The role of roadside safety barriers in motorcyclist trauma has been an area of concern among motorcyclists, road authorities, road safety researchers, and advocates despite the number of barrier-related deaths being relatively small. Roadside barriers include safety barriers positioned either at road edges or within medians and are typically steel W-beam, concrete, or wire-rope. As a result, a major research project focusing on motorcycle crashes into roadside barriers in both Australia and New Zealand was started in 2008. This project is now in its final stages at Transport and Road Safety (TARS) Research (formerly the IRMRC) at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. The results presented in this paper focus on impacts into barrier posts. Presented are extracts from reports and papers already published by the authors elsewhere and listed in the references. The project was funded by a consortium comprised of three road authorities, a third-party injury compulsory insurance authority, and an Australian motoring safety consumer group.


This study identifies the crucial issues in information management that affect organisational performance. The paper is based on the perusal reading of the authors based on several articles. The study identifies that the managing information as an important asset will help to change organisational operation by dominant the conception and development of information, reduction in operation cost, rising skillfulness and productiveness and precaution essential information. It also reassessment propose that organisations might start to create an information management scheme that has a modality of agree with the various systems into an ordinary system and this intent outcome in strategically benefit. The study was conducted based on several articles regarding the issues in information management. The lack of the latest research about the issues limits the findings for the sake of this writing. The recommendation and suggestion have been mention on this research for better study by the researcher on this area.


A quadrotor with a cable-suspended load with eight degrees of freedom and four degrees underactuation is considered and a coordinate-free dynamic model, defined on the configuration space SE(3)×S2, is obtained by taking variations on manifolds. The quadrotor-load system is established to be a differentially-flat hybrid system with the load position and the quadrotor yaw serving as the flat outputs. A nonlinear geometric control design is developed, that enables tracking of outputs defined by (a) quadrotor attitude, (b) load attitude, and (c) position of the load. In each case, the closed-loop system exhibits almost-global properties. Stability proofs for the controller design, as well as simulations of the proposed controller are presented.


Diesel Engines have better fuel economy compared to gasoline engines. Society is now aware of various harmful effects of pollution and various researchers are trying to use fuel reformulation method to meet the forthcoming stringent air pollution norms for the diesel engines. This paper presents an experimental investigation on use of three different low price ethanol based oxygenate-diesel blends (oxygenate 4, 8 and 12% in blend) as an oxygen enriched fuel in diesel engine and its effect on brake thermal efficiency, smoke density and emissions of CO, HC, NOx etc is studied. It was observed that there is substantial reduction in the smoke density of exhaust gases and the observed reduction was found proportional to the mass of oxygen present in the blend. Marginal increase in NOx and brake thermal efficiency was observed and there was no significant change in the brake power of the engine.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


The object of this work is to find or develop an epoxy resin system capable of impregnating and embedding magnetic devices wound with various size wires. The resin system should be capable of meeting the environmental requirements of the various military specifications such as MIL-I-16923-C, MIL-E-S400 and MIL-T-27A. In addition, it must have acceptable physical and electrical characteristics. The properties of flame retardance, and very low electrical loss at 1 Kc, 160°C are most important.


In recent decades, software and its services have played a vital role in everyone's lives. Because of the internet's phenomenal growth and use all over the world, data stored in various parts of the territory is linked together for better availability. The availability of resources and services is achieved through cloud computing technologies. Cloud computing allows multiple organizations to access the resources with increased infrastructure at a low cost, and the estimation of the cost depends on how much computational power is being used. In a Cloud environment, the availability of resources is attained through efficient load balancing algorithms. The data from various organizations is stored in different servers of the cloud, and it can be accessed through the cloud service providers. Reliable and secured storage of data in the cloud is one of the main challenges of the cloud environment. This paper looks at all of the different kinds of security problems in cloud computing.


Magnesium hydroxide is an important material with high decomposition temperature. It is the important precursor for magnesium oxide. In the present study, nanoparticles of magnesium hydroxide were prepared from bittern. Bittern is the waste liquid formed during the production of salt. Since it is rich in magnesium, magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles can be prepared. The nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, EDS and TG-DTA.


Notebook damask lover of reading semiotic Syrian poet Nizar Qabbani Dr. Nidal Abdul-Jabbar Hassouni Dr. was a Hussein lilo physiognomic known as the science that studies the signals and signs and linguists disagree on a specific definition, but this was the literary text study According to the foundation upon which the science physiognomic especially brought by Pierce, an icon and cursor and icon as it rotates text signals in the analysis of this poem about lost Arab identity of Palestine represented lost However Zionist colonialism


The superconducting critical current densities Jc of Nb3Ge films prepared by chemical vapor deposition have been investigated in magnetic fields parallel and perpendicular to the film plane up to above 20 T. The Jc and its field dependence are strongly influenced by any change in the microstructure of films deposited at different deposition temperatures Td. Films deposited at a low Td of 800°C exhibit a high Jc below 20 T and show a slight difference between parallel and perpendicular field dependences of Jc. As Td is increased to 900°C, the Jc of films is appreciably lowered over the entire field range and the difference between two field dependences of Jc is remarkably enlarged. The upper critical field Hc2 of these films has been obtained by extrapolating the Kramer plot of Jc1/2H1/4 versus H to J1/2cH1/4=0, and were estimated to range from 28 to 31 T at 4.2 K.


The relative adrenal weight of the remaining right adrenal gland was significantly increased 5 days after unilateral adrenalectomy in hamsters of both sexes. This effect was associated with an enlargement of the zonae glomerulosa and fasciculata in males and of the zona fasciculata in females. Unilateral adrenalectomy raised the average volume of zona fasciculata cells in male hamsters and that of zona reticularis cells in females. The number of parenchymal cells in all adrenocortical zones remained unchanged by the removal of the contralateral gland; however, when calculating per mg of adrenal or per cell, the nucleotide uptake by adrenal quarters was notably lowered. A marked drop in plasma cortisol concentration was found in unilaterally adrenalectomized male but not in female hamsters. These findings indicate that the main component of the adrenal compensatory growth in hamsters is the hypertrophy and not the hyperplasia of parenchymal cells.


Traditional multi-user detection(MUD) methods only make use of the independence of spread spectrum code.Based on the principle of the independent component analysis(ICA) and the DS-CDMA multi-user detection this paper proposes a joint blind multi-user detection method(ICA-MUD),which fully makes use of the independence of spread spectrum code and the independence of data sequence.Simulation results show that this algorithm has better performance of detection,elimination of multiple access interference(MAI),and countermeasure for far-near effect.


Airspace capacity reduction due to convective weather impedes air traffic flows and causes traffic congestion. This study presents an algorithm that reroutes flights in the presence of winds, enroute convective weather, and congested airspace based on stochastic dynamic programming. A stochastic disturbance model incorporates into the reroute design process the capacity uncertainty. A trajectory-based airspace demand model is employed for calculating current and future airspace demand. The optimal routes minimize the total expected traveling time, weather incursion, and induced congestion costs. They are compared to weather-avoidance routes calculated using deterministic dynamic programming. The stochastic reroutes have smaller deviation probability than the deterministic counterpart when both reroutes have similar total flight distance. The stochastic rerouting algorithm takes into account all convective weather fields with all severity levels while the deterministic algorithm only accounts for convective weather systems exceeding a specified level of severity. When the stochastic reroutes are compared to the actual flight routes, they have similar total flight time, and both have about 1% of travel time crossing congested enroute sectors on average. The actual flight routes induce slightly less traffic congestion than the stochastic reroutes but intercept more severe convective weather.


The gluon and quark condensates and their temperature dependence are investigated within QCD premises. The input for the former is a gauge invariant $gg$ kernel made up of the direct (D), exchange (X) and contact(C) QCD interactions in the lowest order, but with the perturbative propagator $k^{-2}$ replaced by a `non-perturbative $k^{-4}$ form obtained via two differentiations: $ \mu^2 \partial_m^2 (m^2+k^2)^{-1}$, ($\mu$ a scale parameter), and then setting $m=0$, to simulate linear confinement. Similarly for the input $q{\bar q}$ kernel the gluon propagator is replaced by the above $k^{-4}$ form. With these `linear' simulations, the respective condensates are obtained by `looping' up the gluon and quark lines in the standard manner. Using Dimensional regularization (DR), the necessary integrals yield the condensates plus temperature corrections, with a common scale parameter $\mu$ for both. For gluons the exact result is $$ = {36\mu^4}\pi^{-3}\alpha_s(\mu^2)[2-\gamma - 4\pi^2 T^2/(3\mu^2)]$$. Evaluation of the quark condensate is preceded by an approximate solution of the SDE for the mass function $m(p)$, giving a recursive formula, with convergence achieved at the third iteration. Setting the scale parameter $\mu$ equal to the universal Regge slope $1 GeV^2$, the gluon and quark condensates at T=0 are found to be $0.586 Gev^4$ and $(240-260 MeV)^3$ respectively, in fair accord with QCD sum rule values. Next, the temperature corrections (of order $-T^2$ for both condensates) is determined via finite-temperature field theory a la Matsubara. Keywords: Gluon Condensate, mass tensor, gauge invariance, linear confinement, finite-temperature, contour-closing. PACS: 11.15.Tk ; 12.38.Lg ; 13.20.Cz


. It is well known that a crushing process is one of the most energy intensive technological processes in mineral processing. The aim of this process is to achieve the required size of the processed raw material. The course of the crushing process is characterized by the influence of a number of basic factors: multidimensionality, multiple connec-tions, nonlinearity, physical and mechanical properties of the mineral, shape and size of rock lumps, position of the crushing material inside the crushing chamber, lumps movement speed, wear of a liner and elements of the crusher, as well as design parameters of the crusher. Efficiency of the crushing process in the process flow of solid mineral processing is achieved by applying reasonable operation parameters of crushing equipment, ensuring the set performance and particle size distribution of the crushed ore at minimum electricity consumption. When processing minerals, the size is often monitored between individual operations. Objective. The objective is to provide an innovative solution in developing intelligent systems for automatic control, resulting in adaptive control, depending on changes of the material size distribution by making measurements "inside" the technological equipment. Methods Applied. Methodology of fuzzy logic theory and fuzzy sets was used. Originality. We made it possible to distinguish frame differences in a video stream to detect defects and wear of a crusher liner. Result. The paper identifies an approach to monitoring the discharge slot width for crushing and milling complexes using intelligent control methods.


............................................................................................................................................ i Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................... ii Authorship ...................................................................................................................................... iii Table of Figures ............................................................................................................................. v Table of Tables .............................................................................................................................. vi Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... vii 1. Frontiers in Russian Economics Studies .......................................................................... 1 2. Economic Models: Scope, Significance, and Applications ......................................... 3 The Russian economy's unique path and need for better modeling .................................... 3 How does education and research support economic growth? ............................................ 5 What are the current methods of economic study? ................................................................ 5 What are economic models? ..................................................................................................... 5 Why are models important? ...................................................................................................... 6 How will these models be accessed by university staff and students? ............................... 6 What are current methods used to study and analyze economic models? ......................... 7 3. Methodology: Program Fabrication .................................................................................... 8 Economic Model Research ........................................................................................................ 8 Programming the models .......................................................................................................... 9 Organizing and storing the models ........................................................................................ 10 Front-end framework ................................................................................................................ 10 Survey Development ................................................................................................................ 11 Third Party Tools and Packages ............................................................................................. 11 4. Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................ 13 Survey Results ......................................................................................................................... 13 Creating the framework ........................................................................................................... 14 Study Limitations ..................................................................................................................... 15 5. Conclusion and Recommendations .................................................................................. 17 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 17 References .................................................................................................................................... 18 Appendices ................................................................................................................................... 21 Appendix A: Sponsor Information .......................................................................................... 21 Appendix B: Interview Protocol .............................................................................................. 23 Appendix C: Dashboard Questionnaire ................................................................................. 25 Appendix D: Model Descriptions ............................................................................................ 26 World Trade Model ............................................................................................................................ 26 Cobb-Douglas Production Function Model ................................................................................ 29 Portfolio Model .................................................................................................................................. 30 Scoring Model .................................................................................................................................... 32


This paper investigates the use of reduplicated English elements as aspects of Nigerian English usage in the speech events among participants in Calabar, a multilingual city in Southern Nigeria. The study adopts Variationist Sociolinguistics and Sociopragmatic Competence as the theoretical foundations because both account for the occurrence of variation and semantic change resulting from interference from L1 and other factors. The data for the study were generated through a two-year field investigation by means of participant observation and audiotape recording of interactions among participants who are bi/multilingual in English and one or more Nigerian indigenous languages. The active sites where the data were extracted include interactions among participants in the University environment, markets, churches and other social gatherings, and discussants on television and radio programmes. The findings indicate that the use of reduplicated elements cut across ages, gender, social status, and the diverse ethnolinguistic and educational backgrounds of Nigerians. These features of Nigerian English occur as lexical reduplication which combines identical elements in the open class system and the semantic reduplication that denotes redundancy and other contrastive forms. The features generate new semantic forms that perform several sociopragmatic functions within the Nigerian sociocultural context indicative of variant of new Englishes as outcome of English contact with indigenous languages.


Abstract A convenient method is described for the synthesis of M[Al(C2H5)4]2 (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) from the alkaline-earth metal and triethylaluminium. Complex alanates were also prepared and characterized: M[Al(C2H5)4]2.2DG (M=Ca, Sr, Ba; DG=diglyme).


Rule-based control systems are gaining wide acceptance as closed-loop energy management and process optimization systems. They perform particularly well in complex or difficult to model processes because they do not require expensive and maintenance-intensive process models or high-performance instrumentation. The operating objectives of the process manager are implemented within the controller as rules or constraints. Process operation is allowed within the boundaries defined by the constraints. Rules can take the form of "Reduce pressure until user valve position reaches 90%." The process typically runs at the boundaries of a constraint.


Goos–Hänchen (GH) and Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shifts have played an important role in the beam reflection or refraction operations of optical systems. In this article, we performed the self-consistent modeling and the MATLAB simulations for the GH and IF shifts in the guided mode of the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide, and obtained the excellent simulation results for the corner material of Neff (Si<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf>) = 2.0, the guided-mode of N<inf>eff</inf> (E<inf>x</inf>) = 2.9, N<inf>eff</inf> (E<inf>y</inf>) = 2.9, and the incident angles of θ<inf>c</inf>(te) = 43.6028° and θ<inf>c</inf> (tm) = 43.6028°. The simulation results obtained with both the theoretical model and the software tool FDTD have validated the IF displacement effect in waveguide mode, which will deteriorate the performance of optical switch.


We describe a 47-year-old transgender woman with a history of non-medical grade silicone injections given by unauthorized persons 15-20 years prior to presentation who developed interstitial pneumonitis. She suffered acute exacerbations of pneumonitis, developed pulmonary fibrosis with terminal lung disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome and ventilator dependence and died of her illness. In light of the increasing awareness of the health concerns of the transgender population, we review here in the acute and chronic effects of silicone on the lung.


Identity is formed in the boundary between self and other. This boundary is not fixed or unitary, however, but multiple and changing, a "borderlands," in Gloria Anzaldua's terms, where various, often conflicting, subject positions come together.2 Anzaldua locates subjectivities in a paradoxically moveable border in order to loosen anchored, determinative, or essencialist notions of the subject. Feminist philosopher Rosi Braidotti employs an inverse strategy that complements that of Anzaldua and departs from the idea of mobility to postulate different, feminist subjectivities through her construction of the nomadic subject. She explains that the concept itself is a myth or a political fiction "that allows [her] to think through and move across established categories and levels of experience" (4). The nomadic subject "refers to the kind of critical consciousness that resists settling into socially coded modes of thought and behavior" so that it is this "subversion of set conventions,"


associated with the name of Adams, and for the construction usually derived from that property, but it is the construction that now comes first. If 0 U is a tangent to A, then SU passes through the point of contact P of a tangent from 0 to the conic. The line through S perpendicular to SU, that is, parallel to OU, is the tangent from S to r and cuts OP on the directrix ; thus P is determined without ambiguity from OU. If it is P that is known, U is identifiable as the projection of 0 on SP, and to say that A has the same radius as r is to enunciate Adams' equality, \ SU \ = e\ OK \.


The article presents results of route surveys of soybean sowings in Primorskii Trritory in 2011-2013 in order to define the species composition of fungal diseases and the damage degree. There are also shown the results of testing of fungicide Acanto Plus in the plot experiment in 2012-2013 and its high effectiveness against the main pathogenic bacteria of soybean. On average for 2012-2013, with yields in the control of 1.66 t/ha saved yield was from 0.22 to 0.46 t/ha at single and double application of Acanto Plus in the consumption rate of 0.4 to 0.6 l/ha


We have used the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) in Hawaii to search at submillimetre wavelengths for continuum emission from dust, and spectral line emission from carbon monoxide (CO) gas, in the neighborhood of HR 4796A. This young star has a dusty disk with a central cavity, where planets may have formed. We detect the dust component a t a wavelength of 850 pm, and the inferred mass of solid material is > 0.25 Me. An upper limit for the CO J=3-2 rotational line implies less than 1-7 Me ( 5 0.003-0.02 Jupiter masses) of molecular HZ gas in the system. Thus, it is no longer possible to form new Jupiter-like gaseous giant planets around HR 4796A. If planet formation explains the observed dust cavity and lack of gas, then it must have occurred before the current stellar age of N 10 million years (Myr). A search was also made for CO J=3-2 emission around four other stars with dust excesses revealed by infrared measurements with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS). Two were detected, both of them young sources with optical emission lines indicative of ongoing accretion of disk material onto the star. The gas mass lower limits are approximately 30 and 200 Earth masses, a t least an order of magnitude higher than for HR 4796A, illustrating the diversity of disk properties at ages of up to 10 Myr.


The most comfortable way of human communication is speech, which is a possible channel of human-machine interface as well. Moreover, a voice driven system can be controlled with busy hands. Performance of a speech recognition system is highly decayed by presence of noise. Logistic systems typically work in noisy environment, so noise reduction is crucial in industrial speech processing systems. Traditional noise reduction procedures (e.g. Wiener and Kalman filters) are effective on stationary or Gaussian noise. The noise of a real workplace can be captured by an additional microphone: The voice microphone takes both speech and noise, while the noise mike takes only the noise signal. Because of the phase shift of the two signals, simple subtraction in time domain is ineffective. In this paper, we discuss a spectral representation modeling the noise and voice signals. A frequency spectrum based noise cancellation method is proposed and verified in real industrial environment.


The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Return on Investment, and Good Corporate Governance through Price to Book Value of public banking listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2011-2013. Population of this research are Commercial Bank that registered in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2011 till 2013. Data on this research are coming from Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) and Financial Services Authority of Indonesia (OJK). Samples are choosen by purposive sampling method at least 27 company. Data's test technique by using multiple linear regression analyze. The result showed that Return on Assets, Return on Equity, and Good Corporate Governance have a negative effect but not significant on Price to Book Value. While Return on Investment has a positive effect but not significant on Price to Book Value. Keywords: Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Return on Investment, Good Corporate Governance, and Price to Book Value


SUMMARY Anderson and White discussed how librarians assist in achieving the greatest benefit for both parties from a library service vendor relationship. All aspects of the relationship were covered, from a library's first contact with a vendor through the negotiations of the final deal, to ongoing contacts and troubleshooting. The presenters focused on key themes such as treating the vendors and their representatives respectfully, how much librarians should prepare and inform themselves prior to meeting with representatives, and the difference between being assertive and being unreasonable. In short, just as the vendors have obligations to their customers, libraries have obligations to their vendors.


A small-scale controlled equivalence ratio tube furnace method - experiences of the method and the link to large scale fires


Gender-based power dynamics within intimate relationships such as controlling behaviours are driven by inequitable gender norms that perpetuate intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet, the ways in which we understand and measure gender-based power dynamics focus on the relationships of monogamous, cisgender, white, heterosexual women. This paper outlines our process of planning and implementing a qualitative, youth-led, community-based research (CBR) study exploring how diverse youth with intersecting identities perceive existing measures of gender equity and understand gender equity based on their own relationships. Between August-November 2022, we used purposive sampling to recruit 30 gender-inclusive young women and non-binary youth aged 17–29 with diverse identities, who live in British Columbia (BC), and have recent experience in a non-heterosexual and/or non-monogamous relationship (within prior 12 months). Using CBR methods, we hired and trained three Youth Research Associates (YRAs) and convened a 10-member Youth Advisory Committee (YAC) comprised of youth aged 19–28 years with queer, trans, and/or non-monogamous identities and experiences to consult on all aspects of our study. YRAs conducted cognitive interviews using an interview guide co-developed and piloted in partnership with the YAC and YRAs. Cognitive interviews explored youth perceptions of gender equity and two gender equity measures widely used in health research today. Interview data will be analyzed collaboratively using intersectional descriptive and thematic analysis. Results from our CBR study will be used to make recommendations to advance gender equity measurement to be more inclusive of and applicable to a diversity of youth relationships, experiences, and identities.


The objective of this research was to study the production of sugar from coconut husk using immobilized crude and commercial cellulose, including temperature and mixing speed during immobilization. The enzyme from Aspergillus Niger was immobilized on chitosan alone and cross-linked with Glutaric Dialdehyde (GDA). Coconut husk waste was grinded and chemically pretreated using NaOH 1% (w/v). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) measurement revealed that enzyme was covalently bonded to the support. Cellulose immobilized on chitosan cross-linked with GDA produced more sugar than immobilized on chitosan alone. Both the crude and commercial enzyme had their yield decreased after immobilization. Despite its less enzyme coupled on micro-sized chitosan, reducing sugar yielded by an immobilized enzyme on micro-sized chitosan had a competitive result with macro-sized chitosan. This may due to decreasing mass transfer resistance when using a smaller size of chitosan. Several important factors such as temperature, mixing speed, and purity of enzyme responsible for the performance of sugar produced from insoluble cellulose using cellulose immobilized on insoluble support was thoroughly discussed.


The study was designed to determine if students who participated in decision-making processes about musical performance would more easily perceive expressive phrasing (as performed by others) and perform music more expressively than students who were given all directions for performance by a conductor.1 A secondary purpose of the study was to develop an outline that might help students analyze expressive elements in music, thereby enabling them to perform more expressively. The subjects, thirty-eight high school string orchestra students, were divided into control and experimental groups by the use of stratified random selection. Statistical analyses of data revealed that first, involving students in decision-making processes did not significantly increase their perception of expressive phrasing or their ability to perform expressively, and second, it is possible that students' expressive performance might significantly be increased if they are given the opportunity to analyze objectively expressive elements of music.


The study included 60 patients with irritable bowel syndrome, high clinical efficacy of sinusoidal modulated currents-phoresis bromine chloride brine from the sanatorium "Versi-Yatchi" (the Udmurt Republic) in comparison with standard pharmacotherapy.


We test quantitatively the hypothesis that the Fermilab anomaly in inclusive anti $nu$N $Yields$ $mu$$sup +$X distributions comes from charm production via intermediate vector (V) and axial-vector (A) charmed mesons. Theoretical predictions from this mechanism are integrated over the experimental $nu$ and anti $nu$ spectra, including a scaling background calculated from the parton model. This mechanism can approximately account for the high-y anti $nu$N data with an effective charm production threshold W/sub th/ = 4 GeV and F*N total cross sections of order 10 mb. Better agreement is secured with a higher threshold W/sub th/ = 6 GeV and higher charmed meson--nucleon cross sections. Unsuppressed weak current couplings to charmed D* mesons could enhance the vector- meson-dominance effect. The v and p distributions of the fast $mu$$sup -$ in the dimuon events are consistent with this F* vector dominance contribution. (AIP)


The ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) link slab has been proposed to provide a suitable solution to the cracking problem of conventional reinforced concrete (RC) link slab. This paper presents an experimental study on the tension mechanisms of UHPC link slab under monotonic tension loads. The experimental results of load-displacement curves, crack development and strains of UHPC link slab were investigated and compared with those of RC link slab. It can be found that in the elastic phase, the tension stiffness and ultimate loads of the UHPC link slab were respectively2.6 and 2.4 times those of the RC link slab. Compared with the RC link slab, the number of cracks on the top surface of the UHPC link slab was larger, but the average crack width was significantly smaller. The concrete and reinforcement strains of UHPC link slab were smaller than those of RC link slab.


ABSTRACT This article provides an explanatory supplement for authors to more thickly describe their experience when using the published Guide for Reflective Practice (GRP). As members of the reflective practice laboratory that created the GRP, we recognized the need to provide stronger theoretical justification and practical instructions for the activity/project description section of the guide. The result of our inquiry was a reworking of the activity/project description section and renaming it reflective-narrative. John Dewey's theory of experience and Clandinin and Connelly's three-dimensions of narrative space were used to develop the instructions for writing a reflective-narrative. There is also discussion on how to ensure quality and rigor in writing such a narrative. We recommend creating additional instructional supplements for the GRP. We also discuss our plans to facilitate reflective writing retreats to train new faculty on writing a reflective-narrative and engaging in reflective practice.


Abstract Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the most common chronic microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM), is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. The proteinuria in DKD is tightly related to dysmorphology of podocytes including hypertrophy, foot process widening along with its effacement, and ultimately the loss of podocytes. The maintenance of a normal slit diaphragm, actin cytoskeleton, electric charge of the podocyte, and the interplay between podocyte and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is essential for the podocyte process's morphology. And the mitotic catastrophe (MC), epithelial-mesenchymal transition, detachment, and apoptosis of podocyte account for the decreased density of podocytes in DKD. From the angle of signaling pathway, several routes including the renin-angiotensin system, insulin signaling, cyclooxygenases (COX) and prostanoids, and notch signaling are proven to play critical roles in podocyte disorders. In this review, we highlight the main histologic abnormalities of podocytes in DKD and focus on their underlying mechanisms.


This study focused on the reproductive dynamics of southern pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus subtilis populations off the coast of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. F. subtilis specimens were collected each month between August 2011 and July 2012 by an artisanal fishing vessel. A total of 1246 specimens were collected, of which the majority (56%) were females, and which were significantly larger than the males. Ovary maturation, based on histological and visual criteria, was classified into 4 stages — I: immature, II: maturing, III: mature, and IV: spent. Mature gonads were found in the females throughout the year, but at a higher proportion during the warmer months (October−March). A higher proportion of juveniles were observed between December and April. The mean total body length at first gonadal maturation in female pink shrimp was estimated to be 11.9 cm. These findings could be used to help guide the development of fishery management policies for F. subtilis in the region.


The process and realization of a light and low resistive antenna for wireless communications by inductive coupling at 13.56 MHz is presented. The antenna is realized on an insulated substrate made of SU-8 resist in order to prevent the losses due to eddy currents from occurring and to strongly decrease its weight. The conductor is obtained by electroplating 24 μm of gold in a mold of AZ-4562 resist. A Q factor of 29 has been obtained with a maximum of 37 at 19 MHz, for antenna dimensions of 1.5×1.5 cm2. This antenna is the key component for a wireless power supplied microrobot.


This paper utilizes Zald 's political economy framework to analyze the development of academic freedom in church-related colleges. This analysis reveals a basic ambivalence in the fundamental normative structure of these colleges between adherence to sectarian values and pursuit of success as an academic institution. Because this ambivalence exists, the status of academic freedom is uncertain, depending largely upon shifting balances in the constituencies of the colleges. Ironically, restrictive practices, by dramatizing concern for sectarian values, offer limited protection for academic freedom.


The fall of communism in 1989/1990 has led not only to the establishment of new political systems and ideologies, but also to significant modifications in the visual self-representation of the respective states in Eastern and East Central Europe. Statues of communist heroes were abolished and replaced by monuments and memorials reflecting the new political situation. New state buildings were erected, and the old ones remodelled and adapted to the representational needs of the new authorities. In some cases, the political changes even have had a strong impact on principles of city planning, effecting urban structures of symbolic value. The focal points of these developments are the capital cities, being principal places of the execution of state power as well as of its self-representation. However, the conditions for the staging of the state in the capital are in each case different. They depend on one hand on the architectural shape and historic role of the city, and on the political situation and self-image of the state on the other. The article provides a comparative analysis of the changes in the political iconography of four East Central European capitals—Berlin, Warsaw, Prague and Bratislava—since 1989, focusing on selected monuments, architectural projects for state institutions and concepts of town planning.


Agreed, and we would add the following text to the second paragraph (giving this point some prominence in the paper). "It is entirely possible that the smallest glaciers' sealevel contribution could be underestimated, in large part for practical reasons which make a catalog of the smallest glaciers expensive, time consuming, and error prone due to difficulties of separating small glaciers from snow patches (Bolch et al., 2010). As an inventory's size threshold is lowered, relative errors may rise, but with the smallest glaciers rapidly melting and possibly disappearing over the next few decades (Mernild et al, 2011; Radić and Hock, 2011), the potentially rapid sea-level contribution of these smallest glaciers should be considered, or systematic errors due to their exclusion should be estimated."


The forty-sixth session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights met from 29 January to 9 March 1990. It was the first meeting of the Commission following the democratic changes in Central Europe, the suppression of the pro-democracy movement in China, and the US invasion of Panama. The Commission also met after the General Assembly had called for an enlargement of its membership to remedy the under-representation of third world countries, while asking the Commission to study ways of making its work more effective. The Commission adopted eighty-one resolutions and sixteen decisions, of which sixty-two resolutions and thirteen decisions were adopted by consensus.' Among the principal results of the session, which was marked by a growing north-south split, were resolutions on Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Myanmar (Burma), and the US invasion of Panama. The Commission failed to act, however, on resolutions regarding China and Iraq, or to break new ground on thematic issues. It also failed to reach any decision on enhancing its working methods-a decision later taken by the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) in May 1990. The outgoing chairman, Marc Bossuyt of Belgium, began the session with a minute of silence to remember the late Andrei Sakharov as well as all those who died during the year in the struggle for human rights. UnderSecretary-General Jan Martenson noted that the past year had seen the


The extent of dietary overlap between the four species studied was more significant than any differences between them; but, in practice, competition between them will have been reduced by the way they hunted over different habitats.


The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has markedly increased in the last decade worldwide, but in particular in Asian countries such as China and India (1–3), in strong correlation with a comparably steep increase in the prevalence of obesity (4). The primary risk factor for type 2 diabetes is obesity, and 90% of all patients with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese. The relative risk of diabetes increases about 42-fold in men as the BMI increases from 35 kg/m2 (5) and approximately 93-fold in women as BMI increases from 35 kg/m2 (6).

Type 2 diabetes is a complex major endocrine disorder in which insulin resistance in the muscle and liver as well as β-cell failure represent the core pathophysiological defects. In addition to the muscle, liver, and β-cell, the fat cell (accelerated lipolysis), gastrointestinal tract (incretin deficiency/resistance), α-cell (hyperglucagonemia), kidney (increased glucose reabsorption), and brain (insulin resistance) all play important roles in the development of type 2 diabetes (7). The development of type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with obesity and the accumulation of abdominal and ectopic fat, which are linked to peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance, inflammation, and subsequent "lipotoxicity" of β-cells (8,9). The adipose tissue of obese subjects is characterized by increased production and secretion of a wide panel of inflammatory molecules (10) such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, transforming growth factor-β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Evidence is increasing that chronic subclinical inflammation seems to be involved in the development of type 2 diabetes. Several prospective studies demonstrated that subjects who developed type 2 diabetes during the follow-up period had elevated levels of markers of inflammatory molecules at baseline compared with those who did not develop the disease. In …


Wigner functions of permutation operators are obtained and serve as a basis for a phase-space formulation of quantum 1/2 -spin identical fermions. We prove a version of the Pauli principle for this type of particle.


Abstract Through two equivalent national surveys in the United States (US) and China, this study investigated how people's forethoughtful assessments of crisis outcomes affect their retrospective responsibility attribution and subsequent demand for regulatory intervention. The results revealed that when Americans and Chinese perceived that they could rely on the government as a proxy agent to achieve desirable crisis outcomes, they attributed more responsibility to the in-crisis company. The increased blame company attribution would spill over into their blame for social systems. These heightened attributional activities led to people's calls for regulatory intervention. Inconsistent findings for the two countries are also discussed.


About 42% of complicated pulmonary infection in acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is pneumocystis Carinii pneumonia(PCP).The diagnosis of PCP is established by clinical features,chest radiography and positive Giemsa stain sputum smear or positive polymerase chain reaction(PCR).SMZ/TMP was the first choice in treatment and prophylaxis.In this article,the diagnosis and treatment is discussed on AIDS complicated by pneumocystis Carinii pneumonia,taking a patient with progressive dyspnea as the first symptom as an example.


Wieck's model of organizing suggests that satisfaction with organizational life is a function of equivocality reduction rather than participation. This investigation tested the hypothesis that perceived information adequacy is an indicator of equivocality. A relationship was found between perceived information adequacy and several indices of relational satisfaction, but not with various indicators of participation. Results suggest that the equivocality model provides a better explanation of satisfaction than the participation model.


ALBA is a third generation synchrotron light source whose injector consists of a 100 MeV linac and a Booster that accelerates the beam up to the full energy, 3 GeV. Two pulsed klystrons are used to feed the linac cavities. We present a modification of the distribution of the RF waveguide system that will allow us to power the ALBA linac with any of the two klystrons installed. The new system improves the time response after a klystron failure. Using the single klystron working mode a 60 MeV electron beam is achieved at the linac exit. To match this beam to the booster, adjustments on the linac-tobooster transfer line and on the booster ramping parameters have to be performed. The commissioning of the whole injector for low linac energy is under way. Details of the waveguide upgrade and the results of the ALBA linac operated with only one klystron are reported. INTRODUCTION The ALBA Synchrotron is in operation for users since May 2012. During this time, the injection to the Storage Ring has been performed with two injections per day, typically at 120 mA, but the injector has been designed to be able to operate in top-up mode, where frequent injections keep the average storage ring current within few percent variation. Top-up operation at ALBA has been implemented and tested and will be offered to users by summer 2014 [1]. The ALBA linac is driven by two Thales TH2100 klystrons that deliver 5s pulses at a frequency of 3GHz. They generate a maximum output of 35MW at a repetition rate of 3 Hz. Klystron 1 feeds the bunching section and also the first accelerating structure. Klystron 2 feeds exclusively the second accelerating structure. Although in ALBA no klystron tube failure has occurred yet, the replacement of a klystron tube or modulator interrupts the linac operation for at least 24 hours. In addition, when operating in top-up mode, the injector reliability will be more demanding because it requires the injector to run almost continuously. This fact will have an impact on the service lifetime of several subsystems of the injector, like on the klystron tubes. Consequently, when operating in top-up mode we expect that they will have to be replaced more often. In order to keep the ALBA injector operative after a klystron failure the RF distribution of the ALBA linac has been slightly modified by connecting the two separated waveguide systems, as shown in Fig. 1 (golden colored components). A S-band switching system has been installed in the waveguide system and allows us to use Klystron 2 to power the low-energy section in case that Klystron 1 fails. With only one klystron the linac delivers around 60 MeV. So that injection into the Booster is still possible while, in the meantime, the damaged klystron can be connected to a dummy load for reparation. Figure 1: Modification of the RF distribution. THE ALBA LINAC The ALBA pre-injector is a 100 MeV linac delivered by Thales and commissioned in 2008 [2]. Figure 2: The ALBA Linac A 90 keV pulsed beam generated by a thermionic gun (in multi or single bunch) is first sent to the three stage bunching system consisting of a sub-harmonic prebuncher at 500 MHz (PB1), a 3GHz pre-buncher (PB2) and a 22-cells standing wave buncher (BU). The bunching system is designed to reduce the energy spread and to 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference IPAC2014, Dresden, Germany JACoW Publishing ISBN: 978-3-95450-132-8 doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME010


We proposed a high-robustness real-time visual detection algorithm based on deep learning, which is aiming at the problem that high-speed unmanned surface vehicle(USV) are difficult to detect and identify targets in complex mission scenarios. We design feature extraction network based on MobileNet, by removing average pooling layer, full connectivity layer and softmax layer. We then add 8 convolution layers to improve feature extraction capability. Additionally, we built SSD structure detection network to achieve fast multi-scale detection in fuse selected Multi-size feature map results. In the end, we implement and test algorithm on the embedded GPU. The results show that our algorithm can detect multiple types of specific targets on water in real time, with strong robustness and multi-scale characteristics. The detection time of single-frame video can be completed within 50ms. Through our video simulation experiments, the algorithm has high detection rate and strong robustness to the actual detect situation, while has important engineering practical value.


) as the distance from the mitral valve to the position of aliasing using the equation 27rr'. The velocity is apparent from the colour flow map image as the known Nyquist aliasing velocity value, allowing easy calculation of regurgitant flow rate. As yet the use of the flow convergence zone as a method of providing accurate quantitation of mitral regurgitation remains experimental20 but if the initial promise21 22 iS confirmed and an on line estimation of flow rate can be provided throughout systole, the potential exists for real time, accurate, and clinically valuable estimates of the severity of mitral regurgitation from colour Doppler flow map images.


This paper proposes a reconfigurable VLSI architecture of 2D-DWT.Because of the fact that data amount in 2D image processing is huge and the chip area is dominated by the size of the on-chip SRAM,a memory optimization technique is proposed to use single-port SRAM instead of dual-port SRAM.In even cycles,the source data are read from the on-chip SRAM and stored to register banks after calculation.While in odd cycles,source data are read from register banks and,after calculation,stored to SRAM.The method can save about 56% of the chip area compared to traditional implementations.Based on the new method,the paper proposes an improved block-based scan pattern which makes the data transport performance between DWT and further-level DWT or tier-1 entropy encoding blocks 20% better.


Edge computing provides cloud services at the edge of the network for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. It aims to address low latency of the network and alleviates data processing of the cloud. This "cloud-edge-device" paradigm brings convenience as well as challenges for location-privacy protection of the IoT. In the edge computing environment, the fixed edge equipment supplies computing services for adjacent IoT devices. Therefore, edge computing suffers location leakage as the connection and authentication records imply the location of IoT devices. This article focuses on the location awareness in the edge computing environment. We adopt the "deniability" of authentication to prevent location leakage when IoT devices connect to the edge nodes. In our solution, an efficient deniable authentication based on a two-user ring signature is constructed. The robustness of authentication makes the fixed edge equipment accept the legal end devices. Besides, the deniability of authentication cannot convince any third party that the fact of this authentication occurred as communication transcript is no longer an evidence for this connection. Therefore, it handles the inherent location risk in edge computing. Compared to efficient deniable authentications, our protocol saves 10.728% and 14.696% computational cost, respectively.


This paper contains a study of the oxidation of sulfur dioxide using microscale and nanoscale iron oxide as catalysts. A comparison of the catalytic performance of microscale and nanoscale iron oxides showed that nanoscale iron oxide generally is more effective than microscale iron oxide in regard to catalyzing the oxidation of sulfur dioxide. The reaction orders, with respect to the reactants sulfur dioxide and oxygen, were 1 and 0.24, and 1 and 0.30 when microscale and nanoscale iron oxides, respectively, were used as catalysts. Furthermore, the activation energy of catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide with microscale iron oxide is 88.9% higher than that with nanoscale iron oxide.


The finite element method(FEM) is applied to predict acoustic attenuation characteristics of straight-through perforated tube silencer with steady air flow.The finite element formulation is carried out,and the numerical method and procedure for predicting the acoustic attenuation characteristics are introduced.Since the convective effect is taken into consideration,the present method is suitable for the case with steady air flow.Transmission loss of straight-through perforated tube silencer is then predicted using three-dimensional finite element method.The numerical results show that the acoustic attenuation effect is raised in the medium and higher frequency range as the Mach number of the flow is increased.It is suggested that in order to predict the acoustic attenuation characteristics of straight-through perforated tube silencer accurately,the influence of steady flow on the sound propagation in the silencer should be considered.


Decision support tools for assisting the human mission planner in the deployment of sensor networks is an important component of sensor management. The optimal selection of the number and types of sensors available from a suite of sensors, and their optimal placement in the terrain, is typically a multiobjective optimization problem with objectives defined based on the mission and scenario. One of the key advantages in applying multiobjective genetic algorithms for solving such problems is their ability to find multiple Pareto optimal solutions in a single run which then allows for the mission planner to select a final optimal solution based on higher-level considerations. The aim in this work is an effective genetic algorithm implementation of such a decision support tool for the deployment of sensor networks.


Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a developmental disorder characterized by a group of motion and postural disorders that occur as a result of lesions in the cerebral motor center and one of the most common reasons for physical disability in childhood. Although the lesions are non-progressive, this disorder greatly affects the child's life early and his impact on the musculoskeletal system changes with the child's growth. Emerging problems may affect children's daily life skills and treatment program planning should support the development of motor functions and goals to facilitate children's participation in activities and adaptation to daily life
Purpose: To find out whether there is a benefit in the management of NDT inhibition and therapeutic methods of NDT approach the facilitation method can reduce spasticity and to improve motor function in spastic cerebral palsy patients.
Results: After 6 treatments the results obtained (1) fixed spasticity of T1 to T6 as measured by Asworth Scale, Hip, knee, and ankle obtained values of 1, and (2) functional capabilities as measured by GMFM from T1 to T6 were obtained A fixed yield with a value of 56,75%, (3) fixed muscle strength from T1 to T6, measured by X0TR, on shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle worth X.
Conclusion: Physiotherapy management using Neuro Development Treatment (NDT) in Spastic Diptergi Cerebral Palsy conditions in controlling the spasticity level, increasing functional ability, and increasing muscle tone strength have not undergone significant changes.
Keywords: Cerebral Palsy Spastic Diplegi, Inhibition, Facilitation, Asworth Scale, Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM).


Autonomous vehicles leverage the data provided by a suite of sensors, combining measurements in order to provide precise and robust position estimation to localization and navigation systems. In this paper, an Adaptive Monte Carlo Localization algorithm is applied to an autonomous golf car, where data from wheel odometry, an inertial measurement unit, a Global Positioning System (GPS) and laser scanning is combined to estimate the pose of a vehicle in an outdoor environment. Monte Carlo Localization techniques allow the compensation of the technical flaws of different sensors by fusing the information delivered by each one. However, one of the main problems of fusing GPS data are sudden decreases of accuracy and sudden jumps on positions due to phenomenons like multi–path signal reception. In this paper, a particle weighting MCL model which integrates GPS measurements is proposed, and its performance is compared in several experiments with a particle generation approach when a GPS sensor suddenly provides erroneous data.


With the expansion of social demand for vocational education,there appear some problems in this education in practice.To promote the development of vocational education,we must analyse the defects in our vocational education law,and put forward some new perfect suggestions for the vocational education law according to the situation.


You are presented with a mature feline patient with a peracute onset of tachypnoea and non-ambulatory, paraparesis. The cat is hypothermic, with a sternal systolic murmur and cold, stiff hindlimbs with pale cyanotic nail beds and poorly palpable hindlimb pulses. You provide oxygen therapy, diuretics and analgesia and perform and a cardiac ultrasound which identifies ventricular myocardial thickening and left atrial enlargement, consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). You diagnose the cat with a cardiogenic Feline Arterial Thrombo-Embolism (FATE). Your clients are keen to explore treatment for the patient and as part of this, you plan to instigate antiplatelet therapy to reduce the likelihood of a second event - there is no licensed antiplatelet therapy for cats, and a colleague has always used aspirin however you are uncertain if there is any evidence to support its use: what does the literature say?


Purpose
This paper uses a Difference Approach and Bourdieu's habitus theory to analyse the experiences of women working in the advertising industry with a particular focus on employee relations such as social interactions in advertising offices, banter and career barriers.

Design/methodology/approach
Thirty-eight qualitative interviews were conducted with women from the advertising industry in England, exploring both the employee and managerial perspectives on social interactions. Women were asked about their office culture, including networking expectations, dress code, banter, social interactions and potential career barriers such as exclusion from business decisions and having to work harder to succeed. Thematic analysis has been used to analyse data.

Findings
Thematic analysis revealed two themes, patriarchal culture in advertising offices and gendered social interactions and banter. Women believe they are excluded from business decisions and perceive career barriers in office culture grounded in masculine banter and masculine social interactions. Similar themes emerged regardless of women's length of experience or role within the organisation suggesting a problem with the masculine work culture in the advertising industry in England. Besides, women tend to prefer different social interactions to men, but find masculine interactions domineering advertising offices.

Practical implications
Employers should consider implementing new internal policies on communication and behaviour in offices to create a more inclusive and respectful culture. More consciousness-raising is needed to make women aware that inequality is more than just a pay gap and glass ceiling, but also the structure of the organisation and the office culture.

Social implications
The paper contributes towards a better understanding of the impact of social interactions in the office on the work culture with a case study from the advertising industry. The paper points towards differences in communication and social interactions between men and women and the fact the masculine form of social interactions and banter dominate advertising offices.

Originality/value
To the best of author's knowledge, this is the first paper tackling office culture in the advertising industry in England using the Difference Approach and Bourdieu's habitus theory.


Several key operating variables affecting off-gas flammability in a slurry-fed radioactive waste glass melter are discussed, and the methods used to prevent potential off-gas flammability are presented. Two models have played a central role in developing such methods. The first model attempts to describe the chemical events occurring during the calcining and melting steps using a multistage thermodynamic equilibrium approach, and it calculates the compositions of glass and calcine gases. Volatile feed components and calcine gases are fed to the second model which then predicts the process dynamics of the entire melter off-gas system including off-gas flammability under both steady state and various transient operating conditions. Results of recent simulation runs are also compared with available data


Abstract A study on two-parameter power Ishita distribution (PID), of which Ishita distribution introduced by Shanker and Shukla (2017 a) is a special case, has been carried out and its important statistical properties including shapes of the density, moments, skewness and kurtosis measures, hazard rate function, and stochastic ordering have been discussed. The maximum likelihood estimation has been discussed for estimating its parameters. An application of the distribution has been explained with a real lifetime data from engineering, and its goodness of fit shows better fit over two-parameter power Akash distribution (PAD), two-parameter power Lindley distribution (PlD) and one-parameter Ishita, Akash, Lindley and exponential distributions.


The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is the new European rail signalling system. The preferred UK implementation of ERTMS should allow a more operationally efficient signalling system and improve operating performance. This paper discusses the issues for the modelling of this improved operating performance to support the business case to justify implementation.


The Large Conductance Ca2+ Activated Potassium (BK) Channels plays an important role in renal potassium secretion. G‐protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) is a multifunctional protein and transcriptional regulation factor that is involved in the G‐protein mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We have previously reported that WNK4 inhibits BK channel activity by stimulating ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways. We have recently shown that GPS2 enhances BK channel activity and its protein expression by reducing ERK1/2 signaling‐mediated degradation of the channel. We therefore hypothesized that GPS2 stimulates BK channel activity through its interaction with WNK4. We first investigated whether GPS2 interacts with WNK4. In HEK293 cells cotransfected with HA‐WNK4 and either myc‐vector or myc‐GPS2, co‐immunoprecipitation (co‐IP) experiments showed that myc‐GPS2 is able to co‐immunoprecipitate WNK4, whereas myc‐vector does not. To confirm their interaction, we performed the reciprocal co‐IP experiments in HEK293 cells co‐transfected with HA‐GPS2 and either myc‐vector or myc‐WNK4. We found that myc‐WNK4 co‐precipitates HA‐GPS2 while myc‐vector does not. To further assess the effects of GPS2 on WNK4‐mediated inhibitory effects on BK, we performed the western blot analysis in HEK293 cells cotransfected with BK with or without WNK4 in the presence or absence of GPS2. We found that WNK4 significantly inhibits BK protein expression as expected. However, in the presence of GPS2, BK protein expression is restored to the control level. To explore whether GPS2 affects WNK4 protein degradation we did WNK4 ubiquitination experiment. In Cos‐7 cells co‐transfected with WNK4 with or without GPS2, we showed that GSP2 significantly enhances WNK4 ubiquitination, suggesting that GPS2 promotes WNK4 degradation. We further showed that GPS2 reversed the WNK4‐mediated inhibition of BK protein expression by partially reducing the BK degradation through both proteosomal and lysosomal pathways. These data suggested that GPS2 stimulates BK activity through its interaction with WNK4, leading to enhancing WNK4 ubiquitination and degradation via both proteosomal and lysosomal pathways.


September 1977, volume 22 This article analyzes the problems of interorganizational linkage that developed between a state university and a state department of public welfare. Although five years and five million dollars were spent on this project, few mutual benefits resulted. This report employs an opensystems approach to examining the environmental effects which contributed to interorganizational problems and, ultimately, to the project's failure. It then makes practical recommendations about ways to improve organizational exchanges between universities and state government agencies.


With China entering WTO,we are facing more and more opportunities and ch allenges in our national pharmaceut ical industry and it is significant to str engthen the protection of the traditional Chinese medicine.This article analyses in detail the present situation of the intellectual property rights of the traditional Chinese medicine,and puts forword some relevant counter -measures.


Applying domain decomposition to the lattice Dirac operator and the associated quark propagator, we arrive at expressions which, with the proper insertion of random sources therein, can provide improvement to the estimation of the propagator. Schemes are considered for both open and closed (or loop) propagators. In the end, our technique for improving open contributions is similar to the ``maximal variance reduction'' approach of Michael and Peisa, but contains the advantage, especially for improved actions, of dealing directly with the Dirac operator. Using these improved open propagators for the Chirally Improved operator, we present preliminary results for the static-light meson spectrum.


Abstract This article describes women's lives in Indonesian pesantren1 (boarding schools), particularly in relation to issues of gender and sexuality. The curriculum and teaching methods adopted from Arabic culture are very traditional and deeply impact the ways of thinking of all santri (pesantren students) and kyai (pesantren leaders). Pesantren culture is still very patriarchal, for example, women students are subject to strict rules and women are regarded as sinful beings. Most pesantren regulate not only women's bodies but also their sexual desires. In addition, women students are prepared to become pious wives for men, not leaders. However, despite these strict regulations in the pesantren, same-sex erotic relations have been noted in the pesantren. Given Islamic views on women's sexuality and patriarchal power as propagated in the pesantren, same-sex relations among pesantren women in East Java may be interpreted as acts of resistance.


This book provides a critical analysis of literature regarding nuclear policy and nuclear waste disposal while presenting major arguments in favor of retracing the regulative profile of concurrent diversification processes in the context of renewable energy policies. The book focuses on public knowledge transfers in governance, which allows for identification of emerging factors in regional and state regulations, along with institutional industrial energy planning. Moreover, Amato scrutinizes current patterns of governmental knowledge transitions to explain how nuclear power policy and nuclear waste disposal facilities are regionally assessed. All of this happens in the context of a progressive, regulative integration of scientific policy directions, local knowledge innovation, nuclear energy policy, and more.


Through the perspective of a situation ethics this paper deals with the phenomenon of Japanese commuters cheating on train fares. The question of the relationship between honesty and morality in Japan is raised as well as the linkages and conflicts between the legal and the cultural realms. The folklore which surrounds the cheating and the actual cheating patterns are explored along with a discussion of the apprehension and punishment of offenders. Contrary to conventional wisdom, it is argued that urbanization, industria!ization, and modernization are not the primary causes for such actions but rather that the explanation for the occurrence and persistence of this behavior is sought in an orientation which is basic to the Japanese world view. The paper concludes that a fluid system of customary rules continues to be influential in the daily lives of the modern Japanese despite the intrusion of law.


The salicylaldehyde was used as monomer to modify chitosan. The resin material is characterized by means of IR. In ethanol solvent, Schiff base reaction between chitosan and salicylaldehyde was carried out, the salicylicaldehyde grafted chitosan (S-CTS) was generated. The effects of the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the reactant ratio, the system pH and the stirring rate on the graft reaction rate are studied in detail. The rersults show that the best reaction conditions are as follows: the temperature is 60°C, the reaction time is 8h, the ratio of chitosan and salicylaldehyde is 1:4, the pH is 5 and the stirring rate is 440r/min, the grafting rate can achieve 37.5%.


The generated amount of data on high flying platforms like aircrafts, satellites and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) increases continuously, due to the technical improvement of modern sensor systems. The resulting demands for higher data rates on airborne and space platforms motivates the development of Laser Communication terminals for aircrafts and satellites in the last years. DLR's Institute of Communications and Navigation has a successful track record in developing Free Space Optical (FSO) terminals for flying platforms like stratospheric balloons, aircrafts and small satellites to transfer data from moving platforms down to earth in real-time. Beside the advantages of FSO such as high data rates and a secure transfer channel against Radio Frequency (RF) interferences, a direct line of sight is mandatory for a successful link. Traditional RF-Communication is more robust and less effected by atmospheric disturbances or weather conditions. Thus, new system concepts have been developed to benefit from the provided high data rates of the FSO and the reliability of RF-Communication technologies. As part of this trend, DLR has developed and demonstrated a Hybrid FSO/RF-communication system capable of overcoming the spurious effects of the atmosphere. This paper gives an overview about DLR's current studies and developments with the goal to combine the advantages of FSO and RF-Communication. It discusses possible implementation concepts on different platforms and presents experimental results of the implemented FSO/RF hybrid communication system operating for airborne, optical downlinks at 1Gbps.


In 1959, Segre constructed a complete (3q+2)-cap inPG(3, q),qeven. This showed that the size of the smallest completek-cap inPG(3, q),qeven, is almost equal to the trivial lower bound which is of orderformula]. Generalizing the construction of Segre, complete (qn+3(qn?1+?+q)+2)-caps inPG(2n, q),qeven,q?4, and complete (3(qn+?+q)+2)-caps inPG(2n+1, q),qeven,q?4, are constructed. This shows that in all spacesPG(2n+1, q),qeven, the size of the smallest completek-cap is almost equal to the trivial lower bound which is of orderformula].


In the current paper, the effect of a magnetic field on the fully developed forced convective flow and heat transfer is studied. An exact solution is extracted when the flow in the porous medium is governed by the Brinkman–Forchheimer Extended Darcy model. First, the problem formulation is explained to obtain a new system of mathematical formulation. Then, by utilizing the properties which are imposed into the problem, the exact closed‐form analytical solution of the problem is explored. Finally, the main results are illustrated to show the impact of the porous media‐shaped parameter, magnetic parameter, Forchheimer number, and viscosity ratio. It should be mentioned that the asymptotic results achieved in this study were compared with the exact results and it is found that they are in good agreement.


Through the use of active controllers, a structure can modify its behavior during dynamic loadings such as impact, wind, or earthquake loadings. Such structures with self-modification capabilities are called smart structures. The smart-structure technology will have enormous consequences in terms of preventing loss of life and damage to structure and its content specially for large structures with hundreds of members. In this paper, a computational model is presented for active control of large adaptive structures subjected to dynamic loadings such as impact, wind, and earthquake loadings. The governing differential equations of the open-loop and closed-loop systems are formulated, and a recursive approach is presented for computing the response of the structure. A robust parallel-vector algorithm is developed for the recursive solution of the response of the open-loop and closed-loop systems. The computational model is applied to active control of large bridge structures. Three different schemes are investigated for optimal placement of controllers in bridge structures. Results are presented for three types of bridge structures: single-span, multispan continuous, and curved steel-truss bridges.


Abstract Current views of conceptual combination postulate that novel phrases are interpreted by linking one constituent to another via a relation. For example, robin snake might be interpreted as "a snake that eats robins." Two studies examined the generality of this relation linking view by examining interpretations of novel noun–noun combinations. The results provide support for the relation linking view but suggest other ways that novel phrases are interpreted. In particular, the first study suggested that people commonly use a strategy called property mapping, in which they assert that a property of the modifier concept is true of the head noun, e.g., interpreting robin snake, as "a snake with a red underbelly. " A second study showed that high similarity between the two nouns strongly predicts when people will map properties. I propose an extension to current models of conceptual combination in which property mapping is carried out by a comparison process.


A serious form of acid-induced ecological damage may be affecting forests in Europe and North America. Because forests and forestry products are a vital part of these regions' economies, the outcome of continuing research could dictate the direction of governmental response to acid deposition both at home and abroad.


There are two subjects which are now occupying a large place in the general policy of the American Medical Association. One of these is the effort at improvement of medical education. The other is the campaign in favor of the use of official remedies instead of proprietary or other remedies of uncertain or unknown composition. Both of these subjects are of direct importance to dermatology and I shall undertake, in the address which devolves on me as Chairman of this Section, to consider them in their bearings on our specialty. THE TEACHING OF DERMATOLOGY As you all know, the Council on Medical Education of the American Medical Association has been engaged for the last five years in an active campaign for improvement in medical education. The Council has lately undertaken the consideration of the subject of the medical curriculum and the standardizing of the medical course. With this end in


This booklet proposes four actions that school leaders, particularly school district superintendents, can take to promote simultaneous improvement of educator education and public schools. The proposed actions are that school leaders: (1) make preservice education a true priority; (2) cooperate in establishing partner schools that serve as professional development schools; (3) make professional development a high priority; and (4) work with various constituents to encourage bold curriculum and instruction innovations !n preservice education and professional development. Particular steps may include collaborating with parents, administrators, teachers, community members, and higher education institutions to set policies and goals related to school district involvement in educating educators; actively participating in recruiting and selecting students for preservice teacher education; enrolling preservice students in cohorts and assuring that minority students are included in the cohorts; supporting substantive school/college collaboration; developing support among parents, unions, and policy-making bodies, such as school boards and legislatures; allocating funds and other resources to assist in improving the education of educators; creating centers of inquiry; and helping university faculty and administrators understand school culture. The recommendations included in this booklet were drawn, in part, from conversations with superintendents from some of the 16 settings in the National Network for Educational Renewal and from other districts. (TAW *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************


Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder that occurs due to abnormalities in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. The speed, strength, range, steadiness, and tone of motor speech behaviors are affected by the abnormal performances of nerve fibers and muscles [1,2]. This disorder is known to influence five speech components, including respiration, phonation, articulation, prosody, and resonance [1,2]. Because all phonemes in the language are influenced by the disorder, the overall intelligibility, rather than the percentage of correctly produced consonants, has been of interest to both clinicians and researchers. "Speech intelligibility" is a measurement that scores how much listeners can underPurpose: Korean 'stops' are considered an especially good acoustic variable since they are sensitive to speech intelligibility and reflect physiological coordination between laryngeal and supra-laryngeal mechanisms. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the acoustic characteristics of both the dysarthria and control groups in the production of nine Korean stops, /p, p', p, t, t', t, k, k', k/, in VCV contexts. Methods: The participants comprised eight patients with dysarthria and eight ageand gender-matched normal adults. After the acoustic analysis of the closure duration, aspiration duration, and the ratio of closure duration to closure-aspiration combined duration, the results were compared among three types of phonation and places of articulation for Korean stops.


Akerlof's (1970) classical paper demonstrated that adverse selection can eliminate markets. These findings by Akerlof gave rise to a proliferation of theoretical models on insurance with adverse selection. However, there exists no empirical test for the model of Akerlof in the context of insurance. In fact, it is not possible to observe a market a la Akerlof in a real context, since that market would have in fact disappeared. The main objective of this work is to test the predictions made by Akerlof, in the context of an experimental insurance market. This experiment is, to our knowledge, the first done in this area. The major interest of this experiment lies in that it allows us to bypass the usual obstacles for testing the model of Akerlof. To fit in perfectly within the framework of analysis drawn by Akerlof, we integrate the assumption that individuals differ in their level of risk aversion (heterogeneity). Also, we allow for the possibility that the insurers adopt strategies of pricing contracts that differ according to the reasoning adopted. We conduct eleven independent experimental sessions in which two insurers in Bertrand competition interact over 60 rounds with height potential insurance contributors. The latter differ in their risk level and can not be differentiated by insurers. The data shows that market functioning depends on insurers' reasoning (sophisticated versus naïve) and individuals' risk-aversion levels. Yet, in line with the theoretical prediction, low-risk individuals are driven out of the insurance market.


The Capability mechanism is well known for its effective defense against DoS attacks,but Denial-of-Capability(DoC) attacks may seriously compromise this defense effect.To tackle the problems of DoC attacks,a new scheme called Enhanced Capability Request(ECR) based on puzzle is proposed.Once the request channel is exhausted,capability-enabled routers will implement congestion-puzzle mechanisms to send puzzles to all clients requesting for riddling.All the clients are expected to solve the puzzles and attach answers to ECR packets which are to be validated by routers and then transferred if answers are correct.Simulation results show that the mechanism is effective in its defense performance,and it can allow legitimate users to acquire capabilities with high efficiencies even when malicious capabilities request packets are flooding the routers.


The aim of this study was to determine the vitamin C status on growth performance, survival rate and biochimical parameters from tissue of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus, 1758) with average weight of 93±1,0 g were fed with different dietary vitamin C rations and reared in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Growth performance , survival rate and biochimical parameters from tissue of Nile tilapia were measured in groups fed diets supplemented with 100, 750, 2000 mg.kg-1L-ascorbic acid (AA) and almost ascorbate free diet (Total AA> 5 mg.kg-1) as a control. They were stocked in 12 rearing units at 28 o C water temperature for 30 days. Diet of 33 % protein was offered as feed, 3 times daily. Growth measurements of tilapia were recorded on beginning and at the end of the experiment. Results showed that growth performance for Nile tilapia had not significantly (p>0.05) differences between the control and the tretments . Survival rate was the same for al the treatments. The feed conversio ratio (FCR)) was not significant (p>0.05) between the control and the treatments. Resuls showed that the feed impoved with AA had no significant differences between treatments and control regarding the  optimum growth performance and survival rate at Nile tilapia.


This article studies the production of the Romanian novel published between 1933 and 1947 by deploying instruments of quantitative analysis. More precisely, based on the corpus resulted from the project The Digital Museum of the Romanian Novel: 1933-1947 (more than 700 digitized novels), our analysis focuses on the canonical writers and their "rivals", the authors and their novels bypassed by the literary canon, the geographical networks of production and the origin of the authors. The relevance of such a study lies not only in recording the evolution of the Romanian production centers, but also in mapping the formula, the mechanisms and, taking into account the article that analyzes the period 1901-1932, the process of canonization of the Romanian novel published in the first half of the 20th century.


Poly(ether imide) (PEI)-poly(dimethylsioxane) (PDMS) composite membranes and their modules were prepared, which are capable of selective CO2 separation from the mixture gas. The gas flow rate, concentration, recovery ratio of H2 and removal ratio of CO2 outflowing by stage-cut were characterized at 25℃ and the constant pressure. In addition, to increase the recovery ratio of H2, one stage, two stage series connection, and three stages series + parallel connection tests were carried out. When the stage-cut was 0.32 for the three stages connection operation, the concentration H2 of the produced gas and the recovery ratio of H2 was 97% and 85%, respectively. And also the removal ratio of CO2 was 90% was obtained and the recycled gas concentration was ilar with that of the feed gases.


Approximately 500,000 international students attend US universities and the number has grown steadily over the past decade (Institute of International Education, 1996). Conservative estimates of $10,000 tuition rates translate into an annual influx of $5 billion for US colleges and universities. For businesses catering to students, this international student body is also monetarily significant. If just one-quarter of the total international student population purchases a television and a bed (two crucial elements of any college student's life), the economic impact reaches $44 million. Adding other durable goods, personal goods, food, and beverages could quickly bring the expenditures to over $1 billion. Both business owners and university administrators at home and abroad recognize the opportunities readily available in this market segment. In an attempt to capture a growing portion of the student body in the US, three major banks agreed to structure loans of up to $50,000 specifically for Asian students attending targeted universities in the US (Arenson, 1997). The banks forecast impressive profits. Australian and British educational institutions also joined the race for attracting and retaining international students. Aggressive marketing techniques in these countries, such as monetary incentives and guaranteed government loans for qualifying students, have 'wooed' foreign students (especially Asians) away from American colleges (Desruisseaux, 1997). Despite the presence of this large consumer group, little research has looked at their buying habits or purchase preferences. Two preliminary studies shed light on this group through the narrow examination of the travel (Hsu and Sung, 1997) and education sectors (Heiskell, 1998). While such research offers an excellent springboard for future endeavors, little progress has been made. I propose an exploratory investigation of consumer behavior theories and methodologies for studying this growing population. To accomplish this task I briefly outline the research trends in cross-cultural consumer research, discuss the process of cultural assimilation, summarize two theoretical bases from which the present study is based, and offer propositions to be tested using eclectic methodologies. Cross-cultural Research The interaction of culture and consumer behavior has been studied from numerous perspectives. Over the past decades, two paths for investigating the relationship have emerged: (1) the empiricist approach, which examines the validity of present consumer behavior theories and knowledge when applied to other cultures, (e.g., Desphande et al., 1986; Clark, 1990) and (2) the interpretive approach, which attempts to interpret motives and meanings of consumer actions in other cultures (e.g., McCracken, 1986; Mehta and Belk, 1991). Table 1 illustrates a sampling of this research spanning the last 20 years. While this research stream is impressive, contradictions exist in explanations of how and why consumption patterns change as people move from one culture to another. Some of these contradictions result from the theories used to interpret the changes. Individual difference theories based on psychological motivations for behavior (i.e., materialism) draw different conclusions than theories based on sociological moti vations (i.e., cultivation). Due to the multi-dimensionality of changes individuals go through in the move from one culture to another it seems logical to investigate the two divergent theoretical and methodological paths to garner a comprehensive picture of how and why consumption adjustments occur. The proposed research offers proposals and methodologies to bridge this gap. I propose an exploratory project that interweaves two theoretical foundations (the influence of mass media and materialism) and suggest methodologies that directly address acknowledged limitations of previous studies. First, I expand Lee's (1989) findings on the relationships between mass media exposure and perceptions of consumption realities in an unfamiliar culture by including measures of pre-move, media-viewing habits and by predicting changes in purchase patterns among identified consumer groups at distinct stages in the acculturation process. …


It is well known that repeated injections of a small dose of pentylentetrazol elicit generalized seizures in rat, which is called PTZ kindling and thought to be an animal model of generalized epilep~y.~ PTZ kindled seizure is characterized by generalized spike and wave discharges on EEG concomitant with generalized seizures such as myoclonic and tonic seizures. PTZ is known as a potent convulsant by acting via a specific interaction with GABA-coupled chloride ionophore.' However, there is little evidence for the basic neuronal mechanism of the PTZ kindled seizure. In the present study, in order to elucidate the role of GABAergic neurons, two different experiments were studied, such as the ''C-deoxyglucose autoradiography during kindled seizure and the GABA-T histochemical study of the kindled rat brain.


In the paper up-to-date methods and approaches to lexical and semantic modelling are analyzed, namely, in the works of such prominent specialists in the field as N. N. Leontjeva, E.V. Paducheva, J.D. Apresyan, R. Jackendoff, J. Sowa, a nd others. Some of the linguistic resources (integrate d into information systems) with semanticoriented featur es and other language-specific attributes are consider ed. Apart from the analyzing and reviewing of the exist ing approaches and resources, some suggestions and additions are given by the author, including the approaches of the artificial intelligence technique s and JSM-method formalisms.


In market economy, the capitalization of essential factors of production is the presupposition for the distribution based on contributions and profits. So the distribution of essential factors of production is the distribution of capital by nature —— equal amount of capital can get equal amount of profit. Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the knowledge of capital distribution in socialist market economy.


Studies on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Gracilaria corticata carried out at Mandapam and Pudumadam in the Gulf of Mannar, over a period of three years from 1968 to 1970 have been presented, along with some observations on the distribution and harvest of the crop. The growth of the species appears to be irregular and the peak growth occurs during June to August/September and December to February/March, Seasonal changes have not been observed in the abundance of reproductive plants which occurred throughout the year. Tetrasporic plants have predominant in the populations examined at Mandapam
and Pudumadam than the sexual plants. Harvesting experiment conducted at Pudumadam showed that the time of harvest and periodic collection of plants influence the rate of production and density of the alga in the natural habitats and that it is profitable to harvest G. corticata twice in a year, during June to August/September and December to February/March.


An important part of power line protection system maintenance is the retrospective analysis of fault data to verify that all elements of the protection system were set properly and operated as they should have. In this paper, we describe an automated approach to detecting anomalies using data from microprocessor-based digital protective relays. At present, the systems are specific to the ABB Relay Division MDAR relay family. However, the techniques used are generalizable to other types and brands of digital relay.


This paper is devoted to the first boundary value problem for the heat equation with a fast oscillating source. Direct and inverse problems are solved. The direct problem is to construct and justify an asymptotic expansion for the solution under appropriate assumptions. The inverse problem is to find the source if the value of two-term asymptotic expansion for solution at some point of space is given.


India is one of the 12 mega-diversity countries. It is estimated that around 70,000 plant species, approximately 7500 species have been recorded to have medicinal value. The 300 species are used by 7800 medicinal drug manufacturing units in India, which consume about 2000 tons of herbs annually. There are estimated to be more than 717,319 registered practitioners of ayurveda, siddha, unani and homeopathy in India and in recent years, the growing demand for herbal products has led to the extinction of many important plant herbs. Ashwagandha is also a rare and endangered plant. Withania somnifera possess good immunomodulatory anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, anticancer properties and many pharmacologically and medicinally important chemicals, they protect the cells from oxidative damage and diseases. In present paper we have tried to unveil the therapeutic knowledge about Ashwagandha, which is used to exploit novel medicines. Considering its relevance, further research is required to explore the potential from this medicinal herb.


This article discusses how climate change causes an intensification of Western North Pacific typhoons and how the effects of such amplified typhoons upon the Philippines exemplify the concept of climate injustice. Using a political ecology approach, the article begins with an examination of the concepts of climate change, climate injustice, background injustice, and compound injustice. This is followed by an examination of the causes of typhoons, the vulnerability of the Philippines to typhoons, and how climate change may generate stronger typhoons. These stronger typhoons that may be produced by climate change, and the risks that they pose to the Philippines, are an example of climate injustice, while the legacy of colonial exploitation in the Philippines is an example of background injustice. The struggles faced by the Philippines in coping with climate change augmented typhoons are an example of compound injustice. The article concludes with a discussion of the reluctance of developed countries, such as Australia, Canada, and the United States, to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions notwithstanding the consequences these emissions have on countries such as the Philippines.


Modern system of higher education has a fundamental scientific base which allows graduates to learn comprehensively, but a new era of information and globalization in education requires modernization, new approaches to organizing higher school. Combination of powerful and accessible information technologies, general computerization led to appearance of new specific educational technologies, formation of distance learning, which, in turn, allows expanding the contingent of students, integrating education into the international educational space. In recent years, distance learning has become an integral component of the educational process at higher educational institutions and is used in all forms of education. The use of distance learning allows increasing the quality of education due to the fast enrichment with the world educational resources. Distance learning becomes especially relevant in the conditions of new federal state educational standards which aimed at reducing the volume of classroom hours and increasing the proportion of students' independent work. In addition, the world coronavirus pandemic served as a kind of impetus for the development of information educational technologies. However, even those educational institutions that had actively used educational technologies in the educational process long before the arisen changes faced a number of difficulties. In the article special features of introducing distance learning into educational institutions of Russia are considered. An analysis of the state of the Russian online education market is presented. An overview of modern educational platforms which manifest themselves in the best way in the system of higher education is offered. In addition, the article presents advantages and disadvantages of distance learning in the conditions of a higher educational institution, as well as an assessment of prospects for the online education development both in the world and in Russia. Keywords—information society, distance learning, e-learning, Internet technologies, educational platforms for online learning