were evaluated. It is determined from the finite element simulation that the CAS-based guided wave transducer can excite pure SH0 waves in a specific direction. Experimental results confirmed that pure SH0 waves could be achieved and received by the designed CAS-based transducer, which is in good agreement with the theoretical study. Strong SH0 wave signals were chosen at elevated temperatures, and a moderate signal-to-noise ratio >12 dB was realized at the high temperature of 600 °C, showing the advantages of a CAS-based transducer for high-temperature sensing application.


This study aims to reveal how Al Shabaab uses COVID-19 which has become a global epidemic and affected the whole World as a propaganda tool. After the first COVID-19 case was seen in Somalia on March 16, 2020, the spread of the epidemic throughout the country caused the central government to take some measures as in other countries. However, defined as a failed state it is very difficult for Somalia to combat the epidemic. The biggest reason for this is that El Shabaab tried to show the government inadequate and indifferent to the epidemic and started to take measures in its own way. The inadequate cooperation and coordination of the central government with the states in combating the virus and senior government officials to contract the virus appear as a situation that strengthens the propaganda of Al Shabaab. In the study, using the qualitative research method, the reports of the United Nations Security Council, World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The East Africa Research and Strategic Studies Center and the media reflections were tried to be described. As a result of the findings, it was concluded that the organization, acting on the ideology that it represents the colonized Somali people, and in order to legitimize the declaration of jihad made the propaganda that the occupying Christian states spread the virüs.


This investigation made in the "Instituto Tecnologico Superior Aloasi" during the period between 2012-2013; in which participated all of scholar community, taking into account that abuse between students "Bullying" affects the academic performance of students in the teaching - learning, the purpose of the research in this thesis. It was necessary to make activities which help to develop motivational workshops with the students of eighth years of basic education. The important in this investigation is motivated to know, awareness and make a dynamic alternative to counter the bullying in the institution


The applicability of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as an important aquatic weed plant in sub-tropical regions of the world makes it a useful bio-accumulator and bio- sorbent for some organic pollutants including phenolic pollutants and some nitrogenous organic pollutants form wastewater. The experimental conditions upon using the investigated biomass were optimized to achieve a reduction of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the total organic carbon (TOC) by about 90%. Also the sorption of the reported pollutants was examined as a function of its initial concentration in wastewater, pH, weight of roots and contact time. The concentration of phenolic pollutants and nitrogenous organic compounds in influent and effluent of wastewater and in the collected water samples were monitored using several coated wire ion selective electrodes (ISEs). Each ion selective electrode is designed specifically to monitor one type of pollutants. The results obtained using the dried roots of water hyacinth is compared to that obtained when a granular activated carbon (GAC) is used. Preliminary results show that the outlet of the purification biomass meets most of the regulator's limits for discharge of treated wastewater in Egypt. Therefore, the treated effluents can be used safely in different applications such as irrigation of golf course, green way or park. If it is sufficiently clean it can also be used for ground water recharge, in recharging of batteries or in some industrial use. Moreover, such water hyacinth roots can be used as an effective tool for the treatment and reuse of wastewater as they have been shown to adsorb and accumulate toxic elements.


Active human β-glucocerebrosidase was produced in baculovirus-transduced insect cells, purified and crystallized to yield a 0.98 Å resolution unliganded structure and a trapped covalent intermediate structure with 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-d-glucopyranoside.


In MacNeil v. Trambert, 401 Ill.App.3d 1077 (Ill. App. 2d 2010), an Illinois appeals court found that an Illinois eBay buyer could not use long-arm jurisdiction to hale a California seller into an Illinois state court. The opinion demonstrates the continuing challenges courts face in determining the reach of long-arm jurisdiction in website contract cases involving non-forum sellers and forum buyers. After the decision, the roles of the "transaction of any business" and "tortious act" provisions of the Illinois long-arm statute remain unclear. The parameters of a "one-time deal" remain elusive. Distinctions between forms of "interactive", as opposed to "passive," websites, as well as between forms of website owners, remain fuzzy.The article reviews MacNeil, discussing when forum buyers might be able to sue non-forum sellers based on troubled Internet purchases.


IntroductionUntil 1994, environmental laws and health protection standards did not protect racial minority and low socio-economic status (SES) communities (1). By 1994, the term "environmental justice" was legally instituted through Presidential Executive Order 12898. Environmental justice is "the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies" (2). Underprivileged populations are at an increased risk of adverse health outcomes, such as asthma, and disproportionately exposed to environmental stressors like ozone and particulate matter Nearly 40% of the United States population lives within 50 miles of a nuclear facility (4). All current operating nuclear plants, with the exception of the Vogtle nuclear reactors in Waynesboro, Georgia, were built prior to Executive Order 12898 without consideration for racial and socioeconomic disparities in the construction region. The California Waste Management Board purposefully identified ideal sites for "undesirable land uses" as conservative rural populations with low incomes and higher education rates with the "least potential of generating public opposition" (5). Numerous studies have documented the environmental injustices surrounding uranium mining and waste disposal facilities and occupational hazards for nuclear plant workers.6 However, only two studies have evaluated environmental injustices in the populations residing near nuclear power plants in the eastern United States (4, 6).Previous research has examined the relationship between adverse health outcomes such as leukemia and distance to a nuclear facility as a proxy for exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation emitted from a facility (7). Researchers in Germany, France, and the United Kingdom found that children residing within 5 kilometers (approximately 3 miles) of a nuclear power plant were at an increased risk of developing cancer (7, 8).In the United States, the National Cancer Institute found that children living roughly within 30 miles of a nuclear power plant are exposed to low-level doses of radiation (9). The 2006 publication of the BEIR VII elicited questions into the current radiation protection standards as it indicated that no level of radiation is safe for children (10). All acceptable levels of regulated radiation emissions from nuclear power plants are based on a protection standard, 'Reference Man'. Reference Man was established in 1975 by the International Commission on Radiological Protection that defined the average individual as a Caucasian male between the ages of 20 and 30 years old, weighing 70 kg (154 pounds) and 170 cm (5 feet 7 inches) tall. This protection standard fails miserably to include children with their body weight, height, metabolism and growing organs and organ systems and who live within 30 miles of a nuclear facility (11). While subsequent studies, such as Mangano in 2008, determined that African American infants in particular saw an increase in mortality after the Mississippi nuclear reactor, Grand Gulf, began operating, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has yet to alter Reference Man to reduce the levels of radiation emitted from the facilities (2).Questions as to the relationship between nuclear facility emissions, low level doses of radiation, and health outcomes such as cancer are still contested as people residing near nuclear power facilities are more likely to be exposed to multiple environmental stressors, such as industrial/urban pollution, agricultural pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizer, and smoking. Currently, the National Academy of Sciences's Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board at the request of the NRC, is conducting an assessment of cancer risks near United States nuclear power facilities (12). …


A general procedure is introduced allowing for the infinite decomposition of nonlocal operators off the light--cone into operators of definite geometric twist.


We report observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope regarding the frequency of 24 μm excess emission toward Sun-like stars. Our unbiased sample is composed of 309 stars with masses 0.7-2.2 M☉ and ages from <3 Myr to >3 Gyr that lack excess emission at wavelengths ≤8 μm. We identify 30 stars that exhibit clear evidence of excess emission from the observed 24 μm/8 μm flux ratio. The implied 24 μm excesses of these candidate debris disk systems range from 13% (the minimum detectable) to more than 100% compared to the expected photospheric emission. The frequency of systems with evidence for dust debris emitting at 24 μm ranges from 8.5%-19% at ages <300 Myr to <4% for older stars. The results suggest that many, perhaps most, Sun-like stars might form terrestrial planets.


The language as an instrument of political consciousness forming of citizens is regarded in this article which embraces both as sphere of philosophy as spheres of linguistics and sociology. On the examples of works of art and also messages of native and foreign mass media we disrobe the methods of influence on political consciousness of society with help of language means.


Objective
To study the role of mTOR - autophagy signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy of rats.

Methods
The SD rats were divided into the normal group and the control group, and the control group was constructed type 2 diabetic nephropathy model with streptozocin. 8 weeks later, we tested body weight, kidney weight, urine trace albumin, blood biochemical item of the rats. Glomerulus and renal tubule were observed by light microscopy. The renal LC3A/B and p-S6 expression were tested by Western blot.

Results
Diabetic rats model was established successfully. We found weight loss, kidney weight increase, blood sugar, triglyceride, and urea nitrogen increased, but the cholesterol and albumin decreased, urine trace albumin increased in the control group; the glomerulus hypertrophied, mesangial membrane cell proliferation and mesangial matrix increased; Western blot found that kidney tissues autophagy activity of diabetic rats significantly decreased as the LC3A/B decreased; mTOR was activated, because the p-S6 level increased.

Conclusions
mTOR activation and autophagy ability decline are found in the diabetic nephropathy, mTOR - autophagy signaling pathway may be one of the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

Key words:
Diabetic nephropathy; mTOR; Autophagy


SiOx films were deposited from a mixture of tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) and oxygen on poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) film using ion-assisted plasma polymerization technique (Method II) and conventional plasma polymerization technique (Method I), and were compared in chemical composition and gas barrier properties. Methods I and II were different in electrical circuit between electrodes (anode and cathode) and electric power supply. In Method I, the anode electrode was grounded, and the cathode electrode was coupled to the discharge power supply. In Method II, the anode electrode was connected with the discharge power supply, and the cathode electrode was grounded. There was not large difference in SiOx deposition rate between the plasma polymerizations by Methods I and II. Plasma polymers deposited from TMOS/O2 mixtures by Method II possessed smaller C/Si and O/Si atomic ratios than those deposited by Method I and showed advantage in gas barrier properties. The oxygen and water vapor permeation rates were 0.08–0.13 cm3 m−2 day−1 atm−1 at 30°C at 90% RH and 0.244–0.276 g m−2 day−1 at 40°C at 90% RH, respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that the ion-assisted plasma polymerization is a useful technique for deposition of gas barrier SiOx thin films. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 915–925, 2007


The present book includes selected papers from the 2012 International Conference on Information Technology and Management Innovation (ICITMI 2012), held in Guangzhou, from 10 to 11 November 2012. These selected papers reflect the interdisciplinary nature of the conference and the diversity of topics is an important feature of this conference, enabling an overall perception of several important scientific and technological trends.


Uniform Commercial Code Article 9 generally follows the common-law principle that one cannot give rights in property that one does not have (nemo dat quod non habet). In many circumstances, however, Article 9's priority rules, including its rule awarding priority to the first security interest that is perfected or as to which a financing statement has been filed, trump nemo dat and enable a debtor to grant a senior security interest in property that the debtor previously had encumbered. In this article, Professors Steven Harris and Charles Mooney argue that, properly understood, the first-to-file-or-perfect rule confers upon a debtor the power to create a security interest in accounts and other rights to payment that the debtor has already sold and in which it retains no interest. In doing so, they take issue with Professor Thomas Plank, whose argument to the contrary appeared in the February 2013 issue of The Business Lawyer.


The author proposes an image coding algorithm that effectively combines irregular subsampling and Delaunay triangulation. A set of sampling points in the image is selected in an incremental manner and used to construct a Delaunay triangulation. Each triangular region is then approximated using linear interpolation. The coding scheme is based on run-length coding (RLC). The incremental selection of the sampling points takes into account the image contents. The results show that the algorithm is robust and superior to JPEG at low bit rates of 0.20 bpp and 0.10 bpp.


This correspondence presents entropy analyses for dithered and undithered quantized sources. Two methods are discussed that reduce the increase in entropy caused by the dither. The first method supplies the dither to the lossless encoding-decoding scheme. It is argued that this increases the complexity of the encoding-decoding scheme. A method to reduce this complexity is proposed. The second method is the usage of a dead-zone quantizer. A procedure for determining the optimal dead-zone width in the mean-square sense is given.


On the basis of feeding the same feedstuffs, healthy Hy-Line variety brown were divided into 2 groups randomly. One group of layer chicken was given 25% bioactive water (testing group) and the other group tap water (control group). The effect of bioactive water on the productive performance and the egg quality was studied. The results showed that the bioactive water could increase the production performance and egg quality, improve the healthy of the chicken, increase the economic benefits and decrease the rate of soft and broken eggs.


THE SANITARY ENGINEERING PROBLEMS OF WATER SUPPLY AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL IN NEW YORK CITY' THE Section on Public Health of the New York Academy of Medicine is formed at a peculiarly opportune time. Never before has sanitary information of a reliable, authentic character been so much desired by the public, nor so difficult for the public to obtain. Our great universities have, for the most part, failed to recognize the vast popular and educational value which would attach to the establishment of adequate facilities for teaching sanitary science, hygiene, public health or preventive medicine, as that body of knowledge which relates to the prevention of disease is variously termed, a.nd have left this kind of teaching largely to the newspapers and to the general practitioner of medicine. Unfortunately, physicians do not always appreciate their importance as sanitary teachers. It is in consequence of this that vast stores oif scientific facts which are being constantly collected, and which bear upon the causes and ways of preventing disease,


This study used an experimental method that aims to determine the effectiveness of "buku pintar penulisan skripsi" in overcoming barriers to students so as to reduce student procrastination to the thesis. Respondents in this study were two students of the Faculty of Psychology UNM. The results of this study indicate that, "buku pintar penulisan skripsi" could reduce student procrastination in all aspects of the thesis, although not all aspects of a significant decline. Factors that cause changes to the thesis procrastination is not significant in every aspect is the thesis supervisor, and addicted to playing games on the students.


BACKGROUND
Alzheimer's disease (AD) brings heavy burden to society and family. There is an urgent need to find effective methods for disease diagnosis and treatment. The robust rank aggregation (RRA) approach that could aggregate the resulting gene lists has been widely utilized in genomic data analysis.

OBJECTIVE
To identify hub genes using RRA approach in AD.

METHODS
Seven microarray datasets in frontal cortex from GEO database were used to identify differential expressed genes (DEGs) in AD patients using RRA approach. STRING was performed to explore the protein-to-protein interaction (PPI). Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were utilized for enrichment analysis. Human Gene Connectome and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used for functional annotation. Finally, the expression levels of hub genes were validated in the cortex of 5xFAD mice by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS
After RRA analysis, 473 DEGs (216 upregulated and 257 downregulated) were identified in AD samples. PPI showed that DEGs had a total of 416 nodes and 2750 edges. These genes were divided into 17 clusters, each of which contains at least three genes. After functional annotation and enrichment analysis, TAC1 is identified as the hub gene and may be related to synaptic function and inflammation. In addition, Tac1 was found downregulated in cortices of 5xFAD mice.

CONCLUSION
In the current study, TAC1 is identified as a key gene in the frontal cortex of AD, providing insight into the possible pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for this disease.


Upon personal reflection, I have discovered that economic, cultural, and social issues have become very important in my life. As an Iranian graphic designer, I used current events and responded to Iranian stories to reflect that people's problems anywhere in the world affect other people's lives worldwide. My thesis investigation aims to reveal the global connection with commodities by focusing on Iran's economic inflation to create a conceptual and visual representation of impacted consumables. Persian rugs and tile designs are the centers of the culture and symbols of the Iranian people. I used graphic design to illustrate tiles utilizing economic consumables, Persian typographic patterns, and geometric style. I shared a strategy regarding chaos theory and fractals that challenges the audience to contemplate commodities and perceive the worldwide connection and direct and indirect impacts of each other.


Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Sweden. To be able to treat the disease it is important that it is detected at an early stage. In Sweden, women between 40 and 74 years are regularly offered screening with mammography to detect abnormalities in their breasts. The mammograms give the radiologist a good image of the breasts' appearances, but it is difficult to detect structures that are covered by overlaying breast tissue, which are thus not seen in the image. To visualize structures hidden within the tissue and to see structures at different depths in the breast, breast tomosynthesis can be used. Breast tomosynthesis gives a three-dimensional image of the breast. In order to obtain the three-dimensional image, the breast is scanned in an angle of for example 50° and 25 projections of the breast are acquired. This can be reconstructed into a 3D image stack of the breast. To give an overview of what is shown in the corresponding tomosynthesis stack, the data can be reconstructed into a single synthetic mammogram. In this project, a quantitative comparison has been done between synthetic mammograms and conventional mammograms to investigate similarities and differences. The ultimate goal was to examine if it could be possible to use synthetic mammograms to compare to prior synthetic mammograms in order to track changes in the breast over time, when screening for breast cancer, just as conventional mammograms are used today. If that would be possible, the synthetic mammograms can provide a good overview of the breast, additionally the image stack acquired from breast tomosynthesis would give the radiologist the possibility to examine the breast in detail. The results showed that the synthetic mammograms were similar to conventional mammograms in one out of three aspects, the breast area density. Another comparison of the three was to use Transpara, an AI software, to examine the mammograms. This indicated similarities but there is still not enough evidence to draw conclusions. The last method of the three indicated significant differences in the frequency content, thus different structures were visible in the two types of mammograms. To conclude, synthetic mammograms and conventional mammograms are quite similar, but there are still improvements to be done before being able to state that they are equivalent. (Less)


This paper discusses the possible chemical reactions and its condition of Tungsten Rhenium thermocouple in nitrogen gas at high temperature containing graphite by thermodynamic calculation and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) test. The results show that the complicated chemical reactions among nitrogen gas, graphite and W-Re are the reasons of W-Re thermocouple failure at high temperature. In the assemble process of Tungsten Rhenium thermocouple, it is not suitable for SiC to be used as insulated materials for W-Re thermocouple and tries to avoid the crossed contamination among graphite quartz sand and W-Re.


Combining ability analysis using the line × tester design was conducted during 1999-2000 between 5 female parents comprising well-adapted varieties, viz 'LRA 5166', 'Anjali', 'RS 810', 'H 1098' and 'PIL 8' and 15 genetically diverse male parents ('PKV Rajat', 'Khandwa 2', Khandwa 121', 'Surabhi', 'G.Cot'16, 'H 1222', 'LH 1911', 'IH 63', 'Reba B 50', 'CISCB 6', 'CISCB 7', 'CISCB 10', 'CISCB 11', 'CISCB 27' and 'CISCB 31') to generate a total of 80 hybrids. The combining ability variances revealed that variances due to lines, testers and lines × testers were significant for all the traits studied except due to lines × testers for number of monopods and boll weight. There was greater contribution of lines towards variance for general combining ability (O 2 gca) for all the traits. On the basis of variance for specific combining ability (O 2 sca) effect for seed-cotton yield in relation to significant positive heterosis over better parent and best parent for yield revealed that the crosses, viz 'RS 810' × 'PKV Rajat', 'RS 810' × 'CNH 911', 'PIL 8' × 'Reba B 50', 'PIL 8' × 'CISCB 6' and 'H1098' × 'Surabhi' exhibited highest magnitude of positive significant specific combining ability (sca) effect for seed-cotton yield/plant along with positive significant specific combining ability (sca) effects for other directly contributing characters.


Frequency-selective readout for superconducting qubits opens up the way towards scaling qubit circuits without increasing the number of measurement lines. Here we demonstrate the readout of an array of 7 flux qubits located on the same chip using a single measurement line. Each qubit is placed near an individual λ/4 resonator which, in turn, is coupled to a common microwave transmission line. We performed spectroscopy and coherent manipulation of all qubits and determined their parameters in a single measurement run.


Maritime heritage is represented on two contrasting sites in the port city of Fremantle. This account of their development is from Dr Ian MacLeod, executive director of the Fremantle Museums and Maritime Heritage division of the Western Australian Maritime Museum.


The authors model the decomposition reaction of a solid powder into a solid plus gas in a mixed homogeneous open solar reactor and derive criteria for stability. Instability may occur via a feedback mechanism whereby gas produced in the decomposition reaction reduces the inflow, which leads to even higher reaction rate. For a variety of reactions proposed for solar application, the authors list the limits of stable operation as the maximum fraction of solid educt in the input carrier gas both for complete as well as for partial decomposition.


The present invention discloses a method based on fractal alternating impedance of the microstrip line breast MRI RF coil, said RF coil by a multi-channel magnetic resonance microstrip line composed of a microstrip line of the multi-channel arranged in a conical surface, a paraboloid or hemispherical shape, comprises a single dielectric substrate microstrip line channel (1), the metal ground plate and the patch (2), said ground plane is provided on the dielectric substrate (1) the back surface, a metal patch (2) provided a front dielectric substrate (1), said metal patch (2) as a width alternately arranged. Configuration of the present invention, the impedance of the microstrip line are alternately applied to the design of the magnetic resonance coil lumen, the coil on the axial direction of the long axis of the microstrip line made of alternating high and low impedance shape, the major axis of the coil magnetic field in the axial direction thereof It will become more uniform, improving the uniformity of the magnetic field, thus contributing to a magnetic resonance imaging to improve the image sharpness.


Objective To explore the influence of plateau medicine and food plant Brassica rapa ether extract on subacute aging mice immune organ weight index,serum malondialdehyde( MDA),superoxide dismutase( SOD),liver tissue glutathione peroxidase( GSH- PX) level. Methods Having established the aging model by the cervical subcutaneous injection of 10% D- galactose 10 ml / kg,mixed the homemade plateau plant Brassica rapa ether extract,the subacute aging mice had been fed at high dose40g / kg per day orally,the dose 30g / kg per day and low dose 20g / kg per day and VE and saline as control group for 42 days. Afterwards,the mice were killed to test malondialdehyde( MDA),glutathione peroxidase( GSH- PX),superoxide dismutase( SOD) and immune organ weight index. Results Brassica rapa ether extract group and the vitamin E positive drug group can significantly improve the D- galactose on serum superoxide dismutase( SOD) activity( P 0. 01),significantly reduce malondialdehyde( MDA) content( P 0. 01) and also can improve liver tissue glutathione( GSH- PX) activity( P 0. 01),thus increasing its antioxidant activity,reducing lipid peroxidation,promoting aging mice thymic growth,enhancing the body 's immunity.Brassica rapa of high dose and dose ether extract curative effect is good. Conclusion plateau plant Brassica rapa ether extract shows a good anti- aging action on the subacute aging model induced by D- galactose.


The expediency of applying the reagent method for wastewater treatment of industrial enterprises containing Cr 6+ under conditions of real production using water-soluble salts of Pb 2+ with the formation of a poorly soluble salt of PbCrO 4 was used as a precipitating agent. The effect of temperature and mixing intensity on the chemical deposition of PbCrO 4 in the H 2 CrO 4 -Pb(CH 3 COO) 2 -H 2 O system is studied. A solution of Н 2 CrО 4 with a concentration of 100 mg/l (in terms of Cr (IV)), which models a typical wash water of the first stage of washing of the process of electrochemical chromium plating, was used as a starting material. An aqueous solution of lead oxalate saturated at 20°C was used as a precipitant (30,7 g/100 g of water). The precipitating solution was dosed once to chromium (VI) - containing solution, based on the following molar ratios: stoichiometric amount (100%) and an excess of 120 and 150% to form lead chromate. The temperature was maintained at the level of: 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 °С, and the rotation speed of the mixer shaft was maintained at the levels: 0 (without mixing), 1.4; 2; 2.5 and 3 rpm. After dosing the precipitator solution, the resulting suspensions were kept under stirring and at the set temperature for 60 minutes and defended with a parallel sedimentation analysis. Studies have established that at a temperature of 20 ÷ 30 ° C and an excess of the precipitating reagent solution of 20 ÷ 50%, it is possible to obtain residual Cr 6+ concentrations in purified solutions close to the MPC level. The most optimal mixing speed of suspensions is 1.5 ÷ 2 rpm. This mixing intensity helps to increase the separation rate of the resulting suspensions, allows one to obtain a PbCrO 4 precipitate with particle sizes of 1.4–1.6 μm, and does not increase the residual Cr 6+ concentration in purified solutions. With increasing excess of precipitant, the growth rate of PbCrO 4 crystals decreases compared to the rate of nucleation. Thus, the feasibility of using an aqueous solution of Pb(CH 3 COO) 2 as a precipitating reagent for the purification of Cr 6+ -containing wastewater from electrochemical plants has been shown.


Abstract The study and contextualisation of one early twentieth-century fancy dress costume from The John Bright Collection, London, provides an opportunity to challenge the socialised assumption that fancy dress costume is a short-lived, skill-less and superficial spectacle. Like many examples of this sartorial form, the Good Luck dress examined here shares characteristics with clothing termed, with little hesitation, luxury.


Bach Flower Therapy is one of the many means to help treat mental health issues. It is absolutely natural as the therapy involves flowers carefully selected from the wild, each made suitable for a specific mental health issue such as depression, anxiety, stress, lack of confidence, guilt and many more. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of Bach Flower Therapy on stress. Referring to few interviews irrespective of one's background the cause of the issues were found in order to treat them by providing Bach Flower Remedies. World Health Organisation (WHO) labels India as the 'most depressing country', despite of having therapies to reduce these issues we are yet, not taking mental health seriously. However, it is often believed that curing negative thoughts and emotions on everything is the first step to heal ourselves. This is one of the main objectives of Flower Therapy. This study serves purpose to heal people suffering from mental health issues, which might help India stay mentally fit.


This paper analyzes the welfare effects of a host-country tariff in the presence of endogenous transfer prices. The high transfer price and the low transfer price scenarios are analyzed in the presence of "arm's length" restraints on a foreign multinational. The welfare analysis decomposes the various elements which influence the tariff rate. Under the high transfer price regime the host country's wel- fare maximizing tariff is negatively related to the foreign price elasticity of demand for the multinational's product, and under the low transfer price regime it is related positively to the slope of the multinational's cost curves in the foreign country. Further, under arm's length restraints, it is never optimal for the host country to charge the "critical" tariff rate at which the multinational is indifferent between a low or a high transfer price. [F13, F23]


Purpose: Assessment of perpapillary and macular vessels density estimated with OCTAngiography in glaucoma patients and effect of intra ocular pressure reduction on them in 0, 1, 3, 6 months. Patients and methods: This is a prospective observational study that included 40 eyes of 35 patients with glaucoma (open, closed angles) at Sohag Investigation Center from April 2018 to April 2021. The study population underwent 4.5×4.5 MM scans centered on the optic nerve head & 3×3 MM scans centered on the macula using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) (RTVue XR Avanti Optovue, Fremont, CA) for measuring the perpapillary vascular density, RNFL thickness, GCL thickness and macular vascular density in glaucomatous eyes before and after treatment by 1, 3 months and 6 months. Results: Mean age of the study population was 42.6 years with SD 12.29 years and range from 30 to 63 years. There was a significant reduction of IOP from (30.075 ± 8.3939 mmHg) at baseline to maximum reduction at 6 months (17.175 ± 3.257 mmHg, P = <0.001). There was a non-significant increase in thickness peripapillary RNFL & GCL from baseline to 6 months following IOP reduction (P = 0.479, 0.234 respectively). There was a slight significant increase in thickness of the superior, inferior, temporal, nasal peripapillary vascular density (more significant in superior and nasal quadrants) & laminal vascular density (VD ID) from baseline to 6 months post treatment (P = 0.01, 0.019, 0.046, 0.032, 0.003) & there was a significant increase of macular VD in response to IOP reduction at 1, 3, 6 months (P = 0.054). There was found a strong significant correlation between all these items improvement with IOP reduction. Conclusion: IOP has a closed relation with macular and ONH vascularity that prove that vascular insult has a close relation of development or prognosis of glaucoma. OCTA is the new novel era that allows early diagnosis and good follow up for glaucoma patients.


The core strength training is the controlling factors in the basic postures and movements of sports aerobics,which is very important for the competitors to stabilize their spine and pelvis,to maintain their correct body gesture and coordinate their balance to improve the competitors' speed,strength,difficulty and performance.the core strength training methods mainly aim at small deep trunk muscles in the unbalanced state of various loads of training.


Microelectronics technology today is dominated exclusively by Silicon (Si). The inefficiency of Si to emit light even at cryogenic temperatures has been overcome with the discovery of porous silicon (PS) and its visible luminescence at room temperature. The present investigation aims at analysing the effect of increasing porosity on the transport properties of porous silicon with reference to field and temperature–dependent dark and photo conductivity and further substantiating the results with modulation techniques. Pure silicon wafer of n–type was made porous by immersion in an appropriate etchant for a few minutes. The conductivity was found to increase as porosity increased and this effect could be attributed to the increase in the trap levels, with increasing porosity. Temperature–dependent studies reveal a decrease in activation energy with increase in porosity indicating an increase in conductivity. Reflectance and electroreflectance measurements were used to calculate the band gap of porous silicon. It was found to lie closer to the direct band gap of silicon. A reduction in the band gap of porous silicon has been observed.


Urban development in Poland was endowed with its regional specificity: Polish culture had a landowning and rural character throughout the whole of the Middle Ages until almost the midtwentieth century. The network of cities shaped at that time matched the needs of economy and rural settlements. In the Renaissance period this network was modified with innovations coming from the west that concerned social life, economic and cultural functions, as well as legal solutions, which made it possible to isolate people living "in line with urban law" in the social structure of a city. (Gieysztor, 1994) In Poland, the moderate growth of cities from the mid-seventeenth century was accompanied by a decline in their political and legal status imposed by "gentry democracy". Gentry represented the cultural, political and economic aspirations, while the bourgeoisie was often treated with suspicion, as competitors to power and privilege. As a result the cities were developing significantly more slowly than cities in Western Europe due to institutional barriers and to the social and geographical mobility of the peasantry which was restricted by serfdom. In addition, the economic slump and military defeats in


Many early elementary classroom teachers have difficulty finding reading material that will supplement a basal reader. Because the thoughts and actions of young children often revolve around their own personal interests and experiences, classroom teachers are bombarded by students anxious to relate what to them are momentous happenings. Children are vitally concerned with themselves; why not take advantage of this enthusiasm and build it into a learning experience? Why not have your children write their own stories? NEW LIFE FOR A READING PROGRAM Alice Pietryka & Norma Searle TEKONSHA COMMUNITY SCHOOLS Many early elementary classroom teachers have difficulty finding reading material that will supplement a basal reader. Because the thoughts and actions of young children often revolve around their own personal interests and experiences, classroom teachers are bombarded by students anxious to relate what to them are momentous happenings. Children are vitally concerned with themselves; why not take advantage of this enthusiasm and build it into a learning experience? Why not have your children write their own stories? The process of writing stories can begin in kindergarten. It would be effective for the kindergarten teacher to accumulate a collection of pictures which would be of particular interest to children in her classroom. For example, pictures of animals, forms, race cars, airplanes, bodies of water, slums, industrial areas, or mountainous scenes could be included. To involve the child further, the teacher may suggest that each child bring a picture from a newspaper, magazine, children's book or comic book which he likes. When each child has either chosen or supplied himself with a picture, the exciting process of composing a sentence about it can begin. The teacher must realize that this first sentence v.rill reflect the home background and oral experiences of the child and may be quite "crude" at first. The following is a suggested procedure by which to elicit these first sentences: 1. The teacher discusses each child's picture with him. 2. The child and the teacher compose a sentence with which the child is happy. 3. The teacher carefully prints the sentence, reading it slowly as she writes. 4. The child and the teacher read the sentence together. 5. The child reads the sentence aloud to the teacher. As the teacher is working with other children, the child can paste his picture and sentence on a colorful piece of construction paper. In developing this program further, the class could compose a story about a picture, have the teacher perform the mechanics of writing it, and then all could "read" the resulting composition. Typically, the first grade is considered the grade level at which the child learns to read. The child begins first grade expecting to learn to read. Too often he leaves disappointed. To fulfill the child's desire


DEPENDENCY THEORISTS2 generally take a very pessimistic and often (implicitly) critical view of the role that is possible for the national bourgeoisie in Third World countries. In fact, the analysis of economic dependency rests in large part on the assumption that various local groups in less developed countries have no choice but to collaborate with Western capital. Moreover, it is believed that the considerable benefits they receive from collusion and compromise give them every interest in seeing that the state of dependency continues. Included within the general category of the collaborating national bourgeoisie are local business groups. The discussion in this paper will focus on indigenous businessmen in private enterprise and will examine the question of how far they can be said to fulfill the 'comprador' role allotted to them by dependency theory. The discussion is oriented towards the situation in Africa.


Objective
To observe the multimodal imaging characteristics of choroidal metastasis.

Methods
A retrospective clinical observation study. From January 2016 to November 2018, 28 patients with choroidal metastasis diagnosed in Department of Ophthalmology in the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province were included in the study. There were 12 males and 16 females, with the mean age of 50.8±6.9 years. There were 18 unilateral patients and 10 bilateral patients. The lesion of choroidal metastasis was regressed after systemic antitumor therapy in 3 patients (4 eyes). All patients underwent ultra-wide-angle fundus photography, infrared fundus imaging, fundus autofluorescence, FFA, frequency-domain OCT, and B-ultrasound examinations.

Results
In the ultra-wide-angle fundus photography, metastatic tumors were located in the posterior or middle part of the retina, of which 26 were isolated lesions and 12 were multifocal. A yellow-white bulge lesion with (11 eyes) or without pigmentation (27 eyes). There were 12 eyes with exudative retinal detachment. Infrared photography of the fundus showed that the tumor area showed varying degrees of mottled brightness change, and the infrared photograph of the exudative retinal detachment area was relatively low. Fundus autofluorescence showed that 14 eyes had plaque-like strong autofluorescence in the tumor, 13 eyes had a mottled autofluorescence formed by strong and weak fluorescence in the tumor; 3 eyes of old lesions showed "leopard-like" autofluorescence. Among the 38 eyes in the fluorescein angiography, 32 eyes of the early lesions showed low fluorescence, and the venous phase showed a needle-like high fluorescence point, and the post-leakage fluorescence gradually increased. Two eyes with old lesions showed a "leopard-like" change. In 38 eyes, OCT showed wavy ridges of the choroid and pigment epithelium, and a large number of fine-grained or cluster-like high-reflector accumulations were observed between the retinal neuroepithelial layer and the pigment epithelial layer. B-ultrasound showed substantial lesions in the posterior pole and uniform internal echo. There were 23 eyes with flat shape, 12 eyes with flat hemisphere, and 3 eyes with irregular shape.

Conclusions
Color photography of the fundus showed the size, location, pigmentation and peripheral retinopathy of the metastatic lesions. Infrared photography showed different reflex signals in the tumor, exudation, and atrophy. The autofluorescence of the fundus showed the damage of pigment epithelium in the lesion. In the fluorescein angiography, the fresh tumor showed fluorescence leakage, while the atrophic tumor showed transmitted fluorescenc. OCT reflected the height of the lesion and the change of pigment epithelium.

Key words:
Choroid neoplasms/diagnosis; Fluorescein angiography; Tomography, optical coherence; Multimodal imaging characteristics


An energy discriminating apparatus and method is disclosed for use in connection with digital radiography and fluoroscopy. In use of the detection system and method an x-ray source is actuated to direct x-rays through a patient's body, the x-rays including both higher and lower energy radiation. A first detector element (22), including a plurality of segments, is positioned opposite the source to receive and respond predominantly to x-rays in a lower energy range, the remaining x-rays, being generally of higher energy, passing through the first detector element. A second detector element (24), also including a plurality of segments, each segment including a phosphor coating layer (26, 28) and a sensor (30, 32), is positioned to receive and respond to the higher energy radiation passing through the first element. The sensors are coupled respectively to each detector element segment for substantially simultaneously sensing the response and spatial location, relative to the detector elements, of radiation to which each detector element respectively responds. A filter element (36) is interposed between the first and second detectors to enhance discrimination in the energy response of the respective detector elements. Particular preferred detector phosphor materials are identified. The sensors produce separately and simultaneously information representing patterns of relatively lower and higher energy emergent from the patient's body. Digital data processing and conversion equipment responds to the sensors to produce digital information representing each of said images, which can be digitally processed to enhance image characteristics.


This thesis uses regression to analyse the relationship between domestic total output value and the investment in fixed assets.And then it illustrates the mechanism that investment in fixed assets promotes economical growth.


The paper presents some essential differences between analytical measurements and measurements of physical quantities. The rules of accuracy presentation are also not the same. Additionally they are incoherent. It creates a great confusion which ought to be overcome by close cooperation of NMI's, accreditation institutions and international


Abstract Serving in an interim leadership role can be a great way to gain experience, but can also be stressful, negative, or traumatic for interim library leaders at the middle management level. In this exploratory mixed-methods study, researchers conducted a national survey and semistructured interviews of interim middle managers from public and academic libraries to explore the personal and professional impact of their interim role and recommend ways to improve the interim experience. The study revealed effects on individual well-being such as increased stress, but also increased confidence and positive career outcomes, particularly for librarians with a prior interest in leadership.


The usage of public Wi-Fi hotspots has become a common routine in our everyday life. They are ubiquitous and offer fast and budget-friendly connectivity for various client devices. However, they are exposed to a severe security threat: since 802.11 identifiers (SSID, BSSID) can be easily faked, an attacker can setup an evil twin, i.e., an access point (AP) that users are unable to distinguish from a legitimate one. Once a user connects to the evil twin, he inadvertently creates a playground for various attacks such as collection of sensitive data (e.g., credit card information, passwords) or man-in-the-middle attacks even on encrypted traffic. It is particularly alarming that this security flaw has led to the development of several tools that are freely available, easy to use and allow mounting the attack from commodity client devices such as laptops, smartphones or tablets without attracting attention. In this paper we provide a detailed overview of tools that have been developed (or can be misused) to set up evil twin APs. We inspect them thoroughly in order to identify characteristics that allow them to be distinguished from legitimate hardware-based access points. Our analysis has discovered three methods for detecting software-based APs. These exploit accuracy flaws due to emulation of hardware behavior or peculiarities of the client Wi-Fi hardware they operate on. Our evaluation with 60 hardware APs and a variety of tools on different platforms reveals enormous potential for reliable detection. Furthermore, our methods can be performed on typical client hardware within a short period of time without even connecting to a potentially untrustworthy access point.


This paper examines the reaction of professionals and politicians to specific examples of proposals for new public transport systems that entail elevated structures in central areas. When the resurgence of interest in new public transport began in the 1960's, new systems were presented as futuristic, with light airy structures that could readily be fitted into established cities. However, several factors led to a reaction against elevated structures including: difficulties in finding space for elevated stations, particularly in areas where re-development was not expected; difficulties in locating stations at the points of greatest convenience for potential users; difficulties in providing easy access to platforms. This became particularly significant after the lobbying by groups of disabled people grew in importance.


In central Michigan this spring, the collapse of the Edenville Dam caused thousands of structural losses and the evacuation of over 10,000 residents in three communities.


This study aims to produce a three dimensional encoded multimedia learning media for primary schools that are valid, practical and effective towards learning outcomes. The subjects of the study were students of grade VI of elementary school. This learning media is developed through three stages namely requirements analysis, design, development and implementation stages. To see the validity of the practicality expert evaluation is used one-on-one evaluation and small group evaluation, while to see the effectiveness used field tests. The results showed an expert evaluation of 4.34 with very valid criteria. One to one results are suggestions and comments. The results of the small group show an average of 3.8 or 76% means the response of students is positive. Learning outcomes obtained an average of 85.86. By using expert evaluations, one-on-one evaluations, small group evaluations, and field tests, it was concluded that the three-dimensional coded multimedia learning media for elementary schools that were developed were valid, practical, and had effectiveness in learning outcomes.


From testing fat in sausages to dissecting the proteome of the lung-infecting fungus Cryptococcus gattii - it's been quite a journey for Associate Professor Ben Herbert, one of the speakers at the upcoming AOHUPO/PRICPS conference. (editor abstract)


The theoretical relationship between the spectral density function and the probability distribution of crossings for a stationary random function with Gaussian distribution has been used to calculate these distributions from spectra measured experimentally. The distributions so obtained are shown
to compare well with distributions measured directly from the experimental data, the measured distributions being approximately Gaussian and the experimental data behaving approximately in the manner of e. stationary random process.


The December 1996 issue of Development, being a separate volume of the journal, is unusual in that it is entirely dedicated to developmental studies in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). It contains original research articles documenting the results of international research efforts to identify and functionally describe genes that regulate development in zebrafish. The majority of research contributions to this volume are from the research groups at the Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA and the Max-Planck Institute for Developmental Biology in Tübingen, Germany. However, these two groups also collaborated heavily with some of the most renowned centers in this particular field of developmental research throughout the world (e.g., Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA; ICRF Developmental Biology Unit, Oxford, UK; Department of Biology, University of California, La Jolla, USA; Institute of Zoology, University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg). This volume represents a highly organized and valuable description of the genes that play major roles in the succinct steps during the early stages of zebrafish development. The arrangement of this volume is veritable proof that science is not only challenging and interesting but rather that it can be a lot of fun. Indeed, the articles follow the steps in zebrafish development, while the top right edge of every page displays a small picture of a minute sequence in zebrafish development leading to a flipbook of zebrafish embryogenesis. This flipbook animation of zebrafish embryogenesis is explained in more detail at the end of the volume by Karlstrom and Kane. Furthermore, giving specific mutant phenotypes rather distinct names (e.g. van gogh, obelix, dackel, ding, crocodile, goosepimples, kurzschluss, quasimodo, zombie), facilitates the association of mutants with a given stage or function during embryogenesis. This volume will permit even the non-developmental scientist a good understanding of the matter at hand, while supplying the expert in the field with an array of cutting edge technology and in-depth information.


In societies based on flood recession agriculture in arid regions, economic stratification, institutionalized ways of sloughing off population, and common property are particularly valuable risk management options. Using ethnographic data from the Senegal River Basin and historical data from the Nile Valley, I argue that tendencies toward stratification were inherent in riverine societies practicing flood recession agriculture. Thus, early stratification occurred long before population pressure reached significant levels and well before regional trade, extensive storage capacity, or elaborate water-management infrastructure became economically significant. The article is intended to help explain why a number of civilizations developed in arid riverine contexts.


Abstract This paper presents the effect of temperature on the electrical fatigue behavior of barium calcium zirconate titanate (Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3) ceramics. Fatigue degradation and its practical applications are a significant problem in piezo/ferroelectric ceramics. Fatigue-induced domain orientations, physical damage or microcracking, and defects were studied using, X-ray diffraction (XRD), synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The remnant polarization (Pr) decreased with the number of fatigue cycles, and the rate at which the decrease occurred was different for different fatigue temperatures. The weak and strong domain wall pinning effects played a major role in the Pr value with respect to the fatigue cycles. The sharp rise of Ec value at 5 × 103 cycles and the abrupt decrease of Ec values after 5 × 104 cycles could be due to the field screening effect and heat recovery of pinned domains. The abrupt decrease of Pr values after 5 × 105 cycles could be due to physical damage near the electrode interface region, and the same physical damage decreased with the increase in fatigue temperature. The near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) study was utilized to evaluate the oxygen-related defect concentration.


The correlation and spectral analysis methods for uniformly sampled stationary random signals, estimation of their spectral moments, and problems arising due to nonstationary are reviewed. Some of these methods are already in routine use in atmospheric radar experiments. Other methods based on the maximum entropy principle and time series models have been used in analyzing data, but are just beginning to receive attention in the analysis of radar signals. These methods are also briefly discussed.


Proteins are complex macromolecules that perform vital functions in all living beings. They are composed of a chain of amino acids. The biological function of a protein is determined by the way it is folded into a specific tri-dimensional structure, known as native conformation. Understanding how proteins fold is of great importance to Biology, Biochemistry and Medicine. Considering the full analytic atomic model of a protein, it is still not possible to determine the exact tri-dimensional structure of real-world proteins, even with the most powerful computational resources. To reduce the computational complexity of the analytic model, many simplified models have been proposed. Even the simplest one, the bi-dimensional Hydrophobic-Polar (2D-HP) model (see Sect. 12.2.2), was proved to be intractable due to its NP-completeness. The current approach for studying the structure of proteins is the use of heuristic methods that, however, do not guarantee the optimal solution. Evolutionary computation techniques have been proved to be efficient for many engineering and computer science problems. This is also the case of unveiling the structure of proteins using simple lattice models. In this work the nature of the models used for the protein folding problem is reviewed, with special emphasis on discrete models. Also, we analyze how evolutionary computation techniques have been applied to solve it. Amongst these techniques, there are many different variants of genetic algorithms, besides ant colony optimization, differential evolution and artificial immune systems. This chapter is structured as follows: the remaining of this section introduces some basic aspects of amino acids and proteins, and presents the protein folding problem. Sect. 12.2 presents the several models for protein folding with special emphasis on a specific discrete model: the hydrophobic-polar. Sect. 12.3 is dedicated to the several computational approaches for the protein folding problem, from molecular dynamics and approximation algorithms to several evolutionary computation algorithms. Next, Sect. 12.4 presents challenging issues that limit current research. Finally, in Sect. 12.5 current trends for future research and the conclusion are presented.


The problem of pregnancy among some female Senior High School students in Ghana especially the Ketu South Municipality in the Volta Region of Ghana is the most grievous aspect of the complex of negative factors linked with underdevelopment as majority of the country's human resource is lost through school dropout as a result of students becoming pregnant.To avoid falling victim to this menace, some female students in the above-mentioned level of the educational ladder resulted to the use of three artificial contraception methods such as, Contraceptive Implants, Injectable Contraceptives and Oral Contraceptive Pills.These methods prevent ovaries from releasing eggs and obstructing sperm. This paper aims to study the composition, effectiveness and the negative effects of these methods as used by these students.


The diamond content in industrial deposits is varying: between 0.25 (Zarnitsa pipe) and 8.71 (Internatsyonalnaya pipe) ct/t in Yakutia, between 0.5 (M.V. Lomonosova pipe) and 1.72 (Karpinskogo-1 pipe). There is a largest diamond deposit – Udachnaya pipe with total weight of diamonds – 212591 ct. There are also numerous of placer diamond deposits in Russia, inlude unique placers in the Northern (Ebelyakh, Molodo, Morgogor, Talaktakh and others) and Central (Vodorazdelnye galechniki, Irelyakh, Gornoe, Solur-Vostochnaya, Ruchei Piropovyi, Nurbinskaya and others). The price per carat is also different for deposits: from 45 (Aikhal pipe) to >200 (Komsomolskaya pipe) $/ct, with forecast (2016-2030) average 135$/t (Micon, 2016). Fantasy colored high-value diamonds (reddish, green, yellow and others) are also presented in Russian diamond deposits. Every years several large crystalls (>50 ct/stone) recovered from kimberlitic pipes and placers in Russia including the biggest diamond 888.06 ct from Yubileynaya pipe (in 2013) (Fig. 1).


Cyberattacks on critical infrastructure facilities are becoming more complex, ranging from implementation into software codes and ending with powerful opportunities for indirect impact, for example, in the form of geodynamic threats. The maritime industry also suffers from cyberattacks. Information systems, equipment, remote control stations are available to hackers. They can obtain data about valuable cargoes and movement of ships taking them off course, making them run aground or even sinking them. This article elaborates the impact of various maritime cyber security standards. It covers multiple issues including blackmailing, extortion, taking-over ships at a distance. Messing with schedules, ship positioning and in and out traffic, and terminal operations also take place. Countermeasures must be calculated and worked out. It is recommended to have cyber-security drills and information security in maritime transport establishments.


WASHINGTON the official home of the Union welcomed the members for the twelfth time * during the week beginning November 14, 1927, on the occasion of the Forty-fifth Stated Meeting which proved to be the largest and one of the most successful meetings in the history of the Union. Business sessions were held at the headquarters, 'The Mayflower,' Connecticut Avenue and De Sales Street, N. W., and the public sessions in the U. S. National Museum. The various features of the meeting occupied six days, the first day being devoted to business, three days to public sessions and the last two days to excursions. Business Sessions:-The business sessions on Monday were held in the north room of 'The Mayflower' and included two sessions of the Council at 10 A. M. and 2 P. M., a meeting of the Fellows at 4 P. M., and a meeting of Fellows and Members at 8 P. M. At the meeting of the Fellows an amendment to the By-Laws was adopted extending membership in the class of Associates to residents of any country. Two vacancies in the class of Fellows caused by the death of L. A. Fuertes, and the transfer of Dr. R. W. Shufeldt to the Retired List in accordance with his request, were filled by the election of Edwin R. Kalmbach and James L. Peters. At the evening meeting 25 Fellows, 2 Honorary Fellows and 27 Members were present. Following the roll call and reading and approval of the Minutes of the previous meeting, the Report of the Secretary was presented, showing a total membership of


Increasingly, libraries are being required or are choosing to 'test the market' by putting their periodicals business out to competitive tender. In many cases, tender documents are of a poor quality and fail to address the peculiarities of our industry. This short article outlines some of the problems and offers some practical advice based on actual experience.


The improvement of the aerodynamic efficiency of gas turbine components is becoming more and more difficult to achieve. Nevertheless there are still some devices that could be improved to enhance engine performance. Further investigations on the internal air cooling systems, for instance, may lead to a reduction of cavities cooling air with a direct beneficial effect on engine performance. At the same time, further investigations on heat transfer mechanisms within turbine cavities may help to optimize cooling air flows saving engine life duration. This paper presents some CFD preliminary studies conducted on an two-stage axial turbine rig developed in a research programme on internal air systems funded by EU, named the Main Annulus Gas Path Interactions (MAGPI). Each turbine stage consists of 39 vanes and 78 rotating blades and the modelled domain includes both the main gas path of the two turbine stages and the second stator well. Pre experimental tests CFD computations were planned in order to point out the reliability of numerical models in the description of the flow patterns in the main annulus and in the cavities. Several computational meshes were considered with steady and unsteady approaches in order to assess the sensitivity to computational approach regarding the evaluation of the interactions between main annulus and disk cavities flows. Results were obtained for several cavities cooling air mass-flow rates and data were further analyzed to investigate the influence of the sealing flow inside the main annulus. MAGPI project is a 4 years Specific-Targeted-Research-Project (2007–2011) and its consortium includes six universities and nine gas turbines manufacturing companies. The project is focused on the analysis of interactions between primary and secondary air systems achieving a novel approach as these systems have, up to now, only been considered separately. In particular one of the tasks of the project will focus on heat transfer phenomena and delivering experimental data which will be used to validate the advanced design tools used by industries (CFD codes and correlative formulations).Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Objective Although Traditional Chinese Yijinjing Qigong Exercise (YJJQE) as mind–body intervention is popularly used among adults to ameliorate depressive symptoms in China, no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are available to evaluate the effects of YJJQE in patients with poststroke depression (PSD). This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy and the neurological and psychiatric mechanism in brain network functional connectivity underlying electroencephalography (EEG). Materials and methods A total of 60 patients, diagnosed with mild PSD, were randomly (1:1) assigned to YJJQE group (n = 30) and control group of routine segmental rehabilitation training group (n = 30) for a 60-min exercise session once a day for 3 weeks. All outcome measures were collected at baseline and 3-weeks ending intervention. The primary outcome was the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) score, evaluation at more time points for 1 month of follow-up. The secondary outcomes were EEG data in four frequency domains (δ, θ, α, and β), global efficiency (GE), local efficiency (LE), GE/LE curve [areas under the curve (AUC)], Phase Lag Index (PLI), (HAMD-24) Score and EEG correlation analysis. Results All patients showed no significant differences in baseline data. After 3 weeks and 1 month of follow-up, the YJJQE group demonstrated significant decreasing changes compared to the control group on the HAMD-24 scores (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the YJJQE group also showed a significant reduction in θ wave, and an increase in both GE and LE. Compared to the control group, the YJJQE Qigong group showed significantly greater functional connectivity in the δ, θ, and β frequency bands in the brain network of the degree of phase synchronization (p < 0.001). HAMD-24 Score and EEG correlation analysis negative correlation in the Qigong group θ wave (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that YJJQE is estimated to effectively alleviate the depressed mood of patients with PSD by promoting the efficiency in information transmission of network functional connectivity and its integration ability in different brain regions. Therefore, the YJJQE would be useful as a non-pharmacological treatment to prevent PSD. Clinical trial registration [http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=55789], identifier [ChiCTR2000035588].


In the mineral production of the Song Dynasty, Xiang Bing (soldiers) were in the hire of government, but they were compelled in obedience to the government; their production condition was most unfavorable, and some of them became soldiers for their offences. Because Xiang Bing's labor could settle the problem of labor shortage and could produce super profits to the ruler,this kind of production was managed by the government in a long time.


Does style matter for economic writing? Several stylistic characteristics of ninety-seven AEA presidential addresses, including word length, sentence length, and percent of sentences in the passive voice, were computed and used to explain citations to these economists' work. Avoidance of the passive is an old stylistic norm given by Adam Smith. Word length and sentence length serve as modern stylistic norms. Only the percent passive matters to explain citations. Perhaps not coincidentally, while writing clarity in the data set has declined over time when measured by the new norm, it has improved when measured by the old norm. Copyright 1994 by Oxford University Press.


Interest in plant growth regulators is mainly concerned with general or selective stimulation of growth. This is largely true of grass but there are large areas of grassland–-some 9.2 million ha in the United States alone–-where growth has to be controlled for amenity reasons: examples are parks, golf courses, roadside and railway verges, and industrial estates. The rising cost of fuel and labour for mowing favours the development of chemical agents for this purpose. This article reviews progress in this field, with special reference to mefluidide.


This project analyzed how "New Momism" (Douglas and Michaels 2004) is perpetuated among contemporary mothers. Previous work has argued that New Momism is most powerfully represented through the media. Our results indicate that New Momism is also practiced intensively on an interpersonal level via Michel Foucault's (1975) Panoptic stage of punishment: post-structuralist surveillance. We analyzed data from a snowball sample of 323 mothers through an online survey tool. Results indicate that while the media remains an important influence, the strongest predictors of New Momism are surveillance of fellow moms and surveillance of self through guilt. Results are discussed in light of Foucault's conceptualization of post-structuralist surveillance.


The single-phase self-driven synchronous rectification (SDSR) technique to multiphase ac-dc systems. Power MOSFETs with either voltageor current-sensing self-driven gate drives are used to replace the diodes in the rectifier circuits. The generalized methodology allows multiphase SDSRs to be designed to replace the multiphase diode rectifiers. Unlike the traditional SR that is designed for highfrequency power converters, the SDSR proposed here can be a direct replacement of the power diode bridges for both lowand high-frequency operations. The SDSR utilizes its output dc voltage to supply power to its control circuit. No start-up control is needed because the body diodes of the power MOSFETs provide the diode rectifier for the initial start-up stage. The generalized method is demonstrated in 2-kW one-phase and three-phase SDSRs for inductive, capacitive, and resistive loads. Power loss reduction in the range of 50%-69% has been achieved for the resistive load. In this project, a soft-switching buck power-factor-correction (PFC) converter for a high-efficiency AC-DC light-emitting diode (LED) driver is proposed. By replacing a freewheeling diode with a self-driven synchronous rectifier (SR), efficiency improvement is achieved due to the reduced conduction loss on the SR. In addition, there is no switching loss on switching devices because zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) operations of both switches are easily performed. Since the SR is self-driven without an additional control circuit, the proposed converter has competitive price. In order to verify efficiency improvement of the proposed converter, it is compared with a conventional criticalconduction-mode (CRM) buck PFC converter. The efficiency of the proposed converter is measured maximum 95.61% at 170 [Vac] and improved maximum 0.23% at 240 [Vac]. For verifying softswitching and efficiency improvement of the proposed converter, design consideration by using


As part of a pilot program, Trigona honey bees have been cultivated in Gampong Alue Awe, Muara Dua subdistrict, by the A Bee Honey group. Under certain conditions, the supply of honey does not satisfy the demand, despite the fact that the cultivation experience and revenue can be used as a source of income. The prices are relatively higher, and consumers have faith in the product's legitimacy and effectiveness. Moreover, unlike livestock farming, beekeeping does not require feed or labor. Gampong Alue Awe, still including woodland areas and community gardens, has the potential to be developed. In addition to a poorly understood sales process, the lack of understanding regarding the cultivation and economics of kelulut honey makes consumers less interested in it. Therefore, community service activities in the form of training are required to determine the function of kelulut honey cultivation in raising family income. According to the circumstance study, the community does not comprehend the advantages and potential of trigona bee cultivation. The purpose of the training is to educate the community about the potential of trigona bee culture as an alternative source of income. In Gampong Alue Awe, the requirement for additional breeders to meet honey stocks can become part of the government's food security policy. From August to November 2022, the group received assistance in the form of agriculture training, harvesting process care, mentoring, and colony support. To join the Bee Honey Breeders Club, you must be a member of the community. The group provides assistance and serves as a coach and incubator for the results of its members. Participants sell honey through the organization due to the fact that business and distribution licenses are already in place. As a result of the service, five family heads expressed interest in joining the program with the group and began raising trigona bees after receiving instruction. Gampong Alue Awe has cooperated with partners to incorporate this initiative into the Gampong budget as a food security program. The benefits of these activities offer a new source of revenue for the community, and the Tridharma of Higher Education seeks the formation of entrepreneurship in the community


The present invention relates to and go deimpurity method from plating solution.A kind of by reducing impurity, make to comprise the electro-less plating Sn of thiocarbamide or thiourea compound or the method for tin alloy plating solution regeneration, its by add organic sulfonic acid or organic sulfonic acid compound or its salt with suitable amount and subsequently cooling solution to form precipitation.Then from tin or Sn Alloy Plating Bath, precipitation is removed.


Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in infants and children, which is very easy to metastasis and its malignant degree is very high.Because of its clinical differences, so far treatment of neuroblastoma is still difficult.Currently comprehensive therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, stem cell transplantation, 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine therapy, biological therapy and immune therapy as well as target therapy dominant the treatment of this disease, and introduce the some of the treatment protocols for this disease.

Key words:
Neuroblastoma; Surgery; Chemotherapy; Infant


You are all familiar with the old saw: "It is a wise child that knows its own father." . It is just because I am presumptuous enough to suppose many of you to be as ignorant of our founder as I was before I began the preparation of this address that I have chosen for my subject his life and aims. ~ must confess, however, that my new-born admiration for Sir Charles Hastings is somewhat tempered.by t?e fact that he was also the originator of the presidential address. From this penance the earlier occupant~ of this chair were, thanks to a happy, but alas! extinct ordinance, mercifully absolved. .. . Charles Hastings was born at Ludlow, m Shropshire on January 11, 1794.. He was the sixth son of J am~s Hastings rector of Martley, in Worcestershire, who belonged td the old Worcestershire county family which counted Warren Hastings as one of its most distinguished sons. . . Concerning this James Hastmgs the following facts are of interest. He was himself a centenarian and the father of a centenarian. He was rector of Martley on his own presentation for. 60 years. He died in July, 1856, having attai~ed the age of 100 years, 6 months and 4 days. HIS eldest daughter, Joanna, emulated the paternal example. She was born on March 14, 1782, and died on March 12, 1886, thus failing by two days to complete her 104th year. She survived her fourteen brothers and sisters and kept her faculties clear to the day of her death. Charles Hastings appears to have created a very good impression quite early in his existence, as the following incident shows. Early in the year 1794, a Mrs. Willes travelled by carriage from Shropshire to London. She was daughter-in-law to Chief Justice Willes and her destination was the "tall house near Lincoln's Inn," then inhabited by him, though celebrated by Pope in other times as the residence of a great peer and statesman. From that house Mrs. Willes wrote to a lady friend in Worcestershire : "On our way up we changed horsts at Ludlow and I was able to go arid see Mrs. Hastings. I found her looking charming in a dressing gown and nursing in her arms what I really believe is the prettiest baby I ever saw." Pretty babies do not always retain their good looks, but Charles Hastings did so, for his portrait on the cover of the British Medical Journal shows that he was a handsome man. He received his early education at the Grammar School at Martley. He preferred field sports to his books and was very fond of animals. In the words


Nanjing Museum boasts a great number and quite a few sorts of documents of the Republic of China with precious historical value. But, because of the particular material and inappropriate conservation these documents have been in the process of serious damage. Research shows that long-term preservation can be achieved by the effective protection of deacidification and reinforcement.


The invention is a method for temperature compensation of a machining head (4) having the LC oscillator (8) for the capacitive measurement of a between the machining head (4) and a workpiece (7) lying distance, wherein an output signal (S) of the LC oscillator (8) to a by the machining head (4) separately disposed evaluation unit (2) is transmitted. With the aid of the temperature sensor (29), the temperature (T) of the LC oscillator (8) is measured, and this is supplied to the evaluation unit (3). In the evaluation unit (2) is a temperature compensation of the output signal (S) of the LC oscillator (8) on the basis of the measured temperature (T) and a machining head (4) associated with the temperature coefficient (K), which also by the machining head (4) to the evaluation unit ( 2) can be transmitted.


The Colombian public policy 'Comprehensive Health Care 2016' sets an all-encompassing network scheme for health service suppliers (RIPSS, by its Spanish acronym), which provides a better dynamics between projected demands and resources, qualified personnel, and networked infrastructure. The analysis of this new health service provision scheme is based on a combined methodological approach with a network analysis application. This work addresses specifically the case of the West health service network in Santiago de Cali, as there have been advancements and contributions to implement the concept of integrated health service networks (RISS) and comprehensive logistics. The research results indicate theoretically, analytically and methodologically that the interdependence, interrelation, and coordination between the actors in a comprehensive network of health service suppliers (RIPSS) can be simulated structurally and positionally.


Taking a blood sample from women at 10 to 14 weeks of pregnancy and analysing cell-free fetal DNA for an extra chromosome is more effective than standard non-invasive screening tests in diagnosing Down's syndrome, a large multi-centre study has found.

The prospective study, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine ,1 followed up pregnancy outcomes in nearly 16 000 women. The cell-free fetal DNA blood test correctly identified all 38 fetuses with Down's syndrome, confirmed by examination of the newborn or by genetic analysis. This type of …


pŠidoVá, e., JaMnická, g., ditMaroVá, Ľ. 2012. A preliminary study on physiological changes of Central European beech provenances in response to progressive drought stress. Folia oecol., 39: 63–70. Four-year seedlings of two European beech ecotypes (Fagus sylvatica L.) were grown under well-watered and drought conditions for 51 days. Two populations were from the same mediumwet climatic region, but they differed in altitude. The results showed that there were significant differences in responses to different watering regimes in both provenances tested. Drought reduced quantum yield of photosystem II (PS II), decreased electron transport rate (ETR) through photosystem II and photochemical quenching (qP). More dissipation of energy excess (qN) was found in PV1 under drought-stress conditions. Water-deficit was associated with increases in proline content. Moreover, drought-treated seedlings of both provenances had significantly decreased chlorophyll pigment contents (Chl a, Chl b, Chl a + b) and carotenoids (Car x + c). Drought also influenced the height and stem diameter of seedlings. However, the differences between the provenances were statistically significant in drought stressed plants only in case of proline content and fluorescence parameter qN.


The effect of a MgO interlayer on the structural and magnetic properties of Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al (CCFA) thin films epitaxially grown on GaAs substrates by sputtering was investigated. When the MgO interlayer thickness was 1.0nm or less, the CCFA films were grown with a cube-on-cube relation to GaAs and no significant decrease in either the x-ray diffraction intensity or saturation magnetization was observed. In contrast, when the MgO thickness was 1.5nm or more, the CCFA film was rotated by 45° in the (001) plane with respect to GaAs, and both the x-ray diffraction intensity and saturation magnetization decreased. All samples showed strong magnetic anisotropy, in which a uniaxial anisotropy with an easy axis of [110]GaAs or [1−10]GaAs dominated with a slight cubic anisotropy having an easy axis of ⟨110⟩CCFA superimposed.


An impermeable sealing mat with water and / or oil consisting essentially of a substrate layer of a swellable clay layer and a cover layer. sealing mat characterized in that: a) the swellable clay is in powder form having a particle size of 90% of which are smaller than 0.06 mm and approximately 70% smaller than 0.002 mm and the thickness of swellable clay layer between the substrate layer and the cover layer is in direct relation with the clay swellability, b) the nonwoven textile material used has an area weight and an allowable efficient opening size Dw to the diagram.


Rough Set theory is a new mathematical tool to deal with representation, learning, vagueness, uncertainty and generalization of knowledge . It has been used in machine learning, knowledge discovery, decision support systems and pattern recognition. It can abstract underlying rules from data. Confidence is the criterion to scaling the reliability of rules. Traditionally, the algorithm to obtain the deduction of decision rule in rough sets theory always take more into account of the number of decision rules than the cost of the rules. In this study, we reconstruct the formulae for CF 1 and CF2. Further, the study is the scope of placement of students based on three input parameters, which considers effect on confidence caused by both imperfect and incompatible information.