This essay analyzes the impact of presidential leadership on minority set-asides policy. It traces the origins of the policy and shows how presidents have both promoted and reacted to changes in public opinion. It also shows how local politicians use set-asides to facilitate exchanges and cooperation with the business elites. The termination of set-aside policies will lead to a negative effect on government efforts to incorporate minorities into the economic mainstream.


This paper investigates service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty in Airbnb accommodation. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a non-probability sample of 202 international tourists in Phuket, Thailand, which is one of the top tourist destinations worldwide. The results verify that a positive relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty exists, and that satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between service quality and loyalty. Furthermore, the paper suggests key steps managers could take to enhance customer experience in a way that would benefit the lodgings industry and the destinations.


The paper presents a novel approach to assessment of ventricular dyssynchrony basing on multichannel electrical impedance measurements. Using a proper placement of electrodes, the sensitivity approach allows estimating time difference between chambers contraction from over determined nonlinear system of equations. The theoretical considerations which include Finite Element Method simulations were verified using measurements on healthy 28 year's old woman. The nonlinear least squares method was applied to obtain a time difference between heart chambers contraction. The obtained value was in a good agreement with theoretical values found in literature.


Since the introduction of tissue engineering as an encouraging method for the repair and regeneration of injured tissue, there have been many attempts by researchers to construct bio-mimetic scaffolds which mimic the native extracellular matrix, with the aim of promoting cell growth, cell proliferation, and restoration of the tissue's native functionality. Among the different materials and methods of scaffold fabrication, one particularly promising class of materials, hydrogels, has been extensively studied, with the inclusion of nano-scaled materials into hydrogels leading to the creation of an exciting new generation of nanocomposites, known as nanocomposite hydrogels. To closely mimic the native tissue behavior, scientists have recently focused on the functionalization of incorporated nanomaterials via chiral biomolecules, with reported results showing great potential. The current article aims to introduce a perspective of nano-scaled cellulose as a promising nanomaterial which can be multi-functionalized for the fabrication of nanocomposite hydrogels with applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. This article also briefly reviews the recently reported literature on nanocomposite hydrogels incorporated with chiral functionalized nanomaterials. Such knowledge paves the path for the development of tailored hydrogels toward practical applications.


This paper builds on an emergent scholarly interest in the political geography of the contemporary city. If recent struggles over the meaning of urban space testify to the interarticulation of neo-liberal norms with an increasingly revanchist approach to local governance, the main aim of the paper is to acknowledge various attempts to contest these developments. More specifically, it seeks to highlight the role and significance of the German Hausbesetzerbewegung (squatter movement) from the 1960s onwards. Despite a growing body of literature on the role of '1968' as a watershed moment in the evolution of new social movements in West Germany, there remains little empirical work on the role of squatter movements within a broader matrix of protest and resistance. To what extent was the squatter movement in West Germany successful in articulating a creative reworking of the built form and urban space more generally? In what way were these counterclaims to the city performed? And how were these alternative cartographies organised at the level of the everyday? The paper proposes to answer these framing questions with particular reference to Berlin's squatting scene and longstanding struggles since the late 1960s over architectural space, ecological practice and 'insurgent' forms of citizenship.


In this paper, considering the decode-and-forward (DF) relay scheme, we study the optimal design of power allocation for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) secure communication, where the relay carries out wireless information and power transfer (WIPT) by time switching(TS) scheme. Our objective is to maximize the achievable secrecy rate subject to the power constraint of the source and the energy harvesting (EH) relay. However, the problems are non-convex. By exploiting their special structure, we equivalently transform the non-convex optimization problem into a quasi-convex problem and solve it by a simple algorithm using bisection. At each step of the algorithm, we will solve a convex feasibility problem by the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions and obtain the closed-form solution. At the end, simulation results verify that the proposed optimal solution outperforms that for conventional equal power solutions.


Virtual communities have proliferated in recent years - phenomenon triggered by technological developments and by the increased use of the internet. Virtual currency is considered to be a specific type of electronic money mostly used for online transactions. Virtual currency no doubt fulfils some of the criteria meant for e money; there is one basic difference. E-money is primarily subject to the operational risks. In contrast virtual currencies face credit, liquidity and operational risk without any kind of underlying legal framework. Bit coin is the world's first completely decentralised digital currency. Bitcoin is probably the most successful and probably most controversial- virtual currency scheme to date. Bit coins are 'mined similarly to gold meaning there is a finite supply in the world. Aside from being digital, there are few similarities between Bitcoin and e-money. The incentives of Bitcoins are that the transactions are anonymous as accounts are not registered and Bitcoins are sent directly from one computer to another. There are concerns about whether hacking could compromise the bitcoin economy, such as Security Breaches, Criminal Uses, and volatility.


been challenged by the theorists of an early growth that could be dated even further back, to the Carolingian period. The many factors shaping the growth, and their geographic spread, are debated in the essays in this volume, questioning the Malthusian-Ricardian paradigm of a growth limited by the availability of (agrarian) resources. Growth is now linked to the environment, to institutions, to trading networks; medieval growth, above all, is related to the agrarian world, to the links connecting peasants and the owners of land, to the increase in labor productivity in the countryside and its several causes. The economic geography of medieval growth, and its effect on the standard of living (moving from growth to progress) is also emphasized in this volume: the long expansive period had different outcomes in different European regions. Along these very general lines, contributors analyze and dissect, using a historiographic and theoretical approach first to debate the models that have been connected to the concept of economic development in the framework of the Western Middle Ages, and then to challenge the (mostly) neoclassical framework that economic historians tend to adopt in studying growth. The authors discuss the definition and measure of medieval economic growth and its phases and spaces, tackling climate variability and the forms of societies, the progress in agrarian production, the varied textile manufactures, the idea of a medieval industrious revolution, and demographic change. They debate commercial infrastructure and the diffusion of means of payment, the enlargement of cities and the dynamics of consumption, the relationship (also in terms of energy) between center and periphery, the existence of social inequalities (in medieval Italy), the perception of growth in contemporary sources, and the setback in the mid-fourteenth century. Further, in the case study of medieval Pistoia, the connection between visual arts and growth, competing empires in the Mediterranean area, and the influx of Byzantine artists completes the economic framework. In his final remarks, Alberto Grohmann comes full circle: quoting economists such as Robert Solow, he looks back, stressing the importance of economic thought that the authors chose instead to bypass. Readers will judge, but the book holds a very precious quality indeed—it helps us to think.


A fuzzy controlling system on vacuum freeze-dehydration production line which solves the problems of over-adjust and over-time is introduced. Its composition,main function and implementating method are discussed in dletail.


The aim of the Lexikon des frühgriechischen Epos is to increase our understanding of Homer's world through a precise analysis of his words. The way to proceed was shown by the founder of the lexicon, Bruno Snell, who famously reconstructed the Homeric notion of self, or rather the lack thereof, on the basis of a set of words. At first sight, a contribution dealing with demonstrative pronouns may not seem appropriate to a volume celebrating the completion of the Lexikon: pronouns are virtually passed over in the Lexikon, as are most so-called 'Formwörter'. However, I hope to show that even words like ὅδε and οὗτος can tell us much about Homer, notably about an important aspect of his narrative art. I will start by establishing what in my view these pronouns do not do (section 1); I will then analyse in detail how they function within the fabric of Homer's narrative (sections 2–4), and end with an evaluation of the cumulative effect of their presence (section 5).


As ride-hailing apps proliferate the globe, the year-old An Nisa Taxi in Kenya is one of the standouts in Africa.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to new phospholipid curcumine complexes or to extracts containing it exhibiting improved bioavailability. The phospholipid curcumine complex or the extract containing it in which a phospholipid is a soya phospholipid and the phospholipid to parity to curcumine ratio is found within the certain range. A method for preparing the phospholipid complex. The phospholipid curcumine complex or the extract containing it prepared by the method described above. A pharmaceutical composition containing the phospholipid complex exhibiting chemoprophylactic activity. Using the phospholipid complex for preparing chemoprophylactic agents. EFFECT: phospholipid complexes exhibit the improved bioavailability. 7 cl, 1 tbl, 4 ex


An Enterocutaneous fistulae (ECF) also known Gastro-intestinal fistulae, communicates between stomach, small or large bowel and skin, allowing gastrointestinal contents to flow on to the skin. The majority of ECF (75% - 90%) are the result of previous surgeries but it is estimated that 10% - 25% of the patients may develop an ECF without having had a surgical procedure. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is used extensively in the acute and chronic wound care arena of health care. It has become a standard of care for many types of wound from non-healing diabetic foot ulcer and burns to traumatic and surgical wounds. Recently attention has been paid using this system for the treatment of catastrophic abdominal wounds and open abdomen with ECF. We present 3 cases of ECF arising within open abdomen managed successfully by Vacuum assisted Negative pressure wound therapy.


Abstract : This report provides a simple description of the basic principles and guidelines that should be observed in selecting materials for shelters, in designing and planning shelters, and in constructing shelters in desert and tropical climates. The report identifies preferred construction materials, design methods, and construction technique for buildings to be located in these two climatic regions. The guidelines presented in the report are based on actual field experience by the Army, Navy, and Air Force as well as research of existing literature pertinent to construction in desert and tropic regions. This report supercedes an earlier report by A. Kao and J. Cook entitled 'Preliminary Design and Construction Guidelines for Vertical Construction in Desert and Tropical Theaters of Operation' (CERL Interim Report C-74) published in October, 1976. (Author)


Abstract The Lp-improving properties of convolution operators with measures supported on space curves have been studied by various authors. If the underlying curve is non-degenerate, the convolution with the (Euclidean) arclength measure is a bounded operator from L3/2()3 into L2(3). Drury suggested that in case the underlying curve has degeneracies the appropriate measure to consider should be the affine arclength measure and the obtained a similar result for homogeneous curves t→(t, t2, tk), t >0 for k ≥ 4. This was further generalized by Pan to curves t → (t, tk, tt), t > 0 for l < k < l, k+l ≥ 5. In this article, we will extend Pan's result to (smooth) compact curves of finite type whose tangents never vanish. In addition, we give an example of a flat curve with the same mapping properties.


We investigate the achievable stability region for redundancy systems and a quite general workload model with different job types and heterogeneous servers, reflecting job-server affinity relations which may arise from data locality issues and soft compatibility constraints. Under the assumption that job types are known beforehand we establish for New-Better-than-Used (NBU) distributed speed variations that no replication gives a strictly larger stability region than replication. Strikingly, this does not depend on the underlying distribution of the intrinsic job sizes, but observing the job types is essential for this statement to hold. In case of non-observable job types we show that for New-Worse-than-Used (NWU) distributed speed variations full replication gives a larger stability region than no replication.


of fasting in rat. These results are consistent with other studies that showed diminished rates of glycogenolysis and glycogen levels after 20-24 hours of fasting in rats (5,6). Our data indicates that the majority of gluconeogenic carbons were derived from PEP with only minor contributions from glycerol. For the 4-6.5-hour fasted group, the H5/H2 enrichment ratio was 0.62 ± 0.08 and the H6S/H2 ratio was 0.45 ± 0.07. From this data, the relative contribution of glycogen was 38 ±8% , glycerol, 17 ±2%a nd PEP 45 ±7% . The contribution of glycogen to hepatic glucose output was significantly higher in comparison to the 24-26.5 hour fasted group (p < 0.001) indicating that glycogenolytic flux was significant after 4-6.5 hours of fasting. The relative contribution of PEP was significantly lower in the 4-6.5 hour compared to 24-26.5 hour fasted group (p < 0.0005) while the contribution from glycerol was not significantly different between the groups. Discussion In conclusion, the relative rates of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the rat, as measured by 2H NMR spectroscopy of monoacetone glucose, are significantly altered by physiologically-relevant changes in nutritional state. We anticipate that these measurements will also be sensitive to other interventions or disease models that alter hepatic glycogen metabolism in the rat.


The large-scale occurrence of gas hydrates in marine sediments has attracted increased attention over the last decade, but the origin of methane remains a major open question associated with these hydrocarbons. Iodine is a strongly biophilic element and has one long-lived cosmogenic isotope, I. The half-life of this isotope is 15.7 Ma, giving it a dating range of about 80 Ma. A strong enrichment of iodine (and, to a lesser degree, of bromine) has been observed in pore waters associated with gas hydrates, which suggests that the I system can be used for the dating of iodine in these fluids. We report here new results from two ODP legs, Peru Margin (ODP 201) and Hydrate Ridge (ODP 204) and compare them to earlier investigations of pore fluids collected from the hydrate field at the Nankai Trough (Fehn et al., 2003), and from Blake Ridge, ODP 164 (Fehn et al., 2000). In all of these cases, ages found for the iodine in the pore waters are considerably older than the ages of the sediments hosting the pore waters and the gas hydrates. Most of the ages range between 25 and 55 Ma, in some cases giving quite uniform ages for a set of samples (i.e. Blake Ridge), while showing considerable variation in other cases. The results suggest that iodine and, by association, methane is not derived in-situ, but from organic material much older than the host sediments. The distribution of isotopic values in specific cases reflects the history of advection and mixing between advected and resident iodine.


Six stages of floral development were identified and related to air temperature in Carya illinoensis (Wang.) K. Koch, cv. Western. Initiation (the first microscopically visible evidence of floral primordia) was detected on April 4, 1973, after an accumulation of 537 heat units. On April 10 a total of 598 heat units were accumulated when 93% of the buds sampled had initiated pistillate flowers. Floral development occurred normally, uniformly, and in concert with the heat units accumulated.


This paper established a regression model for the growth development curve in the construction industry using the cross-sectional method and the data from 44 countries.The regression result indicates that the proportion of added value in the construction industry to the per capita gross national product in the gross domestic product shows pour U curve,which corresponds with the Kuznets curve.Based on the regression model,the industrial development situation was evaluated during the 11-five-year plan in the construction industry.The reasons for the development level being higher than the regression predicted value were analyzed.The suggestions were proposed to improve the rational and sustainable development through the industrial adjustment from the aspects of human resource,enterprises,investment,and technological innovation.


On the basis of Yuncheng City water resources development and utilization of the status and the systematic analysis of water demand,discussed the problems of Yuncheng City in water resources development and utilization and proposed the approach for Yuncheng City to achieve sustainable development and utilization of water resources.


. In this study the morphology and organization of the retina of Caspian kutum and fish response to ambient light via retinomotor reaction were investigated. The Rutilus frisii subsp. kutum is an anadromous fish and an important native taxa of the Caspian Sea. The specimens were obtained from Shahid Ansari Teleost Reproduction and Culture Center (Guilan Province, Iran). The fish were exposed to light and darkness conditions for at least 30 minutes prior to death for adaptation. The eye retinae were dissected out and processed for histological and SEM studies. The eye retina of Caspian kutum, similar to most vertebrates, was found to be composed of ten layers. Two types of photoreceptor cells, rods and short single cones, were identified. No particular patterns of cone arrangement was observed in sagittal and transverse retinal sections. The retinomotor response observed in retina adapted to light and dark conditions revealed that Caspian kutum strongly reacted to changing light conditions. A remarkable pigment index indicated that Caspian kutum relied mostly on rod rather than cone vision. The movement of pigment granules and the slight change of cone myoid showed that the fish could recognize colors.


See next page for additional authors This working paper is hosted by The Berkeley Electronic Press (bepress) and may not be commercially reproduced without the permission of the copyright holder. For a better understanding of the biology of an organism a complete description is needed of all regions of the genome that are actively transcribed. Tiling arrays can be used for this purpose. Such arrays allow the discovery of novel transcripts and the assessment of differential expression between two or more experimental conditions such as genotype, treatment, tissue, etc. Much of the initial methodological efforts were designed for transcript discovery, while more recent developments also focus on differential expression. To our knowledge no methods for tiling arrays are described in the literature that can both assess transcript discovery and identify differentially expressed transcripts, simultaneously. The wavelet based functional model developed in this paper is designed to fill this methodologi-cal void. As opposed to existing methods, our statistical framework also permits a natural integration of preprocessing into the standard statistical analysis flow of tiling array data. We use Johnson transformations , which are based on cumulants, for computing false discovery rates (FDRs) and Bayesian credibility intervals for the estimates of the effect functions within the data space. A case study illustrates that our model is well suited for a simultaneous assessment of transcript discovery and differential expression, while remaining competitive with methods that perform only one of these tasks. 1. Introduction. In the last decade the genomes of many organisms have been entirely sequenced (e.g. Kim et al., 2006). A detailed description of all genomic regions that are actively transcribed is needed for enhancing the knowledge of the organisms functioning and the regulation of its transcriptional networks. The complete set of these RNA transcripts is referred to as the transcriptome. It seems almost impossible to derive the entire transcriptome from the complete genome sequence alone. In addition, the transcriptome and the transcription level can vary considerably between different tissues and they typically depend on external environmental conditions (e.g. Halasz et al., 2006). Thus, expression profiling has to be assessed experimentally. Genomic tiling arrays can provide an unbiased quantification


(60) Provisional application No. 60/441,357, filed on Jan. 21, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/463,095, filed on Apr. 15, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/464,179, filed on Apr. 21, 2003. Provisional appli cation No. 60/465,055, filed on Apr. 23, 2003. Pro visional application No. 60/469,628, filed on May 8, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/474,680, filed on May 29, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/491, 019, filed on Jul. 29, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/512,071, filed on Oct. 17, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/537,201, filed on Jan. 16, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/537,045, filed on Jan. 16, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/428,102, filed on Nov. 21, 2002. Provisional application No. 60/469,628, filed on May 8, 2003. Provisional appli cation No. 60/464,239, filed on Apr. 21, 2003. Pro visional application No. 60/465,053, filed on Apr. 23, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/469,628, filed on May 8, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/474, 133, filed on May 29, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/474,680, filed on May 29, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/486,580, filed on Jul. 11, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/489,810, filed on Jul. 23, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/491,019, filed on Jul. 29, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/503,596, filed on Sep. 16, 2003.


growthfactor receptors including theepidermal growthfactorreceptor function through tyrosine kinase activity. Theaimofthisstudy wastoexaminethe constitutive level oftyrosine phosphory- lation inthenormalduodenumandinthe hyperproliferative coeliac duodenum.A flowcytometric assaywasdevised using monoclonal antibody tophosphorylated (butnotnative) tyrosine residues todeter- minethelevels oftyrosine phosphory- lation inbothCD3positive intraepithelial lymphocytes andCD3 negative epithelial cellsobtained by EDTA treatment of endoscopically obtained duodenal biopsy specimens. In addition, immunohisto- chemistry wasperformed on18formalin fixedcoeliac duodenal biopsyspecimens andeightcontrol specimens. Tyrosine phosphorylation couldbedetected byflow cytometry on duodenal enterocytes and thisexpression wasupregulated bypre- treatment withepidermal growthfactor. Tyrosine phosphorylation decreased with progression fromthevillus tothecrypt, however, andwasvirtually undetectable on cryptenterocytes. Immunohisto- chemistryof the coeliacduodenum showedvirtually absenttyrosine phos- phorylation inthecrypt. Increased tyro- sinephosphorylation wasdetected inthe infiltrating Tcells. Inconclusion, tyrosine phosphorylation in the duodenumis confined tothenon-proliferativ e villous epithelium andisvirtually undetectable in the proliferative cryptcompartment. Thesefindings suggestthattyrosine kinase activity isnotasignificant factor in theregulation ofcryptcell proliferation in thehumanduodenumeither innormal subjects orincoeliac disease patients. (Gut1995; 36:34-38)


Nasal polyps are noncancerous inflammatory growths within the nose or sinuses. Symptoms may vary ranging from breathing difficulty through the nose, loss of smell sensation, reduced taste, post-nasal drip, and a runny nose. The growths are movable, fleshy and nontender, though face pain may present occasionally. Complications may include recurrent sinusitis, widening of the nose and destruction of the nasal bones. The exact cause is still not clear. Polyposis most probably is related to chronic inflammation of the lining of the nasal mucosa and sinuses. They occur more commonly among people who have allergies, cystic fibrosis, aspirin sensitivity, or certain fungal infections. Symptoms of polyps include nasal congestion, loss of smell, facial pressure, nasal speech, thick nasal discharge, and mouth breathing. According to different studies done worldwide, fungal elements are suspected to be one of the causative agents of chronic rhinosinusitis and a fungal etiology has been considered as a cause for severe nasal polyposis. Here we report a case of nasal polyp caused by Rhizopus species in an immune-competent adult. A proper diagnosis and treatment is necessary otherwise it may terminate into a fatal case of rhino-cerebral zygomycetes and here lies the importance of our study.


Ted is an easy character to fall in love with, even though he is made completely out of digital pixels. Rodney Appleyard talks to Ineke Majoor, Iloura's executive producer, about the more difficult challenge of bringing him to life.


The theoretical and empirical approaches showing that authenticity are the crucial concept of existentialism, postmodernism and humanistic psychology (be free, autonomic, unique, self-defining, self-creating and integrated, transcend enculturation, invent our own patterns, rise above circumstances, gather the past, present and future into the wholeness of our resolute selves, create our own meanings and goals). This article discuses especially the role of authenticity on religious maturity (Allport's intrinsic orientation, Batson's quest and Sandage's dwelling and seeking). In this paper projection method were used to examine the functioning authenticity among artistically gifted young people and its role on religious maturity. Ss (N=296 aged 15–20 yrs) had to finish sentences: 1) I'm sadly … , 2) I treasure, I like … , 3) Rational analysis… . The results of qualitative analysis revealed that the authenticity have two aspects: 1) autonomy (the freedom and loneliness, spontaneity, sensuality and creativity, 2) empathy (kindness, sensibility, emotional self-reflection, the acceptance of the imperfection, love and friendship). The findings confirmed validity of the authenticity on religious maturity as well as usefulness of considerations based on new theoretical suggestions in psychology (developmental framework of new concepts of the authenticity and religious maturity). Implications are considered for future research on dialectical understandings of religious maturity (a Wuthnow, Sandage, Shults dialectical model of spiritual development based on dwelling and seeking offers an interesting theoretical base for research).


Baroclinic waves in the atmospherics general circulation experiment (AGCE) apparatus by the use of numerical hydrostatic primitive equation models were determined. The calculation is accomplished by using an axisymmetric primitive equation model to compute, for a given set of experimental parameters, a steady state axisymmetric flow and then testing this axisymmetric flow for stability using a linear primitive equation model. Some axisymmetric flows are presented together with preliminary stability calculations.


This paper presents an intelligent method for detection of traffic signs.Which uses a particular color and shape for the detection of traffic signs.Red color and down triangle shape traffic sign is taken as an example,explain this method.This method is mainly carried out in four steps.First,convert RGB color space to HIS color space,and extract pixels with red color.Then perform LOG mask operation on the pixels got from step 1,for the detection of edges.By using neural network,we determine the angle pixels,and at the same time,we also determine on which specific angle the pixel is.And finally we detect the traffic sign by using the information of shape.We used 20 different images from different scenes to test this method,and the percentage of correctness is 100%.The experimental results reveals the good robustness,high speed,accurate detection rate of the presented method.


Opinions expressed herein belong entirely to the authors and do not necessarily represent viewpoints of the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania.


This paper discusses Martin University, the only predominantly African-American school of higher learning in Indiana. Its philosophy is that higher education needs to be made available to all who can benefit. Martin University consciously exists to assist adult-aged individuals and the whole community to become free of everything that holds the people back from higher education, career achievement, personal satisfaction, and the passionate joy of life lived to the fullest. Martin University, through its "healing" and "freedom" mission, helps adult students abrogate their negative self-imposed doubts by having the freedom to integrate their life experience and knowledge within the classroom. Instructors serve as facilitators of learning, using the andragogical approach developed by the educational theorist Malcolm Knowles. In a random survey of approximately 60 Martin University students, over 90% reported their great satisfaction with Martin University as a place of learning. (BT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. The Impact of Age-Discrimination on Older People of Color Who Wish to Teach 1 Research Paper Presentation: AERA Conference April 10, 2001 Seattle, WA


This study purposed to analyze the positive effects of greenroof. The target area was Hopyeoung culture and sports center, and survey was conducted in July, each 2012~2014. As a result, there were correlations between each surface temperature-relative humidity, and surface temperature-atmosphere temperature. With this, the study analyzed how decreased surface temperature effect atmosphere temperature and relative humidity. It showed that because of the greenroof surface temperature decreased of 1.5~3.15℃, and relative humidity increased of 6.16~12.80%


Abstract The government effectiveness and control of corruption is general principle supported in the public sector. By using cross-national secondary data from 191 countries, this study examines how the development of e-government relates to this principle through a two-step cluster analysis. Considering the critical roles of senior civil servants in enacting administrative reforms, the Public Service Bargains (PSB) Theory was employed to analyze the similarities and differences among clustered countries in terms of the level of professionalism, the autonomy of civil services, and the nature of political-administrative relationships. The empirical results indicate a positive association between e-governments' development and government effectiveness, as well as between e-governments' development, and their control of corruption. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on the importance of establishing a stable PSB, whether a trustee or agency type, with the minimal internal bureaucratic resistance needed to successfully enact e-governments' development and eventually improve the overall government's effectiveness and corruption control.


Objective To investigate the roles of chondrocytes,scaffolds and pore size in the chondrogenesis of tissue engineered cartilage.Methods The techniques of three dimentional cell culture and implantation were used.Results The primary chondrocytes seeded to any scaffold were not proliferated and did not have any neocartilage formation.In contrary,the chondrocytes of the third passage seeded into the scaffolds had an excellent proliferation and eventually regenerated neocartilage.The numbers of chondrocytes seeded into collage sponges whose pore diameters were between 25 and 100 μm were much more than those of the gelatin sponge and PDLLA foam,whose pore diameters between 100 and 550?μm.In comparsion among the constructs having been cultured in nude mice for 16 weeks,the neocartilages from the collage chondrocyte constructs,in which scaffolds degraded most thoroughly,developed best.Conclusions On the basis of the cell proliferation the third passage chondrocytes were superior to the primary chondrocytes.On the basis of the number of chondrocytes attaching the scaffolds the small pore scaffolds (25 to 100 μm) possess more advantages than the large pore scaffolds (100 to 550?μm).On the basis of the quality of the cartilage formation of the contrusts,the thorough degradation of the scafflods in constructs is the essential prerequisite for the excellent quality of neocartilage formation.


A method of preparing nitro-substituted diphenyl ethers comprises contacting a salt of a phenol with a nitro-substituted halobenzene in the presence of a phase-transfer reagent under reaction conditions and recovering the reaction product.


Based on the analytic examples of the TV programs on special topics,this article analyes the function of narratin to deepen the themes and the significance of poetic handling of TV programs on special topics from the view of the TV communications.The authors hold that the poetic handling of the narration in TV programs on special topics will add moving,affection and shaking effects on special TV programs.The article points out that,in order to realize the effects,narrations should stick to the theme,deepen the connotation and the expansion of the frame,have creatine views and combine the thought with artistic quality perfectly.


Abstract. The direct imaging of exoplanet is a leading field of today's astronomy. The photons coming from the planet carry precious information on the chemical composition of its atmosphere. The second-generation instrument, Spectro-Polarimetric High contrast Exoplanet Research (SPHERE), dedicated to detection, photometry and spectral characterization of Jovian-like planets, is now in operation on the European very large telescope. This instrument relies on an extreme adaptive optics (XAO) system to compensate for atmospheric turbulence as well as for internal errors with an unprecedented accuracy. We demonstrate the high level of performance reached by the SPHERE XAO system (SAXO) during the assembly integration and test (AIT) period. In order to fully characterize the instrument quality, two AIT periods have been mandatory. In the first phase at Observatoire de Paris, the performance of SAXO itself was assessed. In the second phase at IPAG Grenoble Observatory, the operation of SAXO in interaction with the overall instrument has been optimized. In addition to the first two phases, a final check has been performed after the reintegration of the instrument at Paranal Observatory, in the New Integration Hall before integration at the telescope focus. The final performance aimed by the SPHERE instrument with the help of SAXO is among the highest Strehl ratio pretended for an operational instrument (90% in H band, 43% in V band in a realistic turbulence r0, and wind speed condition), a limit R magnitude for loop closure at 15, and a robustness to high wind speeds. The full-width at half-maximum reached by the instrument is 40 mas for infrared in H band and unprecedented 18.5 mas in V band.


Purpose – This paper aims to present an analysis of the effectiveness of lean techniques and their applications in the supply chain using a survey administered across multiple industries. The objective of this research is to assess the performance of lean based on the specific techniques and implementation methods used, analyze strategies for implementing lean into the supply chain, and to analyze the reasons for both their success or failure.Design/methodology/approach – Through a survey administered across multiple industries to individuals familiar with lean concepts and techniques, lean performance is assessed both within the organization and their supply chain based on the specific techniques and strategies for implementation.Findings – Organizations indicated that training their suppliers in lean methodologies provided significant time and financial benefits.Research limitations/implications – Some implications for deploying lean in the supply chain in a variety of industries are discussed. A more e...


The economic use of noble metals as catalysts usually requires them to be in the form of extremely small particles, typically less than 100 A in sire. This article reviews methods for the preparation and characterisation of such particles, and their importance in catalysis. For certain limited classes of reaction, activity per unit of surface area is itself a function of particle size; possible bases for explaining this effect are discussed.


In this article, we introduce the notion of relative $\mathcal {K}$-equi-stability (RKES) to characterize the uniformly continuous dependence of (weak) solutions on external disturbances for nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs). Based on the RKES, we prove the input-to-state stability (ISS) in the spatial sup-norm for a class of nonlinear parabolic PDEs with either Dirichlet or Robin boundary disturbances. An example concerned with a superlinear parabolic PDE with Robin boundary condition is provided to illustrate the obtained ISS results. Besides, as an application of the notion of RKES, we conduct stability analysis for a class of parabolic PDEs in cascade coupled over the domain or on the boundary of the domain, in the spatial and time sup-norm, and in the spatial sup-norm, respectively. The technique of De Giorgi iteration is extensively used in the proof of the results presented in this article.


tion for years; indeed, 2 in the CPPA group had not required GnRH agonist therapy. The groups were of similar chronologic age (which averaged 14.4–16.0 years across groups) and gynecologic age (2.9–3.7 year), as well as BMI (22.2–23.3). Spontaneous LH secretion was studied at 20min intervals for 12 h overnight and again 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. in the CPP groups. The PCOS (CPPA) group had a higher mean LH level and pulse frequency at night than the CPPB and CG groups. CPPB also had a higher nocturnal LH pulse frequency than CG, although the mean LH levels did not differ. A daytime comparison of CPPA to CPPB yielded similar findings except for no difference in pulse frequency. The higher daytime than nighttime LH levels of CPPA were not significant. These CPPA findings are typical of most PCOS [3] . The increased pulse frequency of adult PCOS is most consistently demonstrable at night [1, 2] . This is because of the typical anovulatory status of PCOS patients: normally LH pulse frequency slows during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle because of the residual inhibitory effect of progesterone secreted during the previous ovulatory cycle [9] . The increased LH pulse frePublished online: June 20, 2007 HORMONE RESEARCH


The conformational entropy S and free energy F were calculated by exact enumeration of polysilane chain up to 23 segments with excluded volume (EV) and long-range van der Waals (VW) interaction. A nonlinear relation between SEV+VW and chain length n was found though SEV was found to vary linearly with n. We found that the second-order transition temperature of polysilane chain with VW interaction increases with the increase of chain length, while that of polysilane chain without VW interaction is chain length independent. Moreover, the free energies FEV+VW and FEV are both linearly related with n, and FEV+VW<FEV for all temperatures.``


In this paper we propose a refinement of Michener's (1978) well-known example classification based on data from university mathematicians. The refinement takes into account the mathematician's perspective on the role of examples in doing mathematics. More specifically, our work provides insight into the ways in which mathematicians talk about using examples in their scholarly work and their work with students. The proposed classification has the potential to inform our work as teachers as we strive to create opportunities to engage students in authentic mathematical work.


Diseases of the Colon & ReCtum Volume 57: 9 (2014) fecal incontinence (fi), the involuntary loss of flatus or stool, is arguably the most socially and psychologically debilitating condition, with younger patients less likely to be in full employment and older patients more likely to be admitted into a care home. the condition is occasionally referred to as "the silent affliction," because it may be kept a secret from family, friends, and physicians because of the social stigma attached to it. Despite significant underreporting, the national institute of Clinical excellence in the united Kingdom estimates that ≤10% of adults are affected, most commonly postpartum women because of pelvic floor weakness and anal sphincter disruption. the incidence of fi, however, is likely to increase in the future because of the shift in patient demographics toward older populations and the improvements in the surgical management of rectal cancer, which have resulted in a 3-fold increase in the number of long-term survivors over the past 3 decades. up to 90% of patients with rectal cancer may experience fi or urgency after pelvic radiotherapy or sphincter-preserving surgery. traditionally, fi is managed in specialist colorectal units with experience in procedures such as sacral nerve stimulation, sphincteroplasty, and electrically stimulated gracilis neosphincter, which are offered after failure of conservative measures (eg, diet and behavioral modification, constipating/ antimotility medication, and anal sphincter exercises with and without biofeedback) and before the eventual recourse of stoma formation for many patients. the outcome of these therapies is uncertain, but the patient commits for many years to a treatment pathway that is not necessarily compatible with his/her lifestyle, with repeated outpatient appointments, persistent or new symptoms, and postoperative complications to deal with. furthermore, the management for such patients is expensive, escalating to astronomical levels if surgery is undertaken. for example, the annual outpatient cost in the netherlands was €2169 (us $2972) per patient, whereas the average annual total cost for fi in the united states was $4110 per person, with higher annual direct costs for those with more severe symptoms. furthermore, the total charges associated with surgery in the united states increased from $34 million in 1998 to almost $60 million in 2003. in the united Kingdom, up to £100 million (us $168 million) is spent each year on treatments for the condition. if the prevalence of the condition increases as expected because of the increase in mean life expectancy and the increase in the number of patients who undergo sphincter-preserving rectal cancer surgery, the financial impact of such a benign condition on already limited healthcare resources is likely to be significant. Recently, accumulating evidence, mainly from small level iii studies, suggests that stimulation of the tibial nerve using a percutaneous or transcutaneous approach, to produce retrograde stimulation of the pelvic nerves, can be used to achieve symptom improvement. the percutaneous approach was found to be more effective than the transcutaneous route in a small, randomized controlled trial with short follow-up (6 months). in the largest study to date, with 119 patients receiving percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation, sustained improvements were seen in the clinical parameters (eg, incontinence score and deferment time), with >50% of patients experiencing a >50% reduction in incontinence episodes, with followup extending to 42 months. significantly, these improvements were accompanied by an increase in the quality-of-life scores, Treatment of Fecal Incontinence in the Era of Neuromodulation: Is It Time to Rethink Our Approach?


In this paper,the following results are proved as follows: 1) The set of cone upper semi-continuity compact set-valued maps defined on compact subsets in a complete metric space is also a complete metric space.2) The weakly efficient solution maps of optimization problems for cone upper semi-continuity set-valued maps are upper semi-continuous.3) The weakly efficient solution maps of optimization problems are generic continuous under the tremble conditions of both domain and maps of optimization.


After nearly a century of neglect, agriculture is receiving increased attention from intellectuals concerned with social ethics. Along with the ethical dimensions of agriculture's impact on the environment and nonhuman animals, one fundamental ethical concern is the plight of the family farm, the traditional farming unit around the globe. The family farm is considered by many ethicists to have special moral, cultural, or political-economic significance, and various social and economic forces—especially new agricultural technologies—appear to threaten to drive the family farm to extinction. The increased reliance on high technology approaches to farming, and the increasing dependence of agriculture on other sectors of the economy, especially manufacturing and petrochemical refining, is referred to as the industrialization of agriculture. While the industrialization of agriculture has been a century-long trend, the emergence of agricultural biotechnology in the 1970s heightened concerns that the family farm was becoming even more threatened. This is because agricultural biotechnology was thought to benefit primarily (or exclusively) large, already industrialized farms. If, as some people argue, society has some ethical obligation to protect or save family farms, then industrialization overall, and the new agricultural biotechnologies in particular, are cause for serious ethical concern. Independent of religious or environmental objections to biotechnology, there are three "family farm critiques" of agricultural biotechnology. These are based on the potential damage biotechnology might inflict on (1) an important political-economic entity, (2) a cherished symbol if not the embodiment of basic moral values, and (3) the solution to long-term natural resource problems.

Keywords:

agrarianism;
agricultural biotechnology;
ethics;
family farms;
industrial agriculture


This paper describes the recent history of distance higher education in Saudi Arabia with particular reference to the education of women. It compares the contribution to external study for women of the General Presidency of Girls' Education (GPGE) with the introduction of intisab (a system which allows individuals to pursue higher education without attending lectures) in three universities founded for men. It records the growing numbers of women wishing to enter higher education and the withdrawal of intisab from two universities in Riyadh. It identifies the limitations placed on women's higher education as compared with men's and notes the generally conservative attitudes to the role of women found in Saudi Arabia. It oudines discussions over the last 15 years, concerning an Arab open university, which have yet to result in action. Finally, it reports a recent survey which reveals strong support for an open university for women in Saudi Arabia. Such an institution would gready increase access for women t...


f N a society which has attained affluence, planning for economic development may be dispensable. For under-developed nations, however, which are struggling for economic prosperity and aim to give a better life to their citizens, but which are at the same time beset by chronic and serious shortages of resources, in men, materials and money, planning is an inescapable necessity. This is so because planning is merely another way of defining how scarce resources will be employed, according to priority, to fulfil the various national objectives. Obviously, the extent, depth and intensity of the planning, and the regulatory and control apparatus which usually follows in its wake, will vary with the prevailing political and economic philosophy of each country, but the broad concept of planning in the kind of situation described above is now universally accepted.


recorded during use of the adherence devices. This study shows that the device, which measured the periods of time that the device is maintained at skin temperature, is acceptable for older people to wear and provides accurate results to calculate true adherence to hip protector use. Because the device is readily available at low cost, no new technical development is required. The next step would be to use this monitoring device in a large randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of hip protectors in reducing hip fractures. Because of the additional work in attaching the device to hip protectors, retrieving the device, and analyzing the data, it will be feasible to use devices with only a sample of people in a clinical trial to confirm that other methods of measuring adherence are accurate. This study has shown that the logging device that automatically measured hip protector use using skin temperature data is reliable and well tolerated. Furthermore, the data from the logging device suggested that adherence to use of hip protectors was significantly lower than that obtained using self-report, casting doubt on the adequacy of self-report as a measure of adherence to use of hip protectors.


The invention relates to a method for mobilization of pollutants in the ground, in particular those which are located in the ground water or in the groundwater range, which is used in the remediation of groundwater remediation wells used. DOLLAR A object of the invention is to provide a method that acts directly only in the groundwater and the groundwater range and there releases the energy necessary for pollutant mobilization. DOLLAR A According to the invention in the object by a known device that triggers pressure and energy pulses, is moved into a remediation wells and is released by means of pneumatic or hydraulic pulses remediation wells or groundwater measuring points out groundwater energy in the form of pressure waves. The pollutants in the environment of the recovery well be torn from the attachment to the pore walls. The simultaneous operation of a submersible pump pollutants in the remediation wells to be carried away immediately.


Designing, constructing and using of buildings with low energy consumption are a complex process requiring knowledge of architectural design, construction physics and building systems with the use of renewable energy sources (RES). The article presents the legal bases and characteristics of low-energy buildings. Implementation of the binding technical requirements in the field of hygrothermal characteristics consists of monitoring numerous parameters of an entire building, and in particular of its partitions and their joints and building systems. Therefore, the paper presents calculations regarding determining the material systems of building partitions and building joints with the use of professional software. The main part of the article is to establish the impact of energy-saving technologies on the energy consumption of the newly designed buildings, but also of the buildings that are undergoing modernisation processes.


Banana plants ( Musa paradisiaca L.) have been widely consumed and used by the community for food and medicinal needs. Bananas are used to help overcome various health problems and as cosmetics. This article aims to examine the use of banana plants as cosmetic preparations. This article is a literature review of research articles related to using banana plants ( Musa paradisiaca L.) as cosmetic preparations. The articles were published within the last ten years, using the keywords 'banana plants for skin' and 'banana plant cosmetics' on Google Scholar and PubMed. Much research has been done on using banana plants ( Musa paradisiaca L.) as cosmetic preparations. The parts of the banana plant used as cosmetic preparations include banana humps, banana stems, banana stems, banana peels, banana leaves


The increasing population has been causing changes in and around urban areas. As a result of this situation, it is observed that the amount of heat and air pollution in cities is higher than in rural areas. Urban heat islands (UHI) are a factor that affects people's quality of life. Therefore, monitoring temperature changes and taking regional measures is necessary.
In this study, the Landsat 8 satellite was used to determine the UHI, and the Sentinel-5P satellite was used to determine carbon monoxide (CO) pollution between 2019-2021. The central districts of Konya have been selected as the study area. To determine UHI between the seasons, a total of 12 land surface temperature (LST) maps were generated. In addition, 36 CO maps of twelve months were created for the same region using the Sentinel-5P satellite. When the maps created were evaluated, it was concluded that there was a significant result between temperature and CO. It was found that the areas with higher ST also had higher levels of CO.


We show an example of a purely magnetic spin resonance in EuTiO3 and the resulting new record high Faraday rotation of 590°/mm at 1.6 T for 1 cm wavelengths probed by a novel technique of magneto-optical GHz time-domain ellipsometry.


We present a multiweek laboratory exercise that exposes students to the fundamental techniques of bacterial expression and protein purification through the preparation of sperm whale myoglobin. Myoglobin, a robust oxygen-binding protein, contains a single heme that gives the protein a reddish color, making it an ideal subject for the teaching laboratory as students can follow the progress of the protein visually in real time. The purification uses both ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography, thus, introducing students to two of the most common separation methods. Students evaluate the quality of the purification via sodium dodecyl sulfate−polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In most cases, this procedure produces sufficient quantities of pure protein for further laboratory exercises studying the properties of myoglobin.


A microstrip sixth-order compact diplexer formed by split-ring resonators is presented. As a compact multiplexer, it consists entirely of a set of resonators coupled between them and with the ports, with no additional junction structure. The central element, shared by both channels and connected to the diplexer common port, is a conventional edge-coupled SRR (EC-SRR) that shows dual band behaviour with a central transmission zero. Each first order band corresponds to one band of the diplexer. An increase up to third order and the isolation between channels are provided by two single-band nonbianisotropic SRRs (NB-SRR), one for each channel. A prototype synthesis is presented with good agreement between measurements, electromagnetic simulations and circuit models.


Though the experiment on cutting propagation of Taxus media,the results showed that using riversand in the sand table with full-light spraying as substrates,one-year-old semi-woody softwood was the best,and its length was 10~12 cm,dipping cuttings in solution of No.1 ABT with a 100 mg/L concentration for 1 hour,and form callus after 45 d,the rate of callus was more than 93.3% after 90 d,and rooting percentage of cuttings was over 96.67% on April next year.Middle of July was the best time for cutting.


The invention provides a method for sending data based on Ethernet, which is applied to a control system with a plurality of nodes. The method for sending data comprises: a first node caches the data needed to be sent; if the current communication macrocycle comprises the time segment for the first node to send data, the first node sends the cached data in the time segment for the first node to send data in the current communication macrocycle; if the current communication macrocycle does not comprise the time segment for the first node to send data, the first node does not send the cached data in the current communication macrocycle; wherein the other nodes do not send data in the time segment for the first node to send data in the current communication macrocycle. The macrocycles have same duration and each of which consists of a plurality of time segments with fixed length. The invention further provides Ethernet nodes and a control system.


Summary:  Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine what patients with epilepsy need to know about their condition, and to discern what differences exist between patients' perceptions of this need and the medical profession's perception of what patients should know.


Nigella sativa is an important spice and flavoring agent which is widely used in various European and Asian cuisines. It harbors an array of medicinal properties as shown by various researches. Germination is a phenomenon during which rapid changes in metabolic activities and the interconversions of metabolites take place. The objective of present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of N. sativa seed that are on various germination phases against clinical bacterial strains isolated from pus, urine, ascitic fluid and cerebrospinal fluid of various patients. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined by using a modified macro-broth dilution technique. The agar well diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial effects of N. sativa extracts. Some broad spectrum antibiotics were used as positive control. The phytochemical constituents of N. sativa seed were also studied in germination phases. The distilled methanolic extracts of N. sativa showed significant antimicrobial activity against tested clinical strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis bacteria. Results showed day-dependent and dose-dependent activity and a significant antimicrobial effect was observed as germination proceeded.


7-Aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater usually contains high concentrations of ammonium (NH4+-N), which is known to inhibit nitrification during biological treatment processes. Chemical precipitation is a useful technology to remove ammonium from wastewater. In this paper, the removal of ammonium from 7-aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater was studied. The optimum pH, molar ratio, and various chemical compositions of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation were investigated. The results indicated that ammonium in 7-aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater could be removed at an optimum pH of 9. The Mg2+:NH4+-N:PO43−-P molar ratio was readily controlled at a ratio of 1:1:1.1 to both effectively remove ammonium and avoid creating a higher concentration of PO43−-P in the effluent. MgCl2·6H2O + 85% H3PO4 was the most efficient combination for NH4+-N removal. Furthermore, the lowest concentration of the residual PO43−-P was obtained with the same combination. Struvite precipitation could be considered an effective technology for the NH4+-N removal from the 7-aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater.


This article is a comparatively direct enlargement of the monograph on Iṣfahān quoted above. The basic assumption is that the Seljuqs – as all pre-modern rulers – did not have the means to control the provinces directly. Imperial rule therefore was founded on an implicit contract with local power-holders; this in turn was based on common interest. "I [the sultan] recognize your role in the city by appointing you to the riyāsa, thereby making you my main interlocutor; in exchange for which you...


This paper discussed the ideology of the Communist Party of China from the perspective of "The Methodology of Scientific Programmes" by Imre Lakatos. Since the reform and opening up in 1978, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao had become three central collective leaderships. They constructed the Deng Xiaoping theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development respectively. This paper concluded that during the reform and opening up period, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong's thought became the unchallengeable and unchangeable hard core of CPC's ideology. The hard core's positive and negative deductions engendered "protective belts". Protective belt contained pragmatism, the primary stage of socialism and the mutual dependencies of political and economic development, from which the Holistic view, harmonious view, developmental view and balanced view were derived. In order to protect the hard core, CPC revised contents of the protective belts. When facing a multifaceted and changeable society after reform and opening up, CPC's ideology adjusted positively and actively. They combined the upper construction and the economic basis stably. Their goal was to mutually embed political leadership and people's interests. CPC's ideology had become more economic, open and flexible with the method of higher-level articulation and negotiation. Thus they could incorporate discourse and satisfy demands coming from different parts of the society. From the dynamic perspective of dialectical materialism by Marx and the ideology of hard core composed of binary opposition, the nature of ideological decline and the possibility of binary structures became the difficulties and crises of CPC's ideology. In the future, CPC may develop from the holistic perspective to construct trust and communication. Thus it can avoid the social discontent from unequal development. On the other hand, it can promote the identification of systems, policies and ideals by the mutual trust between the government and the people.


This article describes work that has been undertaken to develop a suite demonstrator for the evaluation of the digital High Angular Resolution Laser Irradiance Detector (HARLID). HARLID is a module designed to estimate the angel of arrival of a laser beam. It response to radiation ranging from 400 to 1700 nm and covers a 96 degree field of view (FOV) with a resolution of +/- 1 degree in a plane. The main goal of the suite demonstrator is to characterize new generations of HARLIDs and to provide means to evaluate new configurations in order to establish the requirements for the protection of military platforms with laser warning receivers (LWR). The suite demonstrator is a good example of how an Ethernet network can be used to share information between various senors over a specialized network. Moreover, it allows building and studying a plurality of configurations without regard to the separation and the structure between the detection units. To our knowledge, it is the first time that such as approach is used in the field of LWR.


Lake sediments containing aeolian deposits in the arid areas are one of the important archives for sedimentary studies. Surface textural analysis of quartz grains by scanning electron microscopy can provide an insight into the sedimentary history of clas⁃ tic sediments, depositional environment and successive sedimentary cycles. Lake Kusai is located in almost uninhabited Hoh Xil re⁃ gion of the Northern Tibetan Plateau, and is one of the frequently dust storm⁃occurred areas occurring in Qinghai Province. In order to confirm the coarse grained layers formed by aeolian processes in varved sediments of Lake Kusai, 35 types of surface features of quartz grains are analyzed in different sediments, such as coarse grained layers in varved sediments of Lake Kusai, aeolian dune sediments, fluvial sediments, aeolian dust samples in the ice of Lake Kusai, lacustrine deposits in the lakeside. The results show that quartz grains in aeolian sediments have surface microtextures of rounded outline, low or medium relief, acuate steps, straight steps, crescent percussion marks, upturned plates, bulbous edges and dish⁃shaped depression, etc. The quartz grains in fluvial sediments have microtextures of angular or subangular outline, medium or high relief, V⁃shaped percussion cracks, small or medi⁃ um conchoidal fractures, and solution pits, etc. The microtextures of quartz grains in the coarse⁃grained layers of varved sediments in Lake Kusai are rounded outline, low relief, acuate steps, straight steps, crescent percussion marks, upturned plates, bulbous edges, and dish⁃shaped depression, etc, which are similar to these of the aeolian sediments, but quite different from these of fluvi⁃


The rotational Zeeman effect in fluorobenzene is reinvestigated with a resolution improved by a factor of almost five to give more accurate g-tensor elements, magnetic susceptibility anisotropics and molecular electric quadrupole moments. The results fit into the pictures of a linear dependence of the out of plane molecular electric quadrupole moment, Qcc, on the number of fluorine substituents and of a linear correlation between the nonlocal (ring current) susceptibility, Χccnonlocal, and the CNDO/2-π-electron density alternation. They lead to a gasphase molecular electric quadrupole moment in benzene, Qcc,benzene = - (28.4 ± 4.7) · 10-40 Cm2 which is slightly less negative than the value deduced from electric field-gradient birefringence experiments on dilute benzene solutions with carbon tetrachloride as solvent. A detailed description of the high resolution microwave spectrometer is given in the appendix.


The environmental impact of complex packages made of aluminum,polyethylene and paper board(Al-PE-Pa) and plastic packages were estimated using life cycle assessment(LCA) and compared.The input and output streams of mass and energy,as well as the environmental emission,were obtained from literatures and field investigation.Environmental impact of Al-PE-Pa and plastic package were 5.225Pt and 4.670Pt,respectively.In the entire life cycle of these two selected packages,the environmental impact raising from raw materials supply was highest,accounting for 80% of total environmental impact of their life cycle.The environmental impact of plastic package on fossil resources consumption was two times as that of complex package.However,it could be hard to decrease the environmental pressure from plastic packages because the fossil is a non-renewable resource and confronted with exhausted circumstances.Comparatively,Al-PE-Pa complex package caused more environmental impact because of lower recovery and reuse,which can be improved by developing material recovery or other appropriate recycling technology to improve the cyclic materials flows and recycling ratio.


In recent experiments on the growth of localized disturbances in a Blasius boundary layer, Medeiros & Gaster (1999a, b) observed that the development of nonlinear effects depends markedly on the initial phase of their imposed disturbance. Here, a simple explanation of this phenomenon is proposed. Because the disturbance is localized in space and time, it has a spread of wavenumbers and frequencies: among these are components which can initiate a pair of resonant subharmonic waves with well-determined phase, which are then amplified by the familiar three-wave resonance mechanism. The amplitude attained after some time is strongly phase-dependent, consistent with the experimental observations.


CdSe films have been prepared successfully by an ultrasonic chemical bath method, with CdCl2•2.5H2O and Na2SeSO3 as precursors, and trisodium citrate as complexing agent. The films were characterized by XRD, AFM, and UV-Vis. The results showed that the CdSe films were n-type semiconductor and had absorption in the visible region. The CdSe film electrode had higher electron transfer rate, which leads to a substantial improvement on the photocurrent. Optimal condition for preparing the CdSe thin films were as following: the ratio of Cd2+ to trisodium citrate was 1:1.5, the ratio of Cd2+ to Se2- was 2.5:1, the pH value was 10, the deposition time was 2.5h, and the annealing temperature was 350°C.


The need for the modification of filtration properties of rock media (most frequently porous rocks) appears frequently, e.g., in hydrocarbon exploitation. Exploitation of crude oil and natural gas is frequently accompanied by an excessive and uncontrolled inflow of reservoir water to the production well, which often results in a significant reduction of hydrocarbon production in the late period of reservoir exploitation. The control of water inflow, through modification treatments of rock filtration properties of the near wellbore zone, is the solution to this problem. The use of dedicated treatment fluids is the basis of such success, which, after the injection and change of original physicochemical properties, create local insulation barriers, enabling the control of the flow of fluids in the geological formation. This paper presents the results of the laboratory assessment of the technological effectiveness of Multizol micellar treatment fluid, which is used for selective blocking of the reservoir water inflow to gas wells. Tests performed, at a preliminary stage, comprised the development of a procedure, the obtaining of samples of the treatment fluid, and the performance of flow tests in test glass tubes, which allow for a swift determination of the technological range of the fluid's capability to form gel and emulsion. Flood tests were the main element of testing, related to the measurement of pressure drops of fluids flowing through the sample under the simulated reservoir conditions. The tests were carried out using two types of media, porous rocks (Szydłowiec sandstone) and sand packs. The determination of the modification degree of filtration properties, both in individual zones and in the entire sample/model, was based on the value of the FRR (Residual Resistance Factor) coefficient, being the measure of their permeability reduction. Two types of tests were performed to assess the effect of Multizol treatment fluid on the initial filtration properties of gas and water-bearing zones.


The successful discovery of petroleum exploration primarily depends on the understanding of the basin evolution and sedimentary filling though geological time. Well data also play a key role for reservoir presence and quality analysis; however, none of well fully penetrated the Oligocene Syn-rift sequence in the West Arthit area. Therefore, this study aims to overcome the challenge of limited well information by performing the Forward Stratigraphic Modeling (FSM) to determine basin evolution, depositional setting, and reservoir distribution in this area.
 The FSM model is constructed with the inputs of paleo-bathymetry, subsidence, sediment supply, water level, and climatic cycle. In addition, the stratigraphic sequence is reproduced based on field observations such as rock samples, seismic mapping, well-log responses, and publications from nearby areas. The main uncertainty of building the FSM model is the initial age of rifting phase due to a lack of well penetration that fully covered the Syn-rift sequence and the limited biostratigraphic data. Therefore, two different age scenarios are examined in this study analogue from the age model as it was published in the Malay Basin locating to the south of study area. Once the FSM model was built, the last step was to calibrate the prediction result with the actual well result and the conventional seismic data to achieve the best accuracy and to increase the confidence on using the model.
 The FSM model was successfully reproduced the stratigraphic successions of the Syn-rift sequence in West Arthit area. The base case model was chosen from the age scenario of 27.0-23.1 Ma which exhibited four major cyclicities and matched with seismic mapping.
 The study area had two depocenters, one in the northwest and another one in the southeast. The northern sub-basin was deepened earlier during the first rifting phase whereas the southern sub-basin was subsided later after the second rifting period. With the increase in sedimentation rate and subsidence rate during the third rifting phase, both depocenters were shallowed up and then become a shallow lake covering the whole study area. The last lifting phase coincided with the thermal subsidence that occurred and affected across the region; therefore, the regional extensive lacustrine accumulated in the study area.
 The results from this study provided a crucial information on petroleum system especially depositional architecture, reservoir distribution, and potential source rock identification, which were incorporated into the planning of future exploration targeting in this field.
 This study demonstrates the new innovative approach to determine the basin evolution and to understand the variation on depositional setting in the study area with limited well data. This approach also creates the project value by supporting the planning of future exploration and development wells. Furthermore, this technique can be applied to all projects to increase the discovery rate and to add the field reserves.


Traditionally, when using simple fuzzy control algorithm to control traffic signals at urban intersections, phase sequence optimization control is not carried out in view of vehicle-road coordination environment, and traffic lights cannot be reasonably arranged, resulting in a long queue of vehicles at intersections, resulting in traffic congestion. Therefore, a fuzzy control algorithm of urban intersection traffic signal is proposed under the vehicle-road cooperative environment. Based on the traffic signal model under the vehicle-road cooperative environment, the fuzzy control algorithm based on phase sequence optimization is obtained by combining the fuzzy control algorithm with the phase sequence optimization algorithm, and the fuzzy control algorithm steps are controlled reasonably according to the phase sequence optimization. The experimental results show that the average waiting time of vehicles controlled by the proposed algorithm is only 21s and 23s in the afternoon rush hours, which is an effective traffic signal control algorithm for urban intersections.


Healthcare reimbursement is a complex, changing environment with multiple payers and multiple sets of rules. The practicing medical physicist should be familiar with reimbursement and coding so that he/she can: 1) assure that fair reimbursement is received for the physics work performed, 2) assure that physics billing is done correctly and in compliance with applicable rules and procedures, and 3) justify the physics staffing levels necessary in the clinic. This presentation will build upon previous general reviews of the mechanisms of Medicare reimbursement and will cover practical aspects for the practicing physicist including where to find information on reimbursement and coding. The National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) and Medically Unlikely Edits (MUE) and their effect on daily billing will be reviewed. In addition, proposed changes in the Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (HOPPS) and Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) for calendar year 2012 will be discussed. Learning Objectives: 1. Become familiar with available resources for reimbursement and coding 2. Understand the National Correct Coding Initiative and Medically Unlikely Edits 3. Be aware of proposed changes in Medicare reimbursement for 2012


Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has proven useful for many different applications. Many more applications would be possible with a low-cost instrument. To address this need, BYU has developed its interferometric SAR, YINSAR. This compact, low-cost system is operated from a four passenger aircraft. This paper reports the current status of YINSAR. We report the results of some new theoretical work and empirical tests regarding the performance of interferometric SAR. We show data collected with the YINSAR hardware empirically verifying the theoretical statistics of interferograms and estimate the accuracy and sensitivity of this instrument. We describe a new method of combining interferograms from multiple baselines to reduce the error in the final height map.


There has been a recent increase in research dedicated to understanding the complex effects of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems and organisms. Whilst study in this area is very much in its infancy, there is a clear message from a range of scientists and research institutions that this could have serious implications for cetaceans, with high latitude species likely to experience changes in their food web structure within this century. This paper provides a summary of the key peer-reviewed literature on ocean acidification with reference to consequences for cetaceans, their food webs or habitats. Drawing on assertions made in these papers, it is our contention that the potential impacts of ocean acidification on cetaceans merit future in-depth consideration from the Scientific Committee of the IWC and may have implications for the management of whale populations.


This paper discusses the high frequency operation of the 32 Watt T8 fluorescent lamp. Covered are the starting and operating characteristics as well as other lamp variables of concern to electronic ballast manufacturers. Where appropriate, the characteristics are compared with the 40 Watt T12 lamp type.


The detection of intracardiac calcifications constitutes a fascinating study for the radiologist who is seeing cardiac patients in the older age groups and who has the time and interest to make adequate fluoroscopic and radiographic examination of each patient coming to him. While the importance of roentgenoscopy cannot be overemphasized, multiple, aimed, "spot," high-speed roentgenograms will increase the incidence of detection and identification of these calcifications. A simple technical procedure for accomplishing this end result is described and recommended.


Part 1 cardiovascular disease prevention: the international aspects of coronary heart disease primary prevention of cardiovascular disease - helping patients change lifestyle behaviours national efforts to reduce coronary deisease-related mortality the women's health initiative - focus on risk factors and diagnostic approach to suspected coronary artery disease. Part 2 urgent and emergent management of cardiovascular disorders: section A - emergency room emergency department approach to myocardial infarction observation units, clinical decision units and chest pain centers section B - critical care recognition, evaluation and management of hypotension and cardiogenic shock management of complicated myocardial infarction initial evaluation and management of nonpenetrating cardiac trauma management of pulmonary emergencies cardiac arrest and sudden death the renal - cardiac patient. Part 3 general cardiology: the cardiovascular patient - initial evaluation critical pathways for the acute coronary syndromes principles of hematology, hemostasis and coagulation monitoring in patients with cardiovascular disease the diagnosis and management of inherited and aquired thrombophilias in-hospital management of antithrombotic therapy - prevention and treatment guidelines new fibrinolytics, anticoagulants and platelet antagonists - the challenge of developing safe and cost-effective therapies evaluation and management of patients with heart failure in clinical practice atrial fibrillation - current management treatment of endocarditis and endovascular infections the clinical approach to pre-operative risk stratification and management reducing hospital length of stay for cardiovascular disease states - cost effective evaluation and treatment section B - outpatient services and office management evaluation of cardiovascular diseases in competitive athletes outpatient management of thrombotic disorders clinical approach and management of patients with hypertension comprehensive management of hypertension and its complications. Part 4 advanced practice nursing: advanced practice nursing - establishing a program and expanding roles in the current health care environment integrating managerial and clinical leadership - a successful nursing management model. Part 5 post-hospital management strategies: cardiovascular rehabilitation visiting nurse programs, sub-acute care and home healthcare - the expanding paradigm coordinated anticoagulation services and home management programs establishing an outpatient (home) deep vein thrombosis treatment program using low molecular weight heparin therapy Part 6 medico-legal and ethical issues: medicolegal and quality of care implication of consensus statements ethical and legal issues in a managed medical care system. Part 7 medical education: clinical decision making and information management.


As MOOCs become a major player in modern education, questions about how to improve their effectiveness and reach are of increasing importance. If machine learning and predictive analytics techniques promise to help teachers and MOOC providers customize the learning experience for students, differences between platforms, courses and iterations pose specific challenges. In this paper, we develop a framework to define classification problems across courses, provide proof that ensembling methods allow for the development of high-performing predictive models, and show that these techniques can be used across platforms, as well as across courses. We thus build a universal framework to deploy predictive models on MOOCs and demonstrate our case on the dropout prediction problem.


In the present study, the optimized extraction conditions of usnic acid in Cladonia furcata are as follows: proportion of sample to solvent 1:10, extraction time 4 h, temperature 60 ℃, and extraction times twice. The melting point scope of acicular yellow-green crystal and absorption peak are consistent with the characteristics of usnic acid reported. The results indicated that Cladonia furcata (Hudson) Schrade is a good extraction material for usnic acid. This will expand raw material for the future development and application of usnic acid, and lay certain research foundation.


In article settlement ratios, results of an assessment of limit traction characteristics of independent valve-inductor engines, the experimental model of the semi-trailer of the road train and limit rises overcome by the experimental road train in the active and passive modes, in the mode of long rise, in the mode of the leading rise are considered and also at the reloading mode of functioning.


We have argued that in the case of disability, the liability side of the "paradox of experience" is overstated. First, the biases arising from a vested interest in the outcome of a debate are familiar ones. They require no special measures to mitigate, especially in the case of disability bioethics, where there is little danger that the first-person testimony of disabled people will receive excessive deference. Second, the problem of partial representation arises from a history of exclusion and is reinforced by the attitudes of nondisabled listeners. The primary responsibility for correcting it should rest with the bioethics community, not with those previously excluded. We cannot have satisfactory debates on disability ethics without respectfully considering the personal experiences of disabled people. The "liabilities" associated with their personal experience not only can be mitigated but must be, to secure space for their neglected critical perspectives.


This paper comprises a brief idea related to designing of a bandpass filter (BPF) using microstrip parallel coupled line structure and some calculations based on distributed components like inductors and capacitors. As Bandpass filters play a significant role in wireless communication systems related to transmitted and received signals, so filtering at a certain center frequency with a specific bandwidth is a great concern. The center frequency with 5.84GHz is mainly used in Wi4 (Worldwide interoperability version-4) for high- speed wireless broadband solution that is configured to transport data, voice, and IP video which requires more bandwidth. So designing a filter of such property is our concern. The design filter consists of three sections: two coupled lines separated by a non-uniform line resonator. The layout is designed to have a centre frequency at 5.84GHz and bandwidth of 0.0745 and also the length of each line is tuned such that the impedance of filter is 50Ω. The paper presents a novel approach to improve low insertion loss and high selectivity. The simulative analysis is performed using FEKO software.


A computational model is developed to study the thermal conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)–polymer composites. An off-lattice Monte Carlo simulation was used to model the effects of interfacial resistance at the SWNT-polymer interface and at the SWNT-SWNT contact on the heat flow for different orientations of SWNTs dispersed in the polymers. A primary focus is the non-isotropic heat conduction in aligned-SWNT polymeric composites that are of interest for various heat conduction applications such as microelectronic heat sinks, and also because this geometry constitutes a representative volume element (RVE) of CNT-reinforced polymer matrices in hybrid advanced composites under development. The simulation is an extension of a previous model for heat transfer in nanocomposites in that it now considers SWNT-SWNT contact. The simulation results of the developed model are compared with those of the previous model. The effects of SWNT orientation, SWNT-SWNT contact, weight fraction and thermal boundary resistance on the effective conductivity of composites are quantified. The present model is a useful tool for the prediction of the thermal conductivity within a wide range of volume fractions of the SWNTs, including the case when SWNTs are in contact with each other.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


This study was aimed to detect the relationship between personal characteristics of the respondents and their behavior affecting scavenging chickens rearing in Eastern Gezira State, Sudan. Variables of study involved two; personal characteristics of the respondents such as (gender, age, educational level, membership of social organizations and job) and their behavior regarding chickens rearing such as ( caging, feeding, selection process and chicks separation). Population is constructed of three; administrative units population, villages population and respondents population. Using the stratified sample technique, the study sample also constructed of three; administrative units sample, villages sample and respondents sample, which was selected randomly. Data were collected by using questionnaire through field interview. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used for data analysis specifically, descriptive statistics and chi-square test. The study was concluded to the following; 43.3% of the respondents were found as chickens holders, most of them were female, moderate age, had a secondary education and above, not a member in social organizations. Respondents who reared chickens were female house holder and students, they used traditional cages, they cared about their chickens feeding, they did not cared about selection process and did not separated chicks from their mothers. Furthermore, gender is related only to chickens separation, while membership is related to caging, chickens separation and selection process. Finally, the research recommends: Attention should be offered to respondents who responsible of chickens rearing in designing special messages and programs for them. Encouragement of the respondents to engage and formulate social societies and bodies for chickens rearing and services. Encouragement of the respondents to improve and construct modern cages for better chickens rearing and protection. And orientating the respondents towards chickens separation and in selection processes for achieving better chickens rearing. Keywords: Personal Characteristics, Scavenging Chickens Holders, Behavior, Rearing


AbstractIn this study, methods were developed to create and evaluate the performance of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in southern Peru where commonly used input data sources were not av...


In this paper, we propose a low complexity multichannel scheme for Ultra Wideband (UWB) channel impulse response estimation. It is mainly based on the finite rate of innovation (FRI) characteristic of UWB channel impulse response, which allows for a sampling frequency much lower than the Nyquist limit. Since the UWB channel is rich in multipaths, the number of samples required results in an unrealistic number of processing channels. Our approach removes this drawback at the price of a moderate increase of the number of pilot pulses. Compared to other schemes presented in the literature, the one proposed in this paper allows reducing the number of processing channels to values appropriate for practical implementation. Moreover, the same approach is used to further reduce the sampling frequency at each channel. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated for IEEE 802.15.3a UWB channel estimation in a coherent reception framework.


Martensitic transformations and characteristics of the magnetic‐field‐induced strain (MFIS) on a nearly stoichiometric Ni51Mn25.5Ga23.5 single crystal have systematically been investigated by various methods, such as ac magnetic susceptibility, resistance, strain measurements and metallographic observations. A large spontaneous strain of 1.62% corresponding to a two‐way thermoelastic shape memory effect is obtained in the single crystal, which is attributed to the high level of oriented internal stress and the preferential orientation of the martensitic variants. When the sample is cooled in a dc magnetic field applied perpendicular to the measuring direction of strain, a large and reversible MFIS up to 1.5% is found. This value of 1.5% is approximately two times larger than that detected in zero field cooling. The results are discussed with respect to growth mechanism of single crystals and the shape memory characteristics. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


This paper investigates the relationship between customer relationship management (CRM) in supply chain management (SCM) and its power to enhance product quality and customer satisfaction of Malaysian manufacturing companies. Senior production managers were interviewed utilizing a structured survey instrument to gauge their perceptions of CRM, product quality performance and customer satisfaction. Inferential statistical analyses were conducted by utilizing data from 250 companies. Associations between CRM dimensions, product quality and customer satisfaction were analyzed through statistical methods such as cluster analysis, Friedman's test and structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings of cluster analysis and Friedman's test indicate that 'High customer satisfaction achievers' possess higher levels of CRM implementations and give priorities to dimensions such as 'Measures & evaluates customer satisfaction, 'Evaluates relationship with customers continuously' and 'Provides Follow up and after sale services than 'low customer satisfaction achievers'. The result of the partially mediated SEM model reveals that CRM exhibits direct impact on customer satisfaction and also indirect effect mediated by product quality. Overall, findings of the study provide a striking demonstration of the importance of customer relationship management in SCM to enhance product quality and customer satisfaction in Malaysian manufacturing companies.


The concept of collection structure has experienced the three stages of initiation,system theory and space theory,and its destination should be the information resource structure.


Geological process often experienced a number of causal or complex genetic stages,which often resulted in original gravity and magnetic anomaly composed of various geological elements including background anomaly,and local anomaly which may be caused by deposits,alternation and concealed rocks,etc.,which are associated with mineral exploration and prospecting.It is one of the most difficult issues in mineral prospecting and potential resource assessment as how to separate gravity and magnetic anomaly,which is significant for mineral exploration from original composite anomaly.Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is considered to be an effective method in superimposed information separation.In this paper,a new bidimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) method is proposed,that is,biharmonic spline interpolation (BSI) instead of general spline interpolation for improving stability.As a case study,gravity and magnetic data in Gejiu,Yunnan,China,have been used to extract local anomaly which could reveal potential information in mineral exploration by multiscale and nonlinear decomposition with BEMD method.It extends the application of empirical mode decomposition.


In an attempt to quantify the interactions between dopaminergic and cholinergic processes, the consequences of complete or partial activation (with N‐n‐propylnorapomorphine) or blockade (with spiperone) of dopamine receptors for the acetylcholine levels in the rat striatum were studied. The number of specific striatal binding sites (receptors) of spiperone was nearly three times that of N‐n‐propylnorapomorphine (76 and 26 pmol g−1 wet weight, respectively). The agonist produced a significant increase in the striatal levels of acetylcholine, but there was no simple relationship between receptor binding and these levels. A linear negative correlation was found between the striatal levels of acetylcholine and specific spiperone binding, showing that further receptor blockade induces a decrease in acetylcholine levels, which is independent of the receptors already occupied by the antagonist. The results of this study are evidence that one striatal dopamine receptor regulates the metabolism of at least 400 molecules of acetylcholine.


We will apply the fixed point method for proving the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of a Volterra integral equation of the second kind.


During the past 100 years experimental particle physicists have collected an impressive amount of data. Theorists have also come to understand this data extremely well. It was in the first half of the 20th century the efforts of the early pioneers of quantum mechanics laid the ground work for this understanding: quantum field theory. Through the tireless efforts of researchers during the later half of the 20th century many ideas came together to form what we now call the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Finally, it was through the ideas of the renormalization group and effective field theory that the understanding of how the SM fits into a larger framework of particle physics was crystallized. In the past four years the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has made more precise measurements than ever before. Currently the SM of particle physics is known to have excellent agreement with these measurements. As a result of this agreement with data, the SM continues to play such a central role in modern particle physics that many other theories are simply known as 'Beyond the Standard Model' (BSM) as we know any new models will simply be an extension of the SM. Despite agreement with experiment, the SM does suffer from several shortcomings that raise deeper questions. In this dissertation we study models that address the two of the outstanding theoretical problems of the SM the Strong CP Problem and the fine tuning of the Higgs mass. We study models that solve or ameliorate these problems, and their implications for collider physics and astrophysics. Particle Physics in the LHC Era


The occurrence of Barotrauma is identified as a major concern for health professionals, since it can be fatal for patients. In order to support the decision process and to predict the risk of occurring barotrauma Data Mining models were induced. Based on this principle, the present study addresses the Data Mining process aiming to provide hourly probability of a patient has Barotrauma. The process of discovering implicit knowledge in data collected from Intensive Care Units patients was achieved through the standard process Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining. With the goal of making predictions according to the classification approach they several DM techniques were selected: Decision Trees, Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine. The study was focused on identifying the validity and viability to predict a composite variable. To predict the Barotrauma two classes were created: "risk" and "no risk". Such target come from combining two variables: Plateau Pressure and . The best models presented a sensitivity between 96.19% and 100%. In terms of accuracy the values varied between 87.5% and 100%. This study and the achieved results demonstrated the feasibility of predicting the risk of a patient having Barotrauma by presenting the probability associated. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of SciKA Association for Promotion and Dissemination of Scientific Knowledge.