The historian David Morgan acknowledged history's debt to art history, showing it to be one not just of conquest but also of culture. There are two ways to approach this investigation into the artistic evidence for the cosmopolitan nature of Tabriz under the Mongols from the late thirteenth to the fifteenth century. It first examines what art can tell us about the varied sources available in this international entrepot, and second looks at what things, whether goods, techniques, motifs, or ideas, were taken from Tabriz and adopted elsewhere. In other words, it examines both the import and the export sides of the situation. Artists in Tabriz looked to Chinese models to illustrate the history of China in the Jāmiʿ al-tavārīkh . In the section recounting the reigns of individual emperors, the artists copied from Chinese woodblock-printed scrolls, but without understanding all the implications of the original iconography. Keywords: China; David Morgan; entrepot; Mongols; Tabriz


Bonding force and stiffness in amine-linked single-molecule junctions for Ag electrodes were measured using a home-built conducting atomic force microscope under ambient conditions at room temperature. For comparison, Au elec- trodes were used to measure the rupture force and stiffness of the molecular junctions. The traces of the force along with the conductance showed a characteristic saw-tooth pattern owing to the breaking of the metal atomic contacts or the metal-mole- cule-metal junctions. We found the rupture force and stiffness for Ag are smaller than those for Au electrodes. Furthermore, we observed that the force required to break the amine-Ag bond in the conjugated molecule, 1,4-benzenediamine, is smaller than in 1,4-butanediamine which is fully saturated. These results consist with the previous theoretical calculations for the binding energies of the nitrogen bonded to Ag or Au atoms.


ObjecƟ ve This research has been conducted with the aim of examining the performance of slow-learner students in first grade of elementary schools in Wechsler, Laiter and Goodenough Intelligence scales. Materials & Methods The present study is a comparaƟ ve research. The staƟ sƟ cal populaƟ on who were selected randomly included all slow-learner students studying in the 1 st grade of elementary schools in Isfahan (25 girls, 25 boys). The Wechsler Intelligence Revised Scale for Children-Revised, Leiter internaƟ onal performance scale and the Goodenough Draw-a-man test were used to measure verbal and nonverbal intelligences of students. Data were analyzed by SPSS soŌ ware version 15, using Pearson's correlaƟ on coefficient and independent t-test. Results The results showed that slow-learner students in Wechsler and Leiter subscales had similar funcƟ on. A significant correlaƟ on was found between the Leiter score with Wechsler (P 0.05). Conclusion The relaƟ onship between Leiter intelligence scale with Wechsler and Goodenough scales confirms the correctness of present assessment. Slow-learner boy and girl students of 1 st grade of elementary school had the same performance on three intelligence scales. A B S T R A C T


New technologies, together with the Internet and information, created a new possibility to advertise and disseminate to companies or institutions through websites. In reality, the Internet is changing the way companies function, as well as how people work because of the fundamental role that information plays. One of the problems in tourist sites is the lack of a means of tourist diffusion, which makes it difficult for it to be recognized and therefore does not allow it to excel economically; As well as the way in which the information is handled that is received and is issued, giving a regular service to the clients. The purpose of this research is to develop a web portal that allows the Inn Fabricio's to spread tourism, as well as to help in the processing of the information of the services that they provide, making use of the Laravel framework that is written in PHP language and Bootstrap that serves to couple To any device.


Slug-flow pneumatic conveying is a full-bore mode of flow within the dense-phase flow regime where bulk materials are transported in the form of slugs at conveying speeds below saltation velocity. The mechanism of slug-flow pneumatic conveying consists of the particles being picked up from the stationary bed in front of a moving slug while the same amount of material is deposited behind the slug. Stress field modeling of the material slug is the first step in developing a prediction model for the pressure drop along a pneumatic conveying line. However, a reliable prediction strongly relies on an accurate assessment of several factors, including the particle properties, pipeline dimensions, and operating conditions. So far, the particle diameter has always been one of the crucial parameters, which is not desirable in regards to the limitations it imposes on the choice of bulk materials. This article focuses on one parameter, the stress transmission coefficient kw, which relates the lateral wall stress within a slug of material to the axial stress. To date, this parameter could not be measured directly in an aerated material bed and had to be estimated. Inaccuracies within the prediction were therefore unavoidable. A newly designed test chamber now enables the measurement of the lateral and axial stresses within a slug, which leads directly to this stress transmission coefficient. This article outlines the design of the test apparatus and reports on the experimental results. For the two materials tested, an exponential correlation between the pressure on top of the slug (frontal stress) and the stress transmission coefficient was obtained. Calculating the wall friction coefficient leads to a constant value above a certain material-specific air velocity.


Objective: gammadelta (γδ) T lymphocytes, which bridge innate and adaptive immunity, may be differentially regulated by cholesterol and play distinct roles from the conventional alphabeta (αβ) subset in the development of atherosclerosis. γδ T cells represent a small subset of total T cells (∼ 3-5% of CD3+ cells). These cells express unique γδ T cell receptors, and recognize lipid and peptide antigens without processing and presentation by MHC molecules. γδ T cells react much faster toward pathogen invasion than αβ T cells, and thus are considered one of the first lines of immune defense. Methods: αβ and γδ T lymphocytes from mice were evaluated for their lipid content, gene expression, proliferation, apoptosis, and activation. Results and conclusion: Nile Red staining revealed higher intracellular lipid content in γδ T cells, comparing to the αβ subset (1.3 folds of αβ, p BrdU incorporation and annexin V staining revealed significantly higher proliferative (3.4 folds of αβ, p -/- mice fed a high cholesterol, high fat diet, implying a high sterol/high fat environment may promote γδ T cells activation in vivo. Taken together, our data suggest γδ T cells are more sensitive to cholesterol, and a high sterol environment may enhance γδ T cell turnover and activation in vivo.


The generalized Smoluchowski equation is solved exactly for two particles interacting via a hard core potential in one, two, and three dimensions without the hydrodynamic interaction. From this solution coherent and incoherent intermediate scattering functions, memory functions, and transport coefficients are calculated. While many results relating to mutual diffusion are known, new results relating to self‐diffusion are presented. These are compared with other exact and approximate results. The ''hydrodynamic regime'' for dynamic light scattering is discussed.


The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of diffusion tensor MRI (DTMRI) for sensitive detection of alterations in cardiac structure in cardiomyopathic (CM) Syrian hamster hearts. DTMRI studies were performed on formalin fixed hearts of both T02 (CM) and F1B (control) hamsters. T02 hamsters exhibited increased trace values in scattered regions that were 40% higher than the trace in normal myocardium. Histology revealed that increased trace regions were in accordance with fibrotic scar locations. This study suggested that DTMRI may be used to assess the structural integrity of the myocardium. 2 after zero-filling. A total of 11 short-axis images covering the whole left ventricle were acquired. Data Processing Diffusion tensor matrix and three corresponding eigenvalues were calculated from the 12 diffusion-weighted images. A trace map, i.e., sum of the three eigenvalues, was generated. The trace map was normalized to that of the surrounding buffer salt solution to minimize the effect of diffusivity variations due to temperature fluctuation. The myocardial fibrous scar tissue were defined as the zones with highest trace values, or > 1 SD above the mean trace for the whole slice. RA and helix angle of the primary eigenvector was calculated to compute fiber orientation. Histology Following DTMRI study, hearts were sliced at 1 mm thickness from base to apex along the LV long axis to enable direct correlation of slice locations between MRI and histological analysis. Each slice was embedded in paraffin and sectioned at 4 µm. The tissue sections were stained with Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red for the identification of myocardial lesions. Scar location determined from histology was compared with the corresponding DTMRI images. Statistical Analysis All results were expressed as mean±SD. An unpaired student's t-test was used for intergroup comparison of the parametric variables. A 2-tailed value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results All three eigenvalues increased in the scar tissue of CM heart, indicating increased magnitude of water diffusion. As a result, the scar tissue appeared brighter on the trace map (Fig 1.a). Normalized mean trace value was 1.58±0.09 in normal myocardium, 1.66±0.12 in overall CM myocardium, and 2.02 ±0.08 in scar tissue (p<0.001 compared to normal). The primary, secondary, and tertiary eigenvalues, normalized by the mean eigenvalue of the surrounding water were 0.67±0.03, 0.50±0.03, and 0.41±0.05 respectively in normal myocardium; 0.70±0.04, 0.54±0.05, and 0.41±0.05 in CM myocardium; and 0.81±0.082 0.66 ±0.03, and 0.55±0.03 in scar tissue (p<0.001 compared to normal). The location, size and shape of these high trace value regions were closely correlated to those of scar tissue as defined by Masson's trichrome stainning (Figure 1.b). High power images revealed increased extracellular space in the scar due to myocyte death and subsequent scar formation (Figure 1.c) The transmural variations of helix angle of both CM and normal heart demonstated continuous transition from +60


HK1 deficient Haemolytic Anaemia in association with a Neurological Phenotype & co-existing Meckel-Gruber due to CEP290 in a Romani family.


Melvin Ember (1973) suggests that the living floor area of the average house in a society is a good archeological indicator of patrilocal versus matrilocal residence. This study successfully replicates his findings and suggests the sociological factors that may favor larger households and hence larger living floor areas in matrilocal societies.


Various development methodologies currently exist in the field of Model-Driven Web Engineering (MDWE). Given the high number of methodologies available, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of the existing methodologies and provide helpful information to the developers. Furthermore, proposals are constantly appearing and the need may arise not only to evaluate the quality but also to find out how it can be improved. This article presents the work being carried out in this field and describes tasks to define a Quality Evaluation Framework (QuEF) to evaluate, under objective measures the quality of Model-Driven Web Engineering methodologies.


maniacal condition, and he was certified as dying of acute delirious mania, which accorded with his symptoms. I found that his blood and fluid both gave a positive reaction, and there was an abundant lymphocytosis of the fluid. There were scarcely any naked-eye signs of general paralysis; in fact, there was nothing which could be asserted positively as evidence of the disease-a circumstance which accorded well with the history, that just prior to the accident he had been discharged from the navy and had passed as a taxi driver. I found a definite scar of a chancre on the penis. Examination of several regions of the brain were made, but only in one region examined were there the histological appearances characteristic of the disease-namely, increased vascularity, well-marked infiltration of the small vessels of the cortex with plasma cells and lymphocytes, also the membranes, proliferation of the glia cells, absence of the tangential fibres, distortion of Meynert's columns, and atrophy of the constituent ganglion cells; lastly, the existence of the " rod cells of Alzheimer." All these conditions showed that this man was suffering with acute mania of general paralysis in its earliest stage; it is, therefore, highly probable that the severe injury had been the exciting factor in the production of the disease. We are able to decide two points bv this examinationnamely, that the man had general paralysis, a disease that is invariably fatal; that he had syphilis, which is an essential cause. That the evidence post mortem was to the effect that it was in its earliest stage, and might therefore never have occurred if he had not had the severe accident. The fact of the existence of the scar of the chancre and antecedent syphilis should not weigh in the minds of the jury if they were satisfied that the man in all probability was not suffering with general paralysis prior to the accident, for only a very few syphilitic subjects die of general paralysis. Another case has recently occurred which, from a medico-legal point of view, is of interest in showing how necessary it is to examine various parts of the brain histologically to confirm the diagnosis of general paralysis. Dr. Bond, of Long Grove Asylum, recently gave evidence in a trial in which the wife of one of his patients alleged that traumatism was the cause of her husband's mental breakdown. Dr. Bond considered that the case was clinically one of general paralysis of the tabetic variety, although he said there were certain anomalous bodily symptoms. He sent me the central nervous system of this patient when he died. I found a typical tabetic lesion of the posterior columns of the spinal cord. Examination of the prefrontal and central convolutions did not show the typical lesion of general paralysis. The tip of the first temporal convolution, especially on one side, showed all the characteristic lesions which I have just described. I will show photographs illustrating these points. In conclusion, I beg to thank you for so kindly listening to me so long, and yet I feel there are many things left unsaid which I might have said; however, many eminent authorities are about to follow who will be able to fill up the gaps, and very probably also from their wide experience modify and correct some of the statements I have made. Finally, I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to my assistants, .Dr. Candler and Mr. Sydney Mann, who have carried out the researches on the blood and cerebrospinal fluid to which I have referred, and upon which I have based my opinion as to the value of the reaction. These were published in the Lancet recently by Dr. Candler.


ABSTARCT: Our complete sequencing of 220 mtDNA genomes from t he Savara and Porja of east coastal India reveals about 25 per cent genomes belongs to European macro haplogroup N. For the first time we identified mitochondrial DNA from one south Indian Savara individual that shares seven specific mutations with the N22 lineage observed in the Orang Asli group of Aboriginal Malaya, Cuyonin from Palawan and one single mutation sharing with Mindanao of Philippines which forms N22b sub-lineage. The coalescence time of N22 lineage is 20,600 ± 7000 kybp shifts th e focus of "Two layer" hypothesis of human settleme nt in ISEA.


This paper is a tutorial on recent advances in software technologies that have the potential to make a large impact on the way control systems are implemented. Concepts such as distributed computing, software components, interoperability, open standards, middleware, real-time computing, scheduling and adaptive resource management are defined and described in the context of control systems.


Deep Neural Network (DNN) accelerators are increasingly integrated into sensing applications, such as wearables and sensor networks, to provide advanced in-sensor processing capabilities. Given wearables' strict size and power requirements, minimizing the area and energy consumption of DNN accelerators is a critical concern. In that regard, computing DNN models in the time domain is a promising architecture, taking advantage of both technology scaling friendliness and efficiency. Yet, time-domain accelerators are typically not fully digital, limiting the full benefits of time-domain computation. In this work, we propose a time-domain multiply and accumulate (MAC) circuitry enabling an all-digital with a small size and low energy consumption to target in-sensor processing. The proposed MAC circuitry features a simple and efficient architecture without dependencies on analog non-idealities such as leakage and charge errors. It is implemented in 22nm FD-SOI technology, occupying 35 μm×35 μm while supporting multi-bit inputs (8-bit) and weights (4-bit). The power dissipation is 46.61 μW at 500MHz, and 20.58 μW at 200MHz. Combining 32 MAC units achieves an average power efficiency, area efficiency and normalized efficiency of 0.45 TOPS/W and 75 GOPS/mm2, and 14.4 1b-TOPS/W.


Objective To explore the relationship between the CD45 expression and the clinical characteristics in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).Methods Multiparameter flow cytometry with CD45/SSC gating was used to analyze the immunophenotypes in 61 children with ALL.Karyotyping and multiplex nested RT-PCR were used to detect the chromosomal karyotypes and fusion genes.Results CD13 and HLA-DR expressions in CD45+ group were significantly higher than those in CD45-group(P0.05).HOX11 and E2A/PBX1 genes were more frequently detected in CD45-group,while TEL/AML1,MLL/AF9,and HOX11 genes were found in CD45+ group.However,no difference was found between these two groups in clinical parameters,chromosomal karyotypes and short-term therapeutic effect(P0.05).Conclusions CD13 and HLA-DR expressions in childhood B-lineage ALL were significantly higher in CD45+ group.However,no relationship was found between the CD45 expression and the clinical characteristics.


Through showing three different types of artistic conception:the style of majesty and grandiosity,the style of elusive and vivid,the style of desolated and quiet,in Song Dynasty,this paper aims to discuss the blending of landscape poems and painting,furthermore,enrich the artistic connotation of this classic proposition.


Cutaneous eruptions described on herpes zoster scars are variable. We present a case of granulomatous folliculitis occurring 4 weeks after an episode of herpes zoster infection in a woman with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. The pathogenesis of the lesions remains unclear. The viral genome was detected only in early lesions.


Cambodia is one of the oldest and the most trusted of China's alliance. Chinese foreign assistance has influenced in interests of politics, strategics and economics. This article seeks to explore the close interaction of China's foreign financial aid influences and contributions in respect to economic infrastructure development on economic growth. Methods: Using in-depth interviews with twelve key experts' participants are conducted and transcribed by the author. The data analysis is employed thematic analysis and using Nvivo 10 are used to analysis, all interviews are transcribed by the author number of codes in systematic way by reducing data from the codes and then develop themes from the codes. Results: Chinese foreign assistance in respect to economic infrastructure development has increased contributions to economic interests and economic growth in short run and long run in Cambodia. Chinese foreign assistance to Cambodia contributes to mutual complementary interests in economic prosperity and on economic growth. Conclusions: Chinese foreign assistance has positive contributions to economic growth, despite 20 percent of participants are concerned over Chinese financial assistance on some low quality of economic infrastructure development.


Mathematical preliminaries.- Issues in feedback control.- One block problems.- H ? Control of unstable plants.- Suboptimal H ? controller design.- Benchmark examples.- H ? Controlof MIMO systems.- Notes and references.


The industry identification analysis system is the primary technical problem in building the data acquisition capability of the railway Internet of things, and the configuration analysis of complex equipment assets is the difficulty in application. According to the configuration analysis management requirements of complex equipment of the high-speed railway train-set, combined with the technical information management of the high-speed railway train-set, the corresponding handle structure of the high-speed railway train-set is given, and the distributed processing algorithm of configuration analysis of the high-speed railway train-set is designed. The high-speed analysis ability, stability and reliability of the system and method described in this paper are verified by experiments, which can meet the practical requirements of railway identification application innovation.


Based on the analysis of materials of large international IT companies and research groups in the field of cyber security, such as the IBM Security, Cisco, McAfee, Symantec, Trustwave, NTT Group, Kaspersky Security Lab and others. Given the comparative assessment of the level of cyber threats in Russia and worldwide. The generalized assessment of cyber space in the landscape of global threats and the economic impact of cyber crime. The main sources of cyber threats, critical issues and technology. It provides a global geography of cyber attacks.


In this study the effect of casting technique or method of ZA-27 alloy and die angle of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process on the mechanical properties of alloy after forming was studied. Two casting methods, New Rheocast (NRC) and Gravity Die Cast (GDC) were employed to produce the alloy. Four dies of ECAE with different angles (90°, 105°, 120° and 135°) were used in this process at (100° C). Test specimen was manufactured with circular cross section (12mm in diameter and 85mm in length). The results show that the (NRC) method and 90° angle of die in (ECAE) gave the best of compression strength and hardness due to refinement of microstructure more than other angles.The load in (ECAE) process strongly depends on angle of die and specimen product by (NRC) required higher load.


4.1 Composition from Drug and Excipient Compatibility Study In drug and excipient compatibility study it was confirmed that Gentamicin sulphate is compatible with Poloxamer 188, Magnesium stearate, Poly-Caprolactone and grades of PLGA. From thermal and spectroscopic data it was confirmed that these ingredients of implant formulation are compatible with each other. This confirmation in one of the major positive step towards further formulation process. Here in this chapter, it is briefly discussed about the available strategies for formulation of polymer based drug delivery system. Along with that formulation strategy selection, experimental designs, optimization of process parameters like mixing-homogenising, drying etc., are briefly explained and optimized on the basis of microscopic data, viscosity and rheology, drug content etc.


Aim: In this study, we explored the effects of dietary fiber on athletic performance. Methods: Twenty healthy college athletes (male/female, 1/1) consumed 6 grams of dietary fiber (Fiberpro, Taiyo Lab Inc., Tokyo) daily for four weeks and were evaluated for their athletic performance, salivary biomarkers of stress (α-amylase activity pre-post exercise, cortisol, melatonin, and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels), and mood/affect using the Profile of Mood State 2nd edition (POMS 2®). Measurements were taken at baseline (before supplementation), at Week 4 (after 4 weeks of supplementation), and at Week 8 (4 weeks after the completion of supplementation). Results: Results showed that athletic performance and exercise-induced elevation in salivary α-amylase activity improved with Fiberpro supplementation in both men and women. Further, the Anger-Hostility scale in POMS was significantly elevated in men; in women, an increase in Vigor-Activity score, a single index of positive mood, was noted. These findings suggest that Fiberpro may induce differential affective responses in men and women. Meanwhile, Fiberpro did not affect the normal diurnal changes in salivary melatonin and SIgA levels, but it appeared to augment the normal circadian patterns of cortisol, an effect that persisted for a month without Fiberpro intake. We propose that boosting fiber intake in young, healthy athletes may improve gut microbiota and confer resilience against stress.


Background: The appearance of the prehypertension group in the classification of the JNC-VII has been justified on the basis of not considering these subjects as normal but evaluating its cardiovascular risk in an integral way. Objetive: To determine the clinical, metabolic and vascular characteristics of the prehypertensive (PH) subjects in comparison with normotensive (NT) ones. Patients and method: Seventy-one PH and 83 NT were detected and they were featured for: sex, age, weight, height, BMI, record of cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities and their treatments, clinical chemistry, fasting and postprandial glycemia, fasting insulin, lipid profile, microalbuminuria and waist perimeter. The insulin resistance was calculated by means of the Homeostatic Method Assessment (HOMA). They were measured with vascular ultrasound the carotid intima-media thickness to a centimeter of their bifurcation and the endothelial function was evaluated through measuring the caliber of the humeral artery before and after mechanic stimulation of the endothelium. Results: Fourty-one percent of the PH and 34.6% of the NT were men, the main differences between PH and NT were: age 51.4±13.7 and 44.6±14.2, BMI 28.3±4.5 and 26.8±4.9, waist 95.8±10.9 and 89.7±12.6 cm, HOMA 3.51±2.1 and 2.6±2.2, uric acid 5.65±6.09 and 3.6±1.5 mg/dL, C-HDL 48.2±15.3 and 55.1±25.5 mg/dL, C-LDL 113.4±33.4 and 127.7±43 mg/dL, all significant ones (p < 0.05). The PH regarding the NT had resistance to the insulin (RI) 65.2 vs 44.8%, hypertriglyceridemia 46 vs 41.7%, hypoalphalipoproteinemia 34 vs 29.4%, microalbuminuria 13.5 vs 10%, metabolic syndrome for the criteria of the NCEP 21.7 vs 13.7% all significant ones (p < 0.05). The BMI was of 0.67 mm in PH and of 0.53 mm in NT (p < 0.05), the endothelium-dependent dilation of the humeral was of 16.05% in PH and of 20.2% in NT (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The group of PH seems to be an interim statement in the road toward the diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular events via the metabolic syndrome, with RI and endothelial dysfunction.


Border household registration management is confronted with weak legal supports, onerous workload,generalized service functions and defective follow-up supporting. Efforts should be made, from the perspectives of legal supports, promotion of pilot reform and intensive business training, to improve border household registration management, develop household registration management-police service combination model with a view to enhancing national unity and national security maintenance.


In this paper, we introduce a novel and general matrix formulation of artificial linear boundary extension methods for removing border effects inherent to any paraunitary two-channel size-limited filterbank. This new characterization of the transformation operator allows us to prove that perfect reconstruction (PR) of finite signals can be ensured under some conditions without using extra subband coefficients; in other words, we characterize the signal extension methods that lead to nonexpansive transforms. The necessary and sufficient condition we find allows us to show that some traditional extension techniques that are being used in an expansive way, such as the polynomial extension, lead in fact to nonexpansive invertible transforms; moreover, we can also prove that in contradiction to previous literature, not every transformation matrix associated with a linear extension is invertible even if using prototype filters of the same length. Apart from these invertibility criteria, we propose the first algorithm for the design of all linear extensions and their associated biorthogonal boundary filters that lead to nonexpansive and invertible transforms. Analogously, we provide the first method for the design of all linear extensions that yield orthogonal transforms: We construct an infinite number of orthogonal extensions, apart from the commonly used periodic extension, and their associated orthogonal boundary filters. The final contribution of the paper is a new algorithm for the design of smooth orthogonal extensions, which keep the orthogonality property and overcome the main drawback of periodization, that is, the introduction of subband coefficients of great amplitude near the boundaries in the transform domain.


In explaining the differences in the efficiency of farms, it is necessary to look into the use of resources
to show the close links existing between the performance attained from resources on individual farms
and efficient allocation of resources between farms of different sizes. This study estimates the
productivity of farm resources on small and large scale farms in three villages of Giwa Local
Government Area of Kaduna State. Production data were collected using a structure questionnaire from
a representative sample of 78 sorghum farmers. The study used the double log production function to
determine the relationship between farm resources and the efficiency of resource use. Empirical results
showed that seed, fertilizer and labour inputs are statistically significant in explaining the variation in
sorghum output in the study area. However the estimates of the ratio of the marginal value
productivities (MVP) and marginal factor cost (MFC), point clearly to the non optimal combination of
inputs among the farmers, it showed that the farm resources were inefficiently utilized for sole sorghum
production by small and large scale farmers, hence, the need for resource adjustment. Implications for
regional and national food policies are discussed


Electrochemical data obtained from lithium cycling in LiCu x Mn 2-x O4 spinels (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) show a remarkable, highly reversible, electrochemical cycling behavior at 4.9 V. In situ X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy revealed that this ultrahigh voltage is due to the existence of the Cu 2+ /Cu 3+ redox couple. The origin of the high stability at the 5 V region was studied with the in situ X-ray diffraction technique. It was found that the unit cell dimension undergoes minimal change during charge-discharge cycles at the 5 V plateau.


Detrimental beam dynamics effects limit the performance of high-intensity rapid cycling synchrotrons (RCSs) such as the 8 GeV proton Fermilab Booster. Here we report the results of comprehensive experimental studies of various beam intensity dependent effects in the Booster. In the first part, we report the dependencies of the Booster beam intensity losses on the total number of protons per pulse and on key operational parameters, such as the machine tunes and chromaticities. Then we cross check two methods of the beam emittance measurements (the MultiWires proportional chambers and the ionization profile monitors). Finally, we used the intensity dependent emittance growth effects to analyze the ultimate performance of the machine in the present configuration, with the maximum space-charge tuneshift parameter $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{Q}_{\mathrm{SC}}\ensuremath{\sim}0.6$, and after its injection energy is upgraded from 0.4 to 0.8 GeV.


Amoebiasis is the third cause of death worldwide, due to a parasitic infection, has a universal distribution affecting 10 to 20 percent of the world population and in some regions, up to 55 percent, Amoebiasis caused by the protozoan parasite E. histolytica was a first recognized as a deadly disease by Hippocrates who described patient with fever and dysentery, in this casestudy design include 90 stool specimens were collected from patient with diarrhea attended to hospitals in Hilla city. The resultsshow high levels of TLR-2 in age group (1-10) compared to healthy controls, the increasing significantly (p<0.05). also levels of TLR-2 in age group (>40) was increase compared to controls but these results was non-significantly and show high levels of TLR-4 in age group (1-10) compared to healthy controls, the results significantly (p<0.05). While the level of TLR-4 was Decreased in age group (>40) compared to controls and the results was not significantly.


This research aims to realize the implementation increase enterpreunership and lifeskill of the students bykascing organic waste as experiment method experiment technic in subject Evaluation and Conservation ofFarm Resource Geography Education Department. This research is carried out July until November 2012 atGeography Education Department. Data that got to outcome of the research by student and the lecture.The activity of research devided for four cycle, consist of planning, action, experiment and reflection. Resultthat got to show  that increase value of the students by the cycle. By using theProblem Based Instruction(PBI) model every student in group can identify and analysis the result from field research.


There are probably as man.y opinions as to the proper diet for dogs and cats as there are people who breed, raise and maintain these animals. Fortunately in the past 100 years the dog, and to some extent the cat, have been used for experimental nutritional studies. Considerable data have been accumulated as to the nutritional requirements of these animals. This information has helped to dispel many of the superstitions that have arisen as a result of various feeding practices.


Objective:Traditional cutoff values of serum creatinine considered to define postoperative acute renal failure have been challenged recently. In a previous investigation we demonstrated that minimal changes in serum creatinine concentration were associated with a substantial decrease in survival after cardiac surgery. In this investigation, we assessed the impact of minimal absolute increases in serum creatinine in a second institution, and we analyzed whether relative changes, as in the RIFLE classification and, partially, in Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) classification, confer a different prognostic potential. Design:Prospective analysis. Setting:University hospital. Patients:All consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery in the University Hospital of Zurich (Center USZ) over a 46-month period. Interventions:Patients were prospectively documented. We analyzed maximal changes in serum creatinine in the first 48 hrs postoperatively (&Dgr;Crea) regarding death within 30 days. Results were compared with those of the University Hospital Vienna (Center AKH). Moreover, the prognostic potential of &Dgr;Crea within 48 hrs vs. serum creatinine elements according to RIFLE and AKIN classifications was assessed. Measurements and Main Results:A total of 3,123 patients were evaluated from USZ. The majority of patients had decreased postoperative serum creatinine values (negative &Dgr;Crea) and the lowest mortality (1.8%). Minimal increases, [0, 0.5) mg·dL−1, were associated with a more than doubled mortality in both centers (5%/6%). Mortality, according to RIFLE and AKIN classifications for both populations combined, was as follows: 7,023 (3.6%), 160 (29%), 43 (19%), and 15 (33%) for RIFLE Normal, Risk, Injury, and Failure; 6,644 (2.8), 463 (16.4), 3 (66.7), and 131 (1.8) for AKIN stage 0, 1, 2, and 3. Conclusions:Measuring repeat serum creatinine concentrations within 48 hrs and determining &Dgr;Crea were the most effective discrimination method to find patients at risk for adverse postoperative outcome after cardiac surgery, better than application of this sole criterion to the RIFLE (least discriminatory) or the AKIN classification.


Based on quantitative analysis,this article has analyzed the status quo of Guangdong higher education internationalization,pointed out the achievements in the nationwide scale,such as the teachers' short-term exchange,international cooperation school and information exchange.But there are many problems in the aspects of internationalization idea,such as teachers' long-term exchange,and foreign student recruitment.The article also proposed several suggestions on the fast development of higher education internationalization.


The focus of this research is specified to the interlinkages between three concepts i.e. social cohesion, women's economic empowerment and mudharabah investments. Instead of microfinancing, this paper explores the possibility of utilizing mudharabah as a tool in uplifting vulnerable societies, especially women and promote social cohesion in the surrounding community. We explore the importance and value that empowering women economically can bring to improving the cohesiveness of a society and whether mudharabah can be used to achieve this. A case study method was used to highlight existing models used by NGOs to provide assistance to vulnerable women. However, existing models are found to be limited to the funds available in the organization and in turn, this restricts the aid that the NGO are able to give out. A mudharabah model would help NGOs to outsource funding to individuals and institutions who can contribute capital to women and uplift them from their current economic condition. With that this paper proposes a two-tier mudharabah structure as an alternative financing model which can be used as a conduit for circulation and distribution of wealth in a society. This structure is found to be financially viable and limits the capital providers' losses to the amount of their contribution.


The invention provides a spray head for cleaning a wafer. The spray head comprises a lengthwise main body part, an organic solvent adsorbing material positioned on one side of the main body part, and a capillary nozzle, wherein the capillary nozzle can spray an organic solvent for cleaning the wafer, a spray orifice is arranged between the organic solvent adsorbing material and the main body part and can spray the organic solvent and soak the organic solvent adsorbing material. The spray head can be used for cleaning the back surface of the wafer and removing trims of the wafer simultaneously, and the cleaning effect can not be affected by the rotating speed of the wafer.


As the number of patients infected by COVID-19 increases worldwide, and in the absence of appropriate therapeutic drugs or vaccines, it is essential to detect patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at its early stages, in order to isolate the patients from healthy population. Computed tomography (CT) scan seems to be promising in detection of COVID-19 as shown in some studies.


The article presents the results of the I phase of clinical trials of a vaccine preparationfor prevention of Flexner dysentery on the basis of modified Shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide on the limited contingent of adult volunteers (26 persons). Studying general and local post-inoculative reactions showed good acceptability and low reactogenicity of candidate vaccine "FLEXVAC®" in the doses from 25 to 100 gg. In the majority ofvolunteers immunized by the candidate vaccine "FLEXVAC®" we registered 4 and more times seroconversion of IgG and IgA classes antibodies playing basic role in the formation of adaptive anti-shigella immune response.


Based on thermal spray technologies a coating process for refractory ceramic layers even on temperature sensitive fiber substrates has been developed, so that the coated fabrics retain their flexibility. Fiber woven fabrics, coated with hard ceramic materials combine the positive characteristics of both materials, such as flexibility and high tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance as well as biochemical or electrophysical qualities. High speed and high rate ceramic coating is performed with simultaneous cooling so that refractory ceramic coatings can be applied on aramide and mullite fibers with potential for industrial application.


Cuixia is a new hybrid Chinese cabbage with heat tolerance developed by crossing non-heading Chinese cabbage Huangmiao Hanqing A-22 as a female parent with BC071 as a male parent.Huangmiao Hanqing A-22 is a CMS line with 100% plants having male sterility over 95%.The yellow seedling of Huangmiao Hanqing A-22 can serve as seedling marker.Cuixia is tolerant,resistant to diseases and is good in quality.667 m2 yield is 4 500-6 200 kg.


Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth pulmonary tumor is a rare condition that mostly affects immunosuppressed patients. This case describes a young boy with a history of kidney transplantation who presented recurrent pneumonia. Multiple endobronchial soft tissue tumors affecting both right and left bronchial tree were found and partially removed by bronchoscopy. Immunohistologic analysis demonstrated Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth pulmonary tumor. Immunosuppressive therapy was changed from tacrolimus to sirolimus. A few months later, new right upper lobe and inferior left lobe tumors were found. Recurrent left lower lobe pneumonia prompted lobectomy. In the present case, complete resection and change of immunosuppressive treatment were effective.


The competitions among businesses have been transferred from product quality to acquiring customers. A high customer satis faction becomes an indispensable factor for acquiring competitive edge among modern businesses. The evaluation of customer satisfaction and effect measure of all influence factors is done by means of fuzzy method of evaluation in this article. Finally it provides a simple computer method by Microsoft Excel.


Greater Manchester's Deputy Mayor has called on Theresa May to finally come clean about cuts to police funding after the Prime Minister was called out by the statistics watchdog earlier this week.


High purity bulk niobium RRR ~ 300 is the standard material used for SRF cavities since this has been the most promising material for over 10 years. Mechanical properties of the high RRR niobium play a critical role in the physical integrity of these structures. It is well known that the mechanical properties of polycrystalline high RRR niobium are affected by a variety of possible contributors: crystallographic texture, grain size, and impurity concentration. Tensile tests were carried out using three groups of niobium samples from MSU SRF cavity and Fermi International Linear Collider projects with different texture and grain size, which came from two different manufacturers. For some of the groups the tensile tests were done with different orientations with respect to the sheet. Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM) data were collected in these samples. The relationships between mechanical properties, texture, and grain size in these samples are analyzed.


The optimal market structure is one of the fundamental issues of economic theory. At that, companies' efficiency in the market is associated with resource availability as a whole and finance resources, in particular. The structure of the banking market in terms of commercial loans determines a number of parameters of the economic system, such as its stability, growth potential, entrepreneurial activity, the state of commodity markets, the competitiveness of companies, etc. A comparative analysis of countries in terms of the ratio of commercial loans to GDP allows us to identify promising markets and strategic avenues for the development of the global banking industry and investment policy. However, a lack of regular and timely statistical reviews often impedes the identification. With the view to performing a comparative analysis for the EA/ЕU macroregion, the authors attempt to establish the types of the banking market in Russia based on a fuzzy rank approach using the probability theory. Using the data for 2009–2018, the authors assess bank concentration in Russia by a number of indicators. During the period under review, the volume of commercial banking lending in Russia experienced a steady increase. At the same time, there is a clear downward trend in the number of banks; several local "breakdowns" happen once every two years, i.e. the compression rate is reducing. Within the framework of the accepted gradation, the values of concentration indices taken separately do not allow arriving at a firm conclusion, since they indicate contradictory statuses of the sectoral market type. The integrated approach proposed in the paper helped find that, despite a relatively large number of participants in the Russian banking market, it should be primarily identified with a monopoly. At that, the values of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and standard concentration fall within the oligopoly boundaries. This indicates the fuzzy nature of the sectoral market. The empirical results obtained are of use when analyzing competition, developing antimonopoly regulation measures, adjusting the banking sector development strategy and investment policy.


The article deals with the new approach to teaching students the most difficult words due to which the future teachers' speech will be improved to the level of original English. Difficulties and their reasons, the way to avoid them, the basis and the content of training are described in the article.


Cloud computing is making a big difference in the IT industry. Research on cloud computing is becoming more and more popular. And this article focuses on cloud computing. This article first describes the features and definitions of cloud computing, then introduces its service patterns (ie, SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS) and deployment patterns (including public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud), and finally lists the cloud security challenges. That cloud computing is facing.


Ginseng marc, a by-product of the extraction of fresh ginseng, is known to have bioactive compounds, but is frequently discarded as agriculture waste. The objectives of our study were to assess the antioxidative activity of fermented ginseng marc extract using Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P and to evaluate antibacterial activity of fermented milk with added ginseng marc extract during fermentation. After 24 h of fermentation of ginseng marc extract, the viable cell number was increased to 7.7 ± 0.1 log cfu/mL, and the pH and total titratable acidity were 4.2 ± 0.4 and 0.6% lactic acid, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of fermented ginseng marc extract increased by 32.4 and 23.3%, respectively. Higher antioxidative activity of fermented ginseng marc extract was obtained in the β-carotene bleaching, ferric-reducing ability of plasma, and ferric thiocyanate assays than the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy assay. However, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy scavenging effect decreased due to lowered pH. During production of fermented milk with ginseng, inhibition rate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were 9.7 and 2.3%, respectively. The present study shows the possibilities of Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P used as a fermentation strain and ginseng marc used as a functional supplement in milk.


Background— Chronic inflammation represents an essential feature of the atherosclerotic process. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), an enzyme mainly produced by monocytes/macrophages, generates potent proinflammatory products. Methods and Results— Plasma concentrations of Lp-PLA2 were determined by ELISA in 934 apparently healthy men aged 45 to 64 years sampled from the general population in 1984 and followed up until 1998. During this period, 97 men experienced a coronary event diagnosed according to the MONICA (MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease) protocol. Baseline levels of Lp-PLA2 were higher in subjects who experienced an event than in event-free subjects (295±113 versus 263±79 ng/mL, P<0.01). Lp-PLA2 was positively correlated with total cholesterol (R=0.30, P<0.0001) and age (R=0.12, P=0.001), was only slightly correlated with HDL cholesterol (R=0.09, P=0.005) and C-reactive protein R=0.06, P=0.06), but was not correlated with body mass index or blood pre...


This study aims to correlate the vibration data with quantitative indicators of structural health by comparing and validating the feasibility of identifying unknown excitation forces using output vibration responses. First, numerical analysis was performed to investigate the accuracy, convergence, and robustness of the load identification results for different noise levels, sensors numbers, and initial estimates of structural parameters. Then, the laboratory beam structure experiments were conducted. The results show that using the two identification methods Tikhonov (L-curve) and TSVD (GCV-curve) can successfully and accurately identify the different excitation forces of the external hammer. The TSVD based on GCV method has more advantages than the Tikhonov based on L-curve method. The proposed two kinds of load identification procedure based on vibration response can be applied to the safety performance evaluation of the railway track structure in future inverse problems research.


The main feature of the Grid, which appeals to communities outside of the high performance computing community, is its ability to share resources across boundaries of institutions and organizations, or in other words, resources that are not subject to centralized control [1]. In computational grids, the shared resource is computing power of processors, thus a computational grid forms a large virtual supercomputer. In data grids the resources are large disk storages and fast networks needed for holding and moving large quantities of data. Collaborative grids create virtual environments for cooperation among geographically dispersed individuals, by using tools for videoconferencing and remote control of shared instruments like telescopes or microscopes. In knowledge grids, the resource shared across organization boundaries is knowledge, so a knowledge grid can constitute a virtual expert system. In this paper, an architecture is presented, designed for sharing biomedical knowledge in the form of a grid consisting of semantically annotated web services, with collaborative user interface. The work presented is part of ongoing research in the project MediGrid, targeted to semantic grid applications in biomedicine. The paper is further structured as follows. In chapter II we discuss how a biomedical knowledge may be encapsulated as a grid service and may be used to build a complex workflow. Chapter III describes how participants may collaborate over a workflow solving a particular task. In the last chapter we will propose a model of an adaptive workflow environment providing a way how to recover from errors occurring during a workflow instance run. The conclusions are then provided.


The invention relates to an assembly and detection all-in-one machine of a rotating support and a detecting method thereof. A driving device is connected with the input end of a right-angle reducer through an elastic coupling, wherein the reducer is fixed on a workbench base, the output end of the reducer is connected with one end of a moment measuring device through a membrane-type coupling, theother end of the moment measuring device is connected with a rotating shaft through a flat key, the rotating shaft and a rotating arm are connected through a bolt, and a pin hole is arranged at the tail end of the rotating arm; a positioning pin and a clamping device are arranged on a workbench; and a hydraulic rotatable support device and a hydraulic thrust device are fixed on the workbench, wherein the hydraulic rotatable support device comprises an oil cylinder, a roller bearing is arranged on a piston rod of the oil cylinder, a limit bolt is arranged in the oil cylinder, and the hydraulicthrust device and the hydraulic rotatable support device are arranged on the same circumference. The assembly and detection all-in-one machine can be used for detailedly and accurately measuring the starting moment of the bearing and the moment change when the bearing stably rotates and selecting appropriate steel balls by machining with the measured axial internal clearance so that the selectivepairing frequency is greatly reduced.


The intertemporal elasticity of substitution (IES) is estimated using the 1997 Consumption Tax rate increase in Japan, which represented an exogenous change in the real interest rate. Since the Japanese Consumption Tax is highly comprehensive and the tax rate increase was announced prior to implementation, it is an ideal natural experiment for estimating the IES. A Japanese monthly household survey is exploited to accurately categorize "non-durables" and to address intra-temporal substitution bias. We find that the IES is 0.21 and not significantly different from zero, but it is significantly less than one. Our results suggest that the impact of policies that affect the real interest rate will be small.


To develop the scientific work, field trials were performed at the Research Institute of Agronomy of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, in Skriveri in the time period from 2012 to 2016. Hypothesis of the thesis By using by-products of bioenergy production in fertilisation - fermentation residues or digestate and wood ash, it is possible to partially cover the requirements of energy grasses for nutrients, as well as to ensure their reuse. The aim of the thesis To find out the possibilities of growing reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) 'Bamse' and festulolium (× Festulolium pabulare) 'Felina' for energy production by using bioenergy production by-products in fertilisation – fermentation residues or digestate and wood ash, as well as to study possibilities of plant nutrient reuse in the system: soil – plants – digestate / ash – soil – plants. Research tasks 1. To evaluate digestate and wood ash as energy grasses fertilisers. 2. To find out the optimal norm and the regime of use of digestate in reed canary grass fertilisation. 3. To study the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium circulation cycle in the system: soil – plants – digestate / ash – soil – plants. 4. To perform economic evaluation of reed canary grass and festulolium fertilisation. The structure of the research paper Chapter 1 - The literature review includes five subchapters. The chapter provides a brief overview of bioenergy production technologies, examines perennial grasses in the context of bioenergy production, evaluates agrotechnical measures to ensure adequate grass biomass yield and quality for biogas and fuel feedstock production, examines plant nutrient circulation in bioenergy crop production systems, and provides agronomic assessment of by-product – digestate and ash fertiliser for use in energy grass plantations. Chapter 2 - Materials and Methods includes two subchapters. The chapter describes the methodology of test establishment, the studied material, the observations and analyzes performed, describes the meteorological conditions and describes the statistical analysis of data. Chapter 3 - The results and discussion include six subsections. The chapter analyzes the obtained results on reed canary grass and festulolium yield and changes in yield structure and quality due to the use of different fertilisers, norms and regimes, performing grassland dry matter yield inventory by mowing once and twice a year. The remove of plant nutrients from soil with dry matter yield, as well as changes in soil agrochemical parameters due to fertilisation were evaluated. An economic evaluation of reed canary grass and festulolium fertilisation has been performed. The conclusions include answers to the research tasks. The paper contains 34 tables, 41 figures, 53 annexes and 353 scientific source references.


We thank Dr Kellner and colleagues for their comments (Kellner et al. 2016) on our recent systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of bitemporal v. high-dose right unilateral (RUL) electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (Kolshus et al. 2017). We found no significant differences in scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (seven trials) or in remission rates (six trials) between the two forms of ECT, with some cognitive advantages for high-dose RUL ECT. Kellner et al. raise concerns that these results are misleading at the individual patient level and highlight the important issue of what to do if a patient does not respond sufficiently well to high-dose unilateral, or indeed bitemporal, ECT. It is generally accepted that randomized controlled trials are the preferred method of establishing differences in efficacy between treatments as potential biases are minimized (Sibbald & Roland, 1998). Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials offer the advantages of single trials with the added benefit of a larger body of evidence and statistical procedures to synthesize the data into a meaningful whole (Borenstein, 2009; OCEBM Levels of Evidence Working Group, 2011). Thus, we feel our results represent the best available evidence at the moment. This comes with the caveat that the results will be most relevant to patients similar to the ones recruited to the included trials. Indeed, a lack of external validity is a common criticism that may lead to poor take-up of treatments that have been shown to be beneficial in trials (Rothwell, 2005). Of note, one of the included trials included an analysis indicating that study participants did not differ significantly from eligible nonparticipants or the general population referred for ECT, supporting its generalizability (Semkovska et al. 2016). However, as we discussed in our paper, the most severely ill patients are typically excluded or unable to consent to participate in randomized controlled trials. These patients may benefit more, perhaps in terms of a quicker response, from bitemporal ECT but the strength of that evidence is actually quite limited (Kellner et al. 2010). With regard to the McCall et al. (2000) paper, the low response rates with RUL ECT in that study (39%) was in the group receiving treatment at a relatively low dose of 2.25 × seizure threshold (ST). This would not be considered 'highdose' RUL ECT (i.e. 55 × ST) and it is not surprising that the response rate was low. In the group receiving fixed-dose RUL ECT (with treatment doses varying from 3.15–12.6 × ST) the response was 67% (McCall et al. 2000). With regard to crossover treatment, we agree with Kellner et al. that this is an area lacking empirical evidence (McLoughlin, 2016). The Sackeim et al. (1993) study that is cited did not use what is now known as high-dose RUL ECT (but rather 2.5 × ST) and is therefore not relevant here (Sackeim et al. 1993). In the Sackeim et al. (2000) study, those who did not respond to their randomized treatment (8–10 sessions) were offered an open course of high-dose bitemporal ECT with 69% responding to this treatment. Interestingly, there was no difference in response based on initial randomized group status (including bitemporal ECT), making it difficult to establish whether it was the crossover aspect or merely a function of continuing treatment beyond 8–10 sessions that led to the eventual response (Sackeim et al. 2000). As Kellner et al. point out, crossover to bilateral electrode placement is a common strategy in clinical practice. However, the evidence-base is weak. Further trials incorporating crossover treatment would be helpful. We agree that it is currently not possible to predict 'which patient will respond to which technique' and are not advocating that high-dose RUL ECT should necessarily be the 'gold standard' for all patients despite its cognitive advantages. We do, however, believe that the current evidence-base is that high-dose RUL ECT represents an acceptable first line form of ECT and that patients should be provided with this information to help inform their own decisions.


We investigated how temperature affects the growth rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . We hypothesized that change in temperature would increase or decrease the abundance of S. cerevisiae over time. To conduct our study, we tested a total of 5 different temperatures; 17°C, 30°C, 35 ° C, 40°C, 45°C. On day one we used both incubators and water baths. We used 30°C as our control, found to be the optimal growing temperature in previous studies, and ran tests at 30°C in both the incubator and hot water bath to account for any differences in the two methods. On both days, we had 4 replicates at each temperature, growing for three hours, taking samples every hour. Our results showed that at 30°C, the cell density of S. cerevisiae cells was significantly higher than tubes incubated at the other temperatures, thus supporting our hypothesis. The reasoning we found to explain these results is that when the temperature is lower than 30°C, the kinetic processes within the cell slow down. In temperatures higher than 30°C, the functionality of the cell also decreases, due to increased ethanol accumulation.


This study has dealt with synthesis of doped strontium hexaferrite / zero-valent iron nanocomposite (SrFe 12 O /nZVI) and adsorption of Congo Red (CR) dye by the nanocomposite from aqueous solution was evaluated. The adsorbent was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Optimization of experimental conditions such as pH, initial concentration of pollutant, adsorbent weight, contact time, and temperature was done. Maximum removal efficiency was achieved at pH of 8.5, initial concentration of CR=20 μg mL -1 , adsorbent weight of 0.12 g with 15 min contact time and 25ºC temperature. Langmuir isotherm with R 2 =0.9959 seems to have best fit to the CR adsorption results. Also, kinetic studies revealed that adsorption of CR was fitted to the pseudo-second-order model with R 2 =0.9969. In addition, thermodynamic parameters were evaluated.


According to the current problems of business administration graduate students training, thi s paper has been intensively studied on the training process of graduate students in business administration from the perspective of information technology. An overall optimal framework of the optimization project of graduate students in business administration was put forward, which include the training process optimization process node, the results of the training process visualization, process tracking mechanism and culture training process interaction mechanisms. On this basis, practice popularization and application of ideas of optimization project are given to improve the clutivation quality of graduate students education.


The product of incomplete reaction of monomethylhydrazine (MMH) and nitrogen tetroxide (NTO) propellants, or fuel-oxidizer reaction product (FORP), has been hypothesized as a contributory cause of an anomaly which occurred in the chamber pressure (PC) transducer tube on the Reaction Control Subsystem (RCS) aft thruster 467 on flight STS-51. A small hole was found in the titanium-alloy PC tube at the first bend below the pressure transducer. It was surmised that the hole may have been caused by heat and pressure resulting from ignition of FORP. The NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) was requested to define the chemical characteristics of FORP, characterize its reactivity, and simulate the events in a controlled environment which may have lead to the Pc-tube failure. Samples of FORP were obtained from the gas-phase reaction of MMH with NTO under laboratory conditions, the pulsed firings of RCS thrusters with modified PC tubes using varied oxidizer or fuel lead times, and the nominal RCS thruster firings at WSTF and Kaiser-Marquardt. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC), ion chromatography (IC), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled to FTIR (TGA/FTIR), and mechanical impact testing were used to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the chemical, thermal, and ignition properties of FORP. These studies showed that the composition of FORP is variable but falls within a limited range of compositions that depends on the fuel loxidizer ratio at the time of formation, composition of the post-formation atmosphere (reducing or oxidizing), and reaction or postreaction temperature. A typical composition contains methylhydrazinium nitrate (MMHN), ammonium nitrate (AN), methylammonium nitrate (MAN), and trace amounts of hydrazinium nitrate and 1,1-dimethylhydrazinium nitrate. The thermal decomposition reactions of FORP compositions used in this study were unremarkable, Neither the various compositions of FORP, the pure major components of FORP, nor mixtures of FORP with propellant-system corrosion products showed any unusual thermal activity when decomposed under laboratory conditions. Off-limit thruster operations were simulated by rapid mixing of liquid MMH and liquid NTO in a confined space. The test hardware was constructed with pressure- and temperature-measurement devices to determine if the expected fuel oxidizer reaction would result in increased energy release when FORP, FORP constituents, or propellant-system corrosion products were present. These tests demonstrated that FORP, MMHN, AN, or Inconel corrosion products can induce a mixture of MMH and NTO to produce component-damaging energies. The simulation-test program was not extensive enough to provide statistical probabilities for these events but did show that such events can occur. Damaging events required FORP or metal salts to be present at the initial mixing of MMH and NTO. Based on the results of these studies, it is suggested that removal or mitigation of a buildup of these materials may decrease the incidence of these high-energy, potentially damaging events.


On the basis of series and shunt resistances determined from the dynamic characterization and fill factors obtained from the static I-V characterization, comparison is made for two solar cell modules having low and high fill factors. The established correspondence is observed between the FF, R/sub s/, and R/sub sh/. Dynamic characterization provides the voltage and frequency dependent R/sub d/, C/sub D/ and C/sub T/, in addition to the voltage independent resistances R/sub s/ and R/sub sh/ that can be obtained from static characterization. Dynamic characterization also yields information on comparative fill factors of modules, but not quantitative values. However, other essential electrical parameters of modules required to predict the grid interaction can only be obtained from the dynamic characterization. The implication is that if the main interest is in investigating the grid interaction, information from the dynamic characterization of modules are necessary and sufficient.


A qualitative analysis of geoid height associated with the of combined global gravity models EIGEN- GL04C obtained from the new gravimetrical missions GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) and the laser mission (LAGEOS - Laser Geodynamics Satellites); the global gravity model EIGEN-CG03C coming from CHAMP (Challenging Minisatellite Payload) and GRACE missions; and the new model EIGEN-05C obtained from the mission laser (LAGEOS) and gravimetric (GRACE) are presented. For evaluating these models, geoid heights derivates from GPS observation on bench-marks and a local gravity geoid model based on the remove-restore technique trough Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) were used for decomposing the different contributions of the height. The Preliminary Geopotential Model 2000 (PGM2000A) developed up to degree 360 was used as reference for long and regional wavelengths; a gravimetric digital model obtained from the combination of gravimetric and topographic data and terrestrial data was used to improve the resolution for the modeling short wavelengths. The evaluation study within in a region of study understood between the parallels 22oS and 27oS, and the meridians 48oW and 55oW, in the Parana State area.


The role groundnut growers, shellers and manufacturers of consumer groundnut products, together with USDA and FDA, played in forming a joint task force to develop a programme of research into incidence, causes and control of aflatoxin contamination of groundnuts and groundnut products is recounted


Investors who buy and sell stocks need current information to make informed choices. The stock exchange trades various stocks, and the decision-making process is affected by multiple factors. Predicting stock values is difficult due to their volatile nature. In this paper, we categorize the stock market prediction strategies according to the input data and the techniques used. The major works that explored the area of stock market prediction are discussed and their challenges are identified. Different techniques used for stock prediction and itâs limitations are studied. Various evaluation metrics used by researchers are also identified. Incorporating financial news, stock forum data, and social media sentiments can further improve the current stock prediction methods that use historical data or technical indicators only.


The work makes an effort to map the studies on the inclusion of dance in Physical Education, approaching the historical theoretical debate that marked his field from the 1990s. The analysis documentary corpus, covering the period 1990 to 2010, consists of 25 articles published in periodicals of expressiveness of Physical Education, cataloged by Proteoria group of Physical Education Center at Federal University of Espirito Santo, and articles published in CAPES periodicals database, available on the Internet. It concluded that despite the progress achieved with regard to the inclusion of dance in Physical Education classes, this content is still marginalized. In contrast, Brazilian theoretical production is presenting resolution proposals to problems that consider impede the full involvement of the dance at school, suggesting that efforts should go beyond the theoretical limits and into schools and universities.


Hydraulic power systems are commonly used in heavy industry (usually highly energy-intensive) and are often associated with high power losses. Designing a suitable system to allow an early assessment of the wear conditions of components in a hydraulic system (e.g., an axial piston pump) can effectively contribute to reducing energy losses during use. This paper presents the application of a deep machine learning system to determine the efficiency state of a multi-piston positive displacement pump. Such pumps are significant in high-power hydraulic systems. The correct operation of the entire hydraulic system often depends on its proper functioning. The wear and tear of individual pump components usually leads to a decrease in the pump's operating pressure and volumetric losses, subsequently resulting in a decrease in overall pump efficiency and increases in vibration and pump noise. This in turn leads to an increase in energy losses throughout the hydraulic system, which releases excess heat. Typical failures of the discussed pumps and their causes are described after reviewing current research work using deep machine learning. Next, the test bench on which the diagnostic experiment was conducted and the selected operating signals that were recorded are described. The measured signals were subjected to a time–frequency analysis, and their features, calculated in terms of the time and frequency domains, underwent a significance ranking using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (MRMR) algorithm. The next step was to design a neural network structure to classify the wear state of the pump and to test and evaluate the effectiveness of the network's recognition of the pump's condition. The whole study was summarized with conclusions.


The following translation has been excerpted from a special feature introducing the Nikkei Design magazine's Smart Design Awards for 2012. The editorial, written by the magazine's editors, has been selected for the way in which its description of the adjudication process for the award clearly articulates corporate interpretations of disaster readiness and social use in contemporary design. First published in 1987, Nikkei Design is a monthly magazine published in Tokyo by Nikkei Business Publications, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the business newspaper Nihon Keizai Shimbun.


This paper presents an in-depth study on how the magnitude of simultaneous switching output (SSO) noise is affected by on-chip supply grid resistances. A key observation of the study is that under certain circumstances, increasing the resistance of certain parts of a supply grid can be very effective in reducing SSO noise, and the gain from SSO noise reduction can significantly outweigh the resulted increase in static IR drop. Based on this observation, an enhanced power integrity analysis flow is proposed for high speed interface design. Unlike conventional practices, our proposed flow considers SSO noise and static IR drop as two closely interrelated issues, and addresses them in a co-design manner throughout the design process.


Seven key dimensions of a planning system, five reflecting its deisgn aspects and two tapping the organizational context of planning, are developed from the literature. Discriminant analysis is employed to evaluate the ability of these seven dimensions to distinguish between more effective and less effective planning systems, using three different criteria of planning effectiveness. While influences on effectiveness seem to vary depending on the effectiveness criterion used, on an overall basis, the most important dimensions were system capability (or its creativity and control orientation), resources provided for planning, and functional coverage. Portions of this paper were presented at the Fourth Annual Strategic Management Society Conference, Philadelphia, in October 1984. The authors would like to thank Jarmell Boyd, Patrick Gaughan, Linda Natal, and Loretta Riles for their administrative assistance during the data collection and analysis stages of the project on which this paper is based. The insightful comments and suggestions provided by the two anonymous reviewers and the editor are also gratefully acknowledged. The relationship between strategic planning (hereafter, planning) and organizational performance is one of the most extensively researched issues in the strategic management field. An illustrative list of studies addressing the impact of planning on performance includes Ansoff, Avner, Brandenburg, Portner, and Radosevich (1970), Fulmer and Rue (1974), Grinyer and Norburn (1975), Herold (1972), Karger and Malik (197b), Kudla (1980), Lindsay and Rue (1980), Malik and Karger (1975), Rue and Fulmer (1973), Thune and House (1970), and Wood and LaForge (1979). A complete review and critique is provided by Armstrong (1982) and Lorange (1979). Despite the large number of research efforts aimed at elucidating the linK between planning and performance, the results of the above body of research are fragmented and contradictory. This state of affairs has arisen because most previous research on the effectiveness of planning systems has suffered from two major conceptual shortcomings. Fi rst , most studies have used rather simplistic conceptualizations of the notion of planning. Thus, researchers have been attempting to show differences in financial performance between "planners" and "non planners" or "formal planners" and "informal planners". Second , most studies have been solely preoccupied with the linkage between planning and the financial aspects of corporate performance, even though conceptual writings on formal planning systems stress several non-financial and intangible benefits (Camillus, 197b; Steiner, 1979). With regard to the first issue, crude dichotomizations along a single dimension, namely the presence or absence of planning or its degree of formality, are clearly suspect, given that the debate as to what the term "planning" connotes is still a live one (Mintzberg, 1981; Snyder, 1982). Such conceptualizations are inconsistent with the multidimensional view of planning systems that is becoming more and more visible in the literature (e.g., King & Cleland, 1978; Lorange, 1979, 198U; Lorange & Vancil, 1977). Similarly, with regard to the second issue, the exclusive emphasis on financial performance is conceptually flawed and is open to attack as being narrowly focused. A broader concept of effectiveness is needed. A truly meaningful assessment of the value of planning systems should, therefore, recognize their multidimensional nature and the plurality of approaches that can be used to assess their worth. Such an assessment is attempted in this research study. Three distinctive features of this study should be noted. Fi rst , based on an extensive literature review, we identify seven distinct design and contextual dimensions of planning systems that are widely believed to influence their effectiveness. Second , we explicitly recognize the many possible meanings of effectiveness in the context of planning, and use multiple criteria for assessing planning system effectiveness. Thi rd , we cast the study in a comparative mode by using the technique of discriminant analysis in order to bring the differences between more effective and less effective planning systems into sharp relief. The purpose of this paper is to test the proposition that relatively more effective systems will differ from relatively less effective ones along the seven key design and contextual dimensions referred to above and that the relative importance of these dimensions will vary depending upon the criterion of effectiveness used. DIMENSIONS OF A PLANNING SYSTEM Planning systems are multi faceted management systems that are contextually embedded. Hence, they cannot be adequately described in terms of one or two characteristics such as "formality". Although employing different terminology, most writings (e.g., King & Cleland, 1978; Lorange & Vanci 1 , 1977; Steiner, 1979) emphasize the notion that planning systems are best described in multidimensional terms. Unfortunately, there is as yet no consensus as to what these dimensions are. Nevertheless, in one way or other, most researchers emphasize two sets of impacts on a planning system's effectiveness. These include (i) The design elements of the planning system and (ii) the organizational context of planning . We synthesized seven dimensions that tap these two aspects. Five design elements were included in this study. They are: (i) system capability, (ii) use of techniques, (iii) degree of attention to internal facets, (iv) degree of attention to external facets, and (v) functional coverage. The organizational context of planning was captured in the following two dimensions: (i) resources provided for strategic planning, including top management support, and (ii) resistance to planning, or, in Steiner's (1979) words, "anti-planni ng biases". While other dimensions can be identified that might conceivably influence the effectiveness of planning, the above seven have the support of an extensive literature. Also, they are variables that are relatively more amenable to control by managers. Table 1 summarizes the seven dimensions and indicates the literature support for each ot them. A brief discussion of each dimension is provided in the following paragraphs. INSERT TABLE 1 ABOUT HERE Design Elements System Capability. Strategic planning systems differ in the extent to which they emphasize creativity as opposed to control (Camillus, 1975; Shank, Niblock, & Sandal Is, 1973). It has been stressed that these two somewhat opposing orientations need to be balanced in order to enhance the effectiveness of a system. An excessive emphasis on creativity at the expense of control or vice versa is apt to be dysfunctional, we conceptualize systems capability in terms of the ability of the system to foster control as well as creativity. The creative capability of the system is assessed in terms of its ability to anticipate suprises and crises, its ability to adapt to unforeseen changes, etc. On the other hand, the control aspect of the system refers to the degree of emphasis given to managerial motivation, upward and downward communication within the organizational hierarchy, integration of diverse operational areas, etc. Use of Techniques. A variety of analytical techniques and methodologies have been developed to aid managers in identifying and dealing with strategic decisions and problems (Grant & King, 1979). The use of these techniques is one indication of the extent of formalization of the planning process. The extent of reliance on planning techniques and methodologies is also an indicator of the organization's approach to decision-making, i.e., comprehensive versus incremental (Fredri ckson , 1984). The extent of reliance on planning techniques is thus an important dimension of the planning system. Since the use of formal techniques is premised on the assumption that they lead to more effective definition and resolution of the i 1 1 -structured problems of planning, this dimension can also be expected to impact the effectiveness of the planning system itself


Various preventive, promotive, and curative efforts have been made by the government to prevent the increase in COVID-19 cases in the community. The successful endeavor to halt the transmission of COVID-19 undeniably requires the active participation and collaboration of diverse parties, one of which is Dasawisma cadres. The role of Dasawisma cadres who serves the community directly makes them vulnerable to COVID-19 so it is necessary to be COVID-19 vaccinated. This community service aims to increase the knowledge of Dasawisma cadres about COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant women. The education was carried out online through zoom meetings attended by 437 participants. Based on the analysis, it is known that the p value is 0.000 (<0.05), which means that the education provided was useful to improve the knowledge of cadres about vaccination for pregnant women. Hopefully, the education will be continued especially regarding the importance of boosters that promote by the government.


SOME RECENT CONTRIBUTIONS ARE PRESENTED TO THE DIFFUSION ANALYSIS OF WATER MOVEMENT IN UNSATURATED SOLIDS, TO THE THERMODYNAMICS OF WATER HELD IN SUCH SOLIDS, TO MOISTURE MOVEMENT UNDER TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS, AND TO THE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF ENTRAPPED AIR. THE LATTER, RATHER NOVEL, FIELD OF INQUIRY HAS THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE. /AUTHOR/


The present invention relates to a mother substrate unit of a liquid crystal display device, a plurality of the active matrix array; The test wiring connected to the active matrix array portion; Test pad coupled to the test line; And it provided with a first connection line for interconnecting the wiring test. Each of the active matrix array unit is in the data lines, the gate lines and crossing the data lines, the TFT connected to the gate lines and the data lines, the pixel connected to the TFT electrodes and the pixel electrodes TFT array, including the attached storage capacitor; Drive circuit for sequentially supplying a gate pulse to the gate lines; And includes a LOG wiring connecting said driving circuit and said test line. The first connection lines are connected to each other and the test wiring between the test pads and the wiring LOG.


This chapter offers a cursory examination of a few enemy orations found in the work of early imperial historians of Rome. It will be of necessity brief and highly selective. Lacking lengthy discussions focused on imperialism in their works, we must often turn to ancient historians' briefer comments on expansion, such as Arrian's mention of the purported Indian aversion to foreign wars, which serves as the epigraph to this chapter. Greco-Roman authors - such as those surveyed in this chapter - ineluctably discussed foreigners with an eye toward apologizing for Roman imperialism and colonialism. Thus ancient historians, like other writers from classical antiquity, treated non- Romans as the 'Other,' dehumanized objects of conquest in need of Roman domination. Roman historians often used enemy speeches to engage in criticism of specific examples of Roman foreign policy. These critiques at least half-heartedly aimed at questioning Roman pretences to engaging in defensive warfare. Keywords:ancient historians; colonialism; defensive warfare; dehumanized objects; Greco-Roman authors; imperial historians; imperialism


The huge economic significance of longevity risk for corporations, governments, and individuals has begun to be recognized and quantified. By virtue of its size and prevalence, longevity risk is the most significant life‐related risk exposure in financial terms and poses a potential threat to the whole system of retirement income provision. This article reviews the birth and development of the Life Market, the new market related to the transfer of longevity and mortality risks. We note that the emergence of a traded market in longevity‐linked capital market instruments could act as a catalyst to help facilitate the development of annuity markets both in the developed and the developing world and protect the long‐term viability of retirement income provision globally.


The invention belongs to the technical field of environment protection, particularly relates to a home position strengthening fermentation regenerated carbon source sewage disposal system for sewage plant. The system comprises structures including a primary adjusting tank, an alkaline fermentation tank, an adjusting tank a carbon source storage and the like tank, and devices including a pipeline, a meter and a dehydration, anhydration control system and the like. Primary sludge, excess sludge and urban utensil garbage from sewage plant are taken as the raw materials for strengthening fermentation to regenerate carbon source in the alkaline fermentation tank under certain temperature and certain pH after being adjusted by the primary adjusting tank, and then chemical agent is added into the adjusting tank, thus not only obtaining high-quality carbon source simply but also obtaining a byproduct which can be used as a fertilizer, and realizing stabilization, reduction, decontamination and utilization of waste sewage. The technique has the advantages of low investment, low running cost, steady quality of regenerated carbon source, high-value byproduct and the like.


Research Note 2-aminoacetophenone: Causal component of 'untypical aging flavour' ('naphthalene note', 'hybrid note') of wine From wines ( Vitis vinifera cvs Muller-Thurgau, Riesling, Silvaner) with an untypical aging note (also called 'naphthalene note' or 'hybrid note') 2-aminoacetophenone could be identified as the causal compound by GC-MS technique, after enrichment of the aroma constituents and fractionated separation of the extracts. This aroma compound known as 'foxy' smelling component of Labruscana grapes has not been found in V. vinifera evs up to now.


Dorii Ryuujo(1870-1953), who went to all the area in the Korean Peninsular entrusted a commision from Joseon government-general from Sep. 1911 to Jan. 1918, is an anthropologist operated the archaeological, folkloristic, ethnological research. Based on this, he wrote 『日本周圍民族の原始宗敎-神話宗敎の人種學的硏究-』. The book contains 「人種, 考古學上より觀たる鬱陵島」(page 161~192), which was put the result of the research in the field where he visited Ulleungdo in person in 1917. The photographs taken at that time keeps in the National Central library. There are the critical records and the picture data, which were informed the actual conditions of Ulleungdo in Japan's colonial rule of Korea. According to this, in case of Ulleungdo in 1910's, there is no Korean influence, but Japanese influence is prosperous because Ulleungdo's commercial power was already subordinated to Japan. Moreover, the transportation by land was operated by Japan, so the subordination got worse. That's why Dorii Ryuujo mentioned, "This island is everything in Izmo style, and it makes an impression visited in Izmo's hometown, in the coastal countryside. Also, it is quite interesting in the commercial business here. If you stay in Ulleungdo for a while, it seems like living in Sinemahyeon." and he emphasized Izmo's figure of Japan in Ulleundo. From this, Dorii Ryujo made certain that Ulleundo assimilated into Japanese culture.


The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging and even revolutionary technology with an immense impact on our everyday life. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a fast-growing technology that increases productivity and efficiency by combining the IoT platform with an existing industrial environment. IIoT networks are one of the main pillars for the success of the future Industry 4.0 and Cyber-Physical System (CPS) paradigm. The IIoT ecosystem represents a network of connected industrial devices that exchange and analyze collected data to enable new insights into industrial processes. Recently, intensive research activities have focused on cybersecurity issues for the IIoT. This chapter addresses the critical components of the IIoT security framework by analyzing the relevant aspects and providing an overview of state-of-the-art activities in this field. This chapter also discusses the IIoT architectural structure, applications, and underlying networking technologies, with a particular focus on security challenges and standardization activities. Cybersecurity of Industrial Internet of Things


Pharmaceutical companies often spend enormous sums to develop thousands of potential names for their products. The companies hope to develop "memorable, positive, and promising" names that are "distinctive enough to avoid confusion and serious medication errors," the Baltimore Sun reports (1 March 2004). The Food and Drug Administration rejects about 33% of the 200-300 names submitted to it each year.


As part of another investigation, we have had occasion to determine the σ-constants of the m and p-carbethoxyl and m-hydroxyl groups. The reactions and procedures have been described previously in detail.


Polymer solar cells have gained wide interest in the past few years. The most efficient polymer solar cells produced to date are bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic devices based on the blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and fullerene derivatives, such as [6,6]-penyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of these devices was greatly improved by thermal annealing or solvent annealing. However, the performance of devices is very sensitive to the annealing conditions. Herein, we demonstrate a simple and rapid fabrication process that involves using 2,2-bithiophene (BT) as an accelerant to induce the P3HT crystallization and control the BHJ morphology. Such devices exhibit similar PCE performance to those of thermally annealed devices. The UV-visible spectrum and x-ray diffraction reveal that P3HT chains in the composite film are packed in an ordered structure. With the optimal BT/P3HT weight ratio of 0.4, the transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the annealing-free film reveals a nanoscaled phase separation and interpenetrating network morphology like those of thermally annealed conventional film. These evidences demonstrate that this new approach is capable of applying on polymer solar cells with plastic substrate.


By the investigating evaluation of the situation of the Huang'an forest tourist landscape resource and in accordance with the conception,target and principal of the overall plan for the construction of the forest park,this article put forward the functional diversion area and environmental protect measures in the forest park.


To better understand the reaction of Arctic coasts to increasing environmental pressure, coastal changes along a 210‐km length of the Yukon Territory coast in north‐west Canada were investigated. Shoreline positions were acquired from aerial and satellite images between 1951 and 2011. Shoreline change rates were calculated for multiple time periods along the entire coast and at six key sites. Additionally, Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) measurements of shoreline positions from seven field sites were used to analyze coastal dynamics from 1991 to 2015 at higher spatial resolution. The whole coast has a consistent, spatially averaged mean rate of shoreline change of 0.7 ± 0.2 m/a with a general trend of decreasing erosion from west to east. Additional data from six key sites shows that the mean shoreline change rate decreased from −1.3 ± 0.8 (1950s–1970s) to −0.5 ± 0.6 m/a (1970s–1990s). This was followed by a significant increase in shoreline change to −1.3 ± 0.3 m/a in the 1990s to 2011. This increase is confirmed by DGPS measurements that indicate increased erosion rates at local rates up to −8.9 m/a since 2006. Ground surveys and observations with remote sensing data indicate that the current rate of shoreline retreat along some parts of the Yukon coast is higher than at any time before in the 64‐year‐long observation record. Enhanced availability of material in turn might favor the buildup of gravel features, which have been growing in extent throughout the last six decades.


In order to examine the area and the volume effects on breakdown strength in liquid nitrogen (LN/sub 2/), we measured dc and ac breakdown voltages in LN/sub 2/ with sphere to plane and coaxial cylindrical electrode configurations. We also carried out statistical analysis of the experimental results using the Weibull distribution and discussed with the statistical stressed electrode area (SSEA) and/or liquid volume (SSLV). The dc and ac breakdown strength in LN/sub 2/ decreased to 1/5 with increasing SSEA and SSLV over the wide range from 10/sup 0/to 10/sup 5/ mm/sup 2/ and from 10/sup -1/ to 10/sup 5/ mm/sup 3/, respectively. The Weibull shape parameter m for the sphere to plane and the coaxial cylindrical electrodes was estimated to be 6 to 8 and 11 to 13, respectively; the breakdown strength in LN/sub 2/ saturated with increasing SSEA and SSLV. From these results, it was verified that the area and the volume effects definitely determined the breakdown strength in LN/sub 2/. The results of the Weibull statistics were compared with the conventional concept of the stressed electrode area (SEA) and liquid volume (SLV). Consequently, SSEA or SSLV was found to be nearly equal to 80 to 85% of SEA or SLV. >


A method for measuring at least one target polypeptide in the sample a target polypeptide subjected to posttranslational modifications, compositions, and kits are provided. Sample and the mixture comprising the first reagent containing the first binding agent for binding sites on the target polypeptide is induced cutting portion and two days Ana combination of each coupling portion is placed under the conditions. Binding sites are the result of posttranslational modification activities, including the target polypeptide. Method can be used to measure the target polypeptide itself. In yet another embodiment, it is related to the presence and / or amount and / or activity of functional factors, such as the presence of the target polypeptide and / or after translation of the amount of target polypeptide and the enzyme involved in the modification. A first interaction with a binding agent and the binding site is associated with this polypeptide, to cause the cutting portion so as to be closer to the cutting portion can be considered to be cut only at portions close to induce cutting. In this way there is the electrophoretic tags for the respective polypeptide can be released. The presence of the release electrophoretic tags are separated from the target polypeptide and / or amount is determined on the basis of the electrophoretic taegi.


Aim To analyze reasons for postoperative restlessness in 1,200 cases of patients who underwent the endotracheal anesthesia,and to put forward appropriate control strategy.Methods The incidence and restless degree(press 0~3 grade evaluation)were observed.All kinds of bad stimulation caused by the incidence of postoperative restless and degrees;Different operative category,anesthetic methods,gender,character,blood type,the proportion of postoperative restless happened;Antagonist snooze,postoperative analgesia and extubated timing with the relationship of postoperative restless.Results 258 patients happen different degree of postoperative restless,with an incidence of 21.50%.All kinds of bad stimulation caused the occurrence of Postoperative restless,pain accounted for 53.49%,the endotracheal tube stimulation of 30.23%,urinary canal stimulation of 8.91%,the psychological stress of 3.48%,other factors of 3.88%.Postoperative patients with thoracic surgeries restless occurence rate is highest,static suction composite general anesthesia than all by intravenous anesthesia,more boys than girls,extroverted person more than introverted person,type A blood person more than those of other kinds of blood;the other than Intraoperative use Picasso antagonism snooze medicine easy happening postoperative restless,Postoperative analgesia before waking and extubated can obviously reduce the incidence of postoperative restless.Conclusion Postoperative pain caused stimulation is restless the main cause.Choose the correct anesthetic technique and reasonable anesthesia management,avoid extubated when bad moving restlessly stimulation and give full of postoperative analgesia,can obviously reduce or avoid the occurrence of postoperative restless.