Objective
To understand the infection status, epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of adenovirus in children with diarrhea in Tianjin.

Methods
A total of 1 609 fecal specimens were collected from hospitalized children with diarrhea from July 2017 to July 2018 in Tianjin Children's Hospital. Viral nucleic acid was extracted and amplified by the hexon gene fragment. Positive specimens were used for nucleic acid sequence determination and sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis with known sequences in GenBank. Rotavirus in the stool specimens was detected by gold standard method, and campylobacter was detected by latex agglutination method. Bocavirus, Norovirus and Clostridium difficile were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results
A total of 69 specimens with adenoviruses were detected in 1 609 cases, with a positive rate of 4.3%, in which 82.6% adenovirus-positive children were between 7 and 48 months old. The positive rate of adenovirus peaked in the summer and autumn, and the differences of this value among seasons were statistical significance (χ2=11.467, P=0.009). In these cases, the mixed infection rate of adenovirus was 26.1% (18/69), in which 7 cases were mixed with Norovirus, 7 cases were mixed with rotavirus and 4 cases were mixed with Clostridium difficile. A total of 39 adenovirus-positive PCR products were randomly selected for gene sequence detection, and 7 adenovirus genotypes were detected. Results showed that these viruses were mainly the type 41 enteric adenovirus (46.1%, 18/39), followed by type 31, type 3 and type 7 non-intestinal adenovirus, while types 1, 5 and 6 were relatively rare.

Conclusions
There are diverse types of adenovirus in children with diarrhea in Tianjin. The adenovirus-infected diarrhea mostly happen in summer and autumn, and is common in children.

Key words:
Diarrhea; Adenovirus infections, human; Molecular epidemiology; Genetic testing; Children


We describe and illustrate a new species of the genus Laelia : L. mottae Archila, Chiron, Szlach. & E.A. Perez-Garcia. For many years, this species was considered a dwarf variant of Laelia anceps ; however, the analysis of field-coming and cultivate specimens enabled us to conclude that they actually are two species. Laelia mottae comes from south-eastern Guatemala and southern Honduras. We compare the main morphological characters between L. anceps and L. mottae , and we discuss the differences in distribution, habitat, and cultivation between these two species of horticultural interest.


ABSTRACT Case conceptualization is an important skill for counselors to master in order to meet treatment needs of clients. Some students struggle while learning this skill, as it requires advanced cognitive complexity, reflection skills, and affective awareness. Further, it is difficult for developing counselors to understand the interconnectedness of clients' presenting problems, history, and strengths to form a holistic case conceptualization. The authors of this article describe a role-play for teaching the complexity of case conceptualization, in which students role-play various perspectives of psychosocial information and process the experience to create a holistic conceptualization. Activity steps are outlined with examples, and process questions to facilitate classroom discussion are included. Suggestions for implementation are also provided.


ments" (which, in addition to illnesses, include problems such as drunkenness, bad breath, contraception, cuts, hunger, and so forth), 117 on "healing agents" (from cayenne and horehound to dead man's hand and toads and frogs), 8 on "ideas" (amulet, doctrine of signatures, and so forth), and 5 on "cultural traditions" outside the Anglo-American mainstream that the book is about (African, Celtic, Mexican, Native American, and Shaker, each very briefly treated). Most entries are between a page and a page and a half long, while a few are as short as half a page. A handful are as long as three or four pages. A Scottish botanist, Hatfield writes clearly, balances ideas well, and documents copiously, using parenthetical notes that refer to full bibliographic entries given at the end of every article. Rather than repeating the full citation, putting them at the end of the volume would have saved considerable space; half a dozen central reference works receive full citations roughly a hundred times each. Perusing the individual essays can be useful, and just thumbing through the book is rewarding, too. One might think of looking up "ginger" or "ginseng," "eczema" or "epilepsy," but it is hard to imagine deliberately seeking out "dew" or "freckles" (a blight for which remedies were apparently sought repeatedly). I looked carefully at the entry for the humble potato, treated in two pages of prose followed by a page of references (spanning pp. 276–9). The potato has been employed—raw, cooked, peeled, carried as an amulet (I intend to take this up), in a sock, or even cut into pieces and thrown away—to treat over fifty ailments, from appendicitis, asthma, and back pain to ulcers, warts, and wounds. Since the entry is organized in part geographically, some of these ailments appear repeatedly within it. All uses are referenced, but, with this large a number of uses cited in so little space, there is no room to explore beyond manner of use (poultice, in a tea, and so forth). One can get some idea of how important a given remedy was for a given ailment by going to the corresponding entry: the ailment "rheumatism" is mentioned more often in the article on the potato than the reverse. Cross-checking also reveals plenty of the sorts of errors that will always dog encyclopedists: "eczema" appears in the article on the potato, but "potato" does not come up in the "eczema" article, despite a reference to that article in the "potato" entry. Nevertheless, this is a valiant first effort at bringing together a considerable body of information. Even though the individual entries are short, Hatfield's catholic approach to selecting topics for articles and the thoroughness with which the entries are documented will make this a helpful source for those researching British and British-derived American folk medicine.


Enhanced axillary branching and adventitious root formation from stems,and callus induction from leaves of three Citrus grandis cultivars were studied.The results showed that the leaf callus induction was obtained through culturing on MS + 2,4-D 1.0 mg/L + sucrose 6%,and the induction ratio reached 82.5%;Best multiple shoot induction was obtained through culturing on MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 0~0.5 mg/L,and reached about 4 buds per stem explant;Best multiple root induction was obtained through culturing on 1/4 MS + IBA 2.0 mg/L,and the induction ratio reached 40%,although the shoots were too weak to develop whole plantlet,and they could be used for micro-graft.The Shatian-Yu cultivar and the Guanxi-Miyu cultivar have similar higher induction ratios,and were about 1.3~1.5 times of the ratios of Jiangjin-Yu cultivar.


Starting with the presuppositions of all knowledge, Miss Harkness finds that philosophy, with its emphasis upon reason and coherence, has much to offer to theology. If we are to communicate with the world we must respect the ways of knowing that the world trusts. On the other hand, modern biblical theology has rediscovered the essence of Christianity. When revelation is understood as God's disclosure of himself there is no inevitable conflict between these two approaches. Revelation gives "an experience of God, mediated through the Christian c o m m u n i t y , which presents data to be examined by the canons of reason and the use of the coherence criterion. The result is theology" (p. 93) . Miss Harkness examines the particular problems involved in the Bible, the Holy Spirit, and the church. She finds that each contributes to our total thought although each, by itself, can lead to dangerous extremes. Having faced the issues that keep Christians from ecumenical agreement, Miss Harkness concludes with a compelling statement of the one thing on which all Christians agree — Jesus is Lord! By dedicating the heart and mind to this affirmation we may resolve our differences. This book has importance for our leading theologians. In fact, Miss Harkness argues so persuasively for keeping all that is best in our leading theological movements that we are persuaded that what theology needs today is more ladies of her caliber. But this is no book for specialists only. It is a book to put into the hands of laymen who will find a thrilling foundation upon which to build faith and it will be of particular value to college students who are wrestling with the problems of religion.


Since the procedure of designing switch mode power supply (SMPS) is an iterative one,if adopting manual design method,it will cause more labour,and have low efficiency,and hard to realize optimization design.Recent years, with the development of the power supply technology and the popular application of the computer,as a kind of new technology in power supply field,the computer aided design (CAD) and simulate gain more attention.At present,the software already becomes the key technology in switch mode power supply optimization design.


The LDP is to establish priorities for the development and land use within Newport City, 2011-2020. The draft scoping report is part of stage A, of the SEA. This report is an assessment of how well the Scoping Report has addressed health and well being.


ABSTRACT The use of video imaging and images processing techniques is increasingly used worldwide to deal with a variety of coastal engineering aspects. The European project COASTVIEW (EVK3-CT-2001-0054) has emphasised various coastal engineering fields for which video systems could be used in support to more traditional procedures of data acquisition and viewed as practical tools for an integrated management. The study presented here specifically deals with the use of video for assessment of the recreational use of beaches and is centred, through the example of the « Puntal » beach at Santander (Spain), on the analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of the users on the beach.


We would like to congratulate the authors for this highly motivating work on prediction of stationary time series. This paper does an excellent job addressing the relationship between the problems of estimating high dimensional covariance matrices and finding best linear predictors, and systematizing the current approaches to regularization in time series. Several regularization procedures are proposed, tackling the issue of calculating optimal predictors in the case that p -order dependence approaches the sample size n . The proposed techniques are validated by extensive Monte Carlo simulations and real-data applications. It was nice to be asked to discuss such a stimulating paper. We divided our comments into several sections, striving to target different strains of ideas presented in the paper and future research directions motivated by these strains. Offline vs. online prediction problem The current paper focuses on the utility of regularization procedures for time series in a prediction framework. In contrast to (auto)covariance matrix estimation, one of the primary motivations behind using regularization in forecasting time series is to improve a prediction


Therapeutics based on nucleic acids offer the possibility of specific and potent treatment of diseases. However, the core obstacle is the ability to deliver these nucleic acid drugs safely and efficiently. In our laboratories we have formulated the nucleic acids: plasmid DNA and short interfering RNA in a synthetic delivery system that facilitates cellular delivery. The delivery system (4PPA) was synthesised, characterised with overall 10% modification level and complexed electrostatically with β-galactosidase plasmid DNA and siRNA-ITCH, in phosphate buffer (pH = 6.0). The resulting complexes were sized, their zeta potential measured and imaged using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The complexes were further characterised for binding stability and nucleic acid protection using gel electrophoresis. The in vitro transfection efficiency and cell cytotoxicity of the polyplexes were determined in MIA PaCa-2 and A-431 cells. Cellular uptake of a fluorescently labelled nucleic acid was also investigated using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Additionally, in vivo studies were conducted to obtain comprehensive data on the behaviour of polyplex formulations following an intranasal brain delivery. Polyplex nanoparticles were 150–350 nm in diameter (polydispersity < 0.5), with a zeta potential of 10–20 mV (n=3) and were spherical in shape. The polymer delivered nucleic acids to the cells. Efficient β-galactosidase up-regulation and Itchy E3 Ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) down-regulation were achieved in vitro. The new polymer was as efficient as Lipofectamine® 2000 and 3rd Generation poly(propylenimine) dendrimer in transfecting, but more than several hundred times less toxic. In vivo, 4PPA successfully delivered siRNA-ITCH to the CNS of the olfactory bulb and brain tissue and knocked-down ITCH expression with twice the efficiency of siRNA-ITCH alone. A novel, biocompatible delivery system that provides efficient gene and siRNA transferring vehicles was thus synthesised, achieving good in vitro and in vivo transfection/ down-regulation.


In 1945 Indonesian politicians endeavouring to create a constitution for their hoped-for Indonesian state engaged in heated debate about the place of Islam in that state. However, the compromise at which they arrived, the famous "seven words" of the Jakarta Charter, was abruptly erased on 18 August, the day after the independence proclamation, by the committee charged with finalizing and validating the Constitution. Subsequently, there have been two further formal efforts to Islamize the Indonesian Constitution, the first in the late 1950s in the Konstituante (Constituent Assembly) and the second during the constitutional amendment process at the turn of the twenty-first century. Both failed. A comparative analysis of these latter efforts — with a particular focus on the nature and changing content of Islamist thinking on the Constitution and its relation to Islam — and on the differing contexts on which the debates took place, informs explanation of the dismal failure of both.


Autostereoscopic three-dimensional display technologies using novel optical imaging systems based on retro-reflection with mirror arrays, a dihedral corner reflector array (DCRA) and a roof mirror array (RMA) are described. The proposed methods can generate a low-distortion aerial 3-D image with high numerical aperture on the basis of retro-reflection imaging. As the examples of 3-D displays based on retro-reflective imaging, a multi-view stereoscopic display using a DCRA and a volumetric display using a RMA were described. The multi-view stereoscopic display can achieve not only aerial image formation of display images but also that of the pupils of projectors around viewing position using a DCRA. This feature is effective in keeping consistency between accommodation and convergence cues for stereoscopic display. The volumetric display using a RMA can generate a 3-D image with natural depth information by light points are arranged in a 3-D volume using relatively simple optical configuration. This method can provide natural perception of depth and accessibility to an image. Experimental demonstrations of the generation of floating autostereoscopic images are presented to verify the validity of our proposed methods.


In this paper, we proposed a novel routing protocol called On-Demand Member-Centric Routing (OMR) over a VANET that consists of a platoon of vehicles driving in the highway environment. The goal of OMR is to aggregate 3G/3.5G bandwidth from some vehicles called Helpers to a vehicle called Requester, i.e., it belongs to multiple-source to single-destination transmission, to have cooperative video streaming service in the platoon of vehicles. For providing a better collaborate video streaming service in the platoon scenario, we considered two points in OMR. One is that each vehicle can get a more stable link between vehicles through a cost function, the other one is that the vehicle (destination) can find a set of paths using a proposed algorithm for calculating and selecting maximum node-disjoint paths to aggregate 3G/3.5G bandwidth from Helpers to Requester. According to the simulation results, OMR effectively improves the packet delivery ratio and throughput compared with using others. It also shows that the proposed member-centric routing protocol is more suitable for 3G/3.5G bandwidth aggregation in the platoon scenario over VANET.


The drive has a reciprocating piston combustion engine (1) that drives a vehicle axle via a selectable gear mechanism (2), a linkage shaft (4) and a transmission stage (3) mounted on an axle transmission (5). The transmission stage is a separate unit flanged to the axle transmission housing (6) and carries a cone wheel (9) on its driven shaft (20) that protrudes into the axle transmission housing.


Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed to analyze the interfacial microstructure between Sn-Ag-Cu solder alloys and Ni(P)/Au metallizations. The intermetallic compound Cu/sub 6/Sn/sub 5/, containing a small amount of dissolved Ni, was found to form preferentially on the Ni coating. This compound layer served as a barrier for direct reaction of Sn with the Ni(P) coating. On the Ni(P) side, a nickel phosphide was identified. Thermodynamic evaluation of the Cu-Ni-Sn system was carried out to rationalize the enrichment of Cu at the solder/finish interface. Effects of the interfacial reactions on joint reliability are discussed.


Recycling and recovery of magnesium alloy had greatly affected the values of magnesium alloy scraps, the continuous development of magnesium resources and environmental protection,et al. In this paper,the recycling style,classification and pretreatment were briefly introduced, and the reclamation and recycling methods of magnesium alloy scraps were reviewed emphatically. Finally, The quality control and test of recovery magnesium alloy was briefly recommended, and the development trend of recycling technology of magnesium alloy were pointed out .


Many annotation tools have been developed, covering a wide variety of tasks and providing features like user management, pre-processing, and automatic labeling. However, all of these tools use Graphical User Interfaces, and often require substantial effort to install and configure. This paper presents a new annotation tool that is designed to fill the niche of a lightweight interface for users with a terminal-based workflow. SLATE supports annotation at different scales (spans of characters, tokens, and lines, or a document) and of different types (free text, labels, and links), with easily customisable keybindings, and unicode support. In a user study comparing with other tools it was consistently the easiest to install and use. SLATE fills a need not met by existing systems, and has already been used to annotate two corpora, one of which involved over 250 hours of annotation effort.


This paper proposes a new solution for an important feature of solid modelers coupled to finite element mesh generators for electromagnetic problems: the handling of inner boundaries between components assuring the design of manufacturable models. Implementation details are described.


The paper presents the study results of the Anyui River basin post-pyrogenic successions of forest ecosystems. It is established that in place of coniferous-broad-leaved forests, destroyed by fires of different years, undergrowth and stands of broad-leaved and coniferous species are being restored under the canopy of small-leaved forests.


AbstractTo assess whether published evidence supports a role of genetic susceptibility in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer, we reviewed studies that evaluated risk of cervical cancer associated with a family history of cancer. The review was performed separately for studies that evaluated invasive and in situ cervical cancer as the outcome of interest. Studies that examined family history of cervical cancer and those that examined history of other cancers were included in the review. Nineteen studies that fit the criteria for review were identified via MEDLINE searches. The vast majority of these studies were conducted in Scandinavian countries or the US, where large, record-linkage registries are available to permit such evaluations. Review of published studies suggest an approximate 2-fold elevation in risk of cervical cancer associated with a family history of cervical cancer. This association was observed for both in situ and invasive cervical cancer, and was evident regardless of relationship of t...


A sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometric method( UPLC-MS / MS), combined with solid-phase extraction( SPE) was established for the determination of eighteen steroid hormones in surface water. The method was applied in the determination of steroid hormones in surface water of eight major lakes and rivers in Nanjing,China. Different concentrations and compositions of the target steroid hormones were detected in all samples. The detectable percentages of PGT,MTA,PRE and MET were 100%,and NT,ADD,MTTR and BET were higher than 80%. MET has the highest concentration( 52. 03 ng·L- 1). The results show that steroid hormones widely exist in surface water of Nanjing. Additionally,it was found that the highest concentration of total steroid hormones( 131. 97 ng·L- 1) appeared in sampling site NJ02 close to densely populated area. This study also reveals that the steroid hormone residues in surface water are largely affected by human activities.


An ethnic identity is not simply a catalyst for collective action; rather, it is an idea, a social variable shaped by its own intellectual history and by the historical consciousness of those who, wittingly or otherwise, engage with and articulate it. As one example, modern Uyghur identity, as it is most widely understood today, is the product, in part, of the action of a series of educational institutions operating in the years before 1949. Intellectuals and activists, beginning in the 1880s, formed networks of schools that provided an organizational basis for social and political movements, as well as a site for the negotiation of the ideas of those movements. Uyghur identity, along with a broader scheme of ethno-national classification, gained currency among a particular sector of Xinjiang society through participation in a set of broader organizations in the Sheng Shicai era. This history is reflected today in the actions and attitudes of contemporary Uyghur intellectuals, who react to encroachment on mother-tongue education with ideas and organizations informed by historical knowledge of this earlier period.


Manic states have also been attributed to involvement of the hypothalamus (Love and Marshall, 1950; Malamud, 1967). In the case we have described, the large cystic craniopharyngioma extended forwards, to displace both frontal lobes without directly involving the third ventricle. The psychiatric disorder resembled a manic-depressive psychosis, and the clinical pattern of the illness was consistent with that seen in frontal lobe lesions (Soniat, 1951; Jarvie, 1958; RMllch and Freedman, 1966; Zangwill, 1960) . The late appearance of mental confusion and clouding of consciousness was probably due to indirect involvement of the third ventricle by the expanding cyst. The coincident appearance of a diffuse abnormallty in the electroencephalogram supports this conclusion.


Steve Deutsch, CEO of Wesleyan Bank, discusses facing up to the potential prospect of large tax rises isn't worrying enough for SMEs, over half are being prevented from accessing billions of pounds through unpaid invoices.


The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C12H14N4·2C6H7NO3S·2H2O, contains one half of a centrosymmetric 1,4-bis(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene (bib) molecule, one 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid molecule and one water molecule. In the bib molecule, the imidazole ring adopts an envelope conformation. The benzene rings of bib and 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid are oriented at a dihedral angle of 21.89 (4)°. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and O—H⋯O interactions link the molecules into a three-dimensional network. Weak π–π contacts between the benzene and imidazole rings and between the benzene rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.895 (1) and 3.833 (1) Å, respectively] may further stabilize the structure.


The importance of noise control and acoustic comfort in healthcare facilities has been well documented. This issue is even more critical in pediatric facilities, given the often frightening and stressful circumstances associated with a child being in a hospital. Recently, The Children's Hospital in Denver, CO constructed a new facility in neighboring Aurora, CO. The new facility was opened in Oct. 2007, and one of the design goals was to improve the acoustic environment by implementing evidence‐based design strategies. However, one of the challenges in improving hospital acoustics is to do so without introducing additional infection control risks. As part of the project, a series of noise measurements were performed at the old hospital and in analogous locations in the new hospital, after the new hospital was occupied. This paper will present the results of the noise measurements and discuss the impact (positive and negative) of various design elements on the acoustic environment.


This is an update on the operation of and compliance with the ARK commitment during its second year of operation. The evaluation was completed by an expanded EP compared to 2019 (Appendix 1) and based on communication through video conferences and e-mails. The EP had access to fishery data up to the end of July 2020 and based its evaluation on this information combined with CCAMLR reports and recent publications related to the Antarctic ecosystem.


Objective To detect the differential expression genes (DEGs) between Barrett's esophagus (BE) and normal esophagus with oligomicroarray, and to explore the target genes related to the development of BE. Methods The total RNAs of matched BE and normal esophagus mucosa from same patient were isolated with one step Trizol method. Matched RNAs were qualified with 10g/L agarose gel electrophorests. After tRNA purification, cRNAs were synthesized and labeled with fluorescence, which were then hybridized with Agilent oligomicroarray containing 30,968 probes. The fluorescence intensity features were detected by Agilent scanner and quantified by software Feature Extraction. Results On average, 2 biopsies by disposable jumbo biopsy forceps provided approximately 5 μg RNA required for microarray. The total RNA, reverse transcription product and fluorescence labeled cRNA were all of high quality. Among 2-fold DEGs, there were 142 up-regulated genes and 284 down-regulated genes including 15 bcl-2 related genes such as bcl-2, MCL1, BAX, BIK and BCLAF1. Conclusion Microarray-based studies are feasible in endoscopieally obtained tissues. The development of BE is a complicated process involving multi-genes, in which abnormal expression of bcl-2 family related genes might be involved, but the exact mechanism needs further research.

Key words:
Barrett esophagus;  Genes, bcl-2 ;  Gene differential expression profile


The sedative effect of drugs (sedative load) and falls in older people recovering from hip fractures. Vuoksenranta Suvi-Paivikki Master`s Thesis University of Jyvaskyla, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Gerontology and Public Health Autumn 2013 56 pages, 2 appendices With the number of elderly people growing also the number of falling accidents occurring among the elderly will grow. Hip fracture is one of the most serious consequences of falls. The use of medication is known to be associated with the falls of elderly people. And the use of medication is increasing among elderly people. Some of the medicines used by older people have sedative effects. These effects may be the main reason for the use of the medication or it may also just be a side effect. The objective of this thesis was to find out whether there is an association between the use of medication with sedative effects (sedative load) and the accidental falls of over 60-year-old people living at home and recovering from a fallrelated hip fracture. Participants of the study were hip fracture patients operated on at the Central Finland Central Hospital in 1.3.2008 – 31.12.2010. The inclusion criteria included living in the city of Jyvaskyla or its neighbouring municipalities, over 60 years of age, living at home or in a sheltered home without night-time surveillance and independent mobility. 136 participants were invited for initial measurements and 81 were accepted into the study after checking the exclusion criteria. The use of medications was mapped by asking participants to fill in a questionnaire. The information was confirmed by a nurse and when necessary during a medical examination. All medicines were coded according to whether they have a sedative effect. The codes were then used to calculate the total sedative load of the medicines used by a person. Falls indoors and outdoors were followed by a questionnaire covering three months after the initial measurements. The connection between the sedative load of the medication used and the falls was evaluated by using a logistic regression analysis. The group of fallers did not differ in terms of sedative load from the non-fallers group. The sedative load of the group of indoor fallers did differ with a statistically significant amount from that of the non-indoor fallers. In the logistic regression analysis the use of medication with sedative effects was not connected to falls when the connection was looked at on a total falls level. However, the use of medication with sedative effects more than tripled the risk of indoor falls compared to those who were not using medication with sedative effects. The connection between accidental falls and the use of medication with sedative effects should be explored more in the future with a larger study population.


This work reports on the study of two HfO2 metal-insulator-metal structures using two different bottom metal electrodes: Pt and TiN. Different spectroscopic techniques had been used for the physicochemical characterization in order to study the junction interface and determine the oxide thickness and crystallinity: parallel angle resolved x-ray spectroscopy, vacuum ultraviolet ellipsometry, and attenuated total reflectance. Electrical characteristics of the structures with different oxide thicknesses and an evaporated gold counterelectrode are shown. Best results for very thin HfO2 films in terms of voltage linearity are obtained with the platinum electrodes. This is correlated with differences observed between the continuous conductivity when using Pt electrode instead of TiN electrode.


BCI is one of the most intriguing technologies among other HCI systems, mostly because of its capability of recording brain activities. Spelling BCIs, which help paralyzed people to maintain communication, are one of the striking topics in the field of BCI. In this scientific a spelling BCI system with high transfer rate and accuracy that uses SSVEP signals is proposed. In addition, we suggested that LED light sources can provide proper signals for speller BCIs and they can be used in future.


Taking spatial database standard TIGER as an example,this paper introduced the data model and organizational form of TIGER in detail.It also analyzed the principle of describing spatial objective information by TIGER/Line.It introduced the spatial object topological model as a kind of example which implemented actually.It enables readers to understand more deeply about spatial object's form and is useful for the reference of spatial data standardization in the future.


Organic farmers show an increasing interest in cultivation of silage maize as valuable forage for cattle and for energetic utilization in biogas plants. Maize cultivation
systems are often characterized by environmental and cultivation problems like soil erosion, difficult weed control and poor nutrient supply. Aiming at a reduction of these problems a field experiment with mixture of maize and climbing beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) was carried out from 2013 to 2015 at the University of Kassel-Witzenhausen
(Hesse). Results showed lower yields of the mixture treatments compared with sole cropped maize. The chosen bean variety had an impact on the bean yield and later sown beans caused lower bean proportions. Furthermore, methane yields of maizebean silages decreased with increased bean proportions.


The five articles that are contained within this special section represent the growth and productivity of the 2012–2017 grant cycle of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) programme. The TBIMS programme has been funded since 1987 by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR), Administration for Community Living in the Department of Health and Human Services. The TBIMS programme has provided the infrastructure to form a collaborative network conducting research with the objective of creating evidence-based rehabilitation interventions, as well as clinical and practice guidelines which improve the lives of individuals with TBI, their families and their communities. There were 16 TBIMS centres that fulfilled the following requirements:


We review the Ambartsumian's cosmogony, which involves his fundamental ideas on Stellar Associations and eruptive Activity of Galactic Nuclei, where the creation process is at work. Itis caused by the violent outburst events of transformations of superdense matter in supermassive compact bodies in galaxies, away from the accretion physics. We discuss the pioneering works of V.A. Armbartsumyan and G.S. Saakyan carried out at Byurakan Observatory in the earlier of 1960's towards the physics of equilibrium configurations of degenerate superdense gas of elementary particles, particularity, the hyperon configurations of stellar masses. These issues have been comprehensively developed later on by G. Ter-Kazarian in the proposed theory of distortion of space-time continuum(DSTC) at huge energies (respectively, at short distances < 0.4fm), which underlies the microscopic theory of black hole (MTBH). The MTBH has further proved to be quite fruitful for ultra-high energy astrophysics. The MTBH explores the most important process of spontaneous breaking of gravitation gauge symmetry at huge energies, and thereof for that of re-arrangement of vacuum state. As a corollary, MTBH has smeared out the central singularities of BHs, and makes room for their growth and merging behavior, with implications of vital interest for high energy astrophysics.


Aims:  To describe the relation between emotional stress and cardiovascular events, and review the literature on the cardiovascular effects of emotional stress, in order to describe the relation, the underlying pathophysiology, and potential therapeutic implications.


With up to 7 million spins, the existence of spontaneous magnetization of Ising spins on Directed Barabasi –Albert network is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations. We confirm our earlier result that the systems magnetization for different temperatures T decays after a characteristic time (tau) t (T), which is extrapolated to diverge at zero temperature, by a modified Arrhenius law, or perhaps a power law.


COPYRIGHT © 2022 Gao and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: From bench to bedside, targeting secondary brain damage following intracerebral hemorrhage


Visual appearance of building facades and other load bearing structures, which now are part of modern architecture, is the reason why it is important to investigate in more detail the reliability of laminated glass for civil structures. Laminated glass in particular has become one of the trendy materials, for example Apple© stores have both load carrying capacity and transparent appearance. Glass has high mechanical strength and relatively medium density, however, the risk of sudden brittle failure like concrete or other ceramics determine relatively high conservatism in design practice of glass structures. This should be changed as consumer requirements evolve calling for a safe and reliable design methodology and corresponding building standards. A design methodology for glass and glass laminates should be urgently developed and included as a chapter in Eurocode. This paper presents initial experimental investigation of behaviour of simple glass sheets and laminated glass samples in 4-point bending test. The aim of the current research is to investigate laminated glass characteristic values and to verify the obtained experimental results with finite element method for glass and EVA material in line with future European Structural Design of Glass Components code.


This router buffers during the operation in the field of short-encrypted hard faults NOC first in first out transparent testing technology in the development of the proposed on-line for this identity of faults. A model of the proposed algorithm to run the test periodically to prevent the accumulation of repetitive tests, the router technique involves be integrated into the channel interface and on-line testing has been performed with data traffic, such as synthetic self. The area has been studied by the hardware overhead synthesizing the test the performance of the test section of the circuit combines the NOC terms of investigated throughput. In addition, routing logic an on-line test technology for the transportation of samples to test, using the title proposed flits the data traffic movement.


Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of the Gd3+ ion in various rare‐earth trinitrate hexahydrate (RNH) hosts have been studied at different temperatures. The values of the parameters are computed using a rigorous least‐squares fitting procedure in which all the resonant line positions obtained for various orientions of the external magnetic field are fitted simultaneously. While the room‐temperature results (in the hosts characterized by La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Dy, Er, Yb, and Y) are used to study the systematics exhibited by the zero‐field splitting parameters b20 and b22, the liquid nitrogen and liquid helium temperature results (in the hosts characterized by La, Pr, and Sm) have been used to deduce the absolute signs of the parameters, as well as the temperature variation of the parameters b20 and b22. It is found that, within experimental error, the values of b20 and of b22 are the same for those hosts R(NO3)3⋅6H2O for which R=Pr, Nd, Sm,Dy,Y, and Er; these values of b20 and b22 are close to those for...


The research was aimed at knowing the effect of adding touge as nitrogen source on the quality of Nata de cacao. The research design used was completely randomized design with six treatments (without nitrogen source, urea 1.5 gr., touge 175 gr, touge 200 gr, touge 225 gr, and touge 250 gr). These were done three times. The parameter tested was thickness, fiber content, and elasticity of nata de cacao. The data obtained were analyzed by using ANOVA and Extended Test BNJ with α 5%. As the result it was shown that the adding of touge as the nitrogen source and improve the thickness and the fiber content. However the addition of touge with different concentration did not give any effect significantly. For elasticity, the higher fiber contents the chewier nata de cacao. In short, the addition of touge as a nitrogen source effect on the quality of nata de cacao, in terms of its thickness, fiber contents, and plasticity. Key words: nitrogen sources, nata de cacao, acetobacter xylinum


Statinrelated myopathy is a clinically important c ause of statin intolerance and discontinuation. It is not understood whether statin therapy is safe from patients with autoimmune inflammatory muscular disease. We examined the effect of atorvastatin (10 mg/day) on the muscle in patients with immunemediated neuromuscular disease and hyperlipidemia. Serum LDL levels (pretherapy, 164±14.3 mg/dl; post 1M, 92±26.6 mg/dl; post 2M, 93±15.9 mg/dl; 113±36.1 mg/dl) and TG levels (pretherapy, 173±75.1 mg/dl; pos t 1M, 106±60.9 mg/dl; post 2M, 111±41.4 mg/dl; 130±28.2 mg/dl) were significantly decreased after atorvastatin therapy but serum CK levels were not significantly changed during the therapy (pretherap y, 105±52 IU/L (mean±SD); post 1M, 131±76.6 IU/L; post 2M, 133±97.7 IU/L; 147±33.9 IU/L). The results of the present small study indicate that acquired inflammatory neuromuscular disorders may net become a risk factor in statin myopathy.


This data set is an LAZ (compressed LAS) format file containing LIDAR point cloud data. NOAA contracted with Spencer B. Gross, Inc. (SBG) to obtain airborne Lidar of Willapa Bay, Washington during low tide conditions. The Lidar data was processed to deliver topographic surface elevation data of the exposed intertidal flats and surrounding terrestrial areas. Original contact information: Contact Org: NOAA Office for Coastal Management Phone: 843-740-1202 Email: email@example.com


Human tissues express four protein phosphatase‐1 (PP1) isoforms. These catalytic subunits differ in their N‐ and C‐terminal sequences. To test the hypothesis that eukaryotic regulators target individual PP1 catalytic subunits to specific subcellular compartments to regulate phosphoproteins located at these sites, we expressed human PP1 isoforms in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which possesses a single essential PP1 gene (GLC7). Yeast strains lacking GLC7 that expressed individual human PP1 isoforms were viable, but grew more slowly than control yeast. Yeast expressing PP1β, PP1γ1 or PP1γ2 accumulated measurable glycogen. In contrast, yeast expressing PP1α were attenuated in their ability to synthesize glycogen. Analysis of interactions with the yeast regulatory subunit, Gac1, highlighted the functional relationship between Gac1 binding and glycogen synthesis. Analysis of other Glc7 regulators, Reg1, Pig2 and Gip2, further emphasized the differences of human PP1 isoforms to bind regulators. These strains also displayed differences in salt sensitivity, temperature sensitivity, glucose repression and sporulation. Expression of chimeric catalytic subunits of PP1α and PP1β established the key role of their unique N‐ and C‐termini in association with yeast regulators and their cellular functions. In conclusion, these cell biological and biochemical analyses in a model eukaryote defined key structural elements that define the physiological functions and regulation of human PP1 isoforms.


The invention relates to a metal fixing clamp for fastening mounting members, used to fasten and connect a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate. The first mounting plate is provided with a receiving slot, the second mounting plate is provided with an inserting block, the metal fixing clamp comprises an integrally formed outer fastener to be fastened in the receiving slot and an inner fastener disposed on the inner side of the outer fastener and used for being locked to the inserting block. Compared with the prior art, the metal fixing clamp connects two mounting plates in an inlaid movable assembly relation, both the metal fixing clamp and the mounting plates are assembled in an interference fit manner before the metal fixing clamp resiles, and connection stability is guaranteed; the metal fixing clamp does not destroy the original structures of the first and second mounting plates and needs no auxiliary fastening devices such as bolts and screws, so that detaching and attaching are facilitated and the problems of a traditional fixation mode, such as ease of breakage and scrapping, poor durability and failure of repair, are solved.


Using smog chamber,Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from the reaction of isoprene with OH radical was studied.Gaseous products were determined by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) while SOA concentration and size distribution were determined by EEPS3090.The dominating gaseous products were methacrolein (MAC)/methyl vinyl ketone (MVK),acetaldehyde,formaldehyde,methanol,formic acid/ethanol,glycollic aldehyde,methylglyoxal,acetone/propionaldehyde and so on.The highest production of MAC/MVK and acetaldehyde were 13.78% 37.72% and 5.38% 9.34% (based on C).SOA production and its mean size increased with increasing reacted isoprene.When the gas phase products were stable,the SOA yields were in the range of 5.6% 11.7% and the particle sizes were from 22 nm to 165 nm.


Fight detection is still an open quandary for video concept detection. There has been little prosperity in engendering an algorithm that can detect the fight in surveillance videos with high-performance values. The proposed methodology is called Haar Cascade. Firstly, motion vector images are trained by using a machine learning algorithm for the consecutive frames. Secondly, motion vector features are extracted to their angles and magnitudes. Afterwards, velocity and angle-based motion co-occurrence features are calculated by considering both current and past motion vectors. The result obtained using the proposed algorithm in different videos got a high rate of success. It discriminates fighting scenes with high true positive rates. By using this methodology, can eradicate violence, crime, fights, etc. This is helpful to reduce violence and make the way to detect fights happen also. While comparing to the existing project, this gives a high rate of detection.


Age-related cognitive deterioration has been associ- ated with changes in brain structure and function. It has been suggested that estrogen may have neuroprotective effects, pos- sibly by influencing the production of neuronal growth factors and increasing synaptic plasticity. In the postmenopausal stage, the decrease in the production of estrogen has been related to both cognitive and affective disorders and an increased risk of dementia. Clinical studies suggest that hormone therapy (HT) may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but results have been controversial. Some studies have found es- trogen to be associated with higher verbal fluency, reduced reaction time and better performance in test verbal memory. Other studies did not find positive effects on cognitive func- tions, while still others have reported a negative effect. The objective of this study was to review and evaluate studies of HT for preventing cognitive decline and dementia in healthy post- menopausal women. The neuropsychological and electrophysi- ological effects associated to the type of therapy were evaluated. Discussion of factors and variables that have contributed to the discrepancy in results across studies is presented, and it is pointed out that future studies should examine cognitive changes in the early stages of the postmenopausal period, when there are still estrogen receptors that could respond to the HRT and thereby affect positively cognitive performance.


The Northern and Eastern Provinces comprises the whole of eight districts, namely Jaffna, Mannar, Vavuniya, Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu, Trincomalee, Batticaloa, and Amparai and covers an area of 18,881sq.km. The population is 2.9 million Agriculture, including fisheries, has been the principal economic activity in the province. Over 50% of the total work force in the province depends on agriculture for their livelihood. With the increase in population, industrialization and urbanization, demand for water has increased. The domestic and industrial water use has to be given due consideration than the agriculture water use. The industrial sector's share of the Gross Domestic Product was 23% in 1996, compared to about 19% for agriculture, forestry and fisheries in whole country. Preliminary calculations based on per capita water use for domestic needs, water requirement for the irrigation sector and projections for industrial and commercial water needs show a trend of increasing water demand. Even though the Government has been developing water resources (surface irrigation facilities as well as ground water extraction facilities) for the economic and social wellbeing of the community, it has found that the scope for further development is reducing gradually. Water resource augmentation is a limited option. Since new projects tend to be less technically feasible and less economically viable. Therefore the importance of conservation and efficient management of available water resources should be addressed properly. Groundwater is used in the domestic, agriculture, commercial and industrial sectors. Several government organizations, non-governmental organizations, commercial enterprises and private sectors are promoting the extraction of ground water without any control or restrictions. This problem of unregulated groundwater use has led to over-exploitation of shallow aquifers and water quality problems. The major demand management consideration with respect to groundwater is that groundwater use is unregulated and controlled only by natural occurrence, recharge and the degree of impact by other groundwater uses. This paper analyse little on overall potential of North-East and specific research finding on few Northern river basins and recommend some strategies for the water sector development. In the mean time a complete study on all the river basins in North is going on.


Severe corrosion damage may occur when gas transmission pipelines are exposed, at disbonded coating locations, to trapped waters containing sulfide. This scenario has been investigated in long-term...


Based on the nature of ideological and political course of higher vocational education and characteristics of higher vocational school students, and the practice proved that, to carry through pertinent teaching method in ideological and political course of higher vocational education can mobilize and inspire students' learning positivity, increase stude-nts' basic qualities and abilities. In the practice of developing pertinent teaching, teachers should differentiate educational materials according to specialties, apply correct view to answer students' questions, and guide students to pay attention to the changing of practical situations and learn actively.


The paper analyzes the influence of the number of rotor bars on the stator current spectral content in a three-phase cage induction motor fed by a pulse-width modulated (PWM) inverter. It is shown that each of the higher-order time harmonics in the supply voltage produces space harmonics in a rotating magnetic flux density wave, which results in induced rotor slot harmonics (RSHs) in the stator current spectrum. The conditions for the existence of these space harmonics are identical to those applying to a mains-fed motor. In other words, the number of rotor bars of a mains-fed motor yielding an RSH-free stator current spectrum produces the same stator current spectrum even in case the motor is inverter-fed. Additionally, to minimize the adverse effects of RSHs in the stator current spectrum, one must consider not only the number of rotor bars, but also its relationship with the frequency modulation ratio of the PWM inverter. Analytical predictions are presented to illustrate these results supported both by numerical simulations of the induction motor modelled through the winding function theory and experimentally taking the case a two-pole cage induction machine as a case study.


Objective:To explore neuropsychological differences between internet addicts and Non-addicts.Methods:Internet addicts (n=26) and Non-addicts (n=26) were assessed with neuropsychological tests.tests, including WAIS-RC (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Chinese Version), WMS-R (Wechsler Memory Scale, Revised version), Stroop test, Tower of Hanoi and M-WCST (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test).Results: Internet addicts had poorer results in WAIS-RC, such as Knowledge 8.8±2.3/12.2±1.8; Arithmetic 6.5±1.8/7.8±1.1 (t=-4.9, P0.001); Block Figure 11.5±2.8/13.1±1.2, Digital Symbol: 57.2±8.9/62.4±5.1,P=0.015. The addicts had also poor memory performance (logic memory-instant 10.0±3.4/13.1±1.8,t=-5.8; delayed 7.7±4.0/10.1±2.0,t=-3.4, P=0.002; visual memory-instant 11.7±2.6/23.9±1.6,P0.001, delayed 11.2±2.3/12.9±1.7, P=0.003). In Stroop test, the addicts had also poorer results, such as correct number and time completion of its c test (109.8±2.1/111.0±1.8, P=0.007; 78.9±12.3/55.9±5.0, P0.001), correct number of its cw test (87.1±17.4/97.8±7.8, P0.001). Same results were got in WCST (such as correct number: 34.4±6.1/37.8±2.0,P0.001) and subscore of time planning of Tower of Hanoi (20.7±5.7/18.2±3.2, P=0.009). Conclusion:Internet addicts have poorer cognitive function.


Ballast degradation refers to the traffic use of in-service track when aggregate particles become smaller in size and fines are generated because of particle breakage and abrasion to cause geometry defects and influence the serviceability of ballasted track affecting train operations. To evaluate effects of ballast degradation on track substructure maintenance needs, single crosstie models were developed to simulate new and degraded ballast behavior under train loading. Particle size distributions and shape properties of the new and degraded ballast materials studied were adopted from previous laboratory tests conducted at the University of Illinois, U.S. Crosstie vibrations, ballast particle contact force distributions and particle rotations, and localized contact force chain networks were compared among different single crosstie models incorporating new and degraded ballast. The following key observations were made based on the simulation results: (1) crosstie on degraded ballast exhibits larger vibrations and more inconsistent vibration patterns; (2) degraded ballast shows a higher number of localized force chains with more particle contacts while the characteristic trend observed for new ballast is the presence of more symmetric force chain networks, which might be attributed to the new ballast layer's uniform gradation and good interlock; (3) average normal contact forces are distributed more uniformly in new ballast in both horizontal and vertical directions as opposed to these forces concentrated more in vertical direction in degraded ballast; and (4) more ballast particles experience large rotations in degraded ballast and the related impact zone, which encloses all particles with large rotations, is also broader and deeper.


In an activated sludge plant (ASP), a mixed culture of microorganisms is trained to survive in a particular environment and to degrade organics being served to them as food. In the commonly seen suspended growth ASPs, these trained microorganisms house themselves as flocs of solids, commonly referred to as MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids). The conventional plants are generally designed to maintain 3000-4000 mg/L MLSS in aeration tank. About 60-80% of these is the volatile (organic) fraction MLVSS, which indicates the biomass level in the aeration tank. Since MLVSS measurement requires burning the organics in a muffle-furnace, it is routine to measure MLSS gravimetrically and periodically verify the VSS fraction.


Classifying tumors into benign and malignant take time and resources; sometimes it takes several radiologists and oncologists to diagnose if a tumor is malignant or benign, especially if features are hardly distinguishable to the human eye. To determine a way to automatically classify if a tumor is benign or malignant, the researchers developed a model using J48 decision tree algorithm to classify a tumor through analysis of cell features extracted by the X-cyt program. Based on confusion matrix analysis, the algorithm performed well by recording a 95 percent accuracy rate derived from confusion matrix analysis.


One of the greatest blessings of my professional life is the opportunity I have to talk with hundreds and hundreds of my Special Education colleagues. Before and after my seminars, I have conversations and discussions with countless teachers from coast to coast and everywhere in between. It is truly a joy, and these on-the-fly exchanges give me an updated perspective on the changes and challenges in America's classrooms.


Electric motorbikes are becoming a booming business. To showcase where they could be heading is the Nawa Racer, a concept e-bike with a world first hybrid battery system using ultracapacitor technology


Hybrid plasmonic substrates fabricated by a gap-controlled, template-assisted self assembly of plasmonic nanorods (NRs) inside plasmonic nanolines fabricated using large area lithography are presented. This fabrication process can potentially be employed for wafer scale fabrication of plasmonic substrates with sub-5 nm gaps. The electromagnetic hotspots arising due to these sub-5 nm gaps can be employed for sensing using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The gaps and the overall configurations of the hybrid substrate are dependent on a combination of several parameters such as the nanoline gaps and the size of the NRs assembled. These plasmonic substrates offer high electromagnetic enhancements along with the possibility of tuning the plasmon resonance wavelength in the near-IR region of the spectrum.


In the experimental tests of gravity, there have been considerable interests in the possibility of intermediate-range gravity. In this paper, we use the earth-satellite measurement of earth gravity, the lunar orbiter measurement of lunar gravity, and lunar laser ranging measurement to constrain the intermediate-range gravity from lambda = 1.2 x 10(7) m- 3.8 x 10(8) m. The limits for this range are alpha = 10(-8)-5 x 10(-8), which improve previous limits by about one order of magnitude in the range lambda = 1.2 x 10(7) m-3.8 x 10(8) m.


The free energy changes (AG) for the reaction B 2 Li + = Li + + 2B were obtained in the gas phase for m- and p-substituted acetophenones based on the measurement of ligand-exchange equilibria of the type LiA 2 + + 2B = LiB 2 + + 2A using a FT-ICR spectrometer. A plot of AG (relative lithium cation basicity, ΔLCB[B 2 Li + ]) values against the AGB (proton basicity) showed a limited linear correlation for meta substituents and para electron-withdrawing groups with a slope of 1.06. Negative deviations observed for strong π-donor susbstituents suggested that the resonance effect of these substituents is reduced in the Li + complex compared to that in the protonated ion. Based on the correlation analysis using the Yukawa-Tsuno equation, ALCB = p(a° + r + Δσ + R ), the substituent effect on ΔLCB[B 2 Li + ] of acetophenone was characterized by a p value of -12.5 and an r + value of 0.49. A p value of -8.3 was determined for ΔLCB[BLi + ] based on the reaction LiB + = Li + + B from a p value for ΔLCB[B 2 Li + ] by using a factor of 1.5 that was obtained from a linear relationship between calculated ΔLCB[B 2 Li + ] and ΔLCB[BLi + ]. In comparison with the corresponding results for other Lewis cation basicities, it was shown that the p value decreases in the order of H + (-11.6) > Me 3 Si + (-11.0) > Me 3 Ge + (-9.7) > Li + (-8.3). The decrease in the p value indicates that the positive charges at the Lewis cation moiety of the adduct ion increases in this order. The small p value for the Li + basicity is consistent with largely ionic (ion-dipole interaction) nature of the bonding interaction between Li + and the carbonyl oxygen atom. The r + value that indicates the degree of charge-delocalization into the aromatic π-system also decreases in the same order. In spite of a small charge transfer from Li + to acetophenone ligand, the moderate r + value of 0.49 observed for the Li + complex is interpreted to be due to the redistribution of the induced positive charge in the acetophenone moiety by binding with Li + .


In spite of differences in the Artificial intelligence definitions, those definitions agree with the fact that the A.I aim is to transfer the intelligent human behavior to the computer. This do necessary the modeling of the intelligent human behavior. However, the modeling task is not at all evident. When the considered application is related to the human intuition (i.e knowledge acquisition and use), the modeling process move away from formal, and depends mainly on the expert perception of the human comportment. Note that the expert perception might be incomplete, and depends on research results on each domain related to the human cognition. In spite of that, many implemented models gave satisfactory results. Most persuasive example are neural networks. In this paper, we will present a simple model oriented to knowledge acquiring and use; we mean by use, the task commonly called "inference". We based our model on some human cognition behaviors that we think are the keys of the human intelligence. The main remarkable qualities of our model are the high level of abstraction, the flexibility to addition, suppression and substitution, the graphical simple representation, and the tolerance to errors which can occur during knowledge acquisition.


Abstract In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, monumental Muslim tombs in India served as spaces for refashioning local religious and social identities. Elite patrons, technical overseers, and stoneworkers engaged with new technologies of construction at sites meant to reflect claims on the Muslim past. This article interrogates divergent class understandings of monumental Muslim tombs in colonial-era India. It compares the construction of monumental Islamic tombs in the states of Hyderabad, Bhopal, and Rampur—three Muslim-led 'native states', quasi-autonomous polities under colonial oversight. By the late nineteenth century, many native state patrons employed a new middle class of technical intermediary to oversee tomb construction. The rise of this class created new hierarchies within construction, with apprenticeship-trained master craftsmen increasingly marginalized from state narratives and aligned with stoneworkers and other labourers. While patrons and middle-class intermediaries argued that new technologies and materials should be used to 'modernize' construction, they portrayed technical change as divorced from the religious symbolism of tombs. In contrast, workers integrated the religious and the technical, positioning technologies of construction within narratives of Muslim practice. The article uses native state tombs to analyse how labourers adapted to technical demands, without necessarily adopting state ideologies.


Using a CDMA cellular mobile telephone system in a CDMA receiver, is used to determine a plurality of finger reception timing search processing portion has a controllable search window so as to have a wide search range without size of any expansion. Specifically, the controllable search window is shifted or delayed so that the reception timing lies therein to decrease the number of correlators and / or adders.


【Objective】To investigate the permeability in vitro of horse fat.【Method】Detecting wavelength of horse fat,sheep fat,pig fat and peanut oil were confirmed by UV spectrophotometer,where the standard curves were prepared.Using sprague-dawlay skin as permeable membranes,the permeation quantity and permeation rate of horse fat,sheep fat,pig fat and peanut oil were studied.The permeating equation of different fat was built.【Result】The permeation quantity(μL/cm2) of horse fat is bigger than sheep fat,pig fat and peanut oil during the 2-10 hours of permeating,the order of the permeation quantity is horse fatpeanut oil≈sheep fatpig fat.The permeation rate(μL/cm2·h)were 2.132 1,1.247 9,0.736 0,1.276 4 respectively.【Conclusion】The permeation rate of horse fat is stronger than sheep fat,pig fat and peanut oil.


This talk discusses our rapidly expanding knowledge of the microbiome and its involvement in the gut-brain axis. It begins by describing important animal research which has spurred an interest in the therapeutic possibilities of human microbiome manipulations. Key studies will be considered, looking at the impact of microbiome manipulations on mental-health, with a focus on some of the difficulties conducting this research. Dr Lawrence's current research project - exploring a dietary intervention in ADHD - will be discussed. The talk will finish with a consideration of evidence-based ways to manipulate your microbiome and potentially improve your mental health.


A new sensitive and reproducible reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous trace level quantitative determination of Glyoxal in Ondansetron Hydro chloride by derivatization with 2,4-dinitro phenyl hydrazene (DNPH). The method was developed using Symmetry C18, 250 x 4.6mm, 5.0 um column with mobile phase containing solvent A mixture of 10 mM KH2PO4 (pH 2.5) and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 95:5(v/v); and the solvent B mixture of Acetonitrile, methanol and Milli-Q-water in the ratio 85:5:10 (v/v/v). The eluted compounds were monitored at 387 nm. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines with respect to linearity (The high correlation coefficient >0.999), limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy and precision. The LOD, LOQ values of Glyoxal were 7.6 ng/mL and 25.4 ng/mL respectively.


The utility model relates to the technical field of equipment detection, and discloses a frame sealant coating machine which comprises a machine, a bracket, a gluing device, an image acquisition module, an image processing module and an execution module, wherein the bracket is in sliding fit with the machine; the gluing device is arranged on the bracket and used for gluing the surface of a substrate arranged on the machine; the image acquisition module is arranged on the bracket in a sliding way and used for acquiring the image information of frame sealant on the surface of the substrate; the image processing module is connected with the image acquisition module and used for generating an adjustment signal when the error between the received image information and the standard image information exceeds the upper limit value of the set error; and the execution module is connected with the image processing module and used for adjusting the gluing pressure of the gluing device according to the adjustment signal. The frame sealant coating machine can be used for realizing the continuous visual detection for the gluing pressure, and automatically controlling the gluing pressure of the gluing device in an on-line way, thus reducing the loss of the substrate and improving the production efficiency and the yield.


In this paper, a resource allocation and data gathering scenario of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted wireless powered sensor network is investigated, in which the sensor nodes (SNs) are remotely powered by power beacons (PBs) via radio-frequency wireless power transmission (RF-WPT). A time-block structure with two phases is proposed to accommodate operations in the proposed system. During Phase-I, SNs harvest energy from PBs and periodically send its sensed data to the selected cluster heads (CHs). In Phase-II, an UAV collects the data from CHs to be delivered to the data sink for further processing avoiding the need for long range transmission and multi hop communication to the data sink. Then, a closed-form expression for outage probability of the proposed system over Rayleigh and Rician fading channels is derived. Next, outage probability minimization problem is formulated to obtain optimal time allocation for RF-WPT energy harvesting to improve the system performance. Due to the complexity of the problem, Lagrangian duality method is used to develop an asymptotic optimal solution with less execution complexity avoiding complex brute force/ exhaustive search approach. Furthermore, a heuristic method is presented to further lower the computation complexity. Simulation results reveal the superiority of the proposed methods compare to brute force/ exhaustive search approach via analysis, comparison and insights of the system performance results. Finally, the performance superiority of the proposed system is demonstrated with compare to identified baseline WSNs.


A PROCEDURE IS PROPOSED TO CONSIDER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IN THE EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS WHEN THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE IMPROVEMENTS IS TO INCREASE THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF A STRANDED AREA. THE EFFECT OF TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENTS ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF APPALACHIA IS DISCUSSED WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE APPALACHIAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACT. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT THE OBJECTIVE OF THE ACT IS TO INCREASE THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF APPALACHIA BY CONCENTRATING PUBLIC INVESTMENTS IN GROWTH POINTS AND ATTRACTING NEW INDUSTRY. TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENTS CAN HELP ACHIEVE THESE GOALS BY INCREASING THE LOCATIONAL ADVANTAGE OF GROWTH POINTS RELATIVE TO MAJOR METROPOLITAN CENTERS. WEST VIRGINIA IS PRESENTED AS A CASE STUDY. /AUTHOR/


ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to: 1) build a model to classify cattle activities based on locomotion and neck movement data and 2) study the daily time budget of non-native beef cattle in the boreal forest of southeastern Norway. We used GPS collars programmed to take positions and activity measures every five minutes on 18 cows during the grazing seasons 2015–17, together with behavioural observations in the field. The model classified the collar data into Grazing, Low (resting behaviours) and High (other active behaviours) activity with an accuracy of 79.4%. The cows spent 8.1 ± 0.5 (mean ± SD) hours per day grazing, corresponding to 34% ± 0.5% of their daily time budget. Daily grazing time increased during summer and was longer for lactating than dry cows and at low compared to high stocking density.


Lamar Fleming Jr. (third from left) seated at formal breakfast with unidentified men, partion doors and sign reading "Rue des Patisseries" in background.


When the influence of noise,interpolation and image modality is considered,the image registration method based on mutual information or normalized mutual information may cause local extrema,small convergence area,and even inaccurate registration.According to a simple Schur concave function and the definition of Jensen-Schur measure,generalized divergence measure and f information measure,six new measures were constructed.The Schur function with special concave characteristics can filter the small probability distribution caused by noise,interpolation and so on.The characters of six new measures,mutual information and normalized mutual information are analyzed and compared by applying them to rigid registration.The results of tests show that Jensen-Schur-beta and D-beta measures outperform other measures in convergence performance and noise immunity,and they are time saving in comparison with mutual information and normalized mutual information measures.


In this paper we announce some new mathematical results on the stability of quasistatic paths of a single particle linearly elastic system with Coulomb friction and persistent normal contact with a flat obstacle.A quasi-static path is said to be stable at some value of the load parameter if, for some finite interval of the load parameter thereafter, the dynamic solutions behave continuously with respect to the size of the initial perturbations (as in Lyapunov stability) and to the smallness of the rate of application of the external forces, e (as in singular perturbation problems). In this paper we prove sufficient conditions for stability of quasi-static paths of a single particle linearly elastic system with Coulomb friction and persistent normal contact with a flat obstacle. The present system has the additional difficulty of its non-smoothness: the friction law is a multivalued operator and the dynamic evolutions of this system may have discontinuous accelerations.


It describes a silicon-based nanoparticle inks having very low metal contamination levels. In particular, the metal contaminant levels can be achieved in the range of parts per billion (ppb). In particular inks of interest generally comprise a polymer, affect the ink rheology. Regard metal contaminants, are described in a polar solvent, such as techniques which are suitable for purifying a soluble polymer in the alcohol. Respect cellulosic polymers, describes a very low level of metal contaminants.


In the first part of this paper we will prove the Voevodsky's nilpotence conjecture for smooth cubic fourfolds and ordinary generic Gushel-Mukai fourfolds. Then, making use of noncommutative motives, we will prove the Voevodsky's nilpotence conjecture for generic Gushel-Mukai fourfolds containing a $\tau$-plane $\G(2,3)$ and for ordinary Gushel-Mukai fourfolds containing a quintic del Pezzo surface.


Mining of opinions are very crucial in all fields from e commerce websites to social media platforms. The products on any e commerce websites have thousands of reviews which helps customers to make a decision a product. Social media websites also have people with large number of opinions on a particular subject. Mining of opinions can be extensively used in the fields where opinions play a major role. This project caters to this need and classifies the opinions of people as positive and negative. This can further be used by movie recommendation systems and e commerce websites for evaluation of their product. It involved in the classification the opinions as positive opinions and negative opinions with the help of deep learning algorithms by achieving high accuracy. The procedures involved in this project will be of dataset selection, data preprocessing, data tokenization, and data cleansing and building a neural network. We have taken the dataset of reviews for this purpose. Data preprocessing and data cleansing is done so that deep learning algorithms can be easily applied on the data. Deep learning algorithms learn on their own and do not require guidance. The main objective of using deep learning model is for increasing efficiency, performance and accuracy. Here, we have applied three different neural network models to our dataset and compare the performances according to the testing and training accuracy obtained. Analysis of the three models concludes that Recurrent Neural Model (RNN) has least over fitting with considerable testing and training accuracy. Hence, it best suits the problem statement.


The present invention provides a Foxp3 peptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 74 or an amino acid sequence 3-5,7-9,12,15-19,22,24,27-30,37,67, and provides the following Foxp3 peptide comprising the amino acid sequence and wherein the above-described substitution or addition of 1, 2, or several amino acids and having cytotoxic T cell inducibility (inducibility), the present invention also provides compositions comprising Foxp3 peptides for modulating these adjusting Drug T cells. Foxp3 peptides of the invention may be used as a vaccine.


Compounds representing a new group of hop bitter substances, which have been named the hulupones, have been isolated. The properties of these compounds have been determined by physico-chemical methods and their behaviour on hydrogenation and oxidation has been studied. The hulupones show several features in common with the humulones and lupulones but each contains a five-membered ring. The proposed structural formulae show them to be closely related to oxyhumullnic acid.


In view of the shortcoming of driver state detection system which may take turn behavior as driver distraction, a new method to recognize turn behavior was proposed based on video images analysis. The driver hands position in different driving behavior were analyzed and we found that the position of driver's hands changed more violent when in turning than in other driving behavior. So we may use standard deviation of driver hands position to recognize driver turn behavior. In order to improve the hands locating speed the Particle Filtering was used to track the driver hands. And experiments resulted that the recognition algorithm can identify the driver's turn behavior.


In this paper are presented numerical optimizing investigations of planar polarimetric interferometer made by K+-Na+ ion exchange in glass for sensor applications. Two cases are considered: phase modulation of guided light waves caused by refractive index changes of the waveguide cover for applications of the polarimetric interferometer as refractometers or chemical sensors, and phase changes induced by nanometers of a dielectric layer separated from the waveguide by an air gap of the width below wavelength of light for using of the polarimetric interferometer as an acoustical transducer and pressure or displacement sensor.


bstract:With Permian Gufeng Formation(P2g),Longtan Formation(P3l)and Dalong Formation(P3d)in the Chaobei area as research subject,this paper made an analysis of pore texture of shale by means of mercury intrusion and scanning electron microscope(SEM)and concluded that the major pore type of the three formations is transitional pore in a range of 15.9nm to 27.2nm in size. Gufeng Formation and Longtan Formation have shale porosity respectively as 14.05% and 13.47%,specific surface area 2.16m2/g and 14.046m2/g,pore space 0.087ml/g and 0.067ml/g,all close to each other. Dalong Formation shale porosity is 1.58%,specific surface area 2.16m2/g and pore space 0.008ml/g. SEM-SE image of samples shows that clay mineral inter-particle pore is dominant,pore form is irregular and micro crack exists.


Any random subset of a space X clearly determines the membership function of a fuzzy subset through its one point coverages. This paper shows, conversely, that any fuzzy subset A of X can always be identified with, in general, many random subsets S(A) of X with respect to one point coverages i.e., simultaneously, for all x ¿ X, ¿A(x) = Pr(x¿S(A)). In a related manner, it is shown that any fuzzy set can be uniformly closely approximated with respect to one point coverages by a random set having a finite number of outcomes. In particular, the canonical mapping SU, defined by A ¿ SU (A) =df ¿A -1 ([U,1]), where A is any fuzzy subset of X and U is any uniformly distributed r.v. over [0, 1], produces such an identification. Moreover, SU is an isomorphism from the collection of all fuzzy subsets onto a proper subcollection of all random subsets of X, with respect to many of the basic fuzzy set operations and corresponding ordinary set operations among random sets. In addition, SU, among all possible mappings from the class of all fuzzy subsets of X into the class of all random subsets of X which preserve one point coverages, induces both the maximal lower probability measure and the minimal upper probability measure in Dempster's sense on P (X). Applications of the results to fuzzy attribute reasoning are presented, emphasizing the close connection between fuzzy and random confidence sets.


This study aims to show the problem of getting a desirable upper tone range. In this context, it means tones from the two-line octave and upwards. The starting point for the work is the author's own singing problems and previous experiences. Therefore, the study is based on action research where the author examines her own practice with high tones, under the instruction of Anna-Lena Tideman, a singing teacher and singer with many years of experience.
The aim of the study is to elucidate and to discuss a development process of the voice's upper tone range, focusing on sustainability, flexibility, strength and dynamics. The study also wants to show how certain factors may influence this type of vocal-technical work. The result presents relevant singing exercises and singing technical focus areas, designed to promote and to further develop the author's singing technique. This includes a conscious work with passages and registers, as well as exercises for support and breathing. The study also shows that the work with singing high tones includes many different aspects, and is influenced by several factors such as the singer's active listening, temporary fatigue, as well as previously established singing habits that may imply unforeseen challenges.


Inspissated oils are commonly distributed in the Eren Basin, North China. They can be divided into two genetic types: the primary and the secondary. Primary inspissated oils are generated directly by Cretaceous immature or low-maturity hydrocarbon sources, or are derived by differentiation of crude oils during migration. Oils of this type have viscosities varying in the range of 100-5000 mPa · s. By contrast, secondary inspissated oils, which have been inspissated to various degrees, result from a combination of biodegradation, water leaching and oxygenation of primary inspissated oils. Based upon a large number of determinations on physical properties of crude oils, GC analyses of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, and GC-MS analyses of steranes and terpanes, characteristics of inspissated oils of various types have been described. Differences in inspissation degrees have made it possible to group inspissated oils of the Eren Basin into an inspissation series, i. e. low-maturity and immature inspissated oils with viscosities of 100-2000 mPa · s, weakly biodegraded inspissated oils with viscosities of 500-5000 mPa · s, moderately biodegraded inspissated oils with viscosities of 1000-50000 mPa · s and highly biodegraded inspissated oils with viscosities over 50000 mPa · s. With progression of inspissation, the products vary from inspissated to over-inspissated oils. Slope and uplifted areas inside a reservoir basin are most favorable for inspissation and formation of inspissated oils. Interplay of several mechanisms of inspissation has resulted in widespread distribution of inspissated oils within the Eren Basin.


The Southern Alps, in particular the Canton Ticino, is the region of Switzerland that is most affected by the phenomenon of forest fires. Therefore, the cantonal authorities are continually confronted with problems of prevention, fire fighting and mitigation of the effects of forest fires. In this article forest fire management in Canton Ticino is analyzed in historical terms, verifying in particular the impact of the methods used and the improvement of technology addressing the frequency of events and the extent of burned surfaces. In this way it has been possible to show how a few structural measures (better organization of fire fighting crews and equipment, introduction of aerial fire fighting techniques, electrification followed by construction of shelters along railway lines, etc.) have rather reduced the extent of burned surfaces, while legislative measures such as restrictions of open fires help to reduce the number of forest fires.


This paper is mainly dealt with the generalization and inference of ineguality of radication of power root and proves briefly some important ineguality by the generalization and solves some problems about elementary algebra by inference.\;


The article examines the basic criteria of the effectiveness of using pulse X-ray apparatus in flaw detection, examples being the radiographic and xerographic methods. It describes the results of experiments intended to determine the sensitivity of these methods when industrial pulse X-ray apparatuses are used. It is shown that if the use of pulse apparatuses is to be efficient, comprehensive analysis of their parameters is required.


The method and system of the invention utilizes to form the legitimate certificate rather the identification card to check. The card is made by the digital code of the common password to the calculation section. Then the password and the digital code is coded and stored in the magnetic lines of force, or other storage device on the card. To the process effectively, the digital sign of the received card is perfected shown to occur from the password of the received card. And said password of the authorized card that can be displayed at the processing terminal and preferably comprises a regular of digitized pictures. These things can see the cards and regular proof by being visualized by the operator of the terminal.


Fetal and neonatal endocrine pancreas of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) was evaluated cytochemically with regard to maturation of beta cell granulation (aldehyde fuchsin technique) and the structural findings were related to the release of insulin‐like activity (ILA) in vitro (rat epididymal fat pad bioassay).


Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a biologically heterogeneous disease with an overall poor prognosis; thus, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Our previous studies showed that 4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethyl‐phenyl retinate (ATPR), a new derivative of all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), could induce AML cell differentiation and cycle arrest. The current study aimed to determine the potential pharmacological mechanisms of ATPR therapies against AML. Our findings showed that E2A was overexpressed in AML specimens and cell lines, and mediate AML development by inactivating the P53 pathway. The findings indicated that E2A expression and activity decreased with ATPR treatment. Furthermore, we determined that E2A inhibition could enhance the effect of ATPR‐induced AML cell differentiation and cycle arrest, whereas E2A overexpression could reverse this effect, suggesting that the E2A gene plays a crucial role in AML. We identified P53 and c‐Myc were downstream pathways and targets for silencing E2A cells using RNA sequencing, which are involved in the progression of AML. Taken together, these results confirmed that ATPR inhibited the expression of E2A/c‐Myc, which led to the activation of the P53 pathway, and induced cell differentiation and cycle arrest in AML.


The aim of this paper is to provide a methodology for the design of practical continuous high gain event-based observers for nonlinear systems with an almost everywhere injective r-observability map. As opposed to other high gain approaches, injectivity is allowed to be lost for a nonempty set of bad input points. An example with simulations illustrates the procedure.


Multiple extra‐cellular recording electrodes were used to study information transfer within the nervous system of the brittlestar Ophiura ophiura subsequent to sensory stimulation. Experiments were carried out on minimally dissected whole animals or single arms and photic, mechanical and chemical stimuli were applied in a controlled fashion. Stimuli of all modalities that were above a threshold that could be considered threatening gave rise to activity conducted rapidly (80 cm/sec) and relatively unchanged throughout all radial nerve cords and the circumoral nerve ring. This activity does not produce motor output within the muscular effector systems but appears to produce a state of alert within the animal. Lower levels of stimulation produce activity that is conducted more slowly at about 35 cms/sec and in a decremental fashion. All motor output, whether it is associated with feeding or escape, is driven by this slower conducted activity. There is habituation to repeated stimuli but the timecourse varies...


A discrete time (s, S) inventory system with demands occurring according to a Bernoulli process and geometrically distributed lead time is considered in this work. We address the situation in which the perishable items are packaged and stored in a suitable and controlled environment so that items in the packets do not perish over time. However, when a packet is opened to meet a unit demand, we assume that all the remaining items of that packet, which are brought out of controlled environment, may start decaying. As (s, S) type ordering policy is adopted for the packets. The distribution of the inventory level is obtained in the steady state. The system performance measures are derived and the results are illustrated numerically.


In this paper, the dynamic state space model of a three-phase induction motor with the inclusion of magnetic saturation effect is presented. Mathematical modelling is a very important tool for design and analysis of a system. In case of electrical machines, its importance becomes twofold, because of its involvement in design and control algorithms. Since more and more sophisticated control algorithms are coming forward, the accurate mathematical modelling is becoming essential. Unlike the conventional linear magnetization inductance-based models, in this paper, magnetization inductance as a nonlinear function of flux is used. Park's transformation-based equations are prepared and simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment. Different motor parameters in transient and steady state intervals are studied both under on and off load conditions.


Litter Decomposition in forest ecosystems adds nutrients to plants, and represents a significant source of atmospheric CO2. Despite its essential role in carbon and nutrient cycling, leaf litter decay in reserve forest ecosystems remains poorly studied. A completely randomized block design field experiment was conducted in Hafir Doka forest reserve, (latitudes '' ̏56 "15 015 and" ̏26 "15 015 N. and longitude 32o 24" 23 "̏ and 32o 13" 23 "E.). The aim of the study is to evaluate organic decomposition of neem leaf and the factors affecting it. One set of 36 litter bags each containing 20 gm. air dried neem leaf were buried 20 cm deep under the canopy of Acacia tortilis subsp. spirocarpa while another set of 36 bags were used as control, during the period November 2017February 2018. Random samples of 14 bags were retrieved and taken to laboratory to extract their faunal contents. Soil and air temperature and soil moisture were measured during the sampling events. Decomposers fauna were extracted using Tullgern funnel. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS design at p= 0.05 and compared according to Pearson correlation coefficient. Results showed that nematodes (Aphasmida), mites (Acari: Oribatida) and Collembola (Insecta, Entomobryidae) were extracted as animal decomposers.


In 2004 the research group PROGASP started a "materials testing" inorder to find those who can have adequate properties for the holding ofbiofilm in cleaning-up systems by sticking film; in this second stage ofthis project tests were made with plastic recyclable materials like thePET, the polyurethane foam and polystyrene. By making a comparison between the two stages it was found that plasticmaterials showed better performances as a supporting media than the testedmaterials of the first stage. It was a result of the comparison betweengravel behavior, whom, in the first stage had the best behavior than theanalyzed substrates in contrast with the second stage when its performancewas lower than foam (polyurethane PUR) and Icopor (polystyrenePS).


The cosmic geodesy provides methods and ways of various data acquisition. The collected data may be used for research, calculations and analysis in different fields of interest. According to the reliability and redundancy of data provided by cosmic geodesy methods, it is possible to contribute to the geodynamics monitoring. The geodynamics monitoring enables the tectonic plates movement tracking and predicts the movements which may result in disasters. Applying data provided by cosmic geodesy methods in the form of permanent observation station positions and their changes in time, in calculations, whose physical nature is based on the continuum mechanics, makes possible to monitor the direction, locality and size of visualised deformation tensors.


Original Research Article Introduction: Smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sedentary life style, and positive family history are known as conventional risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the prevalence of it varies across populations. There is paucity of data in our country about the prevalence of risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young adults≤35 year. Aim of the Study:This study aims to assess Prevalence of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Young Adults with Conventional Risk Factors. Material & Methods: It is an observational crosssectional single center study conducted in Jashore Medical College Hospital. A total of 1167 consecutive patients admitted with the diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: STEMI, and Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: NSTEMI) were enrolled for the study from July 2019 to June 2020. Of these total patients 37 were in the age group of ≤35 year. A proforma was designed to collect patient information which included age, gender, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, family history of coronary artery disease (CAD), level of physical activity, and Body Mass Index(BMI). Results: Of the total study population (1167) a significant number (37) i.e, 3.17% fall in younger adult's ≤35 year. The conventional risk factors for AMI smoking, dyslipidemia and family history are major in both age groups but these risk factors are more prevalent in young adults (≤35 year) in which smoking in male 25(67.57%) vs female 0, dyslipidemia in male 34(91.89%) vs female 2(5.41%) and family history of MI in male 33(89.19%) vs female 2(5.41%). Conclusion: Present study showed high prevalence of Acute Myocardial Infarction in younger age group ≤ 35year. Conventional risk factors were present in both the age groups, but smoking, dyslipidemia and family history of CAD were significantly higher in younger age group.


The influence of heat treatment on phase decomposition of Co-10 at. pct. Cu alloy was studied. The materials and phase compositions were studied by using energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. XRD analysis showed that the samples contained Co, Cu, CuO and CoCu2O3 phases depending on the heat treatment regimes. Moreover it is found that the formation of dendrite Co phase render the spinodal decomposition even for deep long aging inside the miscibility gap. The crystal structural parameters were refined with FULLPROF program. 2-D computer simulation indicates that the morphology and the shape of the microstructure agree with experimental SEM micrographs for the Cu rich phase.


A high silicon zinc oxide ore was treated to investigate the effect of sulfuric acid concentration and neutralizing condition on extraction percentage of Zn and SiO 2. The experiments focused on how to make slurry easier for filtration and improve technique of zinc extraction. The mechanism and technology of concentrated and dilute sulfuric acid leaching was demonstrated respectively. The necessity and feasibility of introducing microwave into hydrometallurgy was also discussed in this paper.


goals are generated through the use of data analysis and staff collaboration. Schoolwide expectations are adopted, and common language is utilized among staff and student. For students with unique behavioral challenges, additional support and interventions may be necessary. Storey and Post explain that these students fall within Tier II of the SWPBS model. Specific interventions with more intensity and adult contact are thoroughly explored within this section of the text. Examples of data collection systems and models of program implementation are presented. Unfortunately, while Storey and Post recognize that a low percentage of the student population will need even further intervention and supports (Tier III intervention), little description or support is offered here. Readers would benefit from additional information or suggested resources specific to Tier III interventions. Finally, Chapter 12 addresses the need for schools, agencies, and families to work collaboratively to improve behavior and support children. Storey and Post emphasize the importance of parental involvement and suggest that strategies utilized at school should be reinforced at home. Wraparound services are presented as an exemplary way to bring multiple stakeholders together to assist students and families who need a variety of supports from a variety of entities. In addition, Storey and Post discuss the negative impacts of bullying and violent behavior. Limitations of the book include a failure to connect FBA to the development of positive behavior support plans or behavior intervention plans. Once again, this highlights the lack of information relative to Tier III intervention. The authors also miss an opportunity to contextualize positive behavior supports in differing settings. A brief comparison of implementation strategies between primary and secondary classrooms and schools would be beneficial. In addition, readers would appreciate specific information regarding the use of PBS in inclusive classrooms, in which the relationship between culture and disability is explored. Finally, although the text is research driven, in several places, out-of-date research is cited, and there is a lack of more recent statistics and findings that would appear to have more relevance in today's classrooms. Despite the above limitations, Positive Behavior Supports in Classrooms and Schools: Effective and Practical Strategies for Teachers and Other Service Providers provides a practical, teacher-friendly, and straightforward look at student behavior. Specific strategies and guidelines shared may be easily implemented in the classroom or school. Storey and Post impressively take complex, intricate material and present it in a simple, uncomplicated manner. Essential elements of theories, methodologies, and research are woven into best practice procedures and effective techniques. This text is highly recommended for teachers, other service providers, and preservice educators looking to understand and improve student behavior.


A Research Report Submitted to the College of Economics and Management in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Bachelor Degree of Economics and Applied Statistics of Kampala International University