Explores the foreign policy debate over how best to protect Western technology from Soviet bloc participation without hampering high technology exports. This collection of papers results from a seminar on the subject which focused on new U.S. national security export control legislation and changes in the U.S. and multilateral export control systems. Presents viewpoints from all institutions involved in the debate: Congress, the Administration, U.S. industry and key allies. Co-published with the Center for Law and National Security, University of Virginia.


Based on observations on both herbarium specimens (including type material) and living wild plants, we demonstrate that Artemisia waltonii var. waltonii (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) is readily distinguishable from A. waltonii var. yushuensis by having abaxially tomentose (vs. glabrescent, rarely sparsely pubescent) leaves. The type variety is distributed only in central and southern Xizang (Tibet) in China whereas the latter one occurs widely in southern Qinghai, western Sichuan and eastern Xizang in the country. Moreover, we determine that A. conaensis and A. kangmarensis, both described from Xizang, are identical with A. waltonii var. waltonii and thus should be synonymized. Lectotypification is proposed for A. waltonii.


This paper examines 'The Federal RUGA Settlement Scheme against the background of the incessant attacks and clashes between Fulani herdsmen and indigenous farmers in farming communities in different parts of Nigeria. These attacks, caused by incursion of free-roaming cattle into private properties and farmlands, have claimed countless lives, interrupted livelihoods, destroyed properties running into hundreds of millions and threatened the food security of the nation. The crisis situation prompted some affected states of the federation such as Benue, Ekiti, Taraba and more recently Oyo State to pass Anti-Open Grazing Legislation. These Anti-open Grazing Laws were criticized as being discriminatory and soon became an excuse for inflammatory rhetoric and violent clashes. The federal government responded by introducing RUGA as a scheme to permanently settle herders and their families in built colonies on compulsorily acquired state lands across the country so that cattle could be ranched closer to the end users in each state. The Ruga Scheme was vociferously denounced by Southern Nigerians who saw it as a ploy by the Federal Government to further its purported agenda to Islamize the country. This paper takes introspection into the jurisprudential underpinnings and flaws of the Federal Ruga Scheme as a solution to the violent clashes between herders and farmers and the resultant unemployment and food shortage in Nigeria. It expounds on the socio-legal reasons for the suspension of the scheme and explores the legality and viability of its replacement: the National Livestock Transformation Plan (NLTP). The paper employs doctrinal research method in consideration of source materials consulted.


This paper is to address the potentials of GHG (greenhouse gas) emission reductions with energy-efficient technologies for estimating the marginal abatement cost (MAC) curve. In this paper, the Asia integrate model (AIM)/Enduse model was applied to estimate the abatement costs for the residential sector in Korea. Under the business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, energy services for the residential sector in Korea will increase, resulting in significant CO2 emissions in 2050. Under a GHG emission reduction scenario, it is found that most of GHG reduction in the residential sector could be feasible with reasonable abatement costs. The positive value of MAC provides the direction for implementing energy efficient technology to foster innovation.


18171 Background: An in-frame germline deletion variant (TGFBR1*6A) in the TGFBR1 gene results in loss of three alanines within the 9-alanine (*9A) repeat in the receptor. Compared with *9A, *6A is...


This project is one of several performed under the provisions of Section 5117 of the Transportation Equity Act of the 21st Century (TEA-21). This project focused on developing and documenting the impacts of tire inflation maintenance practices on commercial vehicle operating costs and safety, and providing a quantitative estimate of potential benefits of tire pressure monitoring sensors and automatic inflation systems. The work performed under the project included: Documenting and quantitatively characterizing the condition (pressure) of tires currently being used on a wide cross section of commercial vehicles operating in the United States, including an examination of tractor, trailer, and motor coach applications; Estimating the economic impact of improper tire pressure on fuel economy, tire maintenance, and replacement costs; Estimating the impact of improper tire pressure on commercial motor vehicle (CMV) safety and handling; Describing and discussing available and emerging devices and sensor technologies to address the problem of improper tire inflation; and Calculating the value of technologies designed to improve tire inflation maintenance based on alternative assumptions regarding implementation and usage. The results from this project can be used by motor carriers in evaluating their tire inflation maintenance practices and policies and to determine if technologies and sensors designed to improve tire pressure maintenance provide an appropriate cost-benefit and safety improvement in their operations. This is the final report of the study performed under Task Order 5 of a multi-task research contract. It does not supersede an earlier report on the subject.


The standard of calendaring and editing is excellent, as one would expect from a publication of The National Archive, though there are a few small mistakes in the index: e.g., Charles Seymour, duke of Somerset, was master of the horse, not of the house. However, I must finish this review of what is a marvellous addition to the historian's guide to a small but important part of the riches of the United Kingdom's state archive with a gripe. It really is a great pity that the publisher has been forced, presumably by financial circumstances, to price the volume at £150 (the same as the 2005 volume), thus placing it out of the reach of all but the most affluent private individual (or lucky reviewer). This having been said, one still hopes that sufficient library sales materialize for these two volumes to make the future publication of further volumes viable.


Aim To investigate the effects of N nitro L arginine(NO 2Arg) on the inhibition of morphine physical dependence in rats and the involvement of immunoreactive-dynorphin A (ir-Dyn) in the procedure.Methods The rats were rendered dependent on morphine by subcutaneous administration of morphine solution three times daily in a manner of dose increment of 5mg·kg -1 for 6 days.The degree of morphine physical dependence was monitored by scoring the abstinence syndromes precipitated by 5mg·kg -1 naloxone hydrochloride of the rats.The levels of ir-Dyn in discrete brain regions,pituitary,spinal cord and plasma of rats were determined by radioimmunoassay.Results NO 2Arg suppressed the development of morphine dependence in a manner of dose-related in rats and i.p injection of 5mg·kg -1 NO 2Arg suppressed most of the withdrawal symptoms of morphine dependent rats,which was antagonized by specific κ-opioid receptor antagonist nalbinaltorphimine.NO 2Arg could elevate the levels of ir-Dyn in spinal cord,striatum,pituitary and plasma of morphine dependent rats.Conclusions Chronic NO 2Arg administration inhibited the development of morphine physical dependence in a manner of dose-related,which might be significantly related with its role of regulating endogeneous dynorphin system.


The paper combines the estimation of the Monetary Conditions Index (MCI) with the theoretic modelling of optimal monetary policy in South Africa. The idea that monetary policy is not only interested in optimal monetary conditions but also in external stability, provides the basis for the analysis. The paper introduces the concept of the MCI and estimates the relative influence of interest rates and exchange rates on the output gap. The estimated weights are 1.9:1. This estimation results is used to specify operating target rules for South African monetary policy. Copyright (c) 2006 The Author. Journal compilation (c) 2006 Economic Society of South Africa.


Unexpected fluctuations in exchange rates represent a matter of concern for all businesses nowadays as the volatility in exchange rates impacts businesses' cash flows, revenues and expenses, and eventually is reflected in the company's risk-return profile. Companies' exposures to exchange rate risk have considerably increased in the past decades, given the boost in international operations and the continuous diversification of businesses' activities at the global level. Despite the attention that businesses display to nominal exchange rates changes, it is the real exchange rate that should be of more concern to corporate managers, since they induce changes at the level of the competitiveness of the business. Our paper comparatively analyzes the exposure to changes in the nominal and real exchanges rates of the local currencies that companies from a number of four Central and Eastern European countries (Romania, Hungary, Czech Republic and Poland) and investigates the nature of the relationship between stock market performance and exchange rates in the four countries under consideration. We find limited evidence for contemporaneous and asymmetric exposure to nominal and real exchange rate risk in all four countries, but consistent evidence for three to four months lagged exposure.


Genome-scale functional genetic screens can identify key regulators of a phenotype of interest, such as determinants of protein expression or modification. Here, we present a rapid, high-throughput approach to phenotypic CRISPR-Cas9 screening. To study factors that modulate the display of CD47 on the cell surface, we processed an entire genome-wide screen containing more than 108 cells in under one hour and maintained high levels of cell viability using a highly scalable cell sorting technology. We robustly identified modulators of CD47 function including QPCTL, an enzyme required for formation of the pyroglutamyl modification at the N-terminus of this protein.


A life-size cinerary statue in Florence belongs to a category of largescale stone sculptures found in the Chiusi region that were used as repositories for cremation burials. The type, an anthropomorphic container for the cinerary remains of a person, can be traced to pottery containers with lids in the shape of human heads. In the sixth century BCE, large-scale stone statues with internal cavities for the ashes join the pottery and metal anthropomorphic containers in the tombs of members of the upper classes. While this practice is strictly Etruscan, the Florence statue is inspired by East Greek sculpture of the sixth century BCE. This article, in honor of Nancy de Grummond, is an analysis of the Chiusine sculpture in Florence in the context of function and style.


Abstract We present high-resolution numerical simulations of the Euler and Navier–Stokes equations for a pair of colliding dipoles. We study the possible approach to a finite-time singularity for the Euler equations, and contrast it with the formation of developed turbulence for the Navier–Stokes equations. We present numerical evidence that seems to suggest the existence of a blow-up of the inviscid velocity field at a finite time (${t}_{s} $) with scaling $\vert u\vert _{\infty } \ensuremath{\sim} \mathop{ ({t}_{s} \ensuremath{-} t)}\nolimits ^{\ensuremath{-} 1/ 2} $, $\vert \omega \vert _{\infty } \ensuremath{\sim} \mathop{ ({t}_{s} \ensuremath{-} t)}\nolimits ^{\ensuremath{-} 1} $. This blow-up is associated with the formation of a ${k}^{\ensuremath{-} 3} $ spectral range, at least for the finite range of wavenumbers that are resolved by our computation. In the evolution toward ${t}_{s} $, the total enstrophy is observed to increase at a slower rate, $\Omega \ensuremath{\sim} \mathop{ ({t}_{s} \ensuremath{-} t)}\nolimits ^{\ensuremath{-} 3/ 4} $, than would naively be expected given the behaviour of the maximum vorticity, ${\omega }_{\infty } \ensuremath{\sim} \mathop{ ({t}_{s} \ensuremath{-} t)}\nolimits ^{\ensuremath{-} 1} $. This indicates that the blow-up would be concentrated in narrow regions of the flow field. We show that these regions have sheet-like structure. Viscous simulations, performed at various $\mathit{Re}$, support the conclusion that any non-zero viscosity prevents blow-up in finite time and results in the formation of a dissipative exponential range in a time interval around the estimated inviscid ${t}_{s} $. In this case the total enstrophy saturates, and the energy spectrum becomes less steep, approaching ${k}^{\ensuremath{-} 5/ 3} $. The simulations show that the peak value of the enstrophy scales as ${\mathit{Re}}^{3/ 2} $, which is in accord with Kolmogorov phenomenology. During the short time interval leading to the formation of an inertial range, the total energy dissipation rate shows a clear tendency to become independent of $\mathit{Re}$, supporting the validity of Kolmogorov's law of finite energy dissipation. At later times the kinetic energy shows a ${t}^{\ensuremath{-} 1. 2} $ decay for all $\mathit{Re}$, in agreement with experimental results for grid turbulence. Visualization of the vortical structures associated with the stages of vorticity amplification and saturation show that, prior to ${t}_{s} $, large-scale and the small-scale vortical structures are well separated. This suggests that, during this stage, the energy transfer mechanism is non-local both in wavenumber and in physical space. On the other hand, as the spectrum becomes shallower and a ${k}^{\ensuremath{-} 5/ 3} $ range appears, the energy-containing eddies and the small-scale vortices tend to be concentrated in the same regions, and structures with a wide range of sizes are observed, suggesting that the formation of an inertial range is accompanied by transfer of energy that is local in both physical and spectral space.


Some aspects of the biology of Orientus ishidae (Matsumura, 1902) (Hemiptera:Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) were studied in some protected areas of Piedmont (NorthernItaly) in the years 2012-2014 and in 2016. A case of predacious attack by Icius spec. (juvenile)(Araneae; Salticidae) was observed. Cases of parasitism by Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) and Erythraeidae (Acarina: Prostigmata) were also observed. The mite Erythraeus jowitae Haitlinger, 1987 is reported for the first time for the Italian fauna.


The invention relates to a method for milking an animal, in particular a cow, according to which a characteristic (KG) of the milking operation is first determined. Said characteristic (KG) is composed of at least one of the following variables: the actual value (IW) of the milk flow (MF), the temporal modification of said flow and/or the accumulated quantity of milk (MM). A threshold value (SK) for determining the end of a milking operation is determined in accordance with the characteristic(s) (KG). The end of the milking operation is predicted using the characteristic (KG) and the threshold value (SK). An evaluation variable (BG) of the milking operation is determined during said milking operation, whereby this/these evaluation variable(s) (BG) take(s) into account at least one of the following variables: the actual value (IW) of the milk flow (MF), the temporal modification of said flow and/or the accumulated quantity of milk (MM). The end of the milking operation is initiated, when the evaluation variable (BG) essentially corresponds to the threshold value (SK), or falls below the latter. Inventors: Schwering, Anne Schulze; (Munster, DE) ; Kaever, Peter; (Oelde, DE) ; Springer, Andreas; (Beckum, DE) Correspondence Name and Address: Smith & Amundsen 440 Science Drive Suite 302 Madison WI 53711 US Serial No.: 481614 Series Code: 10 Filed: June 24, 2004 PCT Filed: June 20, 2002 PCT NO: PCT/EP02/06864 U.S. Current Class: 119/14.5 U.S. Class at Publication: 119/014.5 Intern'l Class: A01J 005/04 Foreign Application Data Date Code Application Number Jun 21, 2001 DE 10129475.1


Large angle latch-up cross-section experimental results are presented which tend to show large collection depths. A simplified technique is proposed for estimating the latch-up sensitive volume thickness by varying energy deposition conditions with angle and by fitting energy loss calculation with cross-section measurements.


ABSTRACT This article explores the interaction between schooling processes and boys' entry into adolescent and early adult forms of heterosexuality in the transition between primary and secondary schooling. It argues that sexualities are produced at a dynamic interface between historically available discursive positions, wider social relations, the immediate social environment and unconscious processes, and draws out some provisional implications of this analysis for sex education.


The conference was inaugurated by Dr Dhananjay Kelkar, Medical Director of the hospital. He summarised the current situation in medical research and stressed the necessity for clinical research to focus on the health needs of the country rather than being donor driven. in the present scenario, he said, there is every chance of conflict of interest due to the incentives attached to clinical research. He also pointed out that if we do not follow ethics, we will be bound by regulation. He encouraged the delegates saying that this conference would serve as an important step on the path to forming a better society, better science and a better future.


Elevated circulating levels of NM23-H1 have been associated with poor prognosis in haematological malignancies including AML and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), several studies have demonstrated that both elevated circulating plasma levels and intra-tumoural levels of NM23-H1 correlate with poorer prognosis. These observations bring into question whether the mechanistic link of NM23-H1 expression with DLBCL prognosis depends an intrinsic intracellular mechanisms or is mediated by release of NM23-H1.
 We have shown that DLBCL lymphoma cell lines (Farage, HT, OCI-LY1, OCI-LY3, OCI-LY7, SUDHL4, SUDHL5 SUDHL6, U2932) express both NM23-H1 protein and the highly related protein NM23-H2. We also demonstrated that DLBCL cell lines release significant levels of NM23-H1 into their extracellular environment but not NM23-H2. Release of NM23-H1 was highly variable between cell lines with some releasing very high levels and some releasing much lower levels. Thus, DLBCL cell lines represent appropriate models to investigate the role of high and low levels of NM23-H1 on prognosis. The DLBCL cell lines HT and OCI-LY1 where selected for further study as representative of high and low level releasers of NM23-H1, respectively. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of NM23-H1 (KO-NM23-H1) in HT and OCI-LY1 DLBCL cells had no impact on cell growth, viability or immuno-phenotype either in normoxic or hypoxic cultures. Thus NM23-H1 appears to not be required intrinsically by DLBCL cell lines. We therefore considered that the link between higher expression and release of NM23-H1 with prognosis is mediated via tumour-host environment interactions. We used an NSG mouse model transplanted subcutaneously with 1x106 CRISPR control (CTRL)-HT, CTRL-OCIL-Y1, KO-NM23-H1-HT or KO-NM23-H1-OCI-LY1 cell lines. We did not observe significant differences in tumour growth between CTRL and KO-NM23-H1 cells in the low NM23-H1 expressing OCI-LY1 DLBCL cell line. However, the high-expressing KO-NM23-H1-HT cells had significantly slower tumour progression and increased host survival when compared to CTRL-HT cells. We interpret to indicate that NM23-H1 release above a certain threshold provides a tumour growth advantage.
 Reduced lymphocyte:monocyte ratios (LMR) are also associated with poor prognosis in DLBCL. To investigate a potential functional link between NM23-H1 release and monocyte behaviour we first exposed peripheral blood leucocytes to Alexa 647 labelled fluorescent recombinant-NM23-H1 and found that monocytes but not neutrophils, T-cells or B-cells bound NM23-H1. We also observed that monocyte viability and survival were elevated in serum free cultures when supplemented with rNM23-H1, an observation that might indicate that elevated circulating NM23-H1 and reduced LMR in poor prognosis DLBCL may be mechanistically linked. We next co- cultured CTRL-HT or koNM23-H1-HT in a 1:1 ratios with purified monocytes from healthy human donors. Principle component analyses of 27 cytokines simultaneously measured by luminex assays identified that IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1α, MIP-1β and TNF-α were elevated when monocytes were co-cultured with CTRL-HT cells compared to co-culture with koNm23-H1-HT cells. In contrast, IP-10 was found elevated in the co-culture with koNm23-H1-HT cells. These observations indicate potentially important cross talk between the malignant DLBCL cells and innate immune cells of the host. Consistent with this, IL-6 and IL-8 serum levels have been shown to be elevated in pretreatment DLBCL patients compared to control subjects and MIP-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 serum levels have a greater association with DLBCL than follicular lymphoma.
 In conclusion ours is the first study to investigate potential mechanistic links between the associations of elevated NM23-H1 and poor prognosis in DLBCL and indicate a role for cross-talk between tumour cells and innate immune cells. Our data also indicate that NM23-H1 release from DLBCL cells may be a driving component in driving reduced LMRs that are also associated with poor prognosis. Whether reduced LMR and NM23-H1 release are casually related or not, the possibility that patients with both elevated monocytes and elevated circulating NM23-H1 levels are likely to represent a group with particularly poor prognosis requires urgent investigation.

 Drayson: Abingdon Health: Consultancy, Equity Ownership. Rushworth:Abbvie: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding.


Impacts of the series resistances scattering in fullprinted organic circuits manufacturing process is studied in this work. The modeling was done by using the well-known Amorphous-Silicon Hydrogenated Thin Film Transistor (A-Si: H TFT) model initially planned for Amorphous Thin Film Transistors. Extractions methods dedicated to this model were applied to organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) using an automatic procedure. This extraction procedure including all above-threshold parameters was applied to a sample of N-type and P-type organic transistors. It then appeared a non-negligible process dispersion correlated and fitted with ideal statistic model. Afterwards, these statistic models are integrated to model cards in order to achieve Monte-Carlo simulations, thus permitting to evaluate the impact of series resistances on full-printed organic circuits. An organic inverter was chosen as example to do the study.


Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) is the transient luminescence observed during illumination of crystalline insulators or semiconductors that were previously excited, typically by exposure to ionizing radiation. The phenomenon has been known for a long time and has been suggested for radiation detection first in the mid-twentieth century. Developments over the past two or three decade in OSL and TL dosimetry have led to the application of these techniques in many radiation dosimetry fields, including personal, environmental, retrospective, space, neutron and medical dosimetry . This work aims to study the application of OSL technique using dosimeters of lithium fluoride doped with magnesium and titanium (LiF:Mg,Ti and microLiF:Mg,Ti) produced by Harshaw Chemical Company for application in beta dosimetry. The dose-response curves for doses ranging from 0.5 to 15 Gy, thermal fading to a storage period up to 48 hours (under environment free of light) and the reproducibility of the OSL response of the dosimeters for beta radiation of an Sr-Y source were evaluated.


The educational system in Pakistan is in a dismal position ever since it was established. The government sector has lost credibility with the public and is no longer the first option for parents due to inadequate, consistent, and effective policies and basic infrastructure. Parents are actively choosing the private sector schools for their children. Since denationalization during late 1970s, the private sector has grown steadily. It has expanded during past two decades, establishing new standards for outstanding education, but concerns about the rising class divide affecting social equality have also arisen. The existing literature supports private schools' growing role in expanding enrollment and resolving quality and access issues, but little is stated about their influence on society. Private schools are subtly attacking social justice and equality by increasing the social stratification and widening the socioeconomic difference. Private schools' branding techniques influence parents' choosing a junior and a high school for their children. Most of the research in this field has focused on exploring how the problems of quality, access, and other variables influence students' decisions about which schools to attend. However this research is aimed at exploring on a very basic issue: why are private schools favored because of their "branding"—the branding that has strengthened the status awareness in parents and school choice that has joined the realm of class conflict with several dimensions. The state's obligation to deliver at certain level of essential services has been privatized and sold out in the open market. The middle class's preference is migrating from public to private schools, with the goal of purchasing financial stability in order to gain access to a better-paying jobs and social circles. Today, schooling is not more than just getting an education; it's also a way to show wealth and social standing.


The urbanization is the process of population,economy,society,ecology and also other kinds of factors integrated development;the sole target can hardly be comprehensive and accurate to reflect the city or the region's urbanized development condition.This article emphasizes,the comprehensive target system should be established for the urbanized horizontal appraisal.And also it takes 15 vice-provincial cities as example.Then it carries on the appraisal and the arrangement to urbanization integrated level of various cities,accurately reflects development level of various cities and region urbanization,and reflects superiority and inferiority.Based on these,suggestions of the urbanized development of various cities in future are proposed.


This paper mainly discussed the impact of cloud computing to user service of digital library.This paper proposes the application of cloud computing technology to user service of digital library on the basis of the introducing its concept and technology characters.The application includes four aspects—reducing technical requirements of users' terminal equipment,integrating digital resources and providing "one-stop" service,providing comprehensive reference service,and helping users to create independent multiple virtual learning community.Finally,this paper puts forward that cloud computing technology should be used in user service of digital library.And digital library should regard humanistic service as the heart of library service and take advantage of cloud computing technology.


We present time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) studies of novel first- and second-generation electrophosphorescent fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium(III) [Ir(ppy)3] cored dendrimers and compare them with neat films of molecular Ir(ppy)3. A PL quantum yield of ∼0.8 is observed in blends of the dendrimers with 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)biphenyl (CBP) at room temperature, and the natural radiative lifetime of the emissive state (1.5 μs) is observed to be the same for dendrimers and molecular Ir(ppy)3. Quenching of the PL occurs in neat films, because of an energy transfer to less-emissive sites, which have ∼10 times lower oscillator strength. The PL quenching rate in spin-coated films of the first- and second-generation dendrimers is slower by a factor of 11 and 20, respectively, as compared to neat Ir(ppy)3 films prepared by evaporation. Dendrimer films showed a much smoother surface than Ir(ppy)3 films, which is consistent with more extensive aggregation of molecular Ir(ppy)3 than dendrimers.


A new three dimensional model is set up for interpreting the magnetostrictive ''jumps'' in Terfenol‐D compressed along the [112] or magnetically heat treated perpendicular to the [112]. This model considers the combined effects of magnetic anisotropy, stress, and magnetic field. It assumes no domain interaction and separates the magnetizing process of such Terfenol into three steps: (a) 180° domain wall movements at low applied H; (b) three dimensional domain rotations at high H; (c) non‐180° domain wall movements at higher H. The magnetostrictions along the three orthogonal directions of [111], [112], and [110] in Terfenol Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9 compressed along the [112] are calculated. The ratios of these to the saturated [111] magnetostriction of single crystalline Terfenol are 0, 0, 0 at the end of (a); −4/3, 5/6, 1/2 at the end of (b); −4/3, 4/3, 0 at the near end of (c), respectively. These data are consistent with our measurements and others.1


RA is chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease that affects the skin, blood vessels, CVS, lungs and muscles but principally attacks the joints to destruction of the articular cartilage and ankylosis of the joints causing aching, pain, swelling and stiffness.The disease can affect at any age but old persons are mainly affected. There is no specific cause of RA but some factor may play important role in the progress of RA. A blood antibody called "rheumatoid factor" can be found in 80% of patients, is the principle factor for diagnosis RA. The drugs most commonly used in the therapy of RA are the disease modifying antirheumatoid drugs (DMARDS) and the NSAIDS.


Introduction: QTc interval prolongation is one of the adverse drug reaction of several drugs used in DR-TBpatients treated with STR regimen. Drug-induced QTc prolongation can predispose patient to develop lifethreatening arrhythmia, increasing hospital length of stay and mortality. This study aims to determine factorsthat contribute to QTc prolongation in DR-TB patients on STR regimen.Methods. This was an observational retrospective study using medical records of DR-TB patients whoreceived STR regimen from August 2017 to March 2019 in tertiary hospital DR Soetomo, Surabaya,Indonesia. QTc interval was calculated by Fredericia formula. The influence of risk factors (age, bodyweight (BW), Body Mass Index (BMI), gender, comorbid, potassium, sodium and QTc baseline) with QTcprolongation was analyzed using multiple regression. The relationship between Moxifloxacin dosage andQTc was analyzed using Chi-Square test.Results Out of the 113 DR-TB patients who received the STR therapy regimen, 98 patients were eligible forthis study. They consist of 62 (%) male; 36 (%) female. Thirty-five (35,7%) of them had Diabetes Mellitusas a comorbid disease. The mean age of the patients was 44±11 years, with the mean of BMI was 20.20±3.73. Potassium and Sodium levels at the baseline were 4.192 ± 0.58 and 138.05 ± 4.562 respectively. TheQTc baseline before receiving STR regimen was 431.9±30,617ms. Patients received a dose of moxifloxacin400 mg (5.1%) , 600 mg (59,2%), and 800 mg (35,7%) according to body weight. There were no correlationbetween age, BW, gender, comorbid, and sodium baseline with QTc. There were correlation betweenpotassium (p=0,001), BMI (p=0,006) and QTc baseline (p <0,001) with QTc.Conclusion QTc baseline and potassium level are factors that contribute to the prolongation of the QTcinterval.


The effect of inhibitors of sulphanilamide acetylation on free and total sulphonamide blood levels has been investigated. p-Aminosalicylic acid hydrazide, administered to rabbits in combination with sulphanilamide, produced a twofold increase in the blood level of free sulphanilamide six hours after a single oral dose. Similarly, p-aminosalicylate and p-(dipropylsulphamyl)-benzoic acid together were responsible for a twofold increase in free-sulphonamide blood level six hours after a single oral dose of a triple sulphonamide mixture. Salicylamide and 5-bromosalicylamide were ineffective. The significance of these results is discussed.


Reliable and viable controller based on neural network for STATCOM in off-line wind power system is advised. A simple adaptive neural extraction circuit is used for generating the reference currents from the load currents. Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation was used for training the advised neural control. The advised control enjoys the advantages of simplicity and reliability. The proposed controller was corroborated through comprehensive simulation results in Matlab environment under rigorous operating regimes. The results verified the flexibility and feasibility of the proposed control strategy. Index-termsAdaptive Neural Network, STATCOM, SelfExcited Induction Generator, Back Propagation.


Enrolling in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) has become a global phenomenon, with millions of students from around the world signing up for courses offered by prestigious universities such as Harvard, MIT, and the University of London. Among the many platforms like edX, Udacity, and FutureLearn, Coursera was chosen to provide courses to blend in with Centro Escolar University (CEU) for its trial run. An evaluation was conducted across CEU's three campuses using data from 198 students among the 459 enrollees in courses where Coursera was blended. This inferential study determined the quality and educational impact of blending Coursera into their CEU courses. The findings include the results on the effectiveness of course materials in meeting the learning needs of students, their engagement and involvement, the course structure, and the quality and educational impact on students. The results of this study can help educators better understand how to design effective learning experiences that promote student engagement, improve learning outcomes, and optimize the use of technology and resources in an online and offline setting. Keywords: MOOCs, courses, educational impact, Coursera, course materials


Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal constitutes a valuable technique that provides considerable information towards the early diagnosis of several cardiovascular diseases, especially regarding the detection of abnormal heart rate, namely arrhythmias. In this paper, innovative methodologies that allow for the efficient classification of cardiac rhythm are presented. The proposed methods are based on ECG signal analysis, extraction of significant features, as well as classification algorithms. Several clinical, time- and frequency-domain features are either calculated, or automatically extracted by means of a Convolutional Neural Network, while traditional machine learning algorithms, such as k-Nearest Neighbors and Random Forests are employed in order to classify the ECG signals among 7 different cases of abnormal and normal heart rate. The learning methods are carried out within the JADBio software tool, that also performs feature selection prior to classification. The experimental results demonstrate high performance of the deployed methods in terms of relevant statistical metrics, while they yielded an average validation Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 99.9%.


Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread around the world and caused a huge impact on the economy. In the catering industry, the emerging online restaurants, which mainly focus on online sales, are growing rapidly thanks to China's epidemic management policy. In contrast, traditional restaurants, where offline dining is the main form of dining, have been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic as people cannot go out. Based on the theory of consumer behavior, this paper analyzes the performance, financial status, advantages, and disadvantages of Haidilao, a traditional hotpot chain enterprise, during the epidemic period through case studies and literature research methods. This study found that the impact of COVID-19 on consumers and aggressive marketing strategies were the main reasons for the loss of Haidilao. Through this study, this paper proposes solutions to the financial crisis and product deficiencies of Haidilao and hopes to provide a reference for the traditional catering industry to develop appropriate marketing strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.


After several years in the practice of health care and watching an increase in immunecomplex disorders, inflammatory disorders and degenerative diseases, I believe it is time for the health care community to initiate cross-talk. One recent study reports a healthy lifestyle combining not smoking, a healthy weight, a healthful diet including moderate alcohol consumption, and daily exercise reduced ischemic strokes by approximately half in both men and women. (Circulation. Published online August 11, 2008) The transfer of this critical information to all health care providers is important to the long-term health of all. This represents the essence of the Cross-Talk.


Submitted for the MAR05 Meeting of The American Physical Society Nucleation in Polymer Blends TIMOTHY RAPPL, NITASH BALSARA, University of California, Berkeley — The initial stages of phase separation in an off-critical binary mixture of model polyolefins were studied by time-resolved small angle neutron scattering. We focus on nucleation in the metastable regime which is bounded by the binodal, the location where the nucleation barrier is infinite, and the spinodal, where the nucleation barrier is unimportant. This broad range of barrier heights renders study of the early stage of nucleation a challenging endeavor. We have met this challenge by subjecting our blend to both singleand two-step quenches within the phase separated region of the phase diagram. This enables measurement of the size of the critical nucleus over 80% of the metastable regime. Some aspects of nucleation kinetics follow the linearized theory of Cahn, Hilliard, and Cook, which was originally developed to describe spinodal decomposition. Timothy Rappl University of California, Berkeley Date submitted: 01 Dec 2004 Electronic form version 1.4


true if they are taught them by the Watch Tower Society. Hence, the Bottings compare the Society's teachings with what George Orwell has to say about 'blackwhite' in the not-so-fictitious world of Oceania: 'Oceanic society rests ultimately on the belief that Big Brother is omnipotent and the Party is infallible. But since in reality Big Brother is not omnipotent and the Party is not infallible, there is need for an unswerving, moment-to-moment flexibility of facts. The key word here is blackwhite ....'


THIS PAPER EXAMINES THE NATURE OF PNEUMATIC TIRE HYDROPLANING AND THE CONDITIONS WHERE IT OCCURS. BOTH AN ANALYSIS OF THE FLUID FLOW AND A STUDY OF THE NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF TIRE DEFORMATION ARE GIVEN. A TWO- DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL TREATMENT OF THE THREE- DIMENSIONAL FLOW IS MADE IN TERMS OF THE MEAN QUANTITIES OVER THE FILM THICKNESS. VISCOUS AND INERTIAL EFFECTS ARE INCLUDED AND POSSIBLE EFFECT OF TURBULENCE IS ANALYZED. TWO APPROXIMATE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR THE FLUID FLOW PROBLEM AT THE INLET EDGE ARE PRESENTED. NUMERICAL RESULTS FOR THESE TWO CASES ARE ANALYZED AND THEN COMPARED TO THE GROSS AND DETAILED PROPERTIES OF THE FLUID FLOW SYSTEM THAT HAVE BEEN DETERMINED EXPERIMENTALLY BY OTHER INVESTIGATORS. THE COMPARISON SHOWS THAT THE RESULTS ARE NOT SENSITIVE TO THE DETAILS OF THE LEADING EDGE CONDITION. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY PERFORMED TO ESTABLISH THE LIMITS OF THE PRESENT ANALYSIS FOR THE HYDROPLANING OF AN ARBITRARY DEFORMED SURFACE SHOWED THEORY AND EXPERIMENT TO BE IN CLOSE AGREEMENT FOR REALISTIC VALUES OF THE PARAMETERS. /AUTHOR/


The Escherichia coli katF (putative sigma factor) gene regulates several other genes important for survival during dormancy. Variants of katF protein may selectively initiate transcription on some (but not all) promoters in response to different adverse environmental conditions or stage of growth of cells. We examined several Escherichia coli strains for sequence variability, and for concomitant phenotypic changes (Figure IA). The scored phenotpes were hydroperoxidase HPII, exonuclease m, pH 2.5 acid phosphatase, synthesis of trehalose, glycogen, carotenoid, morphological change, acid and heat stability, and stationary phase survival. We consistently found some base differences in the katF gene in all the strains examined from that previously published (1; EMBL accession no. X16400). These differences were g at position 111, g at 121; c at 123, a at 629, and deletion of a at 1020. There are two additional differences beyond 1132, but these would no longer be part of the katF gene. These may represent errors in the previously reported sequence. M.M.Zambrano,


Safety concerns and a lack of test data on the bond strength of deformed reinforcing bars embedded in high-strength concrete are reasons why the 1989 edition of the American Concrete Institute 318 Building Code imposed an arbitrary limit of 10,000 psi (69 MPa) in calculating the tension development length and the tension lap-splice length. In an attempt to evaluate the impact of this limitation and develop provisions for its removal, a two-phase investigation was carried out. This paper provides a complete summary of the experimental investigations conducted in both phases of the project. During the two phases, 70 beam specimens with tension reinforcement splices were tested. The parameters studied included bar size, length and deformation type of the reinforcing bars, amount of transverse reinforcement over the splice length, casting position, and concrete compressive strength. Results of the investigations are used to discuss observed differences in how reinforcing bars in tension develop in normal and high-strength concretes (HSCs), to develop hypotheses to explain these differences, and to suggest conditions for removal of the current concrete compressive strength limitation of the ACI 318 Building Code. In this paper, HSC is defined as concrete with compressive strength exceeding 10,000 psi (69 MPa).


The high mesothermal valley (1.900 m.a.s.l) of the bolson de Fiambala, the highlands of the transitional puna (3.400-4.000 m.a.s.l) and the high Andean range of Chaschuil (5.000-6.730 m.a.s.l) were integrated by pre-Hispanic routes which facilitated access to ecological complementarity and were key factor to


Eleven new briarane diterpenes have been isolated from a gorgonian Briareum sp., collected in the area of Bonotsu, Kagoshima Prefecture. Their structural elucidation and cytotoxicity tests toward Vero and MDCK cells were performed.


Using immunohistochemical reaction for PGP 9.5, three nerve plexuses were found in the anterior wall of the left ventricle of man. The first is represented by nerve trunks from myelinated and non-myelinated fibers and non-fleshy myelinated fibers and is located in the ventricular epicardium. The nerve fibers of the trunks penetrate the myocardium. They form a second plexus. It has a high density and consists of PGP 9.5 — positive preterminal and terminal fibers. Supporting cells accompany them. Specialized nerve terminations are located between cardiomyocytes and capillaries. Third plexus is localized in the endocardium. Its preterminal and terminal branches are located directly under the endothelium. They occupy a large area on the border with the cavity of the left ventricle. Based on the fact that the described plexus includes PGP 9.5 and some morphological criteria (presence of characteristic nerve fibers arborization, the presence of specialized nerve endings and supporting cells), it is concluded that all three nerve plexuses are the afferent sensory apparatus of the left ventricle of the human heart. The function of these receptors is discussed.


The transportation network construction takes place over a quite long time span and need enough budget. The budget is from the allocation of funds in phases and the construction cost change in the process of the construction. The general static transportation network design problems ignores the problems above. So the optimal solution obtained by the static model is best in short time, and it is may be unfeasible in the actual situation. Based on the actual situation and the shortage of the static model, the time-dependent transport network design is proposed in this study. The plan horizon is divided into N intervals and a bi-level model is built to describe the problem. The objective of the upper-level is to minimize the total cost of the whole stages. the lower-level model is a user equilibrium model. Then the branch and bound (B-B) algorithm is designed to solve the model. It is obvious that the solution of the time-dependent simulation model is more feasible than the solution of the static sequential design.


Background Following the introduction of novel oral anticoagulant agents (NOACs) dabigatran and rivaroxaban as an option for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF), local guidance has been developed to facilitate safe and effective prescribing of these agents. Purpose The purpose of this audit was to review prescribing of NOACs against local guidance and identify trends in prescribing against the following standard: NOACs should be prescribed in accordance with the product license, with appropriate dosage reduction as a second line agent only, reserved for when warfarin unsuitable. Materials and methods From March 2012 to February 2013, patients were identified and data was gathered from patient records and clinical notes. Results 32 of the 33 patients started on NOACs had a stroke risk score (CHA2DS2-VASc) of ≥1 and all patients were started only when warfarin was inappropriate in accordance with the guidance. The reasons for prescribing are highlighted in Table 1. Abstract CP-126 Table 1 Dabigatran Rivaroxaban Number of patients captured 27 6 Mean CHA2DS2VASc score when internally initiatedMean CHA2DS2VASc score when externally initiated 3.3 (range 2–6)3.3 (range 0–8) 4 (range 2–7)N/A Mean HAS-BLED score when internally initiatedMean HAS-BLED score when externally initiated 1.25 (range 1–3)1.6 (range 1–3) 1.5 (range 0–3)N/A Reasons for initiation of NOACs over warfarinLabile INRUnable to comply with warfarin monitoringAllergy/intolerance to warfarinOther 10971 2220 Patients receiving reduced dosesDue to impaired renal functionDue to ageDue to high bleeding riskDue to interacting drugs according to licenceDue to GORDNo clear indication 24562218 3300000 All patients who required dose reductions received an appropriate dose. However of the 27 patients prescribed a reduced dose, 8 had no clear indication highlighted. Conclusions The audit suggests initiation of NOACs is appropriate, with the majority prescribed according to local guidance and initiated due to labile INRs or inability to comply with the monitoring requirements of warfarin. Dosing of dabigatran was predominantly at the lower dose, most commonly due to age and impaired renal function. The unaccounted for dose reductions require further investigation, as using lower doses may have reduced effectiveness compared to warfarin, and as such, full therapeutic doses should be the preferred choice unless not tolerated. No conflict of interest.


Rhodotorula spp are uncommon yeasts able to cause infections with high mortality rates. Rhodotorula infections have been associated with the presence of central venous catheter (CVC), immunosuppression, exposure to antifungals and the presence of either solid or haematologic malignancies. However, in this latter setting, only a few cases have so far been reported.


Abstract : This paper proposes a model of peer tutoring for use in college classrooms. The peer tutor is conceptualized as a coach who guides and shapes students' learning. Three components of peer tutoring are considered: (1) the tutor's attitude toward teaching, (2) tutoring skills such as diagnosing (questioning, listening, and observing), intervening (prompting and clarifying), and evaluating (providing feedback and reinforcement), and (3) the tutor's knowledge of the subject. Thus, this is called the ASK model of peer tutoring. The model represents a synthesis of literature from three theoretical perspectives-behavioral, cognitive, and sociocognitive. Theory and research in these three areas are offered to support the model and its components. Peer tutoring, Training, Expertise, Knowledge engineering, Coaching, Tutoring skills, Attitude, Prior knowledge.


PURPOSE: To make position adjustment to recordings made by a plurality of recording heads execute simply, and to improve quality of image recording by a method wherein slippage in positions of the recording heads is detected in accordance with positions of recording information read by a recording information reading means, and the positions of a plurality of recording heads are adjusted in accordance with the detected slippage in the positions. CONSTITUTION: A pattern P 1 is recorded on a line L 1 with a head for cyan 100C of a first recording head 100, and the recorded pattern is read by a CCD sensor 20. Then the right end of the pattern P 1 is taken in storage in a memory after the recording of the pattern P 1 is finished, and the head is returned to its home position. Then, scanning by a carriage 9 is restarted and the pattern P 2 is recorded on the line L 1 with the head 100C in the same timing as that of the recording of the pattern P 1 , and the recorded pattern is read by the sensor 20. Then, a slippage T 1 made between the lower end of the pattern P 1 in the memory and the upper end of the pattern P 2 is detected. Since the slippage T 1 is equivalent to the amount of tilt of the recording part 100 toward the direction in which a recording material 22 is fed, the recording part 100 is turned in the direction for correcting the slippage T 1 . As the tilt of the recording part 100 can be corrected, tilts and heights of a second and a third recording parts 200 and 300 are corrected too. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


The effectiveness of a 'permanent' marking technique developed for Giant Aldabra tortoises in 1969 is assessed. Eleven to 16 years after tagging, 59% of the marked tortoises on the west and south coasts of the Atoll had lost their tags. Half-life of the tag is estimated to be less than 10 years and, hence, unacceptable given the long time for maturity and long life span of the Giant tortoise. A modification of the tagging technique is required.


aircraft to Europe and infect fellow passengers or even people who simply live near international airports. They can even hide in luggage and infect people some distance from airports. The first case of "baggage malaria" was reported in 1992 in Brescia, Italy, and the American Jfournal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene now reports a second in the same area (1994;50:548-9). The message is, always consider malaria in cases of unexplained fever, wherever the patient may be.


Elite athletes may be as likely as members of the general population to experience mental disorders, and there has recently been a surge of research examining mental health among athletes. This paper provides an overview and commentary of the literature on the mental health of elite athletes and explores how trends within and beyond the field of sport psychology have impacted this literature. Reviewing the contextual influences on this field, namely disorder prevalence, barriers to support seeking, mental toughness, and psychiatric epidemiology, are important to understand the broader picture of mental health research and to further strengthen work undertaken in sport psychology. In addition, appreciating the influence of various contextual factors on athlete mental health research can help to highlight where sport psychology practitioners may focus their attention in order to advance research and applied practice with elite athletes experiencing poor mental health. It is important that researchers consider how they measure mental health, how studies on the mental health of elite athletes are designed, implemented, and evaluated, and how both researchers and practitioners may help to combat athletes' perceptions of stigma surrounding mental health. Considering topics such as these may lead to a deeper understanding of athlete mental health, which may in turn help to inform sport specific policies, applied practice guidelines, and interventions designed to enhance athlete mental health. Lay Summary: Recently, there has been an expansion of research on the mental health of elite athletes. We discuss some factors that have influenced the study of elite athlete mental health and how these factors continue to shape the field. We propose ways that researchers and practitioners may advance work in this area.


The present invention is nano - the self-assembly of size, concentrate and having a structure, their use as a valid suitable carrier for moving the active ingredient in the human body. Nano - self-assembling concentrate size consists aqueous, oil phase, surfactant, from cosolvents and cosurfactants. Formed nano - self-assembled size, it concentrates continuous phase of water having a structure can be in the form of an oil continuous phase or two continuous phases, therefore, their structure and nano - sized self it can also be diluted with any desired degree in either the oil or water, while maintaining the active substances contained in the concentrate with the aggregate structure.


Measurements made in the skin plexuses of teleosts and of Rana have shown that the internode lengths of myelinated fibres may here be shorter than the 'minimum internodal length' previously reported.


The method of underwater active electrolocation is a new method for underwater terminal navigation and locating. In our experiments, the Detect Frequency Dead Zone (DFDZ) and the Frequency Inflection Point (FIP) of the amplitude information-frequency characteristics (AIFC) of the electrolocation system was found. In order to explain those AIFC phenomena. In this paper, based on an ideal electromagnetic field theory, a finite element model of active electrolocation system has been built. But the calculation results show that there is neither DFDZ nor FIP. Inspired by exploration geophysics, those AIFC phenomena may be caused by the IP effect. And a new finite element model of underwater active electrolocation system which is based on Cole-Cole model and the ideal electromagnetic field theory was built. The calculation results of new model demonstrate that the DFDZ and the FIP of AIFC match the experiment results. It is approved that the Cole-Cole model is a mathematical explanation for the DFDZ phenomenon of AIFC in active electrolocation system. This new method of simulation is helpfully for guiding the engineering design of the active electrolocation system.


Cross-stage object similarity is a vital property of generic supervised object detectors, which maintains similar feature responses to the same object across feature maps of different intermediate stages of the backbone network. Since an object can be predicted by multiple stages, this similarity is beneficial for accurate object classification and localization. Inspired by this property, we introduce Cross-stage regional Contrastive Learning (CrossCL) to learn the cross-stage object similarity during the model pre-training. Since labels are unavailable in self-supervised learning, we treat the regions sharing the same position in different stages as the same object and constrain them to have similar feature responses across stages to achieve cross-stage object similarity. The learned feature representations of CrossCL share a similar property with supervised detectors, thus showing strong transfer capability to object detection tasks. Besides, we also provide in-depth discussions, ablation studies, and visualizations to understand better how CrossCL works. Code is available at https://github.com/yanjk3/CrossCL.


It's a new year with new codes and, likely, new payment policies from private and government payers. Is your practice up-to-date?


In order to simulate the performance of chemical looping combustion (CLC) of pure methane in a continuous bubbling fluidized bed process using a NiO-based oxygen carrier under various operating conditions, this study has developed a mathematical model based on the reaction kinetics and population balance of oxygen carrier (OC) particles in each reactor. Proper operating conditions have been discussed for complete combustion of methane. The minimum OC circulation rate for complete combustion was determined with the variation of temperature and fuel bed mass. The methane combustion efficiency was strongly affected by the distribution of OC between the air reactor (AR) and fuel reactor (FR) at a constant temperature, circulation rate of OC, and total bed mass. The range of OC distribution possible to achieve complete combustion became wider with increasing either the temperature or the circulation rate of OC at a constant total bed mass. In tested conditions of a lab-scale process, the range on the OC mass r...


Taking the entire South of Jiangsu area as the planning scope to construct the independent innovation demonstration zone,which is a great strategic decision in the new historical period for implementing innovation driven strategy,developing innovation economy,perfecting regional innovation system,and constructing innovation province in Jiangsu province.The strategic positioning of innovation demonstration zone in south of Jiangsu is to become the pilot area of deepening reform,the lead region of innovation driven,the cluster area of burgeoning industry,the first district of modernization,the edge area of international competition,and the model zone of independent innovation.Transition pressure,innovation benefits,RD advantage,policy support provide multiple powers the construction of independent innovation demonstration zone in south of Jiangsu.It must strengthen institutional innovation and explore the effective development path actively,to achieve the target of the construction of independent innovation demonstration zone in south of Jiangsu.


The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder in the appendix of the updated version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) encourages further research. According to the American Psychiatric Associations the criteria for diagnosis of gaming addiction is based on pathological gambling or the substance dependence. Research suggests that individuals with gaming addiction experience similar symptoms like a substance addict. Online games are more appealing to children and adolescents than the other age groups.  The cause of gaming disorder is not yet fully identified. Most research indicates that the aspects that may be involved are the game's built-in reward system may be the cause of the gaming disorder. Covid 19 has had a major impact on adolescents and children mental health alongside with developmental stress due to lockdown. Studies reports there was an increase in gaming and internet use with Impact on psychosocial wellbeing among Adolescents. Very few studies are focusing on prevention of gaming addiction, therefore it is an urgent need to introduce preventive intervention and treatment for gaming addiction. The relationship with excessive playing of video games and psychological factors are motives to play and individual differences in self-control.


In recent years, the Environment becomes major concern for the human survival across the countries. Now-a-days intellectuals, academicians and environmentalists put their concern at all platforms for betterment of society. A systematic and multidisciplinary approach of mapping, monitoring and controlling the impact caused by the mining activities is necessary so as to understand the character and magnitude of these hazardous events. This paper presents the spatial extent, magnitude and temporal behavior of opencast sandstone mining areas and land use land cover (LU/LC) changes around Jodhpur city, Rajasthan,India due to increasing population and urbanization in the past one decade (2002-2012). Satellite data of IRS-P6, Cartosat and GeoEye was used to carried out the change detection and preparation of GIS based outputs maps of opencast mining areas and Environmental Impact Analysis (EIA) of the study area. The analysis indicates that unscientific and non-mechanized methods in opencast mines pose threat to the environment, life and degradation of nearby land area. Results revealed significant changes in mining areas, LU/LC, vegetation cover and with changes categories like no change, positive change and negative change. Results were also verified using ground truth data.


This paper reviews modelling aspects of Doubly Fed Asynchronous Generators and focuses on the application of a special controller that can introduce damping to interarea oscillations by modulating the active power output of wind generators and can thus replace power system stabilizers of conventional synchronous generator units. The controller is tested on a four-generator system traditionally used for interarea oscillation analysis and stabilizer design and testing and is shown to perform efficiently. The effect of the same controller in increasing system inertia is also verified.


Drone inspection combined with target detection can automatically detect bird nests on power transmission towers. However, the quality of the pictures taken by the drone is low, and the object to be recognized is small, so the recognition effect is not good. In response to this, an end-to-end transmission line tower bird's nest detection model for low-quality images is proposed. Considering the blur of small targets in low-quality images, firstly, a feature pyramid and a path aggregation structure are added between the backbone network and the classification head, and then the channel attention mechanism and the spatial attention mechanism are added to effectively improve ability of the network extraction of small target features. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model outperforms several other commonly used object detection methods in various indicators.


The invention describes a device for emitting or detecting electromagnetic radiation (11o, 11i). The apparatus comprises a first and a second electrode (14a, 14b) which are connected to one another via an electrically conductive nanostructure (12). The electrically conductive nanostructure is designed to receive electrons (16) and holes (18) of the first and second electrode or to transport them to the first and the second electrode. The apparatus further comprises a radiation molecule (22) disposed on a peripheral surface of the electrically conductive nanostructure (12). The radiation molecule (22) is configured to receive the electrons and holes, or electromagnetic radiation (11i) and the electromagnetic radiation (11o) to emit at a recombination of electrons taken and recorded holes or based on the received electromagnetic radiation (11i), electrons and holes to emit. The electrically conductive nanostructure (12) is at one of the first or second electrode (14a, 14b) arranged end in the area (26a, 26b) at least partially enclosed a peripheral surface of the electrically conductive nanostructure from the first or second electrode to an electrical contact provide the first or second electrode and the electrically conductive nanostructure.


Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of pole dance fitness to the present day and its future inclusion as a sport modality. The pole dance fitness corresponds to a sports modality concretized by means of gymnastic movements in vertical mast. The purpose of this study was to show the reasons why women and men seek Pole Dance Fitness as a daily practice and describe how regular practitioners perceive the inclusion of Pole Dance Fitness as a future sports and Olympic modality. The methodology adopted was the review of literature and field research with the adoption of a questionnaire for qualitative analysis, and it is classified as an exploratory research that intends to know the subject and to deepen existing knowledge. The study population analyzed refers to regular practitioners of the modality being our sample of a total of four adults, being two men and two women practicing Pole Dance Fitness. The results of the study indicate that the practice of Pole Dance for informants has contributed to several benefits related to health, well-being and better physical conditioning. Although the practice of Pole Dance has evolved, there is still a lot of prejudice, especially in relation to practicing men, but several people perceive it as a serious sport that must be recognized and achieve visibility in the sporting and Olympic context. It is concluded that the practice of pole dance promotes a better quality of life and also contributes to better physical fitness.


This study aims to know: (1) difference KPS assessed by student through peer assessment and teacher on guided inquiry learning; (2) difference KPS assessed by student through peer assessment and teacher on direct instruction; (3) interaction between assessor of KPS with learning model. Based on the study, data gathered in KPS assessed by student of peer assessment and teacher. The analysis results showed that the data distributed normally and homogeneously. The results of the study showed that: (1) there was difference KPS assessed by student through peer assessment and teacher on guided inquiry learning; (2) there was difference KPS assessed by student through peer assessment and teacher on direct instruction; (3) there was no interaction between assessor of KPS with learning model. Kata kunci:  KPS, pembelajaran langsung, penilaian sejawat


This research work used Musa Paradisiaca (banana) peels as a natural solvent, assorted with the precursor AgNO3 (10 mM) to perform the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The phytochemical components present in the Musa Paradisiaca peel extracts were determined by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS), and it was possible to identify the compounds: 1.2 Ethanediol (60.0261 %) and 2.3 Butanediol (11.2 %); these -diols represent a highly reducing agent for metals, since they act as a solvent for the metal precursor behaving as a reducing agent, and facilitating the formation of nanoparticles. Likewise, the synthesized silver nanoparticles were subjected to a washing and drying treatment to be subsequently characterized by means of UV-Vis and XRD techniques, resulting in a wavelength of 411 nm, which is characteristic of these metallic nanoparticles, and achieving the identification of the face-centered cubic structure (fcc) of the metallic silver, with an average particle size of 21.8 nm according to the Debye-Scherrer equation.


Recently, the authors proposed a continuous spreading method for thin strips by cross rolling. This method employs a flat platen and an idle tapered roll moving over the material width. So the continuous widening of strip width could be virtually realized by repetition of material feeding in the longitudinal direction and reducing thickness between a platen and a roll. It is also aimed to control textures or lower the anisotropy of sheets by changing strain path during deformation. A commercial pure aluminum sheets were used to investigate the mechanical properties, microstructures and textures of the materials fabricated by the above method. The influence of three different angles of tapered rolls on texture evolution was especially focused. As a result, the rotation of orientations from the as-received texture is enhanced by smaller roll taper angle and higher reduction in the rolling textures of the as-rolled sheets. Conversely, the asymmetry of the texture around TD-axis particularly evolves in the case of higher reduction and larger taper angle of roll. In the recrystallization textures, Cube orientation strongly dominates in the cases of larger taper angle. The rolling conditions are optimized to obtain the sheet with smaller planar anisotropy.


Digital radiographs of long large objects such as water pipelines, show radiation images which have poor contrast and low signal to noise ratio, especially in the strongly attenuated areas. The examination of the whole objects will spend much time. So, how to shorten the examination time and improve the contrast and signal to noise ratio of radiation images, is the essential problems. The images reconstructed by only a few projective images in digital Tomosynthesis, have a sensible improvement of signal to noise ratio and contrast, compared with digital radiographic images. This will be helpful to the nondestructive testing of the large objects, Therefore, the application of digital Tomosynthesis to the CT nondestructive testing of large objects will effectively improve the Examination efficiency and image quality. Firstly employ digital Tomosynthesis to obtain the axial images of large objects, for the sake of locating the suspicious defects. After indicating the ROIs of defects, radial images will be reconstructed by CT reconstruction methods. Thus the 3D regions of the defects will be rapidly located by the integration of digital Tomosynthesis and CT.


The Raman shift is a characteristic property of a molecule, and the intensity of Raman scattering is proportional to the density of the molecule. Therefore, gas sensing using Raman scattering is able to identify gases and detect densities simultaneously. The hydrogen molecule does not have absorption bands from the near ultraviolet to near infrared that can be used for optical detection using absorption, but the hydrogen molecule exhibits a strong Raman effect, so Raman scattering is a suitable method for hydrogen gas leakage detection. In this paper, experimental works on laser remote sensing of hydrogen gas using Raman scattering, which can measure hydrogen gas up to a distance of a few to dozens of meters in outdoor conditions, are presented.


This paper aims to develop a method of noise reduction for cooling fans fitted to the 4000 class locomotives. Particular attention was given to eliminating the noise at its source. The source of the noise from fans is directly proportional to the blade bypass frequency. Due to the turbulence created at the blade tip, this is where the majority of noise is generated. The effect of directing air away from the fan blade tip at the inlet was tested. Methods of testing of cooling fans were devised in order to quantify the noise reduction achieved by different modifications. It was found that by reducing the amount of air passing across the fastest moving part of the blade, the noise level could be reduced to within allowable limit of 85 dB(A). Modifications put forward in this study can be implemented during the routine maintenance of the locomotives.


Polyurethane ( PU ) elastomers with low hard segment content was synthesized using 1 , 4 - Bis ( isocyanatomethyl ) cyclohexane (1 , 4 - H 6 XDI ) , which induces aggregation and crystallization of hard segment. 1 , 4 - butanediol ( BD ) , 1 , 5 - pentanediol ( PD ) , 1 , 4 - butanedithiol ( BDT ) , 1 , 5 - pentanedithiol ( PDT ) were used as chain extenders. Poly ( oxytetramethylene ) glycol ( PTMG, M n = 1 , 800 . ( consistent with Fig. 1 )) was used as a polyol. BD - and BDT - based PU and PTU. ( consistent with Section 3) exhibited higher degree of microphase separation in comparison with PD - and PDT - based PU and PTU. ( consistent with Section 3) . Though dithiol based PUT. ( consistent with Section 3) exhibited higher degree of microphase separation than diol - based PU, mechanical properties are almost the same. This is because the low crystallinity of hard segment phase with dithiol. ,


Analysis of the bat's reactions to relevant target echoes enables us to directly assess biosonar performance. Here, we recorded the sonar broadcast and its echoes the bat received during flight by using an on-board telemetry microphone (Telemike) mounted on the bat's back. Telemike recordings confirmed that flying bats adjust the amplitude and frequency of their sonar broadcasts to compensate for increases in echo amplitude and for Doppler-shifts. For insect capturing, the bat exhibited Doppler-shift compensation for echoes from the static target ahead, but not for echoes from the target moth even though the flying bat attended to the moth for capture. Positive and negative Doppler shifts (acoustic glints) caused by insect fluttering were observed in the constant-frequency component of observed echoes, which synchronized with wingbeat cycle of the moth. Combined frequency and amplitude compensation for the static target may be advantageous for detection of acoustic glints of target prey. We also construct...


The present paper tries to bring a certain degree of clarity to the cryptocurrencies puzzle by discussing the existing definitions and some classifications identified by academic studies. Further, it investigate, based on various academic studies, the uses of cryptocurrencies and their potential role as alternative money. The regulations regarding the cryptocurrencies are also considered since the spreading of the cryptocurrency phenomenon and the risks associated with the use of cryptocurrencies in various capacities raise problems related to (small) investor protection and anti-money laundering. Key words: cryptocurrencies, medium of exchange, assets, regulations JEL Classification: E49; E59


A dynamics inversion compensation scheme is designed for control of nonlinear discrete-time systems with input backlash. This paper extends the dynamic inversion technique to discrete-time systems by using a filtered prediction, and shows how to use a neural network (NN) for inverting the backlash nonlinearity in the feedforward path. The technique provides a general procedure for using NN to determine the dynamics preinverse of an invertible discrete time dynamical system. A discrete-time tuning algorithm is given for the NN weights so that the backlash compensation scheme guarantees bounded tracking and backlash errors, and also bounded parameter estimates. A rigorous proof of stability and performance is given and a simulation example verifies performance. Unlike standard discrete-time adaptive control techniques, no certainty equivalence (CE) or linear-in-the-parameters (LIP) assumptions are needed.


Currently,the moral belief crisis during the period of social transition in China hampers the development of socialist material civilization,political civilization and spiritual civilization.Remodeling moral beliefs has become the key to the construction of socialist value system and harmonious culture.By vigorously strengthening economic restructuring,developing socialist market economy,advancing political restructuring,intensifying moral control mechanism and improving moral education,the remodeling of moral belief can be achieved and the social moral progress and socialist cultural development can also be promoted.


INTRODUCTION. At present, there is an urgent need to develop modern rehabilitation programs for COVID-19 patients with long-lasting residual symptoms of the disease, primarily from the cardiopulmonary system.
AIM. To assess the impact of a comprehensive medical rehabilitation program using virtual reality technologies, robotic mechanotherapy with biofeedback and interactive balance therapy on the severity of hypoxic syndrome, shortness of breath and cardiovascular activity in patients who have undergone COVID-19 and have manifestations of post-COVID syndrome (long COVID).
MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study sample consisted of 120 patients aged 40 to 70 years who had suffered COVID-19 within 16 months prior to inclusion in the study and had manifestations of SPCN, who were randomized into 2 groups. In the main group (n = 60), a new complex of medical rehabilitation was prescribed against the background of basic treatment: 1) sessions on the robotic biofeedback simulator for lower limb muscle training Con-Trex, #10; 2) balance therapy (sensorimotor training) using the biofeedback simulator Stabilan 012, #10; 3) training on the rehabilitation interactive markerless system with virtual reality technology Nirvana, #10. In the control group (n = 60) patients received only basic treatment: 1) a special complex of therapeutic gymnastics performed in the hall with a physical therapy instructor, № 10; 2) low-intensity laser radiation, № 10; 3) speleo-exposure, № 10; 4) medical massage on the chest area, № 10. Research methods included clinical examination, anamnesis collection and cardiopulmonary testing and assessment of dyspnea severity before the beginning of rehabilitation and immediately after its completion.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. In the period from 1 to 6 months after COVID-19, 90.0 % of patients had dyspnea, as well as a decrease in peak oxygen consumption and high values of heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) at peak exercise. The application of a new complex of medical rehabilitation in patients with post-COVID disorder syndrome contributed to a more significant, than in the standard method of rehabilitation, increase in cardiorespiratory endurance, which is manifested in the increase in the maximum work performed by 12.9 % and oxygen consumption of the first ventilation threshold by 6.3 % and in the decrease in diastolic BP at peak load by an average of 7 mm Hg. hg according to cardiopulmonary testing, as well as an increase in the proportion of patients with mild (up to 60.0 %) or no dyspnoea (up to 26 %) and a decrease in the number of patients with moderate dyspnoea (up to 13.3 %), severe and very severe dyspnoea (up to 0 %). Most of the authors in their studies also note a high frequency of shortness of breath, along with such manifestations of post- COVID-19 syndrome as general weakness, poor exercise tolerance.
CONCLUSION. A new comprehensive medical rehabilitation program using virtual reality technologies, robotic mechanotherapy with biofeedback and interactive balance therapy are recommended to reduce the severity of hypoxic syndrome and dyspnea and improve cardiovascular performance in patients with post-COVID syndrome.


At the time of designing activities to promote reading comprehension in an ESP context, specialist teachers have to deal with a variety of difficulties. On the one hand, teachers need to find texts suitable for the discipline to approach, in this case, for each Bachelor Degree course offered by the School of Humanities at UNICEN  by its Spanish acronym. On the other hand, they should use the ESP text without manipulating either its format or its content. In order to provide another perspective, this paper was aimed at verifying whether Bloom's Taxonomy could successfully support the design of reading comprehension activities.


Glaze decorated sheet manufacturing method and its use in the ceramic industry. The invention relates to a new material that can encompass any type of surface finish, having the feature that provide for decoration of ceramic products, both base enamel decoration. In the composition of the film are involved mixed frit and natural raw materials and / or synthetic, of controlled particle size, together with additives necessary for the correct formation of the sheet. The invention also describes the manufacturing process of the sheet. These sheets are used to decorate and / or unglazed ceramic objects in their preparation should suffer temperatures between 1000- 1250.


The kinetic energy release for methyl loss from the molecular ion of 2-methylpentane increases c. twofold over the time-range 1–15 μs. This result from a mixture of secondary and tertiary pentyl cations. The appearance energy showed that at threshold (and long times) only tertiary ions are formed. The molecular ion of 2-methylhexane produces tertiary hexyl ions by loss of methyl at threshold, but in the μs time-frame only secondary hexyl ions appear to be formed, because the kinetic energy release is small and independent of the observation time.


The protonation equilibria for nine hydroxamic acids in solutions have been studied pH-potentiometrically via a modified Irving and Rossotti technique. The dissociation constants (pKa values) of hydroxamic acids and the thermodynamic functions (ΔG°, ΔH°, ΔS°, and δ) for the successive and overall protonation processes of hydroxamic acids have been derived at different temperatures in water and in three different mixtures of water and dioxane (the mole fractions of dioxane were 0.083, 0.174, and 0.33). Titrations were also carried out in water ionic strengths of (0.15, 0.20, and 0.25) mol dm-3 NaNO3, and the resulting dissociation constants are reported. A detailed thermodynamic analysis of the effects of organic solvent (dioxane), temperature, and ionic strength on the protonation processes of hydroxamic acids is presented and discussed to determine the factors which control these processes.


We have demonstrated a type I phase-matched KNbO3 optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by the fundamental of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The wavelengths of the OPO's signal and idler radiation are tuned continuously in the spectral regions of 1.45–2.01 and 2.27–4.0 μm, respectively. With a 7.8-mm-long crystal the energy density at threshold is 65 MW cm−2 for 9-ns-long laser pulses and a transmission of the outcoupling cavity mirror of 10%. At pump pulse energies of 82 mJ (two times above threshold) the OPO generates pulses of up to 6 mJ at the signal wave and 5.4 mJ at the idler wave. This output corresponds to a total conversion efficiency of 14%. The measured spectral width of the signal wave increases from 2.5 nm (at 1.56 μm) to more than 30 nm (at 1.97 μm). Injection seeding with the idler radiation of a 355-nm-pumped narrow-band β-barium borate OPO reduced the spectral width of the KNbO3 OPO output to a single longitudinal mode.


Heavy snowfall occurs every year in orographic areas of Japan facing the Japan Sea. The riming growth process contributing to the formation of snowfall was studied by radar and microphysical analyses. The observational results can be summarized as follows. Radar analyses showed that snow clouds which formed over the Japan Sea moved from the sea toward the land, and changed from the developing stage to the mature stage and then to the dissipating stage as they moved inland. When the clouds reached an orographic area, they developed again due to topographic updraft. The microphysical measurements showed that rime mass increased with an increase in snowfall intensity, and with an increase in wind speed when the mass flux of ice crystals was subtracted. Besides, it was supposed from the figure of wind speed vs. riming proportion relationship that rime mass increased with an increase in wind speed even if the advection effect of cloud droplets is subtracted. These indicate in the case of a strong wind that falling ice crystals can wash out many cloud droplets in clouds where cloud droplets increased, resulting in a snowfall of high riming proportion and high intensity. Thus, the riming growth process contributes significantly to the formation of orographic snowfall. The observational results also showed that the deposition and aggregation growth processes contributed to the formation of orographic snowfall. It was shown that the liquid water content in snow clouds depends on not only the production rates of clond droplets due to topography-induced updraft, but also the mass flux of ice crystals in clouds. The observational results showed that two cases in which there are only a small mass flux of ice crystals, as compared with the amounts of cloud droplets, have a high potential for artificial seeding experiments.


Attenuation of ultrasonic waves between 0.5 and 1.8 GHz and at 9 GHz has been measured in GdAlO3 when the magnetic field is applied parallel or perpendicular to the easy axis, up to field values high enough to reach the paramagnetic phase. The results are explained, in all the examined cases, in terms of magnon-phonon resonant coupling originated in the single-ion magnetostriction. The orders of magnitude of the measured attenuation are compatible with the values of previously determined magnetoelastic coupling constants. The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the measurements at different frequencies and allow the determination of the inplane anisotropy (HA1 ~ 400 G) and the spin-wave relaxation time in the different phases LE JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE TOME 35, JANVIER 1974, PAGE Classification Physics Abstracts 17.60 17.68 03.40


This paper reveals that visible light irradiation with Ru(phen)(3)Cl-3 as photocatalyst can induce ethyl 2-(N-arylcarbamoyl)-2-chloroiminoacetates to undergo N Cl cleavage to give alpha-(aminocarbonyl)iminyl radicals under an argon atmosphere. The subsequent cyclization of the thus formed iminyl radicals affords quinoxalin-2(1H)-one products in good yield in the presence of an inorganic base such as Na2CO3. The reactions proceeded very well even without using a photocatalyst when DMF was used as the solvent. These protocols provide a new, simple method for the generation of iminyl radicals, and the reactions described herein constitute an efficient method for the synthesis of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives.


PURPOSE
This study examined the validity of medical-record-based nursing assessment and monitoring of signs and symptoms (nursing surveillance) in predicting patients who were admitted to ICUs and those admitted to non-ICUs. The association of this assessment and monitoring with differences in an intermediate patient outcome, instability at discharge, was also explored. Patients admitted to either setting with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, congestive heart failure, or pneumonia, were included in the study.

METHOD
A secondary analysis was carried out using a subset of data originally collected for a quality-of-care study. Data from the medical records of 11,246 patients (52% female, 48% male) with a mean age of 76.4 years were used in the present study.

RESULTS
ICU patients (n = 3969) were found to have a longer length of stay and to be sicker on admission than non-ICU patients (n = 7277). Overall, patients in the ICU received significantly higher nursing assessment and monitoring of signs and symptoms scores than non-ICU patients. Nursing assessment and monitoring of signs and symptoms scores were lower for patients discharged with greater instability for three of the four diseases (cerebrovascular accidents, congestive heart failure, and pneumonia).


Background: Hemidesmus indicus (HI) (Asclepiadaceae), commonly called as Indian Sarsaparilla is traditionally used for blood purification and to treat cardiovascular diseases. The present study is aimed to investigate the (i) anti-inflammatory, (ii) anti-hyperlipidemic, effect of alcoholic and water extracts of HI roots (HIAE and HIWE) using LPS/PMA induced human monocytic (THP-1) cells and high fat diet fed male Wistar rats respectively. Methods: The phytochemical analysis of HIAE and HIWE was done using LC-Q-TOF-MS. Cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was tested by MTT assay. The anti-inflammatory effect of alcoholic and water extracts of HI roots was assayed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phorbol-12-myristate13-acetate (PMA) induced THP-1 cells. The study was performed by assaying the following markers: tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) secretion by ELISA, gene expression of proinflammatory markers by q-RT-PCR, translocation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) by confocol microscopy. Macrophage differentiation markers were also studied by q-RT-PCR. Further anti-hyperlipidemic effect was studied by testing serum lipid profile in high fat diet fed male Wistar rats. Results: Dosage of the plant extracts limited based on cytotoxicity, there was no cell death at 1 mg dwt/mL of HIAE and HIWE. The plant extracts significantly inhibiting the gene expression of LPS induced proinflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6 and MIP-1α) and also secretion of TNF-α protein. The extracts also inhibited the translocation of NF-κB-p65 to the nuclei in LPS induced THP-1 cells. Extracts inhibited PMA induced differentiation of monocytes to macrophages, gene transcripts of CD14 and TLR2, however, there was no significant effect on TLR4 transcripts. Further, the study demonstrated anti-hyperlipidemic activity of HI root extracts (at 200 mg/kg body weight/day), treatments not only inhibited high fat diet induced serum lipid markers (total triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol but also maintained good cholesterol, HDL. Conclusion: The present study for the first time demonstrated anti-inflammatory (In vitro) and antihyperlipidemic (In vivo) effect of HI roots extracts supporting its traditional use for cardioprotective benefits.


The New Testament discussions of divorce, both in Matthew 19 and elsewhere, are dominated by a distinction between Permission and Obligation. It is generally assumed that the debate arises from a 'presupposition' of divorce in Deuteronomy 24. An improved syntactic analysis of the Old Testament text shows Moses to have in fact issued a specific directive on divorce, but in such a way that it was open to the kind of misunderstanding that we see corrected by Jesus. This analysis is supported by all the New Testament texts. By applying the categories of linguistic modality to main-clause verbs, verbs of reporting, verbs of divorcing and conditional clauses, it is possible to shed more light on how Jesus and the Pharisees dealt with the Old Testament text, and to show just what was wrong with the Pharisees' understanding of Hebrew grammar.


236. The church, Francis writes, 'is a polyhedron, which reflects the convergence of all its parts, each of which preserves its distinctiveness.' The ongoing relationship that is mercy, which is at the heart of the church, implies that the church must be a process, rather than a fixed entity. In the end, this book is a 'call to citizenship and a call for a culture of engagement and encounter, in light of what the pontificate of Pope Francis says about the legacy of Vatican II and the role of the Catholic Church today' (p. 151). This invitation is all the more important in light of current geo-political trends. I would argue that it foreseeable that the Catholic Church—both universal and local—may have to take a stance on defending democracy. An ambiguous relationship to pluralistic democracy, aligned to a narrow ecclesiology, may mean that the church will miss that critical moment. If that were to happen, it won't be the first time the Church would have been found wanting. Faggioli's work is to be commended. This is an approachable book that makes an important contribution to a vital question.


Visual research methods continue to be explored as a viable tool within community development, particularly amongst advocates for participatory approaches. It is widely agreed that visual research methods can assist participants in externalizing abstract concepts and create spaces for reflective dialogue. However, these methods are frequently used across the sector with little theorizing or critical reflection. Moreover, visual research methods and participatory processes are often conflated. There is also an assumption that visual research methods, particularly when used in development contexts, can disrupt power structures. This research draws on a case study from Papua New Guinea (PNG) to modestly challenge this assumption and, in doing so, argues for more critical and reflexive practice across community development. The article critically analyses a workshop held in rural PNG in 2013 that employed a visual multimethod approach. The workshop took place over four days with the aim of creating a local community development plan. Perhaps unsurprisingly, we found that while the visual research methods used in PNG demonstrated evidence of shifting some power structures, this was not necessarily because of the method or methods themselves, and was actually more closely linked to the locale in which we facilitated the method(s).


2 Abstract: Archidendron jiringa (Jack) Nielsen is a leguminous tree plant belonging to the family of Fabaceae. A. jiringa has been commonly used in traditional medicine for a range of ailments and is consumed as raw vegetable in Malaysia. In order to provide comprehensive overview of this plant, this review will summarize the current state of knowledge that is available on the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of A. jiringa. Moreover, this review will provide a basis platform for future research and commercial exploitations of the plant.


[1] Temperature measurements from the Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere (CRISTA) experiment taken during the U.S. Space Shuttle mission STS-66 in November 1994 provide a variety of zonally symmetric and asymmetric tidal signatures in the altitude range from 40–90 km. The most prominent zonally asymmetric tidal pattern is identified to be the westward propagating nonmigrating diurnal tide of zonal wavenumber 2 (s = −2). This mode has an amplitude of approximately half the amplitude of the migrating (s = −1) component of the diurnal tide. The observational findings are compared to model results from the Global Scale Wave Model (GSWM) and from the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIME-GCM). GSWM and TIME-GCM account for different tidal sources and therefore allow an analysis of the tidal forcing responsible for the observed signatures. The GSWM tidal forcing in the model version used is based upon latent heat release associated with tropical deep convection while nonmigrating tides in the TIME-GCM are predominantly forced by nonlinear interactions between the migrating diurnal tide and stationary planetary waves. It is shown that the latter mechanism forces a large part of the s = −2 mode while the stationary, zonally uniform (s = 0) diurnal nonmigrating tide is mainly driven by latent heat release. This result suggests that dynamical models for the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) region need to account for the tropospheric latent heat source and stationary planetary wave activity in order to predict realistic longitudinal diurnal tidal variability.


One of the biggest issues in the study of language acquisition is to explain why children produce non-adult-like utterances, or why certain constructions develop at a certain time despite the existence of early knowledge. This paper explores and provides supporting evidence to a possible role of linguistic maturation as an answer to the question by presenting a case where a certain delay/error in children's language use is due to maturational factors. Particularly, I argue that the wide-spread error in children's production of short-form negation in Korean known as an misplacement results from a single additional constraint on children's grammar, which will cease to function at a later stage in child's maturational development. The present analysis also supports early knowledge by demonstrating that a correlation between the an misplacement error and the use of case marking in children's utterances at this stage suggests that children between the age of 2 and 3 already know all the relevant morphological and syntactic aspects of Accusative case assignment in Korean.


Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) can be generated from somatic cells by ectopic expression of Yamanaka factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc) or combination of other factors. Genetic alteration of fibroblasts exhibits an effect on reprogramming efficiency through multiple signaling pathways, including epigenetic modifications, metabolic shifts, Mesenchymal-To-Epithelial Transition (MET) and cell proliferation. In order to better understand the underlying mechanisms in cell fate determination, in this review we will summarize several genetic alterations involved in the regulation of reprogramming fibroblasts into iPSCs.


How to determine the optimal weighting factor is a problem that is worth of further study in the weighted track-to-track fusion.The concept of track quality with multiple model(TQMM) was put forward,and a weighted track-to-track fusion algorithm with feedback was presented to solve the problem of the optimal allocation of weights when multi-sensor tracks the same target.The feedback mechanism was introduced into fusion system,and the weights were determined using TQMM,so that the fusion system can update the weights accurately,and track the target effectively in real time.Experimental results show that the algorithm has a better tracking performance compared with the existing weighted fusion algorithm,especially in the fusion system in which the measurement accuracy of sensors has a large difference.With the increase of the number of sensors,tracking precision of the fusion system is improved gradually.However,when sensor is increased to a certain number,fusion accuracy has no longer a significant improvement.


We propose a scheme to realize the optimal 1 → 2 universal quantum cloning (UQC) in 2-dimension with superconducting quantum-interference device (SQUID) qubits in a microwave cavity. In our scheme, three-SQUIDs are fixed in a microwave cavity via a Raman transition for their manipulation. Using this method, no transfer of quantum information between the SQUIDs and the cavity is required, the cavity field is only virtually excited and thus the cavity decay is suppressed during the cloning process. Furthermore, our scheme only requires using the two lower flux states of the SQUID system and the excited state is not excited. So the effect of decoherence based on the levels of the SQUID system is possible to minimize.