OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of bacterial distribution and drug-resistance of the clinical lower respiratory tract specimens. METHODS Bacteria were cultured, isolated and identified with ATB Expression microbe identification system. Drug-resistance was detected with ATB system. RESULTS A total of 2 594 strains of bacteria were isolated from 4 594 specimens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the main strains in the isolated Gram-negative bacilli, which were the most sensitive to imipenem except for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Staphylococcus aureus was the main one in the isolated Gram-positive cocci, the isolation rate of MRSA was 71.9%. Enterococcus was isolated more and more. The isolation rate of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus was 4.4%. CONCLUSIONS Great changes took place in the bacterial distribution and drug-resistance in clinical lower respiratory tract specimens. In order to avoid to use antibiotics just by experience, and to reduce the production of drug-resistance, antibiotics should be selected reasonably, according to the results in microbe detection.


Ten Zucker Fatty (ZF) (ZUC-Leprfa 185) and 10 Zucker Lean (ZL) (ZUC-Leprfa 186) female rodents at 12-week-old were utilized in this test. The urethral sphincter rings were gathered from the bladder neck through to the most proximal 2/3 areas. In the organ bath study, single beats of electrical field stimulation(EFS) were applied. For the exhausting incitement, rehashed multi-beat EFS with 70 mA were applied at recurrence of 5 Hz for 5 min. Caffeine-containing Krebs' solution was administrated to get the urethra until the compression started to arrive at a level for 10 min. We performed immunofluorescence staining of the urethra after the investigation was done.


Background: Underweight is a public health problem globally, and more severe in South Sudan with wide regional differences. In Nimule border town, which represents other border towns in South Sudan, data on underweight among children below two years is unavailable. Thus, this study set out to assess determinants of underweight among children less than 24 months in Nimule boarder town, Pageri County, Eastern Equatoria State, South Sudan. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Nimule boarder town targeting 390 children below two years. Systematic sampling and simple random sampling methods were used. Data were collected through a researcher-administered questionnaire with both open and closed ended questions. Data was entered in EpiData and then exported into Statistical Package for Social Sciences research (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. Descriptive data analysis was conducted and data were summarized into frequencies and percentages, means with standard deviations, and medians with interquartile ranges. Bivariate analysis was conducted with the Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests for categorical independent variables, and the student's t-test for numerical variables. Finally, multivariate analysis was done via logistic regression analysis and results were stated as odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% con�dence interval (CI). The level of statistical signi�cance was set at 5%. Results: Out of 390 participants, 112 (28.7%) were under weight. The study showed primary (aOR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.12-1.18; P=0.095) and secondary (aOR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.12-1.17; P=0.091 levels of education were associated with underweight but not tertiary level of education (aOR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.21-2.74; p = 0.671). Household income of 5000 to 10,000 (aOR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10-0.68; P =0.006) and above 10,000 (aOR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04-0.28; P<0.001) South Sudanese pounds, supplementary feeding before 6 months (aOR; 0.01;


Abstract While burgeoning research on China's state–society relations has paid attention to the Party, little is known about how the Party interacts with diverse actors and involves itself at the grassroots level in a specific region. This article delineates Party-advancement strategies at the community level in Shenzhen since 2013. To reclaim its leading role at the grassroots level, the Party opted for "Party–government disaggregation" by framing community governance as a Party-building affair, separating the government's affairs from those of the Party and "kicking" the government out of the community. Under the rubric of "reshaping Party–mass relations," the Party penetrated deep into the community by innovating a "centre-periphery" organizational system, absorbing community elites in a top-down way and using a "service delivery taking the lead" method in a reciprocal exchange. In the end, the Party-governance structure, in which Party–mass relations are at the core, was reframed in the communities.


[Purpose] To examine the loading dynamics of the heel and forefoot during stair walking and slope walking. [Subjects and Methods] Fifteen healthy women with no history of orthopedic disease wore a shoe-type foot pressure measurement device and walked up and down stairs, and up and down a slope. The loads on the heel and forefoot and the time elapsed after heel contact were recorded for each condition. [Results] On the vertical ground reaction force loading curve of stair walking, the maximum forefoot value seen in the curve for walking on a flat surface was not observed during the loading response phase. The curve for ramp walking was similar to that for walking on a flat surface. [Conclusions] During stair walking, the forefoot reaches peak load earlier than the heel during the loading response phase. This probably occurs to smooth minimize vertical shift of the center of gravity when the body is raised and lowered.


2-[Bis(methylthio)methylene]cycloalkanones 1 react with diamines to give the corresponding 2-[tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ylidene]cycloalkanones 2a–e and 2-(2-imidazolidinylidene)cycloalkanones 2f, g. The ketene aminals 2 react with ethyl propiolate in alcoholic solution to afford 9-[(alkoxycarbonyl)-alkyl]pyrido[1,2-a]pyridines 5a–e, 6c, e, and 8-[(alkoxycarbonyl)alkyl]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines 5f, g 6g via ring cleavage of the cyclic ketones. This facile ring cleavage of cyclic ketones is unusual.

Synthese von Cycloalkanon-substituierten Keten-aminalen und ihre Reaktion mit Propiolsaure-ethylester

2-[Bis(methylthio)methylen]cycloalkanone 1 reagieren mit Diaminen zu 2-[Tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H)-yliden]cycloalkanonen 2a–e und 2-(2-Imidazolidinyliden)cycloalkanonen 2f, g. Die Ketenaminale 2 ergeben mit Propiolsaure-ethylester in Alkohollosung die 9-[(Alkoxycarbonyl)alkyl]pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine 5a–e, 6c, e und 8-[(Alkoxycarbonyl)alkyl]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine 5f, g, 6g unter Ringoffnung der cyclischen Ketone. Diese leichte Ringoffnung von cyclischen Ketonen ist ungewohnlich.


The present study sought to investigate deviation in translation of poetry based on Berman's (1985) model of "Text Deformation System". Primarily, English translation of one hundred fifty lines of Book II of Rumi's Mathnavi, translated by Nicholson, in 1926, were analyzed based on twelve deforming items of Berman's model and compared to Persian lines corrected by Nicholson as the source to find out the deformations. Then, chi-square test was conducted to investigate the differences among the frequencies of occurred deformations. The results revealed the deviation, especially syntactic deviation, of poetry translation based on Berman's model. There were statistically significant differences among the occurred deviations. The findings also revealed that Rationalization, Destruction of rhythm, Destruction of linguistic patterning, Destruction of underlying network of signification, and Expansion were the most frequent items among  the twelve deforming items.


Recently, the use of augmented reality in clinical environments has been increasing. Volume rendering is very useful in medical applications for visualizing volume data such as CT and MRI data. In this paper, we propose a real-time volume rendering that runs on AR glasses with limited computational power. In the proposed method, we introduce a new volume data structure based on the concept of level of detail (LOD).


Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells. Several organs, including the heart, involve EMT in their development. Several factors are involved in activation of the endocardial cells. One of these is the heart‐lectin associated matrix protein‐1 (hLAMP‐1). We asked whether downregulation of hLAMP‐1 would affect EMT. To answer this question, we constructed a miRNA to hLAMP‐1 (miR hLAMP‐1) and used it to transfect stage 15–16 chick embryo myocardial cultures. Initially we plated hearts into 24‐well culture plates and transfected these cultures with 1ug the mir‐hLAMP‐1 plasmid. Other cultures were treated with carrier alone or left in media. After determining the transfection rate, total RNA was isolated from these cultures and used for PCR. Results suggested that this construct reduced the hLAMP‐1 message. While promising, these results were not consistent, so we decided to optimize the culture conditions for both the number of hearts to plate per well and the transfection ratio. Results from these experiments suggested that 4 hearts per well and 1:5 transfection ratio gave the highest transfection rate. Currently, we are using these observations to confirm that this construct reduces the message for hLAMP‐1. If successful we will then test media from these cultures in a bioassay of mesenchyme formation.


The present invention cell phone case automatic coating relates to an apparatus, in particular, and equipped with a case of the mobile phone in a more stable, by automated equipment for applying the coating to the color required for the external surface of the cellular phone case, areas to be coated a case only improve the quality and productivity of the coating to be coated, and relates to a cell phone case that the automatic coating apparatus sprays coating material flow of the production line of mobile phones with high productivity can be done economically. The invention and the conveyor constituting the transfer line; It is sequentially transported along the conveyor line, and a jig for mounting a plurality of cellular phone case; Antistatic and jejingi which is provided on the conveyor line to remove the static electricity or foreign matter of the cellular phone case mounted on the jig and; While installed, the static electricity elimination and jejingi rear end of the conveyor line turning the cellular phone case through the jig and the first coater to coat undercoating by a spray gun; IR drier which is provided at the rear end the primary coating of the conveyor line dried while conveying the cellular phone case through a jig and; Installed on the IR dryer downstream of the conveyor line while rotating the cellular phone case through a fixture and a secondary coating for top coat coating by a spray gun; The jig feed plate being conveyed along a conveyor, comprising the IR and UV dryer which is installed in the rear end a secondary coating of the conveyor line dried while rotating the cellular phone case, mounted on a jig and, rotatable on the upper part of the carrier plate and full time coupled to, the rotary is coupled detachably to the upper frame is made of a mounting member to which a plurality of pieces of cellular phone case rests, the lab the damping and the electricity is installed in the conveyor line, in the interior of the workroom installation is characterized in that the rotating part for rotating the rotating body of the jig, and a brush and an air supply unit for removing static electricity or foreign matter in the cellular phone case, there is provided on the back of the lab made of a intake fan for discharging the foreign matter to the outside cell phone case provides an automatic coating device. Robots, cell phones, paint, coating line, automatic spray


Purpose: Changes in our healthcare system and funding constraints create a pressing need to explore new ways to respond to the ever-increasing demands while maintaining high quality patient care in Radiation Oncology (RO). Physician Assistants (PA) undergo medical training at accredited programs in Canada or the U.S.A. Direct mentorship by supervising Radiation Oncologists (RO) is integral to obtain oncology-based knowledge in order to function in a sub-specialized role. Herein, we aimed to assess a pilot project incorporating a PA within a Department of RO at a tertiary care academic cancer center and to identify opportunities for role expansion.
Materials and Methods: From January 2015 to December 2019, data from ambulatory care clinical activities were prospectively collected for a PA practicing in a RO Department. Indicators relating to activities profile (clinical, educational and administrative), new consultations, follow-ups and on-treatment reviews were captured and analyzed. The PA role and schedule has an adaptable component in response to the clinical needs of the RO department, with emphasis to be assigned in clinics where absence of residents or fellows would negatively impact patient flow and wait times. For consistency, data was derived from sites of continuous involvement only, during the period of January – December 2019.
Results: Over the 5-year assessment interval, the PA provided at least one session (e.g. half a day) of care-related activities within twelve disease sites. Of these, participation was continuous in 4 sites in 2019: Breast, GU, Eye, and Endocrine. During 2019, the PA was involved (e.g. assessment, evaluation and/or patient education) in 3.2% (49 of 1516) of the Breast, 4.3% (56 of 1311) of the GU, 39.2% (104 of 256) of the Eye and 27% (85 of 314) of the Endocrine clinic new consultations. The total new consultations seen by the PA across all sites for 2019 was 4.16% (377 of 9054) in a department with 37 RO and 1 PA.
Conclusions: Within a tertiary care RO Department, a PA provides an additional model of care within a variety of tumor sites. The PA acquired RO related expertise, and the role can expand access to specialized RO care. It has the flexibility to evolve and adapt across disease sites. Incorporating PAs to the care delivery paradigm within busy tertiary centers can increase capacity for patient care, education and research activities. Future studies ascertaining PA impact on patient wait times, task delegation, role expansion, patient satisfaction and value assessment of this model are warranted.


Background

Numerous cross-sectional studies have shown that people with obesity and overweight report lower health related quality of life (HRQoL). However, there is a clear lack of studies analyzing the association using longitudinal data. This study aims to investigate the association between eight-year weight change and HRQoL measured by the EQ-5D.

Methods

A population-based survey was conducted among a random sample of 31,182 individuals from Stockholm County aged 18-84 years in 2002. Respondents were reassessed in 2007 and 2010. The …


This paper demonstrates the co-optimization of all critical device parameters of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJ) in 1 Gbit arrays with an equivalent bitcell size of 22 F2 at the 28 nm logic node for embedded STT-MRAM. Through thin-film tuning and advanced etching of sub-50 nm (diameter) pMTJ, high device performance and reliability were achieved simultaneously, including TMR = 150 %, Hc > 1350 Oe, Heff <; 100 Oe, Δ = 85, Ic (35 ns) = 94 μA, Vbreakdown = 1.5 V, and high endurance (> 1012 write cycles). Reliable switching with small temporal variations (<; 5 %) was obtained down to 10 ns. In addition, tunnel barrier integrity and high temperature device characteristics were investigated in order to ensure reliable STT-MRAM operation.


This paper describes a large central computer control system designed to communicate with energy management equipment. The problems and solutions involved in the use of ''black boxes,'' simple energy management controllers, dumb CRT and ''block structured'' communication protocols, duty cycling, and ladder logic are discussed. The hardware is divided into five groups: communications, operator interface, data storage, peripheral devices, and auxilliary processing. The central system configuration is given. Functional software organization is schematicized. Alarm monitoring, anomaly detection, and program validity checking and load simulation are highlighted. Such a computer system should be modular, and dictated by the requirements of energy management in the specific facility--not the other way around.


In present study, we report the blood pressure lowering, vasodilatory and cardio-depressant activities of Lens culinaris . The crude extract of L. culinaris induced dose-dependent (3-30 mg/kg) fall in the arterial pressure of rats under anesthesia. When tested in rat aortic ring preparations, L. culinaris at concentration range of 0.03-5.0 mg/mL relaxed high K + (80 mM) and phenylephrine (1 μM)-induced contractions, like that caused by verapamil. In isolated guinea-pig atria, L. culinaris caused inhibition of atrial force and rate of spontaneous contractions, similar to that exhibited by verapamil. These data indicate that L. culinaris exhibits blood pressure lowering potential, mediated possibly through Ca ++ channel blockade mechanism. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v9i3.19090


The eigenphase shifts and mixing parameters for elastic p-d scattering below the deuteron-breakup threshold are calculated for the AV14 two-body potential using two different numerical methods. The excellent agreement confirms that it is possible to perform accurate numerical studies of p-d scattering as well as n-d scattering for low energies. The numerical results can be considered as benchmarks for future calculations.


Employing the Quark Mass Density- and temperature-dependent model and the Hartle's method, we have studied the slowly rotating strange star with uniform angular velocity. The mass–radius relation, the moment of inertia and the frame dragging for different frequencies are given. We found that we cannot use the strange star to solve the challenges of Stella and Vietri for the horizontal branch oscillations and the moment of inertia I45/(M/Ms)>2.3. Furthermore, we extended the Hartle's method to study the differential rotating strange star and found that the differential rotation is an effective way to get massive strange star.


Through the analysis of groundwater experimental data of Bo county for 20consecutive years,the regulation of the river surface water recharging to the shallow groundwater and groundwater lateral drainage is introduced.


Formaldehyde (H 2 CO) was detected in IC 443G, a clump of molecular gas impacted by the shock driven by the IC 443 SNR. The excitation of H 2 CO is found to be unusual: the rotation temperature within K −1 ladders (∼23 K) is much less than the rotation temperature between K −1 ladders (≥150 K). Detailed LVG and microturbulent radiative transfer analyses of eight observed transitions (four para, four ortho) show that IC 443G is very warm and very dense. The two-temperature excitation of H 2 CO cannot be explained by radiative excitation, but can be produced by cool electrons at low kinetic temperature, acting together with hot neutral colliders


The timing estimation is presented the system and method. In particular, the first pilot is used in relation to the three stage acquisition. In the first stage, first an attempt is made to observe the leading edge of the correlation curve associated with a pilot symbol. In a second stage, by carrying out an attempt to observe the trailing edge of the correlation curve a determination is made as to ensure that the leading edge has been detected on the first stage. In addition, during the second stage, the frequency loop is updated to account for the frequency offset. The third stage is a stage for observing the trailing edge of the curve, when the trailing edge is not observed in the second stage. It detects the reception of the first pilot, the second pilot may be used to obtain fine symbol timing to the next.


This paper uses the proposed concept of travel horizons to analyze the travel behavior and accumulated travel experience of New Zealand residents. It reveals the growing familiarity of New Zealanders with overseas destinations. However, it is also argued that the concept of travel horizons needs to be modified in order to reflect long-term travel patterns and, therefore, the concept of destination zone horizons is suggested which recognizes that an individual can ascend as well as descend on the horizon ladder.


The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating chronic urinary tract infection in aged female patients. The traditional Chinese medicine composition belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine compositions, is prepared by combining honeysuckle, fructus forsythiae, polygonum aviculare, dianthus superbus, ricepaperplant pith, radix rehmanniae, rehmannia glutinosa, mantis egg-cases, alpinia oxyphylla, semen plantaginis, nodus nelumbinis rhizomatis, radix sophorae flavescentis, rhizoma smilacis glabrae, fructus kochiae and radix glycyrrhizae preparata to interact with one another to complement and benefit mutually, and has the effects of clearing heat and removing toxicity as well as eliminating dampness and treating stranguria; the traditional Chinese medicine composition is low in cost, free from any side effect, short in treatment course and significant in curative effect; and the total effective rate is 92% for one treatment course, and 98% for two treatment courses.


We consider the nonlinear equation ∆u = j uj p 1 u "u in Ω ;u = 0 on @Ω; where Ω is a smooth bounded domain in R n , n � 4 , " is a small positive parameter, and p = ( n + 2) =( n 2) . We study the existence of sign-changing solutions that concentrate at some points of the domain. We prove that this problem has no solutions with one positive and one negative bubble. Furthermore, for a family of solutions with exactly two positive bubbles and one negative bubble, we prove that the limits of the blow-up points satisfy a certain condition.


On the basis of a size single plane array CCD (SPAC-1), we study and establish a digital aerial photogrammetry camera system, which adopts a "3+1"modular design method, i.e., three k k 9 9 × k k 2 2 × CCD modules for recording RGB band images and one CCD module for recording the panchromatic image. Every module has an independent optical system, with the same ground coverage obtained at the exposal instant. After the flight, k k 9 9 × k k 2 2 × size true colour images are first synthesized with RGB band images, then true colour images are fused with k k 2 2 × k k 9 9 × panchromatic images, and finally colour images are obtained. A comprehensive flight test was carried out with this camera system in Qufu area, Shandong province in May, 2005. In the flight conditions of a 800m-flight height and a 150 velocity, this camera achieved the 10cm GSD design index. Employing these images, we plot a 1:1000 topographic map and field precision test shows that the horizontal mean square error of outstanding points relative to the nearest GCP is 0.3 , the vertical mean square error 0.45 . So far, 340 of Guangzhou City aerial photogrammtry task has been finished by using this system. k k 9 9 ×


Among the early warning systems there is one developed by the Canadian Forest Service, called the Fire Weather Index (FWI). To contribute in the creation of an early warning system this index was used to determine the fire danger conditions in Malinche National Park. Calculations of the elements contained in the FWI system were made using the automated version of the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System applied to a series of daily data from January 2004 to October 2009 in five weather stations installed in the park at an altitude of 3,000 m. Four categories were created with the values of the correlation components according to fire frequency and damaged area. Maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and rain were identified. Minimum high fire danger thresholds were set for each one of the elements. In the case of Fine Fuel Moisture Code the maximum threshold was set at 80 points, if this value is exceeded the number of fires per day substantially increased. The Drought Code, the Initial Spread Index and Buildup Index, were most significant in relation to fire frequency. The probability of fires was calculated according to certain ranges of values of these components.


Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are the catalytic subunits or protein kinases characterized by separate subunit "cyclin" that are essential for their enzymatic activity. CDKs play important roles in the control of cell cycle progression, cell division, neuronal function, epigenetic regulation, metabolism, stem cell renewal and transcription. However, they can accomplish some of these tasks independently, without binding with cyclin protein or kinase activity. Thus, so far, twenty different CDKs and cyclins have been reported in mammalian cells. The evolutionary expansion of the CDK family in mammals led to the division of CDKs into three cell-cycle-related subfamilies (Cdk1, Cdk4 and Cdk5) and five transcriptional subfamilies (Cdk7, Cdk8, Cdk9, Cdk11 and Cdk20). In this review, we summarizes that how CDKs are traditionally involve their latest revelations, their functional diversity beyond cell cycle regulation and their impact on development of disease in mammals.


This report of a survey of eight states which implemented the School to Work Opportunities Act (STWOA) provides information on provisions in the state plans, the extent to which special educators participate in planning and implementation efforts, and how tbneeds of students with disabilities have been addressed. An overview is provided of the STWOA, including components of a school-to-work program and activities for local partnerships. Challenges that the law places on educational systems in general and special education in particular are considered, along with recommendations to help special educators use STWOA programs to benefit students with disabilities. Charts provide survey results and allow comparison across states. Brief state profiles are presented for Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, New Jersey, Oregon, and Wisconsin. It was found that most responding, states had undertaken the 18 key activities required or recommended in the STWOA state plans. Special education personnel were less often involved in activities not associated directly with education (e.g., promotion of business involvement), but are involved in activities that have direct service ramifications. The needs of students with disabilities are more likely to receive specific attention when special education personnel are involved in a particular activity. The survey form is appended, along with results of school-to-work inquiry by category and state. (SW) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** THE SCHOOL TO WORK OPPORTUNITIES ACT: AN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED STATES' INITIAL EFFORTS by Patricia Morrissey and Joy Hicks Final Report Year 2 Deliverable #6-2-3 Under Contract No. HS92015001 June 21,1995 Prepared for Office of Special Education Programs U.S. Department of Education Prepared by: Project FORUM Joy Hicks, Director U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOUROI:S INFORMATION CE NTE ICRIC1 /his document tills been reproduced as received fro, the person or organizatiOn originatin; it C Min, changes have been made to improve rsproduction quality Ponts ot view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent 0/how OE RI position or 1)011Cy National Association of State Directors of Special Education 1800 Diagonal Road, Suite 320 Alexandria, VA 22314 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE This report was supported in whole or in part by the U.S. Department of Education (Contract No. HS92015001). However, the opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and no official endorsement by the Department should be inferred.


The transport of small molecules across a phospholipid membrane is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of size, hydrophobicity, and asphericity of the penetrants on the permeation process are investigated. For this purpose, permeability coefficients of oxygen and ammonia are computed using an inhomogeneous solubility−diffusion model and compared to the previously computed results of the permeation of water. Furthermore, solubility and diffusion data are computed for a series of Lennard-Jones particles that differ in size and shape. The results are discussed within the framework of the four-region model and are especially related to the free volume characteristics of the membrane. It is concluded that the free energy of solvation mainly determines the shape of the permeation resistance profile. For hydrophobic particles the membrane interior will act as a trap instead of a barrier. Moderately hydrophilic and hydrophilic penetrants experience the largest resistance to permeation in the de...


A problem of a dynamically growing crack, which is approaching an interface between the two elastic isotropic materials at an arbitrary angle, is considered in this paper. That crack could behave in three ways: (i) it can arrest at contact with the interface, (ii) it can deflect into the interface and continue to propagate along it or (iii) the crack can penetrate the interface and continue to propagate in the material across it. The competition between the latter two cases can be estimated by considering the ratio of the energy release rates necessary for the crack penetrating the interface and for the crack deflecting into the interface. A concept that the criterion for the dynamic crack growth in homogeneous solids could be based on the static stress field, with addition of the stress intensity factor dependent on time, is used here to explain the behavior of the crack approaching the interface in dynamic loading conditions. Obtained results enable comparison of the interface dynamic fracture toughness to the fracture toughness of the base material (without the interface), to determine whether the incoming crack would deflect into or would penetrate the interface. If the ratio between the dynamic fracture toughness of the interface and the dynamic fracture toughness of the material into which the crack continues to propagate was less than the ratio of the dynamic release rates for the deflecting and penetrating crack, the incoming crack would deflect into the interface. If the case was reversed, the crack would cross the interface and continue to propagate in the material across it. Comparison of results for the load phase angle dependence on the crack tip propagation speed and on the approaching angle, obtained by this criterion and by the maximum stress direction criterion, proves the validity of the energy release rate concept adopted in this analysis.


The 3 3Σ+–X 1Σ+ transition of KRb is observed by resonance enhanced two-photon ionization in a pulsed molecular beam. Hyperfine splittings of 39K85Rb and 39K87Rb isotopomers are observed. From the magnitude of hyperfine splittings, we found that the main hyperfine structure was dominated by the Fermi contact interaction between the Rb nuclear spin and the unpaired electron spin. The Fermi contact interaction constants were determined to be 291 MHz for 39K85Rb and 665 MHz for 39K87Rb. In the KRb 3 3Σ+ state the electron spin couples more strongly with the Rb nuclear spin than with other angular momenta, and the energy level structure is well described by the hyperfine angular momentum coupling scheme of the bβS case. The molecular constants and the Rydberg–Klein–Rees potential energy curve of the 3 3Σ+ state were determined.


A significant amount of apiaries is destroyed in most areas of Iraq by attacking of the hornet Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771, as well as the deterioration of European honey bees' Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 productivity recently because the environmental changes and pollutions; this effect was evident in the economy and plant production, because the bees as the most popular species of pollinator of crops globally. There is no effective and environmentally safe method yet; Therefore, this study suggested to use essential oils of Mediterranean cypress Cupressus sempervirens L., 1753 (Pinales: Cupressaceae), and testing as a repellant substance. In the current investigations, we used three concentrations: 25000, 50000 and 100000 ppm to test efficacy the essential oil as a repellant with cow spleen as attractive bait for this wasp, in addition to, the extract was tested it within the apiary beehives to prevent wasps attacking and catching the worker bees. The result showed that the concentrations of 50000 and 100000 ppm were high repellant material, without finding any significant difference in statistical analysis; although it's found between these concentrations and other treatments including the control. Therefore, we recommend using the concentration 50000 ppm in the apiaries to give it amazing results and a clear repellant of wasps, as they avoid getting close to the beehives openings at a distance of 45 cm. In addition, this essential oil did not effect on the activity of bees during the field observations.


This paper presents the mixed-dimensional partitioned nonlinear analysis of framed structures with masonry infill. The analysis method is elaborated with the help of an example frame made of steel sections with brick masonry infill. The structure is partitioned in a hierarchic manner using a domain  decomposition technique based on dual partition super-elements. The frame is subjected to a load increasing constantly on its free end. The final deflected shape after the analysis is presented that shows a separation occurring at the location of the mortar between bricks. Contours showing plastic work flow at the interfaces are also presented.


Presently, Parsis who have followed Zoroastrianism for generations are suffering from a dwindling population due to a falling birthrate, aging and increasing inter-marriage. On the other hand, the supposed number of converts and would-be converts is increasing around the world. Some say that they are approximately 2 million in number. However, this is not good news for Parsis, especially for orthodox Parsis. In the Parsi community, the orthodox and the reformists, who have shown some understanding of the situation, are in fierce conflict with each other over their attitude towards converts and their inter-marriage with Parsi women. During the 18th century, the Parsis experienced a series of community divisions, which led to a decline in their religious authority. Consequently, while their knowledge about Zoroastrianism has been affected by European Zoroastrian studies, the establishment of their own Zoroastrianism was halted. The sequence of events in the community has disrupted the building of a Parsi identity. The present conflict in their community represents this disruption.


. Let F be a number field and K a cyclic extension of degree / over F, where / is a rational prime. The /-class group of K is analyzed as a Gal(/C/F)-module in the case where the /-class group of F is trivial. The resulting structure theorem is used to compute the structure of the 3-class groups of certain cyclic cubic fields that are discussed in a paper of D. Shanks.


Translating video to language is very challenging due to diversified video contents originated from multiple activities and complicated integration of spatio-temporal information. There are two urgent issues associated with the video-to-language translation problem. First, how to transfer knowledge learned from a more general dataset to a specific application domain dataset? Second, how to generate stable video captioning (or description) results under different sampling rates? In this paper, we propose a novel temporal embedding method to better retain temporal representation under different video sampling rates. We present a transfer learning method that combines a stacked LSTM encoder-decoder structure and a temporal embedding learning with soft-attention (TELSA) mechanism. We evaluate the proposed approach on two public datasets, including MSR-VTT and MSVD. The promising experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Taxi demand prediction is an intensively studied topic in intelligent transportation research. Recently, deep learning models have been widely applied and have shown good performances. However, these methods overlook the existence of hyper-imbalanced taxi demand, which may result in good indicators in numerical experiments but weak performance in real scenarios. In this paper, we focus on the hyper-imbalance data and improve deep learning abilities for taxi demand prediction. To accomplish this task, slice indicators are introduced to fairly evaluate prediction performance at each taxi demand level. Then, through the lens of the slice indicators, a new form of loss called slice-weighted loss (SWL) is developed to improve the prediction of high taxi demand. Combining the SWL with an improved convolutional long short-term memory (Conv-LSTM) model, a spatiotemporal network called slice-wighted-Conv-LSTM (SW-CLSTM) is proposed. It can overcome the problem of data hyper-imbalance and make considerable improvements in taxi demand prediction. By conducting extensive experiments on large-scale TLC trips, we validate the power of sliceindicators and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach over state-of-the-art methods.


Objectives/Hypothesis: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) fusion imaging in the detection and management of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer.


Aging is the most important risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa), but how age contributes to PCa is poorly understood. Aging is characterized by low‐grade systemic inflammation (i.e., inflammaging) that is often attributed to the progressive activation of immune cells over time, which may play an important role in prostate carcinogenesis. Th17 response is elevated in aging humans and mice, but it remains unknown whether it is increased in prostate tissue or contributes to prostate carcinogenesis during aging. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of age‐related Th17 response in PCa cell growth, migration, and invasion.


A single LaMnO_3 buffer layer was developed for the growth of superconducting thick YBa_2Cu_3O_7−δ (YBCO) films on polycrystalline Ni-alloy substrates where a biaxially textured MgO layer, produced by ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD), was used as a template. Using pulsed laser deposition, a 1.65-μm-thick YBCO film with a critical current density of 1.4 × 10^6 A/cm^2 in self field at 75 K was achieved on sputtered LaMnO3-buffered IBAD MgO substrates. This corresponds to a critical current (I_c) of 231 A/cm-width. This result demonstrates the possibility of using both LaMnO_3 buffer and IBAD MgO template for producing high current density YBCO-coated conductors.


Objective To investigate the emotional state of HIV infected individuals and their family members in an AIDS village in Hunan Province and to examine the relationship between the emotional state and the coping style and social support.Methods The HIV infected individuals,their family members and normal subjects (control group) were investigated by Irritability,Depression and Anxiety Scale,Social Support Assessment Scale and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire.Results (1)In regard to the total scores of anxiety,irritability,negative coping style and social support,significant differences were found between the infected group and the control group.(2)In regard to the scores of inner irritability,subjective social support and objective social support,significant differences were found between the family member group and the control group.(3)The scores of depression of the HIV infected individuals and their family members were negatively associated with the use of social support and objective social support,and the scores of depression,anxiety and inner irritability were positively associated with the use of negative coping style.Conclusion The HIV infected individuals and their family members make less use of social support and have poorer emotional state and it is essential to implement psychological intervention for them.Moreover,the intervention strategies should be designed according to the age of the subjects.


Abstract Two cationic mixed-ligand complexes, [Co(L)cyc]NO3 C2H5OH (A) and [Co2(L)tpmc](CJO4)2 CH3CN (B), were prepared, where eye = 1, 4, 8, 11-tetraaza-cyclotetradecane, tpmc = N, N′, N″, N′″-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1, 4, 8, 11-tetraaza-cyclotetradecane and L = bicyclo[2. 2. 1]-hept-5-en-endo-2, 3-cis-dicarboxylate dianion. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, ion-exchange chromatography, magnetic moments, conductance measurements, IR, 13C NMR and UV/VIS spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. It is suggested that the complexes A and B have octahedral structures with endobidentate or exo-(bis)-bidentate coordination of L.


Abstract Crowdsourcing has gained a lot of traction since it was christened way back in 2006, and its growing embracement across the industries augurs well for its future growth. As the ultimate target of any marketing activity is the consumer, it becomes highly imperative to gauge the effect of a crowdsourcing activity on the consumers' perception and behavior. The present study desires to achieve the same through an experimental research methodology and uses the brand equity framework to assess the non-participants (consumers who do not participate in crowdsourcing activity) perceptions and behavioral intentions toward the crowdsourcing brand. Moreover, as crowdsourcing is also being labeled and criticized as an exploitative form of activity, so as to further accentuate the findings, the difference in the effect on brand equity and behavioral intention on the basis of crowdsourcing campaigns (in context of social and non-social campaigns) is also measured. Overall, the study reveals that crowdsourcing as a concept per se creates favorable consumer brand perceptions and behavioral intentions, provided crowdsourcing involve social initiative.


An adaptive matrix inverse (AMI) method is presented to identify the temperature and unknown boundary heat flux in a domain of a regular or irregular shape with temperature-dependent properties. The nonlinear problem is broken down into a number of linear submodels, and for each submodel, the temperature is obtained in measuring points. Next, based on the matching degree between the temperatures measured and calculated by each prediction submodel, the submodels are weighted and combined to create the full model for the solution of an inverse nonlinear heat transfer problem. Comparisons are also made with the existing multiple model adaptive inverse (MMAI) algorithm and method based on the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA). The results of the presented numerical tests for undisturbed and disturbed "measuring" data indicate that the heat fluxes identified by the AMI method are close to the exact values. The application of the presented method for bodies with an irregular shape is also demonstrated. The AMI method has been experimentally verified during the thick-walled cylinder cooling process. The proposed method can be applied in online diagnostic systems for thermal state monitoring.


Monocular depth estimation is a highly challenging problem that is often addressed with deep neural networks. While these are able to use recognition of image features to predict reasonably looking depth maps the result often has low metric accuracy. In contrast traditional stereo methods using multiple cameras provide highly accurate estimation when pixel matching is possible. In this work we propose to combine the two approaches leveraging their respective strengths. For this purpose we propose a network structure that given an image provides a parameterization of a set of depth maps with feasible shapes. Optimizing over the parameterization then allows us to search the shapes for a photo consistent solution with respect to other images. This allows us to enforce geometric properties that are difficult to observe in single image as well as relaxes the learning problem allowing us to use relatively small networks. Our experimental evaluation shows that our method generates more accurate depth maps and generalizes better than competing state-of-the-art approaches.


As for the administration of students in Ancient Academies,the behavior administration is its surface and the mind administration is its basic.The administration of students in Ancient Academies focused on students mastering knowledge and forming morality.Ancient Academies undertook double task,mass and elite,in enrollment.In the administration of students,the self-control of students was together with the guidance of teachers,the autonomy of Ancient Academies was together with the intervene of government.The balanced characteristics in Ancient Academies can enlighten the reformation of administration of students in colleges and universities.


Las Vegas —Combined phacoemulsification with endocyclophotocoagulation (phaco-ECP) can be beneficial for patients with medically controlled glaucoma who are undergoing cataract surgery, according to long-term follow-up results, said Stanley J. Berke, MD, FACS, at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.


Binding mode of CQ to the active site of FIH-1. (a) CQ coor-dinates Fe(II) deep inside the binding pocket. C6 and C7 are expose d from the binding pocket facing outward. Two open spaces around C6 and C7 (OS-1 and OS-2) are indicated as filled arrows. (b) the view isrotated about 90


ntil a few years ago, the long-term insulation behaviour of the UCFC-11 blown polyurethane foams mainly used at that time could be forecasted by the already existing product certification methods. The two best-known tests are the NORD and the ASCERMI method. Some of these certification methods were founded on the basis of several decades of experience with CFC-11 blown foams; they will fail if agents other than Rll are used. Other methods can easily handle different CFC alternatives, but fail if the foam is heterogeneous or has permeable facings. However, since the foams blown with alternative blowing agents will behave differently and there is no long-term ageing data, it is not possible to make use of the already existing certification procedures to forecast the long-term insulation effectiveness. The superior thermal insulating properties of rigid low density polyurethane foam is due to the continued presence of the high molecular weight blowing agents (HMwBA). Because the partial pressures of the gas components present in the foam change with time due to an inward diffusion of air and an outward diffusion of the HMwBA and possibly CO2, thermal ageing arises. For an unfaced foam, the effusion of


After the Great National Revolution failed,who on earth should take the responsibility for this failure,the International Communist or Chen Duxiu?With the data in Russian Archive Gallery opening to the public,we have a further possibility to understand this problem clearly.In my opinion,it is undeniable that the International Communist and the Communist party of Soviet union should take the main responsibility for the failure.Of course,the purpose of researching this problem is not to condemn any side,on the contrary,we only want to sum up the experience,and use it to guide the future.


Novel polyimide with better thermostability,lower dielectric constant and constant loss were synthesized by fluorinated modification and molecular structural design and predicted as coatings with highly electromagnetic wave permeability.4-(4-aminophenoxy)-3-fluoroaniline(APFA) was obtained by 2-fluoro-4nitrophenol and 4-nitrochlorobenzene,then the formed 2-fluoro-4-nitro-1-(4-nitrophenoxy) benzene(FNNB) was transferred by catalytic reduction with hydrazine hydrate and catalyst of Pd/C.The asymmetric fluorinated was synthesized with 6FDA in DMAc solution by imidization of polyamic acid.Asymmetric polyimide exhibited excellent thermal stability with the decomposition temperature and the glass transition temperature of 502.50 and 251.60 ℃.The residual weight(R w) at 700 ℃ was 49.86%.AFM images of polyimide film showed that the grain sizes were in narrow ranges with evenly surface and mean roughness of 9.024 nm.The UV-Vis absorption edge was at 357 nm and the transparency at 450 nm was higher than 80%.The dielectric constant was 3.65 at 1 MHz and 2.38 at 10 MHz,and the maximum dielectric loss was 0.010 7.


Hydrolysis of the Bordetella pertussis endotoxin, extracted from both "phase I" and "phase IV" bacteria, with 4 M HCl for 1 h at 100 degrees C, released the disaccharide named in the title; it was isolated by paper electrophoresis or by ion-exchange chromatography in about 1% yield (w/w). The structure of the heptose could be rigorously established by chemical degradation; the facts that the glucosaminidic linkage was hydrolysed by an enzyme preparation containing both, alpha and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activities, whereas it was resistant to cleavage by pure beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase strongly support the assumption that the disaccharide contains an alpha-D-glucosaminide linkage.


To reconcile storytelling and educational meta-goals in the context of a serious game, we propose to make use of out-of-character reasoning in virtual agents. We will implement these agents in a serious game of our design, which will focus on social interaction in conflict scenarios with the meta-goal of improving social awareness of users. The agents will use out-of-character reasoning to manage conflicts by assuming different in-character personalities or by planning to take specific actions based on interaction with the users. In-character reasoning is responsible for the storytelling concerns of character believability and consistency. These are not endangered by out-of-character reasoning, as it takes in-character information into account when making decisions.


During the last years the laundry sector has been confronted with important challenges concerning the water treatment. Stricter norms and a rising fresh water costs make a more profound effluent purification, coupled with water reuse, more and more necessarily. In this paper, the potential contribution of the integration of partial chemical oxidation in realising these challenges, has been examined. This study comprises experimental work, as well as simulations for different water networks including economical aspects. For the wastewater under study, the Fenton reagent, O3, peroxone and UV/O3 with a partial dose of 10% are used. From the pilot-scale experiments, the combination UV/O3 has shown to improve the BOD/COD ratio by 70%, which makes a further treatment in a biological unit possible. The improved BOD/COD ratio for the UV/O3 combination exceeds the increase with respect to pure O3 by approximately 20%. These observations clearly confirm the synergetic effects of combining UV and O3 for this wastewater. All other selected techniques show a less significant increase in BOD/COD ratio. Finally a case study shows on the one hand that water reuse can lead to the necessary cost savings and on the other hand that the integration of partial chemical oxidation can be economically profitable. The expected increase of fresh water and groundwater costs will proportionally favour the economic feasibility of partial chemical oxidation.


A long-living metastable state is produced in FeII[Fe(CN)5NO]·xH2O by an irradiation of 488 nm light at 200 K. A strong near-infrared band of about 10000 cm−1 and a ν(CN) band at 2070 cm−1 that newly appear in the metastable state point to development of the mixed-valence state analogous to Prussian blue. An iron-to-nitrosyl charge transfer in pentacyanonitrosylferrate(2−), [Fe(CN)5NO]2−, explains the formation of the mixed-valence state, because the charge transfer causes a pair of iron(II) and iron(III) atoms bridged by CN− that has the same local structure as Prussian blue. In addition to the formation of the metastable state, the prolonged irradiation causes an irreversible change of FeII[Fe(CN)5NO]·xH2O and leads to the formation of a photoproduct. The photoproduct also has infrared spectra characteristic of the mixed-valence state. Mossbauer spectra of the photoproduct show that a low-spin iron ion in pentacyanonitrosylferrate(2−) is divalent and a high-spin iron outside of pentacyanonitrosylferrate...


Microbial Fuel Cells are a promising technology for many different applications like wastewater treatment and energy supply system for monitoring hostile environments. In this article, we discuss and analyze the possibility to use jointly a small scale MFC as an energy source and a biosensor to monitor the health of the plants, with an embedded wireless sensor node. We present the prototype of the MFC and the embedded system powered by the electric energy generated by bacteria. The rate of energy generation is used as a feedback on plant's health state. Finally, we demonstrate that the amount of scavenged energy is sufficient to power on even some external sensors embedded in the wireless node.


The article substantiates the statement that the idea of corporationism, integral consolidation in the continuum person/organization, acts as a crucial condition for providing organizational security. The notion corporationism is defined and components and varieties of companies security in organizations with different levels of corporationism manifestation are investigated.


In an earlier paper, we proved the existence of solutions to the Skorohod problem with oblique reflection in time-dependent domains and, subsequently, applied this result to the problem of construc ...


Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Binghuangfule cream in the treatment of neurodermatitis.Methods A randomized,parallel comparative clinical observation was performed in 100 patients with neurodermatitis.They were divided into two groups.The experimental group of 50 cases was treated with Binghuangfule cream was wed for bath,and the control group of 50 cases was treated with hydrocortisone butyrate and cetirizine.The treatment course in both groups lasted 2 weeks.Results 2 cases in the experimental group and 1 case in the contrat group were lost to follow-up.The total effective rate was 83.33% in the experimental group and 85.71% in the control group.The total effective rate(P=0.746),as well as those side effect rate was no significant difference between the two groups(P=0.646).Conc1usion It is effective and safety for Binghuangfule cream in the treatment of neurodermatitis, with equivalent efficacy of hydrocortisone butyrate.


Soft robotics driven by origami can fundamentally advance robotic functionalities by significantly improving continuum, compliance, and configurability. Here, a new field is proposed, "paper robotics," which is based on moisture‐responsive self‐folding of paper substrates into functional 3D machines using origami‐inspired techniques. By properly designing a hydrophobic wax layer and a hygro‐expandable hydrophilic layer, printed bilayer paper will fold automatically into desired shapes through anisotropic swelling that occurs when water is sprayed on the structure. The bilayer actuators can be readily fabricated on paper by the asymmetrical penetration of wax that is printed on both sides of the paper. The patterned paper automatically folds when water is added and unfolds as the water evaporates. The structure can perform various mechanical functions, including gripping and biomimetic locomotion. One of the practical applications, a kirigami paper robotic finger as an electrical switch, is also demonstrated. The functional mechanism based on the swelling and shrinking properties of paper is modeled and critical parameters for the design of the bilayer actuation are thoroughly characterized. This work will be a starting point for paper robotics and open new avenues to merge soft robotics and origami techniques.


Generalized Hidden Markov Model (CHMM) is an important model for gene finding. Differ to traditionary hidden Markov model, the length of consecutive runs of CHMM' s state is variable, and abbey a special length distribution. But the computation of CHMM algorithm is too large to be used without being simplified. According to the characteristic of gene' s structure, a new approach is proved to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm. Then, a gene finding program called CeneMiner for prokaryote gene is realized.The application to real data shows that the algorithm is effective.


Abstract 3774 Poster Board III-710 Recent data supports the concept that redox regulation of cell surface protein thiols (i.e., exofacial thiols) effects critical cellular functions. We therefore hypothesized that redox-active anti-cancer therapeutics would modulate exofacial thiols, and that such modulation could be related to cell death mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, we used the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide, a known anti-cancer agent. Parthenolide treatment results in a dose dependent decrease in mantle cell (MCL) and diffuse large cell lymphoma cell viability. Indeed, parthenolide decreases the level of free (ie. reduced) exofacial thiols on Granta MCL cells as assessed by flow cytometry. Parthenolide specifically modifies free thiols of surface proteins having molecular weights of ∼12 kd and ∼22 kd, as determined using a biotinylated thiol reactive reagent N-(biotinoyl)-N-(iodoacetyl) ethylendiamine (BIAM), which binds to free thiol groups and is detected by streptavidin-peroxidase staining of western blots. We further show that the central redox regulator thioredoxin is one of the surface protein thiol targets modified by parthenolide; specifically; (a) thioredoxin is detected on the Granta cell surface; (b) parthenolide directly interacts with free thiol groups on purified human thioredoxin, and; (c) parthenolide directly modifies Granta membrane associated thioredoxin, as determined with BIAM and neutravidin pull-down. To examine the functional consequences of parthenolide induced surface protein thiol modification, Granta cells were pretreated with the cell impermeable thiol antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Pretreatment with GSH inhibits the parthenolide induced; (a) decrease in exofacial free thiols; (b) modification of surface thioredoxin and; (c) Granta cell death. Pretreatment of Granta cells with GSH also inhibits parthenolide-mediated activation of JNK and inhibition of NFkB, two activities previously associated with the drug9s anti-cancer activity. Based on these data, we postulate that at least one component of parthenolide9s anti-lymphoma activity derives from its ability to modify the redox state of critical exofacial thiols. Indeed, to our knowledge, our data is the first to suggest that cancer cell exofacial thiols may be novel and important targets for cancer therapy. Supported by an NCI SPORE grant in lymphoma 1P50 CA130805. Disclosures: Bernstein: millenium: Consultancy; genentech: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; enzon: Consultancy.


OBJECTIVE To investigation the stability of product from 11 different pharmaceutical enterprises in the same temperature or humidness situation.METHODS The contents of Cefoperazone Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium for Injection was determined by HPLC.RESULTS 90.91% of incipient contents were up to standard,during megatemperature accelerated test and hygroscopicity test,the contents decreased markedly.CONCLUSION There are significant differences of quality.


The absence of a common framework for benchmarking quantum networks is an obstacle to comparing the capabilities of different quantum networks. We propose a general framework for quantifying the performance of a quantum network, which is based on the value created by connecting users through quantum channels. In this framework, we define the quantum network utility metric U QN to capture the social and economic value of quantum networks. While the quantum network utility captures a variety of applications from secure communications to distributed sensing, we study the example of distributed quantum computing in detail. We hope that the adoption of the utility-based framework will serve as a foundation for guiding and assessing the development of new quantum network technologies and designs.


Pesticides, formol, borax, and unpermitted colorants using in food production chain still need to control in Vietnam. Our study aimed to determine the chemical contamination in some common food samples collected at production facilities, business stores, wholesale food supply markets in Lac Thuy district. As the results, borax detected at the ratio of 15.9%, in which "Cha" accounted for the highest rate of 25%, " gio lon" was 21.4%; the lowest rate was vermicelli 7.7% and noodle soup 8.3%. The ratio of alkaline dye contaminated was quite high at 58.5%; in which sausages and melon seeds accounted for the highest proportion of over 80%, and the lowest was "Su Se" cake and "Com" cake with 33.3%. Formol was detected at 24.3%, in which rice noodle and vermicelli detected over 30%. The ratio of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables was 35.6%, in which beans and pulses was contaminated highest ratio with 60%, following is vegetables with 55%, and tomatoes and lettuce with lowest ratio of over 10%.


By analysing a landslide case, the author tells us that the applications of T.Q.C. in the geotechnical engineering exploration can lead to the quality guaranteed, and social economic benefit as well. Therefore, people should pay more attention to improving the quality consciousness and the method of thinking during tile exploration so as to promote the permanent development of T.Q.C.


Loss of c-IAP2 ubiquitin ligase activity, which occurs in the lymphoma-causing c-IAP2/MALT1 fusion protein, activates non-canonical NF-κB signaling and results in B cell abnormalities characteristic of MALT lymphoma.


THE proteids of serum are generally regarded as two in number. One of these has received the names Serum Casein', fibrino-plastic substance2, Paraglobulin8, and Serum Globulin4. The other is called Serum Albumin, or Serine5. The nomenclature which I shall adopt in this paper will be for the former Serum Globulin, for the latter Serum Albumin. These names are on the whole the most convenient. The Globulin of Serum, or Serum Globulin, has been the subject of many researches, particularly those of Schmidt and Hammarsten. The Albumin of Serum, or Serum Albumin, has perhaps not received its due share of attention: it was to the investigation of this latter body that this research has been in the main directed. Concerning the chemical constitution of the proteids in general, and of these two in particular, little or nothing is known: they are however well separated from one another by their physical characters, which no doubt indicates some definite difference in chemical constitution. But with the more strictly chemical side of the subject this paper will not deal. I shall here treat only of some of the physical characters of the proteids of serum.


This work contains the thesis that the needs of Russia's empire prevented the creation of a Russian nation and shows how the forces of nationalism and imperialism have long been set on a collision course. It explores the role of language, religion and geography in shaping Russian history.


This paper analyses the characteristics and the human factors of the senior drivers and how those can influence the driving experience. We analysed recent studies in ergonomics, iteration and influence of the technologies applied to design the physical interfaces and their respective board devices, with the aim of identifying improvement opportunities in enabling usability design onboard tasks. The research methodology is descriptive with the collection of baseline studies within the auto industry, ergonomics, health and senior mobility. We concluded that even the latest car models do not provide the highest levels of safety and comfort that could be achieved, opting some manufacturers to include extra resources to mitigate the changes that result from aging. It is suggested to create a script of automotive interior design recommendations to improve the safety, the comfort and the inclusion of the senior drivers.


Abstract : RETSINA (REusable Task-based System of Intelligent Network Agents) is an open Multi-Agent System (MAS) in which heterogeneous agents engage in relations with the support of distributed infrastructure services. The goal of RETSINA project has been to provide the necessary infrastructure and agent types to allow an open system of agents whose interactions are facilitated rather than managed by infrastructure components. Another goal has been to create autonomous software agents functioning robustly in distributed environments, agents that are reusable in different application contexts, and that respond intelligently to changes in their environments. This development of a flexible, extensible and decentralized MAS is consistent with the shared vision of an interactive World Wide Web of Services (WWWS), a dynamic web where software agents act autonomously and cooperatively to effect changes in their environments, performing numerous and complex tasks for their human counterparts. RETSINA is scalable system designed to support individual users and teams of users in utilizing the results of information gathering and fusion for decision support, task management, cooperative interaction, and many other functions, in an open and dynamic environment, eventually to encompass the World Wide Web. In RETSINA, multiple agents cooperate to process user requests appropriately and flexibly, matching them to information sources that may be distributed over the Internet and other accessible information environments, such as intranets or other databases.


Disclosed is a protection module for switching power supply of direct current screen. An AC power supply enters into an input protection circuit, the output end of the input protection circuit is sequentially connected to a bridge type rectification circuit, a passive power factor correction circuit, a filter circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, a smoothed filter circuit and an output protection circuit, the output end of the smoothed filter circuit is connected with an overvoltage overcurrent short circuit protection circuit, the overvoltage overcurrent short circuit protection circuit is connected to a microprocessor, the microprocessor is connected to a resonance voltage type double ring control circuit, and the output end of the resonance voltage type double ring control circuit is connected to the DC-DC conversion circuit. Since the overvoltage overcurrent protection circuit is added on the AC input side in the module, when an external AC voltage is over high, the module automatically enters into a self-protection state, starts up after 1.5 minutes and restores operating, thus fully protecting the safe operation of the protection module, decreasing faults caused by AC voltage, and making the severe operation environment resistance of the equipment stronger.


Objective To investigate the correlation of β catenin expression with the carcinogenesis and progression of human colorectal cancer Methods The colorectal adenoma carcinoma tissue chips including 400 cores were constructed and the expression of β catenin in 220 cases of colorectal adenoma and carcinoma was detected by immunohistochemical staining Results The effective rates of information by tissue chips stained by hematoxylin eosin and immunohistochemistry were 98 8% and 98 0%, respectively The nuclear expression rate of β catenin was 35 9% in malignant changes in adenoma, which was significantly higher than that in adenoma (16 7%) and carcinoma (19 7%) ( P 0 05) Both cytoplasmic and nuclear expression rates of β catenin (71 4%, 357 7%, respectively) in adenoma with severe dysplasia were significantly higher than that in adenoma with mild dysplasia (29 6%, 3 7%, respectively) ( P 0 05) In adenocarcinoma tissue, the nuclear expression rates of β catenin in ulcerative type (29 2%), positive lymph node metastasis (30 7%), and late stages (30 2%) were significantly higher than those in polypoid type (8 8%), negative node metastasis (10 8%), and early stages (10 9%) ( P 0 05 or P 0 01) Conclusion Both cytoplasmic and nuclear expressions of β catenin are possibly the early events in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer β catenin nuclear expression is related to lymph node metastasis and Dukes' stages in colorectal cancer


Abstract Possible mechanisms causing suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA) in about 25% of patients with essential hypertension are examined. Seven patients with normally responsive PRA were compa...


Coronaviruses was discovered in the mid-1960s that affect humans In 2019, Wuhan city of Hubei, China, there was an out-break of "coronavirus disease (COVID-19)" which is the result of severe acute respiratory syndrome coro-navirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is induced by a novel enveloped virus having single-stranded RNA It transmitted rapidly affecting more than 200 countries globally, so, the World Health Organization has declared it as a pan-demic SARS-CoV-2 presently is a 7th amongst known coronaviruses that cause infection in people, after 229E and OC43 (earliest studied viruses in human patients suffering from a common cold) It has infected humans in all age groups, of all ethnicities, both males and females while spreading through communities at an alarming rate Infected patients experience common cold-like symptoms along with raised temperature, non-productive coughing and difficulty to breathe It is considered as a relative of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 is caused by a beta coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, which affects the lower respiratory tract Besides, SARS-CoV-2 also harms different organs Till today, there is comprehensive knowledge about the extent and management of COVID-19-related disorders other than pulmonary system The present review is an overview of systemic manifestations of COVID-19 that may affect gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, urinary, reproductive, hepatocellular or neu-rological systems


The invention relates to a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) array substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of: 1, forming a figure comprising a gate line, a gate electrode, an active layer, a data line, a source electrode, a drain electrode and a thin film transistor (TFT) channel on a substrate, wherein the data line comprises a main part and a branch part; 2, depositing a passivation layer thin film on the substrate subjected to the step 1, forming a passivation layer through hole; and 3, depositing a transparent conductive thin film on the substrate subjected to the step 2, forming a figure of a pixel electrode through a composition process, wherein the figure of the pixel electrode is surrounded by a figure formed by the main part and the branch part of the data line. The invention can overcome the defect of the enhancement or the reduction of the parasitic capacitance of a single pixel electrode, which is caused by the deflection of the data line, in the prior art by arranging the data line figure to surround the figurer of the pixel electrode.


Post-War trade union membership developments have received relatively little academic attention, in view of the importance attributed to trades union organization in the collective bargaining system, in the social, political and economic fields, in the relationships between organized labour and governments and, in particular, in the efforts to devise institutional arrangements suitable for dealing with wage-price inflation. Union membership levels, the effective power of central federations and some of their individual affiliates, shifts in membership and the often concomitant changes in the political status of a union or unions and the degree of organization of a nation's labour force—are all important aspects of the potential role of trade union movements within the socio-economic and political life of a nation. The objects of this paper are to examine membership levels and changes, density of organization, membership concentration and the membership experiences of the six largest unions within the trades union movements of Austria, Denmark, Germany (Federal Republic), Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom over the postwar period.


The golden grey mullet, Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) appears in the Mediterranean and along the Atlantic coast from the Azores and Madeira to Great Britain and the south coast of Norway and Sweden. It is a typical representative of the Atlantic-Mediterranean fauna. It is common in Mediterranean and in the Black Sea and introduced in the Azov and Caspian Seas. It is common along whole Adriatic coast. It inhabits inshore waters, lagoons and estuaries and rarely fresh waters. Estuaries and river's mouths, as areas of high trophic levels, are typical nursery ground for this species. In this paper we described age and growth of the golden grey mullet population in the Neretva River estuary. Thirty specimens were analysed monthly during a one-year period. The caught fish belong to groups from 0+ to 7+ years. In whole sample, 3+ fish dominated with 37% and 2+ with 27%. The lenght categories from 29 cm to 31 cm are most frequent in samples and fishes longer than 40 cm appear only sporadically. Analysis of lenght categories per sex showed that males dominated from 20 cm to 30 cm, and in all other categories females dominated. The largest male was 38 cm, and female 48.7 cm total lenght. According to values of b constant: b=3.159 for whole sample, for females b=3.397 and males b=3.1, the entire population of golden grey mullet in the Neretva River estuary has positive allometric growth.


The purpose of this study is to understand the concepts and implementation of Islamic education and Islamic economic management in Southeast Asia, where the object of this research is the management of Islamic education and Islamic economics in Indonesia and Malaysia. The research method uses the literature study method using a historical approach. By using these methods and approaches the concepts and implementation of Islamic education and Islamic economic management in Southeast Asia (in Indonesia and Malaysia) are expected to build a clear picture through various theories that have existed and developed previously. The results show that there are various similarities between the concepts and implementation of Islamic education management and Islamic economics in Indonesia and Malaysia, which are geographically close together so that they experience the same historical phases caused by the stages of the period of international civilization. Another thing that causes similarities is that the two countries are both in the development of sharia economics which continues to grow, although until now the development of the sharia economy in Malaysia, especially the banking industry has developed much more rapidly than in Indonesia.


Objective: To determine the type of digital formula's foot, according to age and sex, in children from 6 to 10 years of age, from 3 educational centers in Trujillo. Material and methods: Cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study. The feet of 383 children were studied, evaluating the digital formula of the foot by observation. The Chi-square statistical test with a level of significance of 0.05 was used. Results: 48.82% corresponds to the Greek foot type; 37.27%, to the Egyptian foot type, and 13.91% to the Roman foot type. No statistically significant difference was found between age and sex. Conclusions: The 3 most frequent types of feet according to the digital formula are: The Greek foot, the Egyptian foot and the Roman foot. There is no significant difference between age and sex.


The theory of homogeneous transfer matrix(HTM) are applied in establishing the kinematic error model of 5-axis NC machining tool with two-axis turntable,and the model is simplified.A method of kinematic error deviation in this type of 5-axis NC machining tool based on telescoping double ball bar is developed to measure the kinematic error.Six kinds of simultaneous three-axis control motions with two translational axes and one rotary axis are designed to identify the deviations.In the measurement,telescoping double ball bar is used to measure the relative distance between the spindle and the worktable in the motion of 5-axis NC machining tool.Finally,measured value of telescoping double ball bar is substituted into the model to obtain kinematic error of 5-axis NC machining tool.This method has greatly simplified the whole process of calculation of mathematical model and error deviation.From the simulation,it has been confirmed that the proposed method gives precision results and is able to apply to the measurement of 5-axis machining tool effectively and conveniently.


Abstract : Model checking is a form of formal verification that can be used to check certain correctness properties of hardware or software systems mostly automatically. This project's overall objective was to improve the effectiveness and usefulness of model checking for embedded reactive software, the sort of software typically used in avionics. In particular, it sought to extend the scalability of model checking to systems with a very large or infinite state space, improve its accuracy, and develop modular model checking methods for infinite-state systems.! The project achieved its objectives by developing techniques based on automated reasoning engines called SMT solvers, which work with more powerful logics than propositional logic, the logic of choice in traditional model checking. These techniques were implemented in a automated model checker called Kind. Experimental results with Kind show that the new techniques provide superior scalability and precision. The tool has been adopted by several research groups from academia, government and industry. An internal reimplementation of Kind is now used regularly at a major avionics company.


This paper concerns the possibility of MEMS accelerometers employment in road transportation assessment. It makes use of statistical analysis tools and calculation of securing forces for the sake of road safety enhancement. The transport experiment was carried out and the statistical analysis shows a possible solution to the assessment of shocks during transportation, that in general adversely affect the cargo being transported (cargo securing), the vehicle, the driver, etc. From the results, it follows that even in the case of a high quality road (highway), the values of the shocks at higher speeds considerably exceed the expected magnitudes as defined in the respective standards. The assessment of truck transportation with up-to-date MEMS accelerometers is simple and relatively inexpensive and may represent a considerable contribution to road safety, including associated financial benefits.


The technology cycle time indicator (TCT) is a new measure of technological progress. The TCT is the median age of the patents cited on the front page of a patent document. The measure assumes that the more recent the age of the cited patents, the more quickly one generation of inventions is replacing another. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the TCT in a dynamic context to determine how accurately it measures the pace of technological progress. This study found the trend in TCT changed abruptly from gradually increasing (slowing in cycle time) to steadily decreasing (speeding up in cycle time) following the discovery of high-temperature superconductors. The methodology prescribed in this study could potentially be used in assessing the pace of progress for different technologies or different nations in the same technology.


Deep quantum well In/sub 0.8/Ga/sub 0.2/As/AlGaAsSb MHEMTs on GaAs are described. The step-graded AlGaAsSb strain-relief buffer layer provided a high-quality surface for growth of the MHEMT layers. AlGaAsSb barrier layers offer flexibility in choosing the channel composition and the barrier height. Typical Hall mobilities were 11,000 cm/sup 2//V-sec at 300 K for carrier concentrations of 2.4/spl times/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/. Extrinsic DC transconductance of 820 mS/mm was obtained for an MHEMT with a 0.15 /spl mu/m/spl times/64 /spl mu/m gate. Typical extrinsic unity current gain cutoff, f/sub t/, was 173 GHz with maximum frequency of oscillation, f/sub max/, of 474 GHz. Aside from layer growth, the MHEMTs were fabricated using only small changes from conventional GaAs PHEMT processing. This technology promises affordable production costs for high performance millimeter-wave low noise amplifiers.


Abstrak SOH music Parengan Tuban village founded in 1990. SOH music in the village of Tuban regency Parengan created by a musician from the area named Mr. Eko. This music is included in the category of creative music. He was inspired to create music SOH of the surrounding environment, which many craftsmen pitcher (where water from the clay which is used in rural areas). From there Mr. Eko was inspired to turn a pitcher into a musical instrument. SOH philosophy arises from a broom stick, which when we swept using a broom stick which means it will sound SOH SOH members from the consists of several characters, but still in one discipline. As a lot of sticks lidinya, but remained in a tie. Therefore, to accommodate their creativity in music Music SOH formed.


In this paper we prove some multi-linear Strichartz estimates for solutions to the linear Schr\"odinger equations on torus $\T^n$. Then we apply it to get some local well-posed results for nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation in critical $H^{s}(\T^n)$ spaces. As by-products, the energy critical global well-posed results and energy subcritical global well-posed results with small initial data are also obtained.


In order to solve the problem of poor spurious suppression characteristics of traditional microwave mixers when high-throughout satellite(HTS) transponder is used in broadband applications,which leads to the degradation of transponder performance. This paper presents a microwave photonics(MWP) mixer design that uses integrated photonic filters to suppress optical carriers and unused sideband. The high integration, tunability, high suppression, and low loss characteristics of the integrated photonic filters are fully utilized. By the tuning of the phase parameters of the filter's micro-rings, the pass of the upper and lower sidebands is realized respectively, thus 30GHz to 20GHz downconversion and 30GHz to 40GHz upconversion have been realized respectively. Analysis and simulation of the MWP mixer has been done, the result shows that the conversion loss of the mixer is -20dB,noise figure is 25dB, which is close to microwave mixer. At the same time, the LO spurious suppresion is improved by 60dB, IIP3 is improved by 12dB. The design achieves a breakthrough in the technical limitations of traditional microwave mixer, and lays a theoretical and technical foundation for the future application of MWP technology in high-throughout satellite.


A light emitting device comprises a body according to the embodiment; An insulating layer on the surface of the body; At least one electrode formed on the insulating layer; A light emitting diode coupled to the electrode; And a reflective layer on the insulating layer.


In the implementation of major control engineering of soil and water conservation in upper and middle Yangtze River,various countermeasures are taken according to the geographical position,socio-economic conditions and soil and water losses characteristics of project regions: in the east and south,taking the advantage of location superiority to promote industry structure adjustment,develop economic fruit forest and scaled ecological agriculture;in the middle and surrounding regions,putting the first on rescue of cultivated land resources and the maintenance of the basic survival conditions by the slope farmland treatment,strengthening auxiliary projects for water system,constructing basic farmland and increasing grain yield;in the north regions,mainly restoring ecosystem,returning farmland to forest and transforming barren hill and slope to increase vegetation coverage;in the west regions,regulating gully.We introduce the thoughts,measures and achievements of soil and water loss control.


Main aim of this work is to save the passengers in case of fire accidents in buses or trains. In case of fire accidents in buses or trains escaping problems will be less so our system helps in saving the passengers in such cases. Generally in running buses or trains in case of sudden attack of fire accidents will make the passengers panic and the total atmosphere will be also filled with smoke. if in case of closed buses then escaping chances will be also minimum so our proposal system is to monitor the fire condition in the bus and if any threshold value increased means it is treated as fire detection and then water sprinkler will be turned on automatically and the bus will be stopped and door of the bus will be opened in order to provide escape chance for passengers. Hence this work will be helpful in saving the lives in greater extent. By this work we can implement a safety system which avoids saves passengers from fire accidents.


This paper is concerned with a Lotka-Volterra type competition model with free boundaries in time-periodic environment. One species is assumed to adopt nonlocal dispersal and the other one adopt mixed dispersal, which is a combination of both random dispersal and nonlocal dispersal. We show that this free boundary problem with more general growth functions admits a unique solution defined for all time. A spreading-vanishing dichotomy is obtained and criteria for spreading and vanishing are provided.


The manganese ores are considered to be regionally metamorphosed sedimentary rocks rich in syngenetic manganese. The ore body is deformed and contains a large variety of manganese oxides and silicates.


– Studies were performed with both a mechanical and a photosensory arrangement of the experimental tanks. Silver (migratory) eels were more active than yellow (stationary) eels. Comparison of pooled data on yellow eels tested under natural geomagnetic field conditions with those on eel tested under unnatural ones prcded no evidence of difference in activity. Silver and yellow eels showed stronger activity during the 6 days around new moon compared with the phase around full moon as well as a peak before new moon and a smaller peak before full moon. Under each kind of unnatural field condition, the activity relationships reversed or were cancelled. The directional choice of eels under natural conditions (controls) pointed to magnetic NW and mostly also in the opposite direction. When the magnetic north was changed by 90°, the tested yellow eels followed this change to about the same degree. The additional change of both the inclination (from 68° or 45° or 30°) and total intensity (by a reduction to 31% of the natural field) resulted in a change of the preferences of about 90° relative to magnetic north. Reversal of magnetic north by 180°, which is identical to a change of the inclination from 68° to 112°, also resulted in a change of the preferences by about 90°. Three experiments using compensation of both the horizontal and the vertical geomagnetic field led to circular directional preferences at random in two cases and in one case to about NW of the residual field magnetic north. The navigational abilities of the eel, on the basis of its magnetic sensitivity, are discussed.


Although there are many evaluating indicator for crack resistance of dam concrete,it is difficult to select a proper one in practice.In order to discuss the necessary and method of establishing a complex evaluating indicator,the mechanical,deformation and thermal properties of 26 series concretes are collected.4 normally used evaluating indicators of concrete crack are used to evaluate the concrete crack resistance.The results show that the concrete crack resistance change with different employed indicators.It is point out that the difference of evalution results by different indicators is due to the different physical definitions of them.Based on uniaxial restrain test method and crack risk coefficient,a new system for evaluating the crack resistance of dam concrete is proposed.Temperature stress testing machine and cracking frame are the optimal equipments to carry out this idea.


...................................................................................................... i List of Tables ............................................................................................ iv List of Figures ............................................................................................ v . Introduction ......................................................................................... 6 . Materials and methods ...................................................................... 10 . Results ................................................................................................ 20 . Discussion ........................................................................................... 32 . Conclusions ........................................................................................ 37 . References .......................................................................................... 38 . Supplementary information ............................................................. 43 ................................................................................................... 45


5515^ Background: Predicting individual responses of HNSCC to treatment remain challenging. Better methods of defining HNSCC are needed. Improvements in biomarker research will probably be achieved with sets of various genomic and proteomic markers as provided by microarray technology. In previous work we demonstrated that the pattern of plasma exosomal-miRNA mirrored the miRNA within the tissue. Here we report the potential for blood-borne miRNA to identify HNSCC and to predict outcome.

METHODS
Plasma samples (1ml) were obtained from patients diagnosed with HNSCC at the time of initial treatment and serial samples were also obtained during clinical follow-up. Circulating exosomes were isolated and total RNA was extracted by a modified Trizol protocol. Small RNA was subsequently isolated using a small RNA isolation kit (SABiosciences). The specific miRNAs within the small RNA were quantitated using a cancer specific qRT-PCR array (SABiosciences) with an Agilent M3005P. The miRNA expression was compared to those expressed in lung cancer on a prior work.

RESULTS
Thirty HNSCC patients (19M, 11F), stage II (n=3), III (n=7), IVa (n=20) entered in the study. All but one underwent radiation and a radiosensitizing agent. Fifteen were considered for analysis since at least one follow-up sample was collected post treatment. Patients with HNSCC exhibited miRNA profiles within circulating exosomes that were distinct from normal controls and patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. Of the 84 miRNAs analyzed and 12 detected, miR148b and miR222 appeared to be uniquely expressed in HNSCC. miR16 was present in exosomes on patients with SCC. Patients with lung SCC appear to uniquely express miR199a and miR200c. In patients responding to initial therapy, the levels of most exosomal-miRNAs were suppressed; in patients failing to respond, no decrease in the exosomal-miRNAs were observed.

CONCLUSIONS
miRNA profiles within blood-borne exosomes may have utility in the HNSCC diagnosis, and appear to be useful as disease monitoring. While these findings need to be confirmed in larger studies, determination of miRNA profiles within plasma-derived exosomes will add a new tool to histology directed therapy.


The friction and wear properties of particle-reinforced copper matrix composites fabricated by powder metallurgy,were measured by friction tester and 1:1 test bench,respectively.The results show that the friction conditions have strong effects on the friction properties of the materials in terms of different surface temperatures caused by various friction mode,friction speeds and braking pressures.Under high temperatures,the continuous and compact third bodies form easily on the surfaces,which protect the substrate,increase and stabilize the friction coefficient,and reduce the wear.The friction coefficient at constant speeds changes similarly to that at the inertial friction style,in case of similar temperature conditions.The friction coefficient of the present studied materials is low under wet condition,due to the fact that the moisture decreases the temperature of the surface and lubricates it as well.The friction coefficients of the materials are well within the scope ruled by the UIC Code.


Summary The mortality pattern of the post-soviet population shows a notable life expectancy differentiation by sex, marital status, education, place of residence, and other socio-demographic variables. This publication presents results of a study of mortality patterns among working-age men in Lithuania. The study is based on the Cockerham health lifestyle theory. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate men's mortality fluctuation since the year 1959. The Lithuanian mortality rates were compared with the mortality rates in other European countries. This study is based on data from the Human Mortality Database and the European Mortality Database. The results of the study confirm that for men the probability to die in the working age in Lithuania is more than twice as high as in France. The Lithuanian working-age men's population has a very high rate of mortality from external causes and alcohol-related deaths. This research is funded by the European Social Fund under the Global Grant measure (project No. VP1-3.1-SMM-07-K-02-067). Key words: causes of death, mortality differentials, men's premature mortality


The following beliefs can be ascribed to Hume on the basis of his writings: (1) There is no more to our idea of cause and effect than constant conjunction and a resulting habit of mind. (2) There is more to it than that, namely the interaction of bodies. (3) Behind the constant conjunctions, including the interactions of bodies, there are 'secret' causes, not knowable by man. (4) The principle of causality (nothing happens without a cause) is true. (5) Our belief in the principle arises from experience. (6) There is no justification for believing in the principle. It is obvious that there are inconsistencies between these beliefs. (1) is contradicted by (2) and (3), and (3) appears to contradict (2). (4) and (5) are consistent, but (4) cannot be asserted consistently together with (6). There is apparently a contradiction between (5) and (6), although (as often happens when discussing Hume) the question arises whether 'arising from experience' is to be regarded as a justification. In the next section I shall offer support for ascribing these beliefs to Hume and in sections III-V I shall try to say why Hume wanted to hold all of them in one way or another and how they fit together in the context of his philosophy. What I shall say will I be broadly in line with Passmore's views about the diversity of Hume's intentions and Kemp Smith's thesis about Hume's primary interest in ethics.


The transformation and reconstruction of urban old industrial areas is always an urgent and hot topic to study.In recent years,developing creative industries has become an important strategic initiative of fulfilling old industrial areas′ revitalization in developed countries and regions.The current studies on creative transformation of old industrial areas mainly focus on the status and effectiveness of creative transformation of old industrial zone,but seldom concern the mechanism of transformation from theoretical perspective.In this paper,the theories of path dependence and path creation are employed as the theoretical tools to study on the mechanism and path of the creative transformation in old industrial areas,with Shijingshan,Beijing as an example.The paper first explains the concepts of path dependence,lock-in,path creation and their application in explaining the transformation of old industrial areas;and then analyzes the historical origin of Shijingshan old industrial areas and its problems,then explores the creative transformation paths of Shijingshan,putting forwards three main paths,i.e.,the industrial design and development,digital entertainment and recreation tourism industry;finally,this paper concludes with the responsibilities that the government should take in the transition process.


Abstract : The ablative characteristics of polyethylene and four substituted hydrocarbons were examined in arc heated air. The order of increasing penetration rates was polytetrafluoroethylene, a tetrafluoroethylene- hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyethylene, and polyoxymethylene. Penetration rate was related to melting, softening, and viscous flow; molecular structure; sample thickness; secondary reactions; and surface temperature. A polyaminoborane analogy to polyethylene and a tetramethylammonium hydrotriborate derivative of boron hydride underwent penetration at rapid rates. Boron nitride was an efficient conducting heat sink. There was intense, wide-band radiative emission for all three boron-containing, noncharring materials. The major evaluation variables included effluent penetration time, exposure time, heat flux, sample thickness, sample features and surface temperature.