American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, Annals, Vol. 232 (March, 1944), A Challenge to Peacemakers: Conflicting National Aspirations in Central and Eastern Europe. (By various authors; edited by Joseph S. Roucek.) Philadelphia: The Academy, 1944. Pp. ix, 240. Index. $2.00. Bisschof, W. R., ed. International Law Conference, London, 10-12 July, 1943. London: the editor, 1944(7). Pp. viii, 184. Index. 15/-. Brady, A., and Scott, F. R., eds. Canada after the War. New York: Macmillan, 1944. Pp. ix, 348. Bibliography. Index. $4.25. Brecht, A. Prelude to Silence: The End of the German Republic. New York: Oxford University Press, 1944. Pp. xxi, 156. Appendixes. Index. $2.00. Chinese Ministry of Information. China Handbook, 1937-1943. New York: Macmillan, 1943. Pp. xxiv, 876, lxxvi, xv. Tables. Map. Index. $5.00. Commission to Study the Organization of Peace. Fourth Report. Part III. International Safeguard of Human Rights. New York: Commission to Study the Organization of Peace, 1944. Pp. 24. Corwin, E. S. The Constitution and World Organization. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1944. Pp. xiii, 64. $1.00. Djajadiningrat, R. L. From Illiteracy to University in the Netherlands Indies. New York: Institute of Pacific Relations, 1944. Pp. 68. $.50. Dulles, F. R. Behind the Open Door. New York: Institute of Pacific Relations, 1944. Pp. iv, 92. $.40. Empire Parliamentary Association, Summary of Congressional Proceedings, U.S.A. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1944—. Pp. vi, 146. Appendix. $1.50 per quarter. Fairchild, H. P., ed. Dictionary of Sociology. New York: Philosophical Library, 1944. Pp. vi, 342. $6.00. Fox, H. G. Canadian Law of Copyright. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1944. Pp. briv, 770. Appendix. Index. $18.50. Freeman, H. Coercion of States in International Organizations. Philadelphia: Pacifist Research Bureau, 1944. Pp. vi, 57. $.25. Goodrich, L. M., and Carroll, M. J. Documents on American Foreign Relations, July 194%June 1943. Boston: World Peace Foundation, 1944. Pp. xxv, 735. Index. $3.75. Gutierrez, G. El Problema de los Refugiados. Habana: Editorial Lex, 1944. Pp. 108. Gyorgy, A. Geopolitics, the New German Science. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1944. Pp. vii, 141-303. Bibliography. Index. $1.50. Harley, J. E. Woodrow Wilson Still Lives—His World Ideals Triumphant. Los Angeles: Center for International Understanding, 1944. Pp. xiii, 193. Appendix. Index. $2.00. Hewes, A. Labor's Aims in War and Peace. New York: Commission to Study the Organization of Peace, 1944. Pp. 24. $.10. Hinder, E. M. Life and Labor in Shanghai: a Decade of Labor and Social Administration in the International Settlement. New York: Institute of Pacific Relations, 1944. Pp. ix, 143. Index. $1.50. International Labor Office. Constitutional Provisions concerning Social and Economic Pol-


The recycling of much of the carbon in Nature depends on the breakdown of polymers in woody matter, notably cellulose (a polyacetal) and lignin (a polyether). Here, we show that equilibrium favors ether hydrolysis in water, but that the rates of hydrolysis of ethers are too slow to measure in neutral solution except at temperatures approaching the critical point of water. Circumventing that obstacle, glutathione-dependent etherases from white-rot fungi are known to employ the thiolate group of glutathione to attack guaiacyl ethers. The present experiments at elevated temperatures indicate that thioglycolate attacks diethyl ether in water-in the absence of enzymes-with a rate constant of 6 x 10^-11 M^-1 s^-1 at 25 °, and that thiolysis is strongly favored thermodynamically, with a K(v)eq value of 2.5 x 10^6 (ΔG ~ -8.7 kcal/mol). Compared with the rate of nonenzymatic thiolysis, the lignin-degrading etherases LigE and LigF produce 10^15-fold rate enhancements, among the largest that have been observed for an enzyme acting on two substrates. As in other enzymatic displacement reactions, one function of these enzymes' active sites is presumably to remove the substrates from constraints on their reactivity imposed by solvent water.


The lack of capacity is the root cause leading to rural poverty and backwardness in modern time.Increasing the relief investment in rural education is the bounden duty of the Chinese government.Meanwhile,the education relief must focus on facilitating the self-independent capacity of the target people and cultivating the farmers with modernized citizen quality.We shall reform the education relief mechanism,increase the investment in rural education and establish an education relief mechanism featuring with division and balance of power.We must not only consistently improve the content of education relief,but also solve the difficulties confronted in the life and development of rural education workers.We shall pool the wisdom and efforts of the public to provide spiritual impetus and intellectual support to the construction of the Socialist New Countryside.


The genus Veronica (Plantaginaceae, formerly Scrophulariaceae) is well known for its reduced corolla tube in an otherwise long-tubed family. Similar character reversals to states thought to be plesiomorphic to taxa outside Veronica are found in inflorescence morphology, embryology, and karyology. We have used nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid trnL-F sequence data in separate and combined data sets to explore character evolution in Veronica and related genera. We here use Veronica in a wide sense including the Hebe complex, Synthyris, Besseya, and Pseudolysimachion. Based on comparison with results from the molecular analyses, we infer the rosette habit to be ancestral in the tribe Veroniceae with two losses and at least two regains. The terminal inflorescence was probably lacking in the ancestor of Veroniceae but re-emerged at least twice with a concentration in annual and alpine species. Tubular flowers evolved in parallel several times, and this parallelism is also indicated by floral development. The ancestor of Veroniceae was likely to have five calyx lobes and four corolla lobes, but both characters are labile. The capsule of the ancestor of Veronica was probably wide and compressed with several specializations occurring within species groups. The pollen types identified by earlier authors match with little conflict results from the molecular analyses, as do embryological characters such as morphology of micropylar endosperm haustoria. Finally, chromosome number was likely to be x = 9 in the ancestor of Veroniceae with other base numbers evolving several times in parallel. Similarities of the inferred ancestral character states with those from the outgroups Plantago and Digitalis are discussed.


The composition characteristics and working principle of the hydraulic rotary system of the azimuth thruster were analyzed. The mathematical model of the rotary dynamic system of the pump-controlled hydraulic motor driving the gear reduction mechanism was established. Additionally, a fast tracking method for the azimuth angle of the azimuth thruster was proposed to analyze the rotary azimuth angle, angular velocity and dynamic response characteristics of the hydraulic system for different desired azimuth angles. The simulation results show that the established dynamic model can simulate the rotary motion response process of the real thruster, and can realize the rapid and accurate tracking of the azimuth angle. At the same time, the physical constraints of the rotary dynamic response were established. It provides an important reference for research on the motion control methods of dynamic positioning vessels.


In vibration-based structural damage detection, it is necessary to discriminate the variation of structural properties due to environmental changes from those caused by structural damages. The present paper aims to investigate the temperature effect on vibration-based structural damage detection in which the vibration data are measured under varying temperature conditions. A simply-supported slab was tested in laboratory to extract the vibration properties with modal testing. The slab was then damaged and the modal testing was conducted again, in which the temperature varied. The modal data measured under different temperature conditions were used to detect the damage with a two-stage model updating technique. Some damage was falsely detected if the temperature variation was not considered. Natural frequencies were then corrected to those under the same temperature conditions according to the relation between the temperature and material modulus. It is shown that all of the damaged elements can be accurately identified.


In his review, professor Parker critically addresses staging bipolar disorder (BD), especially defining early stages before the onset of a first manic episode, and early intervention for individuals that are at risk to develop BD. 1 His major points are (1) that subsyndromal signs and symptoms, that in hindsight have preceded clinically manifest BD, especially in persons with a positive family history of BD, are too non- specific to be prospectively useful as reliable risk factors for impending BD; (2) most individuals "at risk" will not develop BD; and (3) that intervening before the onset of BD has not proven to be effective in the long term, and may even be harmful in various ways by causing concern in parents and offspring or by giving preventive pharmacotherapy. We want to comment on these viewpoints. Early intervention confronts us with the inevitable dilemma to find a bal-ance between detecting the first clinical signs of impending BD and thus avoid delaying effective treatment on the one hand, and labeling a person as being at significant risk for a potential serious and lifelong mental illness at an age when identity is being formed and mood in-stability is often part of normal emotional development on the other. Clinical staging models, despite all still unresolved issues, can help to make such decisions. Staging serious mental conditions such as BD is intended to define optimal windows of opportunity and give the most effective treatment at the earliest possible moment in


Hydrogenated cotton seed oil fatty acid sucrose ester is synthesized by using hydrogenated cotton seed oil fatty acid and sucrose as raw materials. The optimal synthesis conditions are as follows:the molar ratio of fatty acid ester to sucrose is 1∶1, the amount of affinity agent is 30% of the reactant, the amount of catalyst is 2.2% of the reactant, the reaction temperature is 155℃ and the reaction time is 6 hours.


The article deals with the problems of modern families associated with an increase in the number of information technologies, incomplete and conflict-ridden families, high employment of parents, and a low level of their pedagogical competence. All this significantly affects the changing conditions of family education. In this regard, the optimization of child-parent relations will be effective in the development and implementation of the program of psychological and pedagogical education, which includes knowledge of age psychology, algorithms and technologies for working with individual characteristics of children.


Although analysis of the humoral components of the external secretions has revealed the predominance of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), trace amounts of serum-type IgA, IgG and IgM have also been detected (Tomasi, 1972). In the reproductive fluids, higher proportions of IgG have been observed (Acharya, Khambhla & Goodman, 1968; Hulka & Omran, 1969). The effectiveness of antibodies depends on whether or not they are stable in the environment in which they are to function. Seminal plasma is known to possess proteolytic activity, a condition that is generally unfavourable for the survival of ordinary proteins (Katsh, Aguirre & Katsh, 1968; Suominen & Niemi, 1970), and antibodies may not therefore be able to survive and function in these fluids. However, SIgA is known to be resistant to proteolysis (Cederblad, Johansson & Rymo, 1966; Brown, Newcomb & Ishizaka, 1970). The present study was designed to evaluate the structural stability of various classes of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, SIgA and IgM) in the secretions of male and female reproductive systems, and to follow changes in the biological activity of antibodies under the same experimental conditions Semen samples were obtained from healthy adults by masturbation and were allowed to liquefy at room temperature for 15 to 30 min. After centrifugation, the seminal plasma (SMP) was separated from the sediment and stored at


According to the main task of the receiver in radar system,several ways are introduced to design the receiver.Through researching of analog receiver system and comparing of technology used in main kinds of receivers,such as super heterodyne receiver,direct down-converting receiver,image rejecting receiver,digital zero-intermediate frequency receiver.The character and application of those receivers are given.Although the super heterodyne receiver is used most popularly in radar system at present,because of its advantage in image rejection and well to process the intermediate frequency,the direct digital receiver will become to be more popular than other receivers in the future with the development of analog to digital converter's performance.


Most existing domain adaptation (DA) methods align the features based on the domain feature distributions and ignore aspects related to fog, background and target objects, rendering suboptimal performance. In our DA framework, we retain the depth and background information during the domain feature alignment. A consistency loss between the generated depth and fog transmission map is introduced to strengthen the retention of the depth information in the aligned features. To address false object features potentially generated during the DA process, we propose an encoder-decoder framework to reconstruct the fog-free background image. This reconstruction loss also reinforces the encoder, i.e., our DA backbone, to minimize false object features.Moreover, we involve our target data in training both our DA module and our detection module in a semi-supervised manner, so that our detection module is also exposed to the unlabeled target data, the type of data used in the testing stage. Using these ideas, our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art method (47.6 mAP against the 44.3 mAP on the Foggy Cityscapes dataset), and obtains the best performance on multiple real-image public datasets. Code is available at: https://github.com/VIML-CVDL/Object-Detection-in-Foggy-Scenes


Tasmania has its fair share of guitar makers, and Bruce Trappes has added Devil Guitars to the list. The difference is you may not have heard of, or seen, a cigar box guitar before!


The utility model relates to lead pans, in particular to a high-level small lead pan for a central lead supply system in the field of lead-acid storage batteries. The high-level small lead pan comprises a pan body with four cavity bodies, a safety valve device and a proportional valve device, wherein the safety valve device is installed in a first cavity body of the high-level small lead pan, and the proportional valve device is installed in a fourth cavity body of the high-level small lead pan. By means of the high-level small lead pan, lead solution of the central lead supply system can be supplied to lead spoons of each casting machine in a quantification mode, the problems that lead leaks and the lead solution is prone to being oxidized in the process of central lead supplying are solved, the times of manual maintaining and maintaining difficulty are greatly reduced, the service life of a valve core in the lead pan is prolonged, and cost is saved.


Purpose
Recent literature recognizes the role of warehouses in enhancing the overall logistics performance. Thus, lean thinking has recently found its way in supporting warehouse and distribution centre operations. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships among warehouse waste reduction practices, warehouse operational performance, distribution performance and business performance.

Design/methodology/approach
A two-stage study was conducted. First, a Delphi technique was adopted to develop a relevant questionnaire. Second, this questionnaire was used to measure the degree of waste reduction in the different warehouse activities and to test the developed research hypotheses. The authors test the hypotheses with a sample of Middle Eastern warehouse operators.

Findings
There exists a positive relationship between warehouse waste reduction level and both warehouse operational performance and distribution performance. There was no direct relationship between warehouse waste reduction level and business performance. However, results revealed that the relationship between warehouse waste reduction level and business performance was mediated by warehouse operational performance and distribution performance.

Practical implications
The developed instrument provides a guide for logistics managers as to understand how to reduce waste in each warehousing activity. The results also inform logistics managers of how distribution performance can be improved through lean warehousing. The resulting performance improvements in the distribution operations will ultimately be reflected in the logistics performance of downstream retailers.

Originality/value
The study develops an original instrument for measuring waste reduction in warehouses, and provides insights into the evolving lean warehousing research area. This is the first scholarly work to uncover the relationships among warehouse waste reduction practices, warehouse operational performance, distribution performance and business performance.


An enhanced local mean-field (MF) model that is suitable for simulating the EEG in different depths of anesthesia (DOA) is presented. The main elements of the model are taken from the Steyn-Ross and Bojak & Liley models, and a new slow ionic mechanism is included in the basis model. The Wilson-Cowan sigmoidal function corresponding to excitatory population is redefined to be also a function of the slow ionic mechanism. This modification adapts the firing rate of neural populations to slow ionic activities of the brain. When an anesthetic is administered, the slow mechanism induces neural cells to alternate between two levels of activity (up and down states). The frequency of up-down switching is in the delta band and this is the main reason behind high amplitude, low frequency EEG in anesthesia. The model may settle in up state in waking, switch to up and down states in moderate anesthesia or remains in down state in deep anesthesia. The modulation of alpha waves by slower EEG activities is also investigated in various DOA on 10 children. The modulation is quantified by two parameters so-called phase and strength of modulation (POM, SOM). These parameters are calculated for various formations of delta sub-bands and are employed to isolate different mechanisms contributing to delta waves, and to determine DOA. According to SOM, delta band comprises three main sub-bands roughly in [0. 1?0. 5], [0. 5?1. 5] and [2?4] Hz (very slow, slow and fast delta). POM decreases with desflurane so it may help us for determining DOA as a neurophysiologic parameter. Analyses show that POM relating to [1. 7?4] Hz can distinguish deep and light anesthesia better than BIS index.


This paper is concerned with H/sub 2/ control performance limits for SIMO systems. We derive an H/sub 2 /tracking performance limitation for SIMO plants, where we take the control input constraint into account. We also show the dual result for an energy regulation problem. We then apply the results to a class of physical systems including cranes and inverted pendulums. After classification of the systems with respect to the pole/zero locations in the right half complex plane, we investigate the measure for difficulty of control in terms of the plant structure and its physical parameters.


This paper applies SAS software for data mining and takes the energy consumption data from 2000 to 2015 as the training set and the corresponding data from 2016 to 2017 as comparative set. Due to the exponentially fluctuation of data, the author sets a nonlinear modified exponential rudimentary model, which, when combined with white noise experiment and diagrammatic figure analysis, the model's fitting effect can be inferred. The result shows that the data extraction of the model is not sufficient enough so that the model should be improved. Seen in that light, the author tries to do dimensionality reduction and differential processing to the original sequence and applies the classical time series ARIMA model for adjustment. It comes out that the fitted model should be ARIMA(4,2,1). The solved result illustrates that the information of the model has been well and sufficiently extracted. After that, the Bayesian model is constructed by taking the estimated parameters of the time series ARIMA model as priori information. The prediction effects of the three models are finally evaluated by Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root-mean-square Error (RMSE). The result shows that the prediction effect of Bayesian model is somehow superior to that of single time series model. According to the prediction result of Bayesian model based on prior robust, the general demand for energy consumption in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan period tends to climb by a small margin.


OBJECTIVE
To describe the reflection-action process for the development of nurses' competence in prenatal care.

METHOD
Action research with 30 nurses from primary health care in a municipality in the south of the country, through workshops held between June and August 2019, analyzed according to Creswell.

RESULTS
Nurses identify nursing consultation as a differential in prenatal care; point out the ignorance of work processes as an obstacle to the protagonism in prenatal care; and they highlight the registration of activities and the dissemination of the nurse's role with the team and the population as aspects that strengthen and value the profession.

CONCLUSION
The workshops enabled reflection to identify and overcome obstacles to the development of a competent practice, by strengthening nurses regarding the work process itself to discuss and implement changes in order to improve and enhance the care provided.


Based on OLE DB, this paper introduces the technology of ADO Data Access, introduces the concept, object model and working mechanism of OLE DB/ADO in detail, and then gives an example to depict the general process and realizing method of using the technology of ADO Data Access.


This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of undecorticated sunflower seed meal on the performance of broiler. Six experimental diets were prepared which were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. A total of 432 one day old unsexed Lohman chicks were weighed and allocated to six treatments having three replicates. Results indicated that incorporation of sunflower seed meal had no significant (P<0.05) effects on feed intake, live weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mortality, hot and chilled dressing percentages. It was concluded that addition of sunflower up to 15% to replace groundnut cake had no harm or undesired effects. To cite this article: Dafalla KY and KM Elamin, 2013. Effect of replacement of groundnut cake by different levels of locally produced sunflower seed meal on broiler performance. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci., 3(4), 101-104.


Through discovered to our country 28 high athletes' bodily shapes and the physical quality research that,the high athlete has the obvious difference while the bodily shape with the ordinary athlete,has not certainly displayed in the bodily function with other athletes' differences In the movement quality aspect,the research object displayed the good quality level,but aspect level and so on standing broad jump and V character migration was not high,"V" attacked the athlete to liepushes and carries a heavy load deeply squats badly,explained the high athlete should strengthen in aspect the and so on motion ability,strength quality training.


The use of polymers in hair care products is widespread, and silicones in
particular, are extensively used in cosmetic formulations. In addition, plant oils can also be used
for hair treatment.

n the present work, oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions were prepared to repair chemical
damage to human hair samples, to investigate the combined use of a silicone polyether copolymer
(surfactant) that has a branch composed of poly(ethylene oxide) in its chains, and two types of
plant oils: coconut and ojon oil.

Surfactant-oil-water formulations were obtained by ultrasonic processing.
The nanoemulsions were then applied to human hair strands previously damaged with sodium hydroxide,
to compare the treated strands with untreated ones. The efficacy of the formulations was
investigated by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical tests.

Stables nanoemulsions were obtained with average size of the dispersed
droplets up to 400 nm. The micrographs suggest that the action mechanism of the nanoemulsions
depends not only on the type of plant oil used and on size of the droplets dispersed in the system,
but also on the type of hair that receives the treatment. The thermal analysis showed that the use of
nanoemulsion changed the temperature of keratin interconversion to higher values, which can
make hair fibers more resistant to heat. Hair resistance was improved when comparing virgin samples
to the damaged ones.

The nanoemulsions were efficient in the treatment of the hair samples, which showed
a significant improvement in their mechanical properties.


We describe the clinicopathological findings in three autopsy cases of presenile dementia with motor neuron disease. These patients had a relatively rapid course involving dementia and muscle weakness with a distal pattern of atrophy in the upper extremities. Postmortem examination revealed features of motor neuron disease and spongiform cortical degeneration. The latter change was most marked in the second layer of the frontal or temporal cortex and included minimal to mild neuronal cell loss and mild to moderate gliosis. In this report we relate these patients' laminar spongiform degeneration to three other conditions; frontal lobe dementia, primary progressive aphasia and dementia lacking a distinctive histology. These three conditions and presenile dementia with motor neuron disease may fall within the spectrum of the non‐Alzheimer type frontotemporal degenerative dementia.


Limitations of cross-border supply of services within the EU in the meaning of art. 56, I et seq. TFEU are in principal abolished, if the provider is of Member States' nationality and established within the EU. Even though art. 56, II TFEU offers the possibility to extend this freedom to nationals of Third States, who provide services and who are established within the EU, the EP and Council have not yet introduced such legislation, and legislation like this is not likely to be introduced in near future.EU public procurement law is subject to various geographical scopes at different levels: First, the heartland territory of the 28 Member States themselves (I-1), second, the outermost regions (I-2.1) and the overseas countries and territories (I-2.2). Furthermore, a multiplicity of agreements between the EU und Third States with direct reference to the Lisbon Treaty is of relevance (I-3): The EEA (I-3.1), SAAs (I-3.2). Subsequently, the agreements within the framework of the ENP (PCAs, II-1, and EMAs, II-2) will de addressed, followed by the agreements EU-Chile (II-3), EU-Israel (II-4), EU-Korea (II-5), EU-Mexico (II-6), EU-Switzerland (II-7), EU-Turkey (II-8), EU-USA (II-9), EU-South-Africa (II-10), the Cotonou Agreement (II-11), and the EPA Carifoum (II-12).Additionally, in chapter III (Other Agreements, Selected Issues and State of Negotiations), an overview will be given with regard to agreements on public procurement notified to the WTO; some aspects of these notified agreements will be stressed (III-1). The subchapter concerning the state of negotiations covers, from EU perspective, ongoing negotiations between the EU and certain African regions, the Andean Community, Canada, Iraq, Latin America and Caribbean as well as South Korea (III-2), while some aspects regarding EFTA agreement and between the EFTA itself and non-EFTA-States are subject to the final chapter (III-3).


Objective To investigate the state of estrogenic pollutants in drinking water. Methods The organic pollutants were extracted from drinking water with solid-phase extraction (SPE). The estrogenic activity was evaluated with MCF/7 cell proliferation assay and uterotrophic assay, and estrogenic pollutants were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analysis. Results The results by GC/MS analysis showed there were more than 100 kinds of pollutants in raw water, and more than 80 in treated water. The detected rates of bis (2-methylpropyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate which were the suspect estrogen were higher than 90%. In addition, the phenols (for example: 2,4-dimethyl phenol) were found in water samples. The organic pollution of raw water in Jialingjiang River was more severe than that in Yangtze River, and the organic pollution of treated water in summer was more severe than that in winter. The quality of treated water in C and E waterworks was better. The biological evaluation showed that the organic pollutants in raw water and treated water stimulated the proliferation of MCF/7 cells and the growth of uterine in rats, and tamoxifen suppressed the proliferation induced by the organic pollutants. The quality of raw water in summer was better than that in winter, and that in Yangtze River was better than that in Jialingjiang River in summer, and the contrary in winter. The effects of pollutants on MCF/7 cells proliferation in treated water were stronger than those in raw water in summer, but weaker in winter. The quality of treated water in A and B waterworks in winter was better. Conclusion The study implies that there are estrogenic pollutants in the drinking water in this city, but they are not harmful enough to the citizens.


Objective This study aimed to explore more biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer. Methods Cell lines SKOV-3 (ovarian serous carcinoma cells) and MCV152 (benign ovarian epithelial tumor cell) were used in this study and performed transcriptome sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3) and controls (MCV152) were identified, followed by function enrichment analysis. The expression levels of genes involved in the key pathway were validated through PCR and western blot analyses. Results Total 2,020 upregulated and 1,673 downregulated DEGs were obtained between SKOV3 and MCV152 cells. The upregulated and downregulated DEGs were significantly associated with cell adhesion. In addition, the upregulated DEGs were significantly involved in pathways of ECM-receptor interaction, and the downregulated DEGs were involved in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. PCR and western blot analyses showed that genes (proteins) expression related to PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were in consistent with bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion Cell adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction may play an important role in the invasion of ovarian cancer. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway may be involved in the progression of ovarian cancer by up-regulating ANGPT2, FGF18, ITGB4 and ITGB8, and downregulating AKT3 and PIK3AP1. Highlights Cell adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction may play important roles in ovarian cancer invasion. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway may involve in ovarian cancer progression. ANGPT2, FGF18, ITGB4, ITGB8, AKT3 and PIK3AP1 may serve as biomarkers in ovarian cancer.


Casting method has significant impact on the mechanical and wear properties of Babbitt alloy.By observing the microstructure of alloy and analyzing the worn surface,it is found that centrifugal casting refines grains obviously and improves the wear resistance of alloy,and the wear loss decreases by 9.6%.


For prosecution of Judge/Public Servant who is accused of any offence alleged to have been committed by him while acting or purporting to act in discharge of his official duty, sanction of government is mandatory under Sec 197 Cr.P.C. But when public servant is charged of offences related to bribery (Sec 161 I.P.C.), cheating (abetting to cheat), no sanction is required under Sec. 197 Cr.P.C. The objective of giving protection (immunity) to Judges and Public Servants under Sec. 197 Cr.P.C. is to guard against vexatious proceedings against Judge/ Magistrate/Public Servant. The protection given under Sec. 197 Cr.P.C. is not available for Judge/Magistrate/Public Servant, if the act or omission is not connected with official duty.


The Mobile nodes in MANET are completely depended on the power of energy of mobile nodes. The energy or battery power of nodes is limited due to that efficient consumption is needed to improve the lifetime of nodes and network. In general, a node in a MANET suffers from connectivity instability because of channel quality variation and limited battery lifespan. Therefore, an efficient algorithm for controlling the communication links among nodes is essential for the construction of a MANET. In this paper, we Energy Efficient Reliable Route Selection (RRS) scheme that aim to increase the energy efficiency and the network connectivity simultaneously. The proposed algorithm always selects the neighbor nodes have highest energy among all neighbor nodes. The intermediate nodes are easily exhausting their energy due to accepting and forwarding of data in dynamic network. The proposed scheme is utilized these nodes energy, by selecting them according to remaining maximum energy level section for utilizing energy of nodes for better lifetime. Sender has received the reply from each request and decided the remaining maximum energy node for data sending. The proposed energy efficient scheme is improves the network performance as compare to normal shortest path routing. The routing performance is evaluated through performance metrics like routing overhead, throughput and delay.


17 Background: 2018 data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology & End Results (SEER) Program estimates there are 15.5 million cancer survivors in the U.S. Throughout the care continuum, cancer caregivers provide invaluable support which greatly impacts and improves patient quality of life. In the palliative care setting caregiver support is vitally important, but many caregivers struggle to take care of their own needs and are not aware of supportive services. Our study explores the unmet needs of cancer caregivers in the palliative care setting. Methods: Over a two-year time period (2015-2017), our professional facilitator met with cancer caregivers in 32 states hosting nationwide focus groups. Primary goals were reaching caregivers in rural, urban, medically underserved, and community oncology settings to gain perspective from diverse populations. Focus groups were held in person and online via facetime conferencing. Results: 778 caregivers (42% male, 58% female) participated. 92% of caregivers did not feel comfortable defining palliative care nor did they realize the various supportive elements palliative care provides. 76% were extremely anxious during care transitions; 71% feel overwhelmed with daily caregiving tasks; 69% want to help make end of life decisions including advance directives in partnership with their loved one, but did not feel equipped to make tough decisions; 64% report lack of patient/caregiver centered communication with their healthcare team, including guidance on adverse effects and training for medical hands-on tasks. Conclusions: Caregivers in the palliative care setting need additional supportive services, effective interventions, and educational programs to meet their unmet needs. With additional support and awareness, enhanced quality of life for both caregiver and patient is possible. Our conversations with caregivers will continue as we increase palliative care awareness, collaborate with partners, develop meaningful programs, and expand our outreach to help meet the needs of caregivers in the palliative care setting.


One kind of universal hook angle and level monitoring apparatus cranes, relates to the field of cranes, the present invention provides a simple structure, high reliability comprising a non-moving object in a reduced level state, no power is mounted on a universal level lifting pulley block pulley fender, and an image based on a universal bubble level indicated by the cross mark in association with the scale and location of the concentric circle direction, displays real-time direct angle hook detection, including the detection and monitoring apparatus, monitoring crane device, then the driver can hook angle based dynamic display on the screen, control the crane hook angle to achieve the elimination of vertical lifting. Detecting the above-described hook angle, the monitoring device is adapted to all types of cranes.


The invention relates to a polyurethane foam material and preparing method and application thereof, the method is to enable pre poly body and polyether polyalcohol based on methyl diphenylene diisocyanate to be reacted in the presences of sponging agent, catalyst, foam stabilizer and chain extender when necessary, wherein the polyether polyalcohol is epoxyethane and epoxypropane copolymer polyalcohol, the average functionality degree is 2.5-3.5, the epoxyethane content is not more than 25% by weight, the primary hydroxy group content is not more than 40% by weight. The invention also relates to the polyurethane foam material prepared based on the method and application in the shoe sole especially in the shoe pad thereof. The foam material has advantages of low density (100-150 kg/m ), good ventilation property, high bearing performance, antibacterial performance and hydrolytic decomposition resistance, and can be used under lower temperature.


Metabolic disorders in animals are one of the most important problems in modern cattle production. The paper presents results characterising the functional state of the liver in dairy cows with clinical ketosis. The study was conducted on 17 Holstein cows (9 of them were clinically healthy with negative test for ketone bodies in urine and 8 with positive test) in their second to fourth lactation with milk yield above 8,000 kg per previous lactation. Conducted research has shown that cows affected with ketosis, had hypoglycaemia, dysproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, increased liver enzymes and higher blood content of aromatic and sulfur-containing amino acids. Herewith the activity of cholinesterase and phospholipids were decreased. Albumins-globulins ratio and esterified to total cholesterol ratio was decreased in conditions associated with liver pathology due to clinical ketosis. Sick cows had signs of secondary osteodystrophy. Obtained results allowed us concluding that dairy cows ketosis caused significant changes in structural and functional state of liver, associated with abnormalities in of serum proteins synthesis, disturbed metabolism of amino acids, lipids and calcium.


Why believe in scientific realism? The answer that overwhelms the mainstream debate is "the no-miracles argument" (NMA): realism best explains the observational success of scientific theories. Yet more than thirty years ago another argument was proposed by Smart, Devitt, Glymour, McMullin, and Salmon and called "the basic argument" (BA) by Devitt: realism best explains the observed phenomena. Rather than having been addressed and assessed since, BA has been almost entirely ignored. The paper carefully distinguishes BA from NMA and argues that whereas NMA is dubious, BA is good. Why has BA been ignored? Experience suggests that philosophers may find it too close to science and mistakenly hanker after a "more philosophical" justification for realism. No such justification is needed or desirable.


Faults in clean porous sandstone occur as thin, 3-D deformed zones containing crushed grains. Field observations and laboratory measurements show that fault zones have a profound effect on fluid flow. Field observations indicate that most fault zones across which there have been more than a few cm of displacement develop a slip surface that is bounded on one side by the deformed zone in which porosity, grain sizes, and the degree of sorting of the sand grains are reduced, and on the other side by nearly undeformed rock. Permeability along this slip surface could be large, as for a fracture, allowing fluid migration in all directions parallel to the slip surface. Laboratory measurements confirm that permeability in the deformed, low porosity zone is low. Fault zone permeability could thus be extremely anisotropic with low permeability on one side due to the deformed zone, and high permeability parallel to the fault on the other side related to the through-going slip surface. The slip surface may occur more often on the hanging wall side of the deformed zone providing asymmetry in permeability distribution and, thus, asymmetry in trapping and migration potential. This asymmetry could explain many oil-water-fault relations such as those reportedmore » from the Niger Delta.« less


Abstract The pseudo-slab problem by using the HN method, proper neutron flux definitions and physical boundary conditions is used to study spherical albedo. The selected numerical values can be compared with data available in the literature. The sphere radius can be calculated for the secondary neutron number and for the spherical albedo.


Nuclear binding of receptor-glucocorticoid complexes can be observed at 20" in a cell-free system from cultured hepatoma cells. This association requires two steps: "activation" of the complex to a form which will bind and nuclear binding. These processes have been studied separately and an assay for the active form of the receptor is described. In cytoplasmic extracts, activation is favored by dilution and by increasing the ionic strength or the temperature. Using activated cytosol, receptor-glucocorticoid complexes bind to nuclei at 0' and at low ionic strength. This binding is specific in that it is of high affinity (Kd = 2.1 X lo-lo M) to a fixed number of sites (15,000 to 16,000 per nucleus). A Scatchard analysis suggests that a single class of nuclear acceptor sites is involved in the binding. Further, activated receptors bound with nonradioactive steroid competitively inhibit nuclear binding of tritiated complexes. The cell-free nuclear binding reaction is similar in a number of ways to that which occurs in the intact cell, including the number of sites, the high affinity of the interaction, the necessity for activation, and the fact that the receptor must be bound with steroid. These data suggest that the cell-free system described here adequately represents some of the early steps in glucocorticoid action.


Large floods can have major impacts on riparian forests. Here we examine the variability and spatial distribution of riparian forest responses along eight third- to fifth-order streams following a large flood (∼100 year recurrence interval) in the Cascade Mountain Range of Oregon. We categorized disturbance intensity (physical force) exerted on riparian trees during floods into three classes: (i) purely fluvial (high water flow only); (ii) fluvial supplemented by dispersed pieces of floating wood (uncongested wood transport); (iii) fluvial with movement of batches of wood (congested wood transport). These types of material transport and associated classes of disturbance intensity resulted in a gradient of biotic responses of disturbance severity ranging from standing riparian trees inundated by high water, to trees toppled but still partially rooted, to complete removal of trees. High within-stream and among-stream responses were influenced by pre-flood stream and riparian conditions as well as flood dynamics, especially the availability of individual pieces or congested batches of wood.

Fluvial disturbance alone toppled fewer riparian trees than in reaches where floodwaters transported substantial amounts of wood. Debris flows delivered additional wood and sediment to parts of reaches of four of these study streams; riparian trees were removed and toppled for up to 1·5 km downstream of the debris flow tributary channel. Congested wood transport resulted in higher frequency of toppled trees and greater deposition of new wood levees along channel margins. The condition of the landscape at the time of a major flood strongly influenced responses of riparian forests. Recent and historic land-use practices, as well as the time since the previous large flood, influenced not only the structure and age of the riparian forests, but also the availability of agents of disturbance, such as large pieces of floating wood, that contribute to disturbance of riparian forests during floods. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Climate change has affected the whole world and caused disasters, include drought. Since Tana Mbanas village in Central Sumba District is the driest remote area in eastern region of Indonesia, gender inequality has affected in daily life of people in the village instead of other social and environmental problems. This research aimed to evaluate how gender mainstreaming implemented in drought disaster risk reduction in Tana Mbanas village in Central Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The result of the research is expected to become a mirror that reflects Sumba island gender and development issues. The research took place in Tana Mbanas village in Central Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, and conducted by qualitative method with purposive data sampling. The steps taken in the research were observation, data collecting by questionnaire and in-depth interview to respondents, and literature review. It was reported that Tana Mbanas village people has given water management assistance by village fund, conducting water management counselling, saving water, and harvesting rain systems in every household. This research meets conclusions that: (1) Several programs and planned actions in water supply system and infrastructure development have become initiatives of government agencies of village authorities, BPBD and Public Work Agency of Central Sumba Regency; (2) People demonstrated vulnerability to drought as well as lack of water supply and also water resources; (3) Strong efforts should be conducted to educate people and increase women capacity in coping issues of poverty, drought, and lack of water supply; and (4) Government agencies and other private institutions have to build women capacity as their participation in enhancing gender equality and mainstreaming gender.


Objective To explore whether ER level of breast cancer with a positive cancerous family history shows a higher level than the breast cancer of non cancerous family.Methods ER were determined in 430 fresh specimen of breast cancer by fluorescent estradiol histochemical technique.Results Total ER positive rate was 50.2%,ER positive rate was 55.1% in the breast cancer with a positive cancerous family history.ER positive rate was 72.2% in women with a family history of breast cancer and ER positive rate was 49.6% in non cancerous family women.Conclusions ER level in breast cancer with a positive cancerous history and family history of breast cancer is significant higher than that in the breast cancer of non cancerous family without statistical difference(P0.05). [


The paper studies Terrestrial Laser Scanning used in subway tunnel deformation monitoring. For special narrow subway tunnel structure, the accumulated error between the adjacent station can be eliminated by global registration pattern which is to set the common control point within the section ends. Point cloud slicing is used to calculate the radius of the circle by multi-point coordinate, deformation is fitted to curve to show the monitoring result by analyzing the center coordinates sequence trends and mean curvature. Three-dimensional model of subway tunnel not only improves the accuracy of deformation monitoring, but also reflects the overall deformation trend. This method is applied to monitor deformation for Shanghai Metro Line twelve, comparing with the total station method, high precision of deformation monitoring meet the need.


40 50 60 The division of a small needle biopsy specimen into two or more parts, however, accentuates the already critical lanuol method problem of sampling and raises ethical problems because ent method versus subtracting from the material to be embedded in paraffin Is equal values by may hinder the patient's diagnosis. It was therefore thought necessary to develop a technique for obtaining both frozen and paraffin sections from the total speci-


Multi-conjugate adaptive optics can achieve diffraction limited images over a field of arcminutes and is a central technology for the future ELTs: Gemini/GeMS is the first facility-class LGS MCAO system to operate. With it we have taken images in J and Ks bands of the globular cluster NGC 1851 for which we also have HST/ACS observations in the visible. In this paper we present the deepest to date near-infrared photometry of NGC 1851 providing a wide colour baseline CMD that reaches the lower main sequence to have a new insight into the stellar populations of this globular cluster. The use of the GGCs' lower main sequence knee to determine its age is one of the science drivers for the observation of GGCs with MCAO given its visibility in the infrared and because it requires high Strehl ratios to measure the faint stars' photometry. In addition to the stellar population analysis, these data allow to examine the photometric performance of the instrument using a large number of point sources distributed across the field. We analyze the photometric performance of the instrument and the field dependence of the PSF, a central part on the prediction and improvement of the performance of future LGS MCAO systems like NFIRAOS for the Thirty Meter Telescope.


Many efforts have been made to control the moisture in the package by the addition of the active ingredients which absorb this moisture. In the modern retail, moisture or water vapor absorber, known as desiccant has been widely used to extend the shelf life of the food product. Composite desiccants comprising the high active ingredient has been developed to improve the performance of single absorber material in absorbing and controlling moisture in the food package. The purpose of this research was to observe the effect of temperature storage in moisture sorption of commercial desiccants (silica gel and active clay) comparing to the composite desiccant of rice husk-CaCl2. This research proved that the sorption ability of these desiccants were different, and it was influenced by the temperature of the storage. The results showed that rice husk-CaCl2 composite dessicant possessed the highest absorption capacity especially at temperature of 40 °C with value of 1.2342 g H2O/g desiccant for 7 days of storage. The increase of temperature has been resulted on increasing absorption rate (k), for example, rice husk-CaCl2 composite dessicant, the k value was 0.2587 g H2O/g desiccant/day at 30 °C, 0.7828 g H2O/g desiccant/day at 40 °C and 0.9562 g H2O/g desiccant/day at 50 °C. It looks that the moisture absorption followed pseudo second order for all treatment with R2 at 99% for almost all treatments.


The work of the nurse belongs to one of seven professions which are being regulated by sector directives of the European Union. [1]. The International Organization of Health Protection regards the nurse's job as a job of great significance. Professional work of a nurse is considered to be an activity, which helps patients, their relatives and various social groups to ensure physical, psychical and social possibilities in the proper for life and work of society members circumstances.[2]. The nurse's job was developing simultaneously with the social as well as industrial development. It was in 1920 when International courses for the sisters ofcharity were organized by Red Cross Society in London. The aim of the courses was to give the medical nurses with undergraduate education the possibility of getting higher education, prepare them for leadership as well as for work in schools and health care centres. There were nine sisters of charity from Latvia among those who finished the courses [6]. The possibility of getting higher education by medical nurses in Latvia appeared in 1990, when the department of medical nurses with academic education was founded in Latvian Medical Academy. Therefore, a new stage in education began which aimed at teaching the patient, taking care of his or her health as well as prophylaxis.


Diverse carboxylic esters have been reduced with dissolving Group 1A metals. Using lithium in ethylamine, sterically hindered esters (RCO2R′) were deoxygenated giving the alkane (R′H) whereas non-hindered esters regenerated the parent alcohol (R′OH). This permitted the selective deoxygenation of diesters. Conversely, potassium–sodium eutectic solubilised with 18-crown-6 in t-butylamine and tetrahydrofuran (THF) efficiently deoxygenated both hindered and non-hindered esters. In the absence of nucleophiles at ambient temperature the principal reaction of carboxylic ester radical anions was deoxygenation.


On close reading of the Enneads, the work written by Plotinus, we can see that the One, the ultimate factor in his system of hypostases, can be examined on the base of many concepts that are interwoven, creating many paths for approaching the divine level. Of course, since all the hypostases, Matter – Nature – Soul - Intelligence, are dependent on the infinite power of the One, theoretically and practically everything can be related to the One or the God or the Good. But there are some modes of existence most related to the One, thus illuminating the Plotinian mystical empiricism. The One, on the one hand, is related to empiricism as It presupposes the immediate approach of It, being immanent and transcendent at the same time, and on the other hand, It is related to mysticism as It cannot be perfectly conceived and experienced otherwise than through the mystical union.


We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to simultaneously visualize the topography of living human keratinocytes and the distribution of the Ca2+ dependent adhesion molecule desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) in the cell membrane. Adhesion events were detectable in clusters on the cell surface and at areas of cell‐cell contact. These events were blocked by removing Ca2+ and by addition of Dsg3‐specific autoantibodies. On the cell surface, the binding forces of Dsg3 molecules were lower compared to areas of cell‐cell contact (37±2pN vs. 45±2pN), indicating that Dsg adhesive properties are not uniform but can be modulated depending on the localization. We further studied morphologic changes induced by autoantibodies targeting Dsg derived from patients with the disease pemphigus vulgaris. Autoantibody incubation resulted in separation of plasma membranes between desmosomal adhesive complexes and caused retraction of intermediate filaments, the latter of which are detectable as bundles of fiber‐like structures attached to desmosomes in the topography image. These data are in line with well‐established morphological changes induced by pemphigus autoantibodies such as interdesmosomal widening and collapse of the keratin filament cytoskeleton. Taken together, the combination of topographical and functional AFM imaging on living cells represents a powerful tool for research of cell adhesion receptors.


William Henry Battle (1855–1936) practiced medicine in England over one century ago and is primarily remembered for his description of ecchymosis over the mastoid process following skull base fracture. Battle was born in Lincoln of Lincolnshire, England, on February 23, 1855. One of nine children, he was the son of John Richard Battle who was leader of a prominent Lincolnshire family and served as mayor [1]. Battle earned his medical degree (M.R.C.S. and LSA) from St. Thomas's Medical School, London, in 1877, and became F.R.C.S. in 1880. He was elected honorary secretary of the section of surgery of the British Medical Association. As a surgeon at St. Thomas's Hospital, he was affiliated with the Royal Free Hospital, and from 1881 to 1885, he edited the St. Thomas's Hospital Surgical Reports. In 1888, he was selected as assistant surgeon to East London Hospital for Children. From 1889 to 1890, he held the position of Hunterian Professor in Surgery and Pathology at the Royal College of Surgeons jointly with William Watson Cheyne, John Langton, and Walter Pye and also taught in the Medical School for Women where he held the position of Demonstrator in Practical Surgery (Fig. 1). Battle, with the collaboration of Mr. Edred Corner (Surgeon at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children), published Clinical Lectures on the Acute Abdomen in 1911. Again with Corner, Battle wrote and published Surgery of the Diseases of the Appendix Vermiformis. He was commissioned into the Royal Army Medical Corps and served as major and then lieutenant colonel, firstly with the 3rd and then later the 5th London General Hospitals (St. Thomas's). Battle investigated head injury specifically, associated optic neuritis, cranial nerve injury, and associated cutaneous stigmata. It is with this research that he is most remembered for his ''sign'' (postauricular ecchymosis as an indication of fracture of the base of the skull) [2]. Other eponyms include Battle's incision, a surgical incision used in appendectomies that utilizes temporary medial retraction of the rectus abdominis muscle, and Battle's operation, a surgical operation for femoral hernia repair. Interestingly, Battle was the first to report a laparotomy to relieve intestinal obstruction caused by post-operative adhesions. While lecturing to the Royal College of Surgeons in 1890, he described the findings associated with fractures of the skull base including otorhinorrhea, periorbital hematoma (raccoon eyes), and subconjunctival hemorrhage. Interestingly, and as pointed out by Battle himself, his investigations actually followed earlier observations made by surgeon Sir Prescott Hewett (1812–1891). Battle added to such descriptions by describing the detailed anatomy that was involved with such hemorrhage [3]. He found that such bruising became apparent between the 3rd and 14th day after head injury and described this finding in approximately 17 cases and multiple postmortem examinations. He conducted research on cadavers by injecting the occipital musculature and observing water dyed blue to spread into adjacent tissues. Such experimentation proved his theory that extravasated blood moves from the suboccipital region to the more superficial tissues [1]. Battle also R. Shane Tubbs (&) Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital, 1600 7th Avenue South ACC 400, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA e-mail: email@example.com


Oncotype DX is a 21-gene assay that quantifies the recurrence risk in estrogen receptor—positive breast cancer, which is expressed as the recurrence score (RS). Studies have shown that patients with a high-risk RS will most likely benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, but there is no proven advantage for patients with a low-risk RS who still face an average recurrence risk of 7%. In this study, the relationship between the RS and the cell cycle—related antigen Ki-67 was assessed in 32 breast carcinomas and evaluated for a potential association. Comparison of the RS with tumor type, grade, and the Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) revealed an overall concordance. However, some tumors with a low RS revealed a surprisingly high Ki-67 PI. These cases may correspond to the 7% of low-risk RS carcinomas that recur. Therefore, the authors propose a combined evaluation of the RS and Ki-67 PI to identify tumors with high recurrence potential from the low-risk and intermediate-risk RS groups.


The aim of this study is to determine the impact of MSME's affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. We used a panel data design and collected data from 650 respondents randomly from various parts of the country. The data is collected in three rounds: the first from June-July 2020, the second from November-December 2020, and the third from June-July 2021. The analysis found that in (Round 1) 91 percent MSME's reported decline in production or sale, while in (Round 2) and (Round 3) enterprises reported improvement in production and sale. The study results shows that about 64 percent respondents in average of the three rounds reported increased in debt. Similarly, an average of three rounds, 16 percent and 12.5 percent workers were permanently and temporarily lay-off. Based on the findings of the study its being suggested that short-term and long-term policies should be established for reviving MSME's.


The Manual on Uniform traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) is a critical document for the transportation profession. In its current form, it contains over 700 pages of guidelines that are used by field personnel, engineers, and decision makers in the traffic engineering field. However, the document's origins were more humble, with a document that contained less than 200 pages. This paper traces the evolution of the MUTCD from its predecessor publications in the 1920s through its nine editions. The paper identifies the significant milestones in the document's evolution, both from the perspective of specific devices and significant issues. The information in this paper will help readers to understand the role of the manual, how it has evolved into its present form, and why it is written in the current manner.


Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate cases of Urinary tract infection (UTI) and Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in pregnant women in a Brazilian city, as well as identify the pathogens causing these diseases and its antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Also, we investigated the antibiotic therapy used in pregnant women to treat UTI and ASB, and the comorbidities which can be related to increased risk of these type of infection. Methods: This study was prospective research, descriptive and exploratory, with a qualitative approach, conducted among 35 pregnant women from October 2019 at Basic Health Unit (BHU) in Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil. Patient's data were obtained using specific terms in the search filters from data base of BHU, as well the results of identification of bacterial species isolated from urine culture and the Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST). Results: From 35 study participants, 34.3% had a presumptive diagnosis of ASB and 65.7% had a diagnosis of symptomatic UTI. The predominant bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (n=11) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (n=2). The AST revealed a low rate of resistance to antimicrobials used for the treatment of UTI. The antimicrobial agents most prescribed was cephalexin. Further, 13 pregnant women presented comorbidities. Also, 20% presented premature delivery and 11,4% babies presented neonatal diseases. Conclusion: In this study, it was possible to know which bacterial species are commonly isolated from pregnant women urine cultures and evaluate the isolates susceptibility profile, as well as analyze the common antimicrobial therapy prescribed to these women.


On the foundation of a general understanding of the current experimental teaching contents for P.E.majors in colleges and universities,this paper presents reference to deepen the experimental teaching reform for P.E.majors after doing research on the P.E. teaching content system in colleges and universities.


A hierarchical tracking controller for a car-like mobile robot subject to nonholonomic constraints is designed in this paper. The special structure of the derived equations of motion makes it possible to separate the design into three levels: motion planning, kinematic, and dynamic. In the proposed scheme, a fuzzy inference engine in the kinematic level is used to change the desired trajectory computed from the motion planning level. A sliding mode controller is adopted to track the new reference values of privileged coordinates in the dynamic level, which subsequently drives the non-privileged coordinates to the desired values. From the simulation results, it is shown that such hierarchical tracking control which simultaneously takes kinematics and dynamics into consideration indeed effectively solve the tracking problem. All the variables can be steered to their desired values asymptotically, which is assured by the skew-symmetric property of the reduced Appell equation.


Concept retention between courses is a recurring problem for engineering educators – one that is exacerbated by the disjointed nature of the engineering curriculum. One possible solution to the problem, a multi-year design/build/test project, is currently being studied by the authors. The project, a bench-scale hybrid powertrain, is completed by our students over the course of five semesters. The focus of this paper is the set of electronic circuitry needed to sense and control the powertrain. This is the latest installment in a series of papers discussing the project; see [2-6] for a fuller description. The "prime mover" in the benchtop hybrid is a small engine powered by compressed air, which is designed and fabricated by students during their Junior year. The goal of the powertrain is to convert the maximum amount of energy stored in the compressed air to motion at the output shaft of the powertrain. In order to accomplish this, the students need a means of sensing the speeds of each of the shafts in the powertrain, as well as monitoring the amount of compressed air being sent to the engine and the electrical power sent to/from the battery pack. In addition, the instructor needs to measure compressed air use and to provide a controlled load at the output of the powertrain. Some parts of the sensing/control circuitry (e.g. the tachometer) are built by the students, while other parts are fabricated by the faculty as part of the set of benchtop "workstations" used by the students. This paper will present and discuss each of the electronic circuits in the sensing/control/loading system. The circuits described in the paper (e.g. tachometer, motor driver, electrical load) have wide application in automotive engineering and robotics, and it is hoped that by presenting a thorough description of each circuit, instructors at other institutions can benefit from our successes and failures and adopt individual modules from the hybrid powertrain into their own laboratory instruction. Introduction One of the most exciting innovations in automotive technology is the development and realization of the hybrid-electric powertrain. The most commercially successful hybrid vehicle has been the Toyota Prius [1]. Students at Rowan University design and fabricate a bench-scale version of the Toyota Hybrid System over the course of five semesters, as a way of integrating the mechanical engineering curriculum. Parts of this project have been described in earlier papers [2], [3], [4], [5] and only a short background will be given here. A wealth of information about the project is available on the author's website www.benchtophybrid.com. It is important to note that we are mechanical engineers and our areas of expertise do not cover electronic circuit design. While we have frequently consulted with our colleagues in the Electrical Engineering department, much of what is discussed in this paper has been learned through trial and error in conducting this project with our students. This paper discusses a set of experiments that faculty members at other institutions who wish to devise hands-on projects for their students in robotics, controls, or other electromechanical systems. The circuits described here have wide application, for example the motor/generator board could easily be adapted for use in a benchtop dynamometer, and the inexpensive, reliable tachometer can be incorporated into any speed control system. Of course, the authors welcome any suggestions for improvement to the circuits described here. Figure 1: Overhead view of benchtop hybrid powertrain. All three motor/generators are identical, but have differing roles in the powertrain. The three tachometer boards are used to sense rotational speeds at important points in the powertrain. The Benchtop Hybrid Figure 1 shows an overhead view of the bench-scale hybrid powertrain that students in our program work with. The main difference between the bench-scale version and the Toyota Hybrid System is that an air engine is used instead of a gasoline-powered engine as the prime mover [6]. Driving torque is provided by the Air Engine and DC motor, and the Generator is used to store energy during coasting or downhill portions of the driving cycle. The Load Motor is used by the instructor to provide a driving cycle for the powertrain. During an uphill stretch the Load Motor is used as a generator, which puts a load on the powertrain. During downhills, the Load Motor is driven as a motor, which "back drives" the powertrain, allowing energy to be stored by the Generator. There are three Tachometers, which measure the speed of each shaft in the powertrain. The top two tachometers are used by the students to control the speed of the Air Engine and DC Motor and the lower tachometer, mounted to the load motor, is used by the instructor to measure the deviation from set point speed of the powertrain. There are three major electronic components in the powertrain that will be discussed in this paper. The Tachometer Board is used to measure the rotational speed of a particular shaft in the powertrain. The Motor/Generator Board is used to drive a DC motor or to provide an electrical load when it is used as a generator. And the Solenoid Board is used to regulate the speed of the Air Engine. All of these circuits have been designed and tested by us, and have been used by students in completing the Benchtop Hybrid project. The full circuit diagrams and EAGLE CAD files can be found on the Benchtop Hybrid website, www.benchtophybrid.com. Air Engine Generator DC Motor Planetary Gearset


Psychological and physical conditions may influence the behaviour and satisfaction of mountaineers. This exploratory study aims to investigate the influence of spirituality and physical activity level on responsible behaviour and mountaineering satisfaction among mountaineers on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. We surveyed all mountaineers at the base of Mount Kinabalu after the completion of their climb over a period of one month in 2013. A total of 916 mountaineers completed the questionnaires and we analysed the data using structural equation modelling. The findings indicated that spirituality positively influences both responsible mountaineering behaviour and satisfaction. A high physical activity level moderates both of these relationships. The study contributes to knowledge on the important roles of and physical activity level in influencing both responsible behaviour and satisfaction among mountaineers. It also provides theoretical, marketing and managerial contributions.


Since it is difficult to protect servers from high-volume scraping, a new way to reduce excessive requests is needed. Using rougher methods such as rate limit or IP control mechanisms are not sufficient. In this report we propose a new solution to counter high-volume web scraping with blockchain technology. We create a cryptographic algorithm and use it on a mobile device to communicate with an Ethereum network with the purpose to control server access. Our studies seem to indicate that blockchain technology on mobile devices has potential to limit the way information is accessed. Furthermore, blockchains have potential to act as an additional security layer rather than simply a network solution. To determine the practical effectiveness of this solution, more studies are needed.


This catalogue accompanies an exhibition by three artists whose practices question abstract painting. In his formal and pictorial analysis of the works, author Lussier underlines how the term "abstract paintings" (in the plural) is more appropriate for describing the genre today. Beaudoin adopts the viewer's perspective and claims that painting remains relevant and innovative despite the rise of new media practices. Texts in French and English. Bio-bibliographies of the artists; list of works. 5 bibl. ref.


In this article, the author selectively reconstructs the Italian debate on Catholic dissent in Italy from the origins of the phenomenon to historians' most recent interpretations. In the seventies, historians began interpreting the phenomenon of "Catholic dissent" in a way that allowed the next generation of historians to bring important ideas to an understanding of the period of contestation in the Church. The new interpretations, though, have not exceeded the limits of an excessively politicized point of view.


Objective To research a new,simple,minimally invasive,safety and effective method to treat the old fracture of scaphoid bone.Methods Eleven patients with old fracture of scaphoid bone were treated by injecting the autogenous red bone marrow.Results The patients were followed up for average8(3~12)months.All old fractures of scaphoid bone were healed satisfactorily,The average union time was treating3months.Conclusion It is effective,rapid suited to outpatient ,minimally invasive and safe procedure for old fracture of scaphoid bone.


Consistency between different UML diagrams is an important challenge in object oriented modeling but UML lacks any mechanism to rigorously check consistency between the models. This paper presents the first formal semantics of UML sequence diagram using Z notation. The main focus of our approach is to guarantee consistency between sequence and class diagram in multi view modeling context. By means of a representative example, we show how our approach is used for the detection of inconsistencies.


In Bayesian models of perception, the magnitude of perceptual biases towards prior expectations depends on the precision of incoming sensory information – the more precise the sensory likelihood, the weaker the bias towards the prior. Perceptual biases can be quantified behaviorally by regression to the mean effects, wherein reports are biased towards the mean of previously presented stimuli. As for many aspects of Bayesian perceptual accounts, the neural bases of regression to the mean remain unclear. Here, we investigate how sensory precision influences neural representations of duration using behavioral modelling and EEG decoding. Data simulated using a Bayesian ideal observer model shows that regression to the mean in a duration reproduction task is stronger with high, compared to low sensory precision, providing preliminary evidence that sensory precision affects regression to the mean in Bayesian observers. Using EEG, we are also investigating how sensory precision affects the accuracy of a multivariate classifier to decode stimulus context based on neural responses to the same physical stimulus. The results of these experiments will provide some of the first evidence explicitly linking these key behavioral and neural indices of Bayesian perceptual perception, providing deeper understanding of one of the most fundamental aspects of human perception.


Implantation of a diapause brain into a diapausing Cftilo larva did not cause the immediate terminatien of the larval diapause. But the same treatment terminated the diapause of decapitated larva. On the other hand, a diapause brain connected with the corpora cardiaca and corpora allata which was implanted into the decapitated diapausing larva produced little effect on the maintenance of ・diapause, These were qujte different from the results shown in Ostrinig larva by Ci.ovTiER et al. (1962), As a trial to approach the soiution of the substantial 'relationship between the corpus allatum and the brain, some model experiments


This paper describes the incidence and nature of neurologic abnormalities in patients with Noonan's syndrome. Of 25 patients, 21 exhibited some neurologic disturbance including mental retardation, motor abnormalities and articulation defects.


PURPOSE: An apparatus and a method for controlling PCM(Pulse Code Modulation) data are provided to use an external memory to directly access to the PCM data in a system having an audio and video decoder. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for controlling PCM data includes an external memory part(44), a bit stream buffer memory part(40) storing audio bit streams, a decoding core part(41) reading and decoding the bit stream of the bit stream buffer memory part by a decoding start signal from an audio decoder, a buffer memory part(42) storing data parsed by the decoding core part, an external memory interface part(43) directly accessing the PCM data of the buffer memory part by control signals of the decoding core part to transmit the PCM data to the external memory part, a digital analog transforming part(45) transforming the PCM data of the external memory part from the external memory interface part.


Our previous studies have shown that administration of glucosamine during resuscitation following trauma‐hemorrhage (T‐H) improved cardiac output and organ perfusion. Glucosamine administration also increased levels of N‐acetyl‐glucosamine (O‐GlcNAc) on proteins in heart and brain. An alternative means of increasing O‐GlcNAc levels is by inhibition of O‐GlcNAcase, which catalyzes removal of GlcNAc from proteins with O‐(2‐acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucopyranosylidene) amino‐N‐phenylcarbamate (PUGNAc). The goal of this study therefore, was to determine whether PUGNAc administration following T‐H also improves recovery following T‐H. Fasted male rats were bled to and maintained at a mean arterial blood pressure of 40 mmHg for 90 min followed by fluid resuscitation. Administration of 300μ l of 20mM PUGNAc 30 min after the onset of resuscitation significantly improved cardiac output compared to the vehicle controls (14±2 vs. 26±2 mls/min/100g body wt; p<0.05); decreased total peripheral resistance (6.2±0.9 vs. 3.7±3 mmHg/mls/min/100g body wt; p<0.05), and increased perfusion of critical organs systems, including kidney, liver and brain, determined 2hrs after the end of resuscitation. PUGNAc also attenuated the T‐H induced increase in plasma IL‐6 levels (864±112 Vs 392±188 pmols/ml; p<0.05). PUGNAc also significantly increased O‐GlcNAc levels in heart, liver and skeletal muscle but not brain. Thus, PUGNAc, like glucosamine, improves cardiac function and organ perfusion and reduced the level of circulating IL‐6 following T‐H. The similar effects of glucosamine and PUGNAc suggest that this protection is mediated via increased protein O‐GlcNAc levels.


Present study describes the results of conservative treatment of 42 children with OME. All patients are prescribed with complex therapy consisted of drug therapy and mechanic therapy. Patients of observation group (n = 20) receive additionally local immune therapy with intranasal "Imunophan" spray according to new scheme of prescription (app. for Patent № 2014114122). Patients of control group (n = 22) are treated with only conventional methods. In case of "Imunophan" treatment, clinical improvement, which was assessed with questionnaire, was observed after one month (points decreased by 1.6) and 3 months (points decreased by 2.1) in comparison with control group. Neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity is significantly increased after one month of "Imunophan" treatment in observation group demonstrated 2.2 points against 1.82 in control group (p


This article examines the status of the Northern Cities Shift (NCS) as a change in progress in Chicago, the largest city within the Inland North. The progression of the NCS in Chicago and its social implementation have never been fully explored. Labov, Ash, and Boberg (2006) report that, for the Inland North as a whole, the NCS remains a vigorous change in progress. The present study finds only limited support for ongoing shifting within Chicago. Acoustic data from thirty-six speakers indicate that none of the three earliest shifting events, BAT, BOT, and BOUGHT, continues to shift in the expected direction in apparent time. Instead, BOT shows a marginal trend toward reversal of the NCS pattern. The three remaining vowels, BET, BIT, and BUT, shift in the expected direction. However, extensive phonetic overlap between BUT and BOUGHT is problematic for the NCS model as a single, integrated chain shift.


in Arthur's founding of the ideal city of Camelot. Arthur's is one of the few Western myths in which civilized society is formed. Over time, many writers, British and American, have paid homage to Arthur's achievement by allegorizing Camelot as the city representing all that is highest in humanity-Malory and Tennyson, perhaps, best of all-but Tennyson was the most outspoken about Camelot's relationship to the political scheme of things:


This article examines the potential civil liability of remote third party texters after the 2013 New Jersey case, Kubert v. Best. This article compares this type of civil liability to other scenarios involving liability for third parties and for cell phone use while driving.


Active play affects the gross motor development of children aged 4-6. Assessment of children's gross motor development can be seen from the type of children's play, namely active play; with children who play actively, children's gross motor development will develop well or normally. This research aims to determine the relationship between active play and gross motor development for children aged 4-6 years. RA. Cut Nyak Dien, Gendingan village, Kedungwaru district, Tulungagung regency on 6-8 February 2015. The research design used a cross-sectional method. They are using a total sampling technique with research subjects, namely one of the parents or guardians of the student and their child aged 4-6 years who are registered at TK RA.Cut Nyak Dien Gendingan village Kec.Kedungwaru Kab.Tulungagung, who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire to determine the type of children's play and DDST (the Denver Development Screening Test) form to determine the level of gross motor development of children. Then the data were analyzed using it to determine the percentage of respondents. Furthermore, the collected data was processed using a statistical test with SPSS version 16 with Spearman rank (rho) with a probability linkage level <a = 0.05. The results of the data analysis showed that out of 72 respondents, almost all of them had a type of active play with appropriate gross motoric development of children, as many as 61 respondents, 84.7%, while with the type of passive play with appropriate development, namely 0 respondents or (0%). The results of the Spearman rank statistical test (rho) show that the value of p = 0.000 < α = 0.05 (significantly related) is obtained. Thus, Ho is rejected, and H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a relationship between active play and gross motor development of children aged 4-6 years. It can be concluded that active play indicates the status of appropriate gross motor development of children. Therefore, it is essential to give counseling and motivation so that parents can provide a type of play appropriate to the gross motor development of children aged 4-6 years.


Al-Dhahir, N., and Cioffi, J. M., Symbol Rate Optimization for the MMSE-DFE on Bandlimited Dispersive Channels,Digital Signal Processing6 (1996), 73–95.

The problem of optimizing the transmission bandwidth of practical coded-modulation transceivers on linear time-invariant dispersive channels corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise and crosstalk, with particular emphasis on digital subscriber loops, is studied in this paper. Under the assumption of a flat input power distribution over the transmission bandwidth, four criteria for bandwidth optimization are analyzed and compared. Our main focus will be on the ideal infinite-length minimum-mean-square-error decision-feedback equalizer (MMSE-DFE); however, finite-length constraints in addition to zero-forcing and linear equalizers are also considered. Furthermore, comparisons between the optimal bandwidth and performance of the MMSE-DFE and a multichannel modulation transceiver, under a variety of operating conditions, are also presented.


Interstitial lung fibroblast activation coupled with extracellular matrix production is a pathological signature of pulmonary fibrosis, and is governed by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad signalling. TGF-β1 and oxidative stress cooperate to drive fibrosis. Cells can produce reactive oxygen species through activation and/or induction of NADPH oxidases, such as dual oxidase (DUOX1/2). Since DUOX enzymes, as extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-generating systems, are involved in extracellular matrix formation and in wound healing in different experimental models, we hypothesised that DUOX-based NADPH oxidase plays a role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis. Our in vivo data (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and mouse models of lung fibrosis) showed that the NADPH oxidase DUOX1 is induced in response to lung injury. DUOX1-deficient mice (DUOX1+/− and DUOX1−/−) had an attenuated fibrotic phenotype. In addition to being highly expressed at the epithelial surface of airways, DUOX1 appears to be well expressed in the fibroblastic foci of remodelled lungs. By using primary human and mouse lung fibroblasts, we showed that TGF-β1 upregulates DUOX1 and its maturation factor DUOXA1 and that DUOX1-derived H2O2 promoted the duration of TGF-β1-activated Smad3 phosphorylation by preventing phospho-Smad3 degradation. Analysis of the mechanism revealed that DUOX1 inhibited the interaction between phospho-Smad3 and the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L, preventing NEDD4L-mediated ubiquitination of phospho-Smad3 and its targeting for degradation. These findings highlight a role for DUOX1-derived H2O2 in a positive feedback that amplifies the signalling output of the TGF-β1 pathway and identify DUOX1 as a new therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis. The data reveal a new function for DUOX1-derived H2O2 as a signalling amplifier of the TGF-1 pathway that causes a chronic long-term fibroblast activation, contributing thus to unrestrained and progressive fibrosis https://bit.ly/39HeEpu


Survival models have a long history in the biomedical and biostatistical literature, and are enormously popular in the analysis of time-to-event data. Very often these data will be grouped into strata, such as clinical sites, geographic regions, and so on. Such data will often be available over multiple time periods, and for multiple diseases. In this paper, we consider hierarchical spatial process models for multivariate survival data sets which are spatio-temporally arranged. Such models must account for correlations between survival rates in neighboring spatial regions, adjacent time periods, and similar diseases (say, diierent forms of cancer). We investigate Cox semiparametric survival modeling approaches, adding spatial and temporal eeects in a hierarchical structure. Due to data limitations and computational complexity issues, we avoid geostatistical (kriging) models, and instead handle spatial correlation by placing a particular multivariate generalization of the conditionally autoregressive (CAR) distribution on the region-speciic frailties. Exempliication is provided using time-to-event data for various cancers from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.


Mechanical precision is a key aspect of the 2 m2 high-rate capable Micromegas detectors for the upgrade of the Small Wheels of the ATLAS muon spectrometer. The Micromegas will be built as quadruplets with cathodes and strip-anodes made of stable honeycomb sandwiches. To achieve the required single plane resolution below 100 μm the deviation from planarity of a single detector plane must not exceed 80 μm in direction perpendicular to the precision coordinate. The global position of the readout strips has to be within 30μm for a single readout-plane of three PCBs, as well as between all four planes of a quadruplet. Precision tooling is used for the correct positioning of readout PCBs and readout sandwich planes. For quality control of the planarity of the sandwich planes a laser distance sensor combined with a coordinate measurement system has been developed. Deviation from planarity below 10 μm can be easily resolved. We will present key features of the challenging construction procedure to achieve this high level of precision as well as our alignment strategies. This includes the construction and commissioning of a 2.5 m2 lightweight rigid structure (stiffback), which has an overall planarity below 15 μm RMS and the measurement of the the blow up of outer planes of a quadruplet due to 2 mbar overpressure of the Ar:CO2 detector gas, the standard situation in ATLAS.


A simple analytically solvable model for description of dynamics of the domain wall depinning process from the closure domain structure in bistable microwires was proposed. In this model closure domain structure is modelled by a single domain wall located in quadratic potential well. Critical parameters of rectangular magnetic field pulse needed to release this wall from the potential well were calculated. Theoretical dependence obtained in this way was fitted to experimental data measured on glass-coated Fe77.5B15Si7.5 microwire. Information about the order of closure domain structure dimension and about the mass of the domain wall, which is depinned from the wire end were obtained in this way.


Han stone reliefs and portrait bricks are distinctive plastic art style of Han.Its display distinctive aesthetics features,such as image style of formation of idol style and story style,expressing the plastic thoughts "knowing" and "feeling" and flowing essence of dance music,make its art style full of pulling force,displaying great boldness and vigorous time essence.


This collection of 12 case studies illustrates the range of problems facing mid-sized cities in the USA and the variety of approaches that mayors have used to cope with them. Topics covered include education, crime, economic development and the political incorporation of minorities.


Purpose – The purpose of the study is to examine the prices of some of the most widely traded stocks from Taiwan, Brazil and South Africa for indications of psychological barriers at round numbers. Design/methodology/approach – The sample under study includes a group of 24 stocks (8 for each one the emerging markets) during the period 2000-2014. We test for uniformity in the trailing digits of the stock prices and use regression and GARCH analysis to assess the differential impact of being above or below a possible barrier. Findings – We found no consistent psychological barriers in individual stock prices near round numbers. Moreover, we document that the relationship between risk and return tends to be weaker in the proximity of round numbers for about half of the stocks under study. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine the prices of single stocks from emerging markets for indications of psychological barriers at round numbers. Our results advocate special reflection regarding trading strategies linked to support and resistance levels in stock prices.


The prediction ability of patent indicators to earnings-per-share ratio (EPS) of 2,197 China A-shares (listed companies) in Shanghai stock exchange and Shenzhen stock exchange are discussed. The patent leading indicators and patent prediction equations for predicting future EPS were successfully constructed via Granger Causality test and time series regression. We found the stock portfolios selected by the patent-based higher predictive EPS had better performance than the market trend and the traditional higher EPS investment strategy. Especially, the higher predictive EPS growth rate worked well on GE Board though this stock board declined seriously.


When 3H-14C-acetate was supplied to Chlorella pyrenoidosa in the light, glycollic acid became rapidly labelled with tritium and 14C. The \(\frac{{{}^3{\text{H}}}}{{{}^{14}{\text{C}}}}\)ratio of glycollate was 10, whilst the ratio was 4 in the acetate added. Both 3H and 14C from acetate were present in glycollate before they were present in Calvin cycle intermediates, so that glycollate was not formed as a C2-fragment from the Calvin cycle.


The aim of this paper is to test the expectations theory of the term structure of interest rates in the Australian market for short-term financial assets. The paper finds that the joint hypothesis of the expectations theory and zero (or a constant) risk premium cannot be rejected in the period since the introduction of the tender system for sale of government securities in 1979. The floating of the Australian dollar in 1983 did not alter the findings. Copyright 1988 by The Economic Society of Australia.


Placenta accreta complicates the anaesthetic and surgical approach in caesarean section. In this report, a parturient with placenta accreta and multiple drug allergies who was managed using combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for caesarean hysterectomy is discussed.


This tube consists of a minimum number of simple parts easily made in a university shop. It is designed for steady operation up to at least 110 kv, and permits convenient interchange of targets, replacement of filaments, etc.


PURPOSE
5-Methoxy-carbonylamino-N-acetyltryptamine (5-MCA-NAT, a melatonin receptor agonist) produces a clear intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in New Zealand White rabbits and glaucomatous monkeys. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether the hypotensive effect of 5-MCA-NAT was enhanced by the presence of cellulose derivatives, some of them with bioadhesive properties, as well as to determine whether these formulations were well tolerated by the ocular surface.

METHODS
Formulations were prepared with propylene glycol (0.275%), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, 0.5% and 1.0%) of low and medium viscosity and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (0.3%). Quantification of 5-MCA-NAT (100 μM) was assessed by HPLC. In vitro tolerance was evaluated by the MTT method in human corneal-limbal epithelial cells and normal human conjunctival cells. In vivo tolerance was analyzed by biomicroscopy and specular microscopy in rabbit eyes. The ocular hypotensive effect was evaluated measuring IOP for 8 hours in rabbit eyes.

RESULTS
All the formulations demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo tolerance. 5-MCA-NAT in CMC medium viscosity 0.5% was the most effective at reducing IOP (maximum IOP reduction, 30.27%), and its effect lasted approximately 7 hours.

CONCLUSIONS
The hypotensive effect of 5-MCA-NAT was increased by using bioadhesive polymers in formulations that are suitable for the ocular surface and also protective of the eye in long-term therapies. The use of 5-MCA-NAT combined with bioadhesive polymers is a good strategy in the treatment of ocular hypertension and glaucoma.


MICROSCOPE is a fundamental physics space mission which aims at testing the Equivalence Principle (EP) with an accuracy of $10^{−15}$. The gravitational signal is measured precisely on-board a drag-free microsatellite by a differential electrostatic accelerometer which includes two cylindrical test masses made of different materials. The masses are servo-controlled along their six degrees of freedom and the MICROSCOPE experiment takes advantage of this specific configuration with 12 data channels. A major point concerns the digitization and computation noise throughout the loop, which should be maintained negligible with respect to the physical noise. This requires dedicated converters, filters and high frequency operations even if the EP test is performed at frequency about $10^{−3}$ Hz.


The adsorption of octa(oxyethylene) monododecyl ether (C12E8) from water onto silica gela system of technical as well as environmental interestis investigated at various temperatures using liquid chromatographic techniques. The isotherms obtained are of the two-step type. The first step at low adsorbed amounts has scarcely been observed in the past. Therefore, this study focuses on this area. The sorption isotherms and the influence of temperature on these isotherms indicate different adsorption mechanisms for the two isotherm steps. Whereas the first step seems to be related to hydrogen bonds between hydrophilic surfactant groups and surface silanol groups, the second step can be well explained by the formation of hemimicelles on the surface. For the determination of the sorption isotherms, a liquid chromatographic technique, an elution analysis, is introduced. The so-called "elution on a plateau" technique measures the derivative of an isotherm and therefore can provide additional details about the cour...


The aim of this work was to investigate the production of phycocyanin by Spirulina platensis under different spectra of light. The dependent variables evaluated were the amount of phycocyanin obtained and its purity, demonstrating that there might be a restructuring of phycobilisomes, especially when the culture was subjected to red light, which increased the purity level up to 33% with a reduction of 16% in phycocyanin content, but with higher photosynthetic efficiency compared to natural light.