Buildings with load-bearing structures made of hollow clay blocks with horizontal holes and cement-based mortar are quite common in Italy, yet the current design standards do not consider specific modeling issues to be addressed by practicing engineers. In the absence of peculiar specifications, the prescriptions given for ordinary masonry walls are thus commonly adopted. However, experimental tests proved that walls built with hollow brick masonry performed quite differently from ordinary masonry walls. Considering the in-plane flexural behavior under horizontal loads, unlike ordinary masonry walls that exhibit some ductility, this construction typology performs quite poorly, showing very little deformation capacity and ductility. In recent experimental campaigns, a brittle collapse mechanism was observed due to the toe crush, which entailed the inability of the wall to further withstand the vertical loads. In this paper, the effects of incorrect modeling choices on the characterization of the in-plane behavior of this construction typology and the consequences related to overestimating ductility are discussed; the effects of the reduced ductility on the reliability of the assessment of an existing building as well as on the conceptual design of possible structural retrofit measures are investigated. From the critical discussion, the need emerged to accurately model the in-plane flexural behavior and to update the code provisions to explicitly consider masonry walls with hollow clay bricks with horizontal holes.


The goal of the Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering (A&AE) senior aircraft design course is to provide a credible design experience producing a useful product, including propulsion systems, for industrial and governmental customers such as NASA, DARPA, and the USAF. As is the case with most engineering schools, the A&AE propulsion curriculum is heavily weighted toward theoretical content, contains a limited specialty area involving power systems, and does not easily allow for coursework directed at more applications based powerplant and propulsion design education. The goal of the Aviation Technology (AT) department is to provide education in engineering support and application skills. AT has historically provided a strong background in this area, but has had difficulty in integrating the applications knowledge with engineering design needs. To remedy these issues, the A&AE and AT departments have worked together to improve the design experience for all students by leveraging the engineering skills of the A&AE department and the powerplant resources of the AT department to provide a more complete capstone senior engineering design course. The result has been to provide designs that were more complete, innovative and focused on the customer.


Abstract To investigate the semantic memory organization of gender concepts, we used gender words to prime lexical decisions on stereotypically feminine and masculine adjectives (e.g., emotional and aggressive, respectively) in two experiments. Under certain conditions, gender primes facilitated performance on both stereotypically appropriate and inappropriate adjectives. Female subjects were facilitated when either the word woman or man primed stereotypically feminine adjectives. Male subjects were facilitated when the word male primed either stereotypically masculine or feminine adjectives (and they were inhibited when woman primed these adjectives, especially the masculine ones). These results suggest overlap in the memory representations of traits associated with the two genders.


Abstract The four possible tautomers of ascorbic acid were studied by the semiempirical MINDO/3 and MNDO methods. The most stable tautomer 1 corresponds to that identified in solution and solid state by the 13C-NMR and X-ray techniques, respectively. Its estimated structural parameters are in reasonable agreement with data obtained by the combined use of X-ray and neutron dif fraction methods. The MNDO bond angles exhibit a dramatic improvement over the MINDO/3 ones. The most acidic proton corresponds to the O-H bond attached to the ring in the immediate neighbourhood of the side chain.


Industrial gas turbine manufacturers began offering engines configured with dry low emissions (DLE) control in 1992. In the past ten years the performance and emissions reductions have been well demonstrated by DLE equipment. To date DLE gas turbines have relied on lean premixed combustion technology to achieve emissions reductions of 8 to 10 fold from "conventional" diffusion flame engines. The significant new content incorporated for DLE combustion systems has required industrial gas turbine manufacturers and users to work with greater synergy to overcome significant challenges. As evidence of this ultimately successful integration, DLE gas turbines are now as common in service as conventional diffusion flame engines. With thousands of DLE units sold one would expect that DLE gas turbines are now a mature product. In many aspects, this is true. However, emissions regulations and other market drivers have continued to change, forcing DLE equipment to continually evolve. A Solar history of DLE gas turbine developments, capabilities, and experiences are provided to give operators background and knowledge to reduce field issues and maximize availability of their DLE gas turbines. Design limitations and problems encountered in the field are discussed along with the steps that were taken to resolve them. Recommendations on DLE engine operation to avoid unscheduled downtime are presented. Design improvements to reduce emissions further and improve system flexibility are summarized.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


Howard Zucker, M.D., J.D., senior adviser in the Division of Global Health and Human Rights at Massachusetts General Hospital presented a lecture on March 9, 2011 from 12:00 pm - 01:00 pm in the Klaus Advanced Computing Building, Room 1116E.


An Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is an important component of radioelectronic equipment, which realizes transformation of the electric power of a net into the electric power with arguments that provide normal operation of equipment. The contemporary topologies used for the construction of a UPS are standby, linearly-on-line, double conversion, and delta-transformation. Comparative analysis of these topologies and their main disadvantages are given.


The planing and production scheduling allows to determine how the diverser resources of the company should be asigned for the eficient production of a particular good or service satisfying demand. The purpose of this paper is to design a tool that allows improvement plan, schedule and control the production of the VERNEY JIMENEZ´s PYME so as to increase their productivity. To carry out the research was conducted visits to the company and literary research to obtain data necessary for the development of the proposal in an excel template. Further characterization is to establish production processes and diagnosis focused on the production system. To plan, schedule and control the production is necessary to know the historical demand for a time series analysis to select the appropriate method of forecasting, just as it must perform a characterization of the production processes in order standardize the work. Finally apply the enhancement tool that will allow improving the production system for the PYME.


Based on Ma Steel quality management current status and future needs,using the ERP quality management principles,starting from quality plan,quality inspection,quality control,a integrated system with production,sales,procurement,logistics modules is formed.This system can realize and optimize the QM functions in ERP for Ma Steel,and with the three tier subsystems such as MES(manufacturing execution system),LES(logistics execution system),and QS(quality system),to achieve quality plan integration in SAP data management and inspection and recording of results for inspection point automation.Not only guarantee the quality of the product,but also avoid the mass of business data on the R/3 system performance.And will play a central role even more important about to improve the competitiveness of enterprises.


Fluids were given, not by vein, but by Murphy drip and hot packs were standard treatment in nephritis. But the small, tender rewards that arc peculiar to nursing were much the same as now.


Abstract : Examines the U.S.-West German effort to collaborate in the development of main battle tanks. The effort begain in 1963 with the MBT-70 program, an ambitious cooperative attempt to develop a single tank. Because the two armies could not reconcile their differing concepts of tanks and tank warfare, this effort produced a complex and expensive tank and increasing duplicative development work in each nation. In 1969 the program was abandoned and each nation set about developing its own tank. Collaboration was suggested again in 1973, this time as an effort either to sell West Germany's Leopard II to the U.S. Army or to trade components across ongoing national development programs. The latter effort produced an agreement to mount the German 102mm gun on later versions of the U.S. XM-1 tank, but this amount of collaboration succeeded only after substantial political debate in the Congress. The note discusses major impediments to collaboration in these cases, and suggests strategies for future collaboration on armored vehicles. (Author)


Like all historical sites in Mesopotamia emerged to serve the Humanity all over the world, Baghdad stands on the top of cities giving an excellent example of the dramatic development through decades. The city which stands on the river Tigris and not far away from Babylon faced multi-faceted transformation procedures in the physical and cultural environment due to natural and political issues. Baghdad city has a lot of urban features which belong to different historical periods. The transformation from a circular fortification city to organic pattern reflects the local contents of physical and socio-economic characteristics. The city kept its compact structure till the beginning of British colonial period in 1917. The inner shape and urban components started to change until we reach a very critical situation nowadays. Today this city faces urban decay and segregation due to the uncontrolled planning policies and started to lose its bright heritage architecture and urban fabric in severe way especially after three grinding wars.


The organic thin film transistor and provides a method of manufacturing the same. The organic thin film transistor has a gate electrode disposed on the substrate and the substrate. A gate insulating film on the gate electrode having a layered structure of the inorganic gate insulating film and an organic gate insulating film is located. And the organic semiconductor layer that overlaps the gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film. Therefore, the reduction at the same time as having a flexibility, the leakage current, it is possible to implement an organic thin film transistor having a low threshold voltage. The organic thin film transistor, the organic semiconductor layer, the organic gate insulating film


ABSTRACT The world's two largest developing economies, China and India are considering positive negotiations on the Free Trade Agreement, which would pave the way for more trade and a new breakthrough in ties. In this context, the present paper using trade indicators explore, that India and China are in between the ideal trading partners and perfect competitors and the trade relationship between the two economies is more intense than the world average for the partner. A partial equilibrium approach based on highly disaggregated trade data shows that in a scenario where China and India completely open up its markets, there could be huge potential to create an impact on trade and welfare in their specific areas where they enjoy a comparative advantage.


Sm: A lively interest has developed across Canada in the history of medicine in general and in the history of Canadian psychiatry in particular. The Canadian Psychiatric Association has established a Committee on the History of Psychiatry which is now attempting to prepare a comprehensive bibliography. We would like to request the co-operation of your readers in helping us to obtain information about books, articles, including unpublished theses, etc., dealing with this topic. Detailed information or even vague references would be most welcome. They


Tissue engineering skin is now the most successful tissue engineering equipment. Many kinds of tissue engineering skin have been put into clinic in many countries and obtain good results. This paper introduce the use and postoperate treatment of the engineering skin.


ABSTRACT Introduction The effects of temperature have largely been under-examined in climate change studies. This study examines both direct and indirect effects of temperature on environmental degradation using the sample of 103 middle-income countries from 1985 to 2019. Unlike previous studies in which a single equation approach is utilized, our study considers the simultaneous equations modelling to examine the energy-growth-environment nexus incorporating temperature and corruption. The difference and system generalized method of moments estimations for panel data are used. Outcomes Empirical results from this paper confirm both the direct and indirect effects (via energy consumption) of temperature on environmental degradation. We find corruption harms economic growth in middle-income countries. The continued use of fossil fuel energy in energy consumption deteriorates environmental quality. Our findings confirm the critical role of the services sector in supporting economic growth and reducing emerging consumption, leading to increased environmental quality. Conclusion Findings from our study reconfirm the vital role of renewable energy and its extended use in achieving dual objectives of supporting economic growth and improving the environmental quality in middle-income countries.


Abstract Analysis of large eddy simulation data reveals that Langmuir circulation (LC) induces a significant enhancement of the mixed layer deepening, only if the mixed layer depth (MLD) h is shallow and the buoyancy jump across it ΔB is small, when simulations are initiated by applying the wind stress to a motionless mixed layer with stratification. The difference in the entrainment rate between the cases with and without LC decreases with hΔB/υL2, where υL is the velocity scale of LC. The ratio of the mixing length scale l between the cases with and without LC is close to 1 for larger Rt [=(Nl0/q)2; Rt > ∼1], but it increases to above 10 with the decrease of Rt, where N is the Brunt–Vaisala frequency and q and l0 are the velocity and length scales of turbulence in the homogeneous layer. It is also found that, in the presence of LC, the effect of stratification on vertical mixing should be parameterized in terms of Rt instead of Ri (=(N/S)2), because velocity shear S is no longer a dominant source of tur...


Constructing specific delays on a chip is a difficult task for deep-sub-micron technology, which is the issue this paper targets to resolve. An extreme low-power delay element with post-chip adjustment feature is introduced. Our initial intention was to develop this delay element for self-timed datapath components at the first place. Surprisingly, we found this design is also suitable for many other applications with low power requirement. In addition to the tunable behavior, a postchip delay adjustment feature is implemented this time. Besides, the circuit itself also demonstrates valuable characteristics such as well adjustment to the operating temperature disparity on the delay and the technology variation-tolerant nature. Excluding the current-mirror circuitry, the proposed tunable delay element consumes approximately equal average power to a 4-stage minimum size inverter chain. All arguments are verified with cautiously setup post-layout simulation using TSMC 0.35μm technology.


Auxetic materials exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio behavior that makes them useful for a variety of structural applications by virtue of their ability to counterintuitively deform due to a reentrant cellular structure. This property allows the cellular material to expand laterally when pulled in the longitudinal direction or, conversely, contract laterally when compressed, with the manner of deformation of the internal structure depending upon the configuration of the cellular structure. The purpose of this research was to develop carbon black nanoparticle-reinforced natural rubber vulcanizates and to investigate the effects of carbon black reinforcement on the mechanical behavior of an idealized auxetic foam structure using modeling and numerical simulation techniques. This has been achieved by mechanically characterizing vulcanized natural rubber of various nanoparticle loadings and then using the test data to perform finite element (FE) simulations on the foam models. Material models have been developed in the FE simulation software ANSYS by curve fitting experimental data (hyperelastic) to theoretical material models. Large deformation analysis of this foam structure has been carried out to determine structural reorganizations and negative Poisson's ratio effect in the foam structure.


Due to the fuzzy of the evaluation information,a kind of new group evaluation method based on TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)and hybrid indicators is presented to determine the order of the E-business websites.The real number,interval number,triangle fuzzy value and linguistic are used to express and aggregate the evaluation information in this method.Finally,a numerical example is used to illustrate the feasibility,accuracy and effectiveness.


Recent advances in trace gas species sensing using nanotechnology show great promise for detecting chemical species by the principle of chemiresistivity. This principle measures changes in resistance associated with the adsorption of chemical species onto nanomaterials. Existing chemiresistive sensors are limited in sensitivity and selectivity and typically operate in mild environment. The goal of this proposed work is to understand and tailor the performance of trace gas species nanomonitors in terms of sensitivity; specificity and stability using nanoporous ceramic and metal doped ceramic membranes supported on microelectrode arrays (MEA). The nanoporous pseudo-membrane behaves as a series of interconnected resistors resulting in signal amplification, thereby enhancing the nanomonitor sensitivity. The material chemistry and particle-pore characteristics of the nanoporous composite are designed to achieve the specificity and stability in the extreme environment. We address multi-disciplinary issues such as device design and fabrication as well as nanomaterials synthesis and processing to successfully develop the proposed nanomonitoring technology. These sensors have a wide range of applications: power conversion, energy storage, and energy harvesting devices all require sensors for optimization and reliable performance.


Production of hybrids seed is technically similar to production of a breeder's seed of Open Pollinated Varieties. All agronomic management are carried out at each critical stage to maintain and preserve genetic purity and morphological homogeneity. Particularly in producing hybrids seed, carefully arrange nicking-time of both parent lines is essential. Research on the effect of three-way cross hybrid towards seed yield and quality was carried out at two sites in Labuan Toposo, Donggala, Central Sulawesi and in Al Qomar Farmers Group, Takalar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia from August to December 2010. Treatments are differences of female single-cross (BIMA-5) planting days prior to male inbred line (MAL-01), i.e. 3 days, 4 days, and 5 days, with exception for Takalar site used 6 days instead of 5 days. Results shows that 3 days female planting gave the highest seed yield in Donggala (4,85 t ha-1) also in Takalar (3,04 t ha-1). Which mean 3 days is the best treatment to obtain full synchronization of flowering, thus gives optimum yield for this three-way cross hybrid. Seed quality evaluation was carried out at ICERI's Seed Testing Laboratory, and the results shows that seed harvested from Donggala are more vigourus and viable. Also quality in term of electrical conductivity seed from Donggala have low conductance compared to Takalar site, which mean there was no leaching of seed organic substances thus seed are highly viable.


This bibliographic study aims to investigate aspects that influence the constitution and modification of the mathematics teachers' practice. By carrying out two searches on the Capes Periodicals Portal, one with the terms future teacher and mathematics and the other with teacher practice and mathematics, 24 articles were selected whose inductive analysis of keywords and objectives gave rise to three themes: i) Pre-service and In-service teacher education; ii) Collaborative environments; and iii) Didactic and technological resources. The results suggest that collaborative environments, in which teachers and prospective teachers can interact and share knowledge, beliefs and experiences, compose the essence of the processes of constitution and change of the teacher's practice. It is concluded, therefore, that collaborative actions should be promoted in the initial and continuing education of Mathematics teachers, because they allow us to rethink aspects of teaching practice and the very meaning of Mathematics, in a social perspective of professional teaching learning.


We propose a marketplace where multiple network operators coexisting on the same passive optical network (PON) infrastructure can share their excess capacity. We designed a double auction to assure efficient allocation of optical access capacity.


It is a thought-provoking novel where Sun-won Hwang, who devoted 50 years of his writing career to probe for the meaning of life and being, gives his unique insight into the root and order of life. The theme is that all of us head for our own life goals, which is what life is all about, thereby fulfilling the purpose of being. Life is, in the end, the upward interaction between our intrinsic desire to satisfy human needs and the instinct of self realization. The author recognizes life as an eternal process. Although based on ethical cognition, it provides a new framework of perceiving life as it is a fundamental way-out from the vices of the modern world. Life as a process can lead people to contemplate the true sense of existence and enjoy a mature life. Given today's ever growing feeling of individualism and alienation, it can serve as a refreshing message.


Not only two world premieres (not merely premiere recordings) but the liner notes give new information on the songs, especially on the original version of 'Sea Pictures', here recorded for the first time.


The process of expanded polystyene production consists of two main steps,
the polymerization of styrene and impregnation of polystyene with pentane.
Polymerization of styrene takes place in a stirred tank reactor with semi batch
process at constant temperature (90oC) and pressure 1 atm. Impregnation of
polystyene with pentane is carried out in a batch reactor at temperature 90oC and
pressure 7 atm.
The expanded polystyrene plant with the capacity of 40,000 tonnes/year will
be built in Cilegon, Banten, which is considered as raw material oriented plant. The
plant needs area 5 hectares and 165 employees. Plant location is close to the sea, so
that water for plant utility unit utilizes seawater. The expanded polystyene
production requires styrene 46802,8 tonnes/year, polyvinyl alcohol 219,1
tonnes/year, pentane 13641,4 tonnes/year, and benzoyl peroxide 6,9 tonnes/year.
The required utilities are process water 227.364 tonnes/year, cooling water
1.703.476,6620 tonnes/year, steam 444.040,8345 tonnes/year, fuel oil 26.117,0655
and 792.000 m3/year of instrument air.
Based on economic analysis with the price of monomer styrene $1,000/ton
and expanded polystyene product $1,800/ton, the expanded polystyene plant has
fixed capital $ 6,975,913.05 + Rp 106.903.419.500,00 and working capital
$ 12,293,571.35 + Rp 3.131.917.300,00. At 100% production rate, obtained ROI
before tax of 34,64 %, ROI after tax of 17,32 %, POT before tax of 2,24 years, POT
after tax of 3,66 years, with BEP at 40,10%, SDP at 24,26 %, and 36,70 % for
DCFRR. Based on consideration of the economic evaluation results, this expanded
polystyene plant with capacity 40.000 tonnes / year is worth to be studied further.


Abstract The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D : 4D) is a well-studied sexual dimorphism that likely arises as a result of prenatal androgenic effects on homeobox gene expression. This dimorphism has been found to exhibit interesting phylogenetic patterns in which females have larger ratios than males among most mammalian species and males have larger ratios than females in most avian and reptilian species. Digit ratio has not been measured in more basal taxa such as amphibians. In this study, 2D : 4D and snout–vent length (SVL) were measured in 40 male and 44 female adult Oophaga [=Dendrobates] pumilio frogs to investigate the existence and patterning of sexual dimorphism. The 2D : 4D of the rear feet varied significantly by sex with males having a larger ratio than females. The digit ratio of the front feet did not differ between the sexes. SVL or its interaction with sex did not affect 2D : 4D on any of the feet. These results indicate that 2D : 4D in an anuran is both sexually dimorphic and follows a pattern between the sexes similar to that of diapsid species. A potential application of 2D : 4D to environmental monitoring is also discussed.


Aim: The effectiveness of nutritional supplementation on drug-seeking behavior of amphetamine-addicted rats during withdrawal was investigated using a biased conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Method: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats exhibiting baseline preference for the black chamber during a 20-minute pre-conditioning exploration of the CPP box completed the study. On alternate days of an 8-day schedule, twelve rats (Group AMP) were randomly selected, given either amphetamine sulfate (5 mg/ml, i.p.) and confined to the white chamber; or vehicle (1 ml saline, i.p.) and confined to the black chamber. A significant increased percentage time spent and number of entries made by Group AMP to the drug-paired, white chamber on the test day confirmed amphetamine addiction. Group AMP subsequently received increasing doses of amphetamine over 6 days. Following acute drug withdrawal, their CPP performance was compared with that of vehicle treated rats (Group SAL). Groups AMP and SAL were equally divided and randomly assigned to animals fed chow reconstituted with the nutritional supplement (AMP-S and SAL-S) over 8 weeks or standard rat chow (AMP-N and SAL-N). CPP performances for all rats were determined blindly from video recordings following this period. Results: Nutritionally supplemented, amphetamine withdrawn rats (AMP-S) exhibited significantly decreased percentage entries and time spent in the white chamber (p < 0.05), indicating preference for the black chamber and diminished drug-seeking behavior. ANOVA revealed that after 8 weeks of dietary supplementation, AMP-S rats behaved like drug-na?ve, control animals. Conclusion: Drug-seeking behavior by amphetamine-addicted animals was eliminated after treatment with a nutritionally supplemented diet.


The article deals with the problems of corporate governance in business associations with state share. The author reveals various shortcomings in the current system of state property management. Among them: the deformed structure of the state corporate rights; the vertical of state corporate rights failing to cover the grassroots level; administrative methods of dividend policy and unconstructive investment policy of the state regarding business associations with state share. The efficiency of the management of state corporate rights is considered. It is established that out of 140 companies that were under the management of the State Property Fund and whose state share in the charter capital exceeded 50 percent, 66 entities (47.1%) were under the bankruptcy procedure. Management of the rest of the business associations with state share was efficient only in 7 companies (11%), satisfactory - in 9 (14%); unsatisfactory - 48 (or 75%), and 18 companies (28.1%) did not work. A number of measures aimed to improve the management of state corporate rights are suggested. They include: exemption of authorized state bodies of extrinsic functions of operational management of state corporate rights; the delegation of management of controlling stakes to state holding companies (sectoral and cross-sectoral ones) and the State Agency of Ukraine for State Corporate Rights and Property; passing state-owned shares that are not in demand by buyers to charter capitals of specially created state corporate investment funds (SCIF) in exchange for shares of such SCIFs with subsequent transfer of these assets to the management of professional asset management companies (AMCs) for sale or management; application of the general procedure of calculation and payment of dividends to corporate rights owned by the state, implementation of "golden share" in corporate governance practices of privatization objects with state-owned shares; and giving state companies the right to make additional share issue amounting to no more than 33% of the charter capital in order to attract private investment in the internal development.


Most existing maintenance of traffic (MOT) training programs are designed for long-term roadway construction projects or specific incident responders. However, successful traffic incident management on interstate and access-limited highways requires a swift, consistent and practical MOT setup by all incident responders to ensure their safety and the mobility of motorists through incident locations. Sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration and the Florida Department of Transportation, the Center for Urban Transportation Research at the University of South Florida has developed a comprehensive and integrated MOT training program. The project team first obtained and reviewed available MOT and incident management training materials throughout the country. A preliminary and integrated MOT training program for incident responders was then developed. To meet practical needs among all incident responders, a MOT training advisory group for incident responders was assembled with representatives from major incident-responding agencies in Florida. Based on the active discussion and valuable input from advisory group members through three separate meetings, the MOT training program was developed with the full support of all incident-responding agencies. The MOT training program was further revised based on the feedback obtained from a pilot training class. This paper describes the importance of the MOT training program for incident responders. The process of program development and highlights of each training module are clearly presented. This MOT training program offers a comprehensive, integrated and practical MOT training material to improve the safety of incident responders and the mobility of motorists passing through incident locations.


The structure of the polymer rib optical waveguide is designed by using effective index method(EIM),and the mode field distribution in these waveguides is analyzed to determine the suitable structural size range.For this rib waveguide realized by photo-induced bleaching,two kinds of polymer materials,PMMA and PDMS,are chosen as the core layer and the cladding layer respectively.Firstly with EIM,the influence of the relationship between the rib width w and height d on the normalized dispersion curve and the effect of refractive index matching are studied.Then,the base mode field in the waveguide is analyzed to discuss the transmission loss.It has been found that the larger the size ratio w/d of the PMMA rib waveguide is,the greater its effective index n_(eff)becomes.But this structure size should be limited in certain range,otherwise very large transmission loss would result.


Through engineering practices, the paper introduces two kinds of construction methods in detail, i.e. the prestress technique out of structure body and the precast of prestressed concrete members. They are valuable to be popularized for reinforce of structure and reform of engineering projects.


ABSTRACT Pasture mitigation strategies are needed to reduce the negative effects of nitrate (NO3−) leaching from intensive pastoral livestock production systems. We explored the capability of pasture grasses with different cool season (winter–early spring) growth rates to reduce NO3− leaching and increase N uptake. Following a single urine application of 700 kg N ha−1, NO3− leaching loss and N uptake by Italian ryegrass and four perennial ryegrass cultivars of varying seasonal growth (heading dates from –7 to +20 days), either undersown with/without Italian ryegrass, were quantified in a 12 month lysimeter study. Italian ryegrass cv. Tabu had lower NO3−–N leaching loss and drainage, and greater N uptake and DM yield than perennial ryegrass varieties. Italian ryegrass total N leaching loss (143 kg N ha−1 yr−1) was 46–33% less (P < .05) than early and mid-season maturing Tyson, Arrow and AberDart perennial ryegrass. Italian ryegrass total N uptake (463 kg N ha−1) was 1.2–1.4 times greater than all other grass sward types. Overall, perennial ryegrass pure swards had similar N uptake and N leaching. Late-season maturing One 50 perennial ryegrass showed significantly reduced (P < .05) total N leaching loss. Undersowing Italian ryegrass into established perennial ryegrass swards resulted in lower NO3− leaching and greater N uptake than non-undersown perennial ryegrass swards, though not significant. Results confirm Italian ryegrass is a useful pasture grass option for reducing annual N leaching loss. Cool season perennial ryegrass varieties appear not to influence soil N uptake and leaching loss.


A survey of Hisar city revealed that there were 43 raw meat shops/outlets and 72% of these shops were set up during the preceding 10 years. The area of the shop/outlet ranged between 64–325 square feet with an average of 123 square feet. All these shops had cemented/pucca floor. 84% of the shopkeepers/butchers were either illiterate or primary pass only. Animals/birds were slaughtered and sold in the same shop in 98% of the cases and the total sale of meat per day was 1363.5, 307.5, 150.0 and 25.0 kg for poultry, goat, pig and fish, respectively. Out of offals only goatskin, skull and hooves were sold; other offals were thrown away. Only 7% of the shops had a wire gauge door and the average personal hygiene was Moderately Good to Good while the equipments and shop hygiene was Neither Good nor Bad to Moderately Good. The total average investment on an outlet (excluding land) was equal to 550.0% and monthly rent was 21.64% of sale proceeds of one day. 16% of shopkeepers had ownership of the shop and 84% were tenants. 86% of the shops were registering increase in their business.


The main issue addressed in this paper is the design and implementation of an Advanced Digital Image Repository, which offers specialized services and a Dedicated User Interface for the protection and management of the Intellectual Property Rights of digitized material. In addition, another main research area of this contribution is the implementation of a Web Based Library, supported by advanced technologies, for the proper presentation of the digital cultural content. The work described in this contribution focuses on digitized material of the Hellenic Cultural Heritage. It has been carried out as part of the PRAXITELIS Project, which was presented during the Culture Track of the WWW9 Conference in Amsterdam [5]. This project is focusing on countering "electronic theft" and protecting the copyright of digital surrogates of photographs of artifacts, monuments and sites.


ELISpot assay. The Borgo strain, isolated inCorsica (France), was previously shown to behighly virulent in dogs in several independentchallenge experiments [1]. A first dog was infec-ted intravenously by extemporaneously thawedinfected dog peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) previously stored in liquid nitrogen.Infected blood of this dog, which rapidly devel-oped E. canis-associated clinical signs, was used asa fresh challenge material to infect two otherhealthy dogs. Both dogs were treated by 10 mg⁄kgtwice a day of doxycycline for 21 days.Clinical, haematological and biochemical sur-veys were carried out during the acute phase ofthe disease. Clinical appearance confirmed a highlevel of pathogenicity of the Borgo 89 E. canisstrain. Both dogs developed an acute ehrlichiosis,characterised by a peak of hyperthermia (temper-ature over 40 C), anorexia and pale mucusbetween days 11 and 13 post-infection. Haemato-logical examination showed variable anaemia 3days after the peak of hyperthermia. For one ofthe dogs, the hematocrite decreased to 24%on day 15 post-infection. Both dogs showed aleucopoenia at the peak of the disease. Thisleucopoenia appeared at the same time as athrombocytopenia. Serum protein electrophoresisrevealed a hypoproteinaemia added to a hypoal-buminaemia at the peak of the disease. Moreover,electrophoresis showed a small increase of b and cglobulins [2]. Both of the dogs were positive whentested by indirect immunofluorescence (morethan 1⁄40) from day 10 post-infection. Overall,the development of an acute canine ehrlichiosiswas confirmed [3].Blood was collected at day 11 post-infectionand PBMCs were isolated. Purified cells wereseeded at a concentration of 5.10


The system includes a plurality of receptacles serially connected one to the other between a gas pressure source, for example air or CO2 under pressure, and a dispensing faucet. Each receptacle includes a cup-shaped body having a cover with an opening. In one form, a valve member is slidably mounted in the opening. The member has a pair of discrete side-by-side passages terminating at their upper ends in a funnel which receives the neck of a bottle inverted over the receptacle. The passages terminate at their lower ends in inclined laterally projecting passageways. The valve member is movable from a first normally closed position into a second valve open position by downward pressure on the inverted bottle which is maintained by a leaf spring bearing against the bottom of the inverted bottle. Gas under pressure flows through one of the passages into the bottle and liquid under pressure flows through the other passage into the receptacle for communication with the dispensing faucet. In another form, a transition member comprised of a resilient stopper having a pair of axially extending passages and a pair of oppositely directed frustoconical surfaces is interposed between each inverted container and the opening in the cover of the corresponding receptacle. The container neck and the margins about the receptacle opening seal about the respective frustoconical surfaces whereby liquid under pressure is directed solely into the receptacle. A check valve is interposed between each pair of serially connected receptacles to prevent reverse flow. The serially connected receptacles are provided for dispensing different liquids. Valves provide measured pours of liquid from the faucets. The quantity of liquid dispensed for each pour can be selected among a number of predetermined quantities. Counters are provided for counting each measured pour.


BRICS is a strategic economic group of five emerging economies, namely: Brazil, Russia, China, India and South Africa. BRICS has come up as an influential group. The group has bearing effect on the global economy and economic issues. The group accounted for 27 percent of the global GDP, 40 percent of the world total population and about 30 percent of the land. In addition, the group further constituted 18 percent of the world total FDI inflows. Intra-BRICS trade amounted to US $ 228 billion. This statistics itself indicates how significant and strategic group the BRICS is. With these vital strategic facts, the present paper analyzes the role and contribution of BRICS to the global economy. The paper suggests some guideposts for enhancing the existing role of the economic group in the coming years of the 21st century


The performance of a vector processor accessing vectors is strongly dependent on the conflicts produced in the memory subsystem. These conflicts delay the job of the functional units. Conflicts named linked conflict and complex conflicts interfere the steady-state performance in complex memory systems (CRAY X-MP).This paper proposes a method to access vector streams that reduces the average memory access time in vector processors with complex memory systems.


Chronic pain is a kind of disease which seriously affects human health and daily life, but the peripheral molecular mechanism underlying its development is unclear yet. A recent study assessed the important role of TRPM2 in the production of inflammatory and neuropathic pains. With the review of related literatures, we discussed the potential properties of TRPM2 accordingly.


The blackboard may hold a time-honored place in the classroom, but for videocassette courses a properly integated computer graphics display is vastly superior


We propose the optimum design of high spatial density few-mode multicore fiber (MCF) for repeated space-division multiplexed (SDM) transmission. Numerical analyses reveal that a hexagonally arranged six-mode seven-core structure is potentially better than the other possibility, the six-mode multicore structure, in terms of realizing high spatial density and low mode-dependent loss (MDL) characteristics at the splice point; its benefits will enable us to construct long-haul dense SDM transmission links. We fabricate a 171 μm cladding six-mode seven-core fiber and successfully demonstrate low loss, differential mode delay (DMD), crosstalk, and splice-induced MDL characteristics while maintaining the relative core multiplicity factor of more than 50. Finally, we demonstrate repeated optical 12 × 12 MIMO transmission of more than 100 km using our six-mode MCF and erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).


The CdSe/ZnS semiconductor quantum dots incorporated into organic polymer thin films have been successfully fabricated and the optical properties are precisely determined.


Most of the existing technologies in terms of conventional heating and ventilation systems in buildings are designed without taking into account energy-efficient consideration has led to large wasteful amount of energy loss. Furthermore, in a modern building, ventilation losses may become more than 50% of total thermal losses [1]. In order to overcome this problem, recently researchers have focused on the development of an advanced system by integrating heat or energy recovery with low carbon technologies such as wind-catcher, solar panel, evaporative cooling and so on [2], [3] and [4]. Therefore, the challenge nowadays is to develop an energy-efficient system which can make a big contribution to CO2 emission reduction and energy conservation specifically for building applications. In relation to that, this chapter presents a study on the technological development and experimental works of an integrated system of two major working units; heat recovery and wind-catcher which were combined together to establish a potential energy-efficient system for building applications. The desire was to have an integrated system operating at low energy with use of low carbon technologies based on new materials and methods. The system was investigated in a large-scale model under laboratory conditions. The chapter also discusses system description, experimental installations and results gained. From the study, it was found that the combination of wind-catcher with heat recovery unit helped to assist airflow in and out of the integrated system. In addition, the integration of wind-catcher with heat recovery unit contributed to a decreasing of incoming warm air temperature. Thus, generally it can be said that from the beginning point warm air entered the system and until supplied to the room, drops of temperature were gained. This concludes that wind-catcher and heat recovery unit themselves contributed to the decreasing of incoming warm air temperatures as a result of heat transfer between air and material surfaces. Main conclusion that can be drawn from the results obtained during this investigation was that the integrated heat recovery system associated with wind-catcher, allowed part of the energy from the return airflow to be recovered and thus improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact. In long term, it also has the ability to be cost effective in terms of energy saving.


This research was aimed to analyze the influence of product quality and price on the costumer's stay decision. The population in this research was Park Hotel's Jakarta customer. The samples were determined based on accidental sampling method technique. Data were collected by using questionnaires, there were 100 questionnaires distributed in Park Hotel's Jakarta customer who stay between December 2019 – January 2020. Data were processed using multiple regression analysis supported by SPSS v.22 for windows. The result of this research showed that in costumer stay decision and simultaneously product quality and price have effect on Costumer Stay Decision, with the statistic of product quality (X1) affect the decision to stay (Y) at Park Hotel Jakarta, with the ability of the variable quality of the product to explain the stay decision of 6.03%. Price (X2) affects the stay decision (Y) at Park Hotel Jakarta, with the variable price ability to explain the stay decision of 6.62%. Product Quality (X1) and Price (X2) combined simultaneously found that there was a real influence of the three variables simultaneously to determine the decision to stay (Y) at Park Hotel Jakarta with a contribution of 24.01%.


Abstract Waking from a vivid dream, the sage finds himself lost between worlds of possibility and ultimately transformed. Zhuangzi's famous butterfly story may seem familiar, but the text-linguistic structures of its broader interpretive context are little discussed and poorly understood. In this paper I argue that the Qíwùlùn 齊物論 chapter, like so many other ancient writings, is composed in a concentric, chiastic pattern, with sections in each half mirroring each other throughout, while the central sections provide a pivotal peak and interpretive key that radiate meaning back out to the margins. To quote Mary Douglas, "the meaning is in the middle." The middle is also the place of Peircean Thirdness. In this paper I map the chapter's text-level chiastic structures and trace its intimations of Peircean semiotic pragmatism. The core rings of the text endorse contrite fallibilism while also prefiguring triadic structure, the pragmatic maxim, and the continuity thesis. Referencing cultural and historical contexts plus recent scholarship on Zhuangzi and Peirce, I ultimately argue that this ancient text, like the pragmatist semiotic it foreshadows, can be better appreciated and applied by embracing the interplay of centers and margins, discarding debilitating ideologies, and waking up to new degrees of freedom.


The latest changes in the algorithm for the formation of the international atomic time scale TAI are reported in terms of estimating the weights of the clocks involved in the formation of TAI. Studies of the characteristics of the long-term instability of new-generation hydrogen masers based on processing the results of the clock frequency difference with respect to TAI are performed. It has been confirmed that at present, new-generation hydrogen masers show significantly less long-term instability in comparison with quantum frequency standards ofsimilar and other types.


Panel (4, 5) for a mattress (1) comprising a first and second fabric layers (11, 12) joined together along their edges and a filler material between said fabrics, said filling material comprising at least a layer of resilient foam (9), said layer of padded foam (13) being between said first and second fabric layers (11, 12), characterized in that said at least one resilient foam layer a) is a latex foam provided with through holes (10); b) the ratio of the thickness s of said resilient foam layer of latex having through holes and the total thickness S of said filler material between said fabric layers ranges from 0.5 to 1; c) the density of said latex foam layer is between 35 and 150 Kg / m3; d) the thickness of said latex foam layer is between 10 and 40 mm; e) said layer of latex foam (9) with through holes (10) is cut horizontally as single layer from a portion of a body of cellular latex foam provided with cavities (3), originating said through holes (10) by said cavities (3) by projections molded.


Abstract First chemical synthesis of 3′-O-1,2,3-triazolyl-guanosine-5′-O-monophosphate by copper catalyzed click chemistry is described. The present cycloaddition reaction involves, in situ generation of azide from the corresponding bromide followed by copper catalyst cycloaddition with 3′-O-propargyl guanosine monophosphate in water, in the presence of catalytic amount of β-cyclodextrin. The CuAAC reaction is highly regioselective forming 1,4-cycloadduct with good yield and high purity. The final compound, 3′-O -triazole substituted guanosine monophosphate has the potential to use in various biomolecules such as labeled nucleic acids, mRNA dinucleotide cap analogs for molecular biology and their applications in the therapeutic field.


It has been 100 years since the discovery of superconductor in 1911.In this paper,we give a brief introduction of three prizes in the field of superconductivity: Matthias prize,Bardeen prize and Onnes prize.These prizes award physicists who had made outstanding contributions on the discovery of superconductors,developing theory of superconductivity and illuminating the nature of superconductivity from experiment.Up to now,there are already 35 physicists awarded.


The kinetic properties of electron capture in solid dielectric under strong electrical field are studied with surface potential measurementin this paper. With respect to the different mechanisms of carrier injection by the field, the authors take thermal emission and impact ionization into account, respectively. The improved first-order capture kinetic equations can explain qualitatively the processes of electron capture and the variation of the steady-state values captured by traps with the fields. It is found that in the range approaching the field of breakdown, the electrons in the conduction band will collide with the trapped, resulting in the trapped electrons detrapping. Once the detrapping reaches a certain value, breakdown occurs.


This chapter summarizes the leadership discourses, and show how they relate to each other and to leadership practice. It is important to highlight that while these discourses emerged at different social and economic periods, each are now familiar and have become normative. Each discourse dominated a historical period, in contemporary organizations, each one has its strengths and weaknesses. Each discourse may stand alone and dominate different sectors and organizations, but they also co-exist, within organizations and within individual leaders and leadership teams. However, one discourse is usually dominant in any given situation at any given time. In leadership practice, co-existence usually means one of two things:


Few studies have considered etiological differences across molecular subtypes of prostate cancer, despite potential to improve opportunities for precision prevention of a disease for which modifiable risk factors have remained elusive. Factors that lead to DNA double‐strand breaks, such as oxidative stress, may promote the formation of the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion in prostate cancer. We tested the hypothesis that increasing levels of pre‐diagnostic circulating antioxidants, which may reduce oxidative stress, are associated with lower risk of developing TMPRSS2:ERG positive prostate cancer.


Zoonia Nazir Chaudhry was born in Lahore, Pakistan. She graduated MBBS from Fatima Jinnah Medical College in Lahore and started her postgraduate training there, gaining her fellowship of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Pakistan (FCPS) in psychiatry. Zoonia started working as a trainee psychiatrist in the UK in 2001. She worked in Shrewsbury …


Introduction Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) is a chemical compound that is commonly used as a recreational, psychedelic drug for its hallucinogenic effects. It was created in 1938 in a lab by Albert Hofmann in an unsuccessful attempt to find a blood stimulant, but once the hallucinogenic effects were discovered, the drug was distributed to psychiatrists around the world to find medical uses for the drug, but this was unsuccessful as well. There has been extensive previous research into the connections between LSD use and mental illness, specifically schizophrenia. Studies of LSD users have shown that the use of the drug and the onset of mental illness are not interrelated, but that LSD users actually experience mental illness at a lower rate (Krebs 2013). Some LSD users may experience Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) or persistent psychosis in the long-term (NIDA 2015). The symptoms of HPPD have not been found to be adverse to those affected, but they can be reversed with the use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (Bonson 1995). To date, most review literature limits psychedelics to being illicit drugs of abuse rather than having value as future pharmacotherapies (Szabo 2015). The use of LSD for psychotherapy has been explored in past studies, but, more currently, research is being done for the use of LSD as an immunotherapy and to treat mental illnesses. This paper explores LSD as a compound, its mechanism, its effects, the long-term risks associated with use and its connection to mental illness and will shed light on new research that poses LSD as viable for medical use.


According to the statistical data of precipitation during the period from 1951 to 1999, the annual precipitation in Hebei Province was 540 mm. The annual precipitation reduced from 582.1 mm in the 1950's to 449.6 mm in the 1990's. Precipitation is the main source of water consumption for agricultural irrigation, and the reduction and uneven temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation, and the increase of temperature and evaporation are the main causes resulting in the reduction of crop yield. This paper analyzes the temporal and spatial change of the annual precipitation, temperature and evaporation and the relationship between the impacts of droughts on the environment these changes in Hebei Province based on the meteorological data collected during the period of 1951-1999. Some measures are put forward for preventing and controlling the drought disasters and the degeneration of the ecological environment in Hebei Province, they include to establish and improve the monitoring and warning measures for preventing drought disasters, speed up the construction of water conservancy projects, fully utilize the water resources, popularize the water-economizing farming techniques, and develop the effective agriculture without pollution.


Introduced the detecting principle of the multi-parameters gas detector,and desiged method for the gas sensor application in the multi-parameters gas detector.Utilizing multi-parameters gas detector,it can measure strength of five kinds of gas which include O2,CO,CO2,H2S and CH4 at the same time,and can detect one kind gas in five kinds of gas.


up without leaving a stiffness of the joint, but Volkmann first showed that certain cases, at times due to infectious processes, such as dysentery or gonorrhoea; at times due to trauma; and at times occurring spontaneously, heal up completely after letting the pus out. In these cases the contents of the joint is found to be a muco-purulent exudation, and no changes are to be found in the -cartilages or bones. Von Brunn has had


The report, Evaluation of the National Assessment of Educational Progress, provides a number of recommendations for addressing validity concerns about NAEP. This article identifies actions that could be taken by the Congress, the National Center for Education Statistics, and the National Assessment Governing Board— which share responsibility for NAEP's validity— in responding to those concerns.


Taking the varieties of Gazanian regins L.'Richu' and 'Xingbai' that introduced from foreign as experiment materials,the transpiration rates,water consumption,survival days under natural drought stress and wilting coefficient were determined.The results showed that under the conditions of a temperature of 32~35℃,and 8 ultraviolet irradiation intensity,'Richu' died at the fourth day of drought stress,while 'Xingbai' died at the fifth day of natural drought treatment.The wilting coefficients of the two varieties were 17.80% and 14.80% respectively.It indicated that 'Xingbai' had a better resistance than 'Richu',which provided a reference to reduce maintenance cost and water consumption of Gazanian regins L.used in summer landscaping.


This study is aimed to investigate the pedagogical content knowledge of prospective professional teachers who participated in the In-service Teacher Professional Program (Program Profesi Guru Dalam Jabatan or PPG Daljab) for the topic of Derivative. The investigation into teachers' knowledge was conducted during the phase of developing lesson plan. For this purpose, 24 in-service teachers were observed during their participation in the PPG program. The data analysis was performed for the interview results, the teachers' lesson plan (RPP), and observation note from the peer teaching activities. The data analysis reveal that the teachers already possessed a correct conceptual understanding of derivative as indicated from their lesson plan. Nevertheless, the concepts that teachers presented in the lesson plan was still partial and did not represent a comprehensive conceptual understanding. This partial conceptual understanding was also observed during peer teaching activities. When performed a teaching simulation, teachers tended to deliver the concept in a procedural way so that the classroom activities did not fully support the development of students' higher order thinking skills.


Recently we proposed a motion-compensated approach for four-dimensional (4D) reconstruction for gated cardiac single photon emission tomography (SPECT), and demonstrated that motion-compensated gate smoothing can be effective for noise reduction in the reconstructed images. In this paper we further develop our 4D approach by including attenuation and scatter compensation and evaluate it based on a more realistic Monte Carlo simulation and a set of patient data. Our results from both the simulated and patient data demonstrate that the 4D method can lead to improved reconstruction.


EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAM STAFFS' SELF-EFFICACY CONCERNING THE IMPORTANCE OF QUALITY CHILD CARE Susan Mitchell, M.S. Department of Family, Consumer, and Nutrition Northern Illinois University, 2015 Florensia Surjadi, Director This study focuses on the difference between teachers' and administrators' self-efficacy perceptions based on quality child care practices. After doing a mixed methods study, I found a contradiction between the current literature and my own findings. My findings showed there was not a significant difference in teachers' self-efficacy based on years of teaching, whereas the literature shows self-efficacy is a factor. My other findings showed that as teachers and administrators get older they tend to have more experience based on years of teaching. Another result demonstrated that those teachers and administrators that were younger showed that they had more education than those who were older and had more years of experience in the field. NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY DEKALB, ILLINOIS


With chloroaurate acid(HAuCl4)acted as the oxidant,different morphological polyaniline and polyaniline/Au nanocomposite materials doped with two different kinds of inorganic acid(HCl and H2SO4)were successfully fabricated by one-step oxidation polymerization of aniline viaadjusting the volume percent of ethanol/water of mixed solvent.The morphological evolution of the so-obtained products was observed viascanning electron microscopy(SEM). The chemical and electronic structures of the as-prepared materials were studied using Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)and UV-Vis spectroscopies.Based on the characterizations,the possible formation mechanism of polyaniline/Au nanocomposite was also discussed.


A guide designed to assist students at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies and in the Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations Department in their research.


How students learn is one of the central questions in science education. Yet most studies of science 'learning' emphasize the things that Latour (1987) called 'ready‐made science'. That is, these studies focus on what students 'know' before and after they complete a particular unit of study. Whether students learned and the nature of what they learned is usually inferred from pre‐test‐‐post‐test data. Likewise, the processes by means of which individuals change as a result of their engagement with instructional materials are also inferred. That is, even much of the conceptual change literature does not study the change per se, but infers, often from interviews, stages in students' conceptions and discourse (e.g. Dykstra et al. 1992). What the domain of science education lacks, therefore, is descriptions of the learning trajectories that take students from pre‐instructional to post‐instructional understandings of a particular topic. Describing and explaining the change of students' understanding as it occu...


Controlled TfOHor AuCl-catalyzed cycloisomerization and tandem hydrolytic defluorination of 2,3-allenyl perfluoroalkyl ketones Can Xue, Xin Huang, Shangze Wu, Chunling Fu *and Shengming Ma* Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China * Corresponding author. Tel.: 86-21-55665687; Fax: 86-21-64167510. firstname.lastname@example.com


This article presents a performance comparison of two permanent magnet synchronous generators for a wind turbine application. The difference is the placement of the magnets, in one case they are surface mounted (SPMSG) and in the other case they are put inside the rotor (interior mounted)(IPMSG). The same amount of magnets and copper and almost the same amount of iron has been used in both cases. Two different appropriate voltages have been used in order to broaden the investigation. The results show that the energy efficiency is higher for the IPMSG. The reason is a better power factor. For an average wind speed of 7 m/s, the energy efficiency was 99.3 % for the IPMSG and 99.1 % for the SPMSG using the dc-link voltage 2.23 kV and 99.1 % for the IPMSG and 99.0 % for the SPMSG using the dc-link voltage 1.72 kV. Moreover, as written above it was found that the efficiency is affected by the choice of dc-link voltage.


of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Vaidhyanathan Ramamurthy. No. of pages in text. (337) This research work is an attempt towards understanding the role of supramolecular organic hosts in altering the photochemical and photophysical properties of small organic molecules. The two most important aspects of this study are: use of "light" to provide the activation energy for the desired chemical changes and exploitation of water soluble supramolecular organic hosts. An organic molecule undergoes chemical changes from an excited state. This excited state can be reached in two ways: (i) in tiny steps, traversing through closely spaced vibrational and rotational levels (heat energy) or, (ii) hopping directly and discreetly to the excited state by absorbing quanta of light energy. In this thesis we focus on the latter means. Most of the chemical reactions carried out in various organic solvents, lack the feature of product selectivity. In this work we exploited water soluble organic hosts like cavitand Octa Acid (OA), Cucurbiturils (CB) and dendrimers to firstly solubilize the otherwise insoluble organic molecules in aqueous medium and then carry out their photolysis in a confined space to achieve product selectivity. We have tried to control and stabilize the highly reactive intermediate species like carbenes, nitrenes and hydroperoxides generated as a result of "ene" reaction with singlet oxygen by encapsulating their precursors in various host systems. Remarkable product selectivity has been witnessed in most of the cases. For instance, carbene precursorsaziadamantane derivatives gives more than 90% of 1, 3inner molecular insertion products when encapsulated inside CB [7] and CB[8], which is produced only in traces in organic solvents. Similarly nitrene generated by the photolysis of azidoadamantanes encapsulated inside OA, can be used to achieve modified OA derivative. It has been investigated in detail how the size and the spatial orientation of the guest molecules confined in a host, govern the photochemical outcome. For example, due to the restricted space, formation of cis-stilbene is preferred inside the hydrophobic pockets of the dendrimers, in a photoinduced cis-trans isomerization reaction. Most part of this work focuses on understanding the role of weak, non-covalent interactions like: van der Waals forces, columbic ion-pair interactions, hydrophobic forces, etc. in organizing a host and guest complex. By investigating the change in the aggregation behavior of positively charged organic dye molecules, in presence of different hosts, we observed that columbic ion-pair interactions win over hydrophobic interactions. We utilized this observation in designing a FRET donor-acceptor pair, in which the donor being uncharged occupies the hydrophobic cavity of the cavitand OA and the positively charged acceptor is attached to its anionic exterior. The donor-acceptor distance RDA, thus obtained matches closely with the dimensions of host cavitand OA, confirming our hypothesis. We expect this work to be a small contribution towards enhancing our knowledge on the vast field of organic supramolecular photochemistry.


Hai-Bo Yu‡ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA (Dated: July, 2008) Abstract We show that when the supersymmetric SU(5) model is extended to xplain small neutrino masses by the type III seesaw mechanism, the new 24-dimensional fields needed for the purpose can act as messeng er for transmitting SUSY breaking from a hidden sector to the visib le sector. For the three 24case, the constraints of grand unification and suppressed lepton flavor violation r estrict the seesaw scale in this case to be in the narrow range of 10 − 10 GeV. The model predicts (i) a stable LSP gravitino with mass i n the range of 1-10 MeV which can be a cold dark matter of the universe; (ii) a stau NLSP which is detectable at LHC; (iii) a lower bound on the branching ratio BR(μ → eγ) larger than10−14 testable by the ongoing MEG experiment as well as characteristic particle spectrum dif ferent from other SUSY breaking scenarios. We also discuss the case with two 24fields, which is the minimal case that can explain neutrino os cillation data.


Drug delivery systems (DDS) based on colloidal structures have become an emerging field of interest in the past few decades, owing to their outstanding ability in transporting and delivering drugs, protecting the drug against degradation, and preventing adverse side effects of toxic drugs. Further, these colloid-based DDS can provide contrast agents for early diagnoses, delay the release of their content, and improve therapeutic efficiency of drugs and photosensitizers by enhancing their availability in physiological mediums or by delivering them to specific targets [1,2]. This talk will summarize new achievements in the field of colloid-based DDS. In particular, we will present our recent results on the production of iron oxide-based drug delivery systems. More specifically, the talk will focus on production and structural features of iron oxide nanoparticles [3] functionalized with chondroitin sulphate, and glucosamine hydrochloride. Chondroitin sulphate and glucosamine hydrochloride are recognized for their therapeutic action against osteoarthritis. To produce colloidal dispersions at optimized conditions, and investigate the drug incorporation models, UV-vis, Raman, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies, as well as dynamic light scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectra, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic measurements, were performed. Further, the colloidal stability of the dispersions was studied in phsyiological media, as well its cytotoxicity effects via the MTT assay. Colloidal suspensions comprising chondroitin or glucosamine coating magnetite nanoparticles presented good stability and no toxicity, and are thus promising nanocarriers for site specific delivery of chondroitin sulfate and/or glucosamine.


Wind turbines are important devices that extract clean energy from wind flow. The efficiency of wind turbines should be examined under various working conditions in order to estimate off-design performance. Numerous aerodynamic and structural research works have been carried out to compute aeroelastic effects on wind turbines. Most of them suffer from either the simplicity of the modelling approach or from the difficulty of the computing technique, which limits the practical applicability of the results. In this research, a robust approach is proposed to compute the aeroelastic behaviour of a horizontal axis wind turbine blade profile for conceptual design purposes. The simplicity and applicability of the approach are the significant points of the research work. Aerodynamic and elastic computations made using XFOIL and MATLAB PDE toolbox. Those tools are linked through an algorithm to interactively compute aeroelastic effects. A real measured time history of wind velocity is used as an input flow condition to simulate a real angle of attack for aeroelastic computation. Investigation of numerical output shows lift and drag coefficient values are lower compared to the corresponding values of the rigid profile. The study of modulus of elasticity value on the separation point location is also conducted, and the delayed stall is observed by decreasing the airfoil rigidity.


Filariasis is one of the major health problems in tropical and subtropical countries of the world. It can be caused by any of the following nematodes: Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, Loa loa, Oncocerca volvulus, Mansonella perstans, Mansonella ozzardi, Mansonella streptocerca and Dirofilaria spp. Of all these, W. bancrofti and B. malayi are the most common causes of lymphatic filariasis with the former accounting for more than 90% of all the cases. Bancroftian filariasis is primarily confined to the lymphatic system with the adult worms residing in the lymph nodes or the larger lymphatic channels and releasing numerous microfilariae into the peripheral circulation of the definitive host. The most common presentations include asymptomatic microfilaremia, acute adeno-lymphangitis or chronic lymphatic disease causing lymphedema. Primary mode of diagnosis is the demonstration of microfilariae in the peripheral blood of these patients, sampled at night, keeping in mind the nocturnal periodicity of these parasites. Bancroftian filariasis has also been reported involving the epididymis, testes, breast, thyroid, bone marrow, retroperitoneum and rarely the subcutaneous and the soft tissues. Fine needle aspiration cytology often serves as a useful modality of diagnosis in cases presenting as palpable swellings. In majority of such cases, a cytological diagnosis is made on the basis of demonstration of microfilariae, with typical morphology, in the smears. However, in rare circumstances, incidentally migrated adult filarial worms can also be aspirated from these swellings. We report a case of bancroftian filariasis presenting as a solitary subcutaneous arm swelling, with cytology demonstrating adult gravid worm, embryoid forms and microfilariae.


Being described polymerizable composition comprising: (a) below contains thio (meth) mixtures of acrylate functional monomers: (a) (i) a first thio (meth) acrylate functional monomers (e.g. , bis (thiomethacrylate) -1,2-ethylene); is (a) (ii) a second thio (meth) acrylate functional monomers (which are chain-extended); and (b) at least two ( meth) a radically polymerizable comonomer having an acryloyl group, the comonomer, for example, selected from the group consisting of: (b) (i) ethoxylated bisphenol a dimethacrylate, (b) (ii) poly ( ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate, (b) (iii) trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and, (b) (iv) monomer (b) i), a mixture of (b) (ii) and (b) (iii).


thickness skin graft to a large surgical wound in a patient with sclerodermatous skin. In this case history, the key point is a clinical one—that wound healing may be uncomplicated even if the graft is taken from affected sclerodermatous skin and transplanted to another affected area. There are reports in the literature of using artificial [8], split thickness [9] and autologous [10] skin grafts to promote ulcer healing in patients with SSc. In conclusion, in this case, primary closure of the wound was impossible, and there was a real concern that our patient might have required amputation. Grafted skin presented a natural barrier for preventing infection and allowed early wound healing. Our patient thus demonstrates how split thickness skin grafting even from sclerodermatous skin can be successfully used to cover large wounds with a good outcome in patients with SSc.


The information explosion inmodern society requires increasingly higher densities in data storage, which is gradually becoming difficult to achieve through traditional binary memory techniques. Resistance switching random access memory (RRAM), as a promising high-density memory solution, is gradually attracting both fundamental and industrial interest. RRAMs consist of two electrodes sandwiching a thin layer of active material that, under an external electric eld, possesses different conductive states, which are considered "0" or "1" for information storage. In addition, due to their simple three-layers structure, RRAMs can be used for three-dimensional stacking and can dramatically expand the information density. Most importantly, if multiple conductive states exist in the active materials, each memory cell can store more than two states, such as "0", "1", "2".. This multilevel RRAM technique is expected to result in a revolutionary enhancement in the information density from 2 to X (where n is the cell density and X is the state number of each cell). Aer decades of intensive research, many inorganic oxides, polymers and small molecules have been found to exhibit multilevel resistive switching behaviours and are thus considered candidate active materials for multilevel RRAMs. However, to enable industrial use, RRAM devices must show good reproducibility, including a high multilevel memory device yield and narrow distribution of OFF/ON1/ON2 switching voltages. Unfortunately, numerous studies have explored new RRAM active materials based on the measurements on individual devices, but statistical data on a large batch are rarely reported. Our recent statistical work demonstrated that


The employment of high-damping metals (HIDAMETS) is becoming one of the most beneficial solutions to reduce or eliminate noise and vibration, while the poor comparability between different damping measurement methods has been the "bottle-neck" in the development of HIDAMETS. A variety of experimental methods are available to measure the damping properties of metals, because damping can be characterized by the decay of free oscillations, the width of the resonance peak or the phase lag between stress and strain. In this paper, we present a review on the main parameters to characterize the damping capacity of metallic materials, corresponding to measurement techniques and experimental apparatus. The factors that maybe introduce system errors have also been analyzed. The principles and peculiarities of resonant-bar apparatus, torsion pendulums and dynamic mechanical thermal analyzers are introduced. Our viewpoints on some critical issues are also presented, including the accuracy and applicability of different techniques apparatuses, relationships between the various parameters of damping, synthetic appraisal of damping for metals. Some suggestions on improving and standardizing experimental techniques apparatuses are proposed.


China's modern education system change is not achieved overnight,but experienced a long-term process. The era of the republic of China in the early education from the traditional to the modern transformation is also a process in which Chinese modern educational reformers to identify the active ingredient of western culture and the negative factors of our own.


Citation: Khalil G, Hameed A (2017) Preeclampsia: Pathophysiology and the Maternal-Fetal Risk. J Hypertens Manag 3:024. doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510024 Received: February 28, 2017: Accepted: May 22, 2017: Published: May 25, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Khalil G, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


In the article different approaches of researchers to the content of concept mechanism of control, organizational-economic mechanism are generalized and systematized. The basic priorities of the modernization of the industry of Russia in the context of creation and realization of effective-projects on the transformation of system-forming elements of enterprises in the gas field are actualized. The basic tools of the organizational-economic mechanism of management of the enterprises of natural gas industry are investigated.


Two circuits for improving the performance of a Bluetooth CMOS RFIC are described. A RF amplifier gain calibration circuit uses a dummy amplifier to calibrate voltage gain and output voltage swing. The dummy amplifier's and a target RF amplifier share the bias circuit, thereby allowing accurate RF gain control against temperature, bias and process variations. A 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS calibration circuit achieved gain control within +/-0.5 dB. The second circuit, an interleafed multi-stage filter and IF amplifier for use in a low-IF receiver, has an AGC circuit with a novel feedforward control that allows rapid convergence of the amplifier gain. When applied to a Bluetooth signal, convergence was achieved within 5 /spl mu/s even in the worst case blocking signal condition.


To most, federal employment means stable work with good pay, good benefits, long-run job security, and opportunities for promotion from the mail room to upper management. The authors' debunk that notion. The authors' definitively establish the presence of a core/ring structure in federal employment. Core occupations are permanent full-time, year-round stable positions, whereas ring jobs are comparatively unstable work situations: temporary, part-time, and/or for a specified period of time. Federal personnel administrators increasingly use temporary, contract, on-call, and part-time positions to control costs. Even when we control for individual characteristics—educational attainment and years of experience—we find group characteristics—particularly gender—reduce the chances of working in a permanent federal job. Is this an indictment against the federal government's reputation as a model employer? Perhaps. At the very least, the potential for gender disparity in employment outcomes deserves further study. Contingent arrangements at the agency level deserve a closer look too.


Today's consumers are increasingly rigorous in choosing products in terms of their demands and preferences. To be competitive, businesses must design services that do not just satisfy customers, they must also delight them. The quality of a product or service is judged ultimately in terms of perceived customer satisfaction and delight. Previous service quality researchers have successfully used SERVQUAL and other scales to measure and improve service quality in a variety of industries. While these approaches have successfully conveyed the quality philosophies of America and Europe, other countries have approached quality differently. Japanese quality systems such as Kansei engineering (KE) and quality function deployment (QFD), for example, are increasingly popular and offer an alternative way to incorporate the customer's voice in the development and improvement of service quality systems. While traditionally used in manufacturing sectors, these approaches can also be applied successfully in service sectors. This study uses data from the National Bank of Spain (NBS) to demonstrate the KE and QFD procedures and show how the customer's voice can be designed into its e-banking system.


We have shown recently (Hron et al. JAMA 2006) that measuring thrombin generation can identify patients at low risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism and that peak thrombin is a suitable parameter to differentiate low risk from high risk patients. In this study we used the same assay (Technothrombin®TGA) to analyze patients at high risk of atherothrombosis (a swiss study of patients with a history of myocardial infarction). Moreover, we investigated the influence of microparticles on thrombin generation in these patients. Thrombin generation was measured using Technothrombin®TGA. The reagent used contained low levels of phospholipid and 5 pM tissue factor. Platelet poor plasma from 178 patients (n=178, age =55±8 ys, male/female = 157/21) who had a previous myocardial infarction and 79 normal age and sex matched controls. (n=79, age = 55±8 ys, male/female = 70/9) was analyzed. Microparticle-free plasma was generated from PPP plasma by filtration through a membrane (0.2 μm pore size) using a standardized filtration device (Ceveron®MFU 500, Technoclone). In the control group the mean value for peak thrombin in platelet poor plasma was 252±7.7 nM (mean±SD). A significantly higher (p


In this work we present large area crystalline silicon thin film n-type solar cells. The rear junction is formed by growth of an n-type Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) layer on highly p-doped substrate.The arising rear side emitter geometry of the solar cell features an n phosphorous diffused front-surface-field on n-type thin absorber deposited by high temperature CVD. Apart from the deposition of the thin film all processing steps rely on already industrially implemented processing steps such as open tube furnace POCl3 diffusion, PECVD SiNx deposition and thick film screen printing technique. Following simulations, different base doping levels of the CVD layers were tested. The best 96 cm large solar cell with a 30 μm thick epitaxial wafer equivalent showed an efficiency of 13.5% for a p Cz-Si substrate and 12.3% for the best mc-Si device, respectively.


A method for controlling an amount of fuel reforming in an internal combustion engine, which is adapted to selectively operate in a homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion mode with an exhaust recompression strategy, which comprises: Pressures are monitored in a cylinder during a current combustion cycle; the monitored pressures are used in the cylinder to project a reforming required in a next combustion cycle; and the next combustion cycle is on the projected reforming required in the next combustion cycle controlled based.


The synchrotron vacuum chamber has annular regions in the magnet chamber and 112 rectilinear regions between magnet blocks. The annular areas (except for 11 with accelerating electrodes in X-aligned blocks) are corrugated, 3-mm-thick steel tubes. The chamber has an elliptic cross section with 114 x 84 mm axes. The rectilinear regions are used for pumping installations, beam observation devices, and other instruments. Fifty-six BA05 units with semiconductor traps are used for pumping the chamber. The inltial vacuum lines are connected by a ring header. Fourteen VN-1 pumping assemblies are used as collectors and rough pumps. (tr-auth)


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical path components, while reducing the weight and complexity of the electronic component and / or the associated read / write head, to provide an increase in the storage capacity of the data disk drives. System, the optical element (102,400) during the writing and reading of data is propagated to the servo track data disks (107) utilizes a light to heat the data disk, and the actual reading and magnetic element for writing .


And a aqueous medium and fluoropolymer particles, in fluorosurfactant content of less than about 300 ppm, and applying an aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion coating composition comprising an additional water-soluble salt to a substrate, a wet coating on a substrate manufacturing and forming, by applying a high-frequency electromagnetic radiation to the wet coating, and drying the wet coating, and forming a fluoropolymer coated substrate, the coated substrate with a fluoropolymer a method of, additional but without a water-soluble salt as compared to the same coating composition, to remove at least about 5% the time required to dry the wet coating of the substrates, the additional water-soluble salt is effective, method for preparing the substrate coated with the fluoropolymer.


Abstract Xanthates (0,S-dialkyl dithiocarbonates) received much attention in connection with technological1 and synthetic applications2. Pyrolytic elimination of xanthates, called the Chugaev reaction, has been widely used as a method of dehydrating alcohols without rearrangement of carbon skeleton3.


Whole cell penicillin amidase of Escherichia coli was immobilized by entrapment in gelatin followed by extrusion and crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. The immobilized engyme preparation demonstrated the recovery yield of activity up to 70% and good stability during storage and operation. The half life of activity decay during the operation was estimated to be about 50 days. The optimum pH and temperature for both of immobilized and soluble enzyme are 8.5 and 5, respectively. No significant change was demonstrated in the effect of pH and temperature, but the increase in heat stability at high temperature was observed in the case of the immobilized enzyme. It was found that the plug flow reactor could be operated favorably since the pH drop along the column path due to tile reaction product was minimized by employing substrate solution with moderate buffer strength. The optimal condition of reactor operation was discussed with regard to the effect of substrate concentration and the residence time on the conversion efficiency and productivity.


Farm dams are a common sight on rural properties as an inexpensive water supply for stock or agribusiness. The magnitude of the losses from farm dams due to evaporation, leakage and seepage is illustrated. How these factors impact on the operation of the shallow pond as an effective method of water storage are discussed. The question is addressed on whether this farming practice is a sustainable and economic way of storing water. Some alternatives are explored for relative costs, efficiencies, quality of water stored, and impediments to implementation.


Recently, in Diabetes Care , Bogner et al. (1) reported results from the Prevention of Suicide in Primary Care Elderly: Collaborative Trial (PROSPECT) study that examined a care-management intervention for older primary care patients with depression. The authors reported that, compared with usual care, the intervention reduced 5-year all-cause mortality among diabetic patients with major or minor depression but not among depressed patients without diabetes. Although not mentioned by Bogner et al., an article by Gallo et al. in the Annals of Internal Medicine (2) that included all the authors of the Bogner et al. study reported that this same care-management …


OBJECTIVE
The main objective was to investigate the expression of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors, and production of growth factors and cytokines from psoriatic skin and synovium derived fibroblasts.

METHODS
Fibroblast cultures were established from normal and psoriatic skin and synovium. Confluent cultures of fibroblasts were used for a receptor binding assay for PDGF, and then extracts were run on Western blot. The amount of immunoreactive A and B chain peptides present was determined with specific A or B chain antisera. Production of interleukin 1 beta and PDGF-beta was accomplished by neutralization with the use of commercially available antisera. A functional assay was used to measure transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta).

RESULTS
There was an increased expression of the beta PDGF receptor in the psoriatic fibroblasts. Interleukin 1 beta and PDGF-beta production by psoriatic fibroblasts was also increased. However, TGF-beta production was similar in normal and psoriatic fibroblasts.

CONCLUSION
Our data demonstrate an increased expression of beta PDGF receptor, and production of IL-1 beta and PDGF by psoriatic fibroblasts. The findings provide further support for an active role of this cell line in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.


The aims of this paper were to find the effects of artificial fertilizer, intensive cultivation and abandonment with afforestation on species composition of traditional meadows at a broad scale, and to describe the ecological variation of different meadow communities. The flora of 21 traditionally managed hay meadows was compared with that of 52 artificially fertilized hay meadows, 28 intensively cultivated grasslands and 29 afforested grasslands by means of classification. Predictors for differences in species composition were tested using multiple regression analyses with associated Monte Carlo permutation tests. Habitat diversity and Ellenberg N were the most important predictors for differences in species composition of traditional meadows. High habitat diversity was associated with maximum occurrences of all kinds of meadow species (high-productive, generalist, low-productive, habitat specialist, regionally rare, vulnerable and orchid species). These meadows are therefore of high conservation value. Traditional meadows contained also some nitrophilous species that dominate artificially fertilized meadows, but in small populations. Artificially fertilized meadows supported the generalist and productive subset of the species from traditional meadows. Thus, artificially fertilized meadows are of low conservation value. As regionally rare and vulnerable species were only recorded at sites with no use of artificial fertilizer, its application should be avoided whenever the aim is to recreate or maintain semi-natural grasslands of high conservation value. Regionally rare and vulnerable meadow species were not recorded in afforested sites, suggesting that afforestation of traditional meadows may have similar negative effects for the traditional meadow flora as the use of artificial fertilizer.


We characterize the properties of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source plasmas driven by laser wavelengths in the [Formula: see text] range and laser intensities of [Formula: see text] W cm−2 for [Formula: see text]. Detailed numerical simulations of laser-irradiated spherical tin microdroplet targets reveal a strong laser-wavelength dependence on laser absorptivity and the conversion efficiency of generating in-band EUV radiation. For [Formula: see text] irradiation, the increase in in-band radiation with increasing laser intensity is offset by only a minor reduction in conversion efficiency. Radiative losses are found to dominate the power balance for all laser wavelengths and intensities, and a clear shift from kinetic to in-band radiative losses with increasing laser wavelength is identified. Yet, with increasing laser intensity, such a shift is absent. We find that the existence of a maximum conversion efficiency, near [Formula: see text], originates from the interplay between the optical depths of the laser light and the in-band EUV photons for this specific droplet-target geometry.


Uniformly labeled uridine diphosphoglucose (UDP(U-13C)G) was prepared by a two-step enzymatic synthesis. (U-13C) G-6-P was prepared quantitatively by incubating (U-13C) glucose, ATP, MgS04, and hexokinase. UDP(U-13C) Glucose was prepared by incubation of (U-13C)G-6-P with UDPG pyrophosphorylase, phosphoglucomutase, inorganic pyrophosphatase, UTP, and glucose-1, 6-diphosphate in pH 7.5, 100 mM Tris-HCl buffer. After purification over Biogel P-2 and subsequent preparative HPLC, UDP (U-13C)G was obtained in 50% yield. UDP(U-13C)G was characterized by 13C NMR and FAB-MS.


An expanding number of organizations utilize Cloud Computing administrations so as to diminish expenses and increment adaptability of their IT foundation. This has breathed life into a discussion on the advantages and dangers of Cloud Computing, among the two professionals and specialists. This examination applies quantitative substance investigation to investigate the Cloud Computing biological system. The investigated information involves excellent research articles and professional arranged articles from magazines and sites. We apply n-grams and the group calculation k-intends to dissect the writing. The commitment of this paper is twofold: First, it recognizes the key terms and themes that are a piece of the Cloud Computing Eco system which we totalled to a far reaching model. Second, this paper unveils the opinions of key themes as reflected in articles from both practice and the scholarly world.


In this paper we examine the impact of quality-of-life policing on crime and disorder. Specifically, we examine a quality-of-life initiative conducted by the Chandler, Arizona Police Department, which was grounded in an operational strategy of policing social and physical disorder. Using data on calls for service, we employ an interrupted time-series analysis to examine the effect of the intervention on 10 offense categories within the overall target area and within four zones that constitute the target area. The findings suggest that the quality-of-life initiative exerted the strongest effect on two categories of crime and disorder: public morals and physical disorder. Diffusion of benefit and displacement effects were also observed in nearby areas. We discuss the implications of the findings for policy makers and researchers.


We present Odinson, a rule-based information extraction framework, which couples a simple yet powerful pattern language that can operate over multiple representations of text, with a runtime system that operates in near real time. In the Odinson query language, a single pattern may combine regular expressions over surface tokens with regular expressions over graphs such as syntactic dependencies. To guarantee the rapid matching of these patterns, our framework indexes most of the necessary information for matching patterns, including directed graphs such as syntactic dependencies, into a custom Lucene index. Indexing minimizes the amount of expensive pattern matching that must take place at runtime. As a result, the runtime system matches a syntax-based graph traversal in 2.8 seconds in a corpus of over 134 million sentences, nearly 150,000 times faster than its predecessor.


Oil field is closely related to fault system and ultrapressure fluid activity in DF1 1 diapir in Yinggehai Basin. High geothermal gradient and ultrapressure system not only provide the driving force for the oil/gas migration, but also open new faults as pathway for the oil/gas. Based on the analyzing fault structure in DF1 1 diapir, the paper simulates its tectonic stress fields and their driving fluid by finite element numerical method, according to continuous medium theory. The results show which stress fields resulted from diapirism determine the fluid migration tendency along the fault zone in the DF1 1 diapir, which is from both sides of the diapir to its center and upward from the diapir. Thermal stresses also control stress pattern and direction of fluid migration in some places that drives the matured hydrocarbon fluid migration upward from the diapir. On the other hand, thermal stress fields reasonably explain the fact of fluid migration from high temperature areas to low temperature areas. The effect extent depends on the proportion between thermal stress and tectonic stress.


The influence of temperature on the error of incremental optoelectronic encoders of linear displacements based on raster structures, is considered. Basic principles of optoelectronic encoders of linear displacements are described. The performed theoretical analysis of additional error because of ambient temperature fluctuations demonstrates that the greatest influence is exerted by changes in the linear dimensions of the raster structures caused by linear expansion of the raster material. Results of experimental studies of the error of the LIR-14 encoder caused by changes in the ambient temperature are presented, and an estimate is given of the degree of influence of the error components due to this phenomenon.


British Journal of Hospital Medicine, April 2015, Vol 76, No 4 247 © 2 01 5 M A H ea lth ca re L td its use (Mikisch et al, 2001; Flanigan et al, 2004). More specific to this case, the effects of neoadjuvant therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients undergoing inferior cava thrombectomy (before nephrectomy) show some benefit to the primary tumour, but limited effects on the tumour thrombus itself (Bigot et al, 2014). A further unusual feature of renal cell carcinoma is the potential for regression of metastases (pulmonary, brain, skeletal and lymphoid) following nephrectomy, radiation or embolization of the primary tumour (Lokich, 1997). Renal cell carcinoma is a somewhat unusual cancer in its often incidental discovery, behaviour both in terms of 'dissemination' beyond the primary, treatment options and responses. The disseminated metastases in this patient prevented a surgical option that might have been considered with contiguous tumour extension alone. BJHM