Recently updated data show that at least 159 cases of measles have been confirmed in the United States of America in 2019, that is in fact an unwelcome resurgence of viral infection, which had been eliminated in 2000. Alexander said "Charlants and internet fraudsters who claim that vaccines aren't safe are preying on unfounded fears and daily struggles of parents, and they are creating a public health hazard that is entirely preventable" (1). Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus, it is worrisome and could spread through coughing and sneezing, for two hours it can linger in the surface and air (2). In spite of the protected and viable measles antibody being accessible and regardless of endeavors put in by different partners in the course of recent decades, measles keeps on killing 360 adolescents consistently around the world. Controlling and taking out measles, which was executing more than 6800 kids yearly, was mooted during the 1980s, not long after the destruction of smallpox (3). In spite of the fact that these set targets were not accomplished because of holes in inoculation; the measles end and control programs spared a huge number of lives by counteracting hazardous inconveniences and continuations, (for example, bronchopneumonia, extreme intense ailing health, military tuberculosis, keratomalacia, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) in a few additional adolescents through improved vaccination inclusion. In 2010, the World Health Assembly set three achievements for measles counteractive action to be accomplished by 2015: (1) increment routine inclusion with the primary portion of measles-containing immunization (MCV1) among kids matured one year to ≥ 90% at the national dimension and to ≥ 80% in each region; (2) decrease worldwide yearly measles occurrence to under five cases for each million populace; (3) decrease worldwide measles mortality by 95% from the 2000 gauge . In 2012, the World Health Assembly embraced the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), with the target of taking out measles in four of the six World Health Organization (WHO) locales by 2015 and in five districts by 2020 (4). Although this action leads to prevention of 21.1 million deaths by measles vaccination in that period, however, measles disposal achievements have not been met and three districts are encountering an enormous measles resurgence. To gain further ground, casebased reconnaissance should be reinforced, and inclusion with MCV1 and the second portion of measles-containing antibody (MCV2) needs to increment; moreover, it will be essential to keep up political responsibility and guarantee generous, supported speculations to accomplish worldwide and local measles end objectives (4). In a report from the United Nations, an excess of 20 million adolescents a year passed up measles antibodies over the world in the previous eight years, laying a way of introduction to an infection that is presently causing illness flare-ups all inclusive. Measles is an exceedingly infectious ailment that can slaughter and can cause visual deficiency, deafness or cerebrum harm. It is as of now spreading in flare-ups in numerous pieces of the world, incorporating into the United States, Europe, the Philippines, Tunisia, and Thailand. Two dosages of the measles antibody are basic to secure adolescents and the WHO says 95% immunization inclusion is required for "crowd invulnerability" against measles. In any case, due to the of absence of access, weakness frameworks, lack of concern, and sometimes dread or wariness regarding vaccines, the worldwide inclusion of the main portion of the measles antibody was accounted for at 85% in 2017 a dimension that has stayed comparative for as far back as decade. Worldwide inclusion for the second portion is even lower, at 67%. Among high income countries the United States, which had the measles outbreak in areas of stricter immunization of California, most children were missing the first dose of vaccine between 2010 and 2017, at more than 2.5 million. Next came France and Britain, with


Objectives: The prospective multicenter German DES.DE registry provides real world data to evaluate the therapeutic principle of two different drug‐eluting stents (DES) [Sirolimus‐ (SES) and Paclitaxel‐eluting stent (PES)] in the context of the German Health System. Background: Differential DES have been effective in randomized trials, but their difference in safety and efficacy in diabetic patients has not been well studied. Methods: Baseline, predefined procedural as well as clinical in‐hospital and follow‐up events were recorded for all 1,526 diabetic patients. The composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke defined as major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and target vessel revascularization (TVR) were defined as primary endpoints. Results: Between October 2005 and October 2006, 1,526 diabetic patients, 34.2% of them being insulin‐dependent, were enrolled (SES: n = 612; PES: n = 914) at 98 DES.DE sites. Overall, one third of patients were admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 70% had multivessel‐disease reflecting a real world scenario. With similar baseline clinical and descriptive morphology of coronary artery disease (CAD) in both DES groups, there were no statistical differences in 1‐year follow‐up with respect to rates of overall mortality (5.8% vs. 5.4%), TVR (12.0% vs. 11.3%), overall stent thrombosis (5.6% vs. 4.6%) and MACCE (11.4% vs. 10.3%) between both DES. Conclusion: The data collected in DES.DE revealed no differences in clinical outcomes within 1 year between SES and PES in diabetic patients in a "real‐world" setting. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In through wall imaging (TWI), detection is possible due to dielectric contrasts between target and room environment. Complexity increases if room consists of furniture's and other objects beside desired target. Further detection of desired target becomes complex with the presence of window in back wall of room. Thus in this paper, effect of presence of window in back wall of room is investigated on detection and imaging. A detection technique is proposed in which signal processing technique is applied to extract the target information from clutter signal. A back projection imaging technique is applied to image the target. For this purpose, indigenously a TWI system based on step frequency continuous wave (SFCW) principle is developed in ultra wide band (UWB) range of frequency (i.e., 3.95 GHz to 5.85 GHz), plywood considered as wall and metallic plate is considered as target behind the plywood wall. The results are quite encouraging.


The spectrum of the infinitesimal generator of a one-parameter group of unitary operators arising from a representation of a semisimple Lie group is determined. The support of the spectral measure depends only on whether the group is a group of automorphisms of a bounded symmetric domain. 1. Let [I be a (strongly) continuous unitary representation of a semisimple Lie group G on a separable Hilbert space H. Let C' (ll) denote the set of all vectors v EC H such that HI()v is a C' function on G. Then C'(T) is a dense linear subspace of H, and contains the dense set of analytic vectors for the representation [6]. We denote the Lie algebra of G by g0. If x E g0, (II(exp(tx))) is a oneparameter group of unitary operators and has a skew-adjoint infinitesimal generator dll(x). Thus IH(exp(tx))=exp(t dJl(x)), t E R. Also C'(1I) is contained in the domain of dHl(x), and is invariant under dJl(x) for all x e g0. Moreover, x-dr1(x)IC'([J) defines a representation of g0 by essentially skew-adjoint operators. We shall examine the spectrum of the selfadjoint operator -idf(x) whenever exp(tx) satisfies a certain noncompactness condition explained below. The information obtained will depend on G but not on HI or x. More precisely, if f A dE, is the spectral resolution of i dJJ(x), C. C. Moore [5] has shown that the projection valued measure E is absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure, and its support is either (-oo, oo), (0, xo) or (o, 0). In the first instance, we shall say -i dll(x) has two-sided spectrum, while in the second and third instances we shall say idfl (x) has one-sided spectrum. One's feeling, and this is borne out by our investigations, is that most of the time we can expect a two-sided spectrum, and that a one-sided Received by the editors February 6, 1973. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 22D10, 22E45, 47B1 5; Secondary 32M15, 81A78.


Background. Relative blood volume (RBV) and muscle oxygenation (TSI) can be measured using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), but no studies have used NIRS with workers performing their job in the ...


In recent years, anti-aging medicine and diabetes have attracted attention in the medical field worldwide [1]. The authors have traditionally continued medical practice and research in both areas. Among them, nutrition is characterized by the transition from the former calorie restriction (CR) to the current low carbohydrate diet (LCD) [2]. We have continued medical and social movements of developing LCD, associated with three patterns of super LCD, standard LCD, and petit LCD (including 12%, 26%, 40% of carbohydrate, respectively) [3]. Regarding exercise, the importance of muscle training has been emphasized in addition to aerobic exercise [4]. From both perspectives, protein intake in the elderly has been proved to be indispensable [5,6]. As mentioned above, continuing usual medical treatments may lead to actual anti-aging health care and extend the lives of people [7]. The life expectancy up to date has been increasing, with women aged 87.45 and men aged 81.41 (2019) in Japan. Regarding the world aging rate, the results of the United Nations (UN) World population prospects (the 2017 version) are as follows [8]. The aging rate showed Japan 26.6%, Germany 21.1%, Sweden 19.6%, France 18.9%, United Kingdom 18.1%, the United States 14.6%, South Korea 13.0%, Singapore 11.7%, and Thailand 10.6%. Elderly people are known to be prone to frailty [9]. In general, there are three main influencing factors of frailty syndrome. 1) Physical frailty (sarcopenia, locomotive syndrome), 2) Mental frailty (cognitive dysfunction, depression), 3) Social frailty (living alone, withdrawal, poverty) [10]. In many cases, elderly people cannot move freely and need long-term care. The causes include dementia 24.8%, cerebrovascular disease 18.4%, elderly weakness 12.1%, fracture fall 10.8%, and joint disease 7.0% [11]. From the above, 77% of longterm care has been caused by frailty and arteriosclerosis. As to the strategy for anti-aging medicine, there are two important factors. They are the prevention of arteriosclerosis and also frailty. The former, arteriosclerosis has been already begun from the early stage of the borderline pre-diabetes stage. There may be involved in four factors as follows: I) endothelial damage due to postprandial hyperglycemia, II) dyslipidemia due to insulin resistance, III) hypertension due to insulin resistance, and IV) weight gain. Hyperglycemia occurs due to this decreased insulin secretion and increased resistance. Furthermore, these processes will be promoted associated with the presence of the aging factor. There was an obvious report concerning the relationship between HbA1c levels and the frequency of dementia [12]. Regarding HbA1c for dementia ratio, they showed 3.7—5.2%


In 1744-5 Ashanti forces invaded Dagomba, an event reported in both contemporaneous Arabic and European sources. Among the loot taken from the Dagomba towns were a number of Arabic works, and these subsequently passed into the hands of the Danes on the Guinea Coast. "We have", remarked Romer, Danish factor at Christiansborg, "received many Arabic books at Accra, which the Ashantis had plundered." (Tilforladelig Effterretning от Kysten Guinea, Copenhagen, 1760).


We would like to thank Dubinsky and Elperin for alerting us to the existence of two papers, one by Wang 1 and the other by Ivanov and Yanshin, 2 concerning bodies of revolution spinning about their axes of symmetry in free molecular streams. We were unaware of these contributions and thus omitted them from our discussion. In particular, we incorrectly stated that the problem for the spinning cylinder had not been considered before. Moreover, references provided by Ivanov and Yanshin 2 include three papers which appeared in Russian journals in the 1960s, which apparently treat the same configuration using various approximations. We respectfully point out that the results in our Letter 3


ABSTRACT A survey was conducted (N = 632) to determine which of the Big Five personality traits tended to be related to each of the three traits specified in the superdiffuser model of diffusion and influence (connector, persuader, maven). The purpose of the study was to better understand the traits that form the core of the superdiffuser model of opinion leadership and to inform methods of recruiting superdiffusers for behavior change campaigns. The connector and persuader measures were both associated with extraversion, as predicted. Persuader scores were somewhat negatively associated with agreeableness and positively with openness. Six types of mavenness were tested and found to vary substantially in their associations with Big Five personality traits. Clothing mavenness was positively associated with neuroticism whereas sports mavenness was negatively associated. These results suggest that mavenness for one topic may exist in a different nomological network than mavenness for another.


The development of digital holographic technologies is placed in an historical context to show the leap forward they achieve for holographic imagery. The principles and techniques involved are examined and the technology illustrated, leading to a discussion of the advantages to be gained from using digital technology for the origination of holograms. di > ho Digital input-holographic output. This, simply stated, has been our research aim. We believe, along with an increasing number of others, that the future of holography is in the realm of the digital.


Financing schemes carried out by Islamic microfinance institutions continue to face challenges with the development of these institutions. A unique financing scheme with a prohibition on interest-based financing. The literature study used in this study used data in the form of Scopus indexed articles. Data containing content related to financing schemes for Islamic financial institutions was selected with a total of 18 articles. Furthermore, the stages of research are carried out as described in the research methodology. The findings of this study describe two main financing schemes carried out by Islamic financial institutions, namely: The first scheme is Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) with mudharabah, musyarakah, muzara'ah and muzaqat contracts. The second scheme is non-PLS, which includes murabahah, bai' salam, ijarah and qard al-hasanah. Other findings in this study describe Islamic MFI financing schemes in several countries such as: in Indonesia there are two financing principles in Islamic MFIs, namely equity financing using PLS mechanisms such as: mudharabah and musyarakah. The second principle is debt-based financing using a non-PLS mechanism. While in Bangladesh the Grameen Bank model was developed, but it is considered not to meet Islamic sharia because it still uses interest. Furthermore Kalanjiam financing scheme in India which is quite successful. Finally, in Latin America and Africa, the village bank model has been successfully implemented in accordance with sharia in Jabal al Hoss, Syria.
Keywords: LKMS, Financing, Literature Study


This chapter from our book Legal Writing in Context aims to demystify analogical reasoning for law students. We break down why, exactly, this muddy and controversial form of reasoning has become such a bedrock of legal analysis and provide specific suggestions for how to construct effective analogies in legal writing.


Introduction Practising CBT Skills within their Knowledge Base Skills for Assessing, Formulating and Starting CBT Skills for Developing the Relationship in CBT Skills for Working with Negative Thinking Skills for Working on Changing Behaviour Skills for Working with Emotions Skills for Working with Enduring Life Patterns Maintaining and Developing CBT Skills Appendix 1 Resources for CBT Measures Appendix 2 Other Cognitive Methods using Cost Benefit Analysis and Pie Charts


. Chromo-natural inflation is a novel model of inflation which relies on the existence of non-abelian gauge fields interacting with an axion. In its simplest realization, an SU(2) gauge field is assumed to begin inflation in a rotationally invariant VEV. The dynamics of the gauge fields significantly modifies the equations of motion for the axion, providing an additional damping term that supports slow-roll inflation, without the need to fine tune the axion decay constant. We demonstrate that in an appropriate slow-roll limit it is possible to integrate out the massive gauge field fluctuations whilst still maintaining the nontrivial modifications of the gauge field to the axion. In this slow-roll limit, chromo-natural inflation is exactly equivalent to a single scalar field effective theory with a non-minimal kinetic term, i.e. a P ( X, χ ) model. This occurs through a precise analogue of the gelaton mechanism, whereby heavy fields can have unsuppressed effects on the light field dynamics without con-tradicting decoupling. The additional damping effect of the gauge fields can be completely captured by the non-minimal kinetic term of the single scalar field effective theory. We utilize the single scalar field effective theory to infer the power spectrum and non-gaussianities in chromo-natural inflation and confirm that the mass squared of all the gauge field fluctuations is sufficiently large and positive that they completely decouple during inflation. These results confirm that chromo-natural inflation is a viable, stable and compelling model for the generation of inflationary perturbations.


The paper discusses the factors that limit the growth of coal production in Kuzbass. They were identified by the results of statistical analysis of the actual production indicators of working faces in eight thick coal seams. Technological solutions for the rational control of hard-to-break roof rocks, the shape and size of coal pillars, which ensure the stability of protected workings and isolation of the worked-out area from endogenous fires, are substantiated.


Introduction Haloperidol is a high-potency first generation antipsychotic and one of the most frequently used antipsychotic medications. It is a potent central antagonist of type 2 dopamine receptors, with low alpha 1 adrenergic activity and has no antihistamine or anti-cholinergic activity. It is a widely used drug with proven efficacy. Angioedema is a very rare side effect, occurring in <1% of cases. Objectives Case report and reflection on its etiology Methods A Pubmed search was performed with the MeSH terms "haloperidol" and "Anaphylactic reactions". Relevant articles obtained from the respective bibliographic references were also consulted. Results The following case describes the development of angioedema in a patient with an acute confusional syndrome on the second haloperidol IM administration for symptomatic control of agitation. Angioedema has been reported as an adverse effect of various antipsychotics such as clozapine, risperidone, ziprazidone and chlorpromazine, however, resulting from haloperidol administration is rare. Conclusions In long-term formulations sensitization testing is especially important but a single prior administration is not sufficient, a second controlled administration is essential to avoid this kind of fatal reactions.


Abstract: Soluble proline endopeptidase (EC 188.8.131.52) activity was measured by a fluorometric assay in eight human brain areas (caudate nucleus, lateral globus pallidus, medial globus pallidus, substantia nigrazona compacta, substantia nigra‐zona reticulata, frontal cortex‐Brodmann area 10, temporal cortex‐Brodmann area 38, and hippocampus), in 10 control and 10 Huntington's disease brains. An abnormally low activity (22% of control activity) was found in the caudate nucleus of Huntington's disease brains; significantly decreased activity was also detected in the lateral globus pallidus and medial globus pallidus (37% and 40% of control, respectively).


Collection of Poems and Essays of Double Willow Pavilion(Shuangliuxuan Shiwen Ji)is a primary collection compiled by the famous writer Yuan Mei of the Qing Dynasty in his early age,and The Complete Works of Yuan Mei(Yuanmei Quanji)is the modern edition of The Complete Works of Xiaocangshan House(Xiaocnagshan Fang Quanji)compiled when he was old.With the example of the collation on the two books,this paper indicates that there is always the incomplete historical appearance in most of the traditional complete works,due to the revision and recompilation when the writers are old.Therefore,when one studies the diachronic research referring to the works of a traditional writer,emphasis should be put on the primary collection which contains much truer historical information rather than the complete works.


Straight feedingstuffs like animal proteins and fats are derived from animal byproducts, e.g. bones, and fallen stock. Animal fat is approved as straight feedingstuff in EEC- and German legislation as well as meat meal, meat- and bone meal, blood meal and hydrolysed feather meal. The definitions demand for detailed labelling. Production takes place in rendering plants under defined veterinary conditions. Correct labelling is important : it is not allowed to declare compounds as animal fat. The nickel discussion in early 1995 did not concern animal fat because it is produced mechanically by removing from the raw material. No nickel catalysts are used. This is why animal fat does not contain nickel residues. Animal fat has a different effectivity in animal nutrition than vegetable oils. It leads to stable meat, especially bacon. The quality of meat and bacon can be checked quickly according to new methods. Animal fat exists naturally for the compound feed industry. It derives from natural resources and is thus worth being brought back to the natural circle. This protects the environment from unnecessary disposal of a useful nutritive substance and source of energy.


In this master's thesis, the possibility of increasing the load bearing capacity of glued timber joints by the use of a rubber foil was investigated. A rubber foil is believed to ensure a more uniform distribution of stresses and thereby greater load bearing capacity.

The work within this master's thesis consisted of developing material models for rubber based on experimental tests in order to enable analyses of interesting applications. Results from finite element analyses indicate an almost uniform shear stress distribution along a glued in rod, both at short term and long term loading.


Use is made of Laplace transforms to derive a general relationship for the moments about the origin of the three functions that appear in the convolution integral. The resulting equation can be used for the successive evaluation of the unknown moments of the instantaneous unit hydrograph from the known moments of the rainfall excess hyetograph and of the direct surface runoff hydrograph. Simplified forms of the moments equations are given for the moments of lowest orders. (Key words: Unit hydrograph; floods; streamflow)


Wood decomposers in stumps The root-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum has been the focus of many studies, but there are many other wood-decomposing species of which we know very little. Therefore, Rimvydas Vasiliauskas and his coworkers have made efforts to describe the wood-decomposing fungal flora of clearcuts in Lithuania, and to determine how it changes in relation to felling season, stump age and other factors.


The basic relationships among gear ratios, velocity succession, torque directions, power ratios, energy losses, and efficiency are derived from first principles. The techniques presented here can be applied to ordinary, planetary, or mixed gear trains. Also, these techniques provide more insight into how power is flowing through the different parts of the mechanism. Power flow relationships are a helpful tool to study power amplification and power circulation in multipath transmissions. They also provide more insight into how the gear pair entities (GPEs) or gear train entities (GTEs) affect total power losses and allow immediate derivation of the overall efficiency. A representative two-input mechanism is analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of improved techniques. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data of previous work. The theoretical and experimental curves exhibit identical trends with a distinct jump in friction loss. The jump is explained by a change in the way of the power flow through the mechanism. The conditions under which power circulation occurs are determined. The results have important implications for understanding how to improve the efficiency of multipath power flow systems.


The fruit industry and consumers are both very concerned about the quality of fresh banana fruit. In the recent day, a study is being conducted on the automatic classification of fruits and vegetables freshness. The food industry probably benefits from the automatic classification of food freshness. Finally deep learning model gives the better accuracy as comparison to machine learning models for classify the banana shelf life on the basis of ripeness. Convolutional neural network based framework utilizes different layers and Inception model gives higher accuracy on the dataset is 99.6 percent.


Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great promise for cell‐based therapies and drug screening applications. However, growing and processing large quantities of undifferentiated hESCs is a challenging task. Conventionally, hESCs are passaged as clusters, which can limit their growth efficiency and use in downstream applications. This study demonstrates that hESCs can be passaged as single cells using Accutase, a formulated mixture of digestive enzymes. In contrast to trypsin treatment, Accutase treatment does not significantly affect the viability and proliferation rate of hESC dissociation into single cells. Accutase‐dissociated single cells can be separated by FACS and proliferate as fully pluripotent hESCs. An Oct4–eGFP reporter construct engineered into hESCs was used to monitor the pluripotency of hESCs passaged with Accutase. Compared to collagenase‐passaged hESCs, Accutase‐treated cultures contained a larger proportion of undifferentiated (Oct4‐positive) cells. Additionally, Accutase‐passaged undifferentiated hESCs could be grown as monolayers without the need for monitoring and/or selection for quality hESC colonies. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 818–827, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


As members of the family Laelapidae, Gaeolaelaps species are generally acknowledged from litter and edaphic habitats (Joharchi 2019; 2022). The taxonomic history of Gaeolaelaps is complicated and long-term (Halliday & Lindquist 2007). Gaeolaelaps was first defined by Evans and Till (1966) and used to be a subgenus of Hypoaspis (Halliday & Lindquist 2007; Beaulieu 2009). Prior to this paper, the genus Gaeolaelaps consisted of more than 120 described species (Nemati & Mohseni 2013; Kazemi 2020), with 20 species reported from China (Yan et al. 2018). Herein, a new species of Gaeolaelaps Evans & Till, 1966, Gaeolaelaps sp. nov. is described from adult females collected in soil under the Osmanthus trees in Jiangxi Province, China.


A low-complexity iterative receiver for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) systems is proposed in this paper.In the proposed scheme,we apply linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) filter in the first iteration and utilize a new low-complexity MMSE combining with soft interference cancellation (SIC) in the following iter- ations to suppress residual interference and noise.By adopting the strategy that the different components of the residuals and the noise are approximated by uncorrelated random variables after the SIC,the complexity of the algorithm can be greatly reduced as the matrix inversion for MMSE is not necessary.Computer simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme can achieve almost the same performance as the conventional MMSE combining with SIC with much lower complexity.


ÐA method is introduced for scaling Monte Carlo kinetics of the Potts model using rate theory. The method is particularly designed for the kinetic and spatial scaling of multistate kinetic Potts models using one or more sets of non-conserved structural or orientational state variables Si each of which can assume a number of Qi degenerate ground states (Q or multistate Potts models) as commonly employed for simulating recrystallization and curvature driven grain growth phenomena. The approach is based on the equivalence of single-site state switches in the Potts model and grain boundary motion as described by Turnbull's classical rate theory mapped on a simulation lattice. According to this approach the switching probabilities can be scaled by the ratio of the local and the maximum occurring values of the grain boundary mobility and by the ratio of the local and the maximum occurring values of con®gurational and scalar contributions to the driving force. The real time step elapsing during one Monte Carlo time step is scaled by the maximum occurring grain boundary mobility, the maximum occurring driving force, and the lattice parameter of the simulation grid. 7 2000 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


Abstract. This application has two purposes. The first, under Article 23.9.5 of the Code, is to conserve the specific name of the binomen Helix unidentata Draparnaud, 1805, a junior primary homonym of Helix unidentata Holten, 1802, by ruling that the former is not thereby invalid. These names are currently in use for two different species of stylommatophoran snails that have not been treated as congeneric since 1898. Helix unidentata Draparnaud, 1805 has been considered the type species of Petasina Beck, 1847 (Helicoidea, Hygromiidae,) by a majority of authors, whereas Helix unidentata Holten, 1802 is the valid name of Helix ventricosa De Cristofori & Jan, 1832, the type species of Stylodonta De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 (Acavidae, Rhytidoidea). The second purpose of this application, under Art. 81.1 of the Code, is to clarify the status of Petasina Beck, 1847 by (a) fixing Helix unidentata Draparnaud, 1805 as its type species and (b) confirming that Petasina Beck, 1847 is an available name independent of Petasia Beck, 1837. This is necessary to maintain current usage of not only Petasina Beck, 1847 but also another frequently used genus-group name, Euconulus Reinhardt, 1883 (Euconulidae, Trochomorphoidea). Finally, lectotypes are designated for Helix unidentata Draparnaud, 1805 and Helix edentula Draparnaud, 1805.


Objective
To investigate the influence factors about safely and regionally transporting critically ill children by T-piece.

Methods
The clinical data of 8 702 critically ill children transported to our hospital by T-piece from July, 2010 to October, 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. And the factors influencing the safety were analyzed.

Results
The were statistical difference in the successful rate of transportation between children with different ages, body weights, or transcutaneous oxygen saturations and between those with and without pulmonary hemorrhage (all P 0.05) .

Conclusions
If the children are less than 1 year old and not heavier than 10 kg and have no lung bleeding complications, their ranscutaneous oxygen saturations are over 85%, and the one-way transport distance is within 400 km, the successful referral rate is above 95% and transporting critically ill children by T-piece is recommended.

Key words:
T-piece; Transport; Influence factors; Children


This study aims to determine the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of the development of inquiry model learning devices guided by palm fiber composite media in sound wave material. The research method used is the research and Development (R&D) method with a 4D model consisting of definition, design, development, and dissemination stage.  Learning tools developed in the form of syllabus, Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), Learner Worksheet (LKPD), test instruments, palm fiber composite media, and learning video. Validation results show the learning device components in the category are so valid that they are feasible for use in learning.  Reliability of syllabus, Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), Learner Worksheet (LKPD), test instruments, palm fiber composite media, and learning video above 75% show all components assessed to be in the reliable category. The results of teacher response, student response, and learning implementation are in the very practical category. Learners' learning outcomes increased with a gain of 0.63 in the medium category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the learning device of the guided inquiry model assisted by palm fiber composite media in sound wave material is feasible, practical, and effective.


The object of this paper was to utilize the plum seed oil for the preparation of the topical formulation for skin care since it can improve elasticity and prevent accelerated skin aging. Soxhlet extraction of plum seed oil was performed using n-hep-tane. The spectrophotometric methods were applied to estimate the photoprotec-tive effect and antioxidant activity of the samples. The warm-warm emulsification process was used for the preparation of topical formulation based on plum seed oil. The antioxidant activity of the plum seed oil was estimated based on the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (9.39 mg/mL). After the incorporation of the oil in the topical formulation, the IC 50 value of 9.33 mg/mL was not significantly changed. The viscosities of the topical formulation and plum seed oil were 1.56×10 6 mPa·s (at the shear rate of 5 s-1) and 60.48 mPa·s (at the shear rate of 50 s-1), respectively. Rheological analysis showed that the plum seed oil and topical formulation were Newtonian and non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluids, respectively. The formulation adsorbed the light in the UV-Vis range so that it can be used as a w/o emulsion photoprotective cream. The cream with adequate pH value was stable and micro-biologically safe for application to the skin. Due to the use of cheaper ingredients, the formulation is acceptable and suitable for manufacturing.


One of the things that draw people to a parade is the marching bands. The spectators enjoy seeing the bands in their uniforms; they enjoy hearing the bands play their music as they move in sync down the parade route. A big hit at parades is when the United States Marine Corps Marching Band begins to play and move down the street. They are, in my opinion, the epitome of disciplined marching, and synchronized movement. If while the Marine Corps Band is marching down the street, playing a patriotic tune, a Marine is observed marching out of step, out of sync with the rest of the band, and if the Marine does not get in step, and continues out of step, we would wonder what was wrong with that Marine. The Marine knows what the band is supposed to do, so why is he or she doing their own thing? It would seem the Marine was marching to the beat of a different drummer.


The utility model discloses a camera and a seat body thereof, wherein the seat body includes an external support, an internal support and a camera fixing seat. Both the internal support and the external support have a base and two support arms extending from two ends of the base, the internal support is arranged between the two support arms of the external support, the support arms of the internal support are connected with the support arms of the external support through fixing buckles, and the camera fixing seat is connected with the base of the internal support through a fixing buckle, therefore when the three-dimension regulation of the camera is required, all that is needed is to rotate the external support, the internal support and the camera fixing seat; and the adjustment is simple and convenient and the adjustable range is wide.


THE oecumenical movement towards unity among Christians is extending its horizon into the 'wider oecumenism' of the union of mankind in Christ. This broader horizon is impelling theologians to answer such questions as: What is the relationship of the pagan religions to the Christian Revelation? Can the pagan religions be classified as various manifestations of the 'natural' religion of mankind? Is there such a thing as 'purely natural' religion? In what sense are the pagan religions already united with Christ and with the Churchf! In the last analysis such questions can be reduced to the crucial problem: What is the meaning of the natural religion of mankind within the existing supernatural order? This problem is the ultimate test of our ability to resolve the ambiguity that underlies theological discussion on these questions. Theologians confront us with two paradoxical statements. The supernatural Christian Revelation is absolutely unique and it transcends all 'natural' religion. The natural religion of mankind is not purely natural and therefore it is in contact with the supernatural Christian Revelation. Both these statements are true. But the explanation of how this paradox


Chinese words stand by no means beyond the cultural system but make one of the diverse items in it. Therefore, a study of culture of Chinese words should be based on Chinese words to explore their relationship with other cultural items. In this connection, "culture of Chinese words" represents a different conceptual category from that of "culture of the Chinese language", allowing no confusion between them, for the former was derived from the forms of the Chinese words' own while the latter from expressions recorded with Chinese words. Although the forms of Chinese words are closely related with other cultural items, they are not qualified either to describe the culture in detail or to ultimately establish the culture. Thus an accurate control should be developed over the degree of measurement of the cultural function of Chinese words in a research of the culture of Chinese words.


Two generations of Nephelopsis obscura were produced annually in the spring and in the late summer. The spring generation was the progeny of the heavier elements of the previous year's spring generation and of the late-summer generation produced 2 years previously. The late-summer generation was produced by parts of the previous year's spring and late-summer generations. Each generation produced young after either 12 and 15 months or 12 and 19 months although each individual bred once only. Unlike other species of leeches studied N. obscura showed no direct correlation between cocoon production and water temperature, the primary prerequisite being a weight of more than 150 mg. Seasonal movements from the deep-water zone to the shore zone in spring and vice versa in the fall were recorded for the first time. The movements to the deep-water zone were not synchronous throughout the population, the spring generation completing its movements before the other components of the population.


Background: The global interest in reducing fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is not recent. Under this light, this study aimed to correlate the energetic efficiency of wood transport, using the specific fuel consumption, with the variables wood drying time, truck power, fuel consumption and transport distance, in addition to adjusting equations for estimating energetic efficiency of the activity.
Study Design and Methodology:  From a database of a forest transport company operating in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, the results of 1,387 trips were compiled, with an average distance of 110 km, using forest bi-train and tri-train trucks, with which simulations were carried out considering the effect of wood drying time in the field, fuel consumption, truck power and transport distance on the energetic efficiency of wood transport.
Results: The results showed the existence of a strong negative correlation between the drying time of the wood in the field, the fuel consumption of the trucks and the increase in power in them and the energetic efficiency of the wood transport. Moreover, every 10 days of drying the wood in the field there is, on average, a 2.0% reduction in the moisture content of the wood and, as a consequence, an improvement of 2.8% in the energetic efficiency of wood transport, keeping the other conditions constant. Additionally, it was verified that a reduction of around 10% in fuel consumption is capable of providing an improvement of around 9.0% in the energetic efficiency of the activity; and that an increase of 20 CV in the power of the trucks represents a possible gain of up to 4.4% in the energetic efficiency of the wood transport activity, keeping all other variables constant.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the search for improvement in the energetic efficiency of the wood transport activity can represent an important tool for a management model based on the principles of sustainability by providing greater efficiency in fuel consumption and its associated benefits, such as the reduction of CO2 emissions per unit of wood transported.


0. Notations N = number of states in the model T = length of observation sequence (number of state transitions per day) x t = the state in which the user is at time t y t = the observation symbol observed at instant t π i = P(x o = i) , the probability of being in state i at the beginning of the each sequence Q = { q ij }, where q ij = P(x t+1 = j | x t = i), the transition matrix, the probability of being in state j at time t+1 given that user was in state i at time t P(y t | x t = j) , emission probability of observation given that user is in state j µ i = the mean vector of each state ∑ = the covariance matrix of each state λ = (Q, µ i , ∑, π i), our Hidden Markov Model 1. Motivation and Goal Advent of smartphones enabled us to use GPS information for personal use. In addition, law enforcement are utilizing nextgeneration technology, and applications monitor known targets and identify suspects to predict their behavior and prevent attacks before they take place. In order to implement these applications, it is necessary to track the movements of mobile user in realtime or over a defined time period among mass location. Mobile user's mobility pattern is a Hidden Markov Model(HMM), because we do not get to observe the actual sequence of states(the location state), we can only observe the measurements(location coordinate data) generated by each state. Hence, we designed the algorithm to predict mobile user mobility pattern using machine learning algorithm and HMM. We relaxed data and our goal was to predict the best estimate of state sequence. Mobile user's mobility pattern is a Hidden Markov Model, because we do not get to observe the actual sequence of states (the location state), we can only observe the measurements (location coordinate data) generated by each state. Specifically, if we projected an uniform grid onto the region of interest like Figure 1A and each grid stands for each state, every single different colored points tell us the coordinate of position of mobile device through GPS or any other navigation aids, but in this region the values of the states are unobserved when we observed location measurement. That is, we do not know which grid contains …


A vital measure of the influence of a thinker on a discipline is the extent to which they transform its customs, protocols and practices in a way that makes it difficult to conceive how things were done before they appeared on the scene. Such transformations are usually simply incorporated into the discipline and presupposed by those who come after. This is why we often have a thankless relation to the most influential thinkers – because their innovations are now the way in which we are accustomed to see and do things. Definitionally then, great thinkers are often those who change the way we do things in a peculiarly thankless way. Jacques Derrida was a great thinker. He exerted a massive influence over a whole generation of people working in philosophy. His death is an unfathomable loss. In what follows I would like to thank him for what he enabled people like me to presuppose thanklessly in our practice.


In 1964 an electronic system ("assisted resonance") to lengthen the reverberation time over a limited frequency range was installed experimentally in the Royal Festival Hall, London. Following the success of this experimental installation, the frequency range covered was extended (to 58–700 Hz) and the installation made permanent. This paper describes the installation and operation of the permanent system, and its objective and subjective effects. Typically, the reverberation time in the empty auditorium has been increased in the 125‐Hz octave band from 1.4 to 2.5 sec.


The utility model relates to an output voltage regulating device of an electronic cigarette. The output voltage regulating device comprises an input module, a control module and an output voltage regulation module, wherein the input module is used for enabling a user to conduct voltage customization, the control module is connected with the input module, the control module outputs a pulse width modulation signal after computing a custom voltage signal output by the input module, the output voltage regulation module is connected with the control module, and the output voltage regulation module adjusts the output voltage to be a custom voltage value according to the pulse width modulation signal provided by the control module. The output voltage regulating device can enable a user to regulate output voltage according to use demands.


In this paper, a comparative study of refined beam theories has been done for the free vibration analysis of thick beams, taking into account transverse shear deformation effect. The theories involves parabolic, sinusoidal, hyperbolic and exponential functions interms of thickness coordinates to include transverse shear deformation effect. The numbers of unknowns are same as that of first order shear deformation theory. The governing differential equations and boundary conditions are obtained by using the principle of virtual work. The results of bending and thickness shear mode frequencies for simply supported beam are presented and discussed critically with those of other theories. The results are found to agree well with the exact elasticity results wherever applicable. Comparison of dynamic shear correction factor is carried out using various shear deformation theories.


When the consistency of Tolunemisolum is 0.4×10~(-6) and 0.8×10~(-6), five experimental fishes(Anguilla japonicus,A.anguilla,Siniperca chuatsi, Xiphophrus helleri and Cyprinus carpio)are safe;when its consistency is 2×10~(-6), Anguilla japonicus,A.anguilla,Siniperca chuatsi are 100% alive,death rates of Xiphophrus helleri and Cyprinus carpio are 6% and 4%.The A.anguilla of infected Pseudodactylogyrus spp.(the rate of infected is 92%)had been dipped with the Toluenemisolum of different consistency (0.2×10~(-6), 0.4×10~(-6) and 0.8×10~(-6))for 120 hours only once.The rate of infected fish is decreased to 54%,10% and 0%.The experiment shows that the Toluenemisolum has a notable curative effect to disease infecting Pseudodactylogyrus spp.


The invention discloses a gray activated dye composition, and a preparation method as well as application thereof. The gray activated dye composition is prepared from a component A as shown in formula (I), a component B as shown in formula (II), a component C as shown in formula (III) and optional auxiliaries. The gray activated dye composition is suitable for dyeing various fiber materials, high in fixation rate, and excellent in various color fastness properties, and has relatively excellent overall performance.


In this panel we will present four strategies for providing computing for the elderly. We hope to generate discussion and ideas of the plusses and minuses of these strategies.


In this paper, we deal with specific cases in which we can analyze the code of Shimada based on the status of sending the same plaintext from more than one user with different public keys.Wewere able to analyze this codewith the help of the Chinese remainder theorem.


This study had used straight vegetable oil (SVO) particularly neat rapeseed oil as a fuel in a direct injection diesel engine. Combustion performance and exhaust emissions of using the fuel have been measured from no load up to full load engine condition. For comparison diesel fuel JIS#2 have been used. SVO gives higher NOx but lower smoke emissions at high load compared with JIS#2. Lower smoke emissions at high load is due to oxygen content in the SVO that can eliminate partially unburned fuel at stratified fuel rich zone during combustion. Enhanced combustion raises the temperature inside the combustion chamber and caused higher NOx emission. In addition of using SVO as fuel, this study also had blend several percentages of ethanol into SVO with the presence of octanol as surfactant. As percentage of ethanol increased in this SVO-ethanol blend, smoke and particulate emissions reduced with unchanged NOx level. This is because the reduction of kinematic viscosity of SVO-ethanol blend improves the atomization and vaporization of injected fuel droplets that leads to lower particulate emission. Simultaneous reduction of NOx and particulate emissions can be obtained by transform the SVO into an emulsion fuel by blending some percentages of water into SVO with existence of castor oil as surfactant. Evaporation of water during combustion reduces the combustion temperature and causes the reduction of NOx emission. Reduction of particulate emission is due to water gas reaction. However, the use of SVO emulsion in diesel engine shows deterioration of CO and THC emissions.


THE treatmentof fractures is a matter of great importancefrom every point of view. That of the patient must naturally be placed in the forefront. In the first placehe is subjectedto pain and inconvenience as a result of his injury and, secondly, his future activities will be influenced to a very large extent by the degreeof successachieved in the treatment. The vast majority of personswho have the misfortuneto suffer from fractures,belong to the group of those whose occupationsexpose them to the risk of physicalinjury. As a rule these individuals are manual workers and in the event of a disablementof sufficient gravity to interfere permanentlywith their activities the majority find it impossibleto changetheir occupationto one of a sedentary nature. To the medical practitioner called on to attend a patient with a fracture the treatment is of some moment. Nothing is calculated to damage the reputation of a medical practitionermore than an unsightly or functionally bad union of fractured bones. Such acondition is frequently a permanentmonument erected to his Incompetence. Of course there occur fractures of .suchseverityandsituatedin suchpartsof the body that it is practically impossibleto achievean altozgether satisfactory result. The patient and his friends do not always realize this and attemptsto ,explain it to them may not be readily accepted.


Abstract To examine the factor controlling the low P tolerance in the case of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and photosynthetic activity (Po), nine mashbean cultivars (three for each of early, medium, and late maturity groups) were selected for field experiments under two P levels of 10 kg P ha-1 (low P) and 100 kg P ha-1 (control) and dry matter weight, leaf area, leaf number, Po, and acetylene reduction activity (ARA) were determined at the vegetative and flowering stages. At low P, the relative whole plant dry weight was reduced to more than 50% which was more significant in early and medium maturity groups than late maturity one. Low P application led to an increase in the dry matter distribution into roots in all the cultivars. Low P conditions decreased both leaf number and average leaf area, and those reductions were more pronounced in early maturity cultivars, which resulted in a greater reduction of photosynthesis on a whole plant basis than BNF at both growth stages. However, Po remained rel...


Our Heavenly Father The students are introduced to the Holy Trinity through studying the development of salvation history and presentations on God the Father, the life of Jesus, and the Holy Spirit. Students are also introduced to God's plan and their participation in God's family, which includes Mary, the angels, and the saints. The emphasis of the first grade curriculum is for students to grow to know, love, and trust God.


Room-temperature ferromagnetism in proton-irradiated C60 fullerene is demonstrated. The ferromagnetism turns into diamagnetism intrinsic to the fullerene as the magnetic field increases above a critical field.


Language is one of the most important and difficult for young children in communication. Most children learn to talk in the years before school entry. The objective of this study is the writer tries to investigate and identify the phonological system made by children 3 years to 5 years old. The writer use descriptive qualitative analysis in order to figure out and identify the form of phonological and semantic system made by children at the age 3-5 years old. The writer use observation and interview in collecting the data. The research finding in this study were there are omission that can be seen in phonological system on children at the age 3-4 years, the consonant sound of /k/, /t/, /r/, and /s/ and there also replacement sound occurs in pronunciation made by the age 3-4 years such sound letter /c/ with /s/ and letter sound consonant /r/ with /l/. At the age of 5 years, the sound of consonant has been seen more clearly in the pronunciation of words. They have been able to recognize the sound of consonant /k/, /t/, /r/, and /s/. in conclusion, The phonological system made by children 3 years to 5 years old it can be seen from the difficulties of the latter sound; /t/, /d/, /r/, /l/, and the replace of position latter /s/ with /c/ and also the latter /r/ with /l/.


We give a complete classification of homomorphisms from the braid group on $n$ strands to the braid group on $2n$ strands when $n$ is at least 5. We also classify endomorphisms of the braid group on 4 stands. Our classifications suggest a recursive classification of homomorphisms between any braid groups. We also give a simple, geometric proof of a theorem of Lin that highly constrains the holomorphic maps that may exist between spaces of monic, square-free polynomials of a given degree.


We report on a femtosecond-OPO based multimodal nonlinear optical microscope that permits multiphoton fluorescence, SHG, THG, CARS, and stimulated Raman scattering imaging on the same platform.


Wirt (1991) noted the 1990 Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Act called for integration of academic and vocational education to link "thought with action" (p. 426). In agricultural education, The National Research Council (1988) has promoted a recent focus on agricultural science or agriscience education, recommending "Ongoing efforts should be expanded to upgrade the scientific and technical content of vocational agriculture courses" (p. 35). Sharing resources between secondary school science departments and agriculture teachers is one way to upgrade science content in agricultural education.


Precise control over redox properties is essential for high‐performance organic electronic devices such as organic batteries, electrochromic devices, and information storage devices. In this context, multi‐redox active carbons and hydrocarbons, represented as CxHy molecules (x≥1, y≥0), are highly sought after, because they can switch between multiple redox states. Herein, we outline the redox properties of CxHy molecules as solutes and adsorbed species. Furthermore, the limitations of evaluating their redox properties and the possible solutions are summarized. Additionally, the theoretical capacity (mAh/g) and gravimetric energy density (Wh/kg) of secondary batteries were estimated based on the redox properties of 185 CxHy molecules, which have primarily been reported in the last decade. Among them, seven CxHy molecules were found to have the potential to surpass the energy density of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2/graphite batteries. The use of CxHy molecules in multielectrochromic devices and multi‐bit memory is also explained. We believe that this review will encourage further utilization of CxHy molecules thereby promoting its applications in organic electronic devices.


Objective
To evaluate the coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM) by MR first-pass perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement.

Methods
From January 2011 to May 2015, 47 cases with HCM (HCM group) from the second affiliated hospital of Nanchang University were retrospectively analyzed. Additionally, 21 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. HCM group and control group underwent cardiac MR examinations at rest, including short axial cine, first-pass myocardial perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement scanning. Time to peak(tpeak), maximal upslope of time-intensity curve(Slopemax), peak signal intensity(SIpeak), myocardial thickening, and late myocardial gadolinium enhancement(LGE) were assessed for each myocardial segment. HCM group were divided into LGE segments group and non-LGE segments group. LGE segments group were divided into mild, moderate and severe LGE segments group. The SIpeak, Slopemax and tpeak in multiple groups were compared by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman correlation tests were used to determine the relationships between perfusion parameter and LGE.

Results
The average values of tpeak in non-LGE segments group (527 segments), LGE segments group (225 segments) and control group (336 segments) were (67.0±27.4), (79.4±27.4), (59.7±21.6)s, respectively. The average values of Slopemax in the three groups were 17.2±7.0, 16.4±7.4, 20.4±6.3, respectively. The average values of SIpeak in the three groups were 442.7±143.2, 465.1±138.4, 521.9±146.7, respectively. Compared to the control group, tpeak increased and Slopemax, SIpeak decreased in non-LGE segments group and LGE segments group (P 0.05). There were significant differences among LGE segments groups, as the tpeak and SIpeak increased with increasing degrees of myocardial LGE (P 0.05). The degree of LGE were positively correlated with tpeak (r=0.237, P<0.01).

Conclusions
3.0 T magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion imaging can show microvascular dysfunction accurately and reliably in non-LGE segments. It may be helpful in the early diagnosis of coronary microvascular dysfunction for HCM.

Key words:
Cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic; Myocardial perfusion imaging; Microcirculation


By integrating a monolithic lens using dry etching of the input mirror facet of an UTC photodiode, we have achieved > 4-fold improvement of alignment tolerance in the lateral axis without compromising diode efficiency. Lensed photodiodes show simultaneously 0.76 A/W with low polarisation loss (0.3 dB).


Fluid accessibility of various structural components of 15 hardwoods belonging to different treatability classes was studied by using water-soluble and organic solvent stains. Penetration was found to vary even among the species categorized under the same treatability class indicating large-scale variation within the existing treatability classes. A quantitative estimation of this behavior was obtained in the form of a penetration index. This approach indicates that treatability class needs a change for 5 of the 15 species studied.


Based on the analysis of production process and product performance of silk quilt,an evaluation system including safety performance,material quality,using performance and technology level was established.


Abstract. Hartini S. 2020. Orchid diversity in Bintan Island, Riau Islands. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 6: 520-526. Bintan Island is one of the islands located in the Riau Islands Province. Bintan Island has several types of forest areas, namely Protection Forest, Catchment Area, Limited Production Forest, Conversion Forest and Mangrove Forest. On this island there are seven Protection Forests, of which only two of them are in good condition, namely Gunung Bintan Besar Protection Forest and Gunung Bintan Kecil Protection Forest. Orchids are plants that need to be known on this island, because data on the diversity of orchids on this island is still limited. Research on orchids on Bintan Island had been carried out in two locations, namely Gunung Bintan Besar Protection Forest in 2015 and Gunung Bintan Kecil Protection Forest in 2017. The research was conducted using purposive random sampling method. The number of orchids found in the Gunung Bintan Besar Protection Forest is far more than that found in the Gunung Bintan Kecil Protection Forest. 23 species consisting of 14 epiphytic orchids and nine terrestrial orchids were found in the Gunung Bintan Besar Protection Forest, while six species were found in the Gunung Bintan Kecil Protection Forest, consisting of two epiphytic orchids and four terrestrial orchids. Orchids found in both regions are Bromheadia finlaysoniana, Corymborkis veratrifolia, Spathoglottis plicata, Bulbophyllum gracillimum and Dendrobium crumenatum. There was one genus that was found in both locations, namely Neuwiedia, but the species were different. Neuwiedia zollingeri was found in the Gunung Bintan Besar Protection Forest, while Neuwiedia veratrifolia was found in the Gunung Bintan Kecil Protection Forest. Most of the orchids found in the Gunung Bintan Kecil Protection Forest were also found in the Gunung Bintan Besar Protection Forest.


The cobalt-deficient diet introduced by Stewart (1947) contains flaked maize as t..is foodstuff contains very little cobalt. Experiments in which this ration was used have already been described (Phillipson & Mitchell, 1952), and examination of the rumen contents of some of the lambs involved revealed an unusual bacteriological picture (Masson, 1950, 1951), for the protozoa had disappeared from the rumen and the usual population of iodophilic cocci seen in sheep fed on diets containing starch had been largely displaced by rod-like sporulating organisms later identified as Cbstridium butyrzkum. In addition, lactic acid-producing bacteria (lactobacilli) were isolated. These observations were most marked in those lambs receiving cobalt, for they ate more of the flaked maize mixture. Lambs receiving no supplementary cobalt did not show this picture to such a marked extent. Masson's observations suggested that the acids formed as a result of fermentation would not be present in their usual proportions, and for this reason chromatographic separation of the steam-volatile acids was undertaken and the results are presented in this paper.


This thesis examines issues of sexuality and socialization among young women in a Southern Italian-Canadian community. How are sexuality and socialization experienced and expressed, and how are conflicts negotiated? The study focuses on the young women's perceptions of the Southern Italian-Canadian upbringing of girls, attitudes about sexuality and socialization in their community and the impact of these attitudes on life choices. -- The study is based on eleven in-depth interviews conducted with second and third generation Southern Italian-Canadian women. The topics explored are: the issues of autonomy experienced by these women, and their socialization with regard to virginity, sexuality, marriage and family; whether heterosexist and hetero-normative expectations exist for Southern Italian-Canadian women; how these women explain their experiences, justify their lifestyle decisions, and negotiate the divide between their two cultures. -- It was found that this group of Southern Italian-Canadian women experience repression of their sexuality and independence. This is evident from the participants' narratives regarding their struggles with oppressive old world traditions, expectations, and ideals found in that community.


Aim. To evaluate combination treatment effectiveness by amlodipine with bisoprolol (A/B) on the data of 24-hour BP pattern in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) working in Far North. Material and methods. Totally 140 patients studied with AH who were separated into 2 groups according to their working conditions: 1st group — 72 persons, working only daytime; 2nd group — 68 shift workers. All patients were prescribed combination therapy A/B with final dosages: 1st group 8,3±1,3/9,8±1,6 mg daily, 2nd group 9,5±1,5/14,5±1,2 mg daily. 24-hour BP values were studied at baseline, in 4 weeks and in 6 weeks of the treatment. Results. In combination 6-months therapy by A/B in the 2nd group of AH patients comparing to the 1 st groupthere was lower rate of target BP achievement (87,9 and 92,9%, resp.). The "pressure load" parameters did not reach normal ranges in both groups, however were more significant in the 2nd group, that is why it is important to prescribe the 3rd hypotensive medication to these patients. We found BP variability normalization and improvement of morning BP dynamics in both groups that decreases the risk of cardiovascular complications. There was good tolerability.


Experimental results with second-harmonic 460 nm-wavelength emission are presented. A profound analytical description of the intra-cavity beam shaping properties of the resonator based on the ABCD-law provides an effective design tool for the construction of appropriate resonator setups. Also described is the layer design of the optically pumped laser chip in which the fundamental radiation is generated. Overall conversion efficiencies up to 14.5% and a maximum power of 1.6W are demonstrated.


Ni-Doped ordered mesoporous carbon (Ni@OMC) was prepared by a one-pot solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process with sustainable biomass-derived gallic acid as the carbon precursor, F127 as the soft template and Ni2+ as the cross-linker and catalytically active ingredient. Ni particles with ca. 7.8 nm diameter were uniformly dispersed in the carbon skeleton of the synthesized OMC due to the confinement effects of Ni particles in the carbon skeleton of OMC by coordination between gallic acid molecules and metal Ni2+ ions in the EISA process. The as-synthesized Ni@OMC sample showed excellent catalytic performance for the hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural into furfuryl alcohol (FFA), and a FFA yield as high as 98% could be achieved at 180 °C in 4 h reaction time in 1-propanol solvent in the presence of 3 MPa H2 pressure. The prepared Ni@OMC exhibited good stability and recyclability. This work provides a green and simple one-pot strategy for the synthesis of metal-doped OMCs without using harmful phenolic and formaldehyde compounds, which should have many applications in fields such as catalysis, drug delivery and energy storage.


The study was conducted to identify genetic variability and heritability of the 12 genotype characters of soybean. Experiment had been carried out from March to June 2003 at the Research Station of Coconut Research Center (BALITKA) at Kima Atas, Mapanget, North Sulawesi employing the Randomized Completely Block Design. There were 10 line of soybeans to be used as treatments, namely GH.7, P.387, P.396, I.235, I.209, M.220, M.345, H.209, H.218, No.13D, as well as 2 soybean varieties, namely Meratus and Willis. Determination of genetic variance coefficient of a character had been performed using the genetic variance and standard deviation of the genetic variance of the character. Heritability value was calculated employing broad sense method. The observed characters were harvest age, number of productive tiller, number of empty pod for each plant, number filled pod for each plant, number of seed for each plant, biomass for each plant, dried seed mass for each plant, 100 seed mass for each plant, harvest index, and seed partition index. The result revealed that the observed characters such as harvest age, number of productive tiller, number of filled pod for each plant, number of seed for each plant, dried seed mass for each plant, 100 seed mass for each plant, and harvest index were categorized as high. Besides, the number of empty pod for each plant, biomass for each plant, and seed partition index had narrow genetic variability and moderate heritability value.

Key words : variability, heritability, genotipe


A monocular vision pose estimation and identification algorithm used on a small 1 spacecraft for future orbital servicing is studied in this paper. A tracker spacecraft equipped with 2 a short-range vision system is proposed to recover the 3D structural model of a space target in 3 orbit and automatically identify its solar panels and main body using only visual information from 4 an onboard camera. The proposed reconstruction and identification framework is tested using 5 structure-from-motion and point cloud identification methods. The Efficient Perspective-n-Points 6 (EPnP) descriptor is used for pose estimation. Triangulated points are used for component 7 segmentation by means of orientation histogram descriptors. Experimental results based on 8 laboratory images of a spacecraft model show the effectiveness and robustness of our approach. 9


Three measures were computed for each of 32 undergraduate Ss: (1) the rate at which simple RTs to auditory stimuli decrease with sound-intensity, (2) the rate at which numerical estimates of loudness increase over the same stimulus range, (3) the mean of 60 RTs to a 70-db auditory stimulus. A significant rho of .45 was found between the slopes of the RT and loudness functions, but neither slope value was significantly related to the mean RT.


BJECTIVES To evaluate the need of routine follow-up imaging after ureteroscopy. ETHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of patients undergoing ureteroscopy for urolithiasis. Selective imaging was performed in the initial postoperative phase (1-3 weeks after removal of the ureteral stent) if the procedure was classified as complicated because of the presence of an impacted stone, the need for balloon dilation, intraoperative ureteral perforation, or postoperative pain after stent removal. Uncomplicated ureteroscopy was followed by repeat imaging if the patient developed recurrent renal colic or as surveillance for new stone growth at 6-12 months of follow-up. ESULTS A total of 267 ureteroscopic procedures were performed on 253 patients. The data from 214 of 253 patients (84.6%) who had undergone noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging 1 month after surgery were analyzed. The mean follow-up was 14.5 months (range 1-66). The incidence of stricture was 1.4% (3/214). The incidence in the selective imaging (complicated ureteroscopy) group was 5.3% (3/56). In uncomplicated ureteroscopy group, it was 0% (0/158). Ureteral stricture developed in 3 of 11 patients with stone impaction (27.2%, P .002), 2 of 14 patients undergoing ureteral balloon dilation (10.4%, P .0052), and in 1 of 6 patients with an intraoperative mucosal perforation (16.6%, P .0326). Persistent postoperative pain after stent removal was not predictive of stricture formation (3.6%, P .139). ONCLUSIONS The results of our study have shown that selective imaging as determined by the intraoperative findings of complicated ureteroscopy (eg, impacted stone, balloon dilation, mucosal perforation) will detect postoperative ureteral strictures. Routine follow-up imaging is not essential after uncomplicated ureteroscopy. UROLOGY 73: 490–493, 2009. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.


In portraying Musil's and Valéry's intellectual universes as radically different, Krämer at times falls into sharp dichotomies which misrepresent the thrust of Musil's intellectual endeavor. For instance, Krämer's depiction of Musil's anthropology draws on the notions of "depth," "drive," and "origin" which Musil repeatedly questioned. Violence and love, Krämer claims, are two attitudes and primary drives (Grundhaltungen, 154, and Grundtriebe, 516). Despite the caveat Kämer offers—Triebe should not be understood in a biological or psychoanalytical sense (147)—his choice of terms is problematic: Musil never equates love with a drive. Krämer's remarks on Musil's ideal of authenticity are another case in point. Krämer suggests that authenticity for Musil requires the uncovering of "certain natural or genuine dispositions or tendencies" ("von bestimmten natürlichen oder ursprünglich gegebenen Anlagen," 514). In fact, Musil links authenticity to the ability to think by oneself and to fi nd one's own voice, not to an inner, deepseated and originary self. Finally, Krämer's claim that Musil privileges extraordinary emotions and experiences (508) remains debatable. Musil did use extreme situations as magnifying lenses; his objective, however, was to understand the ordinary man and to lay the ground for an ethic that could be relevant in ordinary life. These criticisms notwithstanding, Olav Krämer's study is a stimulating book that will be of relevance to readers interested in Musil, Valéry, issues of the mind, and the literary depiction of mental phenomena.


With ultrasonic treatment,maize starch gum membrane formed and its tensile strength,elongation at break,light transmittance,coefficient of moisture vapor permeability,coefficient of oil permeability,and surface microstructure were investigated.It was found that Mechanical performance,barrier property and surface microstructure of membrane from ultrasonic treatment of maize starch are greatly improved.Hereinto,better effect is achieved at 1200 W 15 s,tensile strength can achieve 13.68 MPa,elongation at break is 27.8%,coefficient of moisture vapor permeability is 0.1098(g/cm2.d),coefficient of oil permeability is 0.0113(g.mm/cm2.d).


Arc thermal spray coating using Al-3%Mg thermal spray wire was carried out to prevent steel from corrosion damage under the marine environment. Post-sealing was applied to Al-3%Mg spray coating treatment using organic/inorganic composite ceramics in order to improve the corrosion resistance of the as-sprayed coating. The results of various electrochemical experiments with sealing treatment indicated that the improvement in corrosion resistance was observed due to low current density in all applied potential range during anodic and cathodic polarization experiments. Futhermore, the natural potential measurement exhibited severe potential fluctuation due to influence of micro-crack presence on the surface of sealed thermal spray coating layer. In addition, the sealed layer was easily eliminated during anodic polarization. Nevertheless, Al-3%Mg spray coating layer improved corrosion resistance by sealing treatment because the sealed coating efficiency was determined to be 92.11%, indicating the exterior environment barrier effect which is based on the Tafel analysis.


Partisan change in the 1984 election campaign is analyzed in the continuous monitoring studies by the National Election Studies and Decision/Making/Information. More change was found in partisanship than is suggested in the literature. There was a shift toward the Republican party throughout the campaign, but the change was not unidirectional. Instead, there was curvilinear change moving toward the Democrat party during parts of the campaign and toward the Republicans during other parts of the campaign. The changes in partisan strength correspond to changes in vote intention, suggesting responsiveness to short-term campaign events. All in all, partisanship is more volatile than we have been led to expect.


This work carried out numerical simulations of gravity waves of the sea surface using the model WAVEWATCH-III version 1.18 over the Atlantic in order to evaluate the importance of detailing wind features for different sea conditions. The chosen area was delimited by parallels 18 o S and 45 o S and the meridian 35o W and 70o W, so that the center of the grid was over the RS coast. For each event, wind fields from the RAMS mesoscale model (grid of 0.34o x 0.284o and hourly output time) and from the NCEP global model (grid of 2.5o x 2.5o and temporal output every 6 hours) were inserted into the WW3 model in order to verify the influence of scales in the generation of sea surface waves. It was noted that in extreme events, the simulations overestimated the heights of the waves. Comparing to the observed in situ wind fields, it was also noticed that the integrations powered by NCEP reanalysis data showed more discrepant results than the integrations from the RAMS model. The more precise behavior when using RAMS data points out the importance of mesoscale phenomena for the generation of wave trains, which propagate in groups. During calm wind events, the wave heights were underestimated, raising two lines of action: the first is to extend the chosen domain, because this pattern seems to be associated with waves generated in a far remote region and the second is to start the WW3 with a more realistic wave field.


Squid components of trawl catches of exploratory fishing conducted by Japan Fishery Resource Research Center during May 1977 to March 1978 in the Southern Atlantic (mainly along the coasts of Namibia and the Republic
of South Africa) were investigated. The species occurred are comprised of 16 species belonging to 9 families. Among them, Loligo vulgaris and Todarodes sagittatus (+angolensis) were most abundant followed by Ommastrephes pteropus. Small species were less abundant because of size of the gear used. The total catch of L. vulgaris attained 63,529 kg occupying 2.15% of the total trawl catch. The majority of this species was talcen from 51-100 m stratum in the Area 4 (Agulhas Bank). The catch of Todarodes sagittatus (+angolensis) attained 12,778 kg or 0.43% of the total catch and was mainly taken in Areas 1 and 2 (west coast of Namibia) at strata deeper than 201 m. The former species was consisted of spawning shoals while the latter, pre-spawning group: the different species were in different maturity stage of life cycle.


The experiment was conducted with sha01,sha02,kuerlehuangsuan pear,yelikeamute pear and huochengdong huang pear as test materials.The content of soluble solid,fruit firmness,dry matter,vitamin C,deoxidized suger,titrate acid,sucrose and others were determined in these different species.The results showed that sha02 was the best in five pear species,the others were followed by sha01,huochengdonghuang pear,yelikeamute pear and kuerlehuangsuan pear.


Introduction: Plantarflexor muscles produce propulsive force in the second half of stance phase; deficient motor output from these muscles would lead to inadequate propulsion at push off and decreasing walking speed. This study has examined the effects of walking on a treadmill at varying gradients and speeds on ankle muscle timing in healthy middle-aged adults.
Materials and Methods: Fifteen healthy middle-aged adults (10M/5F; average age 56.53±7.20 years; body mass index 28.52±3.70 kg/m2) participated in the study. Participants walked on a standard treadmill at three different walking speeds (self-selected, self-selected+20%, self-selected+40%) and positive inclines (0°, 3°, and 6°). The onset muscle timing of MedialGastrocnemius (MG), and Tibialis Anterior (TA) muscles recorded at push off phase of the gait.
Results: A linear mixed model (LMM) regression analysis was used to analysis. The onset of MG and TA muscles activity delayed at faster speeds on the nonodominant side (p 0.05).
Conclusion: Data showed that there is a bias towards using dominant side to overcome challenging walking conditions in middle-aged adults.
Keywords: Electromyography, Exercise Test, Walking


The term "administration of the joint property" means the entirety of factual and legal actions, as well as the various measures taken for the purpose of preserving the items of property and their normal economic exploitation. Administration includes works related to: repair, storage and maintenance of items of the joint property. Disposal of the joint property of spouses means undertaking those legal actions that require the highest authorizations that the owner may have over the property. Authorization of disposal with the items means alienation or burdening of the items of the joint property. Unlike the administration of these items, their disposal is only occasional and not continuous, but given that disposal requires the highest property authorizations over the item, the acts of disposal have the most important juridical consequences and as a result, are of a greater importance in practice than the administration acts. Spouses, as joint owners of the property, are authorized to jointly and in agreement manage and dispose of jointly owned items. These spousal rights with regard to the administration and disposal of the joint property are a consequence of the legal nature of the joint ownership of spouses and the way it is acquired, as well as the principle of equality and solidarity of spouses. Spouses, by contract can regulate the manner and size of administration and disposal of items of the joint property, but it should be borne in mind that these contracts are not final and unchanging; on the contrary, spouses may, depending on the circumstances, have the opportunity to contract something else at any time. In order to avoid possible disagreements and disputes in this sensitive sphere of the marital relations, the law has laid down the limits of the authorizations of the spouse, which administers the joint property. For this reason, the lawmaker uses the terms "regular administration", "disposal under regular administration" and "extraordinary disposal". Given that marital relations, as a principle, must be developed in mutual harmony, administration and disposal of the joint property by agreement, often in practice, means a silent allowance by one spouse, so that the other spouse performs the acts for which he is the most capable. With the acts of administration and disposal of the jointly owned items, the spouses realize their property rights and obligations in marriage. The law has provided for the possibility, for spouses with written contracts to agree on acts of administration and disposal of the items of the joint property, however, the legislator has also regulated the possibility of abusing the rights deriving by the contract, by Article 71/4 of the Law on Ownership and other Real Rights, according to which: "each spouse can break the agreement for management or disposal of the joint property at any time, unless when obvious damage is inflicted on the other spouse with the breaking of the agreement".


By comparison with the Irish mission to Northumbria, the mission of Augustine to Kent can seem unexciting. One modern historian has even had occasion to ask "whether Augustine was quite the unimpressive figure which is usually depicted."' This impression is created even though, or perhaps because, the mission of Augustine is among the best-evidenced acts of evangelization in the early Middle Ages. Given the involvement of Gregory the Great and the direct interest of Bede, as well as the more tangential interest of the anonymous author of the Life of Gregory the Great, written at Streoneshealh in Northumbria, it is not surprising that the story of Augustine's mission should be among the best known in Anglo-Saxon history. Nevertheless, there are difficulties in the traditional narrative, as has long been recognized.2 Despite the vindication of certain aspects of Bede's account, his overall interpretation of the mission still gives cause for concern. At the same time the letters of Gregory the Great continue to provide the opportunity to reassess the context in which the mission must be understood. Further, certain aspects of Gregory's theology allow an insight into Augustine's approach to mission, and may ultimately explain why he can appear so much less interesting than his Irish counterparts. It is, therefore, worth considering these issues yet again. Two of the more colorful episode's associated with the mission to Kent concern events which supposedly occurred long before Augustine left for Britain. The anonymous Life of Gregory the Great is the first source to record how Gregory, before becoming pope, saw barbarians in Rome, and on being told that they were Angles said, "Angels of God." On hearing that their king was called Elli, he exclaimed, "Alleluia"; and when he learned that they came from Deira, he remarked, "fleeing from the wrath of God"-"de ira Dei."3 The author of the


This document holds the collection of national good practices with regards to the PSI framework for institutional embedding and enforcement. Please note that this deliverable was written on the basis of national (or even regional) examples provided by the LAPSI 2.0 partners and that this list is in no way intended to be exhaustive.


A upon excimer laser light irradiation in a self-aligned process, to prevent excessive temperature rise of the film constituting the thin film transistor. A form an excimer laser beam 16 diffusion preventing film 4 on the substrate 2 for transmitting, to form a gate electrode 6 and the gate insulating film 8 thereon, to form an oxide semiconductor layer 10 thereon the structure 14a which are, from the substrate 2 side by irradiating the excimer laser beam 16, using the gate electrode 6 as a mask, the oxide semiconductor layer 10, an excimer laser on both outer sides of the region of the region corresponding to the gate electrode 6 by irradiating light 16 performs low resistance, and the drain region 19 source region 18, and the other one of the said two outer regions. The diffusion preventing film 4, fluorinated silicon nitride film containing fluorine in the silicon nitride film (SiN: F) is constituted by. .The


It is common to perform feature selection for pattern recognition and image processing. However, most of conventional methods often convert the image matrix into a vector for feature selection, which fails to consider the spatial location of image. To address this issue, we propose a graph-based sparse matrix regression for feature selection on matrix. We incorporate a graph regularization term into the objective function of the sparse matrix regression model. The role of this graph structure is to make the matrix samples sharing the same labels keep close together in the transformed space. Extensive experimental results can demenstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.


Twenty three varieties of pea (Pisum satilium) were tested at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad for their resistance against powdery mildew disease. Seventeen varieties, mostly prevailing ones, were found to be highly susceptible. Among the varieties supplied by FAO, Groch Szesciolygodniany was susceptible; Groch Benjaminek and Groch cud kehredonu were moderately resistant; and Groch Laser was found to be resistant.


Text collections of data need not only search support for identical objects, but the approximate matching is even more important. A suitable metric to such task is the edit distance measure. However, its quadratic computational complexity prevents from applying naive storage organizations, such as the sequential search, and more sophisticated search structures must be used. We have investigated the properties of the D-index to approximate searching in text databases. The experiments confirm very good performance for retrieving close objects and sub-linear scalability to process large files.


Low-temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra of a series of permethylated oligosilanes SinMe2n+2 in their all-anti form permits the identification of Si7Me16 as the shortest chain capable of supporting a large-radius exciton in its relaxed lowest singlet excited state, while Si6Me14 and shorter chains only carry small-radius self-trapped excitons. The following approximate one-dimensional semiconductor characteristics are derived from the data: exciton band half-width, ∼3.0 eV; lattice relaxation energy, ∼1.8 eV; and exciton–phonon coupling constant in the infinite chain, ∼0.6. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 72: 361–367, 1999


Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an enzyme which is a target for a number of anticancer, antibacterial and antim alarial drugs. There are many unanswered ques tions concerning the interactions between DHFR and its ligands, for example why some specifically bind to bacterial DHFRs rather than mammalian species. In order to a ttem pt to answer these questions it is necessary to obtain structural informa tion about such complexes in solution. High resolution heteronuclear multidimen sional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to study the structure of the complex of Lactobacillus casei DHFR with the anti cancer drug, m ethotrexate. Isotopic labelling and ^^N) of the protein has been combined with the appro priate multidimensional method to provide the necessary spectral simplification to make assignments in the protein-ligand complex. Firstly the resonances according to residue type have been determined from -TOCSY and -COSY based techniques and secondly, NOESY-based experiments have provided the distance information which allows particular residues to be located within the protein molecules. As well as finding the global molecular folds of the protein, specific torsion angle informa tion has been reported. The la tter data is im portant in assessing the local geometry of each residue. Using the data from the above, structure calculations have been carried out using simulated annealing (molecular dynamics) techniques to generate a threedimensional structure of the protein-ligand complex, in solution.


Textured Zooming is a web-based artwork that explores the experience of texture on a 2D screen desktop environment, created as a response to a study that shows participants in a 3D online art gallery had difficulties in determining the materials of the artworks and wished they could zoom in to see the textures better. In this work, artefacts are only represented by the images of their textures. When the users point their mouse on a texture, the pointer will change into either a fingernail or a coin. They can zoom in and out using the mouse scroll button or the up and down keyboard keys. Whilst zooming, they can hear the sound each texture makes as it is scratched by a fingernail or a coin. The users can guess the materials of the textures on the quiz page. Thus far, people have been able to guess the materials correctly.


Description: Liquid with a pleasant odour, and a tendency to turn to a straw colour Boiling-point: 114–120 °C Melting-point: Decomposes at 213 °C Density: d 4 = 1.3218 at 20 °C Refractive index: n D = 1.4831 at 20 °C Solubility: Soluble in water, alcohol, diethyl ether and acetone There appears to be no general consensus on a common trivial name for this agent: α-chlorohydrin and 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol are equally used; however, a preference for 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol, and especially the abbreviation 3-MCPD, was noted in the more recent literature.


According to the variation pattern of the solar magnetic field polarity and its relation to the relative sunspot number, we established the time series of the sunspot magnetic field polarity index and analyzed the strength and polarity cycle characteristics of the solar magnetic field. The analysis showed the existence of a cycle with about a 22-year periodicity in the strength and polarity of the solar magnetic field, which proved the Hale proposition that the 11-year sunspot cycle is one-half of the 22-year solar magnetic cycle. By analyzing the atmospheric temperature field, we found that the troposphere and the stratosphere in the middle latitude of both the northern and southern hemispheres exhibited a common 22-year quasicycle in the atmospheric temperature, which is believed to be attributable to the 22-year solar magnetic cycle.


Diversity and abundance of ornamental cichlids of Lake Tanganyika was assessed in six habitats namely rocky, sandy, muddy, benthic, pelagic and surge water at Katonga fishing ground in Kigoma. Ornamental cichlids were collected using fishing net with a dimension of 10 m long x 1 m width and mesh size of 8 mm. eighteen species that are potential for export were observed and recorded. The highest diversity was recorded from sandy and rocky habitat (2.0) and the lowest in muddy habitat (0.0) respectively. Abundance of ornamental cichlids varied among habitats and species. Sandy habitat had the highest number (11) of ornamental cichlids predominated by Xenotilapia ochrogeny (30%) followed by Cyathofarynx fursifer (17.17%) and Benthochromis tricot (12.86%). Rocky habitat, had 10 species predominated by Tropheus kirschfleck (24.24%) followed by Goby cichlids (19.70%) and Tropheus brichardi (17.42%). On the other hand, muddy habitat was found to be monospecific in terms of ornamental fish species dominated by only one species, Cyathofarynx fursifer . It can be concluded that the highest diversity and abundance of ornamental cichlids was recorded from rocky and sandy habitats. It is recommended that further study should be conducted to determine factors which may influence abundance and distribution of ornamental fish in the lake. Keywords: Cichlids, Ornamental fish, Lake Tanganyika, Diversity


The best translation of a line is not necessarily that which is closer to the source language or culture. In this paper we approach four translation of a line by San Juan de la Cruz, included in Cantico Espiritual. We attempt to prove that the German translation respects not only the sense given by the poet but also the communicative effect that the line raises in the reader.


The United States government while spending billions to fight terrorism has so far failed to allocate significant sums to fight worldwide AIDS. What is needed is the type of bold leadership that President Bush has demonstrated on terrorism. President Bush should allocate at least $1 billion to worldwide AIDS prevention in his 2004 budget and should challenge other wealthy countries to contribute proportionate amounts. (excerpt)


An expert system was developed for equipment selection for various unit operations in open pit mining. For each unit operation, it considers a wide variety of equipment and ranks them based on their suitability. A major difference between this system and other published expert systems in the considered domain is that it incorporates the uncertainty that is an inherent characteristic of the factors affecting equipment selection. It also allows users to specify the site-specific relative importance of each of the governing factors. This makes the system relatively flexible and allows its adaptation to different mining conditions. The programming features of the expert system include uncertainty databases and object oriented programming. The expert system is validated with a case study (Malanjkhand Copper Mine, India).


Major principles, required conditions, objectives and stages of creating common electric power space (CEPS) in East Asia (EA) are determined. Effects of interconnecting electric power systems (EPSs) with different seasonal load maxima are considered. Prospective electricity demand and free volumes of electric power markets in EA countries are estimated. Export power projects in Siberia and Russian Far East (RFE) are analyzed.


Detection of long-term changes in climate variables over large spatial scales is a very important prerequisite to the development of effective mitigation and adaption measures for the future potential climate change and for developing strategies for future hydrologic balance analyses under changing climate. Moreover, there is a need for effective approaches of providing information about these changes to decision makers, water managers and stakeholders to aid in efficient implementation of the developed strategies. This study involves computation, mapping and analyses of long-term (19682013) county-specific trends in annual, growing-season (1 May30 Sept.) and monthly air temperatures [(maximum (Tmax), minimum (Tmin) and average (Tavg)], daily temperature range (DTR), precipitation, grass reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and aridity index (AI) over the USA Great Plains region using datasets from over 800 weather station sites. Positive trends in annual Tavg, Tmax and Tmin, DTR, precipitation, ETo and AI were observed in 71, 89, 85, 31, 61, 38 and 66% of the counties in the region, respectively, whereas these proportions were 48, 89, 62, 20, 57, 28, and 63%, respectively, for the growing-season averages of the same variables. On a regional average basis, the positive trends in growing-season Tavg, Tmax and Tmin, DTR, precipitation, ETo and AI were 0.18°C decade , 0.19°C decade , 0.17°C decade, 0.09°C decade, 1.12 mm yr, 0.4 mm yr and 0.02 decade, respectively, and the negative trends were 0.21°C decade, 0.06°C decade, 0.09°C decade, 0.22°C decade, 1.16 mm yr, 0.76 mm yr and 0.02 decade, respectively. The temporal trends were highly variable in space and were appropriately represented using monthly, annual and growing-season maps developed using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The long-term and spatial and temporal information and data for a large region provided in this study can be used to analyze county-level trends in important climatic/hydrologic variables in context of climate change, water resources, agricultural and natural resources response to climate change.


This study was designed to determine the occurrence of faecal cytotoxins in diarrhoeal stool samples. 229 faecal samples, submitted to the Servizio di Microbiologia del Policlinico di Modena, were examined; 3 A. hydrophila strains were isolated. None of the samples contained verocytotoxin-producing E.coli O157:H7 strain. Cytopathic effects on VERO cells were observed for A. hydrophila strains and for 64 of 229 stool samples. Cytopathic effect was neutralised by antiVT serum in 25 samples.