With the development of large-scale hydropower projects and the underground space constructions,the rock stress measurement and the influence of stress on engineering rock masses and constructions attract more and more attentions.Based on in-situ stress measurement of Huangdeng dam,the elastic moduli are obtained from the core confining pressure test,the interior compression modulus test and bearing plate test;and the elastic moduli are different.Therefore,the phenomena of difference are analyzed according to rock damage mechanics and rock mass properties under high confining pressures.Besides,stress relief process of measurement is analyzed based on unloading rock mass properties;and the effect of expansion on stress measurement is determined.The results show that with the increase in confining pressure,the elastic modulus of rock mass may grow positively mainly due to the compression of rock fractures;unloading rock mass may appear the phenomenon of serious expansion with the mechanical vibration.Considering the above analyses,a selecting principle of elastic modulus in aperture deformation method in in-situ stress measurement is proposed;and it would offer a reference to other similar projects.


This paper presents a detailed analysis to optimize natural ventilation performance in educational buildings to minimize the probability of viral infection (POI) and avoid draught discomfort. A whole building energy simulation tool has been coupled with the Wells–Riley equation to predict the probability of infection and Fanger's draught equation to estimate the draught risk for classroom environments. Several parameters have been investigated, including window opening fraction (WOF), volume-to-student ratio, number of source patients, and exposure time. The analysis confirmed a dual effect of space volume on the POI where the POI can be increased or decreased simultaneously when the space volume is increased. Therefore, the WOF/(Volume/Student) ratio is introduced, and an optimization analysis is performed to determine the optimum ratio that delivers the lowest POI. The results showed that a WOF/(Volume/Student) ratio between 0.1 and 0.17 is recommended to guarantee low values of POI for a standard Volume/Student ratio of 6 m3. Even though high ventilation rates are required to prevent viral infection, it will certainly increase the draught risk. Therefore, optimal ventilation rates are required to maintain low POI and minimum draught risk, which can be achieved by optimum design of windows and implementing control systems for window operations to minimize turbulence effects and reduce the possibility of draught discomfort.


tory. In patients J.B. and C.M., there was no significant antecedent medical history. All patients had normal serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus clearance, tubular reabsorption of phosphorus, peripheral hematologic examination, and bone marrow morphology. Urinary excretion of calcium was at high normal levels in patients H.S., P.F., and C.M., and below 100 mg per day in patients B.B. and J.B. Tests of intestinal absorption, including D-xylose excretion, triolein-I'3' absorption, and total fecal fat excretion, were normal in patients B.B. and J.B. Previously reported studies (2) of high calcium intake in patients B.B. and H.S. had shown sustained positive calcium balances during periods of observation as long as 3 months. Each of the five patients in the present series underwent a radiocalcium kinetic study during the control dietary periods and a repeat study at 4 to 7 weeks after the addition of approximately 4 g of calcium to the daily intake in the form of dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO4). After an initial 2-month interval of high calcium intake, patient B.B. was given normal calcium intake for approximately 4 months, and then was placed on prolonged


An interrogator circuit (2) for use with a semi-passive transponder (30) of a type which reflectively modulates an incoming signal (28) is described. The circuit (2) comprises an antenna (4), a transistor (8), a matching network (6) connecting to the antenna (4) to an input of the transistor and means (12, 14) for operating the transistor such that it self-oscillates and radiates power (28) from the antenna (4) and simultaneously acts as a self-oscillating mixer to produce an output (40) which is representative of the modulation of a signal 32 received at the antenna. For an efficient conversion gain the reflection coefficient of the antenna (4) is configured to be low when the circuit is in a stable self-oscillating condition.


In this paper, we discuss the composition of knots on the cubic lattice. One main theorem deals with finding a better upper bound for the stick number of a composed knot in relation to the stick number of the original two knots. Other theorems go into detail about the composition of two or more trefoil knots and two or more figure-eight knots, finding upper bounds for stick numbers.


For the determination of beer flavours well-established methods require sample preparation by distillation, liquid-liquid extraction or headspace methods. In the past years, microextraction methods became popular. The stir bar sorption extraction (SBSE) is one of them. This article presents utilization of SBSE followed by solvent re-extraction in the determination of some esters and β-diketones in beer. The parameters (linearity, accuracy and repeatability) and also the determination of compounds of interest by SBSE are compared with steam distillation followed by liquid-liquid extraction, usually used for beer ester analysis, and the headspace technique used for β-diketones.


Ayurveda the ancient Indian bioscience depicts all the aspects of healthy living. Kaumarabhrithya is a very important branch among the Ashtangas of Ayurveda. Balatantram is a valuable book in Balachikitsa written by Kalyana Vaidya in 16th Century. The work has 14 chapters, signified as Patala and has approximately 831 verses. Narration of Balatantram contains the principles and practices regarding the various aspects of diseases of children along with infertility related to males and females and Vajikarana upayas. This book is already published yet not very popular. This review would help the scientific community to understand this book in concise manner.


It discloses a packaging method for a package structure 800 and the interference modulator (830). It illustrates a transparent substrate 810 with the interference modulator 830 is formed on the surface. And the backplane 820 to the transparent substrate 810 bonded to sealing material 840, the interference modulator is exposed to the environment through an opening 850 in either the backplane and the sealing material. Opening, after the transparent substrate and backplane are bonded, and sealed after any drying agent introduced into the desired, release materials and / or self-aligned single-walled package structure 800. Display device, the interference modulator, a package structure, backplane, self-aligned monolayer, released state, an end chamber, a fluorinated xenon


Dendritic cells (DCs) are the powerful antigen-presenting cells (APCs) capable of inducing the primary T cell response. They have been identified to play a critical role in the inductrion of immune response. DC-based vaccination represents a potentially powerful strategy for tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on the biological characters of DCs, DC-based anti-tumor immunotherapy strategies and the advantages of DC vaccine.


The aim of this study is to know and test the effect of service quality, corporate image and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty at PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali, and to find out and test the effect of service quality, and corporate image on customer satisfaction at PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali. The study population was all customers at PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali, with 15,318 people. The number of samples was calculated using the Slovin method and obtained a total sample of 100 people, to determine the sample members used proportional random sampling technique that is the sample members taken proportionally in each part of the PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali. Data analysis techniques to answer the hypothesis of this study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that (1) service quality had a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, (2) corporate image had a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, (3) service quality had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, (4) corporate image had a positive effect and significantly to customer satisfaction (5) corporate image has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, (6) customer satisfaction positively significantly mediates the effect of service quality on customer loyalty and (7) customer satisfaction positively significantly mediates the effect of corporate image on customer loyalty.


We show that products and expanding relativized products of propositional modal logics where one component is the minimal monomodal logic K are polynomial-time reducible to their single-variable fragments. Therefore, the known lower-bound complexity and undecidability results for such logics are extended to their single-variable fragments. Similar results are obtained for products where one component is a polymodal logic with a K-style modality; these include products with propositional dynamic logics.


Objective: Seek the optimum technique to prepare amphotericin B vaginal effervescent tablets by orthogonal test. Methods: The influencing factors such as the moisture of dried garanules, the aperture of granulating sift, the consumption of binder were studied and each was arranged 3 levels according to L9(34)orthogonal table. The comprehesive score of the two indexes, appearence and stability, was used to assess the figuration character of a technique. The selected technique was validated by preparing 3 batchs of amphotericin B vaginal effervescent tablets, thus checking their quality and stability via accelerated experiments and comparing with the same product from the market treated at the same way. Results: The advisable technique is following: take NaHCO3 90 g ,starch 27 g, mix evenly with 10% starch paster, make granules by 40-meshed sift, then dry until the moisture reach 1% and sift again, standby; take tartaric acid 90 g, boric acid 78 g and starch 27 g, mix evenly with 10% starch paster, make granules by 40-meshed sift, then dry until the moisture reach 1%, and sift again; finally blend amphotericin B2.5 g and PEG6 000 6 g, then mix with the former granules and tablet. The producst with satisfactory appearances can meet the relevant norm. Their stability were also accepted through accelerated experiments after compared with the same marketed product. Conclusion: The selected technique is practicable to prepare amphotericin B vaginal effervescent tablets.


To build domain ontology is an important part of ontology research and application areas.This paper proposed the process and algorithm of automatic construction of ontologies with data mining and machine learning technologies for web information resources.During the procedure of ontology construction,this paper firstly presented the process and algorithm of concepts classification with muti-classifiers based on Bayes classification principle,then discussed the algorithms of concepts-associated analysis and concept self-learning to build the ontology prototype,whereafter presented ontology transforming mechanism from ontology prototype to OWL ontology.This paper also proposed a whole system solution from mining web pages,building domain ontology to the end of ontology application.


This article is a comment on the relationship between the larger agencies and those involved in small development projects, both project coordinators and project participants. Although this submission is based on a particular project, it is my experience that the issues involved are common to many such projects, and thus I have approached this appraisal by generalizing a number of points. The questions and issues involved are complex and legion, and there is no attempt in this to cover all, but to highlight a select few with emphasis on those issues which are common to numerous small development projects.


In terms of the non - tariff obstacles of European Community and all the countries in the world, if progress wants to be made, Competition must be strengthened. This Competition is the basic approach for the enterprise and government of Chian.


Pulsed laser ablation (PLA) has been used to grow barium ferrite films on AlzQ3 single crystal substrates. When deposition occurs in an oxidising atmosphere at high temperatures, the films are single BaFelz019 phase with very well orientation following the (001) texture, and exhibit a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. In this case, the microstructure and the anisotropy orientation are not influenced by variation of the oxygen pressure in the range 20-530 mtorr, but the coercivity and the remanence are affected. Films prepared without oxygen, are isotropic. XRD measurements reveal the absence of the BaFelzQp~ which becomes unstable. On the other hand, the presence of other phases as Ba2FehO1l and Fez03 is detected. The annealing study reveals the presence of the threshold temperature (620°C) for the appearance of the magnetisation and the anisotropy orientation. This temperature also corresponds to the onset in growth of the crystalline structure of barium ferrite. In the latter case, the coercivity was found to be greatly reduced by the increase in grain size at higher annealing tempera tures


To clone the serine protease gene from Anopheles stephensi and to analyze its relationship with melanization of Plasmodium yoelii oocysts,this gene was amplified by RT-PCR with degenerated primers designated based on the conserved amino acid sequences of serine protease.The target PCR product was purified and then was cloned into T vector pUCm.Meanwhile,the inserted fragments contained in the positive recombinant plasmids were verified by PCR and digested with restriction enzymes and then sequenced.Afterward,the obtained sequences were blasted with GenBank sequence database,and the special serine protease gene was amplified with specific primers from hematocytes or midgut.Semi-quantitative analysis was undertaken to compare the differential expression of serine protease under different feeding conditions.The messenger ribonucleic acid of serine protease was identified with hybridization technique in situ.Two cDNA fragments of serine protease genes,SP1(448 bp) and SP2(472 bp),that were similar to the SP2A of An.gamgiae and SP2 of An.dirus were obtained from An.stephensi,and two kinds of serine proteases(AsSP1 and AsSP2) were obtained with their amino acid sequences contained in the catalytic domain for serine protease.Also,both SP1 and SP2 gene fragments were amplified from hematocytes and midgut.Marked up-regulation of expressions of SP1 and SP2 in An stephensi was found during An.yoelii infection or before the induction of oocyst malanization.The expressions of AsSP1 and AsSP2 mRNA were further demonstrated by means of hybridization technique in situ.It is possible from the above investigations,AsSP1 and AsSP2 might be correlated with the plasmodial infection or the melanotic encapsulation of P.yoelii oocysts.


Self-consistent periodic slab calculations based on gradient-corrected density-functional theory (DFT-GGA) were conducted to probe the potential-energy diagram for the hydrogenation of propanal and acetone on Pt(111). Calculations for molecularly adsorbed species indicate that acetone and propanal are both weakly bound to the surface through oxygen (i.e., energy changes of adsorption near −20 kJ/mol). The activation energy barriers are calculated to be ∼60 and 40 kJ/mol for the addition of an adsorbed hydrogen atom to adsorbed acetone and propanal, leading to adsorbed isopropoxy and n-propoxy species, respectively. The subsequent hydrogenation steps to form adsorbed alcohol species have activation barriers near 15 kJ/mol. These results would suggest that the rate of propanal hydrogenation over Pt should be faster compared to acetone hydrogenation, in contrast to the behavior observed experimentally [G.M.R. van Druten and V. Ponec, Applied Catalysis A: General 191, 153 (2000)]. The origin for the experimen...


Occurrence of gas hydrates on the North Slope of Alaska has been recognized for over three decades. Large-scale well-log studies over the entire North Slope, including detailed temperature profiling in the shallow subsurface, suggest widespread gas-hydrate occurrence, which is facilitated by the depressed geothermal gradient and thick permafrost (Collett et al., 1988). The Milne Point Unit (MPU) is one of several large, active oil fields on the North Slope of Alaska (Figure 1) characterized by a thick, near-surface gas-hydrate-stability zone (HSZ) as documented by many well-log-inferred gas-hydrate occurrences. These factors, along with moderate well coverage, a modern 3-D seismic survey and complex structure make MPU an ideal location for characterizing shallow, onshore gas-hydrate occurrence and distribution.


The present article presents how the bio-ecological assessment system is applied in assessing a child's cognitive intelligence beyond a psychometric intelligence test. The recognition that there are many types of intelligence, such as musical and bodily kinesthetic, is exemplified. The case presented is that of a child with deficient cognitive functioning on the psychometric tests, but advanced functioning on the "Other Intelligence Assessment Measure." Diagnostic impressions are given and implications for report writing and interventions are suggested.


Using behavioral models to perform fast simulation is currently a popular solution to verify SOC designs. Previous analog behavior modeling approaches often treat the noisy VDD waveform as a given input and focus on reflecting such stimuli on circuit performance. However, because the interaction of noise aggressors and victims is not considered, some errors may exist in the simulation. In this paper, a simple SCORE macromodel is proposed for PLL designs. It can be integrated with a supply-noise-aware PLL behavioral model to analyze supply noise effects at high level. In addition to numerical results, the time-varying supply noise waveform and real-time PLL responses can be obtained simultaneously. As demonstrated in the experimental results, the proposed approach can provide more realistic simulation results with noise interaction effects but still keep fast simulation time.


This paper addresses two closely related topics for understanding the highly fungible nature of written Japanese.
 The first is to consider the relative merits of the notions of graphematic representation and orthography with respect to the
 Japanese writing system (JWS). The second issue is to advocate an inclusive notion of intentionality, which together with the
 notion of conventionality, provides an approach to thinking about the pervasive nature of graphematic variation within the JWS.
 Accordingly, the principle Japanese orthographic conventions are outlined in Part 3, while the more substantive Part 4 presents a
 tentative classification of the various factors of intentionality that also exert considerable influence over contemporary written
 Japanese.


Spacecraft trajectories for providing adequate image plane (u-v)coverage for NASA's Deep Space 3 (DS3) mission have been proposed. Due to the high cost of time and fuel in synthesizing images using DS3, this paper addresses time and fuel optimal trajectories. Using the Point Spread Function (PSF) of a densely-filled coverage as the basis for comparison, the locations of a given number of u-v points are selected to best replicate this reference PSF. Subsequently, the minimum time and fuel in a 'Stop and Stare' mode are determined. Finally, these result are compared to several other trajectory options.


The paper estimates the elasticity of Imports with respect to relative prices and income for Pakistan from 1971 to 2009. What distinguishes this paper from the earlier studies is the use of robust estimation technique of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model utilizing the bounds test procedure. The results point to cointegration among the variables. The estimated long run elasticity of Imports with respect to relative prices and income are -0.53 and 1.22 respectively. [SBP WP No. 48]. URL:[http://www.sbp.org.pk/publications/wpapers/2012/wp48.pdf].


The total petrochemical industry is based mostly on light olefins and on monoaromatic compounds. Monoaromatic compounds are mostly found in products of pyrolysis and catalytic cracking. There are more sources for obtaining olefins, the most represented among them being the pyrolysis, catalytic cracking and the dehydration of light paraffins


The use of postmodern discourses of movement to analyze literary works involving migration has contributed to a valorization of displacement, which tends to be seen as both inherently resistant and creatively productive. While such approaches have been important for problematizing hegemonic mobilizations of "home", there is also a danger in reading movement as constitutive of the (post)modern world. In particular, such frameworks often overlook the experiences of those who are forcibly displaced. Critical investment in tropes of migrancy may unwittingly recycle imperialist assumptions by producing imagined spaces of alterity that serve to liberate the centred, "at home" subject at the expense of historicized experiences of homelessness. Abdulrazak Gurnah's 2001 novel By the Sea represents one such historicized experience, that of its protagonist, asylum seeker Saleh Omar. This article argues that, through its narrative investment in houses and household objects and in the importance of narrative for creating a sense of home for its migrant protagonist, Gurnah's novel poses a challenge to an aesthetic valorization of displacement. Furthermore, rather than identifying an individualist investment in homelessness as a route to authorship, By the Sea posits storytelling rooted in the domestic sphere as an alternative, restorative migrant aesthetic practice.


A continuously tunable TE CO2 laser is described, whose frequency tunable ranges of 16 cm−1 in the P‐branch and 14 cm−1 in the R‐branch of 9.6 μm band were obtained with a single line energy of about 400 mJ/pulse. This large output was realized by decreasing the intracavity laser power illuminating the optical components used due to the increase in discharge width. A grid‐type, UV‐preionized TE CO2 laser using a cable PFN was scalable and able to decrease optical damage of components.


INTRODUCTION: Hirsutism is a disorder which affects about 10 to 15 percent of women. Hirsutism is the most frequent androgen excess disorder in women1. Hirsutism is defined as the excessive growth of terminal hair in androgen dependent areas of a woman's body. The sites affected include; The upper lip, Chin, Chest, Upper abdomen, Lower abdomen, Upper back, Lower back, Upper Arm, Thighs. Each of the nine areas is given a score of 0 to 4 depending upon the grade 1 –mild, 2-moderate, 3-complete light coverage and 4 for complete heavy coverage. A score of more than 15 is considered as severe hirsutism2. Occasionally, hirsutism may signal more serious pathology. Therefore, clinical evaluation should differentiate benign causes from tumours and other conditions that require specific treatment. Hirsutism should be differentiated from hypertrichosis. Hypertrichosis is defined as a diffuse increase in vellus hair growth and is not androgen dependent. The congenital causes of hypertrichosis include Hurlers syndrome, trisomy 18, fetal alcohol syndrome etc. The other causes include hypothyroidism, porphyrias, epidermolysis bullosa, anorexia nervosa, malnutrition, dermatomyositis, severe head injury and trauma. AIM OF THE STUDY: There are not many studies that look at the causes of hirsutism, their clinical profile and hormonal changes .Therefore, this study was undertaken to analyse the clinical profile, biochemical profile, various causes of hirsutism and the response to treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study Design: This is a prospective study. Period of Study: The period of study was from August 2010 to September 2011. Place of Study: Subjects were taken from Endocrinology clinic and Fertility Research centre, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Govt Hospital for Women and Children, Egmore. Inclusion Criteria: Females with modified Ferriman-Gallwey scoring >8 were included in the study. After getting an informed consent from the subjects, they were subjected to clinical and biochemical evaluation after history taking. Exclusion Criteria: Women who were 60 years and above and pregnant women were excluded from the study. SUMMARY: In this study, 52 had ovarian causes, (46 – PCOS, 4- ovarian tumour, 2- premature ovarian failure), one had adrenal cause (late onset CAH), systemic cause (hypothyroid -6) for hirsutism.• Majority of cases of hirsutism in this study fall in the 21 – 30 years age group. • In addition to hirsutism, menstrual irregularity is the chief complaint. • Majority had hirsutism scoring of 9 to 11. Severe hirsutism (Scoring more than > 15) was seen in androgen secreting ovarian tumour and PCOS (4 cases). • Virilization features commonly were seen in all the 4 ovarian tumors and late onset CAH . Highly elevated free testosterone levels were seen in androgen secreting ovarian tumours and late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia. • Subjects with hirsutism were either overweight or obese except ovarian tumours and CAH. • Co morbid conditions like hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension were seen in few PCOS and few non PCOS subjects. • Level of the testosterone did not correlate with the severity of hirsutism in the PCOS group. CONCLUSION: This study evaluates the various causes of hirsutism, their clinical and biochemical profile and their outcome after treatment. Although PCOS is the most common cause for hirsutism, other causes should also be thought of. The treatment should be individualised depending upon the cause of hirsutism. We should have a high suspicion of virilizing tumours if features of virilization are present. Hirsutism has a response to OCP containing cyproterone acetate but the reduction in severity of hirsutism is mild. They might need increase in the duration of treatment and dosage of cyproterone acetate. Free testosterone and DHEAS may or may not be elevated in PCOS. Majority have normal levels. Free testosterone is highly elevated in androgen secreting ovarian tumours. This study has highlighted the importance of evaluating the other causes of hirsutism such as androgen secreting ovarian tumours and adrenal hyperplasia. Hirsutism causes cosmetic problem and psychological upset on a woman. It can also be a manifestation of an underlying health problem. Hence it should be properly treated so that a favourable outcome can be obtained.


According to the experimental results of new type silicon magnetic sensitivity transistor (SMST), the simulation models of new type SMSTs with different base region lengths and widths were established by ATLAS software. The simulation results of optimizing the geometric parameters demonstrate that the max collector current relative magnetic sensitivity can be achieved when the base region length and width are 170 μm and 30 μm, and the simulation model of the differential structure of new type SMST was established based on it. The simulation results indicate that the max collector current relative magnetic sensitivity is 322%/T for new type SMST differential structure when the base currents are 5.0 mA and the collector voltages are 5.0 V, and it can improve the magnetic sensitivity and ameliorate temperature characteristics.


ABSTRACT The U.S. energy sector has undergone significant changes in the last few decades with three converging trends – the implosion of the coal industry, the marked increase in domestically produced oil and gas, and the increasing viability of renewables. The implosion of coal has proven to be a contentious political issue, with conservative discourse placing the blame for the industry's poor fortunes on the administration of former President Obama and federal environmental regulations. Coal occupies a unique space in the cultural imaginaries of the Rural U.S., with significant nostalgia for the industry despite its deleterious legacy. Our study is informed by the concept of community economic identity and recent research on right-wing populism. Using survey data from western Colorado collected in 2019, we evaluate how partisanship and nostalgia are associated with mischaracterizations of the causes of the coal industry's decline. Republicans are more likely to state that former President Obama and federal environmental regulations are the primary cause of coal's decline and less likely to state that alternative fuels are the cause. Nostalgia is also associated with naming President Obama and federal environmental regulations. Our results imply that the causes of coal's collapse may not be well understood.


Scene projection for HITL testing of LADAR seekers is unique because the 3rd dimension is time delay. Advancement in AFRL for electronic delay and pulse shaping circuits, VCSEL emitters, fiber optic and associated scene generation is underway, and technology hand-off to test facilities is expected eventually. However, size and cost currently projected behooves cost mitigation through further innovation in system design, incorporating new developments, cooperation, and leveraging of dual-purpose technology. Therefore a concept is offered which greatly reduces the number (thus cost) of pulse shaping circuits and enables the projector to be installed on the mobile arm of a flight motion simulator table without fiber optic cables. The concept calls for an optical MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) steerable micro-mirror array. IFOV's are a cluster of four micro-mirrors, each of which steers through a unique angle to a selected light source with the appropriate delay and waveform basis. An array of such sources promotes angle-to-delay mapping. Separate pulse waveform basis circuits for each scene IFOV are not required because a single set of basis functions is broadcast to all MEMS elements simultaneously. Waveform delivery to spatial filtering and collimation optics is addressed by angular selection at the MEMS array. Emphasis is on technology in existence or under development by the government, its contractors and the telecommunications industry. Values for components are first assumed as those that are easily available. Concept adequacy and upgrades are then discussed. In conclusion an opto-mechanical scan option ranks as the best light source for near-term MEMS-based projector testing of both flash and scan LADAR seekers.


The early steps of differentiation of human B cells into plasma cells are poorly known. We report a transitional population of CD20 low/ 2 CD38 2 preplasmablasts along differentiation of human memory B cells into plasma cells in vitro. Preplasmablasts lack documented B cell or plasma cell (CD20, CD38, and CD138) markers, express CD30 and IL-6R, and secrete Igs at a weaker level than do plasmablasts or plasma cells. These preplasmablasts further differentiate into CD20 2 CD38 high CD138 2 plasmablasts and then CD20 2 CD38 high CD138 + plasma cells. Preplasmablasts were fully characterized in terms of whole genome transcriptome profiling and phenotype. Preplasmablasts coexpress B and plasma cell transcription factors, but at a reduced level compared with B cells, plasmablasts, or plasma cells. They express the unspliced form of XBP1 mRNA mainly, whereas plasmablasts and plasma cells express essentially the spliced form. An in vivo counterpart (CD19 + CD20 low/ 2 CD38 2 IL-6R + cells) of in vitro-generated preplasmablasts could be detected in human lymph nodes (0.06% of CD19 + cells) and tonsils (0.05% of CD19 + cells). An open access "B to Plasma Cell Atlas," which makes it possible to interrogate gene expression in the process of B cell to plasma cell differentiation, is provided. Taken together, our findings show


Barandiarán, Javiera. 2018. Science and Environment in Chile: The Politics of Expert Advice in a Neoliberal Democracy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 284 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-53563-2.Hoover, Elizabeth. 2017. The River Is in Us: Fighting Toxics in a Mohawk Community. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-1-51790-303-9.McKenzie, Matthew. 2018. Breaking the Banks: Representations and Realities in New England Fisheries, 1866–1966. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. 224 pp. ISBN: 978-1-625-34391-8.Sarathy, Brinda, Vivien Hamilton, and Janet Farrell, eds. 2018. Inevitably Toxic: Historical Perspectives on Contamination, Exposure, and Expertise. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press. 317 pp. ISBN: 978-0-822-94531-4.Scott, James C. 2018. Against the Grain: A Deep History of the Earliest States. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-0-300-24021-4.Westbrook, Vivienne, Shaun Collin, Dean Crawford and Mark Nicholls. 2018. Sharks in the Arts: From Feared to Revered. London: Routledge. 188 pp. ISBN: 978-1-138-92966-1.


Historically,sea salt's production of Lianghuai area was of large-scale and well managed to become one of important financial sources for the past feudal dynasties.Traditional huge-profit salt industry should play a leading role in the local economic and social development.Nevertheless,salt industry's production turned out to be the root cause of long-term poverty and backwardness in Lianghuai area because of the concentration and outflow of wealth brought by monopoly sales system.


Zhang Lan is famous as a great patriot,a well-known democratic revolutionist,an outstanding founder and leader of China Democratic League,and one of venerable state leaders. He accumulated rich experience during his long period of educational practice. Once he originated primary schools,middle schools,even universities. His points of view on education,such as running a school democratically,attaching importance to academic research, developing liberal education and vocational education simultaneously,administrating teaching strictly,putting things into practice and innovation boldly,respecting the talents and using the wise and employ the capable,had exerted an extensive influence on educational field and academic circle of Sichuan at that time. Nowadays,having an intensive research on his educational thought is valuable for strengthening school management and propelling the reform of education and teaching.


The possibilities of designing complex geoinformation model of land use that can provide systematization and accumulation of spatial and attributive data have been shown in the research. As a result of the research, models were developed, which allow make spatial and temporal analysis for solve the problem of optimizing the rational use and protection of land.


The paper explains the grave influence of serious drought disaster in the history of Jilin province, puts forward the study and the countermeasure of serious drought disaster in 21 the century.


A single verse near the conclusion of 1 Samuel 17 mentions that after defeating Goliath, David took the giant's severed head to Jerusalem (1 Sam. 17.54). The present paper argues that this text's communicating of David's preeminence through his act of decapitation draws on the widespread understanding of heads as uniquely powerful and vulnerable, while triumph over a giant or monstrous body casts the future Israelite king as uniquely dominant over monstrous enemies at the physical extreme. Narratives of monster-combat that center an adversary's head and its subsequent display are widespread; the present paper discusses the Gilgamesh/Ḫumbaba and Perseus/Medusa narratives, with their corresponding visual art manifestations, to show how the biblical allusion to monstrous capital display functions socially and literarily to constitute David's power.


The usage of feature detectors for image stitching has become a popular research area in computer vision. Various feature extraction algorithms can be used in the process of image stitching process, but they perform varyingly when handling different images and no single algorithm could outperform all others. This paper focuses on the comparison of feature extraction algorithms used for panoramic image stitching. The research utilizes the SIFT, ORB, AKAZE, and BRISK to conduct feature points and match feature points on a group of image sets. The RANSAC algorithm is then used to filter out the outliers and calculate the homograph matrix. Completes the panoramic with image splicing and smoothing through the matrix transformation. Derived from the comparison of the matching and stitching results, the AKAZE detector is found to be the fastest feature point detection and extraction algorithm, while the SIFT detector will provide more feature points to make more accurate matches possible. These findings have implications for the development of efficient and effective computer vision technologies for various applications.


Alan Ruiz is an artist living and working in New York City. His work addresses the intersection of institutional critique, architectural discourse, and urban policy. He received an MFA from Yale University, a BFA from Pratt Institute, and is a 2015–2016 participant in the Whitney Museum Independent Study Program. He is currently a Visiting Assistant Professor at Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, NY, as well as a Visiting Lecturer in the Visual Studies Department of Eugene Lang College at The New School. Ruiz will be this semester's Artist in Residence with the Youth Insights Program at the Whitney Museum of American Art.


Objective To explore the core needle biopsy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer ER/PR/PS2/HER-2 immunohistochemical outcomes.Methods Breast core needle biopsy and pathological diagnosis of breast cancer and the UICC stage,all patients received chemotherapy with CEF or TE,respectively,received 2 cycles and 3 to 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Puncture while the tissues were ER,PR,PS2,and HER-2 immunohistochemical determination of comparative analysis.Results Neoadjuvant chemotherapy FAC or TE in two different chemotherapy treatment of 48 cases of breast cancer,FAC chemotherapy in 26 cases accounted for 54.2%,TE accounted for 45.8% of chemotherapy in 22 cases.Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer before and after breast core needle biopsy and immunohistochemistry test results ER/PR/ PS2/HER-2 positive rate was not significantly increased.Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer before and after core needle biopsy immunohistochemical ER/PR/PS2/HER-2 expression had no significant effect.


The Australian banking sector is characterised by intense rivalry between competitors, lowered barriers to entry, a high threat of substitute products and powerful consumers. Despite increased competition and an . influx of foreign-owned banks, four major domestic banks have continued to dominate retail banking. ING Direct, a recent entry into the market, is an exception to a pattern of poor performance amongst the foreignowned banks, having emerged as a high-performing firm, achieving significant profitability and market share. In this paper, we identify the "activity system" (Porter, 1996) that underlies this performance. We suggest that the success of ING Direct is in significant part attributable to the coherence of its strategy, marketing, operations, structure and human resource practices.


The Monte Carlo method is applied to reactor calculations which use sampling techniques to approximate the solution of functional equations or physical models. The outline of Monte Carlo and sampling techniques are described. Reviews about core and shielding calculation are given.


The difficulties faced by those trying to balance a career with starting a family pose problems for the medical workforce and employers. Bryony Alderman and colleagues consider the issues


Protecting personal privacy on the Internet S.E. Kruck Danny Gottovi Farideh Moghadami Ralph Broom Karen A. Forcht Article information: To cite this document: S.E. Kruck Danny Gottovi Farideh Moghadami Ralph Broom Karen A. Forcht, (2002),"Protecting personal privacy on the Internet", Information Management & Computer Security, Vol. 10 Iss 2 pp. 77 84 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09685220210424140


Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze cardiovascular risk factors, medication and cardiovascular prevention goals achieved in an octo/nonagenarian population. Methods: This was a descriptive, multicenter study of consecutive samples including subjects aged ≥80 years. LDL-C (<130 and <100 mg/dL in primary and secondary prevention), blood pressure (<150/90 mmHg) and HbA1c (<7%) goals were evaluated. Results: A total of 265 patients were included in the study (women 54.0%, age 85.0±4 years). History of hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking or diabetes was present in 74.3%, 47.5%, 4.5% and 16.2% of patients, respectively. In 26.2% of cases, patients received ≥3 antihypertensive drugs, 18.5% (primary prevention) and 58.3% (secondary prevention) received aspirin, and 50.6% received statins. The blood pressure goal was fulfilled in 80.8% of cases. The LDL-C goals were attained in 67.4% (primary prevention) and 63.9% (secondary prevention) of patients, and 76.9% showed glycemic control. Conclusion: The prevalence of risk factors was significant, with a high proportion of patients achieving the recommended goals.


Objective To improve our understanding of the clinical characteristic of central serous choriodoretinopathy (CSE) and explore the usage of new spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT)Methods The patients diagnosed as CSC at our hospital from October 2008 to April 2009 were included in this study and their clinical data and OCT results were reviewed.Including criteria were typical fundus changes of CSC involving the central fovea and confirmed by OCT, without other ocular history like high myopia, intraocular surgical history.Their best correct visual acuity, OCT results were analyzed, and the fovea volume (V) was collected from the OCT readings, and the fovea thickness (FT), fovea detachment height (DH) and fovea height (FH) were measured manually from the scanning.The best correct visual acuity was also checked and changed to logma chart.SPSS 16.0 was used to further analyze all these results.Results During this period, 45 eyes from 44 patients diagnosed as CSC and with all the data available met the including criteria.Among them, 10 female (10 eyes), 34 male (35 eyes); average aged 53.4, visual acuity at 0.73 (logmar).By analyzing the high resolution images from the FD-OCT, the reflex from the IS/OS segment of the detached retina was diminished, and this reduction was also found in some patients at retinal surrounding the detachment but still attaching.Also granules were found at the outside of the detached retina.Further statistic study found that the visual acuity was closely related to the height of the fovea detachment, but not other readings including V, FH, FT and the presence of granule.Conclusions At present, the age of CSC is older than expected, the outer layer of the detached retina is damaged in most patients, and in some eyes this damaged can involve the retina around.In all the OCT readings, DH is closely related to the VA.Our understanding the CSC still need to be improved and FD-OCT is an important tool in the further studying.

Key words:
Central serous choroidoretinopathy;  Visual acuity;  IS/OS segmen;  Retinal detachment


A one-arm stacking machine comprises a stand column, guide rails, a sliding mounting plate, a lifting mechanism, an arm component and a gripper component. The guide rails are vertically arranged on the stand column, the sliding mounting plate is matched with the guide rails, the lifting mechanism drives the sliding mounting plate to move on the guide rails up and down, the arm component is mounted on the sliding mounting plate, and the gripper component is connected with the arm component. The arm component comprises an arm and a rotating servo motor driving the arm to rotate, and the other end of the arm is connected with the gripper component. The lifting mechanism drives the gripper component to move up and down, and the arm component drives a gripper to move within a certain radius range, so that operation range of a half cylinder is formed. Besides, the one-arm stacking machine is large in operation range, applicable to more places, smaller in size and simpler in structure.


In view of the results obtained by Darwin, Hildebrand and others, it seemed likely that the characters long-style and short-style, well known in Primulaceae and other orders, might have a Mendelian inheritance. Our experiments have shown that this is the case in P. sinensis , the short style being dominant, the long recessive. The inheritance is usually of the simplest type. In one case (p. 584) there was considerable divergence from the expected proportions, and it is no doubt possible that this case was one of real abnormality; but we incline to think that the irregularity was due to accident or error. But besides the cases which can be regarded as normal one individual short-styled plant gave an entirely aberrant result (p. 584); and as the offspring of this plant gave results similarly aberrant, there can be little question that we are here concerned with an inheritance of a special type. Further experiments with this family are in progress.


The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study new viscosity iteration processes for asymptotically pseudocontractive mappings in Banach spaces.Some convergence theorems of viscosity iteration sequence for approximation the fixed points of asymptotically pseudocontractive mappings are obtained.These results improve and extend some recent results in this field.


The managerial system is essential as an organization in an university is to manage learning proces and students' guidance. In respect to the thesis' instructor required to concure between leadership style and student's external-internal variables. Very endeavors to meet students' satisfaction (called as an indicator of effective organization) in the scope of Medan State University (UNIMED), its necessary to recognize instructor's leadership style and students' characteristics amid guiding students. Self-evaluation data in 2011 inferred 40% students were dissatisfied with.  This research is to unveil about whether instructor's leadership style and/or locus of control contributed to students' job satisfaction in manner of completing thesis. This research took samples from 200 students who were completing thesis and technical analysis used variance analysis (ANOVA) two factors.  Calculative figure of examined behavioral style impact was F count =7.14>F table . Locus of control impact was F count =7.46>F table and interaction was F count =9.21>F table .  This figure inferred an immediate impact betwwen leadership style and locus of control partially or completely imposed significant influence toward students' job satisfaction in completing thesis. The students with internal locus of control type are relevant guided by supportive, participative prestigious oriented instructor but not cooperative guided by directive style. Students with external locus of control are tolerantly guided by participative, supportive instructor but contradictory with directive and prestigious oriented instructor.  Moderate leadership style is compatible to participative instructor.


We force a property of cardinals first proved relatively consistent by Sargsyan, that of being supercompact but not \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathrm{HOD}$\end{document}‐supercompact, starting from a model of set theory which does not satisfy \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}${GCH}$\end{document} and that contains supercompact cardinals.


It is well known that, for static fields, the local microscopic electric field EL, that couples to the atomic dipole moment p, is related to the macroscopic field E and volume polarization P, in a dense dielectric medium, by the Lorentz-Lorenz (LL) relation.1 For dense media, this relation implies a nonlinear relationship between the microscopic molecular polarizability α and the macroscopic susceptibility χ, for a material volume density N. The LL relation also holds for arbitrary time-dependent fields in a nonlinear medium.2 What this implies is that all of quantum optics that uses an external electric field rather than the local field is internally inconsistent and will yield only approximate results for an optically dense medium. We consider the effect of the local field interaction on a simple three-level A system predicted to exhibit lasing without inversion and a high index of refraction at zero absorption.3 A threshold transition allows us to choose a value of this parameter that enhances inversionless gain and absorptionless dispersion by at least two orders of magnitude over that foundin usual lasing without inversion.4


If a historian is regarded as an observer, the history observed tends to appear different due to the various positions the historian stands. By observing the history closely, a historian is able to distinguish fine changes in the history, whilst observing the history from afar, a more global view or part of the global view can be obtained. As a result, the well-known historian, Fernand Braudel defines the history into three different aspects: long duration, medium duration and short duration. However, Fernand Braudel's definition can not be applied to the study of diplomatic history because the changes in the history merely occurred within the medium duration at an extremely rapid pace. Therefore this article does not strictly follow Fernand Braudel's definition, but only adopts his concept as a guide. Quite easily people tend to apply the common diplomatic principles to observe the Sino-Vatican diplomatic relationship. However the key factor that determines the Sino-Vatican diplomatic relationship is not the common benefit, but the religious connection. Due to the demand for such religious development, the principles which do not totally comply to the logic are formed. These principles become the key factors that determine the Sino-Vatican diplomatic relationship. By following these principles, pops of different time-period manage to come up with distinct policies in a world that is filled with constant changes. Thus each individual incident can be examined according to these principles however, among these incidents there also exists occasional cases that do not follow these principles and policies. By following these principles, policies and incidents, we may be able to observe the Sino-Vatican diplomatic relationship in a clearer context, so that not only can we detect the fine changes in the history, but at the same time we can also perceive the long-term potential in the Sino-Vatican diplomatic relationship.


Various methods for the solution of a shape optimization problem via pursuing diffeomorphism are discussed. As a model problem, an instance of a Bernoulli exterior free boundary problem is considered. The solvers described belong to the category of Descent methods. These methods propose different ways of evaluating both descent directions and step sizes, with various degrees of numerical accuracy. The properties of these methods are analysed and compared, paying specific attention to their computational costs and convergence rates.


With incidents of domestic abuse increasing and funding to battle the problem dwindling, peer-education projects like kNOw More (Know Your Limits – No Abuse) have become increasingly important. The kNOw More program trains high school students to deliver emotional presentations about teen relationship abuse to their classmates. This study evaluates how effectively this program educates teenagers about relationship abuse and how to get help. Pre- and post-presentation data were collected from 301 teenagers who received the kNOw More presentation at schools. It was hypothesized that the kNOw More program would (a) increase understanding of relationship abuse and (b) increase understanding of how to seek help for relationship abuse. A series of dependentsamples t-tests indicated that the kNOw More presentation did indeed increase teenagers' understanding of relationship abuse and understanding of how to seek help, although effect sizes were small. Open-ended questions also indicated that participants absorbed the information presented by the kNOw More peer


Disposable trigger sprayers are commonly used to dispense ready-to-use pesticides formulated for consumer and
homeowner application. Generation of aerosol-sized, mobile droplets from the sprayers can result in potential inhalation
exposure for the user and movement of spray to non-target areas. This study measured the droplet size spectra produced by
conventional and foamer-type trigger sprayers during 75 to 200 ms bursts of 0.9 mL spray volume. Water was used as the
carrier, and test formulations were prepared by adding combinations of a surfactant (Silwet L-77) and a long-chain polymer
(polyethylene oxide). The Dv0.1, Dv0.5, and Dv0.9 statistics of the droplet size spectra were found to vary over the duration of
spray emission; significantly larger droplet size spectra were produced during 15 to 50 ms initiation and conclusion periods
of the pulse. Typical Dv0.5 values of the spray varied from 100 to 600 .m for spray pulses from a conventional trigger sprayer
dispensing a water + surfactant solution and a foamer-type trigger sprayer dispensing a water + polymer solution,
respectively. Addition of the polymer significantly increased the droplet size spectra, particularly with the conventional
nozzle. A second-order model was found to describe the temporal relationship between the droplet size spectral statistics and
the time since initiation of the spray pulse.


Due to constant expansion of the European Community, the harmonization in the fields of European company law and development of internal European market have emerged into considerably bigger and mo ...


In the most recent issue of The Library, Nancy Peters Maude has suggested that four of the thirteen 'Ajax' pamphlets of 1596 extend the duration of the 'known collaboration' of 1597 between the printers John Danter and Edward Allde. Unfortunately, she seems unaware that 'her' identification of Allde as the printer of STC 12783 was anticipated in 1991 by the STC Addenda and Corrigenda. From there she goes on to credit Allde with Robert Robinson's share of STC 12782, and wrongly 'identifies' Danter as the printer of not only Allde's real share of that book (and, for good measure, the unnoticed contribution by Valentine Simmes) but also the whole of STC 12780–1 (both actually shared by Allde and John Windet).To resolve this confusion, this paper first explains and corrects Maude's misattributions, and then more carefully identifies the printer or printers of each of the nine remaining pamphlets, concluding with a list that presents the essential facts about all thirteen.


Thank you very much for reading protecting your web site with firewalls. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this protecting your web site with firewalls, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful virus inside their laptop. protecting your web site with firewalls is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the protecting your web site with firewalls is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The assembly and the orientation of functionalized pentacene at the interface with inorganics strongly influence both the electric contact and the charge transport in organic electronic devices. In this study electronic spectroscopies and theoretical modeling are combined to investigate the properties of the bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-Pc)/Au(111) interface as a function of the molecular coverage to compare the molecular state in the gas phase and in the adsorbed phase and to determine the thermal stability of TIPS-Pc in contact with gold. Our results show that in the free molecule only the acene atoms directly bonded to the ligands are affected by the functionalization. Adsorption on Au(111) leads to a weak coupling which causes only modest binding energy shifts in the TIPS-Pc and substrate core level spectra. In the first monolayer the acene plane form an angle of 33 ± 2° with the Au(111) surface at variance with the vertical geometry reported for thicker solution-processed or evaporate...


Since the critical size of defects in ceramics is normally very small, the conventional method of fracture mechanics often becomes inappropriate. In the present paper, the fracture strength of silicon nitride with small defects is evaluated based on the R-curve method. Parameters of the R-curve of silicon nitride are determined from the experimental relationship between the fracture strength and the defect size. For penny-shaped cracks, the fracture strength is constant for small defects and the critical stress intensity factor is constant for large defects. The equivalent defect size is an excellent parameter for correlating the fracture strength with the size of elliptical cracks with an aspect ratio between 0.3 and 1. For small voids, the fracture strength is nearly the same as that for a penny-shaped crack. On the other hand, for large voids, it approaches a constant value which is equal to the strength of materials without voids divided by the elastic stress concentration factor. When the tip radius of long deep notches is small, the critical stress intensity factor for the fracture is independent of the tip radius. A Monte-Carlo simulation of bending fracture of silicon nitride was performed by random distribution of penny-shaped cracks with random sizes in a specimen by a computer. On the basis of twenty five runs of fracture simulation, the relationship between the bending strength and the defect size, and the cumulative distribution function of the fracture strength were successfully derived.


Exponential time integrators are well‐established discretization methods for time semilinear systems of ordinary differential equations. These methods use φ− functions, which are matrix functions related to the exponential. This work introduces an algorithm to speed up the computation of the φ− function action over vectors for two‐dimensional (2D) matrices expressed as a Kronecker sum. For that, we present an auxiliary exponential‐related matrix function that we express using Kronecker products of one‐dimensional matrices. We exploit state‐of‐the‐art implementations of φ− functions to compute this auxiliary function's action and then recover the original φ− action by solving a Sylvester equation system. Our approach allows us to save memory and solve exponential integrators of 2D+time problems in a fraction of the time traditional methods need. We analyze the method's performance considering different linear operators and with the nonlinear 2D+time Allen–Cahn equation.


This paper presents methods for reducing the acoustic noise in switched reluctance motors (SRMs) by changing the structure of stator and examining the flux barrier shape. Desirable structure of the SRM with 6/4 poles for reducing the acoustic noise is discussed using the finite element analysis, and the relationship between the sound pressure level and the maximum displacement of the stator is shown. Two methods to reduce the acoustic noise of SRM are proposed. One is to appropriately determine the structure of the stator yoke and the shape of the pole to improve the mechanical strength of the stator. The other is to put the appropriate shape of the flux barrier inside the rotor poles to reduce the radial force. Simulation results show that the methods proposed in this paper are very useful for reducing the acoustic noise.


A thorough understanding of advanced device algorithms designed to promote intrinsic atrioventricular conduction is mandatory to allow appropriate management of arrhythmias induced by pacing, particularly when other types of tachycardia are involved.


This study was conducted in th e chain of integrated researches which were designed to develop e substitute material for wood particles in order to solvea shortage of raw materials that our particleboard industry faces. The prime objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using old newspapers as a partial substitution of wood particles. Three types of paper-particleboards, having theratios of paper to wood particles of 100 to 0, 70 to 30, and 50 to 50 were produced using commercial urea - formaldehyde resin, and then their properties were evaluated. An improvement of the properties of paper-particleboards eere tried by manufacturing Comply using paper-particleboard as a core material.
The results indicated that the manufacture of paper-particleboards was possible in the laboratory scale, and the properties of paper-particleboards were degraded as the amount of paper particles substituted increased. Results also showed that paper-particleboards which comes up to the requirements of the type 150 particleboard specified by Korean Standard could be produced when up to 30 Percent of paper paticles was substituted with wood particles, even though the properties of paper-particleboards were inferior to those of wood particle board. Therefore, it could be concluded that this type of paper-particleboards might be used as furniture parts which are not required to carry heavy loads. Overlaying thin veneers on th e surfaces of paper-particleboard improved the properties of paper- particleboards considerably, even beyond the properties of wood particleboards.


From Cristina Saenz de Tejada: My nomination of Steliana's paper was motivated by how impressed I was by her analytical thinking, and her command of the Spanish language. I find it to be an impressive piece of work by a senior student whose major was not even Spanish! Her paper is theoretically grounded, well written, and sophisticated in ideas. It represents an excellent article on Latin American literature. In addition, Steli never complained during the rewriting and editing process, and was very enthusiastic to observe her improvement.


The present invention provides a compound of formula (I) (wherein, A, B, C, D , G, X, Y and Z have the above meanings) novel The present invention also relates to the number of the manufacturing method and a manufacturing intermediate products as well as pesticidal agents and / or herbicides, and also 2,4-dihalogen -6- (C 2 [Of 95]


At present, there are many problems, such as chaos, fragility, old equipment, low level automation in the distribution network of power system. This cant meet the needs of the construction and the development of modernization. In order to reconstruct the power distribution network, our country has invested huge capital. This paper aims at some questions that must be considered in the primary and the secondary system plans of general cities power distribution networks, and emphasizes the importance of making plans beforehand.


We discuss a procedural planning approach that automatically and dynamically generates plans for game agents in real-time. This approach is applied to the design of an agent architecture in our current research project, Gameme, a game design application. This planning depends on offline goal design, the structure of the agent architecture, and real-time planning mechanisms. The Procedural Planning System (PPS) is capable of improving agents' control for real-time goal processing in games.


Abstract : This follow-up study reviews the procedures and findings of the initial study which concluded that the use of simulations when compared to field placement practicum is a much more effective device for training Mental Health Paraprofessionals in interviewing. However since the study was conducted in an 'artificial' environment, it was emphasized that the true measure of a student's interviewing proficiency must come from actual interviews with real clients in an on-the-job situation. The follow-up study hypothesized that those graduates who participated in field placement as students would be rated higher by their supervisors than those graduates who participated in intensive interviewing practicum as student members of the role playing group. Interviewing evaluation forms with instructions were mailed to 38 supervisors of the course graduates after they had been in their jobs for at least two months. After data was received from supervisors, scores were recorded according to the graduates membership (either role playing or field placement group) in the Pilot Study. A t-test was then used to determine which group was rated higher by job supervisors concerning the on-the-job interviewing performance.


DIE GESCHICHTE DEE WISSENSCHAFTEN IM ISLAM. By MABTIN PLESSNER. 9 X 5|, pp. 36. Tubingen : J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck). 1931. M. 1.80. This little book represents an expanded version of an inaugural lecture delivered by the author at Frankfurt a. M. in 1931. Dr. Plessner points out that Muslim knowledge is predominantly traditional and that the collective sense of Him is always in the forefront of the Muslim consciousness. The sciences in Islam are still medieval, i.e. dogmatic and scholastic; it is true that Muslims have made important contributions of an original character to medicine, to the natural sciences, to the writing of history, to chronology, to sociology, and to the history of religions, but in general the spirit of tradition and of belief in authority has remained unchallenged. Enthusiastic and indefatigable accumulators of knowledge, the Arabs excelled in the compilation of works of an encyclopaedic nature, and, to the sciences of the ancient world, 'ulum al-awd'il, they added such branches of learning (Qur'anic exegesis, polemics and the theory of mysticism) as found no place in the classical scheme. But always, in Islam, knowledge has been regarded as ancilla theologies, and its dogmatic and scholastic spirit is an inevitable corollary of the theocratic constitution of the Islamic State. Dr. Plessner's pamphlet is a clear demonstration of the thesis that, to understand the Muslim sciences, one must never lose sight of the fact that Islam is not solely a religion but a complete civilization.


We analyze trends of wage inequality of the Brazilian female labor force, by race, during the 1980s and 1990s. Increasing returns to skills and increasing demand for skilled labor result in a divergence of wages growth between high and low skilled workers. This increasing gap results in an increase of wage inequality by race. In order to interpret trends, we take into account race differences in marriage patterns, fertility, household arrangements, educational levels, labor market participation, skill levels, occupational location and earnings, distinguishing between period and cohort measures. We use 1987-1999 Brazilian Household Sample Surveys data to examine the importance of within- and between-cohort changes for black and white women. Earnings functions are estimated from the pooled time-series of these cross-section data, using OLS and quantile regressions.


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to a container (1) for receiving the working medium (2) for operating the fuel cell (9), the container (1), the inlet of the medium (2,3) (E) has a first outlet (A1) and a second outlet (A2), by at least one passage means (4), at least the inlet side of the internal space (5) furthest inner space from the inlet (6) is divided into a first outlet (A1) is arranged on the inlet-side internal space (5), a second outlet (A2) is placed farther inside space from the inlet (6).


The invention concerns a lamp device, the lamp device for a particular discharge lamp. The lamp device has a container for at least the contact conductor and the gas enclosure. This container is delimited main volume and the sub volume, the main volume and the sub volume when are interconnected by a transition region of the vessel. Contact conductor extends through the transition region, and a notch. The notch is arranged in the transition region. The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a lamp unit.


Research has offered many advances in the dentistry field and variable types of dental composites have been widely validated to be effectively used with many favorable outcomes. Among the differently reported composites, hybrid ones are the most commonly reported and used in clinical settings. However, the characteristics of these composites vary hugely based on the materials and the environmental factors that they might be potentially exposed to. In this literature review study, we have discussed the types and characteristics of the dental composites, elaborating the effect of different environmental factors on the degradation of the different composite materials. Our results indicate that dental composites are hugely affected by environmental factors as temperature, moisture, chemical reactions and impact blunt. Furthermore, enhancing the quality of the materials by using more flexible approaches might enhance their quality in achieving better outcomes. Moreover, research should be directed within this area to improve the functions of the dental composites and improve the quality of life for the corresponding patients. Composites based on nanotechnology seem promising. However, these are not adequately investigated, and further research is encouraged for adequate validation.


ANN TAYLOR ALLEN, associate professor of history at the University of Louisville, is currently focusing her research on the evolution of concepts of motherhood in the German feminist movement. Her recent publications include "Spiritual Motherhood: German Feminists and the Kindergarten Movement," History of Education Quarterly (Fall 1982), and Satire and Society in Wilhelmine Germany (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1984).


The men have the similarity of the machine during the industrial development and men's stable living styles and values had been abandoned,which the men have been called grotesqueness.In this paper,the author will try to give an analysis of longing and losing of love and lives of ordinal people who lived in western town of American.So this book Hand has been famed as fables of western town of American and that of all the human being.


Background: CDX2 is a gene involved in the regulation of intestinal cell proliferation/differentiation. It is considered specific for enterocytes and has been used for the diagnosis of primary and metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of CDX2 in the diagnosis of cutaneous metastatic tumors and extramammary Paget's disease. Materials and Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of CDX2 was studied in 68 cutaneous metastatic tumors of various origins and 14 specimens of extramammary Paget's disease. Results: CDX2 expression was found in 3/6 metastases of colon adenocarcinoma, 1/1 metastasis of urothelial carcinoma and 1/2 extramammary Paget's disease. Conclusion: CDX2 appears to be specific for cutaneous metastases from intestinal and urothelial carcinomas and is a useful diagnostic marker of these tumors. However, its sensitivity is modest, and we advocate its use in conjunction with additional immunohistochemical markers. CDX2 seems useful for the diagnosis of extramammary Paget's disease associated with an underlying colorectal tumor. Cutaneous metastases develop in 4.5% of all patients with visceral tumors. The histopathological diagnosis of metastasis and the definition of the primary origin are usually easy when the patient has a known history of malignancy, and when the metastasis shows histological features similar to those of the primary. However, in a non-negligible proportion of patients, cutaneous metastases are the presenting manifestation of the internal malignancy, a fact rendering histological determination of the primary tumor challenging, especially when metastatic cells are poorly differentiated (1, 2). Immunohistochemical examination represents an effective procedure in reaching the diagnosis, namely by demonstrating tissue-specific antigens within tumor cells, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), uroplakin, renal cell carcinoma antigen and Hep Par-1 in tumors of the prostate, urinary tract, kidney and liver, respectively (3). Colonic adenocarcinoma (ADC) is the second most common origin of cutaneous metastases after breast and lung cancer in women and men, respectively (2). The main markers used for the diagnosis of metastatic colonic ADC are keratins since most cases are K7–/K20+. However, occasional tumors may show significant K7 expression; conversely, expression of K20 may be seen in a variety of non-colorectal carcinomas, including mucinous ovarian, cutaneous neuroendocrine (Merkel-cell) and urothelial carcinomas (4, 5). More specific markers of colorectal differentiation are therefore needed. Such a marker introduced recently is CDX2, an intestinal epithelia-specific nuclear transcription factor regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, that functions as a tumor-suppressor in colorectal ADC (6, 7). CDX2 is expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, with highest expression in the small intestine and cecum, and lower expression in the distal colon (6). It can be detected on paraffinembedded tissue sections with CDX2-88 monoclonal antibody that has been used for the diagnosis of colorectal ADC and of metastases arising therefrom (8-14). Recent studies have shown that CDX2 may also be expressed by non-colonic ADC, such as mucinous ovarian, primary intestinal-type endocervical and urinary bladder ADC (8, 9, 15). The expression of CDX2 has been studied in colorectal ADC metastatic to the lungs (10) and liver (16). Regarding the skin, CDX2 has been studied in extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD), where it can serve as a marker of colorectal-derived Paget's cells (17, 18); however, CDX2 expression has not been studied in metastatic skin tumors. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of CDX2 in the diagnosis of cutaneous metastatic tumors and EMPD. Materials and Methods Tissues studied. These included 68 biopsy or excision specimens of cutaneous metastases and 14 cases of EMPD excised from a total of 34 male and 31 female patients. The specimens had been collected in our dermatopathology laboratory over the past 20 years, and were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (Table I). The diagnosis had been established by examination of hematoxylin5033 Correspondence to: Dr. Jean Kanitakis, MD, Laboratory of Dermatopathology, Ed. Herriot Hospital Group, 69437 Lyon cedex 03, France. Tel: +33 472110301, Fax: +33 472110323, e-mail: email@example.com


Prefabrication is a method of production in housing that has been harnessed to meet the needs and desires of different societies throughout the globe. Although the U.S. owns 26% of the prefabrication hous- ing market, this is primarily due to the shear quantity of growth in the country. The UK, Scandinavia, and Japan control the majority of the innovations in which prefabrication constitutes a larger majority of the overall pro- duction of housing in these regions. This can be primarily attributed to the social and cultural contexts that give shape to the tradition of construction and knowledge base that make up these construction markets. This pa- per examines the history of prefabrication in these societies in order to identify how the U.S. might revaluate its construction ideologies, products and process in order to produce more affordable, higher quality housing.


The study of different types of ideals in non self-adjoint operator algebras has been a topic of recent research. This study focuses on principal ideals in subalgebras of groupoid C*-algebras. An ideal is said to be principal if it is generated by a single element of the algebra. We look at subalgebras of r-discrete principal groupoid C*-algebras and prove that these algebras are principal ideal algebras. Regular canonical subalgebras of almost finite C*-algebras have digraph algebras as their building blocks. The spectrum of almost finite C*-algebras has the structure of an r-discrete principal groupoid and this helps in the coordinization of these algebras. Regular canonical subalgebras of almost finite C*-algebras have representations in terms of open subsets of the spectrum for the enveloping C*-algebra. We conclude that regular canonical subalgebras are principal ideal algebras.


This paper aims to focus on the bond between intangible assets, creative and cultural industries, in view of the creative economy development. More in details, we want to deepen their effect on tourism, economic growth and local development and with respect to: – Effects on the employment; – Social inclusion of fragile target groups; – Suggestion to develop policies in favor of the future generations. Through the analysis of two case studies – such as the impact on local growth of the Australian indigenous visual art and of the music in Senegal – , and analysing the most recent literature on cultural and creative industries and development, this works aims, in the end, to outline the most relevant features and to point out a transferrable model to be applied to diverse geographic, sectorial contexts in order to promote the role of both tangible and intangible cultural aspects as driving forces to local development.


in 2015, sewer chokes cost Sydney water and its customers over $10 million. Sewer chokes are blockages typically caused by external factors such as tree roots, fats and grease, and foreign items in the pipes such as wet wipes. chokes may lead to sewage overflows through designated sewer system overflow points, or uncontrolled overflows onto public or private property, or rarely inside houses. the likelihood of any particular main choking may be influenced by many environmental, social and structural factors. traditional forecasting and prediction techniques are currently not capable of accurately predicting sewer chokes in the Sydney water network. this limits the extent of the network where preventative maintenance strategies can be economically employed. Sydney water, through working with cSiro's australian digital and data innovations group, data61, has used machine learning techniques to analyse factors that may contribute to sewer chokes and has developed a pilot model to predict the likelihood of future chokes in every sewer main asset. this may enable Sydney water to shift from the reactive approach towards a more proactive approach to sewer choke management. using data analytics can assist Sydney water to improve our ability to predict future events, such as sewer chokes. this will support Sydney water's corporate strategy by enabling the business to deliver world class service to our customers, the community and the city. InTRoduCTIon Sydney water manages about 25,000km of sewer pipeline that transports wastewater from customers' homes to 28 wastewater and recycled water treatment plants. when chokes occur in these pipes, sewage can escape through designated emergency relief structures, other structures and through surface fittings. Sewage can overflow directly to waterways on streets, public land or private property or even inside homes. reacting to sewer chokes costs Sydney water and its customers in excess of $10 million annually and impacts on customer experience. Sewer chokes can be caused by many different environmental, behavioural and structural factors tree roots, fats, oils and grease (Fog), pipe and junction deformities, and foreign items in the pipes such as wet wipes. observations of extracted sewer chokes suggests that blockages are often caused by a combination of factors. tree roots are of particular concern as they are recorded as the cause of 80% of Sydney water's sewer blockages during dry climatic conditions. environmental and physical factors such as tree species, age and location, soil type and porosity, temperature, availability of water, weather and season contribute to root growth (roberts, J., Jackson, n., and Smith, M., 2006). wet wipes are an ongoing problem, with 75% of ISSN 2206-1991 Volume 2 No 4 2017 https://doi.org/10.21139/wej.2017.035 AdvAnCed AnAlyTICS To pRedICT The numBeR, loCATIon And Type of ChokeS In SeweR ASSeTS


Enhancements to propellants provide an opportunity to either increase performance of an existing launch vehicle. One of the promising technologies is the use of densified cryogenic propellants such as liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. The main advantage of densified cryogenic propellants is the increase in propellant mass fraction. Increased propellant mass fraction means increased payload mass to orbit. This paper reviews the basic principles and current technology trends for cryogenic propellant densification technologies. Several promising densification methods are presented focused on liquid oxygen densification. Engine and vehicle performance analyses are also presented to quantify the potential performance benefits of densified propellants in an overall system. And suggestions of application scheme for satellite launch vehicle is made.


The scientific work considers the nature, role, place and term of detective (detective) activity, the world experience in the market of private detective activity in Ukraine. The analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of the organization of private detective activity in Ukraine is carried out. The research methods used in the process of writing the work involve the use of general scientific and empirical techniques of business law, based on a systematic approach. In addition, general research methods such as generalization and comparison were used in the process. As a result of the analysis, the main range of problems that arise in connection with the organization and legal support of detective (search) activities as a new type of economic activity and possible ways to solve these problems.


PbTe has been leading the advancements in the field of thermoelectricity due to its capability for demonstrating and integrating various new concepts. However, the toxicity of Pb is always a concern for terrestrial applications, which inspired great advancement to be achieved very recently in its alternative analogue SnTe. Challenges making p-type SnTe as thermoelectrically efficient as PbTe rely on a reduction of its carrier concentration, valence band offset, and lattice thermal conductivity. Utilization of newly developed concepts including both band and defect engineering amazingly increases the thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, from 0.4 up to 1.6 while remaining a nontoxic composition. The corresponding conceptual route diagram is surveyed, and future considerations on composition, crystal structure, and microstructure for further advancements are discussed in this Perspective. Concepts discussed here not only have promoted SnTe as a highly efficient environment-friendly thermoelectric material but...


How it warps the judgment, how it eats out the soul, how it kindles into fierce flame the worst passions of our nature, how it magnifies to mountain proportions, the veriest trifle which, in better and nobler moments, would have been passed over with an indifference which would not have given it a second thought. How mean it is too, to mope, and fume, and fret for half a night about a little grievance which, if it bad been committed with the utmost deliberation, should have been passed over with a magnanimous forgetfulness. But when it is remembered that most frequently the offence is ima ginary, or has arisen from thoughtlessness or inadvertence, the poor fretter becomes the object of our commisseration. Human life is too short, it is too holy a thing to be frittered away in cherishing animosities or in recording wrongs. SUGGESTIVE.


The generation of high-quality computational grids is one of the most important stages of numerical solution of mathematical physics problems. These high-quality grids are sufficiently smooth, close to homogenous and orthogonal grids, and they have large number of nodes. The time, which is necessary for constructing a grid of the required quality, can be a significant part of the full calculation time. In order to reduce the time of grid generation the parallel algorithm is suggested for constructing two-dimensional block-structured curvilinear optimal grids with large number of nodes in the domains of simple and complicated topologies with compact storage of grid nodes.


In a classic article in which she disproblems with child abuse.1 Although cussed the initial social work enrespondents in the study were asked counter, Perlman observed specifically about their experiences with PA, many indicated that they had that the applicant may not have any had similar feelings and reactions when real understanding of what he is apthey dealt with professional coun plying/or or to, that his expectations selors. More than half the respondents may be quite at odds with the reality ^ recejved fessiona, counseling, a he encounters;... on the other side, . . uji.ji.-r the caseworker may be assuming that few others Lhad had ^ nef e*Pe" what he asks, does, and proposes riences with counselors, and still others make complete sense to the applicant sa'd they were planning to seek profes because they are so manifestly sensisional counseling in the future. Thus, ble to him. [Perlman's italics]' this study may be relevant to the expe rience of applying for professional Perlman's remarks anticipated a body counseling as well as for joining PA. of useful research on factors within the The author conducted tape-recorded worker-client system and their impact interviews that were later transcribed, on help-seeking behavior. Such studies This procedure was advantageous be have focused on the characteristics of a cause the significance of the respon helpful person, the processes of dents' statements could be understood interpersonal attraction, the anxiety more fully when tone and rate of speech aroused by asking for help, the expecwere considered along with the words tations of clients and workers, the imin the typescript, portance of contracts, and the value of Thirty volunteer respondents who role preparation for prospective were members of PA for six to eighteen clients.2 It is strange, however, that the months were recruited from seven influence of factors outside the midwestern PA chapters. Virtually all worker-client relationship has not reeligible members agreed to become re ceived similar attention. The client's spondents and the average length of social network, that is, the client's their membership in PA was fifteen system of primary relationships, is the months. Twenty-seven respondents source of a number of these other facwere women and three were men; tors. The nature and extent of the netwith one exception, all were white, work's influence may be gauged by Twenty-three were married; seven had asking how others were involved in the been married more than once. The av prospective client's search for help, erage number of children per respon Who was told or not told, when were dent was 2.3. Respondents had com they told, and what were they told? pleted an average of just over twelve What was their response to the client's years of school, and about two-thirds of disclosure that he or she was considerthem were members of households ing or had already sought help? supported by hourly wages. The author pursued answers to these All the respondents were in PA be questions as part of a study about why cause of problems in their relationships people join Parents Anonymous (PA), a with their children. However, even in self-help group for parents who have situations in which excessive hitting and slapping occurred, as it sometimes


The present invention provides a reference voltage generating circuit, the integrated circuit device and a signal processing means. Bandgap reference voltage generating circuit combination circuit and a temperature sensor circuit formed, it is possible to suppress the temperature deviation and the deviation change in sensor output voltage of the reference voltage of both. In the case in order to suppress element variation caused by the reference voltage (Vref) of "peak temperature deviation" and "output voltage variation" while the resistance value for generating a reference voltage related to a first resistor (R3) is finely adjusted, and also in the same ratio fine adjustment of the resistance value of the temperature sensor generates output (the VPTAT) a third resistor (R4) is. A first resistor (R3) and a third resistor (R4) circuit constituted by a variable resistor to adjust the resistance of the variable resistor circuit by the adjustment signal. Adjustment signal for adjusting the resistance value, for example, is output from the adjusting circuit (mounted on an IC such as an EEPROM) (300).


The reign of state and state-sponsored repression and terror in the Philippines is similar in scope and depth to that in Columbia. But, unlike Columbia, this has not drawn sufficient attention from international public opinion.


Realist Ecstasy: Religion, Race, and Performance in American Literature recovers a series of ecstatic performances in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American realism. From camp meetings to Native American ghost dances to storefront church revivals, Realist Ecstasy explores how realism represents ecstatic bodies as objects of fascination, transforming spiritual experience into the very material of realist description. In an era of "separate but equal" religious pluralism and systematic racial terror, realism mobilized the gestural and performative idioms of religious ecstasy to confront ongoing histories of violence and imagine new modes of social affiliation. Realist Ecstasy demonstrates how the realist imagining of possessed bodies helped produce and naturalize racial difference, while excavating the complex, shifting, and dynamic possibilities embedded in ecstatic performance. Approaching realism as both an unruly archive of performance and a wide-ranging repertoire of media practices, Realist Ecstasy argues that the real was repetitively enacted and reenacted through bodily practice, at a moment when the body's capacity to reliably signify was everywhere at stake. Interrogating realist practices that worked to order, disorder, and reify racial and religious difference under Jim Crow, Realist Ecstasy challenges and transforms conventional understandings of realism's relationship to histories of secularization, while reframing secularism itself as a densely heterogeneous set of performances and representations.


Dynamic capabilities is the origin of enterprise sustainable development,whose range is extended from the inside of enterprise to the outside of enterprise-industrial organization.Taking the case of the auto industry,we analyze the current situation.Based on the analysis frame of the processes,positions,paths,the auto industrial organization's dynamic capabilities are built by intensifying organization processes,enhancing asset positions,and driving developing paths.


Purpose: This paper basically aims at exploring and investigating the impact of factors including career growth opportunities, workplace environment, managerial support, rewards & recognition system , and work-life balance on 'turnover intention' of teachers, in Bahria Schools and Colleges at Karachi. For the sake of ascertaining influence of these factors on employee turnover intention, six Bahria Schools and Colleges at Karachi were chosen. Methodology: By adopting a quantitative approach, views of 120 respondents (both male & female) were obtained with the help of a well structured questionnaire. The data were treated by applying correlation and regression analysis tools with the help of SPSS software, version 22. Findings: The results indicated that all five factors were negatively related with teachers' turnover intention. However, impact of work-life balance was not insignificant. Similarly, results of the female employees varied from those of the male respondents. Male employees were comparatively less concerned about the issues related to work-life balance as compared to their female counterparts. Since all independent variables, if suitably practiced, also lead to employee satisfaction, the study clearly reflected the inverse relationship between employee satisfaction and turnover intention. Implications: This study can help the management of Bahria Schools and Colleges to understand the factors responsible for employee turnover intention. By paying due attention towards the identified factors, the Bahria Schools and Colleges can significantly enhance the motivation level of teachers, thereby reducing their turnover intention. The study is considered equally useful for other Schools and Colleges. In the end, future researchers have been advised to further explore the likely contribution of other factors towards employee satisfaction and reduced turnover intention Keywords: Career Growth Opportunities, Workplace Environment, Rewards & Recognition System, Management Support, Work-Life Balance, Turnover Intention.


Substructure modeling using pipe-in-pipe (PiP) elements in a finite element program allows representation of dynamic interaction between riser components. This modeling technique is especially useful when it comes to the design of a complex riser system in deepwater applications. In this paper, the ABAQUS finite element program was used to illustrate the substructure models and the results for dynamic analysis of a classic Spar top tension riser (TTR) system in the Gulf of Mexico subjected to a given Hurricane Rita sea state. Nonlinear contacts between the buoyancy can and compliant guides are represented by two different substructure models: compliant guide surface model with friction and frictionless compliant guide spring model. The effects of centerwell hydrodynamic forces were considered. ABAQUS dynamic results were compared between the PiP substructure model and a conventional structure model treating the buoyancy can and the riser inside as a composite beam. The PiP guide friction surface model with centerwell hydrodynamics theoretically is the most representative model for riser analysis. However, the PiP guide spring model is more computationally efficient. It generates comparable guide loads but produces lower riser fatigue damage than the PiP guide friction surface model. The composite beam model leads to guide loads comparable to the PiP model, but cannot be used to determine the spacer loads between the buoyancy can and riser. The composite model also could underestimate riser stresses and riser fatigue damage within the buoyancy can region. The riser guide loads and riser damages from the calculation models without centerwell hydrodynamics are generally higher than those by the same calculation models with such consideration. It was concluded the PiP guide spring model can be used for riser design in lieu of the PiP guide surface model. The additional fatigue damage contribution from axial tension variation due to guide surface friction could be accounted for by adding a damage factor to the total fatigue damage along the riser.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Nonrenewable energy has produced abundant waste during tribological applications because a large portion of energy has been consumed to overcome friction and wear. Solid lubricants have recently aroused significant interest due to their defined friction and wear properties. Despite enormous efforts on solid lubricants, their important contributions to coatings, bulk materials, oil/grease, and super-lubricity have not yet been fully evaluated. This paper discusses in detail the present status of solid lubricants as effective reinforcements in tribology. It begins with the introduction of various descriptions and advanced structures of solid lubricants. Afterwards, it discussed their applications on improving friction properties in coatings and bulk materials. Additionally, lubrication mechanisms of solid lubricants in oil/grease are highlighted, followed by the detailed discussion of super-lubricity for solid lubricants. Finally, this review concludes final outlooks on the main challenges and future directions in this key area.


In this paper we present a computational study of the forces acting on a circular cylinder vibrating both transversely and in-line to a uniform stream. The in-line vibration frequency is equal to twice the transverse frequency. The cylinder thus follows a figure-eight trajectory, emulating the trajectory of a free vortex-induced vibration. We consider three values of transverse oscillation frequency, in the regime of the natural frequency of the Karman street, for a Reynolds number of 400. We find that the fluid forces are greatly influenced by the direction in which the figure-eight is traversed. We also find that the spectrum of the lift force is characterized by the strong presence of odd-numbered higher harmonics. Moreover, depending on the combination of oscillation amplitude and frequency, the lift force exhibits aperiodic time dependence.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


In article questions of design of structure of information support of quality management system of road economy are considered. Improvement of system of production management in road economy has to be carried out first of all on the basis of quality management. This method can be used for development of the system of quality management as a whole and for each its section, is concrete for systems of automation of production management.


The inclusion of 2,4-D, 1-10 mg/l, in the nutrient solution caused a concentration-dependent epinastic coiling of the thallus branches of axenically cultured Riccia duplex Lorbeer ex Miller. The addition of 10 mg/l kinetin inten- sified the effect of 2,4-D at any given 2,4-D concentration. Kinetin alone had no distinct effect on R. duplex, but caused marked widening of the thallus of R. rhenana Lorbeer ex Miiller. The difference in width between kinetin-treated and untreated plants was similar to that between the wide land form and the narrow water form of R. rhenana.