The simulation of a LiBr-H2O absorber using a porous fiber for the heat and mass transfer between the liquid solution and the refrigerant vapour is considered. Heat and mass transfer processes are modeled by means of selected correlations and data gathered from the open literature. For the case considered in this study, the absorber channels are 5 cm length. We evaluate the ratio between the volume of the absorber and the cooling capacity in a complete chiller, producing a reduction in size in the order of 1.5 times the usual values found in falling film absorption using conventional shell and tubes heat exchangers. The simulated membrane absorber is integrated in a single effect lithium bromide–water absorption chiller which performance is evaluated. The variable parameters are the external driving temperatures: final temperature in the desorber, the cooling temperature of the external fluid in the absorber and the condenser and the evaporating temperature. The coefficient of performance (COP) obtained varies from 0.5 to 0.8 for cooling duties ranging between 4 W and 7 W. The chiller response to different circulated solution mass flow rates is also presented. INTRODUCTION The interest for small-scale absorption chillers in buildings and dwellings air-conditioning appliances has increased in the last years, coupled with the use of solar thermal systems as a way to reduce the electricity consumption in these applications. The absorber is one of the most performance limiting and volume demanding components of this kind of technology. The main challenge in designing and operating these devices is to maximize the mass transfer rate by getting as much interfacial area as possible, minimizing the overall size. This can be achieved using membrane contactors in microchannel heat exchangers. This new technology has already been considered for LiBr-H2O and H2O-NH3 solution-refrigerant pairs. A review of membrane contactors applied in absorption refrigeration systems has been presented by Asfand and Bourouis [1]. In the present investigation, the LiBr-H2O solution has been considered. NOMENCLATURE A [m2] Area cP [kJ/kgK] Specific heat De [m2/s] Diffusion term e [m] Thickness h [W/m2K] Convective heat transfer coefficient i [kJ/kg] Specific enthalpy J [kg/m2s] Absorption rate K [m/s] Mass transfer coefficient k [W/mK] Thermal conductivity l [m] Width M [kg/mol] Molecular weight m [kg/s] Mass flow rate P [Pa] Pressure q [W] Thermal power R [Pa.m2s/kg] Mass transfer resistance T [oC] Temperature U [W/m2oC] Global heat transfer coefficient Special characters  [kg/m3] Density Subscripts b Solution boundary layer cw Cooling water lv Liquid-vapour m Membrane ov Overall s Solution sat Saturation v Vapour va Absorbed vapour Membrane based absorbers use a microporous polymeric membrane at the solution-refrigerant vapour interface. Compared with conventional absorption devices there are several advantages of using microporous fiber modules for vapour absorption. These include larger interfacial area per unit volume, independent control of vapour and liquid flow rates, easier scale up, modular design and compactness. Isfahani and Moghaddam [2] experimentally tested a microchannel absorber using a nanofibrous membrane, while Yu et al. [3] showed with a numerical simulation that several folds of enhancement in the absorption rate can be achieved with respect to conventional absorbers. 13th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics


Goodyera pendula Maxim., a neglected species to the Flora of Taiwan, is described and illustrated here. Goodyera pendula Maxim. is rare and the specimen presently is known only from the mountain forest near Shih-yuan-ya-kou (at 1800-1900 m elevation), a spot in the northern part of the Central Mountain Range of Taiwan. It is distinguishable from the other 19 indigenous species in Taiwan by the stem 3-5 cm long; flowers many, one-sided, in dense spikes, spikes 4-6 cm long; sepals 3-4 mm long, narrowly ovate, sub-obtuse at apex; and leaves broadly lanceolate to ovate.


Although it appears as a standard 16-b Type II PC card, this is a full-featured protocol analyzer that helps Bluetooth developers quickly analyze piconet performance.


Cyanide is a virulent substance which does enormous harm to human beings and other creatures.It even endangers their lives.On the other hand,cyanide is an indispensable substance in the field of coal chemical industry.Consequently,wastewater containing cyanide is produced.Thus,treatment of wastewater containing cyanide in coal chemical industry has become an important issue.Sodium hypochlorite is highly oxidable,which has a good effect on treatment of low concentration wastewater containing cyanide.


Data from Food and Agriculture Organization indicate the worrying scenario of severe food insecurity in the world and the contrasting high prevalence of obesity (13% of the world adult population) in both developing and developed countries. Sustainable agri- culture systems with increased inclusion of grain legume species and the boosting of public awareness about legume importance on diet should be a priority issue to eradicate malnutrition and promote public health. However, grain legume production and consumption are in constant state of decline, especially in the European Union. Assigned as the "poor man's meat", "promoters of flatulence", or incorrectly classified as "starchy foods", grain legumes have a negative image in modern societies. In fact, legumes repre- sent an important source of protein, fiber, vitamins (e.g. folate) and minerals (e.g. mag -nesium). Moreover, legumes are rich in bioactive compounds (e.g. phenolic compounds, protease and α-amylase inhibitors) acting as a "double-edged sword" in human health. They may impair nutrients availability exerting at the same time beneficial biological activities in lipid profile, inflammation, glycaemia and weight. The present chapter is focused on the advantages of a legume-rich diet for health promotion at a global scale, reviewing legume nutritional and bioactive compounds, with particular emphasis on common bean.


This article aims to focus in students' perspective, enriching the analysis of school conflict, which has been basically studied from the teachers' adult perspective. A survey comprising 42 school conflict situations (related to the school system, conflicts among peers, and conflicts among teachers and students) was provided to 452 students of the Secondary Compulsory Education to analyse their perception on the frequency of conflicts in the school, as well as their emotional reactions when living and observing them. Descriptive statistics and contrast tests were carried out. Conflict frequency was shown to be low-medium. Conflicts related to the school system are significantly the most frequent, and conflicts among students and teachers the least. Conflicts among peers and among teachers and students are showing a significantly more negative reaction. These variables were also analyzed depending on the course and the participants' gender. As the course was progressing a rising pattern was shown for school system conflicts, and conflicts among teachers and students. Emotional reactions were also on the rise for conflicts among teachers and students, and on the decrease for conflicts related to the school system. Boys and girls showed a similar conflict frequency, but girls were significantly more emotional when living conflicts among peers, and boys, in turn, when involved in school system conflicts. Girls were always more emotional observing other people's conflicts. Furthermore, these results out stand teenagers' discrepancies with teachers' perspective as well as their rejection towards teachers' rules, and sabotage of the school system, pointing out the need to build school rules shared by both teachers and students as a reminder of special adolescence opposition to adult authority.


The distribution of genetic variation in Texas stream fishes has been shaped by a complex mix of historical and anthropogenic factors. Although Texas was not glaciated during the Pleistocene, the rise in sea level following this epoch isolated formerly connected drainages. More recently, the construction of dams, modifications of stream systems, and the release of commercially raised fish have influenced the patterns of genetic diversity. To examine how these different factors have impacted Texas stream fishes, we compared the genetic structure of five species of fish spanning two families and inhabiting two adjacent drainages: Lepomis megalotis, Lepomis cyanellus, Cyprinella lutrensis, Cyprinella venusta, and Campostoma anomalum. Our analyses of the mitochondrial D-Loop show that genetic patterns differ strongly across species. A phylogeographical split between the Brazos and Trinity drainages was seen in conspecific populations of Lepomis species and is probably the result of the historical separation of these river systems. In contrast, contemporary ecological and anthropogenic factors, such as the desiccation of streams during summer, and the translocation of bait fish, appear to have a stronger influence on the genetic patterns in the remaining species. The contrasting results demonstrate the importance of using a multi-species, comparative approach for landscape genetic studies as single species patterns may not be representative of others and thus may obscure differential effects of historical versus recent events as well as natural versus anthropogenic forces. By comparing closely related species that differ in their life history and economic importance it may be possible to disentangle the relative roles of historical, intrinsic, and anthropogenic influences on different organisms within a region. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.


Objective : As a great number of higher schools in Poland are financed from public resources, there arises a question about the adequacy of those schools' inputs to the obtained outputs. The aim of this paper is to examine the technical efficiency of 27 state higher vocational schools in Poland. Research DesignM DEA; efficiency; higher education JEL codes: I23, C14


Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia worldwide found in older people, in Ecuador about 70% of people with dementia suffer from it. It can be caused by various factors but is mainly due to aging and variations of the apoE gene. It presents three alleles (E2, E3, E4) that will give rise to six different genotypes, which code for apolipoprotein E (APOE). Depending on the genotype, APOE will regulate the lipids differently, in the brain its irregular functioning can cause different dementia pathologies, mainly Alzheimer. In the present study, the genotypic and allelic frequency of the apoE gene was determined in the population of the Ecuadorian sierra. For this study was established a population sample of 110 individuals with advanced ages, conformed by a group of Alzheimer's patients and a control group without the disease. Different molecular biology techniques were used to determine the genotype presented by each individual. Statistical tests were used to analyze the different genotypic and allelic frequencies associated with Alzheimer's disease in the study population. It was observed that there is a greater frequency of the E3/E3 genotype in both groups, indicating that it is not associated to the pathology. Similarly, the E3 allele was found to be the most frequent while E2 was the least observed. It was also observed that the major risk factors are the E2 and E4 alleles, so that individuals from the population of the Ecuadorian sierra who own them may be more susceptible to Alzheimer's disease.


Abstract : Field trials using a man-portable Geonics, Ltd., EM31 electromagnetic induction sounding instrument, with a plug-in data processing module, for the remote measurement of sea ice thickness, are discussed. The processing module was made by Flow Research Inc., to directly measure sea ice thickness and show the result in a numerical display. The EM31-processing module system was capable of estimating ice thickness within 10% of the true value for ice from about 0.7 to 3.5 m thick, the oldest undeformed ice in the study area. However, since seawater under the Arctic pack ice has a relatively uniform conductivity (2.5 + or - 0.05 S/m), a simplified method, which can be used for estimating sea ice thickness using jet an EM31 instrument, is discussed. It uses only the EM31's conductivity measurement, is easy to put into use and does not rely on theoretically derived look-up tables or phasor diagrams, which may not be accurate for the conditions of the area.


In this paper we look at the Steampunk movement and consider is relevance as a design strategy for HCI and interaction design. Based on a study of online practices of Steampunk, we consider how, as a design fiction, Steampunk provides an explicit model for how to physically realize an ideological and imagined world through design practice. We contend that the practices of DIY and appropriation that are evident in Steampunk design provide a useful set of design strategies and implications for HCI.


The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its sublineages show pronounced viral escape from neutralizing antibodies elicited by vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 variant infection owing to over 30 amino acid alterations within the spike (S) glycoprotein. We and others have recently reported that breakthrough infection of vaccinated individuals with Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 are associated with distinct patterns of cross-neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). BA.2 breakthrough infection mediated overall stronger cross-neutralization of BA.2 and its descendants (BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5) compared to BA.1 breakthrough infection. Here we characterized the effect of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 S glycoprotein exposure on the magnitude and breadth of the neutralizing antibody response upon breakthrough infection in vaccinated individuals and in mice upon booster vaccination. We show that immune sera from triple mRNA-vaccinated individuals with subsequent Omicron BA.4/BA.5 breakthrough infection display broad and robust neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4/BA.5. Administration of a prototypic BA.4/BA.5-adapted mRNA booster vaccine to mice following SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain-based primary immunization is associated with similarly broad neutralizing activity. Immunization of naïve mice with a bivalent mRNA vaccine (wild-type + Omicron BA.4/BA.5) induces strong and broad neutralizing activity against Omicron VOCs and previous variants. These findings suggest that when administered as boosters, mono- and bivalent Omicron BA.4/BA.5-adapted vaccines may enhance neutralization breadth, and in a bivalent format may also have the potential to confer protection to individuals with no pre-existing immunity against SARS-CoV-2.


There is lack of clear description of QoS in the current web service described by OWL-S,which make it hard to get the optimal service.The QoS module to the web service discovery architecture is introduced,and a web service discovery architecture SWSDM-QoS that support QoS constraint is advanced.This model supports web service publish with QoS information,web service search with QoS-constrainted and feedback with QoS.And a web service selection algorithm based on QoS constraint is also provided.A prototype based on Microsoft.NET is implemented.


The object of computer experiment is to advance the students operation ability based on course teaching. It proposes the education orientation on students vocation development, describes the relationship between course and experiment teaching, gives some suggests.


A posterior cerebral artery aneurysm presented as a seizure disorder in a 7-week-old infant. A small hemorrhage in the posterior thalamus was seen on CT scan. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI


A field experiment was conducted during rabi season 2019-20 at Agricultural Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Dhandhuka, Gujarat, to evaluate the effect of different irrigation and silicon levels on wheat productivity. Results from the experiment indicate that significantly superior data were recorded with two irrigation (I3) in case of plant height (75.85), effective tillers per plant (6.18), ear length (cm) (8.71), grains per ear (35.42), test weight (g) (46.29) and grain yield (3360 kg ha-1) over control (I1) and being at par with three irrigation (I4). While 75% anthesis (73.33) and physiological maturity days (108.33) found significantly superior with three irrigation (I4) over control (I1) and being at par with two irrigation (I3) 72.83 and 107, respectively. Amongst different levels of silicon, 150 kg ha-1 (S3) significantly increased yield and yield attributes i.e., plant height (72.24), effective tillers per plant (6.12), ear length (cm) (7.67), grains per ear (32.81), test weight (g) (46.17) and grain yield (3182 kg ha-1) as compare to control (S1) and being at par with three irrigation (S4). The percent increase in case grain yield with silicon 150 kg ha-1(S3) is 40.29 over control (S1). Alike, results further pointed out that 75% anthesis (71.25) and physiological maturity days (104.42) found significantly superior with silicon 200 kg ha-1(S4) over control (S1) and at par with silicon 150 kg ha-1(S3).


A system and method for garbage collection in heterogeneous multiprocessor systems are provided. In some illustrative embodiments, garbage collection operations are distributed across a plurality of the processors in the heterogeneous multiprocessor system. Portions of a global mark queue are assigned to processors of the heterogeneous multiprocessor system along with corresponding chunks of a shared memory. The processors perform garbage collection on their assigned portions of the global mark queue and corresponding chunk of shared memory marking memory object references as reachable or adding memory object references to a non-local mark stack. The marked memory objects are merged with a global mark stack and memory object references in the non-local mark stack are merged with a ''to be traced'' portion of the global mark queue for re-checking using a garbage collection operation.


Copeia has maintained a manuscript category entitled ''Comments'' for some time, but with little usage. In order to spur interest in the journal via exchange of ideas on timely topics of particular interest to the readership, I have solicited the following commentaries on the topic of evidence in phylogenetic systematics. The opening comment was written in early 2009 in response to Mooi and Gill's abstract and oral presentation at the 2008 ASIH meetings in Montreal. In the future, I expect to publish such comments and debates on a semi-regular basis and invite any and all readers with suggestions and contributions for potential consideration to contact me in advance of manuscript submission.—Scott Schaefer, Editor.


The elinieal data and development of 8 eases with subependymal eysts deteeted on neurosonography in the neonatal period were studied, and the prognosis was found to vary. Also, elinieo-pathologieal examination of 15 autopsied eases of eongenital subependymal eysts (SEC) was performed, with immunohistoehemieal staining involving neuron-speeifie enolase in three eases, whieh revealed that congenital SEC are often complieated by various degrees of brain and heart anomalies, and suggested that SEC might oeeur in a wide gestational age range, with various eauses. Therefore, it is important in the future to determine the agents whieh eause destruetion of the subependymal germi nal matrix.


Magnetic fields penetrate a type-II superconductor via quantized flux lines. Why these flux lines sometimes form square arrays, as in YNi 2B2C with the field parallel to thec axis, rather than the expected hexagonal ordering, has long fascinated physicists and has eluded a simple explanation. Our latest measurements on YNi2B2C prove conclusively that the London penetration depth within the a-b plane is not isotropic. This anisotropy of the London depths implies that the cross section of an individual flux line has square symmetry, which makes a square lattice energetically favored over the more prosaic hexagonal ordering. @S0163-1829 ~98!51146-0#


Choosing a career is one of the most challenging for young adults, and the representations of work could influence how people make decisions and build their career paths. This qualitative study examined the career choices, representations of work and future plans of 58 Italian university students. Semi-structured interviews were analyzed using a consensual qualitative research procedure. The results emphasize the centrality of environmental conditions and internal factors such as vocation and internal resources in career choice processes. Also crucial is students' discussion of the meaning attributed to work as good for oneself and others. Finally, most students present in their narratives, clear future plans. Findings suggest themes to explore in career guidance interventions. Unpacking the influences of choices and working on the meaning attributed to work appears pivotal to career counseling interventions to orient young people toward powerfully pursuing their career choices.


Performance appraisal is a daily, homework, fair, and open appraisal of each hospital, which can mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of the employees to the greatest extent so that both the company and the employees can achieve development. At present, the ascendant information revolution has become an important factor in promoting the development of the times. The use of advanced information technology to develop advanced information systems to conduct fair and open assessments of the ever‐increasing number of company employees has become the trend of the times. This article makes a historical review of the development and function of the performance appraisal system, and fully analyzes the new features and new functions of the performance appraisal system in the new period, and details the solution. This system develops and uses .NET development platform and SQL Server 2005 database. Using a distributed approach, the system's development costs have reduced, and the system's maintainability and scalability are improved. This paper studies the establishment of a performance‐based distribution model based on diagnostic relevance grouping theory (DRGs) in public hospitals. Based on the DRGs as a theoretical basis, after a long period of historical data collection, a theoretical model was established, repeated regression calculations, and focused evaluations. A performance‐distribution scheme centered on workload has established to reflect the factors such as the labor risk, technical difficulty, and labor cost of the attending doctors in relation to different patient conditions. The formulation and implementation of the new performance plan embodies the input of labor value and conforms to the spirit of the new medical reform.


User modeling and user adaptive interaction research areas are becoming crucial applied issues to understand and support users as they interact with technology. Modeling the decisions to be made and the constraints placed by market globalization in a way that can address the needs of all stakeholders has been a long time area of academic and industrial research, mainly for Planning, Scheduling, and Strategic decision making areas. Business analysts, developers, and organizations involved in all phases of the business value chain have requirements for applied business insight through modeling. In this paper, an architecture for user modeling on Intelligent and Adaptive Scheduling System is proposed.


The reliability of an insulator depends upon its electrical and mechanical strengths. When insulators are situated in areas where they are exposed to sunlight (UV radiation) and different temperatures, their performance can deteriorate significantly. Ethylene propylene diene /Silicone rubber, EPDM/SIR, blends were utilized in this study as they are widely used nowadays as high voltage outdoors insulators. EPDM, SIR and 75/25, 50/50 and 25/75 EPDM/SIR blends were prepared. All samples were exposed to 500 hours of accelerated UV weathering and thermal aging at 100 0 C for 12 days. The criteria used to evaluate the degree of degradation were tensile test (tensile strength, elongation at break (%), elastic modulus) and electrical properties (dielectric breakdown and flashover voltage). The results showed that EPDM/SIR rubber blends possess the advantages of both EPDM and SIR rubbers. The tensile strength (T.S), and the elongation at break percentage (E %) properties deteriorate upon subjection to aging. The elastic modulus (E-modulus) property, which is an indicator to the elastomer stiffness, is stable against the thermal aging, while improved in case of UV radiation. The dielectric properties of the EPDM/SIR blends were stable when subjected to thermal aging. Blends ratios 75/25 and 50/50 EPDM/SIR possess stable electrical properties toward UV stress than other samples.


This paper presents a temperature compensation technique for a thickness shear mode resonator formed on an artificial twin quartz plate. The author reports on a technique to form X-axis inverted areas on a quartz plate. Because the X-axis inverted area can be formed with an arbitrary pattern, many applications are possible. Temperature compensation for AT-cut resonators proposed here is one promising application of the artificial twin quartz formation technique. The X-axis inverted areas are formed near a trapped energy mode AT-cut resonator. Energy of the vibration leaked into the X-axis inverted areas affects the frequency temperature characteristics of the resonator. Theoretical analysis of temperature compensation based on the trapped energy mode theory is presented. Experimental results suggest the possibility of improving the frequency temperature characteristics.


Biological elements have a significant impact on lifetime prediction of marine carbon steel facilities.Microbe can produce pitting,crevice corrosion,selective dealloying and stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking,which accelerate both localized and average corrosion rates of carbon steel. The formation of microbe films can also reduce the corrosion rate of 25 steel through inhibition of oxygen diffusion and depletion of oxygen in the electrolyte and metal/solution interface.The research on the single effect of microbe on the corrosion behaviors of metal is insufficient up to now.In this work,the single effect of microbe on the corrosion behaviors of 25 steel was studied by comparing the corrosion behaviors of the carbon steel in natural seawater and in sterile seawater.The results show that in most of immerging periods,the bacterial activity at the interface accelerated the average corrosion rate of 25 steel.When the corrosion time was 365 d,the average corrosion rate of 25 steel immersed in natural seawater was 2.6 times that in sterile seawater.However,when the corrosion time was 28 d,the biofilms inhibited the corrosion of 25 steel.The species and contents of microbes significantly influenced the corrosion behavior of 25 steel.The microbes in the corrosion product mainly consisted of pseudomonas,vibrio,crenothrixandleptothrix,thiobacillus and sulfate-reducing bacteria.When the corrosion time was 365 d,flavobacterium also existed in the corrosion product.The contents of aerobe,facultative anaerobe and anaerobe reached the maximum value when the corrosion time was 28,91 and 184 d,respectively.The regular change of the contents of microbes with the immerging time led to the different microbe corrosion mechanisms of 25 steel.


2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental pollutant that is taken up via the food chain and accumulates in fat tissue. In humans, intoxication with TCDD causes chloracne, a severe skin disease resulting in disfiguring scarring (Geusau et al, 1999, 2001). In the past, various experimental approaches have been adapted to study the effect of TCDD on keratinocytes (KC) and skin. In utero exposure of murine fetuses led to an accelerated terminal differentiation in fetal mouse skin (Loertscher et al, 2002). Treatment of non-transformed human KC cultures with TCDD resulted in enhanced differentiation, determined by an increase of involucrin expression and modulation of expression of a number of growth-regulatory proteins (Gaido and Maness, 1994). One study on the effects of TCDD was performed with a spontaneously immortalized human KC cell line in a three-dimensional (3D) skin equivalent (SE) model, where TCDD caused acceleration of differentiation as determined by morphological characterization and by immunohistochemistry for several differentiation-specific protein markers; neither an influence on proliferation nor an induction of apoptosis was observed (Loertscher et al, 2001). In this study, we investigated the effect of TCDD on normal human epidermal KC grown in a 3D model under differentiating conditions (Stark et al, 1999; Rendl et al, 2002). After exposure of SE to TCDD at concentrations of 10 8 and 10 7 M for 1 wk, we quantified alterations of the KC differentiation process by western blot analysis with antibodies against selected differentiation markers. In vitro reconstructed SE were generated according to the protocol of Stark and colleagues with modifications described previously (Stark et al, 1999; Rendl et al, 2002). Starting on the day of lifting the culture to the air interface, culture medium for SE was supplemented with either TCDD (AccuStandard Inc., New Haven, Connecticut) (10 7 and 10 8 M) or vehicle every 2 d and culture was continued for up to 7 d. After 3 and 7 d of culture samples were taken by punch biopsy for hematoxylin & eosin staining and immunohistochemistry, performed as described previously. SE were also lyzed in a buffer containing 6 M urea 62.5 mM Tris/HCl, pH 6.8, 2% SDS, and 10% glycerol and subjected to western blot analysis as described previously (Rendl et al, 2002). The following antibodies were used at the indicated concentrations: goat polyclonal anti-CYP1A1 (Gentest Corporation, Woburn, Massachusetts) 1:500, mouse monoclonal anti-involucrin (NeoMarkers, Fremont, California) 1:1000, mouse monoclonal anti-filaggrin (Biomedical Technologies, Stoughton, Massachusetts) 1:500, rabbit polyclonal anti-Id-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany) 1:1000, mouse monoclonal anti-p63 (Oncogene Research Products, Boston, Massachusetts) 1:300, mouse monoclonal anti-p16 (NeoMarkers) 1:250, mouse monoclonal anti-K1/10/11 (Cymbus Biotechnology, Hampshire, UK) 1:1000, and a rabbit polyclonal antibody that we had raised against recombinant human caspase-14 (Alibardi et al, in press). The most prominent effect of TCDD was an increase of thickness of the stratum corneum with parakeratosis and a reduction of viable cell layers after 7 d of treatment, compared with vehicle-treated samples (Fig 1). A complete loss of the granular layer was visible both on days 3 and 7 of incubation with TCDD. For quantitative comparison of SE treated and untreated with TCDD, the abundance of selected marker proteins was determined by western blotting. Expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), a dioxin-responsive gene (Xu et al, 2000), was strongly induced in a concentration-dependent manner (Fig 2), indicating the validity of the model used. TCDD decreased expression of p63 and Id-1, transcription factors that are downregulated during terminal KC differentiation (Langlands et al, 2000; Koster and Roop, 2004), at a concentration of 10 8 M and virtually abrogated their expression at 10 7 M. In line with previous reports on overexpression of Id-1 in KC (Nickoloff et al, 2000), modulation of the amount of Id-1 was accompanied by an inverse regulation of p16 that was concentration-dependently upregulated by TCDD (Fig 2). Expression of markers of KC differentiation was heterogenous: whereas the abundance of involucrin was increased by TCDD, the levels of keratins 1 and 10 were decreased after 7 d of TCDD treatment (Fig 2). Caspase-14, a protease implicated in terminal differentiation (Eckhart et al, 2000), was downregulated by TCDD in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, processing of pro-caspase-14 to the mature enzyme subunits was readily detectable in control SE but was not observed after TCDD treatment. Western blot analysis of profilaggrin/filaggrin revealed an increase of the abundance of profilaggrin under TCDD exposure. But processing of profilaggrin into mature filaggrin, one of the final steps of KC differentiation, was completely blocked by TCDD. Abbreviations: KC, keratinocytes; SE, skin equivalent; TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin


This thesis examines the developmental neurotoxic effects of exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation (IR), alone or together with xenobiotics, during a critical period of neonatal brain development ...


This article challenges the widespread view that the Christian designation of the martyrs as witnesses is independent of the early Jewish image of the Prophets and N.T. language. It demonstrates, on the contrary, a development of the tradition from Neh. 9 up to the consolidation of the concept in the argument with the Montanist prophets and martyrs.


Seth Breunig will graduate from UW Oshkosh in May 2010 with a degree in secondary education and the social sciences. His research began as a leadership essay about Willy Brandt for a Western European comparative politics class during fall 2008.


A new PCBM-like fullerence derivative -phenyl-C61-butyric acid isopropyl ester(PCBIP) was designed and synthesized.The structure of PCBIP was characterized by means of UV-Vis,FTIR,1HNMR,13CNMR,MS and elemental analysis techniques.By simulate calculation,the LUMO and HOMO level of PCBIP is higher than that of PCBM by 0.029 eV.The thermal stability of PCBIP was studied by differential thermal analysis(DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis(TG),and the results prove that PCBIP has good thermal stability.It is expected that the open-circuit voltage(Voc) and energy conversion efficiency(PCE) of polymer solar cells can be improved when PCBIP is used as the acceptor material.


Quantum buoyancy has been proposed as the mechanism protecting the generalized second law when an entropy--bearing object is slowly lowered towards a black hole and then dropped in. We point out that the original derivation of the buoyant force from a fluid picture of the acceleration radiation is invalid unless the object is almost at the horizon, because otherwise typical wavelengths in the radiation are larger than the object. The buoyant force is here calculated from the diffractive scattering of waves off the object, and found to be weaker than in the original theory. As a consequence, the argument justifying the generalized second law from buoyancy cannot be completed unless the optimal drop point is next to the horizon. The universal bound on entropy is always a sufficient condition for operation of the generalized second law, and can be derived from that law when the optimal drop point is close to the horizon. We also compute the quantum buoyancy of an elementary charged particle; it turns out to be negligible for energetic considerations. Finally, we speculate on the significance of the absence from the bound of any mention of the number of particle species in nature.


DiGeorge Syndrome (DGS) consists of the association of CHD, immunodeficiency, and hypoparathyroidism. Since recent data suggest that DGS is more common than usually appreciated, we prospectively tested immune function during the first 3 months of life in 22 infants referred for evaluation of CHD and 7 age-matched controls. CHD patients as a group had T-cell rosettes (TCR) lower (mean ± SE = 48% ± 5) than age-matched controls (64% ± 4) or older normals (71% ± 2). Eight of the 22 CHD infants had TCR below 2 standard deviations from the mean for age-matched controls (<40%). Six of 21 CHD infants had low peak phytohema-glutinin (PHA) responses (<40,000 cpms); however the mean peak PHA response for CHD patients (78,000 cpms) was not different from age-matched controls (86, 100 cpms) or older normals (98,000 cpms). All CHD patients had B-cell numbers comparable to controls (8-20%). When grouped by cardiac abnormality, 8 of 12 infants who had lesions previously described in DGS (interrupted aortic arch, aortic atresia/hypoplasia, truncus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, VSD), had low TCR or PHA, with 4 of the 8 having both low TCR and PHA. In contrast, 4 of 10 infants with CHD not associated with DGS had some evidence of immunodeficiency, with boarderline low TCR only in 3 of the 4.These findings suggest that about 75% of patients with congenital heart disease, especially those with aortic arch abnormalities or truncus arteriosus, may have laboratory evidence indicative of depressed immune function.


The stock biomass in the open water zone of Taihu lake are dominated by lake anchovy (Coilta ectenes), icefishes, and smaller cyprinids. The stock of structures in community showed a characteristic of small-sized individual, early ripening at low age for longevous species.However the spawning time of Neosalanx taihuensis (a shortlif fish) has been tending to prolong. The fish community of open water zons is belong to a global stability type. Based on the analysis of the past decade catehes in Taihu lake, the stocked exotic species have not disintegration community structure, but the abundace of icefishes is greatly decreased and it's for away from the balance point of stock, because of overfishing in 1994. Therefore the authors suggnsted not to transplant exoticpeies until to the stock returns to mormal condrtron.


The unimaginable speed of the development of information and communication technologies has led to the fact that in the time period from 2009 to 2012, human society generated and saved more information than in the entire history until then. As estimated in 2013, approximately 1,200 exabytes were generated around the world, and this vast amount of information is doubled every three years. This would mean that estimated amount of generated data for 2019 is approximately 4800 exabytes, that is, three times more than the total amount information generated throughout the history. Since such a large amount of information cannot be stored or processed (and especially not in real or reasonable time) using the common methods of storing and processing data, a new paradigm of storage, processing and management of large quantities, variety and data processing speed has emerged under the name big data concept.


The signaling pathway of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is critical in many aspects of growth and cell survival. The path of PI3K is stimulated physiologically as a result of many growth factors and regulatory factors. Several genetic alterations such as amplification, mutation and chromosomal arrangements may compromise the PI3K pathway, generating permanent activation in different cancer types have found evidence of these deleterious genetic modifications. Abnormal activation of the PI3K pathway results in alteration of the control mechanisms of growth and cell survival, which favors the competitive growth, and frequently metastatic capacity, greater resistance to treatment. The aim of this paper is to review matters relating to the operation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and its role in the process of carcinogenesis in humans.


A numerical pseudo-static model was established with ADINA software for beam-column interior joint on a reinforced concrete frame.The results for the traditional joint specified in design code and those for the joint with slot around were compared.It is shown that the stress in the reinforcement for the slab close to the beam will increase significantly with the applied top displacement in horizontal direction,but slightly for the slab far from the beam.It is also shown that for the joint with slot around,the yielding time of the beam reinforcement will shift to an earlier time,while number of cracks on column becomes less.The time interval between the occurrences of plastic hinge on beam and on the column becomes longer,which exhibits a failure type closer to the beam-hinge mode.


Abstract The Visegrad Group is a regional form of cooperation of four Central European states, i.e. Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. The above states have been members of the European Union since 2004. What is more, the Visegrad Group is recognized as an alliance and forum for exchanging experiences and developing common positions on matters of particular importance for the future of the region and the European Union. The constitutional provisions of the Visegrad Group states regarding the legal and constitutional status of a central bank were analysed and compared on the basis of analogies and differences. Importantly, today central banks play a significant role in the socio-economic and political system of a state. In particular, the article contains an innovative approach to the subject by comparing the subject matter from the perspective of constitutional regulations. The considerations are based on both the literature of scientific representatives and constitutional regulations, creating a complete and original presentation of the issue.


Results are presented on the thermal and chemical characteristics of flames using high-temperature combustion air and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) as the fuel. The stability limits of these flames are extremely wide as compared to any other method of flame stabilization. This study is part of the Japan national project directed to develop advanced industrial furnace designs that provide approximately 30% energy savings and hence CO 2 reduction, 30% reduction in the furnace size, and 25% reduction of pollutants including NO x as compared to current designs. The objective here is to establish conditions that permit significant reduction in energy consumption, high efficiency, and low pollution from a range of furnaces. Data have been obtained on mean flame temperature and temperature fluctuations, flame emission spectra, emission intensity of C 2 and CH species from within the flames, and overall pollutant emission from the flames. The uniformity of temperature in the furnace was found to be far greater with low oxygen concentration combustion air preheated to 1000°C as compared to that obtained with roomtemperature air or that found in conventional flames. Emission of NO x and CO was much lower with combustion air preheated to high temperatures with low oxygen concentration. The chemiluminescence intensity of CH and C 2 radicals is significantly affected by the preheat temperature of the combustion air and oxygen concentration in the oxidant. The flame signatures revealed important flame characteristics under high-temperature air combustion conditions. The advantages of utilizing highly preheated combustion air (in excess of 1000°C) in various types of furnaces are given. The new and advanced furnace design utilizes high-efficiency regenerators and behaves essentially as a well-stirred reactor with uniform thermal and chemical characteristics. Because each furnace design requires unique features, it is imperative that each furnace must be optimized to satisfy the functional requirements of the furnace. In this paper a relatively simple diagnostic methodology is presented, which assists in a rational furnace design and optimization process.


No attempt will be made here to review the many articles and books on uveitis which have appeared since Volume IX of the System of Ophthalmology was published in I966. Instead I have chosen a few topics which seem to me to offer the possibility ofa greater understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms of intraocular inflammation. Inevitably such a choice is coloured by personal interests, and other compilers would have chosen differently. Readers wishing for a wider review are recommended to consult Schlaegel (i 969), Aronson and Elliott (1972), and Campinchi, Faure, Bloch-Michel, and Haut (I973).


The increasing importance given to the protection of the environment has deeply changed the approach and ways to manage the business projects in the road sector. In the past, the role of road administrations was mainly to provide the necessary infrastructure to meet the steady increase of traffic, whereas now they must face the challenge to develop sustainable transport policies where land planning and transport demand are analysed so as to give priority to environmental friendly solutions. In addition to environmental concerns, the general budget constraints and the pressure from competition make the reform of the road sector necessary. The road administrations are currently experiencing major changes in their missions and organizational structure under the combined effect of 2 principals that apply to most of them: decentralization (different allocation of the road network among the public authorities) and externalisation of various tasks. The session will address 2 topics: decentralization and externalization. Through various examples, it will bring forward items for discussion about the changes and the operational aspects of road administrations around the world. For the covering abstract see ITRD E139491.


Birth of a child is an unique time in the life of every woman. Unfortunately, labor is often one of the most painful and traumatic experiences suffered in woman's life. In the modern obstetrics pain of labor and methods of its mitigation are the main problem for both, patients and medical staff. In this paper the most important steps of the development of labor analgesia were described.


Singular Hopf bifurcation occurs in generic families of vector fields with two slow variables and one fast variable. Prototypes for this bifurcation depend upon several parameters, and the dynamics displayed by these systems is intricate. The core of this paper is a numerical investigation of the bifurcations in one prototypical family. It presents extensive diagrams of bifurcations of equilibrium points and periodic orbits that are close to singular Hopf bifurcation. In addition, parameters are determined where there is a tangency between invariant manifolds that are important in the appearance of mixed-mode oscillations in systems near singular Hopf bifurcation. One parameter of the prototype is identified as the primary bifurcation parameter, and the paper presents a catalogue of bifurcation sequences that occur as the primary bifurcation parameter is varied. These results are applied to estimating the parameters for the onset of mixed-mode oscillations in a model of chemical oscillations.


We present a useful new approximate calculation of ferromagnetic resonance in isotropic metal plates. The key step in this calculation is a transformation, previously applied to magnetoelastic insulators, which permits the separation of the resonant and nonresonant senses of polarization. As a result, we are able to reduce the dispersion relation resulting from simultaneous solution of the Landau-Lifshitz equation and of Maxwell's equations from a quartic, for arbitrary directions of the magnetization, to a quadratic. Assuming a simple (but arbitrary) spin-pinning boundary condition on the surface rf magnetization. the surface impedance $Z$ can then be obtained from a linear equation. Near resonance, at $X$ or $K$ band, we find that $Z$ agress with values from the exact calculation to within a fraction of 1% for all magnetization directions. The resonant frequency and linewidth both agree with the exact calculation to better than 1 Oe.


The authors demonstrate error free operation of a reconfigurable 4/spl times/10 Gbit/s WDM DC-ROAD (Dispersion Compensated-Reconfigurable Optical Add Drop) multiplexer using high rejection, low loss, 10 cm long step chirped gratings in a network comprising 50 km spans of non dispersion shifted fibre.


The application of forensic entomology to medicolegal death investigations has clear benefits to the role of the medical examiner's office (MEO) in evaluating insect activity as it relates to not only cause and manner of death but in the investigative role of the medical examiner as a resource to law enforcement. Until recently, applied forensic entomology in the MEO has been conducted by consulting forensic entomologists removed from the context of the investigation. The addition of a forensic entomologist to the staff of a MEO has provided an opportunity to explore the benefits and challenges of having the forensic entomologist involved at every step of the death investigation. In this study, data are provided on the types and variety of cases that the forensic entomologist has reported on for the Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences in Houston, TX, over the first two years of the program. Case types, trends in colonization and insects involved in forensic entomology casework in this setting are highlighted, as well as the remaining challenges that forensic entomology must overcome on its path to standardization in the United States.


Bone-targeted Alpharadin emits alpha-particles with an ultra-short range of 2-10 cell diameters, generating highly localized and intense radiation zones1. The high-energy alpha-particle radiation induces lethal doublestrand DNA breaks resulting in a potent and highly localized cytotoxic effect in the target areas containing metastatic cancer cells3. The short path length of the alpha particles also ensures that toxicity to adjacent healthy tissue and particularly the bone marrow is kept to a minimum1.


Table of contents:
• The alarming growth in heroin and cocaine use in Dun Laoghaire and Kerry
• Talking to mothers whose families have been devastated by drugs
• Kim was just a year out of school with her life before her when she died
• How to recognise the various drugs used and know the damage they cause
• Is Cork burying its head in the sand about its drug problem?
• The rewards are enormous, but murder rules the drug trade
• The reality of drug use on the ground in Tipperary and Offaly
• Why alcohol is a gateway to drugs for many teenagers
• Should drugs be legalised — the arguments for and against
• Cormac O'Keeffe talks to an addict about her 14-year battle with drugs


Estimates indicating that BiH had about 1,300 cases involving some 8,000 potential suspects in its backlog of war crimes cases led to the adoption of the National Strategy for War Crimes Processing (NWCPS) as a policy document in December 2008. In the process of its adoption and implementation, the Mission advocated for the development of a clear and efficient mechanism for the transfer of less complex cases to the entities in order to allow the Court of BiH and BiH Prosecutor's Office to focus on the most complex cases. The Mission has also taken other steps to support this. The Mission designed and developed the Database of Open Case Files – a software tool – to serve as a centralized database of war crimes case files at the BiH Prosecutor's Office and to permit mapping of the caseload to assist in determining the number and nature of cases for prosecution. This process will subsequently allow the prioritization and selection of viable cases for prosecution according to the criteria identified in the NWCPS. Domestic War Crimes Prosecutions


This PKM activity was carried out based on a situation analysis to explore the main problems faced by partners, namely the low insight and ability of students to understand IoT and its implementation for automatic control systems. The reason is because this material is not given in a special subject, but is part of the Electronics Engineering course. Another cause is the impact of online learning which is not optimal during the PPKM Covid 19 period, especially for the implementation of practicum. PKM was carried out by the PKM Team from the Department of Electrical Engineering, UNUJA Paiton, aimed at 35 students of SMKN 1 Banyuanyar, Department of Industrial Electrical Engineering, 11th grade. The team created an IoT learning module for the Automated Light Control System consisting of Teaching Aids, Learning Modules and Videos containing introductory materials and introduction to IoT (simple learning). This is in accordance with the conditions of students who need basic level of IoT knowledge, because they have never had this knowledge before. The implementation of this PKM can run smoothly and obtain results in accordance with the objectives. The results of the program evaluation show that the 6 achievement indicators have been well achieved. In the implementation of the before after test, there was an increase of 92% in the post-test. As a follow-up to this PKM, it is recommended that schools develop existing learning modules so that technology adaptation can continue to be carried out and is beneficial for increasing knowledge and understanding of IoT for both students and teachers


Yam protein were extracted using alkali proteinase.The optimal extraction conditions for protein was obtained to extract 75 minutes at 45 ℃ and pH 10.0 with 80 U/g alkali proteinase when liquid-tosolid ratio was 11:1.And the extraction rate of yam protein was 66.2%.Antioxidant activity in vitro of yam protein were examined.When yam protein were 710 mg/L,50% hydroxy radicals were scavenged.When yam protein were 690 mg/L,25% superoxide radicals were scavenged.


Brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease affecting mammalian animals characterized by abortion or birth of incomplete embryos, which can be spent and cause placental retention, non-fertilization and end with whole or partial infertility. To find out the prevalence of this disease in Diyala city, this study included 215 serum samples randomly collected from adult goats and non-vaccinated areas in Baquba, Muqdadiya and Wajihiya districts for the period from August 2017 to September 2018 in Diyala. A randomized test was performed on the samples and the indirect ELISA test was performed. The results were 36 positive samples (16.74%) in Rose Bengal Test and 33 positive (15.34%). samples when used ELISA indirect were appeared.


The inner order of the Trinity, which is seen as the basis for the created order and for man, is understood further as the basis for the mystery of the Church, which represents the third dimension of H.'s presentation. It is in the communal existence of the Church that man achieves a share in the divine community of persons and their relation one to another. Thus man enters into the proper relation to other persons, both created and uncreated, from which flows the experience of that unity and peace which is the characteristic of the divine order. The final section attempts to bring together all these dimensions of order within the one order of charity; for, in the final analysis, there is but one order, in which primitas is identical with caritas. The mystery of the first is identical with the order of love. The mystery of the world consists in the fact that divine love evokes an order of love in the world, which leads to the deepest union of creation and Creator, in which personal distinction is not lost but is most sharply defined. The whole of the mystery is symbolically expressed in the cross of Christ, in which the intersection of the vertical and the horizontal point to the very center of all order, the mystery of divine love embodied in creation in the person of Christ. Readers looking for a treatment of the historical sources and influences that shaped B.'s vision will be disappointed; for H. has expressly restricted himself to the study of B.'s own work. On the other hand, the book is an uncluttered presentation, the strength of which lies in its directness and clarity of style. Perhaps more than any other book now available, this study makes clear the metaphysical background of many Bonaventurian symbols. It is a welcome, well-researched addition to the growing number of studies which reflect a significant shift from the earlier interest in the relation between the philosophies of B. and Thomas to a serious study of the inner structure of B.'s own world of thought.


The electrification of transportation sector represents a promising approach to reduce transit-related greenhouse gas emissions. However, both transportation and power utility sectors retain various challenges in facilitating the seamless integration of battery electric bus (BEB) fleet systems. Among those challenges, the lack of appropriate simulation tools to model, design, and optimize BEB fleet systems is the most salient. Accordingly, this paper proposes a new mathematical formulation to model BEB fleet systems. The model considers the operational requirements of public bus transit systems and the energy consumption characteristics of BEBs. The proposed transit model is then integrated with the power distribution system model to develop an integrated utility-transit problem formulation for the optimal design of BEB systems. The formulated optimization problem aims at determining the optimal configuration parameters of BEB fleet systems that include the bus battery capacity, chargers rated power, and the total number of installed chargers in the charging station. The developed utility-transit model is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem (MINLP) and is solved using the Basic Open-Source Nonlinear Mixed INteger Programming (BONMIN) optimization solver. Real-world transit system data are used to validate the efficacy of the proposed integrated utility-transit model. The simulation results indicate that consideration of both power distribution and transit networks operation requirements significantly impact the choice of the BEBs configuration.


In this paper, we study the implementation of the Berry approach as expressed in his seminal publication (1984 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 392 45) within Born–Oppenheimer molecular systems (1927 Ann. Phys., Lpz. 84 457). This was done with the purpose of revealing the relation between the various time-dependent magnitudes in the adiabatic limit and their time-independent counterparts. The two main results are: (1) in the adiabatic limit, a single Born–Oppenheimer state becomes an eigenstate of the system during the excursion of a system along a given contour, and (2) at the end of a closed contour, the topological phases associated with the states that moved adiabatically along a closed contour are well presented by the diagonal D-matrix as obtained from the time-independent treatment. The theoretical study is supported by a detailed numerical study carried out for two ab initio molecular systems, namely the (Na, H2) and the (H, H2) systems.


Apple production is among the most intensively sprayed productions. Orchards' design usually targets productivity rather than autonomy and reproducibility. However, as perennial and multistrata systems, orchards create complex design opportunities to promote natural regulation processes and to address sustainability issues. Besides, there are specific expectations from the food-chain and the consumers for technical, aesthetical and nutritional qualities of fresh fruits. The whole society is more and more concerned with high pesticides use and its incidence on life quality (human and animal health, biodiversity, water). Therefore, an integrative approach of both agroecosystem and food-chain level has been chosen. To combine the diversity of interpretations and knowledge required to (re)design sustainable orchards, we developed an innovative participatory approach with fruit producers, advisors and agricultural scientists. It relies upon (i) expertbased knowledge to settle the objectives and properties of sustainable orchards; (ii) co-design of candidate models and (iii) ex-ante evaluation. After four years of group-functioning, we hereafter introduce major findings. First, the design of sustainable orchards entails to consider diversity, both among and within candidate models. Most of existing innovative and impressive experiences (e.g. association of animal and fruit productions) have been identified in organic or low-input commercial orchards. Key-elements for design purposes were discussed and included in a framework to design candidate prototypes. Second, a sustainable orchard appears as a dynamic entity adapting to global change and progressing towards 'higher resilience'. Methodological issues for simultaneous conception-evaluation process of prototyped systems were outlined and different tools were explored. To conclude, both diversity and dynamics of orchard models are key elements to sustain productivity and reproducibility. The most promising co-designed prototypes are now to be evaluated in various contexts covering Northern to Southern contexts of Europe within a follow-up project still to initiate.


ntroducing mutations within the amyloid precursor protein (APP) that affect (cid:1) - and (cid:2) -secretase cleavages results in amyloid plaque formation in vivo. However, the relationship between (cid:1) -amyloid deposition and the subcellular site of A (cid:1) production is unknown. To determine the effect of increasing (cid:1) -secretase (BACE) activity on A (cid:1) deposition, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing human BACE. Although modest overexpression enhanced amyloid deposition, high BACE overexpression inhibited amyloid formation despite increased (cid:1) -cleavage of APP. However, high BACE expression shifted the subcellular location of APP cleavage to the neuronal perikarya early in the secretory pathway. These results suggest that the production, clearance, and aggregation of A (cid:1) peptides are highly dependent on the specific neuronal subcellular domain wherein A (cid:1) is generated and highlight the importance of perikaryal versus axonal APP proteolysis in the development of A (cid:1) amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease.


Adamo, M.F.A., et al., "Practical routes to diacetylenic ketones and their application for preparation of alkynyl Substituted pyridines, pyrimidines and pyrazoles." Tetrahedron 59:2197-2205, Elsevier Science Ltd., England (2003). Bishop, B.C., et al., "Regioselective Synthesis of 1,3,5-Substitute Pyrazoles from Acetylenic Ketones and Hydrazines." Synthesis 2004(I): 0043-0052, Georg Thieme Verlag, Germany (2004). Liang, J.T., et al., "Design of Concise, Scalable Route to a Cholecystokinin 1 (CCK 1) Receptor Antagonist." J. Org. Chem. 72:8243-8250, American Chemical Society, United States (2007). Martins, M.A.P. et al., "Synthesis of new halo-containing acetylenes and their application to the synthesis of azoles." Tetrahedron Lett. 45:4935-4938, Elsevier Ltd. England (2004). International Search Report for International Patent Application No. PCT/EP2010/069385, European Patent Office, Rijswijk, Nether lands, mailed on Jan. 1, 2011, 2 pages.


(The level satisfaction of consumers to quality and price of beef in B anda A ceh) ABSTRACT . This study aims to determine level satisfaction of consumers to quality and price to beef sold in Banda Aceh, knowing influence of quality  and beef price to satisfaction of consumer and also know most dominant variable have an effect on to satisfaction of beef consumer  in Banda Aceh. The sampling methods is that used was purposive sampling is counted 180 consumers. The level of beef consumer satisfaction to sold in Banda Aceh is in the level of very low. The quality and  price to the satisfaction of consumers to beef sold in Banda Aceh has significant different to satisfaction of consumers P<0,05. The quality variable which significantly has a dominant of beef consumer satisfaction to sold in Banda Aceh. The value of determination coefficient (R Square) is equal to  0,31,9 show that quality and price of beef is influenced satisfaction of consumers is equal to 31,9 %, meanwhile 68,1% is influenced by other factors not included in this study. Concluded  that the quality and price have ability to influence satisfaction of consumers. The good quality can improve satisfaction of consumers and stiff price can degrade satisfaction of consumers.


Article history: Received November 28, 2019 Received in revised format January 30, 2020 Accepted February 11 2020 Available online February 11 2020 In today's complex and competitive environment, supply function becomes more a strategic differentiator and a core competency. This function is strongly related to relationship between buyer and supplier. In addition, buyer supplier relationships (BSR) have undertaken considerable changes during the last decade. Although previous empirical research has found the importance of identifying factors that influence BSR, the present paper analyses the factors influencing the successful relationship between buyer and seller. Based on the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), the complex interrelationships between the established factors are inspected . Classification of factors has been carried out based on dependence and driving power by using MICMAC analysis. The present study highlights "Innovation and technology" and "Information exchange" as the most significant factors with high influential power for the BSR. This study aims to aid the decision makers (buyer or supplier) in evolving effective business strategies.


As part of baccalaureate thesis, automation of robotic arm is described in the storage using a programmable logic controller. This work consists of definition of automation, its impact on humanity and PLC usage. Communication modules that are part of the hardware configuration of the PLC S7-1200 are also described. Control system is developed within TIA Portal software package using the SCL programming language. In this work, there is a detailed description of the developed algorithm. A visual interface for monitoring and control of the system is developed as well. Finally, the experimental results and the development program are described too.


Map of Texas, showing counties and Indian Territory. The map includes towns, roads, railroads, bodies of water, and other geologic features, with relief shown in hachures. The map also includes illustrations of the Texas State Capitol and of the General Land Office in Austin, an inset map showing agricultural districts and soil varieties (lower-left), and notes on geology and mineral rocks.


The unexpected presence of a left ventricular (LV) mass is always a cause of concern for physicians. This is especially so in the presence of a cerebrovascular accident and a recent cardiac event, where the hunt for a cardioembolic source begins. We describe a case of an unusual presentation of a LV thrombus masquerading as a cystic mass, where diagnosis was confirmed with multimodality imaging tools.

 A 58 year old Thai male first presented to the emergency department with left brachio-facial syndrome secondary to a right pre-central gyrus stroke. He had chest pain 2 days prior, and was pain free on admission. An electrocardiogram done showed an evolved anterior myocardial infarction.
 Methods and Results
 A transthoracic echocardiogram performed on the 4th day of admission revealed a mildly impaired left ventricular systolic function with an ejection fraction of 45%, and wall motion abnormalities in the left anterior descending artery territory. There was an apical gelatinous-like, cystic and mobile mass with soft flexible walls, measuring 2.4 X 2.1cm. Differentials at this point included cystic thrombus, hydatid cyst, capillary haemangioma and intracardiac tumour.
 A cardiac MRI was performed which showed an irregular apical mass with features suggestive of fresh thrombus. The mass demonstrates hyperintensity T1-w FSE sequences (with and without fat sat), increased hyperintensity in T2-w triple IR FSE, with no increased uptake in first pass perfusion, T1-w post contrast, or early and late gadolinium enhancement images.
 A repeat transthoracic echocardiogram done 11 days after anticoagulation showed a 50% reduction in the size of the mass.
 See images below for more information.

 In the era of early primary percutaneous coronary intervention and anticoagulation following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), LV thrombus is an uncommon complication. It can occur within 2 weeks after an AMI, where increased blood stasis from dyskinesia or akinesia of associated wall segments, and a hypercoagulable state increases the risk of thrombus formation. A literature search has shown that presentation of the thrombus as a cystic mass is rare as well. As such, early diagnosis allowing for early treatment, especially when systemic embolism of thrombus is suspected, is important. Other causes of cystic LV thrombus do need to be considered in the relevant clinical context. These include infectious causes such as hydatid cyst, capillary hemangioma or intracardiac tumour, which are less likely given the history and investigation results. In this case, a trial of therapy with anticoagulation reduced the size of the cystic mass, and along with imaging findings, confirmed the diagnosis of a cystic LV thrombus.
 Abstract P1309 Figure. TTE and MRI heart


Acetylcholinesterase has been demonstrated in the spiral ganglion cells by the method of Karnovsky and Roots. After incubation for 24 h the content of AchE was measured with the help of a three-stage


In the title dinuclear complex, [Mo2(C6H8N3O2)2O4]·3H2O, the Mo atoms, bridged by two μ-oxo atoms, have a distorted octahedral coordination environment. Besides the two bridging O atoms, the coordination of each Mo atom is completed by a terminal oxo atom and a tridentate histidinate ligand. The short Mo⋯Mo distance of 2.5458 (4) A may indicate the existence of an Mo—Mo metal bond. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the uncoordinated carboxylate O atoms and amino groups leads to a layer-like arrangement of the molecules. The uncoordinated water molecules link these layers via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and help to stabilize the crystal packing.


The standard molar enthalpies of dissolution of {znso(4)(.)7h(2)o(s)+val(s)}, {znso(4)(.)7h(2)o(s)+met(s)}, zn(val)(so4h2o)-h-.(s) and zn(met)so4-h2o(s) (where val is l-alpha-valine and met is l-alpha-methionine) in 2 mol dm(-3) hcl at t = 298.15 +/- 0.001 k have been measured to be delta(d)h(m,l)degrees = 94.588 +/- 0.025 kj mol(-1), delta(d)h(m,3)degrees = -46.118 +/- 0.055 kj mol(-1), delta(d)h(m,4)degrees = -70.619 +/- 0.051 kj mol(-1), delta(d)h(m,5)degrees = 58.415 +/- 0.046 kj mol(-1), respectively. the derived molar enthalpies of formation of the complexes zn(val)(so4h2o)-h-.(s) and zn(met)(so4h2o)-h-.(s) are delta(f)h(m)degrees[zn(val)(so4h2o)-h-., s] = -1851 +/- 2 kj mol(-1) and delta(f)h(m)degrees[zn(met)so4 (.) h2o, s] = -2069 +/- 0.7 j mol(-1). (c) 2005 elsevier b.v. all rights reserved.


In this contribution a new algorithm based on the Method of Lines (MoL) is presented. Here the usual 3D MoL approach is extended by adding a 2D analysis of critical parts of the structure, which require a very fine meshing to resolve all fine details or to incorporate loss in an appropriate way. The 3D approach is based on an eigenvalue computation based on a 2D discretization. The 2D eigenvalue calculation based on a one-dimensional analysis gives much more accurate results compared to the 3D approach. In the combined approach only for some selected modes the additions 2D analysis is performed, the eigenvalues of the 3D approach are updated by the more accurate vales. In this way the accuracy of the method can be improved significantly. This will be shown at the example of a lossy underpass in a transmission line, which may occur in RF MEMS switches, contributing much to the overall loss of such a switch. Nearly the same accuracy in only one tenth of the calculation time is achieved.


In response to the letter submitted by Varma (1), we respectfully disagree with the assertion that our proposed free-solution response function (FreeSRF) model (2) does not explain the signal origin for free-solution measurements. His theoretical considerations are appreciated; however, as we have shown (2), they do not apply here.

[↵][1]1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: darryl.bornhop{at}vanderbilt.edu.

 [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1


A quasi-three-dimensional finite element method of analysis is proposed for the dynamic response analysis of pile foundations that is computationally feasible for practical applications. The method uses a simplified three-dimensional wave equation for describing the dynamic response of the soil. The response of the pile foundation is computed directly without having to use pile-soil-pile interaction factors. The quasi-three-dimensional solution greatly reduces the computational time for the direct analysis of pile groups. The method is presented here for an elastic response so that itcan be validated against existing more exact elastic solutions and low-amplitude field vibration tests. The method is extended to nonlinear dynamicresponse analysis in an accompanying paper. (A)


The illegal takeover of businesses, commonly known in Russian as "reiderstvo" (raiding), has become a major threat to domestic and foreign investors in Russia. "Reiderstvo" differs greatly from U.S. hostile takeover practice in that it relies on criminal methods such as fraud, blackmail, obstruction of justice, and actual and threatened physical violence. At the same time, though, "reiderstvo" is not just simple thuggery. In contrast to more primitive criminals, Russian "reideri" rely on court orders, resolutions of shareholders and boards of directors, lawsuits, bankruptcy proceedings, and other ostensibly "legal" means as a cover for their criminal activity. "Reiderstvo" is also more ambitious than classic protection schemes in that it seeks not just a portion of the target business' profits but the entire business itself. Finally, because raiding typically involves the use of documents such as corporate resolutions and judicial orders as covers for threats of physical violence, it is more sophisticated and can be much more difficult to investigate and prosecute than straightforward extortion schemes. In short, it is a new and sophisticated form of organized crime.' There is growing recognition that corporate raiding has become one of the biggest criminal problems in Russia. According to statistics compiled by the Ministry of Internal Affairs ("MVD"), raiding generates approximately 120 billion rubles (over $40 million) a year in illegal profits, and, considering that this statistic is based only on the rare cases actually investigated by the MVD, the true amount is certainly far higher. Ivan Novitskii, a deputy of Moscow City Duma (a municipal legislative body in Moscow), claims that 300 Moscow businesses are raided every year and that thousands more are at risk. In a recent study by Price Waterhouse, businesses operating in Russia identified "asset misappropria-


 Citation: Rahdar S, Samani S, Ahmadi Sh. Efficiency of Arachis hypogaea Ash in Aniline Adsorption from Aqueous Solution: A Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study. Journal of Health Research in Community. Winter 2018;3(4): 21-32. ABSTRACT Introduction and purpose: Aniline is a simple aromatic compound that has a wide application in various industries. This compound has mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Given the solubility and high toxicity of aniline, the entrance of this compound into the surface and ground water can endanger human and environment and disturb aqueous species life . Regarding this, the present study was conducted to investigate the elimination of aniline from aqueous solutions by means of Arachis hypogaea ash. Methods: The equilibrium adsorption level was determined as a function of the solution pH (i.e., 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11), contact time (i.e., 20-150 min), adsorbent doses (i.e., 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.2, and 1.5 g/L), and aniline initial concentration (i.e., 20-150 mg/L). Adsorption kinetic was assessed using pseudo first order, pseudo second order, and Elovich kinetics. Results: According to the results, Arachis hypogaea ash was capable of reducing aniline by 65% at the pH of 7, initial aniline concentration of 90 mg/ L, contact time of 120 min, and dosage of 0.8 g/L. Regarding the adsorption kinetics, and a second-order equation resulted in the achievement of the best fit. Conclusion: As the finding indicated, Arachis hypogaea ash as an inexpensive absorbent was a quite effective substance for the removal of aniline from water and wastewater.


"One of the urgent problems of mechanical engineering is the processing of holes, which are subject to high requirements for the accuracy of size, shape and location. Most often, hole processing is carried out with the help of rod measuring tools. This is due to their following advantages: relatively high productivity, low costs for pre-production. The quality of the machined holes is determined mainly by the accuracy of the cutting tools, machines and accessories used. The drilling process with existing drills takes place under severe cutting conditions. The magnitude of the front angle on the transverse edge is very unfavorable. For standard spiral drills, the front angle γ on the transverse edge is up to minus 57–60. In view of this, on the transverse edge, instead of cutting, there is a crumpling, squeezing and scraping of metal. When drilling holes with existing drills, the transverse edge of the drill perceives up to 80 % of the axial force, i.e. the resistance to axial feed is created by the contact area of the transverse edge with the workpiece. The specified working conditions of the transverse edge significantly worsen the processing conditions and the quality of the treated hole. To eliminate the transverse edge, a new design of a spiral drill is proposed – a two-vertex spiral drill without a transverse edge, preliminary patent of the Republic of Kazakhstan № 19559. The elimination of the transverse edge on the drill allows you to dramatically reduce the heating and wear of the drill during the cutting process, increase the durability of the drills. The analysis of the results shows that the accuracy of the diametrical dimensions of the holes after processing with two-vertex spiral drills increased by 1, 2 quality compared with spiral drills; roughness decreased by 1, 2 classes. Keywords: spiral drill, jumper, sharpening, durability, accuracy, productivity "


The key aspects and features of the Federal Magistrates Court set up in Australia in December 1999 are discussed. The key areas of the Court's jurisdiction are highlighted.


A consolidated reference (publication) of materials for downhole equipment used in geothermal energy exploitation is nearing completion. The reference is a summary of recent developments in the areas of tubular goods materials, highly alloyed metals, high-temperature cements, high-temperature elastomers, drilling and completion tools, logging tools, and downwell pumps. A brief overview is presented.


The Hilbert transformation together with empirical mode decomposition (EMD) produces Hilbert spectrum (HS) which is a fine-resolution time-frequency representation of any nonlinear and non-stationary signal. The EMD decomposes the mixture signal into some oscillatory components each one is called intrinsic mode function (IMF). Some modification of the conventional EMD is proposed here. The instantaneous frequency of every real valued IMF component is computed with Hilbert transformation. The HS is constructed by arranging the instantaneous frequency spectra of IMF components. The HS of the mixture signal is decomposed into subspaces corresponding to the component sources. The decomposition is performed by applying independent component analysis (ICA) and Kulback-Leibler divergence based K-means clustering on the selected number of bases derived from HS of the mixture. The time domain source signals are assembled by applying some post processing on the subspaces. We have produced experimental results using the proposed separation technique.


To evaluate the effectiveness of approaches to improve policies toward the development of small and medium enterprises, this article assesses the efficiency of directed credit programs and the impact of a liberalized design of a specific project.


A research study on "Structural, Histological, and Spectral Characterization of 'Jicama' (Smallanthus sonchifolius)", was carried out in Loma Grande Neighborhood, Latacunga Canton, Cotopaxi Province, during the year 2013. The general purpose of this study was to generate, systematize, and standardize the graphic and spectral information on digital media of the macro and micro structures of 'Jicama', for academic and research applications. The study was conducted using high resolution images captured with high-tech equipment. It allowed for identification of each part of the plant, followed with didactic theoretical information. An interactive website that is user-friendly was designed. Three fundamental aspects were taken into account. Firstly, a structural characterization using a 46-megapixel SIGMA camera with 3 RGB sensors and a 250mm zoom lens visualized macro structural images. It showed the basic characteristics of the plant (roots, steam, leaves, flowers, fruit, and seed). Meanwhile, a stereoscope visualized macro structural images (seeds, sepal, petals, etc). Secondly, a histological characterization was created using an AMSCOPE microscope, 80x, 200x, 800x lens, and microscopy equipment to generate microstructural images (conducting vessels, tissues, epidermis, stomata, etc). With the support of the Ecuadorian Space Institute (Instituto Espacial Ecuatoriano), a hyperspectral spectroradiometer took the spectral signature of the 'Jicama' (Smallanthus sonchifolius) plant in order to generate a spectral characterization. It resolved the reflectance generated by each light wave within the visible spectrum. According to the spectrum, it shows which are the light waves that the plant absorbs and the light waves that are reflected. The wavelengths are measured in "nanometers" within the light spectrum. The study concluded that is important to boost future research and better the teaching – learning process and academic development.


Venture capital (VC) has played an important financial supplementary role in the development of high-tech enterprises. With the intensification of economic policy uncertainty, VC investment behavior has been affected to a certain extent. Under the framework of the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on general corporate investment behavior, this article examines the impact of EPU on the investment behavior of VC institutions from four aspects, namely, investment quantity, investment phase, investment industry, and investment region. The study finds that in China, EPU has a good news effect, and its intensification can boost the investment quantity of VC institutions and stimulate institutions to choose more specialized investment strategies in terms of investment phase, investment industry, and investment region. The impact of EPU on the investment behavior of VC institutions changes with the investment state of the institutions. The larger the investment quantity of the VC institutions, the greater the promotion effect. VC institutions with a higher degree of investment concentration will pay more attention to specialized investment strategies.


This invention relates to a hairbrush that comprises bristles or bunches of bristles arranged in parallel rows. The length of the bristles in each row differs from row to row in the direction in which the brush is moved through the hair of a person whose hair is being brushed so as to have the row of longest bristles lift or fluff each successive increment of hair it engages and have the successive rows of successively shorter bristles smooth down each successive increment of hair that has been lifted by the longer bristles in the previous rows that engage the hair.


The influence of sex, spawning, starvation and water temperature on the fatty acid composition of Tilapia mossambica has been studied. Tilapia egg lipid was found to have unusually high percentage of C sub(22:6) fatty acids (9.09%) compared to body and intestinal lipids. The C sub(16:1) acid was much less in the egg lipids (3.5%) whereas it was 11% in the body lipids. There was no significant difference in the fatty acid composition of body and intestinal lipids of male and female tilapia. Starvation caused the presence of high content of lower fatty acids (C sub(6), C sub(8), C sub(30), C sub(12) and C sub(33)) in the body lipids. Water temperature also influenced the fatty acid composition of Tilapia; the difference was more significant in body lipids than in intestinal lipids.


ATMA is a society of key stakeholders involved in agricultural activities for sustainable agricultural development in the district. It is a focal point for integrating research and extension activities and decentralizing day-to-day management of the public Agricultural Technology System (ATS). It is a registered society responsible for technology dissemination at the district level. As a society, it would be able to receive and expend project funds, entering into contracts and agreements and maintaining revolving accounts that can be used to collect fees and thereby recovering operating cost.


Advanced experimental techniques have been developed for application in the volkswagen automotive wind tunnels using such procedures as laser-doppler anemometry (lda) for field flow measurements, laser-light-sheet techniques for flow visualization, probe positioning by robot, and, frontal area determination by laser reflection system. Experiences with these experimental techniques are detailed and examples of test results, and their usefulness in automotive aerodynamics, are discussed. For the covering abstract see IRRD 819832.


An information processing apparatus for wireless terminal device and billing method for a communication system. The information processing apparatus comprising: a detecting unit, configured to a plurality of wireless terminal devices, usage right of shared relates to providing wireless connectivity to mobile network operator's right to use the subscription authentication information transferred between the wireless terminal device; and calculation means, costs relating to the subscription authentication information is configured to occur after the detected transition in a case where the usage rights based on the billing information for the right to use the radio terminal apparatus is transferred to the set transfer calculation. Calculation means for acquiring a history of use related to the subscription authentication information to the wireless terminal device according to the usage rights involved in the transfer, as the use history subscription authentication information, and based on the use history of branch history detected usage rights, subscription authentication information and billing information to calculate the costs relating to the subscription authentication information.


During the design, commissioning and operation of a linac-driven Free Electron Laser (FEL) it is important to have a good understanding of the implications of accelerator design choices on beam figures of merit. This simulation engine combines a full state-space model of the RF system (High-Power Amplifier, RF cavities, LLRF controllers, etc.), a characterization of beam properties such as energy, bunch length and arrival time as electrons propagate through the Linac and beam-based feedback. The combination of these models with the ability to introduce both correlated and uncorrelated noise sources at any point of the machine, allows for a complete transposition of noise sources to beam performance parameters, including frequency dependence, in order to analyze implications of accelerator design choices in a simulation environment.


The aim of this research is to know how the biotechneur program influences towards creative thinking skills of biology preservices teacher. The lessons were held for 14 lectures, divided into four phases. Each phase contains learning strategies that support the formation of students' creative thinking skills. The subjects in this study is 34 biology preservices teacher who take biotechnology courses at the University of Wiralodra. The instrument used in this research is 5 essay test items of creative thinking skill in biotechnology. The answers are then given a score using assessment guidelines rubric to obtain data in the form of a score at the time before and after learning. The data is then analyzed quantitatively with the result n-gain value in the medium category and in a significant decision. Based on the results of data analysis it can be concluded that the biotechneur program influences towards creative thinking skills of biology preservices teacher, with all the creative thinking aspects has been developed very well. This research has also revealed that biotechnology programs can be combined with entrepreneurship, and not just an enhanced creative thinking skill but also produce biotechnology products that made from local resources and have high economic value.


The goal of this study is to bring out the following conclusion. Let $ R $ be a noncommutative prime ring with $ 2(m+n)! $ torsion freeness and let $ m $ and $ n $ be fixed, non-negative integers and $ d, g $ be Jordan derivations on $ R $. If $ x^{m+n}d(x)+x^mg(x)x^n\in Z(R) $ or $ d(x)x^{m+n}+x^mg(x)x^n\in Z(R) $ or $ x^{n}d(x)x^{m}+x^mg(x)x^n\in Z(R) $ then $ d = g = 0 $ follows for every $ x\in R $.


Purpose: To determine the absolute dose delivered for a given exposed optical density of GAFCHROMIC® EBT film over a range of 0.25 to 14 Gy and over a range of distances from 1cm to 4cm in water for a Xoft Axxent® Model S700 X‐ray Source. Method and Materials: GAFCHROMIC film is used for dose delivery validation for the Xoft x‐ray source and associated applicators used to deliver prescription dose distributions. Custom Gammex RMI 457 Solid Water™ film fixtures were designed to locate both a PTW34013 ionization chamber and a film coupon at precise distances from the x‐ray source. The fixtures complete integral rotations around the x‐ray source during exposures to minimize azimuthal effects. Three sets of 12 exposures were performed for the dose range at each distance. Film coupons were scanned with an Epson® Expression® 10000XL scanner and the maximum pixel value was determined for each coupon corresponding to the calibrated ionization chambermeasured dose. Results: The measured maximum pixel values for each data set were fit to a 5th order polynomial.Calibration coefficients were determined at different distances from the x‐ray source to investigate spectral differences. All fits were well behaved with residuals within ±4%. Differences between the fitted dose as a function of distance were small, indicating little sensitivity of the film to the range of source spectra. This calibration was applied to Xoft Axxent Vaginal Applicator validation study films, producing good agreement with the isodose contours predicted by BrachyVision™ treatment planningsoftware.Conclusion: A precise calibration of GAFCHROMIC EBT film was performed for the Xoft x‐ray source using a PTW 34013 ionization chamber. It showed no significant difference in the measured optical density for a given measured dose over a distance range of 1cm to 4cm. Conflict of Interest: Research sponsored by Xoft, Inc.


How does a society remember its past? How does it negotiate between what are often competing encounters with history and myth, inscribing "collective memory" and establishing tradition within (or even without) a nationalist discourse? How do Jews, in particular, understand and define themselves, and their communities, in light of recent and ancient history? How, in short, do we find our way, amid the rubble of the past, to our present reality? In recent years, there has been a virtual explosion of academic research into the issue of collective or cultural memory, but while such discussions are currently fashionable across several disciplinary lines in the human sciences, a more thorough analysis of the development of the concept, its particular crystallizations and constructions, and its broader relevance has been lacking. One recent article, "Collective Memory—What Is It?" by Noa Gedi and Yigal Elam, attempts to address this lack by considering the utility and validity of the term in historical discourse (noting as well its "complementary counterpart 'narrative'"),2 chiding the "memoriologists" for treating memory as if it were a living entity and for reifying in the collective what only applies to the individual. For Gedi and Elam, "collective memory" can function only as metaphor, code for the thing (which is not) that stands behind the myths, traditions, customs, and so on of a given society. Thus, they critique the classic work of Maurice Halbwachs on the subject, arguing that for him, "'collective memory' has become the allpervading concept which in effect stands for all sorts of human cognitive products generally."3 This is the pure form of the criticism they level at most contemporary users of the term, which is read as a catchall conglomeration of cognitive processes concerned with the meaning of the past in the present that has insinuated itself too far into an academy that should know better, an academy that suffers deterioration and disintegration as the result of the term's prominence.


The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat has recently been established as a novel model of nonobese type 2 diabetes. SDT rats exhibit inflammation and fibrosis in and around the islets during development of the disease. To clarify the genetic basis of the disease, we previously performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of glucose tolerance at 20 weeks of age using backcrossed progeny produced from the (BNSDT)F1� SDT cross. The analysis identified three major QTLs (Gisdt1, Gisdt2, and Gisdt3) on rat chromosomes 1, 2, and X, respectively. To examine genetic factors for diabetes, glucose tolerance, islet inflammation, and fibrosis in the SDT rat, we also performed genetic analysis of these traits at 60 weeks of age using intercrossed progeny produced from the (F344� SDT)F2 cross. Genetic analysis of diabetes identified a major locus, Dmsdt1, on chromosome 3. QTL analysis of blood glucose levels revealed, in addition to Dmsdt1, three other loci (Dmsdt2, Dmsdt3, and Dmsdt4) on chromosome 8, 13, and 14, respectively. Analysis of a congenic strain for Dmsdt1 (F344.SDT-Dmsdt1) indicates that the dominantly acting SDT allele induces islet inflammation and fibrosis. These data clearly demonstrate that development of diabetes in the SDT rat is controlled by the combination of several QTLs with considerable effects. Identification of the genes responsible would provide greater understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of diabetes.


SOMMARY A simple method for the determination of titer of total hemolytic complement activity is described.The principle of the method is based on the original CH 50 hemolysis method of Mayer.Modifications employed are;a reduced reaction volume,only a single colorimetric determination and addition of undiluted test serum to the reaction mixture.A table is constructed for easy calculation of the sample's titer.The assay is simple,rapid, economic and quantitative.The complement titers in sera measured by this new method correlate very well with those measured by the original method,r=0.998(least squares regression),n=80. the correct


Many of the 2-adic properties of the 3x+1 map generalize to the analogous mx+r map, where m and r are odd integers. We introduce the corresponding autoconjugacy map, prove some simple properties of it and make some further conjectures in the general setting, including weak versions of the periodicity and divergent trajectories conjectures.


Let G=(V, A) be a directed, asymmetric graph and C a subset of vertices, and let B/sub r//sup -/(v) denote the set of all vertices x such that there exists a directed path from x to v with at most r arcs. If the sets B/sub r//sup -/(v) /spl cap/ C, v /spl isin/ V (respectively, v /spl isin/ V/spl bsol/C), are all nonempty and different, we call C an r-identifying code (respectively, an r-locating-dominating code) of G. In other words, if C is an r-identifying code, then one can uniquely identify a vertex v /spl isin/ V only by knowing which codewords belong to B/sub r//sup -/(v), and if C is r-locating-dominating, the same is true for the vertices v in V/spl bsol/C. We prove that, given a directed, asymmetric graph G and an integer k, the decision problem of the existence of an r-identifying code, or of an r-locating-dominating code, of size at most k in G, is NP-complete for any r/spl ges/1 and remains so even when restricted to strongly connected, directed, asymmetric, bipartite graphs or to directed, asymmetric, bipartite graphs without directed cycles.


Progresses of NATTOH model are described, in which the cold fusions is based on hydrogen‐catalyzed fusion reactions of intra‐and inter‐clusters. A critical equation and time‐behaviors of power have been derived. And related experiments are also described: emission of new particles ''iton'' and ''quad‐neutron''. The latter has decayed by the gravity to an explosion. Furthermore microscopic observations of Pd metals suggests that not only hydrogens but also Pd metals can be burned by the gravity decay.


In this study we construct a simulator of a data base management system running in a virtual memory environment. We use the simulator to investigate the value of using an I/O buffer in this environment. The simulator is driven by trace data obtained with a software probe. The simulator is validated and is used to verify a theoretical model which predicts paging and disk access rates produced by use of an I/O buffer in a virtual memory environment. Results from a multi-factor set of simulation experiments are analyzed. The factors include three page replacement algorithms, four buffer management algorithms, five virtual buffer sizes, three values for real memory and six well known and widely differing distributions for creating sequences of requests to the simulated data base management system.


This report describes the methods used to control the quality of the data collected in the 1991 Italian census and to correct faulty data. The procedures used to check and correct the data at both the national and the provincial level are described and consideration is given to regional differences in the quality of the data collected. (ANNOTATION)