This study aims to explore the root of Pancasila as national ideology of Indonesia. Two research questions arised: 1) what kind of cultural root of Pancasila in the life of Indonesian people; 2) what kind of processes of Indonesian leaders in formulating Pancasila. Method used was documentary study, both primary and secondary documents. The results show that many parts of Pancasila have to be culture of Indonesian. On the other hand, reconstruction of formulating Pancasila has to be deviated by political power of interest group. Nugroho Notosusanto as the New Order historian wanted to de-Soekarno-ization through heroificated Muhammad Yamin as Pancasila discoverer.


The main objective of the present work is to find, locate and delineate some subsurface morphological structures at area near Haqlanyiah town lying in the western part of Iraq, either as an isolated karst cavity features or as buried channel features by using three different geophysical methods, representing by electromagnetic conducting method, VLF-Radiohm electromagnetic resistivity method and electrical resistivity method with horizontal profiling using wenner array. The study area accupies an area (100x300m) and the survey was carried out along thirty one traverses with (10m) separation and (10m) grid interval. The elaborated field data were subjected to the process of analysis, a great coincidence between method results is obtained, then the results show a presence of two anomalous zones in which its characteristic features gave an indication of a presence two possible elongated concealed channels trending in two different directions as in E-W and NW-SE


A flexible and efficient ECC processor is presented in this paper. We design an application-specific instruction set for the processor. The proposed parallel architecture ECC processor provides the lowest level finite-field operations and supports arbitrary elliptic curves and various ECC algorithms over general prime filed. Based on 130 nm standard-cell technology, the processor requires 184µs for a 160-bit scalar multiplication based on NAF algorithm.


Objective: In this study, it is aimed to do a cross-sectional evaluation of treatment preferences in tic disorders in a clinical sample. Method: The hospital records of cases diagnosed with tic disorders who were admitted to our clinic between May 2013 and June 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. SPSS 17.0 program was used to evaluate the data. The level of significance was accepted as p <0.05 Results: Our sample was consisted of 92 children with a mean age of 10.8±3.2 years. Distribution of diagnosis of tic disorders were as follows: Tic Disorders (TD)-Not Otherwise Specified (46.7%), Tourette Syndrome (23.9%), Chronic Motor TD (20.7%), and Transient TD (8.7%).45.7% of cases had at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder. While most frequently preferred class of psychotropic medications were atypical antipsychotics (33.7%), most frequently prescribed psychotropic medications were aripiprazole, atomoxetine, risperidone, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), methylphenidate, hydroxyzine and haloperidol, respectively by psychiatrists. Predictors of medication use were found to be being an adolescent and having chronic tic disorder (TS or chronic motor TD). Discussion: The frequent preference of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of tic disorders is similar with some treatment guidelines.The use of medications used for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and SSRIs can be explained by treatment of comorbid conditions.Our study is one of the first studies on pharmacotherapy applications in tic disorders from our country. In order to generalize our findings, prospectively planned, multicentered studies with larger samples are needed in children with tic disorders.


The sidelobe reduction of asymmetric linear arrays by tuning element spacings is presented. Using appropriate point matching and least square error approximation of the radiation power distribution, further sidelobe reduction may be achieved with slight beamwidth broadening. Two simulation results are given to show the feasibility of the proposed technique.


The aim of the paper is to present the selected urban spaces as examples of therapeutic and integrative landscapes both on the scale of individual and society, that may form inspiration for new approach to urban landscape. The use of set actions and mechanisms shown on a scale of the city, place and detail allows us to become aware of the direction that is desired in the shaping of the modern cities – construction of landscapes in which "the person is visible in". Thanks to adoption of this direction in shaping of space we have the chance to create a city with main feature is the closeness, so needed by people.


Suboptimal stopping rules are developed for the sequential detection of one of M orthogonal signals. One procedure is derived from the information measures associated with sequential probability ratio tests (SPRTs). The resultant stopping rules are relatively simple functions of M and the error probabilities desired for the sequential tests.


The cry for land in New Zealand in 1890 was no mere urban sentimentalism. It was no mere factitious outcome of the preaching of theorists … But in the main it was a genuine hunger for land.


Methodical approaches to teaching chemistry under conditions of limited amount of teaching hours for students with different learning abilities that are studying at the preparatory department for Ukrainian citizens of Bukovinian medical university are considered in this article. Based on the results of mental activity diagnosis for each group of teenagers methodical techniques for working with students were developed. It is proposed to use explanatory, illustrative training with problematic elements while teaching basic, principal topics, and for the sections that are a logical conclusion of basic topics to use the method of proactive knowledge for the groups of students with creative and constructive mindset. Systematization and structuring of studied material should be conducted through usage of graph-logic schemes and tables. It is advisable to practice skills in all groups of students regardless of their level of knowledge wherein for the groups with creative and constructive mindset tasks modeled from real situations and problems of increased complexity should be solved. Extracurricular independent work should be organized with different learning abilities of students taken in mind by developing tasks that are differentiated by their difficulty rate.


Objective To explore the clinical value of transthoracic needle biopsy of peripheral pulmonary solitary nodules under CT-guided.Methods 50 paitents(between March 2004 and march 2005)with peripheral pulmonary solitary codules were collected,which were performed by percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy under CT-guided and were confimed by sur- gery pathology,clinical therapy or follow-up survey Aspirating needles and detachable biopsy gun had been used to choose the best lamella and point of puncture to get samples.Results The 50 cases were proved to be 38 eases of pulmonary carcinoma (23 cases of adenocareinoma,12 cases of squamous carcinoma,3 cases of small carcinoma)8 cases of tuberculoma,4 cases of inflammatory pseudotumor.And by percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy under CT-guided they were diagnosed to be 36 ca- ses of pulmonary carcinoma(21 cases of adenocarcinoma,12 cases of squamous carcinoma,3 cases of small cell carcinoma), 8 cases of tuberculoma,6 cases of inflammatory pseudotumor.The complications were 5 eases(10.0%)of pneumothorax,3 cases(6.0%)of hemoptysis,2 cases(4.0%)of sputum containing blood.Conclusion Percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy under CT-guided provided a safe and efficient diagnostic method for peripheral pulmonary solitary nodules with few com- plications.


By domestic regulation, electromagnetic emission test is intended to measure the broadband emission generated by electrical or electronic systems fitted to the vehicle. All these systems capable of generating broadband emissions which can be switched on permanently by the driver or passenger should be in operation in normal mode. However cool ing fan could not be controlled arbitrarily by driver or passenger but operated automatically according to electronic control unit. For that reason the research was conducted to compare fan running and no operating of fan. We can find the maximum 30 ㏈ difference at any frequencies. As a result of this test, we can reflect that this research is to be used reference guide for test condition.


Amorphous gallium oxide thin films were grown by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition on (100) silicon substrates from trimethylgallium Ga(CH3)3 precursor and oxygen plasma. At 200 °C, the growth per cycle is in the range of 0.65–0.70 A for O2 plasma exposure times ranging from 3 up to 30 s during each cycle. The effect of O2 plasma exposure times on the interfacial SiOx regrowth and the electrical properties was investigated. In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry shows that the SiOx regrowth occurs during the first three cycles and is limited to 0.27 nm for plasma times as long as 30 s. Increasing the O2 plasma exposure during each ALD cycle leads to a drastic decrease in the leakage current density (more than 5 orders of magnitude for 30 nm films), which is linked to the suppression of oxygen vacancy states as evidenced by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Interestingly, an increase in the dielectric constant with increasing O2 plasma exposure time is observed, reaching a value of er∼14.2, larger than that of single crystalline β-Ga2O3. This study highlights the crucial role of oxygen plasma exposure time in the control and tuning of the electrical properties of amorphous gallium oxide films.


The effectiveness of fundamental and applied research is realized in the field of technological and hardware solutions, it allows creating a new generation of food products whose quality indicators go beyond those typical of the traditional assortment. This to a certain extent applies to the fat and oil industry. An important scientific and at the same time practical result is the proposal to consider the encapsulation process not only from the technological point of view. This requires a scientific approach both in the choice of the components of the food system, and in the realization of their properties under the prevailing conditions. From a practical point of view, this determines the given technical and constructive solutions. To date, there is no theory and practice of extrusion of two fluids through the "air" technological medium, one of which is flowable oil content, and the other is a solution of the ionotropic polysaccharide. There are no scientific and technical principles for the formation of the physical form of the capsule, as well as industrial devices for their production. Food technologies with the use of fat-and-oil raw materials encapsulated are not revealed, and information on the effect of a new food form of fat-and-oil raw materials on the formation of product quality indicators in the technological flow and during storage is not generalized. To obtain a controlled technological process for the production of fat-and-oil encapsulated raw material, it is important to provide laminar flow of ionotropic shell-maker and fat-and-oil raw materials along the product line of the encapsulation device. This is possible under the condition of special constructive maintenance of the process of capsule formation of the "fat-and-oil raw materials - ionotropic shell-maker" system. This served as the basis for determining the physical parameters of the formation of a thermostable capsule. It is proved that the formation of a final capsule with internal contents of fat-and-oil raw material is possible under the condition of an individual design of an extrusion head and a capsulation device that ensure the circumferential rotation of the capsule in the laminar flow of the receiving medium. This allows to form capsules with given organoleptic, commodity, technological properties and the like.


Spectral methods have been applied to many areas of digital system design. Reed-Muller Transform (RMT) is a spectral transform which is self inverse in nature. In this paper, eigen-decomposition of Reed-Muller Transform using Kronecker Product method is introduced. The properties of eigenvectors and eigenvalues of RMT are also illustrated.


Ningaloo-Exmouth region is an area of exceptional beauty and productivity that is supporting a diverse range of local activities (e.g. farming, fishing and oil and gas exploration), while also attracting national and international tourists. The proximity of Ningaloo reef to the coastline and the presence of Cape Range National Park in the same area mean that any development or growth of industries (including tourism) needs to be done with sustainability foremost in mind and with a minimum of unintended effects. Avoiding unintended consequences is particularly important given the vulnerability of the area to cumulative impacts and the implications for pressure on water resources in such an arid area. The greatest influences on coastal systems like those in the Ningaloo-Exmouth region are: climate change; eutrophication and associated nuisance algal blooms; habitat degradation and destruction; species extinctions and introductions; pollutants; changes in water cycles; disturbance of biogeochemical cycles and physical properties like temperature, salinity and pH. Individually, each of these pressures can pose serious management challenges, but in combination their cumulative impacts can rapidly degrade the state of a system. The new set of environmental conditions likely to be created in the Ningaloo-Exmouth region under global climate change (e.g. changes in weather patterns and oceanic water column properties like temperature and pH) are likely to impact the availability of water in the region and may also affect the resilience of the reef to other pressures. This makes any decision that may affect water or the reef of potential concern to the community, management bodies and every industry in the area. Regardless of what the final set of decision is, there will be tradeoffs between sectors and system components and potentially even between generations when addressing questions regarding • the use open or restricted access (by area or activity) for managing load on the system; • the speed of infrastructure and coastal development; and • the relationship between environmental load, eco-efficient practices and technology, the sustainability of regional development and the carrying capacity of the area. Preliminary results show that due to the location, isolation and the distribution of resources in the region, just a few decisions separate a possible future where governance and development encourages growth and sustainable industries, and a possible future where the capacity of the system is exceeded, at great environmental, social and economic cost.


In recent years during the pandemic Wikipedia created more than 5,200 new pages regarding COVID-19 cases, with an accumulation of more than 400 million pages by mid-June 2020. Wikipedia is one of the most popular websites of our time. In this case Wikipedia always integrates new and fast research. To get an opinion from wikipedia text, sentiment analysis is needed. The analysis was conducted using a classification containing public sentiment regarding the issue of COVID-19 in Indonesia. The classification method used in this study is naive bayes classifier (NBC). Naïve Bayes Classifier is a popular method of solving classification problems. This classification method is often used in sentiment analysis in both precision and data computing. This wikipedia classification is obtained from each label, namely positive, negative and neutral classes. The results of tests conducted in the classification of naive bayes get a high accuracy of 81%.


Background and Objectives: Using opioid alone for postoperative pain relief is usually inadequate, and higher doses can cause a multitude of complications. A drug, which has anxiolytic property without the adverse effects of traditional analgesics mentioned, may be an attractive choice for postoperative analgesia. This study was done to compare analgesic efficacy of different nonopioid drugs on early postoperative pain and thus opioid-sparing effect. Materials and Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial. Sixty patients scheduled to undergo elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were assessed in the study. Primary Objective: The primary objective of this study was to observe the effect of preemptive pregabalin and pregabalin with intravenous (IV) ketamine on Cumulative analgesic requirement postoperatively. Secondary Objective: The secondary objective of this study was to observe the effect of preemptive pregabalin and pregabalin with IV ketamine on (1) analgesia and (2) adverse effects. Patients were randomly divided into two groups each containing 30 patients. Group P received 150 mg of oral pregabalin, 2 h before induction of anesthesia. Group PK received 150 mg of oral pregabalin, 2 h before induction of anesthesia, and injection ketamine 0.15 mg/kg intravenously just before induction of anesthesia. Heart rate and mean blood pressure (MBP) were observed and recorded at different time intervals during surgery. Heart rate, MBP, time to first analgesic demand, visual analog scale (VAS) score, total postoperative analgesic requirement, sedation score, and side effects were recorded in postoperative period. Results: In Group P, the mean total analgesia requirement in postoperative period was 44.47 ± 5.06 mg, whereas in Group PK, it was 41.8 ± 2.34 mg (P = 0.006). VAS score and time to first analgesic demand were insignificantly higher in Group P. No statistically significant difference was found in side effect profile among the two groups. Conclusion: From our study, it could be concluded that a combination of oral pregabalin and IV ketamine when administered preoperatively can decrease opioid consumption while providing good pain control.


Abstract Structural and histochemical features of the hilar region in the seed of Leucaena leucocephala Lam. (De Wit) were investigated by bright-field and fluorescence light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In the dry seeds the lens appeared as an elliptical depression prevailing in size over the hilum and micropyle. In the imbibed seeds, both naturally softened seed and those requiring softening with boiling water, the lens rose gradually to form a cavity between the palisade layer and the mesophyll below. This apoplastic pathway was traced using Ruthenium Red dye. In place of the hour-glass cells, the hilar region contained abnormal cells, called 'white cells' because they remained unstained by Toluidine Blue O at pH 4·4. The apparently opposing characteristics of the lens are discussed. It is hypothesized that the lens acts as a valve. By remaining closed it hinders the entry of water because of the presence of a high light-line rich in callose and in lipid-like substances and to the almost total lack of hydrophilic polysaccharide material. Under favourable conditions for germination, the lens opens, allowing water to enter, through a thin palisade layer and with the probable intervention of the 'white cells'.


The aim of the present work is to develop the 6201 alloy, which is the most used for conductor cables by adding different amount of Ce into Al-Mg-Si alloy namely (0.0, 0.024, 0.043, 0.054, 0.133, 0.166 and 0.194 wt% Ce) concentration. Sample alloys were homogenized by annealing at 540 C for various duration in range (1⁄2 to 5 hours), followed by water quenching. Tensile tests, hardness, electrical conductivity tests, microstructure characterization in Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) have all been investigated as-cast and annealing. The results indicate that the alloys with Ce content make a more refined structure of grains and have higher tensile properties especially in range (0.043 to 0.054 wt% Ce) content and also hardly increase resistivity rather than the alloy which is free of cerium. [Journal of American Science. 2010;6(12):239-252]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).


Abstract : This report addresses issues of quality in the context of management decision aids. It proposes rules for high quality management support procedures using these aids, and presents criteria for more effective implementation of these decision aids into the strategic management of science and technology. Two illustrative examples of quality in the context of management decision aids are presented. The first addresses quality in the context of science and technology roadmaps, and the second addresses quality in the context of information retrieval for science and technology text mining. Finally, the report discusses the major barriers to implementation and integration of these decision aids into the strategic science and technology management process: * Techniques treated as add-ons * Techniques treated independently * Mismatch between performers and users.


Emulsions are a type of metastable colloid composed of two or more immiscible liquids. These systems are widely used in a variety of applications, such as cosmetics, drug delivery, food, etc. Although there exist theoretical foundations which offer insights into these systems, industry practices often favor empirical methods. In this work a multiscale approximation is used for the study of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. This approach allows for the analysis of interrelationships among macroscopic, microscopic, process, and formulation variables. Additionally, the emulsions were modeled with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), which permitted a better understanding of the role process variables plays. It was possible to establish relationships among incorporated energy, elastic modulus, mean droplet diameter, and stability measurements. In addition, differences in impeller geometry were found to have an effect in the aforementioned variables. Finally, the CFD model allowed for the observation of gradients i...


We proposed a novel active‐matrix compensation pixel circuit for the displays using self‐emitting devices (e.g. organic light emitting diodes, micro‐LEDs, perovskite LEDs, et al.). This pixel circuit has two operation modes, the bright mode and the dark mode. This circuit provides both high luminance and excellent gradation quality which are crucial for outside visibility.


Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is an established unit operation in the manufacturing process of many products. However, development and integration of multistage LLE for new products and separation routes is often hindered and is probably more cost intensive due to a lack of robust development strategies and reliable process models. Even today, extraction columns are designed based on pilot plant experiments. For dimensioning, knowledge of phase equilibrium, hydrodynamics and mass transport kinetics are necessary. Usually, those must be determined experimentally for scale-up, at least in scales of DN50-150 (nominal diameter). This experiment-based methodology is time consuming and it requires large amounts of feedstock, especially in the early phase of the project. In this study the development for the integration of LLE in a new manufacturing process for artemisinin as an anti-malaria drug is presented. For this, a combination of miniaturized laboratory and mini-plant experiments supported by mathematical modelling is used. System data on extraction and washing distributions were determined by means of shaking tests and implemented as a multi-stage extraction in a process model. After the determination of model parameters for mass transfer and plant hydrodynamics in a droplet measurement apparatus, a distributed plug-flow model is used for scale-up studies. Operating points are validated in a mini-plant system. The mini-plant runs are executed in a Kühni-column (DN26) for extraction and a packed extraction column (DN26) for the separation of side components with a throughput of up to 3.6 L/h, yield of up to 100%, and purity of 41% in the feed mixture to 91% after washing.


Rescreening negative Papanicolaou (Pap) smears alone is the most commonly employed method of determining the false‐negative rate (FNR) or the false‐negative proportion for a laboratory. Acceptable FNRs have been proposed, and the number of slides needed to be rescreened to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in FNRs has been determined. The authors sought to determine the range of FNRs this method can measure and, by implication, the value of this method.


Codon usage bias in UL53 gene of DEV was analyzed in this paper, the results indicated that it had strong bias towards to the synonymous codons with A or T at the third codon position. The codon usage bias of DEV UL53 gene and 26 reference herpesviruses were analyzed by EMBOSS program and RSCU. In addition, Phylogenetic tree indicated DEV was evolutionarily closer to CaHV-2, CaHV-3, MeHV-1. The ENC-GC3S plot revealed that the genetic heterogeneity in UL53 gene of herpesviruses was constrained by G+C content at the third codon position. Conclusions: The extent of codon usage bias in the DEV UL53 gene was highly correlated with the gene composition. Analysis of correspondence through the SAS statistics software showed the yeast expression system might be more suitable for the expression of DEV genes.


��� In the preface to her work on Beckett, Pinter, and Stoppard as radio dramatists, Elissa Guralnick observes: "The distinguishing feature of plays conceived for radio, that we do not see them, is true not only literally, but also metaphorically. Unlikely to be noticed in reviews or in scholarship, even less likely to be published—at least post-1950 (earlier is different); and at least in English-speaking countries (Germany is different)—radio plays ghost away on the airwaves, leaving not a trace of their existence" (ix). While Guralnick is interested in English-language radio dramatists, this statement could have been written with French author Nathalie Sarraute in mind. Known primarily as a novelist loosely associated with the Nouveau Roman Movement in the mid-twentieth century, Sarraute's work as a dramatist has been overlooked, or rather underheard, given that Wve of her six plays were originally conceived for radio and all have been the subject of radiophonic productions. While there exists a number of book-length studies of various thematic and stylistic evolutions within Sarraute's prose, her theater is less often considered, and when it is, it is mostly analyzed in its staged iterations. Rare are the critical studies that examine her plays as radio dramas or place them within the larger context of her literary production. I believe it is essential to do both. Sarraute was initially reluctant to write in a form other than prose, so it is not inconsequential that when she decided to venture into another literary genre—that is, theater—she chose the radiophonic medium. In all of her writing, Sarraute explores a phenomenon she calls tropisms, subconscious and prelinguistic movements and sensations that are triggered by interactions with other people and the world around us. Her texts are characterized by a markedly oral style that calls for their vocalization. I understand Sarraute's decision to compose radio dramas as


Article represents the results of historical and medical bibliographical research reflecting the issues of restoration and continuous improvement of pediatric sanatorium and resort healthcare system in USSR during the post-WWII period. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the state of sanatorium and resort recreational services for child population whose health indicators highly deteriorated during WWII. The healthcare authorities in USSR faced the task of developing effective measures for the speedy restoration of children's health. In solving this problem, the highest importance was given to the development of children's sanatorium and resort healthcare system. Based on the thorough research of both published and unpublished documents in the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF), articles published in journals, scientific digests, chapters from monograph works, etc., it was found that almost all pediatric sanatoriums, the "Pioneer Camps" and other healthcare institutions, especially those located in the Soviet southern resorts, were occupied by the Nazis during the WWII and were fully or partially destroyed due to hostilities, plus the survived ones have then been reorganized into evacuation facilities and temporary hospitals. That is the reason why the restoration of sanatorium and resort recreational facilities became one of the priority tasks in the post-WWII period. Despite huge growth in the number of pediatric sanatoriums and other children's health-improving institutions in 1947 compared to 1946, a decrease in child morbidity rate, an increase in the medical staff count serving pediatric patients, the recreational system had showed certain defects. Negative trends were caused by the lack in financing, laborers and qualified staff as well as re-profiling of children's healthcare facilities into those for adults. Thanks to the timely and adequate governmental measures intent to the restoration of pediatric sanatorium and resort recreation services, the bed capacity reached the pre-WWII level by 1950; a network of specialized sanatoriums started to develop and therefore increase in the health-improving measures efficiency was noted then.


From a theoretical approach based on political ecology and environmental justice, we assess how forestry development has generated socio-spatial dynamics of...


This paper presents the general process to reduce the noise and vibration of a household refrigerator. The main noise and vibration are caused by two axial fans and hermetic reciprocating compressor. The air-born noise from the fans was reduced by the optimization of gap parameters related to fan and shroud, the new design of multi-blade fan and shroud, and the improvement of flow path. The structure-born noise was reduced by decreasing the vibration transmitted from compressor, and improving the discharge pipe shape and the mounting systems to support the compressor and condenser. The SYSNOISE and ANSYS was used for the computer simulations to analyse the acoustic and structure modal characteristics.


Value-added utilization of pineapple waste is very import for the food industry and environmental protection. In this study, whey protein (2.6%, w/w) was added to pineapple waste in order to make up for the protein deficiency of the raw material and give the final products better flavor characteristics. Autochthonous Lactococcus lactis LA5 and Hanseniaspora opuntiae SA2 were used for the co-inoculation of pineapple by-products; during fermentation, the metabolite profiling and microbial community dynamics were investigated. Results showed that the contents of organic acids, total FAAs, total phenolic compounds and flavonoids significantly increased with fermentation, and 152 kinds of peptides were identified in the final products. Relevant analyses demonstrated that dominant strains including Lactococcus lactis, Hanseniaspora and Saccharomyces not only significantly promoted the accumulation of organic acids, total phenols and other active substances, but also inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria and further influenced the fermentation process of pineapple waste.


1Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Central Java, Indonesia 2Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Central Java, Indonesia Address for correspondence Rochman Mujayanto, drg, Sp. PM, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Central Java 50112, Indonesia (e-mail: email@example.com).


Increased concentrations and molecular weights of polyethylene glycols (PEG1000—20000) decreased the velocities of actin and regulated thin filaments (at pCa 4). Further, in the absence of Ca2+, regulated thin filaments were moderately motile in the presence of PEG. The excluded volume change (ΔV) during their interactions was estimated by determining the relationship between osmotic pressure exerted by PEG and the decreased ratio of the velocities in the presence and absence of PEG. ΔV for regulated thin filaments was approximately 2-fold higher than that of actin filaments. This result suggests that the geometric configuration on filaments influences the excluded volume during interactions of actomyosin and modulates the motility.


In the present study we synthesized aza‐analogs of 8‐styrylxanthines, in which the ethenyl bridge is replaced by an imine, amide, or azo function, in order to investigate structure‐activity relationships of the 8‐substituent of A2A‐selective xanthine derivatives. Thus, various 8‐substituents were combined with theophylline or caffeine, respectively, and affinities of the novel compounds for adenosine A1‐ and A2A‐receptors were determined and compared with those of analogous 8‐styrylxanthine derivatives. 8‐(Benzylideneamino)caffeine derivatives exhibited high affinity and selectivity for A2A‐adenosine receptors, but were unstable in aqueous buffer solution at physiological pH values. 8‐(Phenylazo)caffeine derivatives were less potent than corresponding 8‐styrylcaffeine derivatives at adenosine receptors. The most potent azo compound of the present series was 8‐(m‐chlorophenylazo)caffeine (14b) exhibiting a Ki value of 400 nM at A2A‐adenosine receptors and 20‐fold selectivity versus A1‐receptors. Due to the facile synthetic access to 8‐(phenylazo)xanthine derivatives, which are obtained by coupling of 8‐unsubstituted xanthines with phenyldiazonium salts, 14b may be an interesting new lead compound for the development of more potent and selective A2A‐antagonists with azo structure.


A careful review of secular trends from the 20th century, especially in the Western world, shows a general increase in average adult height, a reduction in cardiovascular and infectious diseases, and an increase in cancer diagnosis and life expectancy, among others (1, 2). However, whether these secular trends are parallel and unrelated events driven by our progress in science and development or intricately related to a common trigger remains a mystery today. Nonetheless, these observations continue to intrigue investi-gators and have led to important publications in the literature. Adult height results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, especially during childhood (3–5). The heritability of height is reported as being between 0.60 and 0.95 (3), and height is less heritable in women than in men (4, 5). Thus, 60–95% of the variance in height within a population can be accounted for by the variance of genes within that population. It is plausible that the increasing average adult height is a preferred trait being propagated by natural selection. However, unlike genetically specified traits, environmental factors that begin during gestation also play a signif-icant role in determining adult height. In this issue of the Journal, Morency et al. (6) provide an example of an association between diet (environment) and childhood height in the TARGet Kids Collaboration study. With the use of a cross-sectional approach, the authors show a dose-dependent association between higher noncow-milk consumption and lower height in 5034 children. It should be noted that several environmental factors also influence the transition from childhood height to adult height.


We have measured rates of thermal elimination of the title compounds to give the corresponding cyclic amides, between 587.0 and 698.5 K. The relative rates (primary : secondary : tertiary) at 600 K are 1 : 27.0 : 3720 for the pyrazines, and 1 : 26.4 : 4150 for the pyrimidines. These ratios are somewhat larger than for the corresponding 2-alkoxypyridines and suggest that C–O bond breaking is kinetically more significant in the pyrazines and pyrimidines, leading to a transition state with greater carbocationic character. This is consistent with electron withdrawal provided by the aza 'substituent' facilitating C–O bond cleavage. It does not however lead to a general increase in reactivity (as would be the case for pyrolysis of comparable esters) because this electron withdrawal reduces the nucleophilicity of the nitrogen involved in the elimination. This latter is particularly important for the primary and secondary compounds (which have more Ei- like transition states) than for the tertiary compounds, which therefore show a normal reactivity vs. rate spread pattern. The importance of the nucleophilicity of the nitrogen in the alkoxy-heterocycles, and its ability to be modified, may stem in part from the dual pathway available for transmission of substituent effects in the aromatic ring.


The invention discloses a preparation method of trans-4-replacing cyclohexyl formaldehyde and trans-4-replacing cyclohexyl olefin, which uses trans-4-replacing cyclohexyl formic acid as raw material, and prepares the trans-4-cyclohexyl olefin by acyl chloride, silicon hydrogen alkane reduction, and reaction with methyl bromide triphenylphosphine quarter phosphonium. The preparation method of the trans-4-replacing cyclohexyl formaldehyde and the trans-4-replacing cyclohexyl olefin is simple in method, clean in using, and has wide application prospect.


The works by A.S.Grin form the supertext unity of a special type, every text in which interacts with a wide range of works inside the writer's creation. One of mechanisms of the supertext prose unity is an individual-author's locuses' system in the prose by A.S.Grin, which totality engenders the special type of


In recent times, large waste is produced especially in an urban area due to population with careless handling which calls for worries. Hence, the study determines the effect of Akanran dumpsite on the groundwater quality for drinking and domestic purposes. It employs the geophysical and geochemical methods. Wenner configuration was adopted with constant electrode separation ranging from 5 to 25 m to acquire five profiles within and outside the dumpsite and processed using DIPROWIN 4.01 software. Soil and water samples were collected and analysed. The 2-D pseudosection revealed a very low resistivity value which is less than 10 ohm-meter and is suspected to be leachate infiltration which migrates to a depth of 7 m. The results of soil analysis show that clay ranges between 9.61 - 18.8 %., silt between 9.27 – 19.7 % and an average bulk density of 1.48 (relatively high for a sandy loam) which suggests that infiltration of the leachate is minimal. The pH of the water sample analysis obtained is 6.9, suggesting acidic concentrates in the groundwater of the study area. However, this pH value for drinking water is within the permissible level of 6.5 – 8.5 indicating that the groundwater in the study area is suitable for drinking and also for other purposes. A Nitrate level of 2.56 mg/l in the water sample falls within 50.0 mg/l, and nitrite level of 0.09 mg/l which is moderate when compared to the permissible level limit of 0.20 mg/l. The concentration of heavy metals in hand-dug well sample from Akanran dumpsite are Zn (1.81 mg/l), Cu (0.38 mg/l), Cr (0.003 mg/l) which are within the permissible level limit and Pb (0.21 mg/l) which recorded high metal concentration which may suggest that the dumpsite contain waste metals which may leach down the soil. In conclusion, the groundwater in the area of the survey is safe and there is possible contamination with time.


Imperfect-information game has always been the field that artificial intelligence computer game researchers want to crack. As a typical imperfect-information game, mahjong has also received extensive attention from researchers. This paper mainly takes mahjong as the research carrier, and proposes a mahjong game system architecture based on empirical knowledge, which mainly including professional mahjong game terms analysis, the design of mahjong computer game system and core game strategies. In the strategy, a combination of empirical algorithm and improved search tree algorithm is designed to formulate the player's game behavior in different periods. In the search tree algorithm, an evaluation function is constructed and a method to judge if the hand is in winning state is proposed. Finally, the experimental results show that the system architecture proposed in this article has a high level of game for the rules of popular mahjong, and it also has positive reference significance for other rules of mahjong game and imperfect-information items.


s and presenter details: (In order of presentation – see Provisional Program) 1. Negative positioning and personal integrity in a competitive resources environment


This study formulates a quantizer design problem for controller encryption and proposes static and dynamic quantizers for the solution to this problem. The proposed quantizers achieve asymptotic stability of networked control systems with the encrypted controller by changing a scaling parameter. The scaling parameter of the dynamic quantizer depends on the plant dynamics and it is updated only by the plant state. Therefore, confidentiality of the encrypted control systems is maintained even if they use the proposed dynamic quantizer. Furthermore, this study also introduces the conditions whereby overflow or underflow of the quantizers does not occur. Finally, a numerical example confirms that the quantizers achieve asymptotic stability of a MIMO system with the encrypted state feedback controller.


User feedback could give developer an information on what should be fixed or should be improved. But there are many user feedback that are actually spam. In user feedback, spam contents are more likely to be an inappropriate feedback, a feedback that is not actually a feedback, just some random comment or even a question. Reading and choosing feedback manually could be costly, especially in terms of time and energy. Therefore, this research focuses in building a spam filtering model using Multinomial Naïve Bayes that implement a TF/IDF approach to detect spam automatically. For text classification, Multinomial Naïve Bayes proved on having better speed and having good performance. With TF/IDF, word that highly occurred in many documents has less impact than other so it could help increasing performance from imbalanced dataset. This research aims to implement Multinomial Naïve Bayes for spam filtering in user feedback and to measure performance of the model. Best performance of this classifier was obtained when using up-sampling method and typo corrector with 70:30 ratio of train and test set resulting in 89.25% for accuracy, 45% for precision, 56% for recall, and 50% for F1-Score.


Most of Nagoya City's expressway is built above streets which are 30- 50m wide. The Y-shaped double-deck structure chosen uses box girders with sound absorption boards to reduce noise. The structure of the foundations is illustrated. The alterations necessary to traffic flow, underground services and footpaths are discussed. Details are given of the erection of girders. The process of lifting girders to a height of 28m using rolling-up jacks is illustrated. The construction of a single deck branch of the expressway is also described. This includes the girder structure, foundation structure and the construction of underground sludge tanks. The placing of girders using setting beams is described. For the covering abstract see IRRD 873033.


Objectives The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of parent's media education experience on children's media use and the variables that affect children's ability to control media use.
Methods For this purpose, data from the <2020 Children's Media Usage Survey> of the Korea Press Foundation, which conducted a survey on 2161 parents aged 3 to 9 years in August 2020, was used. To solve the research questions, Reliability analysis, T-test, and hierarchical regression analysis were used.
Results Children of parents who received media education tended to use digital media such as computer, smartphone, and tablet PC, and various platforms and services such as portals, messengers, SNS, and games more often. On the other hand, children of parents without media education used television and online video platforms more often. Parents who received media education tended to be more actively involved in their children's media use process and positively evaluated the media's influence. Parents' media use restriction and control, parents' media use guidance, and children's media education experience were identified as predictive variables that had a positive effect on increasing children's media control ability.
Conclusions It was empirically verified that parents' media education experiences had various effects on children's media use. In addition, in order to increase children's ability to actively use media, it was effective for parents to limit, control, and guide children's media use at home, and to educate children to use media properly. These results are significant in that they have presented a solution to help children develop the ability to appropriately control their media use in the era of multi-media digital media.


Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a sterile triploid plant and belongs to the Iridaceae (Liliales, Monocots). Its genome is of relatively large size and is poorly characterized. Bioinformatics can play an enormous technical role in the sequence-level structural characterization of saffron genomic DNA. Bioinformatics tools can also help in appreciating the extent of diversity of various geographic or genetic groups of cultivated saffron to infer relationships between groups and accessions. The characterization of the transcriptome of saffron stigmas is the most vital for throwing light on the molecular basis of flavor, color biogenesis, genomic organization and biology of gynoecium of saffron. The information derived can be utilized for constructing biological pathways involved in the biosynthesis of principal components of


The polarographic behaviour of Eriochrome Violet B (5-sulpho-2-hydroxybenzene-azo-2-naphthol) and its lanthanide complexes has been investigated in some detail. Earlier workers found the dye to be reduced at the dropping mercury electrode in (I two-electron step to a stable hydrazo compound. The present work shows, however, that four electrons are involved in the reduction, and that the amines are the final reduction products. To explain the apparently anomalous polarographic behaviour of Eriochrome Violet B, a mechanism involving the disproportionation of an unstable hydrazo intermediate is proposed for the reduction. A diffusion current constant of 5 77 ± 0.09 and a diffusion coefficient of 0.57 X cm2 sec-1 were found for the free dye in an ammonia buffer at 26 °C. The lanthanides combine with Eriochrome Violet B in a 1 : 2 ratio. These complexes produce discrete reduction steps which are separated from the free-dye step by a potential difference (ΔE) which depends on the atomic number of the lanthanide. In an ammonia buffer of pH 9.5 the ΔE values vary from 45 mV for lanthanum to 234 mV for lutetium.


The evelopment of the economy that becomes more global makes general banks to use foreign currencies in a transaction at a certain time or circumstances. Foreign currencies' values are fluctuating that could lead a bank to exposure of the exchange rate risk. Currency swap contract is an alternative that can be used by the bank to do a hedge. This research aims to analyze how the foreign exchange liabilities, bank size, cost of financial distress, and net open position affecting the use of currency swap on general banks that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. After the literature review, data were collected by documentary study of financial reports and formed the pooled data. The pooled data then being analyzed using some methods like descriptive statistic analysis, the test of classical assumption, linear regression analysis, and the goodness of fit regression model. The result of this research shows that foreign exchange of liabilities, bank size, and net open position are significantly against the decision of using currency swap as a hedge significantly, while the cost of financial distress does not significantly against the decision of using currency swap as a hedge.


Researchers from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the Los Alamos National Laboratory initiated a joint railgun research and development program to explore the potential of electromagnetic railguns to accelerate projectiles to hypervelocities. The effort was intended to 1) determine experimentally the limits of railgun operation, 2) verify calculations of railgun performance, and 3) establish a data base at megampere currents. The program has led to the selection of a particular magnetic flux compression generator (MFCG) design for a set of initial experiments and the design of small- and large-square-bore railguns to match the expected MFCG power profile. The bore sizes are 12.7 and 50 mm, respectively. In this paper, we briefly describe the design of the railguns and the diagnostic and data reduction techniques, followed by the results of eight experiments with the two railgun types.


Thirty older (m age=71.73 years) and 20 young adults (m age=21.60 years) viewed a videotape of a simulated crime and were then interviewed with either a Cognitive Interview (CI) or a standard police interview (SI). The older participants were interviewed with either an SI, CI, or CI that was modified for older people (CI–M). No differences were found between the CI and CI–M. The CI elicited more information than the SI, without a reduction in accuracy rate. Moreover, the advantage of the CI over the SI was greater for the older than for the young participants. There were no overall age-related differences. Results are discussed in terms of performance of older witnesses and implications for understanding how the CI functions.


We report herein the synthesis of β-lactams via a three-component reaction of N-hydroxyanilines, diazo compounds and cyclobutenones, which proceeds through a sequential rhodium-catalyzed imine formation and a [2+2] cycloaddition with...


1 Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima-Perú. 2 Instituto de Investigación de Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB), Facultad de Medicina Humana. Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima-Perú. 3 Escuela de Postgrado en Gestión Pública, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima-Perú. 4 Hospital de Vitarte, Lima-Perú. Cite as Angel E. Sinchitullo-Castillo, Luis Roldán-Arbieto, Pedro M. Arango-Ochante. Factors associated with cesarean delivery in a peruvian hospital. Rev. Fac. Med. Hum. July 2020; 20(3):444-451. DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v20i3.3049 O R IG IN A L PA PE R ABSTRACT Introduction: Caesarean sections carry maternal and perinatal risks. Objective: To determine the factors associated with cesarean delivery in patients treated in the Gynecology Obstetrics Service at the Hospital Militar Central, in the 2014-2018 period. Methods: Analytical, retrospective, case-control study; the population was vaginal or caesarean deliveries attended during the years 2014 to 2018. The sampling was systematic, and the sample size was 988 deliveries of which 329 were caesarean sections. Chi-square and logistic regression tests were applied to calculate the odds ratio; The analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS 23. Results: In pregnant women, a previous caesarean section was a factor associated with caesarean section (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.12-2.15); neither age, gestational age, nor prenatal controls were a factor associated with caesarean section (p>0.05). Educational level was also not a factor associated with caesarean section, but the number of children was (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.72-0.95). Conclusion: Having previous caesarean sections, few children, an older age, were significant risk factors for cesarean delivery.


The paper presents the concurrency control method implemented for a Multimedia Database Management System. The system provides simultaneous access to information for multiple clients via TCP/IP network. The problems that should be handled refers to process multiple requests and access the same set of data in a concurrent environment. It is also measured the system's performances in different usage scenarios. The system that is presented in the paper is an original C++ implementation, which integrates methods for extracting visual characteristics (color and texture characteristics) from images and for executing content-based visual queries.


The Okavango River basin is home to about 600,000 people, over half of whom live in the Angolan portion of the basin. Namibia is home to 160,000 people in the basin, with the remainder living in and around the Okavango Delta in Botswana. The two main tributaries, the Cubango and the Cuito, rise on the Bie Plateau in central Angola and head south towards Namibia. The Cubango (Kavango in Namibia) forms the border between Angola and Namibia and joins the Cuito after about 300 kilometres. Shortly after this the unified river traverses Namibia's Caprivi Strip – becoming Namibia's only perennial river wholly on its territory. The Okavango River terminates in Botswana, flowing into the Okavango Delta where it is swallowed up by the sands of the Kalahari Desert and "lost" to evapo-transpiration. About 9.4 cubic kilometres of water drain into the delta every year. At present very little of this flow is taken out of the river as there are no dams or major water pumping schemes on the river – yet.


The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released findings of two surveys, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), to determine the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders.


Abstract Djerfisherite [K6(Cu,Fe,Ni)25S26Cl] has been found as a daughter mineral in melt inclusions in melilite from a Kugda melilitolite. The inclusion mineral assemblage includes pyrrhotite, pentlandite, forsterite, diopside, monticellite, phlogopite, wollastonite, nepheline, sodalite, combeite, calcite, Na-K-Ca carbonate, and hydrated calcium silicates. The djerfisherite is Ni-rich rather than Cu-rich consistent with an ultimate upper mantle magma source. The djerfisherite-bearing assemblage formed from primary carbonate/alkali-rich, melilititic melt inclusions which underwent extreme, closed-system, magmatic to postmagmatic fractionation over a temperature range of >1000° to <500°C.


Abstract 3068 Background: Abnormal cytokine expression accompanies the disease process in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to be down-regulated by JAK inhibitor therapy. The prognostic relevance of increased cytokine levels in PMF has not been systematically studied. The objectives of the current study were to describe the spectrum of abnormal cytokine expression in PMF and determine its prognostic relevance. Methods: A multiplex biometric sandwich immunoassay (Invitrogen multiplex assays, Invitrogen Corporation-Carlsbad CA, USA) was used for simultaneous analysis of 30 cytokine levels. Diluted plasma was mixed with fluorescently addressed microbeads bound with anti-cytokine antibodies. Biotin anticytokine secondary antibodies were then added and allowed to bind to cytokine-bead complexes. Total surface fluorescence for each bead was then measured using a Luminex (Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX, USA) fluorescent flow-based detection system. Results: Cytokine levels at diagnosis were analyzed for a total of 127 treatment naive patients with PMF, who had stored sera at the time of diagnosis or first referral to the Mayo Clinic. The circulating levels of 30 cytokines in the multiplex assay were compared between PMF patients ( n =127) and normal controls ( n =31). Significant differences (p Conclusions: Elevated serum levels of IL-2R, IL-8, IL- 15 and CXCL10 independently predict shortened survival in PMF and such prognostication appears to be independent of DIPSS and cytogenetic risk category. The current study suggests clinical relevance of multiple cytokines in PMF that could be therapeutically targeted. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Situated on the east side of Clapham Common, Lambeth College is in the top 10% of further education colleges in the UK. It epitomises inclusive learning and received an outstanding grade for its teaching of students with learning difficulties in a recent Ofsted inspection. To further expand the variety and quality of learning for its 21,000 students, the college has embarked on a development and expansion programme, the centrepiece of which is to create a new performance space/auditorium on the Clapham site.


The character network of a given narrative (novel, play, film, graphic novel, etc.) models the structure formed by the relations in its character-system (Woloch, 2003). A relation between two characters symbolises their co-presence in parts of the narrative; the entire set of relations between all characters constitutes a formal model of this character-system and lends itself to display and analysis. For example, Moretti (2011) used network modelling to compare the importance of protagonists from Shakespeare's Hamlet, while Trilcke et al. (2015) created character networks for 465 German plays and used them to initiate a wider study of German Theatre.


This paper fits a gravity model to the trade of 76 market economies. It then applies the model to data on East European economies to estimate what their trading potential might have been, had behaved like market economies in the mid-1980s. At existing levels of national income, the liberalization of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union is unlikely to affect their mutual trade and trade with developing countries, but it will increase trade with industrial counties by factors of three to thirty. West Germany and the USA are the principal beneficiaries of this new trade, increasing their exports and imports by over 20%. Trade must flow both ways, however: the West cannot increase its exports to the East without correspondingly increasing its imports.


American Interests in South Asia is the latest in a series of policy books stemming from the Aspen Strategy Group's annual summer workshop. This book provides an intensive exploration of the interconnected national security challenges posed by the events in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. Chapters focus on the lessons from history and balance of power in the region, the current strategy in Afghanistan, the effect of American foreign assistance and private-sector development, and the implications of India-Pakistan relations for the United States. The book also includes a preface by ASG director Nicholas Burns and concluding observations by Harvard University's Meghan O'Sullivan. Together, these chapters seek to further collective understanding of the current issues facing the region and help policymakers find a way to cope with what has become one of America's most pressing security problems. Contributors include: Samina Ahmed (International Crisis Group, Belgium), Nancy Birdsall (Center for Global Development, USA), Robert D. Blackwill (Council on Foreign Relations, USA), James Dobbins (RAND Corporation, USA), John Dowdy (McKinsey and Company, UK), Wren Elhai (Center for Global Development, USA), Andrew Erdmann (McKinsey and Company, UK), Nathaniel Fick (Center for a New American Security, USA), Molly Kinder (Center for Global Development, USA), Clare Lockhart (Institute for State Effectiveness, USA), Anja Manuel (The Rice Hadley Group, USA), Michael O'Hanlon (Brookings Institution, USA), and Meghan O'Sullivan (Harvard University, USA).


Background: Omega3 is a group of fatty acids which is essential and of great importance to the human body, they cannot be produced on their  own, so it must be obtained by following diets that include foods rich in them. Omega 3 is nowadays one of the most desirable components of oils because of its nutritional and functional properties. Through its various processes in cellular metabolism, its therapeutic actions in numerous chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders have been identified, gene expression, and signal transduction. Numerous studies have confirmed that acne, psoriasis, and inflammatory skin conditions including atopic dermatitis can all be managed with omega 3.
Objective: The review's objective is to provide a brief scientific overview of this condition, which has recently become widespread used in the treatment of skin diseases.
Conclusion: The effects of "3 PUFA" in skin illnesses are only seldom studied in research and clinical trials, but prior studies analyzing immune cells predict that these fatty acids will have a wide range of positive benefits. Additionally, there are few findings on keratinocytes, which are thought to make up a significant portion of the epidermis' cells. Future studies should clarify the complete role keratinocytes play in the skin. since the prevalence of inflammatory skin conditions and cancers is rising at the moment, clinical trials in the future on "3 PUFAs" in dermatological sectors are likely to provide us with useful knowledge for the routine clinical management of skin problems.
Keywords: Polyunsaturated fatty acids, "PUFAs," omega-3, psoriasis, skin.


This study covers the deepwater to ultra-deepwater Phu Khanh Basin and examines its evolution and hydrocarbon prospectivity based on recently acquired regional 2D seismic reflection and marine gravity data by PGS


Histone lysine (K) methylation has been shown to play a fundamental role in modulating chromatin architecture and regulation of gene expression. Here we report on the identification of histone H3K56, located at the pivotal, nucleosome DNA entry/exit point, as a novel methylation site that is evolutionary conserved. We identify trimethylation of H3K56 (H3K56me3) as a modification that is present during all cell cycle phases, with the exception of S-phase, where it is underrepresented on chromatin. H3K56me3 is a novel heterochromatin mark, since it is enriched at pericentromeres but not telomeres and is thereby similar, but not identical, to the localization of H3K9me3 and H4K20me3. Possibly due to H3 sequence similarities, Suv39h enzymes, responsible for trimethylation of H3K9, also affect methylation of H3K56. Similarly, we demonstrate that trimethylation of H3K56 is removed by members of the JMJD2 family of demethylases that also target H3K9me3. Furthermore, we identify and characterize mouse mJmjd2E and its human homolog hKDM4L as novel, functionally active enzymes that catalyze the removal of two methyl groups from trimethylated H3K9 and K56. H3K56me3 is also found in C. elegans, where it co-localizes with H3K9me3 in most, but not all, tissues. Taken together, our findings raise interesting questions regarding how methylation of H3K9 and H3K56 is regulated in different organisms and their functional roles in heterochromatin formation and/or maintenance. Citation: Jack APM, Bussemer S, Hahn M, Pünzeler S, Snyder M, et al. (2013) H3K56me3 Is a Novel, Conserved Heterochromatic Mark That Largely but Not Completely Overlaps with H3K9me3 in Both Regulation and Localization. PLoS ONE 8(2): e51765. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051765 Editor: Janet F. Partridge, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, United States of America Received August 1, 2012; Accepted November 7, 2012; Published February 22, 2013 Copyright: 2013 Jack et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This study was supported by grants from the DFG (HA 5437/3-1 and SFB TR5), as well as CIPSM to S.B.H. and from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01 GM079533 to G.C. I.S. was supported by DFG (SO1054/1) and BioImaging Network Munich and G.S. by SFB TR5, SPP1356 and BMBF (EpiSys). A.P.M.J. and S.P. are members of the IMPRS/LS program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: email@example.com


This paper presents KReator, a versatile and easy-to-use toolbox for statistical relational learning currently under development. The research on combining probabilistic models and rst-order theory put forth a lot of dierent approaches in the past few years. While every approach has advantages and disadvantages the variety of prototypi- cal implementations make thorough comparisons of dierent approaches dicult. KReator aims at providing a common and simple interface for representing, reasoning, and learning with dierent relational prob- abilistic approaches. We give an overview on the system architecture of KReator and illustrate its usage.


Experimental Hall B at Jefferson Lab typically operates with CW electron beam currents in the range of 1 - 10 nA. This low beam current coupled with a 30 Hz flip rate of the beam helicity required the development of new devices to measure and monitor the beam charge asymmetry. We have developed four independent devices with sufficient bandwidth for readout at 30 Hz rate: a synchrotron light monitor (SLM), two backward optical transition radiation monitors (OTR) and a Faraday Cup. Photomultipliers operating in current mode provided the readout of the light from the SLM and the OTRs, while high bandwidth electronics provided the readout from the Faraday cup. Using {approximately}6 helicity pairs, we measured the beam charge asymmetry to a statistically accuracy which is better than 0.05%. We present the results from the successful operation of these devices during the fall 2000 physics program. The reliability and the bandwidth of the devices allowed us to control the gain on the source laser by means of a feedback loop.


In this article, we have developed a new protocol for the thioarylation of structurally diverse alkyl bromides such as benzyl, cinnamyl, n-octyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, and tert-butyl bromides with aryl iodides, bromides and an activated chloride using thiourea catalyzed by copper(I) iodide in wet polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) as an eco-friendly medium in the presence of potassium carbonate at 80 and 100 °C under an inert atmosphere. The process is free from foul-smelling thiols which makes this method more practical for the thioetherification of aryl halides. Another important feature of this method is the variety of alkyl bromides which are commercially available for the in situ generation of thiolate ions with respect to the existing protocols in which the less commercially available thiols are directly used for the preparation of arylthio ethers.


This paper aims to describe a process in which well established routines within pharmaceutical industry are changed and new marketing practices shape the market. The focus of the study is on the consequences of the introduction of a new system of prescribing medicines. The main research questions are how the marketing practices change after routines are changed and thus, how the different actors have interacted, behaved and participated in the process. The case study describes a process of an industry wide change when a new system to prescribe medicines, the generic substitution, was introduced in Finland in 2003. The case follows the process from its beginning until today, when it is still evolving. The key actors identified in the process are governmental authorities, pharmaceutical companies, wholesalers and pharmacies. All the actors have been influenced by the new system. They have own opinions of the effects of the generic substitution. Hence, their involvement in the story is visible and influential and we can ask who is running the business if any of them? As the case is of processual nature it shows actors' behaviour and reactions during different time periods and thus, it becomes possible to see how the marketing practices are shaped and new routines are established. We argue that the dynamics in the process can be explained by the actors' interpretation of the change and strive towards routines, which vary depending on their aims and apprehensions in different times.


I argue that the transformation of the problem doma in will inevitably lead to the theoretical breakthr ough and transition of philosophy and science. Democritus' p hilosophy of atomism had induced a change of the sc ientific problem domain. The mechanistic view of nature in modern sc ience has resulted in a philosophical problem domai n. From the perspective of quantum mechanics, some synthesis of Democritus' atomism and Leibniz's monadism may avo id their respective shortcomings, thus exerting a far-reachi ng influence on advancing the study of matter and c ons iousness. It is shown that a certain cross-shaped pattern con stitutes a complete understanding paradigm of the u niverse life, so that science and philosophy in the novel paradigm can r eflect and complement each other.


Devolution of powers and functions from national to regional level has been a common experience internationally in recent times. A range of possible driving forces underpinning this trend are reviewed. The city-region has become a favoured spatial unit for organising direct regional participation in global markets. New governance structures are being forged for mobilising joint cross-communuty action in pursuit of broad regional objectives. A range of influences can shape the configuration of these structures, giving rise to a varied geography of regional governance arrangements. This paper focuses on the dysfunctional governance structures which have inhibited the implementation of the National Spatial Strategy, introduced by the Irish government in 2002 with the objective of achieving balanced regional development through the creation of a polycentric system of city-regions. These structures are described and their origins attributed to features of the Irish system of government which favour administrative centralisation over devolution.


Telkomsel is a service that the people of Indonesia widely use. Complaints from users referring to Telkomsel's service and signal aspects are often made in Twitter tweets with harsh or good language. This is done because users continue to demand to get better service. Therefore, an aspect-based sentiment analysis technique is needed to determine a person's view of each aspect, such as Telkomsel's service and signal aspects. Aspect-based sentiment analysis is a solution to find out the opinions of Telkomsel users based on their aspects. In its implementation, the NBSVM method is used as a classification model that is proven to work well compared to other methods, namely MNB and SVM. The implementation of the expansion of the FastText feature can affect the level of performance model, and the best results are obtained in the Top 1 feature on the signal aspect and Top 5 on the service aspect with a combination of Twitter corpus and news. In this study, the data used is unbalanced and has been handled by applying SMOTE and AdaBoost techniques to the FastText feature expansion model. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, SMOTE can handle data imbalances compared to AdaBoost. The performance results of the FastText feature expansion model after SMOTE are applied to get F1-Score 91.24% in the signal aspect and F1-Score 88.75% in the service aspect.


This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of the copper (II) complex with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) piroxicam. The characterization was performed by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and thermal investigation. The empirical formulae of the complex, [Cu(PX)2(H2O)2]' . H2O was determined by the mentioned methods, but especially by elemental and thermal analysis. From the FT-IR spectra and X-ray diffractograms was established that the piroxicam, acts as monoanionic chelating ligand, through the amide oxygen and the pyridyl nitrogen atoms. The thermal behaviour of the complex was studied by simultaneous TG/DTG/DTA methods, under non-isothermal conditions and in a dynamic air atmosphere. According to the thermal curves, especially TG curve, the complex contains two molecules of coordination water and one molecule of crystallization water, respectively. On further heating of the anhydrous compound up to 1036 °C the thermal degradation of the piroxicam and the intermediate formed took place. Metallic copper was found as the final product of the thermal decomposition.


The present invention relates to a nitric oxide donor compound having a quinone group structure, their preparation and their lack of NO which in treating pathological condition of use plays an important role in the disease.


Ethical conduct clearly has to be accepted as a quality of practitioners in any occupation wanting to be seen as professional. This doesn't eliminate the difficulties that arise in trying to act ethically in climates where the competitive pressure of business is high, and perhaps some peers operate at a lower standard of ethical conduct. What are the ethical values that are relevant for learning and development professionals, and can ethical values or related behavioural standards be viewed as competencies?


The present invention provides a technique for continuous monitoring of dynamic loads, including the dynamic load stress and strain on the large housing structure appeared in the vehicle (5), which has a strain measurement system (2), the latter and an optical strain sensors at various locations of the points of the housing structure (7; 16) is connected to the fiber optic cable. The optical signals for detecting stress and strain (11) transmitted by the light emitter to the strain sensor (7; 16). Strain measurement system (2) connected by a central detection unit (10) coupled with the computer control system (1), and through which the display data indicates that a component (4) as well as other measurement systems (3) is connected. In a first operating mode during loading and unloading of the vehicle (5), with the strain sensor (7; 16) is detected. Control system (1) generates a curve reflects the average strain, when the average strain exceeds a predetermined threshold value, a warning signal is generated, the threshold value represents the magnitude of the strain unacceptable. In the second operating mode the vehicle (5) in the navigation process, with the strain sensor (7; 16) continuously detecting strain. When the average strain exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it generates an alarm signal, the threshold value represents the magnitude of the strain unacceptable. The present invention also gives a strain measurement system and method suitable for such fiber optic strain sensor (16).


Article history: This paper assesses the pote Received 10 December 2006 Received in revised form 15 September 2008 Accepted 3 December 2008 Available online 20 February 2009


Design and synthesis - theozymes and catalyst design organic synthesis in aqueous media domino reactions asymmetric two-center catalysis organic reactions in supercritical CO2 separation-built-in organic synthesis catalytic asymmetric synthesis of natural products combinatorial libraries architecture, organization and assembly - carbon - from fullerenes to new allotropes dendritic architecture constructive binding and slippage inclusion phenomena molecular organization molecular devices and material properties - molecular wires molecular devices and machines electron and energy transfer crystal engineering nano technology chemical sensors biological aspects - enzyme mimitics enzyme inhibitors organic synthesis and cell biology.


In this paper we discuss the nature of and requirements for data center interconnects. We then demonstrate a switch-pluggable, 4.5 W, 100 Gbit/s, siliconphotonics- based, PAM4, QSFP-28 module to transport Ethernet data directly over DWDM for layer 2/3 connection between switches at data centers up to 120 km apart, thereby eliminating the need for a separate optical transport layer. The module, based on the direct detect modulation format, is of much reduced complexity, power, and cost compared to the coherent systems that are currently being deployed for this application.


Objective To investigate the prognosis and risk factors in Chinese patients with indiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN).Methods One hundred and thirty-seven patients with IMN were selected in this study,who were admitted to Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China medical university from January 2006 to December 2011 with biopsy proven.They were performed 12 months follow-up.The patients' clinical features and pathological stage were collected.Results All patients' age was ranged from 16 to 73 years old and male accounted for 57.66%.At the end of following up,18 patients(13.14%) were with glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 30 ml/min.Survival analysis showed that patients with hypertension,age≥60 years old,elevated serum creatinine (SCr ≥ 133 μmol/L),and proteinuria no remission were with poor prognosis.Cox univafiate analysis showed that hypertension(HR =5.709,95% CI 2.173-14.998),age≥60 years old (HR =18.200,95% CI 3.904-84.869),elevated serum creatinine(HR =22.235,95% CI 5.586-89.304),and proteinuria no remission(HR =4.681,95% CI 1.168-13.060) were risk factors(P <0.05).Cox multivariate analysis showed that age≥60 years old(HR =12.280,95% CI 1.945-77.540) and elevated serum creatinine (HR =11.45,95% CI 2.230-58.783) were independent risk factors (P =0.008,0.030 respectively) Conclusion IMN patients have relatively good prognosis.Age ≥ 60 years old and higher serum creatinine at biopsy were independent risk factors of IMN patients with eGFR < 30 ml/min.

Key words:
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy;  Prognosis;  Risk factor


In China, the crop produced from the 8% of the world land feed the one fifth of the world population. However, large amount of greenhouse gases are released from crop production. Under the pressure of global reduction of greenhouse gases emission, it strongly concern the future crop production of China how to enhance carbon sequestration by and reduce N2O and CH4 emission from agricultural ecosystems. In this paper, we assessed the contribution of crop production to the global as well as China greenhouse gases emission. By DNDC, a biogeochemical model, we estimate soil organic carbon change and N2O emission. Based on scenario analysis of organic carbon change and N2O emission in agricultural ecosystem, some measures have been proposed to meet reduction of greenhouse gases emission.


sustainable and resilient budgetary policy. On the issue of domestic violence, the link between gender and inequality is clearly demonstrated. Nina Hall, for example, adopts a constructivist approach to examining the movement against domestic violence. Strongest in her discussion of the post-independence period, Hall traces the emergence of the language of women's rights and gender equality, and the dissemination of these ideals on the ground. The United Nations Development Programme explores domestic violence within Timor-Leste's layered legal framework, maintaining that both the formal justice system and local, customary systems of conflict resolution fail to offer effective and desirable solutions for victims. In one of the strongest chapters in the volume, Silva and Simião deconstruct some of the foundational concepts uponwhich discourses of gender are based. Their discussion of culture as a political and explanatory device, and its complex relationship withmodernity, provides a critical layer to understandings of social action around the politics of gender. Niner's concluding remarks take up these activist connotations, laying out a practical gender research agenda for Timor-Leste. In doing so, Niner articulates a diverse and broad-ranging platform that would be most provocative for researchers and practitioners engaged in gender-related research in Timor-Leste. This agenda suggests that, although much research has been conducted on gender issues, much is yet to be done. The volume certainly adds to literature on East Timorese women's struggle for gender equality and, accordingly, makes a strong case for their contribution to a similar publication in the future.


This paper presents computational procedures for implementation of multi-beam adaptive antenna arrays with digital beamforming. The weights of the arrays are calculated using the Linearly Constrained Inverse QR Decomposition Recursive Least Squares adaptive filtering algorithms. Two versions of the algorithms are presented: with and without square roots arithmetic operations. The algorithms are fitted to the antenna arrays with odd symmetry. This symmetry allows to develop the adaptive filtering algorithms with most of the computations in real-valued arithmetic. This saves the number of the arithmetic operations required per algorithm iteration. Besides, this implementation decreases the transient response duration and improves the steady-state interference cancellation for about 3 dB in terms of the depths of the radiation pattern gaps towards the interference sources. The efficiency of the proposed solution is demonstrated via simulation of interference cancellation using a rectangular flat adaptive antenna array.


Provided is an overflow device (25) for a water drain assembly and a water drain assembly with the overflow device. An overflow device (25) for the water drain assembly, in particular for drainage systems for roofs of buildings, comprises a removable overflow accessory component (30), which extends substantially along an axis (A) and which can be installed on a water drain assembly (1) for varying the level of water entering the drain assembly (1); the component (30) comprises a lower element (31) and an upper element (32), which are telescopically coupled together along the axis (A), and a height-adjustment device (33) for varying the position of the elements (31,32) with respect to one another along the axis (A), and consequently the axial height of the component (30).


The impacts of the anthropic actions in roadsides promotes a differenciated ecosystem in its surroundings facilitating the establishment of opportunist species like annoni-2-grass (Eragrostis plana Nees). The roadsides of Rio Grande do Sul state, in southern Brazil, are invaded by this weed specie forming dispersion centers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the soil seed bank (SSB) size and composition in these roadsides, and demonstrate its potential to regenerate the original grassland of these degraded and invaded areas. The trial was established on roadside next to the Sao Lucas Farm headquarters, in Rio Pardo county RS, from January 2005 to may 2006. The experimental design was a split-plot type in complete blocks, with tree replications. The plots were submitted to two treatments: deep sub-soil tillage and deep sub-soil tillage plus light soil disking


The instability of a low-density plasma with a large safety factor is studied in the TM-3 tokamak. This instability has the earmarks of the previously detected disruptive instability. Plasma x-ray emission and the usual discharge properties are studied. It is concluded from the experiments that runaway electrons are important in this instability. (AIP)


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to antisense oligonucleotides that modulate the expression of the ribonucleotide reductase gene or secA gene in the microorganism. The present invention also relates to methods of using such oligonucleotides to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. These antisense oligonucleotides are particularly useful in the treatment of mammals of pathological conditions mediated by growth of microorganisms.


In view of the relationship between Indus and Brahmi that was revealed by a frequency analysis [4], other parallels in the records in these scripts are investigated. This includes the use of abbreviations and similarities in numeral signs. An identification of the sign for 10 in Indus has been made. This turns out to be similar to the Brahmi sign for 10.


In the crystal structure of the title compound, C10H6I2, the molecules are planar and packed in T-shaped edge-to-face mode. They are held together by weak I⋯π and I⋯I non-bonding intermolecular interactions.


In the recent rise of university-student disputes,the legality of student management regulation formulated by universities often becomes a central issue.This paper explores the legal status and validity of university regulation.In nature,university regulation is self-governing rules.Universities' authority of making rules is reaffirmed by state law.At the same time,however,the exercise of university authority has to be balanced against students' rights,where state oversight has a role to play.Drawing upon relevant legal provisions and legal cases in China,the paper identifies three possible approaches of state oversight: regulation documentation requirement,student grievance or administrative review,and litigation.The paper further proposes that the state should stick to three principles in its oversight: legality standards rather than reasonableness standards,review of administrative matters instead of academic matters,and procedural review rather than substantive review.


Microcapsulation was prepared by atomization the mixture of alginate and Lactobacillus acidophilus into a solution of calcium chloride.The concentration of alginate,air pressure,liquid flow rate and ratio of core to wall effects were studied.The optimum technological conditions obtained in the test were as follow:concentration of alginate 1.5%,air pressure 0.05MPa,liquid flow rate 10mL/min,ratio of core to wall 1:1.At the optimal conditions the rate of retention was 67.4%in the microencapsulation with a size of 57.62μm.


A metal-oxide-semiconductor tunneling diode is used to emit electroluminescence from a Si/Si0.2Ge0.8 heterojunction. Besides the 1.1 μm and 1.6 μm infrared emission from the band edges of Si and SiGe, respectively, 2 μm infrared emission is also observed due to the radiative recombination between the electrons in the Si conduction band and the holes in the SiGe valence band. This type II recombination can emit photons whose energy is below the SiGe band gap to extend the emission range of Si/Ge-based light-emitting devices. The emission line shape can be fitted by the electron-hole-plasma recombination model.


Catholic theologians and ethicists date the modern entrance of the Church into the area of social justice and social economics by the publication of Pope Leo XIII's landmark encyclical, Rerum Novarum, 15 May, 1891. He began the letter with these words:


The identification theory and method of fractional system is an important research direction which has drawn much research attention recently,and how to reduce the noise about the identification test data is one of the subjects which must be focused on.In this paper,on the basis of wavelet theory and method,the characteristics of noise and output signal of fractional system were analyzed firstly.In order to overcome the limitations of the conventional threshold denoise method,a nonlinear variable metric algorithm for the multi-level wavelet decomposition coefficient was proposed,and then a denoising method for identification signal of fractional system was formed.The simulation experiments indicate that this method can reduce the noise to a satisfactory level,and it also has good adaptability for different Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) cases.Our research purpose is to provide a reference for further identification algorithm design and to improve identification precision.


Poverty is a state of people who are not able to meet their needs. As a result, people cannot live a decent so that their standard of living decline. Differences of community groups with specific earnings income gaps cause problems. Therefore, the necessary role of government in equalizes the distribution of income distribution. Starting from the economic problems then came the idea of sharia, namely optimization zakat is obligatory for Muslims to remember Indonesia is the country with the largest Muslim population in the world. Indonesia is not a religious country, but a country with a predominantly Muslim, the middle ground is needed, namely the role of the state and society in the two positions together. When zakat management is conducted in accordance with Islamic law, the mandate, expediency principle, justice and the rule of law as well as integrated it can undoubtedly reduce poverty and income inequality in Indonesian.


This paper describes the experience of the University of Paderborn in respect of the establishment of an environmental management system. It also discusses the context within which the process took place, outlining the various elements that have influenced the it, from the conception to the certification and implementation.


: Wuxi, located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta, is an important part of the Suzhou-wuxi-changzhou metropolitan area and a typical representative of the southern Jiangsu model of China's regional economy, wuxi, which is in the transition period of economic structure, can rank the top of the per capita GDP of the central cities in China


This paper discusses an antenna design that achieves tuning of its frequency response by changing the height and angular position of its ground plane. The antenna is composed of a simple patch and three ground planes. Two ground planes are fixed while a third part moves and tilts based on the user's demand. The antenna's moving ground plane is controlled by an arduino board and two linear actuators. The antenna is simulated and measured. Good analogy is found between measured and simulated data.


In the two prior decades, a multitude of endocrine and nervous system alterations have been described in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This review demonstrates some important examples: 1. Loss of adrenal antiinflammatory androgens in relation to estrogens, 2. inadequate secretion of adrenal cortisol in relation to systemic inflammation, 3. rapid degradation of androgens in the inflamed synovial microenvironment, 4. high levels of anti-apoptotic 16alpha-hydroxylated estrogens in inflamed synovium, 5. increased cortisol degradation in inflamed synovial tissue, 6. decreased reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in stressful situations, 7. loss of antiinflammatory sympathetic nerve fibres in relation to proinflammatory sensory nerve fibres in inflamed synovium, 8. increased systemic sympathetic tone, and 9. psychological alterations with chronic fatigue and symptoms of depression due to elevated circulating cytokines. Understanding these neuroendocrine alterations helps to sort out the complex pathophysiological puzzle of rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, comprehension of neuroendocrine aberrations triggers research into novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.


Within the framework of the Testing Algorithmic and Application Skills project we tested first year students of Informatics at the beginning of their tertiary education. We were focusing on the students' level of understanding in different programming environments. In the present paper we provide the results from the University of Debrecen, the Universitatea BabesBolyai, and the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania in two tasks, which are based on the same algorithm but presented in different forms. We have found that students in Hungary tend to focus on the coding details while with the students in Romania there are only minor differences in the results of the two forms. This difference can be explained by the different acceptance methods of the universities in the two countries and/or by the methods applied in primary and secondary education to solve computer related problems. We can conclude that the approaches adopted by students of Informatics in Hungary may be an explanation for the high attrition rates in tertiary Computer Science education.


The 1977.03.04 Vrancea earthquake had a strong impa ct, from the view points of the losses inflicted to s ciety, as well as for the subsequent efforts aimed at redu cing seismic risk. The paper is aimed mainly at pre senting a brief review of the efforts coordinated by the stat e nd, then, of the scientific efforts of INCERC (B uilding Research Institute) – Bucharest to develop some sci entific tools and apply them by means of the provis i n of the regulatory base of design, given the political context of the epoch. The most significant scientif ic efforts, referred to in the paper, were aimed at developing: The methods of estimate of ground motion intensity from instrumental information made available during earthquakes, The methods of assessing the influence of local geo o ical conditions upon local features of seismic ground motions, The methods of analyzing the features of radiation / attenuation of the seismic waves. The most significant results of using the methodolo gical developments referred to are briefly presente d. The concluding considerations present some remarks and recommendations for the further development of the earthquake protection strategy of the country. One of the key messages of 1977 earthquake is about the need and difficulty to communicate the seismic risk issues t o decision makers in the aftermath of great disaste rs, o find best ways of disaster risk reduction.


In the presence of a sharp corner in the boundary of the entanglement region, the entanglement entropy (EE) and R


A two-dimension measurement mechanism for hydrodynamic performances of a seaworthiness water surface model comprises a base which stretches across and is slidably supported on trailer measuring bridges. A support frame penetrates through and is fixedly connected with the base. A pair of pulleys is laterally arranged above the base. A steel wire rope is rolled on the pair of pulleys, wherein one end of the steel wire rope is connected with a guide rod and the other end is connected with a lifting rod. The lifting rod penetrates through the base and can slide up and down. The guide rod slides in a guide holder and the lower end of the guide rod is provided with a balance weight. A pulling line is fixedly arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the lifting rod; and the pulling line is wound through a driven wheel. The installation shaft of the driven wheel is connected with a rotation potentiometer I. The bottom end of the lifting rod is provided with a resistance meter. A connecting base is fixedly connected under the resistance meter. The connecting base is provided with a transverse rotation shaft. A longitudinal trim rocker panel is fixedly arranged on the rotation shaft. One end of the rotation shaft is connected with a rotation potentiometer II. The support frame is provided with a vertical linear guideway pair II for guiding the lifting rod in the vertical motion. The two-dimension measurement mechanism is capable of measuring a plurality of hydrodynamic performances of the water surface model; the measure precision is high; and measurement stability is good.


Changdao Forest Park was located in the northern temperate zone,with deciduous broadleaved forest as its vegetation.Because of frequent human activities and over-exploitation,its vegetationis had strong secondary characteristics.The ways of artificial acceleration and natural regeneration should be adopted to recoverits vegetation ecologically in order to promoteits succession in turn.With the theme of special landscape emphasized,the paper advances the principles as well as some feasible proposals on its landscape reconstruction of forest park.


Fifteen maize genotypes were evaluated for resistance to the maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca. Three Mississippi inbred lines resistant to the south-western corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella (Dyar) and the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) viz Mp705, Mp706 and Mp707 exhibited pronounced antibiosis to larvae of B. fusca.


The dynamics of the main statistical indicators of the marketing policy of oil extraction plants in Ukraine has been characterized to identify possible development strategies for the stages in the life cycle of a business and a way of achievement of competitive advantages. The effect of different approaches to the composition of cost of sales in accordance with the selected marketing policy on the financial results has been shown. The adjustment to the selling expenses to ensure the planned volume of sales and the optimal financial result have been proposed. The subaccounts to synthetic account number 93 "Expenses for sale" have been proposed to reflect allocation of cost of sales between the reporting and future periods for actual realized and unrealized products (goods, works, services) resulting in a more accurate reflection of financial results from realisation of production (goods, works, services). For the basis for allocation of distribution costs it is proposed to use the specific weight of sold products (goods, works, services) in total volume of products (goods, works, services) to be implemented.