Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose a formidable challenge to emergency medical services by overwhelming available resources and personnel. Effective victim assessment is paramount to minimizing casualties during such a crisis. In this paper, we introduce ARTEMIS, an AI-driven Robotic Triage Labeling and Emergency Medical Information System. This system comprises a deep learning model for acuity labeling that is integrated with a robot, that performs the preliminary assessment of injury severity in patients and assigns appropriate triage labels. Additionally, we have developed a frontend (graphical user interface) that is updated by the robots in real time and is accessible to the first responders. To validate the reliability of our proposed algorithmic triage protocol, we employed an off-the-shelf robot kit equipped with sensors for vital sign acquisition. A controlled laboratory simulation of an MCI was conducted to assess the system's performance and effectiveness in real-world scenarios resulting in a triage-level classification accuracy of 92%. This noteworthy achievement underscores the model's proficiency in discerning crucial patterns for accurate triage classification, showcasing its promising potential in healthcare applications.


Device comprising an implant (5, 13) and / or a unit (9), eg a spacer sleeve, belonging to said implant, which or which are intended to extend through a hole (4 ') formed in the maxilla (2) and through belonging to jaw soft tissue (3), the device one or more layers of titanium dioxide applied on at least one outer surface of the implant and / or unit I comprising, wherein each layer comprises crystalline titanium dioxide in the anatase phase in a proportion of 70 to 100%.


A dermoid cyst may be defined as a heterotopic tumor, containing the products of epithelial proliferation, fat, hair, teeth, cholesterin, bone, etc. They were first described by Lebert in 1852, who applied the term "dermoid" to all cysts lined by a cyst wall resembling in structure that of the external skin. These cysts are found in nearly all parts of the body, the ovaries, testicle, orbit, floor of the mouth, brain, eye, lungs, anterior mediastinum and mesentery. They occur, however, far more frequently in the ovary. In 188 cases of dermoid cysts collected by Lebert, the ovary was found to be the seat of the tumor in 129 cases, being nearly 70 per cent, of the entire number recorded. According to Senn the wall of a dermoid cyst is composed of connective tissue, its inner surface is often smooth resembling a serous surface, but microscopic examination always reveals an epithelial


The issue in social media Indonesia about the COVID-19 vaccine is unsafe to use caused concerns among the public. This issue has become a topic of discussion and contention. This work aims to conduct sentiment analysis on the COVID-19 vaccine issues in Indonesia using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) variant and traditional machine learning. Data collection is obtained using Tweet's data crawling from the Twitter API. Traditional Machine Learning Methods are used to make a comparison. Compared to other algorithms, the Support Vector Machine has the greatest accuracy, precision, and recall, with an RMSE value of 0.117. We tested types of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) algorithms using LSTM approach such as simple RNN, Bidirectional LSTM, and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). LSTM, BLSTM, and GRU have the same good performance with 91% Accuracy, 91% Recall, 91% Precision, and 0.085 RMSE. Dataset comparisons are also performed for each method. As a result, when more datasets are utilized, good results are produced. Furthermore, the World cloud Tweet reveals that the word "sehat" frequently appears in positive sentiment, whereas the word "daftar" frequently appears in negative sentiment.


In logistics, different kinds of overlay systems are used to solve problems in processing and handling massively distributed information. One of the major challenges is to build overlay systems with effective routing mechanisms working efficiently in dynamically changing distributed environments, like a supply chain. Therefore, scalable and flexible information dissemination solutions are considered crucial. This article presents overlay networks, particularly Peer-to-Peer systems, as carriers of electronic data interchange in the growing global e-marketplace. Here, novel algorithms are utilized to build/relinquish connections among nodes of a supply network, as well as perform supply chain operations according to the SCOR reference model autonomously. The ultimate goal of doing so is to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) among nodes in a supply chain, especially in relation to the customer, since all modern supply chains are customer oriented. These algorithms can be used to facilitate decision making in supply chain management. In this article the necessary design decisions for the implementation of coordinated autonomous systems as cornerstones of a logistics platform for future e-marketplaces are discussed.


The German Benedictine abbess, St. Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) was named a mystic in the European Middle Ages. She had her mystical visions when she was a child. Around forty-three, she started to write her first theological book, Scivias. Pope Eugenius III (1145-1153) acknowledged her mystical visions, and supported her to talk about them publically and to write them down. "Gazing" and "Hearing" were for St. Hildegard von Bingen the paths toward Holiness. She believed that human beings possess bodily eyes as well as "eyes of the soul" (Inner eyes). In her experience of mystical visions, the "inner eyes" were especially needed to comprehend the mystery of Faith. The "inner eyes" were the prominent element to guide human beings beyond their bodily feeling, and to be connected with God. In the twenty-six visions of Scivias the prophetic call to St. Hildegard von Bingen is documented, described and painted. The book was finished between 1141 and 1151 and is highly-valued, because it was her first book and the foundation of her other theological works. It presents Hildegard's understanding of the Bible and her role as a transmitter of the grace and redemption of God seen through her mystical visions and description of them. This paper focuses on the first three mystical visions in the first part of Scivias and explores her mystical experience and the hierophony which she perceived through "gazing".


Light distribution in a standard scintillation camera is a complex process. The photons come across many different optical materials and many types of specular and rough optical surfaces. Complexity is further added to the model when the spatial and angular sensitivities of the detection components--the photomultipliers--are considered. To be able to correctly predict the PSF of a gamma camera, we developed a Monte-Carlo ray-tracing model which was subsequently compared to data measured on an existing gamma camera head (PRISM 3000 from Picker International Inc.). The experimental configuration was first replicated: geometry, optical properties of the crystal, light guide, photomultiplier tube window and photocathode, index matching fluid and gamma ray energy. Several other parameters, such as back mirror reflectivity and border reflectivity, were the optimized. Finally an a posteriori modelization of the scattered refracted and reflected fields at the rough interface between the crystal and the light guide was obtained by fitting simulation results to experimental data.


(57) ABSTRACT An approach is provided for a method that minimizes strobo scopic effects in PWM driven lighting, which comprises acts of generating at least two enabling signals that drive at least one corresponding lamp, adjusting widths of pulses of each enabling signal corresponding to specific timestamps by a predetermined rule, and forming an overall brightness output in response to the Superposition of the enabling signals. Each enabling signal is synchronized to an input power of the lamp. The method of the present invention makes light from lamps using multiple phases that significantly minimize strobo scopic effect.


Executive Summary. Uruguay has been at the forefront of Latin America in the reform the financial system, making the first remarkable liberalization effort in 1974. This effort involved the elimination of interest rate controls, credit constraints and the development of market–oriented policies. In spite of the fact that markets were relatively free and open, private bonds and equities remained irrelevant in the local market, and firms resorted to self financing or banking loans. The outcome has been an underdeveloped bonds market. To understand the real determinants of this situation in order to find the most efficient policy measures to remove the growth restrictions became even more relevant after last systemic banking crisis of 2002. The purpose of this work is to analyze the level of development of the Uruguayan capital markets and their present determinants in order to make policy recommendations that will promote bond made development. The main hypothesis that will be tested is that the Uruguayan bond market shows financial fragilities and that the legal and institutional framework must be stronger in order to develop the capital market. The methodology developed to evaluate this hypothesis will be the construction of two indicators: the Financial Fragility Index (FFI) and the Legal and Institutional Framework Index (LIFI). By crossing both indicators it is possible to identify different «development zones» for bond market classification. It would be, also, a methodological contribution to evaluate the bond market from a more comprehensive perspective. The main results show that even though the Uruguayan bond market has improved its situation over the last ten years it still remains in the underdevelopment zone. New market instruments and structure, the changes in the legal system including a new bankruptcy law as well as the regional integration should be key issues in the seek of bond market development.


In view of the relevance of the reactivity of inert tetraamine Co(III) complexes having two substitutionally active cis positions capable of interact with biologically relevant ligands, the study of the reaction of cis-[Co(cyclen)(H2O)2](3+) and [Co(tren)(H2O)2](3+) with chlorides, inorganic phosphate and 5'-CMP (5'-cytidinemonophosphate) has been pursued at physiological pH. The results indicate that, in addition to the actuation of the expected labilising conjugate-base mechanism, the formation of mono and inert bis hydroxo-bridged species is relevant for understanding their speciation and reactivity. The reactivity pattern observed also indicates the key role played by the "innocent" buffers frequently used in most in vitro studies, which can make the results unreliable in many cases. The differences between the reactivity of inorganic and biologically relevant phosphates has also been found to be remarkable, with outer-sphere hydrogen bonding interactions being a dominant factor for the process. While for the inorganic phosphate substitution process the formation of μ-η(2)-OPO2O represents the termination of the reactivity monitored, for 5'-CMP only the formation of η(1)-OPO3 species is observed, which evolve with time to the final dead-end bis hydroxo-bridged complexes. The promoted hydrolysis of the 5'-CMP phosphate has not been observed in any of the processes studied.


To obtain the attitude of spacecraft by a large field of view CCD system is not an unachievable task. The principal aim of this paper is to research the accuracy of spacecraft's attitude by shooting stars with the large field of view CCD system on the ground. In this paper, the quadrilateral algorithm model and an algorithm of data fusion from a set of real images, are given. The experimental results show that it is feasible to calculate the attitude of spacecraft by the quadrilateral model and the data fusion algorithm.


The commenter claims that M.E. El-Shandwily (see ibid., vol.30, no.4, p.577-82, Nov. 1988) made four mistakes in obtaining his results, namely the belief that Dirac's delta function integrated from zero to infinity has a defined value, the attempt to derive solutions of a system of partial differential equations interpreted for distributions without a method that is known to yield uniform convergence, to disregard for the fact that Maxwell's equations are a mathematical model of physical phenomena, and the belief that the need to modify Maxwell's equations is a topic for serious scientific discussion. >


In recent years,the development of rural economy tends to slow down.Thus the problem of rural economy development security deserves much attention.Developing rural economy is the most important part of building a well-off society in a all-round way.The system of rural economy development security must be established to guarantee the stable,healthy and sustainable development of the economy in the rural areas.


INTRODUCTION Very high resolution MRI of the retina in animal models has been reported. Anatomical laminar resolution [1, 2], relaxation and diffusion time constants [3], and blood flow MRI [4], BOLD fMRI of physiological [1] and visual stimuli [5] have been reported in animal models. Similar applications in the human retina remain challenging because the eye is near air-tissue interface, high spatial resolution is needed to image the thin retina, gradients are less powerful on the clinical MRI scanners than those on the animal scanners, and there is potential eye movement. In this study, we explored the feasibility of performing BOLD fMRI associated with oxygen and carbogen (5%CO2, 95% O2) challenge in normal human retina. BOLD fMRI utilized an Inversion-Recovery, PRinciples of Echo Shifting using a Train of Observations (IR-PRESTO) pulse sequence. Inversion recovery contrast was used to suppress vitreous signal to minimize partial volume effect. PRESTO was used to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution to minimize image distortion and signal drop out in the region of high magnetic susceptibility of the eye. Stable eye fixation on a target with cued eye blinks was utilized to avoid eye movement.


An orbit transfer mission concept has been studied for a Space-Based Radar (SBR) where 40 kW required for radar operation is assumed available for orbit transfer propulsion. Arcjet, pulsed electrothermal (PET), ion, and storable chemical systems are considered for the primary propulsion. Transferring two SBR per shuttle flight to 1112 km/60 deg using eiectrical propulsion systems offers an increased payload at the expense of increased trip time, up to 2000 kg each, which may be critical for survivability. Trade offs between payload mass, transfer time, launch site, inclination, and height of parking orbits are presented.


of hippicampal pathology in temporal lobe epilepsy, i.e. the abnormal tissues extirpated. This landmark work indicates the extensive abnormalities appearing in the dendrites of the involved neurons, and of the glia, confirming, in man, findings previously shown in certain experimental models of epileptogenic foci. These suggest an ongoing, repeated, progressive process in such epileptic brains and open up new areas of thought and possibilities for research. Jann Brown then gives his descriptions of structural substrates of seizure foci in the removed human temporal lobes of this series, utilizing optical, microscopic, and ultrastructural techniques. The distribution of lesions, with over 50% mesial temporal sclerosis and 24% hamartoma is confirmatory of the work of Falconer and his group, in London. The ultrastructural studies of hippocampus show interesting lesions of both dendrites, and axonal structures. Throughout this work there is the "shade" of John Fulton, the eminent Yale neurophysiologist, who first designated the form of temporal lobe epilepsy as really "limbic," in 1953. The book is beautifully published, with excellent figures and extensive reference lists after each section. It should be read by all interested in, and concerned with, the major problem of epilepsy in man. Not everyone will agree with everything, but this is a stimulating volume, and a measure of clear progress, giving us a distinct look into the future.


Tests were carried out using a pin-on-disc tester under starved lubrication conditions. To achieve a conformal contact, a special construction was used with an adjustable counter sample. Textured surfaces with two dimple patterns (spiral an radial) and four shapes (circle, oval, triangle, and chevron) were tested. The contact area was lubricated with L-AN-46 oil. Before the tests, surface topographies of the discs were measured by a white light interferometer Talysurf CCI Lite. Tests showed that, in starved lubrication conditions, oil pocket shape and pattern affected the friction force.


We introduce a novel framework for interpreting Deep Neural Networks (DNN) classification decisions that constructs a dependency graph between the relevant neurons across the network to enhance the understanding of the interactions between DNN's internal features. For instance, class-specific dependency graphs share subgraphs across 10 classes, which can cluster the classes into semantically related groups. We propose to use these subgraphs to identify partially-distributed representations. Further, a class-specific dependency graph can compress a suboptimal DNN in half into a binary classifier for that class. Our work enables the building of more sophisticated techniques that are capable of translating blackbox DNNs into interpretable decision trees. Such capabilities would empower DNN developers to address incorrect predictions through informed architectural and design choices.


Piled raft foundations are a common type of foundation for high-rise buildings. Unlike shallow foundations, deep foundations (piles) pass through weak or soft soil deposits and can reach stiff soil or bedrock to support the weight of the structure. In this paper, the performance of a medium embedment depth piled raft foundation in soft soil is presented. A numerical model was developed and a parametric study was conducted in order to simulate the case of such a foundation system and to investigate its performance in soft clay. This parametric study investigated the effect of the geometry of a piled raft foundation and the stiffness ratio between the pile material and clay on the performance of the foundation system in soft soil. Additionally, the failure mechanism of such a foundation system under load was examined. An analytical model was developed to predict the ultimate carrying capacity based on the observed failure mechanism. A semi-empirical model is proposed for determining the Improvement Factor (IF) of a given soil, pile, and geometric condition. Findings of the study indicate that the performance of piled raft foundations on soft soils is significantly affected by the piles' spacing. As the ratio S/D increases, the ultimate carrying capacity of a piled raft foundation decreases. However, when this ratio exceeds 10 (S/D> 10), piles have little or no effect on the ultimate carrying capacity of this foundation system. A piled raft foundation system fails by bearing at the base of the piles and also by shear at the side of the pile group on hyperbolic plans. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-01 Full Text: PDF


Abstract Let be σ Galois automorphism of a number field E. We determine the cuspidal representations π of GL2 ( ) such that σ(π) ⋍ π ⊗ ω for some Hecke character ω. Our result is applied to extend the descent criterion of the base change theorem for GL(2) from cyclic extensions of prime degree to arbitrary cyclic extensions.


Person‐centred planning includes the active social participation of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and is the fairest path towards assuring human rights and citizenship among people with IDD. Semi‐structured interviews were undertaken with four technicians from centres of activities in Portugal, four family members, and four adults with IDD to observe the best practices that facilitate/hinder the implementation of person‐centred interventions. Several discrepancies were identified regarding inclusive practices in centres of activities and capacity building, associated with the sense of mission, vision and perspective of technical structures, the bureaucratic weight that conditions the transition between intervention models, the participation and positioning of families regarding their representation of the centres, as well as the investment these centres make concerning effective and fair inclusion in surrounding communities. Still far from successful implementation, a person‐centred approach must be considered and include all participants' perspectives to build robust and integral life projects.


Based on the theory that the distribution and total amount of X-ray coherent scattering of montmorillonite's structural unit in the diffraction space are invaried and the character that the layer charge density and cation exchange capacity of one unit of montmorillonite are unique in certain bentonite, three methods for the quantitative analysis of momontrie contents were proposed, e.g. cation exchange capacity/layer charge density method, cation exchange capacity method and X ray diffraction Rietveld analysis. The montmorillonite contents in 10 types of bentonites with different producing area, mineral content and properties were determined by using those methods. It is indicated that the results so obtained were in good consistency with each other within the range of 3% and had consistent correlations.


One-pot three-component condensation of isatoic anhy- dride with primary amines or ammonium carbonate and aromatic al- dehydes in refluxing ethanol in the presence of catalytic amounts of silica sulfuric acid afforded the corresponding 2,3-dihydroquinazo- lin-4(1H)-ones in high yields. The catalyst is reusable and can be applied several times without any decrease in product yield.


Objective To study the service condition of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of pediatric acute upper respiratory tract infection and promote the clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods 352 cases of pediatric hospital and clinic staying children with acute upper respiratory tract infection were extracted,statistical analyzed the use of antimicrobial drug. Results The utilization rate of antimicrobial drugs was amounted to 87.3%,cephalosporins drugs utilization rate was highest,followed by the macrolides. Conclusion The treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in the author's hospital exist the problems,such as frequency error of give medicine,etiology inspection rate is low,and other no rational drug use situations.


Epigenetic modulations orchestrate with extracellular environmental cues to determine the spatial and temporal expression of key regulators in neural stem/progenitor cells to control their proliferation, fate specification, and differentiation. Here, Yao and Jin review the latest in our knowledge of epigenetic regulation in neurogenesis and offer a perspective for future studies.


Objective To investigate the distribution and resistance to antibiotics of patients of community acquired pneumonia with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Methods Bacteria isolates and their resistance to antibiotics was taken on sputum spemcimen from seventy patients of community acquired pneumonia with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Results 85 strains were identified from 140 sputum spemcimen : 55.3% was Gram-negative bacilli,44.7% Gram-positive cocci,the outstanding pathogens are Pseudomonas aeruginosa(21.2%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae(16.5%),The results revealed that Gram-negative bacilli decreased susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins,but were sensitive to imipenem,and in somewhat lesser extent to Ceftazidime,cefoperazone-sulbactam.Gram-positive cocci showed high resistance to penicillin while found no resistance to vancomycin.Conclusion The main isolated pathogens from aged patients of community acquired pneumonia with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are Gram-negative bacilli,and antimicrobial resistance is very common.


This article argues that the increased competition and uncertainties faced by corporations and countries as a result of the globalisation and volatility of world trade in the first decade of this century have resulted in new collaborative relationships in international logistics. Evidence, largely from Canada, identifies shifts in corporate relationships. The changes are consistent with expectations derived from Williamson's economics of governance. Relationships between negotiating firms involve greater collaboration to enhance mutual gains in face of more dynamic and uncertain conditions.


Case report A 65-year-old man received radiotherapy and underwent a distal oesophagectomy for adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus in July, 1980. At operation, carcinomatous involvement of the paraoesophageal nodes was found. He remained well until late in 1982, when he again presented to the Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, because of hoarseness of the voice. On a laryngoscopic examination, paresis of the right vocal cord was found. Barium swallow X-ray examination and computerized tomographic (CT) body scan showed no evidence of recurrent tumour and no obvious cause for the recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. The patient also complained of neck pain and stiffness for which he received simple analgesic agents and physiotherapy. He was discharged from hospital and was followed up by his general practitioner. His past medical history included a war injury in which he had sustained a fracture of the occipital bone, and blindness from which he had partially recovered. He also had undergone an above-knee amputation of the right leg. In 1978, he had undergone an aortofemoral bypass graft and bilateral sympathectomy for vascular disease. He had been attended by his general practitioner for increasing cervical pain and stiffness which was diagnosed as cervical arthritis, and was thought to be a long-term effect of his right leg prosthesis. On March 25, 1983, he slipped and fell flat onto his back, his neck striking a footrest bar. He complained of neck pain and mild weakness of the arms and was admitted to a local hospital, where, after a rest in bed over the ensuing three days, these symptoms had diminished. Plain X-ray films of the neck showed a compression fracture of the C5 vertebral body. On March 31, 1983, he complained of pain in the neck and increasing weakness of his arms and legs. He developed urinary retention without bladder sensation, which necessitated catheterization. On examination, he was found to have diminished light touch sensation below C617; reflexes were absent both in the upper and in the lower limbs. Over the next two days, his limb weakness and sensory disturbance progressed. By April 2, he had a complete flaccid tetra paresis below C4 and complete sensory loss below C4 on the right, and below C5 on the left. He was transferred to the Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital and, from there, to the spinal injuries unit. He remained tetraplegic. His ventilatory function was poor; only diaphragmatic movement


UPd$_3$ is known to exhibit four antiferroquadrupolar ordered phases at low temperatures. We report measurements of the magnetisation and magnetostriction of single crystal UPd$_3$, along the principal symmetry directions, in fields up to 33 T. These results have been combined with recent inelastic neutron and x-ray resonant scattering measurements to construct a mean field model of UPd$_3$ including up to fourth nearest neighbour interactions. In particular we find that anisotropic quadrupolar interactions must be included in order to explain the low temperature structures derived from the scattering data.


Zanca et al. show that heterogeneous expression of the wild-type EGFR receptor and its constitutively active mutant form, EGFRvIII, limits sensitivity to EGFR-directed therapies through an interclonal communication mechanism mediated by IL-6 cytokine secreted from EGFRvIII-positive tumor cells.


The General Practitioner has a great responsibility to implement lifestyle changes in his patient population to
combat the hostile environment that modern society created for the maintenance of health.This is especially true in the case of coronary heart disease (CHD). Research evidence
now lends strong support to the view that CHD is largely preventable by eliminating or modification of risk factors. Our intention is to shed some light on the cholesterol controversy referring to two well-conducted studies by Dean Ornish and Michel de Lorgeril. They found that relatively simple lifestyle and dietary changes achieved greater reductions in risk of all-cause and CHD mortality in secondary prevention trials than any of the cholesterol lowering studies to date. The Family Physician is in the ideal
position to motivate his/her patient to take control and to implement a multifactorial approach for lifestyle counselling and risk modification.


17 O and 63 Cu NMR results obtained in three single crystals of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6+x , YBa 1.92 Sr 0.08 Cu 3 O 7 (T c =89 K) which is overdoped, and YBa 1.93 Sr 0.07 Cu 3 O 6.92 (T c =91 K) and YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6.52 (T c =59 K) which are underdoped, show that the static spin susceptibility and (T 1 T) -1 for Cu(2) and O(2,3) have completely different temperature dependence according to the regime and irrespective of T c .The principal characteristic of the underdoped regime is the opening of a pseudogap in the magnetic excitations well above T c ,supporting the phase diagram based on the spin-charge separation.The contribution of the antiferromagnetic fluctuations at the O(2,3)sites have been observed in YBa 1.92 Sr 0.08 Cu 3 O 7 ,in good agreement with the inelastic-neutron scattering results.


Business correspondence English which sets,maintains and betters the interpersonal relationship,is the most popular specific language in international trade.This article aims to play a role in business correspondence communication by combing the constructing methods of the interpersonal function from the aspects of lexicon,grammar and sentence pattern.


The article is devoted to agrarian problems of Russia in the late 19 early 20 centuries, which were the subject of discussion in the pages of the general political press. Author makes the conclusion about the considerable interest shown by society to this problem.


Chart shows occupations and pay by sex and income by family.
Title from LOT 11931, no. 1; part title from item.
Chart prepared by Du Bois for the Negro Exhibit of the American Section at the Paris Exposition Universelle in 1900 to show the economic and social progress of African Americans since emancipation.
Chart drawn on opposite side of LOT 11931, no. 28.
The microfilm surrogate is available in the Prints & Photographs Reading Room.
Forms part of: Daniel Murray collection (Library of Congress).
Original materials filed in PR 12 under LOT 11931.


We have investigated the occupied and unoccupied electronic structure of ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) evaporated molecular thin films of the spin crossover [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] complex (with H2B(pz)2 = bis(hydrido)bis(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)borate and bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), inverse photoemission (IPES), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). A bandgap of 2–3 eV is deduced from combined UPS and IPES measurements of the molecular films on Au substrates. The matching Fe XAS and IPES spectra indicate that the electronic unoccupied states have a significant Fe weight. The shift of the unoccupied density of states seen in inverse photoemission is consistent with the thermally induced spin crossover transition for [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] deposited on the organic ferroelectric copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride) with trifluoroethylene (PVDF–TrFE).


The Venus Entry Probe is one of ESA s Technology Reference Studies (TRS). The purpose of the Technology Reference Studies is to provide a focus for the development of strategically important technologies that are of likely relevance for future scientific missions. The aim of the Venus Entry Probe TRS is to study approaches for low cost in-situ exploration of Venus and other planetary bodies with a significant atmosphere. In this paper, the mission objectives and an outline of the mission concept of the Venus Entry Probe TRS are presented.


The article presents the results of research of cognition of individuality of unfamiliar human by people of socionomical and non-socionomical professions; methodological toolkit; relevant categories are revealed and analyzed. Both general and specific trends in cognition unfamiliar human by people of different profession are identified.


This paper presents the unidirectional static tensile experiments using two kinds of ferromagnetic materials, i.e. Q235 steel and 40Cr steel. The experimental data is explained with the interaction between dislocation defects and magnetic domains. The origin of the metal magnetic memory effect (MMM) is suggested.


This paper is divided in two parts. In the first part, a brief re view of a spectral element method for the numerical solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is given. The method is then extended to compute buoyant flows de scribed by the Boussinesq approximation. Free convection in closed two-dimensional cavities are computed and the results are in very good agreement with the available reference solutions.


Zinc ion batteries show great potential as favorable options for both portable and grid-scale applications due to their inherently high safety, low cost, and relatively high theoretical energy density. However, the flat zinc metal anodes are not capable of long cycling performance owing to severe dendrites formation during the charge-discharge process. In this study, we employed nanosecond laser to modify zinc surface morphology and surface chemistry in order to alleviate the dendrites growth. The results demonstrate that the laser-induced zinc foil (LZF) surfaces show super-hydrophilic property with microstructures and a layer of ZnO coating. The symmetric cells and half-cells investigations indicate that the LZF electrode possesses lower nucleation overpotential and stable plating/striping behavior. Moreover, excellent zinc ion battery performance is achieved with activated carbon (AC) cathode, stably working for 20000 cycles at 2 A/g and 50000 cycles at 10 A/g with the Coulombic efficiency almost 100%. This paper offers new option for laser fabrication of high-performance zinc anodes for Zn-ion batteries.


In this paper, we describe the preliminary results of "cultural probes" used with professional women to identify their felt experiences of different forms of Identity Management (IM). IM takes place in physical and digital worlds and within personal, social, professional and cultural contexts. The aim was to explore from the point of view of participants what they perceive as IM, what kind of technologies/services/practices (TSPs) they use on a regular basis for IM, and what they like and/or dislike about them. Cultural probes are a non-intrusive tool that provokes reflection in the participants that will be projected as opinions and feelings for the designers within the research team to understand peoples daily experiences of IM; which will in turn provide a rich stimulus for the creation of various design prototypes, both physical and digital.


By researching the present situation of irrigation in residential area,summarized its feature,and analyzed problems existed,the article put forward methods in irrigation design based on conservation-oriented conception,such as when to irrigate,how to conserving water and energy.


Background. The aim of this paper is to present and assess a surgical treatment of patients with colon cancer. Methods. All patients with colon cancer, who were operated in years 1998–2001, were included in the analysis. We have collected data including patients age, localization and stage of cancer, types of preformed procedures, postoperative mortality, disease recurrence and survival of the patients. Results. We have operated on 308 patients with histological evidence of colon cancer in abovementioned period. The average patients age was 66.5 years (SD = 11.1; 95% CI: 44.3– 88.7). Primary tumor was most commonly (36%) located in sigmoid colon. UICC stages were as follows: stage I 34 patients, 11%; stage II 141, 46%; stage III 64, 21%; stage IV 69, 22%. We have performed 287 resections of colon (93% resectabillity), of these 214 (75%) were potentially curative R0 resections. Share of urgent procedures was 21%. In the postoperative period 22 patients (7%) have died. Postoperative mortality was significantly higher by urgent (19%) compared to scheduled procedures (4%) ( χ 2 = 16; df = 1; p = 0,005). In the observed time 22% of patients developed recurrent cancer. Mean survival rate of our patients was 1274 days or 3.5 years (SD = 191; 95% CI: 900–1648). Calculated overall five years survival rate was 45%. Conclusions. Planned and registered surgical treatment of patients with colon cancer, surgical specialization in colon surgery and adjuvant oncological treatment have shown the same incentive results, reflected in increased survival rate.


The paper investigates the dynamics of worker flows and the duration of different labour market states during the recent boom and bust of 2001-2010 in Estonia. We find that labour market adjustment has mostly taken place through massive worker reallocation, resulting in a high unemployment rate. Despite high worker flows from employment to unemployment, labour market mobility has fallen in many ways during the recession: job tenure and unemployment spells have increased, while job-to-job transitions and mobility across industries and occupations have fallen. The unemployed with the lowest level of education and non-Estonians have the lowest mobility to enter employment and run the highest risk of long-term unemployment. There is evidence of softer ways of adjustments to the crisis, where more workers are engaged in remote work, part-time work or jobs that do not match their skills. Internal migration has small potential to alleviate the high unemployment. The current crisis has hit the country more evenly across its regions than the Russian crisis did. Unemployment has increased similarly in all regions and unemployment inequality has dropped. Even so, there are some signs of marginalisation. The situation is worst in the north-eastern part of the country with unemployment hitting 25%


This paper describes a generic dynamic control system designed for use in semiconductor fabrication process control. The controller is designed for any batch silicon wafer process that is run on equipment having a high number of variables that are under operator control. These controlled variables include both equipment state variables such as power, temperature, etc., and the repair, replacement, or maintenance of equipment parts, which cause parameter drift of the machine over time. The controller consists of three principal components: 1) an automatically updating database, 2) a neural-network prediction model for the prediction of process quality based on both equipment state variables and parts usage, and 3) an optimization algorithm designed to determine the optimal change of controllable inputs that yield a reduced operation cost, in-control solution. The optimizer suggests a set of least cost and least effort alternatives for the equipment engineer or operator. The controller is a PC-driven software solution that resides outside the equipment and does not mandate implementation of recommendations in order to function correctly. The neural model base continues to learn and improve over time. An example of the dynamic process control tool performance is presented retrospectively for a plasma etch system. In this study, the neural networks exhibited overall accuracy to within 20% of the observed values of .986, .938, and .87 for the output quality variables of etch rate, standard deviation, and selectivity, respectively, based on a total sample size of 148 records. The control unit was able to accurately detect the need for parts replacements and wet clean operations in 34 of 40 operations. The controller suggested chamber state variable changes which either improved performance of the output quality variables or adjusted the input variable to a lower cost level without impairment of output quality.


Detection of a brain tumour in medical images is always a challenging task. Factors like size, shape, and position of tumour vary from different patient's brain. So, it's important to know the exac ...


The article describes the advantages of using cartosemiotic GIS models in а preparation of the bank data source to create a geofiltrational and geomigrational groundwater flow models using modern software simulation. It also describes the technology of modeling


The driving concept behind one of the most successful statistical forecasting models, the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model, has been that the seismicity is driven by spontaneously occurring background earthquakes that cascade into multitudes of triggered earthquakes. In nearly all generalizations of the ETAS model, the magnitudes of the background and the triggered earthquakes are assumed to follow Gutenberg‐Richter law with the same exponent (β value). Furthermore, the magnitudes of the triggered earthquakes are always assumed to be independent of the magnitude of the triggering earthquake. Using an expectation maximization algorithm applied to the Californian earthquake catalog, we show that the distribution of earthquake magnitudes exhibits three distinct β values: βb for background events and βa − δ and βa + δ, respectively, for triggered events below and above the magnitude of the triggering earthquake; the two last values express a correlation between the magnitudes of triggered events with that of the triggering earthquake, a feature so far absent in all proposed operational generalizations of the ETAS model. The ETAS model incorporating this kinked magnitude distribution provides by far the best description of seismic catalogs and could thus have the best forecasting potential. We speculate that the kinked magnitude distribution may result from the system tending to restore the symmetry of the regional displacement gradient tensor that has been broken by the initiating event. The general emerging concept could be that while the background events occur primarily to accommodate the symmetric stress tensor at the boundaries of the system, the triggered earthquakes are quasi‐Goldstone fluctuations of a self‐organized critical deformation state.


The synchronous switching of circuit breakers can effectively reduce the transient impacts by switching on/off operation.In this paper at first the authors introduce the controlled switcher with artificial intelligence technology(CAT) manufactured by ABB company in brief and describe its working principle;then the on-site test,which is the first time in China to suppress over-voltage in 500 kV power grid by use of synchronous switching technology and CAT that is installed in Jiangling converter station,is summarized and analyzed.Test results show that CAT can evidently suppress switching overvoltage.Finally,it is pointed out that similar products and technology have wide application prospect in EHV and UHV power networks in China.


Graphene is a two-dimensional monolayer comprised of carbon atoms. By its unique intrinsic properties, graphene has many advantages for gas sensing. In this paper, we find results of the gas sensing performance using uniform single crystal structure graphene by mechanical exfoliation method measured under room temperature, atmospheric pressure. Also, we discuss the effects of various thermal treatments on the graphene at atmospheric pressure. The sensitivity increases and recovery time decreases as measurement temperature increases.


Errors in perception are a problem for computer systems that use sensors to perceive the environment. If a computer system is engaged in dialogue with a human user, these problems in perception lead to problems in the dialogue. We present two experiments, one in which participants interact through dialogue with a robot with perfect perception to fulfil a simple task, and a second one in which the robot is affected by sensor errors and compare the resulting dialogues to determine whether the sensor problems have an impact on dialogue success.


There is a growing demand by United Nations development agencies and governments for a higher engagement of firms in sustainable development goals, including that of eradicating poverty. Nevertheless, the social issue of poverty has not traditionally been covered by firms' corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. In addition, there is a need to integrate theories in order to better explain pro‐poor CSR in developing countries. Relying on a review of both conceptual and empirical research articles on CSR for poverty alleviation, this study contributes to the CSR research agenda by proposing an integrated research framework for assessing and explaining a firm's contribution to poverty alleviation. Besides discussing the existing evidence, the following issues are critically analysed with the general purpose of obtaining the framework and suggesting avenues for future research: the assessment of a firm's contribution to poverty alleviation, types of pro‐poor CSR initiatives that could be adopted by firms, and the factors influencing a firm's contribution. The framework, which intends to be useful for future research, can also assist the United Nations to increase the firms' contribution to its alleviating poverty sustainable development goal.


Warming up to stimulate Procambarus clarkii to breed in winter was researched.And the effect of temperature on hatching and larvae development of Procambarus clarkii was investigated.The results showed that the female crayfish could breed by warming up in winter.The female crayfish was oogenetic in the water tank of 26 ℃ temperature after 38 days.The female crayfish wasn't oogenetic in the water tank of 18 ℃,but the ovary developed.The eggs carried by female crayfish were fertilized and could be hatching normally.The hatching time was(39.67±3.06)d,(28.33±2.52)d and(15.00±2.00)d at the water temperature of 18 ℃,21 ℃ and 26 ℃.After breeding for 45 d,the body length of larvae was(1.90±0.25)cm,(2.73±0.38)cm and(3.78±0.70)cm at the water temperature of 18 ℃,21 ℃ and 26 ℃,and the weight was(0.223±0.100)g,(0.688±0.331)g and(2.145±1.272)g,respectively.Larvae exhibited positive allometric growth(b3) at 26 ℃ and showed isometric growth at 18 ℃ and 21 ℃(b=3).The hatching speed and larvae growth were positively correlated with temperature in a certain range.


International Large-Scale Assessments (LSA) allow comparisons of education systems' effectiveness in promoting student learning in specific domains, such as reading, mathematics, and science. However, it has been argued that students' scores in International LSAs mostly reflect general cognitive ability (g). This study examines the extent to which students' scores in reading, mathematics, science, and a Raven's Progressive Matrices test reflect general ability g and domain-specific abilities with data from 3,472 Polish students who participated in the OECD's 2009 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and who were retested with the same PISA instruments, but with a different item set, in 2010. Variance in students' responses to test items is explained better by with a bifactor Item Response Theory (IRT) model than by the multidimensional IRT model routinely used to scale PISA and other LSAs. The bifactor IRT model assumes that non-g factors (reading, math, science, and Raven's test) are uncorrelated with g and with each other. The bifactor model generates specific ability factors with more theoretically credible relationships with criterion variables than the multidimensional standard model. Further analyses of the bifactor model indicate that the domain-specific factors are not reliable enough to be interpreted meaningfully. They lie somewhere between unreliable measures of domain-specific abilities and nuisance factors reflecting measurement error. The finding that PISA achievement scores reflect mostly g, which may arise because PISA aims to test broad abilities in a variety of contexts or may be a general characteristic of LSAs and national achievement tests.


We designed a new microscope for the metrology of sub-micron design rule devices. This tool combines the principles of a point projection microscope (ppm) with the ones of a mirror electron microscope (mem). The original ppm works only in the transmission mode and consists of an electron point emitter [1], a sample and an electron detector. The negatively biased nano-tip point source delivers an ultra low energy electron (50-250eV) current at several nanoamps. The electrons are extracted by the grounded sample which is placed several microns from the tip. In the image plane the highly coherent electrons interfere and form an in-line hologram. The inventors [2] of the ppm describe their new tool as follows: "As this type of microscope involves no electronoptical lens elements, the images obtained are free from the ordinary aberrations. The limit of resolution depends solely on the distribution of initial velocities of the field electrons and on Fresnel diffraction by the object, making it possible to proceed beyond the resolution of the light microscope by some orders of magnitude." Figure 1 shows a ray diagram of a ppm, a holey carbon foil acquired with this set-up is shown in figure 2.


A premature baby born at 26 weeks of gestation weighing 940 g, was transferred at the age of 10 hours to our NICU, diagnosed with pulmonary air leak syndrome,treated with surfactant, mechanical ventilatory support and vasosopressors. On admission intubated, ventilated with positive pressure, FiO2 100%, hypotensive, oliguric, generally edematous, an initial oxygen saturation 70%, a heart rate of 120/min, and a weak pulse. An umbilical vein catheter was inserted. Chest X-ray revealed signs of respiratory distress syndrome, with normal cardiac appearance. He was treated with SIPPV +VG ventilation, (PEEP 6 cm H2O), a second dose of surfactant. His respiratory and circulatory condition started to improve. Suddenly, 10 hours later clinical condition deteriorated with a drop in oxygen saturation to 44% and hypotension. Chest X-ray had no signs of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. Parameters of mechanical ventilation were increased, recruitment performed, but with poor results.He was globally cyanotic, two hours later lower half of the body from the umbilicus became completely pale. In a few minutes revascularisation started, but heart sounds were silent, with bizarre ECG,He passed away shortly thereafter. The postmortem examination revealed hyaline membrane disease with diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, diffuse hypoxic multiorgan damage.


Objective To evaluate the value of esophagus cradles implantation with the help of X ray.Methods Fourty nine patients with esophageal stenosis were treated with implanting national Ni Ti alloy cradles.The operating time and effect were observed.Results After the operation,the patients' clinical symptoms disapeared and semiliquid diet could be taken.The operating time lasted for 10~20 minutes in 25 cases,20~30 minutes in 18 cases and over 30 minutes in 6 cases.Conclusion Esophagus cradles implantation under X ray is a saft,effective and simple technique in treating esophageal stenosis because of the high success rate and similar result to other methods.


Pronouns have an indexical or deictic function. Their reference is variable, in the case of personal pronouns depending on pragmatic factors such as who is speaking to whom and who is being talked about, and it can be adjusted quite flexibly to textual and contextual, or conversational needs. So, while their anaphoric qualities make them an important instrument for creating textual cohesion, which under normal circumstances (i.e., on unmarked levels of interpretation) is a prerequisite for contextual coherence, their referential variability can result in vagueness and fluctuating uncertainty. What is locally cohesive can thus still be contextually incoherent. Proper names, on the other hand, are normally used as rigid designators. Quoted forms can be viewed as a specific class of (proper) names individualizing particular forms as relocations of their category (I cannot go into more detail here about the different kinds of nominalizations and their effects); quotation can thus be regarded as a means of transforming variable designators into rigid ones. In the enigmatic poem to be discussed, Lewis Carroll makes ample use of this instrument; as the English past tense doesn't have person or number agreement (cf. I/You/He/She/It went), he can easily avoid explicitly noting the difference between quoted and unquoted (anaphoric) forms, and can rather draw specifically on the resulting ambiguity. His virtuosity in handling the different levels of designation illustrates how human symbolic abilities allow him (and us) to introduce new levels of meaning and to stimulate our search for possible interpretations by obscuring the seemingly obvious. Making sense of nonsense can be a hard job — sometimes, it seems, harder than encoding sense as nonsense. Evidence whose message is anything but evident allows of all kinds of interpretations; especially if it appears under the heading of 'Alice's evidence' and is known to have been composed by the notorious 'glutton of words' Lewis Carroll. In fact, if the creator of your witness hides his real name, you shouldn't trust the witness too much; if, as in this particular case, you only have


The advent of the digital image changes cinema's relationship with physical reality.1 No longer, the story goes, are we dealing with an image based (as with photography on film) exclusively on a direct record of objects placed in front of the camera, the essential link between the world and its representation thus established. The digital image has the ability to offer us a representation of things without ever having need of things themselves, thanks simply to the elaboration of an algorithm. The consequences of this situation are weighty. Faced with an image on a screen, we no longer know if the image testifies to the existence of that which it depicts or if it simply constructs a world that has no independent existence. Does this spell the end of the realistic nature of the cinema—the end of its ability to show us the world as it is, extending, in a certain sense, its life? Many scholars, including Lev Manovich and Sean Cubitt, maintain that the advent of the digital pushes cinema further from reality and closer to animation.2 Without rehearsing the current debate in depth, the following pages suggest that questions about the relationships between cinema and reality should be situated within a wider history of "realism." First: from its inception, film theory has focused its attention not only on the peculiarity of cinema as a direct record of the physical world, but also on its capacity to create an impression of reality. In this light, it is important to reconsider the recent attempts to go "beyond indexicality"; cinematic realism does not depend solely on a "trace" left by objects on the filmstrip. Second: an impression of reality is not simply a feeling experienced by the spectator: it is an effect triggered by a set of discursive practices that film has acquired along its history. Italian Neorealism is the climax of such a develop-


The spate of resistance to conventional antibiotics is becoming worrisome. As alternatives, plants are investigated for bioactive components with antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the nutrients and anti-nutrients composition, phytochemical components and antimicrobial activity of Dennettia tripetala and Lasianthera africana extracts on clinical isolates. The leaves were screened qualitatively and quantitatively for phytochemicals using aqueous and ethanolic extracts while the antimicrobial activity was done using standard microbiological techniques. The results of the phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, reducing compounds and polyphenol in both plants. Quantification of the phytochemicals showed that polyphenol was the most abundant with values of 17.63% and 14.66% respectively, in D. tripetala and L. africana. Proximate composition in mg/100 g showed that protein was (19.86 5.70), fibre (10.80 -13.86), ash (3.16 9.28), carbohydrate (49.70 73.04) Original Research Article Ebana et al.; JABB, 8(4): 1-9, 2016; Article no.JABB.28291 2 and fat (7.30 each) in both plants, respectively. The anti-nutrients composition in mg/100 g showed the presence of hydrocyanic acid (6.17 7.56), soluble oxalate (7.30 17.62), total oxalate (17.1039.70) and phytate (10.19 13.20) in both plants. The antimicrobial activity showed that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of both plants inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus sp, Esherichia coli, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp, Bacillus sp, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The highest inhibition (25 mm) was obtained with the ethanolic extract of L. africana on P. aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts ranged from 10 mg to 50 mg with E. coli and Shigella sp being the most inhibited. The findings of the study reveal that the plants are rich in nutrients, phytochemicals and have antimicrobial activity against isolates. Given the results in this study, there is a need to further exploit the antimicrobial potentials of these plants.


Modeling and Simulation users and developers need to use various kinds of data and information to support their work such as modeling, training and evaluating simulation results. But the conventional data mining and information acquisition processes are expensive and slow due to the nature that all the data and information sources are isolated and distributed thus difficult to acquire. This paper presents a distributed data management and sharing mechanism which can facilitate the data mining and information acquisition work in the MS field, first gives the definition of the mission and purpose of the overall system, then the system architecture, composition and functions. The key technique involved is also discussed.


forest ecosystem model combined soil and vegetation data with six climate change scenarios. The model predicted annual net primary productivity and drainage on loblolly pine sites in the southern US states of Texas, Mississippi, Florida and Virginia. Climate scenario air temperature changes were +2°C to +7°C > historic (1951 to 1984) values and climate scenario precipitation changes were -10% to +20% > historic values. Across the sites, increasing air temperature would have much greater impact on pine forest hydrology and productivity than would changes in precipitation. These changes could seriously impact the structure and function of southern United States forests by decreasing net primary productivity and total leaf area. Water use per unit area would increase, but total plant water demand would decrease because of reduced total leaf area, thus increasing regional pine forest drainage. An average annual air temperature increase of 7°C, caused a considerable reduction in the loblolly pine range.


The first experimental evidence that could indicate immunological tolerance to a virus was presented by Traub more than 30 years ago. He reported that the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus in mice could cause a lifelong, symptomless virus carrier state. The virus was present in carriers in high titers in the blood and in organs, but no antibodies could be detected. This situation occurred when mice were infected in utero or as newborns. However, if mature mice were infected with the same virus, the infection took the course normally seen in virus infections ending in either the death of the animal or recovery followed by immunity. Traub's discovery of the apparently immunologically nonreactive LCM virus carrier mice constitutes one of the facts that led Burnet and Fenner 47 to formulate their original hypotheses of immunological tolerance, and for many years all parties seemed to agree that a state of tolerance to the LCM virus in mice could be established. However, in recent years prominent immunologists have expressed considerable doubt over the whole idea of a state of tolerance to such a complex antigen as a virus must be. Many critics believe that the phenomenon in mice resembling tolerance to viruses may have a different explanation. Increasing numbers of investigators agree that immunity to viruses consists of a humoral as well as a cell-mediated immunity. However, where many viruses are concerned, data indicating a cell-mediated immunity are sparse, often unconvincing, and may even be completely lacking. Moreover, the mechanism of the cell-mediated immunity is very poorly understood. Thus, not only the importance of this immunity but also its very existence have provoked considerable discussion in recent years. Because of the prevailing doubts about tolerance and immunity to viruses, and because of the fact that the LCM virus is probably that on which the question of tolerance and the immune mechanism has been studied most extensively, it seems appropriate to review the data we and others have obtained in these investigations. Furthermore, the role of the immune reactions in the pathogenesis of the LCM virus infection is such an intriguing and pertinent problem that it too requires discussion.


The most common cause of myocardial ischemia and angina is coronary stenosis by atheromatous lesions in the epicardial arteries. However, a significant percentage of patients with angina and ischemia demonstrated by tests to induce it not present coronary obstructions on angiography. For this reason, the case of a 68-year-old woman is presented, who consulted for chest pain with typical oppressive characteristics, associated with autonomous symptoms, with electrocardiographic changes and elevated cardiac enzymes, given the above she received anti-ischemic, antiplatelet, and analgesic, which required coronary stratification, which was later reported within normal limits. Likewise, outpatient follow-up was carried out 3 months after the cardiovascular event, reporting within normal limits. In these cases, it is attributed to coronary spasm, endothelial dysfunction, and myocardial metabolism disorders as responsible for ischemia and its clinical manifestations. This situation constitutes a frequent and costly clinical problem, contributes to diminishing the quality of life, and presents a challenge in the diagnosis and treatment. This form of angina is not as benign as it was previously considered. We present a case in which it was not possible to demonstrated ischemia by tests performed and coronary angiography revealed no obstructive lesions.


Using a variational approach, the binding energy of shallow hydrogenic impurities in a semimagnetic parabolic quantum dot is calculated within the effective mass approximation. The binding energy is computed for Cd1-xinMnxinTe/Cd1-xoutMnxoutTe structures as a function of the dot size in an external magnetic field. The results show that the impurity binding energy (i) increases with the reduction in dot sizes (ii) decreases when the magnetic field is increased for a given dot and (iii) increases to a maximum value at 100 A and then decreases as the size of the dot increases beyond 100 A for a realistic model. Spin polaronic shifts are estimated using a mean field theory. These results are compared with the existing literatures.


Casomorphin is a group of structurally similar small peptides produced by enzyme degradation of β-casein. It has the function similar to opioid. To develop a HPLC method for assaying similar peptides. A acetonitrile-H2O (3:1) was used as mobile phase and 0.1% phosphate acid used as acidic modifier. Gradient elution was adopted with Kromasil C8 column (5μm, 4.6mm×200mm) with ultraviolet detector at 215nm. The retention of β-casomorphin-7 andβ-casomorphin-5 were 21.45min and 11.474 min respectively .And a good linear relationship exited between peak area and casomorphin concentrations ranged from 0.125~1.0mg/ml(r=0.9989). The RSD of purity and migration time of β-casomorphin-7 and β-casomorphin-5 were 7.29% and 5.19% respectively. This method provided a simple and feasible way to analyze casomorphins especially those similar peptides.


The problem in this research was mathematic learning in fourth grade
students SDN 102 Pekanbaru still low with average value 48 with minimum
completeness criteria (KKM 75).The purpose 0f this research was to improve
mathematic learning outcomes 0f the fourth grade (IV) students SDN 102 Pekanbaru
with PMRI. This research was classroom action research with two circles. The subject
were students of class IV SDN 102 Pekanbaru on 2016/2017 academic years with
amounted to 25 students consisting of 13 men and 12 women. Base on analysis result
observation paper of teacher and students activity sheet seen rising each meeting,
teacher activity at first meeting of first circle was 69% good category and at the second
meeting was 75 % with very good category. At the second circle, teachers activity at the
first meeting was 81 % and the second meeting was 94 % with very good category.
Student activities at first meeting of first circle was 63% good category and at the
second meeting was 69 % with very good category. At the second circle, student activity
on the first meeting was 78% and at the second meeting was 88% with very good
category. Mathematic learning outcomes before implementation cooperatives number
head together type learning model average 48, after implementation cooperatives
number head together type learning model at UH 1 was 81 and at UH II was 89 that
improve about 8 point. Implementation of PMRI can improve learning outcomes of the
fourth grade students SDN 102 Pekanbaru.
Key Word: Mathematics Realistic Indonesia Approach, Mathematic studies achievment


As trade relations with the United States and Cuba continue to improve (December 17, 2015 is the one-year anniversary of the United States agreeing to open diplomatic relations with the island nation), cigars and rum aren't the only two exports that will soon flood the American market. Cuban baseball players are already coming in droves and are securing multi-million dollar contracts along the way. But what sort of labor implications do these players bring? This paper attempts to examine what issues may possibly come as a result.


Foreword. Preface. 1. Ariaal-Studying an East African Pastoralist Society. 2. Drought, Development, and Kenya's Pastoralists. 3. Ariaal Identity and Culture. 4. A Pastoral Life: Livestock Production and Human Nutrition. 5. The Clan Settlement Basis of Ariaal Social Organization. 6. Farms, Towns and the Future of the Ariaal. Recommended Reading.


Private healthcare premiums increased by nearly 15% from $697 billion to $801 billion between 2005 and 2009, reports the National Institute for Health Care Management.


Mahto et al. have derived the formula for the variation of the gravitational constant given by G^'=G/√(1-v^2/c^2 ) in very strong gravitational field of the compact bodies like super massive black holes and neutron stars (2013). In this paper, we have extended this work to show that the variation of gravitational constant in the strong gravitational field with respect to the spinning velocity of super dense stars is directly proportional to its spinning velocity.


In her recent 2010 report to the British Columbia provincial legislature, the Representative for Children and Youth, Judge Mary Ellen Turpel-Lafond, reported that the government of this province had failed to implement key provisions of the 2006 Hughes Royal Commission Report (Leyne, 2010). This failure, she asserted, put too many children at risk for abuse – or even death – especially within the most vulnerable families, such as those headed by impoverished, ill-housed, young and/or single mothers with little of the social capital typically needed to raise healthy children within B.C. communities. Further, a recently released federal report stated the Canada had among the highest rates of child poverty among the leading advanced industrial countries (UNICEF, 2010). Finally, while incarceration rates for young offenders in Canada, generally, have dropped substantially during the last decade, those youth in custody disproportionately have been from the above multi-problem families, especially Aboriginal families (e.g., Doob & Cesaroni, 2004).


Thank you for downloading classical mechanics an undergraduate text. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite books like this classical mechanics an undergraduate text, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful virus inside their desktop computer. classical mechanics an undergraduate text is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the classical mechanics an undergraduate text is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Recommending routes for a group of competing taxi drivers is almost untouched in most route recommender systems. For this kind of problem, recommendation fairness and driving efficiency are two fundamental aspects. In the paper, we propose SCRAM, a sharing considered route assignment mechanism for fair taxi route recommendations. SCRAM aims to provide recommendation fairness for a group of competing taxi drivers, without sacrificing driving efficiency. By designing a concise route assignment mechanism, SCRAM achieves better recommendation fairness for competing taxis. By considering the sharing of road sections to avoid unnecessary competition, SCRAM is more efficient in terms of driving cost per customer (DCC). We test SCRAM based on a large number of historical taxi trajectories and validate the recommendation fairness and driving efficiency of SCRAM with extensive evaluations. Experimental results show that SCRAM achieves better recommendation fairness and higher driving efficiency than three compared approaches.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the provision of home help services for elderly people, who require domestic help and/or personal care under the "Long-term Care Insurance" scheme in Japan, which has been in force since April 2000. Recently in Japan, both the number and ratio of elderly people have increased. This aging caused the government to reform the system of social service provision for the elderly throughout the 1990s. The Long-term Care Insurance scheme was the consequence of a law enacted in 1997. Under this system, home help service ranks as a major service, in which the government permits various sectors to participate as providers. Consequently, many private or nonprofit organizations have entered this market that had originally been dominated chiefly by the public sector, municipalities, or their fringe organizations (the Council of Social Welfare in each municipality) before deregulation with respect to the qualifications of the provider. The purpose of deregulation was to promote choice so that users can choose any of the various service providers. In the study area, Anamizu Town, there are three home help service providers: the Council of Social Welfare (X), the Social Welfare Juridical Person (Y), and the Agriculture Cooperation (Z). Provider X provides no other service function except for home help, but it is in contact with the town office. Provider Y operates a nursing home and some related services, in addition to home help. Provider Z only functions as a home help provider, but does not have links to other related organizations. Regarding the characteristics of users, Z contrasts strongly with X and Y. Most of those who use Z tend to live alone or with their elderly partners, and utilize the domestic help service (cleaning, washing, cooking, etc.) . On the other hand, many users of X and Y live with younger family members and choose personal care that supports activities related to body functions (eating, dressing, toileting, etc.). Since the beginning of the Long-term Care Insurance scheme in April 2000, X has been the largest provider, Y second, and Z the smallest in terms of service results. This has historical reasons, because many users had utilized the services of X or Y before April 2000. Since mid-2001, however, Z has increased its share and overtaken the other two providers, This change derives from the level of the service price that is compulsorily determined by the government. Generally, home help service profitability is not high because of the low official price. Consequently, X and Y are not eager to expand their home help services, because X can depend on the municipality office for financial and organizational functions, and Y has a nursing home and other service functions that are more profitable than home help. In contrast, Z cannot afford to reduce its level of service provision, because home help is the only way to survive as a provider under the Long-term Care Insurance scheme. From the analysis, a clear distinction is found between the comprehensive providers (X and Y) and the independent provider (Z) with respect to the characteristics of home help providers.


Abstarct The new laser annealing technique to control the surface morphology and microstructure of poly-Si film is proposed. Compared with the conventional laser annealing technique where the laser beam is irradiated on the whole area of active layer, our new method make the laser beam transmitted locally onto the active amorphous silicon (a-Si) layer. Using the masking window in grid shape, the active layer is recrystallized in the lattice shape during the laser irradiation. By the optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we observed the orderly pattern, which consists of amorphous and poly-Si regions. In our new poly-Si film, the rough surface morphology, which is shown in conventional sample, could not be found. Furthermore we fabricated a poly-Si TFT utilizing the active poly-Si film recrystallized by our new method. The new poly-Si TFT showed much higher ON current than the conventional poly-Si TFT, although the leakage current is relatively high. The excellent ON characteristics may be attributed to the uniform surface morphology. After hydrogenation, the electrical characteristics of our new polySi TFT was improved considerably and this device may be applied successfully to the active matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCD's).


In article features of formation of Councils, as local authorities are considered. On the example of the Leningrad city council of deputies of workers activity of Council for the solution of complex challenges of a municipal government is analyzed.


A 58-year-old woman affected by drug refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) was referred for pulmonary veins (PV) disconnection by radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Bidimensional echocardiography documented normal left ventricular dimension and function; a moderate enlargement of left atrium (LA) was present. Before ablation, a cardiac contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed with multidetector CT scanner (MDCT, LightSpeed Pro 16, GE, Phy-USA). The CT scan was loaded into an electroanatomic mapping system equipped with an image integration software (CartoMerge, Biosense Webster Inc.) to provide three-dimensional CT …


The recent observation of two hidden-charm pentaquark states by LHCb collaborations prompted us to investigate the exotic states close to the DΛc, DΛc, DΣc, DΣc, D Σc and DΣc thresholds. We therefore studied the hadronic molecules that form the coupled-channel system of DΛc and D(∗)Σ (∗) c . As the heavy quark spin symmetry manifests the mass degenerations of D and D∗ mesons, and of Σc and Σc baryons, the coupled channels of D(∗)Σ(∗) c are important in these molecules. In addition, we consider the coupling to the DΛc channel whose thresholds are near the D(∗)Σ (∗) c thresholds, and the coupling to the state with nonzero orbital angular momentum mixed by the tensor force. This full coupled channel analysis of DΛc − D(∗)Σ(∗) c with larger orbital angular momentum has never been performed before. By solving the coupled-channel Schrodinger equations with the one meson exchange potentials that respected to the heavy quark spin and chiral symmetries, we studied the hidden-charm hadronic molecules with I(JP) = 1/2(3/2±) and 1/2(5/2±). We conclude that the JP assignment of the observed pentaquarks is 3/2 for P+c (4380) and 5/2 − for P+c (4450), which is agreement with the results of the LHCb analysis. In addition, we give predictions for other JP = 3/2± states at 4136.0, 4307.9 and 4348.7 MeV in JP = 3/2−, and 4206.7 MeV in JP = 3/2, which can be further investigated by means of experiment.


We study a class of games with a continuum of players for which Cournot-Nash equilibria can be obtained by the minimisation of some cost, related to optimal transport. This cost is not convex in the usual sense in general but it turns out to have hidden strict convexity properties in many relevant cases. This enables us to obtain new uniqueness results and a characterisation of equilibria in terms of some partial differential equations, a simple numerical scheme in dimension one as well as an analysis of the inefficiency of equilibria.


In recent decades human workers in manufacturing and overall industry have largely been replaced with robots and automated machines, but there are still plenty of tasks where human cognition is nec ...


Police are the national staff who prevent and punish illegal and criminal activities endangering state security and social order. As a subject, the research objects of the police law are legal system, law practice and development law of the police. The study is based on the theory of jurisprudence and the public security research, it's secondary interdisciplinary subject, which belongs to the law and the public security science.


Seafood processing industry including companies and households accounts for 35% of Mekong delta's total agricultural output. The former mainly concentrates on exports; their processing activities are required and supervised to meet many criteria of sustainable development and corporate social responsibility by foreign importers. Meanwhile, the latter's production is for the local market; its processing activities mainly rely on experience and surrounding environment. This study focuses on sustainability of households' seafood processing activities with three pillars including economic, social and environmental ones. The research sample of 300 households was collected in 6 provinces of Mekong delta including Ben Tre, Ca Mau, Tien Giang, Dong Thap, Tra Vinh, Bac Lieu in July 2014. Research findings show that from the economic perspective, physical facilities are outdated; revenues and profits are not stable and household have more difficulties in collecting materials, obtaining loans for their business and selling their products. In addition, from social perspective, the average income for seasonal workers is at low levels with 60% paid from 50 - 80 thousands VND per day and 70% of surveyed households have members and seasonal workers suffering from syndromes of work-related diseases including sinusitis, rheumatism, dermatology, eye itching. Moreover, the environment surrounding seafood processing households is seriously polluted with 71% of households discharging untreated wastewater into nearby seas, rivers and canals and disposing solid wastes around their houses. Therefore, 80% of households fail to control and kill insects such as flies and bluebottles in their processing area, especially up to 50% failing to know the origins of anti-insect chemistries used. Based on these findings, this paper delivers implications and recommendations for the local government and households to improve the sustainability of households' seafood processing activities in Mekong delta.


Purpose Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV (PrEP) is an effective yet underutilized biomedical tool for adolescents and young adults' (AYA) HIV prevention due to barriers such as PrEP adherence. We assessed HIV prevention knowledge, attitudes and beliefs from adults who self-identified as a primary support person to an AYA. Methods We surveyed AYA primary support persons at an academic hospital. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were completed to identify factors associated with the belief AYAs engaging in HIV-associated behaviors should use PrEP and willingness to support AYAs on PrEP. Results 200 primary support persons completed the survey. Participants were predominately female (77%) and black (56%). Nearly all primary support persons believed AYAs engaging in HIV-associated behaviors should take PrEP (94%) and 98% would support an AYA taking PrEP via transportation to appointments, assistance with refilling prescriptions, medication reminders, or encouragement. Conclusions Primary support persons are willing to support AYAs using PrEP.


Nowadays in the aquatory of Sozopol, ancient Apollonia Pontica, on the Southern Bulgarian Black Sea coast exist three islands – St. Ivan, St. Peter and St. Kirik. Some scholars describing Sozopol and its environment in the late 19th century mention another two islets – Milos and Gata. Today they no longer exist. This paper addresses the questions of where these were located, and what was their fate. The research is based on a number of articles concerning the history, archaeology and geography of Sozopol and its area, naval and military maps, pilots and itineraries from the 19th – early 20th centuries, old pictures, and interviews with local anglers. The conclusions are that Gata is comprised of shallow reefs in the aquatory between the north-eastern shore of St. Kirik island and Sozopol peninsula and Milos was the name given to reefs in the aquatory south of St. Kirik island. Today these rocks are partly covered by an artificial road and island extension build in the 20th century.


This short article contains some necessary taxonomic changes prior to the publication of a chapter on the Ceratopogonidae by the author for the upcoming Manual of Afrotropical Diptera and spearheaded by Ashley Kirk-Spriggs. Some additional placements of three genera to a recently redefined tribe are also included.


Focusing on the dynamic derivation of the Wh-questions from narratives between English and Korean,the paper studies the issue in the relation between wh-substitution rule and the transformation space.This paper shows that wh-substitution rule is acting on the structure and semantic stratums and creates enough space for Wh-questions with the paradigmatic and syntagmatic principles.Meanwhile,it may provide a process basis for the opening feature of Wh-questions.


Rice-green gram is a prominent cropping system in eastern Indian states especially in Odisha. India is the highest producer as well as consumer of pulses in the world and contributes 25.5% of total global pulse production (GOI, 2013). Green gram with 347 calories 100g -1 , is the third important pulse crop of India covering 8% of the total pulse area of the country. In Odisha, green-gram is cultivated in an area of 0.836 million ha with a production of 0.362 million tonnes and productivity of only 434 kg ha -1 (OAS, 201718). Methods of crop establishment and weed management in rice are most important cultural practices, which influences growth and yield of succeeding green gram. However, the information on direct and indirect response of crop establishment methods and weed management in rice on succeeding green gram are limited. Keeping this in view the present experiment was conducted to study residual effect of crop establishment methods and weed management practices in rice on succeeding green gram in rice-green gram cropping system. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 02 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


In an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine, orifices disposed in a passage for recirculating the exhaust gas is made of a sheet of a bimetal or other material capable of changing from a normal shape to a deformed shape when the heat of the exhaust gas is applied, in order to prevent carbon contained in the exhaust gas from depositing on the orifices.


We report theory and experimental realization of the first Raman injection laser. It integrates quantum cascade active regions with Raman-active sections where Stokes component of the fundamental laser frequency is generated via intersubband Raman scattering.


Complete and accurate documentation of surgical procedures is essential for optimizing patient care, yet significant variation in operative notes persists within and across institutions. We sought to reach consensus on the most important components of an operative note for pediatric microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy.


Previous research with ASEA (a saline beverage with stable superoxide complexes) found increased fatty acid mobilization in cyclists after 7 d ingestion. We hypothesized that run time to exhaustion would be favorably influenced by ASEA intake due to enhanced fatty acid oxidation and muscle glycogen sparing. Sixty mice were randomized to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n=15 each): placebo sedentary (PS), ASEA sedentary (AS), placebo run (PR), and ASEA run (AR). Mice were gavaged daily with ASEA or placebo (0.3 ml/d) for 7 d. PR and AR groups were run to exhaustion (24 m/min) at the end of the 7‐d gavage period, with AR running significantly longer than PR (68.0±9.2 vs. 52.8±7.4 min, respectively) (p<0.001). At the point of exhaustion, liver glycogen was undetectable for both AR and PR. When adjusted to run time, the estimated rate of muscle glycogen depletion was different between AR and PR (0.036±0.014 and 0.052±0.018 ug/mg protein per min, respectively, p=0.017). Skeletal muscle phosphorylated acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (p‐ACC) was significantly increased in AR compared to AS (p=0.020) and PR (p=0.045). Fatty acyl CoA transport (CPT1), and beta‐oxidation (beta‐HAD) were not different between AR and PR. ASEA increased run time to exhaustion by 29% in mice, potentially through less inhibition of fatty acid oxidation via increased P‐ACC, and muscle glycogen sparing percent (30%).


This paper presents a novel scheme for object completion in a video. The framework includes three steps: posture synthesis, graphical model construction, and action prediction. In the very beginning, a posture synthesis method is adopted to enrich the number of postures. Then, all postures are used to build a graphical model of object action which can provide possible motion tendency. We define two constraints to confine the motion continuity property. With the two constraints, possible candidates between every two consecutive postures are significantly reduced. Finally, we apply the Markov Random Field model to perform global matching. The proposed approach can effectively maintain the temporal continuity of the reconstructed motion. The advantage of this action prediction strategy is that it can handle the cases such as non-periodic motion or complete occlusion.


Resumen en: The first sudies dealing with "popular culture" in Mexico show a scarce thematic variety, concentrating on three basic fields: handcrafts, folklore and...


In Japanese, there is a word "Kansei" which means "feelings, impulses, and desires stimulated by the senses. In addition, there is a field called Kansei Engineering which is recognized worldwide. In the case of human-operated machines, it is necessary to consider Kansei such as whether the operability is comfortable. Therefore, this paper describes a model that focuses on Kansei and control based on the model. It has been proposed that a human Kansei model based on the Weber-Fechner law. However, the Weber-Fechner law is applied to stimulus such as sound, smell, and light. The model needs to be improved to reduce the error between the velocity assumed in the brain and the actual velocity of the machines. Therefore, this paper proposes a new Kansei model that focuses on the relationship between the actual velocity and the perceived velocity when a human actively operates the machines.


The invention relates to a textile floor covering, especially for use in aircraft interiors, on its underside or rear side in addition, a nonwoven fabric is applied, which is coated with a water-based acrylic dispersion (acrylic latex coating). The acrylic dispersion is only up to a certain depth penetrated into the nonwoven fabric. It is thereby achieved that the floor covering has a high adhesive strength floor and nonslip rests without additional agents (eg. As Velcro) are needed. When used in the aircraft industry in the rest of all the relevant fire safety requirements are met.


The author presents a review of some mathematical aspects of magnetohydrodynamics and plasma-dynamics, and the fields of mathematics required and used in those domains are briefly discussed. The last section is devoted to the discussion of adjusting the mathematical program of a university, from the point of view of engineering, physics and mathematics, so that a greater number of students in those disciplines will be prepared for graduate courses in magnetohydrodynamics and plasma-dynamics.


We have previously demonstrated that the incorporation of lateral methyl groups on oxadiazole-based liquid crystals leads to relatively low-temperature cybotactic nematic phases which, in some cases, supercool to room temperature. We report here the synthesis and phase behaviour of related compounds that possess lateral halogen groups and in some cases, lateral methyl groups as well. Derivatives with three lateral substituents (one halogen and two methyl groups) in a specific pattern supercool in the nematic phase to room temperature. As was the case with the previously reported trimethylated derivatives, the low-temperature nematic phase is glassy in nature. Two of the new trisubstituted derivatives (with bromo and chloro groups) remain in the nematic phase upon subsequent heating until transitioning to the isotropic phase indicating that the low-temperature nematic phase may be more stable than that shown by the trimethylated analogue. Preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the presence of a tilted cybotactic nematic phase. In addition, the splitting observed in the wide-angle scattering feature is indicative of enhanced local biaxial packing.


The paper detailed the technical specification,equipment, construction technology and technical measures of enlarging borehole in shaft for coalbed methane with field cases.


The various Brahmanical creeds prevailing among those Hindus who worship Vishnu and Siva have been amply illustrated by Colebrooke and other eminent scholars. When I was in England in 1836 the learned H. H. Wilson desired me to ascertain and describe the peculiarities of the Jangams or anti-brahmanical worshippers of Siva, whom he had but slightly noticed in his Essay on Sects, in the seventeenth volume of the Asiatic Researches.


During the missile design process,the determination of missile aerodynamic characteristics is the original reference of the trajectory calculation,the selection of control parameters,the design of structural strength,and the aerodynamic characteristics determines the flight performance of a missile.In this paper,a certain type of missile model is given at first,then engineering estimation and FLUENT software are adopted to study its subsonic aerodynamic characteristics separately from the engineering estimation and numerical simulation.The accuracy of different experimentation method is verified based-on the comparison between the calculated parameters and the wind tunnel experimental results.The results show that the aerodynamics parameters calculated from the both can meet the real requirements of engineering design,and also can reflect the missile′s aerodynamic characteristics accurately.


Observations of two H2CO (303−202 and 321−220) lines and continuum emission at 1.3 mm towards Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(M) have been carried out with the SMA. The mosaic maps of Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(M) in both continuum and lines show a complex distribution of dust and molecular gas in both clumps and filaments surrounding the compact star formation cores. We have observed a decelerating outflow originated from the Sgr B2(M) core, showing that both the red-shifted and blue-shifted outflow components have a common terminal velocity. This terminal velocity is 58±2 km s−1. It provides an excellent method in determination of the systematic velocity of the molecular cloud. The SMA observations have also shown that a large fraction of absorption against the two continuum cores is red-shifted with respect to the systematic velocities of Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(M), respectively, suggesting that the majority of the dense molecular gas is flowing into the two major cores where massive stars have been formed. We have solved the radiative transfer in a multi-level system with LVG approximation. The observed H2CO line intensities and their ratios can be adequately fitted with this model for the most of the gas components. However, the line intensities between the higher energy level transition H2CO (321 − 220) and the lower energy level transition H2CO (303 − 202) is reversed in the red-shifted outflow region of Sgr B2(M), suggesting the presence of inversion in population between the ground levels in the two K ladders (K−1= 0 and 2). The possibility of weak maser processes for the H2CO emission in Sgr B2(M) is discussed. Subject headings: Galaxy:center — ISM:individual (Sgr B2) — ISM:kinematics and dynamics — ISM:molecules — radio lines: ISM — star:formation Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138; email@example.com. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100012. Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, P.O.Box 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Department of Earth Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Section 4, Ting-Chou Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan.


The paper introduces the edge matching method of vector data on the basis of the arbitrary polygon domain. The method contains three steps: (1) the edge matching features district is divided into source features and target features in terms of the edge matching domain; (2) logical edge matching; (3) the automatic combination of attribute fields while physical edge matching. Test analysis indicated that the method of edge matching extends the mapsheet domain of edge matching to arbitrary polygon domain. The edge buffer search reduces the searched data, which greatly increases the search efficiency, and consequently improves the edge matching efficiency and the accuracy rate. The advantages and the procedure of the programs will be elaborated in the paper.


Background: Despite the increase in patients9 survival over the last years, multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable, being persistence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) a probable cause of drug resistance and disease relapse. It is possible to isolate these cells using surface antigen expression pattern (CD19+/CD34+/CD138-) and the activity of an enzyme from aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family (Boucher et al., 2012). We believe that using CD19 as potential marker of MM-CSCs makes CAR-T cell therapy against CD19 an option to eradicate residual MM disease. Aims: To isolate and characterize immunophenotypically, functionally and by gene expression the MM-CSCs derived from bone marrow (BM) samples of newly-diagnosed MM patients, focusing on identification of possible therapeutic targets. Methods: BM aspirates were collected and CD138+ cells were separated by magnetic sorting. The remaining cells were submitted to sorting by flow cytometry on FACSAria II (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), labeled with anti-CD19 Pacific Blue (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), anti-CD34 PE Cy7 and anti-CD138 APC (both from Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) antibodies, in addition to Aldefluor™ reagent (StemCell Technology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada). RNA was extracted and pre-amplified for PCR array analysis using the RT² Profiler™ PCR Array Human Cancer Stem Cells(Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) to assess the expression profile of 84 genes related to cancer stem cells, and the results were evaluated with the online software provided by the platform manufacturer. Results: MM-CSCs (CD34+/CD19+/CD138-/ALDH1+) were isolated by flow cytometry from MM samples and presented median of 1,748.5 events (ranging from 56 to 16,633, n = 16). For comparison purposes, CD138+ MM tumor cells were isolated and used as "control group" (median of events 72,904, ranging from 1,536 to 312,504, n = 15). RNA from 16 MM-CSC samples and 6 controls were analyzed by qPCR. Considering 2-ΔCt calculation (GAPDH as normalizer) and fold change of 2, 11 genes were considered differentially expressed in MM-CSCs when compared to tumor plasma cells (p Discussion and Conclusions: Our preliminary data shows that cells isolated using Boucher et al. (2012) selected markers have MM-CSCs characteristics, validated by the expression of at least three genes related to CSCs: ALDH1A1, ENG and ITGB1. We also identified WEE1overexpression in MM-CSCs and this data is a new finding in MM studies. WEE1 overexpression has been described in several cancers, such as mantle cell lymphoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer and glioblastoma. WEE1 inhibition by siRNAs or small molecule inhibitors AZD1775 (MK1775) and PD0407824, as shown in preclinical and clinical trials, impairs G2-M arrest and promotes premature entry in mitosis, leading to consequent cell death if DNA damage is irreparable (Mueller & Haas-Kogan, 2015). Therefore, these inhibitors could also be explored in MM treatment. Furthermore, we suggest that CAR-T cell therapy against CD19 might be and option to eradicate residual MM disease, since we confirmed that this antigen is present in MM-CSCs surface. Financial support: FAPESP 2010/17668-6 and FAPESP 2015/23983-5. Ethical approval: 0127/2014. Disclaimer: Oliveira MB and Dantonio PM equally contributed to this abstract. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.