Summary. We sought evidence of BCR/ABL transcripts in the peripheral blood of nine CML patients in complete clinical and cytogenetic remission after treatment by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or interferon and in one patient who entered spontaneous remission. Six patients were investigated at different times during their follow‐up. We compared results obtained with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using (a) a single‐stage PCR comprising 30 cycles of amplification with selected oligomers, and (b) a two‐stage procedure in which the reaction product from the first stage was subjected to a further 30 cycles with nested amplimers. Special care was taken to assess contamination, including for each patient simultaneous co‐extraction of a negative control. Blood cells from all patients showed no evidence of BCR/ABL transcripts in the one‐stage PCR but 9/17 specimens were positive in the two‐stage procedure. Patients in complete remission for a long time (greater than 2 years) appeared negative. These results serve in part to explain the discordant findings reported in other studies and emphasize the importance of carefully selecting the technical conditions most likely to give results that are prognostically relevant for individual patients.


Recently, one of the most vital advancement in the field of finance is high-performance trading using field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The objective of this paper is to design high-performance Black Scholes option trading system on an FPGA. We implemented an efficient Black Scholes Call Option System IP on an FPGA. The IP may perform 180 million transactions per second after initial latency of 208 clock cycles. The implementation requires the 64-bit IEEE double-precision floatingpoint adder, multiplier, exponent, logarithm, division, and square root IPs. Our experimental results show that the design is highly efficient in terms of frequency and resource utilization, with the maximum frequency of 179 MHz on Altera Stratix V.


Reading is considered to be one of the most prominent skills as most students and teachers are required to do their academic reading in English. It is obvious that reading is one of the most important activities in any language class, both as a source of information and extending one's knowledge of the language. The main difference in the attitude to reading in recent years has been the emphasis on providing guidance for students in developing their reading skills and using some strategies rather than merely expecting it to develop with its own accord.


Microstrip antennas (MSA) have several advantages, such as, lightweight, small volume and low profile planar configuration. However, their VSWR bandwidth is small and also its size is large in the UHF range (300 - 3000 MHz). The size reduction has been obtained by using either shorting posts or by cutting slots in the conventional MSAs. A shorted L-shaped MSA configuration has been proposed. The bandwidth has been increased by using gap-coupled multiresonator technique. These antennas have been analyzed using IE3D software based on the method of moments followed by experimental verifications.


To find solution for XOR problem we are considering two widely used software that is being relied on by many software developers for their work. The first software is Google Colab tool which can be used to implement ANN programs by coding the neural network using python. This tool is reliable since it supports python language for its implementation. The other major reason is that we can use GPU and TPU processors for the computation process of the neural network. The major advantage of this is that for complex Neural Networks instead of using CPU present in the user's system we can use those two processors through online mode without purchasing such processors for our computation. The next software that can be used for implementing ANN is Matlab Simulink. This software is used for highly calculative and computational tasks such as Control System, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Digital Signal Processing and many more. Matlab is highly efficient and easy to code and use when compared to any other software. This is because Matlab stores data in the form of matrices and computes them in this fashion. Matlab in collaboration with Simulink can be used to manually model the Neural Network without the need of any code or knowledge of any coding language. Since Simulink is integrated with Matlab we can also code the Neural Network in Matlab and obtain its mathematically equivalent model in Simulink. Also, Matlab has a dedicated tool in its library to implement neural network called NN tool. Using this tool, we can directly add the data for input, desired output, or target. After inserting the required data, we can train the network with the given dataset and receive appropriate graph's which will be helpful in analyzing the data. Once the Neural Network is trained, we can test the network through this tool and verify the obtained results.


A massive hydraulic fracturing demonstration has been conducted by Mobil and DOE in Mesaverde and overlying sands below the productive Wasatch Formation in Mobil's Piceance Creek Field. The experimental well was drilled in 1977. During that year intervals between 9500 and 10,800 ft. were tested and massive fracturing treatments were carried out in two of them, zones 1 and 3. These zones were put on production during early 1978 with gas rate declining from about 4.0 to 1.1 MMCFD during an 86-day test period. Since May, 1978, four additional massive fracturing treatments have been conducted in zones 5 and 9. Treatment size was less than planned in three of these treatments because of severe treating pressure increases during fracturing, terminated by sand-outs. This problem had occurred to a lesser degree in zones 1 and 3. However, it did not occur in the topmost interval, zone 9, where a planned treatment with 700,000 lb. of sand was put away without difficulty. This interval, identified with the Ohio Creek formation, consists of about 150 ft. of almost continuous sand and appears to be less lenticular than the Mesaverde. The zone 9 treatment was the most successful of the entire sequence. Following cleanupmore » it was produced at an initial rate of 4.0 MMCFD and declined to 2.0 MMCFD after 50 days of production. Following this test the well was shut in to remove two isolation plugs remainingin the well between zones 8 and 9 and between zones 3 and 4. Upon completion of this work the well will be produced into a sales line with flow from all zones to obtain flow behavior data for the entire well. This paper covers details of completion and testing work done on the well since mid-1978. Details of work done prior to that time are given in previous publications.« less


The dependence of radiation dose reduction on the sizes and materials of buildings was studied by numerical analyses using the Monte Carlo simulation code, PHITS. The dose rates inside the buildings were calculated by simulating gamma-ray transport from radioactive cesium deposited at the ground surface. Three building models were developed: the wooden house, the open-space concrete building, and the thin-wall building, to study the effect of building size and construction material on dose reduction inside these structures. Here the floor-area sizes of the building models were varied to clarify the influence of building configuration on dose reduction. The results demonstrated that the dose rates inside the buildings linearly decreased with increasing floor area on a logarithmic scale for all types of buildings considered. The calculated dose distribution inside a building indicated that the distance from the outer walls was a determining factor for the dose rate at each position in the building. The obtained tendency was verified by comparison with data reflecting the dose reduction of typical buildings in Japan.


The purpose of economic reforms is to change the structure and overall direction of an economy. They therefore will affect the amount and allocation of resources available to a country. This means that the reforms will also affect the human rights situation in the country. This requires impact assessments of each reform option before it is implemented.


A new quaternary compound in the Ca±Eu±Sn±O system, namely calcium europium tin heptaoxide, Ca1.5Eu3Sn0.5O7, was prepared by solid-state reaction at 2073 K. All atoms in the structure are on 4i special positions (on mirrors) in space group C2/m. Ca/Eu sites are situated within two O octahedra and within two sevenfold coordination sites surrounded by O-capped trigonal prisms. A Ca/Eu/Sn site is coordinated by ®ve O atoms. The structural formula can be represented as (Ca0.28Eu0.72)(Ca0.16Eu0.84)(Ca0.46Eu0.54)(Ca0.28Eu0.72)(Ca0.32Eu0.18Sn0.50)O7. The crystal structure is a new type and is related to the structure of B-form Eu2O3.


Petroleum has become an integral part of today's global economy and a key component of many national economies. Hence, the presence of petroleum in meaningful quantities can have important economic, developmental, and strategic consequences for a country. While a country's petroleum resource base is a gift of nature, translating this resource into saleable crude oil requires investment and effort. Whether governments choose to invest directly or allow private investors to do so, their primary concern should be to maximize the social benefits derived from the exploitation of the resource base. In practice, however, defining what constitutes maximum social welfare is essentially a political question, which helps explain the variety of objectives pursued by governments over time. In order to exploit their natural resources efficiently, many governments rely on private oil companies. Governments have a challenging task in deciding which companies should be awarded the exclusive rights to explore, develop, and produce their resources, and on what conditions such rights should be awarded. There is little empirical documentation on the design and relative effectiveness of alternative systems for the allocation of petroleum exploration, development, and production (E&P) rights and their policy implications. This paper analyzes the available evidence on the advantages and disadvantages of various practices used by petroleum producing countries to allocate petroleum E&P rights, and draws conclusions about the optimal design of E&P allocation systems.


A Sense-Compute-Control(SCC) application involves interactions among a large number of heterogeneous devices that can sense the physical world by obtaining information from sensors, compute the captured information, and control the physical world by triggering actions using actuators. SCC applications are pervasive and found in many application domains, including industrial control, robotics systems or building automation. Developing a SCC application is challenging because it implies a wide range of related issues such as lack of separation of concerns, and lack of high-level of abstractions to address heterogeneity of target devices. Moreover, stakeholders involved in the application development have to address issues that can be attributed to different life-cycles phases such as development, deployment, and evolution.
 Existing approaches only cover limited subsets of the above mentioned challenges. This paper proposes an integrated approach for the development of SCC applications. It separates the application development into different concerns. So, stakeholders can deal with them individually at evolution and reuse them across applications. To support actions of stakeholders, the development framework provides a set of modeling languages to specify each development concern and abstracts the heterogeneity related complexity. It integrates code generation, task-mapping, and linking techniques to provide automation at various phases of SCC application development.


Spontaneous responses by self-organizing, "emergent" voluntary groups and individuals are a common feature of urban disasters. Their activities include search and rescue, transporting and distributing relief supplies, and providing food and drink to victims and emergency workers. However, informal actors are rarely incorporated into formal disaster and humanitarian planning. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge concerning the nature and scale of emergent activity around the world, its impact in the short and long terms, challenges associated with it in different contexts, and lessons for future urban humanitarian practice.


With the beginning of 804, less than a year had passed since Tamerlane's devastating onslaught on Syria. The death of Barqūq in 801/1399 was followed by the accession of his son Faraj under the aegis of Aytamish al-Bajāsī, one of his father's most faithful companions. The unfinished settling of accounts amongst factions was to continue throughout 804, first with a showdown in Ṣafar between low-ranking amirs and high-ranking ones, such as Nawrūz al-Ḥāfiẓī, Jakam min ʿAwaḍ and Sūdūn Ṭāz. In Syria, the viceroy of Damascus, Taghrībirdī, the father of the historian, narrowly escaped arrest on orders of the sultan and joined Damurdāsh al-Muḥammadī, the viceroy of Aleppo and an old acquaintance of his, who had rebelled earlier against Faraj.Keywords: Barqūq; Jakam; Nawrūz Al-Ḥāfiẓī; Syria


Organizations usually apply classical methods of employee performance evaluation. In this classical system, employee performance depends on work results, and it is evaluated only as success or failure in job behaviors. The non-classical performance evaluation methods such as fuzzy logic may mainly be used to many forms of decision-making including artificial intelligence systems. This research proposes a new employee performance evaluation method based on fuzzy logic systems. The process of performance measurement for evaluating the effectiveness, efficiency, and productivity of employees encompasses data collection, data design, and data analysis stages and it involves a level of uncertainty associated with performance measures. In evaluating employee performance, it usually involves granting numerical values or linguistic labels to employee performance in the organization. The scores accorded by the appraisers are only approximations,  which are then, used to represent each employee's achievement by reasoning incorporated in the computational methods. In this paper, the fuzzy logic theory approach is used to represent the uncertainty caused by performance measures during its design, use and analysis stages. This research seeks to describe and execute the fuzzy logic theory approach for decision making in the employee performance appraisal process. Finally, reasoning based on fuzzy logic theory provides an alternative way in dealing with imprecise data, which is often reflected in the way humans think and make judgments in real life.


The World Health Organization estimates that 10% of the world's population over the age of 60 suffers from osteoarthritis (OA) [1]. The majority of these cases involve the hip and knee. Symptomatic osteoarthritis of the ankle with radiographic changes is seen in approximately 11% of patients seeking treatment for "arthritis" [1]. Idiopathic arthritis, as seen in the hip and knee, is rare in the ankle joint. The majority of ankle arthritis is secondary to trauma (70%), with a smaller percentage being attributed to inflammatory arthropathies such as RA (12%) and only 7% attributed to primary OA [2]. Ankle arthritis can be a debilitating dis‐ ease. In fact, the mental and physical disability associated with end-stage arthritis of the an‐ kle is at least as severe as that associated with end stage hip arthritis [3].


The wave induced fluxes of energetic trapped ions during ICRF heating of tokamak plasmas are calculated by using quasi-linear equations. A simple single particle model of this transport mechanism is also given. Both a convective flux proportional to kø|E+|2 and a diffusive flux proportional to are found. Here, kø is the toroidal wavenumber and E+ is the left hand polarized wave field. The convective flux may become significant for large kø if the wave spectrum is asymmetric in kø. But for køρ≪1, a condition satisfied in most previous and planned experiments, radial transport driven directly by the ICRF wave is unimportant.


In order to make the better use of tussah,the influence of extracting pressure,temperature,time,and tussah powder's shatter on the deodorization of tussah was studied systematically under supercritical condition.The results showed that the best condition is 30 MPa,50 ℃,60 min and the powder's shatter 110.The rate of deodorization is 99.6%.


In the title compound, C32H40N6O6, the dihedral angles between the two fused five-membered rings in the glycoluril unit and between the two benzene rings are 72.5 (4) and 84.4 (1)°, respectively.


Background: Previous studies documented that no-reflow phenomenon defined as short diastolic deceleration time (DDT) of coronary flow velocity immediately after raperfusion by a Doppler guidewire enables prediction of later left ventdcular (LV) remodeling in reperfused acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We investigated whether serial evaluation of coronary flow velocity pattern in the early phase after reperfusion by transthorecic Doppler echocardiegraphy (TTDE) permits better prediction of LV remodeling in the chronic phase in patients with reperfused AMI, Methods: We assessed the coronary flow DDT in the left antedor descending artery (LAD) immediately, 48 hours, and 7 days after successful coronary intervention in 32 consecutive patients with AMI using TTDE. DDT in the LAD flow <_ 350 ms was defined as no-reflow pattern. LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) was measured by two-dimensional echocardiography with biplane Simpson's method before and 1 month after intervention, An increase in LVEDV -> 20% was defined as abnormal LV remodeling. Results: 1) Abnormal LV remodeling was observed in 8 of 32 patients 1 month after coronary intervention. 2) Prediction of abnormal LV remodeling from no-refiow pattern immediately after coronary intervention had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 100%, 63%, and 72%, respectively, 3) No-reflow pattern immediately after reperfusion rapidly changed to good reflow pattem after 48 hours in 4 patients with no abnormal LV remodeling 1month later. 4) Prediction of abnormal LV remodeling from no-reflow pattern 48 hours after coronary intervention significantly improved to 100%, 79%, and 84%, respectively. Conclusion: Serial evaluation of coronary flow velocity pattern by TTDE in the acute phase of reperfused AMI enables better prediction of LV remodeling in the chronic phase.


anti-SBR responses can be induced.1 Moreover, an adjuvant amount of intact CT can further increase the mucosal immunogenicity of the SBR-CTA2/B chimeric protein. In the present study, we investigated if the mucosal immunogenicity of SBR-CTA2/B can be potentiated with the safe systemic adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL®).2 Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized by the intranasal (i.n.) route three times at 14 day intervals with: (i) SBR; (ii) SBR + MPL aqueous formulation (MPL-AF); (iii) SBR-CTA2/B; (iv) SBR-CTA2/B + MPL-AF; and (v) an unrelated antigen, tetanus toxoid (TT) + MPL-AF, as control. The SBR and TT were used at 20 μg/dose, the SBR-CTA2/B at an equivalent 50 μg/dose, and MPL-AF at 25 μg/dose. Biological samples (serum, saliva, and vaginal secretion) were collected at days 0, 14, 28, 36, 43, and 120, and analyzed for the presence of anti-SBR antibodies by ELISA. Mice given SBR + MPL-AF, SBR-CTA2/B, or SBRCTA2/B + MPL-AF by the i.n. route had high anti-SBR responses in serum, saliva, and vaginal secretions which generally peaked 2 weeks after the third immunization (Table 1) and persisted at substantial levels until at least day 120. Low levels of anti-SBR activity were detected in mice given SBR alone, whereas no specific anti-SBR antibodies were detected in mice immunized with TT + MPLAF (Table 1). The co-administration of MPL-AF with either SBR or SBR-CTA2/B resulted in significantly higher (P < 0.05) serum IgG and mucosal IgA responses to SBR than those induced by SBR-CTA2/B alone, but there were no significant differences between the groups given MPL-AF regardless of the form (free or CTA2/Blinked) of SBR. These data show that MPL-AF, is a potent mucosal adjuvant when given by the i.n. route which may be useful in vaccines against caries, sexually-transmitted diseases, and possibly other infectious diseases.


The fragmentation effect of PELE refers to the fragmentation of the jacket after PELE penetrates the metal target plate. Three sets of 30CrMnSiA tensile samples with different hardness were pulled to obtain the corresponding maximum principal tensile stress and fracture strain of the material. It was found that the greater the hardness, the smaller the fracture strain, and the more easily to shear failure; Then, PELE penetration metal thin target fragment recovery test was carried out. It was found that only HRC50 jacket had compression shear and other brittle material damage characteristics and produced ideal fragmentation effect during penetration; The results show that the greater the target velocity is, the greater the critical value of its own material breaking is. When its own breaking strain is less than the critical value, the jacket can play a fragmentation effect; For PELE penetrator with the same material performance that meet the crushing conditions, the greater the impact velocity, the more the number of jacket fragments and the larger the distribution radius of fragments.


For a packed‐bed biofilm reactor two reactor models are proposed. One model is for the limiting case of a biofilm with a constant biofilm thickness in which diffusion within the biofilm is shown to be negligible. The second model assumes that the thickness of the biofilm is limited by the concentration of substrate within the biofilm. The analytical solutions for these reactor models are shown to agree very well with the numerical solutions to the exact differential equations.


Bachelor thesis deals with the European Central Bank , focusing on non-standard monetary policy measures . The first chapter is devoted to theoretical basis of central banking and monetary policy . The second chapter analyses the unconventional instruments of monetary policy of the ECB and interest rates . The third chapter evaluates the use of non-standard measures in times of crisis .


The remote detection of surface laid metallic and nonmetallic mines by optical or infrared methods is feasible provided there is no obscuration by local vegetation and there is an adequate contrast ratio. In the situation where vegetation obscures the mine, one method of detecting the mine is by means of a passive microwave radiometer. The principle of passive microwave radiometry is based on a receiving antenna that intercepts the microwave radiation emitted by the scene, providing an output that is proportional to the integrated power gathered by the antenna beam pattern. The output from terminals of the antenna is processed by means of a receiver and the radiometer effectively functions as a power meter. Details of the radiometer architecture are described.


Let (R. m) be a d-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local ring. Given m-primary ideals J ⊂ I of R such that I is contained in the integral closure of J and λ(I/J)= I, we compare depth G(J) and depth G(J). For example, if J has reduction number one, JI = I2, and μ(J)≤ d + 1, we prove that depth G(I)≥d – 1. If, in addition, μ(I)= d + 1, we show that I has reduction number one, and hence G(I) is Cohen-Macaulay. These results, besides leading to statements comparing depths of associated graded rings along a composition series, make visible the possibility of studying powers of an ideal by using reductions that are not minimal reductions.


A detailed understanding of species distribution is usually a prerequisite for the rehabilitation and utilization of species in an ecosystem. Paeonia veitchii (Paeoniaceae), which is an endemic species of China, is an ornamental and medicinal plant that features high economic and ecological values. With the decrease of its population in recent decades, it has become a locally endangered species. In present study, we modeled the potential distribution of P. veitchii under current and future conditions, and evaluated the importance of the factors that shape its distribution. The results revealed a highly and moderately suitable habitat for P. veitchii that encompassed ca. 605,114 km2. The central area lies in northwest Sichuan Province. Elevation, temperature seasonality, annual mean precipitation, and precipitation seasonality were identified as the most important factors shaping the distribution of P. veitchii. Under the scenario with a low concentration of greenhouse gas emissions (RCP 2.6), we predicted an overall expansion of the potential distribution by 2050, followed by a slight contraction in 2070. However, with the scenario featuring intense greenhouse gas emissions (RCP 8.5), the range of suitable habitat should increase with the increasing intensity of global warming. The information that was obtained in the present study can provide background information related to the long-term conservation of this species.


We report measurements of the electrical transport properties of mesoscopic normal-metal–superconducting devices as a function of temperature, dc current, and magnetic field. In addition to properties associated with coherent Andreev reflection similar to those seen previously by other groups, these devices also exhibit sharp peaks and dips in the differential resistance as a function of dc current through the device. These features are occasionally metastable, and in doubly connected structures, their position and amplitude oscillate weakly with magnetic field. We believe these features arise from nonequilibrium transport phenomena induced by the dc current in the superconducting part of the samples. @S0163-1829~99!01029-2#


Fast Z-pinch implosions can efficiently convert the stored electrical energy in a pulsed-power accelerator into x rays. These x rays are produced when an imploding cylindrical plasma, driven by the magnetic field pressure associated with very large axial currents, stagnates upon the cylindrical axis of symmetry. On the Saturn pulsed-power accelerator [R. B. Spielman et al., in Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Dense Z Pinches, Laguna Beach, CA, 1989, edited by N. R. Pereira, J. Davis, and N. Rostoker (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1989), p. 3] at Sandia National Laboratories, for example, currents of 6–8 MA with a rise time of less than 50 ns are driven through cylindrically symmetric loads, producing implosion velocities as high as 108 cm/s and x-ray energies exceeding 400 kJ. Hydromagnetic Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities and cylindrical load symmetry are critical, limiting factors in determining the assembled plasma densities and temperatures, and thus in the x-ray energies and...


The regionaleconom ic gap in Shanxiprovince has existed for a long time.econvergence test showed that, on the whole, its regional econom ic gap presents divergence-convergence process from1978 to 2009. However,U convergence test showed that, during that period its regional economy did not have absolute or relative beta convergence. The decomposition of grow th accounting based on capitaloutput ratio shows that the elasticity of capital is the important factor of regional econom ic disparity. The impact of input factors on regionaldisparity decreased graduallywhile the effectof total factorproductivity rises gradually. Factor input is actually a factor to narrow the gap between regions ofShanxiprovince from2003-2009, and the total regional gap came from total factor productivity. If Shanxi province wants to continue to narrow the regional gap, itmust raise total factor productivity in poor areas.


N-Substituted keteniminylidenetriphenylphosphoranes react with isothiocyanates in a [2+2] cycloaddition to form the four-membered ring phosphonium ylides. These yield the previously unknown arylidene-2,4-bisiminothietanes with aromatic aldehydes.


The invention discloses a nondestructive testing method and a nondestructive testing device for nitrogen and water of crops, and relates to the technical field of crop nutrient diagnosis. The device is characterized by comprising a multisensor information acquisition device, a portable computer, a sensor detecting frame and an instrument container, wherein an infrared temperature measuring sensor, an irradiance sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor are connected with a data acquisition card through a signal cable; the data acquisition card, two digital industrial view cameras and an input end of a power supply module are connected with the portable computer through a USB bus; the power supply module boosts the voltage of a USB to DC24V for supplying power to the sensors; the sensordetecting frame can adjust the height according to the crops; multisensor information is uploaded to the portable computer; and the visible light and the near infrared image features of a plant canopy are extracted, canopy temperature and illumination information are merged, an environment error is eliminated, and the nitrogen and the water of the field crops can be rapidly and nondestructively detected on line.


Water bodies landscape is a distinctive feature in Pingdingshan New Urban District.And it is also a spark.Landscape water bodies are feeble eco-environment.Their issues of exploitation and protection in Pingdingshan New Urban District,living place in 21th century.With the help of the natural environment features in Pingdingshan New Urban District,the author explores the protection of the wetland system close to the reservoir,the building of landscape water bodies in the north areas of the water-shed and the sense of public environment protection in the process of opening up the New Urban District.


An intelligent shape-memory polymer was made through the synthesis of poly(lactic acid) macromonomers with furanyl groups and crosslinking with linkers with maleimidyl groups. The thermoreversible covalent bonds formed by the Diels–Alder reaction between these groups made this polymer recyclable (i.e., environmentally friendly). The structure of the polymer was also studied. A defect of the structure, a dissociated moiety of the thermoreversible bonding, was strongly affected by the reaction conditions and was investigated with UV spectroscopy, which was used to monitor the concentration of the maleimidyl groups. The relation between the flexibility of the linker and the strength and inner stress of the polymer was also evaluated. Reducing the number of defects and relaxing the inner stress were found to increase the strength of the shape-memory polymer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009


ALL lovers of open-air Nature, and especially those of birds, will thank Mr. Massingham for putting together in one handy little volume those charming articles of which some have already been published in the Spectator, Contemporary Review, and elsewhere. Throughout the book the reader is by felicitous phrase and by the inborn sympathy of the author with Nature in all her moods transported into the "field"; yes, even when the chapter is entitled "Bird-haunted London." With singular literary skill Mr. Massingham presents his pictures, whether of landscape or of his favourite birds, so vividly that scene, incident, and character live in the reader's mental vision. No writer of our acquaintance has succeeded better in seeing into and interpreting the behaviour of birds, and that without, undue anthropomorphism. But the reading of character extends beyond a nice and artistic sympathy with feathered life, for the chapters on "Gilbert White and Selborne" and "Charles Waterton" are masterly appreciations of two diametrically different naturalists. In each we end the chapter feeling that we know the man better than ever before, and understand why the fame of one, but not that of the other, has widely endured. If we may be allowed one critical request, it is to entreat Mr. Massingham not to use the word "intrigue" when "interest " will do just as well—indeed, much better. The latter is English, and the former is, we devoutly trust, a mere passing affectation. The book is, however, a very notable addition to the literature of natural history, and should find a place in every library, large or small.Some Birds of the Countryside: The Art of Nature.H. J.MassinghamBy. Pp. 208.(London: T. Fisher Unwin, Ltd., 1921.) 12s. 6d. net.


Objective To investigate the effects of succinylated gelatin and urea-linked gelatin on pulmonary capillary permeability and inflammation in rat sepsis model by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP).Methods Ninety-six male SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups with 12 rats each.Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ received CLP+polygeline 7.5,15 and 30 ml/kg,respectively.Group Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ received CLP+MFG 7.5,15 and 30 ml/kg,respectively.Group Ⅶ received CLP and NS 30 ml/kg.Group Ⅷ received sham operation and normal saline(NS) 30 ml/kg.The animals received transfusion 4 hours after CLP.The lung tissues were acquired 6 hours after CLP for the determinations of pulmonary capillary permeability,water content,TNF-α level,NF-κB activity and ultrastructure.Results Urea-linked gelatin(15 ml/kg and 30 ml/kg) and succinylated gelatin(30 ml/kg) significantly decreased pulmonary permeability and improved ultrastructure changes,without depression on TNF-α and NF-κB.Conclusion Both succinylated and urea-linked gelatins can reduce CLP-induced pulmonary capillary leak and improve ultrastructure without decrease of inflammation.


The emplacement of allochthonous sheets in the overthrust belt that forms the southern flank of the Pyrenees, through the Catalan region of Spain, began in Late Cretaceous time and continued into the Oligocene. The thrust system is interpreted as an emergent, imbricate fan in the front, backed by antiformal stacking northward toward the rear. This belt is limited to the south by the Vallfogona thrust, which forms the sole thrust of the whole system, and by the Ribes-Camprodon thrust to the north. Thrusting has occurred as a sequence of foreland-directed piggy-back movements. However, the earliest formed allochthonous sheets were emplaced before the duplex formation, which appears to have occurred largely after the early Eocene. The effect of the thrust movements was to displace the marine Eocene depocenter southward on the Catalan foreland, culminating in steepened dips, related to late Eocene and Oligocene movements along these faults, within the molasse deposits which represent the final infilling of the basin. Out-of-sequence thrusting, noted along the Ribes-Camprodon thrust and leading to the final emplacement of the allochthonous sheet of Montgri, is also related to these latest tectonic movements.


This paper considers the relation of the newsroom and the city as a lens into the more general relation of production spaces and mediated publics. Leading theoretically from Lee and LiPuma's (2002) notion of 'cultures of circulation', and drawing on an ethnography of the Toronto Star, the paper focuses on how media forms circulate and are enacted through particular practices and material settings. With its attention to the urban milieus and orientations of media organizations, this paper exhibits both affinities with but also differences to current interests in the urban architectures of media, which describe and theorize how media get 'built into' the urban experience more generally. In looking at editing practices situated in the newsroom, an emphasis is placed on the phenomenological appearance of media forms both as objects for material assembly as well as more abstracted subjects of reflexivity, anticipation and purposiveness. Although this is explored with detailed attention to the settings of the newsroom and the city, the paper seeks to also provide insight into the more general question of how publicness is material shaped and sited.


In this paper, we discuss a "broken step" phenomenon in an SIS mixer. This phenomena was observed in the production version of the SIS mixers, designed for the 159-211 GHz RF band,being used for the construction of the ALMA Band 5 receiver The broken step typically appears at LO frequencies above 180 GHz and manifests itself as a sharp onset in the DC current at the middle of the quasiparticle step. Correspondingly, this affects the mixer IF response in a way that is similar to the Josephson step but is however of a different nature. Such behaviour affects the SIS mixer dynamic range and complicates the tuning of the 2SB mixer to optimize its performance, for both the receiver noise as well as the sideband rejection. In this paper, we describe results of a few experiments which were performed to understand this undesirable phenomenon.


This paper reports the characterization and real-time testing of thin-film Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48) (PZT) micro diaphragm pressure sensor at high temperature (up to 390 °C) and high pressure (up to 105 kPa) conditions. Firstly, the influence of thermal stress on micro diaphragm deformation is investigated theoretically and experimentally. Secondly, the effect of rhombohedral–tetragonal, tetragonal–cubic phase transitions and lattice parameter changes of the PZT composite on the resonance frequency are studied. Thirdly, a good performance of the proposed sensor at low-frequency oscillatory flow generated by a vibrating sphere source (frequency of 35 Hz) in silicone oil bath at different temperatures is reported. The observations lead to the conclusion that despite the fluctuations on resonant frequency with increasing temperature, the proposed PZT sensor can be effectively used in high temperature/pressure applications.


Introduction Broad Context and Motivation Concurrent Engineering: A Road Map for Energy Quantitative Robust Control Novel CAD Toolbox for QFT Controller Design Outline Part I: Advanced Robust Control Techniques: QFT and Nonlinear Switching Introduction to QFT Quantitative Feedback Theory Why Feedback? QFT Overview Insight into the QFT Technique Benefits of QFT MISO Analog QFT Control System Introduction QFT Method (Single-Loop MISO System) Design Procedure Outline Minimum-Phase System Performance Specifications J LTI Plant Models Plant Templates of Piota(s), P( j_i ) Nominal Plant U-Contour (Stability Bound) Tracking Bounds BR(jomega) on the NC Disturbance Bounds BD(jomegai) Composite Boundary Bo(jomegai) Shaping of Lo(jomega) Guidelines for Shaping Lo(jomega) Design of the Prefilter F(s) Basic Design Procedure for a MISO System Design Example 1 Design Example 2 Template Generation for Unstable Plants Discrete Quantitative Feedback Technique Introduction Bilinear Transformations Non-Minimum-Phase Analog Plant Discrete MISO Model with Plant Uncertainty QFT w-Domain DIG Design Simulation Basic Design Procedure for a MISO S-D Control System QFT Technique Applied to the PCT System Applicability of Design Technique to Other Plants Designing L(w) Directly Diagonal MIMO QFT Introduction Examples and Motivation MIMO Systems-Characteristics and Overview MIMO QFT Control-Overview Nonsequential Diagonal MIMO QFT (Method 1) Sequential Diagonal MIMO QFT (Method 2) Basically Noninteracting Loops MIMO QFT with External (Input) Disturbances Non-Diagonal MIMO QFT Introduction Non-Diagonal MIMO QFT: A Coupling Minimization Technique (Method 3) Coupling Elements Optimum Non-Diagonal Compensator Coupling Effects Quality Function of the Designed Compensator Design Methodology Some Practical Issues Non-Diagonal MIMO QFT: A Generalized Technique (Method 4) Reformulation Translating Matrix Performance Specifications Comparison of Methods 3 and 4 QFT for Distributed Parameter Systems Introduction Background Generalized DPS Control System Structure Extension of Quantitative Feedback Theory to DPS Modeling Approaches for PDE Examples Nonlinear Switching Control Techniques Introduction System Stability under Switching Methodology Examples Part II: Wind Turbine Control Introduction to Wind Energy Systems Introduction Birth of Modern Wind Turbines Market Sizes and Investments Future Challenges and Opportunities Standards and Certification for Wind Turbines Introduction Standards: Definition and Strategic Value Standards: Structure and Development Certification of Wind Turbines General Concepts Wind Turbine Control Objectives and Strategies Introduction Control Objectives Control Strategies Control System Aerodynamics and Mechanical Modeling of Wind Turbines Introduction Aerodynamic Models Mechanical Models Electrical Modeling of Wind Turbines Introduction Electrical Models Power Electronic Converters Power Quality Characteristics Wind Farms Integration in the Power System Advanced Pitch Control System Design Introduction QFT Robust Control Design Nonlinear Switching Multi-Objective Design Nonlinear Robust Control Design for Large Parameter Variation Experimental Results with the Direct-Drive Wind Turbine TWT-1.65 Introduction Variable-Speed Direct-Drive Torres Wind Turbine Family Torres Wind Turbine Pitch and Rotor Speed Control Results Wind Farm Grid Integration: Torres Wind Turbine Results Voltage Dip Solutions: Torres Wind Turbine Results Blades Manufacturing: MIMO QFT Control for Industrial Furnaces Introduction Composite Materials Industrial Furnace Description Furnace Model Estimation of Furnace Parameters MIMO QFT Controller Design Experimental Results Smart Wind Turbine Blades Introduction General Description Some History Offshore Wind Energy: Overview Introduction History of Offshore Platforms Offshore Wind Farms Offshore Floating Wind Turbines Airborne Wind Energy Systems Introduction Overview of Airborne Wind Energy Systems Eagle System Appendix A: Templates Generation Appendix B: Inequality Bound Expressions Appendix C: Analytical QFT Bounds Appendix D: Essentials for Loop Shaping Appendix E: Fragility Analysis with QFT Appendix F: QFT Control Toolbox: User's Guide Appendix G: Controller Design Examples Appendix H: Conversion of Units Problems Answers to Selected Problems References Index


Insulin was invented to be affordable for most everyone, but patients continue to struggle for a key part of treating their diabetes.


In this paper, we propose EathquakeAware, a visual analytics system for social media visualization. Our system supports analyzing geo-tagged messages from different perspectives, including location, keyword, account. It can summarize the evolution patterns of topics and reveal the discussing trend of different keywords to help evaluate situations in different regions. We take VAST Challenge 2019 Mini Challenge 3 as case studies to demonstrate its effectiveness in a fictitious analysis scenario.


In acute pancreatitis, tissue destruction, from neutrophil infiltration of the pancreas and other organs, is thought to be inhibited by IS-741. We studied the effect of IS-741 on acute pancreatitis induced by DL-ethionine in the rat. Rats fed a low-protein diet for 11 days received a daily intraperitoneal dose of DL-ethionine (20 mg/ 100 g) for the last 4 days. To evaluate its preventive potential, IS-741 (10 mg / kg s.c.) was administered every 8 h beginning on the first day of the low-protein diet. In another group, IS-741 was administered as described above, beginning with the second ethionine injection, this time to evaluate the therapeutic effect on ethionine-induced pancreatitis. The rats were killed 24 h after the final ethionine injection. Blood was sampled to measure concentrations of the inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 and -8. The pancreas was weighed, DNA and protein levels were determined, and neutrophil infiltration was assessed by the myeloperoxidase assay. The pancreas was also examined histologically. Pancreatic sections from saline-treated controls showed considerable infiltration by inflammatory cells, and acinar cell necrosis was widespread. The histologic severity of acute pancreatitis was alleviated by the administration of IS-741. Pancreatic weight and DNA content in rats treated with IS-741 were significantly higher than in control rats. Interleukin-6 concentrations were undetectable at baseline in all groups while those of interleukin-8 were higher in controls, compared to rats treated with IS-741. Preventive or therapeutic administration of IS-741 ameliorated acute pancreatitis induced in rats by DL-ethionine, and may become a useful drug to treat patients with this condition.


By analyzing the feasibility of improving network performance of sparse DTNs with the assistance of message ferries,this paper put forward two routing schemes for DTNs with message ferries,introduced and compared a variety of routing protocols in DTNs using simulations. The experimental results show that the performance of routing protocols in a sparse DTN can be improved effectively by adding message ferries into the network.


In this paper, According to characteristics of data structure course, combined with the current status of the development of network teaching system, adopting B/S(browser/server) three layer architecture model, based on.NET development platform, comprehensive using Jscript script, ASP.NET, ADO.NET and Web services and other technology to realize the system design and development.


Abstract. 1 Honey bees, visiting artificial flower patches, were used as a model system to study the effects of sugar type (sucrose, glucose, fructose, and mixed monosaccharide), caloric reward, and floral colour on nectarivore foraging behaviour. Observed behaviour was compared to the predictions of various (sometimes contradictory) foraging models. 2 Bees drank indiscriminately from flowers in patches with a blue‐white flower dimorphism when caloric values of rewards were equal (e.g. 1M sucrose in both colours; 1 M sucrose versus 2 M monosaccharide of either type), but when nectar caloric rewards were unequal, they switched to the flower colour with the calorically greater reward. 3 In yellow‐blue dimorphic flower patches, on the other hand, bees did not maximize caloric reward. Rather, bees were individually constant, some to blue, others to yellow, regardless of the sugar types or energy content of the rewards provided in the two flower morphs. 4 The results suggest that optimal foraging theory (maximization of net caloric gain per unit time) is a robust predictor of behaviour with regard to the sugar types common to nectars; such optimal foraging is, however, limited by a superstructure of individual constancy.


Some outside and inside approximations of the Schur stability region in polynomial coefficients space are given. A Schur invariant transform is introduced which preserves all the reflection coefficients of a polynomial inside the unit hypercube. Some simple necessary stability conditions in terms of unions of polytopes are obtained by splitting the unit hypercube of reflection coefficients. A rule for generating sufficient stability conditions in terms of simplex is obtained using linear Schur invariant transforms.


The invention relates to the technical field of LED (light-emitting diode) products and particularly relates to a plastic heat radiation type LED bulb and a plastic heat radiation seat. The plastic heat radiation seat comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of PA66 (polyamide 66), 15% of short glass fiber and 45% of aluminum hydroxide, the raw materials are mixed, fused and extruded into pellets, and the pellets can be injection-molded to form the plastic heat radiation seat. The plastic heat radiation type LED bulb and the plastic heat radiation seat have the advantages of lower cost, lighter weight and significant heat radiation effect.


A method which serves to provide a tactile feedback comprises displaying a visual representation of a physical object, comprising at least one haptic property, the generation of time-varying data belonging to the at least one haptic property of the visual representation, sending the time-varying data to a data processing unit which includes a feedback device which is electrically connected to the data processing unit, and generating the tactile feedback via the feedback device in response to a pressure exerted by a user on the feedback device pressure.


[eng] The industrialization process of beef production is already under way on a large scale in some countries especially in the U.S.A. . In Europe, units specializing in the production of fattened cattle are still relatively undeveloped. On the other hand units producing calves for slaughter have taken on a certain importance over the past few years. . This development is conditioned by the evolution in food technology : cereals, the means of intensification and industrialization of American beef production, are too expensive in Western Europe to allow such a development. The dehydration of fodder provides a means of developing this production. . The second factor limiting the industrial development of beef in Europe is to be found in the difficulty of finding supplies of calves. II is difficult on a large scale to convert dairy-herds into herds or cows for meat production. The possibilities presented by the obtaining of twin-births may soon help to vrovide a partial solution to this problem. . Some precautions could allow disastrous experiments to be avoided. The search for balance in the management of public slaughter-houses is not Utopian. But it will be difficult as long as local authorities do not seek advice concerning building and management for meat specialists. [fre] Le processus d'industrialisation de la production de viande bovine est deja engage, a une grande echelle dans certains pays et notamment aux U.S.A. . En Europe, les ateliers specialises de production de gros bovins sont encore peu developpes. Par contre, les ateliers de veaux de boucherie ont pris une certaine extension, au cours des dernieres annees. . Ce developpement est conditionne par l'evolution des technologies alimentaires : la cereale, instrument d'intensification et d'industrialisation de la production americaine de viande bovine, est trop chere dans les pays d'Europe occidentale pour y permettre une telle forme de developpsment. La deshydratation des fourrages fournit un instrument de developpement de cette production. . Le second facteur limitant du developpement industriel de la viande bovine en Europe reside dans les difficultes d'approvisionnement en veaux. Il est difficile de reconvertir a grande echelle le troupeau laitier en troupeau a meres specialisees pour la viande. Les perspectives offertes par l'obtention de naissances gemellaires permettent, a echeance proche, de trouver une solution partielle a ce probleme.


According to the demand of network-based distance education of the course of "Basic Theory and Practice of CAD/CAM", a public course for master degree, a dynamic interactive and visualizing java software to display the process of numerical programming and its running has been developed by using Java language programming, G instruction numerical programming, and cutting theory of machine tools. The dynamic simulation of linear cutting, lathe turning, and milling are realized to illustrate several typical numerical control types, namely, point control, line control and curve control. The software developed has been integrated into the framework of web-based distance education courseware.


Abstract The purpose of the paper is to present a class of algorithms using to solve the optimization problem concerning with H ∞ feedback control for linear discrete-time stochastic systems with stochastic parameter uncertainties, as well as a method for the optimization problem reducing this to a standard formulation used two convex inequalities, which can be solved by linear matrix inequality (LMI) methodology. Some generalized considerations for the algorithm procedures are given and the problem of LMI set-up, using the technique based on Schur complement, for calculating the terminal weight matrix P is outlined. Finally, obtained results are adapted by that way to design constrained H ∞ feedback control for system which state variable satisfy equality constraints in the mean. The procedure results the constant feedback for the linear controller defined in terms of matrix inequalities and a matrix equality.


Objectives: To investigate whether enrolment of patients in management programs after hospitalisation for heart failure (HF) reduces the likelihood of post‐hospital adverse outcomes.


This preliminary study examined whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was related to difficulties in identifying the mental states of others in a group of refugees. Sixteen Bosnian refugees, referred to treatment in an outpatient treatment center for survivors of torture and war-related trauma in Denmark (CETT), were compared to 16 non-PTSD Bosnian refugees and 50 non-PTSD Danish volunteers. PTSD was assessed by the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and a clinical interview, and the ability to identify mental states was tested using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (revised version) (Eyes Test). PTSD was found to be associated with lower scores on the Eyes Test, supporting the hypothesis that PTSD is related to an impaired ability to recognize displays of mental states as expressed by the eyes. We discuss the limitations of the study and implications for future research and therapeutic strategies.


Scientific beauty plays an important role in science and science education. Scientific beauty exists in physics, not only reflecting in the theoretical achievements of physics, but also in the creation process of physicists. Physics teaching can develop students' aesthetic consciousness and aesthetic taste, and help students to enjoy the artistic beauty of physics. Keywords— Scientific beauty, Aesthetic education, Physics


T he 10 World Congress on Endometriosis was held in Melbourne from March 11-14, 2008, under the theme "Art & Science of Endometriosis". There were over 900 delegates and speakers including clinicians, scientists, epidemiologists and paramedics from all over the world participating in this congress. The 3-day scientific programs were divided into two major sections which were run in parallel throughout the meeting period. Its activities included key note lectures, interactive case discussion sessions, live demonstration, oral and video communications, and poster presentations. Endometriosis is considered a disease of the peritoneum. It is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue, i.e. endometrial gland and stroma, outside the uterine cavity. The most common presentation is pain and infertility. The pain which includes dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain, causes a detrimental effect on the quality of life and has a negative impact on reproductive functions and psychosocial productivities of the women suffering from this disease. Any conservative measure results in a high recurrent rate. Endometriosis was firstly described by von Rokitansky in 1860. Although being known for more than a century, endometriosis is still an enigma disease. Debatable issues are present in every aspect of endometriosis. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is complex and inconclusive. Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation has long been acknowledged; although the theory cannot indubitably explain the occurrence of endometriosis. Currently, a considerable number of advance molecular studies have been advocated wishing for better understanding, improving diagnosis and treatment, and eventually restoring quality of life and psychosocial productivities of the patients. The majority of researches are confined to the field of molecular genetic, immunology and inflammatory response, and angiogenesis. Hence, none of the candidate genes, proteins, or cytokines seems to be clinically applicable in this near future. In the present congress, more researches were focused on the pathophysiology of pain in endometrioEndometriosis is Still an Enigma Disease: an Extraction from the 2008 World Congress on Endometriosis


Reported here are the results of a direct observation survey of safety belt use in a five city area of Wayne County, Michigan, conducted in the fall of 1999. The five cities included in the survey area were: Dearborn, Detroit, Livonia, Taylor, and Westland. In this study, 1,083 occupants traveling in four vehicle types (passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, vans/minivans, and pickup trucks) were surveyed during September 18 to September 23, 1999. Belt use was estimated for all commercial/noncommercial vehicle types combined and separately for each vehicle type. Belt use by seating position, sex, time of day, and age was also calculated. Overall belt use was 54.5%. Belt use was 55.8% for passenger cars, 57.6% for sport-utility vehicles, 55.4% for vans/minivans, and 44.2% for pickup trucks. Overall belt use was higher for females than for males and higher for drivers than for passengers. In general, belt use was highest during the morning commute, was low for 16-to-29-year olds, and increased with age. These findings provide a baseline from which to measure safety belt use trends in the five cities over the next year and beyond. The study is superior to the statewide survey for assessing the effects of local programs in the five cities since it focuses entirely on local traffic.


a) Schematics of the orbital Hall effect. The charge current j generates a transverse orbital current, leading to orbital accumulation on the sample's surfaces. (b) Measurement setup utilizing the longitudinal MOKE to detect the in-plane orbital accumulation. Credit: Physical Review Letters (2023). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.156702


grows, however it may persist longer in some children. Inhalational induction is widely practiced in infants and young children, especially when intravenous access is difficult. Inhalation with 8% sevoflurane by mask provides rapid induction in children with few side effects (5). In addition, rapid induction prevents abnormal movements compared with induction with 3.5% (1.3 MAC) sevoflurane (6). However, in our patient rapid induction with sevoflurane led to reappearance of inspiratory stridor and caused desaturation. Attempts at gentle positive pressure ventilation, which is described to overcome the upper airway obstruction (7), caused stomach distension in our patient. This has the potential to cause aspiration of gastric contents, especially in a semiconscious and agitated child, further compromising the airway and putting the patient at more risk. Reducing the concentration of sevoflurane resulted in a smoother induction although the time to achieve a deeper plane of anesthesia was slightly prolonged in our uncooperative patient. A slower rate of induction with 3.5% sevoflurane might have prevented the appearance of stridor and the associated problems of desaturation and gastric distension. Therefore, we recommend that in patients with congenital laryngomalacia, even after stridor has disappeared, either a slower rate of induction with 3.5% sevoflurane or if possible intravenous induction as an ideal alternative. Sethuraman Manikandan M D P D C C Prabhat Kumar Sinha M D P D C C Praveen Kumar Neema M D P D C C Department of Anaesthesia, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India (email: email@example.com)


Statement of Purpose: Hybrid nanostructures composed of various inorganic materials coupled with functional biomolecules, such as antibodies, enzymes, or DNA, are of considerable interest in the development of new research strategies for potential practical applications in biotechnological and biomedical fields, including biosensors, delivery and targeting platforms. Current approaches for coupling inorganic surfaces with biomolecules predominantly require multiple surface functionalization steps via self assembled monolayers (SAMs), e.g., thiols or silanes on either metal or metal oxide substrates, respectively. Although frequently used in traditional approaches, SAM systems have certain limitations associated with the complex chemical processes that may potentially result in low coupling efficiencies and limited stability of biomolecules. The other main disadvantage of SAM systems is their nonspecific linker/substrate interactions, e.g., thiol molecules are known to bind to a variety of noble metals with similar affinities without any metal-specific characteristics and, similarly, silane molecules bind to several different oxides indiscriminately. However, particular nanobiotechnological applications require selective and efficient adsorption of receptor molecules onto the desired inorganic solid material substrates preferably via biology-friendly linkers that are both versatile under biological conditions and amenable to genetic manipulation. A novel alternative to current chemical coupling may be the combinatorial selected inorganic-binding peptides. In addition to specific recognition of inorganic surfaces e.g., metal versus oxide surface, these short amino acid sequences are robust building blocks that can be genetically engineered or chemically modified to tailor their functionalities such as binding, linking and assembling. Methods: We selected gold-binding peptides from FliTrx bacterial surface library displaying randomized dodecapeptides inserted into FLITRX chimera bacterial surface flagellin protein in a standard biopanning experiment. For the initial binding characterization of isolated clones we used fluorescent microscopy technique, previously adapted for the inorganic-binding characterization and described in our earlier studies. Combinatorially selected gold-binding sequences were synthesized using solid phase Fmoc peptide synthesis. Following peptide syntheses, we then modified the peptide sequences at the N-terminus with biotin using a Sulfo-NHS-LC-biotin reagent (Pierce, USA) to create bifunctional peptide-biotin molecules can direct streptavidin-modified nanostructures, e.g. streptavidinfunctionalized CdSe-ZnS QDots nanostructures (Molecular Probes, USA), onto various surfaces through combination of peptide material-selectivity characteristics and bio-SA interactions. Results: The targeted assembly of various organic and inorganic entities on multimaterial surfaces via specific peptide linkers was verified using fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. As evidenced by our results, the selected gold-binding peptide exhibited both the desired multi-functionality and stability and thus enabled the direct immobilization of functional molecules and nanoparticles onto solid surfaces. In summary as demonstrated here the solid-binding peptides, offer unique features that are potentially significant in practical applications: i. The peptides are robust and can be genetically-engineered or chemically-modified for tailored multifunctionality; ii. Engineered peptides can selectively bind to inorganic targets (metals, oxides, or semiconductors); iii. The nanomaterial assembly processes can be carried out under ambient conditions, i.e., room temperature and neutral pH in aqueous solutions, providing biology-friendly environment, desirable for most bionanotechnology applications.


Despite the increasing 'top down' pressure to impose literacy and maths standards on young children, it is important to remain focused on 'the unique child' and the creativity at its heart, argues Sue Allingham.


In this case note the issue for the court was whether a non-attending party could be bound to a mediated settlement agreement. The court found that the lack of attendance was not fatal to the agreement being forced under the maxim of pacta sunt servanda, because such agreements are made subject to the necessity of obtaining the Court's approval". The second case deals with the contentious issue of whether a court order for mediation is a substantive or procedural determination. In this case the court found that directions for parties to attend mediation are procedural not substantive determinations that require no written reasons.


The article concerns Klemens Janicki (1516–1543), a Polish poet who wrote in Latin. The author first presents the character and predilections of the poet (iuvenis iocosus), she also stresses – on the basis of Janicki's own words – the difference of his fortune when compared with the fortune of Ovid (Naso beatus, the exile and the death). Finally, she analyses his vision of God (Pater blandissimus) and heaven, in which he found consolation in a deadly disease.


In the current experiments, schima superba is made to simulate the fire resistant tree species and its thermal decomposition processes are studied by using dynamic thermogravimetry. From the plots of the samples' mass loss against temperature shown as both TG and DTG curves, it's found that there are three main mass loss processes along with the temperature rising and at 500℃ the residue of the samples is less than 10% of initial mass. Furthermore, the courses of forest fire spread in small slope of 20°and 30° have been simulated in fuel bed by using pine needle as fuel. Based on the analysis of the temperature field recorded by thermocouples, characteristics and mechanism of the fire resistant tree species under the effect of flame and slope in forest fires have been studied in the present paper. With the results of thermal decomposition experiment, it is demonstrated that water vaporizing is the vital factor of the reactivity of fire resistant tree species in forest fires. Some other useful conclusions are also described in the paper. This investigation would make theoretical support for the work to develop the biological fire prevention technique, which is widely applied to preventing and controlling the large scope forest fires.


This paper deals with the Hermite interpolation problems of nonuniform rectangular grids based on constructive algebraic geometry tools, and presents the expressions of interpolation basis for 2dimensional real space.


This study aims to determine the effect of investment decisions, dividend policy, and earnings per share on the value of companies incorporated in the LQ45 index for the 2017-2020 period. This research is a type of quantitative research. The population in this study amounted to 66 companies, using purposive sampling technique, the research sample obtained was 17 companies. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that: (1) investment decisions have a positive effect on firm value. (2) Dividend policy has a positive effect on firm value. (3) Earning per share has no effect on firm value.
Keywords: Investment Decision (PER), Dividend Policy (DPR), Earning Per Share (EPS), and Company Value(PBV)


This paper proposes a novel framework for frame rate up conversion. The framework contains a motion field estimator employing a hybrid of a novel predictive variable blocksize motion estimation and robust optical flow algorithm. This motion field is more robust and accurate than pure optical flow or pure motion estimation methods. Therefore, in-between frames can be estimated more accurately by the new hybrid method. After the motion field estimation, pixel interpolation following motion field interpolation is done for in-between frames. It is shown the proposed method has better than pure motion estimation and pure optical flow methods in terms of both subjective and objective measurements.


The main purpose of the present paper is to investigate the effect of crosshead speed, specimen thickness, and welding on the fracture toughness. The material of the investigated pipe is a high density polyethylene (HDPE), which is commonly used in natural gas piping systems. The welding technique used in this study is butt-fusion (BF) welding technique. The crosshead speed ranged from 5 to 500 mm/min and specimen thickness ranged from 9 to 45 mm for both welded and unwelded specimens at room temperature, Ta = 20 °C. Curved three point bend (CTPB) specimens were used to determine KQ. Furthermore, the results of fracture toughness, KQ, will be compared with the plane–strain fracture toughness, JIC, for welded and unwelded specimens. The experimental results revealed that KQ increases with increasing the crosshead speed, while KQ decreases as the specimen thickness increases. The investigation reveals that the apparent fracture toughness, KQ, for HDPE pipe of unwelded specimen is greater than that of corresponding value for welded specimen. The same trend was observed for the plane-strain fracture toughness, JIC. At lower crosshead speeds there is a minimum deviation in KQ between welded and unwelded specimens, while the deviation becomes larger with increasing crosshead speed.


Mathematic is one of the most important subjects in elementary school that requires students to recognize, understand and be skilled in using knowledge with abstract objects and develop it logically. From those reasons, that's why students had difficulty in thinking while studying mathematic so students have low learning interest. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the application of Problem Based Learning and Problem Solving models in elementary school mathematic learning in terms of critical thinking skills. The samples in this research were students of grade 5 SDN 1 Terkesi, SDN 2 Terkesi, and SDN 3 Terkesi. This research was an experimental research with quasi-experimental research by using Non equevalent Control Group Design. The instrument used to measure critical thinking skills was the rubric of critical thinking ability assessment. The data analysis used descriptive analysis and t test. The results showed that the use of the Problem Based Learning model was effective to the Problem Solving model in terms of students' critical thinking skills in solving mathematic problems. It showed by the final results obtained from the experimental class with the number of students (N) 35 had a mean score of 86,171. While in the control class a mean score of 72.882 was obtained with (N) 34 students. From the T test results obtained that sig was 0,000 <0.05 then Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted, meaning that the critical thinking ability of the Problem Based Learning model was significantly effective than the Problem Solving model. A R T I C L E I N F O Article history: 25 December 2019 Received in revised form 01 January 2020 Accepted 25 January 2020 Available online 28 February 2020


The tumultuous epoch of megacorporate globalization is upon us; it is in need of systematic analysis for adjustment and reform. The many negative attributes and results emanating from the process have spawned a large and growing anti-corporate, globalization literature. David Korten's major contribution, When Corporations Rule the World (WCRTW, 2001) is considered to constitute "[tlhe foremost anti-corporate globalization book at the moment" (Marien 2001, 12). This assessment is reinforced by six pages of statements strongly endorsing Korten's WCTRW by such luminaries as Desmond M. Tutu, Ralph Nader, The Financial Times (London), Steingrimur Hermannsson, Richard]. Barnett, Paul Hawken, and Herman E. Daly among others. In addition to WCRTW, Korten's other contributions offer similarities and interrelate to the issues and points of view traditionally raised by institutional economists. This paper focuses on how a clarification and synthesis of this interrelation might be advantageous to both David Korten, in particular, and institutional economists in general.


The present invention and appearance stability, an improved transparent cosmetic composition in the hair, and the body cosmetic products that use more than a certain amount of water in the solvent of the composition, turbidity and discoloration of the composition caused by the incorporation of metal ions (Metal ion) by preventing the occurrence effectively forms a pH buffer system is characterized in that the transparency and the effect of maintaining the stability of the product in which the cosmetic composition improved.


E year in the United States, 2.6 million hospital admissions and 36 million emergency department visits are accounted for by trauma patients. Proportionally similar ratios are reported in Canada. In many cases, acute pain from tissue damage subsides normally with wound healing. Yet, in many patients, maladaptive sensitization of the nervous system may trigger chronic pain syndromes that eventually persist for years after that healing has taken place. While the definition of chronic pain may vary, it is generally considered as an ongoing pain state experienced on most days and persisting for at least 3 months. Patients presenting with chronic pain experience persistent manifestations of allodynia, hyperalgesia, and spontaneous pain, making it a major cause of disability. Allodynia is characterized by a painful sensation triggered by normally nonpainful stimuli such as light brushes of the skin or the simple touch of clothes. Hyperalgesia is an exaggerated pain intensity perception for a painful stimuli. ''Spontaneous'' pain would occur in the absence of identified stimuli and is often considered a major clinical issue in the manifestation of a neuropathic pain state. Underlying inflammation or the physiologic consequences of the summation of allodynic and hyperalgesic stimuli during the course of time may contribute to the physiologic background of apparent ''spontaneous'' experiences. In Canada, the costs associated with chronic pain total more than those of cancer, heart disease, and human immunodeficiency virus combined, with direct health care costs reaching more than $6 billion per year. Overall, 60% of active people living with chronic pain will eventually lose their job, incur an income loss, or see their professional responsibilities decrease, depending on the level of disability incurred. The total cost to society amounts to $37 billion per year when global productivity loss and sick leaves are included. This figure compares well with a recent evaluation in the United States where the global financial cost was estimated to be $560 to $635 billion annually. We sought to explore the acute to chronic pain transition in posttraumatic patients and the potential of preemptive treatments in at-risk patients. To identify the prevalence, risk factors, and preemptive treatments of chronic pain in the trauma population, we queried the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases with Ovid. Boolean operators were used to create combinations of the following keywords: chronic pain, posttraumatic pain, risk factors, post-surgical pain, post-operative pain, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, orthopedicor limb trauma, burns, burn trauma, thoracic trauma, torso/chest trauma. We limited our search to humans and English or French languages. Relevant articles were identified by the authors from the abstract and the bibliography; disagreements were resolved by discussion. Studies on chronic pain in posttraumatic patients are relatively scarce, although chronic pain develops with significantly high prevalence in various types of posttraumatic patients (Table 1). Globally, chronic pain occurrence across all categories of trauma patients lies between 11% and 96%, depending on the nature of the traumas (as detailed below). A specialized workgroup from the International Association for the Study of Pain has subdivided the general diagnostic of ''chronic pain'' into more specific taxonomic groups in an effort to refine the current model of the clinical manifestations of chronic pain. Some of these detailed diagnostics refer to generalized pain syndromes, and others refer to specific locations in the neck, head, limbs, thorax, or internal organs and indicate their eventual link to musculoskeletal, neurologic or psychological components (e.g., spinal and radicular pain syndromes, stump pain, complex regional pain syndromes). Up to now, although chronic pain prevalence were reported for several trauma categories, only a few studies were designed to identify which were the factors that could be associated with a transition from acute to chronic pain. Psychosocial and medical aspects, such as lasting anxiety or depressive states, sleep disorders, acute pain intensity, sex, or age, are among the commonly proposed predisposing factors (discussed below). However, recent analyses generally conclude that methodological improvements in the design of clinical studies are first needed before robust risk profiles can be drawn for trauma patients. The prevention of the closely related postsurgical chronic pain, which occurs after iatrogenic tissue injury, is documented more substantially and may constitute a practical source of information for trauma specialists. REVIEW ARTICLE


Recent evidence about the extent of caring for older people by older people them selves, and about the importance of spouse care, has challenged existing debates about gender and care. Male carers, particularly older husbands, have been 'discovered'. This paper attempts to reconceptualize the debate about gender and caring to take account of these developments, particularly to develop an understanding of the caring activities of older male carers and to elaborate the implications for community care policy. The evidence suggests there are circumstances where men accept the obligation to care, undertake intimate personal care, and derive identity and reward from their caring work, driven by similar motives and experiencing similar struggles as women. Rather than seeking maximum distinction between the motives and experiences of women and men carers, the paper suggests that one important way to promote non-sexist community care is to explore the conditions where men's caring is under taken and how it can be understood and developed.


Abstract The Na/K-ATPase-rich microsomal fraction and purified Na/K-ATPase membranes of the salt-stressed avian salt gland were studied at defined filipin/cholesterol molar ratios (F/C) using enzyme assay and electron microscopy including negative staining, thin sectioning and freeze frac turing. Comparative examinations of detergent-treated microsomal fractions and the use of elec tron microscopic tracers revealed that F/C up to 2 activated latent Na/K-ATPase in sealed right-side-out vesicles by increasing membrane permeability without disrupting the vesicular mem brane. Therefore, filipin offers an alternative to the detergents for the activation of latent vectorial membrane enzymes and a possible tool to examine their subcellular localization and sidedness in the membrane. The same F/C had no stimulatory effect on the microsomal anion-ATPase suggesting that the 2 ATPases are not located in the same membrane. Increasing F/C applied to the unfixed Na/K-ATPase membranes caused an increase in the number of structural F-C-complexes and a progressive lateral displacement of the enzyme par ticles which finally led to a separation of the areal distribution of these structures at F/C = 10. Such displacements did not occur in unfixed microsomes and were prevented by glutaraldehyde fixation of the purified membranes. F/C exceeding 2 progessively and temperature-dependently inhibited the Na/K-ATPase in its membrane-bound states, whereas the solubilized enzyme was rather insensitive. The structural and biochemical data suggest that inhibition results from the perturbation of the lipidic microen vironment of the enzyme caused by filipin-cholesterol complexation.


Preface. Part One: Multi-Agent Systems and Mobile Agents. Part Two: Multi-Agent Systems in Scheduling. Part Three: Building Multi-Agent Systems. Part Four: Intelligent Supervision Systems. Part Five: Virtual Enterprises. Part Six: Infrastructures for Virtual Enterprises. Part Seven: Collaborative Work. Part Eight: Knowledge Based Systems in Design. Part Nine: Planning and Scheduling. Part Ten: Modeling in Manufacturing. Part Eleven: Manufacturing Information Systems. Part Twelve: Product Data Management. Part Thirteen: Anthropocentric Approaches in Manufacturing. Part Fourteen: Quality Management. Part Fifteen: Soft-Computing. Part Sixteen: Pattern Recognition and Diagnostics. Part Seventeen: Simulation and Design. Part Eighteen: Theoretical Aspects of Design. Part Nineteen: Workshop 1: Soft-Computing for Automation. Part Twenty: Workshop 2: Multi-Agent Systems.


onsider the migrant who illegally crosses an international border, and suppose that agents of the state she has entered apprehend and detain her and then forcibly return her to her country of origin.1 Some opponents of aggressive deportation policies believe that, barring unusual circumstances, this process of using coercion and force to expel the migrant is an infringement of the migrant's rights. Many of those who disagree contend that because a state has a right to enact and enforce immigration restrictions, most deportations do not infringe rights. I maintain that, absent an adequate argument to the contrary, one can conclude presumptively that the typical deportation is an infringement of the migrant's rights. The primary aim of this paper is to show that certain serious arguments to the contrary are inadequate.


A probabilistic dealing strategy is proposed which allows all premium brands in an established market to earn nonnegative profits without cooperation. Following the strategy, brands take turns attracting deal-responsive customers. Relative to a reactive competitive strategy, the proposed strategy improves the positions of all premium brands. With use of the strategy, average deal sizes are positively related to a brand's market share, the proportion of quality conscious customers, the proportion of informed customers, the span of regular prices in a market, and the range of customers' acceptable prices.


Tridentella memikat sp. nov., Tridentella tanimbar sp. nov. and Tridentella brandtae sp. nov. are described and figured. T. memikat sp. nov. is the largest species in the family and can be identified by the broadly rounded pleotelson posterior margin, complete lack of dorsal ornamentation and antennule peduncle articles 2 and 3 each with the posterodistal angle produced. T. tanimbar sp. nov. is a sister species to T. recava Bowman, 1986, both species characterised by a flattened body shape, lack of dorsal ornamentation and deep excision to the pleotelson apex; T. tanimbar sp. nov. is identified by free lateral margins to pleonite 5, antennal flagellum extending to pereonite 5 or 6, pleon wider than pereon, the propodus of pereopods 1–3 lacking long slender robust setae, uropod exopod shorter (0.8) than endopod and the uropods not extending beyond the pleotelson. Tridentella brandtae sp. nov. is characterised by the posterior margin of the pleotelson being subtruncate and weakly emarginate; posterior margins of pereonites 6 and 7, pleonites 3–5 and the dorsal surface of the pleotelson weakly nodulose; inferior margins of the propodus of pereopods 2 and 3 with a double row of robust setae; the shape and setation of the uropods; adult males are further characterised by the presence of a large bluntly rounded robust seta at the inferodistal angle of the carpus. These species constitute the first record of the family from the Indian Ocean.


as barriers to hand contamination with gram-negative organisms and enterococci during hospital procedures, the researchers studied 137 procedures during which a healthcare worker's gloved hand contacted a patient's mucous membrane. The procedures included oral dental exams, endotracheal tube care, and digital rectal stimulation for bowel training. Quantitative hand cultures were obtained from each healthcare worker before and after the gloved contact. The findings indicated that 86 of the 135 glove cultures had gram-negative rods or enterococci on the external surface after use and thus were sources of potential hand contamination. Microbial contamination of the healthcare worker's hands occurred in 11 (13%) of those 86 events. Contamination was more frequent with vinyl gloves, occurring in 10 of 42 cases studied compared with only one out of 44 cases involving latex gloves. After use, glove leaks also were more frequent in vinyl gloves (26 out of 61) than with latex gloves (6 of 70). Even when leaks were present, gloves prevented hand contamination in 77% of instances, and quantitative counts of microorganisms contaminating hands were 2 to 4 logs less than counts on external surface of gloves. Healthcare workers reported awareness of the presence of glove leaks in only seven (22%) of the 32 events in which leaks were subsequently demonstrated. The authors conclude that gloves are an effective barrier to hand contamination and that the data confirm the need for handwashing routinely following removal of gloves. FROM: Olsen RJ, et al. Examination gloves as barriers to hand contamination in clinical practice. JAMA 1993;270:350-353.


In this study we have calculated configurational Helmholtz free energy differences between n and n – 1 molecule water clusters and nand n – 1 atom argon clusters using classical effective atom-atom pair potentials and the Bennett–Metropolis Monte Carlo technique. When plotted versus n–1/ 3 the slope of the free energy differences yields an effective surface tension, σ. It is found that these slopes display a universal (material independent) property related to the excess surface entropy / κ per molecule (or atom), Ω. For most materials (in the bulk liquid state) the latter quantity is about 2. The results indicate that clusters as small as n = 10 display bulk surface free energy properties. The temperature dependence of the effective surface tension for the model water clusters is also investigated and is consistent with a simple scaled form, σ / κTρ2/3liquid ≈ Ω(Tc /T – 1), where Tc = 647 K and Ω = 1·9.


When a 3 He- 4 He mixture is placed inside porous aerogel with an open volume fraction or 0.98, the coexistence region is found to be detached from the superfluid transition line, giving rise to a miscible superfluid mixture at high 3 He concentration and low temperature with intriguing properties


In one of the Odyssey's most self-conscious moments, Odysseus calls for the tale of his most heroic exploit—the fashioning of the wooden horse—to be performed in front of a live audience (Od. 8.492f.). Having once engineered the horse's physical construction, the hero now facilitates its reconstruction through the medium of song. Demodocus, the blind bard of Scheria, the mythological figure whose character and attributes have helped to shape the shadowy image of Homer himself, complies with Odysseus' request. It is clear that he knows the material well; it is an established part of his repertoire. This moment serves to reveal the singular and remarkable renown of this myth. Just a few short years after Odysseus, together with the goddess Athena and the craftsman Epeius, masterminded the wooden horse and brought about Troy's downfall, the tale has travelled even to the remote and isolated community of the Phaeacians (cf. Od. 6.204f.). The story's rapid and widespread dissemination within the world of Homer's poem seems to resonate with the status of the myth in the real world, our own world. Just as it is within the Odyssey, the story of the wooden horse has been perpetually told and retold. And just as Demodocus is familiar with the tale, so is almost everyone today. Odysseus calls on the bard to 'sing the kovsmo~ of the wooden horse' (Od. 8.492), literally, to sing its form or order. The term kovsmo~ is endowed with both an architectural and a poetic force. It refers to the physical shape of the construction as well as to the precise order of the narrative. In accordance with this dual meaning, this discussion will address the making of the wooden horse, and its connection with the making of the myth of the wooden horse. I will argue that the physical construction undertaken by Odysseus and his collaborators has a close and revealing relationship with the less tangible process of muqopoivhsi~. This term is generally understood to mean mythmaking, but additionally, it has the potential to signify the process whereby myth is rendered into poetic form. When Odysseus requests the song of the wooden horse which jEpeio;~ ejpoivhsen, ('which Epeius made', Od. 8.493), his alliterative wordplay blurs the distinction between the physical and poetic creative processes. In keeping with the theme of construction, this discussion is composed of three parts. In the first, I will position the wooden horse as a physical creation that is crafted through repeated performance. I will then propose that the wooden horse is not only crafted in poetry, but is additionally a tangible manifestation of the process of crafting poetry. Like an epic poem, the horse is pieced together out of diverse elements and is uniquely fashioned each and every time it is made. Finally, I will explore some of the ways in which this famous story has come


The classification problem in the real-world applications always involves uncertainties in both stochastic and fuzzy nature. This paper proposes a classification framework based on the unified probabilistic fuzzy configuration for data with uncertainties in both stochastic and fuzzy nature. The design and tuning procedures are also developed in terms of probability-based performance measure for working in the complex environment. A theoretical analysis is conducted to derive its quantificational model and disclose the interesting features. In addition to a superior performance than the traditional fuzzy method, the proposed method generates probabilistic fuzzy rules that can help users to better understand how the classifier works. This explainable characteristic is crucial for the decision making. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed classifier will be demonstrated on its application to the Pima Indians Diabetes data and low back pain diagnosis. The satisfactory classification and the explainable characteristic disclose its potential in classification of data with uncertainties.


A handle (20) comprising receiving surfaces (7) and expandable or elastic means (4) whereby the receiving surfaces (7) can be moved away or moved closer in a uniform manner. The handle (20) is used to transfer elements such as pads (1) or chips (1, 10, 9, 42) from a transmitting substrate (2) to a receiving substrate (3) with a modification of the pitch.


Monitoring the thermal comfort of building occupants is crucial for ensuring sustainable and efficient energy consumption in residential buildings. It enables not only remote real-time detection of situations, but also a timely reaction to reduce the damage made by harmful situations in targeted buildings. In this paper, we first design a new Internet of Things (IoT) architecture in order to provide remote availability of both indoor and outdoor conditions, with respect to the limited energy of IoT devices. We then build a multi-output prediction model of indoor parameters using a random forest learning algorithm, and based on a longitudinal real dataset of one year. Our prediction model considers outdoor conditions to predict the indoor ones. Hence, it helps to detect discomfort situations in real-time when comparing predicted variables to real ones. Furthermore, when detecting an indoor thermal discomfort, we provide a new genetic-based algorithm to find the most suitable values of indoor parameters, enabling the improvement of the indoor occupants' thermal comfort. Numerical results show the efficiency of our prediction scheme, reaching an accuracy of 96%, as well as our genetic-based scheme in optimizing the indoor thermal parameters by 85%.


n=1 An = ∅, then lim n→∞ μ(An) = 0. (1.4) Given the ring A of subsets of Ω, a function f : Ω → R is called A-elementary, if f(Ω) is a finite subset of R and f−1({c} ∈ A for every c ∈ R such that c 6= 0. let E = EA denote the set of all A-elementary functions on E. Provided with the pointwise addition and scalar multiplication of functions, the space F of all functions f : Ω → R is a vector space over R, and E is a linear subspace of F . Also, in F we have the partial ordering defined by f ≤ g if and only if f(x) ≤ g(x) for all x ∈ Ω, and the functions max(f, g) and min(f, g), defined by (max(f, g))(x) := max(f(x), g(x)) and min(f(x), g(x)) := min(f(x), g(x)) for every x ∈ Ω, are the smallest and largest elements of F which are ≥ f, g and ≤ f, g, respectively. The ring property of A implies that E has the Riesz property f, g ∈ E ⇒ max(f, g) ∈ E and min(f, g) ∈ E. (1.5)


The present paper describes the transfer of products, product series and the associated production resources across plants and locations, as well as the reorganization of plants. Due to the complexity and scope of production transfers, these are planned with the aid of project management. In the case of production transfers, planning of manufacturing locations creates an appropriate project organization depending on the tasks involved. The composition of the core team and expanded team will vary according to the scope of transfer projects. The project team is generally composed of employees from the same departments in the delivering and receiving plant and is supported by central functions. The general product coordinator selects the team and defines the sub-projects which are not relevant based on organizational aspects and with regard to content. Transfers in the sense of production transfers are carried out by means of project management in accordance with the gateway principle. Transfers extending over a longer period can be divided into several transfer stages. In the case of transfers, an audit is to be planned at the delivering plant prior to moving machinery and at the receiving plant once the move is complete.


Recent studies show that by combining network topology and node attributes, we can better understand community structures in complex networks. However, existing algorithms do not explore "contextually" similar node attribute values, and therefore may miss communities defined with abstract concepts. We propose a community detection and characterization algorithm that incorporates the contextual information of node attributes described by multiple domain-specific hierarchical concept graphs. The core problem is to find the context that can best summarize the nodes in communities, while also discovering communities aligned with the context summarizing communities. We formulate the two intertwined problems, optimal community-context computation, and community discovery, with a coordinate-ascent based algorithm that iteratively updates the nodes' community label assignment with a community-context and computes the best context summarizing nodes of each community. Our unique contributions include (1) a composite metric on Informativeness and Purity criteria in searching for the best context summarizing nodes of a community; (2) a node similarity measure that incorporates the context-level similarity on multiple node attributes; and (3) an integrated algorithm that drives community structure discovery by appropriately weighing edges. Experimental results on public datasets show nearly 20 percent improvement on F-measure and Jaccard for discovering underlying community structure over the current state-of-the-art of community detection methods. Community structure characterization was also accurate to find appropriate community types for four datasets.


The aim of this paper is to show the nature of the learning process from the perspective of socio-constructivist theory, one of the dominant paradigms in psychology today. In addition to the characteristics of the learning process per se, in this paper we give the practical implications of this theoretical position in the process of school learning/teaching. .


Under the assumption that isospin T is a good quantum number, mirror transitions Tz = +1 → 0 and Tz = −1 → 0 were studied in A = 34 isobars, where Tz is z component of iospin T and is defined by Tz = (N − Z)/2. With a high energy resolution of 35 keV in S(He,t)Cl reaction measurement at 0 scattering angle and at an incident energy of 140 MeV/nucleon, strengths of Fermi and Gamow-Teller (GT) transitions from the J = 0, Tz = +1 ground state of S to the J = 1, Tz = 0 excited states in Cl were determined up to excitation energy (Ex) of 7.08 MeV. The corresponding isospin-symmetric transitions connecting Tz = −1 and Tz = 0 states can be studied in the Ar β decay. The strengths of the (GT)± transitions were compared up to the excitation energy of 3.1 MeV. A good agreement was observed for two strong transitions to 2.580 MeV and 3.129 MeV states, while a disagreement about 45% was observed for a weaker transition to 0.666 MeV low-lying state.


G 29−38 (TIC 422526868) is one of the brightest (V = 13.1) and closest (d = 17.51 pc) pulsating white dwarfs with a hydrogen-rich atmosphere (DAV/ZZ Ceti class). It was observed by the TESS spacecraft in sectors 42 and 56. The atmosphere of G 29−38 is polluted by heavy elements that are expected to sink out of visible layers on short timescales. The photometric TESS data set spans ∼51 days in total, and from this, we identified 56 significant pulsation frequencies, that include rotational frequency multiplets. In addition, we identified 30 combination frequencies in each sector. The oscillation frequencies that we found are associated with g-mode pulsations, with periods spanning from ∼ 260 s to ∼ 1400 s. We identified rotational frequency triplets with a mean separation δνℓ = 1 of 4.67 μHz and a quintuplet with a mean separation δνℓ = 2 of 6.67 μHz, from which we estimated a rotation period of about 1.35 ± 0.1 days. We determined a constant period spacing of 41.20 s for ℓ = 1 modes and 22.58 s for ℓ = 2 modes. We performed period-to-period fit analyses and found an asteroseismological model with M⋆/M⊙ = 0.632 ± 0.03, Teff = 11 635 ± 178 K, and log g = 8.048 ± 0.005 (with a hydrogen envelope mass of MH ∼ 5.6 × 10−5M⋆), in good agreement with the values derived from spectroscopy. We obtained an asteroseismic distance of 17.54 pc, which is in excellent agreement with that provided by Gaia (17.51 pc).


The brown planthopper is primarily a phloem feeder. A single female adult discharges 13 μ l or more honeydew per day during sustained feeding. Rice plants infested by the brown planthopper before maximum tillering stage have fewer panicles per unit area and fewer grains per panicle, while plants infested after the heading stage have lower percentages of ripened grain and gram weight. The heavily infested plants exhibit the characteristic symptom commonly referred to as hopperburn. Their leaves show a remarkable decline of protein nitrogen and an increase of free amino nitrogen, although the total nitrogen remains comparable to that in the healthy leaves Based on the assessment of the yield loss caused by the brown planthopper, a control threshold of 20 to 25 planthoppers per hill has been tentatively recommended in tropical countries. The critical economic injury level may be much lower-2 to 5 planthoppers per hill.