Abduction is concerned with hypothetical reasoning. It is a form of reasoning that generates a set of hypotheses that often explain some observed facts according to some known theory and constraints describing the domain of the observation. Abduction is most appropriate when we need to reason about problems for which we have incomplete information as for example in the case of common sense reasoning. Incomplete knowledge is handled by designating some relations as abducibles. These can then be assumed, whenever needed, thus extending the background theory, provided it is consistent to do BO. At a later stage they may be retracted if new information makes them inconsistent or inappropriate. Abductive reasoning is thus used in many problems of Artificial Intelligence such as Diagnosis, Planning, Natural Language Understanding and Knowledge Assimilation. The natural computational model of abduction that stems directly from its semantica1 definition is closely analogous to the basic computational model of Logic Programming (LP). Both models are goal oriented trying to succeed on a certain goal by making assumptions (in the case of LP these are equality assumptions), that are not given explicitly in the underlying theory (program) under some constraints (e.g. the equality theory in LP) governing the validity of the assumptions. It is thus very natural and relatively easy to integrate the two paradigms to obtain the enhanced framework of Abductive Logic Programming (ALP). We note here that, for basically the same reason, it is also easy to integrate abduction with another important extension of LP, namely Constraint Logic Programming. As a form of reasoning appropriate for handling incomplete information, abduction is also closely related to non-monotonic reasoning. It provides a framework where different forms of non-monotonic reasoning, e.g, default reasoning, counterfact ual reasoning and belief revision, can be accommodated. In particular, in the case of LP, Negation as Failure can be understood and generalised using abduction. Abduction thus appears as a principle or method that can unify many different aspects of Logic Programming. As a result the framework of ALP is a simple yet powerful and useful framework for many interesting and important problems. The tutorial provides an introduction to abduction with particular emphasis on Abductive Logic Programming. It covers semantic and computational issues and examines the connection of abduction to other forms of reasoning such as non-monotonic, default and temporal reasoning. The relation of ALP to other extensions of Logic Programming, such as Constraint Logic Programming and Inductive Logic Programming, is also examined. The tutorial includes a discussion of the use of abduction and ALP in Databases and in various application problems of Artificial Intelligence. An effort will be made to provide an extensive bibliography of past and recent work in the field.


FIELD: measurement equipment. SUBSTANCE: proposed group of inventions relates to measurement equipment, and namely to energy efficiency measuring devices. A control method of energy efficiency parameters of the device provides for connection of the controlled device, acquisition of data on input energy and output energy of the controlled device for a certain period of time, calculation of energy efficiency of the controlled device, determination of deviation of energy efficiency from standard energy efficiency of the controlled device and determination of state of the controlled device based on deviation of energy efficiency. An input energy control sub-module and an output energy control sub-module receive data on energy per one or more complete cycles chosen based on cyclic variations of energy efficiency of the device. A control device of energy efficiency parameters of the device includes an energy control module and a module for determination of energy efficiency. The energy control module is designed for acquiring data on input energy and output energy of the controlled device and for transmitting the same data to a module for determination of energy efficiency. The latter is designed for calculation of energy efficiency. EFFECT: improving measurement accuracy, providing a simple and reliable control mechanism of energy efficiency of devices. 8 cl, 2 dwg


In the paper a single channel color image encryption method based on compressed sensing (CS) was proposed. Firstly, a color image was modulated to the gray images by using a tricolor grating, and then the spectrum of the gray images was encrypted by applying CS technology, and regards the measurement matrix as a key. Decryption by choosing suitable filtering window, extract the R, G, B gray image spectrum reconstruction, finally achieved the reconstruction of the original color image. The simulation results indicate that this encryption method can effectively reduce the amount of sampling data, reduce the burden of subsequent storage, transmission and processing information. At the same time, it can increase the key space, and effectively improve the security of encryption.


In measuring the trade process in a double anction(DA) market,there is not any observable criterion that is able to describe the matching pairs and their transaction order dynamically,In this paper,we propse a new observable criterion called Marshallian deviation.It can be used to measure the distance of a transaction path deviating from the Marshallian path mathematically,and to answer the question why buyers with high values will trade with sellers with low costs in advance in some types of DA but not in others.Furthermore,three factors influencing the Marshallian deviations both in the CDA and in the PDA are also studied.They are repectively the strategic algorithm,the transaction duration and the number of traders.A few intersting findings are presented.


A series of poly(4-vinylpyridine)-b-poly(e-caprolactone) (P4VP-PCL) diblock copolymers have been synthesized and used for the formation of nanostructures with tunable colors arising from the association of chromophores with P4VP block in P4VP-PCL. The association of chromophores leads to the bathochromical shifts of charge transfer absorption peaks, resulting in the color appearance into the visible region. To achieve the formation of well-defined nanostructured materials, the phase behavior of the mixtures of chromophore/P4VP-PCL was systematically examined. As evidenced by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), the phase transformation of self-assembled nanostructures can be easily induced by introducing chromophores due to the association of 2-methylidenepropanedinitrile in the chromophores with the lone-pair electron of nitrogen in P4VP block (that is the increase on the effective volume fraction of P4VP, as identified by SAXS experiments through the analysis of one-...


The present invention relates to 4 (methoxyphenyl of 4 fluorine 2) N { 3 [(S sulfonyloxy methyls imino group) methyl] phenyl } 1, 3, the amine (compound A) of 5 triazine 2, more particularly (+) 4 (methoxyphenyl of 4 fluorine 2) N { 3 [(S sulfonyloxy methyls imino group) methyl] phenyl } 1, 3, the amine of 5 triazine 2 (compound A '), it is used to treat lymthoma, the preferred diffusivity large B cell lymphoid tumor (DLBCL) of lymthoma, lymphoma mantle cell, follicular lymphoma, diffusivity large B cell lymphoid tumor, Burkitt lymphoma, adult T cell lymphoma (ATL) and Hodgkin lymphoma, more preferably DLBCL and ATL.


Because of the lessening number of maintenance experts, a method to rationalize pipe inspection interval is desired. For this purpose, the evaluation method for the pipe integrity in the form of failure probability has been developed based on the Bayesian inference method in the previous paper. In this paper, the previous method is called the linear-Bayes method. The linear-Bayes method assumes wall thinning due to Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) as the principal damage mechanism, and it can define the safety margin of a pipe's residual life depending on the number of inspections. However, the linear-Bayes method ignores the corrosion rate fluctuation against time, which may be caused by the change of environment such as water chemistry and flow velocity. Therefore, the linear-Bayes method may underestimate the failure probability of the pipe segments if the online monitoring of the environments is not used. In this paper, the linear-Bayes method is extended for the wall-thinning model with the corrosion rate fluctuation. The extension is carried out through following two approaches : correction-term and error-term approaches. In this paper, the formulation and the procedure for each approach are shown at first. And then, the accuracy and the merit of the extended method are examined through the evaluation using the artificial and the actual inspection records. Through the examination, it is confirmed that the extended method makes the evaluation of the pipe integrity available in view of safety margin for the corrosion rate fluctuation, keeping the merits of the linear-Bayes method.


Cell phones have become increasingly popular in recent years. While people of various ages find cell phones convenient and useful, tend to be more dependent on them. Based on a survey conducted in a randomly in different age-size in Chennai City, cell phone use was examined. The survey consisted of questions that dealt with various aspects of cell phone use, such as cell phone ownerships, time spent for cell phone calls, monthly cell phone bills, communication networks, text messaging, and cell phone dependency. The survey results showed significant gender differences in several aspects of cell phone use. Multiple interpretations of the findings are discussed.


Considering the influence of atmosphere action, field test of swelling force on expansive soil is carried out in Nanning Guangxi. The test sustains a whole rain season. The testing results show that swelling force is closely linked to the process of rainfall. The phenomenon, that long drought turns the rain, induces a sudden change of swelling force. But the persistence of rainfall brings different influence on vertical and horizontal swelling force. The results of field test can provide reference to optimize the engineering design.


The structural phase transition, volume collapse and second order elastic constants of 5d-transition metal mononitride (IrN) have been investigated by using interaction potential model (IPM) which consists of Coulomb interaction, three-body interaction and short range overlap repulsive interactions. The present theoretical approach has predicted pressure-volume relationship curves which shows that IrN exhibits a zinc-blend (ZB) type structure at an ambient pressure and undergoes a structural phase transition from B3 to B1 phase at pressure 72 GPa. The equation of state shows volume collapse of 9.09 %. The phase transition pressure and associated volume collapses obtained from this model show a reasonable agreement with other theoretical results. The second order elastic constants are also investigated for ZB phase. Keywords: High Pressure, Phase Transition, Transition Metal Compounds


A general introduction on the electrochemistry of batteries is given in this chapter. Subsequently, the focus is shifted to the working mechanism and properties of lithium-ion batteries. Attention is especially paid to all-solid-state thin-film micro-batteries: to what respect do these deviate from liquid-electrolyte based Li-ion batteries and what requirements do these have from their constituting materials. The last section of this chapter will elucidate the scope of this thesis. Deposition and Characterization of Thin Films for 3D Lithium-ion Micro-Batteries


The growing interest in bioenergy crops that do not compete with food production for land use has promoted the implementation of low‐input crops on marginal lands. However, these crops can be highly limited by the low soil nutrient and water availability in these lands. In this work, biosolid compost (BC) was applied to improve the quality of a degraded, C‐poor soil under Mediterranean conditions. We evaluated the effects of BC addition on soil physical, chemical and biochemical properties in a field experiment with two native species with potential as bioenergy crops (Cynara cardunculus and Silybum marianum). The addition of BC significantly increased soil C content from <0.9% to >1%, and produced a two‐fold increase in soil P availability. Respiration rates and microbial activity were only slightly improved by BC, while significant increases in the PLFA molar content assigned to general classes of bacteria were recorded. The beneficial effects of BC triggered the percentage of seed germination in S. marianum (from 64% in control plots to 85% in the compost treatment) as well as the production of biomass in both species (two‐fold increase in the second year). Application of BC led to increases in energy yield of 58% for C. cardunculus and of 71% for S. marianum. Considering the low economic cost of BC, its application on marginal soils in combination with C. cardunculus crops, producing much larger biomass than S. marianum, could be considered as an option for degraded Mediterranean soils.


The temporal evolution of the drift modes and resulting anomalous transport are considered under the conditions of strong inhomogeneous flow shear [flow shear parameter dv0(r)∕dr is greater or comparable to the drift frequency] on the ground of the nonmodal approach with application to boundary regions of tokamaks. The nonmodal linear analysis of the effect of flow shear nonuniformity on the temporal evolution of the drift modes, performed on the base of the Hasegava–Wakatani model, has shown, that terms reflecting velocity profile curvature decay more rapidly with time, as compared with those containing only velocity shearing rate. Therefore, the linear effect of the flow shear nonuniformity appears to be subdominant and the long-time evolution of the drift modes is determined by more slowly damped shear rate contained terms. The anomalous transport of particles in shear flow due to nonmodal drift perturbations exhibits a subdiffusive behavior with the diffusion coefficient reducing in time as t−3.


Article 79 of the Fourth Edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (henceforth Code) describes an official List of Available Names in Zoology (henceforth LAN), consisting of a series of "Parts" (of defined taxonomic and temporal scope), compiled by relevant experts. The LAN represents a comprehensive inventory of names available under the Code. The aim of this manual is to define a procedure for implementing Article 79, with format suggestions for zoologists aiming to create a Part of the LAN for family-group, genus-group, or species-group names in zoological nomenclature. Because the LAN may serve as an important basis for retrospective content in ZooBank, the structure outlined here is designed to allow easy importation to ZooBank.

A Part ultimately adopted for the LAN will contain nomenclaturally available names but not necessarily all those within the scope of the Part: the comprehensiveness of the candidate Part is at the discretion of the experts proposing the Part. They may choose to include all nomenclaturally available names or use the proposal of a Part to pare away nomina dubia so they lose "status in zoological nomenclature despite any previous availability" (to quote Articles 10.7 and 79.4.3; that this was the intention of the framers of Article 79 is clear from the Preface to the Code). Nonetheless, we advocate that the proposing body include an inventory of all known names deemed to be available so it will be obvious that names not advocated for inclusion in the Part have not simply been overlooked. Because a candidate Part of the LAN is for an entire taxon at the specified rank and for the specified period, it must include the names of both living and fossil representatives of the taxon.

In the proposal for adding a Part to the LAN, an unavailable name corresponding to a later available one should be included in the Remarks section of the available name. Unavailable names that have not subsequently been made available can be added at the end of the candidate Part, along with information explaining them. The Commission and reviewers of the candidate Part will thereby have a list of such names and an understanding of why they are not available. Moreover, these names can be discussed during the periods required by Article 79 for input by the zoological community, when change in their status can be advocated by members of the community interested in the taxon under consideration.


The frequency of human causal factors in accidents reflects two types of behaviour. First, "normal" behaviour is strongly influenced by the road and traffic environment and is very much a product of the system we provide. Errors made in "normal" driving are, in part, the responsibility of the system designers and operators, a responsibility which cannot be abrogated. The second type of behaviour is "abnormal" - the drinker, the excessive speeder, the deliberate and reckless risk taker. Too often we assume the "deviates" are in the majority, but by definition they are not. The most effective approach to behaviour change is to look beyond the immediate causes when seeking solutions. Most often there should be a combination of environmental, behavioural change and exposure control elements as in the speed management program presently being implemented in Victoria. The model for success is to target specific problems identified through a combination of detailed accident analysis and behavioural observation. The measures selected to combat the identified problems should be applied not in isolation but as part of an integrated programmatic approach. No single approach will succeed alone. Road users must accept greater individual responsibility for their safety - and we need to provide access to the necessary knowledge and skills to achieve this - but they are entitled to expect a road and traffic system that facilitates safety.


The present study was designed to explore a suitable methodology for the determination of digestible amino acids in adult Japanese quails and to compare the digestibilities of amino acids of corn and soybean meal between quails and cockerels. Adult cockerels (12n) were divided into two groups of six birds each. The first group was precision fed with 50 g of soybean meal. Maize was offered to the second group of birds as per Farrell's method. The quails were divided into six groups of 10 birds each. Maize and soybean meal were fed ad libitum for 3 h duration to 3 groups each. The digestibilities of majority of the amino acids of maize (except histidine) were significantly (P< 0.05 to 0.001) higher in quails as compared to cockerels. On the contrary the apparent digestibility of histidine was significantly higher (P<0.001) in cockerels than that of quails. The apparent digestibilities of basic amino acids viz., lysine and arginine of soybean meal were significantly (P<0.05) higher in quails as compared to cockerels. On the other hand, the digestibility of histidine, cystine, threonine, phenylalanine, serine and proline was significantly higher ((P<0.001) in cockerels than quails. The results of the present study indicated that the 3h ad libitum feeding technique appeared to be a rapid, cost effective and simple method for conducting digestibility studies in Japanese quails. The findings also revealed that the practice of using digestible amino acid values generated with cockerels in quail feed formulations might not be appropriate and meaningful.


The paper examines whether central banks should be committed to achieving price stability (a low-inflation target), and how strong (explicit) their long-term monetary commitment should be. For that purpose we propose a game theoretic framework that enables us to model various degrees of commitment, as well as its endogenous determination. Our main policy contribution consists in showing that the socially optimal degree of long-term monetary commitment depends on: (i) the potential short-term cost in terms of reduced stabilization ‡exibility, (ii) the potential bene…t in terms of better anchored expectations, (iii) the structure of the economy, (iv) agents'expectations formation, and (v) the degrees of the central bank's conservatism (strictness) and ambition. The latter point implies substitutability between explicit in‡ation targeting and central bank goal-independence, and o¤ers a possible explanation for the fact that countries with originally low degrees of central bank goal-independence have tended to commit more explicitly to price stability (legislate a unitary or hierarchical mandate rather than a dual mandate). Keywords: Commitment, price stability, endogenous timing, monetary policy mandate, explicit goals JEL classi…cation: E52, C72, E61 The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the support by the Australian Research Council (DP0879638). Corresponding author: La Trobe University, School of Business, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia. Phone: +61 3 94792754, Email: email@example.com. University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 22, Plzeμ n, 30614, Czech Republic. Phone: (+420) 777 846 682, Fax: (+420) 377 632 602, Email: email@example.com. Endogenous Monetary Commitment 1


This paper presents a proposed quality assurance (QA) program for chiropractors using surface electromyography (SEMG) in their offices. The paper examines in detail the various aspects of the program including both the technical and professional components. The technical component has three sub topics: equipment, technical procedures and data processing; as does the professional component: qualification/certification, compliance/peer review and patient selection. These are also further broken down to discuss the aspects dealing with quality and also other basic components necessary to understand the effective use of SEMG in the chiropractic office. The rationale for such a program is presented first and the details of the various aspects later. The complete program is represented in a number of charts which form a blueprint for the total QA program. As this is a proposed program, the authors invite feedback and criticism so that it may be optimized.


The stereochemistry of the tryptophan residue of N-malonyltryptophan has been believed to be of D-form. We reinvestigated the stereochemistry by using HPLC with a chiral column. Both forms were detected; however, the L-form was a major component. The ratio of 0: L was determined to be 1 : 32 in pea leaves and 1: 3 in wheat roots.


Review(s) of: A History of the Modern Australian University, by Hannah Forsyth, ISBN 9781742234120, New South Publishing, 279 pp., 2014.


Background Cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERS) play a transdiagnostic role in emotional disorders, but the role of these strategies in coping with emotions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains poorly understood. Aims To assess the presence of emotional disorders in Spain and the association to sociodemographic characteristics and CERS during the COVID-19 outbreak. Method Cross-sectional survey administered through an online platform. Sociodemographic variables and CERS (CERQ-Short) were collected and possible diagnoses of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD, GAD-7), major depression disorder (MDD; Patient Health Questionnaire–9 [PHQ-9]), panic attacks (PA; PHQ-PD), and panic disorders (PD; PHQ-PD) were assessed. Sociodemographic risk factors and CERS association to the possible diagnosis of emotional disorders were reported with hierarchical multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results A total of 1,753 respondents completed the questionnaire in Spain. Of these, most (76.8%) were female, with a mean (SD) age of 40.4 years (12.9). A high proportion of participants met diagnostic criteria for emotional disorders: 15.3% for GAD, 12.2% for MDD, 17.2% for PD, and 25.7% had experienced a PA. The contribution of sociodemographic variables to diagnoses of emotional disorders was modest, explaining from 3.1% to 5.7% of the variance; however, when CERS were added, the combination of sociodemographic and CERS explained from 15% to 29% of the variance. Rumination and catastrophizing were the most transdiagnostic maladaptive strategies and positive refocusing was another adaptive strategy. Discussion Although results from convenience samples should be handled with caution, the high prevalence of emotional disorders in this study suggests that the demand of mental health interventions will probably increase in Spain. Also, CERS play a clear role in the presence of these disorders. Conclusion Intervention programs should focus on training CERS in populations at high risk, focusing on the reduction of maladaptive CERS and the reinforce of other more adaptive CERS.


Consumers are constantly reminded of their responsibility towards the environment in a world where words such as global warming, carbon footprint, recycling or going green has become common language. What was previously considered to be accepted practices are in many instances frowned upon today and consumers and corporations are expected to contribute towards a greener mother earth. However in South Africa, unused recycle bins, single travellers in luxury cars, busy airports and vast deforested areas for new developments may tell another story. The question arises whether the tourist takes the responsibility to balance the three pillars of sustainability: the planet, its people and profit. Undeniably tourism activities will impact on the environment where a healthy economy is needed in a fast paced global environment. The situation is further complicated in instances where a tourist is using resources which is already included in the product price. A prime example of this is luxurious large bath tubs, towels and bedding which is replaced daily, inclusive use of electricity and water to name a few. This research evaluates and compares environmentally friendly practices of tourists at home versus practices followed whilst on holiday. Data was collected from tourists in the arrival hall of a local airport. Results reveal that there is a general respect for others and one's surroundings but re-use, re-cycle or switching off unused lights or appliances is practices which should be deeper engraved into the behaviour of consumers.


Management strategy within the Ford Motor Company has been going through a quiet revolution in the last decade. From being a utility car producer understanding competitive advantage exclusively in cost terms and equating management with control Ford have adopted a long‐term strategy of design‐led product innovation and promoting high trust labour relations. At the heart of this change strategy are the twin thrusts of 'Participative Management' aimed primarily at the executive level and 'Employee Involvement' for salaried and hourly employees. Both projects were borne of the watershed, if inherently flawed, 'After Japan' initiative of the early 1980s. 'After Japan' represented Ford's assimilation of the organisational — as well as economic — challenge thrown down by Japanese manufacturing. But what began as an ambitious attempt to impose Japanese factory institutions such as quality circles on a suspicious workforce rapidly degenerated into a conventional cost‐cutting exercise. From this experience, however, Ford's strategists moved towards a more processual, less mechanistic, understanding of organisational change. We shall examine the results of the 'El' process in a variety of settings and the impact of 'PM' on decision‐making processes within Ford UK.


It has been determined that the existing studies in the literature about women architects have remained in the background or ignored in the historical process, there are barriers they have encountered in the sector, their visibility in the sector is low and they have left the profession of architecture over time. However, it has been observed that it has not been investigated whether the career barriers that female architects encounter differ according to their career stages. The aim of this research is to fill the knowledge gap identified in this field in the literature and to reveal the career barriers faced by women architects.
Quantitative research method was used in this study and data were collected by questionnaire method.
It has been understood that the glass ceiling and sexist attitudes, which are among the career barriers of female architects, differ according to career stages.
The limitations of the research are that the participation of the participants in the research is based on voluntariness, contacting people through online platforms due to Covid 19, the research is carried out in a limited time frame and the opinions of the participants are limited to the questions in the measurement tools.
Within the construction industry, women architects face career barriers throughout their careers. Ensuring that more women architects take part in the construction sector will be an important step in reducing or eliminating such barriers. However, making individual efforts to prevent these barriers faced by female architects during their careers will not produce a real solution.
The research is considered important in that it has not been investigated whether the career barriers found to be faced by female architects differ according to career stages and in this context, this study is the first of its kind.


In the present work, a toughness hydrogel was manufactured by introducing kapok/PET assembly into single network of polyacrylamide hydrogels. The textile reinforced hydrogels (TRH) exhibits apparently higher young modulus than PAAM hydrogel. The normal strength of TRH was six-times higher than that of PAAM hydrogel when it was compressed at 40%. In addition, the swelling ability of TRH in x-y planar direction was largely suppressed, with only a 6.25% increase in the edge length. It was significantly lower than the swelling ability of PAAM hydrogel, which was high to 62.5%. While in the z direction, the swelling ability of TRH was much improved if compared with that of PAAM hydrogel, indicating the anisotropy in swelling properties of TRH. Besides, although the solution absorption ability of TRH was clearly decreased because of the suppress of kapok/PET assembly, the TRH and PAAM hydrogel depicted approximately the same swelling behaviour in the initial 8 hours of absorption from totally dry state.


The concept of particle packing has always been very important factor in production of concrete with good properties, principally strength and durability. The addition of mineral additives, whose particle size is lower than that of cement, improves the packing as these takes up the voids between the cement grains and in fact also reduces the water demand. The foremost measure for the particle packing involves the selection of appropriate sizes of materials to get maximum packing density and minimum voids. The increase in particle packing can increase the hydration 1. Wprowadzenie


This paper surveys the algorithms for steady state and transient analyses of stochastic fluid flow models developed by the authors and conveniently brings together the disparate set of results reported in papers strewn across a variety of journals. A discussion is provided of some additional care that is needed while implementing the algorithms to take care of the fact that the transient distributions may have atoms of non-negligible size.


This article explores the potential of a partnership between general teachers and special educators in relation to developing exemplary literacy classrooms. The focus is on how these partners can collaborate effectively to create a classroom literacy program for all learners. Successful teaming practices are highlighted, including the development of shared knowledge and beliefs about literacy learning and fundamentals of teacher collaboration. An example of a partnership between fourth-grade teachers offers ideas for coordinating schedules to maximize teaming opportunities. This example also describes steps teacher-partners can take to plan a comprehensive classroom literacy framework, and ways they can work together to identify and provide appropriate levels of challenge and support for diverse learners. Two students are profiled within the example (one with a mild and one with a significant disability). Descriptions are offered to illustrate how these two students participate in various classroom literacy routines and how their teachers work together to address their individual literacy goals and support needs.

We do a lot of give and take. It just works out well. Plus, we do see a lot of results—we see a lot of growth. And that's what's so exciting about it. I think children feel better about themselves too, because they aren't getting pulled out. We had to work out a schedule that was going to work for the kids. The kids are our first priority. Kathy, third-grade teacher


Our first reaction to this case was to recommend additional medical therapies to address Julia's menorrhagia; surgery appeared unnecessarily risky without any guarantees that her symptoms would abate. After further reflection, although the surgery poses risks, we cannot (and perhaps should not) put ourselves in Mrs. Dowling's shoes. She has been caring for Julia for 17 years and we must trust that she has made and will continue to make decisions in her daughter's best interest. Therefore, although we may view this course of action as extreme or too risky, we feel obligated to give exceptional weight to her request, if and only if Julia assents. Additionally, although it was not the focus of this analysis, we do not believe that the surgeon should be forced into performing this surgery. In our opinion, the surgeon should comprehensively explain the factors contributing to her decision not to offer surgical treatment. The mother can then choose to seek a second opinion, but the surgeon is not obligated to assist in this search which is in direct conflict with her best clinical practice beliefs. &


OBJECTIVE: To study the optimum supercritical- fluid extraction technique for Xiangjiang Granula essential oil. METHODS: The orthogonal test was adopted to optimize the extraction process using the content of Ligustilide and the yield rate of essential oil as indicators, and 95% ethanol as co- solvents. The content of Ligustilide was determined by HPLC, using Phenomenex Luna C18( 250nm× 4. 6nm, 5μ m) as column and methanol- 0. 5% glacial acetic acid( 30∶ 70) as mobile phase, with the detection wavelength set at 280 nm. RESULTS: The optimal extraction conditions were: temperature at 50℃ , pressure at 45MPa, extraction time for 3h, and 95% ethanol as co- solvents. The Ligustilide had a good linearty relationship between 5. 1~ 25. 5μ g· mL- 1( r=0. 999 8) . CONCLUSIONS: This technique is easy, convenient and workable, and can provide theoretical support for production.


Vortex shedding behind a cylinder can be controlled by placing another small cylinder behind it, at low Reynolds numbers. This has been demonstrated experimentally by Strykowski & Sreenivasan (J. Fluid Mech. vol. 218, 1990, p. 74). These authors also provided preliminary numerical results, modelling the control cylinder by the innovative application of boundary conditions on some selective nodes. There are no other computational and theoretical studies that have explored the physical mechanism. In the present work, using an over-set grid method, we report and verify numerically the experimental results for flow past a pair of cylinders. Apart from providing an accurate solution of the Navier–Stokes equation, we also employ an energy-based receptivity analysis method to discuss some aspects of the physical mechanism behind vortex shedding and its control. These results are compared with the flow picture developed using a dynamical system approach based on the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) technique.


Objective To observe the effect of Kangnaoye 1 on nervous apoptosis and Bc1-2/Bax ratio in SD rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,to explore its possible protective mechanism for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.Methods SD rat models of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) were copied and given 12-,24-,72-hour reperfusion after 2 h of ischemia.One hundred eighty rats were randomized into groups A(sham operation group),B(model group or ischemia-reperfusion group),C(receiving fasudil hydrochloride injection),D(receiving Kangnaoye 1) and E(receiving Kangnaoye 1).The effects of Kangnaoye 1 on cerebral ischemic neurological function,infarct size and pathomorphology.The number of ischemia half silent zone apoptosis and Bc1-2/Bax ratio were determined by TUNEL method and immunohistochemistry.Results The apoptosis number increased in group B as compared with group A.Kangnaoye 1 reduced,in varying degrees,the scores of nervous function,infarct size,the changes of pathomorphology in experimental ischemic rats(P0.05).In groups D,E,the number of cerebral ischemia half silent zone nervous apoptosis decreased,Bc1-2/Bax ratio increased,there was not significant difference between 2 groups(P0.05).Conclusion Kangnaoye 1 can promote the repair and remodeling of cerebral injuries by regulating neuronal apoptosis and Bc102/Bax ratio,thus to play a role in cerebral protection.


The problem of finding the occurrences of a pattern in a body of text is discussed. Several algorithms exist to solve this problem. The authors provide an overview of the Boyer-Moore algorithm, including its performance characteristics. They explain the implementation of the Kurak algorithm and its performance characteristics and compare the two algorithms. The analysis shows the Kurak algorithm to be superior when counting comparisons and when timing the search. The Kurak algorithm requires preprocessing of the text and thus, for the initial search, more time is required than for the Boyer-Moore algorithm. However, after the text has been processed the Kurak algorithm always provides superior performance.<<ETX>>


This article analyzes the effects of the recent developments in Iran—namely, the Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War—on the activities of multinational corporations (MNCs) in the Arab oil-producing countries of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates. The level of sales, contracts, and investments by MNCs reflect the perceived spill-over effect of revolution and war and therefore the perceived increase in the risk of losses due to political instability.


The Anesthesia Online Research & Training Aid (AORTA) has ben developed to automatically query multiple online resources using terminology with which clinicians ae already familiar and to prevent filtered results in an easy to use manner. AORTA aims to provide clinicians with higher quality results that are useful for daily care of patients and for busy clinicians to keep up to date on practices.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early outcome following the manipulation of distal radius and ulna fractures under ketamine sedation in paediatric patients.Patients presenting with fractures of the distal radius and ulna and manipulated in the Emergency department (ED) were identified from the ED databases and retrospectively reviewed. 40 children were identified. No patient had neurovascular (NV) symptoms prior to manipulation under anaesthetic (MUA). No patients required admission for complications related to ketamine sedation following MUA. Fracture angulation improved significantly. 4 patients required admission for repeat MUA +/- K-wire stabilisation/open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) due to failure of reduction. There were no neurological/vascular complications on discharge. All patients had made excellent functional recovery on discharge. Manipulation of paediatric forearm fractures under ketamine is safe. Excellent radiological and clinical results were noted for the majority of patients. Most requiring further operative intervention were all completely displaced on radiographs in two orthogonal views. We therefore highlight a fracture pattern that is not suitable for MUA in the absence of portable x-ray.


Modelling the acoustic response of the vocal tract is a complex task, both from the point of view of acquiring details of its internal geometry and of accounting for the acoustic-flow interactions. A VOcal-tract ACoustics program (VOAC) has been developed [P. Davies, R. McGowan & C. Shadle, Vocal Fold Phys., ed. I. Titze, San Diego: Singular Pub., 93-142 (1993)], which uses a more realistic, aeroacoustic model of the vocal tract than classic electrical-analogue representations. It accommodates area and hydraulic radius profiles, smooth and abrupt area changes, incorporating end-corrections, side-branches, and net fluid flows, including turbulence losses incurred through jet formation. Originally, VOAC was tested by comparing vowel formant frequencies (i) uttered by subjects, (ii) predicted using classic electrical analogues, and (iii) predicted by VOAC. In this study, VOAC is further validated by comparing the predicted frequency response functions for a range of flow rates with measurements of the radiated sound from a series of mechanical models of unvoiced fricatives [C. Shadle, PhD thesis, MIT-RLE Tech. Rpt. 506 (1985)]. Results show VOAC is more accurate in predicting the complete spectrum at a range of flow rates. Finally, preliminary work is presented with VOAC used to simulate the sound generated at a sequence of stages during the release of a plosive.


By summarizing the experience of ten years building urban pipe GIS,it discusses the development of Pipe GIS in China,the influence factors on building pipe GIS,also it makes favorable suggestions on building pipe GIS.


A copy of a statement made by Senator Alan Cranston at a press conference to discuss the Comprehensive AIDS Resource Emergency Act of 1990 (C.A.R.E Act).


ABSTRACT

Biomass gasification is an energy conversion technology that converted biomass into synthetic gas, syngas, such as CO, H2 and CH4 which can be employed as fuel that environmentally sound. Syngas has potential to be used as diesel engine fuel. This research was done to analysis the potential reduction of diesel fuel consumption when the diesel engine is simultaneously fueled by diesel fuel and syngas in dual fuel system. The research was done by running the diesel engine in various speeds, i.e. 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm. The syngas was inputted into the engine via air intake of the engine. The input rate of syngas as well as air was set by varying the air intake valve at ½, ¾, and full positions. Performance parameter determined was consumption reduction of diesel fuel. Cost analysis was also done to know the treatment effect on the reduction of diesel fuel cost. Experimental result shows that rotational speed of the engine and input rate of syngas and air were significantly affect in the reduction of diesel fuel of dual fuel system diesel engine. The faster rotational speed and the lesser air input the bigger reduction of diesel fuel. At 2000 rpm and ½ of air intake wide of valve the reduction of diesel fuel consumption was 335 ml/hr. One liter of diesel fuel was equal as 8.33 kg of wood charcoal.

Keywords: gasification, biomass, diese enginel, dual fuel system


Three species of Eucoccidia were established in 38 studied Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua FORSTER, 1781) from King George Island, the Antarctic: Eimeria pygosceli GOLEMANSKY, 2003, Eimeria sp. and Isospora sp. Data on the morphology, microphotographs of their oocysts and prevalence of invasion with the observed coccidians are given. The total prevalence of the studied 38 birds with coccidians is 60.5%. The most frequent parasite is Isospora sp. (prevalence 39.5%), followed by E. pygosceli (26.3%) and Eimeria sp. (18.4%). In 4 of the studied birds a high abundance of oocysts of Isospora sp. and E. pygosceli was observed. The author supposes that the coccidiosis is probably one of the limiting factors on the population abundance of Gentoo penguins from the South Shetland Archipelago.


It is shown that our multi-high-frequency $(40\ensuremath{-}200 \mathrm{GHz})$ resonant cavity technique yields distortion-free high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra for single-crystal samples of the uniaxial and biaxial spin $S=10$ single-molecule magnets (SMM's) $[{\mathrm{Mn}}_{12}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}({\mathrm{CH}}_{3}\mathrm{COO}{)}_{16}({\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}{)}_{4}]\ensuremath{\cdot}2{\mathrm{CH}}_{3}\mathrm{COOH}\ensuremath{\cdot}4{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ and $[{\mathrm{Fe}}_{8}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_{12}(\mathrm{tacn}{)}_{6}]{\mathrm{Br}}_{8}\ensuremath{\cdot}9{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}.$ The observed line shapes exhibit a pronounced dependence on temperature, magnetic field, and the spin quantum numbers ${(M}_{S}$ values) associated with the levels involved in the transitions. Measurements at many frequencies allow us to separate various contributions to the EPR linewidths, including significant D strain, g strain, and broadening due to the random dipolar fields of neighboring molecules. We also identify asymmetry in some of the EPR line shapes for ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{8}$ and a previously unobserved fine structure to some of the EPR lines for both the ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{8}$ and ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{12}$ systems. These findings prove relevant to the mechanism of quantum tunneling of magnetization in these SMM's.


From five different sites of Assam, 22 bacterial strains were isolated from the root nodules of Crotolaria pallida. The isolates were subjected to morphological and physiological characterization, and compared with reference strains Rhizobium leguminoserum MTCC-99, Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC-120 and Mesorhizobium thiogangeticum MTCC-7001. Although isolates showed close similarity in their morphological features, they had wide variation in their physiological features. All the 10 selected isolates were found to be potent phosphate solubilizer and the isolate DCP1 showed the highest phosphate solubilization efficiency (PSE; 187%). IAA production was detected in 8 isolates with the highest production (66 μg/mL) by MKCP1. The isolates also showed wide variation in their pH and salt tolerance ability. NifH gene analysis revealed the presence of nifH gene in 6 isolates. The result of PCR-RFLP grouped the isolates into three different 16S rDNA types; 2 isolates were related to B. japonicum MTCC-120, 6 isolates were related to R. leguminoserum MTCC-99 and 2 isolates were related to M. thiogangeticum MTCC-7001.


We analysed data collected from approximately 2,600 Brambling Fringilla montifringilla caught while attracted to artificial food at a site in Norfolk, England over seven winters. The age and sex composition of trapped birds varied between winters in relation to the total number of birds caught, but no systematic pattern was apparent. During invasion years, when a higher number of birds were present on the study site, the proportion of males was higher. In any one winter, 38–70% of the Brambling were male and 63–86% were juvenile. Very few adult females visited the study site. Males had longer wings than females, by an average of 5–6 mm and the wings of adults averaged 1–2 mm longer than juveniles. There was sexual dimorphism in body weight, with males being on average 2 g heavier than females. Adults were on average 1 g heavier than juveniles. Within winters, mean body weights were higher in warmer months. Between winters, there was significant variation in wing length and body weight, which may have been associated with variation in the geographical origin of the birds or food availability. Approximately 70% of juveniles had undergone a partial moult of the greater coverts, with an average of between 2.7 and 3.4 old greater coverts being retained. Annual variation in the progression of moult was probably due to food availability and weather conditions on the breeding grounds or where the juveniles moulted. The mean proportion of Brambling retrapped within‐winters was 5.7% (range 0–15%) and there was no evidence to suggest that site fidelity was different in invasion years. Recoveries of ringed birds suggest that Brambling over‐wintering in Norfolk originate from Scandinavia and pass through the Low Countries on migration.


Objective To evaluate the relation between clinicopathological character-istics and prognosis in maxillary sinus epithelial carcinoma(ECMS).Methods 124 such patients were reviewed retrospectively.There were treated by radiotherapy alone(RT-,40 patients),surgery alone(S-,18 patients)and combined modality therapy(R+S-,66 patients).Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival,Logrank test was used to compared the difference between groups.Multivariate analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazard model.Results The overall 5-year survival,cancer-specific survival and progression-free survival rates were 32.5%,37.4% and 27.2%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that tumor location,histological type,T stage,N stage,clinical stage and treatment modality were associated with cancer-specific survival and progression-free survival,while age was only associated with cancer-specific survival.Multivariate analysis indicated that histological type,T stage,clinical stage and treatment modality were independent prognostic factors.Conclusions T stage and clinical stage are the independent prognostic factors for maxillary sinus epithelial carcinoma.Prophylactic neck irradiation is necessary even for T3-T4N0 patients.The best treatment strategy for maxillary sinus carcinoma needs further research.


By feedback analysis and research on the safety monitoring data of high slope,the important guarantee could be provided for construction guiding,feedback design and slope stability evaluation.The sliding zone is inferred here and the slope stability is further evaluated by the comprehensive analysis of multi-point extensometer monitoring data,inclinometer monitoring data and appearance deformation data of some slopes.On the basis of the feedback information,the sliding zone and the thickness of sliding body could be decided and the reinforcing measures,supporting parameters and excavation scheme could be dynamically optimized.The study could provide the reliable analyzing basis for the optimal design and informational construction of high slopes.


SmCo7−xCrx (x=0–0.6) magnets have been synthesized by mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing. A small amount of Cr favors the formation of Th2Ni17-type 2:17 phase and increasing the Cr content can extend the temperature range in which the hexagonal 2:17 phase remains stable. The coercivities of the SmCo7−xCrx magnets are significantly enhanced by increasing the Cr content. The highest coercivity of 15.8kOe is obtained for the SmCo6.4Cr0.6 alloy annealed at 700°C for 30min. The transformation of Th2Ni17-type structure to Th2Zn17-type structure is observed when increasing the annealing temperature. The magnetization reversal process of the alloys has been discussed, according to the measurement of initial magnetization curves and minor hysteresis loops.


Under the background of new physical education curriculum reform,through making secret investigation on physical education teaching condition and interview with sport teachers of key middle schools in some regions of Yinchuan city,this paper finds out many problems.The start point of curriculum reform is good,but it has a long way to go for displaying its actual effect and achieving the anticipatory goal.


Background: Addiction is one of the most complex diseases of the century that for it's treatment various methods have been proposed. In this regard, one of the non-pharmacological methods with a profound effect on drug withdrawal involves the participation of addicted individuals in a 12-step anonymous addiction recovery program. The purpose of this study was to compare the sustained remission from drug addiction among individuals taking part in an anonymous recovery program and those attending a rehabilitation center for drug withdrawal.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 300 participants (150 individuals of the anonymous recovery program and 150 patients of the rehabilitation center) in Mashhad, Iran, using a random sampling technique. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts, namely demographic information and information related to sustained remission from drug addiction in the attendees of the two groups.
Results: The obtained results indicated that there was a significant difference between the two groups in term of withdrawal from drug abuse  (χ2 = 0.08; P < 0.001). Addiction resumption occurred in 40.7, 48.4, and 10.9% of cases in the first, second, and third months, respectively. Regarding addiction relapses, 42% and 70% of patients in the rehabilitation and anonymous groups failed to accomplish the recovery, respectively. Regarding sustained remission from drug addiction among the investigated subjects, 40% of the cases in the anonymous addict group and 51.6% of individuals in the rehabilitation canter could persistently withdraw from drug abuse for more than  6 and 3 months, respectively.  Accordingly, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of sustained remission from drug addiction (χ2 = 0.08; P < 0.001).
Conclusion: On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that attendance to anonymous addict meetings can be a useful strategy to continue the addiction withdrawal after the detoxification period.


In this paper, a new kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of chromium was introduced. It was based on the fact that the Cr(ⅳ) could catalyze the discoloration of alizarin red dyeing oxidized by Potassium-periodate and sodium oxalate as the activator in HAc-NaAc medium. The optimum conditions influencing the rate of the reaction were examined. The method was sensitive, simple and selective. The linear range of the determination was 0-40 μg/L. The detection limit was 2.0×10-6 g/L. This method was used in the determination of trace Chromium(ⅳ) in the synthetic reaction solutions and the polluted water with satisfactory results.


Systematic petrological, geochemical, and chronological studies of Cenozoic intra-plate volcanism in southwesternJapan, in the KitaMatsuura area in northwestern Kyushu, reveal temporal and spatial changes in mantle melting processes on a time scale of 2 5 Myr and a horizontal scale of 35 km.The most extensive basaltic activity in the area occurred between 8 5 and 6 0 Ma. Four vertical sections through the volcanic sequence from the underlying basement to the top flows were studied to encompass the distribution of the KitaMatsuura basalt. In the central and western sections (Hirado, Senryu, and Ishimori) there is a temporal variation in the chemical composition of the basalts: volcanism initiated eruption of mildly alkaline basalts (lowto medium-SiO2 group) followed by major flows of sub-alkaline basalt (mediumto high-SiO2 group). The eastern section (Kunimi section) is characterized by mildly alkaline basalts (low-SiO2 group). Each SiO2 group has a distinctive phenocryst assemblage and major element composition. The Zr/Y, Nb/Th, and Nb/Y ratios of the Kita-Matsuura basalts are positively correlated, which cannot be explained by assimilation of crustal materials but instead is linked to melting processes in the mantle. The average segregation depth of the inferred parental magmas of the three groups decreases in the order of SiO2 enrichment, indicating a temporal decrease in melt segregation depth in the central and western sections.The correlation between Zr/Yand Nb/Y can be reproduced by a series of instantaneous melts resulting from decompressional critical melting of a primitive mantle source with 2% trapped melt. In each section, both Zr/Yand Nb/Y decrease upwards, which implies an increase in the degree of melting with time. The temporal and spatial variations in basalt chemistry are most plausibly accounted for by progressive melt extraction during mantle upwelling, which started in the garnet stability field ( 3 0 GPa) and ended in the spinel field ( 1 5 GPa). Upwelling was centred beneath the Hirado section, in the westernmost area in KitaMatsuura, with a diameter inferred to be greater than 70 km.


A new Schiff base ligand (L) and its transition divalent metal complexes were prepared by the condensation reaction; Reaction was carried out at 70-80 C by refluxing equimolar ratio of toluidine and aldehyde by continuous stirring for 5-6 hours. Synthesized ligand and Ni(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II) bimetallic complexes were characterized by using FT-IR, UV-visible spectroscopy, AAS, Single crystal X-ray analysis, H-NMR, molar conductance. Compounds were screened against two fungus Candida glabrata and Candida albicans by agar tube dilution protocol. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity via induced paw edema method and in vitro results by heat induced protein denaturation method were checked. Synthesized compounds were also showed antioxidant activity by using DPPH (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) and Trolox was used as standard. These studies show that ligand and almost all metal complexes are reactive towards biological assays against reported standard drugs. Zn-L indicates more activeness for antioxidant activity and free ligand while Co-L recognized as more effective anti-inflammatory drug.


This paper examines key discussions occurring in relation to three issues currently affecting the news media both globally and locally. They are: an apparent disconnection between the media and their publics; declines in circulation and readership; and the increasing role and influence of new technologies on news media. While this paper considers these issues at the global level, it applies them to the local. It does so through an exploration of their impact on and consequences for regional newspapers in Queensland. Specifically, I explore these issues through an examination of the current status of Queensland regional newspapers in relation to a number of areas including: circulation; the use of information technologies, in particular websites; and how technologies might be used to foster public discussion in the process connecting geographically isolated publics and creating new readerships. This paper sets the scene by reviewing the latest research and discussion surrounding the key issues of public disconnection with media, declining circulations of newspapers and the Internet's impact on newspapers. In respect to the latter issue, this paper investigates some of the ways in which the Internet is being used as a method of reinvolving a variety of publics in public discussion and reconnecting them with journalists. I then provide an overview of the current status of Queensland regional newspapers in relation to circulation and their use of websites. Finally, this paper draws on the recent developments in the use of the web by newspapers, particularly those in the USA, to provide a number of suggestions and ideas about 2 how regional newspapers might improve their use of information technologies. In particular, the web offers these newspapers a method of addressing ongoing circulation declines as well as the disconnection between the news media and publics.


A comprehensive study of types of quality assessment methods used for inpainted images is presented in this paper. Both quantitative and qualitative measures are studied in detail. The process of inpainting can be compared to blind convolution problem. Therefore, a quality assessment metric with no reference is discussed for assessing the inpainted image quality quantitatively. The objective assessment of inpainted image is done by Degree of Noticeability and Average Squared Visual Salience score. It is observed that the objective score does not always match with the human perception and hence subjective analysis is proposed on the basis of observer score.


Deliberative democracy is a new model of democracy which has been developing in response to the various defects of electoral democracy. Absolute equality and the public interests are taken as the core beliefs of deliberative democracy. Based on highly developed economy, sound legal system and mature civics, deliberative democracy aims to resolve the political dilemma which has been puzzling the human society. Studies on deliberative democracy in China have enriched the existing political resources and are establishing a new theoretical foundation for China's democratic improvement.


The problem of breaking an image into meaningful regions is considered. Bayesian decision theory is seen to provide a mechanism for including problem dependent (semantic) information in a general system. Some results are presented which make the computation feasible. A programming system based on these ideas and their application to road scenes is described.


A semi-solid metal to be able to take out suitably from the container, to provide an apparatus for manufacturing a semi-solid metal capable of improving the quality of molded products. A manufacturing apparatus 1 of the semi-solid metal is production apparatus 1 of the semi-solid metal includes a container 21, an auxiliary cooling device 37. Container 21 includes a hollow member 31 which opens in the vertical direction, can close the opening of the lower hollow member 31 and has a hollow member 31 and separable bottom member 33 is poured metal material M in the liquid. Auxiliary cooling device 37 is capable of cooling than the hollow member 31 to the bottom member 33. .FIELD 1


The nonsimilar velocity distribution in a two‐dimensional laminar boundary layer with uniform external stream and with either uniform suction or injection is obtained by a series expansion in terms of a mass transfer parameter. The results are compared with more accurate analysis and shown to be in good agreement for a range of values of this parameter. The solution for the velocity distribution is then employed for the calculation of the distributions of energy and element mass fraction when there are imposed requirements for energy and mass balance at the exposed surface of a porous plate with uniform injection. As one example of several possible applications of these solutions, there is computed the flow associated with the injection of hydrogen into an air stream according to the flame sheet model.


This research aims to study significant structural damages resulted by drinking contaminated ground water taken from HAIL area. Also, it aims to study the scientific miracles in characteristics of the Hordeume vulgare usage test for treating these structural damages upon mixing with Zizyphus jujube. The experiment was conducted on white male rats, which were divided into groups; First Group: Control Animals, consisting of 42 rats. The Second Group: consisting of 42 rats that were raised on drinking of the groundwater taken from Eastern BAGAA at HAIL Area for the duration of sixty (60) days. The Third Group: consisting of 42 rats that were raised the same as the second group, and a daily limited dose of the Hordeume vulgare and Zizyphus jujube mixture orally for sixty (60) days. autopsy was conducted on the test subjects after ten (10), thirty (30) and sixty (60) days of treatment. Biopsies of Kidney were also extracted and prepared for examination by the Electronic Microscope. The results were as follows: micro structural changes appeared in rats of the second group, and was represented in disorders in the structural organization of Glomerulis, for instance like; atrophy, inflation, and merge of glomeruli and fragmentation of capillaries, and dilation of urinary void. Changes also appeared in the proximal convoluted tubules level, and included hemophilia, expansion & bending of the basement membrane of proximal convoluted tubules as it fills with liquids. Where, the micro examination revealed that glomerulis are consisting of internal corrupted Epithelial Cells, that deposit red blood cells within the capillaries cavities, deformation of podocytes , cohesion of process, decomposition of some lining cells of nearby capillaries and differing of nucleus formation and rush of some into the cavity with brush border, and increase of the basement membrane's folds. In addition to deformation of the basement membrane in the distal convoluted tubules. The structural exam of the third group's rats' kidney biopsy revealed healthiness of cells and regaining of pattern structure. As it became similar to its peers in the controlled first group, as we notice decrease of the structural decomposition and regain of the regular structure of glomerulis and disappearance of hemorrhage areas in the interstitial tissue. Proximal convoluted tubules also regained its semi normal feature. Also, the effective influence of using the Hordeume vulgare and Zizyphus jujube mixture in reduction of severity of structural damages in distal tubules, as the hydrous decomposition in it. Also, in recovery of most lining cells of pyramids for its' pattern structure, as it contained ordinary depositions free cavities. Micro-examination results revealed the advantage of using wheat and grapes mixture in recovery of the kidney's normal structure, as the pyramids has shown its regular feature and basement membrane of the proximal tubules has been organized. Moreover, the internal lining epithelial cells of capillaries and mesangial cells has regained its normal feature, as the convoluted tubule has regained its regular structure, where wall cells appeared good and with constant edges in a depositions free cavity. The results confirmed the positive advantage of the Hordeume vulgare and Zizyphus jujube mixture and possibility of using it in order to avoid disadvantages of contaminated groundwater.


In this letter, we study the angle coverage problem in wireless sensor networks. We consider the situation that the target is very large, such as a building or a lake, and each sensor can only monitor a portion of its perimeter. We study the Minimum Cover problem to identify a minimum set of sensors which ensure that the target's perimeter is completely covered by the sensors. A distributed solution with a small overhead is developed and evaluated through simulations.


The thesis reports new developments in the area of database support for proteomics experiments. We have developed a proposal for a data standard that will facilitate sharing and archival of data. We have also developed a database implementing the standard, which is a prototype of a public repository capable of storing large volumes of data. Our technology allows for the integration of results from both microarrays and proteomics. The database has been evaluated in the context of two investigations performed by collaborating biologists. We have demonstrated that our technology enables the discovery of new results by facilitating complex queries and providing novel visualisations of experimental data.


Plastic materials are used for fuel tanks for automobiles because they are lightweight and highly durable and help these tanks ensure a capacity. However, plastic fuel tanks have the disadvantage of easily allowing the fuel to permeate through. To solve this problem, HOPE is used nowadays as the main material, and fuel tanks using EVOH for a barrier material and formed by multi-layer blowing are installed in the majority of automobiles conforming to the Tier 1 regulations set by EPA and the LEV I regulations set by CARB. In view of EPA's Tier 2 regulations and CARB's LEV II regulations, both of which will be launched in the near future, plastic fuel tanks with a lower level of fuel vapor permeability (hereinafter referred to as "permeability") are desired. We thus developed a plastic fuel tank that is much lower than conventional plastic fuel tanks in permeability. This low-permeation plastic fuel tank may easily conform to the Tier 2 and LEV II regulations. This paper outlines the main low permeation technologies for the plastic fuel tank we developed, and describes, among them, a low permeation technology for joints.


Considering thermohydrodynamic instabilities in the design of cooling systems has become a trend, which has led to the evolution of thermal management. However, such instabilities, which cause flow perturbations, are difficult to explain by using physical theories. The aim of this study was to use a parameter-based modeling technique, namely the response surface methodology (RSM), to characterize the dynamics of multiloop heat pipes (MLHPs) under various heat loads. The RSM, which is based on statistics, was used to determine the relationship between the design parameters and thermal responses of MLHPs, which are represented using polynomials. Th aim of our RSMmodeling was to explore the condensation process in MLHPs. Through this exploration, the optimal heating load condition was determined for MLHPs. In the operation range of 10e110 W, MLHPs exhibited high performance at a charge ratio of 31.1%e44.2% and poor performance at a charge ratio from 71% to 84%. The RSM can be used to find solutions to avoid the failure of chaotic cooling devices.


In this paper we investigated the risk model for a potential claims,in which the customer's potential claims are upper-tailed independent heavy-tailed random variables with common distribution,but different insurance policy holders are allowed to have different probabilities to make actual claims,under the condition that the claim size belongs to class L∪D,an asymptotical equality expression of the finite-time ruin probability is obtained.


An attempt is made to illustrate the continuous change that occurs in the solidification behavior of undercooled melts, as cooling rates increase from 0.0001 K/sec to about 1000 K/sec. At the higher cooling rates, more significant changes occur as the dendrite tip temperature begins to drop from the equilibrium liquidus. Discontinuous solidification behavior changes will occur if absolute stability is reached, or a metastable phase forms, or solidification proceeds to a glass rather than to a crystalline solid, or if there is significant undercooling prior to nucleation.


Dear Editor With the rapid social and economic development of economy and the elevation of quality of life, cosmetic surgeries have gradually gained popularity in the general population in China. Many people received laser surgery to improve their skin problems. However, the thermal effects of laser may lead to complications such as erythema, edema, crusting, burning, pain, itching, pigmentation, and even scar formation. We conducted a split-face, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel commercial nonsteroidal cream and a hospital-made control emollient for improvement of wound healing after fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser resurfacing. Women aged 25 to 50 years who underwent ablative fractional CO2 laser resurfacing on both sides of the face were recruited between October 2018 and December 2018. All participants underwent the operation by the same experienced dermatologist. We used the following parameters in CO2RE fractional laser treatment: wavelength of 10 600 nm, deep mode, energy density of 50 to 70 mJ (according to different skin types), spot density of 5%, interval time of 0.5 second, single round. Ice compress was applied for 5 minutes after operation. The participants used topical Cicaplast Baume B5 cream (B5 cream, La Roche-Posay, L'Oreal China) on one side of their faces and a hospital-made emollient on the other side once a day for 28 days. Both creams had the white opaque creamy texture. The participants were asked to avoid sun exposure. The trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema index (EI), and melanin index (MI) were measured by a skin tester (MPA9, CK Company, German). The pain and burning sensation were assessed by visual analog scale. The age of participants were 30.2 ± 4.7 years (25-49 years). Thirty-six participants had atrophic acne scars and seven had dilated pores. Forty participants were Fitzpatrick skin type III and three were type IV. The decrustation time was 5.1 ± 2.1 days on the side treated with Cicaplast Baume B5 cream, compared with 6.1 ± 2.9 days on the control emollient-treated side (P < .001). The side effects of erythema and edema (0 = none; 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; and 3 = severe) were improved with time. On day 3, the improvement of erythema and edema were more significant on the B5 cream-treated side than the other side (P < .05, respectively). On day 7, the TEWL was lower on the B5 cream-treated side than the other side (P = .003). On days 3 and 7, the EI were both lower on the B5 cream-treated side than the other side (P < .001, respectively). MI was comparable between two treatments. The pain and burning sensation were improved with time (Figure 1). No serious adverse events (SAEs) were found. A transient pigmentation was observed on both sides in two patients and was subsided spontaneously after 2 months. Cicaplast Baume B5 cream contains madecassoside, 5% panthenol, copper, zinc, and manganese, which can accelerate healing of tiny wounds. This study showed that the study cream (B5 cream) can rapidly improve laser treatment-related tiny wound healing with mild and transient side-effects. These results were similar to the study by Lueangarun and colleagues, in which Cicaplast Baume B5 cream was compared with 0.02% triamcinolone acetonide. We used steroid-free emollient as control because steroids creams are rarely used after facial surgery in China. In conclusion, application of Cicaplast Baume B5 after laser resurfacing is effective and safe.


Scientific communication is described as process of scientific text activity. The author gives a characteristic of a scientific journal discourse and its main components, as well as defines the types of scientific communication. It is inferred that the main information function in subject domain is carried out by terms.


Aiming at the phenomenon that bat algorithm has slow convergence and low precision,an improved bat algorithm based on Levy flights trajectory is proposed. The proposed algorithm is characterized by quick convergence and high precision,and it can effectively jump out of local optimum. By means of 12typical test functions simulation,the results show that the algorithm is effective and feasible. Moreover,the algorithm also has excellent approximation performance in solving an optimization problem with high-dimensional space.


Background Genetic locus were identified associated with ARDS outcome. Our goal was to explore the associations between genetic variants and outcome of ARDS, and the prognostic values of nucleotide polymorphism in ARDS.Methods This was a single-center, prospective trial enrolling adult ARDS patients. After baseline data were collected, blood samples were drawn to perform whole exome sequencing, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) / insertion-deletion to explore the quantitative and functional associations between genetic variants and ICU outcome. Then the lung injury burden (LIB), which was defined as the ratio of nonsynonymous SNP number per megabase of DNA, was used to evaluate its value in predicting outcome of ARDS. Results A total of 105 ARDS patients were enrolled in the study, including 70 survivors and 35 nonsurvivors. Based on the analysis of a total of 65542 nonsynonymous SNP, LIB in survivors was significantly higher than nonsurvivors [1892 (1848 - 1942) /MB versus 1864 (1829 - 1910) /MB, p = 0.018], while GO analysis showed that 60 functions were correlated with ARDS outcome, KEGG enrichment analysis showed that SNP/InDels were enriched in 13 pathways. Several new SNPs were found potentially associated with ARDS outcome. Analysis of LIB was used to determine its outcome predicting ability, the area under the ROC curve of which was only 0.6103, and increase to 0.712 when combined with APACHE II score. Conclusions Genetic variants are associated with ARDS outcome; however, their prognostic value still need to be verified by larger trials.Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02644798. Registered 20 April 2015.


A programme of radiocarbon dating aims to correlate the onset of millet cultivation in northern Germany with cultural and technological changes during the Bronze Age.


The zero locus of a bivariate polynomial $P(x,y)=0$ defines a compact Riemann surface $\Sigma$. The fundamental second kind differential is a symmetric $1\otimes 1$ form on $\Sigma\times \Sigma$ that has a double pole at coinciding points and no other pole. As its name indicates, this is one of the most important geometric objects on a Riemann surface. Here we give a rational expression in terms of combinatorics of the Newton's polygon of $P$, involving only integer combinations of products of coefficients of $P$. Since the expression uses only combinatorics, the coefficients are in the same field as the coefficients of $P$.


Robert A. Karayev - Professor, Head of Ecosystems Modeling Laboratory, Institute of Control Systems of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Address: 9, B. Vahabzade Street, Baku, AZ1141, AzerbaijanE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com N. Mikailova - Associate Professor, PhD in Economics, Azerbaijan State University of EconomicsAddress: 6, Istiqlaliyat Street, Baku, AZ1001, AzerbaijanE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com I. Safarly - PhD in Economics, Business Development Manager, OIL SUPPLY LLCAddress: 156, Batamdar Highway, Baku, AZ1006, AzerbaijanE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Y. Sadikhova - Researcher, Institute of Control Systems of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Address: 9, B. Vahabzade Street, Baku, AZ1141, AzerbaijanE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com F. Imamverdiyeva - Software Engineer, Institute of Control Systems of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Address: 9, B. Vahabzade Street, Baku, AZ1141, AzerbaijanE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com The article discusses the difficulties of long-term dynamic analysis of business strategies of enterprises in present-day complex and unstable economic conditions. We discuss the possibility of solving the problem by means of cognitive modeling, which has opened a new page in the management of complex systems and complex problem situations. We note the phenomenological features of complex systems and complex problem situations that exclude the possibility of their modeling using traditional economic and mathematical methods. Such features are: multifactority, dynamism, uncertainty, the high role of the mentality of the developers of the strategy and the persons making strategic decisions. The urgency of the question of ensuring the reliability of cognitive models, a significant place in which is occupied by heuristic components, is emphasized. Formalization of the latter encounters numerous difficulties ("traps") that arise at all stages of designing cognitive models - the stages of identification, conceptualization, formalization and testing, which constitute the specifics of the development of all knowledge-based support technologies. Existing methods and models from relevant areas that can be useful for overcoming these difficulties are considered (strategic analysis, strategic planning, scenario analysis, scenario planning, SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, SMART technology, methods of knowledge identification, methods of psycho semantics and non-metric multidimensional scaling, methods of expert evaluation). The article presents a demo version of cognitive tools for dynamic analysis of strategies (cognitive map of strategy and cognitive map analysis methods), based on the ideology of cognitive modeling. Consideration is given to the application possibilities of cognitive tools in the analysis of strategies in the context of possible dynamics of the internal and external environment of the enterprise. An example of the use of cognitive tools is given.This work was supported by the Foundation for Science Development under the President of the Azerbaijan Republic (grant No. EIF-KETPL-2-2015-1(25)-56/14/1)


The process of globalization has stimulated the demand for logistics services at a level of speed and increased efficiency, which involves using of techniques, tools, technologies and modern models in supply chain management. The aim of this research paper is to present a model that can be used in order to achieve an optimized supply chain, associated with minimum transportation costs. The utilization of spatial modeling for determining the optimal locations for logistics centers in a predefined economic area is proposd in this paper. The principal methods used to design the model are mathematic optimization and linear programming. The output data of the model are the precise placement of one up to ten logistics centers, in terms of minimum operational costs for delivery from the optimum locations to consumer points. The results of the research indicate that by using the proposed model, an efficient supply chain that is consistent with optimization of transport can be designed, in order to streamline the delivery process and thus reduce operational costs


With the expansion of the overseas students in China, the psychological health education has been paid more and more attention. For the weak ability of conflicts management, prominent communi-cation barrier and inveterate cultural difference, a preliminary study of convergence education of psycholog-ical health for overseas students is conducted in the perspective of positive psychology by building students' positive emotional experiences, cultivating students' positive qualities, as well as optimizing ideological edu-cation environment, around the theme as well as the virtues underlined in the theory of positive psychology on the basis of the convergence experiences of Chongqing Medical University.

Key words:
Positive psychology; Overseas students; Convergence education


This paper is concerned with the application of FoxPro programming to mathematical proofs.With this method,we can prove that the Gedebah'guess is right and that the conclusion about the maximum possible number of edges in cycle-distributed graph of order n is better than what we have learned.


[1] The temporal evolution of the volume mixing ratio (VMR) of chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) observed with the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) is described for the Arctic late winter and early spring of 1997. The temporal development of ClONO2 on the 475-K isentropic surface during winter and spring is characterized by high variability in the VMR with seasonal enhancement to about 2 ppbv. In February, depleted values of ClONO2 were also observed; some of these low values are attributable to denitrification or to occurrence of polar stratospheric clouds. After mid-March, when ClONO2 reached peak values, ClONO2 decreased and showed much less variability. Comparison of ClONO2 with HCl observed by the Halogen Occultation Experiment/Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite (HALOE/UARS) suggests a conversion of ClONO2 into HCl earlier at high altitudes than at lower altitudes. During the period a marked enhancement in NO2 was observed with a reduction in ClONO2 in the vortex, providing the first evidence from space of the NO2 time evolution in conjunction with ClONO2. Continuous measurements of ClONO2 through winter and spring over the Arctic are limited to date. The ILAS measurements reported in this paper will be useful for reanalyzing the seasonal variation of chlorine activation/deactivation processes in the Arctic lower stratosphere that control the degree of ozone destruction.


Scientific evidences for climate change have been assembled by two main agencies viz., the IPCC
(Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change and the UN FCCC – United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change) based on investigations carried out by a large number of researchers from all over the
world. This heightened activity has resulted in the development of a new branch of science called climate
change science. Following is a brief account of the major evidences reported by scientists to reveal the
existence of climate change. As with any new branch of science, sceptics about climate change also abound,
but these groups are being pushed into a corner by the increasing evidences.


We have been focusing on orthorhombic semiconductor, BaSi2 as a potential material for solar cells. BaSi2 is comprised of harmless and abundant elements in nature. The value of optical absorption coefficient α is 3×10 cm at 1.5 eV, which is approximately 30 times larger than that of monocrystalline silicon [1]. In addition, the value of the band gap is approximately 1.3 eV, which matches the solar spectrum better than crystalline silicon [1]. Furthermore, BaSi2 can be grown epitaxially on Si(111) [2]. Its application to multijunction solar cells of which efficiency occupies the lead among various kinds of photovoltaics is considered for an advanced step. For these reasons, band gap widening to 1.85 eV is a prerequisite since the highest efficiency of double-junction solar cell is expected to be obtained in the case that it consists of top junction with the value of band gap and silicon bottom junction (Eg=1.1 eV) [3]. According to Ref. [4], the band gap expansion is expected in Ba(Si,C)2. This study, thus, aims to fabricate Ba(Si,C)2 films on Si(111) substrate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and to clarify carbon composition dependence of band gap.


Operational risk is defined as the possibility of incurring losses resulting from the failure, deficiency or inadequacy of internal processes, people and systems or from external events. In practice, the most important source of operational risk is when an authorised employee becomes a rogue trader, making unfair and usually unauthorised trades. The main purpose of this paper is to compile and analyse case studies of selected financial disasters caused by unauthorised transactions. The structure of the paper is thus built on the analysis of the individual cases: Daiwa, Sumitomo, Orange County, Allied Irish Bank, Amaranth Advisors, and Societe Generale. Each case is presented following the same scheme: historical background, rogue trader strategy, conclusions. I summarise the most important causes of financial disaster and suggest guidelines for preventing similar situations in the future.


The poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834) frequently wrote on the subject of dreams and dreaming. He was a vivid and prolific dreamer who carefully recorded, analysed and discussed the distinct features, possible causes and meanings of his dreams. He turned to a wide range of British, German and French writers, discussing the subject with friends who were poets, scientists, doctors and philosophers; he read both contemporary and ancient dream writers; and he gave a lecture (in March 1818) on the related topics of dreams, witchcraft and mesmerism. He also planned to write ah 'entire work' on the subject but never arranged his copious fragmentary writings into one volume. Some of his major thoughts on dreams are


Twenty-two years ago, adaptive munitions using piezoelectric actuators were conceived. The Barrel-Launched Adaptive Munition (BLAM) program used piezoelectric elements to articulate a 10 deg. half-angle conical section on the nose of a 73 mm caliber supersonic wind tunnel model. The test article was designed to pivot the forward portion of the round about the aerodynamic center (which was collocated with the forward section center of gravity). While effective in trim articulation, the majority of actuator power was expended resisting nose inertia rather than manipulating air loads. Adaptive actuators for guided munitions have progressed greatly since that time. In 2001, major advances canard articulation for guided bullets were achieved. These were followed by the Shipborne Countermeasure Range-Extended Adaptive Munition (SCREAM) program. While the piezoelectric effectors designed for these historic programs would allow for respectable deflections, the invention of post-buckled piezoelectric (PBP) actuation would dramatically boost total deflection levels while maintaining full blocked force capabilities. These PBP actuators would be used in a variety of flight control mechanisms for different classes of UAVs. In addition to these applications, the high bandwidth of piezoelectric actuators are particularly well suited to guided munitions. This paper describes the structural mechanics and dynamics of the PBP-class actuator as integrated in guided munitions. As a critical element in ultra-high bandwidth flight control actuation, PBP actuators have been shown to possess pseudo-corner frequencies in excess of 1 kHz. Additionally, PBP actuators have been integrated into tight packing volumes in guided cannon shells while demonstrating setback acceleration tolerances of tens of thousands of g's. Previous work illustrates several different actuation configurations as well as integration methods with canards and fins. This study links the structural mechanics of previous authors with aeromechanics to arrive at performance predictions in aerial combat. The paper lays out a guided aerial round based on the PBP concept, then uses circular error probable (CEP) predictions in a standard atmosphere quantify the required deflections for engagement of a variety of targets. The results show one order of magnitude fewer rounds being expended per kill in direct air-to-air engagements with peer aircraft. The paper shows that PBP-class actuators could be used for defensive engagements as well with the engagement of oncoming hostile missiles. The paper concludes with prediction of engagement improvements for modern aircraft like the F-35 with 25 mm rounds as well as aircraft like the F-15 with 20 mm guided ammunition.


Information System (IS) flexibility has been regarded as an important indicator of information technology success. This article provides a model of IS flexibility encompassing all stages of IS implementation and usage. The model considers the cognitive factors from IS staff and users as important leveraging IS flexibility with adaptation activities. A review of constructs extending from the interpretive flexibility perspective in the literature is used to identify these cognitive factors. By hypothesizing the relationships among these cognitive factors, IS flexibility, and adaptation activities several propositions are identified. Empirical testing is then warranted to refute or validate the propositions.


To ensure its operational security, it is important to study the vibration state of transmission line. The equivalent viscous damping of aero-vibration for a large-span overhead conductor is obligated to be determined. In this paper, the damping characteristics of conductor by AACSR-400 steel core aluminum alloy wire are studied by use of energy balance principle. Based on the Diana wind energy curve and equivalent viscous damping, the relationship between frequency and damping ratio is conducted and discussed. Furthermore, a numerical simulation by ANSYS is performed to verify the validity of the equivalent damping coefficient and equivalent damping ratio with the same material parameters. Study shows that the result of finite element method by ANSYS is consistent well with that by energy balance principle.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: liver is resected in an animal experimentally. A pharmacological protection is presented by Mexicor and Serotonine Adipinate. On the operation day, 5% Mexicor is used in the form of intravenous slow stream introductions twice - 35 minutes before the operation in a dose of 5 mg/kg of weight and 11 hours after the first introduction in a dose of 7 mg/kg of weight. Serotonine Adipinate dissolved in 5 ml of isotonic solution NaCl is used in the form of intravenous slow stream introductions three times - 1 hour before the operation in a dose of 0.15 mg/kg of weight, 2 hours after the first introduction in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg of weight, 10 hours after the first introduction in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg of weight. During the postoperative period, Mexicor and Serotonine Adipinate are introduced for 8 days. Mexicor is introduced three times a day at 9 o'clock in a dose of 2.5 mg/kg of weight, at 15 o'clock in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg of weight, at 21 o'clock in a dose of 6 mg/kg of weight. Serotonine Adipinate is introduced twice a day - at 8 o'clock in a dose of 0.15 mg/kg of weight, at 17 o'clock in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg of weight. EFFECT: method provides prolonging a period of safe hepatic exsanguination, ensures treating and preventing ischemic and reperfusion injuries of hepatic tissues and microcirculatory bloodstream, promotes preventing major bleedings accompanying hepatic operations. 3 ex, 3 tbl, 3 dwg


There are significant problems in the supply of housing in Australia yet very little attention has been paid to the housing construction supply chain. To date the housing supply debate has been largely focussed on housing demand, affordability and land supply. It is contended that one of the key causal factors of poor housing supply is the poor coordination between supply chain actors. The development of integrated supply delivery solutions have not been extensively recognised in the Australian residential sector. Ad hoc examples and applications by some major building companies has seen some limited success, however, this has not been diffused throughout the sector with little real impact on overall sector performance and individual company competitiveness. Whole-scale industry improvement requires a concerted effort to undertake a stepwise change. A key to the solution is to investigate successful examples of integrated supply chains which have resulted in productivity and/or innovation performance improvements. The aim of this research is to undertake a case study analysis of successful implementation of delivering an innovation to the Australian housing construction industry which required an integrated construction supply chain model. The paper describes the theoretical background to the study and the preliminary results of the case study.


9068 Background: One of the most important risk factor for melanoma is the number of acquired nevi in childhood. For a few years, the responsibility of neonatal blue-light phototherapy, a very effe...


hirty-six of unsexed Rex rabbits breed aged 5-6 weeks and average weight 687.25±2.75g were randomly assigned into four groups, (9 rabbits in each) in 3 replicates. The aim of this study to investigate the impact of inclusion caraway seeds sieving (CSS) in rabbit diets on their productive and carcass characteristics. The experimental group rabbits were classified as the following: first group was fed basal diet that contained zero level caraway seeds sieving (CSS) and served as control group (R1), second group was fed diet contained 2% CSS, third group was fed diet contained 4% CSS and fourth group was fed diet contained 6% CSS. The results cleared that the experimental diets were isonitrogenous but differed in energy content. Crude protein ranged from 20.35% to 20.88%, while the values of gross energy (GE) ranged from 4190 to 4308 kcal/ kg DM; meanwhile digestible energy (DE) contents varied from 2090 to 2367 kcal/ kg DM. Animals were slaughtered after 56 days of feeding. Inclusion of CSS significantly increased (P<0.05) dressing percentages, meanwhile, it had not significantly (P>0.05) affected on content of digestive tract presented as (full, empty and content). Incorporated CSS in the experimental diets significant increase carcass weight (CW1) by (30.31%, 50.62% and 32.66%); carcass weight (CW2) by (29.06%, 49.41% and 31.79%) and carcass weight (CW3) by (25.46%, 21.20% and 6.97%,) for (R2, R3 and R4), respectively comparing with the control (R1). The best results of carcass were recorded with rabbits fed R3 that contained 4% CSS. The best result of dressing percentages was observed with rabbits received (R3). Total external offal's weight was affected by dietary diets by 16.50%,31.37 % and 25.39%, for groups R2, R3 and R4, respectively in comparison with the control group. Internal offal's (giblets) weights includes (liver, heart, kidneys, testes, spleen and lungs) and total giblet weight was not affected by incorporated CSS in rabbit diets. Carcass cuts weight includes (fore, middle and hind parts) were improved with rabbits fed R3. Also, physical and chemical analysis of ribs (9, 10 and 11) was significantly affected. From the results obtained it can be mentioned that incorporation caraway seeds sieving (CSS) in rabbit diets up to 4% could improve their dressing percentages and carcass characteristics without occurred any adverse effect on the other carcass parameters.