The mission of education programs is to provide opportunities for preservice teachers (PSTs) to become comfortable working with all students they will encounter; therefore, changing the face of teacher education is important. Allowing professors a certain level of academic freedom to strategically and purposefully build curriculum designed to respond to an ever-changing educational landscape while making space for authentic experiences is invaluable. If we are wanting our future teachers to lead successful diverse classrooms, opportunities must be developed and provided even if this means thinking outside of the box and in our experience outside of the university. When developing future teachers, this cannot be taken lightly. Experiences must be developed to help prepare future teachers who will be challenged by parents and communities on the content decisions they may make in their own classrooms. If we model flexibility and independent decision-making skills, then our PSTs will learn these dispositions. In addition, allowing them to take the authority in developing and implementing professional development experiences such as the experience in Hato Mayor will be valuable in developing their knowledge of leading in the classroom, school, and teaching profession.


Objectives: (i) To determine the proportion of patients in New Zealand who claim compensation from the national no‐fault compensation program after experiencing a compensable injury; and (ii) to identify characteristics of injured patients who are least likely to claim despite having sustained a compensable injury.


A brief review of the literature on reproduction inthe lesser bushbaby reveals some large sub-specific differences between Northern and Southern varieties in respect of the incidence of twin births, l


Recent examples of asymmetric dual chiral catalysis (ADCC), where two chiral catalysts are employed under one-pot reaction conditions, have demonstrated how all stereoisomers of a product could be effectively accomplished through changes in the catalyst chirality. Insufficient mechanistic details on the action of two chiral catalysts and molecular insights into the origin of stereodivergence prompted us to undertake a comprehensive density functional theory (B3LYP-D3) investigation on an α-allylation reaction of an aldehyde by using an allyl alcohol, resulting in two new chiral centers in the product. The structural and energetic features of the stereocontrolling transition states helped us delineate how all four product stereoisomers could be accessed by using suitable combinations of chiral iridium phosphoramide and diarylprolinol silyl ether in this ADCC reaction. The covalent activation of the pronucleophile (aldehyde) by the organocatalyst furnishes a chiral enamine, whereas the action of the transit...


In recent years, and across the EU, public debate and policies have tended to focus on the challenges arising from the integration of ethnic and religious immigrant groups, particularly as regards the representation and the recognition of their claims in the public sphere. However, issues of discrimination and intolerance have continued to be just as relevant in the daily life of national minorities and indigenous peoples.. One important objective for these groups has been the fulfillment of historical rectification, for instance, concerning the deprivation of land through the processes of modernization. Although the population of indigenous peoples is relatively small, from both a global and a European perspective, the implications of their political claims are highly significant. They touch upon essential issues in national and international politics such as territorial integrity, land rights, political and cultural self-determination and citizenship rights. The ways in which various states and majority populations respond to the political claims of indigenous people could thus be seen as a litmus test of the overall inclination to engage in anti-discrimination and struggles against intolerance, not at least from the perspective of a history of colonization. Sweden is one of the few European countries that have an indigenous population, the Sami people. The Sami live in north-western Europe, divided in the course of history by four nation states: Finland, Norway, Russia and Sweden. The estimates of the number of Sami differ depending on the sources used but the figures most often seen varies between 80-100,000, of which more than half reside in Norway, around 20,000 in Sweden, 8,000 in Finland and 2,000 in Russia. It is quite common to distinguish Sami ethnicity by, for instance, attachment to language (there are three languages with several dialects), their traditional livelihoods differing according to their place of residence (foremost reindeer herding and fishing), a common historical memory of their ancestral homeland and the traditional Sami religion ("shamanism"). The Sami people fulfill the most common criteria of being an indigenous people: they have first nation status (in comparison to Sweden's other recognized national minorities such as Swedish Finns, Meankielis, Romas, and Jews) and they have their own culture, language and customs which in several aspects are different from the culture(s) of the majority population. The political problems of indigenous peoples such as the Sami in Sweden have often been neglected in public debate or presented as "internal" to the groups themselves.


One hundred fifty years after the birth of L. L. Zamenhof in 1859, the audacity of his ambition stands out in sharp relief. Zamenhof intended Esperanto to create a new people for whom ethical relations to all other human beings, regardless of ethnicity, nationality, or religion, would be primary. Convinced that Esperanto, to survive, needed to become the hereditary language of a people, he offered it to the Jews of Russia as the medium of a transformed Jewish identity called Hillelism. When the Russian Jews spurned his gift, he offered Hillelism, in multiple versions, to the Esperantists. But the French leaders of the movement found Hillelism unseemly, in part because they deemed it "mystical," and in part because it had Jewish overtones. During Zamenhof's lifetime, the Esperanto "people" were hardly the harmonious generation Zamenhof had envisioned; in fact, they would later endure numerous schisms. Nonetheless, they remained Zamenhof's best hope to people the utopia of the future.


Previous research has explored the importance of effective course advising to academic success. Course advising that is student-focused and takes a "whole-of-student" approach has been found to be especially important for students that have historically been minoritised in tertiary education. This includes students who are Indigenous, first-in-family, or from low socio-economic backgrounds. However, no research, to our knowledge, has investigated how Pacific students and staff envision course advising. Given Pacific students are among the fastest growing academic cohort in New Zealand and Australia, it is important for universities to understand how to foster Pacific student success. This research involved a series of talanoa (conversations) with both Pacific students and staff to better understand the current role of course advising in student decision-making, future hopes for the development of course advising, and suggestions to improve Pacific support in course advice. Understanding the perspective of Pacific students and staff helps to highlight the current gaps in course advising systems and encourages universities to acknowledge the importance of relationship building, the development of cultural competencies, and increasing Pacific representation in the course advising process. Results support reassessing course advising systems to help improve retention rates of Pacific students.


Exploration of novel wormlike micelle systems is important for both the theory and applications of surfactant self-assembly. A new anionic surfactant, sodium 2-phenoxyhexadecanoate (sodium Ph-C16), was synthesized in this work. This surfactant can self-assemble in solution to form wormlike micelles with the help of a bolaform salt, ethane-1,2-bis(trimethyl ammonium bromide) (N-2-N bromide), by removing inorganic salts. The resultant aqueous system was investigated using rheological measurements, freeze-fractured-TEM and 2D NOESY 1H NMR experiments. A supramolecular gemini-like structure constructed from electrostatic interactions was a prerequisite for the wormlike micelle formation. The zero shear viscosity (η0) of the system had a very strong dependence on the surfactant concentration with a scaling exponent of 16.8 in the semi-dilute region, which is attributed to the extremely strong electrostatic attraction between the surface-active anions and bolaform cations. These results are beneficial for understanding anionic wormlike micelles in the absence of inorganic salts.


The multiple carrier hybrid PRMA and CDMA protocol is presented based on packet reservation multiple access (PRMA) and code division multiple access protocol. Both the theoretic analysis and computer simulation show that the performance of PRMA/CDMA protocol can increase the capacity of the system.


Objective The removal of intracranial hematomas in minimally invasive operation with chronic subdural hematoma patients in the clinical effect of treatment for comparison analysis.Methods Extracted in the people's hospital of Cili clinic of 60 patients with chronic subdural hematoma,clinical diagnosis of patients,it will be randomly divided into A,B two group of each 30 cases.A group of patients with traditional open surgery method for treatment;group B patients with intracranial hematoma minimally invasive of operation for treatment.Two groups of patients for clinical treatment effect,complications,and adverse reaction phenomena are comparatively analyzed.Results The analysis results show that the group B patients for clinical treatment effect and A group of patients were compared with the efficient,much higher,A significant statistical difference(P0.05);two groups of patients in the course of treatment did not appear serious complications and adverse reaction phenomena,no significant statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion With minimally invasive intracranial haematoma of operation for people with chronic subdural hematoma patients in the clinical treatment effect is very obvious,has good curative effect,the operation is simple,safe and reliable,and less complications can be as the future clinical characteristics,treatment for the patients,the preferred method is worth further use and promotion.


A collaborative system allows a group of users to collaborate through a distributed platform in order to perform a common task. These users may have concurrent access to shared objects. In this context, access control becomes an important issue that must be addressed. Access control models are designed to protect shared information and resources, of any type and at different levels of granularity. In this work we present SOrBAC: an extension of OrBAC model, in order to provide a mechanism for securing a dynamic collaborative Session. SOrBAC introduces a new level named Session level to the original OrBAC model. This session level introduces new entities to allow a dynamic access control during a collaborative session.


Novel hybrid materials incorporating four-arm star styrene-butadiene block copolymer (SB-4A) with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) have been successfully prepared by a sol-gel process. The properties, microstructure, and dynamics of the hybrid materials were investigated in detail by means of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetry (TG), and NMR techniques. The results indicate that the properties of the hybrids strongly depend on the TOES content and the silica networks prefer to form in the polystyrene (PS) domains. There exists an optimum range of TEOS content, in this work 30–50% by weight, within which the properties of the hybrids obtained were well improved: storage modulus increases, thermal stability raises, and the high-temperature Tg shifts to higher temperature. 29Si NMR spectrum shows that in the hybrids with well improved properties silica networks formed with Q4 in the greatest abundance.


Background: The discovery that gut microbial dysbiosis correlated with prognosis, immune reconstitution and development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) highlights the clinical relevance of the gut microbiome in shaping anti-tumor immune responses. Treatment of allo-SCT patients with antibiotics has recently been associated with increased GVHD mortality (Routy et al. 2017). Based on these studies and the association of distinct gut bacteria with increased efficacy to PD-1 blockade in patients with solid tumors (Derosa et al. 2018), we performed a retrospective analysis to determine if infection treated with antibiotics affected the outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) patients after autologous SCT (ASCT).
 Methods: A list of all MM patients treated at our institution between January 2012 through December 2015 was obtained and 1095 patients were identified. A comprehensive review of the electronic medical record (EMR) of the first 142 who received ASCT was performed. Information was collected from diagnosis to the date of last contact. Baseline characteristics, treatment history, transplant course, antibiotic treatment, and infection severity using common terminology criteria for adverse event (CTCAE) version 4 were reviewed. Prophylactic antibiotics were excluded. Response was measured and defined using the International Myeloma Working Group Criteria. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using log rank tests. Cox hazard stepwise regression model examined for multiple factors affecting PFS and OS using the Akaike information criterion.
 Results: Of the 142 patients, 93 (65%) were Durie Salmon (DS) III, 20 (14%) were Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) III, 44 (31%) had high-risk cytogenetics, and 76 (54%) were male. The median age at diagnosis was 60. Although there was a similar frequency of DS III (67% vs 61%) and high-risk cytogenetics (35% vs 25%) among patients in the antibiotic and non-antibiotic treated groups, there was an over-representation of R-ISS 3 (19% v 4%) patients in the antibiotic-treated group.
 Treatment with antibiotics was associated with decreased median PFS (2.38 vs 6.58 years (yrs), p =0.00003) (Figure 1a) and decreased median OS (7.43 vs 17.39 yrs, p = <0.0001). Fluoroquinolone use compared to no fluoroquinolone use was associated with decreased PFS (1.91 vs 4.09 yrs, p = 0.0001) (Figure 1b) as well as a trend toward decreased OS (7.01 vs 14.23 yrs, p = 0.1). Beta-lactam use compared to no beta-lactam use was associated with decreased PFS (1.74 vs 4.34 yrs, p = <0.0001) (Figure 1c) as well as decreased OS (7.01 vs 17.39 yrs, p = 0.0004). Maximal CTCAE grade of infection throughout the treatment course was a further predictor of decreased PFS-no infection vs CTCAE grade 1/2 vs CTCAE 3/4 (7.49 vs 3.77 vs 1.92 yrs, p = <0.0001) (Figure 2) and OS-no infection vs CTCAE 3/4 (17.39 vs 6.58 yrs, p = <0.0001). (Figure 2).
 Multivariate analysis demonstrated progression risk associated with beta-lactam use (HR-2.25, 95% CI, 1.31 - 3.85, p = 0.003), and DSS III (HR-2.28, 95% CI, 1.23 - 4.21, p = 0.009). Multivariate analysis demonstrated increased mortality associated with antibiotic treatment (HR-5.70, 95% CI, 1.34 - 34.29, p = 0.019) and decreased mortality risk with age younger than 65 (HR-0.24, 95% CI, 0.07 - 0.81, p = 0.022). For both PFS and OS, there was no statistical significance demonstrated in multivariate analysis for gender, fluoroquinolone treatment, high risk cytogenetics, R-ISS 3, or CTCAE grade.
 Conclusion: In this preliminary study, antibiotic use and infection severity predicted for decreased PFS and OS compared to patients who did not receive antibiotics in MM patients undergoing ASCT. Treatment with at least 2 classes of antibiotics-fluoroquinolones and beta-lactams, predicted for decreased PFS and OS. Multivariate analysis showed increased progression risk with beta lactams and DSS III as well as increased mortality risk with antibiotic treatment and advanced age. The study was limited by its relatively small sample size, retrospective nature, and the high correlation among infection and antibiotic groups that affected the multivariate analysis. Work is underway at our institution to further elucidate the impact of antibiotics on microbial diversity and patient survival.

 Goldberg: COTA: Equity Ownership; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy; Cancer Outcomes Tracking and Analysis (COTA) Inc.: Equity Ownership. Rowley:Allergan: Equity Ownership; Fate Therapeutics: Consultancy. Siegel:Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Biran:Merck: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bristol Meyers Squibb: Research Funding.


This paper introduces the circuit and PWM control strategies of the neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter and cascade-inverters with separate DC source (CISDS), analyzes and compares their advantages and disadvantages. A new type of parallel connected NPC inverter (PCNPCI) is proposed here. Based on inherited all merits of the three-level structures, only added very few components, it can produce many more voltage levels, which means much small du/dt. And also the output current is doubled. The control strategy for it, which is presented along with the simulation in MATLAB soft package, is simple, efficient.


In order to escape from the economic recession, the Japanese government has come up with an era of knowledge creation and an Intellectual...


BACKGROUND
Specialist care has been shown to improve outcomes for several complex medical conditions. For patients with ischemic stroke, prior studies have suggested that admission to the care of neurologists is associated with better outcomes, but these studies may have incompletely controlled for confounding prognostic differences.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether admission to the care of a neurologist is associated with improvement in outcomes of stroke patients after controlling for initial prognostic differences.

DESIGN
This was a retrospective cohort study.

SETTING
Participating in the study were 113 U.S. academic hospitals.

PATIENTS
Demographic and clinical data for all ischemic stroke patients admitted through emergency departments from 1997 to 1999 were collected from an administrative database.

MEASUREMENTS
In traditional analyses, we evaluated attending physician specialty as a predictor of in-hospital mortality. In grouped-treatment (GT) analyses, a method based on the instrumental variable approach that bypasses selection bias, the hospital rate of stroke admission to neurologists was used as the predictor. We used generalized estimating equations for all analyses, adjusting for demographics, urgency, comorbid illness severity, and treatment volume.

RESULTS
Of 26,925 ischemic stroke patients, 60% were admitted to the care of neurologists. In univariate analysis, risk of in-hospital mortality in cases admitted to neurologists (4.6%) was lower than that for those admitted to generalists (9.5%; P < .001). Adjustment for individual-level characteristics did not alter the association (0.60 OR, 95% CI, 0.50-0.72; P < .001). However, no advantage to neurologist admission was demonstrated in GT analysis, with mortality rates similar at hospitals admitting different proportions of ischemic stroke cases to neurologists (1.02 OR, 95% CI, 0.79-1.30; P = .90).

CONCLUSIONS
Differences in ischemic stroke outcomes between neurologists and generalists may be a result of differences in initial prognosis because outcomes are no better at hospitals that admit patients to the care of neurologists more frequently.


Massive infections of a fungus exhibiting sorne characteristics of the Lagenidiaceae are described for the flfst time from rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis ) reared in a hatchery as food for fish larvae. This fungal agent was associated with mass mortalities in thc populations of cultivaled rolifers.


1. The chromosomes of six Melaniid snails have been studied. The chromosome numbers of the various forms are as follows.Melania crenulata _??_ 2n=34+X=35Paludomus tanschaurica _??_ 2n=36+XY=38Melanoides tuberculatus (diploid race) _??_ 2n=32Melanoides tuberculatus (polyploid race) _??_ and_??_ 90-94Melanoides lineatus _??_ and _??_ 71-73Melanoides scabra _??_ 76-782. The chromosomes of all the Melaniids studied are metacentric and in this respect their chromosome complements are similar.3. All the Melanoides except the diploid race of M. tuberculatus are high polyploids and these add to the only one instance of polyploidy so far known in Molluscs.4. The co-existence of parthenogenesis and polyploidy may account for the numerous forms of Melanoides, their variability, wide distribution and consequent taxonomic difficulty. In view of the prevailing confusion in identification and nomenclature of the Melaniids in general, a cytotaxonomical approach seems imperative. An indication of this is provided by the two races of M. tuberculatus.5. The two cytologically distinct races of M. tuberculatus though not markedly different with respect to size and external morphology do show ecological physiological and biochemical differences. Polyploidy seems to confer hardiness and selective advantage.


Pharmacotherapy in critically ill is complicated by altered physiology, presence of multi organ system failure and utilization of multiple medications. The present study assessed the utilization pattern of gastrointestinal drugs among the inpatients of the intensive care unit. This prospective study was carried out in medical intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Case records of all inpatients of ICU were reviewed over a period of 12 months. The demographic data, clinical data, and drug details were recorded. Descriptive statistics was carried out, values are expressed as percentage, mean + SD and range. Of the 728 inpatients, a total of 695 patients received gastrointestinal drugs. Male to female ratio was 1:9. The mean age was 49.2115.84 years with a range of 18-90 years. Drugs for gastrointestinal system and drug metabolism (ATC-A) (23.3%) were most commonly utilized drug class of all the drugs prescribed in the ICU. Among the anti-peptic ulcer agents, pantoprazole (A02BC02) (87%) and ranitidine (A02BA02) (9.7%) were the frequently prescribed drugs. Metoclopramide (A03FA01) (19.5%) was the most frequent prokinetic agent and ondansetron (A04AA01) (15%) anti-emetic agents. Lactulose (A06AD11) (11.7%) was the most common laxative given while Glycopyrrolate (A03BA01) (6.3%) most frequent anti-secretory agent prescribed. Gastrointestinal drugs were the widely prescribed drug class among the critically ill prescribed both as prophylactic as well as therapeutic indications. Proton pump inhibitors were the acid suppressant therapy of choice, which require revision based on its recent findings on safety and efficacy in critically ill.


Chip card (12) for a mobile radio terminal (10) in a mobile network, comprising a) a module (SIM, USIM) for identifying and / or for authorizing (13) of a subscriber with the mobile terminal (10) in the mobile radio network, b) a memory (30) of the plurality of independent storage areas (34, 36, 38), wherein the storage areas (34, 36, 38) different users and / or applications (34a, 36a, 38a) are associated, and c) in the memory (30) implemented command set (32) according SIM Toolkit Applications, USIM Toolkit Applications or Card Applications Toolkit (for functions for control and / or management of the smart card 12) and the mobile station (10), characterized, in that d) means (50) for restricting access to the in the memory (30) implemented command set (32) are provided.


In this paper, we present a statistical word length minimisation procedure based on the dynamical model of stable-unstable transitions in N-dimensional digital filters. This dynamical model [1] was originally used to determine a priori, for a worst case design, the minimum word length of the multipliers needed to retain stability. In this contribution, the dynamical model of stable-unstable transitions in N-dimensional filters is used to estimate each multiplier's minimum word length sufficient, in some statistical sense, to retain stability. The new procedure has been compared with the worst case procedure. It has been found that the present procedure results in a significant saving of the word length in comparison with the worst case analysis. The method is therefore an attractive alternative to the worst case procedure. Numerical examples are solved at the end to illustrate the procedure presented.


In recent years, it becomes a very important issue to consider the mechanical systems such as high-speed vehicles and railway trains moving on elastic beam structures. In this paper, a general approach, which can predict the dynamic behavior of constrained mechanical system and elastic beam structure, is proposed. Also, various supporting conditions of a foundation support are considered for the elastic beam structures. The elastic structure is assumed to be a nonuniform and linear Bernoulli-Euler beam with proportional damping effect. Combined Differential-Algebraic Equations of motion are derived using multibody dynamics theory and Finite Element Method. The proposed equations of motion can be solved numerically using generalizd coordinate partitioning method and Predictor-Corrector algorithm, which is an implicit multi-step integration method.


Objective To observe the curative effect and recurrence rate of desmopressin acetate(DDAVP) combined with bladder training therapy on primary nocturnal enuresis(PNE) in chlidren.Methods One hundred children with PNE were randomly divided into control group and observation group(50 cases in each group).Children in control group were treated with simple DDAVP,and patients in observation group were treated with bladder training while DDAVP was using.The course of treatment were 3 months.The therapeutic effect between the 2 groups when the treatment was finished was compared and then followed up all the cases for 3 months to compare the near-term and long-term recurrence rate between the 2 groups.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The total effective rate in control group was 72.9%,and the near-term recurrence rate and the long-term recurrence rate were 22.9% and 54.3%,respectively.The total effective rate in observation group was 91.3%,and the near-term recurrence rate and the long-term recurrence rate were 11.9% and 28.6%,respectively.The total effective rate was significantly higher in observation group than that in control group(Z=-1.972,P=0.049).The near-term recurrence rate in 2 groups had no significant difference(χ2=1.632,P=0.201).The long-term recurrence rate was extremely lower in observation group than that in control group(χ2=5.249,P=0.022).Conclusions There is significant curative effect that DDAVP combined with bladder training therapy on PNE in children,and it can lower the long-term recurrence rate.


A system for measurements of the thermoluminescent glow curve, the thermoluminescent emission spectrum and the optical absorption spectrum of solid samples, from liquid nitrogen temperature up to 473 K, is reported. A specially designed temperature programmer provides a linear heat irî of the sample at a wide range of selectable heating rates, as also 1 ot;̂ torn: steady-state temperatures for annealing and isothermal decay studies. The system operates at a pressure of 1-33 x 10~3pa. Presently it is being used for lithium fluoride low temperature thermoluminescent studies. SISTEMA TERMOLUMINESCENTK PARA BAIXAS TEMPERATURAS


Variable-oriented approach has been dominating in developmental research.However,over the past two decades,with the theoretical perspectives portraying development as a holistic,highly interactional,and individualized process,and the empirical research indicating there were individual differences in development,the person-oriented approach emerged and gained popularity in developmental research.The focus in on individuals in a person-oriented approach and the goal is to group homogenous individuals into the theoretically or practically meaningful categories or subgroups.The basic tenets of person-oriented approach are presented,and the data analyzing methods including the traditional clustering,model-based clustering,and configural frequency analysis are reviewed.Important issues in conducting a person-oriented research including the validity of categories or subgroups obtained and the match between the theoretical tenets and the concrete methods are discussed,and the researchers are suggested to integrate the person-oriented and variable-oriented approaches in developmental research.


Hydrological variation differently affects fish species. In the present study, the response of local populations of 13 fish local species to hydrological variation in a tropical wetland was evaluated. The objectives were to analyze the abundance response of fish species with distinct life history strategies and to assess the role of hydrological variation on fish population patterns. We found that opportunistic strategists were favored by high hydrological variation in drought periods, the equilibrium strategists were related to stable habitats, and periodic strategists were regulated by floods and temperature. However, the life history strategies identified for some species in this study do not correspond to the classification reported in other studies. Our results highlight the importance to study the abundance responses of species at local and regional scales to identify variations in life-history strategies, which can reflect local adaptations of species to hydrological changes, this is useful in order to understand and predict the responses of fish populations to the local environment.


College campus landscape plans once focused mainly on campus functionality and aesthetically pleasing buildings. Yet now, after the rise of greater emphasis on afforestation and eco-friendly planning, building spaces for the local culture and community has become the core of the plan. This study analyzed the design strategies and details of the landscape plan that was selected through the contest to select a design plan for the cultural park at Sunchon National University. The key considerations for the landscape Design for the cultural space at Sunchon National University areas follows. First, the design plan sought ways to reach out to the local community, going one step beyond just opening up campus facilities. This means more than just the opening of physical facilities and environments. It was designed to serve as a base to organize diversified programs by generations and groups with an aim to share the history and culture of the college, the local community and the region. Second, shapes and colors were designed to establish a unified image between buildings and outdoor facilities. "Three Books" was selected as the key motif as books were believed to be the most representative symbol of colleges while 6 straight lines, hexagons and circles inspired by the shape of three books were used in the design. In terms of colors, reddish-brown was used for buildings to enhance visibility along with harmony and esthetic appreciation. For facilities, black and blue were used as dominant colors and white and yellow as point colors to promote the image of Sunchon City. Third, with an aim to overcome the limitation of the overall college campus as a closed space, it was designed to be a barrier-free space, remaining open to everyone and encouraging visits and experiences for active communication with the local community.


The invention provides a display screen and a laser television. The display screen includes a reflecting prism, one side of the reflecting prism is a flat surface, the other side is a serrated reflecting surface, the reflecting surface includes a plurality of first reflecting surfaces and a plurality of second reflecting surfaces, the first reflecting surfaces are toward a projection light source of the display screen, the second reflecting surfaces and the first reflecting surfaces are different in direction, each of first reflecting surfaces is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion has different thickness in different positions in a horizontal direction, so that after incident light irradiated on the first reflecting surface is reflected by the protrusion, a vertical plane where formed emergent light is and a vertical plane where the incident light is have an included angle. According to the display screen provided by the invention, the visual angle of the display screen in the horizontal direction can be increased.


The pre-polymerization of CTBN and epoxy resin can toughen modification of the resin.The key point is the conditions of pre-polymerization.Referring to the method of Richards,researched the pre-polymerization of DGEBA epoxy resin and CTBN,the result shows the pre-polymerization reaction could be terminated under condition of the non-catalysis and 170℃(within 1 hour).The epoxy resin will have self-solidify reaction if increased the reaction time.


Abstract International investment law protects investors from unlawful expropriation of investments by the host state. This article focuses on the problems of protection of investors against such unlawful actions by the state and the possible application of the right to property which is established in the European Convention on Human Rights as the possible defence mechanism. The purpose of this study is to assess whether, in cases of expropriation of investments, investors may effectively defend before the national tribunals relying on Article 1 of the Protocol 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The authors analyse complicated questions related to this problem, namely, whether investment shall be full under the notion of "property" under the said international convention, what kind of protection may be provided in case of expropriation of investment in the European Union Member States and how investors shall be compensated against the violation of their right to property in such cases. The authors use comparative, systematic analysis of deductive methods for the assessment of the relevant sources and formulation of the conclusions and proposals. The authors found that though the right to property under the European Convention on Human Rights protects foreign investments against expropriation, one of the most problematic issues related to the application of the right to property under this act in investment disputes is the question of fair compensation to investors.


Thin-walled tubes subjected to axial crushing have been extensively used as energy absorbers in transportation system. It has been known for some time that inversion of a circular tube can have very high energy absorption capability and a stable reaction force. However, its inversing mechanism is rather unstable, and it requires a lubricated contact surface, both of which largely hinder its wide application. This paper proposes to use corrugated tube for inversion, which provides a stable inversing mechanism and no requirement for lubricated contact. Furthermore to the improvement of inversing stability, a comparison between inversion of corrugated tube and buckling of circular tube has been done. It shows that the inversion of the corrugated tube has longer stroke, higher energy absorption capability and better load uniformity than that of buckling of circular tube.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


A method is revealed to optimize the performance of a computer by creating purpose--specific sections in its main non-volatile storage medium. Said method creates a basic set of purpose-specific sections in order to separate, at a physical level and at a logical level, vital elements for equipment operation such as operating system, dynamic files, applications and user's files. Optionally, the method creates an additional set of purpose--specific sections for storing other non-vital elements separated in like manner. A secondary method, which supplements the previous one in order to quickly optimize an unlimited number of identical computers, is also shown. For users and owners of a computer, as well as for the technicians that serve them, using this invention optimizes the time and results attained by the remote or on-site execution of those tasks required to improve performance, information security, and availability of computing resources during the system's lifespan. Among such tasks are file defragmentation, data backup, damage repair of installed software, deep cleansing of malware, and the use of preventive and corrective maintenance tools and techniques. Such benefits are unattainable simultaneously by means of the traditional techniques or the optimization proposals published to date.


The authors propose a knowledge-representation-based parallel architecture for rule-based simulation applications. This architecture yields very high speedup and exploits inherent data parallelism that is present in the application. In addition, the proposed architecture also avoids the semantic gap that exists between an application and its implementation. Several hardware rule-based simulation applications with functionality were implemented on the Intel iPSC/2 hypercube. Two example applications with the experimental results are provided to demonstrate the approach.<<ETX>>


Gynecological cancer is on the rise and radiotherapy is resorted to for its treatment, which affects the patients. This study was conducted following qualitative methodology to analyze women's gender-based perceptions. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Five categories were defined: 1. feelings; 2. daily living activities; 3. role in the couple/family; 4. coping; and 5. knowledge and uncertainties. There was one emerging category: embarrassment and effects of toxicity. The qualitative data analysis was performed in Nudist NVivo V.11. It was concluded that the patients presented both positive and negative feelings, there were limitations to their daily living activities, their role in the couple/family was affected, they faced problems with resignation, emotional avoidance, and spirituality, they mostly stated having incomplete information, and they underwent uncomfortable situations due to the secondary effects of radiotherapy.


Introduction Ethnicity is associated with certain HBV phenotypes which in turn affect prognosis. Methods We performed a search for patients with HBV DNA measured at GSTT(March 2007 to March 2015). sAg+ve patients were analysed for:Ethnic group,HIV,Hep C and D co-infection,eAg status, ALT and viral load. Phenotypes were assigned to patients at diagnosis and at last f/up.ALT cut offs were >30 U/L for men and >20 U/L for females.The American Association for the Study of Liver Disease guidelines divide HBV phenotype into 4 groups although a recent study defined an "Indeterminant" group for patients who do not fit into any phenotype ResultsAbstract PTH-094 Table 1 Phenotype All n = 1799Diagnosis:Last F/up African/Afro-Caribbean n = 872 (48%) Caucasian n = 254 (14%) Chinese n = 186 (10%) Immunotolerant (eAg+ve, normal ALT,viral load > 105) 39 (2%):25 6(<1%):5 3(<1%):2 18 (10%):8 Chronic Hepatitis B (eAg-ve with a viral load > 104 AND high ALT 487 (27%):338 188 (22%):156 84 (33%):42 64 (34%):37 Inactive(eAg –ve with a viral load of <104) 621 (35%):590 357 (41%):332 70 (28%):71 54 (29%):45 Indeterminant 565 (31%):398 290 (33%):202 76 (30%):53 40 (22%):35 Cirrhosis 62 (3%):79 23 (3%):29 15 (6%):18 6 (3%):6 Acute Hepatitis B 25 (1%) 8(<1%) 6 (2%) 4 (2%) On treatment but not cirrhotic 0:283 0:110 0:51 0:47 On treatment AND cirrhotic 0:22 0:9 0:1 0:4 Seroconversion 0:64 0:29 0:16 0:4 1799 patients were sAg+ve,mean f/up duration was 39.2 months(SD 41.2).45% of the cohort were lost to f/up.47% were male, mean age at diagnosis was 36(No difference between ethnicities).82% were eAg-ve,1.5% Hepatitis D+ve,10% HIV+ve,2% hepatitis C+ve. 49% of the cohort were African/Afro-Caribbean,14% Caucasian,10% Chinese,1.5% South Asian, 2.6% South East Asian(other than Chinese),0.3% Arab,3.4% Mixed,2.3% unknown,6.6% "other". The table shows HBV phenotype at diagnosis compared to last f/up in all patients and then according to the 3 main ethnic groups.Rates of seroconversion and treatment are also shown. 90.5% of African/Afro-Caribbeans were eAg-ve compared to 71% of Caucasians and 63.9% of Chinese(P < 0.01).There was an association between the risk of cirrhosis and older age at diagnosis,HIV or Hep C co-infection(P < 0.01). Comparing the 3 largest ethnic groups only,in 2007,70% were African/Afro-Caribbean,19% Caucasian,11% Chinese compared to 51%,36% and 13% respectively in 2014. Conclusion Ethnicity is significantly associated with HBV phenotypes with a higher percentage of immunotolerants being Chinese and a higher percentage of African/Afro-Caribbeans being inactive. Compared to 2007,a higher percentage of HBV patients in 2014 were Caucasian reflecting changes in immigration.This may affect HBV outcomes and demand on Hepatology services. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


Dear We attempted to determine glomerular injuries and the existence of various cytokines in the glomeruli of 19 patients with IgA nephropathy. It is generally considered that the paracrine and/or autocrine stimulation of cytokines might influence glomerular injuries in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis including IgA nephropathy. Antihuman IL-1, IL-2, IL-3 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) AA and BB antisera were used in the immunofluorescence. These antisera were purchased from Genzyme Corporation, Boston, Mass., USA. Histopathologic changes in this disease were divided into two groups, i.e. mild and advanced stages according to our previous classification [1]. Mesangial cell proliferation, sclerosis and/or crescent formation in glomeruli were marked in the advanced stage as described previously [1]. The results of this study are summarized in table 1. Positive staining of IL-3 and PDGFAA was observed in 3 (42.9%) and 4 (57.1%) out of 7 patients with advanced-stage IgA nephropathy. IL-1, IL-2 and PDGFBB were observed in glomeruli of such a stage. However, the positive staining of IL-2,


The fabrication method of a diffraction grating using a colloidal liquid of magnetic particles is proposed. The diffraction efficiency of the grating is estimated at 1.5% in the experiment.


We aimed to evaluate the currently used allometric models, as well as to propose a reliable and accurate model using non-destructive measurements of leaf length (L) and/or width (W), for estimating the area of leaves of eight field-grown coffee cultivars. For model construction, a total of 1563 leaves were randomly selected from different levels of the tree canopies and encompassed the full spectrum of measurable leaf sizes (0.3-263 cm 2 ) for each genotype. Power models better fit coffee leaf area (LA) than linear models. To validate the model, an independent data set of 388 leaves was used. We demonstrated that the currently used allometric models are biased, underestimating the area of a coffee leaf. We developed a single power model (Y =β 0 x β 1) based on two leaf dimensions [LA = 0.6626 (LW) 1.0116 ; standard errors: β 0 = 0.0064, β 1 = 0.0019; R 2 = 0.996] with high precision and accuracy, random dispersion pattern of residuals and also unbiased, irrespective of cultivar and leaf size and shape. Even when the L (but not width) alone was used as the single leaf dimension, the power model developed still predicted with good accuracy the LA but at the expense of some loss of precision, as particularly found for 8% of the leaves sampled with length-to-width ratios below 2.0 or above 3.0.


In his column, AWWA Executive Director Jack Hoffbuhr discusses the AWWA sponsored website, EfficientUtilities.com, an electronic procurement exchange with a technology partner that was developed by AWWA to better serve its members. It allows buyers and suppliers to rout business documents privately to each other via a centralized Internet location. Once a supplier receives a request, it can be forwarded automatically to the right contact who can respond quickly to the prospective buyer. When a request goes to a manufacturer, it can be electronically forwarded to the appropriate representative or distributor. When a supplier provides a bid, only the utility that requested the bid will receive it because EfficientUtilities will maintain strict privacy and security. This will allow suppliers to reduce bid submittal costs and response time.


During training sessions, sailors rely on feedback provided by the coaches to reinforce their skills and improve their performance. Nowadays, the incorporation of sensors on the boats enables coaches to potentially provide more informed feedback to the sailors. A common exercise during practice sessions, consists of two boats of the same class, sailing side by side in a straight line with different boat handling techniques. Coaches try to understand which techniques are that make one boat go faster than the other. The analysis of the obtained data from the boats is challenging given its multi‐dimensional, time‐varying and spatial nature. At present, coaches only rely on aggregated statistics reducing the complexity of the data, hereby losing local and temporal information. We describe a new domain characterization and present a visualization design that allows coaches to analyse the data, structuring their analysis and explore the data from different perspectives. A central element of the tool is the glyph design to intuitively represent and aggregate multiple aspects of the sensor data. We have conducted multiple user studies with naive users, sailors and coaches to evaluate the design and potential of the overall tool.


In order to enable systematic analyses of the numerous solutions to the Arab-Israeli conflict this study presents a model that maps them into a general typology along the continuum between the poles of Arab dominance over the country and Israeli dominance. Six prototypes of solution are identified: (a) no Jews; (b) one bi-national state; (c) twostate partition; (d) partial annexation partition; (e) one Jewish state; (f) no Arabs (meaning their transfer elsewhere). The groups of solutions form a model for mapping suggestions for conflict resolution. With this model any additional solution not mentioned here is bound to fall within one of the groups of suggestions for conflict resolution. The next stage of this study refers to the six prototypes and examines their ideological foundations and origins within Zionist thought and
action; and, finally, the suggested model constructs the framework for an assessment of which geopolitical arrangement is most likely to form the most desirable form of settlement from an Israeli point of view. In its concluding stage, then, this paper evaluates the practicability of each peace-solution prototype and, since none of the prototypes prove to have any real probability, the idea of the non-solution solution is introduced and recommended.


Chronic Illness is so prevalent that we devote this thematic triple issue of Health Care for Women International to disseminate our authors' work about women diagnosed with these conditions. Although none of the manuscripts are primarily about chronic mental illnesses, collectively I see a pattern emerging such that stress appears to be in the background contributing to all of them. In several of the qualitative studies women report that they don't seek help because they have other priorities than those recommended by health practitioners. Alas, as women understand their situations, day to day role expectations placed upon them by the men and children who depend on them, seem to prevent these women from seeking help for themselves. Some are too distracted by their routines to delve into the social structural or environmental antecedents of what ails them. While others do seek help, they report ambivalence about such decisions, and that some practitioners ignore or misinterpret the symptoms for which they want help. This literature differs from what I was studying forty years ago when scholars were suggesting that chronic illnesses were associated with middle-age and aging and that older adults assumed they just had to learn to live with them. This attitude of living with illness is in our articles, but many of the conditions presented here affect women in their childbearing years or earlier and women assume they will cope with pain their entire adult lives. We include work about Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Lipedema, Polycystic ovarian syndrome, Fibromyalgia, Post-Partum Depression, Endometriosis, Mastalgia, Vestibulodynia, Female Genital Circumcision, Urinary incontinence, eating disorders, Pelvic girdle pain, Hyperuricemia, Acute coronary syndrome, Type I Diabetes, HIV, and Periodontitis. Of these only the last six affect as many men as women, but the development and treatment of these conditions are all gender dependent. We learn that allocation of research funds for chronic conditions are related to structural patterns of power, and that conditions that are primarily affecting women are misunderstood, misdiagnosed, and mistreated. As always, read and learn. Examine Table 1 I've created to highlight theoretical, methodological and practice contributions to global women's health literature. Moreover, learn to relax. Dig deep within. Breathe, Meditate, and Pray that life in 2022 will be better for women everywhere. Happy New Year!


Nucleosome constitutes chromation is a basic unit in eukaryote.Its N-terminal amino acid residues can occur acetylation,methylation,phosphorylation,ubiquitination and other covalent modification.Histone modification on the regulation of gene expression similar DNA genetic code of regulation.Histone modification of the study on the awareness of the relevant gene function,and further understanding of gene regulation mechanism is of great significance.


The child is a small person who is not yet empowered, but has the potential to be empowered through education by parents, community and teachers (pamong). Education provided by parents in the family can be done in the form of service, attention, affection and be role models for children. Besides, the nature of the mine becomes a teacher by the child to be able to shape his character and character. Parenting strategies in addressing children in their daily life in the form of guidance and direction and provide good examples should be parents in family education. Education in the family is the main education and first obtained by the child, because the first time children know the various values and norms in life. The main education is education in the family oriented to moral education and the rules of life instilled by the family through care and compassion. In the family the child is taught to communicate and perform actions that do not violate the norms of life such as hospitality, honesty, trustand respect for others. Parents are very instrumental in bringing the child towards independence and maturity. There are several stages that are done in the family in the education of children according to age and developmental level. Basis in family education is moral education and character then explained also about moral education of children in the family. Morals have spontaneous deeds, free of engineering and certain interests. Some moral requirements can be fulfilled as follows: (a) The act was done repeatedly. (b) If an act is done only once, then it can not be called morals. (c). The mutation arose easily without being thought through or examined first, so it really is a habit. Some morals demanded in a child, namely morals to God, parents, relatives, friends, neighbors, nature and so on. Keywords-strategy; education; akhlak; children; family.


In the early 1940 s,Liang Shiqiu had went to Chongqing Beibei Sino-Tibetan Buddhist College and made a speech in there.The speech Religious monks and world culture which recorded by HongBei and published in1944 Special issue of SinoTibetan Buddhist college.This speech is an important historical materials of Liang Shi-qiu researching,it not only reflects Liang Shi-qiu's unique insights of the relations between the religious and cultural,as well as improve our understanding of Liang Shiqiu's literary life during the period of YaShe.


The generalized parton distribution H and E of the 3He nucleus, which could be measured in hard exclusive processes, such as coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering, are thoroughly analyzed in impulse approximation, within the Av18 interaction. It is found that their sum is dominated to a large extent by the neutron contribution: The peculiar spin structure of 3He makes this target unique for the extraction of the neutron information. This observation could allow to access for the first time, in dedicated experiments, the orbital angular momentum of the partons in the neutron.


At a meeting in Detroit, June 27,1972 the RESEARCH JOURNAL advisory committee, editorial board, and editor decided that priority should be given to obtaining original research papers of high quality and that abstracts should not be included at the present time. The report adapted here served as a basis for the decision and was presented and approved at the Research Section meeting. Factors considered included the number of existing abstract journals of interest to home economists, audiences and functions of such journals, sources of materials to be abstracted, and needs in terms of personnel and money.


Theoretical and Historical Background Nationalist Uses of the Past Two Tongues, One Voice Towards a Welsh Economy Rise and Decline with the Welfare State Conclusions, Comparisons, and Forecasts Index


Abstract This article analyses the various approaches to funding continuing vocational training (CVT) in nine member states of the European Union. The data confirm the heterogeneity of the funding structures in the member states, but also that there seems to be a move away from state-led funding towards demand-led regulation, albeit data from the last 15 years indicates increases in both government, enterprise and household expenditure. It is likely, however, that the future will see a further increase in the distribution of costs between the three primary stakeholders, since they will all seek to reduce costs and look for alternative funding possibilities.


Methyl methacrylate was polymerized at 40°C with the VCl4–AlEt3 catalyst system in n-hexane. The rate of polymerization was proportional to the catalyst and monomer concentration at Al/V ratio of 2, indicating a coordinate anionic mechanism of polymerization. NMR spectra were further used to confirm the mechanism of polymerization and stability of active sites responsible for isotacticity.


1. An apparatus for forming continuously displaceable ploskoprokatannoy test tape (1) comprises: an upper roller (2) which is driven in rotation about a first axis (3) rotating the lower roller (4) which is driven in rotation about a second axis (5) of rotation , wherein the direction (6) of rotation of the upper roller (2) opposite to the direction (7) of rotation of the lower roller (4), and wherein between the upper roller (2) and the lower roller (4) is provided running clearance for guiding and rolling the dough sheet, characterized in that the rollers (2, 4) are configured w, which facilitates location of the test tape (1) on the lower drum (4) and that the axis of rotation (3, 5) can be tilted relative to each druga.2. The apparatus of claim. 1, characterized in that the upper roller (2) has a smaller diameter than the lower roller (4) .3. The apparatus of claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper roller (2) has a greater circumferential speed than the lower roller (4) .4. The apparatus according to claim. 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation (3, 5) may extend parallel to or obliquely relative to each other, or may have no intersection point or a common point peresecheniya.5. The apparatus of claim. 1, characterized in that the upper roller (2) or the first shaft (9) attached to the upper rollers, mounted on a first support (10) bearing on the first bearing (11) and a second bearing (12) on the second a bearing (13), and that two bearings (11, 13) are designed as radial podshipnikov.6. The apparatus of claim. 1, characterized in that the lower roller (4) or second shaft (14) attached to the lower rolls mounted on a third support (15) bearing on the second bearing (16) and the third support (15) on the third a bearing (16) and the fourth support (17) bearing on the fourth bearing (18) and that the two bearings (16, 18) are designed as radial podshipnikov.7. In


A combination of outstanding advantages of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column with reinforced concrete (RC) flat slab creates the effective and potential structure to replace traditional reinforced concrete frame structures in high-rise buildings. The CFST column – RC slab connection is the key factor for this structure type to work properly and effectively. Currently, the studies mainly focus on inner CFST column and RC slab connection, there are very few experimental studies on connection of edge or corner CFST columns and RC flat slab. This paper proposes edge and corner CFST columns to RC flat slab connection structures using H-shaped shear head and then conducts two large size tests to investigate behaviors of the connection.


Food industries, especially slaughterhouses, generate a large amount of wastewater (SWW), which need to be properly treated. Conventional coagulants like iron and aluminium are not biodegradable and have been considered a human and environmental health concern. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of an organic based polymer (NovFloc) replacing the ferric chloride in the coagulation process for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater after primary treatment. Preliminary tests were performed to define operating parameters (pH and coagulant concentration), based on the COD reduction. From these results, the assays defined by a CCRD allowed to define the optimal operating parameters for each coagulant, which were pH 7.0 and concentration 6.0 mL.L-1 for NovFloc  and pH 4.5 and concentration 100.0 mg.L-1 for ferric chloride. From the assays carried out under optimal conditions for each coagulant it was concluded that the NovFloc was significantly more effective in SWW treatment, presenting as an effective and promising alternative to the use of ferric chloride.


In this paper, the optimal finite impulse response (OFIR) filter is re-derived using a batch form, which is convolution-based and computationally inefficient. To overcome this issue, we further represent the bath filter using iterations to get a computationally efficient iterative algorithm. We show, as yet unknown, an alternative recursions for iterative OFIR filtering algorithm, which are not the same as the Kalman filter (KF) recursions but can provide the same estimation performance statistically. A numerical performance verification of the OFIR filter, the KF, and unbiased FIR filter the performances is provided. It is shown that the OFIR filter occupies an intermediate place between the more robust UFIR filter and less robust KF.


A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Mathematics in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award Of Degree
Master of Science (Msc) in Industrial Mathematics College of Sciences Institute of Distance Learning (Idl). August,2013


We report on 52 microsatellite markers for use in Cronartium quercuum f.sp. fusiforme. The markers were developed from di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeat-enriched genomic libraries. In 46 isolates collected from two natural populations in the southeastern USA, the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 20 (mean 6.94) with gene diversity values ranging from 0.043 to 0.933 (mean 0.537). The markers should prove highly useful for genetic 'fingerprinting' of single-spore isolates commonly used in host–pathogen gene interaction studies, as marker loci for linkage mapping studies, and for examining fine-scale population genetic structure in natural populations of the fungus.


The current situation of water resources and their uses in the Sisseb El Alem Nadhour Saouaf basin (Central Tunisia) is under strong pressure; human activities and climate change. To arrive at a realistic assessment of the underground water reserves in this basin, a diversified hydrogeological database was created (data from hydraulic and oil drilling, seismic sections, electrical surveys and gravimetric). A structural model is built and validated for the study area. Such a geomodel results from a geological interpretation, which makes it possible to identify the sedimentary series present and to specify their spatial and chronological relationships. This 3D geological model was integrated to Modflow model to assess the flow dynamic and to calculate the water budget. Many simulations were performed. The balance budget over 2020 will be in deficit -14.22 Mm and the aquifer will remain in a critical situation: the exploitation will be of the order of 75.43 Mm. This depends enormously on the progress of the method of extraction of groundwater and over 2030: the global water budget is also deficit -14.5 Mm.


Wright (1946) has shown in a limited number of experiments that the shape of the foveal luminosity curve, measured with fields subtending small angles ( < 20') at the eye and viewed with the centre of the central fovea, depends upon the particular brightness level at which the measurements are made. The differences of shape were not large, but during determination of the luminosity curves for various areas of the retina within the central fovea in addition to the centre (Thomson & Wright, 1947), similar effects were again found and in the present experiments the luminosity curves for the three foveal positions used by Thomson & Wright (1947) have been obtained at six brightness levels, one of which was the threshold level. It was hoped that the changes observed might throw further light upon the behaviour ofthe foveal receptor mechanisms.


From February to November 2008,seasonal investigation for phytoplankton community was carried out in Shenzhen Bay of Guangdong province,China.Among all 150 species founded in the bay,66 occurred in spring,72 in summer,54 in autumn,and 50 in winter.Therein,108 species in 36 genera belonged to Bacillariophyta,36 species 14 genera Pyrrophyta,3 species 3 genus Chlorophyta and 3 species 2 genera Cyanophyta.3 dominant species were scrutinized,of which 1 species in spring,1 in summer,1 in autumn and 2 in winter.The dominant species were mainly Coscinodiscus lacustris,Skeletonema costatum and Noctiluca scientillans.The succession of dominant species was from Coscinodiscus lacustris of spring-summer to Skeletonema costatum of autumn,Skeletonema costatum and Noctiluca scientillans of winter finally.No dominant species was spread widely in all seasons,while 8 Bacillariophyta and 1 Pyrrophyta species occurred in all seasons,and 13~31 common species in two seasons.The obvious seasonal succession was found based on the Jaccard index with a range from 0.12 to 0.35.The diversity index changed from 0.006 to 1.724,and the evenness indices from 0.001 to 0.306,which indicating the community composition was rather brittle in this area.The density of phytoplankton ranged from 1.25×107 cells·m-3 to 217.90×107 cells·m-3 with a descending order from summer to spring,autumn,and winter.The result was particular as phytoplankton often bloomed in spring or autumn in other sub-tropic areas,and its main reason was due to the perturbation of onshore nutrient.The concentrations of the DIN and phosphate were worse than the Ⅳ limit value of the Sea Water Quality Standard of China.Therefore,the water quality was of the subtropical eutrophic type.The density of phytoplankton was significantly negative related to the silicate,and the coefficient correlation was-0.446(p0.01,n=36,2-tailed).Meanwhile,The density of phytoplankton was correlative to the water temperature with the coefficient correlation of 0.371(p0.05,n=36,2-tailed).No obvious correlation was found with other factors.In terms of the dominant species and diversity index,the community composition of the phytoplankton had tended to the simplification,and the tamper-resistant capability was rather fragile in the ecological system in Shenzhen Bay.


This paper aims to understand how everyday life is affected by new technological conditions through an inquiry into glitch, a concept that signifies moments of faulty interference in the regular operation of a technology and that is often labeled a ghost in the machine. By drawing on two concepts from cultural studies – spectrality and post-digital culture – it demonstrates how the imperfection-oriented aesthetic of glitch is today complicated by the technological tendency to bypass human awareness. By developing this argument through a reading of German electronic music group Oval's influential glitch-based record 94diskont (1995), the paper shows how glitch's signification of mediation, fragility and technological complexity has been modulated in recent years. This analysis is augmented through a consideration of Mark B.N. Hansen's concept of 'twenty-first-century media', which takes as highly significant the tendency of contemporary media to operate beyond the thresholds of human cognition and perception. The paper suggests that, as a result of these new medial forms, the subversive potential of glitch-based artworks is impacted severely, but also that glitch's status of ghost in the machine offers valuable resources for thinking through the media experiences afforded by 21st-century media. This paper thereby points to new potential modes of critique, and expands existing cultural debates about aesthetics, technology, and the constitution of everyday life.


The IAAER is committed to promoting excellence in accounting education and research on a worldwide basis. It aspires to maximize the contribution of accounting academics to the development and maintenance of high quality, globally recognized standards of accounting education, research, and practice. The IAAER Code of Ethics for Accounting Educators supports IAAER's mission to promote excellence in accounting education and research internationally. It addresses all areas of responsibility for accounting educators, specifically responsibilities in accounting education, academic research, and service to the accounting profession


Mention market transformation to energy efficiency business professionals and they think of S curves and High Efficiency Motors. Ask an industrial DSM program administrator to describe how organizational programs like Strategic Energy Management (SEM) fit on an S curve, and watch them squirm. It can be difficult to apply the traditional definition of DSM market transformation to the Industrial market due to some inherent limitations. Questions are raised: is market transformation a strategy or goal, how is it applied to a non-widget, non-mass market? Industrial energy management approaches are evolving with the introduction of management systems for energy, with DSM administrators deploying SEM programs to address business practices and move beyond equipment-focused programs. These approaches are transforming customer practices one-by-one. Traditionally, when trying to map business practices on an S curve, one would characterize customers who do or do not execute that practice. However, this approach misses whether that practice is enhanced or improved over time, to a practice that is more sophisticated. Is there a better definition of market transformation for Industrial DSM business practice (or SEM?) programs that will better capture these interventions and enable a more complete picture of the transformation over time? This paper will explore how improved market transformation frameworks can help administrators and regulators to agree on success and ultimately influence program designs to be most effective. Definition of Market Transformation Is Market Transformation a strategy or a goal of Demand Side Management (DSM) program implementation? According to the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) market transformation is defined as follows: "Market Transformation is the strategic process of intervening in a market to create lasting change in market behavior by removing identified barriers or exploiting opportunities to accelerate the adoption of all cost effective energy efficiency as a matter of standard practice." Figure 1 below displays the resulting difference in market adoption after the strategic intervention. The goal is to increase market adoption sooner and to a higher level than what baseline (non intervention) may have achieved. 1-1 ©2015 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry Figure 1. Market Transformation curve. Source: NEEA 2013 For the most part this definition can be applied to the industrial market from a broad DSM prospective. However, there are other definitions that offer a different perspective, that market transformation is not a strategy but the goal of the intervention. It is safe to say the objective of any DSM or market transformation program is the improved efficiency of behaviors, equipment, or processes leading to direct or indirect energy savings. For the purposes of this paper we propose that SEM is both a strategy for transforming an industrial market as well as a long range goal supporting managing energy within the marketplace. Introduction To Strategic Energy Management In the early part of the last decade energy efficiency technical projects managed at the customer site had been the historical approach and remain the key method to achieving energy savings. This approach however did not leverage the business practices of an industrial firm or build longer-range customer relationships. It was a classic push model that was subject to changes in personnel, as well as business cycles, and was not owned by the customer. A new approach was needed. So, over ten years ago utility energy efficiency programs began to investigate a more systematic approach to energy efficiency for their industrial customers. BC Hydro and Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) began pioneering programs that were able to help integrate energy efficiency into industrial business practices. Energy Trust of Oregon (ETO) and Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) both built programs leveraging the key learning's from these early efforts. These Strategic Energy Management programs are centered on working with plants helping them set up a management system. This system manages energy as a controllable expense in a continual improvement environment similar to managing quality or safety. Customers practicing SEM have top management sponsorship and are setting energy goals, with annual project plans, and performance indicators to track achievement of energy savings. This management system is closed loop and can overcome personnel changes, business cycles and 1-2 ©2015 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry other priorities. For program administrators, this management system can create demand (pull) for their efficiency measures. Third party evaluations to date are showing SEM to be effective at delivering savings from both behavior change as well as energy projects. Though programs in the Pacific Northwest have had success with SEM, larger opportunities remain for implementation across North America. Cumulative Diffusion of Innovation Curve (S Curve) For measuring market transformation (MT), NEEA has over the years used the diffusion of innovation curve used in understanding how a market has adopted a new energy efficiency technology. Initially, most all of the MT work was focused on new efficient products (widgets) like CFLs, high efficiency motors or variable speed drives. Market adoption of these new energy efficient products was displayed using a cumulative diffusion of innovation curve (S curve). With industrial SEM, the idea of understanding market transformation progress through a standard S curve can be more challenging. Though challenging, we believe that the S curve does apply in a fashion, but there are more promising approaches to measuring the market adoption of SEM that are in testing and development. Diffusion of innovation is a field of study that has developed a generalized model for application across innovations. These innovations include new products, services, ideas, and practices. An innovation is adopted depending on a number of attributes including the degree to which it has relative advantage over the idea it supersedes, as well as its compatibility with existing values, past experiences and needs of the potential adopters. Additional attributes include the trialability, observability and ease of understanding among potential adopting organizations or individuals (Rogers, 2003). SEM as a business practice is an innovation that is in early stages of diffusion. Challenges in using the S Curve in Industrial SEM There are three major challenges in understanding industrial SEM MT and displaying it through the use of the standard S curve. These include: the heterogeneity of the industrial market, the complexity of SEM as an innovation, and the nature of innovation adoption in the industrial market. Market Heterogeneity The heterogeneity of the industrial market can be quite challenging, as there are multiple sectors in the market as well as sizes of enterprises. Industrial facilities are an integration of devices and end use equipment; each facility is unique and complex. In addition there are many decision makers that influence the implementation of energy using equipment or the management systems in place. Approaches used in mass -market energy efficiency adoption are not appropriate in reaching the customers in this one. Mass-market communication channels can be useful in helping industrial organizations learn about innovations however. 1-3 ©2015 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry Complexity of SEM as an Innovation SEM as a management system for energy is not as straightforward as an energy efficiency capital project or typical measure. The management system is a complex solution that both program administrators as well as their industrial customers need to deeply understand to take full advantage of its' energy saving potential. For advanced levels of practice for example, there are 12 elements of the ISO 50001 standard to consider. SEM is built on continuous improvement as an operating philosophy that most industrial firms have adopted. SEM with its long-range approach can be problematic for people who are looking for faster returns on their energy efficiency investments. This longrange investment requires perseverance and a constancy of purpose from the customer as well as the program administrator. The Nature of Innovation Adoption in the Industrial Market Industrial organizations depend mainly on a subjective evaluation of an innovation that is conveyed to them by organizations like them who have already themselves adopted that innovation. This is illustrated in the importance of referral customers offered by suppliers of new technology. In addition, focusing on firms in the similar sector such as food processing or pulp and paper makes use of this reference approach. Reference organizations like trade organizations were a critical strategy in some of the original industrial SEM work at NEEA. Customers of the SEM program at the Energy Trust of Oregon have in some cases asked their key suppliers and customers to get engaged with the program. Understanding how industrial customers adopt innovation is critical for program administrator's considering SEM programs. Market adoption of industrial SEM to date has yet to demonstrate the appearance of a traditional S curve that NEEA found with its' earlier work with CFLs. We believe the nature of SEM as a business practice will make it hard to understand the adoption rate and if it is really accelerating. Energy Management Assessments (EMAs) have been useful in understanding how a plant is implementing SEM, however they are not yet standardized to a level that can account for the depth of an SEM implementation at the market level. New approaches are being trialed to better measure market progress of SEM in the industrial market. Those approaches intend to detect market movement and better


Phase retrieval (PR) is an inverse problem that consists on estimating a signal from phaseless measurements. Recent algorithms have been developed to solve this problem assuming that the signal is sparse on some representation base. On the other hand, in the state-of-the-art has been studied theoretically this problem under a setup that collects coded diffraction patterns at the far field. However, employed coding elements are inadmissible because they allow increments on the power of the signal in the modulation process. Further, the near and middle fields setup remain without any theoretical guarantees of signal recovery. Therefore, this paper provides exact recovery guarantees on any optical field from sparsity-based coded phaseless measurements that meet an admissible modulation. Numerical results show that the proposed coding elements are able to solve sparsity-based PR at any optical field under an admissible modulation. In fact, the results show the types of admissible coding elements that best estimate the support.


In seismic reservoir characterization, geophysicists usually derive seismic attributes as interim products to estimate reservoir properties from observed seismic data. Although many types of seismic attributes are currently available in practice, such as velocity, impedance, reflectivity, and AVO coefficients, quantitative guidelines on which attributes should be used in particular conditions have not been well established yet. This is because the relations between rock properties and seismic attributes are nonlinear as well as locally variable.


This paper's major objective is to examine young academics' perspectives. We also want to look at how academicians experience about their jobs and how engaged they are at work, as well as how the psychological safety climate plays a part in reducing the negative consequences of job demands in Malaysia's education sector. The results of the current research on the impact of the psychological safety climate on the JD-R model are contradictory. In the JD-R model, the idea of the psychosocial safety climate is also one that is relatively fresh. The participants for this study were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. The results show that using the psychosocial safety climate the idea has the potential to lessen the negative consequences of job demands, encourage work engagement, and improve job satisfaction.


After several thousand years' development, national park of china has formed a complete system. National park in city is a member of the system, and it has its own character because of its close relationship with the city. National park in city's development process and cityscape relationships are studied in this paper from the perspective of the relationships between city and national park in city, and it is tried to grasp its characters. According to the cityscape relationships and characters, national park in city is classified into four types. Then the new development trend in the new era of national park in city can be grasped. These would help find ways of national park development in harmony with city.


The capability of autonomous platforms to function on beaches is critical for a wide range of military and civilian operations. Of particular importance is the ability to autonomously navigate through rocky terrain, hard-packed moist sand, and loose dry sand typically found in these environments. The study of animal locomotion mechanisms provides specific movement principles that can be applied to address these demands. In this work, we report the design, fabrication, control system development, and field-testing of a biologically inspired autonomous robot for deployment and operation in a surf-zone environment. The robot successfully fuses a range of insect-inspired passive mechanisms with active autonomous control architectures to seamlessly adapt to and traverse through a range of challenging substrates. Field testing establishes the performance of the robot to navigate semi-rugged terrain in the surf-zone environment including: soft to hard packed sand, mild to medium inclines, and rocky terrain. Platform autonomy is shown to be effective for navigation and communication. The fusion of passive mechanisms and active control algorithms enables the robot with the mobility of a legged vehicle with a control system as simple as that of a wheeled robot.


Biallelic mutation of the ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI (APC) gene is a hallmark of sporadic colorectal cancer and colorectal, duodenal and desmoid tumours that develop in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients. The mutations affecting both APC alleles are interdependent, the position of the first APC mutation determining where the second hit will occur. This results in a complex pattern of mutation distribution in the APC sequence that translates into the stabilization of beta-catenin that in turn feeds the affected cells with a permanent mitogenic signal. We describe here a new APC domain, the beta-catenin inhibitory domain (CID) of APC located between the second and third 20 amino acid repeats and therefore present in many truncated APC products found in human tumours. In truncated APC, the CID is absolutely necessary to down-regulate the transcriptional activity and the level of beta-catenin, even when an axin/conductin binding site is present. The activity of the CID is dramatically reduced in several colon cancer cell lines and can be inhibited by shorter truncated APC lacking the CID. The CID is a direct target of the selective pressure acting on APC during tumourigenesis. It explains the interdependence of both APC mutations, not only in colorectal but also in duodenal and desmoid tumours.


And FinnlHh Jea.derlJ say they ''''''t1 \\.'\) '1o\\lt\tanloy mOil! ot the FInnIsh territory now occupied by the Red army. Reports of changed leadership 01 tile Soviet army on the Karelian ISthmUB and its digging operations tbere Indicate a change ot tactics pow, But the distribution of Soviet troops at the beginning of the war lelt little doubt to. observers that Stalin planned something simIlar to Adolt Hitler's jaunt into Poland. AIr Raldl Insignificant The Finns inslat there ill li ttle military significance to the continued Soviet alr raids which sllice the beginning of the war have killed about 300 civilians and caused material damage to abou l' 60 ci ties and towns. The Finns assert they h&ve shot down more than 1150 RUIelan planes. Fini8 for Soviet


This paper present an analysis which may be used to obtain a rational design of a system of inclined piles used in preventing downhill creep of unsaturated clay formations. It uses two simple and relatively easy to measure parameters (an estimate of the maximum downhill creep together with a knowledge of the depth of the so called active zone) to calculate the required section size and the optimal spacing (pitch) of the piles for a desired efficiency of the system as a whole. Design charts are provided to facilitate the process.


Pollution-driven eutrophication is a significant by-product of rapid economic growth in China. Such environmental changes have huge consequences on local biodiversity and ecosystem functions through the spread of invasive introduced species. Spartina alterniflora has been spreading quickly and extensively throughout China since the mid 1980s, soon after its intentional introduction from the eastern United States. The range expansion of S. alterniflora coincides with a significant increase in the per unit standing biomass of the species in the Chinese coastal wetlands from the 1980s to 2000s. Here we showed that the long term per m2 biomass of S. alternifolia changes are significantly correlated with human-induced increases of the inorganic nitrogen level in the Chinese coastal water. We established this causal relationship by showing that reproduction, growth, and biomass of individual S. alterniflora, grown in experimental tanks, increased with higher levels of soil inorganic nitrogen. Competition experiments indicated that S. alterniflora out competed Phragmites australis at both low and high soil nitrogen levels. These field and experimental based results support the hypothesis that nitrogen-enriched eutrophication contributed significantly to the successful invasion of S. alterniflora in China.


In the opening paragraph of Slavery: A Problem in American Institutional and Intellectual Life (1959), Stanley M. Elkins refers to "certain inhibitions" that had continued to govern discussions of American Negro slavery. He also speaks of "a painful touchiness in all aspects of the subject/1 These words may puzzle young historians who have cut their academic teeth on Elkins' much-gnawed Sambo bone, and who have no memory of the awkwardness and embarrassment surround ing the study of slavery in the early 1950's. The tension arose from two lines of conflicting pressure. On the one hand, however parochial their discipline, historians had by then become aware of the grow ing sociological literature on racial prejudice and "the Negro problem," a literature that had culminated in Gunnar Myrdal's An American Dilemma (1944). The postwar students who eagerly read Myrdal, Franz Boaz, Sinclair Drake, E. Franklin Frazier, John Dollard, and Melville Herskovits discovered that their parents' quiet convictions?the half-whispered "truths" about Negro character?were dangerous stereotypes that had no place in a nation that had crushed Nazi racism and com mitted itself to the defense of the free world. By 1950 it was an embarrassment to find a passage like the following in a popular history that had won acclaim from New Deal liberals:


The force of ASEAN Charter,which is the first document with universal legal binding for all members since ASEAN was set up 40 years ago,will have great effect on the development of China-Asean's economic and trade relations.In this paper,on the basis of the ASEAN Charter,the positive and negative effects of the force of ASEAN Charter on the China-Asean's economic and trade relations are emphatically analyzed.This paper also puts forward that our country should strengthen political trust,enhance trade complementarity,implement investment strategies and promote the development of CAFTA after the force of ASEAN Charter.


, Abstract The deviations from the al10wed 'shape are discussed. The oorrecti1on facnors foOrthe spectrum and ll()ngitudinal polarizatioiIl ate' calculated including possible h<iigh order cor,rectf;on. Theal1owed{J~decays can he separetedintQ three groups: with small .jt-values (log jt~ 3), with somewhat larger jt-va,lues {3 < Logft<5)a.nd with large jt-va:lues (1og ft ~ 6). The decays with small and large ft-values were the most inteTesting ones in searching for possible deviati:ons from the allowed shape. To explain the devia Hons in {3-decay,s'willthsma11 j t-values (ii the deviations really' exist) one must sea~ch for same modification o·f the fJ-decay inter-action Hamiltonian. We tried t'O doOso with a sbnple modfuii cation 'Of the int'emdJion Hamiltonian. We used the nonrelativi:stic Hamiltonian canstructJed with 'all possible comblnations of avaiJaible operators, which are mvariant lmd-er the 3-dimensionalrotat"ion group. Ðachcombi:nation is mu1tiplied by the formfador. Only the terms linear in the nudeon momentumand V-A-P combinati'on oi {J-decay interaction are taken. In such a,modification the standard {J-decay theory 'iJS includedas a particular case. Itseems that such a s±rnple modifitcati()lnis not calpableof descrihe 'alll the 'Oibserved effects.


Arriving in the US a decade ago as a UK-trained architectural historian, I became more aware than I had been at home of what seemed like a disciplinary split between architectural historians trained as architects—thinking, perhaps, as architects—and architectural historians, thinking first and foremost as historians, for whom architecture was not an avocation. Jorge Otero-Pailos's explanation of this cultural divide, which he describes in his Architecture's Historical Turn: Phenomenology and the Rise of the Postmodern from 2010, was revelatory to me. The phenomenological turn in architecture led to nothing less than a redirection of architectural history as a profession, in which architects practicing as historians—'architect-historians', as Otero-Pailos calls them—were found 'staking out a new position … within the academy as the custodians of architecture's peculiarly ambiguous mode of intellectuality', which is the 'unity of theory and practice' (Otero-Pailos 2010: xiii). Two modes of architectural historical study now co-existed, particularly, it would seem, in the US, uneasily demarcating architect-historians, trained principally as architects, from architectural historians principally steeped in art historical methodology.


The discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in magnetic multilayer films [1 -2 ] and granular solids [3 4] has triggered considerable interest in relating the spin-dependent transport phenomena from the viewpoint of both the underlying physics and their immediate application to magnetic storage and sensor technology. A number of the GMR structures have so far been studied, such as magnetic multilayers with antiferromagnetic coupling, spin values [5], granular solids, and tunneling structures [6]. Of all the GMR structures, the tunneling ones are currently investigated extensively because of their large magnetoresistance (MR) ratio in a very low field [7-9] . The MR ratio in tunneling structures is dependent on the spin polarization and the relative orientation of the magnetizations in the magnetic layers. Recently, a large tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) as high as 83% was observed at low fields of only tens of Oe in an epitaxial tunnel junction with the form Lao.67Sro.33Mn03/SrTi03/Lao.67Sro.33Mn03, and this high MR value had been attributed to the almost full spin polarization in the manganite layers [10]. Also, a large low-field MR has been examined in polycrystalline manganites (TMR in granular solids) [11],


During the last years, intensive efforts have been made for the development of new and environmentally friendly technologies for energy production from renewable sources such as solar energy, using widely available and low cost raw materials, such as water and biomass. A well promising procedure to achieve this goal is the production of hydrogen through the photocatalytic reforming of products and derivatives of biomass in aqueous suspensions, mainly titanium dioxide (TiO2).
In the present study, we investigated the potential of developing photocatalysts based on TiO2, that could be characterized by higher response to visible light and higher photocatalytic activity in the reforming of organic compounds. The photocatalysts studied were based on TiO2 (Degussa P25) dopped with small quantities of non-metals (N, P) or metals (Li, Na, K, Cs, Ca). The above were impregnated with platinum (Pt) 0.5 wt.%, in order to study its effect on the photocatalytic activity and selectivity.
Moreover, a kinetic study of the reaction of glycerol reforming (Eq.1) in suspension of 0.5% Pt/TiO2 catalyst, irradiated by light in the absorption area of TiO2 was further performed
 (1)
The results show that :
 Although the addition of non-metals (N,P) causes an increase in the response of the photocatalyst in visible light, it also has a negative effect on the hydrogen production rate.
 The addition of CaΟ results in the formation of new band gap zones of the semiconductor, shifting its absorption area into wavelengths that correspond to visible light, although this shift was not associated with the formation of semiconductors with improved photocatalytic activity.
 The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was improved by the addition of alkali according to the following order TiO2


Abstract As a result of the Horowitz v. Board of Curators of the University of Missouri (1976) case in medical education, social work faculty may evaluate and discipline students using academic criteria rather than the more restrictive disciplinary procedures that currently are enforced on most college campuses. A flow chart assists faculty to evaluate problem behavior for academic versus disciplinary violations. The author suggests procedures to ensure the legal foundation for the social work faculty's actions and due process for students, and recommends the National Association of Social Workers (1990) Code of Ethics as appropriate principles for conduct. In addition, the author uses court rulings from the past 25 years to detail appropriate procedures for evaluating students and conducting hearings. Finally, he discusses the role of university lawyers, and offers recommendations for informing lawyers about the unique situation of professional education, emphasizing the potential liability of problem st...


The City of Philadelphia`s Division of Aviation (DOA) has begun construction of a new commuter runway, designated as Runway 8-26, at the Philadelphia International Airport. A portion of this runway will be constructed over a former Superfund site known as the Enterprise Avenue Landfill, which for many years was used to dispose of solid waste incinerator ash and other hazardous materials. The site was clay capped in the 1980`s, but in order for the DOA to use the site, additional remediation was needed to meet US EPA final closure requirements. One component of the closure plan included installation of a low permeability horizontal barrier above a very thin (approximately 0.61 to 0.91 meters) natural clay stratum which underlies an approximately 1020 m{sup 2} area of the landfill footprint so as to insure that a minimum 1.52 meter thick low permeability barrier exists beneath the entire 150,000 m{sup 2} landfill. The new barrier was constructed using jet grouting techniques to achieve remote excavation and replacement of the bottom 0.91 meters of the waste mass with a low permeability grout. The grout was formulated to meet the low permeability, low elastic modulus and compressive strength requirements of the project design. This papermore » will discuss the advantages of using jet grouting for the work and details the development of the grout mixture, modeling of the grout zone under load, field construction techniques, performance monitoring and verification testing.« less


Annotation. Interest in the title problem is caused by the following considerations: 1) Take, for example, "Pythagoras' equation, all of which are relatively prime solutions determined Delyan formulas A= a^2- b^2 and B=2ab. But if we choose A≠a^2- b^2 and B≠2ab both hypo- Tethyan "correct" solutions of this equation, then perhaps it will be possible to prove that, in this case, "Pythagoras" equation exists. But it really does not exist for the selected hypothetically "true" solutions. 2) The equation A^N+B^N = C^N and the equation of the elliptic curve Frey (as will be shown below for the proposed options to solve them) are not compatible. 3) Therefore, it seems, it does not look quite convincing relationship between the equation elliptic curve Frey Farm and the corresponding equation. 4) Supplement.


We show that the squared maximal height of the top path among $N$ non-intersecting Brownian bridges starting and ending at the origin is distributed as the top eigenvalue of a random matrix drawn from the Laguerre Orthogonal Ensemble. This result can be thought of as a discrete version of K. Johansson's result that the supremum of the Airy$_2$ process minus a parabola has the Tracy-Widom GOE distribution, and as such it provides an explanation for how this distribution arises in models belonging to the KPZ universality class with flat initial data. The result can be recast in terms of the probability that the top curve of the stationary Dyson Brownian motion hits an hyperbolic cosine barrier.