The study of radiation damage in different cell systems has been intensive during the last decade. Noel1 et al. (1954), Cibis et al. (1955) and Brown et al. (1955) have studied the radiation effects on the retina, with respect to electrophysiology, morphology and metabolism and have reported interesting data concerning an organ which together with the brain has been looked upon as radioresistant. The change in the ERG after x-radiation is of great interest, since it is a sensitive method that can be used repeatedly in patients. The possibility of following the ERG in patients treated with ionizing radiation would give the clinician an idea of the systemic effects. However, the nature of the ERG is still obscure, and it is not known exactly in which part or layer of the retina the different ERG components originate. As the cell elements in the retina differ from each other in radioresponsiveness, one could expect changes in ERG that would differ at different dose levels. In the investigations cited above a morphological technique was used for describing the changes in the single cells. Using a technique, by which small and reversible changes can be demonstrated, it should be possible to correlate small changes in ERG with small changes in the different cell elements and thus provide more detailed information concerning the nature of the ERG. The present investigation was performed in order to correlate the effects of irradiation on the ERG and the different cell elements in the retina. This part o f the study concerns the inner ganglion cells of the retina.


Emulation between operator of seluler at the moment very tight once. This matter claim marketings to provide product which with quality and accepted by market. This research try to assist marketing to reply all the challenge with influence correlation is quality of product to purchasing decision-making processes. Case study the selected is Nokia ponsel because as power of market of ponsel specially in Indonesia. Result of research mention that variable is quality of product have an effect on positive and signifikan to purchasing decision-making processes, and product reliability variable have most dominant influence. In the end company suggested that by more is improving their product reliability through Quality control and intake of gilt edged material raw.


An alkaliphilic and halophilic bacterium,DQ-1,which can survive under wide range of NaCl concent ration(0~25%) and pH(6~10),was isolated from the saline-alkali soil of Daqing by plate method.Through study on its morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16SrDNA sequence homology comparison.The cells of DQ-1 are rods,diameter about 0.5~0.8 μm,the optimum growth conditions are 3% NaCl,30 ℃,pH=7.5.The homology analysis showed that 16SrDNA homologies was 99% between strain DQ-1 and many kinds of Nesterenkonia bacteriums.The phylogenetic tree showed that the relationship between strain DQ-1 and Nesterenkonia bacterium was the closest.Combination analysis of physiological and biochemical the strain DQ-1 was identified as a subspecies of salt-tolerant Nesterenkonia.The optimal reaction condition for DQ-1 strain amylase was NaCl at 2%,pH value of 7~7.5 and temperature of 40 ℃.The amylase was still activity at 2% NaCl and pH is 5~12.The amylase produced by DQ-1 strain was an extreme enzyme with saline-alkali widely.


Unusual educational specimen or innovative model? For years many people have viewed Alverno College as something to observe with interest, but impossible to emulate. Now they are taking a second look and discovering that there is much Alverno College can teach us about educating students. The author details these important lessons-lessons we can no longer afford to ignore.


EPICS, SPECTACLES, AND BLOCKBUSTERS: A HOLLYWOOD HISTORY Sheldon Hall and Steve Neale. Detroit: Wayne Sate University Press, 2010. 363 pp.Since Georges Melies's rocket crashed onto a craterous lunar face in his fantasy film A Trip to the Moon (1903), a sense of the extraordinary has been synonymous with the movies. A tautological term for the fantastic has been designated to every genre of film: from a historical "feature" to a biblical "epic" or even a "spectacular" war film. Hall and Neale painstakingly explore the significance of these and other terms, why they were applied, and how they have evolved into the blockbuster concept of today.By examining the early history of cinema, the authors demonstrate the fluidity of early definitions such as "specials," "superspecials," and "features." Size, scale, expense, length of program, star and studio involvement, and high production values became key ingredients for use of the terms "epic" and "spectacle." D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation (1915) and European imports such as Quo Vadis? (1913) are cited as early examples of lavish films primarily marketed as epic or spectacular in an attempt to bring prestige and profit to the producers, distributors, and exhibitors. It was not until 1952 that the term "blockbuster" entered the public vernacular. The authors cite Variety (139) with using the term in its review of the Hollywood remake of Quo Vadis (1952). Nuggets of information such as how "blockbuster," initially used to describe a heavy bomb in World War II, became analogous to a weapon against the competition from television-and eventually became synonymous with the concept of the epic and spectacular film-make this book more than just a compendium of facts.This book extensively scrutinizes the distribution practices that dominated early cinema. At a time when films consisted of just a few reels, charging exhibitors according to the length of the film (e.g., fifteen cents a foot) was the norm. As films became longer and more expensive, this practice became obsolete, giving rise to other methods of distribution-such as the states rights system; open, selective, and program booking; and roadshowing- in attempts to ensure profitable box office returns, especially on prestigious productions that cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. By the 1930s, price-fixing, block booking, and blind selling ensured that the major studios exerted a vice-like grip on distribution that persisted for almost twenty years. Only intervention from the Supreme Court in 1948 facilitated the separation of distribution from exhibition and so quashed the monopoly of the Big Five. With the decline of the studio system, a rise in conglomerate ownership, and the rise of a youth market in the malls, the use of product marketing to drive the concept and selling of pictures was established. Star Wars (1977) is cited not only for the second coming of sound-in Dolby Stereo-but also for merchandising and sales tie-ins, which continue to dominate the marketing and distribution of films today.The book also covers social upheavals such as Vietnam and the end of the Cold War, as well as more recent media developments, including the commercialization of state broadcast systems, audience fragmentation, the Internet, and video gaming. The authors explore how these developments ushered in new variations of the blockbuster to include comic book adaptations and sci-fi, action adventure with contemporary settings, historical action films, and the new generation of disaster films. …


Let G be a graph with vertex set V=V(G) and edge set E=E(G). An injective function f:V --> {0,1,2,...,|E|} is called graceful labeling if f induces a function f*(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)| which is a bijection from E(G) to the set {1,2,3,...,|E|}. A graph which admits a graceful labeling is called a graceful graph. In this paper, we show that torch graph On is a graceful graph.


Maintenance Scheduling (MS) is one of the most persistent issues that might arise in a manufacturing facility. It is crucial to do routine maintenance on machinery in order to avoid unplanned breakdowns. This type of failure could cause costly manufacturing process interruptions. Numerous strategies have been developed in an effort to deal with MS. But because each system has specific requirements and limitations, this is a particularly challenging problem. The scheduling of maintenance for machine units at a manufacturing facility that produces aluminum in moderate amounts is explored in this study using a dynamic programming approach. The Maintenance Scheduling model is put into practice using a Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) strategy after an investigation of the architecture and infrastructure of the plant. By maintaining machines at acceptable dependability values and minimizing maintenance costs, this method is created to optimize the maintenance schedule. Here, factors like reliability and failure rate that affect the MS problem are discussed and investigated. Applying the model to a situation that represents the aluminum manufacturing allows it to be tested in a variety of different circumstances. The results of applying the model to the test cases are given, followed by a discussion of the results. The results obtained are reasonable and show that the dynamic programming strategy is a successful way to fix the MS issue that the manufacturing plant's machines are experiencing.


In order to recognize the safety and immunogenticity of influenza (flu) vaccine, especially the dose forms used for children, we carried out a study of the safety and immunogenicity of VAXIGRIP inoculated in children and adults in Tianjin at the end of 1999. A total of 53 adults (aged between 25~55 years old) and 69 children (aged between 6 months-3 years old) were included. The side-effect rates of adults and chilaren were 3.8% and 8.7% respectively, while the antibody positive seroconversion rates reached 92.2% and 85.8% respectively. The study showed that both the children dose form and the adult dose form of VAXIGRIP are with good immunogenicity and safety.


The ILWAS model was developed for the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to predict the effect of acid deposition on surface water chemistry. This paper summarizes a sensitivity analysis conducted for the ILWAS model. The important variables in ILWAS were identified in an application of the model to the Panther Lake watershed in the Adirondack Mountains in the state of New York. The sensitivity analysis was found to be useful in eliminating the least sensitive hydrologie and chemical variables, thus simplifying the task of calibration of the model. INTRODUCTION To better understand the acidification process in a watershed, scientists have developed physically based mathematical models which quantify the linkage between atmospheric deposition and stream water quality (e.g. Chen et al-, 1983; Christophersen et al., 1982; Cosby et a l , 1985). The ILWAS (Integrated LakeWatershed Acidification Study) model developed by Chen et al. (1983) is, at the present, the most comprehensive simulator. However, ILWAS requires extensive information on watershed physical and chemical characteristics which limits its use. Sensitivity analysis enables the identification of the important parameters in the model which require precise data. Less sensitive parameters can then be approximated by using the information in the literature or can be estimated by experience (Chang et al., 1986). Consequently, a sensitivity analysis was performed to simplify the ILWAS model by using data collected for the Panther Lake watershed in the Adirondack region of the state of New York. THE ILWAS MODEL The ILWAS (Integrated Lake-Watershed Acidification Study) was funded by the Electric Power Research Institute from 1977 to 1984. ILWAS was an interdisciplinary, multi-institutional study of three forested watersheds (Panther, Woods, Sagamore) in the Adirondack Mountains of New York State. Details of the model including its formulation were presented by Gherini et al. (1983) and by Goldstein et al. (1985). The following paragraphs give a brief overview of the model structure. The ILWAS model conceptualizes a spatially heterogeneous watershed system in subcatchments, stream segments and lake(s). Each subcatchment contains compartments representing the canopy, the snowpack, and the soil


Download PDF Ebook and Read OnlineYearbook Of The European Convention On Human Rights%0D. Get Yearbook Of The European Convention On Human Rights%0D Reviewing routine will certainly always lead people not to pleased reading yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D, a publication, 10 e-book, hundreds books, and also much more. One that will certainly make them feel completely satisfied is finishing reading this book yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D and getting the notification of the books, after that discovering the other following book to read. It continues an increasing number of. The moment to complete reviewing a book yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D will certainly be constantly different depending upon spar time to spend; one instance is this yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D When you are rushed of task deadline as well as have no concept to obtain inspiration, yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D publication is among your remedies to take. Book yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D will offer you the appropriate source and point to get inspirations. It is not just about the jobs for politic business, administration, economics, and various other. Some bought tasks making some fiction your jobs additionally need motivations to get over the work. As what you need, this yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D will most likely be your option. Now, just how do you understand where to get this e-book yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D Don't bother, now you may not visit guide store under the brilliant sun or evening to browse the publication yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D We below consistently assist you to locate hundreds type of publication. One of them is this e-book entitled yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D You might go to the web link page provided in this set and also then go for downloading. It will certainly not take even more times. Merely attach to your website accessibility as well as you could access guide yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D online. Obviously, after downloading yearbook of the european convention on human rights%0D, you could not publish it.


Measles is an exanthematous illness caused by a Paramyxaviridae, it is highly contagious. The virus is transmitted by transfer of nasopharyngeal secretions to the respiratory mucous membranes or conjuntivas of susceptible individuals, the more frequent complication is pneumonia. Before vaccination was available, epidemics occurred in children, usually by spring, now it appears in teenagers and young adults. An optimal coverage exceeding 95% is desirable. Measles vaccine given by aerosol can be a good alternative for mass vaccination, for children less than 1 year old and as a booster, not only because of the lower risk of complications but because of good levels of immunization.


Somatic chromosome numbers for 10 taxa and karyotypes analysis for 6 taxa of Korean Vicia were investigated. Somatic chromosome numbers of treated taxa were 2n


Patient safety has always been related to an ethical-deontological character and the need that society has with his members. Provide a safe and quality dental service, is an undoubted merit for anyone. However, this evolution to provide safe care in the dental profession has been delayed by the characteristics of the formation of the dentist and the ignorance of users. Recently it is demanding, with a normative sense, that health professionals in the field of dentistry providing dental care under the rules of the international movement of Patient safety. The great difficulty is that the functional structure of dental services have a particular relationship to the development of utilitarian raise productivity and a change in its composition.


Background: Intra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation (IABC) with a 50 cc (MEGA 50™) balloon catheter is associated with an average increase of 0.5- 0.7 liters/min in cardiac output. However, some pati...


Introduction: Carmustine-impregnated biodegradable wafers provide a locoregional adjunct to the treatment of patients with high-grade glial neoplasms. Their impact is that of delivering a chemotherapeutic agent directly to the tumor site at the time of neurosurgical intervention with a resulting increased local drug concentration and an ongoing therapeutic effect lasting several days to weeks. Areas covered: This manuscript reviews the preclinical and clinical studies that established carmustine-impregnated wafers as a locoregional therapy in the treatment of de novo as well as recurrent high-grade gliomas and compares it with other locoregional modalities currently under development. A pertinent English language literature search dating back to 1990 was undertaken. Expert opinion: Carmustine-impregnated wafers represent but one component of a multimodality armamentarium for the treatment of high-grade gliomas. The development of biodegradable compounds capable of incorporating additional therapeutic agents beyond carmustine is a subject of ongoing research. Integration of diverse treatment modalities into the management of complex high-grade cancers, taking advantage of predictive markers of efficacy, be they molecular or otherwise, will remain a major focus of clinical research in the second decade of this century.


Abstract: Various technologies have been utilized to implement the safety of life and property byinstalling high quality CCTV cameras. It is not possible to manually monitor each and every moment activity. Furthermore, in practical scenario the most unpredictable one is human behaviour and it is very difficult to find whether it is suspicious or normal. In this work the notion of CNN is used to detect suspicious or normal activity in an environment, and a systemis proposed that sends an alert message to the similarity authority, in case of predicting a suspicious activity. It's worth noting that the effectiveness of a suspicious activity detection system relies on the quality of the training data, the architecture of the Machine Learning model, and the deployment environment. Ongoing monitoring, regular updates, and continuousimprovement are important for maintaining the system's accuracy and adapting it to new and emerging types of suspicious activities


I spent my elective in a small and extraordinarily busy hospital in the highlands of North XYemen, by far the poorest country of the Arabian peninsular. I went there, partly to see the medical problems of the Third World, partly because before starting medicine I read Arabic at Cambridge, which during my long medical course had begun to rust, and also because I never find it dull travelling in the Middle East. The hospital has 50 beds, each doctor sees 60-90 patients a day in the outpatient department, and the catchment population of the hospital is perhaps five million. It is a "highish" tech hospital funded by the Saudi government and perhaps a little incongruous in a country too impoverished to afford any real primary health care system of its own. Most of the doctors there have been recruited in Europe or the Far East and cannot speak Arabic let alone the rich dialects of the Northern Yemhenis. So in the hospital budget there is generous provision for interpreters-generous in numbers, that is, not salary. The interpreters earn about $8 while the doctors earn $150-300 plus a day. Many of the interpreters are highly qualified, Western university graduates in the humanities and sciences, speaking six to eight languages fluently, but now exiled, passportless refugees from the wars in Ethiopia and tritrea. They could become well trained flip flop doctors (the Yemeni equivalent of barefoot), but the hospital, though funded by Saudi money is administered by a private company and it is not in their contract or their interests to waste resources in training up people to practise preventive medicine. The interpreters work hard, sitting between highly proficient, highly qualified Western style specialists and a simple, unsophisticated , unpretentious rural population. They often have a poor impression of bewildered Yemenis on whom the high tech of Western medicine has suddenly descended. "Ah," the interpreters say, "thee are primitive people." In the most perfect of worlds many Arabic words are untranslatable into English-the language of everyday hospital business-or express incomprehensible concepts with a richness that is impossible to grasp until you have spoken Arabic for fhtany years. In Yemen, especially, exactitude is not usual at the best of times let Alone when the local people have to describe their symptoms. After all, why should every shadow and nuance be able to be expressed in some narrow Western scientific paradigm? Do we really …


Abstract : The U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO) is tasked to provide the Global Positioning System (GPS) with a reliable and stable reference to UTC(USN0). This is accomplished using GPS Precise Positioning Service (PPS) timing receivers with a UTC(USN0) reference input. The USNO monitors GPS Time from all available healthy satellites. On a daily basis, the GPS Time correction, based on the entire constellation with respect to UTC(USNO), is determined and provided to the GPS Master Control Station (MCS) 2nd Satellite Operations Squadron (2 SOPS) at Schriever AFB in Colorado. The USNO s GPS PPS operations have been limited to a single-channel receivel; which only allows tracking of one satellite at a time. Since February 2000, the USNO has been evaluating a 12-channel GPS PPS timing receiver, based on the GPS Monitor Station receiver. The unit is capable of tracking P(Y)-code and removes the effects of Selective Availability (SA). This paper describes the various tests conducted, the receiver s performance, and expected improvements to the USNO GPS PPS operations.


Since World War II, researchers have been interested in exploring the injury mechanisms involved in primary blast on  the  thorax by using animal models and surrogates. These studies were mostly concerned with the finding of the  lung  injury threshold and the relationship between the physical components of the air blast‐wave and the biological response. Studies have also been conducted to investigate the effect of repeated blast  exposures  on  the  injury  outcomes  and  threshold.  This  has  led  to  several  injury  criteria,  such  as  the Bowen's Curves or  the Axelsson's Chest Wall Velocity Predictor. This paper aims at doing a critical  literature review of this specific topic.


The process of formulating reclamation strategies is a complex and multi-disciplinary process. In life, the characteristic of relevant policy formulation is the lack of information related to the economic value of ecosystem services, which involves the consequences of losses caused by land reclamation. This article presents a present in order to introduce a willingness to pay (WTP) valuation method based on an easy-to-understand questionnaire for the loss of ecosystem services. A sample of 750 residents chooses and uses a hypothetical open payment card question, the purpose is to ask the interviewee WTP to be interviewed face to face. The results showed that the respondents, overall 88.7%, produced a positive WTP (WTP>0), while the average WTP was 362.19 yuan (RMB) per household year.


Objective To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of the urokinase thrombolytic treatment to acute cerebral infarction.Methods 56 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomLy divided into urokinase group and the control group,control group received conventional therapy,urokinase group were given urokinase infusion therapy on the basis of conventional therapy,clinical therapy of the two groups were observed.Results The total effective rate of urokinase group was 96.43%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group,78.57%,total efficiency of the two groups had significant difference(P0.05);the average reduction of neurological deficit of the UK group was significantly higher than that of the control group,there was significant difference between the two groups(P0.01).Conclusion Kinase thrombolytic therapy has significantly therapeutic effect for acute cerebral infarction and safety,which is a better thrombolytic drug for acute cerebral infarction.


As a young boy in the 1930s, Jacob Taubes (1923-1987) and his family left Austria for Switzerland to escape Nazism. In Switzerland, Taubes received both ordination as a rabbi and a classical education in philosophy (culminating in a doctorate), before going on to further study with Leo Strauss in New York and Gershom Scholem in Jerusalem. Taubes held teaching positions at Harvard and Princeton before attaining permanent academic positions at Columbia and the Free University of Berlin, the last of which he held until his death in 1987. Ranging widely from Biblical hermeneutics to the philosophy of Heidegger to the interpretation of Hobbes1 to the political thought of Carl Schmitt, Taubes's works take up an impressive range of issues in political theory, the sociology of religion, and the politics of his own time. Aside from his doctoral dissertation from the late 1940s, Occidental Eschatology (Abendländische Eschatologie), most of the writings which appeared during his lifetime took the form of essays, reviews, editions, opinion pieces, and contributions to edited volumes. All of his other monographs, from To Carl Schmitt (Ad Carl Schmitt, 1987) to his widely read Political Theology of Paul (Die Politische Theologie des Paulus, 1993), From Cult to Culture (Vom Kult zur Kultur, 1996), and Apocalypse and Politics (Apokalypse und Politik, 2017), were published posthumously. Curiously, the first of these posthumous works to be published in German, To Carl Schmitt, is the most recent to appear in English translation. This book assembles a number of Taubes's occasional writings on Schmitt's works, as well as part of their correspondence. A fuller scholarly edition2 of their correspondence appeared in German shortly before the appearance of Tribe's 2013 English translation. There are many poignant, subtle, and sharp phrases of the rabbi, intellectual historian, and political theorist which are rendered aptly, even beautifully, in the translation, which is published by Columbia University Press under the title To Carl Schmitt, Letters and Reflections. However, there are also many places in this translation where Taubes's quotation marks have disappeared, his ellipses have been omitted, and even whole phrases and sentences have been silently cut from the text. In some instances, Taubes's quotation marks signaling direct quotations from Heidegger have been omitted, in other instances Taubes's sentences have been truncated and his claims have been altered. Here I will focus on some of the alterations and truncations relevant to political philosophers and historians of political thought wishing to think with (or against) Jacob Taubes, as well as those wishing to reconstruct Taubes's political thought. Taubes's Ad Carl Schmitt, Gegenstrebige Fügung presents a detailed portrait and radical critique of anti-Jewish sentiment in the thought of Carl Schmitt and his circle, as well as the prevalence of such sentiments in the early years of the German Federal Republic more broadly. However, in Tribe's English translation this portrait and critique are at times dampened or even suppressed and omitted altogether. Two instances of this facet of the translation are particularly noteworthy. First, in the third section of the collection, Gegenstrebige Fügung presents four excerpts or citations from letters written by Carl Schmitt to the extreme right publicist Armin Mohler in which Schmitt discusses his relation to Jacob Taubes. In the first of these citations, Schmitt in 1952 relates the story of sharing a letter written by Taubes to a fellow traveler in the politics of the German Right:


In Zeuxine strateumatica (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), anther primordium developed two thecae, oriented towards the labellum. Each theca developed a mass of densely cytoplasmic archesporial cells. These cells divided mitotically to form sporogenous cells. The anther wall formed by hypodermal layer and consisted of an endothecium, a middle layer and tapetum. Simultaneously, each sporogenous cell below the hypodermal layer, acted as initial of an individual massulla. Each initial underwent repeated mitotic divisions to form an individual massula. A sterile septum divided each theca into two locules. The pollen mother cells underwent asynchronous meiosis and resulted into microspore tetrads. The tetrads remain united as massulae. Each microspore developed into a 2-celled male gametophyte. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies were shown that mature pollen grains were monoapurturate and fabricated a reticulate exine. The elastoviscin united the massullae of adjacent locules to form a bipartite pollinium in each theca.


With optimal adjustment of the process of globalization and accelerate China's economic policy, cross-border e-commerce transactions are springing up rapidly. Become a branch of import and export trade torrent integral, innovative and vitality. However, the problem is the logistics market after vigorous Restrictive factors. How to break this bottleneck? By analyzing the environment under the cross-border E-commerce logistics problems and to explore the effective strategies for future development, put forward their own little thinking.


Objective : Urinary tract infections are considered among the most common infections, occurring either in the community or health-care setting. We are left with very few options for the treatment due to rapid development of antibiotic resistance among the organisms. To find out the prevalence of various types of β-lactamases among urinary isolates. Methods : Seven antibiotic discs (HiMedia) were placed in combinations and approximation in a particular sequence on a 90 mm diameter MuellerHinton agar plate. Results : Out of a total 165 urinary isolates, 66 (40%) isolates were positive for extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) activity was present in 31 (18.78%) isolates, co-production of both ESBL and AmpC was seen in 16 (9.69%) isolates, 3 (1.81%) isolates produced metallo β-lactamase (MBL), 2 (1.21%) isolates produced both MBL, and ESBL and 1 (0.60%) isolates were positive for inducible third generation cephalosporin resistance. Conclusion: With the presence of such high prevalence of various β-lactamases in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli and also other types of antibiotic resistance, antibiotic policy should be made, and strict adherence should be followed. Keywords : Extended spectrum β-lactamase, AmpC β-lactamase, Metallo β-lactamase.


We demonstrate a fully programmable two dimensional pulse shaper, capable of fine resolution control over a broad bandwidth. Experimental results show line-by-line shaping of frequency combs, highlighting an application in radio frequency arbitrary waveform generation.


Contemporary culture is increasingly captured by and reflected in visual materials. Preserving and providing intellectual access to visual records will become an increasingly important aspect of archival work as such materials proliferate and are widely available in electronic form. Visual literacy, an evolving concept best defined as the ability to understand and use images and to think and learn in terms of images, is an essential skill for archivists and researchers using visual materials. Archivists of all media should strive to increase their visual literacy because of the complex ways in which visual and "traditional" textual documents interrelate. Archivists can approach visual literacy by becoming familiar with levels of visual awareness; participating in the ongoing discourse about the nature of literacy, including the relationships between visual and textual literacy; and increasing understanding of the special characteristics of image-creating technologies as well as the conventions and modes of expression associated with particular media. Expanded visual literacy will help archivists to understand and better describe visual resources as well as traditional documents and other materials of record. The results, improved finding aids and catalog records, will keep pace with anticipated expanding requirements of the research community. Most archivists recognize that contemporary culture is increasingly captured by and reflected in visual and audiovisual documents, and that the proliferation of such materials presents new challenges to the archival profession. Archivists have demonstrated their appreciation of these challenges by organizing conference panels, workshops, committees, professional associations, and Internet discussion groups dedicated to exploring archival issues related to visual media. The concerns voiced in these forums have, with few exceptions, focused on understanding the physical aspects of the media for practical ends. Preservation techniques, scanning equipment and methods, and the technological manipulations needed for multimedia applications are among the most frequently discussed topics. These efforts to deal with physical and practical aspects of visual materials are essential, but archivists should also devote corresponding attention to underlying intellectual issues. Case studies on use and interpretation of visual materials in specific historical and cultural contexts, examinations of the complex and shifting relationships between print media and audiovisual media, and focused explorations of the This content downloaded from 126.96.36.199 on Fri, 29 Jul 2016 04:50:27 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 108 ARCHIVAL ISSUES Vol. 21, No. 2, 1996 technology and material characteristics of visual media in relation to their intellectual contents will become increasingly necessary as these materials come to constitute more of, and interrelate more closely with, the contemporary archival record. An adequate knowledge base supports any practice, and understanding the characteristics of visual materials is crucial to archival practices such as appraisal, arrangement, and description. Furthermore, a level of competence and sophistication with the intellectual issues presented by a record's visual content is increasingly important for archivists of any medium. Contemporary, overlapping, and obsolete document forms are peculiarly interrelated. New materials of record require archivists to rethink their perceptions about concurrent or previously used document forms, and therefore to rethink their conceptions of archival theory and practice. "A new medium," as Walter Ong has observed, "transforms not only the one which immediately precedes it but often all of those which preceded it all the way back to the beginning."1 Explorations of the present dimensions of literacy and its future are of increasing philosophical and practical importance. "What will be the intellectual character of the new society, [and what will constitute the] 'literacy' of its people?" asked the editor of a 1982 issue of Daedalus entitled "Print Culture and Video Culture." How should those who engage intensively with documents archivists and historians, for instance conceive of, cope with, respond to, and prepare for these changes?2 More specifically, how should archivists approach visual materials in an informed manner, or approach "traditional" materials with a knowledge of their relationship to visual materials? The declaration that this is a culture reliant on visual communication, and that all members of such a culture require a particular set of abilities for interpreting images, is by now familiar.3 How can archivists achieve a professional consciousness of these skills? Understanding the visual content of documents entails facility with a complex and little understood set of skills, described in this paper as "visual literacy." Visual literacy is essential for people bombarded by television, news photos, advertisements, digital images on the World Wide Web, and other aspects of our contemporary super abundance of visual stimulation. Yet how is visual literacy practiced? What individual skills does it require? Does it involve a solely interpretive set of skills, or has it an expressive component as well? How does it relate to other communications processes? Is visual literacy merely a component of human cognitive development, or is it learned, and thus tied to culture-specific conventions for communication? If the latter, then by what methods can it be taught? If visual communication is a form of "literacy," then to what extent can the dimensions of visual information be understood by analogy to language? By extension, to what extent can visual materials be understood by analogy to traditional textual materials? Whether archivists consciously consider these questions or not, they affect daily archival work. Whether they realize it or not, archivists who work with visual materials, even on an occasional basis, grapple with visual awareness on several levels. Archivists, like others, will have to wait for a full understanding of the implications of visual materials. Additional research and additional hindsight are required. In the meantime, there are ways in which archivists can begin to gain an interesting and useful understanding of visual literacy issues. This paper serves as a preliminary articulation of questions about the nature of visual expression and interpretation, and a preliminary This content downloaded from 126.96.36.199 on Fri, 29 Jul 2016 04:50:27 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


This paper reports some main theoretical and practical aspects of Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) mechanism on GaAs substrate. And the paper also briefly outline some new phenomena: the Au droplets/clusters formation as well as the nanowire growth phenomena in the region without Au that are as the results of the out diffusion of Au outward to the region up to 40 or 80 μ from an Au layer edge depending on growth temperature; the etching process so called the reverse VLS, and the formation of the empty Au voids in an thicker Au layer during the nanowires growth process. Some our experimental results of synthesis of GaAs semiconductor nanowires are briefly shown and discussed.


The article analyzes innovation communications (InCo) as a factor for the innovation networks development. It is shown that the necessity to use InCo practice is due to the complexity of processes in high-tech sectors and the relevance of the development of appropriate organizational and economic tools for marketing relations. The main goals of the innovation networks development are determined. In the context of the study of factors for the innovation networks development, the role of relationship marketing, which involves the constructing long-term mutually beneficial relations with key partners of the economic entity, should be noted. It is determined that relationship marketing acts as a tool for practical implementation of the concept of joint creation of value in modern institutional forms of interaction in the innovation system (innovation networks, in particular virtual, international clusters, alliances, etc.). It was emphasized that in order to achieve the network aspect of innovation development of the economy, it is necessary to use models of open innovation, that is, combining efforts of economic entities in the scientific and technical field and exchange of operating results. The main communication problems, which cause the blocking of innovation development are determined. The analysis made it possible to distinguish between the groups of methods and mechanisms that are most often considered in the InCo practice. InCo practices are considered in terms of the possibility of organizing and self-regulating systems.


ABSTRACT TMEM55a (also known as PIP4P2) is an enzyme that dephosphorylates the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) PtdIns(4,5)P2 to form PtdIns(5)P in vitro. However, the in vivo conversion of the polyphosphoinositide into PtdIns(5)P by the phosphatase has not yet been demonstrated, and the role of TMEM55a remains poorly understood. Here, we found that mouse macrophages (Raw264.7) deficient in TMEM55a showed an increased engulfment of large particles without affecting the phagocytosis of Escherichia coli. Transfection of a bacterial phosphatase with similar substrate specificity to TMEM55a, namely IpgD, into Raw264.7 cells inhibited the engulfment of IgG-erythrocytes in a manner dependent on its phosphatase activity. In contrast, cells transfected with PIP4K2a, which catalyzes PtdIns(4,5)P2 production from PtdIns(5)P, increased phagocytosis. Fluorescent TMEM55a transfected into Raw264.7 cells was found to mostly localize to the phagosome. The accumulation of PtdIns(4,5)P2, PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and F-actin on the phagocytic cup was increased in TMEM55a-deficient cells, as monitored by live-cell imaging. Phagosomal PtdIns(5)P was decreased in the knockdown cells, but the augmentation of phagocytosis in these cells was unaffected by the exogenous addition of PtdIns(5)P. Taken together, these results suggest that TMEM55a negatively regulates the phagocytosis of large particles by reducing phagosomal PtdIns(4,5)P2 accumulation during cup formation. Summary: The phosphatase TMEM55a dephosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 to PtdIns(5)P on phagosomes in vivo, which results in a decrease of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and the downregulation of phagocytosis.


A recent trend in Canada's Parliament has seen an increase in the number and complexity of private
Members' bills (PMBs) that have received Royal Assent. These PMBs frequently go beyond changing
the name of a riding or declaring a commemorative day to amend such complex pieces of legislation
as the Criminal Code. Given the rise in the number and importance of PMBs, this article poses the
question as to whether the rules of Parliament concerning PMBs are fit for the task. Those rules give
the government of the day a great deal of control over the progress of its legislation but do not do the
same when it comes to a PMB. The relatively few resources allocated to a PMB raises the question as
to whether it is taking on more weight than its institutional structure can bear. Some suggestions are
offered to ensure that PMBs receive the full and frank discussion they deserve.


Protecting and shaping the environment in which man lives is considered today as one of the main challenges of humanity. It also is part of the agricultural activity that increasingly negative impacts on the environment. The objective of the paper was to present the existing methods of reducing the adverse effects of agricultural activities on the environment and the discussion and attempt to assess the reasonableness of solutions. It was found that the main solutions of limiting negative effects of agriculture are public actions and measures.


The notions of boundary and minimal hard classes of graphs are helpful tools for the analysis of the computational complexity of graph problems. It is shown that these notions coincide for finitely defined classes of graphs. An example is given to show that this is not true for infinitely defined classes of graphs.


My report addresses the question of cyclicality in every process, including music. Opinions on the subject of such authors as Plato, HenrichOrlov, Erich von Deniken, Richard Wagner, Alexander Fol, Tommy Carklisiiski and others are quoted. Parallel comparison of processes leads to the conclusion that in every area there is a similar pattern. Here are represented the internal and external factors that lead to it. The question of relations between elitist and mass arts has. There are also signs of cyclicity in different epochs and the reactions of the then-creators to them. Comparing this pattern leads to the conclusion that cyclicality, in the most remote areas, is related to regularities in every development, including education. The crucial issue with the readiness of the audience, the mass audience and the elite listener is considered. The approaches and perspectives of different ancient philosophical schools on the issue of cyclicality are examined. Attempts have been made to maintain the achieved level of development and cultural gradation. The topic opens the way for scientific research on the issues of cyclicality, which could be developed in both individual arts and synthesis. Of course, research on cyclical processes and science, especially in its fields such as medicine, physics, science, and many others, can make a significant contribution to further justifying this pattern.The acceleration of cycles is easily noticeable if we compare the conditional division of epochs into artistic trends and the change of ideas and concepts from the ten-century Middle Ages to the 20th Century with its growing variety of styles, experiments, and creative quests.Тhe model of the three stages of development of Ancient Greece - Barbarian, Classical and Hellenistic, is applied as an example in the cyclical development of each civilization, style, artistic flow, and so on. Such a division is completely conditional, but it can be considered a model to the thesis.Weinic's theory of chronological fields is accepted as a starting point, but others can be applied if we continue with the research on the future function of artistic ideas on a cyclical basis.One of the forms of a cyclical manifestation is the repeated Renaissance manifestations in art or a number of "Renaissance", which repeat the phenomenon of Renaissance in another form and in the context of another age. Thus, the question of cyclicality can adopt its own laws from already established historical models.The thesis aims to identify the ways to consider otherwise well-known artistic or aesthetic phenomena in terms of cyclicality as a structural point of view.The structure thus structured gives clarity and perhaps an opportunity to anticipate certain phenomena in the arts and their development.


This article provides a brief overview of several classes of fiber reinforced cement based composites and suggests future directions in FRC development. Special focus is placed on micromechanics based design methodology of strain-hardening cement based composites. As example, a particular engineered cementitious composite newly developed at the ACE-MRL at the University of Michigan is described in detail with regard to its design, material composition, processing, and mechanical properties. Three potential applications which utilize the unique properties of such composites are cited in this paper, and future research needs are identified.


The man is a living creature having reason and free will to live must meet their needs. One group of human needs are social needs and among these physiological needs related to food, health and education – housing1. Apartments are treated as units of accommodation and auxiliary, with a separate entrance, separate compartments solid construction, enabling human residence and conduct an independent household2. Thus, the apartments are part of a building and as specific anthropogenic objects that meet the following conditions: – they are situated on the ground and fixed to the ground, – have a permanent nature and have been built in order to satisfy human needs, – result from processes of construction of dominance provision of construction services. Design, construction and operation of construction objects of anthropogenic regulated by Law Building completed the requirements of the Environmental Protection Act in the following areas: – security structure – the loads acting on the construction object in the design, erection and operation can't cause damage, failure or disaster part or all of an object or damage to installations or installed equipment as a result of deformation of the load-bearing object (improper materials, machinery, equipment, technology, organization), – fire safety – construction works must comply with the fire and in the event of fire, provide carrying capacity of the structure by a predetermined period and prevent the spread of fire and smoke during the evacuation or rescue people in a different way, – safety – building structures during use must not pose the risk of accidents caused by slipping, falling, collision in burns if electric shock, – conditions of hygiene and health – building structures must not endanger the health and life of residents, – terms of environmental protection – building structures not endanger the environment, – protection against noise and vibration – building structures should protect the residents and people in nearby against noise and vibrations – noise protection may not exceed the level of a threat to the health and life of humans, – energy savings – building structures should be designed and constructed in such a way as to keep down the amount of energy required for their use, taking into account local climatic conditions and the needs of users.


The magnetization and high-field susceptibility of disordered cold-worked Fe1-cAlc alloys with 0<c<or=0.51 have been determined at 4K in fields up to 150 kOe. The well known initial magnetic behaviour is found to extend to about c approximately=0.25. At higher c values the mean atomic moment decreases faster than a dilution but still has not vanished at c=0.51, while an increasingly strong paramagnetic term simultaneously appears. The experimental results, magnetic moments and susceptibilities, are satisfactorily described in a local environment model, where iron atoms carry a moment only if surrounded by at least eight neighbours. This moment is equal to that of pure iron, 2.2 mu B, for 0<c<or=0.35; it decreases beyond this concentration to about 1 mu B at c approximately=0.50.


2-Bromoacetyl-3-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative was synthesized and reacted with a number of heterocyclic amines to give a series of fused imidazole derivatives. Also, reaction of 2-bromoacetyl-3-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole with o-phenylene diamine and 2-aminothiophenol yielded the respective products. Moreover, reaction of 2-bromoacetyl-3-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole with thiourea, thiosemicarbazide, thiocarbahydrazide gave the respective thiazoles. The structures of all the novel products were elucidated on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data. In addition, the biological activity of the newly synthesized compounds was evaluated, and the results obtained indicate their potency as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-ulcer agents. The binding mechanism of the most active compounds was studied using MOE to analyze the molecular interactions.


This introduction to the branch of mathematics called "Fourier analysis" was written for students who lack the mathematical background typically expected by authors of introductory textbooks of a similar title. The book was developed to serve a graduate-level course called "Quantitative Methods for Vision Research" taught for many years at Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington Indiana.


This paper explores Named Data Networking (NDN) for secure Industrial IoT (IIoT) communications in smart grid applications. NDN is a next generation networking paradigm, which is data-centric and has the benefit of built-in security properties, such as data integrity. This work applies NDN to IEEE C37.118.2 PMU communications, as an example smart grid IIoT application, and proposes a new data-encapsulation approach for NDN for low latency data streaming. The proposed communication architecture allows sensor data streaming with a lower overhead compared to related work. Communications are demonstrated to be secured using a trust anchor which protects data integrity and provides data authentication, while supporting optional data encryption. The proposed solution represents IEEE C37.118.2 in a JSON format, which provides flexibility and facilitates application of the approach to different use cases.


We previously reported on real-time distance measurement in the terahertz range using a resonant-tunneling-diode (RTD) oscillator based on the frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar principle. In this new report, we show a significant reduction of the measurement error on fast moving targets achieved by synchronizing subsystems. We also demonstrate the radar in a one-dimensional scanning experiment that produces the two-dimensional image of a field with several targets.


Objective To perform the mutational analysis of the PHEX gene in 10 patients with fa-milial and non_familial(sporadic)forms of vitamin D resistant rickets.Methods After the amplification of 22 exon8 of PHEX gene by polymerase chain reaction,mutations were detected by DGGE.Results Two different mutations were detected in PHEX gene among 3 patients:There was one mutation(T>C)in exon 16 of H11 patient,one mutation 1861(C>T)(Gin621X)in exon 18 of HI and 142 patients.Conclusion The mutation of PHEX gene is the cause of vitamin D resistant tickets.The two mutations are reported for the first time.

Key words:
Vitamin D resistant rickets; PHEX gene; DGGE


free vaccinationand inoculation as a routine prophylactic measurefor smallpox, and in epidemics, for cholera and plague. This procedure,combined with the establishment of temporarycampswhen there are outbreaks,has greatly diminished the mortality rate in thesediseases. Injections have become so popular that, whereas some years ago patients had to be tempted by a bribe before they would agree to vaccination, people now readily come forward; but some who fear the pain will offer the vaccinatora fee to put their name down as "done" and save them inconvenience. In malaria the main work done in our district is to distribute quinine to needy people. But the problems of diet, the prevention of hookworm, the elimination of malaria, and the adoption of sanitary methods are hardly touched. There are in India magnificent laboratories,such as the Haffkin Institute at Bombay and the Kasauli Laboratoriesat Punjab. There are advisory institutional centres of a first-class nature, such as that at Conoor. But in the villages of outback stations ignorance,superstitionand backwardnessprevail, so that all but the most energetic becomediscouraged. In our mission we have endeavoured to start by improving conditions in our own Christian community, hoping that they will act as a permeatinginfluence on the community as -a whole. To this end we have instituted the routine examination of all school children, with investigationsof their stools, urine and hsamoglobtnvalue at the same time. Cards are kept and the "check-Up" is made at least once a year or more frequently if time permits. The work involves visits to parts of the English side of our mission as well, which may mean two or three days away from hospital. The stressing by constant repetition of the importanceof the mosquito net, of shoes on the feet, of the value of sun-glasses, and of the danger of flies on the food yields some fruit. The improvement of hostel diet to provide sufficiency, variety and quality has been effected with the help of Conoor. Recently we have introduced a system of health insuranceto cover a wide range of salaries,which will help the hospital and enable people to obtain medical treatmentat very cheap rates and, at the -same time, make it possible for us to supervisecarefully the health of the community.


Single crystals of Sr2Mn3As2O2 have been grown for the first time, for which we show a possible layerselective Mott insulator behavior. This compound stands out as a hybrid structure of MnO2 and MnAs layers, analogously to the active CuO2 and FeAs layers, respectively, in the cuprate and iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Electrical transport, neutron diffraction measurements, together with density functional theory calculations on Sr2Mn3As2O2 single crystals converge toward a picture of independent magnetic order at T1 ∼ 79 K and T2 ∼ 360 K for the two Mn sublattices, with insulating behavior at odds with the metallic behavior predicted by calculations. Furthermore, our inelastic neutron-scattering studies of spin-wave dispersions for the Mn(1) sublattice reveal an effective magnetic exchange coupling of SJ ∼ 3.7 meV. This is much smaller than those for the Mn(2) sublattice.


Based on the present situation of sales management in Shanghai Phoenix Blanket Corporation,the design ideology and structure of sales management system using B/L(bill of lading)as the core was proposed,thus the business operation process was improved.The information system also promotes the level of making strategic decision by taking advantage of data warehouse and data mining technologies.This paper is of great significance for guiding blanket enterprise to implement informationization.


The Encouragement to Soldiers is the work attached with name of a world-reputable supreme commander – Tran Quoc Tuan, Great King of Hung Dao who contributed a big share of maKing East Asia Magnanimity during Tran Dynasty of Vietnam. Aiming to encouraging solider spirit, gathering national united power for the sake of the struggle against the second Mongol Invasion, Encouragement to Soldiers came to being and rose the fire of patriotism inside each Vietnamese from that made the great victory of Vietnam over the Mongolia Empire, the most powerful Kingdom of the world at that time. Moreover, the work presents a statement that patriotism is the most respectable one among human virtuous way. Patriotism in Encouragement to Soldiers bears elements of humanity attaching with and mixing into family love and happiness desire of each person on the ground of unification between individual interest and collective and national interest. Studying Tran Quoc Tuan's perception of human virtuous way in the Encouragement to Soldiers will help us understand further the East Asia Magnanimity and contribute to develop precious properties and durable values of Vietnam' culture, at the same time form a foundation to build a traditional Vietnamese culture within such a situation like today.


Introduction: Osteosynthesis in forearm-level allotransplantation is technically challenging. Achieving adequate cortical contact simultaneously between the radius and ulna proves difficult due to differing bone morphology of donor and recipient. In addition, the large area of dissection around the osteotomy sites and use of immunosuppressants further deters osseous healing, making nonunion a significant risk. Methods: Seven distal forearm transplants were performed on cadavers using the Newclip Technics ulnar-shortening osteotomy system for both the radius and ulna. The donor bones were plated after placing two transverse 0.062 K-wires distally for DRUJ stabilization. The osteotomy cut-guides were screwed to the plates and oblique osteotomies were performed. Matching recipient osteotomies were performed using the same cut-guide system. The donor and recipient were then brought together and any discrepancies in length corrected. The osteosynthesis site is then compressed and an interfragmentary lag screw placed across the osteosynthesis. Results: The Newclip system enables precise osteosynthesis in cadaver distal forearm transplants. Targeted radial and ulnar lengths are reliably achieved while maintaining accurate control of ulnar variance. Multiple osteotomy slot options on the cut guides allow titration of bone length. Oblique osteotomies enable increased cortical contact and an interfragmentary lag screw for additional stabilization. Conclusions: The capability to perform osteotomies, compression, and fixation of both radius and ulna simultaneously using this technique allows for reliable and precise hand transplantation osteosynthesis. This technique will be an effective tool until patient-specific instrumentation derived from computer-aided design can be expeditiously manufactured and made widely available.


Earthworm play an important role by its special biological characteristics in natural and farmland ecosystem.Research shows that earthworm can indicate Soil Fertility,Soil Environmental Pollution and water regime of Soil;meanwhile,earthworm may promote activity of microorganism and other soil animals,advance mechanical crushing and digestion decomposition of organic debris and improve fertility level of Soil.


Background. The attitude of Indonesian people towards dental problems is not as good as we expected it to be. This poor attitude is reflected in the growing prevalence rate of caries. At the age of 12, most adolescence experience a phase of mixed dentition, therefore a poor attitude towards their dental hygiene could affect their permanent dentition. In this study, attitude will be investigated from its 3 main components, cognitive (knowledge), affective (emotion), and conation. Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of the cognitive component, affective component, conation component of a 12 years old children faced with dental caries accompanied with acute pulpitis in Sawahan district Surabaya. Method. This research uses simple random sampling technique that are suitable adhering to the criteria. These study population is then asked to fill out a Lickert scale questionnaire. Results. The cognitive components prevalence rate in a 12 years old children sample when faced with dental caries accompanied with acute pulpitis that falls into the "good" category is 84%, medium 16%, and none falls into the "poor" category. For the affective component, the prevalence rate for "good" is 45%, "medium" 55%, and 0% is "poor". For the conation component, "good" 85%, "medium" 15%, and "poor" 0%. Conclusion. The cognitive aspect of the average 12 years old children when faced with dental caries accompanied with acute pulpitis can be graded as "Fair" while its affective can be graded "less than satisfactory".


An experimental investigation on the IHSM 4 × 8 cm Shock Tube has confirmed the hypothesis of Ben-Dor (1978) and Ben-Dor & Glass (1979) that in truly non-stationary flows the transitions from regular to Mach reflexion (RR → MR) and from Mach to regular reflexion (MR → RR) are different. Consequently it is shown that a hysteresis loop exists in the ${\rm RR}\rightleftarrows {\rm MR}$ transition phenomenon.


Sarcoglycanopathies are highly heterogeneous in terms of disease progression, muscular weakness, loss of ambulation and cardiac/respiratory involvement. Their clinical severity usually correlates with the residual protein amount, which makes protein quantification extremely relevant. Sarcoglycanopathy diagnosis is genetic, but skeletal muscle analysis - by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot (WB) - is still mandatory to establish the correct diagnostic process. Unfortunately, however, WB analysis cannot be performed if the bioptic specimen is scarce. This study provides a sensitive tool for semi-quantification of residual amount of sarcoglycans in patients affected by sarcoglycanopathies, based on immunofluorescence staining on skeletal muscle sections, image acquisition and software elaboration. We applied this method to eleven sarcoglycanopathies, seven Becker muscular dystrophies, as pathological control group, and four age-matched controls. Fluorescence data showed a significantly reduced expression of the mutated sarcoglycan in all patients when compared to their respective age-matched healthy controls, and a variable reduction of the other sarcoglycans. The reduction is due to the effect of gene mutation and not to the increasing age of controls. Fluorescence normalized data analyzed in relation to the age of onset of the disease, showed a negative correlation of a-sarcoglycan fluorescence signal vs fibrosis in patients with an early age of onset and a negative correlation between d-sarcoglycan signal and fibrosis in both intermediate and late age of onset groups. The availability of a method that allows objective quantification of the sarcolemmal proteins, faster and less consuming than WB analysis and able to detect low residual sarcoglycan expression with great sensitivity, proves useful also in view of possible inferences on disease prognosis. The proposed method could be employed also to monitor the efficacy of therapeutic interventions and during clinical trials.


A BOUT 7,000,OOO acres of eroded and depleted cropland in Texas and Oklahoma should be returned to permanent grass if erosion is to be controlled and the land made safely and permanently productive. In addition, there are about 14,000,OOO other acres of depleted grazing land with few if any desirable grasses remaining. This land too needs to be seeded or overseeded if it is to provide an economic return within the next several decades. To revegetate this vast acreage a huge quantity of seed is required. Many commercial dealers are supplying seed, but to date they have not been able to meet the demand. During the past year, about 3,512,OOO pounds of seed of native tall and mid grasses were harvested in northeastern Oklahoma by the Soil Conservation Service, soil conservation. districts and district cooperators. The harvest was made up of big bluestem, little bluestem, Indiangrass, sand bluestem, sideoats grama, sand lovegrass, switchgrass, blue grama, hairy grama, Texas bluegrass and Canada wildrye. As a result of this big harvest more acres have been seeded in Texas and Oklahoma to these good grasses than ever before. Conditions leading to the big Oklahoma seed harvest were watched carefully. Soil Conservation Service technicians in the field and from regional headquarters searching for seed-producing areas noted the favorable rains received in northeast Oklahoma during the normally hot, dry summer months. By mid-September it was evident that a bumper seed crop was assured. Arrangements were made for dozens of 12and 14-foot combines from


Atmospheric sounding is an important scientific GNSS application: knowledge of the water vapor distribution is fundamental for weather and climate prediction and can be improved by ground GNSS networks and occultation measurements. All present global and regional navigation satellite systems use frequencies in L-band, which is getting more and more crowded. To generate a larger variety of frequency options and to avoid some of the frequency-dependent errors in navigation, S-and C-band offers some interesting opportunities for scientific applications using GNSS. This paper shows the benefit of S- and C-band for retrieval of atmospheric parameters related to both the troposphere and the ionosphere. The concept comprises the development of models and algorithms for C-band data generation and its processing. A clear advantage of L-C-band combinations over traditional L-band-only linear combinations was successfully demonstrated for ground-based methods as well as radio occultation scenarios.


A novel low-complexity optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (LCO-OFDM) transmission architecture is proposed in this letter. The LCO-OFDM transmitter consists of two branches, wherein the first and second branches use odd and even subcarriers, respectively. Specifically, only complex multiplications are required in modulated symbols of each branch without Hermitian symmetry and inverse fast Fourier transform operations. Transmission signals of LCO-OFDM can be obtained by transmitting real and imaginary parts of generated complex signals in each branch over two successive orthogonal frequency division multiplexing frames and adding a direct current bias to avoid zero clipping noise. Simulation results showed the optimum performance of LCO-OFDM in terms of both peak-to-average power ratio and bit error rate.


The Huoqiu iron ore field was explored in 1960s by the No. 337 Geological Team of Anhui Provincial Bureau of Geology. Successive exploration work was carried out focusing on the defined deposits and surrounding areas of exposures by drill and detailed field mapping. The geophysical work was undertaken using airborne magnetic surveys, ground electrical and gravity surveys, which covered the entire Huoqiu ore field region. The Huoqiu iron ore field is proven to be a large ore field characterized by BIF, consisting of quartz, magnetite and hematite (or specularite) phases hosted in amphibole schist, plagioclase gneiss, and amphibolite. According to the rock associations, the Huoqiu Group can be divided into two series and three succession formations (i.e. Huayuan Fm., Wuji Fm. and Zhouji Fm.). The protolith of Huoqui Group is considered to be formed by a basic volcanicsedimentary cycle.


Novel display technologies give us the chance to enjoy content with additional degrees of realism. These advantages do not always come easily, however. Changing the technologies used in our display systems creates new challenges for content creation, post-production and distribution. In this thesis, we examine two special cases of novel display: stereoscopic 3D and high dynamic range. In each case, the richness of the natural world needs to be compressed for effective reproduction. Our goal is to understand the requirements for optimal presentation on these displays and leverage this knowledge to generate practical systems that can be used to operate on high-quality content in professional film production pipelines. Special emphasis is placed on perceptual techniques both as a means of modeling the response of the human visual system to stimuli presented by novel display technologies as well as being employed to validate that the goals of the designed methods are reached successfully. We begin by focusing our attention on 3D displays. Existing 3D technology is limited in the amount of depth that can be shown without discomfort or visual artifacts, but when addressed this limitation can produce an unnatural sensation of flatness. Three main contributions to stereoscopic display are presented in this thesis. First, perceptual measurements of the pervasive cardboarding artifact are performed. The perceptual thresholds found in this step can be useful for content creators and computational methods that seek to avoid cardboarding. Second, a stereo-to-multiview conversion system is presented with the aim of producing content


Abstract. Diffusion bonding is a solid-state welding operation that has seen wide spread use in the aerospace industry, especially in combination with superplastic forming. It combines two relatively flat, clean surfaces at high temperature to create a near flawless weld over a large surface area. Modelling of diffusion bonding has been challenging due in part because of the larger variations in voids formed from the mating surfaces. This paper attempts to compensate for that inadequacy by implementing a stochastic diffusion bonding model based with theoretical voids formed from interacting surfaces. The model uses a statistical version of Pilling's model in combination with surface roughness based initial conditions that estimates the possibilities of voids formed. The results of the model are compared with experimental results for three different alloys at a variety of process conditions along with presenting an investigation of the mechanics of the model for future improvements.


Good evening everyone. Welcome to the South African Reserve Bank. And to those of you who are from abroad, a warm welcome to South Africa. It is difficult to imagine that twenty years ago it was unlikely that a conference on communication would be held in a central bank. We have come a long way from the days when central banks were arcane institutions, shrouded in secrecy, with the markets left guessing as to what the policies actually were. Karl Brunner, the well-known monetary theorist, once referred to the impossibility of central bankers to articulate their insights in explicit and intelligible words and sentences, instead pretending this was part of an esoteric art. And when a US senator claimed that he understood a comment made by former US Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan, he replied: "If you understood what I said, I must have misspoke". I am sure that twenty years ago, central banks communications departments, if they existed at all, were small, and communication strategies were marginal to the overall strategy of the bank.


Abstract : Sixty nine profiles of horizontal velocity and temperature from the surface to about 800 m were made using the Expendable Current Profiler (XCP) during De Steiguer cruise 1212, 7-18 October 1982. The XCP's were deployed in a 6 day time series behind a drogued buoy and in a 275 n.mi. zigzag spatial survey. Satellite infrared images were used to locate a cruise area away from strong mesoscale features. The measurements were designed to estimate the horizontal coherence function of the near-inertial frequency internal wave field for comparison with similar measurements made in the Sargasso Sea. It was found that the near-inertial waves are a dominant feature of the velocity field. Significant coherence exists between nearby profiles. It will, therefore, be possible to compute a correlation function for these data as planned. A near-surface feature with peak-to-peak velocities of 70 cm/s was observed and partially surveyed. (Author)


Objective To compare the patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) effect of remifentanil,morphine and fentanly for senile patients post operation.Methods Ninety senile patients with ASA Ⅱ ~Ⅲ who were performed with elective operations,were divided into three groups randomly.Remifentanil group,morphine group and fentanly group,each group with 30 cases.Remifentanil group with remifentanil 0.02 mg·kg-1,morphine group with morphine 1.5 mg·kg-1,fentanly group with fentanly 0.02 mg·kg-1.Each group was diluted with 0.9% saline solution to total 100 ml.PCIA was done with the injection.continuous infusion dosage was set up to 2 ml·h-1,the dosage was set up to 0.5 ml every time,and the interval was set up to 15 min.Visual simulation score,nausea,emesia and itch of skin were observed post operation 2 h,4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and total patient controlled analgesia/effective patient controlled analgesia(TPCA/EPCA) were observed also.Results The effect of analgesia in remifentanil group and morphine group had an advantage to fentanly group(P0.05) post operation 2 h,4 h,8 h and 12 h.TPCA/EPCA in remifentanil group was higher than that in morphine group and fentanly group(P0.05).Nausea and emesia in morphine group with three grade was higher than that in remifentanil group and fentanly group(P0.05).The incidence rate of itch of skin in fentanyl was higher than that in remifentanil group and morphine group.Conclusion Remifentanil was effective and safe in PCIA for senile patient post operation with few side effects.


The redox active substance of all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) is stored in two separate tanks. In the pumped circulation, the solution flows through the battery, oxidation-reduction reaction takes place on the electrode in both sides of the ion exchange membrane. Compared with other kinds of secondary batteries, VRB has its own characteristics. The arrangement and design of VRB are very flexible, which largely benefit the association of different modules, and make the capacity of the battery may be large or small as the customer's wish. The battery system can respond at a high speed and output great power. The battery system is safe, stable and easy to maintain. Self-discharging is slight. Has a long life-cycle, high efficiency and cheap price, etc‥ As a high-power power electronic equipment, the arrangement of PCS should pay special attention on the heat dissipation system. According to the actual power and structure of PCS, maybe take some electromagnetic shielding measure in the equipment room. Control and supervision system should be optimal designed, including BMS and other subsystems. Because there are not domestic regulations of arrangement and design about VRB ESS yet in China, in the future, should summarize experience in time from the actual projects, in order to promote the popularization and application of VRB technology in aspects as electric energy storage and user's spare power.


Adiabatic logic families typically use signal waveforms very different to standard static CMOS logic. Pulsed power-clocks driving the circuit lead to pulsed or sinusoidal signals that cannot be easily interfaced with existing CMOS logic structures. This work focuses on a novel interface circuit that converts existing signals in ECRL (efficient charge recovery logic) to signals typical of standard CMOS logic. Energy losses are evaluated based on switching speed and the nature of the incoming bitstream to the interface. Comparison to an existing reference interface is included, weighing the advantages and disadvantages inherent to both interfaces. All circuits were designed, extracted, and simulated in 180nm CMOS technology. The proposed interface effects energy savings in unique conditions when compared to the reference work and exploits unique properties of the adiabatic logic signaling for proper functionality.


By the late 1970s, American universities once again appeared to resemble the fabled, ivy-towered havens many were said to be before the days of campus demonstrations and student "takeovers." Students now seemed more interested in finding jobs than in reforming society, fraternity life was revived, alternate life-styles were muted, and the counterculture gave way to mainstream culture on campus. The much-publicized campus revolution of the sixties appeared to have given way to the conservative reaction of the seventies. Now in the eighties, the ivy front appears mostly quiet. This appearance, however, is deceptive. For the campus revolution of the sixties and early seventies has changed and continues to change the university, but in ways undreamed of by the activist students. The campus revolution surfaced as both a critique of American society and as a power struggle between activist students and the academic establishment, primarily academic administrators. With the offices of various college presidents "occupied" and "liberated" and with the forced closure of some universities, it seemed for a time as if the balance of power had shifted to the activist students. Curricular changes, the establishment of increased student services, and the institution of a host of special programs were a response to student unrest. Following such changes, it seemed to many that the heirs of the radical students could return to an updated but still essentially "normal" and


Teaching research group (TRG) study is not simply the combination of the teachers'individual study in TRG, but a kind of organization study. TRG study has features of formal cooperation, content unification, process duration, methods variation and action achievement, etc. It can improve the study ability of TRG and help the continued development of the teacher individuals and the improvement of school education quality.


New and improved institutions are needed to support the transition to adulthood of vulnerable young people. Existing institutions that should provide that support demonstrate structural lag: they have not adapted to changing circumstances. Action research was conducted in Por un Manana, an employment training program for low-income youth and young adults in the Patagonia region of Argentina to explore how to build developmental assets and to overcome employers' prejudice against low-income youth. Consultation with program graduates generated new program elements to increase social inclusion and employability of young mothers and graduates. The action research team uncovered participants' fears and preconceptions about work and the need to move them out of the program's protective bubble.


A current hypothesis of ovine parturition proposes that fetal ad- renalcortisolinducesplacentalE 2 production,which,inturn,triggers intrauterine PG production. However, recent evidence suggests that cortisol may directly increase PG production in trophoblast-derived tissues. To separate cortisol-dependent and estrogen-dependent PG production in sheep intrauterine tissues, we infused singleton, chron- ically catheterized fetuses beginning on day 125 of gestation (term, 147–150 days) with 1) cortisol (1.35 mg/h; n 5 5); 2) cortisol and 4-hydroxyandrostendione, a P450 aromatase inhibitor (4-OHA: 1.44 mg/h; n 5 5); 3) saline (n 5 5); or 4) saline and 4-OHA (n 5 5). Fetal and maternal arterial blood samples were collected at 12-h intervals 2 , progesterone (P 4 ),PGE 2 ,and13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF 2 a


DISCUSSION When satisfactory perfusion in a case of massive pulmonary embolus cannot be maintained by medical means, then relief must be given to the obstructed right ventricle. It is a matter of pure mechanics that if the pulmonary artery is obstructed acutely, no medical therapy can immediately unblock the acute process, and all treatment is directed in the early phase to supporting an obstructed labouring right ventricle. Once a decision has been made to proceed to embolectomy, the patient is usually connected to the pump oxygenator using local aneestheala by cannulating the femoral artery and vein. Only after bypass is thus established is aneesthesla commenced. This ,policy is dictated by the fact that inhalation of a gas into the lungs with 8 blocked pulmonary tree will not induce ansestheala even after an extraordinary length of time, and most intravenous agents lower the blood pressure, which is already barely discernible.


We show that early stellar encounters can explain the high eccentricities and inclinations observed in the outer part (>42 AU) of the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt (EKB). We consider the proto-Sun as a member of a stellar aggregation that undergoes dissolution on a timescale of ~108 yr, such that the solar nebula experiences a flyby encounter at pericenter distance (q) on the order of 100 AU. Using numerical simulations we show that a stellar encounter pumps up the velocity dispersion in the young solar nebula in the outer parts. In the case of a nearly parabolic encounter with a solar mass companion, the velocity dispersion at a ≳ 0.25q is pumped up to such an extent that collisions between planetesimals would be expected to become highly disruptive, halting further growth of planetesimals. This has the consequence that planet formation is forestalled in that region. We also find that a stellar encounter with pericenter distance q ~ 100-200 AU could have pumped up the velocity dispersion of EKB objects outside 42 AU to the observed magnitude while preserving the velocity dispersion magnitude inside Neptune's 3:2 mean motion resonance (located at 39.5 AU). This allows for the efficient capture of objects by the resonance during a phase of orbital migration by proto-Neptune, which we also test with simulations. We point out that such a stellar encounter generally affects the dynamical and material structure of a protoplanetary disk, and the planetesimal distribution can remain imprinted with this signature over much of the main-sequence lifetime of the star. In particular, our results support the notion that an analogous process has operated in some recently observed extrasolar dust disks.


Objective To study the injury mechanism and feature of ipsilateral fractures of femoral neck and shaft via observing the effects of the unreamed femoral nail (UFN) for comminuted femoral shaft fractures with concomitant ipsilateral femoral neck fractures and discuss the advantages and surgical key points in application of UFN. Methods From January 2001 to December 2003,11 cases of ipsilateral fractures of femoral neck and shaft were treated with UFN, where traction table, C-arm image intensifier, interlocking and close or open reduction with minor incision were employed. Results All cases were followed up for average 15 months, ranging from 8 to 36 months. One Garden Ⅳfemoral neck fracture with ipsilateral femoral shaft fracture resulted in ischemic femoral necrosis eight months after operation. One C 3 femoral shaft fracture was found with malunion seven months after operation but with union five months posterior to dynamic interlocking. The average healing period of femoral neck fracture was 5.1 months and that of shaft fracture 6.9 months. The other nine cases showed fracture healing, with healing rate of 82%, at one stage with excellent joint movement and functions. Conclusions UFN has obvious advantages of less trauma, minor incision, reliable fixation and high rate of fracture healing and is one of the perfect treatments for ipsilateral fractures of femoral neck and shaft.


We present in this work, a thermodynamic perturbation theory for equation of state of hydrogen and helium in the warm dense regime. The system is modeled as a mixture of classical point ions and quantum electrons. A perturbation series for Helmholtz free energy and correlation functions of the ions and electrons as a function of density and temperature is proposed. Combining the classical thermodynamic perturbation theory and the orbitial‐free quantum hyper‐netted chain theory, a systematic procedure to obtain the terms of the perturbation series is developed. The ion‐ion correlations are treated within the hyper‐netted chain approximation and the ion‐electron correlations are treated within the Thomas‐Fermi‐Dirac‐Weizsäcker approximation. The method has been applied to obtain isotherms of hydrogen and helium in the warm dense regime. The isotherms are compared with available ab‐initio data and the results are analyzed. A good agreement with ab‐initio data has been observed for pressures greater than one Mbar. Advantages and limitations of the present method are discussed along with possible future improvements. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Objective To investigate the patients with T_2DM in different periods of the serum CRP level and its significance.Methods Using the method of immunofluorescence double-antibody sandwich to assay the serum CRP level of 100 cases of T_2DM patients' among whom 55 cases with our DN 25 cases with early period of DN and 20 cases with clinical DN,and compare them with 50 healthy cases.Results The serum CRP lvevl of the patients in non-DN,period of DN,and clinical DN group is obviously higher than that of the compared group(P0.01),the serun CRP level of the group of period of DN and clinical DN group is obviously higher than that of the DN group(P0.01),and the serum CRP level of the clinical DN group is higher than that of the period of non DN group(P0.01).Conclusion The analysis of serum CRP level has an important clinic value in the early diagnose and detection of the illness of the patients with T 2 DM.


Three-dimensional face recognition has shown its potential to obtain higher recognition accuracy than 2D methods. Among numerous face recognition methods, registration of two faces is comparatively intuitive. We propose a rigid registration method using surface resampling and denoising, which lowers the impact on registration residuals caused by sampling difference and noise, significantly improving the accuracy. While sparsity-inducing norms reduce sensitivity to outliers and missing data, with preprocessing and region segmentation methods, our registration method is applied to face verification. Without data-driven learning or training, only residuals of rigid registration are utilized, and verification rates at 0.1% FAR are as follows: 100% for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> versus <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, 96.9% for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> versus all, and 98.6% for ROC III experiment on FRGC v2.0 database, and 100% for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> versus <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and 95.7% for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> versus all on Bosphorus database. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms and is preferable in a verification scenario.


Thank you very much for reading learning in depth a simple innovation that can transform schooling. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite books like this learning in depth a simple innovation that can transform schooling, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful virus inside their computer.


Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is an entrapment syndrome of the alteral femoral cutaneous nerve of
the thigh manifesting as pruritus, paresthesia, Pain, numbness, burning, sensory loss or alopecia in the
skin of the innervation of the nerve. MP is associated with various disorders; however, the etilolgy
often remains unknown. MP is ot rare and can be easily recognized based on the clinical symptoms
and signs of paresthesia involving the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. We describe 5 typical cases of
MP diagnosed in our department over a 10-year period (1991-2001) and review its etiology, diagno-
sis and treatment.


This paper gives a brief description of the current state of knowledge concerning the use of drag reducing additives (cationic surfactants, »smooth water«) in district heating (DH) systems. Within a german joint research project, funded by the German Ministry for research and technology (BMFT), different aspects of the application of drag reducing additives in DH systems have been investigated by various institutions. It is shown, that the use of drag reducing additives has several positive aspects (saving pumping costs and increasing peak load capacity). But there are some negative aspects that have to be put into consideration, concerning e.g. influence on heat exchangers and heat meters. Therefore the economical benefits of the use of drag reducing additives in an existing DH systems have to be studied for the specific systems conditions. In cooperation with the Hoechst AG, Frankfurt (Main), two additive systems (Habon-G and Dobon-G/NaSal) were developed and tested under real DH conditions in DH systems. It could be shown that the pressure drop can be decreased to 20% of the pressure drop with pure water when using the surfactants due to a decrease of turbulences in the flow. The peak load capacity can be increased to appr. 130% of the value with normal water. Heat exchangers are influenced too, due to a decrease of the heat transport coefficient. Some heat meters (especially the impeller and Woltman type meters) are affected when using the drag reducing additives. Magnetic inductive heat meters are not affected, ultrasonics less affected. Concerning environmental properties no serious problems are expected from using the surfactants, because of low operation concentrations in DH water. The products are similar to commercial surfactants (e.g. clothes softener, hair shampoon). Cationic surfactant drag reducers are fully adsorbed from soil and cannot be resoluted by water. Biological degradation is possible (> 90% OECD Confirmatory test). The inlet of surfactant solutions into a sewage plant will cause no problems. But the inlet into open sees or rivers has to be avoided due to the fish-toxicity of the cationic surfactant solutions. The additives cause no problems for pumps, corrosion and water hammer. With additives the efficiency of the pumps may increase up to 6% and a decrease of cavitation erosion in pumps can be expected. Corrosion properties of DH pipes are not affected. Water hammer occurs due to maximum velocity. In the second part of the paper the applicability of drag reducing additives in an existing DH System of the Veba Kraftwerke Ruhr AG (VKR), Germany, is considered. The DH transport line between pumping stations DE Westerholt and DE General Blumenthal 7 supplies several consumer stations. It is expected, that additional waste heat sources are free to use in the future, which make it necessary to increase the transport capacity of the transport line to deliver the most economic heat to the consumers. Therefore drag reducing additives can be applied to increase the heat transport capacity of the transportation pipe. The study gives an overview on actual and future expected peak heat loads and annual heat deliveries. For the application of drag reducing surfactant additives the transport line and the consumer stations have to be modified


For the first time an element other than a metal was deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Pure and conformal thin films of elemental antimony were prepared by ALD using SbCl3 and (Et3Si)3Sb as precursors. In situ reaction mechanism studies showed that the dehalosilylation reactions involved are very efficient in eliminating the ligands from the growing surface enabling the use of low growth temperatures down to 95 °C. Various antimony compounds, such as GeSb, Sb2Te, GaSb, and AlSb, can also be deposited by reacting (Et3Si)3Sb with other metal halides or mixing Sb growth cycles with other ALD processes. The new antimony ALD process is a major step in the realization of non-volatile phase change random access memories (PCRAM) and ALD of III−V compounds.


Two basic areas of risk management are recordkeeping and informed consent. Most dental offices can improve both to make the patient a more aware participant in care and make an unfounded allegation of negligence easier to disprove.


This paper studies zero-delay joint source-channel coding (JSCC) of Gaussian sources over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels in the Wyner-Ziv scenario, that is, when there is side information about the source available only to the receiver. The proposed encoding scheme is based on hybrid digital-analog (HDA) transmission in a zero-delay fashion. Specifically, to achieve zero-delay, after applying scalar quantization to the source, the properly scaled analog information (quantization error) is superimposed on the scaled digital information (quantized source), and then transmitted. At the receiver side, several reconstruction schemes are analyzed. It is shown that all the schemes, when optimized, are superior to existing uncoded, digital, or hybrid transmission methods. It is also shown that the proposed HDA transmission may result in increased robustness to channel and/or side information mismatch compared to uncoded transmission. Observing that the bandwidth-matched Wyner-Ziv problem is intimately related to the coding scenario without side information but with bandwidth expansion factor 2, the proposed scheme is applied to the latter problem. It is shown that this application results in a better performance than the well-known inverse spiral mapping.


OBJECTIVE
To accurately evaluate the incidence of -7/7q- abnormality in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients and investigate the value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique in the detection and identification of -7 and 7q abnormality.

METHODS
A FISH assay was performed to analyze 70 AML/MDS patients who had received conventional cytogenetic analysis (CCA). The dual color probes CEP 7 labeled by SpectrumGreen and D7S486 (locus at 7q31) labeled by SpectrumOrange were used.

RESULTS
The incidence of -7/7q- in AML and MDS patients was 4.51% (31 out of 687 cases) and 5.71% (28 out of 490 cases), respectively, and was 5.68% and 10.29% in these patients with abnormal karyotype, respectively. The common deletion region of 7q- was 7q21a222 (ten cases) and 7q31-35(ten cases). FISH assay confirmed the -7/7q- aberration in those with clonal -7/7q- abnormalities, but failed in those with random -7/7q- and normal karyotype. In 7q- group, FISH revealed seven of eleven cases with monosomy 7 clone detected in the same specimen, but the numbers of 7q- interphases cells were much greater than those of monosomy 7 cells (average 42.5% vs 8.4%, P=0.025). FISH also provided precise refinement for three chromosomal structural abnormalities associated with 7q seen in CAA, one case with del(7)(q22) being refined as chromosomal translocation, one case with 7q+ being confirmed as dup(7q), and one case with complex translocation involving 7q being also proved to be true.

CONCLUSION
FISH is a powerful tool to identify or refine chromosomal structural aberrations involving 7q, and it provides accurate evaluation of -7/7q- in all the patients. -7 and 7q- clone frequently coexist in the same specimen, and the significantly increasing percentage of 7q- cells implies that -7 clone secondary to 7q- clone is a result from loss of 7q-.


Purpose – Universities provide entrepreneurship-specific education (ESE) to equip students with the entrepreneurial alertness and risk-taking assets required to pursue entrepreneurial careers. Building upon insights from a dynamic view of human capital, the paper explores the linkage between ESE investment, alertness, and risk-taking asset accumulation, and the outcome relating to the intention "to become an entrepreneur" (henceforth termed an "entrepreneurial mindset"). Design/methodology/approach – Survey information from 189 students from three universities in the Ukraine was hand collected. Hierarchical multiple ordinary least squares regression analysis and slope analysis were used to test presented hypotheses. Findings – ESE students reported higher intensity of entrepreneurial mindset. Further, ESE students who accumulated the connection entrepreneurial alertness asset reported higher intensity of entrepreneurial mindset. ESE students were more oriented to higher entrepreneurial mindset when they h...


Sixteen-year-old with a recurrent, painful, pruritic rash on right cheek and right eyelid. Current outbreak started 2 days earlier. The rash always appears in the same fashion and in the same location; it typically lasts a few days and resolves spontaneously.