Background: Acute urticaria is an immune mediated or non-immune reaction lasting for less than 6 weeks. This can be caused by food, drugs, infections, physical contact, insect bite but majority are reported to be idiopathic. Theoretically, almost any drug can cause urticaria especially antibiotics like penicillin. We carried out this study to assess the various etiologial factors and to assess the immediate hypersensitivity reaction to various drugs in acute urticaria.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with acute urticaria in dermatology department from 2016 to 2018 (2 years) and recorded the demographic details, history of suspected cause, medications and intradermal drug test report in a standard proforma.Results: There were 154 cases of acute urticaria. Mean age of these cases were 36.48±11.37 years. 13.6% had associated angioedema. Mean duration of urticaria was 21.74±7.92 days. 40.9% cases were labelled idiopathic. Food accounted for 29.2% of the cases, drugs for 23.4% and infection for 5.2%. The rest 1.3% were due to insect bite. Intradermal drug test report showed the following frequency of positive reaction: diclofenac>ciprofloxacin= piroxicam>paracetamol=ketamine=diazepam>promethazine=atracurium.Conclusions: Most cases of acute urticaria were idiopathic whereas food, drugs, infections and insect bite were the specific causes. Fish among food, acetaminophen among drugs and streptococci among infections were most responsible agents. Immediate hypersensitivity to drugs in intradermal test were maximum for NSAIDs especially diclofenac and piroxicam followed by antibiotic namely ciprofloxacin in patients with acute urticaria.


SUMMARY Serum concentrations ofprednisolone were measured by radioimmunoassay after theadministrationofprednisone(10, 20, or 30mg)bymouth to fivehealthyvolunteers, fivepatientswith severe chronic active liver disease (CALD), andfive patients with CALDin remission induced byprednisone. Onlyminordifferences were foundbetweenthe groups andbioavailability was linearlyrelated to thedoseofprednisone (r = 0993). Afterprednisone(10 mg) was givenbymouthandbyvein to similar groups ofvolunteers and 11 additional patients with CALD,bioavailability oforalprednisoneapproximated100 Y. oftheintravenousdoseand no differences were foundinthepharma-cokinetics ofprednisolone. Weconclude that prednisone is effectively absorbed and converted to prednisolone in health andCALDandfind no pharmacological evidence that either drugwouldbesuperior to the other for treating CALD.Prednisoneis frequently prescribedfor the treatment ofchronic active liverdisease (CALD)(Solowayetal.,1972; Murray-Lyon et al., 1973) and must bereducedat the 1I, keto group for


As the economy development and reform going deeper and deeper, real estate has been the important industry of our country's national economy, and real estate market has been the important part of socialist market system. Research about real estate has been an important branch of applying economy research. On the premise of research on demand and supply, sales related to real estate market's good and bad directly, so real estate sale strategy do plays an important part.


The importance of performing energy audits on industrial plants in order to determine sources of energy losses and to affect energy conservation with the least capital investment is discussed. These energy audits determine boiler efficiency, needed improvements in control equipment and procedures, and heat losses in waste fluids or due to inadequate thermal insulation. It is estimated that fuel savings of approximately 35 percent can be achieved in most industrial plants by careful expert energy audits and implementation of energy savings suggestions. (LCL)


Objective To explore surgical incision abdominal fat liquefaction of diagnosis and treatment of experience.Methods Retrospective analysis from March 2000 to December 2010 all kinds of abdominal incision by subcutaneous fat liquefaction patients deep catheter continues the negative pressure to attract the effects of the treatment.Results All the cases using this method to shorten the time required for treatment treatment average 3 days,no case was happened nosocomial infection in hospital and to extend the time of the hospital stays.Conclusion Subcutaneous deep catheter continues the negative pressure attract fat liquefaction of incision surgical treatment can shorten time to treatment, reduce patient burden and medical disputes


Recent research suggests that auditory display offers new means for observing and differentiating complex data. One standard method for rendering an auditory display is playback of previously generated audio files. This method is enhanced through playback modification using tools such as Intel's RSX. MIDI-based synthesizers provide yet another method for auditory display. These methods have various drawbacks that are pressed to the limit when confronted with the requirements of analogical display systems. What is needed, therefore, is a way of rendering audio that is to auditory display what a system like OpenGL is to graphical display. Audio Rendering Engine And Library (AREAL) is a real-time audio renderer and sound synthesis software library. It offers the software developer and auditory display designer a set of tools for developing high-quality audio applications for low-cost multimedia computers using consumer or professional audio hardware. The primary purpose of AREAL is to enable a "model-based" approach to audio which is becoming common on high-end (and high-cost) workstations. This paper gives a brief description of this software system and its potential for use within the auditory display community.


Difficulty in admitting or failure to admit patients considered to be in urgent need of care and treatment in hospital are frustrating experiences for general practitioners and disquietening and perplexing ones for patients and their relatives. Such episodes are likely to undermine confidence in the organization and administration of the health services. They are, therefore, worthy of detailed study. Previous surveys have shown that delay in hospital admissions is a common complaint among general practitioners (Cartwright, 1964; Cartwright and Marshall, 1965) and that difficulty of admission has been associated particularly with older patients (Gibson, Hughes, and Broughton, 1958) and with maternity cases in London. This last problem has been eased by administrative changes introduced during 1964 (Ministry of Health, 1965) and is not considered in this paper. The study described in this paper followed up all those patients who had been referred with an urgent request for hospital admission to the Emergency Bed Service (EBS) in London during a period of 12 months, but for whom no arrangement could be made for admission at the time of the referral. By comparing this group of patients with groups who were admitted at the time of referral, the influence of age, sex, diagnosis, location, and other factors on the probability of successful emergency admission has been examined. On the basis of the data obtained, suggestions are made about the organization of domiciliary and hospital services.


42 women and 48 men from an introductory course in psychology served in 6 conditions (ns = 12 to 20). Music was helpful in alleviating the stress produced by having to wait for 10 min. with a small group of strangers who did not interact socially. Those college students in small groups who interacted and those who waited alone did not find the 10-min. wait to be stressful, with or without music.


The article deals with the problem of developing the creative nature of agricultural labor and agricultural production in general. The features of agricultural labor and its value bases in the conditions of macroeconomic instability, uncertainty and risks are revealed. The analysis of the value bases takes into account the problems of labor in the agricultural sector, for the solution of which the authors have developed recommendations that have proven themselves in practice and are well-established in theory. The role and importance of practice-oriented and humanitarian education in the development of creative (subjective) abilities of the employee's personality are revealed. A critical analysis of the state of development of questions of creativity in modern science is given. The article substantiates the thesis about the need to strengthen the role of humanitarian education in the training of creative specialists based on the use of foresight-program training as an effective interactive technology.


The right to wear a union badge - a medallion that bore in part the Australian Coat of Arms and was for Brisbane members of the Australian Tramway Employees' Association to attach to their watch chains - resulted in Queensland's first general strike and an unprecedented level of civil violence exceeding that of 1948 and the protest marches of the late 1960s and early 1970s. The badge issue was the spark that ignited the decade-long build-up of agitation and frustration amongst the 'Brisbane Toilers Class'.


Magnetic liquid is a kind of steady colloidal solution,which is obtained by dispersing the nano-sized magnetic particles into carrier liquid.The steady magnetic liquid is prepared by the sol-gel process The size of magnetic particles is affected by the ratio of FeCl_2 to FeCl_3,when the ratio of FeCl_2 to FeCl_3 is equal to 1/2,the size less than 20 nm.Different surfactants have the different effect on the stability of the magnetic liquid,for the magnetic liquid which takes the coal oil as the carrier liquid,oleic acid is better.Of course,the dosage of oleic acid has some effect on the stability of the magnetic liquid,when the rate of oleic acid to nano-sized magnetic particles is near to 4/1,the perfect magnetic liquid can be made.


Since 1987, the six member universities of the TransNow consortium have worked together on a variety of transportation research projects. The level of collaboration between the universities has increased as the researchers from each campus have had the opportunity to develop and enhance relationships with each other. During the academic year 1996-1997, this collaboration was extended to education. The University of Idaho served as the lead university for the project Development of Joint Education Programs for TransNow Universities, the objective of which was to develop a set of materials that include course listings, syllabi, and other information for transportation courses offered at each TransNow University. The next step in this process of educational collaboration was to provide a means for faculty from one or more TransNow universities to work together to jointly develop and share materials for a specific course commonly taught at each of the universities. While each university offers a broad range of transportation courses, each offers a required junior level course for civil engineering students in transportation engineering. This junior course was the logical one with which to begin such a cooperative effort.


Abstract This work compares and evaluates nine electrodialytic laboratory remediation experiments on copper mine tailings. Experiments in the past have applied this method on moist mine tailings, but can also be applied to mine tailing-liquid mixtures. The objective of this work was the treatment of mine tailing pulps. Different parameters were analyzed, such as current density, desorbing agents, and liquid–solid ratio over non-stirred and stirred mine tailings by air suspension. The results showed that the remediation action is improved using mine tailings in pulps. As expected, stirring of the pulp favors the process performance. For 7 days remediation the best results were obtained using air stirring of the pulp, citric acid addition, a liquid/solid ratio (L/S) of 4.0 [mL/g] and a current density of 0.9 [mA/cm2] reaching a 15% removal of the total copper.


In this paper,an electronic location method is presented for improving location precision and stability of electric leaf folding doors.Through MCU,EEPROM and power-fail detect technology,the system can get digital position data and direction data from hall sensor,and realize reliable electronic location.Engi-neering practices show that the design has property of high precision and well repeatability,and it suits the requirement of electric leaf folding doors.


The present invention provides a continuous operation can be prevented by making excessive changes modulating item value generator-vehicle electronic apparatus. Vehicle-mounted electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes: by a continuous operation can be continuously change input unit modulating the value of the item; running state detecting vehicle driving state detecting unit; detecting whether the input section continuous operation detecting unit for continuous operation; when the continuous operation detecting unit detects said input section of a continuous operation, it is determined that the operation time or operation amount exceeds a determination unit a predetermined value; and the determination unit determines conducted over a predetermined operating time or operating value of a quantity of continuous operation when, based on a detection result of the traveling state detecting section controls the amount of change of the adjustment value generation controlling unit changes.


We present the discovery of non-thermal radio and X-ray emis sion positionally coincident with the TeVγray source HESS J1813–178. We demonstrate that the non-ther mal radio emission is due to a young shell-type supernova remnant (SNR) G12.8–0.0, and constrain its dista nce to be greater than 4 kpc. The X-ray emission is primarily non-thermal and is consistent with either an SN R shell or unidentified pulsar/pulsar wind nebula origin; pulsed emission is not detected in archival ASCAdata. A simple synchrotron+inverse Compton model for the broadband emission assuming that all of the emission arises from the SNR shell implies maximum energies of (30−450)(B/10μ G)−0.5 TeV. Further observations are needed to confirm that the broa d and emission has a common origin and better constrain the X-ray spectrum. Subject headings: acceleration of particles – supernova remnants – radio:ISM – Xrays:ISM – ISM: individual (G12.8-0.0, HESS J1813-178)


The Respond integrated care model designed to meet the complex needs of asylum seekers, as reported by Farrant and colleagues,1 mirrors similar attempts in other regions to "bridge the gap"—both between the healthcare system and patients who are often excluded and between primary and secondary care. Hopefully it can serve as a good starting point for providing services to vulnerable migrants, as well as other groups that fall into the "inclusion health" category. Even more vulnerable than newly arrived migrants are those whose asylum claim has been rejected and are at risk of either exiting the system and living "undocumented" or being placed in an Immigration Removal Centre while they await enforced return to their country of origin. Undocumented patients are still charged for most NHS secondary care services, leading to delayed presentations and avoidance of care.2 Worse still, theyare frequently refused registrationwithgeneral practices, as outlined inDoctors of theWorld'sRegistration Refused report.3 Research into the healthcare standards of Immigration Removal Centres is limited,4 but people who have beendetaineddescribemajor issueswithhealthcareprovisionandquality, not tomention the ethical concerns around the effective incarceration of people whose mental health is already extremely vulnerable. Doctors employed in these settings run the risk of conflicting obligations to their patient and employer. The job description for a GP role in the new Derwentside Immigration Removal Centre includes in its key responsibilities: "Effectively communicatewith custodial staffwhere patient care and clinical outcomesmay be compromised by the [Immigration Removal Centre] regime,"5 but would they be supported in raising concerns about every patient in that setting? Improving services for new asylum claimants is of the utmost importance, but we must also continue to advocate for patients as they "exit" the system.


A reliable system in the company said, if the system is able to provide consumers with good quality. In addition the satety to humans and the equipment installed from the possibility of interference white the system reliability is also a requirement of a system in the company. Procurement of goods in PT.Coca-Cola is to know and understand the stock movement report (SMR) by making a request (consumer data) and with the documents submitted to the shipper. Then be made to the report. Procurement process from start stock movement report (SMR) with (consumer data) and (data placement) there will be good cooperation, so as to create mutual benefits and minimize the losses that will happen, but still there are constraints such as the accumulation of data, so that often there is less precision in data input goods, and Warehouse data which can lead to duplicate data. Problem-solving process procurement of goods, can be improved by optimizing the schedule of the procurement process, increase effectiveness and efficiency in the procurement process and create an SMR report timely and accurate.


Prof Şinasi Özsoylu, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Hematology Unit, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara 06100 (Turkey) I have read with interest the article by Kojima et al. [1] entitled 'High serum iron in human parvovirus-in-duced aplastic crisis in iron deficiency anemia'. I would like to add that we described, in 1965, erythroblastopenic crisis in a 12-year-old girl [2], who had iron deficiency, zinc deficiency, hepatosplenomegaly, geophagia, growth retardation, hypogonadism syndrome [3]. Viral etiology for this condition was suggested but not looked for, since human parvovirus was first discovered in 1975. Erythroblastopenic crisis has also been described in hematologically normal children [4]. In those cases bone marrow examination would help the diagnosis as in our case. Say, B.; Özsoylu, S.; Berkel, I.: Geophagia associated with iron deficiency anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, hypogonadism, dwar-fism. A syndrome probably associated with zinc deficiency. Clin. Pediat. 8: 661-668(1969). Ginsburg, S.M.: Acute erythroid aplasia (erythroblastopenia) and vascular purpura in an otherwise hematologically normal child. Ann. intern. Med. 55: 317-321 (1961).


Ensuring that service-oriented systems can adapt quickly and effectively to changes in service quality, business needs and their runtime environment is an increasingly important research problem. However, while considerable research has focused on developing runtime adaptation frameworks for service-oriented systems, there has been markedly less work on assessing the effectiveness of recommended adaptations. One way to address the problem is through validation. Validation not only allows us to assess how well a recommended adaptation addresses the concerns for which the system is reconfigured, it provides us with insights into the nature of problems for which different adaptations are suited. However, the dynamic nature of runtime adaptation and the changeable contexts in which service-oriented systems operate make it difficult to specify appropriate validation mechanisms in advance. This paper describes a novel consumer-centred approach for supporting runtime validation in self-adapting service-oriented systems. Our proposed solution uses machine learning to continuously assess and refine adaptation decisions.


As a senior nurse caring for patients who need palliative care, I am alarmed by Baroness Warnock's statement that many nurses 'may consider it compassionate to relieve a patient's suffering' were the law to be changed to allow assisted dying (news and features January 26).


In this paper, I investigate the outcome of a price competition between two firms, each producing two complementary products. Specifically, I study each firm's decision to coordinate price promotions of its products. Consumers are divided into loyals, who purchase both products from their preferred firm, and heterogeneous switchers, who can mix and match between four possible bundles. The switchers are willing to pay some price premium in order to purchase two complementary products produced by the same firm as they believe that these products are a better match than two products produced by different firms. I find that each firm predominantly promotes its complementary products together. This finding is supported by data in the shampoo/conditioner and cake mix/cake frosting categories.


Whether the 3−space where we live is a globally orientable manifold M3 , and whether the local laws of physics require that M3 be equipped with a canonical orientation, are among the important unsettled questions in cosmology and quantum field theory. It is often assumed that a test for spatial orientability requires a global journey across the whole 3−space to check for orientation-reversing closed paths. Since such a global expedition is not feasible, physically motivated theoretical arguments are usually offered to support the choice of canonical time orientation for the 4−dimensional spacetime manifold, and space orientation for 3−space. One can certainly take advantage of such theoretical arguments to support these assumptions on orientability, but the ultimate answer should rely on cosmological observations or local experiments, or can come from a topological fundamental theory of physics. In a recent paper we have argued that it is potentially possible to locally access the the 3−space orientability of Minkowski empty spacetime through physical effects involving point-like 'charged' objects under vacuum quantum electromagnetic fluctuations. More specifically, we have studied the stochastic motions of a charged particle and an electric dipole subjected to these fluctuations in Minkowski spacetime, with either an orientable or a non-orientable 3−space topology, and derived analytical expressions for a statistical orientability indicator in these two flat topologically inequivalent manifolds. For the charged particle, we have shown that it is possible to distinguish the two topologies by contrasting the evolution of their respective indicators. For the point electric dipole we have found that a characteristic inversion pattern exhibited by the curves of the orientability indicator is a signature of non-orientability, making it possible to locally probe the orientability of Minkowski 3−space in itself. Here, to shed some additional light on the spatial orientability, we briefly review these results, and also discuss some of its features and consequences. The results might be seen as opening the way to a conceivable experiment involving quantum vacuum electromagnetic fluctuations to look into the spatial orientability of Minkowski empty spacetime.


We present a modern machine learning (ML) approach for cluster dynamical mass measurements that is a factor-of-two improvement over using a conventional scaling relation. Different methods are tested against a mock cluster catalog constructed using halos with mass ≥ 10 14 M ⊙ h − 1 ?> from Multidark's publicly available N-body MDPL halo catalog. In the conventional method, we use a standard M(σv) power-law scaling relation to infer cluster mass, M, from line of sight (LOS) galaxy velocity dispersion, σv. The resulting fractional mass error distribution is broad, with width Δ ϵ ≈ 0.87 ?> (68% scatter), and has extended high-error tails. The standard scaling relation can be simply enhanced by including higher-order moments of the LOS velocity distribution. Applying the kurtosis as a correction term to log ( &sgr; v ) ?> reduces the width of the error distribution to Δ ϵ ≈ 0.74 ?> (16% improvement). ML can be used to take full advantage of all the information in the velocity distribution. We employ the Support Distribution Machines (SDMs) algorithm that learns from distributions of data to predict single values. SDMs trained and tested on the distribution of LOS velocities yield Δ ϵ ≈ 0.46 ?> (47% improvement). Furthermore, the problematic tails of the mass error distribution are effectively eliminated. Decreasing cluster mass errors will improve measurements of the growth of structure and lead to tighter constraints on cosmological parameters.


An attempt has been made to examine the flame-flow interaction in turbulent premixed flames in a reaction-sheet regime. Vectors of the flame-front movement and gas velocity have been measured simultaneously by use of a two-color, four-beam LDV system and a three-element electrostatic probe at two positions in a turbulent flame brush, i.e., on the centerline and off axis. On the centerline, velocity vectors of the flame-front movement are distributed symmetrically with respect to the burner axis, independently of whether the flame front passes the measuring position in the burnt-to-unburnt or unburnt-to-burnt direction. Off axis, velocity vectors of the flame-front movement are directed mainly toward the burner axis when the flame front passes the measuring position in the unburnt-to-burnt direction but away from the burner axis when the flame front passes the measuring position in the burnt-to-unburnt direction. When the flame front passes the measuring position in the burnt-to-unburnt direction, the axial component of the gas velocity is smaller in the unburnt mixture. When the flame front passes the measuring position in the unburnt-to-burnt direction, on the other hand, the axial component of the gas velocity is smaller in the burnt gas


The British Pacific Fleet was formed in October 1944 and dispatched to fight alongside the USN in the Central Pacific under Admiral Nimitz. Deploying previously unpublished documents, this book reveals how relations between the UK and US forces developed from a starting point of barely repressed suspicion, to one where both navies came to understand each other and eventually find a remarkable bond. Born out of a shared experience of Kamikaze attacks, extended operations against bitterly hostile shores, the pooling of knowledge and experience, the two navies underpinned the diplomatic moves in both Washington and London. The book carries the legacy of this experience through to the next Anglo-American participation in war, Korea. It illustrates and explains how and why certain lessons were incorporated into the composition, behaviour and structure of the post-war Navy. It demonstrates the significance of what was learned from the USN by the RN and by USN from the RN.


Pulmonary arterial hypertension, characterized by pulmonary vascular remodelling and vasoconstriction, is associated with excessive proliferative changes in pulmonary vascular walls. However, the role of HDACs in the phenotypic alteration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) is largely unknown.


Background and aims: Hypoglycemia is a typical, potentially life-threatening symptom in classical galactosemia with blood galactose considerably elevated (up to ∼100 mg/dl). Therefore we tested the interference of galactose on POCT glucose meters. Methods: Galactose was added to heparin whole blood (glucose concentration 48-63 mg/dl in series I, 0 mg/dl in series II) to obtain concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/dl (series I) and 50 and 100 mg/dl (series II). Due to measurement delays galactose declined in series II to 17 and 52 mg/dl, respectively. Results: Table 1
 Conclusions: These results show, that most POCT glucose meters are not able to diagnose hypoglycaemia in the presence of galactose. The FDA has warned physicians of the potential for life-threatening falsely elevated glucose readings in patients who have received … products containing (or metabolized to) maltose or galactose…, and are tested using glucose dehydrogenase pyrroloquinolinequinone (GDH-PQQ)…. Glucose oxidase based systems can as well be influenced. StatStrip glucose meter (Nova) compensate for interference effects.


This paper presents a classification of SMEs according to their level of e-adoption and their use of formal strategies and e-business strategies. The five distinct groups established in this classification are described and suggestions for the progression of SMEs e-adoption are given.


The objective of the research is to describe the implementation of KTSP in the teaching of English in SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta. The research was carried out from
January to April 2010. It is a qualitative research in the form of naturalistic study. The object of the research is the teaching and learning activities of English in SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta.
The data were gained from several techniques including non-participant observation, in-depth interview, and document analysis. In analyzing the data, the researcher applied the constant comparative method as a means to derive the theory, i.e, by comparing incidents applicable to each category, integrating categories and their properties, delimitating the theory, and writing theory.
The implementation of KTSP has some supporting factors from the syllabus and creativities of teachers' teaching strategy. However, the findings reveal that the implementation of KTSP has some weakening factors, too. Those are from adaption of new curriculum and teachers' character. Dealing with its supporting factors of KTSP,
the teachers have rights to arrange their syllabus which are appropriate to the school's need and the condition and the teachers are free to improve and apply any teaching
strategy which is the most appropriate and effective for the students to learn. The weakening factors of implementing KTSP is that it needs time to make adaptation
since it is as a new curriculum and the teachers' point of views toward KTSP are not easy to change due to their perspective of previous curriculum. Anyhow, there some
impacts of the implementation of KTSP to the instructional process in SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta, to the teachers' teaching strategy, and the students' learning intensity.
The research finding of this study imply that the implementation of KTSP in teaching English increases the intensity of student to learn. Therefore, it is recommended that (1) the teacher should not only increase their communicative competence, but also have to change their point of view of the KTSP implementation. (2) the school as the educational institution should complete the school with some learning facilities such as sets of multimedia and provide more skillful and competent teachers. (3) the government should take into account the readiness of the lower department and schools in KTSP implementation, and (4) the other researchers develop some dimensions which have not been developed in this research.


More than half the 700 people currently seeking asylum in Britain are being held in detention centres, even though they have done nothing wrong, says the Refugee Council. The council held a conference in London last week to highlight the health needs of people seeking asylum and refugees. Common problems include was injuries and infectious diseases, to which are being added the stresses of up to a year's detention pending a decision.

The council's settlement services director, Kate Allen, said that "we have also seen an increasing number of negative decisions made about their future since the new Asylum and Immigration Appeals Act …


8,9-Benzo-2-methylene-1,4,6-trioxaspiro[4,4]nonane (BMTN) was prepared by the reaction of phthalide with epichlorohydrin, followed by dehydrochlorination. BMTN was polymerized with di-t-butyl peroxide (DTBP) to give a solyble polymer with a high molecular weight and good thermal stability. The infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra indicated that the polymer structure contained aromatic ester and ketone in the backbone. Tg and Tm of homopolymer of BMTN were, respectively, 98 and 282°C. BMTN was also readily copolymerized with such vinyl monomers as methyl methacrylate (MMA), acrylonitrile (AN), and maleic anhydride (MA), but not with styrene, in the presence of radical initiators. AN and MA, in particular, were spontaneously copolymerized with BMTN in the absence of radical initiators at 40°C. From the results of ultra violet (UV) spectra it is suggested that spontaneous copolymerization proceeds via a charge-transfer complex between BMTN as an electron donor and AN or MA as an acceptor.


It analyses in theory the signal transmision disturbance on digital Micro wave Circuit of shentou Taiyuan line and findsout the cause for the fault.lt's good example study for other faults.


The 3-dimensional design software Maxsurf is used to model a high-speed passenger ferry. Calculations such as storage capacity, equilibrium, longitudinal strength, stability at large angles of inclination and so on are carried out in Hydromax.


In the letter the full-wave analysis of a suspended substrate microstrip line with pedestal is investigated for the first time. Two auxiliary problems are constructed for obtaining the fields above and below the plane of the pedestal support. The characteristic equation is derived using the spectral Galerkin method.


I would like to add a personal anecdote to Scadding's article1 on bacillary dysentery in Egypt. In March 1944 I was admitted to hospital in Bangalore, India, with mild bacillary dysentery. My treatment consisted of repeated doses of a mixture of magnesium and sodium sulphate, the standard treatment at that time. It seemed to me that this purgation was perpetuating my original symptoms and that this might go on indefinitely. I therefore hatched a plot with the Italian orderly (Italian prisoners of war were employed as orderlies in hospitals in India) to chart my treatment but not to give it to me. The result was impressive; within 48 hours I was 'formed', and was discharged.

Scadding referred briefly to 'Some probably harmful procedures were still sometimes advocated; for instance there was even the residue of the idea that saline purgation ought to be helpful in ridding the bowel of the infective agent.' Exactly when sulphaguanide became available in India and South East Asia is not clear, but it was certainly in use in Singapore in September 1945. Stitt's Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Tropical Diseases,2 published in 1943, clarifies the situation; after quoting a number of favourable trials of sulphaguanidine, it states, 'A large supply of this drug has been very recently sent from the United States to Cairo for the use of the British armies in the Near East and Africa'—but not to India, apparently.

One wonders how many military man-hours were wasted by this useless purgative treatment.


Advances in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) over the past 20 years may have had an impact on the morbidity and mortality associated with infections post transplant.


The aim of this project is to design, analyze, and make an anthropomorphic arm that is controlled by linear actuators, forming a closed-loop kinematic chain. We present a design that is closer to workings of the human muscle by simulating different muscles such as the deltoid, bicep, and the tricep. We show the design process by using inverse kinematics on different subproblems, then do a full forward kinematic analysis including a simulation of the robot. Finally, a mechanical implementation is presented.


Water loss in water distribution system is an important issue in India. Up to 50% to 60% of treated and pumped water is lost during transit from source to consumers end. Unwanted water leaky pipelines are almost always pertaining in drinking water supply networks. Since the supply networks are usually underground this problem becomes more challenging. To resolve such problem, this paper studies the possibilities of leak detection of unwanted leaks in the water distribution pipelines from the surface using acoustic systems. The acoustic equipment uses audio and vibration noise produced during leakage of water from the pipeline. However, the techniques and methodologies that are currently used for the individuation of leaks, despite being universally accepted are extremely, time- consuming and requires highly- experienced persons. This paper gives an overview of techniques and equipment used for water audit and leaks in water distribution systems. Furthermore, a strategy for reducing water loss is addressed.


Today's wireless networks and devices support the dynamic composition of mobile distributed systems, according to device connectivity. This has in particular led to the introduction of a number of supporting middleware. However, such solutions need to be complemented with adequate modeling and verification support towards enforcing the correctness of the dynamic mobile systems with respect to both functional and nonfunctional properties. Building on the elegant properties of software architecture modeling, this paper introduces base modeling of mobile software components, which integrates key features of the wireless infrastructure and allows for reasoning about the behavior of dynamically composed systems.


Even though it has been shown that residue number systems (RNS) provide very fast and reliable arithmetic due to its inherent parallel processing and error correcting capabilities, its use is severely limited to a few applications due to the complexities involved in its conversion circuitry. Moreover, the detection of errors and their correction form an important aspect of any digital design. In this regard, here a CRT based reverse converter for fault tolerant RNS is presented. We propose two architectures, the first one generates the corrected residue number and the second one decodes binary number from its erroneous residue input. Furthermore, it can be shown that if one of the moduli is an integer power of 2 (of the form 2), the hardware requirement for reverse conversion can still be reduced compared to previous techniques. The proposed approach uses less hardware compared to conventional designs.


By means of a very low birefringence spun fiber, we investigate experimentally the phenomenon of polarization modulational instability in the conditions of effective isotropy of the Kerr medium. By showing that birefringence in spun fibers can be negligibly small as compared to nonlinear effects, our results open up new prospects in the development of applied nonlinear fiber optics. This aspect is illustrated through the generation of polarization domain walls whose interest for optical fiber data transmissions has been recently discussed.


Abstract Background: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic values of serum S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and proenkephalin (P-ENK) levels in brain damage caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: We prospectively collected serum blood samples of 58 adult patients admitted to our emergency department due to TBI. Serum S100B and P-ENK levels were measured and compared according to clinical findings and outcomes of the patients. Results: When patients with brain injury were compared to controls, statistical significance was determined in both S100B and P-ENK levels. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, cut-off values for serum S100B and P-ENK levels for the differential diagnosis of patients with and without brain damage were found to be 785.944 ng/mL and 2.445 ng/mL, respectively. There was a statistical significance in both S100B and P-ENK levels when patients who were discharged and those who died were compared. Conclusions: Serum S100B and P-ENK levels are found to be elevated in patients with TBI when compared to controls. Additionally, serum levels of both markers are found to be elevated in patients with multiple lesions when compared to patients with a single lesion. Serum S100B and P-ENK levels may also be used as predictors of mortality in patients with TBI.


Contents: Preface Introduction: a million-dollar business? Cosmic liberation: the pursuit of the millennium The shock of the new: the age of Aquarius Celestial enlightenment: the new age End times: the new age and the age of Aquarius The writing of heaven: new age astrology Oracles to the vulgar: sun-sign astrology An evolutionary paradox: the survival of belief in astrology Salvation and the stars: astrology, religion and belief Superstitious times: the extent of belief in astrology Belief in astrology: a public survey In their own words: the astrologers' universe of discord With their own voices: interviews with astrologers Conclusion: modernity and normality Bibliography Index.


BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES
Rapid and accurate diagnosis and identification of Leishmania sp causing cutaneous leishmaniasis is crucial in control and therapeutic programs. The problem of diagnosis with traditional methods is that they have a low sensitivity or time consuming but molecular techniques would be an alternative method for rapid and accurate diagnosis. In this work, tryparedoxine peroxidase gene-based real-time PCR was used for accurate identification of Leishmania spp causing Old-World cutaneous leishmaniasis.

METHODS
In this study, biopsies of specimens were taken from the ulcerative sites in 100 patients and used for direct microscopy, culture in NNN or fixed in alcohol for identification of Leishmania spp using tryparedoxin peroxidase gene-based realtime PCR (qPCR).

RESULTS
Using direct microscopy and culture method, Leishmania parasites were isolated from 68 out of 100 patient samples. However, 13 patients with negative finding on traditional tests, had positive results on RT-PCR test. After melting curve analysis of PCR product, Leishmania major in 75 and L. tropica in 4 cases were identified. The sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis was 98.7 and 59.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Results of this study showed that RT-PCR was the most sensitive diagnostic test for cutaneous leishmaniasis and represents a tool for rapid species identification.


The topographic location of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase has been studied in preparations of permeable and sealed membranes derived from human erythrocytes. Both the catalytic and cyclic AMP-binding components of protein kinase are localized on the inner, cytoplasmic, surface of the plasma membrane.


Abstract This discussion presents a scheme that has been found to be very convenient for the three-dimensional representation of the pressure and temperature fields in the atmosphere both for forecasting and for aircraft operations. The terms pressure altitude (zp), altimeter correction (D) and specific temperature anomaly (S) are defined and their physical interpretation discussed. The hydrostatic equation, the geostrophic and gradient wind equations, and the thermal wind equations are stated in terms of these parameters. All necessary tables and calculation diagrams including a thermodynamic chart called the pastagram are presented. Applications of the proposed scheme to pressure-height computations, wind calculations, aircraft operations and general synoptic analysis are given together with a number of examples.


The invention discloses a stretching and winding film for automatic steel reel winding and packaging.The stretching and winding film is prepared from, by weight, 30-60% of linear low density polyethylene LLDPE, 20-50% of metallocene linear low density polyethylene MLLDPE and 2-20% of ethylene and alpha-olefin copolymer toughened resin.A manufacturing method of the stretching and winding film for automatic steel reel winding and packaging comprises the following steps of material selection and production.According to the stretching and winding film for automatic steel reel winding and packaging and the manufacturing method of the stretching and winding film, the film is high in strength and toughness and good in adhesiveness, the problem that a steel reel is damaged due to the low strength of a stretching and winding film, the problem that a steel reel incision is cracked due to the low toughness of the stretching and winding film and the problem that the steel reel sealing performance is poor due to the low adhesiveness of the stretching and winding film are solved, and the increasingly-stringent requirements of automatic steel reel winding and packaging are met.


AIM
To determine the outcomes in women diagnosed with 'Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance' (ASCUS) on cervical smears.

METHODS
All diagnoses of ASCUS on cervical smears made at Southern Community Laboratories (SCL) in Christchurch in 1996 were retrieved from the SCL database and correlated with all available previous and subsequent smear and biopsy results from these patients. The outcome was reported as the most significant (highest grade) cervical smear or biopsy over the following two year period.

RESULTS
278 women had smear results of ASCUS in 1996, reflecting 2.3% of total cervical smear diagnoses at SCL (Christchurch) for that period. Follow-up was available for 260 (94%). 61% had benign (normal or inflammatory) changes, 6% had persistent ASCUS (smear only), 18% had a Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL), and 15% had a High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL). All women with ASCUS who subsequently developed HSIL had persistent abnormal smears.

CONCLUSIONS
An ASCUS smear result indicates a group of women who have an increased risk for detection of HSIL. The effectiveness of routine Pap smears for detection of cervical cytologic abnormality is confirmed.


In recent years, the cultivation of entrepreneurial talents has been concerned by the society, especially in higher vocational colleges. The major of e-commerce has certain advantages in the aspect of entrepreneurship, but the current students of e-commerce major in vocational colleges are not very active in entrepreneurship. Therefore, we need to explore the new education model and establish and implement the entrepreneurial talent cultivation model. Only in this way can students improve their entrepreneurial ability and contribute to their future development. Keywords—Vocational colleges; Electronic commerce; Entrepreneurial talent; Cultivation of talents


An evaluation method of track correlation uncertainty was put forward in this paper. Firstly, the measure of track correlation uncertainty was defined by Shannon entropy measure and Hartley measure of information uncertainty. Then, an evaluation model for track correlation uncertainty was proposed. Lastly, the usage of online evaluation of track correlation uncertainty in data fusion system was briefly illustrated. Simulation results show that the track correlation uncertainty can be quantitatively evaluated and can be used to improve the level of automation for data fusion system.


How can practitioners work within the Prime areas while also introducing children to the Specific areas of development? Penny Tassoni considers how the different aspects link together


This paper presents a pseudo-equivalence of the digital PI fuzzy controllers with the PI linear controllers in the continuous time domain. A method to design PI fuzzy controller is presented. Transfer functions and equivalence relations between controller's parameters are obtained for the common structures of the PI fuzzy controllers. The pseudo-equivalence is made based on a grapho-analithic analysis based on transfe characteristics of the fuzzy block, the linearization of the fuzzy block around the origin and the usage of the gain in origin obtained as an origin limit of the nonlinear gain of the fuzzy block. An algorithm of equivalence presented. Some advantages of this method are emphasized.


W. S. HARTROFT ( T h e Research lnstitute of the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada): This session will be divided into two parts. We will follow the plan of the six sessions that have been held this week. Discussion relevant to the first three will take place before a break and the second three after. The division is more or less one of basic science versus clinical; morphology and physiology versus clinical application. Therefore, the general guidelines are the above. I will welcome questions from anyone in the audience, any time.


This study examines the conflicts within the European Union regarding protected status accorded to legal commercial gaming industries and the principles of harmonization that direct EU economic policy. Member States are permitted to constrain competition for gambling services as long as the primary purpose is to protect citizens from unintended negative consequences associated with the activities. Also, because of monopoly status, high tax rates, or government ownership, many EU gaming industries have become major contributors to government coffers or for funding for "good causes." Legal challenges by private companies trying to participate in these protected markets have led to decisions by the European Court of Justice that have questioned such protected status. A number of key economic metrics for European gaming industries are presented, and competitive dimensions of EU casino industries are examined in comparisons to trends elsewhere.


This article categorises the different criteria and weightings used to determine promotions in UK universities. The criteria were analysed to determine the extent to which they recognise research and teaching equally as evidence for promotion. The results show that universities have largely adopted formal parity in the criteria for senior and principal lecturers. However, for the higher and more prestigious ranks of reader and professor most universities exclusively require research excellence and do not allow similar applications based on teaching activities. Furthermore, there is a distinct and significant difference between promotion criteria in pre- and post-1992 universities, with the post-1992 universities much more likely to recognise research and teaching equally.


Computations of the free energy of some chemical reactions involving dissociation or reduction of alkaline earth oxides have been made on the basis of rough estimates of the thermochemical quantities which have not been measured. The resulting values of free energy, equilibrium constant and equilibrium pressure of barium vapor derived for specified ideal conditions are tabulated. Several applications of these results are discussed.


The causes leading to the nonideal characteristic of the chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG ) are discussed. The impact of the group delay ripple (GDR), reflectivity ripple (RR) and bandwidth of the CFBG on the 10Gb/s transmission system where non-return-to-zero (NRZ), return-to-zero (RZ) and carrier-suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ) formats was investigated and the CFBG employed as dispersion compensator was simulated and compared in detail. The analytical result helps to optimize the practical 1500km CFBG-based transmission and the relation between the system performance and the nonideal characteristic of the grating validated the analysis in this paper.


Photophoresis is a particle-light-induced phenomenon with several applications, such as spectroscopy, 3-Dimensional displays, and nanomanufacturing, to name a few. This work synthesizes, criticizes, and compares the main hydrodynamic and gas-kinetic models developed to quantify photophoretic forces in the slip-flow regime for uniform light beams, contrasting their predictions with experimental data available in the literature. The results comparing the different models evidence the simplicity and accuracy of Loesche and Husmann's model, which is then confronted with the experimental data available in the literature. However, considering the noticeable effect of high irradiance levels on photophoretic forces, namely, when temperature variations significantly change the thermofluid properties of the gaseous layer around the particle, more experiments are recommended to validate theoretical models. Finally, considering the photophoretic models depend on two asymmetry factors, J0 and J1, a physical interpretation of their meaning is provided, especially for the oscillations in the later argued as the result of Mie resonance effects.


7127 Background: Sepsis is common in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients due to deficient immune system in the early part of the transplant and in patients with graft versus host dis...


Lateral Epicondylitis and Medial Epicondylitis are occupational illnesses and they are frequently seen on people who are making excessive extension and flexion wrist movements more than 2 hours a day. Patients have to give a break in the middle of their working process because of the pain at the elbow location while performing extension and flexion wrist movements against resistive forces. To deal with this occupational disease, an active wrist orthosis device is designed first, and then, its successful operational functionality is shown in MATLAB/Simmechanics environment using a fuzzy logic controller.


[Objective] To explore relationship between the adenoid vegetation, the tonsil hypertrophy and secretory otitis media in children and surgical operation method with curative effect under the nasal endoscope. [Methods] 216 adoptions windpipe puts the tube anaesthesia, using 3 mm 0° nasal endoscope to put into practice adenoidectomy, among them merges secretory otitis media 125 examples, to put into practice myringotomy with tube insertion or myringotomy under the nasal endoscope. Chronic tonsillitis or tonsil hypertrophy in companion 171 example, put into practice tonsillectomy along together. [Results] After operation with visit during 3 and 6 months, 183 examples (85%) sleep with gape breath and snore etc.symptom disappears or obvious improvement. Merges to secretory otitis media of 125 examples, after operation 91% (114 example) hearing acquire obvious improvement, pure tone hearing threshold recover or near to normal, tympanogram show the A type diagram, acoustic stapedius reflex is deriven. [Conclusion] Adenoid vegetation is an important factor that children secretory otitis media to be taken place; Treatment adenoid vegetation with secretory otitis media in children under nosal endoscope surgical operation, the method is simple, the curative effect is accurate.


[Abstract] This paper presents the joint efforts of developers, manufacturers and record pilots in order to establish a new generation of insulated hot air balloons. Numerical simulations and comprehensive experimental tests both of scaled model balloons and fullscale balloons were carried out. With the help of just a single layer of the aerofabrix insulation the fuel consumption of a hot air balloon was reduced by half. Alternatively the buoyant force can be increased about 50% at the same level of fuel consumption. Life prolonging effects and daily operations are investigated with the current prototype.


I Spent My Life in the Mines: The Story of Juan Rojas, Bolivian Tin Miner. JUNE NASH. New York: Columbia University Press, 1992. vii + 390 pp., photographs, map, glossary, bibliography, index. $49.00 (cloth), $18.50 (paper). ISBN 0-231-07936-2, ISBN 0-231-07937-0.


The invention discloses a method for detecting closing and opening synchronism of a high-voltage circuit breaker. Due to the fact that physical strokes of a three-phase contact of the high-voltage circuit breaker in an on-line state and an off-line state are unchanged from a completely separating point to a completely inserting point, after the time of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the off-line state from the completely separating point to a just closing point is substituted into a displacement and time curve of the three-phase contact of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the off-line state from the completely separating point to the completely inserting point to obtain the displacement, the displacement is substituted into a displacement and time curve of the three-phase contact of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the on-line state from the completely separating point to the completely inserting point, and then the time of the three-phase contact of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the on-line state from the completely separating point to the just closing point can be obtained; and similarly, the time of the three-phase contact of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the on-line state from the completely inserting point to the just opening point can be obtained. The error of a detecting result is smaller, and the detection accuracy of the closing and opening synchronism of the high-voltage circuit breaker is improved.


Should a patient not be hospitalized for a heart attack in California receive basically the same care as a patient with similar clinical characteristics in Alabama? Care in each instance should be largely the same, but it is not. This fundamental variability has vexed health services researchers for more than 20 years. Dartmouth Medical School researchers have famously documented that Bgeography is destiny[Vthat where you live determines how much and what kind of health care you receive. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) began publishing annual reports on health care quality and disparities in the United States in 2003. AHRQ's National Healthcare Quality Report and National Healthcare Disparities Report together track the quality measures for the health care system overall and summarize differences in quality of, and access to, health care experienced by various racial, ethnic, and income groups as well as other priority populations. They also corroborate what the Dartmouth Atlas Project and other analyses have demonstrated: that the quality of care varies greatly by state. This startling variability persists despite focused efforts to address it. It is evident in multiple dimensions, such as social and demographic characteristics of patient populations, as well as across different clinical areas (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, pneumonia, clinical preventive services). It is clear that we in health care need to redouble our efforts to reduce it. In the past decade, institute of medicine reports on patient safety and overall quality of care have reinvigorated the national health care quality improvement movement, engaging a diverse set of stakeholders in various collaborative efforts, both regionally and nationally, and producing many concrete achievements. The good news is that, overall, AHRQ has documented steady improvement in the quality of American health care. However, the rate of quality improvement is modest and, in fact, appears to be slowing. The fifth annual reports, published in March 2008 by the agency, examine health care quality broadly. These analyses draw on more than 3 dozen data sources to measure quality and disparities in 5 areas: the effectiveness of care, patient safety, the timeliness of care, patient centeredness, and the efficiency of care. These reports showed that some areas of health care made important gains, but, overall, quality improved by an annual median rate of just 1.5% per year between 2000 and 2005. That modest rate represents a decline compared with 2.3% annually over the longer period from 1994 to 2005. To provide more specific information for states, AHRQ also produces a Web tool based on state-level data from these reports. The focused analysis of these data will help us determine where quality interventions are needed most. The compilation of these data provides a valuable tool by which we can understand the quality of health care in each state. These BState Snapshots[ provide state-specific health care quality information including performance strengths and weaknesses that suggest opportunities and priorities for improvement. The goal is to help state officials and their public and private sector partners to better understand health care quality and disparities in their state. To see how a state fares against regional and national averages, visit AHRQ's State Snapshots Web page, http:// statesnapshots.ahrq.gov/snaps07/index.jsp. Scrutiny of state-level data reveals that more measures have seen progress in terms of decreases in variation between the best-performing state and the worst-performing state between 2000 and 2005. Specifically, variability decreased for 28 measures, increased for 13 measures, and remained unchanged for 18 measures. INVITED COMMENTARY


In order to understand the intervention effect of mental awareness training on College Students' emotional level and provide reference for mental health education of college students, 208 college students were randomly divided into intervention group and control group by cluster random sampling method. The intervention group was given mental awareness training for one month, while the control group was not given any intervention. After the intervention, the scores of state trait anxiety questionnaire and depression questionnaire were compared between the two groups. The results showed that the depression score of the intervention group was significantly lower than that before the intervention, and the anxiety score had no significant difference before and after the intervention. The scores of depression and anxiety in the control group were significantly higher than those before the intervention. The data analysis results show that mental awareness training can effectively improve the emotional health of college students. It has a certain reference value for the research on the intervention effect of mental awareness training on College Students' mental health level.


Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of nurses regarding hemodialysis complication in Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: Descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. The study was conducted at the Hemodialysis Unit at tertiary Care Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. The sample of the study consisted of 110 nurses (female) working in the hemodialysis unit, aged between 18 and 55 years has agreed to participate in this study. The self-administered questionnaire sheet was used to collect study-related data with the following sections. Part 1: ''Nurse's socio-demographic characteristics'', Part 2: "Nurses 'Awareness of Hemodialysis Practices", Part 3: "Nurses' Awareness of Hemodialysis Complications" Findings: Most of the nurses had a good level of knowledge about the complications of hemodialysis and very few of them had little knowledge. Most of the nurses were females and were aged 18-27. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Further research should be done on a larger sample of them which focuses on their practice and should make the results of their study regarding their knowledge and its reflection on their practice


Tourists at a site in Queensland, Australia, by feeding the lorikeets (Trichoglossus spp.) provided a permanent source of food that probably reduced, but did not mask, the nomadism of the local lorikeet population.


The paper reviews the developm ent of the autom obile welding technique in China and introduces advanced welding technology,such as no-m an operated welding production line,2m m engineering,inertial gas shield welding, high strength steel plate welding and ect.which are used in autom obile production abroad. M oreover,it analyzes dem anding situation for welding technology with the developm ent of autom obile production.


We study electronic transport in graphene under the influence of a transversal magnetic field $\f{B}(\f{r})=B(x)\f{e}_z$ with the asymptotics $B(x\to\pm\infty)=\pm B_0$, which could be realized via a folded graphene sheet in a constant magnetic field, for example. By solving the effective Dirac equation, we find robust modes with a finite energy gap which propagate along the fold -- where particles and holes move in opposite directions. Exciting these particle-hole pairs with incident photons would then generate a nearly perfect charge separation and thus a strong magneto-thermoelectric (Nernst-Ettingshausen) or magneto-photoelectric effect -- even at room temperature.


Coherent control of occupation numbers in quantum mechanical multilevel systems is widely studied driven by its application in lasers and its prospects for quantum computational elements. Here the authors present a nanoelectromechanical resonator equivalent to the coherent control of a quantum mechanical two level system. The distinct eigenmodes of a nanomechanical beam resonator represent the two levels whose amplitude mode occupation numbers are controlled by a frequency matched acoustic excitation, mediated by a pulsed surface acoustic wave. They show that similar to quantum mechanical systems it is possible to transfer occupation numbers from one mode to another by matched acoustic pulses.


The 14 edition of the Report on Results-based Budget taking into account the Gender aspect accompanying the 2019 Finance Bill launches the third wave of prefiguration of the GenderSensitive Budgeting (GSB) by involving five new ministerial departments in 2018, in accordance with the circular of the Head of Government No. 7/2018. Accordingly, the total number of departments that have been accompanied in adapting GSB is now 28 ministerial departments.


According to theWorld Health Organization, Pneumoconiosis

affects millions of workers globally,

with an estimated 260,000 deaths annually. The

burden of Pneumoconiosis is particularly high in

low-income countries, where occupational safety

standards are often inadequate, and the prevalence

of the disease is increasing rapidly. The reduced

availability of expert medical care in rural areas,

where these diseases are more prevalent, further

adds to the delayed screening and unfavourable outcomes

of the disease. This paper aims to highlight

the urgent need for early screening and detection

of Pneumoconiosis, given its significant impact on

affected individuals, their families, and societies as

a whole. With the help of low-cost machine learning

models, early screening, detection, and prevention

of Pneumoconiosis can help reduce healthcare

costs, particularly in low-income countries. In this

direction, this research focuses on designing AI solutions

for detecting different kinds of Pneumoconiosis

from chest X-ray data. This will contribute

to the Sustainable Development Goal 3 of ensuring

healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all

ages, and present the framework for data collection

and algorithm for detecting Pneumoconiosis

for early screening. The baseline results show that

the existing algorithms are unable to address this

challenge. Therefore, it is our assertion that this

research will improve state-of-the-art algorithms of

segmentation, semantic segmentation, and classification

not only for this disease but in general medical

image analysis literature.


This work considers the linear (time‐dependent) Schrodinger equation, quantum theory of two‐slit interference, wave‐particle duality for single photons, and the uncertainty principle in a setting of arithmetic, algebra, and topology provided by Observer's Mathematics, see [1]. Certain theoretical results and communications pertaining to these theorems are also provided.


Objective: to study the influence of NK1 iv receptor blocker on autonomic nerve , SP and NOS of AMI rats with electric needle stimulating PC6.Methods:Observed the discharging frequency of heart sympathetic and vagi nerves after NK1 iv receptor blocker;the OD of SP and NOS of Paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus, medullary bulb and vagi nerve complex,spinal lateral crus before and after treatment.Results: the discharging frequency of vagi and sympathetic nerve showed no significantly different between group C and group D;but the discharging frequency of vagi and sympathetic nerve showed significantly different between group C, D and group E(△P0.05); in group D and group E ,the positive expression of SP and NOS in PNV of hypothalamus, medullary bulb and vagi nerve complex,spinal lateral crus decreased.which further lead to the decent of positive expression of NOS at same places.Conclusion:NK1 iv receptor blocker blocks the adjustment of electric needles stimulating PC6 to vagi and sympathetic nerve; the positive expression of SP in PNV of hypothalamus, medullary bulb and vagi nerve complex,spinal lateral crus decreases,which further leads to the decent of positive expression of NOS at same places. SP plays a key role in the protecting effet of electric needle stimulating PC6 on AMI .


In this study, an efficient iterative algorithm is devised to handle a nonlinear equation arising in estimation of thermodynamic properties at supercritical conditions. The approach is based on a synergistic combination of the classic Newton-Raphshon algorithm and the Adomian decomposition method. We demonstrate that the proposed method enjoys a higher degree of accuracy while requiring fewer iterations to reach a specific solution compared to that by the Newton-Raphson algorithm. To illustrate the efficiency of the aforementioned solution technique, several numerical examples are provided. The proposed method has been easily implemented in computer codes to provide parametric, not just numeric, solutions to the model equations. Consequently, one can derive other thermodynamic properties, which have not been treated parametrically to date, based on our new combined approach.


Early theoretical and field studies showed that P-wave sources generate a substantial amount of shearwave energy for pure-mode (SS-wave) exploration seismology. SV-waves are created in isotropic or VTI (vertical transversely isotropic) media by either buried explosives or surface vibrator and weight drop sources. These methods have not been embraced by our industry; however, benefits could include shallow S-wave velocity model building to help PS-wave processing (CMP processing is easier), and S-wave surface-consistent residual statics.


Ace‐1 canine prostate cancer cells grow orthotopically in cyclosporine immunosuppressed laboratory beagles. We previously transfected (human Gastrin‐Releasing Peptide Receptor, huGRPr) into Ace‐1 cells and demonstrated receptor‐targeted NIRF imaging with IR800‐G‐Abz4‐t‐BBN, an agonist to huGRPr. Herein, we used the new cell line to develop the first canine prostate cancer model expressing a human growth factor receptor.


A correct determination of the mineral and chemical composition of specimens is of the utmost importance to answer questions regarding the Cultural Heritage field. Because of the preciousness and often very low quantity of sample available, with textures and sizes in the nano-to-micrometric range, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) is one of the most suited and exploited nano-microanalytical techniques. In these cases, to avoid severe mistakes and quantification errors in SEM-EDS, it is mandatory to consider several effects related to the transport of electrons and X-rays in the material, which in turn are dependent on the SEM-EDS setup. In the present work, a Monte Carlo SEM-EDS nano-microanalytical simulation strategy is proposed and applied to a practical selected case. The Egyptian blue mineral pigment, which is found in Pompeian murals, is used here as an example and model system to show the effects of real size variations (0.1–10 µm), basic geometrical shapes of the pigment (prismatic and spherical) and typical SEM setups, sample holders and substrates. The simulations showed a great—sometimes not intuitive—dependence of the X-ray intensity on the thickness and shape of the samples and SEM-EDS parameters, thereby influencing the analysis and quantification. The critical overview of the results allowed the determination of the correct procedure and technical SEM-EDS parameters and indicated how to apply the Monte Carlo simulation strategy to other Cultural Heritage cases.


NADPH diaphorase histochemistry and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunocytochemistry were used to localize putative NOS positive structures in the nasal mucosa of adult Xenopus laevis. Olfactory receptor neurons and supporting cells in the olfactory epithelium, together with nerve bundles, blood vessels and submucosal glands in the lamina propria, were NADPH diaphorase positively stained. Isoform specific antibodies to NOS I and NOS II did not stain cells in the epithelium, but strong immunoreactivity to NOS III appeared in the olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium of medial diverticulum and oral cupola of medial diverticulum. In the lamina propria, NOS I or NOS III immunoreactivity was found in nerve bundles and blood vessels, but not in acini of submucosal glands. Our findings revealed that isoforms of NOS were present in Xenopus nasal mucosa, suggesting that NO might participate in the chemosensory activities of Xenopus laevis.


One of the rare complications of condylar fracture of the lower jaw is its deployment in the middle cranial fossa. The world literature knows about 45 such cases, more inherent in pediatric population (53.7%). The danger of dislocation of the mandible condyle into the middle cranial fossa is the possibility of formation of a subdural hematoma, with unpredictable consequences. Such complication of the lower jaw fracture also causes violation of occlusion with the difficulty of the process of food chewing.The article describes a rare case of dislocation of the condyle of the mandible in 19 year-old girl injured in a traffic accident. Early detection of damage was difficult because of its rarity and complexity.Diagnosis of these rare lesions can be facilitated by CT study with 3D reconstruction.


[1] Low-latitude ionospheric and near-Earth magnetospheric electric fields are calculated from model results of the storm time asymmetric ring current. These fields are generated from subauroral field-aligned currents out of the ionosphere in the midnight sector and into the ionosphere on the dayside. The currents balance the divergence of the asymmetric ring current, which is the dominant component of the ring current during main phase and early recovery phase of magnetic storms. The basic shape of the electric potential pattern is described, both in the ionosphere and in the magnetosphere. It is found that intense ring current injection events can create potential differences up to 200 kV and can create local electric fields in the nightside magnetosphere >5 mV m−1. The magnitudes and locations of the most intense electric fields are quite consistent with observations of subauroral (ionospheric) and near-Earth (magnetospheric) electric fields during magnetic storms. In addition, a relationship between the magnitude of the low-latitude electric potential and the Dst* index is described. This relationship can be used to predict the location and size of strong low-latitude electric fields and currents. The presented electric field results are derived from model output, such that there is no feedback of the calculated fields back into the model.


ABSTRACT. Sorogena stoianovitchae is the only ciliate that undergoes fruiting body development. Previously, we demonstrated that the developmental process is divided into five distinct stages: aggregation, compact aggregation, secretion of a mucous matrix, stalk elongation, and completion of the fruiting body. When S. stoianovitchae is mildly starved, several hundreds of cells aggregate beneath the water surface, and the aggregate develops into an aerial fruiting body. Essential requirements for fruiting body development are high‐cell density, a light–dark cycle, and a dark period of more than 8 consecutive hours. In addition, the initial aggregation begins during the night, and light stimulation at sunrise triggers subsequent development. To elucidate the genes involved in fruiting body development, we carried out a reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in cells before and after such development. Thirty‐six sequences with stage‐specific expression patterns were cloned and partially sequenced. BLASTX search revealed that sequences with high identity for extracellular proteins (mucin, proteophosphoglycan) or membrane proteins (surface protein, TM9SF) are likely candidates for aggregation material, mucous matrix, and stalk material. Other sequences showed similarities to proteins, such as the casein kinase related to exocytosis in Paramecium, suggesting that they are involved in exocytosis signaling pathways for fruiting body development.


one four-generation family, seven three-generation families, and three two-generation families. Lod scores were calculated using the standard LIPED programme for 49 combinations of Omale and Ofemale from 0 01 to 0 50. Lod scores excluded close linkage with 16 markers, including most tested on chromosome 1 and HLA on chromosome 6, and were inconclusive for 12 markers, including the secretor locus, closely linked to myotonic dystrophy. Analysis of five informative families resulted in a lod score of + 2 2 for close linkage with GC on chromosome 4. However, the lod score for GC in the one additional informative family was negative, so that the final interpolated maximum


Since December of 2017 the concentration of PM2,5 in the surface layer of the atmosphere has been continuously monitored at the posts of the Krasnoyarsk regional observation system. Analysis of the data showed that the content of PM2,5 in the air environment of the city of Krasnoyarsk affect first the period of unfavorable meteorological conditions (UMC) and secondly the height of the observation posts above the level of the Yenisei. It is established that the number of days when the concentration of suspended particles exceeds the MPCda is greater than the days of predicted UMC.


For the major of safety engineering in local colleges and universities,only if it is established on the basis of local industry and adapted initiatively to the development of society and enterprises,can it has its own features and vitality.In the present paper,after sufficient survey and demonstrations,the authors proposed the talents cultivation mode and curriculum system of safety engineering specialty,and also stated the corresponding cultivation approaches,relying on the industry background of petroleum and chemical,ship building and repairing.It is expected that the cultivation of safety engineering specialized application talents with solid foundation,strong ability,high comperhensive quality,innovative spirit and comparatively strong practical ability would be realized through constant explorations and practices,and the cultivation features of safety engineering specialized talents in local universities will be gradually formed.


This paper describes the design of hybrid neuro-fuzzy systems with heterogeneous and homogeneous structures.  The system with a heterogeneous structure is developed for  diagnosing myocardial perfusion from cardiac images.  In this model, the neural network and fuzzy system work as independent components. When a new case is presented to the diagnostic system, the trained neural network determines inputs to the fuzzy system.  Then the fuzzy system using predefined fuzzy sets and fuzzy rules, maps the given inputs to an output, and thereby obtains the risk of a heart attack.  The system with a homogeneous structure is developed for predicting an aircraft's trajectory during its landing aboard an aircraft carrier.  A database of landing trajectories of various aircraft flown by different pilots is used to train the system, RADAR numerical data provides real-time trajectories of landing aircraft and the system predicts an aircraft's trajectory at two seconds in advance, based on the aircraft's current position.


We announce a new result (proved in collaboration with T.A. Gillespie) on the boundedness of a class of Schur multiplier projections on the von Neumann-Schatten ideals Cp. We also show that for 1 p 2 the average Cp norm of a 0{1 matrix grows just as quickly as the largest norm of such a matrix.


Peleckij V. O. The article is sanctified to research of one of the elements of wilful abandonment of military unit or service place criminalistic description – to the situation of crime commission. The classification of factors forming the situation of its commission is offered on the basis of the examined corpus delict analysis; short description of these factors is given.


The efficiency of database access is a key to execution of efficiency.The designing of index should be based on the analysis and forecast of varied queries.By testing of the 4indexing schemes on Microsoft SQL Server 2008DBMS,optimization is acquired for index database query.Hence,it is imperative to select the reasonable indexing strategy.


Mobile access to the Internet is increasing but still dominated by early adopters. To attract more users, user experience of mobile Internet needs to be improved. This requires understanding better mobile users and usage contexts to identify the kinds of services that users will be ready to use. In addition to increasing the attractiveness of services, successful user experience also requires improvements in devices and infrastructures such as networks, browsers and proxies and means to find situationally relevant services. This workshop calls developers and researchers of mobile Internet to exchange experiences and ideas how user experience of mobile Internet could be improved.


Interpreting the mechanism of machining errors' accumulation (MEA) is hard in multistage machining processes. This article addresses a novel three-dimensional graphical model named RFID-MEA for quantitating MEA inspired by the radio-frequency identification (RFID) graphical deduction computing model. RFID-MEA aims at revealing the MEA's mechanism instead regarding the machining process as a traditional "black box" model. First, Taylor's second-order expansion is employed to advise the mathematical representation of MEA and its calculation formula. Then, RFID data are collected to bond the MEA formula's variables with certain data silos in the right type at the right time. After that, raw not only structured query language (NoSQL) data computing is executed in edge nodes for assigning values to variables of the MEA formula accurately. Finally, machining errors are estimated by solving the MEA formula. By illustrating an industrial case, it is shown that the RFID-MEA has better performance in estimating machining errors, as well as with higher reliability and interpretability.


Concurrent engineering has become a popular approach to product development among manufacturing companies. A lively debate has recently arisen upon whether the technique may be conveniently applied under all circumstances, or whether, in some cases, it may be inferior to other approaches, including the traditional sequential one. The paper proposes an analytical model of concurrent engineering and shows that the main, although not the only, determinants in suggesting the optimal allocation of product and process design effort are the 'evolution speeds' of product and process parameters. Evolution speed indicates whether the major part of design uncertainty is reduced early or late in the design process and, among other factors, is related to the problem's innovative content. It is eventually found that concurrent engineering is optimal in the case of routine design and when the process characteristics are not critical. Under other circumstances other three patterns, termed 'sequential', 'process first' and 'co-operative R&D', appear to be superior.


The syntactic properties of applicatives have received a large amount of attention. Despite this there have been almost no attempts to explain the reasons behind the choice of an applicative coding of an argument when there is an grammatical oblique coding strategy available. This study focuses on dynamic applicative constructions in Tukang Besi, an Austronesian language of central Indonesia, and examines a large corpus for reasons why applicative coding is chosen over oblique coding. Factors such as semantic role information and animacy are as important as textual prominence in the coding decision. The implications of these findings for typological divisions that have been proposed within Austronesian are discussed.


In this paper, we reflect on how the soap opera audience, family and social class constitute the female identity of young working class women. The sample, which is configured as audience ethnography, was composed of 12 young people between the ages of 16 and 24 living on the outskirts of Santa Maria-RS. The results indicate that the economic deprivation interferes in the experiences and ways of being a woman, by teenage pregnancy, by work, by dropping out of school or on television as the primary form of recreation. The soap opera is also essential, because if, on the one hand, (re) produces a traditional female model - in which motherhood and marriage are female priorities - the other, gives evidences of gender equality representations, which they don't experience in their daily lives.


!. Agner T, Serup J. Quantification of the DMSOresponse, a test for assessment of sensitive skin. Clin Exp Dermatol 1989: 14: 124-127. 2. Lahti A, Maibach H I. An animal model for nonimmunologic contact urticaria. Toxicol Appl Pharmacal 1984: 76: 219-224. 3. Lahti A, Maibach HI. Species specificity ofnonimmunologic contact urticaria: guinea pig, rat and mouse. JAm A cad Dermatol1985: 13: 66-69. Contact Dermatitis 1994: 30: 53


In relation to Bringuier's paper (2003 Eur. J. Phys. 24 21), it is pointed out that one cannot always neglect relativistic effects at low velocities. Also, some flaws are identified in his analysis of fields and charges in the case of a circular loop rotating in a constant magnetic field.


The experiment purposes are to observe of the influence of temperture and anneal time to the tensile strength of material and discover the material that has optimum of tensile strength. Samples of the experiment are of ion, steel and copper which are annealed on temperature of 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650, 750, 850, and 950oC for 30 minutes. Besides, the wire are annealed on temperature 350oC for 30, 60, 90,120,and 150 minutes. The tensile strength of materials are measured with a tensometer. By analysing of data it is discovered that the optimum tensile strength is the steel which anneal temperature of 450oC and anneal time of 30 minutes. Increasing of the temperature and anneal time causes decreasing of the tensile strength of the materials third order polinonial.


Reputation management has always been important for individuals, companies and organizations. Emergence of new types of media, as is the social media, brought radical changes in the ways we manage and monitor personal, corporate and organizational reputation. The fundamental purpose of this study is to describe how social media influences corporate and organizational culture in respect of reputation management and monitoring. It is also discussed how Academia and their stakeholders should be part of these changes.


The Clubhouse model has a long history of effective support among people who experience disability due to psychiatric impairment. However, it had not been used with other groups until its recent adaptation among people who experience disability following brain injury. The model is known for its consumer direction, community basis, and long term supports. Preliminary results indicate that the' model may also be very effective in supporting community and vocational tenure among this new group of individuals.


Abstract Research on media and information literacy has been growing exponentially over the past years, but it has focused more on the examination of media practices than on the assessment of media and information literacy skills. In this paper we describe the process of designing and implementing a Media and Information Literacy Test comprising 20 items. We present the results of the analysis carried out to validate the items and to construct a scale of media and information literacy skills using Item Response Theory (IRT). Findings indicate that the conceptual framework adopted is adequate to measure media and information literacy and that the test has good discrimination and difficulty parameters. The test is based on a more comprehensive framework used to assess media and information literacy skills than those used in previous studies and can be used on an item-by-item basis. In this sense, it is a novel contribution to current efforts to measure media and information literacy skills.


This paper describes how the K _α/ K _β count rate ratio of the characteristic X-rays of a given element can be applied to determine the depth at which a layer or a grain of that element is located. The theoretical background and a basic description of the K _α/ K _β technique are given in the introduction. The experimental part of the paper deals with measurements of thick standard pure iron, intermediately thick iron foils, and layers prepared with a powder of Prussian blue. All these specimens were analyzed alone, and they were also analyzed overlaid with a low Z matrix. The light matrix consisted of sheets of paper of known thickness. Paper was chosen, because we take into account the subsequent application of this technique to surveys of historical monuments. The relation between the K _α count rate, the K _α/ K _β count rate ratio, and the distribution of iron in the paper matrix are presented here.


The influences of various factors on the tensile strength loading caused by steel bolt-nut connections on Cupressus funebris wood components in directions perpendicular and parallel to the grain were studied. The focus was the interference fit parameter between the nut and the pre-drilling hole, the nut embedded depth, and the embedded nut diameter using the single factor method. The optimum parameters for bolt-nut connections with C. funebris wood components both perpendicular and parallel to the grain component structures were obtained via a single factor experiment and verified by simulation using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The experimental and simulation-based results revealed that the optimum parameters with maximum tensile strength for the bolt-nut connections with C. funebris wood components were an interference fit of -0.80 mm, a nut embedded depth of 25 mm, and an embedded nut diameter of 15.5 mm. Considering the needs of practical applications, the optimum interference fit parameter between the nut and pre-drilling hole was -0.80 mm, increasing the length of the nut within the allowable range of part size was beneficial, and it was not suitable to increase the diameter of the embedded nut to improve the part's performance.


The avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) is a member of the mitochondrial transporter superfamily that uncouples proton entry in the mitochondrial matrix from ATP synthesis. The sequencing analysis method was used to identify nucleotide polymorphisms within the avUCP gene in Korean native chicken (KNC). This study identified ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the avUCP gene. We analyzed the SNPs of the avUCP gene to investigate whether polymorphism in the gene might be responsible for quantitative variations in economic traits in KNC. Three significant polymorphic sites for economic traits were avUCP C+282T (mean body weight, p<0.05), avUCP C+433T (daily percent lay, p<0.05), and avUCP T+1316C (daily percent lay, p<0.05). The frequency of each SNPwas 0.125 (C+282T in avUCP gene exon 1 region), 0.150 (C+433T in avUCP gene intron 1 region), and 0.15 (T+1316C in avUCP gene exon 3 region), respectively. Among the identified SNPs, one pair of SNPs (genotype CC, C+282T and TT, avUCP C+433T) showed the highest daily percent lay (p<0.05) and mean body weight (p<0.05) and the frequency was 0.067. This study of the avUCP gene could be useful for genetic studies of this gene and selection on economic traits for KNC.


The compilation of Chinese heritage textbooks has always adopted the standards of teaching Chinese as mother language or as second language. The difficulty level of the texts is mostly measured separately from the aspects of Chinese characters, vocabulary, and grammar. There is no comprehensive quantitative evaluation standard. Readability formula is one of the methods to comprehensively measure the difficulty of text. The present study made use of Chinese heritage textbooks as the source of data and constructed readability formula by the method of multiple regression analysis. The formula includes four language features, i.e., proportion of difficult words, number of different characters, average sentence length, and proportion of function words, which could explain 72.9% of the variation of text difficulty level. Limitations and future works of the formula are discussed.


The term "remote sensing" pertains to the acquiring of information about a particular geographic area through the use of aerial cameras or other sensing devices that are situated at some distance from the area that is being studied. The purpose of this paper is to indicate, with the aid of specific examples, the usefulness of remote sensing as a means of determining various ecological conditions. Some of the examples to be given are quite simple and others are complex, in terms of the analysis required to deduce ecological conditions from the remote sensing record. Specific Examples


Several kinds of heat exchange between envelope and environment were introduced,such as sun radiation,air athwart radiation,heat echo and radiation of ground and heat convection on envelope surface.Based on some proper assumptions,the mathematic model of heat-transmit was constructed,and the equations of heat current density on envelope surface were established.The effect of several kinds of factors on heat current was analysed.The result had some instructional meaning to the field storage of ammunition.


Extreme precipitation events are the major causes of severe floods in China. In this study, four time series of daily, 2-day, 5-day, and 10-day annual maximum precipitation from 1951 to 2000 at 651 weather stations in China were analyzed. The generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution was used, to model the annual extreme precipitation events at each station. The GEV distribution was also modified to explore the linear temporal trends in the extreme events. The results showed that more than 12% of the stations have significant ( p-value < 0:10) linear trends. Decreasing trends are mainly observed in northern China, and increasing trends are observed in the Yangtze River basin and northwestern China. The return periods of extreme precipitation have changed for stations with significant temporal trends. The 50-year event observed in parts of the Yangtze River basin, and northwestern China during 1951‐ 60, has become a more frequent 25-year event in the 1990s. The spatial distribution of the return levels of the 651 stations are closely related to the climatic mean precipitation, and are influenced by the East Asian summer monsoon system (return levels are measures of extremity—for example, a 10 year return level is the value that can be expected to be exceeded on average once in every 10 years). The return period of extreme precipitation, that caused the 1998 severe floods in the Yangtze River basin, was also evaluated from a probabilistic perspective.


An examination of the significant Iron Age amphora burials in north-west Europe in relation to the Mediterranean symposium and feasting ritual.


We provide outstanding numerical evidence that in large-N massless QCD the joint spectrum of the masses squared, for fixed integer spin s and unspecified parity and charge conjugation, obeys exactly the following laws: m_k^2 = (k+s/2) Lambda_QCD^2 for s even, m_k^2 = 2(k+s/2) Lambda_QCD^2 for s odd, k = 1,2,... for glueballs, and m_n^2 = 1/2 (n+s/2) Lambda_QCD^2, n = 0,1,... for mesons. One of the striking features of these laws is that they imply that the glueball and meson masses squared form exactly-linear Regge trajectories in the large-N limit of massless QCD, all the way down to the low-lying states: A fact unsuspected so far. The numerical evidence is based on lattice computations by Meyer-Teper in SU(8) YM for glueballs, and by Bali et al. in SU(17) quenched massless QCD for mesons, that we analyze systematically. The aforementioned spectrum for spin-0 glueballs is implied by a Topological Field Theory underlying the large-N limit of YM, whose glueball propagators satisfy as well fundamental universal constraints arising from the asymptotic freedom and the renormalization group. No other presently existing model meets both the infrared spectrum and the ultraviolet constraints. We argue that some features of the aforementioned spectrum of glueballs and mesons of any spin could be explained by the existence of a Topological String Theory dual to the Topological Field Theory.


The majority of pressurised water reactors (PWRs) use Ag-In-Cd rods clad in 304 stainless steel to control the neutron flux within the core. Extensive studies have been made at Winfrith to characterise the behavior of this alloy under severe accident conditions in terms of both the core degradation processes and properties of the vapor/aerosol emission. These studies are summarized, and recommendations made for treating the release rates and aerosol characteristics in severe accident analysis calculations