Chemical phosphorus removal is an effective approach to controlling eutrophication and recycling phosphorous resource from waste water.The mechanisms of three major phosphorus removal reagents,such as ferric salt,aluminum salt and lime,were presented,and the influence factors of these three reagents,including pH,dosage,optimal dosing points and economic analysis,were also discussed.The processes of pre-chemical-aid,synergic-chemical-aid,post-chemical-aid and bypass-chemical-aid phosphorus removal technologies were summarized.The adsorption and crystallization phosphorus removal new process was introduced,and the prospect of recycling phosphorous resource as the development orientation of phosphate removal process in the future was presented.


An improved panel arrangement is introduced for the analysis of flows at the tips of three-dimensional hydrofoils. Only round tip planforms are considered. The proposed grid is normal to the leading edge outline and adapted to the force-free wake geometry at the trailing edge. The location of the tip vortex detachment point is also determined in the process. It is shown that, when an existing boundary element method is applied on the proposed grid, the accuracy of the results improves substantially, not only at the tip but elsewhere on the hydrofoil. In addition, previous differences between results from the boundary element method and a vortex- lattice method (modified to include the thickness/loading coupling) are reconciled when the proposed grid is utilized.


A series of Ce‐doped lanthanum zirconate (LZO) thin films were fabricated by chemical solution deposition method on textured metallic substrates. Orientation growth and morphological developments of chemically deposited doped LZO films were studied. Thus, characteristics, including X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectra, and atomic force microscopy, were applied. The results show that a single (00l) orientation of LZO grains obviously converted to random orientation as Ce content increases in doped LZO film. However, the doping of Ce element is beneficial to the refinement of LZO grain and the improvement of surface flatness of LZO film. The proportion of Ce3+ is very different in film when Ce element with variable valence is doped to be substitution of La or that of Zr in doped LZO, which affects the oxygen vacancy concentration and the nucleation process of the oxide film. Therefore, it can be considered that the composition and structural stability as well as the nucleation energy barrier among the doped LZO film with different Ce content result in the great differences in the growth orientation and microstructure of the final crystal film.


The ultimate goal of this article is to verify the fact that the so-called adjunct gap structures are derived not by parasitic gap structures but by coordinate gap structures. A point to note about the phenomenon of parasitic gaps is that the outer spec/inner adjunct configuration forces the appearance of parasitic gaps. A further point to note is that an intermediate trace needs to be above an adjunct in order to license a parasitic gap. Furthermore, it is significant to note that Overfelt's (2016) arguments that adjunct gap structures are not derived via coordinate gap structures serve as counterexamples to Postal's (1994) hypothesis that adjunct gap structures are derived not by parasitic gap structures but by coordinate gap structures. In this article, we review the two analyses and demonstrate that adjunct gap structures and parasitic gap structures cannot be derived via the same mechanism and that in all three cases, adjunct gap structures in Korean have the same properties as coordinate gap structures in Korean, which jibes not with Overfelt (2016) but with Postal (1994).


Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a typical acquired marrow failure syndrome, presenting with pancytopenia associated to an empty marrow. Less frequent forms of mono-lineage cytopenia may be due to selective aplasia, as in pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) or in agranulocytosis. The link among these conditions is their cellular immune-mediated pathophysiology, which is supported by many experimental data; for these conditions different immunosuppressive strategies have been employed. Here we report our preliminary experience with alemtuzumab as alternative immunosuppressive therapy in patients failing or not eligible for standard immunosuppression. Three patients have been treated: (i). a 39 year-old male affected by SAA, who had failed to respond to two lines of therapy; (ii). a 55 year-old female, suffering from recurrent agranulocytosis, responding to methylprednisone (MP) for 4 years but then refractory to MP, cyclosporine A (CsA) and G-CSF; (iii). a 60 year-old male affected by PRCA, who developed significant early toxicity by steroid treatment. All patients received alemtuzumab as subcutaneous injection, with a dose escalating schedule of 3–10–30–30–(30) mg in consecutive days; the total dose was 103 mg for SAA, and 73 for PRCA and agranulocytosis. The patients received MP 1 mg/kg in concomitance with alemtuzumab, with the exception of the PRCA patient, due to his previous steroid toxicity; all patients on day 7 started low dose CsA (1 mg/kg). Valgancyclovir 450 mg bi-daily and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole bidaily twice a week were administered as anti-CMV and anti-Pneumocystis Carinii prophylaxis, respectively. Two of the patients completed the treatment without any side effect, while the PRCA patient experienced injection-related febrile reactions, managed by doubling the dose interval. No significant abnormality of routine biochemical tests was reported. A complete lympho-ablation was observed in all patients within 3–4 days, which persisted for 3 months. No infectious event was observed at a median follow-up of 6 months, nor other medical complications. After 6 months, flow cytometry documented a partial T cell recovery, with persistence of CD4+ cells reduction. No GPI-anchored protein deficient clone was documented within each blood cell lineage. As efficacy of the treatment is concerned, the patients will be described individually. The SAA patient did not show any clinical improvement at +8 months from treatment, with persistent platelet and red cell transfusion requirement. In contrast, the women affected by agranulocytosis showed early and stable response, with absolute neutrophil counts raising from 0 to 3,000/uL (15,000/uL during G-CSF administration); at +6 months from treatment, she is well, free from any treatment, with the exception of a weekly dose of G-CSF. Finally, the PRCA patient did not show any improvement for 3 months, still requiring transfusions. In the fourth month, he suddenly showed a marked rise of reticulocyte count (130,000/uL), which leaded in few weeks to transfusion independence and hemoglobin stabilization; at +6 months, he is on low dose CsA with hemoglobin >12 g/dL. In conclusion, alemtuzumab administered as subcutaneous injection is a feasible and safe treatment which may be indicated for patients suffering from immune-mediated acquired marrow failure syndromes. Its positioning in the setting of immunosuppression is still to be established, and promises to be pivotal if the favourable risk-to-benefit profile shown in this preliminary experience will be confirmed.


Reversible protonic ceramic cells (rPCCs) combine two different operation regimes, fuel 11 and electrolysis modes, which allow reversible chemical-to-electrical energy conversion at reduced 12 temperatures with high efficiency and performance. Here we present novel technological and 13 materials science approaches, enabling a rPCC with symmetrical functional electrodes to be 14 prepared using a single sintering step. The response of the cell fabricated on the basis of P–N– 15 BCZD|BCZD|PBN–BCZD (where BCZD = BaCe0.5Zr0.3Dy0.2O3–δ, PBN = Pr1.9Ba0.1NiO4+δ, P = Pr2O3, 16 N = Ni) is studied at different temperatures and water vapor partial pressures by means of volt17 ampere measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and distribution of relaxation 18 times analyses. The obtained results demonstrate that symmetrical electrodes exhibit classical 19 mixed-ionic/electronic conducting behavior with no hydration capability at 750 °C; therefore, 20 increasing the pH2O values in both reducing and oxidizing atmospheres leads to some deterioration 21 of their electrochemical activity. At the same time, the electrolytic properties of the BCZD membrane 22 are improved, positively affecting the rPCC's efficiency. The electrolysis mode of the rPCC is found 23 to be more efficient than the fuel cell mode under highly humidified atmospheres, since its 24 performance is determined by the ohmic resistance, which decreases under respectively less humid 25 conditions. 26


This study has presented the importance of aspirin with blood to prevent blood clotting through a likely multi stenosed artery by using Casson's and Bingham Plastic fluid models. A clot in an artery may stop blood flowing to the tissues further down. In this paper, the equations describing the flow have been solved, and the expressions parameters on flow variables have been studied. The graphical representations have been made to validate the result with a view of its applicability to stenotic diseases. It is found that the flow of resistance increases with the height of the stenosis but decreases with the angle of inclination. Aspirin helps to prevent blood clots forming. A dose of Aspirin will dilute the blood and reduces the blood viscosity as well as lowers the blood pressure. The results shown in this paper are compared with the available results presented by previous research work.


The World Wide Web Internet protocol was introduced twenty years ago in 1991. Although the system originally conceived by Tim Berners-Lee consisted only of text, its underlying hyperlinking structure unleashed a revolution in the dissemination of information. Two years later, Andreesen and Bina released the World Wide Web Mosaic browser that incorporated the display of graphic files and the Internet became a new medium for cartography. It is now clear that the Internet represents much more than simply a new way of distributing maps to users. The Internet has changed how map data is acquired, how maps are stored, manipulated, and used. The International Cartographic Association recognized this important change in creating the Maps and the Internet commission in 1999. The Internet has highlighted the importance of maps to humans in a variety of ways. A considerable amount of Internet traffic can be associated with the distribution of maps. Portals and search engines have promoted maps and invested considerably in their creation and use. In addition to searching web pages, it is now also possible to search for features on maps with services like Google Maps. There are signs that Google maintains the individual tiles for its map in computer memory at its many data centers. It is estimated that the company invests as much as US$629 million to store all map tiles at each center. The current Internet cartographic landscape has been shaped by a number of polarizing forces. Foremost among these is the battle between commercial and open-source (public) interests. Initially an open network, the Internet has been increasingly commercialized. Open-source software and open-sourced data are efforts to counter commercial interests. Another polarizing aspect of Internet maps is the form of delivery. While desktop computers have been increasing the size of the display, many maps are now delivered on small mobile units. Browser vs. non-browser forms of map delivery would represent a further polarizing aspect. Many map "apps" for mobile devices no longer use a browser. The future of cartography is inextricably tied to the Internet. The current from of cartography on the Internet is a product of a series of polarizing interests. These countering forces will likely continue. If history repeats itself, the future will be much like the past.


Herein, a numerical and experimental study of the interaction of a directional beam of light with metallic surfaces with two periodic components is presented. The periods of these two components are chosen in such a way that, through one of them, light is coupled into surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and, through the other one, the SPPs are decoupled as a propagating beam in another direction. This interaction can produce a propagating beam of light that involves in its trajectory the passage through an SPP state, providing thus a means of studying the effects of SPP coupling on the state of coherence of the emerging field. These coupling/decoupling effects are studied numerically, and experimental evidence of the generation of such SPP decoupled beams is presented. The effect of this double scattering process on the temporal properties of short light pulses, reflected by a double period metallic grating, is also studied.


Article history Received: February 28, 2020 Revised: April 14, 2020 Accepted: April 27, 2020 The purpose of this study was to determine differences in students' cognitive learning outcomes (CLO) using demonstration and experimental learning methods. The Clo differences are in students who have high critical thinking skills (HCTS) and low critical thinking skills (LCTS), and whether there is or not the interaction between learning methods and critical thinking towards students CLO. Hopefully, this research could strengthen existing theories and inform other teacher colleagues by using demonstration and experimentation methods in other subjects to improve the quality of a school. The study design used a 2 x 2 factorial design. The study population was students of X science class in one of the state high schools in Central Lombok, Indonesia, which amounted to 18 schools. The study sample amounted to 2 schools. In order to select the research sample, we used purposive random sampling. CLO and critical thinking skills were measured by using essay tests. Testing on the validity and reliability of CLO tests and critical thinking skill showed valid and reliable results. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA with pre-test scores as covariates. The results showed that there were significant differences in CLO between students learning to use the demonstration and experimental learning method. There was a significant difference in CLO between students who have HCTS and LCTS, and there was no interaction between learning methods and critical thinking on student's CLO. Experimental method learning is more optimal to improving student CLO when When it is applied to HCTS students rather than LCTS students on Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.


It was evaluated the microbiological quality of 40 samples of minas frescal cheese handmade produced in the Jales City, SP. These samples were obtained at supermarkets as well as on farms. It was used the standard methodology for microbiological analyses in food. These are the microbiological analyses which were performed: quantification of total and fecal coliforms and of Staphylococcus coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative. All the samples presented total and fecal coliforms, with confirmation of Escherichia coli. 95% of these samples presented a count of 3,3 x 106 NMP/g, in 92.5% count of 2,3 x 105 NMP/g of fecal coliforms, which is above the count allowed by legislation for coliforms. The counts of S. aureus were of 4,5 x 107 UFC/g and of Staphylococcus coagulase-negative between 3,3 x 103 and 3,2 x 106 UFC/g. The microbiological results revealed the potential risk that this product can mean to public health.


In tissues that maintain themselves by continuous renewal, neither the embryonic pattern of the organ nor the nuclear chromatin determines the final pathway of differentiation, which is usually dependent upon chemical influences such as hormones and essential vitamins made available from sources external to the cells. In the early stages of differentiation all cells are pluripotential and this accounts for cartilaginous metaplasia in the callus of a fracture, for the appearance of macrophages and giant cells in foreign body reactions in the stroma, and for the variety of atypical patterns produced by excessive endocrine stimulation such as sweat gland epithelium in chronic cystic mastitis of the breast. This modern information makes it unnecessary to postulate special cells accumulated as embryonic rests to explain the process of epidermidalization in the endocervix that is reported in the present study. In this study, 100 cervices were examined from consecutive patients who had hysterectomies performed for noncervical diseases such as benign fibroids, metrorrhagia, and malignant tumors of the ovary. Sections were taken from 4 quadrants from the squamocolumnar junction. To this series were added cases obtained from autopsies in the young age groups with normal reproductive organs, and 13 cases were similarly studied in the newborn. The squamous metaplasia found was divided into the following groups: Group I, complete metaplasia-includes marked to moderate metaplasia of the endocervix extending to the glandular or endocervical lumen; Group 11, incomplete metaplasia-includes focal squamous metaplasia of the endocervix with persisting superficial columnar epithelium; and Group 111, senile or migratory metaplasia -includes changes in patients beyond the menopause. Reserve cell proliferation was excluded as a form of metaplasia in our series, although i t frequently accompanied metaplasia. Group I, complete metaplasia, was characterized by three to six layers of transitional or cuboidal cells with basophilic cytoplasm resembling that found in basal cells. The superficial layers only rarely matured in a fashion typical of the surface epithelium found in the normal portio vaginalis of the cervix. The metaplastic epithelium was predominantly immature but entirely replaced the columnar epithelium (FIGURE 1). There was usually a normal appearing basement membrane with an underlying mature but vascular stroma. In Group 11, incomplete or focal metaplasia, the transitional epithelium was found beneath persisting columnar epithelium, completely replacing it only in occasional foci. A complete basement membrane was usually lacking and the metaplastic cells appeared to be arising directly from the stroma, which was of the immature loose type (FIGURES 2a and b ) . In Group 111, senile metaplasia, the metaplastic epithelium was continuous and identical with the normal squamous epithelium for the ectocervix and seemed to be an extension of it. This finding was associated with an atrophic state of the endometrium and/or the ovaries (FIGURE 3 ) . The underlying


There is much empirical evidence that human decision-making under risk does not coincide with expected value maximization, and much effort has been invested into the development of descriptive theories of human decision-making involving risk (e.g. Prospect Theory). An open question is how behavior corresponding to these descriptive models could have been learned or arisen evolutionarily, as the described behavior differs from expected value maximization. We believe that the answer to this question lies, at least in part, in the interplay between risk-taking, sequentiality of choice, and population dynamics in evolutionary environments. In this paper, we provide the results of several evolutionary game simulations designed to study the risk behavior of agents in evolutionary environments. These include several evolutionary lottery games where sequential decisions are made between risky and safe choices, and an evolutionary version of the well-known stag hunt game. Our results show how agents that are sometimes risk-prone and sometimes risk-averse can outperform agents that make decisions solely based on the maximization of the local expected values of the outcomes, and how this can facilitate the evolution of cooperation in situations where cooperation entails risk.


Interclausal connectives such as 'before,' 'although,' and 'because' play an important role in reading: they signal the relations between segments of text and indicate how to integrate clauses and sentences. We report two experiments (cued and free recall) to investigate whether different types of connective (temporal, causal, adversative) aid 7-8 and 9-10 year-olds' memory for sentences and affect how they represent sentence meaning. For both age groups, memory for sentences was improved when the clauses were connected by a meaningful connective that explicitly signalled the relation between them. The type of connective influenced how meaning was represented. Clearly, young readers can take advantage of the linguistic and pragmatic function of these cohesive devices.


The most common 8 phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and adipate in sediment were measured 5 times from 1999 to 2001 at 11 sites of river in Korea. Ultrasonication extraction with dichloromethane was done for extraction of the sediment. After concentration GC/MS-SIM analysis was performed. Three compounds (DEP, DBP and DEHP) among eight phthalic acid esters were detected from the sediment samples, and the other PAEs were not detected in any samples. DEHP (27.3~63.6%) was detected with higher frequency than any other compounds for sediment samples. And this compound had shown the highest average concentration (81.7~427.6 ng/g).


Photographic image. Black and white. Three women and one man posed outside of white farmhouse. Man is seated and wearing a flat cap. Inscribed on back "Peter Meintzer Home in Elgin, N.D." Circa 1915. Image courtesy of John Strohmaier Collection, 1996.10, GRHC.


In the present article, the author demonstrates the indissoluble relation between the scientific approaches of the category of management of the information to the being assumed like factor of competitiveness by managers. The author, base and validate the relation and symbiosis of terms, concepts, that allude to the field of the physics, chemistry and mathematics, and that are as well, perfectly applicable to the language of the informative management and the management of the knowledge. It's assumed the concept of information management from statements analyzed before in the article. Besides, it's enough demonstrated the need from organisations of managing and covering the knowledge, originating the embryo of the called "learning organisation".


Background: Viral rebound has been reported in people infected with COVID-19 treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, and some cases been reported in patients who did not receive any antiviral treatment. Since the course of COVID-19 has not yet been well defined, we evaluated the incidence of viral rebound among COVID-19 patients treated with COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma (CCP) in Uganda. Methods: In the CCP trail, 136 patients were enrolled between 21st September 2020 and 2nd December 2020 who presented to the Mulago National Referral COVID-19 treatment unit. Patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR test irrespective of disease severity were hospitalized and randomized to receive either COVID-19 CCP plus standard of care (SOC) or SOC alone. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR was done at baseline and on days 3, 5, 7, 14 and 28 post randomisation or until two consecutive negative RT-PCR results were obtained, whichever occurred first. We analysed for occurrence of viral rebound. Viral rebound was defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test following a prior negative test. Findings: 20% of the participants had viral rebound. Viral rebounders were predominantly male. The median age was 45-64 years and they had at least one co-morbidity. There was no difference in the rebound rates in the study arms, and participants with hypertension had more rebound rates compared to those with other co-morbidities. Interpretation: Viral RNA rebound was common among patients receiving CCP. Viral rebound may be a result of the biphasic nature of COVID-19 infection, and not a consequence of the therapeutic interventions.


Pterois miles (Bennett, 1828) is an aquatic invader and disruptive predator for marine ecosystems. A single lionfish was photographed and sampled in March 2021 during a scientific survey at 36 m depth in Karaburun/İzmir Bay. In this study presents an update on the lionfish's northward progression in the Aegean Sea.


Innovation can be made of small things in our routine activities.  Seiri (sort), Seiton (set in order), Seiso (shine), Seiketsu (standards), and Shitsuke (sustain) is 5 words in Japanese, which is a systematic technique in correlation with efficiency. Kaizen has been widely known in the world as continuous improvement through small steps that affect the economy of the company. This system helps the management to manage the workplace, improve discipline, reduce waste and increase productivity. NGK Busi Indonesia is one of the companies owned by the Japanese spark plug that upholds the quality control contributed significantly to the implementation of Kaizen and 5S. This study explores the innovative implementation of 5S Kaizen refers to that applied in the production  floor. Direct observation was made as basic methodology of this study. PT NGK Busi Indonesia always fix some work through Kaizen techniques to improve efficiency.


Lack of appropriate financing is a major issue for European small or medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). They are highly dependent on bank lending for external funding, while there is a strong need for wider use of alternative finance, and especially of equity capital with respect to innovative and growth-oriented firms. In this Article, we explore the relationship between corporate law and SMEs' access to equity finance, concluding that the organizational and governance structure of the enterprise is essential for making it attractive for investors.First, we provide evidence of this relationship showing the importance that US corporate law, and particularly Delaware corporate law, had in the successful funding of Silicon Valley's startups. Second, we analyse the European framework. On one side, we address the measures adopted by the EU regulators for promoting SMEs' alternative finance, which have been ineffective and have completely ignored business organization law. On the other side, we describe how a number of EU jurisdictions – with a focus on the Italian system – have amended their corporate law, easing access to equity finance.Finally, we discuss some empirical data and the possible implications in terms of regulatory competition among the EU Member States.
financing SMEs, alternative finance, equity finance, corporate law, business form, regulatory competition


Double barrier resonant tunneling diodes (DBRTD) have received much attention as possible terahertz devices. Despite impressive experimental results, the specifics of the device physics (i.e., how the electrons propagate through the structure) are only qualitatively understood. Therefore, better transport models are warranted if this technology is to mature. In this paper, the Lattice Wigner function is used to explain the important transport issues associated with DBRTD device behavior.


In an economic environment in a constantly changing, performance is a priority, an assurance of some profitable economic results, a measure of profit, productivity, growth, value creation, and an indicator hardly touched. Economic entities benefit from the great opportunities to influence the outcome and, implicitly to shape their performance. These include the choice of the method of evaluating the stocks especially in putting their consumption because the entry in the inventory entity does not generate an expense which would have impact on the performance. In this sense, this article aims to analyze the implications of stock assessment methods to the entity upon performance. The research is based on the comparative analysis of the extent to which three methods of assessment of stocks respectively first in-first out, last in first out, weighted average cost may be used depending on the needs of modeling results. The research results show that the methods of stock assessment chosen by each company, governed by the law of national accounts have considerable influences upon the cost and outcome, concealing various possibilities of performance manipulation.


Background The objective of this study was to identify the presence of selected miRNAs in exosomes of the serum and ascitic fluid and to determine their expression levels in patients with NASH-related liver cirrhosis with or without HCC Methods A literature search was performed to identify potential miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. The expression of the miRNA candidates in the exosome of serum and ascitic fluid were investigated in 52 patients of NASH-induced liver cirrhosis with HCC (n=26) as compared to NASH-induced liver cirrhosis without HCC (n=26) by using quantitative real-time PCR. Fold change was calculated using 2^- ΔΔCTmethod. Results The median age for patients with NASH-induced liver cirrhosis with HCC was 71.5 years old versus the control group of 60.5 years old. More than 50% of the patients in both groups had underlying comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Three oncogenic miRNAs (miR-182, miR-301a, and miR-373) with high expression in the HCC tissues were selected as the candidate miRNAs. The expression level of serum exosomal mir-182, miR-301a, and miR-373 were significantly upregulated with fold change (fc) of 1.77, 2.52, and 1.67 (p< 0.05) respectively in NASH-induced liver cirrhosis with HCC as compared to the control group. The same trend could be observed in the expression level of ascitic fluid exosomal mir-182, miR-301a, and miR-373 whereby they were significantly upregulated with fc of 1.6, 1.94 and 2.13 (p <0.05) respectively in NASH-induced liver cirrhosis with HCC as compared to the control group. However, poor correlation of miRNA expression (miR-182, miR-301a and miR-373) between serum exosomal and ascitic fluid exosomal in HCC group with miR-182 (r=0.213, p=0.444), miR-301a (r= -0.242, p=0.422) and miR-373 (r=0.24, p=0.427). Conclusions A significant increase in the expression levels of exosomal miR-182, miR-301a, and miR-373 for both serum and ascitic fluid may be potential biomarkers for NASH-induced liver cirrhosis with HCC


The number of processors integrated in embedded platforms is expected to grow and reach thousands of cores in the near future. Manycore architectures gained a large interest over the years but the problem remains in scaling the control fabric and the interconnection network. We present in this paper CEDAR, a Configurable Embedded Distributed ARchitecture, and its adaptive routing strategy based on ACO (Ant Colony Optimization). CEDAR offers a high degree of flexibility and can handle any interconnection topology. Routing paths for remote data transfers are defined at runtime and allow a homogeneous distribution of traffic, avoiding deadlocks and contentions. We show that flexibility generates little overhead for exploring paths, which decreases for large amounts of data transfers. CEDAR is convenient for implementing irregular applications with high computational complexities.


Since Durel et al.' first reported successful clinical trials, metronidazole has rapidly superseded, and indeed almost rendered obsolete, all other forms of therapy for trichomonal colpitis. Hitherto the standard form of treatment had been the local application of a trichomonacide in the form of a pessary, jelly, ointment, cream, or tablet. However, these preparations, although highly effective in vitro, were all limited by their inability to pursue this motile organism into the urethra, Skene's ducts, cervix, and even the uterus, where it lurked until the completion of therapy, only to reappear after the next menstrual period. By attaining an effective lethal concentration in serum and urine metronidazole has been able to overcome these obstacles. More than a hundred published reports covering tens of thousands of cases have confirmed its efficacy, and an overall cure rate in the region of 90% is reported. Diagnosis.-It is important that the diagnosis is correctly established before treatment is commenced and even in the busiest general practice there is no excuse for employing the drug until the presence of the parasite has been demonstrated. For practical purposes a drop of the discharge is mixed with saline and examined microscopically without delay. In most cases the organism will reveal itself by its motility and only in a few instances is it necessary to resort to staining and cultural methods of identification. A number of so-called failures on the part of the drug are due to its indiscriminate use in all cases of vaginal discharge which may be due to cervicitis, gonorrhoea, or other infection. Metronidazole seems to be equally effective whether the infestation is chronic or recently acquired and in contrast to other forms of therapy loses none of its efficacy in the presence of a cervical erosion. In the post-menopausal patient concurrent therapy with oestrogens is probably advisable. Metronidazole does not inhibit the growth of useful saprophytic organisms in the vagina; shortly after the commencement of treatment it is common for Ddderlein's bacillus to reappear and for the pH of the vagina to return to physiological levels. The Sexual Partner.-Since trichomonal vaginitis is frequently acquired as a result of coitus, many workers consider that the husband or consort should always be treated simultaneously and McGill and Black3 reported an increase in cure rate from 87% to 95 % when both partners were treated. In any event the possible co-existence of other infection such as gonorrhoea is a powerful argument for routine examination of the sexual partner. Even in cases where he shows no signs or symptoms of infestation, repeated relapses in the female should be an indication for giving him a course of treatment. Pregnancy.-Metronidazole loses none of its effectiveness in pregnancy. It has been administered to many thousands of patients in every stage of pregnancy and there is no evidence to suggest a teratogenic effect. Although secreted in high concentration in the breast milk it does not seem to cause any gastro-intestinal or other upset in the baby. During pregnancy vaginal trichomoniasis may co-exist with moniliasis. Metronidazole has no limiting effect on the latter condition and it has even been suggested by Krishna Menon and Willmott4 that growth of the monilia may be encouraged by elimination of the trichomonal infestation. Infertility.-It is well known that trichomoniasis may cause infertility in cattle and it has been suggested that it may have a similar effect in the human female. However, although several cases have been reported of pregnancy following promptly on the use of metronidazole there is no evidence that the drug was directly responsible and it is more probable that relief from dyspareunia and restoration of the vaginal physiology were the effective factors.


Research Background
"Of Identity and Vibrancy: The Real Cinema of Malaysia" brought together 23 short and feature films as well as two masterclasses in a two-week Cinema Showcase that explored the socio-cultural significance of contemporary Malaysian cinema.

Research Contribution
Contemporary Malaysian cinema is a story of ambition and struggle. New filmmakers have been trained well and grown up influenced by the local art house scene. Investments into film education, the success of local independent cinema, and investments into the infrastructure are slowly enhancing the quality of Malaysian films and push them into the local mainstream. These are the films this Showcase celebrated. Starting from U-Wei Haji Saari, one of the fathers of independent, socially-aware, realist cinema in Malaysia, covering international festival successes such as Bunohan, Lelaki Harapan Dunia or the short films of Edmund Yeoh as well as local box office hits like Jagat (the highest grossing Tamil film in Malaysian history) and Nova; ending with a collection of new voices of young Malaysian filmmakers.

The Showcase exhibited a new generation of Malaysian filmmakers. A generation that struggles with its identity - as individuals within the cultural, ethnic and religious complexities of Malaysia, as young women and men in the digital age, as Malaysians in a globalised world. This is a generation that celebrates these struggles through a socially more realistic cinema, showing the real Malaysia with its quirks and contradictions. This is the generation that revolutionises the country's film culture. The Malaysia Film Showcase celebrated this generation of Malaysian filmmakers - and through them, the real Malaysia; a place of complexity, searching for identities, beauty and youthful vibrancy.

Research Significance
Of Identity and Vibrancy was a two-week Showcase with seven public screenings and two public masterclasses at Griffith Film School, with a total attendance of around 200 people.


Dr . Maria L . Banda is an international lawyer . She is currently the Graham Fellow at the University of Toronto Faculty of Law, a member of the World Commission on Environmental Law, and a Visiting Attorney at the Environmental Law Institute . Scott Fulton is President of the Environmental Law Institute and a member of the United Nations Environment Programme's International Advisory Council on Environmental Justice . He is a former U .S . Environmental Protection Agency General Counsel, Environmental Appeals Judge, environmental prosecutor, and environmental diplomat .


The mystic experience is found in all races and religions. It claims attention as a non-rational, yet real, experience. It may be defined as an immediate awareness of the nature of reality. The mystic feels a joyous certainty of the truth of his religious ideas. The significance of the experience is not in its psycho-physical phenomena. The Orient knew long ago how to induce the experience by normal means. Nor is its significance in its revelation of truth for no new truth is attained in the experience. Its significance is that it gives emotional value to any world-view whatsoever and makes the individual unshakably certain of his worth and security in the system. Examples from monistic, theistic, and non-theistic mystics. Each new world-view must develop its own mystics for mysticism tends to be a conservative force.


A critical study which links George Eliot to George Sand is not a new idea. While considerations of social thought, art, feminism and the imagery used by the two novelists have formed much of the comparative criticism to date, this study examines another vital link between the French and the British novelist. "Two Georges and the Dragon" focuses on the psycho-spiritual evolution, the individuation process, experienced by four Sand-Eliot heroines. The nineteenth century's concern with "Soul-Making" (Keats, 334 ), its search for self and certitude in the face of social, religious and technological change, fostered a widespread artistic renovation of both pagan and Christian myth. Thus, while Carl Jung's terminology for the stages of individuation was not yet available to either Sand or Eliot, the mythic archetypes essential for a Jungian exploration of the psyche were. It is from this archetypal perspective that the sequence of "the -heroine's journey" is developed. Maureen Murdock's The Heroine's Journey (1990) depicts the twentieth century version of the feminine quest for individuation. Despite separation by a century-and-a-half, the Sand-Eliot protagonists' struggles to attain an "informed sympathy'' are strikingly similar to the contemporary "heroine's journey" toward an integrated consciousness. Murdock's archetypal sequence illustrates precisely how "history (becomes] incarnate" in these nineteenth-century heroines. A progression through a series of initiatory stages marks the individuation process. To be sure, some measure of ego deflation and subsequent renewed perspective do occur for many characters in both Sand's and Eliot's novels. In these cases, shadow aspects of the unconscious emerge and are assimilated.


This article analyzes the relationships between the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the countries of South America, specifically, with Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Chile. To present this relationship, our analysis focuses on a specific time, the travel that the General Director of the ILO, Albert Thomas, did to these countries in 1925. This travel aimed to: present the actions of the ILO on these countries and to collect information about the situation of work and the workers in these countries. It also intended to breathe life into a relationship with yet little mutual interest. For a better understanding we have made a brief presentation of the creation of the ILO and its first General Secretary.


Arab American Adolescents' Bullying Experiences and effects on their Perceived Stress and Health Purpose and Background/Significance This study is intended to examine the bullying experience among Arab American adolescents and effects on their perceived stress and health. Adolescents who are vulnerable or marginalised might be at higher risk for bullying. Arab American adolescents have not been included in research studies examining bullying and described as the invisible population. Method Utilising a community-based approach and cross- sectional, correlational descriptive design, a convenient sample of 150 Arab American adolescents ages12 to 16 were recruited from two community centres, located at southeastern Michigan. Adolescents completed a survey about their bullying experience, their stress levels and if they experience any physical or psychological symptoms in the last year. Measurements included are the Adolescents Peer Relation Instrument (APRI), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Children's Somatization Inventory (CSI-24) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Multiple regression and correlation statistics were used to examine the relationships between the study variables. Results Initial results shows that adolescents who were victims of bullying experienced high stress levels, increased somatic complaints and psychological distress. In contrast, bullies did not reported high stress levels but indicated significant somatic complaints and psychological distress. Conclusions Bullying experience was associated with negative physical and psychological health outcomes as well as increased levels of stress among victims. Nurses and other primary health care providers can screen adolescents for physical symptoms and stress related to bullying. In addition providing culturally tailored prevention and intervention strategies may help to promote the overall health of adolescents who experience bullying by increasing their resistance to stress and developing supportive coping mechanisms.


The main objective of this study was to examine the association between empathy and conflict management styles. Twenty graduate students in MBA program in a selected government university were distributed the survey questionnaire. Only seventeen students returned the questionnaire with completion. Empathy was measured by using the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire and conflict management styles were assessed based on modified version of conflict management questionnaire based on the concept of Thomas-Kilmann. Results indicated that graduate students had a medium level of empathy, and collaborating style was rated as the most favorable conflict management style for this group of students. In addition, Findings revealed the positive relationship between empathy and accommodating conflict style at a medium level (r = .531, p < .05). The recommendations for a further study and research implications were also proposed.


To acquire the maximum fundamental frequency,the transmission tower shape is optimized by genetic algorithm.Considering that there are some disadvantages such as premature convergence and low robustness in solving complex optimization problems with standard genetic algorithm,a new adaptive strategy is proposed to improve the performance of the algorithm,including the design for selection operator and the method of selecting dynamic crossover probability and mutation probability.Then,a solution is put forward for several problems in independent optimization program.Finally,a tower with 108 bars is employed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.


We present an on-going research project carried out at the Universidad Nacional de Cordoba in Argentina. This project investigates theoretical and practical research questions related to the development of a dialogue system situated in a virtual environment. We describe the PLN research group in which this project is being developed and, in particular, we spell out the areas of expertise of the authors. Moreover, we discuss relevant past, current and future collaborations of the research group.


Your concern about having to prove your virginity to partners, families, and communities isn't odd; in certain communities, failure to do so may result in being shamed, rejected, ostracized, abused, or even killed. For those who are unfamiliar, the hymen is a thin membrane around the opening of the vagina. In many communities, it's believed that the hymen will be torn or broken during sex for the first time and that a torn hymen is an indication that this person has had vaginal sex. In cases where a person may have had vaginal sex in the past but still wants to be seen as a virgin, hymenoplasty, a surgical procedure to repair or treat the hymen, may be an option. That said, there are non-surgical options to consider as well (more on those in a bit).


In this talk, we present some new research results about our Transparent Computing which is a new computing paradigm for service sharing. Rapid development in computer networks let people easily share the hardware and software resources, however, because the slow progress in Operating system technologies and few changes in computer architectures in several decades, it is still not easy to share services from different software and hardware platforms for users. Transparent Computing paradigm separates the storages and executions of software programs and data including what of operating systems in different computers connecting with communication networks. In this paradigm, data and programs are stored in the storage servers and they are executed in either clients or execution servers according to the required services, respectively. We propose a new mechanism called Meta OS to manage this separation. This mechanism extends the Neumann architecture special-temporally, so that a sequentially virtual computing can be effectively obtained and the individual service sharing can be easily performed underlying different Operating System platforms. We will introduce the idea, the mechanism and algorithms of proposed Meta OS for the separation of the programs and data including what of Operating Systems. Moreover, we also present some examples about the applications of this computing paradigm.


China is increasingly opening its door to the outside world and is actively making connection with the international community economically, culturally and politically. Within such a context, Chinese education, higher learning education in particular, is undergoing a profound reform trying to keep pace with the development of international education, especially the US education system, to train Chinese students to cope with international competition with the bilingual ability as the era of global economic integration and knowledge economy knock at the door of China. The purpose of this paper is to explore the way of how to reform the bilingual teaching in China and, at the same time, make a comparison of Sino-US bilingual education.


In view of the thought and successful experience of compile quality management and of standardized management in series standard for reference in TQM and ISO9000,the paper further investigates the quality management,quality guarantee,quality supervision,and feedback and control system of quality in the graduation project(thesis).Combining with the teaching reality,the paper sets up and implements one normal,advanced,feasible system of graduation project in quality management,quality guarantee and control,in order to improve the quality of the graduation project(thesis).


Fission-track (FT) and (U–Th–Sm)/He (He) analyses are used to constrain the denudation pattern and history of the Kiso Range, a Japanese fault-block mountain range which has been uplifted since ca 0.8 Ma. We obtained nine zircon FT ages ranging 59.3– 42.1 Ma, 18 apatite FT ages ranging 81.9–2.3 Ma, and 13 apatite He ages ranging 36.7– 2.2 Ma. The apatite FT and He ages are divided into an older group comparable to the zircon FT age range and a younger group of <18 Ma. The younger ages are interpreted as a reflection of uplift of the Kiso Range because they were obtained only to the east of the Seinaiji-touge Fault, and the event age estimated from apatite FT data is consistent with the timing of the onset of the Kiso Range uplift. On the basis of the distribution of the younger ages, we propose westward tilting uplift of the Kiso Range between the boundary fault of the Inadani Fault Zone and Seinaiji-touge Fault, which implies a model of bedrock uplift that is intermediate between two existing models: a pop-up model in which the Kiso Range is squeezed upward between the two faults and a tilted uplift model which assumes that the Kiso Range is uplifted and tilted to the west by the Inadani Fault Zone. The original land surface before the onset of uplift/denudation of the Kiso Range is estimated to have been uplifted to an elevation of 2700–4900 m. We estimated denudation rates at 1.3–4.0 mm/y and maximum bedrock uplift rates at 3.4–6.1 mm/y since ca 0.8 Ma. The Seinaiji-touge fault is interpreted as a back thrust of the west-dipping Inadani Fault Zone. The older group of apatite FT and He ages is interpreted to reflect long-term peneplanation with a probable denudation rate of <0.1 mm/y.


The recognition of ice‐related unconformities is of prime importance when dealing with the sequential architecture of pre‐Pleistocene glacial successions. Late Ordovician striated surfaces strikingly preserved in North Gondwana were long considered as abrasion surfaces at the sole of a grounded glacier overriding unlithified sediments, or having resulted from the scouring action of drifting icebergs. Field observations from Mauritania and Libya show that these striated surfaces require an alternative interpretation, which can be applied to similar surfaces described elsewhere, such as in Permo‐Carboniferous or Neoproterozoic glacial sequences. A new model is proposed that involves superimposed concurrent décollement planes within a subglacial brittle shear zone in unlithified sand beds. Shear zones in subglacial sediments are well known in Quaternary deposits but, to date, it has not been demonstrated that they may form striated surfaces occurring at continent scale with orientations consistent with palaeo ice‐flow reconstructions based on larger‐scale indicators.


An algorithm of layout analysis based on run-length entropy was proposed for segmenting image area in document.Firstly,the entropy of each line in a document with different gray run-length was computed.Then,the prominent areas were extracted which have significantly large entropy value.Finally,the image in the document was extracted by finding the prominent areas.The experimental results show that the image areas can be extracted precisely and effectively,and the proposed method is reasonably robust in different language layout.


The present document deals with a series of definitions of urban open space, proposing the use of the term collectively used urban spaces, understood as the...


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure the relationship between organizational social capital and retention of faculty members in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Design/methodology/approach – Using a stratified multistage sampling, 120 faculty members were recruited to fill the questionnaire. Findings – There were a direct and positive bilateral (r=0.65) relationship between social capital and retention of faculty members. Originality/value – The university officials and policy makers need to pay closer attention to some issues such as providing welfare facilities, salary and wages, benefits, interests and appreciation for faculty members.


The Securities and Exchange Commission requested public comment on ways to simplify, improve, or harmonize exemptions from the requirement to register securities offerings. The SEC acknowledged that the current array of exempt offerings is complex and might be difficult for issuers to navigate. See Concept Release on Harmonization of Securities Offering Exemptions, 84 Fed. Reg. 30,460 (June 26, 2019).

My comment proposed a new exemption from the registration requirements to replace several of the current exemptions and simplify access to capital for startup companies and small to mid-sized companies. It would combine features from Rules 506(b) and (c) of Regulation D and eliminate costly and cumbersome limitations and restrictions that are part of current exemptions for smaller companies, particularly Regulation A, Regulation CF, and Rule 504 of Regulation D. The approach also would broaden the base for sources of capital by eliminating the accredited investor restriction in Rule 506, but it would preserve fundamental investor protection by requiring a set of mandatory disclosures in each sale.

The central element of the proposed exemption is a solid disclosure document. An important qualification is that the disclosures must not be as extensive as those mandated by Regulation S-K, Form S-1, Rule 506(b) for nonaccredited investors, or Regulation A. The disclosure obligations of the new exemption should provide essential company and security information to buyers but avoid the high costs associated with longer disclosures.


This study investigated the physical properties of aramid/nylon ATY and aramid ATY for protective garments according to the aramid and nylon characteristics fed on the core and effect components of air jet texturing equipment. Tenacity decrease of aramid ATY was much more higher than that of nylon ATY because of slick of aramid filament surface. Tenacity of aramid/nylon ATY was most affected by the tenacity of nylon on the effect component of ATY. Breaking strain of nylon ATY was two times higher than that of nylon before air jet texturing, then, in case of aramid ATY and aramid/nylon ATY, were 5.9-6.7 times higher than those before air jet texturing. Initial modulus decrease of aramid ATY showed 86.5% of initial modulus of aramid before air jet texturing, then aramid/nylon hibrid ATY showed arithmetic average value of initial modulus of aramid and nylon ATY. Wet and dry thermal shrinkages of aramid/nylon hybrid ATY were dominated by those of nylon filament on the effect component of ATY.


A war correspondent has no border, no gender, no religion or race. The only thing a war reporter has the skills of delivering truth, reflection of the reality in the way it is. The soviet space was absolutely closed to journalism and combat women journalists' involvement in wars. The field almost consisted of males. Consequently, it seems impossible to analyze and compare the technique of writing of American and Soviet Women. If America freely accepts women for being actively involved in covering war activities, the Soviets obviously refused to do so. The role of a war correspondent is much bigger than one can suppose. Being a war reporter is more than implementing their responsibilities. It goes deeper into the history. A professional combat reporter is a historian facing the history and keeping it for the next generation. The paper considers advantages and disadvantages of being a female combat correspondent in the Soviet space and the United States of America. The role of American and Soviet women reporters in covering WWII. KEYWORDS


Over the past three decades, the study of material culture has become a pervasive feature of historical scholarship. From art to shoes, from porcelain to glass, 'things' are increasingly viewed as a useful medium through which to reconstruct what mattered to historical actors in everyday life. Taking its lead from this vast scholarship, this discussion examines how material culture was integrated into a programme of devotion, edification and religious instruction within England's episcopal palaces, a group of buildings in which the relationship between the material and the spiritual was particularly fraught. Adopting a long chronological span, from 1500 to 1800, it analyses how that relationship evolved into the eighteenth century, a period noted for its proliferation of things and apparently 'secular' character.


Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins are considered as important virulence factors in the pathogenesis of Gram-positive bacteria infection.Members of CDC family are secreted as water soluble monomer and able to oligomerize on membrane surface with the assistance of cholesterol / cholesterol and other receptor.The related mechanism was subjected to intensive investigation during the past 15 years.And some of the results were published in "Cell" and "Science".So far,although some details of the oligomerization mechanism are still unclear,several hypothesizes are widely accepted such as(1) cholesterol mediates the insertion of three loops(L1-L3) located in domain 4(C-terminal portion of the protein) to the membrane and(2) six α helices in domain 3 transformed into β strands to span the membrane during the pore formation.This mini review will give an introduction on the overall picture of the membrane binding and spanning of CDCs and the remaining questions in the process.


The aroma of grapes and wine includes aromatic free volatiles and non-volatile,odorless precursors,which may be hydrolyzed during the winemaking process.We reviewed the structure,content,research methodology of glycoconjugated aroma compounds,and improvement mechanism of wine flavor also discussed.Furthermore,this review was included the characterization and source of the key enzyme(β-D-glucosidase).Finally,the prospects of flavor precursor was suggested.


The state of race today is complex and challenging. An article published in the preceding issue of this journal examined the history of race and its impact on health care. This article further examines the issue of race and health care as concerns arise regarding the relevance of genetics to health disparities. Pediatric nurses must examine the literature on race, as well as our own assumptions, and be clear about when and why we use racial categories and what they really mean.


Research in media diplomacy often concluded that media took a pro-government stance in covering foreign affairs. This study tested this finding by content analysing the coverage of the Hong Kong 1997 issue by the New York Times, the Times of Britain and the People's Daily of China. The data indicated that the two western newspapers departed significantly from their governments' respective positions on the issue, while the People's Daily has followed Beijing's stance on the issue all along. The result challenged the viewpoint of 'media as governments' cheerleaders'. A more dynamic approach to media diplomacy research is suggested.


A star edge coloring of a graph G is a proper edge coloring of G such that every path and cycle of length four in G uses at least three different colors. The star chromatic index of G, is the smallest integer k for which G admits a star edge coloring with k colors. In this paper, we obtain tight upper bound ⌊ 3∆ 2 ⌋ + 2 for the star chromatic index of every Halin graph, that proves the conjecture of Dvořák et al. (J Graph Theory, 72 (2013), 313–326) for cubic Halin graphs.


Electric potentials of Cd and Tl are similar to In,they can be removed effectively from the crude indium material by Glycerin KI process. The appropriate ratios of indium/glycerin/KI is 1∶0.3∶0.06. According to the ratio, 98.6%Cd and 60.3%Tl in the indium material can be removed. The obtained indium is cast into anode and electro refined, obtaining primary electrolytic indium, which has a purity of 99.96%. The primary electrolytic indium is treated by secondary electrolysis, obtaining indium with a purity of 99.995% .


e16541 Background: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are key in the current management of mUC pts. Recent data in melanoma revealed a link in between the circadian rhythm of the immune-system and expected activity with ICIs (Quian et al, Lancet Oncol 2021). In preclinical models naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells in blood have shown to approach nadir levels around 4 P.M., and therefore, to lower adaptative immune responses after that time. We aimed to correlate the activity of single agent ICIs for the systemic treatment of mUC pts depending on the time of administration. Methods: This is a multicenter and retrospective study performed in 3 academic institutions in Spain and 1 in Italy of patients with mUC who initiated treatment with anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 as 1st or subsequent line. ICIs were administered and managed according to product labelling. Time cut-off as adaptive immune-modulation for ICIs administration was considered after 4:30 PM. We divided pts into those who received at least 20% of their infusions after 4:30 PM and those who received fewer than 20% after that time. Other data such as patient characteristics and adverse-events related to the treatment were also collected. We carried out a survival analysis by a Cox regression model. Results: From 2016, 92 pts were treated with single agent ICIs for mUC. Most of the pts (n = 62; 67.4%) received less than 20% of the doses after 4:30 PM, while a lower proportion (n = 26; 28.3%) received at least 20% of the doses after that time. Median follow-up time of immunotherapy was 8.6 months. 35 (38.0%) and 57 (62.0%) pts received ICIs as 1st and subsequent lines of treatment respectively. There were no differences in the proportion of pts in 1st vs subsequent lines and time of administration, nor other well prognostic baseline factors like PD-L1 expression, or Bajorin or Bellmunt's scoring. A significant benefit in both PFS (11.38 vs 3.58 months; HR 2.66: 95%CI 1.53-4.63; p = 0.001) and in OS (14.04 vs 6.80 months; HR 2.62: 95%CI 1.48-4.63: p = 0.001) benefited to pts who received less than 20% of the doses after 4:30 PM. Response rate also favored (59.3% vs 16.0%) the earlier administration of the treatments. Neither corticosteroids concomitant use nor immune-related toxicity appeared to impact on these outcomes. Conclusions: Time of the day administration of ICIs may influence the efficacy of ICIs in mUC pts. Although the small size of the sample and the short median follow-up is something to be considered, this data are promising and consistent with the previous studies. Prospective confirmation is needed.


The aircraft maintenance demands a lot of aviation mechanics in urgent according to the high season and low season in seasonal demand adjusted, unplanned maintenance work such as AD (airworthiness directives) and troubleshooting of aircraft system fault. The advent of Super-Large Aircraft such as A380 with aircraft materials, power plant and avionics systems which were not in previous models must be expected to increase the complexity of the aircraft maintenance system. This study is intended to propose the development plan for formation of positive flexibility culture in aircraft maintenance organization through the review of previous research on flexibility culture of organization and through empirical research for bureaucratic and poor factors by the evaluation of flexibility culture level of domestic aircraft maintenance organization.


We evaluated serial FMT by retention enema in patients with severe or severe/complicated CDI unresponsive to at least 48 hours of standard antibiotic therapy. Of the 15 patients included, despite initial improvement in most patients, only 5 patients sustained cure at 30 days and serious adverse events occurred in 4 patients.


Developing FPGA solutions for streaming applications written in C (or its variants) can benefit greatly from automatic C-to-RTL (C2RTL) synthesis. Yet, the complexity and stringent throughput/cost constraints of such applications are rather challenging for existing C2RTL synthesis tools. This paper considers automatic partition and block-level parallelization to address these challenges. An MILP-based approach is introduced for finding an optimal partition of a given program into blocks while allowing block-level parallelization. In order to handle extremely large problem instances, a heuristic algorithm is also discussed. Experimental results based on seven well known multimedia applications demonstrate the effectiveness of both solutions.


T he figure of the exotic woman in eighteenth-century fiction, as Julia Douthwaite has argued, enabled certain writers "to imagine unconventional ways of negotiating women's concerns within the boundaries of ancien dgime culture."' Lettres d'une Pdruvienne exemplifies this paradigm through the figure of Zilia, who, as the exotic female other, offers an alternative model for the construction of female subjectivity within eighteenth-century French culture. In addition to "negotiating women's concerns," however, Zilia's letters explore the ways in which the question of the gaze, of seeing the other and of being seen, in both the literal and the figurative senses, underscores the organization of the social and the feminine. In Lettres d'une Pdruvienne, the exotic gaze and the gendered gaze mutually define one another within Graffigny's narrative vision. Nancy K. Miller has argued that the novel allows "the gaze of the female Other ... to point to an important blindspot in the Enlightenment's project to reorganize knowledge-its failure to take the measure of female subjectivity," but equally that it "runs the risk of effacing 'the other woman' by writing in her p l a ~ e . " ~ According to h4iller, therefore, "the gaze of the female Other" is problematized by a doubleness that offers both a new way of seeing and a potential erasing of models of difference. The exploration


Background:Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a syndrome that begins with polyuria and is often associated with polydipsia. Three significant differential diagnosis are important to consider in evaluating the causes of polyuria, including primary polydipsia, diabetes mellitus, and diabetes insipidus. In diabetes incipidus, ADH hormone is not synthesized and secreted in Central DI or the hormone has lost its function in the renal tubules in nephrogenic DI type.
Case presentation:The patient was a 5.5 year-old-boy with polyurea and polydipsia from the beginning of the infancy. The patient had the serum osmolality of 277 mOsm/kg with the 24 hours urine volume of 4500 cc and urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg. The patient underwent water deprivation test for 12 hours. After administration of 20 μg of desmopressin spray, the urine osmolality increased to 720 mOsm/kg. Central diabetes insipidus was diagnosed. There was posterior hypophyseal agenesis in the brain MRI.
Conclusion: The above patient seemed to be one of the rare cases of autosomal recessive central DI that became symptomatic with polyuria and polydipsia from the early days of life. This rare and interesting case had isolated posterior pituitary agenesis. Desmopressin treatment resolved the patient's complaints. The patient was asymptomatic, and had normal growth in one year follow up.


Relentless scaling in silicon CMOS technology has enabled designers with applications and systems that were considered science-fiction only a decade ago. It is now possible to sense many different physical and chemical variables, convert them to digital, process them, and relay the data wirelessly using very little energy. Such developments have empowered technologies and applications like IoT, wireless sensor networks, health monitoring, among others. The common requirements for wireless communication in these scenarios are that the transceivers should be simple, energy efficient, integratable, and short range. Such requirements render these transceivers different from classical modulation based narrow-band communication systems.In this talk, two examples will be discussed. The first part of the talk will focus on Impulse Radio Ultra Wideband (IR-UWB) transmitter and receiver integrated circuit designs. The second part will describe two super regenerative receiver (SRR) integrated circuit design alternatives.


The equations of unsteady aerodynamic forces of the body emerged in fluids were derived from the basic equations of fluid mechanics.The equations were suitable not only for single connected fluid domain around bridge decks but also for multiple connected fluid domains around multiple separated box girders after using the Ostrovski-Gauss formula to change the integral from volume to surface.At the same time, the simplified equations were obtained for the sample rate of flow maps is low.The flow maps around the square cylinder were obtained in the Reynolds number of 22,000 using both numerical simulation and Particle Image Velocimetry which coincide with the results of experiments carried by other researchers.The aerodynamic forces were obtained using the flow map to validate the equations.The results show that it has a good agreement in damping force coefficient but poor in lifting force coefficient.When the equations were simplified to neglect the velocity difference in time, the results agree well.While the equations were simplified further to use only limited velocity data around only one segment, the results differs greatly with the results from original equations.Furthermore, the flow maps around the twin box girders from numerical simulation were also used to validate the equations.The results were the same with that of square cylinder, that is to say, good in damping force coefficient but poor in lifting force coefficient.At last, the reason of such discrepancies was analyzed.


This paper presents the results of design and manufacture of low noise AlGaN/GaN HEMT for L-band. It has NFmin<1.4 dB gain>15 dB at F=1.5 GHz. GaN HEMT has been designed and manufactured in SRI "Pulsar"


Given the number and variety of methods offered for hand printed character recognition, it may very well be that there is no single method that can be called the `best.' Most algorithms either use a collection of properties of the set of pixels belonging to the object, or attempt to measure structural properties of higher level features (e.g., lines) which are composed of object pixels. Unfortunately the degree of variation seen in handprinted characters makes feature properties hard to measure accurately, and complicates the extraction of structural features. What is suggested here is the use of the background areas remaining after the character itself is removed.


Abstract Analysis of losses in power distribution system and techniques to mitigate these are two active areas of research especially in energy scarce countries like Pakistan to increase the availability of power without installing new generation. Since total energy losses account for both technical losses (TL) as well as non-technical losses (NTLs). Utility companies in developing countries are incurring of major financial losses due to non-technical losses. NTLs lead to a series of additional losses, such as damage to the network (infrastructure and the reduction of network reliability) etc. The purpose of this paper is to perform an introductory investigation of non-technical losses in power distribution systems. Additionally, analysis of NTLs using consumer energy consumption data with the help of Linear Regression Analysis has been carried out. This data focuses on the Low Voltage (LV) distribution network, which includes: residential, commercial, agricultural and industrial consumers by using the monthly kWh interval data acquired over a period (one month) of time using smart meters. In this research different prevention techniques are also discussed to prevent illegal use of electricity in the distribution of electrical power system.


Wireless Sensor Network is one of the new technology for monitoring a system that is widespread enough and does not allow data communication through the usual cable network. By utilizing the sensors MQ-2 officers can monitor the Android application already installed on Android phones and in case of land fires, the officer is more efficient to perform extinguishing actions so that the fire is not widespread. Then the system can produce land fire information. The research is aimed at knowing the information of land fires anywhere, using the Waterfall method. The software used is Android Studio, Arduino sketch, Firebase as the database server. The result of the research is a system that makes it easier for firefighters to directly locate.


This report of a 47‐year‐old man documents gastritis cystica polyposa which occurred at a gastroenteric anastomosis, at least 18 years after surgery for peptic ulcer disease. The lesion produced clinical symptoms of obstruction by its large size and prolapse through the anastomosis. It was histologically microcystic and infiltrative, but benign cytologically, and did not recur within 5 years of resection. Similarities to the infiltrative reactive lesion of colon, colitis cystic profunda, are noted.


Various model calculations on the light transport at the ocular fundus are used in the literature either for interpretation of in-vivo reflectance measurements or for the prediction of photocoagulation effects. All these models take into account the absorption spectra of the pigments, known to be located at the eye ground: melanin, hemoglobin, xanthophyll and the receptor pigments. However light scattering inside the single fundus layers has not been investigated in detail and is therefore neglected in the calculations or is only considered by very rough approximations. This paper presents measurements at specimen of retina, retinal pigment epithelium, choroid and sclera using double integrating sphere technique. Absorption coefficients, scattering coefficients, and anisotropy of scattering were calculated by an inverse Monte-Carlo simulation from the measured collimated and diffuse transmittance and diffuse reflectance. Additional goniophotometric measurements were performed to determine the effect of the parallel aligned photoreceptors on the radiation transport. Conclusions are drawn for the interpretation of fundus reflectance measurements, which are a potentially useful tool in diagnostics and photocoagulation dosimetry, and for the calculation of temperature profiles, modelling the effect of coagulation.


Long-term visual objec tracking is an open and challenging research topic. There is still a large gap between the existing research and the actual application requirements. This paper studies the long-term tracking algorithm, draws on the ideas of the TLD framework, and pays more attention to the role of confidence evaluation in long-term tracking. Taking confidence evaluation as an important part of long-term tracking, this paper proposes a tracking-evaluation-based -Learn-detect long-term tracking algorithm. The main work of this paper can be summarized into three aspects: First, an improved fully-correlation filtering re-detection algorithm is proposed. This algorithm can make full use of the output resources of the confidence evaluation model, effectively reduce the calculation amount during re-detection, and improve Detection efficiency. Secondly, the interaction and update strategies of the short-term tracker, confidence evaluation model, and re-detector in the framework are designed. The proposed strategy can effectively reduce the number of re-detections. Combined with the improvement of the short-term tracking model in the previous article, the reset efficiency of the tracker can be effectively improved after the target is lost. Finally, the validity of the framework is tested on the long-term tracking evaluation dataset.


Potato is an important food crop and its seed production has zero tolerance policy for bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. It is a soil-borne pathogen which can limit potato production and cause high yield losses. The prerequisite for the development of wilt resistance is efficient method of evaluation of germplasm against R. solanacearum. In present study, an in-vitro bioassay was developed for screening the potato genotypes for R. solanacearum resistance. The resistance against wilt was checked in wilt resistant and susceptible potato plants. The resistant plants showed resistance to R. solanacearum for a prolonged period as compared to control plants which started wilting after two days of inoculation. The resistance was validated through bacterial count and virulence analysis. The results revealed bacterial count was high in control plants and low in resistant plants. Avirulent colonies were obtained for resistant plants while susceptible (control) plants showed virulent colonies. These results showed that the developed in-vitro bioassay can be used successfully in detecting and evaluating germplasms resistance against R. solanacearum. Therefore, the advantage of this in-vitro method makes it quick, simple and feasible in lab. The method also ensures containment of pathogen avoiding escape and does not provide false positive results. This method will help in identification and screening of large number of germplasm against R. solanacearum and help in future efforts for development of wilt resistant potato varieties.


Objectives: A psychometric scale for assessing cancer‐related worry among cancer patients, called the Brief Cancer‐Related Worry Inventory (BCWI), was developed.


Abstract An effective damage test method based on a marker-based watershed algorithm with gray control (MWGC) is proposed to study the properties of damage induced by near-field laser irradiation for large-aperture laser facilities. Damage tests were performed on fused silica samples and information on the size of damage sites was obtained by this new algorithm, which can effectively suppress the issue of over-segmentation of images resulting from non-uniform illumination in dark-field imaging. Experimental analysis and results show that the lateral damage growth on the exit surface is exponential, and the number of damage sites decreases sharply with damage site size in the damage site distribution statistics. The average damage growth coefficients fitted according to the experimental results for Corning-7980 and Heraeus-Suprasil 312 samples at 351 nm are $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}1.10 \pm 0.31$ and $0.60 \pm 0.09$, respectively.


After one hundred years' experience with a Poor Law little advanced beyond the famous law of Queen Elizabeth, New York adopts a new measure more in accord with the modern trend.


Summary.  The article presents a method to estimate the level of factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate consumption and economic capacity for each of the 110 countries considered in the study. A number of health‐economic indicators were examined and purchasing power parity (PPP) gross national income (GNI) per capita had the strongest correlation with amount of FVIII concentrates sold in a country. Available data on FVIII concentrate consumption and health‐economic indicators were used to calculate index values for FVIII use and economic capacity so each country can assess and compare its level of FVIII concentrate consumption with the economic resources of other countries in the global haemophilia A community. This article is of importance to policy makers, care givers and patient organizations in planning health‐care resources for the treatment of haemophilia.


Introduction Bipolar disorder is a common psychiatric illness affecting approximately 1.5-3% of the general population. It is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, and represents a significant public health problem [1]. Although the specific neurobiological basis underlying this disorder is unclear, increasing evidence suggests that abnormalities in white matter integrity may play an important role in the psychopathology of bipolar disorder [2, 3]. Despite these advances, little is known about alterations of the topological organization of whole-brain white matter structural networks in bipolar patients. Here, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and graph-theory methods to investigate the architecture of the white matter structural networks in bipolar disorder. We hypothesized that patients with bipolar disorder would show disrupted topological organization of white matter structural networks. Materials and Methods Subjects: Eighteen patients with bipolar disorder (six males; mean age 28.5±11.1 years) and sixteen healthy controls (four males; mean age 29.9±9.2 years) participated in this study. Image acquisition: DTI scans were performed by a GE Signa 1.5T scanner with the following parameters: TR/TE: 12,000/96 ms; NEX: 5; matrix: 128×128 zero-filled to 256×256; FOV: 24 cm×24 cm; slice thickness: 4 mm without gap; 13 non-collinear gradient encoding directions with b=1000 s/mm. Network node: Ninety node regions were defined in DTI native space using by the anatomical automatic labeling template, for details see [4]. DTI tractography and Network edge: Deterministic tractography was performed in each subject to reconstruct whole-brain neural fiber tract connectivity. Two regions were considered structurally connected if at last three fibers with two endpoints were located in these two regions. We defined the fiber number (FN) of the connected fibers between two regions as the weights of the network edges. As a result, a symmetric 90×90 FN-weighted white matter structural network was constructed for each participant. Network analysis: We calculated the following network measures [5]: network strength (Sp), global efficiency (Eglob), local efficiency (Eloc), absolute (Cp) and normalized clustering coefficient (γ), absolute (Lp) and normalized shortest path length (λ) and small-worldness (σ). For regional nodal characteristics, we used the nodal efficiency. To localize specific pairs of brain regions in which structural connectivity were disrupted in bipolar patients, we employed network-based statistic (NBS) approach [6]. Statistical analysis: Two-sample t-test was performed to evaluate the topological differences between the two groups. Results Both of the bipolar patients and control subjects showed a small-world organization of white matter structural networks, as expressed by γ>1 (4.64±0.30 for controls and 4.69±0.29 for patients) and λ≈1 (1.23±0.05 for controls and 1.27±0.05 for patients) (i.e., σ>1; 3.77±0.25 for controls and 3.71±0.25 for patients). However, bipolar patients have significantly decreased Sp (p=0.038), decreased Eglob (p=0.013) and increased Lp (p=0.006) as compared to controls. Both groups shared similar hub distributions, mainly located in the medial fronto-parietal cortex (Fig 1). However, bipolar patients had reduced efficiencies in several parietal (right inferior parietal lobe and angular gyrus), temporal (left inferior, middle, and superior temporal gyrus and temporal lobe), frontal (left orbital part of middle frontal gyrus), occipital (left middle and inferior occipital gyrus) and limbic (right median and posterior cingulated gyrus) regions (all p<0.05, uncorrected; Fig 2). NBS found that a sub-network was significantly impaired in bipolar patients (p<0.05, corrected; Fig 3). As shown in Fig 3, the connections in this sub-network are primarily involved in the prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex and limbic system. Discussion In this study, we used network analysis methods to investigate the architecture of the white matter networks in the patients with bipolar disorder. We found disrupted topological organization of the white matter structural networks in bipolar patients. These findings may improve our understanding of the potential mechanisms of the underlying neurobiological basis of bipolar disorder. Acknowledgements This work is supported by grants from National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Grant No. 2011CB707802, and Natural Science Foundation of China (20921004). References [1] Angst J, J Affect Disord, 50: 143-151, 1998. [2] Mahon K et al., Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 34: 533-554, 2010. [3] Lin F et al., Affect Disord, 131: 299-306, 2011. [4] Gong G et al., Cereb Cortex, 19: 524-536, 2009. [5] Rubinov M et al., Neuroimage, 52: 1059-1069, 2009. [6] Zalesky A et al., Neuroimage, 53: 1197-1207, 2010.


Multilingualism has been an important element in the history of Trieste, a prosperous seaport with a lively cultural scene, situated at the crossroads of Germanic, Latin and Slavic cultures. The mash of various influences on this small area of great cultural differences is pictured in the novels by probably the best Istrian author Fulvio Tomizza (an Italian who was born near Umago and moved thirty kilometers up north to spend the greatest part of his life in Trieste), and his younger contemporary Marko Sosic, a writer and theatre director, who is one of the most notable representatives of the Slovene community in Italy. They both write their novels against the backdrop of ethnic and linguistic otherness, extensively exploring both the multilingual situation of their environment and the individual histories of characters displaced and uprooted for various reasons. Sosic uses different linguistic varieties in his novel Ballerina, ballerina, with the intention of depicting a specific multilingual situation of the Slovene community in Italy.


Maps are very useful in providing a picture of the location of vegetation types, but mapping as a method for determining type areas may be inadequate or costly. The measurement of vegetation type areas by means of line surveys is discussed in the following article, and the method is tested in connection with detailed studies on plots. The results indicate that the method has important advantages over mapping. The occurrence of distinctive growth-form variation among native tree species is a matter of frequent observation. Study of such variation offers the possibility of selecting promising types for the genetic improvement of tree planting stock. In the case of black locust (Robinia pseudoa- cacia L.), variation in growth-form is a notable character.


AIM:To investigate NIH3T3 cell proliferation and cell cycle in the condition of hypoxia or low nutrition and its response to bFGF,and to explore the pathophysiological changes of fibroblast under hypoxic or low nutrional conditions.METHODS:The cells were placed in anaerobic workstation where the mixture gas was given to simulate hypoxic environment.Partial oxygen pressure(PO2)of medium was controlled in 27 mmHg,44 mmHg and 175mmHg.NIH3T3 cells were cultured with low nutritional medium contained new bovine serum(NCS)less than 10% to simulate low nutritional environment.MTT assay was used for observing cell activity and flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis.RESULTS:Under 44 mmHg PO2,no obvious difference was shown between hypoxia group and normal group.Under 27 mmHg PO2,the proliferation activity of NIH3T3 cells was significantly lower than that in normal group(P0.01),as well as the cell numbers in G0-G1 phase increased(P0.05),S phase decreased(P0.01).bFGF had no effect on cell proliferation.In 0.5% NCS medium,the NIH3T3 cell proliferation speed decreased(P0.01)and cell cycle was arrested at G0-G1(P0.01).The proliferation speed was improved by bFGF(P0.01).CONCLUSION:In lower PO2 or lower nutrinal condition,fibroblast proliferation activity is inhibited by cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase.However the decreasing proliferation in low nutritional medium could be improved by external bFGF.


Cheese is one of the most popular dairy products in Egypt. It supplies the body with protein, fat, vitamins and minerals. Cheese may be exposed to bacterial contamination during manufacture, distribution and/or storage. This study was undertaken to investigate the bacteriological status of different cheese types marketed in Zagazig city, Egypt. The obtained results showed that Roumy cheese had the highest total mesophilic and psychrophilic counts followed by white, soft and cheddar cheese types. Furthermore, the coliforms count and prevalence of different serotypes of E. coli in cheese samples were detected. In addition, the expression of shiga-toxin producing genes (stx1 & stx2) in the identified E. coli serotypes was screened using multiplex PCR. The obtained results revealed that only E. coli O127:H6 had expressed both stx1 & stx2 toxin producing genes, while E. coli O111:H4 had expressed only stx1 gene, however, both E. coli O124: H and O55:H7 had expressed stx2 gene. The public health importance of shiga-toxin producing E. coli was detected.


The objectives of the research are to describe: 1) the sources and types of conflict ; 2) the conflicts' management ; and 3) the supporting and inhibiting factors in conflict management of regrouped school at State Elementary School Pucangsawit Surakarta. The type of the research is qualitative with naturalistic design. The research was undertaken at State Elementary School Pucangsawit Surakarta. The results are 1) the conflict sources at State Elementary School Pucangsawit Surakarta  can be classified into two types of sources, namely the teachers and parents. The conflict types emerged at the form of inter-individual conflict among teachers from the regrouped schools, the conflict in school naming, conflict related to professional tasks and teachers' administration, and conflict related to students' administration; 2 ) the conflict management at State Elementary School Pucangsawit Surakarta were done through planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. The conflict resolution referring to schools' rivalry is done by applying fair and positive competition ; and 3) the supporting factors in conflict management are the government support and schools' stakeholder's awareness. The inhibiting factors cover the self ego that remains existed in some teachers and parents from both of the schools regrouped .


Much attention has been dedicated to how digital platforms change the nature of modern conflict. However, less has been paid to how the changes in the nature of warfare affect everyday lives. This article examines how digital mediation allows a convergence of the domestic environment and the battlefield by offering new ways for participation in warfare. It contributes to the discussion of how new participatory affordances change the nature of conflicts and whether they empower users or offer institutional actors more control over users. To this end, this research explores the transformation of domestic spaces, mediated via memes, as digital artefacts of participatory culture (see Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century, 2009, by Henry Jenkins). Building on the notion of domestication (see Domesticating the Revolution: Information and Communication Technologies and Everyday Life, 1993, by Roger Silverstone), the article conducts a discursive analysis of memes referring to the notion of 'sofa warfare' – an ironic description of internet users taking part in conflict without leaving their own sofas – in the context of the Russia–Ukraine conflict.


Newly developed, web-based, open-repository concepts, such as community-augmented meta-analysis (CAMA), provide open access to fulfill the needs for transparency and timeliness of synthesized evidence. The main idea of CAMA is to keep meta-analyses up-to-date by allowing the research community to include new evidence continuously. In 2021, the Leibniz Institute for Psychology released a platform, PsychOpen CAMA, which serves as a publication format for CAMAs in all fields of psychology. The present work serves as a tutorial on implementing and using a CAMA in PsychOpen CAMA from a data-provider perspective, using six large-scale meta-analytic data sets on the dark triad of personality as a working example. First, the processes of data contribution and implementation of either new or updated existing data sets are summarized. Furthermore, a step-by-step tutorial on using and interpreting CAMAs guides the reader through the web application. Finally, the tutorial outlines the major benefits and the remaining challenges of CAMAs in PsychOpen CAMA.


Objective The reliable measurement of glomerular filtration rate(GFR) is of great importance in clinical practice and research.The usage of radionuclides has offered an alternative method of estimating GFR that avoids some of the practical disadvantages of inulin clearance.But radioisotopic method has the disadvantage of precautions being required in handling and disposing of radioactive materials and is also expensive.To circumvent the practical difficulties of formal measurement of clearance,several prediction formulas have been published.The most common usage in children and adolescents is the Schwartz formula based on the serum creatinine level.The aim of this study was to identify an adequate measurement of GFR in pediatric clinical practice.Methods Children with chronic kidney disease from Children′s Hospital of Fudan University from April 2002 to December 2006 were collected.99Tcm-DTPA clearance(mGFR) was measured as GFR marker in patients with different kidney disease.At the same time estimated GFR(eGFR) was calculated via the equation developed from Schwartz formula according to serum creatinine level.eGFRs were compared with measured GFRs.The agreements between them were evaluated by B kappa statistics.The precision was evaluated by R2 from linear regression.The accuracy was measured by the percentage of GFR estimate within ±30%of the measured GFR(P30).Results 170 patients with CKD(100 boys and 70 girls) were enrolled into the study.The mGFR was(73.3±26.8) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2.The eGFR from Schwartz formula was(74.2 ±27.9) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2.Pearson correlation analysis showed good correlation between mGFR and eGFR(r=0.871,P 0.05).The concordance study using the Bland-Altman method showed that there was better consistency between eGFR and mGFR in CKD stage 1 to stage 2 than that in CKD stage 3 to stage 5.The over estimate of the Schwartz formula increased with GFR decreasing.Conclusions Compared with the reference standard,the Schwartz formula shows a certain degree of accuracy.In non-examination condition situation,the Schwartz formula is suitable for estimating GFR of children and adolescents.The formula remains useful for following changes of renal function in patients.


The air basin between the Mississippi River and the bluff in Illinois is of particular interest for this report. The autumnal temperature profiles were measured by a wiresonde. Each day through September and October had an inversion at dawn and/or dusk. During the entire three months, inversions 5° or more occurred at dawn 64% of the mornings, those 10° or more occurred 45% of the mornings; and those 15° occurred 23% of the mornings. Under intense inversions, the topography holds cool air in the basin like water in a saucer, and currents within this 200-ft air layer comprise a quasi-closed circulation system. A frequent pattern of air circulation involves a northwestward surface drift in the basin, with a southwest wind aloft and an updraft over St. Louis. This forms a horizontal semi-vortex along the river, concentrating the heavier particulates near East St. Louis and Granite City. Multiple evidence showed this pattern to exist one morning among four. Business interests would use the basin for industria...


The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare two forms of treatment for inactivation of MTrPs: laser therapy and dry needling. This study included 17 females and 1 male patients with active myofascial trigger points of masseter muscle of ages ranged from 18 to 42 years with an average of 30 years divided into 2 equal groups, in the 1st group the MTrPs received application of low level laser (diode laser of wavelength 980 nanometers, power 0.2 watt, total energy 12 joule and exposure time 50 seconds) while in the 2nd group the MTrPs underwent dry needling. Both groups underwent 3 treatment sessions a week for 4 weeks; each session took 50 seconds and were assessed for the pain intensity at rest, on function and on palpation [PP] measured by NRS and the painless MMO. All were measured prior to the treatment, at the end of 2- weeks (mid-treatment), at the end of 4- weeks (end of treatment), and monthly after completion of treatment for 3months. The results of the present study demonstrated that all evaluated parameters showed insignificant differences between both groups throughout the study intervals. However, laser group showed statistically significantly higher mean % decrease in pain scores at rest at the end of treatment than dry needling group. While at the end of the study, dry needling group showed statistically significantly higher mean % decrease in pain scores on function than Laser group. At the end of treatment, laser group showed statistically significant analgesic effect of LLLT. With the exception of statistically significant decrease in mean PP scores, dry needling group showed insignificant decrease in pain intensity at the end of treatment. There was no statistically significant change in mean MMO through all periods in both groups. By the end of the study, all the evaluated parameters showed insignificant difference relative to the baseline with the exception of the significant decrease in mean PP scores in dry needling group.


The purpose of the present paper is twofold. On the one hand, we review some recent studies on the low-temperature strong-field thermodynamic properties of frustrated quantum spin antiferromagnets which admit the so-called localized-magnon eigenstates. On the other hand, we provide some complementary new results. We focus on the linear independence of the localized-magnon states, the estimation of their degeneracy with the help of auxiliary classical lattice-gas models, and the analysis of the contribution of these states to thermodynamics.


The present research was undertaken to assess the effects of different components of parental involvement on the academic achievement of eighth graders. Four components of parental involvement cons...