Maude insisted on conducting his own trial, during the whole of which he protested against the proceedings of council ap pointed for him by the court, looking upon them as hirelings of his conspirators, and their plea of insanity for him, as a gross outrage upon him, prompted by his supposed enemies. As specimens of his psychical condition, we make the following ex tracts from the report of the trial, preserving the order of their occurrence; they will show :


Topological index is a numerical descriptor of a molecule, based on a certain topological feature of the corresponding molecular graph, it is found that there is a strong correlation between the properties of chemical compounds and their molecular structure. In the other side, titania nanotube is a well-known semiconductor and has numerous technological applications such as biomedical devices, dye-sensitized solar cells, and etc. In this paper, the second Hyper-Zagreb index and their coindex of Titania nanotubes have been computed. Furthermore, strong correlation coefficients between second Hyper-Zagreb index and some physicochemical properties such as Density (DENS), Molar volume (MV), Acentric factor (Acenfac) and Entropy (S) have been Appeared.


Risk in education in the creative field of communication design is usually seen in connection with creativity as subjective expression and innovation as desired impact. This article positions risk in relation to the political in design education. It puts forward the argument that a particular type of risk-taking in education can work towards shifting design from a position of a service-providing activity towards a more emancipated practice, which would not comply with the pressures of neoliberal capitalism. To counter the current state of compliance this article suggests a three-level model of extradisciplinary risk-taking as institutional critique. The case of Memefest and Design Futures is discussed. Theoretical analysis is combined with (auto) ethnography and qualitative research.


Objective: Application of color Doppler ultrasound on different types of Budd Chiari syndrome( Budd-Chiari syndrome,BCS) of hemodynamic changes were analyzed after interventional therapy,and research on the effect of vascular patency rate after the treatment and other index. Methods: In our hospital,interventional therapy of 30 cases of Budd-Chiari syndrome patients confirmed by DSA. 1 week before operation and 1 months、3 months after operation were examined by color Doppler ultrasound measurement of hepatic vein diameter of narrow segment,distal to the stenosis of hepatic vein diameter,inferior vena cava stenosis diameter and the blood flow velocity,record the ultrasonographic measurement parameter and the vascular potency rate after the operation. Results: The 30 patients,the total of 43 stenosis,21 cases of clinical cure 3 months after PCI,7 cases improved,2 cases ineffective,the total effective rate reached 93.3%. 37 vessel was smooth,the patency rate was 86%. Conclusion: The color Doppler ultrasound is important in different types of Budd-Chiari syndrome patients of the detection of stenosis of hepatic vein,inferior vena cava blood flow dynamics after interventional therapy.


Blends of polyimides XU-218 and PEI were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and adhesive bond testing. The thermal stability of the blends increased as the proportion of PEI increased while the α-relaxation of the blends occurred at a slower rate and was broader and more cooperative in some blends, compared with the pure polymers. Physical aging of the pure polymers and blends in the glass state revealed changes in relaxation rate and lost enthalpy that were also consistent with blends not behaving as simple mixtures. The dynamic mechanical and physical aging behaviour was attributed to an increase in density on blending which decreased the unoccupied volume and increased the constraints on molecular mobility, as well as to the presence of concentration fluctuations. The adhesive properties of the blends were also investigated and bond strength was found to vary with blend composition and test temperature.


BACKGROUND
Professional drivers are part of the active working population, so there is a need for continuous improvement of operating efficiency and safety in driving. Reaction time is very important driver's trait.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of age and driving experience on reaction times of professional drivers.

METHODS
This study assesses part of driving efficiency of professional drivers by measuring simple reaction time and complex reaction time those are important to driving safety. Reaction times of 278 male professional drivers were tested using a hardware-software system for determining the speed of response to psychomotor simple and complex audio-visual stimuli.

RESULTS
Our results showed a positive correlation between ageing and slowing of reaction times. This suggests that the natural ageing process clearly slows down reaction times.

CONCLUSIONS
The response times of professional drivers are more dependent on age than on driving experience.


ABSTRACT Societies are trying to cope with ageing and the consequences of the global financial crisis. In most societies collective welfare arrangements for the elderly are under pressure, and drawing on housing equity can be considered as a potential source of augmenting one's pension and financing one's care in old age. This article explores the way in which housing equity is perceived as a financial back-up for old age in Hungary and the Netherlands: two completely different contexts. Hungary and the Netherlands are at opposite poles in many respects when it comes to old age and the role of owner-occupation. In Hungary the large majority of the population is owner-occupier, in the Netherlands the proportion is much smaller. In Hungary most home owners are outright owners; in the Netherlands they invariably have a mortgage. These differences appear to impact on household strategies. In Hungary housing equity plays a key role in the financial strategies of families, whereas it plays only a minor role in the Netherlands. Moving to the rental sector to release housing equity appears an obvious strategy in the Netherlands, whereas this strategy is non-existent in Hungary.


Oxidative stress, mediated largely by NADPH oxidase complexes, and associated with a suppression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, appears to protect the hepatitis C virus (HCV) from endogenous anti-viral activity and lessen responsiveness to interferon-alpha/ribavirin therapy. Oxidative stress also is likely to be a key driver of the hepatocyte damage, cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinogenesis often evoked by chronic HCV infection, and makes HCV more difficult to target therapeutically by accelerating the mutation rate of HCV RNA. A comprehensive strategy for mitigating oxidative stress in the HCVinfected liver may therefore have good therapeutic potential. Agents likely to prove of value in this regard include spirulina – whose chief phytochemical phycocyanobilin can mimic the NADPH oxidaseinhibitory physiological activity of biliverdin/bilirubin – high-dose folate (potent scavenger of peroxynitrite-derived radicals), lipoic acid, N-acetylcysteine, astaxanthin, and silymarin. Reduction of hepatic iron level with repeated phlebotomies is also likely to be protective. Recent pilot studies suggest that administration of multiple complementary antioxidants may indeed have a favorable clinical impact in hepatitis C. Such an approach, while unlikely to be curative, may increase the chance of cure with standard anti-viral therapy, and in any case should reduce risk for cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma in HCV patients. Oxidative Stress – A Key Mediator of the Pathogenic Impact of Hepatitis C Infection Hepatitis C infection is associated with a chronic increase in hepatic oxidative stress. At least two mechanisms appear likely to contribute to this in infected hepatocytes: damage to complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, associated with electron transport that is slow, leaky, and uncoupled, that may be induced by an increase in mitochondrial calcium uptake catalyzed by the HCV core protein; and induction of Nox4, triggered by increased autocrine production of TGF-beta. 5 A more moderate induction of Nox1 has also been reported. In addition, activated stellate cells, and possibly Kupffer cells and infiltrating leukocytes, can contribute superoxide generated via NADPH oxidase activity. 7 HCV infection is also typified by an increase in hepatic iron stores, 9 which can render oxidants much more toxic by promoting generation of hydroxyl radical in the Haber-Weiss reaction. And HCV-mediated induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) can likewise potentiate the toxicity of oxidants by promoting peroxynitrite generation. 11 Oxidative stress appears to drive the pathogenesis – and oppose the therapeutic resolution – of HCV infection in a number of complementary ways. Oxidative stress in hepatocytes contributes to the cellular damage and necrotic or apoptotic cell death associated with elevated serum levels of liver transaminases.. It also can promote hepatocyte mutagenesis, mediated by peroxynitrite products or ironcatalyzed hydroxyl radical generation, that may contribute to the high risk for hepatocarcinoma in HCV patients. The Nox4 induced by HCV in hepatocytes associates with the nucleus; the superoxide and


Background :A recent increase in the incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)has been reported in several countries. A similar trend was suspected for Nagano prefecture in Japan. Thus, we retrospectively examined the incidence of ALS and the characteristics of ALS patients at Shinshu University Hospital. Methods :From hospital clinical records,we identified and enrolled 199 patients with ALS diagnosed based on the El Escorial criteria during the period 1985-2014.The 30-year period was divided into six terms of 5 years each.The incidence of ALS,sex ratio,subtype (limb-or bulbar-onset ALS),and age at onset (<65 or (cid:62780) 65 years)were investigated separately for each term. Results :The incidence of ALS significantly increased in the two most recent terms(2005-2009 and 2010-2014) overall,and in both men and women.A significant difference in mean age at onset was observed in the two most recent terms as compared with the first term (1984-1989).The increase in age at onset was particularly notable in the women with bulbar-onset ALS. No significant change was found in the proportion of ALS patients who were residents of the Matsumoto medical service area as compared with those from other areas. Conclusion :We confirmed that the incidence of ALS in Nagano prefecture has been recently increasing. Furthermore,the ratio of patients with older-onset ALS has recently increased because of the chronological increase in age at onset


High temperature ink-jet based printing processes (MicroJet) have been developed for the fabrication of high-density microelectronic and optoelectronic packages, including MCMs and CSPs. The enabling technology for this work has been the development of a printhead that accurately dispenses picoliter volumes of solders to polymeric formulations at operating temperatures up to 300 °C. The inherently data-driven nature of MicroJet processes leads to a higher level of process integration, lower cost, and increasedflexibility. Potential applications of MicroJet processes include: integrated circuit packaging, chip scale packaging, optoelectronic interconnect fabrication, and printed circuit board manufacturing. Using commercial, print-on-the-fly printing platforms, balls of Sn63/Pb37 solder have been dispensed and placed onto pads, at rates of over 400 bumps/sec. Solder interconnects and vertical vias have also been printed. Similarly, polymer formulations have been utilized in the printing of micro-optics, dielectric coatings, and electronic adhesives. Printing stations having multiple print heads for solder and dielectric material dispensing may be utilized to fabricate, in-situ, high-density and chip-scale packages on wafers.


This paper describes in detail two kinds of defense technology to resolve hacker attacks: verification code technology and solve the SQL script against technology. Verification code uses image recognition technology, the prospect of image is characters, the background is random distribution of speckles, which make all programs unidentified. For the SQL script attack, the attackers use special characters in name and password box, and log on to the system smoothly, thus causing serious problems. The solution is to filter all the input content before structure of SQL commands.


Aim: Evaluating the efficacy of fresh Human Amniotic Membrane (HAM) for various ocular surface reconstructions. Materials and methods: 54 eyes of 50 patients having ocular surface disorders were evaluated. Out of which 31 patients were male and 19 were females. Indications for AMT included pterygium (18 eyes), bullous keratopathy (4 eyes), climatic droplet keratopathy (3 eyes), Steven Johnson syndrome (14 eyes), chemical burn (3 eyes), corneal ulcer (7 eyes), band keratopathy (2 eyes) and shield ulcers (2 eyes). Fresh amniotic membrane was used in all the cases. The aim of the Amniotic Membrane Transplantation (AMT) was achieving reduction in inflammation, improvement in symptoms and vision, reduction recurrence, promotion of epithelisation in various ocular surface disorders. The analy - sis of the results was done by defining the outcome as either success or failure. Result: The age range of the patients was from 18-65 years, out of 50 patients 30 were males and 29 were fe - males. Successful use of AMT was noted in 74.1% (40/54 eyes) cases with very few complication. Conclusion: Fresh amniotic membrane is found to be a simple, inexpensive, safe and effective method of treatment to reconstruct the ocular surface disorders in many clinically challenging situations in developing countries.


Present paper aims to illustrate some essential steps in engineering education, adapted to the new economic realities from the energetic domain. For the graduating students is necessary to know the rules of the market economy, completed by the energy management inter-connected to reality, from all European countries. Firstly, are analyzed the Romanian energetic market opportunities, adapted to the new regulations introduced in 2016, based on the well-known energy excise. This basic information must be permanently adapted at the Romanian reality, allowing further possibilities in developing the business opportunities. The renewable resources as the wind, solar, and biomass, are recently introduced in the last decades in Romanian energy economy, representing new possibilities of development for a new model of engineer, the entrepreneur. New business models using the energetic renewable resources became more attractive for the existing or future domestic enterprises, based on the new policy introduced by the Green Certificates. Success depends mainly on the ability to understand and generate customers. Essential is not to create products but to create customers, which ensure and maintain the brand loyalty. Some questions and answers are illustrated to underline the energetic management importance, such as the essential needs in long or short-term, individual or collective interests, etc. Finally, some conclusions and references are mentioned.


Abstract:  This paper aims to reveal the socio-political reality that is loaded with interest. The interest certainly are mutually-beneficial but often unbalanced political advantage. In this regard, politics always intersect or identical to 'exchange' and 'communication'. When interpreted in reverse, that isn't politics if it doesn't contain elements of 'exchange' which must be preceded by a communication strategy its politicians. Specifi cally, this paper reveals the occurrence of a 'political exchange' and the ongoing process of 'political communication'. Set in the elections in Soppeng district iIn 2010, the process of exchange and political communication that takes place generally is 'transactional'. Although some cases of 'looks' is 'interactional' but it always ends with a political compensation (transactional). Keywords:  Exchange, Political Communication, Election, Transactional, Interactional


The transformation of China's ethic resources into modern ones are rooted in the present ethic life.The features of its transformation includes basis of ethic life,platform of subject's free innovation,and changes of ethic resources.Ethic of system has two levels of both supporting theory and being supported by theory,two premises of virtues from managers and members,two functions of encouragement and restrictions,two forms of logic and practice.When logic form is close to practice,it's possible for ethic of system to change from its traditional resources of ethic to modern ones.


The continuous evolution of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) meteorology has led to an increased use of associated observations for operational meteorology worldwide. In order to enhance short-term weather forecasts, meteorological institutions have developed modern lowlatency Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models which assimilate GNSS-derived Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) estimates. Usually, the assimilation of the ZTD in NWP models is performed in 3-hourly to 6-hourly cycles. However, the development of NWP models with faster assimilation cycles, e.g. 1-hourly assimilation cycle in the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) NWP model, has increased the interest of the meteorological community towards sub-hourly ZTD estimates. For such NWP models, a number of GNSS processing strategies allow the provision of these ZTDs in real-time (RT), but only at a loss in accuracy. The suitability of RT ZTD estimates obtained from three different Precise Point Positioning (PPP) software packages has been assessed by comparing them to the state-of-the-art IGS Final Troposphere Product as well as collocated radiosonde observations. The time series of the ZTD obtained by the three software packages follow the same pattern. The comparison has shown that the ZTD estimates obtained by BNC2.7 show a mean bias of 0.21 cm to the reference, and those obtained by the G-Nut/Tefnut software library show a mean bias of 1.09 cm. Whereas, the ambiguity float and ambiguity fixed solutions obtained by PPPWizard have mean biases of 6.81 cm and 6.21 cm, respectively. The large biases in the time series from PPP-Wizard are due to the fact that this software has been developed for kinematic applications and hence does not apply receiver antenna eccentricity and PCO corrections on the observations. Application of the eccentricity and PCO corrections to the a priori coordinates has resulted in a 66% reduction of bias in the PPP-Wizard solutions. The biases are found to be stable


With Flash illumination system without screen as light source, when materials pass through Y-Roller uniform spreading unit and being ejected, CCD camera samples the images of materials and sends them into PC. With the action of optical filter, the chromatic difference between tobacco and foreign matter is enhanced, thus is convenient for the follow-up recognition and elimination. The establishment of central threshold base speeds up the judgment and determination of threshold and the sensitivity of judgment threshold is improved by floating threshold, thus enhances the recognition ratio of the system. The recognition ratio of the prototype for the typical foreign materials such as white paper, chicken feather, etc. can be more than 60%.


device with a message encoder for encoding data blocks of a digital object with a message to form embedded data blocks, the message program instructions to perform fingerprinting operations has.


Many subgrid-scale (SGS) parameterizations in climate models contain empirical parameters and are thus data dependent. In particular, it is not guaranteed that the SGS parameterization still helps the model to produce the correct climate projection in the presence of an external perturbation (e.g., because of climate change). Therefore, a climate dependence of tuning parameters is proposed, using the fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT). The FDT provides an estimation of the changes in the statistics of a system, caused by a small external forcing. These estimations are then used to update the SGS parameterization. This procedure is tested for a toy atmosphere given by a quasigeostrophic three-layer model (QG3LM). We construct a low-order climate model for this toy atmosphere, based on a reduced number of its empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs), equipped with either an empirical deterministic or an empirical stochastic SGS parameterization. External forcings are considered that are either a local anomalous heat source in the extratropics or a global dynamical forcing represented by individual EOF patterns. A quasi-Gaussian variant of the FDT is able to successfully update the SGS parameterization leading to an improvement in both amplitude and correlation between the low-order climate model and the QG3LM, in case of a perturbed system. The stochastic closure exhibits nearly no improvement compared to the deterministic parameterization. The application of a more sophisticated non-Gaussian FDT algorithm (i.e., the blended short-time/quasi-Gaussian FDT) yields only marginal improvement over the simple quasi-Gaussian FDT.


A recent research effort at LANL proposed info-gap decision theory as a framework by which to measure the predictive maturity of numerical models. Info-gap theory explores the trade-offs between accuracy, that is, the extent to which predictions reproduce the physical measurements, and robustness, that is, the extent to which predictions are insensitive to modeling assumptions. Both accuracy and robustness are necessary to demonstrate predictive maturity. However, conducting an info-gap analysis can present a formidable challenge, from the standpoint of the required computational resources. This is because a robustness function requires the resolution of multiple optimization problems. This report offers an alternative, adjoint methodology to assess the info-gap robustness of Ax = b-like numerical models solved for a solution x. Two situations that can arise in structural analysis and design are briefly described and contextualized within the info-gap decision theory framework. The treatments of the info-gap problems, using the adjoint methodology are outlined in detail, and the latter problem is solved for four separate finite element models. As compared to statistical sampling, the proposed methodology offers highly accurate approximations of info-gap robustness functions for the finite element models considered in the report, at a small fraction of the computational cost. Itmore » is noted that this report considers only linear systems; a natural follow-on study would extend the methodologies described herein to include nonlinear systems.« less


We present the results of an analysis of simultaneous X-ray (Ginga) and radio Very Large Array (VLA) observations of the Z source GX 340+0. We find GX 340+0 in different X-ray states at the times of the radio observations. We find some evidence for a global correlation between X-ray state and radio flux on a time scale of days; however, this correlation does not hold on shorter time scales.


A remaining problem after hernia surgery is the occurrence of chronic pain. Up to now, the use of synthetic meshes is the standard procedure, but there is raising evidence that biological meshes could be advantageous concerning occurrence of chronic pain without the disadvantages of a life-long implant.
 The BIOLAP trial compares synthetic and biological meshes in laparoendoscopic inguinal hernia repair. To test the hypothesis that the use of biological meshes results in significantly less pain postoperatively than the use of synthetic meshes, without an increased recurrence rate, patients with bilateral primary inguinal hernias were included. Patients received biological mesh on one side and synthetic mesh on the other.

 In 21 German hernia centres, 982 hernias were treated using TEP or TAPP techniques. In addition to the study endpoints (recurrence rate within 2 years, pain intensity after 6 months), demographic and perioperative data as well as intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded.

 Recruitment was successfully completed in February 2021. Six month after laparoendoscopic hernia repair there is no significant difference in pain occurrence comparing biological to synthetic mesh implants. Furthermore general demographics of the patients with bilateral primary inguinal hernias are evaluated.

 The study provides data from 982 hernia operations dependent of the mesh material used. According to the study protocol, at the current time pain intensity after 6 months comparing both mesh materials has been evaluated as the first endpoint. Further study endpoints will be evaluated after completion of the two-year follow-up phase.


The lymphoma consists of a monomorphic infiltrate of the lymph node by medium-sized cells showing round nuclei with several nucleoli and basophilic cytoplasm. Numerous benign macrophages confer a histologic pattern referred to as "starry sky". Involvement of the peripheral blood and bone marrow may occur. The related form "Burkitt-like" lymphoma shows intermediate features between diffuse large cell lymphoma and BL and probably includes different disease entities. It was suggested by the WHO panel that only those cases with c-MYC rearrangement and/or a >99% proliferation fraction as demonstrated by Ki-67 positivity should be classified as Burkitt-like lymphoma.


Four Hyriopsis cumingii populations, a breeding population (BP), a cultured population (FP), two wild populations from Poyang Lake (PY) and Dongting Lake (DT), and an H. schlegelii population were collected (JX), and the first filial generations (F1) were bred synchronously. The shell nacre polymorphisms, population genetic diversity, and genetic structures of the F1 of each population were analyzed and compared using CIELAB colorimetric measurements and microsatellite markers. The color parameters of the shell nacre (L*, a*, dE*) in the BP were significantly different from those in the FP, PY, and JX populations (P < 0.05), whereas the shell nacre color did not differ significantly between the left and right sides of the shells within the same population (P > 0.05). The BP had relatively darker nacre at the posterior end of the shell, and the color parameters (L*, a*, b*,


Superimposed stress and foundation deformation are influenced by depth of foundation and Poisson's ratio,taking circular footing with distributed uniform loading as an example,these problems are discussed in this paper.Some conducting meaningful(concepts) and views were obtained.It is theoretically and practically important to improve on the present method for calculating(superimposed) stress and foundation deformation.


The use of mechanofluorochromic (MFC) molecular materials as mechanical stress probes is challenging since quantitative studies of this phenomenon remain rare. The most common approach to quantify the fluorescence response...


In this paper, with the Kronecker's product and Kronecker's sum of matrices, the 2nd order moment equations of linear Ito stochastic systems are dervided. Based On the moment equations obtained, a necessary and sufficient condition for the mean-square asymptotic stability of linear Ito stochastic systems is obtained. For the time-invariant stochastic systems, the necessary and sufficient condition is just the same as the Hurwitz property of certain matrices related to the coefficient matrices of the systems. An algorithm STILSS is given for testing the mean-square asymptotic stability of time-invariant linear Ito stochastic systems.


A computer data structure and computer program are described for the fast evaluation and computation of power for 47 generation projects, and release evaluation for 4 storage reservoirs on the Snake and Columbia Rivers and tributaries. The system and its parameters are defined, complications in power computation are described, and the method of the cubic spline representation with its associated data structure is described. Graphs of the cubic-spline fits and tables of the spline coefficients are provided. An algorithm is presented for operating the Snake-Columbia hydroelectric system through the critical historical flow years. This operation allows the user to input constraints of monthly elevation or storage, minimum or maximum stream flows, and interregional transfers of water. The application of the simulation model developed is discussed. The case studies include diversion (interregional transfer), minimal instream flows, minimum reservoir elevation constraints, and mixtures of these stipulations. The development of the loads is described also. While these case studies were done using the simulation model, they could also have been done using the PASO operating model developed as part of this project.


This Response - to Michael Pappas and Victor Flatt's Climate Changes Property: Disasters, Decommodification, and Retreat - summarizes how Profs. Pappas and Flatt argue for a new context within which to change the commodification of property. The argued-for changes provide a path towards adaptation and resilience. This Response focuses on assumptions and implementation, two challenges remaining unanswered at the conclusion of the article. If we can bring about this scope of change – and it would be significant – why not other changes at the same time, which would lower the current adjustment failure costs around vulnerable properties? Line drawing will also be a significant challenge, as will funding. Providing alternative paths forward, this Response provides additional thoughts on implementation, buyouts, and remaining open questions.


Malaria is an emergent disease in western world in our days because of international travels and immigration. Cases of imported malaria are considered of high risk owed to incorrect or late diagnosis, favoured even more in children because of frequent absence of specific signs. We present two cases of malaria that arose in the same month in Asturias in a immigrant child and in a Spanish girl, both acquired in Equatorial Guinea, presenting unspecific complaints and haven't receive any type of malaria prophylaxis. Nevertheless the place of residence in Spain, whenever facing patients that had realized recent travels to a risk zone of malaria is important to include this disease in the differential diagnosis, and should also be realized an effort to offer an adequate prophylaxis before travelling to endemic countries.


Critical micellar concentration (CMC) is an important parameter which indicates the matured associated state of amphiphilic molecules. The present work demonstrates a new, accurate, and generalized method for the determination of the critical micellar concentration (CMC) based on the estimation of the reorganization energy (RE) and Stokes shift of fluorescent probes placed inside micellar aggregates. With increasing concentration of surfactant, the fluorophore is well portioned in the micellar environment. The change in the magnitude of the Stokes shift and reorganization energy with respect to bulk water is a result of the formation of aggregates from surfactant monomers and there is a substantial change of RE in the vicinity of the CMC like what is observed with various other physical parameters during micellization. CMC values determined from both Stokes shift calculation and reorganization energy estimations are comparable with those previously reported in the literature. However, we demonstrate that reorganization energy calculation provides improved consistency and is more user-friendly than that estimated from Stokes shift measurements.


Percutaneous sacroiliac (SI) screw fixation under fluoroscopic guidance for unstable posterior pelvic ring fractures has been shown to be a safe method. It is becoming increasingly popular worldwide, due to its advantages of minimal invasion to compromised soft tissue, limited blood loss, and decreased infection rates, compared to conventional open techniques[1-3]. Placing iliosacral screws into the first sacral vertebral body (S1) is the preferred method of fixation, but S1 dysmorphism may influence even rule out S1 fixation. In these clinical situations, fixation into the second sacral vertebral body (S2) has been recommended[4, 5]. However, there are few researches concerning how to place S2 screw safety when S1 dysmorphism occurs. Incorrect placement of SI screws may result in implant-related and neurovascular complications[6], therefore it's urgent to find a safe and effective method to solve this problem. TiRobotTM is an orthopaedic surgery robot which can be used for SI screw fixation which has shown accuracy in cadaver and cohort studies[7]. This study is designed to analyse of the accuracy of S2 screws using robot-assisted navigation.


With the development of 3D scanning and imaging technologies, large amount of 3D surface and volumetric geometric data have been routinely collected these days. Compared with surface data, volumetric data are usually equipped with rich material, texture, intensity, and other heterogeneous structural information in their interior regions. Effectively visualizing such information can be very important since it facilitates many data analysis tasks. This paper studies the effective visualization of heterogeneous volumetric data which can have not only geometry but also other equipped scalar fields. We have developed an interactive system that can efficiently visualize the geometry and scalar field simultaneously via different cross-sections. A simple data structure used for handling large-scale 3D data is presented. Vector fields on the volumetric data such as 3D mapping, B-Spline fitting and fitting error field can also be effectively visualized in our framework. Effectiveness of our system is demonstrated and compared with existing volumetric data rendering system.


According to the theory of social exclusion, the article discusses d institutional exclusion in the matching fund for housing, showing the problems of the policies, coverage and relations between the deposit and loan. It is suggested in the article that emphases should be put on expanding the coverage to non-public organizations, lowering the loan doorsill to low-income families, increasing the usage of the fund, and enhancing the policy protection to weak groups.


(57) Abstract: The present invention, antioxidant salen - metal complex, superoxide dismutase activity, the antioxidant salen having catalase activity and / or peroxidase activity - the composition of the metal complex, such as superoxide free suitable forms of salen for administration as a medicament for the treatment or prevention of diseases involving damage of cells or tissues is produced by a group - composition of metal complexes, as well as the salen metal compound cosmetic formulations and free radicals Clear agent.


We have identified a sunward‐directed reconnection exhaust in the solar wind at a crossing of the heliospheric current sheet, HCS, by the ACE spacecraft. The exhaust was embedded within an interval of counterstreaming suprathermal electron strahls that provides direct evidence that reconnection produced closed (i.e., doubly connected to the Sun) magnetic field lines sunward of the reconnection site. We suggest that local, quasi‐stationary reconnection at the HCS may, in general, be an important source of closed magnetic field lines often observed in the vicinity of the HCS.


This paper investigates the degree of consumption insurance in a standard overlapping generations life-cycle model calibrated to the U.S. data. To directly confront the model predictions with the recent empirical evidence of Blundell, Pistaferri and Preston (2008) (BPP hereafter), I adopt BPP's measure of consumption insurance and apply the same estimation procedure proposed by BPP to the model generated data. I find that the plain-vanilla life-cycle model, where there is only self-insurance available, accounts for around 80% of the insurance for permanent shocks and almost complete insurance for transitory shocks found in the data. The validity of BPP's measure and the severity of model mis-specifications are discussed. I also find the heterogeneity of the degree of insurance in age and wealth. The partial insurance parameter for permanent shocks decreases over the life cycle and the age profile is concave, which reconfirms the puzzle of the concave shape of consumption inequality profile. Together with BPP's findings, this paper suggests that the partial insurance over and above self-insurance could be quantitatively small and decrease over the life cycle.


There is not yet a universally acknowledged standard for all kinds of general medical waveform format encoding. Medical Waveform Format Encoding Rules (MFER) presented by Japanese IS&C Committee can parse and describe all kinds of routine medical waveform data. In this paper, MFER's working out, its present situation and characters are expatiated and MFER rules are interpreted in detail. MFER, medical waveform, standard


The purpose of this research was to determine the level of adherence among HIV infected pregnant women on prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) antiretroviral therapy, and to establish the factors that contribute to poor adherence and their relative importance, in order to suggest intervention strategies that will improve treatment adherence among this population. The study was conducted in Area W Clinic, Francistown Botswana, and was a prospective cross sectional study using semi-structured questionnaire, and data collection form. In total, 61 pregnant women participated in the study and were all within three to nine months gestation, and had been enrolled into the PMTCT program at least more than one month previously. The following were their characteristics: 75% were within the ages of 26 to 42 years old, 90% were single, 81% had attained secondary school education, and 60% were unemployed. Adherence was considered optimum if greater than or equal to 95%. The participants demonstrated a good knowledge of the importance of PMTCT treatment adherence. Reported optimum adherence levels were 84% by virtual analogue assessment, and 82% by pill count. Ninety eight percent of participants reported they did not miss any dose during the last three days before the interview. The most important factors influencing adherence from the study were pregnancy related illnesses, medication side effects, and month of pregnancy of the patient as participants tended to adhere less as they got closer to delivery. It is therefore important for care-givers to carefully monitor patients for these effects, and to carry out continuous adherence counselling with special attention given to those approaching delivery in order to improve or maintain overall adherence to PMTCT therapy. In conclusion, adherence levels to PMTCT therapy among the population sampled was high but can be further enhanced with interventions designed to cover and improve the highlighted areas in the implementation of the preventive therapy. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Ulmi Cortex(UC) on the cisplatin-induced cell death. Materials and Methods : I examined several kinds of cell populations such as T cells, T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells in spleen. Result : When cisplatin was injected to mice, UC recovered total number of cells in spleen and also the number of T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. UC also effected the activation of and T cells such as , cells. To further investigate the effect of UC on the cisplatin-induced cell death, I examined the death of splenocyte and total T cells. UC inhibited cisplatin-induced cell death. Conclusion : Taken together, my results suggest that UC may be a beneficial oriental medicine for side effects during anti-tumor therapy.


In the present work, the advantages of high order variational integrator methods are combined with phase lag properties for the numerical integration of the general N‐body problem. Expressing the action integral at any intermediate points along the curve segment using a discrete Lagrangian that depends only on the end points of the interval, high order integrators can be obtained by defining the discrete Lagrangian in any time segment as a weighted sum on intermediate points, whose expressions for positions and velocities use Galerkin interpolation techniques. When oscillatory behavior is taken into account, the methods derived use trigonometric interpolation functions that depend on a frequency, which needs to be estimated. For that, using phase lag analysis, a new way to derive methods has been developed, that uses frequency estimation for each body at every time step. Results on special cases of the N‐body problem show more stable orbits and less energy error when compared with the linear interpolation scheme. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The article presents the results of statistical analyzes of meteorological and atmospheric radon concentration measurements carried out in Krakow in the years 2004–2013. Based on the diurnal variability, an estimation of the height of the nocturnal boundary layer was performed and compared with the ERA5 data. The average concentration of radon in the air of that period in Kraków was equal to (5.262 ± 0.017) Bqm−3. The diurnal and seasonal variability of radon concentration was found. The correlation of meteorological parameters calculated based on hourly mean data was analyzed. The correlations obtained were statistically significant, for wind speed (r= -0.38, p<0.001), and air humidity (r=0.33, p<0.001). The possibility of determining of the nocturnal boundary layer height on the basis of radon measurements has been confirmed; however, the calculation model needs to be refined.


Relativistic strongly magnetized winds outflowing from fast-rotating compact objects like millisecond pulsars with surface magnetic fields of $\sim 10^{15}-10^{16}$ G are plausible sources of cosmological $\gamma$-ray bursts. In such winds, there are at least three regions where extremely powerful X-ray and $\gamma$-ray emission may be generated. The first radiating region is the wind photosphere that is at a distance of $\sim 10^9$ cm from the compact object. The second radiating region is at a distance of $\sim 10^{13}-10^{14}$ cm. In this region, the striped component of the wind field is transformed into large-amplitude electromagnetic waves. The third radiating region is at a distance of $\sim 10^{16}-10^{17}$ cm, where deceleration of the wind due to its interaction with an ambient medium becomes important. Radiation from all these regions is considered.


Changes in the surface pressure field of the earth above its northern hemisphere after the maxima of sufficiently strong and relatively isolated geomagnetic storms are studied in the present article, based on daily weather maps for the period of 1880--1974. It is found that the maximum increase in atmospheric instability after geomagnetic storms takes place mainly above oceans, especially in regions where cool and warm currents come together, as well as near the ''ocean-land'' boundary. Moreover, the entry of the earth into a corpuscular stream is accompanied by pronounced deepening of the Icelandic and Aleutian lows, and almost simultaneously by a pressure increase over Europe and Alaska. All these effects are clearest in the cold period of the year and especially in those cases when the corpuscular stream under consideration is not preceded by another stream close to it (the role of the initial conditions).


Under the constitutional context,this is no doubt that the individual environment right should be a basic human right,though it has undergone a development process. Emergency state is the abnormal constitution,in that state the basic human right theory should have some differences,that individual environment right should be restricted. However,the environment right crisis which results from the own attribution of emergency power should be relieved too. The restriction to individual environment right should follow the administrative emergency principle,proportion principle,due process principle,equal compensation principle,supervision and relief principle. Then,in emergency state,how to relieve individual environment right? It should not be equal to the normal one,at least including three manners:private relief that excludes by normal order,ADR relief that should be found of normal order and public relief that includes three parts,which are administrative reconsideration,administrative litigation,and administrative compensation and amends. Through restriction of state's emergency power and harmonization of three relief manners,it is expected to have a tension balance between individual environment right and state emergency power.


We consider high-energy quasifree single- and two-proton knockout reactions induced by electrons and protons and address the question of what target-nucleus densities can be effectively probed after correcting for nuclear attenuation (initial- and final-state interactions). Our calculations refer to ejected proton kinetic energies of 1.5 GeV, the reactions (e,e{sup '}p), ({gamma},pp), and (p,2p), and a carbon target. It is shown that each of the three reactions is characterized by a distinctive sensitivity to the density of the target nucleus. The bulk of the ({gamma},pp) strength stems from the high-density regions in the deep nuclear interior. Despite the strong attenuation, sizable densities can be probed by (p,2p) reactions provided that the energy resolution allows one to pick nucleons from s orbits. The effective mean densities that can be probed in high-energy (e,e{sup '}p) reactions is of the order of 30%-50% of the nuclear saturation density.


The problem of secure collaboration between two agents, A and B, with limited mutual trust is considered. Specifically, we consider a formulation wherein agent A would like to share information with agent B but only if B has correlated information. Our solution is based on the principles of source coding with decoder-only side information. The key idea is that agent A can encode its information by using a Slepian-Wolf code at a rate which enables agent B to correctly decode only if the information which B has satisfies a conditional entropy constraint. Furthermore, our solution allows the two agents to interact and negotiate the rate on the fly. It is shown that such interaction not only reduces the transmission rate, but also allows secure collaboration to be established even when neither agent knows the joint statistics of their information. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of our solution in a simple medical imaging application.


In March 2021, the success of Roblox listed on the New York Stock Exchange brought Metaverse into public view and set off a wave in the stock market. Benefitting from this, the VR industry as the pioneer industry of Metaverse meets the development chance again. However, it is unclear whether the new concept and VR industry are worth investing in for the investors chasing hot points. This research paid more attention to the Chinese stock market and so this paper applied PEST in an investment environment assessment and selected two companies as samples and analyzed their performance in the past nine months with CAPM. Concluding from the analysis, the investment environment was positive and there were investment opportunities. Besides VR industry can be trusted to some degree.


This article investigates whether cultural models of behaviour can explain the persistently higher unemployment rate of non-whites in the UK. Such models argue that the prevalence of unemployment among non-whites may induce a greater tolerance of joblessness and poorer attitudes towards working which act to further reduce their employment chances. However, estimates from a hazard model of unemployment durations indicate that such factors play no role in explaining longer ethnic minority spells. This casts some doubt on the power of cultural models to account for the UK experience.


Advances in nanofabrication have resulted in great potentials for improving in both device performance and the manufacturing process of various applications. One revolutionary example is silicon (Si) nanostructures, typically using Si nonopore arrays or Si nonowire arrays, to construct high efficient and low-cost solar cells. In this work, we develop the innovative combined nanostructure arrays with tailored structural profiles using inexpensive, simple and rapid etching processes, whose total reflection is suppressed to 1.6%, approximately 39% less than Si nonopore arrays, and 20% less than Si nanowire arrays. In addition, systematic investigations on wettability of textured Si surfaces reveal the inherent surface oxidation during etching process. These combined nanostructure arrays with tailored antireflection performances, along with the in-depth studies of underlying etching mechanisms, may benefit both the yield and cost efficiently in industrial standard of silicon solar cells.


Ring-opening copolymerizations of succinic anhydride (SAn, 1) or maleic anhydride (MAn, 2) with propylene oxide (PO) were carried out by using magnesium diethoxide (Mg(OEt)2) as a catalyst. The unsaturated polyester (P2a) was found to have only Z-configuration around a C=C double bond from its 1H and 13C NMR spectra. Isomerization reaction of P2a from Z- to E-configuration was performed in 1,2-dichloroethane with a catalytic amount of morpholine. Thus unsaturated polyesters, P2b-e, having the same molecular weight but the different ratio of Z-/E-configuration could be optionally prepared from one original polymer P2a by controlling isomerization reaction time. Biodegradability of these polyester samples was evaluated from their biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values in the presence of an activated sludge. Polyester P2a was hardly degraded during measurement. However, polyesters P2b-e, partially containing E-configuration of the C=C double bond, degraded considerably faster than P2a itself. The biodegradability of saturated polyester P1 was also examined to compare with the P2-series.


Fat replacer is food ingredients used to mimic and replace animal fat in food products. The demand of low saturated fat in food products increase because of health concerns related to degenerative disease. Vegetable oil in a liquid state must be solidified to mimic animal fat by the emulsification process. This study aims to create and formulate fat replacer using palm olein and palm stearin as a source of unsaturated fatty acid. The formula was composed with vegetable oil concentration of 30% (K1), 35% (K2), 40% (K3), 45% (K4), and 50% (K5). A concentration of 15% fat replacers emulsion was added to make a meat analogue. Proximate analysis from all treatments showed that meat analogue has water content in the range of 53.90–57.56%, ash content of 2.87–3.10%, protein content of 9.04–15.32%, fat content of 13.22–19.13% and carbohydrate content of 2.35–2.53%. Oil concentration in fat replacer affected to the texture and sensory properties of meat analogue. The results indicate that the five treatments comply with the national quality standards for meat sausages.


Mayonnaise is microbiologically stable, thus its shelf-life is determined by the change in its sensory properties, mainly flavor changes due to oxidative rancidity of its main component, oil. The effect of storage temperature, fat content and type of package on the shelf-life of a commercial mayonnaise was studied. Sensory descriptors with corresponding references are presented. The sensory descriptors which varied with storage time were: total aroma, and for flavor: egg, oily and oxidized. Rate of oxidized flavor change was greater in whole fat than in low fat mayonnaise. For 10 cm 3 pouches, package related flavors were developed during storage. Shelf-life ± confidence interval for whole fat mayonnaise was 184 ± 18, 24 ± 9 and 20 ± 5 days at 20, 35 and 45C, respectively. Development of oxidized flavor followed a zero order reaction rate, activation energy was 15 kcal/mol.


Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of berberine in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) with dyslipidemia.Methods Forty seven patients with NAFLD and dyslipidemia were treated with berberine(1.5g daily) for 8 weeks.Before and after 8 weeks of treatment,the change of serum cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-c) high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c),ALT,AST,TBiL,FBG,PBG,HbA1c,Cr,BUN were detected respectively.Side effect was also observed during the experiment.Results The levels of TC,TG,LDL-c,ALT,FBG,PBG,HbA1c were obviously reduced at the end point compared with the baseline.whereas no significant change of HDL-c AST,TBiL,Cr and BUN was found.no severe side effects occurred during the experiment.Conclusion Berberine is effective and safe in the treatment of NAFLD with dyslipidemia and have the role in regulation of impaired fat and glucose metabolism.


Ninety percent of world trade has been delivered by maritime.The significant role played by maritime industry is undoubtedly crucial for the world economic growth and prosperity.Therefore, AK Ventures had been chosen to portrait the dynamics of maritime management and operations.Ak Ventures is unique because the company is only focus on Maritime but they also diversified in other sectors in economic such as education (AK Academy) tourism (AK Travel) and property management (AK Property).Due to the vast activities of AK Ventures they can still perform will in all sectors with the minimum human resources and also the span of management of AK Venture is not so called dynamic organization but rather a centralized management whereby the focus and the power of authority lies under one or two individual.From the case it can be observed that AK Venture doesn't have any proper strategic planning and human capital and retention plan.However, it can still perform with the full satisfied human resources (base on the interviews).This is very in contrary with the human resource management studies. The focus of this case is on human resources planning, retaining, training and development of AK Academy.Applications of those theories and strategies are paramount in understanding, analyzing, concluding and solving of the teaching notes.


Mobile Ad hoc networks are important part of the next generation network,which is constructed dynamically without any existing network infrastructure.Routing protocols for Ad hoc networks are designed and implemented simulation based on NS-2.Then evaluted and analysised the performance of the routing protocols for mobile Ad hoc networks.


The fullerene-functionalized cellulose derivative 1 was synthesized and coated onto silica gel as chiral stationary phase (CSP) for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chiral recogni...


This article examines the politics of the Lisbon strategy before and after its major watershed reform in 2005, with particular attention to the role of the European Commission. Operating in an ambiguous partial delegation of power, the Commission changed from performing a strong administrative role in the 2000–04 period to performing a political role after 2005. The institutional analysis of this article combines contextual factors and internal factors for explaining this variation. The findings reveal that although internal factors play an important part in explaining change, they are highly related to contextual factors. More precisely, the ability of the Commission to unfold actively its ideological and normative leverage and unfold specific forms of procedural leverage after 2005 is highly related to the member states' decision to clarify the formal division of tasks between them and the Commission. In other words, situations of procedural ambiguity are not necessarily to the advantage of the Commission, since it does not invariably have the ability to use this ambiguity in its favour.


The use of a subcortical graft of autogenous iliac bone in patients with delayed union or non-union of fractured tibiae is described together with the results in twenty-nine patients. This procedure when performed early even in the presence of mild sepsis makes it possible to shorten the time of healing without any undue risk.


In the administration of private higher education today, the phenomenon of the government function's offsides and malpractice is still obvious. The healthy development of private higher education is restricted greatly by the lack of government function. The most urgent and important content of the private higher education system reformation is improving the functional structure, reducing offsides, making up for the malpractice, and upgrading the quality of the administration and the service.


Caudal block technique remains as the most popular regional anesthetic choice for the pediatric population since its first description in 1933 for pediatric urological interventions. This technique could provide exquisite analgesia during surgery, likewise in the postoperative period after infraumbilical surgeries. Caudal continues to essentially reduce systemic anesthetic and analgesic requirements, thus conceive a better postoperative outcome. Ropivacaine is a safe and effective local anesthetic agent which provides prolonged postoperative analgesia with significantly minor motor blockade following caudal block in pediatric patients undergoing infraumbilical surgeries.


Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) has received an order for the newly developed 155k-m 3 Sayaendo, a next-generation liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier with a continuous tank cover integrated with the hull. Sayaendo retains the reliable configuration and sloshing resistance of spherical tanks, while integrating a continuous tank cover to improve the carrier's overall structural efficiency, thus achieving a lightweight and compact design. Furthermore, adoption of a high-efficiency ultra steam turbine (UST) propulsion system enhances operating economy by significantly reducing fuel costs. This article describes the advantages of Sayaendo, including its improved maintainability, compatibility with LNG terminals, and environmental performance. |1. Introduction The name "Sayaendo," which means peas in a pod in Japanese, comes from the vessel's appearance, featuring spherical tanks ("endo" or "peas") in a continuous cover ("saya" or "pod"). In conventional liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers, the upper half of the spherical tanks above the ship's deck is covered by a semispherical dome and the lower half under the deck is supported by a cylindrical skirt structure. In contrast, the Sayaendo employs a continuous cover, integrated with the ship's hull, to house all tanks entirely, thus improving the overall structural strength and achieving weight reduction. For the main power plant, the Sayaendo uses the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) ultra steam turbine plant (UST), a new turbine plant that achieves higher thermal efficiency through effective use of thermal energy by reheating steam. Together with the weight reduction and improvements in propulsion performance, the new ship achieves more than a 20% reduction in fuel consumption compared with conventional ships. Furthermore, in conventional LNGCs, piping, electric cables, and passages atop the tanks are supported by complex structures. The new design makes such complex supporting structures unnecessary, thus improving maintainability. The continuous cover also improves aerodynamics by substantially reducing longitudinal wind force, which serves as a drag on the ship's propulsion, contributing to reduced fuel consumption during actual operations at sea.


Nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) are considered as endocrine disrupting compounds and they restrict the reuse potential of wastewater. Therefore, innovative and reliable technologies are required for elimination of these compounds from waste streams. In this study, we consider use of iron nanoparticles (nZVI) (0.1 mM; 2 mM) and also a composite of nZVI/fullerene nanoparticles (aq-nC60) (0.1 mM nZVI/2.5 ppm aq-nC60; 2 mM nZVI/2.5 ppm aq-nC60) for the removal of 25 μg/L NP and OP concentrations. The nano-composite was synthesized according to chemical reduction method and was characterized using XRD, particle size distribution and zeta potential measurements. NP and OP concentrations were quantified with a GC-MS. The results demonstrated that 0.1 mM nZVI alone resulted in 6% and 17% decrease in NP and OP concentrations, respectively. However, when the nZVI concentration was increased to 2 mM, the removal efficiency increased to 59% for NP and 32% for OP. When compared with NP, lower removal rates were achieved for OP regardless of the nZVI concentration. Although NP and OP have similar chemical structures, OP has a branched arrangement and this structure is anticipated to cause a decrease in the active adsorption sites and lower removal efficiency for OP. Highest removal was obtained with 0.1 mM nZVI/2.5 ppm aq-nC60 for both NP and OP. Our results show that nZVI/aq-nC60 holds a potential for elimination of NP and OP from wastewater sources.


Introduction: There is growing data that successful modification of risk factors (RF) for atrial fibrillation (AF) can significantly improve the outcomes of AF therapies. These RFs include obesity,...


The 50th anniversary of WSC provides a good opportunity to reflect on how widely simulation is used in the business world to support problem solving and decision making. This paper posits that, despite the success of the WSC, simulation is not as widely used as it should be and that a major cause is a general lack of understanding of the value of simulation outside of the simulation-specialist community. However, this paper suggests that one way to increase the use of simulation is through changes in education. As part of the review and development of suggested changes, the paper examines the activities related to education at the WSC. It then offers a variety of suggestions for how the simulation education community — including academics, practitioners, and vendors — can help to address this issue.


On the basis of analysing the main reasons that cause the difficulties of fault line selection on indirectly grounding power system, the paper brings forward a new design of fault line selection device that focuses on transient arithmetic. This device uses TMS320VC5402 DSP as CPU, and perfectly meets the requirements of transient arithmetic on hardware. The device is approved to be of high practical value.


During the decade of the mid 1920s to the mid 1930s, the Soviet government set in motion an unprecedented programme of mass sales abroad of antiquarian goods, including books. During these years over four million books and manuscripts were sold to European countries and especially to the United States, at prices far below their true value. Such sales were made possible by the huge quantity of antiquarian books seized from private collections nationalised during the years of the Revolution (1917-1919), and amassed by the state. But books and manuscripts from large libraries and museums were also caught up in these sales. Because of the low prices at which they were sold, the revenue accruing to the state was negligible. At the same time, the collections which were purchased served as the basis of the Russian collections in a wide range of libraries in the West, enriching their holdings with unique items.


Present-day state of the problem of determination of physical-mechanical and technological properties of grain materials is studied; ways of further improvement of the techniques and means of their determination concerning the new nanomaterial «Taunit» are outlined


Susceptibility to low temperature photoinhibition in photosynthetic apparatus was compared among three cucumber cultivars, Gahachungjang (GH), Banbaekjijeo (BB) and Gaeryangsymji (GR). By chilling in the light for 6 h, a sustained decrease in the potential quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and the oxidizable P700 contents was observed, and the decrease was less in GH than in BB and GR. Although the difference was small, some ΦPSII remained in GH after light-chilling for 6 h indicating that a few electrons can flow around photosystem II (PSII). As a consequence, the primary electron acceptor of PSII, Q A, was reduced slowly and was not fully reduced after lightchilling for 6 h in GH. Although the amplitude was small, the development of NPQ was also faster in GH, indicating a higher capacity for non-photochemical energy dissipation. The relative fraction of a fast relaxing component of NPQ (qf) was higher in GH. After light-chilling for 5 h, the values of qf in BB and GR became much smaller than that in GH, indicating BB and GR suffered more significant uncoupling of ATPase and/or irreversible damages in PSII. When fluorescence induction transients were recorded after chilling, significant differences in quenching coefficients (qQ and qN) were observed among the three cultivars.


EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN SACROILIAC JOINT DYSFUNCTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Bharti Neha *1, R. Arunmozhi 2, Arora Maneesh 3, Anand Pooja 4. *1 Research Scholar, Department of Physiotherapy, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. 2 Associate Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Insitute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. 3 Professor and HOD, Department of Physiotherapy, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Insitute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. 4 Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Insitute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.


The synthesis of amadori compounds in the world were summarized in the paper and the emphases is protected methods.It is considered that the protected reductive sugar methods was preferable to the synthesis of amadori compounds who has a carboxyl or a amido.As to the amino acid who has more than one carboxyl which made the solution too acidic and keep the reactivity low we can adopt the protected the amino acid methods.


Introduction. In modern literature, there is a limited information on the techniques of extracorporeal detoxification in children with severe concomitant injuries. Moreover, in fact there are no data on their application in children with severe concomitant traumatic brain injuries. It has defined the relevance of this research.Purpose. To improve outcomes of treatment in children with severe concomitant traumatic brain injuries who have manifestations of toxic-resorptive syndrome (TRS), septic complications, acute renal failure of mixed genesis using a combined application of extracorporeal detoxification techniques.Material and methods. The article describes authors' experience in a combined application of extracorporeal detoxification techniques, including continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) and membrane plasma separation (MPS) in ICU patients with severe concomitant traumatic brain injuries complicated by toxic-resorptive syndrome, sepsis and septic shock.Results. The combined application of extracorporeal detoxification techniques promoted the regression of toxic-resorptive syndrome, shock reversal, stabilization of hemodynamic parameters, parameters of internal homeostasis as well as the regression of multiple organ failure.Conclusion. Early extracorporeal detoxification improves clinical course at the acute stage of trauma. The authors underline that the key requirement for safety in extracorporeal detoxification in patients with severe concomitant traumatic brain injury is the invasive monitoring of intracranial pressure.


This paper presents an assessment of the properties of ground granulated slag (ggs) from the Port Kembla (NSW) works, in cement blends. Slag from one blast furnace at Port Kembla may be granulated either by water or by air (pelletized slag - slaglite). This is a rare occurrence throughout the world and allows the examination of slags of substantially the same chemical composition but subjected to these vitrifying process alternatives on a production scale. An investigation has shown the hydration reactivity of the two slag types to be not significantly different, however, the pelletized slag was more easily ground. The pelletized slag required an energy input for grinding similar to that of portland cement clinker. An examination of the compressive strength of opc (concrete containing a triplex cementitious blend of portland cement) -ggs blends showed no advantage in using ggs ground finer than (350M x 350m)/kg. 50 per cent opc - 50 per cent ggs blends had similar strength to the opc alone at 28 days and only slightly reduced strength at 7 days. Slag cements from Europe are generally reported to have a high resistance to attack by sulphate solutions. However Australian slags have a higher alumina content and a 50 per cent opc-50 per cent ggs blend was found to be unstable in a 5 per cent sodium sulphate solution. Other portland cement and cement- flyash blends were examined and results are reported. It seems advisable that particular slag cement blends should be examined individually when durability is a concern. (Author/TRRL)


Pancreases of four representatives of animal's subfamily present deer are investigated. Organ has got analogous anatomymapping texture, and it has absence accessory ducts. Assinchrontrial of line survey lobes of pancreas, difference on prime, various consistence and presence epiploon's hillock of dappled deer are specific peculiarity.


SUMMARY This article describes the inability of the traditional "take one more step towards safety" and "use a condom every time" safer sex messages to provide accurate, useful, and realistic information for women who have sex with women. A new model of safer sex education for lesbians and bisexual women is proposed which promotes a healthy sexuality by reducing fear of HIV and STDs, and comparing the possibility of disease transmission with other everyday risks. The eight studies to date showing the extremely low risk of woman-to-woman HIV transmission are explained by reviewing current scientific knowledge about how HIV behaves, and discussing which woman-to-woman sex acts might carry some risk. Techniques to bridge the pro-latex/anti-latex communication gap are described. This paper was originally presented at the national conference of the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality in San Francisco in November, 1995 under the title "Safer Sex Education for Lesbians and Bisexual Women: A New Model."


The distal end portion 211 is inserted into a subject, an endoscope apparatus 2 that captures in-vivo images within a subject by the image pickup portion provided at a front end portion 211, it is inserted into a subject through an endoscope apparatus 2 , a biological optical measurement device 3 for performing optical measurements of a biological tissue within the object, an external input unit 328 for outputting a permission signal for permitting optical measurement with respect to the biological optical measuring device 3, the external input section 328 when receiving an input of the permission signal, comprising a drive control unit 327b that performs control of driving the living body optical measuring device 3.


The dissolution enthalpy of Cisplatin and Etoposide in the appropriate solvent were measured by RD496-2000 microcalorimeter under the conditions of atmospheric pressure and 309.65 K. The differential heat and the integral heat of the process are obtained, thereby establishing the relationship between the heat and the amount of solute, knowing that the dissolution process is the pseudo-first order reaction. In turn, the half-life, △solHm, △solGm, △solSm are also can obtained.


ABSTRACT We compared the sensitivity and accuracy of the NucliSens assay and those of both the standard and modified (addition of a new primer set, primer mix 1, supplied by Roche) Amplicor HIV Monitor assays to quantify human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in persons infected with HIV-1 subtype A in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Seventy-one plasma samples from HIV-1-seropositive persons at different stages of HIV infection and 15 samples from HIV antibody-negative persons were analyzed. The HIV-1 genetic subtype was determined either by DNA sequencing or by a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Of the 71 samples, 70 (98%) were subtype A and 1 was subtype G. Of the 70 subtype A samples, the proportion of RNA-positive plasma samples and mean HIV-1 RNA levels were significantly higher by the modified HIV Monitor assay (n = 67 [96%]; mean RNA levels, 5.2 log10 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml) than the NucliSens assay (n = 56 [80%]; 4.3 log10 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml) or the standard HIV Monitor assay (n = 44 [63%]; mean RNA levels, 3.8 log10 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml) (all P values were <0.05). The HIV-1 RNA levels by the modified HIV Monitor assay correlated significantly with those by the NucliSens assay (r = 0.76; P< 0.001) and the standard HIV Monitor assay (r = 0.57; P < 0.001), as did the RNA levels by the NucliSens and the standard HIV Monitor assays (r = 0.60; P < 0.001). Lower CD4 cell counts were significantly correlated with higher HIV-1 RNA levels by all three assays (r = −0.47 for the NucliSens assay, −0.45 for the standard HIV Monitor assay, and −0.62 for the modified HIV Monitor assay). These results indicate that the modified HIV Monitor assay has the highest sensitivity and efficiency at quantifying the levels of RNA in persons infected with HIV-1 subtype A and thus constitutes a valuable tool for the monitoring of RNA levels in areas of Africa were HIV-1 subtype A is predominant.


The invention discloses a multi-layer laminated glass main body and a manufacturing method thereof. The multi-layer laminated glass main body is used for solving the defect that novel aesthetic effects are limited due to the fact that the multi-layer laminated glass main body has more than one glass layer and has difficulty in forming more than two grains or patterned regions with different decorative textures. According to the key points of the technical scheme, the multi-layer laminated glass main body comprises more than two glass layers which are stacked together, wherein the glass layers are bonded together through an adhesive layer between the glass layers. The multi-layer laminated glass main body is characterized in that at least one glass layer is formed by splicing more than two glass sheets with different decorative textures, wherein a splicing seam between the glass sheets is masked by a decorative strip with a metal texture on the splicing seam; the decorative strip and the glass sheets are adhered to adjacent glass layers. The manufacturing method is characterized by comprising the following the steps: (1) selecting glass; (2) performing glass pretreatment; (3) selecting or manufacturing the decorative strip; (4) stacking the glass layers; (5) rolling through a rubber pressure roller in a thermal environment; (6) performing gas-pressing in the thermal environment of a high-pressure kettle; (7) cooling, solidifying and trimming after discharging the glass layers out of the kettle.


To enamine the effect of long-term experience on a psyehtatric ward on nurses opinions about mental illness. experimental groups of nursing students (N = H) and experienced psychiatric nurses (N= S) and a control group of medical surgical nurses (N = S) were compared along the five dimensions of the Opinions about Mental Illness Scale. The medical surgical and psyehtatric nurses were matched for age and education. The experienced psyehtatric nurses were tound to hold significantly more authoritarian opinions about mental illness: they adhered less to a belief in interpersonal enology than the other two groups. Compared to the nursing students, the psyehtatric nurses held significantly more soctally restrictive opinions about mental illness; thev adhered less to current mental health ideology. However. age could not be ruled out as a variable in the latter two opinions, Factors which may contribute to opinion change in psychiatric nurses are discussed.


facilitating the capability of both policymakers and researchers to track longitudinal workforce readiness information across and within states using existing administrative records" (p. 51). In 2009, the United States ranked 21 out of 26 OECD countries in the rate of high school graduation, a fact coupled with approximately 93 million U.S. adults who lack the basic literacy skills needed to succeed in any sort of postsecondary training (Jobs for the Future, n.d.). In combination, these realities suggest two important considerations underexplored in Perna's book but worthy of discussion in subsequent volumes: the current efforts to align and assess K-12 curriculum and college readiness (to scale) and the evolving definition and role of adult basic education. In 2010, the US Department of Education awarded "Race to the Top" funding to the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium and the Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers (PARCC) who were charged with developing assessments aligned to the Common Core State Standards in English language arts and mathematics. The Common Core State Standards were the outcome of a state-led effort to develop "clear educational standards" whose adoption would "ensure that students graduating from high school are prepared to enter credit bearing entry courses in two or four year college programs or enter the workforce" (CCSSI, n.d.). With a focus on enhancing college readiness, a key element of these consortia has been the participation of higher education leaders and faculty in helping to define the knowledge and skills needed for college and work success (Smarter Balanced, n.d; PARCC, n.d.). The debate about the appropriateness of such efforts rages, but the spirit of alignment is nonetheless critical. Also critical is the careful and thoughtful use of assessment in the process. Related, substantial empirical work remains to be done on the roles of adult basic education in this process. In general, this book adds to an ongoing and active policy discussion around the need to more accurately capture learning in a full range of formal and informal environments for credentialing. For educators and leaders, as an example, the volume may be particularly useful common ground for developing productive conversations and planning. Perhaps as importantly, though, it also reminds all readers that a knowledge-based economy and the communities that flourish with it demand paying comprehensive attention to effectively preparing, not simply an adequate labor force, but also an informed citizenry. As Perna concludes, "Educational providers at all levels can and must do more to better prepare today's students for tomorrow's jobs, especially in metropolitan America" (p. 274). Said differently, even as equity of educational opportunity and choice remain elusive across class and racial/ethnic lines, they become ever more important.


Little information is available on cell profiles and mediator production in the lower airways of children with asthma by comparison with the adult population. To study the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell profiles and production of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in childhood bronchial asthma, a retrospective study was performed in 29 children (13 allergic asthmatic children and 16 controls). Six of the asthmatics had mild‐to‐moderate persistent disease and seven had intermittent asthma. The BAL cell count and ECP and MPO values of asthmatic children were compared with those from 16 controls. The asthmatic patients had higher values than controls for the total cell count (p=0.08), for neutrophils (p=0.02), and for ECP and MPO (p<0.001). MPO levels (p=0.04), neutrophil count (p=0.06), and ECP values (p=0.06) were higher in patients with mild‐to‐moderate persistent asthma than in those with intermittent asthma. Our results demonstrate that neutrophil‐mediated inflammation is greater in patients with more severe asthma.


Pure and Al- and Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticlethin films were deposited on a glass substrate using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique at 400 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of the stable hexagonal wurtzite structure of the ZnO films with crystallite sizes in the range of 21.72–26.73 nm. The morphology of the films was studied by atomic force microscopy, which revealed that the films were homogeneous in structure with a surface roughness of 1.02–4.47 nm and grain sizes in the range of 101.33–90.35 nm; these features depended on the type and concentration of the dopant. The optical characteristics of the films were studied by UV–Vis spectrophotometry at 300–1100 nm, which revealed that the doped and undoped films present high transmittance (90%) in the visible wavelength range. The direct optical energy gap of the films ranged from 3.3 eV to 3.2 eV and also depended on the type and concentration of the dopant.


Objective:To evaluate effect of single nail-grooved tail steel plate and homemade intervertebral disc implant in lumbar spondylolisthesis,and also to study its surgical techniques.Method:From February 2001 to November 2003,111 patients diagnosed as lumbar spondylolisthesis were divided into two groups.Treatment group was 62 patients undergone posterior lumbar spinal decompression and intervertebral body fusion surgery with single nail-grooved tail steel plate and homemade intervertebral disc implant.Control group was 49 patients undergone reduction with single nail-grooved tail steel plate and posterolateral fusion.Tailard index,Boxall index,slipping angle,lumbar lordosis angle and intervertebral height indexes were measured.Clinical outcome and fusion rate were also observed.Result:All patients of treatment group were followed up from 4~35 months with an average of 12.3 months.In term of technical result,there were great changes in all observed indexes compared with preoperation and postoperation(P0.01),but no changes between postoperation and following up.The execellent ratio was 93.5%,the rate of satisfaction was 96.8%,the fusion rate was 100%,there was no breakage of screw and rod.All patients of control group were followed up from 3~32 months with an average of 12.3 months.In term of technical result,there were great changes in all observed indexes compared with preoperation and postoperation(P0.01),and also between postoperation and following up in Tailard,Boxall,slipping angle(P0.05).The execellent ratio was 61.2%,the rate of satisfaction was 77.6%,the fusion rate was 79.8%,there was no breakage of screw and rod.Conclusion:Single nail-grooved tail steel plate and homemade intervertebral disc implant can promote intervertebral body fusion,avoid iliac bone graft,keep the height of intervertebral space and the stability of the fixation segment.


A device is described for range selection and switching in the measurement and digital recording of intensities for monopole, quadrupole, and other types of mass spectrometers with digital mass-spectrum scanning.Scanning is stopped during range selection and switching practically without distortion or loss of mass spectrum data. The peak intensity range is 0 to 100 V with four subranges: 0 to 0.1, 0.1 to 1.0, 1.0 to 10, and 10 to 100 V. The maximum selection and switching time in scanning one peak ranges up to 80 microseconds. The device is used with an MKh-7305 mass spectrometer.


We analyze, by Renormalization Group methods, a regularized version of Euclidean QED4 with any value, including zero, of the fermion mass and a large photon mass. We will prove that the Schwinger functions are expressed by convergent series and verify the Ward Identities up to corrections which are small for momentum scales far from the ultraviolet cut-o.


Long experience has shown that the strength of materials under fatigue load has a stochastic behavior, which can be expressed through the fracture probability. This paper deals with a new analytically derived law for the distribution of the fracture probability along a fatigue crack path. The knowledge of the distribution of the fatigue fracture probability along the crack path helps the connection between stress conditions and the expected fatigue life of a structure under stochasticly varying loads


Batch plants are used to produce a variety of chemicals. They are chosen over a continuous process typically because they can handle variations in raw materials and product specifications. Also, they are able to produce a range of products from the one reactor. Designing a batch plant presents some unique challenges. What makes the batch plant beneficial, it's flexibility, is also what makes traditional design procedures inadequate. Batch plant design is more complex than continuous plant design. It requires more time than a similar size continuous plant, and there is more potential for a range of errors or omissions. This paper has been compiled from the experience of process engineers who have designed and operated numerous batch plants during their careers. It will illustrate issues design engineers should be aware of when they are about to embark on a batch plant design. It covers tips on budget man-hours for design, schedule for design activities, design documentation, plant capacity modelling, batch plant equipment sizing, pressure relief systems, HAZOPs, and control systems.


In this thesis I take a modular approach to cortical function. I investigate how the cerebral cortex may realise a number of basic computational tasks, within the framework of its generic architecture. I present novel mechanisms for certain assumed computational capabilities of the cerebral cortex, building on the established notions of attractor memory and sparse coding. A sparse binary coding network for generating efficient representations of sensory input is presented. It is demonstrated that this network model well reproduces the simple cell receptive field shapes seen in the primary visual cortex and that its representations are efficient with respect to storage in associative memory. I show how an autoassociative memory, augmented with dynamical synapses, can function as a general sequence learning network. I demonstrate how an abstract attractor memory system may be realised on the microcircuit level – and how it may be analysed using tools similar to those used experimentally. I outline some predictions from the hypothesis that the macroscopic connectivity of the cortex is optimised for attractor memory function. I also discuss methodological aspects of modelling in computational neuroscience.


have no consideration of the importance of a 'limited liability partnership'. No book on senior doctoring would be complete without a section on clinical governance and self-regulation and all the usual aspects are covered including again 'finding out what you can do to reduce the risk of adverse events' – 'you are not working in splendid isolation but as part of as a team' we are informed, as well as the perverse dangers of intellectual arrogance. So, is this text likely to help one succeed as a hospital doctor? Well it is certainly not a 'how to' guide, but for those who are determined to succeed and have palpably considered taking action in such a direction, it will act as a useful guide along the way.


Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a 12.5 Kdalton protein usually isolated in association with the HDL3 subclass of serum lipoproteins (1). SAA is one of the plasma proteins which increase during inflammation or tissue injury (the positive acute phase reactants). Among these positive acute phase proteins SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) are quantitatively the most impressive (100-1000 fold) (2). Hence the regulation of SAA synthesis has been a subject of general interest as well as a subject of importance to students of the biochemical basis of amyloidosis. The increase in SAA is detectable within four hours and usually peaks approximately 18 hours following initiation of tissue injury (3). SAA and the ~-pleated sheet fibril protein amyloid A (AA) share considerable amino acid homology except that the 28 carboxy-terminal amino acids present in SAA are not represented in AA (4). Hence it is likely that SAA is the precursor of AA. The existing data suggest that cleavage by serine proteases. perhaps at the surface of monocytes and macrophages, may be responsible for the conversion of SAA to AA (5). Delineation of the exact mechanism of this potential precursor-product relationship awaits determination of the amino acid sequence of the peptides resulting from cleavage of purified SAA by specific neutral proteases plus studies of amyloid generation in tissue culture. The development of methods for studying gene regulation, protein biosynthesis, secretion and assembly now permit the direct examination of several important questions regarding the relationship between SAA and post-inflammatory amyloid fibril formation. In this regard studies of the regulation of SAA biosynthesis as well as the identification of synthetic sites (cell-types) assumes pivotal importance. In this paper, the pertinent data concerning SAA gene structure, biosynthesis, post-synthetic modification and secretion are briefly reviewed in the context of current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and mediators involved. The importance of integrating these findings with studies of tissue and organ specific SAA synthesis and AA deposition is emphasized.


1 The mechanism of the cataleptic effect of metoclopramide was analyzed by using drugs which alter the activity of dopaminergic or cholinergic neurones or the content of γ‐aminobutyric acid in the central nervous system of rats. 2 The cataleptic effect of metoclopramide (20 mg/kg) was antagonized by apomorphine (10 mg/kg) and by atropine (50 mg/kg). Aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA, 25–50 mg/kg) potentiated the catalepsy induced by metoclopramide (5 mg/kg). 3 Metoclopramide alone did not alter the rectal temperature of rats. It did not alter the AOAA‐induced hypothermia, but it partially antagonized apomorphine‐induced hypothermia. 4 Metoclopramide induced a six‐fold increase in striatal homovanillic acid (HVA) concentration, but it did not change the dopamine or noradrenaline content in the brain of rats. Apomorphine decreased the striatal HVA concentration in control and in metoclopramide‐treated rats. Atropine and AOAA did not alter the metoclopramide‐induced increase in striatal HVA concentration. 5 The results suggest that metoclopramide produces catalepsy by blocking striatal dopamine receptors.


A case of pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma which was resected 11 years after a nephrectomy for the primary lesion is reported. A 64-year-old woman, who had undergone a right nephrectomy for a renal cell carcinoma in May 1984, and had been pointed out a small solid occupied lesion 2cm in diameter in the tail of pancreas in May 1993, was admitted to the hospital because of another two enhancing tumors in the tail of pancreas on CT in November 1994. Abdominal angiography detected three metastatic lesions by their hypervascular nature in the tail of the pancreas. Three metastatic lesions ranging 1.5-3.0cm in diameter were resected by distal pancreatectomy in April 1995. The pathological findings of the specimen showed the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma in the pancreas. The patient is doing well for 22 months after the second operatin. We think that aggresive resection of the isolated pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma may improve the prognosis.


Marked progress has been made toward the moIecular diagnosis of genetic diseases in many fields with the progress of molecular biology. The improving of strategies makes it possible to diagnose multi-gene genetic diseases in molecular level. Preimplantation diagnosis gives coupies and opportunity to avoid having a child with genetic diseae. RNA diagn0sis is suitable for analyzing the defects of gene expression. Multi - FISH has increased the reliability and accurary of chromosome disease diagnosing. Benefiting from the results of humans genomic project, molecular diagnosis of genetic disease will step into a new era.


Background: World Health Organization reported that unused and expired drugs are unsuitable for drug donations as these medications and their metabolites have been recognized as harmful substances to environment. A safe and cost-effective pharmaceutical waste management program to educate customers on standard medicine disposal practices is imperative now. Objective: To evaluate the current method of disposal of unused and expired drugs among the consumers and provide education on safe, easy and costless disposal of them. Material and Methods: Cross sectional education interventional, Questionnaire-based study conducted among 300 patients/consumers attending different outpatient departments in a tertiary care teaching hospital. The responses were expressed in descriptive statistics using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The types of unused and expired drugs stocked commonly were NSAIDs, cardiovascular, antiasthma, antidiabetic drugs etc., and 49% of them stocked more than one group of drugs. Majority of them revealed throwing the drugs in dust bins (82.3%) as a method of drug disposal. Others were flushing in toilets(6.7%), piling at home (3.3%),pouring in sinks (3%), throw in bins and sinks(2.7%), return to pharmacy (0.3%) etc., The educational intervention based on National formulary of India & WHO pharmaceutical waste management effectively increased the knowledge and practice regarding the disposal of unused / expired drugs and dangerous hazards of poisoning in children. Conclusion: Knowledge and practice of drug disposal was inappropriate among the consumers and education intervention considerably improved the techniques to be followed.  Regular public education by healthcare workers with the help of government and other stakeholders could reduce the quantity of unused/expired drugs entering the environment.


This study aims to determine the cause of changes in the function of Minangkabau traditional clothing into the fashion of dance and reception, and whether the changes brought to the degredation of symbolic meaning of the traditional fashion. Through a qualitative approach and techniques of documentation, interviews and triangulation, member check, and peer debriefing, it was found that there have been changes in the function of traditional clothing into the fashion of dance and reception. The reason is because of a lack of understanding of users and choreographer. It is only driven by its aesthetic value alone, without appreciate the value of philosophy in addition to the lack of supervision of customary institutions. Thus there has been a degredation of traditional symbolic value when the traditional clothing was used in dancing and reception. Key Words: degradation of Symbolic Meaning, Minangkabau Traditional Clothing, Traditional Clothing in Dance and Guests Reception.


Business decision-making, based on real circumstances and future suppositions demands relevant and high quality informative support. Accounting with planning, record keeping, control and analyze, presents, not the only but one of the basic information sources. It is necessary to organize accounting in a way that will, with usage of instruments adequate to accounting and all contemporary methods, models and techniques, or in other words new methodological accounting solutions, provide reliable informative support for decision making to enterprise managing.


From time to time it seems imperative that we examine the status of the teachingr of biology. Studies by Martin' and Fitzpatrick2 have contributed much. Since the Sputniks have ushered science teaching into the spotlight, facts regarding the present situation are absolutely essential. This report concerning the teaching of biology is a dissection of a study of a much broader scope. It concerned the status of science education in Iowa high schools, 1957-1958.


A method of joining two aircraft fuselage segments (10a, 10b) and a in the joint area (11) of the two aircraft fuselage segments (10a, 10b) disposed stiffening profile (14) by friction stir welding using a rotary tool (18) being characterized in that a cover plate (20 ) is above the abutting points (11) on the (to be connected to the aircraft fuselage segments 10a, 10b) housed and milled according to the friction stir welding of the rest of the cover plate (20). This allows overcoming significantly larger gap tolerances on the edges to be joined, so that the Mastoleranzanforderungen to the aircraft fuselage segments (10a, 10b) can be reduced. Furthermore, a smooth surface in the welded area can be achieved.


The new version of DECtalk/spl reg/ offers significant improvements in the voice quality of formant-based synthesized voices. The key to the improved voice quality is the incorporation of the HLsyn model; HLsyn is a hybrid articulatory-acoustic model of speech production. The new DECtalk voices sound more natural and can be easily modified to create a variety of different voices. The voices can be tailored to meet the requirements of specific applications and of individual users. The new DECtalk voices are simply better.


A 58-year-old man was referred to our center for angiographic evaluation of unstable anginal complaints. Selective coronary angiography revealed 3-vessel disease.

Multislice CT angiography (Somatom plus 4 Volume Zoom, Siemens AG), a new noninvasive technique to image the heart and coronary arteries, was also performed (Figure⇓). The entire heart was scanned within 1 single …