Abstract By the use of modern electrical logging methods and evaluation techniques accurate values of porosity and water saturation can be computed in most reservoir formations. While these values are essential in the quantitative definition of in-place hydrocarbons, they do not, alone, predict type of fluid production to be expected from the formation. The product of water saturation times porosity tends to be constant for homogeneous, hydrocarbon-bearing formations above the transition zone, where as in the transition zone this constancy is not maintained, the product φ.Sw tends to track the porosity. Through computer processing of log data an appropriate display of continuous φ.Sw values are recorded in log form. From the shape of the curve an estimate of type fluid production can be made. For intervals known to be above the transition zone variations in the φ.Sw curve are indicative of changes in the physical properties of the formations. This knowledge is useful in prediction of formation producibility. The technique is applicable to carbonates and sandstone formations, both clean and shaly, that are characteristic of reservoirs in Indonesia and is compatible with standard logging program presently being utilized here. Examples illustrating the method in several of Indonesia's hydrocarbon bearing basins are included.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer characterized by excellent processability. Ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer has a density of 0.930–0.950 g/cm 3 , MFR 5 0.1–5, ratio of melt flow rates MFR 21.6 /MFR 5 10–200. When the graph of the complex viscosity is approximated (η * [Pa⋅sec]) of the frequency (ω[rad/sec] in the range from 0.05 rad/s to 500 rad/s) by the power law of equation 1, where C 1 corresponds to 250,000–400,000, C 2 is in the range from -0.7 to -0.5. When approximated by the cross model of equation 2, where D 1 is in the range of 1,500,000–2,500,000, D 2 is in the range 3–10, and D 3 is in the range of 0.2–0.3. [Equation 1] . [Equation 2] . EFFECT: ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer has a low complex viscosity at high shear rate and excellent processability. 9 cl, 3 dwg, 5 ex, 3 tbl


This article presents the results which were obtained from our dissertation, and aims to highlight the approaches, and discusses the conditions, possibilities and limits of the teaching work on ethnic/racial relations at school, in a context where the denial and invisibility of the black population is still a current practice. In order to understand the category 'identity', which was discussed in articulation with the notions of teaching identity and black identity, our support was in Dubar (2005). The field research was performed with black teachers who teach in the early grades of the elementary education in the Municipal Education Network in Recife, Pernambuco, and to establish the ethnic/racial classification we used the teachers' self-declaration. We have adopted the story of life as methodological contribution and, as instruments and procedures, we used the analysis of documents and the conducting of semi-structured interviews. The approach, production and data analysis were carried out from the analysis of the content (Laurence Bardin's perspective), through the thematic analysis technique. The findings have revealed that although the forms of approach to the subject do not seem to be guided by any official pedagogical planning, the paper presents an intentional and systematic development, and points out that the investment in training processes, which consider in a conscious and planned way the identity dimension of the teachers, is a fundamental aspect for the implementation of the education of ethnic / race relations and the teaching of the Afro-Brazilian and African history and culture in Brazil.


OBJECTIVE To analyze the performances of the on-pump beating heart(OPBH) coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) in 28 patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction.METHODS From 2003 to 2006,28 cases having left ventricular dysfunction undertook selective CABG with OPBH.There were 6 cases of emergent switching to extracorporeal circulation(ECC) due to unstable hemodynamic,which was 0.85% in the same period of OPCAB cases(6/702),and 22 selected cases undertook routine OPBH CABG.The procedure and the experience of the OPBH were analyzed.RESULTS In the 22 routine OPBH CABG cases, the number of grafts was(3.4±0.8),the time of ECC was(97.2±32.8) min,and no severe complications happened.The number of the grafts was(2.8±0.4),and the time of ECC was(186.0±94.9) min in the group of emergent switch,meanwhile, intra-aortic balloon pump was used in 3 cases during opertion and 3 cases died of heart failure,multi-organ failure and acute pulmonary thromboembolism after operation.CONCLUSION The reasonable application of OPBH CABG is safe and credible for patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction.


Sculpture created by Yang Huizhi,formally has two major characteristics:First is "molds clay figurines",belongs to the sculpture addition,His few manufacture carving art,the most prominent achievement is also clay sculpture art.Second is carries on the color to the sculpture.Yang Huizhi's drawing attainments do not lose to Wu daozi,therefore after sculpture color,appears more vivid lifelike.He is the first person to introduce practical style into statuary art in Tang Dynasty.His clay sculpture work can hold character's appearance and facial expression characteristics well,this was considered at that time that suits the facial features,so was called "the ancient and modern unique skill".He utilizes successfully Zhang Sengyao's drawing style to sculpture aspect,and has the high reputation of "the first under heaven".He has won the equal status name "sculpture sage" with "the picture Sage" Wu Daozi.


In a previous report1some of the chemical differences between the bile of certain domestic animals and that of human beings were discussed. By fractionating the bile of the dog and sheep, animals in which gallstones are not formed ordinarily, it was observed that the cholesterol solvent capacity of the bile could be isolated in the saponifiable or fatty acid fraction. Quantitative analysis of bile from the gallbladders of these animals showed that the saponifiable fraction was relatively high in the dog and sheep but low in the ox and hog. Similar analysis of human bile showed that the concentration of the saponifiable fraction was extremely low in proportion to the nonsaponifiable or cholesterol fraction. These findings, along with the previous work of Walsh and Ivy,2suggested that the fatty acids in the bile play an extremely significant role in maintaining cholesterol in solution and in preventing the


Sir,

The use of X-ray fluoroscopy has led to remarkable advancements in management of various disorders. However, operation theatre staff are repeatedly exposed to radiation, which can cause bone marrow suppression, genetic mutations and carcinogenesis, etc. The aim of this letter is to draw the attention of senior authorities to the fact that guidelines should be prepared and followed strictly to monitor radiation exposure to anaesthesiologists. Knowledge of various physical and biochemical aspects of radiation is important to prevent potential hazardous consequences of its exposure.[1]

In a study comparing the effect of the use of single or two C-arms, duplicate thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) badges were placed on surgeons' and scrub technicians' eyewear, thyroid shields, and waist. It was concluded that the use of lead aprons and thyroid shields reduced radiation exposure by 50%.[2] The National Council on Radiation Protection was established in United States (US) to help set US policy on radiation protection.[3] Various prophylactic measures include increased filtration and use of higher tube voltage or lower tube current. Pulsed fluoroscopic operation should be set at rate of 4 pulses/s and C-arm should be positioned underneath the table. Recommended distance to avoid exposure is approximately 3 feet from the source.[4] The use of biplanar fluoroscopy reduces both radiation exposure and surgical time. Lead aprons should be regularly checked for any breakage by an assigned technician. Mobile full body lead shield can be used, as it can both effectively shield off scattered radiation and do not add extra weight. During repeated and long procedures, patients should also be protected with lead shield. Educational programs should be conducted for awareness of radiation hazards and safety measures among operation theatre personnel. Staff should be taught to avoid close contact with tilted side of fluoroscope as scattered radiation increases when emission tube gets tilted.[5]

Certain adjustments in fluoroscopy machine such as avoiding any metal parts within fluoroscopy field, by closing iris and adjusting size of collimator, the amount of radiation generated can be reduced.[5] Lead acrylic glasses can be used to avoid damage to lens. Lead impregnated gloves can be used in high-risk procedures. Both ionising and non-ionising radiations pose potential hazards to anaesthesiologists. If recommended dose limit exceeds 15 mSv/year, cumulative effects of radiation can affect whole body or can result in localised effects such as cataract. Anaesthesiologists posted in OTs where fluoroscopy is used routinely should have two badges including one for cumulative and another for individual exposure. These badges should be made available from the reputed suppliers. Their use establishes the dose received and verifies the adequacies of facilities for radiation protection. As part of safety, according to Atomic Energy (Radiation Protection) Rules 2004 section (3), a licence/registration is necessary for establishing the radiation installation. This procedure involves three steps:

The director, directorate of radiation safety (DRS) first approves the site where equipment has to be installed

Then quality assurance test is done by the manufacturer or supplier under intimation to DRS

After that licence/registration is issued by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) through DRS.

Recommendations from AERB to improve quality of care include:

It is the responsibility of the employer to provide radiation-monitoring devices (TLD badges) to radiation workers

X-ray installations should be located as far as possible from areas of high occupancy such as maternity, paediatric and ultrasonography rooms

Quality assurance should be conducted once in 2 years on every X-ray equipment and records to be maintained by registrant/licensee.

Thus by taking various prophylactic measures, safety of the anaesthesiologists can be enhanced.


Twenty-two sands in the Hewitt field have been flooded simultaneously by Exxon Co. U.S.A.'s Hewitt Unit, and a case history of the operations is detailed. A multiple sand waterflood project requires special optimization methods to improve oil recovery. Injection and production surveillance programs and optimization methods used are highlighted. These include injection wellbore design, injection distribution, production stimulation, polymer augmented injection, and infill drilling. Successful application of these techniques has increased ultimate recovery from this waterflood operation. 3 refs.


The bedding layers in shale reservoirs are highly developed with numerous bedding joints. In the hydraulic fracturing process, the propagation of hydraulic fractures during shale formation significantly affects the efficient development of reservoirs. In this study, we employed the pulsating cyclic loading technique to develop a model of the interaction between shale hydraulic fractures and bedding layer; in addition, we used a numerical model optimization method for the zero-thickness cohesive element to compare the hydraulic fracture and bedding layer propagation behavior under static and pulsating loading. We studied the propagation behavior of pulsating fracturing bedding layers at different frequencies, amplitudes, and bedding angles. The results revealed that static load fracturing is more conducive to the propagation of primary fracture under the same conditions, and that pulsation fracturing is better for the propagation of bedding layer. The higher frequency and amplitude of the seismic source in the pulsation fracturing process are more favorable to crossing the bedding layers. When the bedding angle is approximately 10°, turning the main fracture along the bedding direction is challenging. The hydraulic fracture along bedding layer propagation was achieved when the bedding angle was approximately 30° and 45°. When the bedding angle was approximately 60° or more, the fracture extended only along one side of the bedding layer. The study results provide guidance for the formation of fracture networks in the field of fracturing construction of shale reservoirs, thus improving the production of shale reservoirs.


Phagocytic cells constitute the first defense line against the diversity of infectious agents. The effects of aging on the immune function – immunosenescence – affect the phagocytic capacity of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages and result in increased risk to cancer and other diseases. The aim of this review was to assess the functional aspects of the innate system cells in aging. Evidence brought about by this review suggests that resistance training is a useful therapy to mitigate the adverse effects of the innate immune system aging process. Resistance training is consistently recommended as assistent strategy for prevention of the inflamaging and associated chronic diseases, but establishing adequate program is still in demand. In addition, future studies are needed to improve our understanding of the resistance training-induced mechanisms underlying changes in phagocytic activity in the elderly.


C-Al2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized via the sol-gel tri-constituent co-assembly process using an amphiphilic triblock copolymer F127 (PEO106PPO70PEO106, MW=12600) as a template, aluminum iso-propoxide as an inorganic source, and resol as an organic precursor. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption were used to characterize the structures and properties. The results showed that the nanocomposite MC5A5 has ordered mesoporous structures with a high specific surface area of 175 m2·g-1 and a pore volume of 0.22 cm3·g-1. Low infrared emissivity coatings were obtained using the ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) as an adhesive and the ordered mesoporous C-Al2O3 nanocomposites as a filling. As the mass percentage of Al2O3 was increased from 30% to 70%, the infrared emissivity decreased from 0.575 to 0.456. Al2O3 can effectively reduce the infrared emissivities of nanocomposites. Ordered mesoporous C-Al2O3 nanocomposites are thus promising for application in martial equipment.


justification of a legal principle. 688 University of California, Davis [Vol. 21:645 legal and moral principles are multiple and irreducible.P? Further, some of these principles probably are inconsistent. In that case, certain laws are consistent with some parts of the legal system and inconsistent with other parts. If the fundamental moral principles necessary to justify law are not consistent, there is no hope for consistency generally.P! Dworkin simply fails to take this possibility seriously which is all the more surprising since such an account provides a good explanation of how most people function as moral agents.P? 130 These principles may be grounded in intuitionism. See generally W. Ross, supra note 102; if. Shiffrin, supra note 118, at 1201. But see B. ACKERMAN, SOCIAL JUSTICE AND THE LIBERAL STATE 349-55 (1980) (arguing against intuitionism in ethics). Intuitionism often views fundamental ethical principles as irreducibly pluralistic. If so, coherence is not even a possibility. 131 Consistency might depend upon a principle that permits us in a morally significant way to group kinds of cases under the same rule or category. Saying that only relatives observing the scene of the accident can recover for emotional distress is a rule of this kind. If we believe the vital factor in this situation is being a relative with emotional distress, then the rule extends to relatives not observing the accident. If we stress observing the accident, the rule does not extend to relatives generally. According to Dworkin, "Integrity fixes its gaze on . . . matters of principle: government must speak with one voice about what these rights are and so not deny them to anyone at any time." R. DWORKIN, supra note 16, at 223. But this is too strong. We deny rights to people all the time. Yet, government should never deny rights to those who legitimately have those rights. Why is integrity violated by someone who sincerely believes that only whites deserve equal treatment? No doubt such a view is morally pernicious, but what in Dworkin's conception of integrity rules it out? Similarly, refusing the franchise to children distinguishes between two classes of individuals regarding voting. But this, of course, is an acceptable distinction. Isn't it? Should integrity rule it out? Dworkin has not sufficiently explained how integrity constrains. This may be a general problem with liberal jurisprudential and political philosophy. It depends too heavily on apparently formal or neutral features of ratiocination to generate substantive result. Another problem with liberalism is its conviction that we can and should exist as a radically divided society. Consider Dworkin's words: "[Law] is, finally, a fraternal attitude, an expression of how we are united in community though divided in project, interest, and conviction. That is, anyway, what law is for us: for the people we want to be and the community we aim to have." Id. at 413. What is it to be "united in communi ty ," though divided in everything else? But can one seriously argue that the kind of divisions existing today racial, economic, religious, sexual and so forth permit community? Hardly. Dworkin then must confront the question of how diversity can exist in a community. What kinds of diversity and what kinds of communities permit this? 132 Few people, if any, operate morally with a coherent systematized set of moral principles. Instead, we pragmatically apply fundamental principles that reflect consequentialist, deontological, and aspirational concerns. 1988] Constitutional Revolutions 689 3. Integrity and Community Dworkin's ultimate defense of integrity as a political virtue is that it is conducive to establishing a community of principle. A community of principle is one in which the participants see that their fates are linked with one another by principles which inform their personal and political lives.P" Individuals in such a community "accept that their political rights and duties are not exhausted by the particular decisions their political institutions have reached, but depend, more generally, on the scheme of principles those decisions presuppose and endorse."134 Each participant recognizes that a scheme of moral and political rights exists, and that she has duties which inhere in that scheme even though it may lack official recognition.l'" Only in such circumstances can a genuine associative community flourish.t'" An associative community is a community whose members have certain attitudes toward one another not exhibited in other kinds of associations.P? Each individual views her obligations to others in the community as special't" and personal.P? Further, each member has an equal concern's" for the other members of the group. According to Dworkin, only a community of principle can achieve these goals.':" 133 R. DWORKIN, supra note 16, at 211. 134 Id. 135 Id.


The structural reinforcement of Bosphorus Bridge in Turkey was implemented from December 2013 to April 2019. This paper focuses on two highly remarkable work items. One is replacement of hangers and the other is reinforcement of main cable. Inspection and structural evaluation of existing inclined hangers were performed, and overstressed and corroded hangers were found. Bridge administrator decided to replace the inclined hanger system with the vertical hanger system. This was the first challenge to replace the inclined hanger system with vertical hanger system for a long span suspension bridge in the world. In conjunction with the hanger replacement, the existing wrapping wires were also replaced with new one. Then severe corrosions and broken wires of main cable were found near the tower. Therefore, additional strands were installed beside the main cable in order to compensate the loss of sectional area due to broken wires. There were lots of difficulties; however the above two works for Bosphorus Bridge were implemented successfully.


Empirical tests for bubbles typically focus on the stationarity properties of the dividend yield. Evidence of nonstationarity in the dividend yield is viewed as proof of bubbles, while stationarity is interpreted as absence of bubbles. For economies with arbitrary pricing kernels but stationary risk-free rates, I show that there exist bubbles that are strictly stationary. Such bubbles give rise to stationary dividend yields.


Several not-yet fully described neutrophil populations exerting either antitumor or suppressive/protumor functions may appear in the circulation of patients with cancer and/or infiltrate tumor tissues. In this issue, Emmons and colleagues provide new information on how complement-dependent "activation" of normal mature neutrophils renders the cells able to inhibit T-cell responsiveness in vitro. The data highlight the complexities of understanding the biology of neutrophil-mediated T-cell suppression. See related article by Emmons et al., p. 790.


In the world of archives, Web 2.0 means more than wider and easier access to digital surrogates of archival objects. Newly developing Web 2.0 applications provide multiple possibilities for contextualizing archival objects through the contributions of many users, rather than a few established experts, marking a shift in archival practice and the role of the expert archivist. For many archival objects with origins in collaborative and popular cultural traditions, a context for online access that invites collaboration and challenges the authority of the expert is particularly conducive to helping users make sense of the archival objects. While this may lead to tensions between innovation and tradition in archival practice, user-contributed knowledge and multiple interpretations of documents can be incorporated as a complement to institutional records, rather than a replacement for traditional methods of description and classification. The purpose of this chapter is to describe recent developments in interactive and collaborative online archives that challenge and enhance traditional ideas about archival expertise. For one Appalachian folk song collection in particular, a community of expertise, ownership, and collaboration may help to keep unique recordings in continued use as part of a living, and still-evolving, musical tradition.


A physically based analytical model for surface potential and threshold voltage including the fringing gate capacitances in cylindrical surround gate (CSG) MOSFETs has been developed. Based on this a subthreshold drain current model has also been derived. This model first computes the charge induced in the drain/source region due to the fringing capacitances and considers an effective charge distribution in the cylindrically extended source/drain region for the development of a simple and compact model. The fringing gate capacitances taken into account are outer fringe capacitance, inner fringe capacitance, overlap capacitance, and sidewall capacitance. The model has been verified with the data extracted from 3D TCAD simulations of CSG MOSFETs and was found to be working satisfactorily.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a meshless numerical method for three‐dimensional isotropic thermoelastic problems with arbitrary body forces.Design/methodology/approach – This paper combines the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) and the dual reciprocity method (DRM) as a meshless numerical method (MFS‐DRM) to solve three‐dimensional isotropic thermoelastic problems with arbitrary body forces. In the DRM, the arbitrarily distributed temperature and body force are approximated by polyharmonic splines with augmented polynomial basis, whose particular solutions and the corresponding tractions are reviewed and given explicitly. The MFS is then applied to solve the complementary solution. Numerical experiments of Dirchlet, Robin, and peanut‐shaped‐domain problems are carried out to validate the method.Findings – In literature, it is commented that the Gaussian elimination can be used reliably to solve the MFS equations for non‐noisy boundary conditions. For noisy boundary conditions, the ...


A method for producing a metal microstructure, a) providing a substrate (1,2) having a conductive strike surface (2); b) to d) UV picture comprising the steps of: forming a first resin mold (3b) by lithography, the first opening in the molded resin to expose the conductive strike surface (2) of the substrate, the first resin mold forming (3b); e) further comprising: by galvanic deposition of the first metal material in the openings of the first resin mold electroforming the first element (5); f) exposing the conductive strike surface (2) of the substrate by removing the first mold (3b) around the said first element; g) to i) UV as a picture forming a new resin mold (7b) by photolithography, the opening to the first element 5 and the conductive strike surface (2) of the substrate in the first resin mold exposing, forming the new resin mold (7b); j) the step of electroforming the new resin and the second element 10 by means of galvanic deposition of the second metal material in the openings of the mold (7b) to form the metal microstructure; From k) the substrate (1) and comprises the step of separating the metal from the microstructure of the new mold (7b).


Chlordane was a most used as insecticide by farmers. Today, it is banned owing to its toxicity, bio-accumulative and persistence properties. Since then ¶tits prohibition has created more unexploited stocks in the environment. ¶In order to still allow the use of these products, we theoretically proposed new molecules derived from it. To meet this objective, we have reduced the number of chlorine atoms in the chlordane molecule to four. Thus, t¶he QSAR and QSPR models already established made it possible to theoretically determine and the of 70 molecules proposed. ¶The analysis of the results allowed to retain two molecules. These are (1S,2S,3R,6R,7R)-3,8,10,10-tetrachlorotricyclo[5,2,1.02,6]dec-8-ene) and (1R,2R,3R,6R,7S)-3,8,7,8-tetrachloro-tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-8-ene. Both¶bothbbbbbbbggddaaa molecules seem to present the best values of and BCF.¶¶In order to also verify the influence of fluorine on chlordane, we carried out another study. In this part, we have considered the two abovementioned molecules on which a substitution of four hydrogen atoms by four fluorine atoms was made. This gave the following two molecules: (1R,2S,3S,4R,6R,7S)-3,8,10,10-tetrachloro-1,4,7,9-tetrafluorotricyclo[5,2,1,02,6]dec-8-ene and (1S,2S,3R,4S,6S,7S)-1,3,7,8-tetrachloro-4,9,10,10-tetrafluorotricyclo[5,2,1,02,6]dec-8-ene. Both ¶both molecules show higher BCF values than the formers. This would mean that organochlorine compounds which have fluorine atoms are storable. Besides, when we consider the fact that these molecules are more absorbent, (1R,2S,3S,4R,6R,7S)-3,8,10,10-tetrachloro-1,4,7,9-tetrafluorotricyclo[5,2,1,02,6]dec-8-ene and (1S,2S,3R,4S,6S,7S)-1,3,7,8-tetrachloro-4,9,10,10-tetrafluorotricyclo[5,2,1,02,6]dec-8-ene appear to be less accumulable and less toxic than (1S,2S,3R,6R,7R)-3,8,10,10-tetrachlorotricyclo[5,2,1.02,6]dec-8-eneand (1R,2R,3R,6R,7S)-3,8,7,8-tetrachloro-tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-8-ene.


Investigators at Universities of Chiete and Salerno, Italy, evaluated the neuropsychological profile of children with rolandic epilepsy (RE) at onset and of their healthy siblings.


Anxiety and depression account for more than half of the burden of disease caused by mental disorders. Anxiety and depression also co-occur highly with each other, with 69% of anxious individuals being diagnosed with depression and up to 75% of depressed individuals meeting criteria for an anxiety disorder. When different classes of disorders co-occur at such high rates, selecting an appropriate treatment approach can be challenging. Unlike most traditional disorder-specific treatments, transdiagnostic approaches target common features underlying symptoms in comorbid disorders. They are more time-efficient and cost effective, simplifying treatment for both the client and therapist, which could improve the quality of care and satisfy a great need in public health. This chapter focuses on interventions for transdiagnostic processes in emotional disorders. We reported results on underlying mechanisms involving transdiagnostic processes, and intervention strategies targeting transdiagnostic processes in populations with anxiety and depression.


A field experiment was conducted at the experimental area of Student"s Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during 2009-10, to study "Effect of different summer crops on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)". The treatments comprised of turmeric + one row of sathi moong with recommended fertilizer to sathi moong , turmeric + one row of sathi moong with no fertilizer to sathi moong, turmeric + one row of sathi moong with mulch, turmeric + one row of sathi maize with recommended fertilizer to sathi maize, turmeric + one row of sathi maize with no fertilizer to sathi maize, turmeric + one row of sathi maize with mulch, turmeric + one row of cowpea fodder, turmeric + one row of bajra fodder, turmeric + one row of maize fodder and sole turmeric. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The experimental field soil was loamy sand with low available nitrogen and organic carbon but medium in available phosphorus and potassium. The soil reaction (pH) and electrical conductivity were in normal range. The results indicated that different summer intercrops decrease the emergence, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number and weight of rhizome as compared to sole crop of turmeric except when turmeric was intercropped with sathi maize and sathi moong with mulch. Maximum fresh rhizome yield (176.36q ha -1 ) was obtained when turmeric was intercropped with sathi maize with mulch. The application of mulch depressed the weed dry matter accumulation as compared to other treatments. The applications of mulch increased all the growth parameters and ultimately yield of fresh, dry and processed rhizome as compared to sole crop of turmeric and other intercrop treatments. Maximum turmeric equivalent yield (188.7 q ha -1 ) was obtained when turmeric was intercropped with sathi moong with mulch. The effect of different treatments on curcumin content was non significant. Maximum net return of Rs.5,43,874 was obtained when turmeric was intercropped with sathi maize with mulch.


One approach to software reuse is to generate an application from a domain specific specification. The specification describes the application's problem or task, and it might take diverse forms, such as an interactive dialogue or a formal language. DECAdmire, an application generator provided by Digital Equipment, is an interactive application development tool that provides code generation for interactive management information-systems that involve relational database updates. DECAdmire provides 80 to 95 percent code reuse.<<ETX>>


All the region of the world is prone to natural disaster to greater or lesser extent such as flood, draught, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, hurricane, tornado etc. which causes destruction and disaster like situation, and Assam is not an exception. On 12th June, 1897 at around 5 P.M., this region was hit by a very severe earthquake with a magnitude of about 8.7 on the Richter scale. Probably one of the greatest in the modern history, the earthquake was confined not only to Assam and its adjoining areas, numbers of buildings in Calcutta were damaged or partially collapsed, and the tremor was felt up to Ahmadabad and Peshawar. The earthquake considerably damaged buildings, houses, roads, bridges, railroads, schools, churches, temples, monuments and government facilities, and about 1,540 people died. It had severe impact on the economy and demography of the region. It destroyed crops and granaries of the inhabitants resulted to increase in the price of the commodities. In several places a malignant kind of fever known as kala-azar prevailed leading to high mortality and low fertility. This article attempts to provide a narrative of the affect of earthquake of 1897 in the economy and demography of the region and the role of colonial government in the post-earthquake reconstruction.


This article presents a teaching suggestion, based in the use of computer simulations, for a topic of waves in secondary education. We describe its application in the level of 4o ESO, and we analyse the results about the students learning; also we consider the differences between this way of teaching and the traditional teaching


Objective: optimization of pregravid (pre-pregnancy) preparation in patients with tubal-peritoneal infertility factor and marked delay in endometrial development after unsuccessful assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment by the use of endometrium injection scratching technology with autoplasma. Material and methods. Study included 40 cases of unsuccessful treatment attempts for tubal-peritoneal factor infertility with severe delay of endometrial development and 10 patients with tubal-peritoneal factor infertility with normal endometrium with one or more unsuccessful ART attempts on history and the existence of cryopreserved embryos of satisfactory quality from previous cycles of assisted reproductive technology. The average age was 39.5 ± 3.1 years. Patients were divided into groups: I – 21 patients who underwent endometrial injection scratching and hormonе replacement therapy (HRT) with a standard (4/6 mg) dose of estradiol; II – 19 patients who were prescribed HRT with a standard (4/6 mg) dose of estradiol; control – 10 patients with normal endometrium who underwent cryo-ET with standard (4/6 mg) dose of estradiol. Clinical results were evaluated and compared in terms of pregnancy rate per embryo transfer and pregnancy loss rate in the first trimester. The correspondence of the morphofunctional structure of the endometrium was evaluated by ultrasound, cytologically, Doppler measurements, histologically, immunohistochemically and via selective electron microscopy. Endometrium was 8.9 ± 1.1 mm during the period of progesterone prescription in the cryoembryo transfer cycle. All participants were transferred day 5 embryos. Results. In the cryo-ET program autoplasma injection scratching in patients with marked delay of endometrial development after the first seven days of monotherapy with a starting dose of estradiol was accompanied by a significant improvement in clinical outcomes in terms of pregnancy rate (25%) and definite decrease of early reproductive losses (25%). Conclusions. After pre-pregnancy preparation according to our method, it is quite sufficient to perform HRT with a standard dose of estradiol (4/6 mg/day) before starting progesterone irrespective of the endometrial development degree. Meanwhile, injection scratching is advisable to be prescribed in cases of marked delay in the endometrium development and it should be combined with physiotherapy methods.


Abstract : The report summarizes the results of the FY65 operational analysis of the Tracor Experimental Very Low Frequency (VLF) Navigation System. This low-cost relative-ranging system utilizes existing VLF transmitters, provides worldwide navigational coverage, and is available now for operational use. Positional differences were derived by fix comparisons between VLF and systems such as Loran-A and Decca. The mean difference of all evaluation data was found to be as low as plus or minus 2.5 nautical miles. Until additional data is obtained, the final accuracy figures for the VLF System cannot be stated. Studies now underway do indicate that with proper operating procedures, equipment modification, and transmitter cooperation, attainable repeatabilities should be within a one sigma range of plus or minus 1.8 nautical miles. (Author)


This study aims to explore the extent of utilization of the ISTE standards for students in higher education. It also aims to examine the impact of some demographic variables (gender, specialization, and academic degrees) on implementing the ISTE standards for the students. The researcher used a questionnaire method to collect the data from the students of Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University and sent it to the 626 participants who consented affirmatively and included 614 valid responses from them. A correlational analysis was carried out, and the statistical findings highlight that most of the participants signaled to achieve ISTE standards positively, and the availability of the standards was positive. The findings revealed statistically significant differences in responses between male and female students in all standards, with females outperforming males. Female participants exhibited a higher orientation in the use and implementation of the standards. However, the students' specializations and their respective degree programs made no significant difference in implementing the standards. The research overall finds efficacy in implementing the ISTE standards in all the universities for both the students and the teachers. It is recommended to embed these standards in the regular curriculum of the university's degree programs and create a regular mechanism to enhance awareness and provide training to the users to ensure efficacy in improving the educational standards.


A new systematic review suggests that before and during pregnancy, women may not be following national and international dietary guidelines from major organizations.


In §§1,2, proofs are to be supplied by the reader, results under discussion are analogous to those in the NZM text, and the numbering is intended to emphasize the correspondence. One may view this unit as an introduction to finite fields, but in a very old-fashioned way, from the viewpoint of classical elementary number theory. Throughout, p is a fixed prime. Suppose that f(x) = ∑ aix i and g(x) = ∑ bix i are two polynomials. We must distinguish between the following two assertions:


As a part of our project, we have developed a HiperLAN2 based OFDM system which works with a 70 GHz front end. The main purpose of this paper is to study optimum parameters in order to realize a new OFDM based system that enables at least more than 100 Mbit/s. By using the actual measured propagation data, basic robustness comparison in the multipath environment for both OFDM and single carrier PSK system is discussed to show how OFDM is suitable for the 70 GHz multipath environment in order to pursue high data rate transmission. For the conclusion of this paper, an example of parameter optimization is performed under a 70 GHz indoor multipath environment.


Two cyanobacterial isolated strains were used to evaluate their biodegradation efficiency for petroleum hydrocarbons, Oscillatoria agardhii (non-heterocystis) and Anabaena spharica (heterocystis). Both cyanobacterial strains revealed a high algal biomass (expressed as chlorophyll "a" w g/l) in comparison with that obtained by the control culture. The n-alkanes (C 10 - C 24 ) were more readily degraded than polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by both strains. On the other hand, n-alkanes were reduced to 99.5% and PAHs to 97.5% in Anabaena culture. Significant (p < 0.05) negative correlation was observed between the microbial growth of Anabaena and the total concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons. The biodegradation rate of saturated and aromatic fractions was timedependent depending according to the cyanobacterial strains.


In this paper, we develop Gibbs sampling-based techniques for learning the optimal placement of contents in a cellular network. We consider the situation where a finite collection of base stations are scattered on the plane, each covering a cell (possibly overlapping with other cells). Mobile users request downloads from a finite set of contents according to some popularity distribution which may be known or unknown to the base stations. Each base station has a fixed memory space that can store only a strict subset of the contents at a time; hence, if a user requests content that is not stored at any of its serving base stations, the content has to be downloaded from the backhaul. Hence, we consider the problem of optimal content placement which minimizes the rate of download from the backhaul, or equivalently maximize the cache hit rate. It is known that, when multiple cells can overlap with one another (e.g., under dense deployment of base stations in small cell networks), it is not optimal to place the most popular contents in each base station. However, the optimal content placement problem is NP-complete. Using the ideas of Gibbs sampling, we propose simple sequential content update rules that decide whether to store content at a base station (if required from the base station) and which content has to be removed from the corresponding cache, based on the knowledge of contents stored in its neighboring base stations. The update rule is shown to be asymptotically converging to the optimal content placement for all nodes under the knowledge of content popularity. Next, we extend the algorithm to address the situation where content popularities and cell topology are initially unknown, but are estimated as new requests arrive to the base stations; we show that our algorithm working with the running estimates of content popularities and cell topology also converges asymptotically to the optimal content placement. Finally, we demonstrate the improvement in cache hit rate compared with the most popular content placement and independent content placement strategies via numerical exploration.


This paper introduces a improvement of potential-reduction interior-point algorithm to solve linearly con-strained convex programming.At the step of the algorithm that can't guarantee semi-definite Hessian Matrix,using the projection descent directions of potential functions substitute original algorithm.At last a group of examples are given.


In a recent study of infrared scattering by sunlit terrestrial clouds [Blau et al., 1965] we have observed scattering minima corresponding to characteristic absorption bands in bulk water and ice, the scattering efficiency being least at wavelengths where absorption is large. The effects are illustrated by the cloud radiance profiles in Figures 1 and 2. In both cases, cloud spectral radiance was computed by treating the cloud as a source, so that effects of atmospheric absorption over the sun-cloud-aircraft path are included. The records were taken with a spectrometer in a U-2 aircraft.


Sir: Inflammatory pseudotumour-like follicular dendritic cell (FDC) tumour is a rare neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of spindle to ovoid tumour cells showing morphological and immunophenotypical features of FDC with intense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. The tumour almost invariably involves the spleen or liver and is associated consistently with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. According to the sequence divergence of the EBNA-3 gene, EBV has two distinct strains, subtypes A and B. In addition, based on alignment to the EBV prototype B95-8 cell genome, several variants of EBV have been identified, such as the type 'f' variant with an additional BamHI restriction site (nucleotide: 55 718, GGATAC?GGATCC) at the BamHI-F region, loss of the XhoI restriction endonuclease site induced by a missense point mutation at nucleotide 169 425 (nucleotide sequence: 169 423–169 428; GAGCTC? GATCTC) in exon 1 of the LMP1 gene and 30 base pairs (bp) deleted-LMP1 (del-LMP1) within nucleotide sequence 168 341–168 322 and amino acid positions 346–355 in exon 3 of LMP1. Herein, we first analysed the EBV strain subtype and its genomic variation in 11 cases of inflammatory pseudotumourlike FDC tumour from Guangzhou, Southern of China, where nasopharyngeal carcinoma is endemic. As shown in Figure 1 and Table 1, all 11 cases (100%, 11 of 11) were EBV strain subtype A with a 153 bp amplification product. The result indicates that inflammatory pseudotumour-like FDC tumour is ethnically or geographically correlated, because all our cases were from Guangzhou, where the EBV strain subtype A is predominant. The EBV type 'f' variant was found in 63.6% (seven of 11) cases and type F was found in two cases (cases 9 and 11). It was interesting that two cases (cases 5 and 7) were both type F and 'f' variant which had three fragments of 198 bp, 127 bp and 71 bp. Cheng et al. have reported that the EBV type F was predominant in EBV-associated gastric lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma from southern China. The frequency of the EBV type 'f' variation might be related to a different tumour type. Only eight cases were amplified successfully, except cases 1, 5 and 10. Our results showed that only one case (case 4) was XhoI loss variant. Five cases (cases 2, 6, 7, 8 and 9) were XhoI wild-type. However, one case (case 3) was both XhoI wild-type and XhoI loss variant. Cheng et al. have reported that the EBV XhoI loss variant is predominant in EBV-associated gastric


BPC(Body Protection Compound) is newly isolated peptide with considerable organoprocetive effect on various experimentally induced lesions. Parenteral administration of cadmium induces testicular atrophy, renal dysfunction, hypertension, hepatic and CNS injury and peritonitis. Animals (rats and mice) werw treated with cadmium (400 mg/kg b.w.i.p.)five times, every 12 hours. BPC was applied as pretreatment (1 hour before) or posttreatmant (once a day over 7 or 14 days) 10 micrograms/kg i.p.. The volume and cellular content of peritoneal exudate was estameted as well as pathological change liver, spleen and parietal peritoneum. In both BPC-treatedgroups the exudate volume and number of cell was significantly decreased as compared to saline-treated controls. The cadmium-induced pathohistological change include severe midzonal and periportal necrosis of hepatocytes with hepatocellular jaundice, spleen haemorrhage and congestion and mixtocellular peritonitis with myositis and hyaline degeneration of abdominal muscles. BPC-pretreated animals had no signs of hepatocellular necrosis, spleen haemorrhage were significantly lesser degree. The postexposure treatmant with BPC had also a beneficial effect on pathohistological changes.


This paper addresses the vexed question of the outcome of the second horn of the dilemma of participation in Plato's Parmenides bringing in Sophist 257c7-d5 where the Eleatic Stranger accepts what he seems to reject in the Parmenides, namely that a Form can have parts and nevertheless remain one. Comparing Plato's treatment of parts of Forms in both passages, and in particular the relation among Being, Change and Rest at Sophist 250a8-c8, I argue that unlike in the Parmenides, in the Sophist, parts and wholes are seen as offering a structure that can explain how things that may, at first, appear unrelated nevertheless belong together.


: In the field of artificial intelligence, one of the challenging tasks is detecting real-time objects because it needs faster computation power to recognize the content at that moment. Here, a novel object recognition approach is proposed, which combines Single Shot Multi-Box Detection (SSD) with a lightweight network model known as MobileNet. SSD speeds up the classification of sub-windows by formulating the problem as a sequential decision process. Additionally, MobileNet provides better multi-scale handling to detect objects of all sizes without rescaling the input image. This speed-up builds upon the scale invariance property of image statistics in natural images that offers a powerful relationship for approximating feature responses of adjacent scales. Experimental results showed that this combination of MobileNet with the SSD template, which is the proposed novelty of the research, improves the level of validity when recognizing real-time household objects.


It has been proven that polyolefins specially low density polyethylene (LDPE), are resistant against degradation and microorganism attacks; Thus, one of the most important properties of industrial plastics, is their environmental biodegradability. Since plastics are being widely used in agriculture, horticulture and packaging, meeting this requirement becomes increasingly dificult (specially in IRAN as one of the biggest manufacturers of polyethylene materials).So, attention is focussed on production  of  biodegradable polyethylene. In this study, some different formulations based on starch and urea for making polyethylenes which are biodegradable in soil and moist media, have been investigated. The compounds produced are injection molded, and tested under natural conditions and their biodegradability has been studied. It has been thus possible to produce a biodegradable low-density polyethylene which is environmentally biodegradable material that is suitable for agriculture and packaging applications.


This paper proposes an encoding/decoding framework for achieving the optimal channel capacities of the two-user broadcast channel where each user (receiver) has the message targeted for the other user (receiver) as side information. Since the link qualities of the channels from the base station to the two users are different, their respective single-user non-broadcast channel capacities are also different. A goal is to simultaneously achieve/approach the single-user non-broadcast channel capacities of the two users with a single broadcast transmission by applying network coding. This is referred to as the rate-diverse wireless network coding problem. For this problem, this paper presents a capacity-achieving framework based on linear-structured nested lattice codes. The significance of the proposed framework, besides its theoretical optimality, is that it suggests a general design principle for linear rate-diverse wireless network coding going beyond the use of lattice codes. We refer to this design principle as the principle of virtual single-user channels. Guided by this design principle, we propose two implementations of our encoding/decoding framework using practical linear codes amenable to decoding with affordable complexities: the first implementation is based on Low Density Lattice Codes (LDLC) and the second implementation is based on Bit-interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM). These two implementations demonstrate the validity and performance advantage of our framework.


This study investigates the feasibility of identifying the axial position of circumferential defects in laminated pipeline structures based on damage indices. Wavelet packet decomposition is combined with damage indices, and the effects of dual defects with the same circumferential position but different axial positions, as well as dual defects with different circumferential and axial positions, on damage indices are separately studied. Our aim was to determine the potential to use damage indices to identify the axial position of circumferential defects in laminated pipeline structures. ABAQUS finite element analysis software was used to establish models of laminated pipeline structures with single defects and dual defects (with the same circumferential position but different axial positions, and with different circumferential and axial positions). The laminated pipeline structure was composed of a steel pipe (structural layer), a rigid polyurethane foam (insulation layer), and a high-density polyethylene (anticorrosion layer). The received sensing signals were averaged, and subjected to 5-level wavelet packet decomposition, to calculate the damage index values, which were then organized into a damage index matrix. Based on the trend of changes in the damage index matrix, the effects of variations in the number and circumferential position of the defects on the identification of the axial position of the damage were analyzed. The results indicate that the trend in damage index changes is influenced by the number of defects, and the increase in the circumferential distance between the second and the piezoelectric element sensor. This study found that when 1.7λ≤PD≤3.4λ, Idouble defect 90°<Isingle defect<Idouble defect 0°; when 3.7λ≤PD≤4λ, Idouble defect 90°<0.3<Idouble defect 0°<Isingle defect. This article demonstrates that the identification of the axial position of damage in laminated pipeline structures can be achieved using the damage index values in the damage index matrix. Additionally, this damage identification method overcomes the limitation of the wavelet packet's inability to identify dual defects with relatively small relative axial distances. This provides new ideas and methods for finite element analysis in identifying the axial position of damage in laminated pipeline structures.


To increase productivity and product quality in software development, companies invest in qualification of their engineers, improvement of their development processes and many other approaches. We believe that in addition a much more powerful way to go in the above direction is to try new complementary organizational forms of how people work together. Specifically the network form seems to fit modern daily practice and surrounding conditions. The patterns described in this paper are from a pattern language under development at our company. The central pattern "Virtual Organization Units" was first introduced and reviewed in the "Pattern Writing Workshop at the University of Vienna '99" with Coldewey, Coplien, Keller, Schwanninger, the others have been developed since then. Common Context This collection of patterns are particularly applicable to big Information Technology and Telecommunication companies with vertical organizational structures, otherwise known as business units. Every business unit covers a specific market segment and technological know how (domain know how like telecommunication networks, telecommunication management networks, bank & assurance, traffic control (air, train, vehicle, etc.). An already established practice of working in well organized projects. Common Problem An Institution wants just-in-time support for software projects for specific technology areas and proactive technology management in "cross cut" technologies. It is too expensive to organize it through dedicated company departments.


Improving aerodynamic models for adverse loss-of-control conditions in flight is an area being researched under the NASA Aviation Safety Program. Aerodynamic models appropriate for loss of control conditions require a more general mathematical representation to predict nonlinear unsteady behaviors. As more general aerodynamic models are studied that include nonlinear higher order effects, the possibility of measurements that confound aerodynamic and structural responses are probable. In this study an initial step is taken to look at including structural flexibility in analysis of rigid-body forced-oscillation testing that accounts for dynamic rig, sting and balance flexibility. Because of the significant testing required and associated costs in a general study, it makes sense to capitalize on low cost analytical methods where possible, especially where structural flexibility can be accounted for by a low cost method. This paper provides an initial look at using linear lifting surface theory applied to rigid-body aircraft roll forced-oscillation tests.


The human activities that cause untreated wastewater, sewage water, and rubbish to contaminate water bodies pose a danger to natural water supplies. Monitoring water quality is essential for protecting water resources and ensuring that only clean water is available for consumption. This study assesses the performance of several machine learning methods, including deep learning models, support vector machines, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbours, Decision Trees, Random Forests, and Logistic Regression. The findings show that Random Forests performed better than other machine learning methods, with an accuracy of 79.6093%. With an accuracy of 70.9402%, deep learning models also demonstrated encouraging results.


Authors′ Affiliations: US Chinese Anti-Cancer Association; Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Corresponding Authors: Li Yan, US Chinese Anti-Cancer Association. Tel: +1-610-213-7025; Email: email@example.com. Helen X. Chen, Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) National Cancer Institute (NCI), 6130 Executive Blvd, EPN 7131, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Tel: +1-240-276-6106; Email: firstname.lastname@example.com. doi: 10.5732/cjc.014.10153 Li Yan and Helen X. Chen


Bone grafts are the second most common tissue transplanted. With advances in the treatment of musculoskeletal tumors, limb salvage surgery, with its concomitant demand for bone graft, has increased significantly. This study aims to evaluate current scenario for bone donation in north India. This study was done in bone bank, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan. Inclusion and exclusion criteria of bone donors were followed as per the APASTB standards of tissue banking. Bone was retrieved from deceased donor and live donors after proper consent and counselling in this institute during period 01 January 2021 to 31 January 2022. During the period of study bones were retrieved from 26 donors – 24 live donors and 2 cadavers. Out of 24 live donors 20 were femoral head, 2 tibia and fibula and 2 hemi-radius and hemi-ulna. All donors were between 28-71-year age group and mean age was 56 years. 18 males and 8 females participated in study. There is huge difference between demand and supply of bone allograft in this region of country. There is lack of initiative from government for encouraging people to donate bone along with other organ and tissue donations. Lack of infrastructure for to and fro transport of bone retrieval from deceased and live donors to storage unit results in loss of bone samples. Less trained personnel and sufficiently low coordination between various institutes. Concerns of family members and misconceptions to be addressed properly to reduce morbidity burden in society.


[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to comprehensively compare and appraise quality of indica rice resources introduced from the IRRI for their effective use in breeding programs.[Method]The principal component and cluster analysis of main agronomic traits of 118 indica rice resources were carried out using DPS software.[Result]The results showed that the six major factors,viz.,grain shape,grain weight,grain length,seed setting,plant height and maturity contributed to 85.1973% cumulative rate in trait variation in the principal component analysis.Based on principal component vectors,118 introduced materials were grouped into 3 major types.The first group containing 34 materials was characterized by dwarf stems,multiple panicles and long-grains,the second one containing 49 materials had long stem and long panicles,and showed late maturity and less tillering.The third group containing 35 materials was characterized by semi-dwarf stem,small panicle size,high seed setting and early maturity.[Conclusion]The principal component and other information may be used for cluster analysis of major factors for more effective use of introduced germplasm resources.


During the germination phase of a #Santalum austrocaledonicum# progeny trial, important and unexpected differences occurred in the germination rates between two provenances. The "Ile des Pins" provenance conformed with expectations, previous experimentations and routine germination (55% after two years' storage). By contrast, the unstudied "Mare" provenance failed completely (one lot had a 19% germination rate; the others, nothing after 15 months' storage in identical conditions). Germination rate seems to correlate with mean seed-size of a provenance. This may be significant since the seeds of other #Santalum# species and varieties of the South Pacific look more like the Mare, even though the only large experiment was conducted on the Ile des Pins provenance. Present projects of genetic diversity conservation or species/provenance trials in South Pacific countries should be aware of that result, and test their seed lots regularly in order to minimise loss of costly material. (Resume d'auteur)


The aim of the present work was to explore the influence of consumer characteristics on purchase decisions when facing products with nutritional warnings a few days after their implementation in Uruguay. A non-probabilistic sample of 917 participants was obtained using an advertisement on social media. Participants were asked if they had seen the warning signs when making their food purchases and if they had seen the warnings on any product they intended to buy. Participants who answered affirmately (n= 616) were asked about their purchase decision by answering the question "What have you done with the product?" using the following response options: 'I purchased it anyway', 'I purchased a similar product with fewer excess signs', 'I purchased a similar product without excess signs', 'I didn't purchase the product or any similar one'. Univariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used to explore the influence of individual variables on participants' likelihood of having taken different decisions when facing a product with warnings. Results showed that participants older than 55 years were more likely to react to the warnings by purchasing a similar product with fewer warnings or by not purchasing any product. Likelihood of modifying purchase decisions due to the inclusion of the warnings was associated with a frequent consumption of natural and minimally processed foods and a low consumption frequency of ultra-processed products. These results provide insights to target efforts to promote the use of nutritional warnings in decision making.


The aim of this study was to determine and compare differences in physical, chemical and sensory post-mortem changes between wild (W) and farmed (F) gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Ungutted fish were stored in ice from harvesting up to 20 days and freshness indicators were analyzed at regular intervals. Proximate composition of the samples differed in lipid (W = 0.86 ± 0.12 ; F = 4.18 ± 0.16) and moisture content (W = 79.12 ± 0.48 ; F = 74.50 ± 0.82). Data from sensory evaluation were described using linear regression models. Sensory schemes for cooked and raw fish were found to be suitable in establishing specific attribute deterioration and shelf life duration (W = 14 days ; F = 17 days). Changes in pH and dielectric properties were influenced by differences in lipid content, while changes in total volatile base nitrogen and trimethylamine showed high correlation with sensory assessment and storage time, but stayed below the acceptance limit for human consumption (W : 24.47 mg TVB-N ⁄ 100 g and 4.14 mg TMA-N ⁄ 100 g ; F : 26.18 mg TVB-N ⁄ 100 g and 3.84 mg TMA-N ⁄ 100 g), and thus were notreliable indicators of quality changes during storage in ice. Deterioration of flesh lipids, assessed by thiobarbituric acid index, differed between the samples, but presented no serious problem during storage time. In order to determine the importance of individual results, all obtained data were submitted to principal component analysis. Variations in sensory, physical and chemical assessment were described by PC1 (storage time) ; variations in lipid and moisture content were described by PC2 (capture grounds). A clear separation of the investigated samples, according to the storage time and capture grounds, was observed.


Adipocytes were isolated from epididymal fat pads from the same rats by the method of Rodbell [4] and resuspended in Krebs bicarbonate buffer containing 4% (w/v) bovine serum albumin and 0.1 mM-D-glucose. Aliquots of cell suspension were preincubated for either IS min (myocytes) or 10 min (adipocytes) with or without insulin. Transport was started by the addition of [3H]-2deoxy-11-glucose and stopped either after 10 min by addition o f ice-cold phloretin solution (myocytes) or 5 min by centrifugation through dinonylphthalate (adipocytes). Radioactivity was measured in the cell pellets and corrected for trapped extracellular medium.


i Acknowledgements iii Declaration iv List of Tables v List of Figures vi Table of content ix 1. Literature review and introduction 1 1.1 Amphibian conservation 1 1.2 Typical amphibian survey methods 2 1.3 Scent detection 4 1.3.1 Origin of scent 4 1.3.2 Scent detection dogs 5 1.3.3. Operant conditioning 6 1.4 Concealment and hibernation in fogs 7 1.4.1 Giant Bullfrog 8 1.4.2 Amathola toad 10 1.5 Public interested in amphibian conservation 11 1.6 Problem statement and hypothesis 12 1.7 Aim and objectives 12 1.8 Chapter division 13 2. Material and Methods 14 2.1 Terminology 14 2.2 Materials 15 2.3 Obtaining the right sniffer dog 16 2.4 Husbandry and care 17 2.4.1 Border collie 17 x 2.4.2 Amphibians 19 2.5 Scent detection training 20 2.5.1 Plank Training (Dilutions) 21 2.5.2 Disturbance and outdoor training 22 2.5.3 Matching scent detection training 23 2.5.3 Depth training 23 2.5.4 Dog scent tracking 26 2.6 Operant experimentation 26 2.7 Statistical analyses of data 27 2.8 Locating Bullfrogs and assessing soil preferences 28 2.8.1 Sniffer dog surveys 28 2.8.2 Collection and analysing soil samples 30 2.8.3 Creating geographic maps 30 2.9 Amathole toad survey 31 2.10 Amphibian chytrid trials 31 2.11 Educating and creating awareness 32 3. Results 33 3.1 Olfactory tests with diluted scent 33 3.2 Effects of disturbances on detection accuracy 33 3.2.1 Frog scent disturbance 33 3.2.2 Human scent disturbance 35 3.3 Ability to track frogs scent and detect buried frog scent 36 3.4 Ways to preserve scent 38 3.5 Comparison of detection accuracy for different types of tests 39 3.6 Role of plank training on outcome of detection accuracy 39 3.6.1 Outcome of false indications 40 3.6.2 Outcome of missed indications 41


Purpose – To inform readers how creativity and fresh ideas can aid an established institution to meet specialized information needs.Design/methdology/approach – This is an introduction to a new library at an established aquarium that is now engaged with a new mission, leadership and is doing a variety of outreach activities.Findings – New ideas are really the key to success in this virtual library visit. The librarian is seeking to renew the role of service and outreach by building the collection and giving the institution and library a more digital identity.Practical implications – Reinforcing a positive approach to service, preservation and archival standards while building a core collection is essential.Originality/value – Provides information of value to library management.


Fluid lubrication and mixed lubrication can both be phenomena in the study of the lubrication of rough surfaces. In this paper, we take the surface as random process and, by studying the contact of surfaces which present roughness, we can put forward a method which defines the transition from fluid lubrication to mixed lubrication, by looking for the first contact point between the two surfaces. This study suggests that the transition between fluid and mixed lubrication relates to the number of asperities on the contacting surfaces, an advance on former methods. We also apply this method to piston ring/cylinder lubrication research. The results show that the transition changes with time.


An action-theoretical approach to the evaluation of career development programs is based on a constructionist epistemology and extends recent developments in the career and program development fields. Propositions for an action-theoretical perspective centre around career and action as related, interpretative constructs. These propositions give rise to implications and questions for the evaluation of career programs that address, among others, the ongoing nature of programs and career processes, and the social bases for career action that occurs in career programs.


Where were the first pagans accepted into the Church? According to the generally accepted reading of Act 11:20, in Antioch of Syria. How and by whom? Probably by Stephen's disciples, after a charismatic experience similar to the one we are told in Cornelius' story. When did this event take place? According to Acts (11:26ff.), one or two years before a prophecy about a general famine led Paul and Barnabas to Jerusalem. But this prophecy was probably delivered in 40 AD, during the crisis which broke out after Caligula's decision to erect his own statue in the Temple. Indeed, some clues indicate that the unexpected issue of this crisis, which was disappointing for their eschatological expectations, led the Judaeo-Christians of Syria to this conclusion: now, they had to preach the Gospel to the pagans. This revelation provoked some times afterwards the trip of Paul and Barnabas to Jerusalem, where they presented the Gospel they announced to the Gentiles. All this obviously compels us to understand the chronological indication of Gal 2:1 in another way than it is usually exposed.


Proper disinfection is crucial to interrupt the environmental spread of many viruses. In the case of new and emerging viruses still awaiting culture and full characterization, it is proposed that any official recommendations for disinfectant use be based on the well-established hierarchy of susceptibility to such chemicals as related to virus particle size and structure.


Jeju Olle" is the name of a series of walking trails (26 courses, totaling approximately 410km) located in Jeju Island, South Korea. "Olle" means "an alley to a village" in the dialect of the island. Ms. Myung-sook Suh has played a central role in the construction of Jeju Olle and serves as the president of the Jeju Olle Foundation, a non-profit organization. The first course of Jeju Olle was constructed in September 2007, and volunteers helped to extend and complete all the courses in November 2012. Olle is maintained by revenue from membership fees, company sponsorships, and sales of original brand products. In 2007, 3000 people came to walk on Olle, and since then the annual number of Olle walkers has increased significantly; every year since 2011 there have been over one million visitors, and this has brought about a new trend in tourism business. One of the main reasons for the increase in popularity in South Korea of the walking tours to Jeju Olle is the reduction in cost and improved access associated with an increase in the number of LCC flights from 2008. Jeju Olle has won praise both at home and abroad, and is a successful new business model of sports tourism, combining factors such as business management by non-profit organizations and activation of the regional econo-


It is strict with the requirement of the pointing and superposition of observation area in ground for spacecraft formation InSAR.To satisfy the requirement,an approach computing the relative attitude is presented.And the expected attitude of the follower spacecraft is determined.Based on them,tow controllers are designed: semi-states feedback controller and output feedback controller as well as angular velocity filters.Simulation results show that two approaches can accomplish relative attitude control of spacecraft formation InSAR.


The dynamics of the human sex ratio has two thematic interpretations. One interpretation is that the sperm essentially operate independently of each other and gender determination at conception is approximated by a coin-flip analogy. This interpretation forms the basis of Weinbergs Rule. The second interpretation is that the womans ecological situation biases her toward/away from androsperm or gynosperm i.e. sperm do not operate independently of each other at conception (or differential mortality occurs as a function of gender during gestation). This interpretation forms the basis of the notion that the human sex ratio is facultative....Data have been gathered by adherents to support both interpretations. The conundrum of potentially mutually exclusive explanations being simultaneously accepted is examined. (EXCERPT)


The two main anti-oxidation enzymes,cytochrome P450(CYP 450) and glutathione S-transferase(GST),play an important role in transforming and metabolizing toxicants.To explore the reproductive toxicity and mechanism in testis of Rana nigromaculata by cadmium,the healthy adult frogs were exposed to 0.005,0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1.0 mg·L-1of cadmium,respectively,for 30 days.The activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin-Odeethylase(EROD),erythromycin N-demethylase(ERND),aminopyrence N-demethylase(APND) and glutathione S-transferase(GST) in the testis of Rana nigromaculata were measured by UV spectrophotometry and fluorospectrophotometry.The protein carbonyl content was assessed with 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine and the amount of DNA-protein crosslink was assayed with KCI-SDS,and the ROS level in the liver was also detected.The results showed that the EROD and GST activity was inhibited significantly in 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L-1cadmium-treated group compared with control group.The ERND activity at the dosages of 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5 and 1.0 mg·L-1all significantly inhibited compared with that of the control,and APND activity did not change in all Cd groups compared to control.These results show that EROD,ERND and GST activity were more sensitive to cadmium than APND activity.This experiment indicated that the EROD,ERND and GST activity in the testis could be used as an alarming index for evaluating the chronic stress of low concentrations of cadmium in the environment.


Introduction: KPC and NDM carbapenemases production is an important enzymatic mechanism of resistance to carbapenens in bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. These enzymes degrade virtually all beta-lactam antibiotics and are encoded by the blaKPC and blaNDM genes, which can be in mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and transposons. Objectives: This study evaluated the positivity rate of the presence of blaKPC and blaNDM genes in carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria received at the Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL) of São José do Rio Preto, Brazil and determined the epidemiological data related to the patients whose isolates were recovered. Methods: From June 2015 to April 2019, bacterial isolates were obtained from different hospitals located in five municipalities in São José do Rio Preto region. In the bacteriology and molecular biology laboratory, DNA extraction and real-time PCR were performed to investigate the blaKPC and blaNDM genes. Afterwards, epidemiological data were surveyed such as the municipality of origin, age, and gender of the patients whose bacterial isolates were recovered. Results: A total of 934 enterobacteria isolates were recovered from the different hospitals. Of these; 93.4% were positive for blaKPC, with 96.3%, 1.85%, and 1.85% of the isolates belonged to the Klebsiella genus, Enterobacter genus, and Escherichia coli species, respectively. Also, 52.5% and 84.4% of the isolates were obtained from women and elderly patients, respectively. The blaNDM gene was detected only in three isolates, two of which originated from surveillance cultures. Conclusion: Therefore, KPC-producing enterobacteria are widespread in all health units of the five municipalities that were studied, suggesting that the blaKPC-carrying Klebsiella sp. isolates may be endemic in these institutions. Additionally, there is a significant role of surveillance cultures in preventing the spread of resistance genes, as observed for blaNDM in this study.


The use of 3D LiDAR, which has proven its capabilities in autonomous driving systems, is now expanding into many other fields. The sharing and transmission of point cloud data from 3D LiDAR sensors has broad application prospects in robotics. However, due to the sparseness and disorderly nature of this data, it is difficult to compress it directly into a very low volume. A potential solution is utilizing raw LiDAR data. We can rearrange the raw data from each frame losslessly in a 2D matrix, making the data compact and orderly. Due to the special structure of 3D LiDAR data, the texture of the 2D matrix is irregular, in contrast to 2D matrices of camera images. In order to compress this raw, 2D formatted LiDAR data efficiently, in this paper we propose a method which uses a recurrent neural network and residual blocks to progressively compress one frame's information from 3D LiDAR. Compared to our previous image compression based method and generic octree point cloud compression method, the proposed approach needs much less volume while giving the same decompression accuracy. Potential application scenarios for point cloud compression are also considered in this paper. We describe how decompressed point cloud data can be used with SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) as well as for localization using a given map, illustrating potential uses of the proposed method in real robotics applications.


Inorganic antibacterial agent containing silver was applied to the preparation of antibacterial masterbatches for PP-R tubing.The influence of antibacterial masterbatches on the antibacterial property, mechanical property,light-resistance and hygienic safety of PP-R tubings was investigated.The results showed that antibacterial masterbatches were verified as the grade of non-observered toxicity, and the antibacterial activities of the PP-R antibacterial tubing were improved with the increase of the content of the antibacterial masterbatches.The antibacterial PP-R tubing showed excellent rate of properties/prices by adding 4 wt% of the antibacterial masterbatches,in which the surface-modified inorganic antibacterial agents well dispersed in PP-R matrix when the content of antibacterial agent was 1 wt%.The antibacterial PP-R tubings had good antibacterial properties and broad spectrum by adding 4 wt% of the antibacterial masterbatches,in which the antibacterial rates were all above 99% towards Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,et al.The antibacterial activities of the antibacterial PP-R tubing decreased not obviously when the tubing was dippped in 55 ℃ deionized water for 16 h,having antibacterial properties of long-acting;the antibacterial tubing showed good light-resistance after 240 h light-ageing test with the aberration of 1.36;the antibacterial agents had almost no effect on the mechanical properties of PP-R tubings in the experimental range,and the hygienic safety of the tubing was in accords with national relevant test standard of food and sanitation.


Introduction: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare melanoma; only 5% of cases at initial presentation have distant metastasis. As approximately 50% of patients will develop metastatic disease, there is a need to detect minimal residual disease (MRD). Liquid biopsy using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been evaluated in multiple tumors; high CTC count predicts for increased risk of metastasis. We conducted a pilot study to check feasibility of CTCs in UM and evaluate if CTCs vary with risk status in early-stage UM.
 Methods: We enrolled 40 UM patients ≥18 years, after obtaining informed consent in an IRB-approved protocol from 12/1/2014 to 2/1/2018. Peripheral blood was obtained to detect CTCs using CellSearch Circulating Melanoma Cell Assay. Demographic information, mutational analysis, date of diagnosis of primary UM or metastasis, and dates of CTC collection were collected. Risk stratification was done by gene expression profiling (GEP) by DecisionDX-UM assay. Landmark overall survival (OS) was calculated using "Landest" R package comparing CTC detected vs. not detected in early-stage UM.
 Results: 39 patients were available for analysis. Median age of whole cohort was 52 years (20-83 years), 100% were non-Hispanic Caucasians, and 44% were male and 56% female. 20 patients had early-stage vs. 19 patients had metastatic disease at enrollment. 87% (13/15) of early-stage disease had class II disease. GNAQ & GNA11 mutations were present in 36% (12/39) and 13% (5/29), respectively. At initial blood draw, 36% of the patients had detectable CTCs [30% (6/20) in early stage vs. 42% (8/19) in metastatic], which increased to 54% at median study follow-up of 16.4 months [40% (8/20) in early stage vs. 68% (13/19) in metastatic]. Mean CTCs were higher in metastatic (9) vs. early stage (1.83) (p>0.05). 5 patients in early-stage disease developed distant metastasis; 60% (3/5) had detectable CTCs before radiographic detection of metastasis. Out 5, 80% had class II disease and 20% had unknown GEP. Landmark overall survival (from study enrollment) at 24 months was statistically worse in CTC detected vs. not detected in early-stage UM (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: CTCs are more frequently detected in metastatic compared to early-stage UM. In early-stage UM, presence of CTCs predicts for increased risk of metastatic disease and is associated with worse outcome.
 Citation Format: Jason Roszik, Dan Gombos, Joshua Upshaw, Vanessa Sarli, Salyna Meas, Anthony Lucci, Carolyn Hall, Sapna Patel, Kartik Anand. Presence of circulating tumor cells is an adverse risk factor for early-stage uveal melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Melanoma: From Biology to Target; 2019 Jan 15-18; Houston, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A12.


On the doctrine of res judicata,scholars usually emphasize its effectiveness of confirming a former final judgement but ignore its relativity.Through analyzing the significance of relativity in res judicata,the performance of relativity and the causes of relativity in res judicata,the author points out the rule that the Res Judicata system is with the relativity in wholly,and tries to find out the way to control it.


[Objective]To observe the effect of acute and chronic ethanol intake on the peripheral blood cell and the membrane(Na+,K+)-ATPase activity of red blood cell.[Methods]Sixteen healthy rabbits were selected.Out of them,8 healthy rabbits were given with 500 ml·L-1 concentration ethanol(according to 0.5g·kg-1 weigh)via intravenous injection;another eight rabbits were recruited as control group and to inject physiological saline equalized volume of ethanol dosage.In addition,18 healthy SD rats were collected,9 rats of them were daily given with 500 ml·L-1 concentration ethanol(according to 0.5g·kg-1.day-1)via intragastric administration for 15 days.Another nine were recuited as control to replaced ethanol by physiological saline equalized volume of ethanol dosage.The blood of rats and rabbits were collected to observe the blood routine and the membrane(Na+,K+)-ATPase activity of red blood cell.[Results]The acute intravenous injection of ethanol could cause RBC of peripheral blood in rabbits and obviously reduce the blood platelets count,while increase the mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,and showed no significant effect on the membrane(Na+,K+)-ATPase activity of red blood cell.In the contrary,the leucocyte count,haematoglobin concentration,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,and the membrane(Na+,K+)-ATPase activity of red blood cell of peripheral blood in rats were significantly increased after using ethanol intake via intragastric administration,while the blood platelets count showed significantly decreased.[Conclusion]The ethanol intake time and accumulated frequency have different extent effect on the peripheral blood.


The self-assembly of globular protein-polymer diblock copolymers represents a promising technology for protein nanopatterning. The self-assembled materials have a high density of proteins and internal nanostructures that serve as continuous transport pathways for substrates, products, cofactors, and/or charges. The polymer block can act as a protective matrix for the protein, improving its stability and longevity in materials. The self-assembly of protein-polymer diblock copolymers is substantially different from that of traditional synthetic diblock copolymers due to the globular and rigid shape, heterogeneous composition, and anisotropic interactions of proteins. This thesis focuses on the control of nanostructures in self-assembled materials with a goal to gain a better understanding of the governing principles in self-assembly. This thesis presents experimental studies on the effect of modulated interactions between protein and polymers on the self-assembly of globular protein-polymer block copolymers. Bioconjugates composed of a model red fluorescent protein, mCherry, and a synthetic homopolymer with different chemical moieties are synthesized. Modulated interactions between protein and polymer by introducing polymer blocks with different hydrogen bonding capabilities change order-disorder transition concentrations in solution and the type of nanostructures formed. Bioconjugates with a weakly segregating polymer block are found to form a double gyroid structure with Ia~d symmetry, as opposed to perforated lamellae of bioconjugates with a strongly segregating polymer block. Common phase behaviors are also revealed, including the order of lyotropic order-order transitions and a re-entrant disordering behavior at high concentrations. Birefringence of the disordered solutions with increasing protein fraction suggests the formation of a nematic liquid crystalline phase arising from protein interactions. Self-assembly of proteinzwitterionic polymer bioconjugates shows that electrostatic segregation of mCherry constitutes one of the major driving forces for microphase separation. Nanostructures of the conjugates are further controlled by changing solvent selectivity. Important considerations in preparing bioconjugate thin films are also presented and discussed. Surface effects as well as kinetics such as solvent evaporation rate and film coating speed are shown to have a large impact on the long-range order of self-assembled nanostructures. Thesis supervisor: Bradely D. Olsen, Paul M. Cook Career Development Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering


In this paper we introduce a new modeling paradigm for developing decision process representation called decision process Petri net (DPPN). It extends the place-transitions Petri net (PN) theoretic approach including the Markov decision processes. PNs are used for process representation taking advantage of the formal semantic and the graphical display. We optimized the utility function used for trajectory planning in the DPPN by a Lyapunov-like function, obtaining as result new characterizations for final decision points (optimum point). Illustrative examples where Lyapunov-like function properties are shown to hold are given. AMS Subject Classification: 62C99, 91A35, 91B06, 93D05, 39A05, 39A11


— From several years till now the aerospace industry is developing more and more small satellites for Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) missions. Such satellites have a low cost of making and launching since they have a size and weight smaller than other types of satellites. However, because of size limitations, small satellites need integrated electronic equipment based on digital logic. Moreover, the LEOs require telecommunication modules with high throughput to transmit to earth a big amount of data in a short time. In order to meet such requirements, in this paper we propose a Telemetry, Tracking & Command module optimized through the use of the Commercial Off-The-Shelf components. The proposed approach exploits the major flexibility offered by these components in reducing costs and optimizing the performance. The method has been applied in detail for the design of the front-end receiver, which has a low noise figure (1.5 dB) and DC power consumption (smaller than 2 W). Such a performance is particularly attractive since it allows fulfilling the energy budget stringent constraints that are typical for LEO small platforms.


The Ohio State University recently transitioned from a quarter academic calendar to a semester academic calendar which opened the doors for curriculum and course renovation. Instructors and designers of a hands-on laboratory in Mechanical Engineering were challenged with the task of increasing enrollment while improving quality of instruction and maintaining cost per student. Two historically contrasting learning theories, Objectivism and Constructivism, were used together with flipped and blended classroom techniques to result in an effective course that appeals to various learning styles. Enrollment issues were relieved by the integration of anytime/anyplace laboratories. Pre-lab activities including simulated laboratories, theoretical models, relevant public videos, and social media helped boost the class to achieve greater excellence. Experiential learning activities allowed students to obtain a real-life experience using the topics within the course. The course design focused on interactive engagement, peer teaching, and continuous feedback. The techniques implemented increased student awareness of how course topics are applied in everyday life. Course evaluation comments revealed that students felt confident and motivated to use course topics outside of class and appreciated having flexible learning options. INTRODUCTION AND METHODS The faculty and staff associated with a junior level measurements course in Mechanical Engineering at The Ohio State University were posed with the task of increasing enrollment from an average of seventy students to, at present, three hundred students. This task was difficult due the length of the lab (3 hours), the number of lab apparatus (6), and necessary equipment maintenance. Supplementary to hands-on laboratories, strategies were put in place to utilize numerous methods of anytime/anyplace learning, experiential learning, interactive engagement, and flipped classroom techniques. Specific strategies, as discussed below, were designed to help with enrollment and space issues while others were developed to focus on quality of teaching. The resulting course has a weekly lecture, following the objectivism theory, and a weekly lab activity, focusing on constructivism theory. Simulated Labs and Theoretical Calculations A typical lab course has students come to a lab to run through an experiment then go home to analyze the data and write a report. When thinking of this in terms of Blooms Taxonomy, the students were Applying, Analyzing and Evaluating before Remember and Understanding. To build the learning pyramid properly and increase depth of knowledge, it was decided to have students complete anytime/anyplace pre-lab activities each week before coming to class. Pre-lab exercises ranged from developing and analyzing a theoretical model to interacting with simulated graphical user interface (GUI) models of the system. When students arrive at lab, they have an idea of how the system works, realistic numbers they should obtain from the experiment and have a general feel of desired educational outcomes from the experiment. Student comments show that they like increased familiarization of an experiment before starting the hands-on work and they are more confident they will leave the lab with adequate knowledge and data to write a report. Teaching associates noticed that


The present article is based on a talk I gave at the National Conference on PDE and Applications in Coimbatore, in March 2005. It includes a general motivation for the function spaces approach to dierential equations, some motivating examples for studying variable exponent spaces, and an overview of results on the p(x)-Laplace equation.


X-ray apparatus (1) comprising an X-ray source and a digital detector, both arranged so as to face and aligned. Said X-ray apparatus (1) is adapted to obtain an X-ray image of an object (2) which is arranged between the X-ray source and the digital detector. The digital detector is arranged rotatable about an axis of rotation. The X-ray apparatus (1) also comprises projection means projects outside the X-ray, indicating the orientation of the digital detector.


Objective To discuss the new method of inspection on entry passengers through the analysis of the disposal of an entry foreign passenger who are infected by HIV.Methods We analyse, summarize the whole process when a foreign passenger who are HIV carrier are found,investigated, supervised and warded out of the frontier.And We evaluate the disposal measures at the same time. Result The process of this emergency disposal is that the patient are founded timely,personnel are organized strictly,the method used are proper and the laws used are correct.Conclusion We should strengthen medical inspection emphatically.The range of inspection should include the whole supervision area where passengers enter.We should strengthen the cooperation with the customs office,immigration office,ports office,airline company etc.And increase the power of flack on related laws,regulations of inspection and quarantine and all kind of infectious diseases.


In the current study attempt to explore phytochemical components from the various solvents such as ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of the whole plant of Eclipta prostrata L by Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GCMS). 100gms of the powdered sample was exposed to the sox let extraction monitored by rotary evaporator and investigated using PerkinElmer GC-MS. In which the antibacterial activities were determined by using ethanolic extract of this plant. The GC-MS analysis revealed the existence of various compounds with peak area like 2cyclopentene-1-tri Dacanoic acid, Octa hydropentalen-1-ol,Tri6,4,0,027) Dodecane. Dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, Hentriacontane, Heptane 2,2,3,3,5,6,6 Hepta methyl, sulfurous acid Hexy Monyl ester. Extracts and metabolites from this plant have been known to possess pharmacological properties and also exhibit antibacterial activity.


In the lower canopy of lowland tropical rainforests, the system of aerial rhizomorphs produced by certain marasmioid agarics intercepts and holds a considerable amount of litter, mostly in the form of dead leaves. The biodiversity of the assemblage of myxomycetes associated with this aerial litter microhabitat actually appears to be higher than the assemblage associated with ground litter in the same forest. As such, rhizomorph systems clearly influence the distribution and ecology of myxomycetes in rainforests. This ecological association has not been recognized previously by those biologists who study these organisms.


In the April 1962 issue of the Employment Security Review, an article appeared entitled &dquo;Stepping up Professional Placement.&dquo; The author proposed that the USES approach professional people through their societies in &dquo;an attempt to develop a more favorable impression of the Employment Service.&dquo; It further encouraged approaching educational leaders at all levels, elementary through university, with the idea of


Mazes are fun. Their appeal stems from their simplicity, their relevance to everyday problem solving, and their beauty. This article will give a simple algorithm by which interesting random mazes can be generated.


We investigate the orbits of charged particles (electrons) that interact with a 3D‐solar type reconnecting current sheet (RCS). The magnetic field used is a linearized Harris type model. Particles are accelerated by a super‐Dreicer electric field. Taking advantage of the translational symmetries of the fields, the orbits computation is simplified to integration of the equations of motion in a Hamiltonian of two degrees of freedom. The application of canonical transformations, constructed with Lie series, transforms the Hamiltonian to a normal form. The conditions for which electrons are trapped in the RCS are derived analytically. For escaping particles, the amount of final kinetic energy gain or loss is described with analytical expressions that are in good agreement with the numerical results.


In this paper, we investigate a signal typing on the basis of visual impression of distinctive spectrogram. Pathological voices are classified into signal type 1, 2, 3, or 4 to estimate perturbation parameters and to mark perceptual rating based on Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V). The results suggest that perturbation analysis can be applied to only type 1 and 2 signals and the perceptual ratings of overall grade increase with each signal type, overall. A good inter-rater reliability is showed among three raters. We recommend that pathological voices should be marked the signal typing and CAPE-V, together, to definitely describe the characteristics of pathological voices.


A cosmetic method for treating or preventing a skin condition comprising topically applying a topical composition for skin care comprising extract plum kakadu and / or cherry extract acai skin, wherein the condition of skin is a line or fine wrinkle expression.


Disclosed is a rotor for a high-speed electric machine, which is constructed from a stack of a plurality of axially arranged in a row thick solid discs (1), wherein the solid discs (1) at their end faces have a defined pressing surface (5) and the stack in the region of the pressing surfaces (5) is traversed in the axial direction of tension bars (2). In this case, the tension bars (2) press the solid discs (1) to the pressing surfaces (5) against each other. Furthermore, bordering for weight and material savings and a centric to the edge portion of each solid disc (1) rotationally symmetrical recess (8) on at least one end face of the massive disk (1) is provided.