Literature review noted that donor funded projects and programs are sometimes referred to as International Development: ID projects. ID projects and programs are often being provided for the developing countries like an emerging, developing or least developed country. Such projects and programs are under public sector development specifically designed for economic and social needs of developing countries. These projects or programs are either implemented by recipient governments under a bilateral (or multilateral) agreement with the donor country or through an 'implementing partner' of the donor, frequently a non-governmental organization or professional contractor. The operating environment and culture of the host country also make ID projects different from traditional business projects and make traditional project management tools in the developed world less appropriate (Blunt and Jones, 1992). This sometimes provides big challenges to various project teams. The paper through a Case study approach evaluates an ID Chinese Government funding construction project and its pitfalls through qualitative research approach. Qualitative data was presented and discussed to provide an insight into major challenges in the implementation of ID project of such scale.


Standard models of multinational firms assume that firms are symmetric and that financing the costs of entering foreign markets is costless. Yet, recent literature stresses the importance of firm heterogeneity with regard to productivity. However, the underlying assumption that firms have unrestricted access to external finance might be an unjustified simplification as well. In this paper, we use a detailed micro-level dataset of German establishments in order to provide evidence on the interaction of differences in productivity across firms, financial constraints and patterns of internationalization. We particularly focus on the role of financial constraints for the entry of firms into foreign markets, both, via exports and FDI. We find that firms facing financial constraints in general are smaller, less productive, and have a lower propensity to invest abroad, but are more likely to export. Further, we observe that financial constraints shift the productivity cut-off level for selection into FDI upwards, as has been predicted by recent theory.


Two single-domain techniques for evaluating the output nonlinear distortion of active systems with multitone excitations are described as a means of circumventing the time-frequency transformations of standard harmonic balance methods. These two techniques are compared with respect to accuracy, computational efficiency, and flexibility for a band-pass active filter containing a saturation-type nonlinearity.


This paper describes a model for supporting scientific inquiry situated within a technological design context. This model was the basis for the design of several modules intended for use in high school science classrooms. A study of the classroom use of one module examined the degree to which the module allowed students to engage in the processes of inquiry. Results based on classroom observations, videotape analyses, and interviews with students and teachers, describe how students actively engaged in inquiry processes, including defining the problem they studied, exploring multiple approaches to solving the problem, and using data to justify the effectiveness of their designs.


We recently experienced a patient under prolonged dialysis in whom remarkable distension of the upper and lower jaws and palate occurred, causing dyslalia, dysphagia and change in complexion. Swelling of the parathyroid was observed at diagnostic imaging and diagnosed as renal osteodystrophy due to hyperparathyroidism, for which a surgical treatment was given and some tolerable results were obtained. However, it was considered, as an issue for the future, that none of the therapies now available constitutes a radical treatment without relying on parathyroidectomy and renal transplantation.


The object of development is a device for multi-channel monitoring of the El stream state. The subject of the development is the monitoring of the status of the channels and analysis of traffic in each time slot of the El stream. The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach that allows multi-channel monitoring of the El stream state.


Background The early diagnosis of autism in children is particularly important. However, there is no obvious objective indices for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in toddlers aged 1–3 years with language development delay (LDD). The early differential diagnosis of ASD is challenging. Objective To examine differences in the dynamic characteristics of regional neural activity in toddlers with ASD and LDD, and whether the differences can be used as an imaging biomarker for the early differential diagnosis of ASD and LDD. Methods Dynamic regional homogeneity (dReHo) and dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) in 55 children with ASD and 31 with LDD, aged 1–3 years, were compared. The correlations between ASD symptoms and the values of dReHo/dALFF within regions showing significant between-group differences were analyzed in ASD group. We further assessed the accuracy of dynamic regional neural activity alterations to distinguish ASD from LDD using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results Compared with the LDD group, the ASD group showed increased dReHo in the left cerebellum_8/Crust2 and right cerebellum_Crust2, and decreased dReHo in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and post-central gyrus. Patients with ASD also exhibited decreased dALFF in the right middle temporal gyrus (MFG) and right precuneus. Moreover, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale score was negatively correlated with the dReHo of the left cerebellum_8/crust2 and right cerebellum_crust2. The dReHo value of the right MFG was negatively correlated with social self-help of the Autism Behavior Checklist score. Conclusion The pattern of resting-state regional neural activity variability was different between toddlers with ASD and those with LDD. Dynamic regional indices might be novel neuroimaging biomarkers that allow differentiation of ASD from LDD in toddlers.


The present paper looks at the historical background of education in the universities. We take the developments in the use of instructional technology (instructional design, instructional media design, and process of the instructional design) into consideration and explore the tertiary level students' (studying at the Faculty of Communication and Media Studies at the Eastern Mediterranean University) reactions to learning from the traditional lectures and from the courses put on the web.


Given the crucial of geographical information system (GIS) in road network analysis and management within the society, this study offer hypothesis on the use of simple matrix to evaluation road network connectivity. The was carried out in Oriire local government area of Oyo state with the total area of about 2,116km2 and 206, 782 projected human populations. Multistage sampling was adopted to select seven (7) villages including the agricultural market (Tewure). Secondary method of data collection was used which incorporates, data acquisition, scanning and remote sensing. It was found out that maximum of these villages are connected with minimal of three (3) routes with Onigba connected via 5 (five) routes that's the most connected village unluckily, Onigba was not made the principal marketplace. Although the GIS result shows their connectivity however it was also revealed that maximum of the routes have seasonal accessibility. It was concluded that, the local government therefore ought to come to their aids.


The population of the developed countries is aging, thus the number of older people is increasing. At the same time the proportion of the diseases connected with the age is rising. When a person ages, his cognitive function fades away as well. Researchers have long noted that cognitive function of the elderly with defective hearing fades away faster than in normally hearing people. There are several theories explaining it, but this issue is still a matter of debate. Several researches were held recently regarding the impact of cochlear implantation on the level of cognitive function in the preoperative and postoperative periods. Controversial results were received which require further study of the issue. HI-MoCA and RBANS-H special test systems have been developed lately for the hearing impaired. These tests allow you to evaluate the change in cognitive function in people with hearing impairment, up to complete deafness. The tests are original MoCA and RBANS, but are adapted for people with hearing impairment. Thanks to these new instruments we will be studying the change of cognitive function in preoperative and postoperative periods which will allow us to evaluate the role of hearing in the decline in cognitive function of the elderly.


Abstract The effects of two common West African farm-made feeds on postprandial metabolism were assessed in adult Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by quantifying the oxygen consumption rates (MO2) and total ammonia-nitrogen (TAN) excretion over a 24-h period. Measurements followed the ingestion of a single meal of a fishmeal-based control diet and two diets containing 30% copra (CM) or palm kernel meal (PKM) inclusions by groups of 15 adult O. niloticus per tank. The mean net MO2 (postprandial oxygen consumption corrected for routine metabolic rate) during digestion for the different tilapia groups varied narrowly between 112.2 ± 9.9 and 129.9 ± 20.4 mg O2 kg−1 h−1 with the fish fed the CM diet recording a significantly lower (p = 0.04) net MO2 response relative to the other two diets. Net TAN excretion rates of the different dietary groups varied between 3.4 ± 1.4 and 4.4 ± 1.6 mg TAN kg−1 h−1. Under the standardized experimental conditions, copra and PKMs appeared to be promising candidates as partial replacements to fishmeal in tilapia diets as far as rates of oxygen consumption and ammonia-nitrogen excretion are concerned.


Two triphenylamine-based homopolymers PTPA-EP and PTPA-PO3Na2, comprising diethyl phosphonate and sodium phosphonate end groups on side chains, respectively, were synthesized. The UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) properties of the PTPA-EP and PTPA-PO3Na2 are mainly determined by the conjugated poly(triphenylamine) main chain. The PTPA-EP and PTPA-PO3Na2 possess comparable HOMO levels of around −5.03 eV. The PTPA-EP, with better solubility than PTPA-PO3Na2 in hydrophilic solvents, was utilized as cathode interlayer to construct efficient bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic cells with a low bandgap poly(2,7-carbazole) (PCDTBT) as the polymer donor and [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as the acceptor. The work function of ITO was shifted to −4.3 eV by PTPA-EP, which matches well with the LUMO level of PC71BM for good electron extraction. Inverted solar cells with a device configuration of ITO/PTPA-EP/active layer/MoO3/Al exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.59%, which is a good efficiency among inverted solar cells with an organic interlayer on an ITO cathode. The PCE shows a 79% increase in comparison to that of a bare ITO cathode, though the efficiency is lower than 5.13% for an inverted solar cell with an inorganic ZnO interlayer on ITO. Moreover, a conventional solar cell with a device configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/active layer/PTPA-EP/Al could show a better PCE of 5.27%. The results indicate that PTPA-EP is a promising new cathode interlayer for high efficiency inverted and conventional solar cells.


In late 2016 Deakin University's School of Communication and Creative Arts (SCCA) added the PhD by Prior Publications in the Creative Arts (Portfolio Creative Product plus Exegesis) to Deakin's existing complement of PhD by Publication offerings. Candidates from several Creative Arts disciplines, pre-eminently Creative Writing, have enrolled in the PhDPriorPubs. Commencements have included nationally and internationally based artists, including some current Deakin staff members. This article contextualizes the PhDPriorPubs' origins, describes its inner workings, and provides data on candidate enrolments, graduations and thesis outcomes as of November 2019. It also elaborates on the planning and thinking stages behind the degree's development, its relationship to the cognate Practice-Led Research methodology, and future prospects and threats. The present-day relevance of PhDs by prior publication is sometimes disputed. This article argues for the ongoing value of degrees like the PhDPriorPubs in pollinating 'PhD of the Future' debates and in advancing industry engagement and social justice outcomes in the doctoral degree (research).


The Bayer-sponsored satellite symposium brought together a range of experts in the field of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), including Professors Fred Saad, Joe O'Sullivan, Anders Bjartell, Wolfgang Loidl, and Manfred Wirth. This distinguished faculty came together to discuss the changing paradigm and therapeutic options available in the management of mCRPC, offering the opportunity for interactive audience participation to discuss the current treatment landscape.


Demons have the power to cause temptations in us, and Christian materialism implies the supervenience of temptations on brain states. This in turn implies that demons bring about temptations by causally interfering with our brains. But if they have such an ability to affect the physical world, it is mysterious why they do not wreak more havoc than they do both to our brains and in the world more generally. Substance dualism provides an elegant solution: demonic temptation is not a species of soul-to-brain causation, but soul-to-soul, and we don't need to suppose demons have the power to directly affect the physical world. Materialist solutions, in contrast, are ad hoc. 1. Nancey Murphy, Bodies and Souls, or Spirited Bodies? (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006); Peter van Inwagen, Material Beings (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1990); and Hud Hudson, A Materialist Metaphysics of the Human Person (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001) are notable instances. 2. Richard Swinburne, The Evolution of the Soul, rev. ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997); Mind, Brain, and Free Will (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013); and J. P. Moreland, The Soul (Chicago: Moody, 2014) are recent defenses. See also R. Keith Loftin and Joshua R. Farris, eds., Christian Physicalism? Philosophical Theological Criticisms (Lanham: Lexington Books, 2018). 3. Cf. Jaegwon Kim, Mind in a Physical World (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1998), 9. 482 PHILOSOPHIA CHRISTI to above the speed of light, but no nomologically possible worlds—worlds at which the actual laws of nature hold—at which this is so.4 Now, some Christian materialists might wish the relationship between the supervening and subvening properties to be stronger than the merely nomological. If the Christian materialist is a type-identity physicalist, for example, then he will say it is impossible by the necessity of identity for an instance of a certain type of brain state to be anything other than an instance of a pain state. But such a materialist will, precisely because they hold to the stronger claim, hold to the weaker one: if there are no metaphysically possible worlds at which the physical property obtains without the mental property obtaining, then a fortiori there are no nomologically possible worlds at which that is so. So, (N) remains a good candidate for being necessary for materialism (even plausible variation of materialist doctrine. And substance dualism? We can take the central contention of substance dualism to be this: (SD) Human persons are substances capable of existing independently from the body and from any part thereof, and our mental lives (thoughts, feelings, and so forth) are instantiated in these substances. Moreover, given that the substances we are (if (SD) is true) are not readily discoverable via routine medical investigation of our bodies and brains, then it appears we are immaterial substances, or souls.5 I do not wish to commit myself to any detailed account of the soul, though I take it that the soul, even if substantively simple (not composed of more fundamental substances), is nevertheless structured by various faculties (the sensory modalities, the capacity for thought, the capacity for emotion, and so on), which one might consider to be modes of the soul.6 But, relevant to my purposes, I will take the Christian substance dualist to be committed to at least the following. That we, qua immaterial substances, occupy the spiritual realm, and that demons, immaterial occupants of the spiritual realm themselves, perceive us as presences there, and causally interact with our souls at the spiritual level. This, I shall assume, is how demonic temptation takes place on the substance-dualist picture. Christian materialists, on the other hand, must understand demonic temptation as involving demons causally interacting with the brain—or so I shall argue. proposed (N) merely as a necessary condition for materialism, and for a substance dualist to hold to (N) looks like an unmotivated move. At any rate, I 4. Or so current science leads us to believe. 5. I don't intend this to rule out the soul possessing some physical properties, such as spatial location and extension. 6. See Moreland, The Soul, 137–41, for a discussion of the soul's faculties.


The aim of this work is to prepare five samples of Polymer Bonded Explosives (PBXs) with various percent of Isoprene Rubber (IR) and Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) (RDX /IR), based on Sulfur Vulcanization process, and applying them on warheads as insensitive explosive. Density, sensitivity to impact, and ignition temperature have been tested. Mixer water path which used for the manufacturing of plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) (capacity 5 L), Filling was made by casting methods, Filling in C-8 rocket warhead. The killing range of the C-8 (IR-RDX) was 18 meters.


The invention belongs to the field of a machining class and particularly relates to a method for measuring the roundness of a connecting rod neck of a bent shaft during following grinding. The method comprises the following steps of: installing a connecting rod 1 on the center line of a grinding wheel, wherein the connecting rod 1 can freely rotate; enabling the other end of the connecting rod 1 to be connected with a connecting rod 2 through a connecting pin; installing a V-shaped fork on the head part of the connecting rod 2; installing a length gauge on the V-shaped fork to measure the roundness of the connecting rod neck; and enabling the center line of the grinding wheel, the connecting pin and the center line of the connecting rod neck to be parallel. In the invention, the V-shaped fork is closely attached to the connecting rod neck and moves up and down with the connecting rod neck along the grinding wheel during measurement, the connecting rod 1 swings with the connecting rod neck, because the connecting rod 1 and the connecting rod neck both swing by taking the grinding wheel as a center, an included angle positioned between the connecting rod 1 and the connecting rod 2 is unchanged, and only the connecting rod 1 swings with the connecting rod neck so that the pressure acting on the connecting rod and enabling the V-shaped fork to be closely attached to the surface of the connecting rod neck is reduced, thus error values measured at every angle relative to the connecting rod are the error values of the angles of grinding points of the connecting rod neck. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable transmission and low failure rate.


Background: In contemporary health and social care services and systems, there is a critical need for nursing care that is agile in its delivery, integrated across sectors, responsive to complex need, and focused on prevention, self-care and wellbeing. Community nurses are at the centre of these services, working in and across a variety of complex systems that depend on the expertise they bring to individuals, communities and populations. However, ensuring this capability is brought to the forefront of quality frameworks is a challenge as care practices are often reduced to moments of interaction or intervention that are tangible and objectively measured. We know, though, that community nurses bring vital and wide-ranging expertise to the health of populations. The Queen's Nursing Institute Scotland has re-established the Queen's Nurse Development Programme to address these contemporary agendas and ensure the potential of expert community nursing is demonstrated and recognised. Aim: To engage in a participatory evaluation of the experience of the nine-month development journey of the 2019 Queen's Nurse Development Programme participants. Methods: A Collaborative Critical Creative Inquiry (CCCI) methodology was used, operationalised through a five-phase inquiry process, informed by Theory U 'presencing 'and its five movements for attending to and co-shaping reality to achieve presencing. Our embedded and embodied data-collection methods drew specifically on participants 'creative expressions, reflective diaries and journals, and project notes. Findings: The results of each phase of inquiry informed subsequent phases, culminating in a final phase (synthesis) where key themes representing the findings from all phases were derived. These themes were self-growth, community and practical impacts. Conclusion and implications for practice: The importance of slowing and stillness, linked to the spaces created for creative reflective learning and development has been significant in this programme. Being present to listen to self, and engage in self-care and self-growth is something the programme provides and that is highly valued. We would argue that if health systems are serious about the transformation of services and people, then these kinds of programmes are critical to success.


The present invention relates to a window regulator assembly for adjusting a window pane in which a guide rail (1, 1 *) to a support member about a pivot axis (S) is pivotably mounted to the guide rail (1, 1 *) from a mounting position into a function position , in which the guide rail (1, 1 *) fixed at a mounting of the window regulator assembly to be able to pivot. According to the invention it is provided that - at least one deflector element (4.1, 4.2) in the mounting position of the guide rail (1, 1 *) to the guide rail (1, 1 *) is set spaced and - one with the window pane to be connected to the slider (2) is configured and in the mounting position of the guide rail (1, 1 *) is positioned in this, that a force engagement point (K) of the traction means (3) on the slider (2) between the pivot axis (S) and a deflection element (4.1), and the guide rail (1, 1 *) by actuation of the drive means (5) can be pivoted into its functional position. Further, a method of mounting a window regulator assembly is proposed, in which a guide rail (1, 1 *) by operating a drive means (5) from a mounting position in an intended function is pivoted position.


By legend, the only vulnerable part of his body remained the Achilles tendon by which she held him, and where he was later killed after being struck there by an arrow. Ironically direct contact injuries to the Achilles tendon in humans are quite rare. Most Achilles injuries - whether ruptures or tendinopathies - occur due to the intrinsic load of accelerating the weight of the body. And, when comparing real-world patients to the warrior Achilles (who was immune from injury elsewhere), clinicians are painfully aware that whatever pathologies cause Achilles pain are also able to affect tendons throughout the body.


Abstract This article suggests ways that Web 2.0 tools can help revive the grassroots democratic imperative of LGBTQ oral history in particular and LGBTQ archives in general by creating paths that allow users to overcome myriad barriers experienced when trying to access resources on university campuses and that facilitate community engagement. Open-access and digital environments encourage collaborative knowledge construction across time and space; thus the digital humanities provide a democratic platform that supports oral history's antihierarchical and anti-elitist imperatives. One of the major concerns expressed about the current shift of LGBTQ materials from community-based archives to institutional libraries, archives, and special collections is that collections will no longer be shaped by LGBTQ praxis. This article proposes a way to use Web 2.0 affordances to facilitate and encourage robust and ongoing community involvement that will strengthen the connection between archives users and archives managers and will help shape the archives themselves.


Study design: Test–retest reliability using a repeated measures design. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the test–retest reliability of measurement of onsets of electromyographic (EMG) activity of vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) during a stair stepping task. Background: Differences in the timing of onset of VMO and VL have been hypothesized to contribute to patellofemoral pain syndrome. However, no studies have investigated the reliability of the EMG onset of VL and VMO using a direct measure of EMG onset timing. Methods and measures: Ten asymptomatic subjects were assessed by the same examiner on two occasions one week apart. The relative difference in the timing of onset of EMG activity of VMO and VL was quantified by subtracting VMO EMG onset from that of VL. Results: The difference in EMG onsets during the concentric task (step up) had an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0·91 with a standard error of measurement of 6·20 ms (95% CL 12·20 ms). The difference in EMG onsets during the eccentric task (step down) had an ICC of 0·96 with a standard error of measurement of 5·90 ms (95% CL 11·56 ms). Conclusions: The results indicate that in a normal population a difference of greater than 12·20 ms in the concentric and 11·56 ms in the eccentric phase of stair stepping would be required to demonstrate a significant difference in EMG onsets of VMO and VL between groups. Further research is required to determine the degree of measurement error in a population with specific pathologies.


Lifetimes of the first 4+ and 6+ states in 104Mo and 106Mo have been measured using the recoil distance method following spontaneous fission of 252Cf. Reduced transition probabilities in the ground state band of 104Mo are compared with predictions of the critical point symmetry X(5). While known level energies of 104Mo are in good agreement with the X(5) predictions, the analysis of the measured B(E2) values favor a rotor interpretation.


This paper reports the synthesis of a new reagent 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(2-paradiazine)-triazene (NPPT) and its color reaction with zinc(Ⅱ).In the presence of the surfactant Triton X-100 and in the medium KCl,H3BO3-NaOH of pH 8.8,the reagent reacts with znic(Ⅱ) to form 4∶1 yellow-brown complex.The maximum absorption wavelength is at 465 nm.The molar absorptivity is 3.15×104L·mol-1·cm-1.Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0—0.56μg/10 mL of zinc(Ⅱ).The method has been applied to the determination of trace amount of znic(Ⅱ) in zinc gluconate oral solution.The results obtained by this method are consistent with those obtained by AAS.


Companies mention a lot of difficulty in finding industrial design professionals capable of knowing how to carry out the complete process of designing physical products, which naturally implies physical prototyping and not just the creation of virtual 3D models. Currently, there are many higher education courses in industrial design that do not value or promote in their curricula the skills to make physical models or prototypes, in many cases, students and professors are satisfied with a graphic image of a digital 3D model as result, which is a huge mistake for who is teaching and learning to make three-dimensional and physical objects. This fact is due to the disinvestment of design schools in workshops equipped with manual and digital manufacturing tool, the need for large investments in equipment also implies associated costs of maintenance and technical support. In this context, schools choose to invest in computers and CAD software which, although are fundamental equipment in carrying out an industrial design project and an important step in the prototyping process itself. How can we improve the teaching process in industrial design project so that students can idealize, develop, and prototype physical products with high quality standards? The Industrial Design Project 2 class wants that students develop an inspirational connection with the best international references in industrial design. Interior lighting is one of the areas where we can find companies with a design driven identity. In this scenario, students are challenged to design a table lamp for indoor spaces for one of these brands, using a technical kit consisting of an LED strip, simulating a collaboration between designer, producer, and editor. To carry out this project and to find answers to the question posed, a method consisting of four phases was applied: project preparation; research and definition of the theme; concept development; and final model. Each of these phases is made up of tasks that, when carried out, provide outputs that allow the project to advance to the next phase. The results obtained were prototypes of high aesthetic, technical and functional quality and with low-cost materialization values easily supported by the students. Yes, it is possible to idealize, design and prototype high quality physical products, providing students with personal and professional fulfilment and increasing their technical and research skills, as well as the ability to know how to relate digital and analogue tools.


It is well established that conservatives in the United States are substantially less likely than liberals to accept that climate change is happening and is human caused and are less supportive of policies to limit climate change. However, it is likely that ideological differences in climate change beliefs, attitudes, and policy preferences are smaller when people have close friends and family members who care about climate change. Here, we use nine nationally representative survey samples (total N = 16,168) to evaluate this claim and test if perceived social consensus predicts a smaller difference in climate change beliefs between liberals and conservatives. We find that social consensus plays an important role in climate change beliefs, attitudes, and policy preferences for people across the ideological spectrum, but especially among conservatives. These findings provide important insights on how to bridge ideological divides in large social dilemmas such as climate change.


This paper documents net entrapments of baleen whales in the inshore waters of Newfoundland and Labrador. The species involved are principally minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Finback whales (Balaenoptera physalus) are also caught in nets but far less frequently. The timing of these entrapments corresponds with the spawning season for capelin (Mallotus villosus) on the beaches around the province. The magnitude and implications of this problem, both to the whales and the fisherman, are assessed. Key words: baleen whales, net entrapments, mortality assessment, capelin, Balaenoptera acutorostrata, B. physalus, Megaptera novaeangliae


Review by Martine Horvath This book draws upon current research, surrounding children's sensory play. It will help practitioners and parents to feel more comfortable with the necessary 'mess' this type of play sometimes creates, but more importantly it will facilitate a wide variety of sensory play experiences for children that are highly motivating, pleasurable, exciting, stimulating and calming. This book is just the beginning, a taster of the sensory-rich play available for children to learn from. The super 'play snapshot' realistic case study type examples that practitioners will recognise and resonate with are particularly helpful and link with EYFS development matters points or early learning goals. As Carla Hannaford (1995) said: 'The richer our sensory experiences, the more intricate will be the patterns for learning, thought and creativity.' North – the greatest animal journey on earth by Nick Dawson (ISBN: 9781844287758). £12.99 each. Paperback. Published by Walker Books. www. walkerbooks.co.uk


The 1/f noise of 10 different ungated 2DEG structures based on InP substrates with InGaAs channels was investigated in the frequency range from 0.4 Hz to 100 kHz at temperatures between 80 K and 320 K. In spite of various channel designs (with mobilities between 6470 cm2/Vs and 11800 cm2/Vs), a clear dependence of the total Hooge parameter on the channel mobility was found. From samples with undoped channels the correlation αH tot∼μtot−2.6 was obtained at room temperature. The lowest Hooge parameter αH tot≈1.5⋅10−5 was observed for the samples having the highest mobilities and is attributed to two-dimensional phonon scattering processes. This value agrees quite well with the parameter proposed by Handel's theory for umklapp processes. In contrast to this, the Hooge parameter of a sample with channel doping was found to be much smaller due to the presence of impurity scattering. Temperature dependent noise measurements revealed a significant dependence of αH tot on various scattering mechanisms. Considerin...


The invention relates to a device for torque limitation, with a head part which has a rotary engagement means for a setting tool, a threaded part which has at least one thread, and means for torque transmission from the head part to the thread part, which connect the head part and the threaded part, said means break for torque transmission in a limiting torque by canceling the connection between the head part and the threaded part. The invention is characterized in that means for rotationally decoupled transmission of axial forces are provided by the head portion to the threaded portion.


Jiangyin bridge has been experiencing double tests of heavy traffic and large traffic since it has been in service in 1999.The main steel box girder impacted directly by the traffic load was easy to suffer fatigue damage.The most direct response of the main steel box girder under the vehicle loads was the internal strain in the structure.The dynamic structural response under the loads could be mastered by strain monitoring.In this paper,the fiber Bragg grating sensor technology was used to monitor the structural strain of the key parts.The stress and strain of the key section of the main bridge and the links were examined,and the security assessment of steel box girder was conducted based on the measured strain data of the main structure.


. Given δ , 0 < δ < 1, a Blaschke sequence σ = { λ j } is constructed such that every function f ∈ H ∞ satisfying δ < δ f = inf λ ∈ σ | f ( λ ) | ≤ (cid:4) f (cid:4) ∞ ≤ 1 is invertible in the trace algebra H ∞ | σ (with a norm estimate of the inverse depending on δ f only), but there exists f with δ = δ f ≤ (cid:4) f (cid:4) ∞ ≤ 1 that is not. As an application, a counterexample to a stronger form of the Bourgain–Tzafriri restricted invertibility conjecture for bounded operators is exhibited, where an "orthogonal (or unconditional) basis" is replaced by a "summation block orthogonal basis".


Aiming at the problems of low recognition rate and poor efficiency in traditional manual visual inspection of PCB apparent defects, an effective automatic recognition approach is proposed in this paper. The approach firstly obtains the apparent defect region image based on template matching defect detection algorithm. And then, the features of the apparent defect region image are extracted by combining the gray histogram features and the geometric features. Finally, this paper uses the optimized Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for automatic recognition and classification. The simulation results show that the method proposed for PCB's apparent defect in this paper can reach more than 96% recognition rate, which is an effective and feasible automatic recognition method.


Distributed Generation (DG) generates electricity from many small distributed energy sources or even customer's small power plants. It always comes up with the terminal customer power quality management and the technology of energy cascade utilization. DG has lots of characteristics such as one single point of access, being power and being load, two operating mode in a grid or as an island, a great deal of application of power electronic devices, easily influenced by natural environmental factors etc. DG has impacts to the original grid in terms of the grid structure, the direction of power flow, the fault current level when a fault happens, etc and subsequently the relay protection mechanism must be looked into. This paper analyses the impact of accessing the DG on the distributed grid in three cases which are the DG accessing to the end of the distributed feeders, to the middle, and the DG accessing to lines, on relay protections. At the end of the paper it also comes up with improvements in detail. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i6.2674


The global positioning system (GPS) is an accurate positioning system. However, in the presence of obstructions or under indoor environment, the low availability of the GPS makes positioning impossible at times. The UWB positioning system, dubbed as the natural way for multipath mitigation, could perform well for indoor positioning. However, as range measurements are never perfect, the accuracy of the UWB positioning also relies heavily on the geometry of the transmitters placed in the building. The proposed GPS-UWB positioning could provide better positioning accuracy under such circumstances as compared to the UWB system. In addition, the convergence on the position estimation is less sensitive to the initial guess of the user position.


Background: COVID-19 pandemic has caused limitations, in patients' accessibility in clinical and research settings. We sought whether telenutrition could be applied interchangeably with face-to-face interview for dietary intake assessment by 24-hour recall in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Sixty-eight females with T2DM aged 50-55 years were enrolled randomly in a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. The patients completed three consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. The first one was a face-to-face interview, and the subsequent two recalls were conducted by telephone call. The total energy and 18 selected nutrients intake were calculated for the three interviews. Results: The mean (±SD) age of participants was 53.97±2.14 years. The face-to-face interview resulted in significantly higher total energy and 18 selected nutrients intake than the two telenutrition interviews (P value range: 0.031 - 0.001). No significant differences were found between the data provided from the two telenutrition interviews. Conclusion: Telenutrition underreports and underestimates the total energy and nutrient intakes compared with the face-to-face interview in the 24-hour dietary recall. Therefore, it cannot be recommended to be applied interchangeably with a face-to-face interview for dietary intake assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in patients whose nutrition assessment is of clinical importance. A combination of the two methods using new communication applications (e.g. WhatsApp) may cover the defects of telenutrition method.


The initial sticking in the 2p/sub m/ states of muonic helium in muon-catalyzed fusion (..mu..CF) and the subsequent collisional excitation to these states are shown to have nonstatistical dependences on m that result in spatial anisotropy of the emitted x rays. This anisotropy, I(0/sup 0/)/I(90/sup 0/), is found to be 0.71 for d-d ..mu..CF and 1.12 for d-t ..mu..CF in liquid targets, where the angle is between the coincidentally detected x ray and neutron. The effect is predicted to increase the actual K..cap alpha.. x-ray yield and corresponding sticking observed in a recent d-t ..mu..CF experiment by 4%. The Doppler broadening of the radiation observed at different angles is also examined.


Modeling the world oil market became a widespread concern after the Arab oil embargo of 1973-74 and the resulting four-fold increase in the price of crude oil. By the late seventies, when the Energy Modeling Forum began its study of world oil models, at least thirty publicly available models were in existence. The pace of development of new models has slowed somewhat in the eighties, a result of reduced funding for energy studies and probably a better appreciation within the modeling community of the difficulties inherent in the activity.


Background: Medical errors continue to plague the healthcare industry. The annual rates of morbidity are approximately 2.69 million (AHRQ, 2019), while mortality rates exceed 400,000 per annum (Makary & Daniel, 2016). There may be no panacea to combat these egregious rates. However, simulation of patient care events may better prepare healthcare professionals to prevent medical errors as it has been proven to be an effective learning strategy (Kirkham, 2018), enhancing skills while gaining experiential knowledge, without risk to actual patients. Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain a better understanding of factors that impede or foster the frequent utilization of simulation as a modality to rehearse patient care activities for healthcare professionals, and to better identify processes that could reduce medical errors across the continuum. Aim 1: Describe the demographics of the study population: Current profession, area of specialty, time in profession, time in current role, education level, age of the participant, gender of the participant, and operational setting. Aim 2: Explore and identify barriers to the frequent practice of healthcare simulation. Aim 3: Identify processes that can lead to the reduction of errors in the healthcare industry. Methods: This was a hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative study that also used descriptive statistics to gain a better understanding of the subjects and their responses to the solicited survey. Findings: The barriers of time, space, access, and cost continue to pose impediments to iterative rehearsal. These factors were compounded by the paucity of qualified facilitators & support personnel in this modality; all exacerbated by the pandemic. A need for diversity in SBLE to reflect patient population was also identified. According to the participants, the value of simulation is realized through relevant and iterative SBLE. To enhance confidence and competence, participants overwhelmingly indicated the need for monthly rehearsal of patient care events. Leadership buy-in was identified as key to program success. Implications: By employing regular practice of simulated patient care events, positive patient outcomes can be realized, as the healthcare provider's clinical acumen is exercised and further developed.


DNS stands for 'Domain Name System' and uses IP addresses to identify devices connected to the network on the network. IP is a protocol that registers and manages aliases such as IPs because it is difficult for general users to remember. In recent years, the abuse of such DNS is increasing abroad, and behind the scenes, called 'DNS pionage,' are developing and evolving new rules and malware. DNSpionage attack is abusing DNS system such as Increasing hacking success rate, leading to fake sites, changing or forged data. As a result it is increasing the damage cases. As the global DNS system is expanding to the extent that it is out of control. Therefore, in this research, the countermeasures of DNSpionage attack is proposed to contribute to build a secure and efficient DNS system.


This paper reviews risk-based approaches to assessing the risk acceptability and cost-effectiveness of protective measures for infrastructure. The paper describes three risk acceptance criteria based on fatality risks, failure probabilities and net benefit assessment. These criteria can be applied to any item of infrastructure such as buildings, bridges, dams, offshore platforms, etc. and also applies to any man-made or natural hazard such as earthquakes, cyclones, terrorism, floods and so on. The decision support framework accompanying these risk acceptance criteria considers hazard and threat probabilities, value of human life, physical and indirect damages, risk reduction and protective measure costs. This has specific utility for the safety and economical design and assessment of new and existing protective structures against shock and impact loading. Risk assessments are conducted for a bridge over an inland waterway where the hazard is ship impact and a building subject to terrorist attack. The illustrative examples showed under what combination of risk reduction, and fatality and damage costs the fatality and failure risks would be acceptable, and when protective measures would be cost-effective.


Based on the investigation of nitrate pollution of groundwater of the Guanzhong Basin and sample analysis, the distribution, degree and causes of nitrate pollution are analyzed in detail. Nitrate pollution is classified into three types, i.e. agricultural pollution, urban pollution, and alkalization pollution. From the angle of water environment protection, some countermeasures for pollution prevention and control are proposed.


Thorough analysis of the Us vs. Up principal Hugoniot data for liquid CCl4 shows that our values along with all the data reported by other groups except the low pressure results of Dick can be described by the single smooth function proposed by Woolfolk et al. with the following coefficients: Us/C0=(2.08±0.07)+(1.34±0.04)Up/C0−(1.08±0.07)exp((−1.2±0.2)Up/C0). This satisfies the boundary condition Us=C0=926 m/s at Up=0 and gives the same asymptotic linear relationship as the best-fit expression reported by Dick at shock pressures above ∼16 GPa. On-Hugoniot temperatures calculated using the EOS of Cowperthwaite and Shaw and the revised Us vs. Up are in good agreement with the results of our infrared (IR) measurements and reported optical pyrometry data. The maximum discrepancy does not exceed 5% in the 3.3 to 7 GPa and 10 to 15 GPa shock pressure ranges and is less than 10% for other pressures below 20 GPa. Within the accuracy of our data, the behavior of single-shocked CCl4 does not contradict to the predi...


Beales argues,1 in response to our paper,2 that trialists should bear responsibility for trials with inappropriate comparators. We agree that trialists should share this responsibility. But about half a million randomised trials have been conducted in medicine to date, involving millions of investigators. These researchers will undoubtedly have heterogeneous skills and conflicts of interest.

Some researchers may lack the key competences to be aware of their ethical breaches. For example, some investigators may be unaware of the need to conduct a systematic review before a trial starts or may regard it as a low priority or may conduct a poor …


The reaction of [WCl 4 (PMe 2 Ph) 3 ] with C 6 H 4 (SH) 2 -1,2 in toluene gives dark brown [W(C 6 H 4 S 2 -1,2) 2 (PMe 2 Ph) 2 ], which on standing in solution gives deep green [PHMe 2 Ph][W(C 6 H 4 S 2 -1,2)3]. The X-ray structure of [PHMe 2 Ph][W(C 6 H 4 S 2 -1,2)3] shows the tungsten to be coordinated by three (C 6 H 4 S 2 -1,2) 2- ligands with an average W-S distance of 2.386 (6) A in a geometry which is halfway between octahedral and trigonal prismatic


This book aims to show professional programmers how object-oriented software construction works and why many are calling it the programming paradigm of the future. The book describes the differences between procedural and object-oriented programming approaches. Then the book provides a comprehensive overview of what objects are, how they are defined, and ways the object-oriented method can be implemented for data abstraction. Throughout the book, detailed examples are provided to illustrate key object-oriented programming techniques using conventional languages or pseudocode and contrasted to the object-oriented smalltalk language.


Aiming at the defects of L.E.Bussey's Method having to solve high degree equation and Charge Against Method having Errors for calculating unconventional rate of return,this paper presents a more practical method which can avoid the defects of above two methods.Moreover,this method is verified by an example.


TeGeSnAu thin films were studied for phase change type rewritable optical disk material. Addition of Au to TeGeSn thin film shortened crystallization time. The crystallization time of Te60Ge4Sn11Au25 thin film was about 0.3 µs and was less than one 100th of that of Te80Ge5Sn15 thin film. Formation of a simple cubic structure with no atomic diffusions had caused the fast crystallization. The obtained optical disks showed high recording/erasing sensitivity, cyclability and thermal stability. The TeGeSnAu alloys will be applicable to rewritable optical disks with high data transmission rates.


Children are not just little adults. Children understand the world differently and have "rules" for the way their world is supposed to work. It can be very difficult for an adult to make sense of a traumatic event; it can be nearly impossible for...


In the current thesis, the case of study is that of the digital audio processing with the use of data acquisition systems. The different types of data acquisition systems, the communication busses and the connectivity settings that comes with it are firstly being explained. An introduction to the main concepts of signal and audio theory then follows, in addition to a thorough analysis of the analog to digital and digital to analog conversion procedures. Following to the above is an application focusing on the use of digital filtering on the input signal giving the ability to the end user to control the audio output.


ABSTRACT In this opinion piece we problematise foreign language (FL) learning curricula which are rigidly based on carefully sequenced input and constrained learning opportunities. Whilst an important component in language learning, language knowledge constitutes more than phonics vocabulary and grammar. Our stance is premised on the understanding that, whether novice or expert, an FL learner is not a 'tabula rasa'. In other words, every learner will have existing linguistic, social and cultural knowledge and skills, as well as cognitive and developing metacognitive resources which have the potential to both support and frustrate the language learning process. This, in turn, problematises a structured approach to teaching and learning which rests on carefully sequenced input, constrained learning opportunities and minimal exposure to unfamiliar language. We propose that FL curricula should be centred around opportunities to actively communicate in the language, supported by rich and plentiful input. We suggest that, to foster emotional engagement and intrinsic motivation, young FL learners should engage with cultural artefacts and authentic content in the target language. In addition, learning activities which offer both challenge and enough scaffolding to experience success are likely to support self-efficacy which is linked to motivation.


Marx's consumer economic theory is mainly reflected in the Critique of Political Economy Introduction,in Marx is mainly through the consumption and production of dialectical relationship between discourse analysis summarized out their consumption of economic theory,these theories to accelerate the China's socialist market economy,socialist economy with Chinese characteristics and study problems in China have theoretical significance.


In the Netherlands, 81% of mothers initiate breastfeeding. After one month the percentage of mothers still breastfeeding drops, despite positive intentions. Little is known about women's perceptions of breastfeeding during the period of intention. This qualitative study aimed to gain insight into these perceptions among first-time mothers from middle and high socioeconomic backgrounds in the northern part of the Netherlands. We used the theory of planned behaviour as the deductive model. In 2008, 16 in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 mothers who intended to breastfeed. The interviews were conducted at two time points (prepartum and postpartum) and covered the same period (that is, from the time when the intention was formed until after childbirth). The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using grounded theory. Five inductive themes were identified: combining breastfeeding with work, learning about breastfeeding, making arrangements for childbirth, reflecting on the intention, and becoming a mother. During the extended period of intention, the women anticipated breastfeeding, but were cautious in expressing their intentions. They felt that the experience of becoming a mother would be critical to their breastfeeding outcomes.


Previous work in this laboratory (C. E. GUTHROW, L. B. JOHNSON, and K. R. LAWLESS, J Dent Res 46:1372-1381, 1967) has shown that anodic dissolution of tin from the Sn-Hg (Y2) phase of dental amalgam is responsible for destructive corrosion (pitting) and eventual weakening of the restoration. More recently it has been shown (L. B. JOHNSON, JR., J Biomed Mat Res 4:269-274, 1970; L. B. JOHNSON, JR., J Biomed Mat Res, in press) that the -y2 phase was not present when the amalgams were prepared from Ag-Sn alloys containing from 0 to about 18 atomic % Sn. Until recently, amalgams prepared from alloys with 24 atomic % Sn contained relatively large amounts of 2 and were susceptible to destructive corrosion. A series of potentiostatic corrosion studies were carried out in Ringer's solution at room temperature on amalgam specimens prepared by "hot pressing" at 100 C and 40,000 psi triturated mixtures of Hg and Ag-Sn alloy powders containing 24 atomic % Sn. Results are also presented for a conventional dental amalgam. The results are shown in Figures 1 and 2. X-ray diffraction showed that the amalgam made from the 24% alloy was y Ag-Sn-Hg. The hot-pressed specimens exhibited no appreciable net anodic dissolution below +0.1 V, whereas the conventional dental amalgam began to dissolve appreciably at -0.25 V. These results give further evidence that de-


First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, helping researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Zhang Li is first author on ' A kidney resident macrophage subset is a candidate biomarker for renal cystic disease in preclinical models', published in DMM. Zhang is a postdoc in the lab of Bradley Yoder at University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, investigating the roles of renal macrophages and kidney injury in the pathology of cystic kidney diseases.


The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring and analyzing the fast road travel time reliability. The system consists of a traffic data detection and monitoring subsystem, a communication subsystem, a travel time reliability monitoring subsystem, a traffic management information collection subsystem and a travel time reliability application subsystem. The traffic data detection and monitoring subsystem is connected to the travel time reliability monitoring subsystem through the first communication subsystem; and the travel time reliability monitoring subsystem is connected to the travel time reliability application subsystem through the second communication subsystem and the traffic management information collection subsystem. The invention provides traffic parameters to the road network planning design and the traffic management scheme optimization. The invention improves the traffic operation efficiency and travel reliability, reduces the travel cost, improves the urban traffic management level, and generates huge economic benefit and social benefit.


The fold/unfold framework of BurstaU and Darlington is a very powerful framework for transforming function definitions in the form of recursion equation schemes. This may be used to transform a function so as to improve the efficiency of its implementation. However, for this to work the user must supply so-called Eureka definitions and it may require some ingenuity to construct these. This paper shows that a class of these Eureka definitions can be derived in a rather systematic way.


The compressor test should be conducted to evaluate performance and test the quality after repairing during the maintaining period of air-conditioned railway coach.With the application of serial communication technology in data acquisition and data analysis,the compressor testing system based on PC for the train air conditioning was developed with VB.The system has been put in use and the efficiency of work has been improved greatly.


The aim of our research was to synthesize and apply chemicals that can control both the electrochemical and microbiological corrosion. In order to achieve this result Nhydroxymethylated amino acids were synthesized and used as corrosion inhibitors and as biocides. With weight loss tests and linear polarisation experiments were proven their efficiency as corrosion inhibitors. The biocide activity was measured in microbiological experiments. It was important to learn whether these molecules can control the growth both of the planktonic as well as of the biofilm-embedded microbes, too. With different calculations correlation was found between the molecular structure and their efficiency.


Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis has change because of recognition that joint damage occurs early in the course of disease, that long disease duration lessens the probability of response to treatment and difficulties to define indi vidual patterns of risk. Therefore, any individual with active disease should be treated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) as soon as possible. The goal is to achieve remission of disease or a state of minimum inflammatory activity. DMARDs are slow acting drugs that prevent or slow progression of structural damage. There are not many clinical trials comparing safety and efficacy of DMARDs among them, and cost/effectiveness studies are also rare. Non-biologic DMARDs modulate immune response thorough a wide range of action mechanisms not always well documented. Biologic DMARDs are antibodies or fusion proteins with a specific action over a specific target promoting blockage of a molecule, its receptor, or lysis of a cellular subgroup.


Some statistical and deterministic properties of relaxed median filters are analyzed in this paper. The root structures of relaxed median filters are derived. It is shown that relaxed median filters form a class of filters with many desirable properties. They preserve well details of images corrupted by impulsive noise.


A preliminary species inventory and elevational transect was conducted in the Madamas Valley of Trinidad. A total of 50 tree species, 63 bird species, 24 bat species, 8 non-volant mammals, and 21 butterfly species were recorded from eight sample sites. This study recommends that a Protected Natural Area include the Madamas Valley.


The purpose of the study is to investigate a usability of using fashion and beauty service and suggest better user experience on Instagram's newly released mobile video platform, IGTV. The study expects to be a resource of improving the usability on fashion and beauty contents on IGTV and encourage further research for suggesting better guidelines. As a research method, it will experiment current mobile video service first with literature review. Afterwards, the research conducted tasks and in-depth interview with eight Instagram users to evaluate a usability of using fashion and beauty service on IGTV. As a result, it is able to derive two plans that needed improvement. Firstly, IGTV is required to have high accessibility for user's to use service longer and intuitive user experience. Secondly, unlike previous service that Instagram have offered, IGTV need to differentiate to share and get information of fashion and beauty trends.


This paper is concerned with an experimental study of a uniform sand layer loaded up to failure with two plates of different sizes and equal pressure. The effect of internal distance between the two plates on the settlement and on the bearing capacity is investigated. It is found that when the internal distance between two adjacent footings is less than the width of the smaller footing, the two footings act as one. Bearing capacity and settlement are found to be sensitive to the distance between the footings. It is also found that larger footing exhibits more settlement at the elastic stage. While at failure, the smaller footing exhibits more settlement. The results of this study are compared with other studies.


We develop a model of stock return volatility that includes a positive risk-return relation, a significant volatility feedback effect and explains a rich set of empirical phenomena. It explains the negative correlation between returns and volatility we observe in stock data. We find that including volatility feedback dramatically strengthens the risk-return relation. Contrary to some previous research we find that volatility feedback is economically significant, explaining around 13 percent of daily, and 28 percent of monthly, stock return volatility. We demonstrate that previous studies have found an economically insignificant feedback effect because of their choice of either empirical methodology or model specification.


We consider the quantization of gravity as an SL(2,C) gauge theory in terms of Ashtekar's selfdual variables and reality conditions for the spatial metric (RCI) and its evolution (RCII). We start from a holomorphic phase space formulation. It is then natural to push for a quantization in terms of holomorphic wave functions. Thus we consider holomorphic cylindrical wave functions over SL(2,C) connections. We use an overall phase ambiguity of the complex selfdual action to obtain Poisson brackets that mirror those of the real theory. We then show that there is a representation of the corresponding canonical commutation relations the space of holomorphic cylindrical functions. We describe a class of cylindrically consistent measures that implements RCI. We show that spin networks with SU(2) intertwiners form a basis for gauge invariant states. They are still mutually orthogonal, but the normalisation is different than for the Ashtekar-Lewandowski measure for SU(2). We do not consider RCII in the present article. Work on RCII is ongoing and will be presented elsewhere.


This study aimed to develop a simple, rapid and low-cost diagnostic kit for isoniazid resistant tuberculosis using single-stranded tag hybridization method targeting an isoniazid resistance conferring mutation. Specificity and sensitivity were assessed by utilizing DNA extracted from 49 isoniazid resistant and 41 susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates cultured in Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tubes. Positive signals were observed at mutant and wildtype lines with the sensitivity and specificity of 100% comparing to sanger sequencing results. In contrast, no positive signal was observed with non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. And the detection limit of this method was supposed to be 10 3 CFU or less. The STH-PAS method for isoniazid resistant M. tuberculosis detection developed in this study offers a better alternative for conventional phenotypic isoniazid resistance determination which will be of both clinical and epidemiological significance in resource limited nations.


It was a great surprise in 2008 when superconductivity (sc) with a quite high Tc of 26 K was discovered in an iron-arsenic compound [1]. Compounds containing iron – the prototype element for strong ferromagnetism and therefore antagonist to sc – were long thought to be no candidates in the search for sc. Fe-based sc's (FeSCs) crystallize in "1111," "122," "111," and "11" type structures built up from edge-sharing FeAs or FeSe tetrahedra [2]. Starting from the "122" type mother compound BaFe2As2, sc can be induced by doping either holes (e.g. by substitution of Ba with K) or by substitution of the Fe by Co, Ni, etc. (electron doping), or even by isovalent substitutions of Ru for Fe or P for As [2]. Remarkably, no sc has been found yet for substitutions with Mn or Cr, i.e. elements with lower 3d electron count than Fe [3]. As in many unconventional sc's, in the phase diagram of the FeSC compounds the sc phase lies in the proximity of a magnetically ordered phase. Thus, electron correlation effects seem to be important, with the Hund's exchange interaction being the major effect in FeSCs. Such correlations should be strongest for materials where the 3d electron shell is half filled (Mn and hole-doped Fe compounds) and decrease towards higher and lower 3d electron counts. Consequently, there have been suggestions [4,5] that sc may occur in suitably modified Cr pnictides. Indeed, the recent discovery [6] that CrAs under mild pressure (0.8 GPa) becomes nonmagnetic and finally sc has spurred efforts to search for sc in other Cr-based compounds.


Objective
To investigate the effect of autophagy on high glucose (HG)-induced cardiomyocytes H9c2 cells apoptosis.

Methods
The viability of H9c2 cells was detected by MTT assay. The apoptotic cells were observed by hoechst33258 staining. The expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin-1 and P62) in H9c2 cells were detected by Western Blot. The factorial design analysis of variance was used for the OD value and the protein band gray value of each group, and the difference between the groups was analyzed by single factor ANOVA.

Results
High glucose induced the decrease in viability of H9c2 cells: The viability of high glucose cells at 12, 24, and 48 mmol/L was [(79.5±2.23)%] (t = 3.143, P = 0.043), [(54.6±3.08)%] (t = 12.425, P = 0.000) and [(37.2±2.59)%] (t = 13.761, P = 0.000) of the control group (100%) . Compared with the control group (100%), the cell viability of the mannitol isotonic control group was [(101.0±1.27)%] (t = 0.012, P = 0.094). High glucose induced the increase of hoechst 33258 positive cells in H9c2 cells and increased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax: Compared with the control group, the gray levels of apoptotic protein Bax/β-actin in the high glucose treatment groups of 12, 24, and 48 mmol/L were (1.29±0.25, t = 2.32, P = 0.045), (1.42±0.23, t = 10.247, P = 0.000) and (1.81±0.29, t = 16.324, P = 0.000). High glucose induced autophagy dysfunction: Compared with the control group, the gray values of autophagy-related protein Beclin-1/β-actin were (0.82±0.16, t = 4.243, P = 0.032), (0.78±0.19, t = 11.341, P = 0.000), and (0.62±0.11, t = 13.455, P = 0.000), and the gray levels of P62 protein/β-actin protein were (1.29±0.25, t = 4.442, P = 0.014), (1.42±0.23, t = 13.341, P = 0.000), and (1.81±0.29, t = 15.851, P = 0.000). The autophagy inducer rapamycin reversed high glucose-induced increase in hoechst33258-positive cells and the high-glucose-induced increase in Bax expression: Compared with the control group, the Bax /β-actin gray value of the high glucose group, high glucose and rapamycin co-treatment group, and rapamycin group rapamycin group were (1.51±0.31, t = 14.342, P = 0.000), (1.42±0.23, t = 9.621, P = 0.004), and (1.81±0.12), t = 0.172, P = 0.124).

Conclusion
High glucose may promote apoptosis and induces autophagy dysfunction in cardiomyocytes H9c2 cells. The application of autophagy inducer may reverse the effect of high glucose on apoptosis of H9c2 cells, indicating that autophagy is an important mechanism of high glucose-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells.

Key words:
Autophagy; High glucose; Apoptotisis; Myocardial cells


I propose to generate an objective catalog of galaxy clusters in the northern sky, utilizing the Digitized Second Palomar Sky Survey (DPOSS). This thesis will consist of several related projects, namely: 1. Generation of a catalog of cluster candidates from DPOSS in two limited areas at high Galactic latitude. This will be performed using the object catalogs generated by SKICAT. 2. COSMIC spectroscopy of dense, centrally concentrated cluster candidates in four elds, to determine whether they are indeed clusters, and obtain their redshifts and velocity dispersions. 3. NORRIS spectroscopy of a subset of the looser, more patchy cluster candidates in one of the four elds, to determine whether they are clusters, obtain their redshifts and velocity dispersions, and examine their substructure. 4. Multicolor imaging at the 60" telescope of all candidates in these four elds, to obtain photometric redshift estimates, which may then be applied to the rest of the survey. 5. Examination of the spatial and angular cluster-cluster correlation functions, and the accompanying power spectrum, to investigate large scale structure. 6. Cross-correlation of the nal catalog with existing X{ray catalogs, and a correlative analysis of cluster properties. There are many cosmological uses for rich clusters of galaxies. They provide useful constraints for theories of large-scale structure formation and evolution, and are valuable (possibly coeval) samples for studying galaxy evolution in dense environments. Studies of the cluster two-point correlation function and the power spectrum are important probes of large scale structure and the scenarios of its formation. Most of the optical studies to date have been limited by the statistical quality of the available cluster samples. For instance, the Abell catalog suuers from a non-objective selection process, a bias towards centrally concentrated clusters, especially those with cD galaxies, and a relatively low redshift cutoo (z 0:15; Bahcall & Soneira, 1983). Still, many far-reaching cosmological conclusions have been drawn from it (i.e. Bahcall & West, 1992). More recent automated surveys, like the one from the APM group (Dalton et al., 1994), have also been hampered by the data available. The APM group used digitized J plates from the Southern Sky Survey; this is a poor choice of color because clusters are better delineated by redder, early-type galaxies. They also do not have the ability to perform color-selection, preventing elimination of some contamination from eld galaxies. In view of the real need to generate well-deened, objective catalogs of galaxy clusters and groups, …


Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering experiments have been used to examine both the secondary structure content and overall conformation, respectively, of the catalytic subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase and to characterize the structural change that occurs upon binding of the protein kinase inhibitor peptide, PKI(5-22)amide. While the secondary structure of the enzyme is unaltered by the binding of PKI(5-22)amide, a large overall conformational change occurs resulting in a compaction of the enzyme that is characterized by a 2{angstrom} decrease in radius of gyration, Rg, and an 11{angstrom} decrease in the maximum linear dimension, d{sub max}. We have modeled the conformational change as a simple rotation of the upper and lower lobes of the kinase by 39{degrees} about a molecular hinge defined by Glyl25, resulting in a closure of the cleft between the two lobes of the kinase. These data are evaluated with respect to recent x-ray crystallographic studies of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, CDK2 protein kinase, and the MAP kinase ERK2. In addition, the implications that these findings have for the remainder of the protein kinase family are discussed.


In an open, secular society, young people encounter one another outside the traditional framework of their respective religions. This article describes a Jewish approach to the issues and possibilities that arise when an interfaith marriage is contemplated. The perspective is that of a rabbi working from a progressive Jewish position, given the particular concerns of post-war European Jewish communities. What kind of ceremony might be appropriate? What thought should be given from the beginning to the religious education and identification of future children?


Parts of digital business processes, composed of services, can be outsourced to third party organizations, which can be distributed all over the world. In an Internet of Services scenario, market places are used to mediate between service providers and consumers in order to bring to-gether partners for cross-organizational collaboration. Existing research on outsourced services in the context of the Internet of Services focuses on technical aspects, such as Web services, and does not take into account business-specific threats and corresponding attacks. In this paper, we present an attack taxonomy which can be used to structure both technological and business-oriented attacks on the Internet of Services and describe specific attack scenarios that should be considered within the IT risk management process. Understanding such attacks is the first step towards making the Internet of Services more secure and to design suitable countermeasures.


The experimental teaching staffs are laden with not only the construction and management of the the laboratories,but also the experimental teaching and scientific researches. However,some issues are raised concrening the construction of teaching staffs in some universities in western China,e.g:low educational background and professional title,low integrated quality,unfavorable knowledge structure,insufficient and instable teacher sources,etc. To solve these problem,some measures have to be taken including optimizing the leadership,cultivating and importing talents,implementing the fixed and flexible organizing personnel system,keeping the construction of teaching staffs open and dynamic.


Since the late 18th century, canyons and gorges have become popular tourism destinations. This trend continues to the modern days, with a large number of people visiting these popular sites each year. In recent years, there has been a rapid expansion of tourism interest in such geological formations and landscapes. Due to that, geoheritage has become an important part of tourist offer in many countries. Serbia possesses approximately 650 distinctive geosites. Among these are several remarkable canyons and gorges of great scientific importance and geotourism potential. This paper shows the comparative analysis of tourism potentials of gorges and canyons in the municipality of Pirot, as an important growth engine of the area. Six gorges and canyons are considered, whose values are examined for the purpose of obtaining information on tourism potential, or more precisely, a certain degree of tourism aspects in the given area. Results show that there is certain potential for development of geotourism, in terms of the existence of exceptional geological diversity, and primarily scientific, followed by educational and aesthetic values. On the other hand, the added value would enable development of geotourism since tourism infrastructure is not satisfactory or is completely absent.


The author presents a method to mitigate received signal power loss in presence of the multipath effect. The method is dedicated to phased array radars. It is based on the observation that signal amplitudes from various antenna elements may significantly vary between each other in the multipath scenario and uses beamforming with modified weights adjusted to these amplitudes. As a result, the improvement of Signal-to-Noise Ratio of 2–3 dB is possible to obtain. The results of the method were based on simulations performed. Moreover, a negative impact on the antenna receiving pattern and sensitivity to changes in surface reflection coefficient has been discussed.


The invention relates to a heat engine for performing an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) having (p The invention also relates to the use of a working medium having a critical pressure (p


In this paper, synchronization among the mercury beating heart (MBH) oscillators is studied. In the first set of experiments, two MBH oscillators were taken. Frequency of one oscillator is kept constant and that of the other is increased monotonically. These were then coupled using bidirectional and unidirectional coupling mechanisms separately. Dependence of synchronization on the frequency difference between the two oscillators is investigated. For the second set of experiments involving unidirectional coupling, an ensemble of fifteen oscillators was taken and different configurations of these oscillators were considered. These include an all-to-all network and fractionally distributed master slave configurations. The effect of both the extent of coupling and network configuration on synchronization among these oscillators was investigated.


In this paper , field surveys at five harbors facing Sea of Japan are carried out . The hearing study on the safety of ship entery into the harbor are performed . We understand many detailed prob − lems , Ship entry into harbor beco 皿 es difficult when the wind waves condition is severe . Although offshore breakwaters are constructed to improve wave condition at the harbor entrance , the fur − ther desire to improve the ship entry is strong in the res111ts of our hearing study . Therefore , it is necessary to secure the sufficient harbor tranquility with a facility in addition to breakwater from the view point of the safety of the ship entry . It is cleared that the fisher 皿 en wish " MARINE GUIDE FENCE " to keep away collision of a fishing boat from breakwaters or some obstacles near aharbor entrance .


Anthony POWELL'S work has been looked at carefully by relatively few critical scholars, in spite of the fact that he has been called "the most elegant writer presently working in the English language." ' I am surprised at how little he is read — at least in the United States. He is a splendid writer, often entertaining, always a skilled craftsman. His earlier novels {Afternoon Men, 1931; Venusberg, 1932; From a View to a Death, 1933; Agents and Patients, 1936; and What's Become of Waring, 1939) are short satiric and ironic comedies dealing mainly with London bohemia in the 1920s. His later fictional work is a twelve volume tour de force (A Question of Upbringing, 1951; A Buyer's Market, 1952; The Acceptance World, 1955; At Lady Molly's, 1957; Casanova's Chinese Restaurant, 1960; The Kindly Ones, 1962; The Valley of Bones, 1964; The Soldier's Art, 1966; The Military Philosophers, 1968; Books Do Furnish a Room, 1971; Temporary Kings, 1973; Hearing Secret Harmonies, 1975) 2 in which the narrator, Nicholas Jenkins, attempts, with varying degrees of success, to make sense of life as A Dance to the Music of Time.


Risk management can enhance all aspects of the management of aging dams. Risk analysis can strengthen the identification and understanding of dam safety issues. Risk assessment can provide valuable information on the risk reduction characteristics and benefits of structural and non-structural risk reduction options. In addition, to being useful for technical purposes, risk assessment outcomes can strengthen the case for funding capital improvements, additional investigations, and on-going dam safety activities, such as monitoring and surveillance and emergency management. A portfolio risk assessment and an individual dam risk assessment, which the authors have completed for owners and a regulator, are summarized to provide specific examples of the use of risk analysis, risk assessment and risk management in gaining insights, exploring options, and justifying safety improvements at aging dams.


The usual and common approach to self-teaching hasn't proved relevant to cover the field of the multiple identities and functions created by this specific learning process. That is why we have tried to define what self-teaching actually means at the present time, as the cumulative result of all that it has been, and also maybe as an anticipation of what it will be. In this search we have aimed at exploring the various paths self-teaching opens, at eliciting its most recurrent features which can accurately show how different it can be from other self-training practices and from learning through experience, which it often proves to be different from. Self-teaching has its own characteristics which we have found make it an extremely independant, voluntary and determined learning process. Our methodological reference has been the transversal and multireferential approach, which means a lot of disciplines can interact (philosophy, history, sociology, psychology, the theory of imagery, literature). This approach has enabled us to cast an appropriate light on the timeless an universal dimensions of self-teaching (beyond time and space). We have studied historical permanence, ambivalence towards hetero-training systems, the transgressing of each individual who frees himself little by little from is own socio-cultural background. Thanks to autos-key we have understood that even though each self-teaching process is autonomous, it depends on its environment : mythical images depict it alternatively as positive or negative. The multi-level approach seems to show that self-teaching now tends to connect itself with hetero-training with which it constantly interacts : the former one was born from, is justified and contradicted by the latter one. Self-training occurs much more in phases alternating with hetero-training than as a continuing phenomenon, it was born from time immemorial and has always proved to be a remarkable means of cultural integration.


A white, reflective, light weight, excellent to provide white polyester film thermal dimensional stability, and it is to provide a superior surface light source luminance characteristics by using. And A polyester resin component (A), containing the component (B) is incompatible with the resin component (A), including a white polyester layer having voids inside the (W layer) Film in, the non-phase soluble content (B) is a glass transition temperature of 110 ° C. or more cyclic olefin resin (b), and the content Z is white polyester white polyester layer (W layer) in the cyclic olefin resin (b) layer (W layer) white polyester film 5% by weight to 50% by weight or less based on and a surface light source using the same. .BACKGROUND


The need for performance testing is growing, and many companies are moving toward automated performance testing. Telia uses HP Performance Center for performance testing and wants to explore the ma ...


Traffic information based on floating car data is becoming a major source to Government Agencies. Some of these sources are based on aggregating global positioning system (GPS) data and use historical patterns and prediction algorithms to fill in the gaps in the real time data. Data quantities from these systems are not enough to provide samples for all road sections every reporting period and most of road sections do not generate live samples most of the time. Road Agencies and Municipalities which are looking for real time data are sometimes compromising on such data based on historical patterns because they don't have the knowledge to differentiate between such systems. This paper summarizes the challenges and possible solutions to this problem, which were identified by Cellint Traffic Solutions ("Cellint") based on its experience in validation procedures of Departments of Transportation and Road Agencies in North America and Europe.


A simple method of determining hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of metalloth i onein (MT) was developed.The hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of various oxid ative degrees MT and isoforms were investigated.The results indicate that the hy droxyl radical scavenging effects of variously oxidative MT positively correlate with their sulfhydryl group content;with the same sulfhydryl group content,the hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of ZnMT 1 is stronger than that of ZnMT 2; and the capacity of ZnMTs is far stronger than that of GSH and Cystein.


The present invention is a substrate, comprising the at least two kinds of terminal contacts and at least one of the resist structure, the terminal contact portion and at least one resistance structure is arranged on the first side of the substrate, at least one of the resist structure with the terminal contact portion are electrically connected by the at least one electrode is placed in each of two kinds of terminal contacts on the side resist structure on the first side of the substrate, the electrodes or electrically connected to a respective terminal contact, or at least one electrode is arranged on one of the terminal contact portion to the next resist structure in the first side of the substrate, electrodes and electrodes relate the temperature sensor, in particular a high-temperature sensor is configured in one part and the resist structure. The present invention further relates to a high-temperature sensor including such a temperature sensor. In another aspect, the present invention is formed for this temperature relates to the sensor manufacturing method, at least one of the resistance structure, at least two terminal contacts and at least one electrode is at least one of a resist structure applied to the first side of the substrate, the terminal contact portions are applied to at least one terminal contact, at least one of the resist structure and the at least one coating, the coating is preferably a metallic substrate so as to be connected to the electrodes and to electrically.


praise for their part in reaching a conclusion. And the conclusion is that by putting the "problem of violence at the center of its theory and practice," the Christian nonviolent tradition "offers an alternative model of political action and an alternative history of the twentieth century" (1). The book contains six chapters and a conclusion. Each chapter, beginning with those engaged in and after World War I, creates a series of conversations over the meaning of Christian nonviolence and how best to put that theory into practice. Chapter 1, "Love and War," features Page, Holmes, Eddy, and Muste. Chapter 3 introduces Gandhi and Gregg. Niebuhr makes his appearance in chapter 4. Chapter 5 turns to the debate that occurred during World War II and bears the appropriate title, "Tragic Choices." The sixth chapter turns the spotlight on the civil rights movement and bears the title, "The Age of Conscience." The conclusion is more than a summary and is as important as the introduction. In it Kosek invites his readers to engage in the continuing dialogue. This is a book that anyone seriously interested in American religious history in the twentieth century can engage at a number of points. Christian nonviolence is not a household concept and has many possible meanings. Putting a discussion of those in the text rather than in footnote 9 of the introduction might helped clarify the meaning of the term. Chapter 6 has an important title, but can be misleading. The 1940s through the1960s constituted "an age of conscience," not "The Age of Conscience." In the long course of American history, the 1830s through the 1850s was another "age of conscience." These are minor things. Gentle reader, if you have even a remote interest in this topic, pick up this book and read.


Precise dynamic data race detectors provide strong correctness guarantees but have high overheads because they generally keep analysis state in a separate shadow location for each heap memory location, and they check (and potentially update) the corresponding shadow location on each heap access. The BIGFOOT dynamic data race detector uses a combination of static and dynamic analysis techniques to coalesce checks and compress shadow locations. With BIGFOOT, multiple accesses to an object or array often induce a single coalesced check that manipulates a single compressed shadow location, resulting in a performance improvement over FASTTRACK of 61%. CCS Concepts •Theory of computation → Program analysis; •Software and its engineering → Concurrent programming languages; Software defect analysis


Perna perna is a bivalve that occurs in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, as well as in the Mediterranean Sea. The present work aims to investigate the hypothesis that the distribution of Perna perna in Brazil may be the result of bioinvasion events. For that purpose, occurrence of the species in shellmounds along the Brazilian coast was verified. In the majority of the shellmounds, in Brazil no shells of Perna perna were found. In those mounds for which occurrence of this species is cited, the citations are dubious. Perna perna may be an exotic species which may have been introduced in Brazil several years ago, possibly with the development of sea commerce all through the slave trade period.


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The author of the article turned to the Bulgakov novel in order to examine the most important historical, literary and political problem of Jerusalem. The constant political tension on this issue has not been diminishing for more than two millennia. There are many debatable literary and philosophical ideas and images on this topic. M.A. Bulgakov created his bright mythological version. Professor Nemtsev justifies this in order to summarize some of the results of the study of The Master and Margarita. The key scene of the novel, describing the conversation of the procurator of Judea with the high priest, is interpreted as the plot center of the work. Methodology: the key scene should be considered epistemologically in order to recognize the ideology of the menippea novel, and most importantly, to help the reader decide in the right direction. For this purpose, the author of the article published a reader's guide entitled "Methods for analyzing the works of Mikhail Bulgakov".


The main part of the book then offers us chapters on the clusters of meaning around heart (ch 1), throat (ch 2), belly (ch 3), head (ch 4), eyes (ch 5), ears (ch 6) mouth (ch 7), hand and arm (ch 8), legs and feet (ch 9), flesh (ch 10). The text is illustrated with photos and line drawings of artefacts, both ancient and modem, both exotic and familiar. Some, like the ancient Assyrian king who shakes hands like a modem car dealer or real estate agent (151), show a surprising mixture of both. The text is supported by an extensive set of endnotes, a bibliography, an index of biblical citations, and frequent apt references to contemporary life and culture. But these never intrude on the flow of the text: the book carries its scholarship lightly, but the scholarship is there for those who want it. So: What is the background to righteousness and peace kissing one another (Ps 85:10), and to Judas" kiss (Mt 26:49)? Why does Abraham require his servant, in swearing an oath, to put his hand under his thigh (Gen 24:2)? What exactly do the scriptures of the Jews, the Christians and the Muslims mean when they attribute a womb to God? And why, together with the heart, is this the most commonly mentioned internal organ in the Hebrew Bible? What is the meaning of removing one's shoes in the presence of the Holy, or of washing the feet, one's own or someone else's? And what was it with Samson's hair, anyway? If these questions or ones like them have ever crossed your mind, especially in some idle moment when the Theological Dictionary of the New Testament was not readily to hand, this is the book for you. It would make an excellent basis for a series of sermons or retreat addresses on a perennially engaging theme. The illustrations could be used, judiciously and with respect to copyright licence of course, as the basis for overheads to illustrate such a series.


In the diversity of clinical psychiatry, the breakdown of mentalization
can be directly experienced in oneself, or masked by defensive or compensatory reactions which are just as psychically based. But, in the specific field of psychosis, there
is an additional contradiction that a fundamental impossiblility in thinking leds the
subject to a paradoxical excess of mentalization and keeps him in anxious and attentive overtones concerning his psychic life, which is very different from what escapes
from this mentalization for a logic of another order in the psychosomatic process.


AIMS & OBJECTIVES: We will present the management of three patients with tracheostomies with COVID-19 infection METHODS: We will present the management of three patients with tracheostomies with COVID-19 infection RESULTS: The first patient, 13 years old girl, had a diagnosis of osteopetrosis and recurrent osteomyelitis, presented with four days of fever She had in-house contact and computed tomography was consistent with COVID 19 pneumonia, and PCR was positive Antibiotic treatment, favipravir, hydroxychloroquine and enoxaparin treatments were began On the 15th day;ventilator support was given her, after radiological progression and clinical worsening PCRs were negative on day 13 and 17 Patient was discharged with oxygen support on day 24 The second patient;2-years-old with tracheostomy with BPD admitted for a tracheostomy closure plan Routine COVID PCR test was positive before the procedure The patient without complaint had sore throat in her parents, but their COVID 19 PCR test was negative On the 4th day, she was discharged without any problem On the 12th day, the COVID PCR test was negative The third patient, with tracheostomy and gastrostomy, who applied with fever and respiratory distress In addition to wide antibiotic therapy, favipravir and bemiparin treatments were also began In the follow-up, mechanical ventilation support was provided COVID PCR positive taken on the 10th day of treatment;resulted negative on day 17 The patient was discharged on the 20th day CONCLUSIONS: There is no information about covid 19 pneumonia in pediatric patients with tracheostomy Followup of these patients will provide insight into the follow-up of patients with future tracheostomy


Objectives To explore clinical feature of ischemic cardiomyopathy. Methods Analysis of clinical material was performed in 22 cases with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Results Most patents were the senile people. All Patients had a history of angina pectoris or myocardial infarction. The main clinical manifestations were heart dilation, various kinds of cardioarrhythmia and heart failure, UCG revealed left ventricle dilation, segmental abnormaility, of ventricular wall motion and dediming in left ventricular ejection fraction(50%). Coronary angiographies demonstrate 1 vessel or more than 1 vessel diseases, coronary stenosis75%, even complete occlusion. Conclusions This illness usually occurs in the senile people. The clinical characteristics were heart dilation and congestive heart failure and similar to dilated cardiomyopathy. Coronary angiogxaphy is a reliable method for its differential diagnosis.


Recent studies in science education area focus on the children's concrete ideas of science and their understandings of science concepts that different then sci- entists' ideas and understandings. In order to investigate students understanding of science concepts of velocity, speed, acceleration, displacement, and distance this study was design and implemented among freshmen students who took introductory physics class in Ataturk University at 2005-2006 academic year. There were total of 157 students participated in this study. In order to minimize measurement error two and three stage questions were designed and used. Students' responses to questions were analyzed and grouped. Results reported with table in this study demonstrate grouped students responses and their percentages. Results indicated that students had difficulties to understand velocity, speed, acceleration, displacement, and dis- tance concepts and hold numerous misconceptions/ alternative conceptions about them. Results were discussed in details.


With China's rapid economic growth over the past three decades, the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) has become more serious to the environment, with debilitating effects on both flora and fauna. This paper mainly investigates the relationship among economic growth, energy intensity, and CO2 emission in China using static and dynamic regressions, Granger causality, and impulse response function. The results show that by comparing the values of different energy intensities, coal consumption is the highest with mean value of 4.296, which is followed by oil (0.817), electricity (0.226), and gas (0.098). Thus, China's heavy reliance on coal consumption is possibly a dominant cause for the increase in carbon dioxide emissions. The results also indicate that CO2 emissions have an inverted U-shaped link with per capita income, and this supports the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in China. Furthermore, economic growth has a bidirectional relationship with coal energy consumption, while coal consumption also has a bidirectional link with CO2 emissions. Based on the findings, we suggest that environmental technologies should be improved through efficiency-enhancing strategies to reduce CO2 emissions. Finally, China's Ministry of Environmental Protection should strictly enforce existing laws and regulations on the environment, and also encourage a shift from the use of fossil fuels to clean energy sources such as ethanol gas, as well as promote the use of eco-friendly vehicles such as electric cars and