The morphological changes in the transplanted heart are like those seen in the kidney grafts-namely, interstitial infiltration with mononuclear cells, oedema, necrosis of the heart muscle, and-apparently the worst lesion-an insidious arteritis in which the endothelium becomes duplicated and fibrotic and the lumen of the vessel reduced or eliminated. This process leads to myocardial ischaemia and can appear clinically rather suddenly in a patient who appeared to be reasonably well-a clinical situation all too familiar in myocardial ischaemia due to coronary atherosclerosis. It has been suggested that a heart consisting mainly of muscle, a relatively simple structure, might not be particularly antigenic, but heart grafts are rejected by animals certainly as aggressively as kidneys ; indeed, the process may be rather more severe with the heart. Organs differ in the likelihood of their rejection; experimental evidence suggests, for instance, that the liver is less likely to be rejected than the kidney. The patient with acute, potentially reversible rejection of a grafted heart may be very difficult to care for during this critical phase, since there is no cardiovascular technique analogous to the use of dialysis to maintain a patient with poor renal function. The experience of the Houston workers would seem to be similar to that of others, and the conclusion they came to is that " human cardiac transplantation is still an investigative procedure with minimal clinical application." Probably cardiac transplantation should not be performed unless the tissue match of donor and recipient is good, since it is clear that present immunosuppression can cope only with a mild rejection process. How can a good tissue match be achieved with the present shortage of donors and the difficulty of maintaining a patient dying of heart disease ? These problems may be resolved in the future. Perhaps better methods of immunosuppression will change the pattern of rejection even when the tissue match is poor. For the present it would seem justifiable to proceed cautiously with clinical cardiac transplantation in carefully selected recipients when a closely compatible donor heart can be used.


. In this paper we introduce some numerical classes of double sequences. Such classes are used to show some sufficient conditions for L 1 − convergence of double sine series. This study partially extends very recent results of Leindler , and particularly those of Zhou , from single to two-dimensional sine series.


This report provides an overview of selected bee species, and discusses importance of bee pollination, changes in bee populations, factors affecting bee health, and identifies future needs.


The discovery of the planet Neptune from the Berlin Observatory in 1846 by J. G. Galle and H. d'Arrest as a direct result of the calculations of the French mathematical astronomer U. J. J. Leverrier is one of the best known events in the history of science. The happenings in England surrounding the discovery, including John Couch Adams's mathematical researches which had led him to results very similar to Leverrier's by essentially the same methods, have recently drawn renewed attention. I But the American reaction to the finding of the eighth planet has been examined only cursorily. We argue that an analysis of the American response provides a rich variety of insights into the working of the nascent American scientific community, as well as providing an important case study of the making of, and negotiations surrounding, a scientific discovery.' Historians, philosophers, and sociologists of science have recently begun to study the social basis of scientific discovery, considering discoveries not as easily identifiable "naturally occurring events'? but instead as artifacts constructed within scientific communities.' The focus of this paper is the claim, together with the manner in which this claim was debated, of the Harvard mathematician Benjamin Peirce that the observed Neptune was not the planet predicted by Leverrier and Adams and that its observational discovery had been a "happy accident". The debate was highly charged. At stake was the extent to which Leverrier and Adams deserved credit for the theoretical discovery of the planet and so, by implication, the degree to which the discovery had been, as British and French scientists contended, a demonstration of the power of theoretical science.' Anton Pannekoek suggested some years ago that Peirce's opposition was not an isolated incident, but instead represented a characteristically American viewpoint to be understood in terms of national cultural traits.v Unfortunately, his explanation draws only on the examples of Peirce and another American astronomer, Sears Cook Walker, and then at best in a very sketchy fashion. It is certainly true that Peirce and Walker were the American participants most prominent in the Neptune episode, and we shall examine their investigations in detail. But other American scientists and intellectuals besides Peirce and Walker took notice of the Neptune controversies and commented on them. American newspapers and periodicals also provided a forum for, and so a means of disseminating, the writings of scientists on the discovery and its aftermath.


The biological protective technology of road cut slop is explored in this article,beginning with the purpose of ecological restoration of the road,also for the ecological restoration is emphasized and difficulty of new road slope protection.These are reference value to highway construction landscape design and construction.


Objectives. The preparation of emergency medicine practitioners occurs at a variety of levels, via individuals with various levels of experience andtraining, andthrough a variety of oversight organizations. The purpose of this study was to quantify the characteristics of those recognized as prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) educators, the type andamount of infrastructure available to facilitate the learning process, andwhat attributes andcommon practices the profession values. Methods. The respondents (n = 1,691) were generated randomly from a nationwide systematic sample of all known EMS instructors. The sample was adequate to generalize to the 15,000 EMS educators. Face validity andcontent validity were assured through use of a 24-member focus group of EMS educators, practitioners, andadministrators, who reviewed the questionnaire. Reliability estimates were generated via Cronbach's alpha andKuder-Richardson 20 and21 andranged from 0.59 to 0.83, with a grand mean for the seven study constructs of 0.70. Factor analysis with varimax rotation explained 40% to 66% of the respective construct variance, with a grand mean of 56% of the response variance explained. Results. The respondents were satisfied with their teaching experience (98%), expected to continue (80%), andtaught because of a perceived dearth of qualified instructors. Only half of the respondents utilized federally generated curricular materials, andapproximately 20% were uncomfortable in assessing psychomotor skills. The relationship of testing to assessment andskill performance appeared to be the most significant pedagogic challenge. Conclusions. The respondents were a senior group of educators committed to the training of new providers who will comprise the foundation of future EMS educational efforts at the national level.


We calculate the emis ivity for the pair production of helicity-Epp -d neutrinos, in a way that can be used in supernova calculations. We also present some simple estimates which show that such process can act as an efficient energy-loss mechanism in the shocked supernova core, and we use this fact to extract neutrino mass limits from SN1987A neutrino observations.


The occurrence of venous and arterial thrombosis, recurrent pregnancy losses, and thrombocytopenia in patients with antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies has been well documented.1,2Antiphospholipid antibodies are autoantibodies that bind a variety of negatively charged phospholipids, the best known of which is cardiolipin.1,2Some authors3-6suggest that patients with these antibodies may represent a separate disease entity termed theantiphospholipid syndrome(APS). In addition to thrombosis, recurrent pregnancy losses, and thrombocytopenia, reported clinical features include livedo reticularis and possibly other skin lesions,6heart valve abnormalities,7,8and a variety of neurologic disorders.9Laboratory features include a persistently elevated anti-cardiolipin test, usually IgG isotype,3,10and/or an unequivocally positive lupus anticoagulant test.2,14About half of the patients with the APS seen by rheumatologists have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but in nonrheumatologic practices, the percentage of patients with SLE is much lower. Clinical features that should prompt an


The purpose of this study is (1) to examine and analyze two main religious factors, Buddhism and Confucianism, historically affecting premodern Korean culture and (2) to evaluate the influence of the two religions on formal and informal premodern Korean elite/higher education in terms of educational administration. To research the study systematically, three research questions are addressed: (1) what are the characteristics of Buddhism and Confucianism in the history of Korean culture? (2) how did Buddhism have an effect on Hwarang (Flowers of Youth) and monastic Buddhist schools in the Three Kingdoms and the Unified Silla periods? and (3) how did Confucianism affect Seongkyunkwan (National Confucian Academy) and Kuia-Iceo (national civilian and military service examinations) systems in the Choson era? Through descriptive content analysis, the questions were logically defended as the following: First, the two foreign ideologies adopted as national cults or religions provided political and ethical guidance in premodern Korean history. Next, Buddhism had an effect on the Hwarang and the informal Buddhist institutions dogmatically and spiritually. In addition, Confucianism affected both the Seongkyunkwan and the Kuia-keo institutionally and systematically with the collectively' authoritative organizational culture. Finally. Confucian ethical values and Buddhist creeds are essential religious factors to cultivate an individual's virtue and to make a healthy culture in institutional organizations.


A reasonable choice in the ordinary V belt drive with speed,can improve belt life,but also to ensure the maximum transmission capacity,to optimize the design requirements.By analyzing the stress with the speed and band,the beginning of the relationship between tension,the use of extreme value theory is derived with reasonable speed and range to bring speed based on baseline diameter of small pulley to determine the reasonable range.


Diagnosis of a surgical‐site infection (SSI) in dermatological surgery can be based entirely on a subjective assessment, according to the fourth criterion of the most common definition of an SSI, which was established by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.


Objective
To investigate anesthesia methods, operation factors and infection factors effect on maternal and fetal outcome during non-obstetric surgery.

Methods
The clinical data of 87 pregnant women who needed surgical treatments for non-obstetric diseases from January 2015 to August 2018 in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. We documented their pregnancy outcome indexes such as gestational week, mode of delivery and premature birth rate. Then, the effects of different pregnancies, surgical methods, anesthetic methods and complications of infection on pregnant women′s were compared.

Results
There are 35 cases of acute appendicitis (40.2%), 7 cases of uterine pregnancy complicated with ectopic pregnancy (8.1%), 9 cases of ovarian cyst pedicle torsion (10.3%), 21 cases of ovarian mass (24.1%), 13 cases of Urinary calculi (14.9%) and 2 cases of cholecystolithiasis (2.3%). There were no significant differences in pregnancy outcome among pregnant women undergoing non-obstetric surgery during different pregnancies (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in mode of delivery, gestational age, abortion rate and premature delivery rate between laparoscopy group and abdomen group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in mode of delivery, gestational age, premature delivery rate and abortion rate between intravertebral anesthesia group and general anesthesia group (P>0.05). The pregnant women with infection had an effect on the pregnancy outcome. The gestational age of the infected group was lower than that of the control group [(34.7±0.7) weeks vs (38.5±0.2) weeks, Z=5.088, P<0.05]. The incident rate of cesarean section, premature delivery and abortion in the infection group were all higher than those in the control group [41.7% (10/24) vs 31.7% (20/63), χ2=7.585; 50% (12/24) vs 7.9% (5/63), χ2=19.588; 50.0% (12/24) vs 0, χ2=29.659; all P<0.05].

Conclusions
Non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy still can achieve satisfactory pregnancy outcome in the stable patients, while different kind of anesthesia and operation in different gestation will not affect the safety of the puerperant and fetus, but the progress of the disease itself may affect the pregnancy outcome for the co-infection patient.

Key words:
Pregnancy; Non-obstetric surgery; Pregnancy outcome; Perioperative management; Anaesthesia


This paper analyzes the growth effects of the weakening patent protection in an endogenous growth model. In the model, firms can choose how much he protects the good by patent and trade secret. Due to the imperfectness of these protections, the technological information diffuses through them by different way and it helps other firms to imitate the technology and innovate new one. The article shows three result. First, the growth effect of relaxation patent policy is completely different according to the leakage probability of trade secret. While the policy has positive effects when the spillover is weak, it does negative influence under the strong spillover. Second, the lowering leakage probability necessary leads rapid growth. Finally, the paper suggests Japan and the U.S. economy had better have opposite patent policies.


During this research conducted social scientists on the scope of his
research world as relatives, most see that systems of kinship is seen as a
harmonious atmosphere, full of compassion and tolerance. In fact, a relation of
kinship can be \"boomerang\" for members of other relatives. There is a conflict
going on in the apparent harmony. Hierarchy appears when various elites
including papalele dominate and control the course of the economic life of the
people of the Ende island.
In this thesis, I would like to try watching at the social-economic processes
in the kinship system that actually used as a tool to exploit his relatives. The rules
and norms governing members influence the daily life of society. The interest in
kinship systems seem when papalele have dominance over his relatives as labor.
The need for prestige became important for papalele to show his dominance. The
number of fish that fishermen obtain and compliance relatives can be a capital for
papalele as local elites to remain the power. Otherwise fishermen as relatives
required to provide power and services to papalele. Many fare issued for purposes
customary make papalele have to turn the economy by means of monopolizing
fishing trade of kindred. In other words, this is done to cover the cost of a custom
that a lot. On the other hand those who do not fulfill their obligations will be
�bounced out� of the community, but still have to pay respect to his family as a
form of family. Thus it can be said kinship systems can be used for the benefit of
economic and political elites ( papalele ).
I conduct this research in Ende island in particular Rendoraterua village
and Ekoreko village, subdistrict Ende island, Ende regency, Flores, East Nusa
Tenggara to see the dynamics of life in the coastal society of kinship systems.
Keyword: Kinship, domination, exchange, eksploitation


Objective To investigate the histopathology of liver,spleen and heart in mice model with Chlamydia pneumoniae ( C pneumoniae ) pneumonia Methods The Icr mice were inoculated with C pneumoniae ,strain CWL 029,by the intranasal or intravenous routes After a single inoculation,mice were killed on the 1st,3rd,7th,14th,21st,28th and 60th day separately Specimens of spleen,liver and heart were obtained from the acute stage of C pneumoniae pneumonitis and stained with hematoxylin eosin Results After inoculation of C pneumoniae ,there were infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in the spleen and necrosis of hepatocytes The histopathology of iv inoculation group was more serious than that of intranasal inoculation group No pathology changes were observed in heart Conclusions After iv inoculation of C pneumoniae ,the histopathologic changes appeared in the tissue of liver and spleen correspondingly,and the changes were more serious than that of iv inoculation group This study demonstrated that C pneumoniae was mainly limited to lungs and dissemination of C pneumoniae was seldom


This article proposes a model for interventions in the networks of meaningful social relationships around a patient and describes its impact on the participants and on the psychological intervention process. The intention was to provide conditions so that all participants could be co-constructors of change possibilities in relationship to the perception of the problem that provoked the search for treatment. The clinical-qualitative method of "Grounded Theory" was used. The cases analyzed indicated the efficacy of the intervention with the families with psychiatric patients, in providing the network participants the possibility of finding their own potential for helping, for the psychotherapist in the responsibility distribution of the identified person care. The proposal of working with networks of meaningful social relationships does not exclude interventions from other theories. Rather, it increases the possibilities, both for the professionals understanding and for clinical psychology interventions in varied contexts.


The concept of implicature was drawn firstly in 1957 by the philosopher Paul Grice. For the first time he introduced the cognate implicature as the technical terms denoting "the act of meaning or implying something by saying something else" (Davis, 1998:5). This research is concerned to the analysis of the conversational implicatures, becausethey are associated with the speakers and the hearers as the participants in communication. Frequently, people intend to imply their conveyed notions because of some reasons, and sometimes it makes their interlocutors puzzled. Thus, this research is contributed in order to make a clarity of what the implicatures are and why people imply their notion.
 The researcher proposes the film script entitled The Sixth Sense as the object of this research, yet, the main data are the whole conversations between Dr. Malcolm Crowe and Cole Sear. The utterances from Malcolm and Cole are considered having a lot of conversational implicatures. The ways they produce their implied notions with the particular possible motives are very unique, though not all conversations may contain the implicatures. Their conversations are segmented into fragments and analyzed based on the theories. The results are served in the forms of words, phrases, and utterances because this research uses the descriptive qualitative design.
 This research finds that there are two types of conversational implicatures which are used by the speakers, they are the generalized and the particularized types. In nineteen fragments which are listed as the main data, there are three fragments show the indication of the generalized type, while sixteen fragments are identified has the particularized type. It means that, almost all conversational implicatures in these fragments require a special knowledge to 'unfold' the possible notions. Meanwhile, the researcher finds that the politeness strategy as the major possible motives to 'encode' their notions.

Keywords: conversational implicature, generalized, particularized.


There are many types of defects in wood, some of which reduce strength of structure parts or spoil the appearance of furniture parts. To make efficient use of valuable wood free from such defects, it is desired to develop an automated inspection system which is able to locate the position and extent of each defect present and to identify the type of defect at each location. In this paper, we propose an automatic inspection method to detect and discriminate surface defects in wood. The essential points of the method are as follows : Input gray level image of testing wood is divided into a number of regions and several tonal property measures are extracted from image of each region, and fuzzy clustering technique is adopted for detection and discrimination of surface defects. Applying the proposed method to inspection tests of actual lumbers, we obtained the following results : (1) Defect detection can be achieved almost completely. (2) Discrimination rate ranges from 25 to 82% depending on the type of defect, and this indicates that more research is needed.


The invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electric motor, in which are in contact at least with aggressive parts coated with a protective layer. The rotor and the stator are provided with a parylene coating. Subsequently, the parylene coating of areas of the rotor and the stator is removed, which must be further processed or may not have a coating due to its function.


The study examined the cultural differences in inconsistency-reducing behaviors by testing the reactions of 110 Japanese and 169 American college students to the inconsistencies arising from a difference of opinion with a significant other on ego-involving issues. It was predicted that (1) the Japanese sample would show more inconsistency support than will an American sample; (2) The American sample will show more preference for active inconsistency-reducing responses than will the Japanese sample; (3) on the hypothesis that contemporary social psychology's models of humans is based upon the American stereotype of the "typical American," the first two predictions will be more strongly confirmed by comparing the American subjects' stereotype of the "typical American" than by comparing their own reported choices. The findings generally supported the first two predictions and strongly supported the third one.


Objective To investigate the optimal germination conditions of Thesium chinensis seeds.Methods Seeds were germinated under cultivate box with light.Results Germination rate of T.chinensis seeds reached 72.50%―75.00% at 20―25 ℃ under dark condition with robust seedlings.The secretions of host Imperata cylindrical root can promote germination of T.chinensis seeds,and the germination rate could reach 76.67%.Conclusion The optimal temperature of T.chinensis seeds germination is about 20―25 ℃ under dark condition.The secretions of I.cylindrical root can promote germination of T.chinensis seeds and improve germination rate.


People who are absent do not lose their status as legal subjects who have rights and obligations. For this reason, it is necessary to protect both the interests and property. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the Heritage Hall had fulfilled its function in managing the assets of people who were not present. This research is a normative legal research with a conceptual approach (conceptual approach) and a law approach. The informant in this study is an Islamic Civil Law Expert. The study is showed 3 results. First, the Heritage Property has fulfilled its function in managing the assets of people who absent. Second, the existence of the Institution of Treasury Hall can provide legal protection for the assets of people who absent. Third, the function of the Treasure House in managing the assets of people who absent can be said to be in accordance with Islamic law. Although the task of managing or managing the assets of people who absent is different, in Islamic Law the institution authorized to take care of the assets of people who absent is the Temporary Zakat Agency according to the Civil Code, the management of assets that are not present is the Heritage Hall . However, the essence is same, both the Amil Zakat Institution and BHP in principle represent the State in managing the assets of people who absent.


In this paper, a dual-band optical absorber is designed using graphene-coated core-shell nanoparticles. The performance of the proposed structure is based on the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) in the dual graphene sheets wrapped around the core and shell. Since the excited LSPRs are in the deep sub-wavelength regime, each core-shell sphere can be considered as a polarizable particle in the quasi-static regime and it exhibits high absorptivity when arranged in a periodic lattice. By proper choice of the geometrical, optical, and material properties, it is feasible to reach complete optical absorption in the dual operating bands after residing the patterned particles on top of a reflecting mirror. Due to the spherical symmetry, the proposed absorber is not sensitive to the incident angles of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves up to around 55° in both frequencies.


This paper proposes data collection schemes with two mobile sinks for wireless sensor networks. The proposed schemes use eigenvectors of an adjacency matrix of the networks. Eigenvectors of adjacency matrix mean the strength of the connection between sensors so that data collection takes into account the wireless links can be achieved by eigenvectors. In this paper, the disjoint rate among routes for two mobile sinks, the number of hops from sensors to the gateway on the route and the total travel time of mobile sinks are evaluated. The total travel time of the proposed scheme is shorter than that of conventional scheme, and it is found that the proposed scheme can achieve effective data collection.


In China the subsynchronous oscillation(SSO) in electric power systems has been a more serious problem than before because of the fast development of the scale of the power systems and the wide use of the(thyristor controlled) series capacitors and HVDC.In this paper,the cautions and harmfulness of SSO are introduced and the corresponding research progress is reviewed.Four types of SSO including inductive generator effect,torsional oscillation,transient torque amplification and SSO caused by other electrical equipments such as PSS,SVC and HVDC et al are discussed.The new characteristics of SSO in modern power systems are given in the conclusion of the paper.


We first paper introduce the principle of the quantitative check-measure based on equispaced magnetic field of linear strain of mechanical component. Then based on the processing of detected signal and the conversion of obtained wave, we propose converting the detection of linear strain of mechanical component to the calculation of total time of the wave and the calculation formula are given.


Abstract This paper presents an overview, based on field data, of the adpositional system in Akebu, a Kwa (Ghana-Togo Mountain) language of West Africa. Like other Kwa languages, Akebu has both linear types of adpositions. Prepositions are not numerous and are fully grammaticalized. Two prepositions are used very widely, one of them expressing a comitative meaning and a number of related ones, the other having a generalized locative meaning, as well as other ones. In contrast, postpositions are more numerous, but most of them are weakly grammaticalized relator nouns that express the meanings of locational orientations and keep nominal morphology and independent uses. Still, grammaticalized postpositions are also present, the most common of them being a postposition that expresses apudessive, i.e. near, next to, orientation.


This paper presents an analytical and experimental study of a novel, patent pending, semi-active piezoelectric coulomb damper. A piezoelectric stack actuator is used to modulate the friction force of a passive coulomb damper resulting in high ranges of controllable friction forces. First, the piezoelectric coulomb damper is introduced and its method of operation is described. Experimental results are presented that reveal the static and dynamic frictional force behavior of the damper. An analytical model is developed and the results are compared with the experimental data. The force range of the piezoelectric coulomb damper was observed to be between approximately 890 N to 11 kN. It has a total stroke of +/- 13 mm and requires less than 0.5 W power. For a relatively small volume device, 10 cm x 6.3 cm x 6.3 cm, it is able to provide a large range of forces exceeding the capabilities of many other types of semi-active dampers.


Has globalization failed us? The promises of economic stability, increased prosperity, and cultural cooperation seem more like a pipe dream than ever before. Instead of abandoning globalization, Charles Derber challenges readers to rewrite its rules in oder to fulfill its potential as an agent of democracy. In this provocative and optimistic work, Derber argues that only a democratic curebegun at the grassroots levelwill end global terror and economic insecurity.Eye-opening in its analysis, and fresh in its solutions, People Before Profit provides an essential understanding of our world economy as well as a practical guide for building a stable global community.


ABSTRACT Digital technologies are dramatically reshaping the maritime industry and transforming how ports operate in a global transport system. To remain competitive and improve its productivity, a port needs to build its digital capability and become a 'smart' port. Despite its increasing importance, port digitalisation is largely under-researched. Our research explores how information integration afforded by the recent development of Port Centric ICT systems (PCIS) may impact port performance. A survey was conducted in Qingdao Port, the seventh-largest comprehensive port in the world. We adopted the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique for analysis. Our model focuses on testing the mechanism of information integration on port performance among the port community members; that is, both internal information integration and external information integration and their direct and indirect impact on port performance. Our main contribution lies in that our study identifies two clear pathways for developing a port's digitalisation processes to achieve competitive advantages: a) the mediated path, where port performance will improve if information integration is coupled with port community operational capability (PCOC); b) the direct path, where the innovative use of PCIS leads to radical ideas, new business models and transformative changes.


4-Aza-1,6-heptadiynes are cyclopolymerized using a series of Schrockand Grubbs-Hoveydatype initiators. It is found that with Schrock initiators (i) the concept of large and small alkoxides applies, (ii) the size of the substituents in the 2and 6-position of the arylimido ligand play a significant role in the mode of insertion, (iii) addition of a base such as quinuclidine to an initiator favors a-insertion and thus five-membered repeat units, and (iv) coordination of the monomer's nitrogen lone pair during the catalytic cycle favors bover a-insertion and thus results in polymers with a high fraction of six-membered rings. Using modified Grubbs-Hoveyda initiators, cyclopolymerization of the azaheptadiynes lead to the formation of poly(ene)s containing 24–51% six-membered repeat units, thus representing the first Ru-alkylidene-triggered cyclopolymerization of 1,6-heptadiynes with significant b-selectivity.


A model has been developed to account for the variability in trace-metal toxicity to fishes at different values of alkalinity, hardness, and pH. The model utilizes trace-metal speciation, gill surface interaction, and competitive inhibition to predict effective, toxicant concentration (ETC). Copper, cadmium, lead, and zinc bioassay data have been utilized.


During the synthetic process by chemical vapor synthesis, the influence of temperature and gas flow rate on the size of gallium nitride (GaN) nanoparticles was studied. The mean size of the narrow-dispersed GaN nanoparticles increased as the temperature rose to within a range between 800 and 1100°C. At 700°C, however, GaN nanoparticles were not produced. A faster gas flow resulted in a reduction in the particle size at the ammonia/trimethylgallium ratio of 2400 but not obvious at 1200. These findings can be explained as "coagulation and sintering control regime" and partially as nucleation frequency of GaN nanoparticles.


S O U T H E R N OCEAN SEDIMENTS are a major sink for biogenic silica (50-75% of the oceanic total of 4.5 X 1014 g SiOe y-l ; DeMaster, 1981) but only a minor sink for organic carbon (<1% of the oceanic 2 × 1014 (g organic C) y-l; Romankevich, 1"984). The high rates ofbiogenic silica accumulation in the Southern Ocean (predominantly beneath the Polar Front) initially were thought to result from high rates of primary production; however, direct measurements of primary production made during the past two decades (e.g., E1-Sayed et al., 1983; Holm-Hansen et al., 1977) typically indicate that the rates in the Southern Ocean are low to moderate. These data suggest that the preservation efficiency for biogenic silica in the Southern Ocean plays a key role in the processes contributing to the massive silica accumulation. Primary production in the waters south of the Polar Front is not controlled by major nutrient (nitrate, phosphate, or silicate) availability (see Kamykowski and Zentara, 1989, for review) but may be restricted by low levels of irradiance coupled with deep mixed layers (e.g., Mitchell et al., 1991; Nelson and Smith, 1991) or by limited amounts of micronutrients such as iron (Martin et al., 1990). Regardless of the mechanism that limits biological production, Southern Ocean phytoplankton typically have a biogenic-silica-toorganic-carbon weight ratio ranging from 1 to 3 (Nelson and Smith, 1986). Therefore, the rela-


A low-speed wind tunnel test was performed to investigate Reynolds number effects on the aerodynamic characteristics of a supersonic cruise wing concept model with a 60-deg swept wing incorporating leading-edge and trailing-edge flap deflections. The Reynolds number ranged from 0.3 to 1.6 x 10 to the 6th, and corresponding Mach numbers from .05 to 0.3. The objective was to define a threshold Reynolds number above which the flap aerodynamics basically remained unchanged, and also to generate a data base useful for validating theoretical predictions for the Reynolds number effects on flap performance. This report documents the test procedures used and the basic data acquired in the investigation.


Bio-derived fuels have received significant attention for their potential to reduce the consumption of petroleum-based liquid fuels, either through blending or direct use. Bio-feedstocks that employ algae, in particular heterotrophic microalgae, which convert sustainable plant sugars into renewable oils are especially attractive because the sugar that feeds this process can come from many sources — from sugarcane to corn, and even waste biomass, also known as cellulosic sugars. The microalgae grow in the dark and transforms sugar into nearly any oil type for almost any purpose anywhere, all while drastically compressing production time, from months and years to a matter of days.Much of the work in this area has focused on fuel production technologies. Little research has been reported on the combustion performance of algae-derived fuels, with most of the effort being directed to more system-level studies associated with combustion in engines.In this paper, we report the results of experiments that address some more fundamental multiphase combustion characteristics of algae-derived fuels relevant for spray combustion, namely a configuration involving a single isolated burning droplet. Experimental conditions are created that promote near spherical symmetry such that the gas flow arises primarily through the evaporation process (i.e., stationary droplets are ignited by spark discharge in stagnant air in the standard atmosphere and the droplet burning history is recorded in a free-fall facility that minimizes the influence of buoyant convection). The combustion symmetry that results, in which the droplet and flame are concentric spheres, facilitates the understanding of the combustion process while providing useful validation data for basic models of droplet burning that assume one-dimensional gas transport.Experiments were performed using algae-derived renewable diesel, and its performance was compared to #2 diesel fuel and a mixture of algal renewable diesel/#2 diesel (0.5 v/v). Additionally, the results of detailed chemical analysis are reported where it is shown that the composition of the algae-based diesel that was employed in the experiments was comprised of a complex mixture of aromatics and normal alkanes. The highly sooting propensity of these components resulted in droplet flames being luminous and producing soot during the burning history.A comparison of the flame brightness suggests that the sooting propensities are in the order of #2 diesel > renewable diesel #2 diesel blend > algae renewable diesel, which is consistent with observations of the sooting dynamics from back-lit droplet images. In spite of this difference in sooting propensities, algal renewable diesel droplets were found to have burning rates that are very close to #2 diesel and the mixture. Furthermore, the relative position of the flame to the droplet was almost indistinguishable for the fuels examined. These results suggest that algae renewable diesel could potentially be considered a drop-in replacement for conventional diesel fuel, or at the least serve as a useful additive to reduce the consumption of petroleum-based #2 diesel fuel.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


Coevolution has been used as optimization technique both successfully and unsuccessfully. Successful optimization shows integration of information at the individual level over many fitness evaluation events and over many generations. Alternative outcomes of the evolutionary process, e.g. red queen dynamics or speciation, prevent such integration. Why coevolution leads to integration of information or to alternative evolutionary outcomes is generally unclear. We study coevolutionary optimization of the density classification task in cellular automata in a spatially explicit, two-species model. We find optimization at the individual level, i.e. evolution of cellular automata that are good density classifiers. However, when we globally mix the populations, which prevents the formation of spatial patterns, we find typical red queen dynamics in which cellular automata classify all cases to a single density class regardless their actual density. Thus, we get different outcomes of the evolutionary process dependent on a small change in the model. We compare the two processes leading to the different outcomes in terms of the diversity of the two populations at the level of the genotype and at the level of the phenotype.


THE RECENT demonstration of the effectiveness of the Salk poliomyelitis vaccine in actual field trials in children (1) has concentrated interest on active immunization in controlling poliomyelitis. Nevertheless, the use of passive immunization in the form of gamma globulin (2, 3) may be indicated under circumstances requiring rapid protection. Since the action of the immune blood serum is almost immediate, but of short duration, it should be possible to combine this effect with the slower but longer lasting active immunity obtained with the vaccine. Before such passive-active immunization procedures are used, however, information must be obtained that the administration of gamma globulin does not


The title compound, [CuCl2(C10H9NO)2], has crystallographically imposed twofold symmetry. The Cu atom is surrounded by two Cl atoms and two O atoms in a distorted square-planar configuration.


imperative to develop an administrative order through professionalizing bureaucratic functions. While China may present a critical case in which the state–society dichotomy takes on increasing complexity, state-sponsored strategic intentions remain – and now seemingly more so – dominant of autonomous decisions of other stakeholders. In what ways has the evolution of urban neighbourhoods reflected the realities and consequences of such intentions? This is just one question to be asked of Wu's book. The answers are in fact scattered throughout the chapters, though perhaps somewhat buried among thick descriptions. Another quibble I may have about the book has to do with the overarching sentiment of social determinism, which arguably nudges us to look beyond the force of economic agglomeration. But there is evidence sprinkled across resettlement as well as new neighbourhoods in some Chinese cities that mutual benefit-sharing has provided the foundation on which residents exercise agency in safeguarding social relations forged in their previous living environments (Min Zhang et al. "Agency and social construction of space under top-down planning: Resettled rural residents in China," Urban Studies 55[7] (2018), 1541– 1560). That, particularly when reinforced by human-centred design and planning approaches, has the promise of maintaining or even expanding social relations in an urbanized world of individualism. A significant and ground-breaking contribution on an important topic, this book draws on an impressive reservoir of both Englishand Chinese-language studies. The writing quality is very high. Wu pays meticulous attention to the sequence of events and multitude of factors driving the (re)development of each type of neighbourhood under study. As China continues to urbanize, socio-spatial transformation will no doubt keep apace. This book reminds us that urban transformation is far from a monolithic and nationwide phenomenon. The anchor at the local level, where urbanites live and interact, is clearly a generative foray. More importantly, the book is a critical addition to the recent canon of urban China studies that marks the commencement of renewed attention to empirically grounded theorization.


Abstract The use of the segregated finite-volume method requires special procedures for handling the pressure-velocity coupling. It is a normal practice to employ staggered grids to promote the adequate coupling between pressure and velocity. However, this alternative becomes unfeasible for three-dimensional problems, especially if boundary-fitted grids are employed. In this work a numerical model employing co-located variables is developed. The model uses nonorthogonal boundary-fitted meshes and is therefore suitable for the solution of all speed flows, considering the extra coupling between pressure and density. Results are obtained for selected test cases, including incompressible as well as supersonic flows, which are compared with experimental ones.


Based on odour nuisances from the Damhusaaen Wastewater Treatment Plant in Copenhagen, it was decided that the critical sections of the inlet structure to the treatment plant should be covered and enclosed. The ventilation air, 6000m3/h, is cleaned in a bioscrubber process. These installations have reduced the odour in the surroundings of the treatment plant to the extent that it is no longer noticeable. A cleaning efficiency for hydrogen sulphide of >99% and low residual emissions, <0.1 mg/m3 of organic sulphur compounds, are obtained in the bioscrubber. The consumption of the sodium hydroxide for neutralising the sulphuric acid formed is stoichiometric in relation to the amount of sulphur compounds removed. This results in relatively low operating costs corresponding to half to one fourth of the operating costs of a chemical scrubber at normal influent concentrations. In addition, the bioscrubber has proven reliable with only little maintenance and low space requirements. Abioscrubber can thus be considered an environment-friendly and competitive alternative to chemical scrubbers and biofilters.


With the development of IPV6 network deployment, the security problem of IPV6 is becoming more and more serious. In order to fully understand the security loophole and risk of IPV6 space, detecting and scanning IPv6 addresses, especially server addresses, is a necessary step. Because IPV6 has greatly expanded the IPV4 address space, the traditional scanning method is no longer suitable, therefore, the IPV6 address data set is collected based on the passive traffic acquisition method, and the IPV6 address deployment rule is explored according to the data set, this paper studies the different characteristics of addresses caused by different address configurations, classifies and filters addresses, and analyzes the data of different types of addresses, and gives the deployment rules of different address configurations in the current education network, helps better scan for IPV6 addresses.


HYDROGEN ISOTOPES, WATER ABUNDANCES, AND IRON VALENCE OF PYROXENE IN THE REGOLITH BRECCIA NORTHWEST AFRICA 7034. J. Davidson1,2,*, M. Wadhwa2, S. Sutton3, and R. L. Hervig2, 1Buseck Center for Meteorite Studies, Arizona State University (ASU), Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. 2School of Earth and Space Exploration, ASU, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. 3Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Center for Advanced Radiation Sources (CARS), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. *Email: email@example.com


For interruption of early pregnancy (up to 42 days of amenorrhea), and a comprehensive evaluation of early and late complications, we carried out 115 medical abortion during 2 years (main group) in the City Perinatal Center. 82 women aft er artifi cial abortion during the same year were the group of comparison. Aft er a medical abortion, a number of early complications was 3.47%. Late complications were not observed. For artifi cial abortion repeated scraping required 12,5% of women, infl ammatory changes in the uterine cavity were observed, confi rmed by clinical and laboratory methods of examination.


The Phytochemical study of Methanol/dichloromethane extract of root of Leplaea mayombenis led to the isolation and identification four limonoids: (8S,9R,10R,11S,13R,17R)-6,11-dihydroxy-14,15-epoxy-4,4,8,10,13-pentamethyl-17-(2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl-)-11,12,13,15,16,17-hexahydro-4H-cyclopent[α]phenanthrene-3,7(8H,9H,10H,14H)-dione (1), (8S,9R,10R,11S,13R,17R)-6,11-dihydroxy-14,15-epoxy-4,4,8,10,13-pentamethyl-17-(23-methoxy-2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl-)-11,12,13,15,16,17-hexahydro-4H-cyclopent[α]phenanthrene 3,7(8H,9H,10H,14H)-dione (2), (8S,9R,10R,11S,13R,17R)-6,11-dihydroxy-14,15-epoxy-17- ((s)-2-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofurano-3-yl)-4,4,8,10,13-pentamethy-l,10,11,12,13,15,16,17-octahydro-4H-cyclopent[α]phenanthrene -3,7(8H,9H,10H,14H)-dione (3), 8S,9R,10R,11S,13R,17R)-1,6,11-trihydroxy-14,15-epoxy-17- [((2s)-2-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofurano-3-yl)]-4,4,8,10,13-pentamethyl-l,10,11,12,13,15,16,17-octahydro-4H-cyclopent[α]phenanthrene -3,7(8H,9H,10H,14H)-dione (4), one cycloartane : 9,10-cyclopropyl-(3S,5R,8R,13R,14S,17R) )-4,4,13,14,17-pentamethyl-l7-((2R,5S,6R)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopentane[α]phenanthrA¨n-3-ol (5) and three steroids: β-sitosterol (6), stigmasterol (7) and stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, all these compounds were isolated for the first time from the Leplaea mayombensis. The antimicrobial studies showed that isolated compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity with inhibition zone diameters varying from 0.00 ± 0.00 to 29.00 ± 0.00 mm on both bacteria and fungi. 9,10-cyclopropyl-(3S,5R,8R,13R,14S,17R) )-4,4,13,14,17-pentamethyl-l7-((2R,5S,6R)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopentane[α]phenanthrA¨n-3-ol (5) was the most active against Escherichia coli (28.00±0.00 mm), Pseudomonas sp (27.00±0.00 mm), Lactobacillus acidophilus (29.00±0.00 mm), Streptococcus pneumonia (23.00±0.00 mm) and Serratia entomophili (29.00±0.00 mm), C. albicans (12±0.00 mm), and T. viridae (13±0.00 mm) The results from this study support the conclusion that L. mayombensis contain many classes of antimicrobial compounds and therefore justify their traditional usage in the treatment of infectious diseases.


Recently, deep learning technique is playing important starring role for image segmentation field in medical imaging of accurate tasks. In a critical component of diagnosis, deep learning is an organized network with homogeneous areas to provide accurate results. It is proved its superior quality with statistical model automatic segmentation methods in many critical condition environments. In this research article, we focus the improved accuracy and speed of the system process compared with conservative automatic segmentation methods. Also we compared performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, RMSE, Precision- Recall Curve with different algorithm in deep learning method. This comparative study covers the constructing an efficient and accurate model for Lung CT image segmentation.


In the preface to this interesting book the authors note that their aims are to provide answers to eight sequential questions:

How are mud and silt produced? How are they transported and deposited? What is the role of oxygen at the site of deposition? What is known about mud in modern environments? What are the controlling processes and changes that occur with burial? How do we determine the provenance of mud and mudstone? How do we study ancient mudstone-rich basins? What are the practical aspects of muds and mudstones?

To my mind these questions are important and this book will be useful to sedimentologists if it meets these aims. In this review my aims are to consider whether or not the authors do provide answers to these questions and the extent to which other areas of this broad discipline are covered.

In order to meet their aims, the authors discuss in Chapter 1 (Overview) the thorny problem of the nomenclature used by researchers to describe fine-grained sediments and sedimentary rocks. In this discussion they initially take a narrow view that mud is sedimentary material ( 4 μm and clay being defined as sedimentary material <4 μm (rather than the more usual usage of the silt/clay boundary being at 2 μm). With this point out of the way they describe the commercial uses of these materials, and point out that in spite of being very common, they are generally poorly known relative to other sediment types.

In Chapter …


This article is devoted to the problem of forming the intelligence of future primary school teachers based on the use of critical thinking techniques. The study clarified the concept of "intellectuality" as a set of methods, techniques, tools and mechanisms of training, as well as recommendations for their use in connection with the critical thinking acquisition, stimulating the formation of intellectual skills. The stages (challenge, implementation, reflection) that characterize critical thinking development are analyzed, their influence in the formation of intellectual skills of the future primary school teacher is established. Criteria and indicators for the formation of students' intellectual skills were developed: cognitive criteria awareness of the purpose and order of performing mental actions, productivity of mental activity, success in learning knowledge; perceptual criterion the degree of perception of educational information, the formation of positive qualities of the mind, the search for new ways of thinking; activity criteria compliance with the sequence of mental actions, the breadth of transfer of intellectual decisions, independence in performing mental actions, the frequency of application of intellectual skills in educational activities, as well as the levels of formation of intellectual skills allocated on their basis: critical, reproductive, heuristic, creative.


Gout is a metabolic disorder caused by deposition of monosodium urate crystals within the joints. Periarticular nodules can prove to be a challenge to both clinicians and diagnosticians; various causes include rheumatoid nodules, ganglion cysts, pigmented villonodular synovitis, synovial chondromatosis and synovial sarcoma. Gouty tophus is an important differential diagnosis and its diagnosis can be difficult in cases of atypical presentation in the absence of arthritis and /or hyperuricemia.We present a case in which diagnosis of gout was made by fine needle aspiration of tophus from nodules which is efficient method of making a quick diagnosis with characteristic cytological features.


A new Trainee Solicitor has been appointed by McCormicks of Harrogate. Daniel Bisby joined the practice in 2011 as a Legal Assistant and has now been ...


Depression is one of the most concerning psychological disorder of our modern world, that problem with depression seems to the high incidence of the disease especially among the young population between 20-40 and females. Depression incidence is increasing in the last decades and is widespread in the developed countries as it is in the undeveloped ones, Saudi Arabia is no exception, the awareness about the disease is not enough, some of the patients who have the disease are not also aware of it, and even if they do, little they do to combat it. The self-heal methods that is tried by traditional healers is problematic, because it's also based on supernatural non-scientific beliefs which sometimes leads to further complications of the patient case, on the other hand the population must be aware of the importance of seeking the help of professional well trained doctors instead. Conclusion: We need more awareness about the disease and it's symptoms and how to deal with probably and when to see a doctor, depression is very dangerous because it can lead to some serious social and health issues, and can cause death due to suicide. Keywords: awareness; Saudi population; causes of depression; diagnosis of depression; management of depression.


THE Origin of Species is now clearly understood in the hard parts of invertebrates and of vertebrates, and there is little to be added as to the nodes of mechanical evolution No chances or experiments are tried by Nature. The process is continuous, adaptive, mechanically perfect in every Mutation of Waagen. As showl in. actual observations by all close students of vertebrate and invertebrate morphology during the last fifty-two years, and as summed up in the remarkable contribution of 1) 'Arcy Wentworth Thompson (1917) on "Growth and Form," animal mechanisms compete with each other in close analogy to humanly made machines-automobiles, typewriters, aeroplanes. Consequently, while Nature is constantly standardizing her machines through individual competition and producing flocks of birds and shoals of fishes which are so precisely alike that animals of the same age, sex, environment and heredity show no perceptible variation, she is also frequently substituting more perfect and more adaptable machines and discarding older and less adaptable ones, exactly as man is doing in the case ofhis automobiles, his typewriters, and his aeroplanes. Thus the naturalist and the paleontolog-


Visualizing static hierarchical organizations has been a focus of information visualization for many years, but it still remains challenging to produce visual representations of evolving, i.e. dynamic hierarchies. In this paper we extend the concept of indented plots to also support the depiction of changing hierarchies. We exploit the concept of static diagrams in order to support the preservation of a viewer's mental map. Changes between subsequent hierarchies are precomputed and visually indicated by color coded straight or curved lines depending on the type of change. Interactive features can be used to aggregate or collapse the dynamic hierarchy data in the supported dimensions, i.e. the vertex as well as the time dimension on different levels of hierarchical and temporal granularity. The usefulness of our technique is illustrated by means of a bibliography dataset where we show the changes in the yearly prefix tree acquired by extracting words occuring most frequently in more than 2,000,000 paper titles from the digital library DBLP.


Tarim River is one of the five largest inland rivers in the world.Aksu River is the largest water source to Tarim River.The water quantity discharged by Aksu River will directly influence the production development and environment protection in the Tarim River.Analyzing the regularity of variance of underlying surface in Aksu River Basin in the past 50 years and the science and feasibility of discharged water from Aksu River to Tarim River,put forward the main measures to achieve the objective of Aksu River water to Tarim River.


• A 42-year-old woman acquired solar urticaria approximately ten minutes after exposure to sunlight. Urticaria developed from visible light emitted from a projector lamp after a similar time lag. Monochromatic rays between 400 and 500 nm induced immediate urticaria by irradiation, with four times the minimal urticarial dose. Urticaria that was induced by monochromatic rays or the projector lamp was completely inhibited by immediate reirradiation of test sites with light waves longer than 530 nm. Radiant heat exposure from an electric hair dryer at 50 °C had no suppressive effects on the development of urticarial lesions. (Arch Dermatol1982;118:346-350)


Purpose:The aim of this study was to describe a new technique for the treatment of Ahmed valve plate exposure used in a patient with recurrent valvular plate exposure. Background:An important complication of glaucoma drainage devices is its exposure. The treatment options reported include the use of different grafts covered by mucosa or conjunctiva. Despite these treatments many valves reexpose, especially in patients with previously damaged conjunctiva. Methods:We report the case of a patient with Acanthamoeba keratitis and secondary angle closure glaucoma, who underwent a penetrating keratoplasty and an Ahmed valve implantation, and presented with repeated valvular plate exposure. After consecutive unsuccessful coverage methods, a novel use of a tarsoconjunctival flap was performed to solve this complication. Conclusions:Upper eyelid tarsoconjunctival flap is a useful option to cover exposed valvular plates in patients where traditional methods have failed.


Literally, the so-called three terms controller PID, has been extensively used in industrial applications for programming moving systems behavior. Given the fact that it is still in use, this paper will emphasize in the cooperation between such a controller and a very commonly used actuator, the servomotors. There is an introductory part which explains both parties operational characteristics and at the end a specific example of their use is illustrated.


A liquid container comprising, there is provided: a liquid storage portion (42) which is adapted to store therein liquid; a seal member (50) is resilient and adapted to close an opening (43b) of the liquid storage portion (42); and a memory (141) storing a puncturing number information from an entire Insti Chan number can be derived, which is a total number of times that the sealing element (50) has been pierced to provide fluid communication through the seal member (50), and which stores a liquid ejection apparatus number information , of which the number of fluid ejection devices (1) can be derived in which the sealing element (50) has been pierced.


A set of four similar superconductive coils of 166 mm inner winding diameter were wet-wound with NbTi wire for subsequent application in various configurations: one single coil, a pair of coils or all four coils stacked on top of each other and connected in series. The height of the winding was 41 mm and the thickness 9 mm. The detailed observation of the time-dependence of the current and voltage with a data processing system yielded information on the time scale of the quench propagation. In the single coil and the pair of coils the time dependence of the quench resistance with time was derived from an analysis of the current and the coil voltages during the transient. With the four coils the time required for the current to decrease from 90 % to 10 % gets shorter with increasing quench current. Variations of 1.6 s to 0.3 s were observed in this configuration. At the maximum current a magnetic induction of at least 2.5 T was reached in a volume of over 2.5 litres. The self-inductance of this system was 1.28 Henry and the stored energy attained 22 kJ.


Fire is a very common element of disturbance in the majority of terrestrial ecosystems, and its occurrence is reflected directly on species structure and composition. In this study, we characterized the vegetation structure and diversity after fire of a Tamaulipan thornscrub area, in northeast of Mexico. We established five sampling plots of 40 x 40 meters (1 600 m), where we performed a census of all trees and shrubs (d0.10 m >5cm). Were made to each individual measurements of diameter of crown. For each specie was obtained the importance value index (IVI) calculated starting of three variables, abundance according with the number of trees per hectare (Naha) dominance across of the coverage of the crown area, and frequency with base in its presence in the sites of sampling. Also, was calculated the indexes Shannon's Graciano-Ávila, G.; E. Alanís-Rodríguez, Ó.A. Aguirre-Calderón, E.A. Rubio-Camacho, y M.A. González-Tagle ESTRUCTURA Y DIVERSIDAD POSTINCENDIO EN UN ÁREA DEL MATORRAL ESPINOSO TAMAULIPECO STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY AFTER FIRE IN AN AREA OF TAMAULIPAN THORNSCRUB Instituto Politécnico Nacional Núm. 45: 89-100. Enero 2018 DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.45.7 Núm. 45: 89-100 Enero 2018 ISSN electrónico: 2395-9525 91 diversity (H ́) and Margalef ́s wealth(DMG). In total were registered twenty-four species, being Havardia Pallens which got the major values of importance with 11.3% IVIrel. For the Margalef Index was obtained a value of DMG = 3.16, which indicates a high wealth of species. With this are provided quantitative elements of the tree and shrub vegetation of a community burned, suggesting that this type of vegetation presents high values of regeneration.


Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the central nervous system (CNS). High levels of neurofilament light chain (NFL) and neurofilament heavy chain (NFH) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been associated with a wide range of neurological diseases including MS. Subjects and Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 40 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and 40 healthy control subjects to extract genomic DNA. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing technique. Genotypic and allelic distributions were compared between cases and controls. Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk of MS associated with selected SNP. Results: The results of the present study revealed that there were significant differences in the distribution of neurofilament light gene (NEFL) genotypes and allele frequencies between Iranian RRMS patients and controls. In Iranian RRMS patients, there was a significant association between NEFL gene polymorphism rs2979687 and the risk of MS. Conclusion: Our data indicate that there was a significant association between -374A>G NEFL gene polymorphism and risk of MS in Iranian patients. Probably, we can use it as a potential prognostic genetic marker. Further large prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.


Abstract The structure and composition of surface layers formed in the early stages of oxidation of single-crystal samples of iron have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Significant differences are observed between oxides obtained by laser irradiation and those obtained by isothermal heating in a furnace, under similar temperature and time of heating.


A new coelotine species of the family Amaurobiidae, belonging to the genus Tegecoelotes from Jilin, China, is described and illustrated: T. dysodentatus sp. nov.. Type specimens are deposited in the College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, China.


We previously reported that a novel targeted drug termed hybrid epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐lytic peptide, made by chemical conjugation of targeted binding peptide and cell‐killing, lytic‐peptide components, has selective cytotoxic activity that allows it to discriminate between normal and cancer cells. In addition, in vivo analysis revealed that this hybrid peptide displays significant antitumor activity in a xenograft model of human breast and pancreatic cancer in mice. Here, we characterized antilytic peptide antibody, which was raised from rabbit serum using the antigen of lytic peptide conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin. It was found that antilytic peptide antibody is specific to the lytic peptide as assessed by both ELISA and surface plasmon resonance analysis and can also bind to EGFR‐lytic peptide. Epitope mapping analysis using Biacore showed that two successive lysine regions in the lytic‐peptide sequence are significant for recognition by this antibody. In addition, it was shown that this antibody can detect lytic‐based hybrid peptide in serum samples from mouse blood and also in cultured breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 cell samples by immunocytochemical staining experiments. It was found that the maximum concentrations of this peptide in serum were reached within 15–30 min of i.v. administration of EGFR‐lytic peptide to mice. These results indicate that this antibody will be a useful tool for the detection of lytic‐based peptides to investigate their in vivo stability and pharmacokinetics. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Ideological and political education in higher education shows clear gender blindness from the perspective of gender philosophy.The gender analysis method provides a solution to eliminate gender interests in ideological and political work.The regional gender culture provides a feasible option for the integration and construction of ideological and political education and gender education.


In semiconductor foundries, wafer map defect analysis is crucial to prevent yield excursion. However, traditional manual inspection can hardly meet the high-throughput demand. Deep learning-based automatic defect detection shows promising efforts to achieve high accuracy and efficiency, yet the current approaches' performance is limited by the imbalanced dataset and lack of interpretability. In this article, we propose a variational autoencoder-enhanced deep learning model (VAEDLM) for wafer defect imbalanced classification. It is light-weighted and effective in wafer defect pattern recognition on imbalanced dataset. It used variational autoencoders (VAEs) and decoders to generate similar wafer defect maps and a refined deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature learning. We demonstrate the method using an authentic wafer map dataset, WM-811K. The performance is not only significantly improved after data augmentation, but it also beats the state-of-the art methods, reaching 99.19% accuracy, 99.10% recall, 99.23% precision, 99.96% AUC, and 99.16% for F1-score. It clearly demonstrates the method's efficacy to deal with the imbalanced defect pattern. Our study using saliency map and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) further leads to enhanced interpretability.