Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disorder presenting with myriad of neurological manifestations. We describe a
case of a 22-year-old male presenting with bilateral lower motor neuron (LMN) facial nerve palsy with quadriparesis in a case of post Covisheild
vaccination. T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging of brain revealed non-enhancing multifocal altered hyperintensity lesions, suggestive of
ADEM. He was treated with methyl prednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, following which patient's clinical symptoms resolved. To
conclude with, ADEM should be included in the differential in a patient presenting with bilateral LMN facial nerve palsy and upper motor neuron
quadriparesis following COVID 19 vaccination.


Based on ontology theory and its knowledge presentation methods,the machining process knowledge is described.The process to construct the machining process knowledge ontology is presented.Also,an ontology-based machining process knowledge management system's structure is stated.


Study Design. Case report. Objectives. We report a rare case of piriformis syndrome accompanying anatomic variation in the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve. Summary of Background Data. Beaton classified anatomic variation in the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve into 6 types based on cadaver studies. There has been no report in the English literature of surgical treatment for a case of piriformis syndrome accompanying Beaton type d anatomic variation. Methods. A patient with sciatica showing no nerve root compression in lumbar MRI underwent pelvic MRI and perineurography of the sciatic nerve followed by CT. The findings in these images suggested piriformis syndrome accompanying anatomic variation of the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve. Surgical treatment was performed. Results. Surgical exploration of the piriformis muscle revealed Beaton type d anatomic variation. Both anterior and posterior lobes of the piriformis muscle were resected. The pain in the leg had completely disappeared after surgery. Conclusions. This is a very rare case of surgically treated piriformis syndrome resulting from type d anatomic variation in Beaton's classification. Pelvic MRI and perineurography of the sciatic nerve were useful for diagnosis in this case.


Two unrelated boys with typical clinical and biochemical features of GSD Type I had increased glycogen in liver but normal glucose-6-phosphatase activity (assayed after freezing). Both had chronic neutropenia from infancy, gingivitis and lesions of tongue, oral and anal mucosa. Their mean ± SEM blood neutrophil counts were 288 ± 94 and 494 ± 113 cells/mm3. Aside from splenomegaly, there was no evidence of hyper-splenism and investigation of other causes of neutropenia was negative. Their bone marrows showed mild granulocytic hyperplasia with no maturation arrest. In one patient tested, the blood neutrophil count rose after subcutaneous glucagon and intravenous hydro-cortisone administration. Studies of immunologic competence gave normal results. Treatment with nocturnal glucose alimentation increased the childrens' growth rates but had no effect on the neutropenia. Conclusions: 1) Chronic neutropenia is associated with GSD Type Ib. 2) The neutropenia is probably not due to an arrest in granulocyte maturation. 3) The hepatic deficiency in Type Ib (Glu-6-P translocase) may also involve the neutrophil.


The skin of mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) is a novel source of marine bioactive collagen hydrolysate that has the potential to improve skin health. Collagen hydrolysate represent the major constituent in cosmetic industry because of its excellent moisturizing properties and multiple health benefits. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of mackerel collagen hydrolysate (mackerel CH) as a component of cosmetic gel preparations by examining the gel's physical and chemical properties which include viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness, gel strength, gel texture, pH, and organoleptic. Evaluation of physicochemical properties is necessary to ensure that the quality and safety of the gel preparation meets the intended specifications. The formulation of the mackerel CH resulted in a gel with higher viscosity and spreadability compared to the standard national guideline (SNI). The gel exhibited favorable adhesiveness and pH levels, indicating its potential to efficiently deliver active substances to the skin without causing any irritation. The results indicated that the gel had a soft consistency in terms of gel strength and texture. Organoleptic assessment described the gel as having a clear, yellowish appearance with a subtle fishy aroma. Future studies should focus on further optimizing the formulation. Additionally, it is recommended to assess the efficacy of this gel in addressing medication-related issues using an animal model


The quality of public policy design in Africa has experienced a marked improvement over the last decade with countries' development and adoption of poverty reduction strategy papers and strategic development guidelines. However, despite improvements in strategies and public policies, the results achieved in terms of development are not yet satisfactory because the implementation of public programmes still suffers from significant shortfalls. Reduced development assistance and the scarcity of national resources challenge managers and governments to achieve quality in implementing poverty reduction policies. These challenges can be addressed by developing and implementing national evaluation systems to increase government accountability and efficiencies in service delivery. Several stakes are linked to the dynamics involved in developing national evaluation policies. The most significant are the need to make evaluations useful and to instil a culture and standards that will lead to a sustainable national system of evaluation. Evaluation processes are not always properly used or, at best, are not used to full potential. It is therefore important to evaluate the use of evaluations as they are applied by countries and organizations. This working document presents the experience of Benin over the past few years. It outlines the efforts the Government of Benin has made to create a national evaluation system in order to disseminate good practices and implement an effective mechanism for monitoring and evaluating the Growth Strategy for Poverty Reduction (SCRP).


This paper is devoted to the
study of the two-dimensional flow of a Johnson-Segalman fluid in
a planar channel having walls that are transversely displaced by
an infinite, harmonic travelling wave of large wavelength. Both
analytical and numerical solutions are presented. The analysis
for the analytical solution is carried
 out for small Weissenberg
numbers. (A Weissenberg number is the ratio of the relaxation
time of the fluid to a characteristic time associated with the
flow.) Analytical solutions have been obtained for the stream
function from which the relations of the velocity and
the longitudinal pressure gradient have been derived. The
expression of the pressure rise over a wavelength has
also been determined. Numerical computations are performed and
compared to the perturbation analysis. Several limiting
situations with their implications can be examined from the
presented analysis.


A silicified wood found in place in basal beds of the Beauce millstone formation (Tertiary) near Neauphle-le-Chateau, Seine-et-Oise, France, is identical with Cupressionoxylon huripense. Owing to the much better state of preservation, it has been possible to work out the characteristics and affinities (Sequoia) of this specimen with much greater precision than those of the type specimen. The wood is assigned to the genus Taxodioxylon (T. huripense nov. comb.).


An investment model of Florida oranges was used to evaluate various management strategies for controlling Huanglongbing, or citrus greening, a highly destructive disease. This analysis will enable the Florida citrus industry to make more informed decisions about the economic tradeoffs among current citrus greening management alternatives.


The adsorption of the neutral but dipolar (zwitterionic) surfactants, dodecyldimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide and diheptanoic-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine to the silicon nitride/water interface has been studied via contact angle measurements. Adsorption is highest in the pH range where the Si3N4 surface is also electrically neutral, but dipolar. The adsorption decreases sharply above the isoelectric point of Si3N4, when the surface is negatively charged, and is more complex below the isoelectric point, when the surface charge is positive. Qualitatively similar results were obtained with alumina (Al2O3) surfaces. The results indicate the importance of discrete or individual charge−charge interactions, rather than the net or smeared-out surface charge interaction in driving the binding of zwitterionic surfactants to amphoteric surfaces that carry both positive and negative charges.


Prostacyclin synthase (500 aa, ~57 kDa) is encoded by the human PTGIS gene. This protein plays a role in the mediation of prostaglandin biosynthesis.


Internet of Things (IoT) techniques have been employed in many areas, e.g., vehicles, smart home, and medicine. Among the applications of IoTs, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is one of the most popular techniques. IoVs are protected by public key cryptographic systems, such as RSA and ECC. However, such systems are vulnerable to quantum computer attacks. Thus, we improve the security of IoV-based post-quantum signatures, which can resist quantum computer attacks. The key operations are divisions in a finite field. Hence, we improve the security of IoV-based post-quantum signatures with division by employing systolic architectures. We propose a systolic architecture for computing division in composite fields. After that, we improve the IoT security-based post-quantum signatures with systolic divisions. We test and verify our design on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA); the experimental results confirm our estimates. Furthermore, the optimized method proposed can be further applied to various applications like solving system of linear equations and cryptographic applications for IoT security.


The importance of context in shaping evaluation practice is broadly accepted. Still, there is much to be learned about context, and we remain at the early stages of this process. In this chapter, we describe a framework for organizing and focusing ideas for conducting research on evaluation context. We hope that this tool will be a source of inspiration for future studies of context, thus contributing to a deeper and higher quality evaluation knowledge base.


A static wormhole solution for gravity in vacuum is found for odd dimensions greater than four. In five dimensions the gravitational theory considered is described by the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet action where the coupling of the quadratic term is fixed in terms of the cosmological constant. In higher dimensions $d=2n+1$, the theory corresponds to a particular case of the Lovelock action containing higher powers of the curvature, so that in general, it can be written as a Chern-Simons form for the AdS group. The wormhole connects two asymptotically locally AdS spacetimes each with a geometry at the boundary locally given by $\mathbb{R}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{S}^{1}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{H}_{d\ensuremath{-}3}$. Gravity pulls towards a fixed hypersurface located at some arbitrary proper distance parallel to the neck. The causal structure shows that both asymptotic regions are connected by light signals in a finite time. The Euclidean continuation of the wormhole is smooth independently of the Euclidean time period, and it can be seen as instanton with vanishing Euclidean action. The mass can also be obtained from a surface integral and it is shown to vanish.


Background/Objectives To examine associations of different anthropometric measurements of central adiposity to visceral adipose tissue (measured via multi-axial magnetic resonance imaging; MRI) and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in men with spinal cord injury (SCI). Additionally, to determine population-specific seated/supine waist and abdominal circumference cutoffs, which may identify men at increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. Participants/Methods Twenty-two men with chronic SCI underwent MRI scans, anthropometric measurements along with assessments of various cardiometabolic risk biomarkers. Pearson/part (accounting for age as a covariate) correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the associations between study variables. Abdominal and waist circumference cutoffs were extrapolated using the slope of linear regression equations. Results Seated/supine abdominal and waist circumferences were (P < 0.01) associated with MRI visceral fat cross-sectional area (VATCSA), VAT volume and CSA:TotalCSA. Low density lipoprotein, non-high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol were positively associated with seated/supine abdominal and waist circumferences after controlling for age; r = 0.50–0.61, r = 0.46–0.58, r = 0.52–0.58, P < 0.05, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor alpha was associated with seated/supine abdominal and waist circumferences after accounting for age; r = 0.49–0.51 and r = 0.48–0.56, P < 0.05 respectively. The population-specific cutoffs were 86.5cm and 88.3cm for supine waist and abdominal circumferences, respectively, as well as 89cm and 101cm for seated waist and abdominal circumferences, respectively. After dichotomizing VATCSA (< or ≥ 100cm2), peak oxygen uptake, triglycerides, insulin sensitivity and glycated hemoglobin were different (P < 0.05) between groups. After dichotomizing (< or ≥ 86.5cm) supine waist circumference, VATCSA, triglycerides and insulin sensitivity were different (P < 0.05) between groups. Conclusions Seated/supine circumferences are associated with both central adiposity and biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease risk in persons with SCI. Population-specific cutoffs are proposed herein to identify central adiposity and potential cardiometabolic disease risk after SCI.


The utility model relates to an automatic reset collision-proof alarm post. The utility model comprises an installing foot and a post body which are fixed to a road bed, a pair of hemispherical joints which can rotate correspondingly is arranged between the installing foot and the post body, and the hemispherical joints are respectively fixed with the installing foot and the post body; a plunger, a wire rope and a spring are arranged in the post body, and the wire rope and the spring are fixed between the plunger and the hemispherical joints; thereby, an isolating alarm post is formed. A plurality of sections of chains are arranged between the post bodies, the chains are connected with each other by an automatic dislocating mechanism, and a protection device of the contiguous post bodies is arranged between the chains; thereby, the other isolating alarm post is formed. The utility model has the advantages that the automatic reset function is realized, the collision-proof function is realized, the small breakage occurs when the vehicle collision happens, and the convenient maintenance is realized. The utility model is a relatively ideal isolating alarm device for the safe driving of the present vehicle.


In this paper,based on error analysis,60 non-English majors from the Scholol of Civil Engineering,Wuhan Univeristy of Science and Technology,Zhongnan Branch are tested to find the problems exsited in their acqusition of pronunciation.Effective counter measures are explored to improve thier pronunciation and intonantion after the test.


OBJECTIVE: This study reviews our experience with the use of nitric oxide inhalation (NOi) in the treatment of the refractory pulmonary hypertensive crisis (PHC) during the immediate post-operative period (IPOP) of heart transplantation (HT). METHOD: Between Oct/97 and Feb/02, 31 HT in adults were performed. Among them were patients with Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) greater than 6 uW, or patients with PVR greater than 2,5 uW during the pharmacological test. All patients were weaned from the CPB (M=101±21 minutes) in use of dobutamine, dopamine and milrinone. In the absence of an adequate response to these drugs and with the evidence of PHC, NOi was given, beginning with 20ppm and increasing, when necessary, up to 40ppm. The recording of the left atrium and pulmonary artery pressures, serial arterial blood gases samples and trans-thoracic echocardiograms (TTE) were performed. The donor's brain death (BD) time mean was 16±5,1 hours. RESULTS: In five patients (1 female) (mean age = 42 years) NOi was employed, due to low cardiac output signs and evidence of PHC and right ventricular dysfunction. The mean CPB time was 150,8±34,3 min. The pre-NOi mean PAP was 87 mmHg (range 75-115), and the mean arterial PO2 = 60mmHg (FiO2=100%). The TTE showed moderate-severe dilation of the right ventricle. NOi was given during a mean of 35h (range 6 to 96), being weaned only after hemodynamic stability was achieved. There was only one early death, at the 17th post op. day due to sepsis. All the remaining patients are in NYHA class I. CONCLUSIONS: The prolonged CPB time (> 120 min) and the time of brain death of the donor are factors that increase the risk of PHC. The NOi is a useful tool in dealing with this complication when there is an inadequate response to the conventional treatment.


Some sixty people joined us for a two hour open-ended conversation about the study of the Ottoman Empire in North America. What follows is a brief outline of our discussion. In my own introduction, I outlined the origin of the conversation, what I saw as the deliberate lack of a fixed agenda and the multi-year commitment to the dialogue. I was asked why the choice of 'Locating' and tried to convey my sense of a lack of focus and set of definitions of what constituted the Ottoman empire, growing out of my work on comparative empires and military history. The other three principal participants were each given five or ten minutes to place themselves in the conversation, before we opened it to the floor for more generalized discussion. My comments on the subject could be summed up as the problem of definitions (or lack thereof) of the Ottoman Empire as a unit of study. Resat Kasaba expressed concern about the continued resilience of stereotypic images of the empire in the public mind, using as an example a short piece in the New Yorker that chose to use Ottoman land tenure as a particularly boring and meaningless subject. He also bemoaned the inability or unwillingness of Ottomanists to confront (or write about) ethnic conflicts of past and present (especially of the nineteenth century). Dan Goffman chose the analogy of the mature empire and theories of decentralization and decline to discuss his concern about the diffusion of the field and its individuation (my word, not his). Robert Vitalis pointed to our "crisis' mentality, advising the group to concentrate on the real problem which he viewed as the rush to fame and fortune, part of a "sociology of the professions.' We should, he noted, stick to the passion of our pursuit and ignore the clamor for status and the jockeying for position. Of course, as one might expect, we paid little attention to his acute and spirited critique.


Webshell is a web backdoor which can be used to remotely control web servers by hackers. Due to the continuous development of escaping technology, Webshell detection has become more and more difficult. Based on the analysis of evolving Webshell detection technology in recent years, we proposed Multi-classifier ensemble Model in this paper. Firstly, effective information of PHP files are extracted including static characters, grammar character and corresponding opcode; secondly, different base classifiers and modified classifier are trained and analyzed for further model, at last the ensemble model based on stacking is proposed and verified. Our dataset collected from multiple GitHub open source projects. The mothod proposed in this paper could ultimately achieve the accuracy of 98.447% and precision of 99.227%, which showed excellent performance compared with mainstream detection tools.


Batak Karo is one of the ethnic group that exists in North Sumatra. Wooden house of Batak Karo called with Siwaluh Jabu. This wooden house has a structure system of pillars on top of stone foundations. This type of foundation is able to improve the performance of the overall structure due to lateral style caused by the earthquake. This research was conducted to know the behaviour of the structure of a wooden Batak Karo home especially the restoration of wooden style joints by comparing the results of a laboratory test, numerical analysis and analysis with SAP2000. Experimental testing in the lab do the test objects as much as 3 pieces. Testing by giving a cyclic load with a capacity of 10 tons in each of the test object to damaged object. Then conduct an evaluation the behavior of the structure consist of failure modes and moment-rotational angle relationship. After the experimental test was completed, the analysis continued with validate test results with laboratory of numerical analysis. Then conducted an analysis of the power structure by using SAP2000 program to know the power of elements against the maximum tension. The analysis conducted on the overall structure of the system and the structure of mast above the foundation stone. The program was conducted with input data: the work load, etc. As the output from these programs is the element force, etc. The final results of this program are the weaknesses and advantages of structural system observed from wooden Batak Karo.


BACKGROUND AND AIM
The aim of this review was to examine the contribution of muscle weakness to postural stability in healthy older adults and to determine the relationship between muscle weakness and balance impairment.

DESIGN
A comprehensive search of electronic databases was performed from earliest record to February 2010. All study designs that contained a measure of muscle strength or muscle power and balance performance in older adults were examined. Population. Participants (>or=60 years) included healthy, community-dwelling cohorts, nursing home residents, frail, mobility- or functionally-limited adults but not persons with pathophysiological conditions or disease.

METHODS
Interventions of progressive resistance or power training to increase muscle strength/power were examined but studies that included balance or multimodal training were excluded.

RESULTS
A total of 74 papers were eligible for review; 45 with strength measures only; 5 with power measures only and 24 papers containing both strength and power outcomes. Overall, 54% (27/50) of studies reported significantly improved strength and balance measures and 73% (16/22) showed improved power and balance following resistance/power training intervention, whereas 84% and 86% of cross sectional studies observed significant associations between balance and strength/power outcomes respectively.

CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that there is some evidence for the contribution of muscle strength and muscle power to balance performance in older adults. There is, however, weak evidence for the cause and effect relationship between muscle function and balance performance. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact. Inconsistencies in the literature can be attributed to methodological limitations.


This work focuses on the problem of forecasting the energy availability of renewable sources such as solar and wind in smart grids. To solve this problem, we propose to use weather radar information to make a short-time prediction of the weather conditions in the area where the renewable sources are located. For this purpose, an object tracking method will be used to make the predictions by using as cues the reflectivity and the velocity. This paper centers in an object modeling approach based on clustering, which will be used for the tracking algorithm.


Objectives. Urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy presents different clinical features. We propose to clarify the etiology and the therapeutic approaches. Methods. 51 patients with urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy underwent urodynamics, perineal EMG, perineal EMG frequency analysis and study of computerized sensory pudendal somatosensory evoked potentials. Results. 18 patients (35%) were suffering from urinary incontinence secondary to overactive bladder, 14 patients (28%) had both an overactive bladder and a sphincter failure associated with Wallerian degenerative axonal neuropathy or segmental demyelination, 3 patients (6%) showed no significant urodynamics alterations but had signs of an incompetent sphincter neurapraxia, while 16 patients (31%) had urinary incontinence secondary to a degenerative neuropathy. Conclusions. Urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy shows an etiologic diversification and therefore requires different therapeutic approaches.


The reactions under microwave irradiation have strong amicability, quick velocity, high conversion and good selectivity. The development and characters of microwave reactors were analyzed. According to the laboratory condition, a microwave reactor was modified based on domestic microwave oven. Chemical synthesis of zinc undecenoic was carried out in it.


A new method to compute Schauder Estimates for multidimensional fourth order heat-type equations is proposed. In particular, we show how knowing Schauder or Sobolev estimates for the one-dimensional fourth order heat equation allows to derive their multidimensional analogs for equations with time inhomogeneous coefficients with the same constants as in the case of the one-dimensional heat equation. Our method relies on a merger between [37], where they actually showed the same result for the classical second order heat equation and [21], where a probabilistic construction of solutions for the fourth order heat equation is presented.


The scientific community has contributed extensively with various data, discussions, and projections on the future climate, as well as on the effects and risks of the expected climatic change (IPCC, 2014; Werner et al., 2017). Anthropogenic climate change due to CO2 and other human-generated greenhouse gases is anticipated to affect agriculture all over the world, having both positive and negative effects (e.g., impacts on food production and food security). Tea [Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze], is one of the most popular and lowest cost beverages in the world, and consumed by a wide range of age groups in all levels of society with more than three billion cups daily worldwide (Hick, 2009; Zakir,2017). The tea plant grows in a variety of climates and it is difficult to specify an ideal climate. The monsoonal climate of Northeast India with alternate wet and dry seasons and the high elevation of subtropical mountains in China, India, and Sri Lanka provide optimal conditions for tea production. Despite of the variety of climates, tea production relies on suitable temperatures and well distributed rainfall. The specific climatic niche makes the growing of tea bushes vulnerable to climate change. Thus, global warming is expected to have a significant impact on tea production and presumably will influence both the quantity and quality of tea (Dutta, 2014; Duncan,2016 and Kaye,2017). The impacts of climate change on tea production are the following: drying of the soils causing reduced water content in the tea, decreasing yields and negative impacts on quality; appearance of new pests and diseases; changes in the suitability of existing tea growing areas (in extreme cases, as temperatures become too high for tea cultivation), new suitable land areas need to be found; reduced biodiversity and ecosystem function as the result of habitat conversion, high-energy consumption (logged timber); sun scorch damage decreasing yields and lowering tea quality; reduced resilience of tea crops; uncertainty with application of fertilizers, high application of pesticides in some countries; increase in extreme weather events such as droughts, hail storms, floods, frosts, extreme rainfall and landslides (MCCTS, 2014; Maina et al., 2015 and Zakir,2017). Abstract: The tea plant grows in a variety of climates and it is difficult to specify an ideal climate. The monsoonal climate of Northeast India with alternate wet and dry seasons and the high elevation of subtropical mountains in China, India, and Sri Lanka provide optimal conditions for tea production. Climate change is expected to decrease not only the quality of tea, but also the quantity of tea production: as a consequence of increased soil erosion, pests, and diseases that are becoming more resistant. In addition to this; changing climate conditions impact the concentration of secondary metabolites, which are most important for the quality of tea. The dilution of phytochemicals as a consequence of more frequent extreme rains seems to explain the changes of the tea taste that tea farmers in Yunnan (South China) are experiencing. As tea is thought to have originated as an understory plant in the tropical rainforests, it is likely that its photosynthetic apparatus is adapted to function with maximum capacity under shade. Generally, tea grows well within a Ta range of about 18-25oC. Air temperatures below 13oC and above 30oC have been found to reduce shoot growth. The rate of shoot initiation in tea increases linearly with rise in temperature from the base (threshold) temperature (Tb) to an optimum temperature (To) and thereafter decreases linearly with further increases in temperature up to the maximum or ceiling temperature (Tce). Reduction of shoot extension, leaf area expansion, stem diameter, internode elongation and number of lateral branches of woody plants including tea, have been reported to be associated with SWD.


Recovering a sparse signal from a given set of linear measurements has been a major subject of research in the recent decade. In the basic setup, an unknown signal x ∈ R passes through a given linear transformation M ∈ Rm×d with an additive noise e ∈ R providing a set of linear measurements y = Mx + e. The signal x is assumed to have a sparse representation α ∈ R under a given dictionary D ∈ Rd×n, i.e. x = Dα. Most of the existing work dealing with the problem of recovering x from y focuses on the reconstruction of the signal's representation, assuming that this leads to the desired signal recovery. This approach forces the dictionary to have a low coherence, and in particular, no linear dependencies between small groups of its columns. Recently, a series of papers have shown that such dependencies can be allowed by aiming at recovering the signal itself [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. However, these contributions consider the analysis modeling framework. Indeed, in [3], [4], [5] it is even suggests that such linear dependencies are a virtue, and should be encouraged. Is this something unique for the analysis model, or does the same apply for the synthesis? A partial answer to this question is given in [1], where the reconstruction conditions are presented in terms of the D-RIP, which is a property of the measurement matrix M for the synthesis model. However, as indicated in [4], the results in [1] essentially hold true for emerging signals from the analysis model. Two recent contributions show that linear dependencies are permitted even in the synthesis context, as long as the aim of the pursuit is recovery of the signal (and not the representation) [6], [7]. The work in [6] presents a modified version of CoSaMP that aims at recovering the signal, showing empirically that unlike the regular CoSaMP, the modified version gets a good recovery even in the presence of linear dependencies in D. However, the theoretical part in this work assumes the existence of a near-optimal projection, like in [4], which seems to be a NP-hard problem for a general dictionary. In [7], the basic synthesis l0-minimization problem is analyzed, showing that in the presence of linear dependencies and high correlations in a dictionary, though the recovery of the representation is impossible, the signal reconstruction is doable. Both [6] and [7] rely on a modification of the restricted isometry property (RIP), the D-RIP [1]. However, both need a combinatorial computation for their results to hold. In this work we also focus on the synthesis model and ask the same question: whether it is possible to have a general recovery guarantee for the synthesis model for a dictionary allowing linear dependencies between its columns. In addition, we ask the question, what happens when the columns are only nearly correlated. We seek theoretical guarantees that do not require a combinatorial computation. We propose and analyze modified versions of the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) [8] and iterative hard thresholding (IHT) [9]. Instead of using the D-RIP, we rely on two new properties of M and D: The ε-coherence and the ε-RIP, which generalize the definitions of the regular coherence and RIP. In these new definitions, T denotes a support set, di the i-th column of D, |T | the size of T , and DT , a submatrix of D with columns corresponding to the indices in T . Definition 1.1: Let 0 ≤ ε < 1, M be a fixed measurement matrix and D a fixed dictionary. The ε-coherence με(M,D) is defined as


the incidence of PD in patients with diabetes. We had analyzed PPARs agonists (glitazones), including glitazone, in our 50,332 diabetic patients; however, the sample size of patients with glitazone use was small and we cannot find an association with PD incidence. As Dr Kawada and other investigators indicated, the reduction of PD incidence by statin therapy could be explained by PPARs because PPARs downregulate mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, which are major causes of neurodegenerative diseases.


With the rapid development of economic and society in China,the increased new great opportunities for the building industry make more and more new or renew constructions in nationwide,which also brings a number of new materials,new structures and new technologies to be widely used in practice.However,this prosperous market is making a large amount of fire potentials in construction sites,which can easily trigger some fire accidents even cause significant economic losses and casualties.For example,the fire accidents in construction site of CCTV affiliated cultural center in Beijing and 11.15 high-rise residential buildings in Shanghai are mainly caused by some reasons like not well fulfilling responsibilities of fire security inspection,not well implementing requirements of fire control.This paper gives some views about security management of fire control in construction sites.


Background

The link between the gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and bone loss has already been observed in animal models and a few human studies in adults, but no such study has been conducted in children. We aimed to investigate whether the gut microbiota and fecal SCFAs are associated with bone mass in healthy Chinese children aged 6–9 years.
Methods

In this study, 236 healthy children including 145 boys and 91 girls were enrolled. Fecal samples from children were collected, and DNA was extracted. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the composition of their gut microbiota. Total and 10 subtypes of SCFAs in the fecal samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Dual X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone mineral density and bone mineral content (BMC) for total body and total body less head (TBLH). Size-adjusted BMC for TBLH was calculated.
Result

The boys showed less gut microbial diversity than the girls, as indicated by the Chao1 index (364.02 (63.07) vs. 375.12 (43.50), P = 0.018) and abundance-based coverage estimator (362.65 (54.48) vs. 381.07 (40.19), P = 0.007). No significant sex difference was found in the relative abundance of the gut microbiota at any level. Multiple regression analysis after adjustment for covariates and multiple test correction showed that neither gut microbial richness (β: −0.15–0.16, P: 0.376–0.984) nor fecal subtypes of or total SCFAs (β: −0.06–0.17, P: 0.699–0.979) were correlated with bone mass measures in total samples. Similar results were observed in sex-specific analysis.
Conclusions

Our results did not support the hypothesis that the gut microbiota and fecal SCFA concentrations are associated with bone mass in children.


A 52-year-old African American male was admitted to the hospital for high-dose chemotherapy for refractory aggressive multiple myeloma (MM). He had previously progressed through bortezomib/dexamethasone and lenalidomide therapy. The most recent bone marrow biopsy showed approximately 90% kappa light chain-restricted plasma cells with a high proliferative rate (3.3% cells in S-phase). Admission labs prior to starting any therapy (Table I) were significant for uric acid 16.1 mg/ dL (reference range, 3.7–8.0), creatinine 2.1 mg/dL (reference range, 0.8–1.3 and his baseline was 1.1), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 438 U/L (reference range, 122– 222), phosphorus 6.2 mg/dL (reference range, 2.5–4.5), hemoglobin 7.1 g/dL (reference range, 13.5–17.5), and IgG kappa monoclonal protein of 4.1 g/dL. On admission, baseline pulse oximetry at the bedside was normal at 95% O2 saturation (SpO2). Due to baseline renal insufficiency and anticipated tumor lysis, intravenous (IV) fluids were started immediately followed by 6 mg of rasburicase on Day 1. High-dose IV cyclophosphamide (1,500 mg/m) and 1,000 mg of methylprednisolone were administered in the early morning on Day 2. This patient presents with hyperuricemia and hyperphosphatemia with laboratory levels that meet Cairo–Bishop criteria of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) even before chemotherapy was initiated [1,2]. In addition, he also has an acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to TLS occurring in the setting of refractory MM as manifested by high tumor burden, high plasma cell proliferative rate, increased serum LDH, and a very high uric acid with AKI. Given the clinical features and baseline hyperuricemia and AKI, rasburicase should be administered to prevent worsening renal failure. A glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) level is usually obtained in patients receiving rasburicase because rasburicase can induce hemolysis and cause methemoglobinemia in enzyme-deficient individuals. In our patient, the options were to give rasburicase or to provide prophylactic kidney dialysis without rasburicase. We proceeded with rasburicase given the need for immediate chemotherapy. On hospital Day 2, bedside pulse oximetry showed significant hypoxemia (SpO2 75%), triggering an emergency consultation with the critical care team. The patient was evaluated and found to be quite comfortable on room air with a respiratory rate of 16 per minute without the use of accessory muscles of respiration; lung, cardiac, and mucous membrane examinations were normal. An arterial blood gas (ABG) was performed and the arterial blood was noted to be brown in color. ABG showed pH 7.39, pO2 104 mmHg, pCO2 39 mmHg, HCO3 24 mmol/L and methemoglobin 12.9% (normal range, 0–1.5%). At this point, the care team discussed the use of IV methylene blue. Methemoglobinemia is one of the known side effects of rasburicase administration. In the setting of recent rasburicase administration, the low SpO2 with a normal physical examination in an asymptomatic patient makes the diagnosis of methemoglobinemia highly likely. There was no detectable blue skin color due to his African American ethnicity. ABG findings with the normal pO2 and increased methemoglobin confirmed the diagnosis. Rasburicase can induce hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients. Moreover, G6PD deficient patients who develop methemoglobinemia should not be given methylene blue as it can also induce hemolysis. Immediate treatment with methylene blue was considered in our patient, but avoided given his relatively moderate degree of methemoglobinemia, asymptomatic condition, and his unknown G6PD status at that time on Day 2. Ascorbic acid administration is the alternative method of treatment. The patient was treated conservatively with ascorbic acid therapy 1,000 mg oral daily. The G6PD level returned deficient at 3.3 U/g Hb (normal, 8.8–13.4) and thus the patient did not receive methylene blue. Over the next 4 days, his methemoglobinemia resolved and his O2 saturation normalized (Fig. 1). Unfortunately, during this same time period, he developed progressive anemia requiring red blood cell support. Serum haptoglobin was normal at 69 mg/dL (reference range, 30–200) on Day 3 but became undetectable (<14) by Day 5. Bilirubin increased from 0.6 mg/dL on Day 2 to 3.6 mg/dL (reference range, 0.1–1.0 mg/dL) on Day 5; LDH increased from 438 U/L on Day 1 to 1,555 U/L on Day 5. The patient reported tea-colored urine. He was supported with a total of eight units of packed red blood cells over the next 4 days (Table I). The patient's low G6PD level explains the moderate hemolysis that he developed after rasburicase administration. It is important to note that there was an hemolysis-free interval between the rasburicase administration and the first clinical and laboratory signs of hemolysis. This is typical and must be remembered or else hemolysis may be missed during a short hospital admission.


The impending unavailability of Halon has particularly serious implications for protection against fast fires or explosions in occupied spaces such as aerosol can filling rooms and the crew bays of armored fighting vehicles. In such applications, the seventy and rapid development of the hazard require extinguishant concentrations and rates of delivery which are much higher than those used in conventional systems. At the same time, there must be no threat to personnel either from the agent or from its discharge.


The major portion of the paper made in the United States is acid and, as a consequence, has a severely shortened useful life. This not only causes a great deal of difficulty for librarians and archivists, but also gives the paper industry a more brittle fiber for recycling. Paper at both acid and alkaline pH values was subjected to accelerated aging and recycled. Folding endurance of the acid paper dropped rapidly, and the low values were reproduced in the reclaim sheet. The alkaline sheet retained its fold well as did the sheet produced from it.


COLUMBIA, MD., IS A PLANNED COMMUNITY SITUATED BETWEEN BALTIMORE AND WASHINGTON, D.C.. ITS PRESENT POPULATION OF 10,000 IS EXPECTED TO INCREASE TENFOLD BY 1982. AN EXCLUSIVE BUS RIGHT-OF-WAY IS BEING INTEGRATED INTO THE LAND USE PLAN SO THAT 40% OF THE ULTIMATE POPULATION WILL BE WITHIN A 3-MINUTE WALK. UNDER A D.O.T. GRANT A STUDY AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM ARE BEING UNDERTAKEN TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM TRANSIT CONFIGURATION FOR COLUMBIA AND FOR NEW TOWNS GENERALLY. THE APPROACH HAS BEEN TO FORMULATE POSTULATES ABOUT TRANSIT AND THEN TO TEST THEM THROUGH OPINION SURVEYS, MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS, AND EXPERIMENTATION. BOTH ROUTE-FIXED AND DEMAND-ACTUATED SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN TESTED AS PART OF THE EXPERIMENTATION. SIMULATED AND ACTUAL DEMAND RUNS FOR A SINGLE COLUMBIA VILLAGE HAVE INDICATED THAT THE SYSTEM IS FEASIBLE, AND IMPLEMENTATION NOW AWAITS A PHASE-II GRANT FROM D.O.T.; THE OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PLANNED SYSTEM ARE DESCRIBED. A DEMAND ANALYSIS EMPLOYING MODAL SPLIT HAS ALSO BEEN MADE FOR THREE GUIDEWAY AND FIVE ROADWAY CONFIGUURATIONS IN THE 1985 TIMEFRAME: RIDERSHIP VARIED FROM 1300 PER DAY FOR A LOW-FREQUENCY, SCHEDULED BUS TO OVER 40,000 FOR A COMPUTER-SCHEDULED, DEMAND-ACTUATED SYSTEM. HOWEVER, THE LATTER SYSTEM COULD NOT SURVIVE A FINANCIAL ANALYSIS: ON A TOWNWIDE BASIS IT REQUIRED TO MANY MILES OF OPERATION AND TOO MANY VEHICLES, WHILE ON A FEEDER BASIS IT COULD NOT PROVIDE AN ACCEPTABLE SERVICE-TIME INTERVAL WITHOUT REQUIRING A CONSIDERABLE INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES OVER A SCHEDULED SERVICE.


The manufacturing of wooden fish cases for the shipping of marine-products is conditioned by the supply of materials and processed fish. However, in ports of fishing bases, manufacturing of fish cases is not so remarkable as the ship building and fish processing industry.The author investigated the character of the fish case manufacturing in the following four fishing ports in Tohoku; Hachinohe, Kesennuma, Ishinomaki and Shiogama.1) Wooden cases are used for more than paper, metal and chemical plastic cases, because the wood is more accessible than other kinds.2) The fish case manufacture factories are located near the markets of marineproducts or near the landing places of fish.There are two types in the distribution of factories.One is a type in which the factories are concentrated around the fish markets such as in Hachinohe, Kesennuma and Ishinomaki. In those fishing ports, most of the fishes landed are so-called fish or lower classes-mackerel and cuttle fish. Fish case factories in those fishing ports moved accompanied with the moves of the fish markets. In the other type, factories are dispersed in fishing ports and there are no relation between fish case factories and fish markets. Such distribution is seen in Shiogama as well as in Yaizu, Shizuoka Prefecture, which has a conspicuous position in the ranking of fishing ports in Japan. Main landing fishes are so-called high class fish like tuna.3) Average number of employees of the factories is 3-5, and most of them are women as the result of labour shortage and use of machines.4) Wood as raw material is obtained from areas within 80km from the factories through contacts with timber merchants.


The prevalence of fat and obesity in the world population increases with the times. Fat and obesity increase not only in adulthood but also in children and toddlers. This is due to the increasing social and economic status accompanied by technological advancements so that all clothing and food needs will be easier to obtain without having to spend a large amount of energy, so fat accumulation increases without significant activity which causes everyone to become fat and obese. This study aims to analyze the effect of zinc and probiotic supplementation (supplement is Lactobacillus casei) on blood sugar levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) and HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein). This type of research is an experiment with pre-post test design. The population is all children in the Perumnas I and IV Elementary Schools of Makassar City. The sample used was all obese and obese children as many as 8 students. The supplements used are zinc and L. casei, which are given once a day on school days. The research variable used was a serum sample derived from blood in mg/dl units and analyzed at the Tajuddin Chalik General Hospital Makassar. Data analysis uses paired t test. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in blood sugar levels while total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL levels did not decrease significantly. Suggestions for using zinc and L. casei supplements in obese and obese children should be balanced with exercise so that triglyceride levels can drop to normal levels.


Recent approaches for modelling dynamics of physical systems with neural networks enforce Lagrangian or Hamiltonian structure to improve prediction and generalization. However, these approaches fail to handle the case when coordinates are embedded in high-dimensional data such as images. We introduce a new unsupervised neural network model that learns Lagrangian dynamics from images, with interpretability that benefits prediction and control. The model infers Lagrangian dynamics on generalized coordinates that are simultaneously learned with a coordinate-aware variational autoencoder (VAE). The VAE is designed to account for the geometry of physical systems composed of multiple rigid bodies in the plane. By inferring interpretable Lagrangian dynamics, the model learns physical system properties, such as kinetic and potential energy, which enables long-term prediction of dynamics in the image space and synthesis of energy-based controllers.


Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and compare the antibacterial activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Plectranthus amboinicus leaves against the human gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Method: The research was conducted using the ethanol extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Plectranthus amboinicus. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was determined by using disc diffusion methods on the gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Results: By the observation, P. amboinicus shows higher antibacterial activity towards S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli at the concentration of 100 mg/mL which is 14mm, 12mm and 10mm respectively. Ocimum tenuiflorum also shows antibacterial activity at the concentration of 100 mg/mL S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli which are 12mm, 10mm and 10 mm respectively. Compared to


Data governance has received research attention, but its effect on public attitude has not been sufficiently explored. To analyse the attitude towards public participation in data governance in the context of a tourism platform, we conduct an empirical model that aims to understand the impact of data governance environment and participants' cognitive ability on attitude. Taking tourism sharing platforms as an example, we collected 339 questionnaires for data analysis. Results show that data quality and website design have a positive effect on users' attitude towards data governance through data literacy self-efficacy. Data literacy self-efficacy has a suppression effect between data quality and attitude towards data governance and has the same effect between website design and attitude towards data governance. Data quality and website design have a positive effect on users' attitude towards data governance through platform interaction. Platform interactivity plays a mediating role between data quality and attitude towards data governance and has the same effect between website design and attitude towards data governance. Data policy has a positive effect on users' data literacy self-efficacy but no significant effect on platform interactivity. Moreover, this study provides theoretical and practical implications that can guide the government in policy implementation and platform managers in data governance.


Abstract By describing body as original power identical to transcendentallife of ego, in accordance with radical or material phenomenology, we can establish that the phenomenological truth of a bodily subjectivity is the immanence of pure self-affection. From the perspective of Michel Henry's view, the Maine Biran and Kandinsky's analyses show clearly that body potentiality unveils pathos linked with the entire universe and turn it into a living cosmos. This cosmic life, visible in art in general and abstract art in particular, makes us aware that this subjective reality is similar to our own inner strength, as we can clearly demonstrate it by the movement of our hand. Thus, the body itself has access to the world without being reduced to a mere instrument or transcendental mean extraneous to our innermost life.


The total amount of fatty acid contained in the blood stream at any moment is considerably less than the amount of fat that might be taken in a single feeding. Therefore, during the period of alimentary lipemia some of the lipids in blood would be expected to acquire the composition of dietary fat. To illustrate, the blood plasma of a 70 Kg. man contains about 50 mEq. of fatty acids (approximately 25 mEq. in phospholipids, 12 mEq. in cholesterol esters, 10 mEq. in triglycerides and 3 mEq. in nonesterified fatty acids), whereas a meal containing 3 ounces of fat provides 300 mEq. The amount of fatty acid entering the blood during a period of a few hours after such a feeding thus is about six times the total amount in circulation and, since the concentration of fatty acid in plasma remains approximately constant during absorption, the fatty acids of plasma must turn over on the average about six times. The actual turnover of transport lipids must be much greater than this since only a small part of the plasma lipid participates directly in absorption. Practically all of the newly absorbed fat enters the blood as triglyceride (1, 2). If dietary fat were simply mixed with this small pool and then transported to the tissues, the pool would turn over about 30 times and the composition of plasma triglyceride would become identical with that of dietary fat during the period of absorption. Some evidence of this expected effect was obtained by Wilson and Hanner (3) who fed large doses of cream or cod liver oil to children and observed that the iodine number of the increment of blood lipids during the lipemic phase became approximately equal to the iodine number of the fed fat. It is also known that the composition of


Most African countries consider family planning as a necessary policy instrument for the improvement of maternal and child health conditions. 68% of governments have set as a development objective the reduction of mortality, particularly the reduction of maternal and infant mortality. Additionally, 34% of these African governments have adopted an integrated approach of family planning programs with health services. Various reasons can justify the adoption of an integrated approach to the provision of family planning and maternal and child health services. From a political perspective, the integration approach is based on the political sensitivity and increasing the willingness of political authorities and motivating them to accept family planning as an instrument in the battle against maternal and infant mortality. From the organizational point of view, integration allows the establishment of a system of administration common to both programs of family planning and health, and consequently to develop the infrastructure in equipment and personnel that is necessary for the functioning of these programs. Births occurring to women in the 20-30 year age group are associated with low maternal mortality. Birth intervals of more than 1 year and preferably 2 years and more are associated with a low rate of maternal and infant mortality, prenatal mortality, and a low rate of prematurity. The high rate of abortion constitutes a danger against maternal health. A program of family planning integrated with health services will diminish the number of abortions. For integration to respond to its objectives, certain conditions should be met: the establishment of administrative services that allow the integrated functioning of family planning with maternal and infant health services; complete coverage in health services to pregnant women and women who just delivered; and the establishment and proper functioning of population education programs for pregnant and postpartum women and for young women and couples.


A number of techniques for Natural Language Processing (shortly, NLP) based on graph representations were developed. Usually they target a specific NLP task, such as: text summarisation, syntactic parsing, word sense disambiguation, ontology construction, sentiment and subjectivity analysis, or text clustering. In this paper we explore complex network representation of tourist reviews for extracting lexical and quantitative features of the review text. The most important contribution of our proposal consists of defining a new method for keywords extraction using Complex Network ranking metrics.


Fieldwork conducted among a diverse sample of non-Asian patients of Chinese medicine in New York City during 1989 and 1990 showed that they are formulating models of health, illness, and healing based mainly upon their own bodily experience with therapy. They view the Chinese medical therapy that they receive as holistic, in contrast to the fragmentary nature of biomedicine. While some practitioners who were interviewed also spoke of personal encounters with the healing mechanisms of this non-Western form of treatment, the models of both Asians and non-Asians in this second category tended to focus upon Confucian or Taoist ideals of order and responsibility. It is hypothesized that, while certainly affected by socioeconomic and political exigencies, an urban U.S. variant of Chinese medicine may be emerging from the ground up; that is, from the consumers and therapists who are most intimately involved with the system.


At the end of the nineteenth century a new industry was established: the electricity production industry. Worldwide, new companies face this new market with the ambition of intercepting the interest of new consumers. The case of AEG is emblematic and the assignment to Peter Behrens, in 1907, to set up a new image of the company determines the birth of the art director's profession. The German example is followed, albeit less radically, by the most important Italian entrepreneurs on the national scene: Conti and Breda, respectively, commission to Piero Portaluppi and Giovanni Muzio the design of their first hydroelectric power plants in Val d'Ossola and Valtournenche. These first occasions constitute the "germ" through which the architects, having recognized the critical competence of the communicative and symbolic value of architecture, through their work, renew their role as complementary to engineers.


Women and Screen Cultures is a series of experimental digital books aimed to promote research and knowledge on the contribution of women to the cultural history of screen media. Published by the Department of the Arts at the University of Bologna, it is issued under the conditions of both open publishing and blind peer review. It will host collections, monographs, translations of open source archive materials, illustrated volumes, transcripts of conferences, and more. Proposals are welcomed for both disciplinary and multi-disciplinary contributions in the fields of film history and theory, television and media studies, visual studies, photography and new media. A bstrAct : Although opera has undoubtedly been an important point of reference for the silent film industry, it didn't left a conspicuous amount of traces that could allow us today to carry out wide-ranging research. This paper aims to fill this gap trying to reconstruct the relationship between opera and the silent cinema in a particular country, such as Italy, where the culture of melodrama in the early twentieth century was not only widespread among the cultural élite but also familiar to a large section of the population. My contribution explores different items: the technological perspective; the involvement of the main Italian composers into the emerging movie industry; the role played by music publishers and film companies in order to reinforce integration between these media; finally the key role of the singer-actress. This last item is really significant. Indeed the character of singer-actress reaches on a profound symbolic meaning, and at same time reveals both the potentials and limitations of silent movie. Finally, I will show how the paradoxical status of "silent singer" is a very fructuous item to depict the identity of both silent cinema and opera in the well-known home of "bel canto."


Committee on the Psychological Examination of Recruits (The people who developed the Army Alpha and Army Beta tests) – 1917. Yerkes, the committee chair, is center (second from left) in the third row. 1 We thank the Templeton Foundation for its generous support of student travel awards, and Elsevier Publishing Company for its generous contribution to the reception. Numbers in parentheses following names are page numbers for abstracts.


Facility‐based competition (FBC) in the telecommunications market is considered to have lower static efficiency in the short term and higher dynamic efficiency in the long term. Under service‐based competition (SBC), the entrant can reduce its setup costs by leasing network facilities from the incumbent, which makes the entrant viable, pushes the market price down and promotes static efficiency. This paper attempts to measure static efficiency by comparing the profits of the incumbent and entrant in terms of consumer surplus and social welfare under each competition type by extending the Stackelberg model. The results, assuming a linear demand function and variation in regulatory level, show that FBC results in higher social welfare than SBC on the whole. However, SBC accompanied by strong regulation is also shown to have the potential to be superior over FBC. It is also revealed that FBC exhibits a higher producer surplus (particularly, the incumbent's producer surplus) and is, therefore, more desirable in terms of dynamic efficiency. When the entrant's cost is high in FBC, social welfare is shown to be lowered, implying that cost competitiveness is a necessary condition for social welfare.


Commercially available EEG acquisition units provide ability to acquire and view EEG signals in real time using their proprietary user interface software. Analysis of such EEG data is limited to the capabilities provided within these acquisition units, thereby making it necessary to process data in multi-paradigm computing environment. Offline uploading of the data into standard tools for further analysis may cause loss of information. This paper gives details of a simple and robust mechanism for online acquisition and real time processing of EEG signals in MATLAB without any loss of information, using custom developed API. Resulting wave decomposition into discrete samples and channels also reduce complexity in processing data. The designed system, using portable wireless Emotiv EEG neuroheadset, can easily be adopted for web-based remote monitoring of live EEG for applications in the field of mobile health. Moreover, developed BCI can be miniaturised and designed as SoC (System on Chip).


Preventing system failure in cloud has become more important as a result of the prevalence of cloud use for mission-critical applications. One of the major causes of system failure in clouds is misconfiguration, as shown in recent studies. Hence, it is essential first to detect misconfiguration before it causes outage or degradation of service. Although cloud provides us flexible and auto-configurable infrastructure for expeditious implementation of systems, this also provokes frequent changes and complexity of the implementation, and leads to difficulty in verifying its configuration. In this paper, we present a method to detect latent misconfigurations. Our method is designed on the basis of our misconfiguration categorizations which gives us the capability to choose detection tactics by misconfiguration pattern, so the administrator can diagnose with less knowledge of configuration details. By generalized preprocessing of configuration data in which configuration files are input as-is, our method does not limit its target to a specific type of component. This enables us to diagnose system-wide misconfiguration while system configuration is frequently changed. The results of our experiment show that misconfiguration of a single configuration parameter is detected with over 90% F-measure.


In this paper, effects of stationary contraction on mixing and transport of a non-Newtonian fluid in the small intestine are analyzed theoretically. A semi-analytical method is developed to solve the governing equations of fluids flow in the intestine using lubrication theory. Results indicate that the stationary contraction helps in conferring two functions – (1) shearing of the contents, and (2) bidirectional transport over a short distance. The flow resulting from contraction is symmetric and occurs in both the directions; however, they do not lead to a net flow rate in one direction. The amount of shearing developed during such flows is reflective of their mixing ability. The effort of such peristalsis is largely determined by the flow behavior index; where energy requirements of developing similar shearing forces are higher for dilatants and lower for pseudoplastics. Flow is sensitive to frequency of contraction, luminal occlusion and wavelength of the contraction.


Multi-beam multiplexing can be implemented by uniform linear arrays (ULAs) based on the interleaved subarray architectures in previous works, which leads to significant cost and complexity reduction in its implementation. However, when a large number of antennas are available, for a required level of beamforming performance, we may not need to employ all of them for each scenario. As a result, further complexity reduction can be achieved by only employing a subset of the available antennas. In this work, a sparsity based antenna se-lection method is proposed in this context. Design examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Completing its initial phases of drug development in the mid 1990s as the one of the first fluoroquinolones that could be used with confidence to treat respiratory tract infections, levofloxacin went on to become one of the most widely prescribed antibiotics in the world. Available in both oral (po) and intravenous (IV) formulations and with characteristics of over 90% bioavailability, distribution into both extracellular and intracellular pulmonary compartments, highly predictable pharmacokinetics with over 90% of the drug being excreted unchanged in urine, and reliable activity against a broad spectrum of clinically important pathogens, levofloxacin has been used successfully to treat patients with a variety of serious infectious diseases as well as common infections most often treated outside of the hospital setting. Results of clinical trials involving patients with respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin infections have consistently shown rates of clinical success and bacteriological eradication t...


The utility model discloses an electric shifting machine for the disabled. The electric shifting machine for the disabled comprises a base, sliding idler wheels which are arranged on the lower portion of the base, a vertical frame with a handrail, a lifting mechanism and a seat. The electric shifting machine for the disabled is characterized in that a sliding groove is arranged on the middle upper portion of the vertical frame, and the lifting mechanism is composed of a lifter support which is fixed on the base and a telescopic pipe mechanism which is fixedly connected with the lifter support. A seat fixed plate with a sliding block I and a shoulder pad fixed plate with a sliding block II are fixedly connected on the upper portion of the telescopic pipe mechanism. The seat fixed plate and the shoulder pad fixed plate are fixedly connected through a connecting rod. The sliding block I and the sliding block II are assembled in the sliding groove of the vertical frame and are in sliding connection with the vertical frame. The seat is a Z-shaped structural inserting plate type seat, and shoulder pads are two bilaterally-symmetric shoulder pads and are in pivot connection with the shoulder pad fixed plate through a shoulder pad connection rod. The electric shifting machine for the disabled has the advantages of being convenient to operate due to the fact that lifting of the inserting plate type seat and the shoulder pads is operated in an electric manner, and a nurse and a patient feel comfortable and safe in the process of moving.


Retrocommissioning (RCx) of large commercial facilities plays an increasingly important role in many energy efficiency portfolios. Yet there is little data on how long the savings from RCx measures actually persist. This paper presents the methodology and results of a study of effective useful life (EUL) for RCx measures implemented in past California RCx programs. The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) requested this study in large part because of the high level of uncertainty surrounding RCx program EUL claims. The study examined over 100 measures from three California third-party RCx programs implemented between 2002 and 2005. These measures were studied in previous impact evaluations and, as a result, substantial information was available for most measures from those evaluations. The study methodology entailed reviewing project documentation from the implementation and evaluation files and then scheduling and conducting a site visit. The purpose of the site visit was to determine the RCx measures' functionality through inspection of equipment and control systems, along with interviews with building operators. Analysis of these field data yielded an estimated average RCx measure EUL of eight years, albeit with some uncertainty. A follow-up study of this group of measures and the addition of a study of 2006-08 RCx program measures is recommended. This retrospective study provided valuable, empirical data on RCx EULs. It is a key step toward developing comprehensive future efforts to determine how long RCx savings last.


Teaching reform of Criminal Procedural Law is essential and possible.The chief goal of the reform is to develop applied talents of law.This goal will be achieved through integration of to course content and improved teaching methods,cultivating students' practical ability and the comprehensive quality.


The author focuses on the response to the short stories of the Latvian writer Rudolf Blaumanis within the intertextual space of literature. Blaumanis's short stories are considered as pre-texts for the works of H. Sudermann, Ch. Aitmatov, and V. Astafyev. The author analyses the logic and forms of interaction between texts in the literary era in question.


1 Department of Civil Engineering 2 Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry 3 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering 4 Centre for Curriculum, Teaching, and Learning, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education 5 Engineering Communication Program Abstract – One of the requirements of students' candidacy in the doctoral program is to pass the comprehensive, or qualifying, examinations. This paper shares some of the experiences of doctoral candidates who have recently completed these examinations as part of the Collaborative Specialization in Engineering Education at the University of Toronto, and the observed differences in these candidacy assessments. The pedagogical aim, or purpose, of these exams, and how candidates' experiences compare, on both an interand extra-disciplinary level is explored. The goal of this paper is to share some of what is in the literature, to investigate and outline the challenges from candidates' own experiences, and to offer suggestions for future comprehensive, or qualifying, examinations.


Being produced from organic matters of wastes (bio-wastes) through a fermentation process, biogas mainly composed of CH4 and CO2 and can be considered as a secondary energy carrier derived from solar energy. To generate electricity from biogas through the electrochemical process in fuel cells is a state-of-the-art technology possessing higher energy conversion efficiency without harmful emissions compared to combustion process in heat engines. Getting benefits from high operating temperature such as direct internal reforming ability and activation of electrochemical reactions to increase overall system efficiency, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system operated with biogas becomes a promising candidate for distributed power generator for rural applications leading to reductions of environmental issues caused by greenhouse effects and bio-wastes. CO2 reforming of CH4 and electrochemical oxidation of the produced syngas (H2–CO mixture) are two main reaction processes within porous anode material of SOFC. Here ...


The new 64-million gallon Marston Lake Water Purification Plant put into operation in August, 1925, at Denver, Colorado has many novel and interesting features. The process is that of rapid filtration preceded by screening, aeration, coagulation and accompanied by sterilization. The works consist of an intake, screening plant, aerators, mixing chambers, coagulation basin, rapid filters, clear water reservoir and a boiler pump and head house containing the mechanical equipment, heating boilers, coagulant storage, storage facilities for wash water, high pressure water and air. The water treated is drawn from Marston Lake which in itself is fed largely from the South Platte River.


The objective of the paper was the verification of psychosomatic disorders against the background of disadaptation among senior medical students.
Materials and Methods. We used screening and psychometric diagnostic methods to examine 292 4th-year students, 181 (62 %) of whom showed signs of disorders relating to psychological and emotional adjustment to the stressful influence of external irritants against the background of somatic symptoms. We used the standardized Spielberger–Hanin, Zung, Cohen, and Nijmegen questionnaires and anamnestic data for the in-depth questionnaire in our research.
Results. When assessing the overall results of the psychometric screening, we found that more than half of the 4th-year students surveyed (62 %) had some signs of adjustment disorders. According to the Spielberger questionnaire, 43.65 % of students in the main group (n = 181) showed signs of increased state anxiety. The majority of young people showed signs of trait anxiety, among whom 53.04 % had severe anxiety disorders and 41.99 % had moderate anxiety disorders. According to the Zung questionnaire, 17 people showed signs of depression. The Cophen scale assessment revealed a high number of young people with low stress tolerance among respondents. We found that among 181 students, 35.36 % had a satisfactory result (6.8 ± 1.43 units) and 50.28 % had a poor result (28.2 ± 1.18 units). The remaining 10 students in this group had a very poor result (36.5 ± 2.16 units). 48 students in the main group showed positive results according to the Nijmegen questionnaire.
On the background of the detected changes, psychosomatic symptoms were established in most students, which can act as a marker of a non-adaptive type of autonomic reaction.
Conclusions. Screening assessment of medical students with the use of standardized questionnaires makes it possible to detect manifestations of psychovegetative dysfunction, disadaptation syndrome against the background of psychosomatic symptoms.


Although eczema is of perennial interest to the dermatologist, it is not without some misgiving that I bring so trite and hackneyed a subject before this Section, and more especially since I have nothing novel to present. But there are so many and such great gaps in our knowledge of the essential nature and real causes of this many-sided affection that individual views, especially when based on experience, must always have more or less interest for those who are in daily contact with the many problems presented by this the most frequent of skin affections. As a measure of how much (or how little) we have learned in a century concerning the causes of eczema, it will be interesting to review briefly the various opinions which have been put forward by those who, with patient, earnest toil, laid deep and strong the foundations on which has been erected the splendid


meanings, verbs, and adjectives. More than 100 nouns with abstract meanings are illustrated, often in sets of related words, as in the successful case of demonstration-procession-riot, or using several pictures to show the processes as in the excellent illustrations for food chain and metamorphosis. Another strategy often employed to illustrate nounsmeanings are illustrated, often in sets of related words, as in the successful case of demonstration-procession-riot, or using several pictures to show the processes as in the excellent illustrations for food chain and metamorphosis. Another strategy often employed to illustrate nouns with abstract meaning or adjectives is to show pictures of related items, as in the case of make-up, which is accompanied by photographs of a lipstick, a make-up brush, and an eye-shadow kit. Although we appreciate the efforts to use illustrations as part of definitions of nouns of this kind, we have to point out there are cases like accident, arrest (n), and interview where we cannot figure out what the photographs stand for. 10.1.4. LDOCE3 ambitiously introduced illustrations for over 180 verbs, including the commendable ones explaining the differences between related verbs, such as hear-listen, nod-shake one's head, and steal-rob An Analysis of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Fourth Edition 67 (LTrata et al. 1999: 89). Though all these illustrations have been deleted, about 100 verbs are appropriately illustrated in LDOCE4, mostly in pairs or in combination with related verbs, as in the cases of offer-refuse, bitechew-peck-nibble, and drink-sip-lap-suck. Verbs illustrated with single photographs or drawings, such as examine and share, are now rare. The schemes for showing the differences between the related verbs are well exploited in the new edition, and one of the colour pages titled 'Cleaning' successfully illustrates 12 verbs related to cleaning. Illustrations for verbs seem to have been enriched in quality, in spite of the fact that illustrated verbs have somewhat decreased in number. 10.1.5. LDOCE4 illustrates over 60 adjectives. Some of the successful illustrations in the previous edition, such as the ones for thick-thin and broken, have been retained, and many more have been newly illustrated in the new edition. One of the colour pages titled 'Surface' is successfully designed for illustrating 12 adjectives which describe surfaces. It is worth noting that a new strategy for illustrating adjectives has been introduced (see 4.1.3.): multipurpose is accompanied by a photograph of a multipurpose knife, and acoustic by photographs of two men, one playng an accoustic guitar and the other an electric one. Another example is electric, which is accompanied by four photographs — of a bulb, an extention lead, fuses, and batteries. This is an innnovation which would not have been introduced into a purely language-oriented dictionary, but it will come into wide use if learner's dictionaries are to offer more and more encyclo-


This dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters in Procurement and Supply Management, (IGS), BRAC University


The Aquariums. The Air. The Water. The Subgravel Filter. The Gravel. The New Environment. The Quarantine Period. Animal Selection. Decorating. Maintenance. Foods and Feeding. Health and Disease. Communal Living. Supplemental Light. Aquarium Mythology. Additional Reading. Index.


The moral of this book can be encapsulated in a quote from George Washington Carver, a great American scientist, who taught as the first black faculty member at Iowa State University and who took e...


Ergonomics optimization design of keys around screen in helicopter cockpit is meaningful to the improvement of operating performance,but the research on its ergonomics characteristics in a vibration environment is a weak link.In this article,we take a new method to investigate this problem with a simulation platform.Through data analyses,some results are summed up as follows.The response time is affected by key size and its position.That the key size is 10 mm is preferable without vibration.And that it is 13 mm,or 25% bigger,in other words,is preferable with the vibration of 23 Hz which can be felt slightly by human body.Under vibration,it is appropriate that the interval between keys is 10 mm.The increase of mistakes and response time caused by vibration must be under suitable control.The result of this research is of some reference value to the ergonomics design and improvements of helicopter manipulating performance.


Review(s) of: Freedom of Information and Privacy in Australia: Government and Information Access in the Modern State by Paterson, Moira, (Australia: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2005) pp 611, Recommended retail price A$196.00 (ISBN 0409319953).


Early in the course of the attempts in this laboratory to prepare a mixture of inorganic salts that might be adequate as a source of the mineral nutrients in feeding experiments with purified food materials, the inclusion of small amounts of iodine was planned. 1 This is reflected in the widely used Osborne-Mendel (IV) salt mixture 2 that contains 0.0025% of iodine. The quantity of iodide thus included was somewhat arbitrarily chosen, because a suitable guide as to the precise needs of the animals (rats) under investigation was not available. Hanzlik, Talbot and Gibson 3 published a report on the comparative effects of prolonged administration of iodide and of other salts on the growth and body weight of rats. They concluded that "the continued administration of iodide in small daily doses in food over long periods (covering from about one-seventh to seven-twelfths of the span of life) to rats caused moderate though variable increases in weight and growth of the body in the majority of animals on complete dietary." The effects of other salts—sulphocyanate, bromide, arsenite, etc.—"were found to be in marked contrast to those of the iodide, thus emphasizing the distinctiveness of iodide, which was found to be beneficial and at least not harmful." Careful studies on growing chicks at the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station 4 have failed to show "any apparent difference either in the health or rate of growth of the birds" when a good mixed grain ration was supplemented daily in the case of some of the animals with 0.5 to 1 mg. of potassium iodide for each 100 gm. of body weight. The subject is important not only pharmacologically but also in planning adequate rations for use under the restricted conditions of laboratory feeding tests or for nutrition of domestic animals in confined quarters.


Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) constitutes an important health problem in the Eastern Mediterranean countries including Iraq. Previous studies from northern Iraq had focused on various aspects of these hemoglobinopathies, but none focused on response of these patients to hemoglobin F modulating agents. Patients and Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 106 patients with SCD were enrolled. They were aged 5–56 years (median 19.2 years) with a male to female ratio of 2.1:1.0. The patients were initiated on hydroxycarbamide and evaluated clinically and hematologically for response prior to therapy, at 2 and 6 months post-therapy, and at last follow-up. Results: Out of the 106 patients enrolled, 100 (94%) patients had a significant response. The responders showed a significant increase in their total hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and fetal hemoglobin (HbF), reduction in their blood requirement, and vaso-occlusive crises. The therapy was quite well tolerated and there were very limited number of side effects. After a median follow-up of 4 years and 7 months (range 1–9 years), those responders at 6 months continued to do so, with 72% remaining transfusion free at their last follow-up. Conclusion: The remarkable response to hydroxycarbamide in the enrolled patients is consistent with other studies worldwide, and thereby hydroxycarbamide offers itself as a cost-effective first-line management option in SCD patients in developing countries.


One of the major challenges encountered in CO2 utilization is the development of available and cost‐efficient catalysts with sufficient activity, selectivity, and stability for the generation of useful methane. Here, conductive black titania, TiO2−x, is found to be efficient in photocatalyzing the reduction of CO2 to CH4. This unique material comprises a crystalline core–amorphous shell structure (TiO2@TiO2−x) with numerous surface oxygen vacancies, which facilitates the adsorption and chemical activation of CO2 molecules. Under full solar irradiation, the optimized 500‐TiO2−x material with narrowed band gap and intermediate states below the conduction band tail exhibits a high space‐time yield of CH4 of 14.3 μmol g−1 h−1, with 74 % selectivity and excellent photostability. The present findings can make a significant contribution, not only to develop the surface electron‐modified black TiO2 catalyst to boost photocatalytic efficiency, but also to establish a really viable and convenient CH4 production process for CO2 conversion and renewable solar energy storage.


PurposeTo determine the repeatability of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measurement from 2 spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) instruments and assess the level of agreement. A secondary objective was to assess if pupillary dilatation affected the repeatability of RNFL measurement. DesignProspective, observational study. ParticipantsFifty normal participants were recruited after being screened for exclusion criteria, which included preexisting glaucoma and significant cataract. MethodsPeripapillary RNFL thickness was measured from either eye of the 50 participants using both the Cirrus and Spectralis OCTs. Three scans were performed consecutively for each instrument and the process was repeated after pupillary dilatation. Main Outcome MeasuresTest-retest variability, coefficient of variation, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for repeatability of RNFL measurement. ICC and Bland-Altman plots for agreement between both devices. ResultsTest-retest variability for the Cirrus and Spectralis OCTs were 4.89 &mgr;m and 4.95 &mgr;m, respectively. RNFL measurements were less repeatable in the 4 quadrants, ranging from 5.02 to 15.00 &mgr;m. The temporal quadrant was the most repeatable quadrant for the Cirrus OCT with a variability of 7.81 &mgr;m, whereas the nasal quadrant was the most repeatable for Spectralis OCT with 5.02 &mgr;m. Test-retest variability was poorer for the Cirrus OCT in the nasal, inferior, and superior quadrants. Pupillary dilatation increased repeatability of RNFL measurement for Cirrus OCT, particularly in the superior quadrant, whereas not affecting measurements from Spectralis OCT. ICC values for agreement between both instruments were good. For average RNFL as well as RNFL in the superior, inferior, and temporal quadrants, ICC ranged from 0.859 to 0.908. The nasal quadrant had a lower ICC of 0.663. Bland-Altman plots showed that the Spectralis OCT provided the thicker RNFL measurement in general, except in the nasal quadrant when RNFL was thin. ConclusionsThe repeatability of RNFL thickness measurement in normal participants was excellent for both the Cirrus and Spectralis OCTs. Agreement of RNFL measurement between both the devices was generally good, with the exception of the nasal quadrant in which a linear relationship exists. Pupillary dilatation improved the repeatability of RNFL measurement for Cirrus while having minimal influence on Spectralis OCT. More studies will be required to ascertain the relationships of RNFL measurement between the different spectral domain OCT instruments in normal and glaucomatous patients.


Biobanks are collections of various biological samples and their related information. These samples include organs, tissues, cells, blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions and biological macromolecular derivatives from healthy or diseased individuals that are collected, processed, stored and utilized under standard procedures. Sample-related information consists of clinical information, test results, pathology, imaging, treatment, follow-up visits and informed patient consent as well as quality control, information management and application systems associated with the samples. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


We propose two structures of optical waveguide amplifiers. The evolutions of TE-polarized waves propagating in both of the waveguide amplifiers are studied. The propagation of the waves in both structures are calculated by the beam propagation method. The numerical results of simulation show that the decayed waves propagating through the waveguide amplifiers can be reamplified


NEW MATERIAL: A heterocyclic compd. of formula I [wherein R 1 and R 2 are each H, NO 2 , NH 2 , CN, a halogen, or SO 2 NH 2 ; -X-Y-Z is -N=N-NR 3 - (wherein R 3 is H, an alkyl or CF 3 ), -NR 3 -N=N-, =N-NR 3 -N=, -S-CH=N-, -N=CH=S-, -CH=C(CO 2 R 3 )-S-, =N-O-N=, =N-S-N=, etc.]. EXAMPLE: 7,8-Dihydroxy-1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline. USE: Medicines with high glutamate antagonist activity. Being effective to epilepsia, alienation, dementia, convulsion, charley horse, etc. PROCESS: E.g. a compd. of formula II is reacted with an oxalate or its reactive deriv. to obtain the compd. of the formula I. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


This study presents the effect of hemorheology on nanoparticle transport in the left coronary artery. The flow is considered to be pulsating and particles are modeled by concentration equation. The influence of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian modeling approaches on particle transport is investigated and compared. Three bifurcations are investigated to determine the effect of bifurcation angles. The results show that considering blood as non‐Newtonian in certain configurations is necessary.


The proper scheme of legal liability for the management of legal consequences of a GNSS failure has become an important GNSS utilisation issue for some time. As the GNSS has become both the enabling and the underlying foundation to a growing number of systems and services, the quest of legal liability emerges as an important component of the establishment of the GNSS business environment. Considering the current state of the art, the GNSS should be considered a component of the national infrastructure, along with the systems such as those for power distribution or the national airspace. Here we present a proposal for a legal liability scheme in the case of the GNSS failure, which is based on the spatial, technology and business environment shared liability. Reflecting the GNSS utilisation from the service provision perspective, this proposal requests the GNSS risks assessment, and mitigation plan to be prepared by the GNSS business environment stakeholders. Under the proposed scheme, the national regulatory agency and the service providers should take a portion of legal responsibility for provision of the guaranteed level of the GNSS positioning and timing service, thus allowing for sustained provision of the GNSS performance and the quality of GNSS-based services.


The calculus of variations is a field of mathematical analysis born in 1687 with Newton's problem of minimal resistance, which is concerned with the maxima or minima of integral functionals. Finding the solution of such problems leads to solving the associated Euler–Lagrange equations. The subject has found many applications over the centuries, e.g., in physics, economics, engineering and biology. Up to this moment, however, the theory of the calculus of variations has been confined to Newton's approach to calculus. As in many applications negative values of admissible functions are not physically plausible, we propose here to develop an alternative calculus of variations based on the non-Newtonian approach first introduced by Grossman and Katz in the period between 1967 and 1970, which provides a calculus defined, from the very beginning, for positive real numbers only, and it is based on a (non-Newtonian) derivative that permits one to compare relative changes between a dependent positive variable and an independent variable that is also positive. In this way, the non-Newtonian calculus of variations we introduce here provides a natural framework for problems involving functions with positive images. Our main result is a first-order optimality condition of Euler–Lagrange type. The new calculus of variations complements the standard one in a nontrivial/multiplicative way, guaranteeing that the solution remains in the physically admissible positive range. An illustrative example is given.


A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of being a virtual participant via a conference app in two major family events at the height of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic


WT5HZ] Objective: [WT5BZ]To study the effect and side effects of Duodongning (DDN), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) granule in treating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). [WT5HZ]Methods:[WT5BZ] Double blind method was used to compare DDN with ritalin for ADHD in clinical practice from December 1995 to December 1996. The total number of cases was 70. [WT5HZ]Results:[WT5BZ] There were 37 cases in DDN group, with 17 cases (45.9%) markedly effective, 16 cases (43.2%) effective, the Conners hyperactive index (HI) 2.01±0.83 (before treatment), 1.17±0.76 (after 4 weeks' treatment); and there were 33 cases in the ritalin group, with 15 cases (45.5%) markedly effective, 14 cases (42.4%) effective, HI 2.07±0.91 (before treatment), 1.47±0.79 (after 4 weeks' treatment). Insignificant difference existed between the effectiveness in these 2 groups ( P 0.05). The chief side effects were 3 cases (8.1%) of anorexia in DDN group, and 7 cases (21.2%) in ritalin group. [WT5HZ]Conclusion:[WT5BZ] The effect of DDN is not significantly different from that of ritalin, and the side effects in ritalin group were more than those in DDN group. [WT5FZ]


Background Nutritional intervention with hydrolysed infant formulas has been shown efficacious in preventing eczema in children predisposed to allergy. However, this preventive effect has never been related to the natural course of eczema in children with or without a family history of allergy. The aim of this study therefore was to compare the course of eczema in predisposed children after nutritional intervention to the natural course of eczema.


Objective To evaluate intraluminal enucleation in transurethral vaporization and electro-resection of the prostate in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods Eighty-six cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia treated with intraluminal enucleation in transurethral vaporization and electro-resection of the prostate were reviewed retrospectively.The operation time.the surgery blood loss,transurethral resection syndrome(TURS) occurrence,postoperative bleeding,catheterization time,the difference of IPSS and quality of life(QOL) were observed.Results With the new procedure,the procedure had less operation time and less intraoperative blood loss,less postoperative bleeding and less bladder irrigation time,no transurethral resection syndrome(TURS) occurred,IPSS and QOL significantly improved.Conclusion Intraluminal enucleation in transurethral vaporization and electro-resection of the prostate is a practically feasible procedure in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.


Abstract—Recently we demonstrated that mechanical stress induces apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vein grafts (Mayr et al. FASEB J. 2000;15:261–270). The current study was designed to investigate molecular mechanisms of mechanical stretch–induced apoptosis. Smooth muscle cells cultivated on silicone elastomer plates precoated with collagen I, elastin, laminin, or Pronectin were subjected to cyclic mechanical stretch. Interestingly, in response to mechanical stress, the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly in cells growing on collagen I–coated plates but not on other matrixes. We therefore thought that receptors mediating binding to collagen I, such as integrin &bgr;1 containing receptors, might be involved in signaling pathways leading to stretch-induced apoptosis. On collagen plates, mechanical stress rapidly activated p38 MAPK that phosphorylated p53 in smooth muscle cells. Lack of functional Rac completely abrogated p38 MAPK-p53 activation as well as apoptosis. Furthermore, mechanical stress resulted in increases of both integrin &bgr;1 protein expression and activity as identified by Western blotting and Shc immunoprecipitation assays. Treatment with a &bgr;1-integrin–blocking antibody or integrin signaling inhibitor cytochalasin B but not growth factor receptor inhibitor suramin abrogated both stretch-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and p53 expression. Akin to the inhibition of p38 MAPK-p53 signaling, pretreatment with a &bgr;1-integrin–blocking antibody or cytochalasin B but not suramin inhibited stretch-induced apoptosis on collagen plates. These results suggest that mechanical stress–induced apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated by &bgr;1-integrin–rac–p38-p53 signaling pathways.


In case of induction hardening, the highly frequency generator make a shallow hardened zone. Additionally, hardening for smaller diameter specimen is enabled. In this study, the induction surface hardening process by the ultra high frequency generator of 2MHz, which had not used in the general conventional process, was developed. The specimen (6mm in diameter) was hardened using our developed device, under various conditions of generator voltage and specimen moving speed. Quenched specimens were evaluated by measuring residual stress distribution, cross-section observation, hardness distribution and distortion. As a result, one of heat treatment condition brought a good result; the depth of hardened zone was about 0.4mm, and the hardness was about 600HV near the surface. The deeper hardened zone specimens had compressive residual stress about –500MPa in the longitudinal direction at the surface. Moreover, it was decreased slightly from surface to center. However, in the hoop direction, compressive residual stress was about 0MPa. This anisotropy was caused large thermal stress, which was compared with the present induction hardening. Furthermore, the best result in 3mm diameter specimen had very shallow hardened zone that depth was about 0.09mm, and hardness was about 600HV near the surface.