Poster Session Abstract (P281), 21st Asian Pacific Digestive Week 2011 , October 1–4, 2011, SUNTEC Singapore International Convention & Exhibition Centre, Singapore


By exploring the principle of current division, a ratiometric current-steering rational implementation of a rational digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) is proposed. In this implementation, current scaling is achieved through ratios and, as a result, achieve greater independence from actual physical parameters and their associated non-idealities, resulting in the potential for achieving higher accuracy.


It is necessary to analyze and master the western civilization theory,even though we can't copy them completely to use for reference in Chinese early civilization study because of its particularity.We should construct a theory system reflecting completely the Chinese early civilization and its development based on received texts and archeological discoveries.


PURPOSE: A chip package and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to be capable of minimizing the size of the chip package, and simplifying manufacturing processes. CONSTITUTION: A chip package(40) is provided with a chip(35) and a substrate(31) located at the lower portion of the chip. The chip includes the first surface having the first terminal, the second surface having the second terminal, the first and second conductive layer(35a,35b) formed on the first and second surface of the chip, respectively. The substrate includes a via hole(33) connected with the second terminal. Preferably, a resin molding part(39) is formed along the peripheral portion of the chip. Preferably, the third and fourth conductive layer(31a,31b) are formed on both surface of the substrate and the conductive layers are connected with each other through the via hole.


T conclusions reached as a result of the symposium and reiterated in this supplemental issue of JHCPU are that there is opportunity, responsibility, and accountability in the event of a pandemic influenza episode, and that both the public health and the faith community must respond. Faith leaders have a pivotal role in working with government public health officials in managing pandemics, epidemics, disasters (natural or man-made) or in any mass crises where human life or well being are threatened. Because of this multilayered, multi-organizational responsibility, collective strategic thinking and planning are necessary to execute successfully any directives to protect life and prevent adverse health for all people, simply because they are human. The notion of the Beloved Community emphatically means that all belong regardless of time or place; race or ethnicity; sex or gender; rich, middle-class or not-so-rich; educated or less educated; rural or urban or any other distinguishing characteristic. The faith and health communities must join forces if emergency preparedness is to be effective. While all in the Beloved Community are vulnerable, some are more vulnerable than others. Some are in fact, susceptible, and susceptibility must prioritize the response. Further, faith communities must receive sufficient technical training to handle the amount and types of challenge that will surely arise during such a trying period. Lastly, funding must be fair, and some funding must be appropriated to the faith community in a manner consistent with the task it will be asked to undertake. These dollars must be made available early on, especially if federal dollars have been allocated to state and local public health officials in pre-disaster periods for preparation and readiness. For the government to do anything less would constitute an ethical violation on numerous grounds, especially if the request for the faith community to assist with pandemic emergency preparation is initiated by government public health officials. So what is to be done? Given the lessons learned from the devastating hurricanes of Katrina and Rita (if the lessons were truly learned), floods, and pandemics of the


Culture has been proposed by marketing theorists as one of the underlying determinants of consumer behavior. This trend necessitates cross-cultural inquiries in tourism. However, investigations into tourism motivation are scarce and have only used nationality or ethnicity as proxies to define culture. The study reported here aimed to fill this gap. Three subcultural groups were identified based on the grid–group cultural theory and their cross-cultural differences and similarities in tourism motivations were examined. It was revealed that in the grid–group dichotomy of cultural types, the dimension of group had a greater influence on individuals' tourism motivation than grid. The theoretical contributions and limitations of this study are discussed and future studies are proposed.


Submitted for the MAR07 Meeting of The American Physical Society Diblock Copolymer as a Surface Delivery Vehicle for DNA Chip Construction LU CHEN, CHRIS GRIGORAS, JEFFREY KOBERSTEIN, MONG MARMA, ZENGMIN LI, JINGYUE JU — A generic DNA sensor is made of a substrate, a coupling layer built on the substrate and the DNA attached to the coupling layer. Previously a DNA chip was constructed using a small molecule bi-functional linker via 1,3-dipolar zaide-alkyne cycloaddition coupling chemistry. The reaction efficiency of the cycloaddition coupling chemistry is high but there are some disadvantages such as low DNA coverage and low mobility of DNA due to the use of the small molecule linker. In this paper, a newly synthesized asymmetric diblock copolymer poly(methyl methacrylate-b-tert butyl acrylate) [poly(MMA-btBA)] with alkyne functional groups at the end of tBA block will be used as the coupling layer for the DNA chip construction. As will be shown in this paper, the attached DNA will have more mobility and higher surface coverage because of the use of the alkyne-end functionalized diblock copolymer as the coupling layer. More importantly, the areal density of the DNA molecules can be tuned by the thickness of the film simply made by the spin-coating method. The copolymer thin film was characterized by angle-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ellipsometry measurement and contact angle measurement. The thickness of tBA block was estimated using the substrate-overlayer model of ADXPS. The dye-labeled DNA chemically bonded to the surface was characterized by fluorescence measurement.


This paper describes the method for an efficient face recognition system for access control to a computing device while utilizing image processing techniques. This unique method can be used for Windows, Linux, Unix operating systems. The proposed system detects the user's face with a 98% probability and detects the intruder's face with less than 1% probability. The detection time for the face is less than 2 seconds and unlocks the system within 2 seconds because of triggering all the tasks from windows, but still making it efficient from the previous works made. Additionally, the system application alerts the user when an intruder tries to unlock the system and also sends the image of the intruder's face to the user, thus assuring maximum security to the system.


The chemical derivation of methanol from synthesis gas is emerging as a way for electric utilities to continue using existing oil- and gas-fired power plants and avoid the economic and environmental constraints of new construction. Methanol is a clean fuel that burns at a lower temperature than most petroleum-based fuels. Despite a successful test of methanol as a turbine fuel, however, its current high price and low production level are prohibitive unless new technology is developed. Studies by the Electric Power Research Institute on Texaco's coal gasifiers and Chem Systems' liquid-phase methanol processes for either a baseload plant or a flexible peaking plant are promising, but must both be adapted for utility use. 1 figure, 1 table. (DCK)


BACKGROUND
Hungary has a leading place in global statistics of oral cancer and there is a high incidence of type-2 diabetes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
A retrospective diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) screening of 758 inpatients with histologically-confirmed oral malignancies was performed. The control group comprised of 534 tumor-free adults. The results were compared to data collected 14 years earlier.

RESULTS
Diabetes mellitus (DM) was found in 25.9% and IFG in 20.6% of patients with oral cancer. Fourteen years earlier, DM was diagnosed in 14.6% and IFG in 9.7% of cancer patients. Among diabetic patients, the labial tumor location showed long-term dominance. The smoking rate of diabetes patients with oral cancer was higher in the present than in the previous study.

CONCLUSION
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and IFG increased significantly among oral cancer patients in the last 14 years.


Ultrashort pulse (USP) laser machining is characterized by a large spatial precision in the micrometer range and very high processing speeds: Laser pulses with durations of only a few hundred femtoseconds are deflected over the workpiece at speeds of up to 10 m/s. Due to the tradeoff between the precision and productivity, machining processes already last up to multiple days, as is the case for example for structuring complete mold tools of dashboards. It is therefore essential to implement online defect detection and their elimination in order to increase the stability of the established processing as well as accelerate the process development. Because of the rapid changes during the machining, cost-intensive sensor integration, as well as the high requirements on spatial accuracy, online monitoring of USP laser micromachining represents a great challenge, we solve by spatially resolving optical process emissions at different wavelength ranges collected laterally. The monitoring system, that had previously been developed and had undergone initial testing, was further evaluated in this work. Analyses were carried out to investigate the potential of detecting the surface roughness prior to processing as well as its change induced by the USP laser machining. Their success is however dependent on many factors described in this work. Furthermore, successful localization of defects that emerge during processing was shown. Additionally, the possibility of online process control was demonstrated by transferring the analysis algorithms to FPGA, therefore implementing real-time defect detection and feedback.


Broad-area InAs quantum dot lasers and segmented contact devices have been fabricated using monolithically grown InAs/InAlGaAs/InP active structures on nano-patterned (001) silicon substrates. The device optoelectronic properties, optical gain and absorption have been studied and compared to structures with a nominally identical active region, grown on a native indium phosphide substrate.


In the paper, we design an adaptive observer for the extruder system with three unknown parameters, namely, two dissipation coefficients and viscosity. The observer orientated model expresses the mass and energy balance in the extruder chamber of melt spinning governed by a group of coupled first order hyperbolic partial differential equations with a moving interface. The observer estimates the states and the three parameters simultaneously, where the estimated parameters converge to their real values exponentially fast. The results are demonstrated in simulation.


A new model,namely Mixture Periodical Autoregressive Moving-Average-MPARMA,is proposed for modeling nonlinear characters in nonlinear periodical time series.Parameter estimation by the traditional method is difficult due to more parameters.EM algorithm developed for estimating the parameters on MPARMA models is discussed.The observed information matrix and missing information matrix is derived in detail for obtaining standard errors in estimating parameters procedures when using the EM algorithm.Finally,simulation example shows the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.


Current efforts to mitigate climate change, using renewable resources and reducing waste, drives the development of new industrial processes. In this study we examine the technologies for conversion of biomass to plastics. There are basically two types of processes: the biotechnology based ones, some of which are commercially available and the thermochemical process ones we looked into in more detail. Indeed, the latest process routes, based on gasification and synthesis gas technologies, are potentially technically feasible, since all process units are currently either commercially available or in the pilot plant phase. In the study their economic and environmental feasibility are evaluated.

We evaluate the environmental attractiveness of this emerging technology using life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Both final environmental and economic evaluation are based on process modeling of the biomass to plastics route. The outcomes of the study are the environmental and economic assessments as such, but also a contribution to the on-going efforts to integrate LCA with process modeling and economic tools. We also expect to contribute to methodology development through the collection and documentation of feedbacks from environmental assessments of new, emerging technologies.


A series of biouclear copper (II) complexes containing a-diimine ligand has been synthesized and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The copper complexes of the form [Cu(dien)D](ClO4)2 or [Cu2(dien)2L](CIO4)4, where dien is diethylenetriamine, L' is monodentate ligand and L is bridging ligand, were studied. The EPR spectra were recorded in solution and frozen glassy solution. In the frozen solution spectra, the values of G‖ are in the range of 2.10 to 2.20, and the g⊥ are in the range of 2.03 to 2.06. Furthesmore, the values of A‖ are in the range of 170 to 188 gauss, and the A ⊥ are in the range of 17 to 32 gauss. The data indicate that the structure of Cu(II) complexes is axial symmetry in square pyramidal form.


Background and Purpose:
 Active conductive head cooling (HC) is a simple and non-invasive intervention that may potentially slow infarct growth in patients with stroke. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI), we investigated the effect of HC on brain and systemic temperatures.

 Methods:
 A cooling cap (WElkins Temperature Regulation System, 2nd Gen) was used to administer HC for 80 minutes to healthy volunteers and patients at least 6 months following a large vessel occlusion stroke. Serial MRSI scans were obtained before and during HC. Brain temperature was estimated using the Metabolite Imaging and Data Analysis System software package, which allows voxel-level temperature calculations using the chemical shift difference between metabolite (N-acetylaspartate, creatine, choline) and water resonances. Rectal temperature, the 11-point Numerical Pain Rating Scale score, heart rate, and blood pressure were measured. The primary outcome was the mean difference in brain temperature before and after HC.

 Results:
 Eleven participants (6 healthy volunteers, and 5 post-stroke) had a total of 66 MRSI scans performed over 80±5 minutes of HC. An average absolute temperature of -1.3±0.5°C was delivered via the cooling cap to the scalp of the participants. Following HC, significant reductions in brain temperature (ΔT = -0.9±0.7°C,
 P
 =0.002), and to a lesser extent, rectal temperature (ΔT = -0.3±0.1°C,
 P
 =0.03) were observed. Linear regression analysis of all 66 MRSI scans showed a brain temperature-by-time gradient of -0.53°C per hour (
 P
 =0.001). In the stroke patients, the temperature-by-time gradient within the infarct was -0.60°C per hour (
 P
 =0.01). HC was well-tolerated, heart rate and blood pressure remained stable, the median (IQR) Numerical Pain Rating Scale score was 2.5 (1-3) at 80 minutes, and none developed shivering.

 Conclusions:
 HC was well-tolerated and resulted in potentially clinically meaningful reductions in brain and infarct temperature, with only slight reduction in systemic temperature. Future research should investigate the feasibility of HC as a potential neuroprotective strategy in patients being considered for acute stroke therapies such as mechanical thrombectomy.


The paper explaims the connotation of the corporate culture and its role and position in enterprises,points out the problems in establishing corporate culture and works out a plan for the Establishment of corporate culture.


A.AMORTISSEUR SHOCK FOR CONTAINER TRANSPORT ETOU RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL STORAGE. B.AMORTISSEUR CHARACTERIZED IN THAT INCLUDES MANY FUNDS AND WILLING RADIALLY AXIALLY FILLED SHOCK MATERIAL, CONSISTING OF PART 2 RING AND INTERNAL PART 3 MEETINGS IN HAT 1 FORM WHICH ARE sEPARATED BY A RIGID TUBE INSIDE TUBE AND 4 OF SEPARATION 5 TUBE INTERNAL HARD 4, 6 SLIDING ON THE END OF THE CONTAINER, CONNECTS TO A RECOVERY IS WITHIN 7. C.L'INVENTION APPLIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF VIOLENT IMPACT ON CONTAINER CARRYING RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL.


Techniques to speed reconstruction of a highway bridge in Ohio illustrate some of the challenges to bridge-building and potential solutions. The state has the second largest number of bridges in the U.S. and the seventh largest highway system. Additionally, portions of the state are gaining population, causing roads to become more crowded. The 2003 replacement of an aging bridge over the Scioto River on Rte. 22 used accelerated construction techniques because the existing bridge was too narrow to permit traffic to continue using it while construction was underway. Under the "Fast Track" program, the bridge was completed and open to traffic in 48 days. It was offered as a design-build project to encourage bidders to come up with time-saving techniques. The article describes various techniques used to speed construction. The article also includes strategies used to post a regular detour and an alternative that would be useful to travelers familiar with the secondary roads in the area.


The East Africa Participatory Design Conference (PDC) place seeks to catalyse engagement and learning between global PDC communities and East Africa. While there has been significant work in participatory design in Africa, much of it remains invisible to international fora, and vice versa. Moreover, much of the ways by which research and innovation in Design is articulated in Africa, differs from how it is at top tier academic venues, further marginalising participation and contribution from African geographies. The East Africa PDC place attempts to tackle these by 1) engaging academics and industry practitioners in Africa in defining and showcasing participatory design work in the region (both East Africa in particular and Africa in general), and 2) making visible to the East Africa community research from PDC that is relevant or interesting to the continent.


Nurses in the criminal justice system have an important part to play in monitoring patients with health problems, the RCN has urged.


The Turkish history thesis represents a major transformation in the early Republican history studies. New history studies, which started with the directive of Ataturk in 1928, reached a conclusion in 1932 and the Turkish history thesis emerged. In fact, even during this period, the thesis, which caused some differences in academic circles, is now subject to greater criticism and is being understood with different evaluations. This controversial position of the Turkish history thesis stems from the imposition of political meanings on the part of its history discipline. The common attitude developed by academic circles is that the thesis is produced to meet a need arising from internal and external political concerns. However, different attitudes are observed about the content, function, quality, contributions or damages of the thesis. Although this seems natural, such approaches, which are as sharp as black and white, pose a serious problem about how the Turkish history thesis should be positioned in the historical process. As a field in which objectivity is minimized, the Turkish history thesis needs to be understood rather than judgment. Therefore, this study aims to try to understand the thesis by bringing together different approaches in Turkish academic history. As a result of the research, it was seen that the problematic areas where academics and writers were separated focused on the reasons of the emergence of the thesis, its political-ideological character and the scientificness of the thesis.


1 Introduction 2 Alkali-Metal Atoms 3 Wave Functions and Schroedinger Space 4 Density Matrix and Liouville Space 5 Optical Pumping of Atoms 6 Quasi-Steady-State Optical Pumping 7 Modulation 8 Light Propagation 9 Radiation Forces 10 Relaxation of Polarized Atoms 11 Mathematical Appendix


Kim, Jwa Jin was born of a wealthy family. Although he could live a rich life, he was engaged in the National Debt Redemption Movement and National Independence Movement. It was caused by Patriotism enlightenment thought and National thought which was built up during the early part of his life. He released the slaves of his family and played an active role in a National Debt Redemption Movement. Also, he took part in the establishment of Homyeong School and devoted himself to educational modernization movement in Hongseong by selecting gifted and talented students and sending them to schools in Seoul. After the Japanese Forced Occupation, he established the Ichangyanghaeng and Yeomjik Company to make a lodgement for the Independence Movement. He also was taken to jail because of supplying war funds for leading the Independence Movement in Manchuria. His Independence Movement in Korea, however, became more active after affiliating the Taehan Kwangbokhae(Korean Restoration Association). In the Taehan Kwangbokhae, he devoted himself to collecting war funds, and was chased by Japanese Police when counterfeiting note for using war funds. The Taehan Kwangbokhae dispatched him to Manchuria. After being dispatched to Manchuria, The Taehan Kwangbokhae in Korea was broken up so that he could not be active as a member of the Taehan Kwangbokhae. While staying in Manchuria, he supported domestic groups for Independence Movement and sent agents to collecting war funds with the preparing attacks on Korean Peninsula. He also organized secret society such as Amsaldan and Geongukdan for the purpose of gaining independence by armed intervention. He supported domestic secret societies and sent agents for them. Also he collected war funds for attacks on Korean Peninsula. Because Kim, Jwa Jin became the symbol of armed combat in Manchuria, his activities in Korea and the relationship with domestic secret societies were relatively devalued and there were not enough studies on these activities in the History of Independence Movement. As examined in this study, however, Kim, Jwa Jin played active roles in the National Independence Movement in Korea and these activities should be reevaluated in the History of Independence Movement.


In order to investigate the effects of various concentrations of ccc and artificial pollination on the components and behavior of Alfalfa seeds, an experiment of splitting plots with completely randomized blocks and three replications was performed in two-purpose fields (seed-forage) of Boroujerd' s research agricultural station. Basic treatment includes artificial pollination through stretching the rope in two stages at 70% levels of pollination which was replicated in 100% pollination stage as compared to control treatment and the second treatment involves different concentrations of Cycocel Hormone (0, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4 liter/ha). The results obtained by analysis of variance indicated that the effects of artificial pollination on the bush length are significant at 5% level in the hormone treatment and considering the number of seeds at artificial pollination and hormone levels, they were significant at the levels of 5 and 1 percents, respectively. In this study, the minimum rate of length and maximum number of seeds were demonstrated by the levels of 6.4 liter and 70%+100%. [Nikzad S, Arefi S, Farsi M, Nikzad M, Nikzad M. Studying the Effects of Artificial Pollination and Cycocel Hormone on the Germination Traits of Hamedani Alfalfa Seed. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):5911-5913] (ISSN:10978135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 885


The novel technique is introduced of Rough Set Theory to reduce the size of the day wise hourly load consumption data set of a power system. The reduction is achieved in two ways, hour wise as well as day wise. The reduced data set can be useful in diverse power system applications in future such as the inputs for training the Artificial Neural Networks in short term load forecasting and also for data classification and diagnostic operations.


Reading the book, though, does not help the reader to draw conclusions. Many readers must be forgiven for asking 'So, what?' Indeed, the 'conclusion' on p141 states 'The picture we have assembled is complex and difficult to summarize in any form. Clearly, work of this type must be continued.' So we have here only a first glimpse of what is happening. One imagines that to bring issues into clear focus, a larger scale, carefully planned, statistically rigorous research study will be necessary. Unfortunately, so far, we do not appear o have even the outlines of some hypotheses upon which to base such a study.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and positive/negative perfectionism, anger, and emotional adjustment of students. The research was a correlationl study. The population consisted of all graduate students of University of Ardabil in 2013. From among them, 234 students were sampled using random sampling. The research tools consisted of Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Scale (1987), Terry-short, et. al. Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (1995), Rezakhani Anger Control questionnaire (2010) and Raynolds Emotional Adjustment questionnaire (2001). The data were analyzed through Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. The results of multiple linear regression indicated that insecure attachment styles (avoidant, ambivalent) could only predict negative perfectionism and ambivalent attachment style could predict anger (P<0.05). On the other hand, secure attachment styles (avoidant and ambivalent) could predict emotional adjustment (P<0.05). Attachment patterns can determine many behaviors, emotions and adults' relations. They are necessary for personality growth and are the base for mental health. The results of this study emphasize the importance of interaction in childhood, its effect on the growth and mental health in adulthood, and can be the background for counseling.


Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) with catalyst can remove NOx effectively from diesel exhaust gas, the solid catalyst particles in the type of one section DBD reactor can play the role of barrier, lead to improve the discharge power effectively. The effect rule of the particle diameter which filled in the DBD reactor on the discharge power is studied by establishing mathematical model and testing in this paper. The results show that the discharge power first increase and decrease afterwards with the improving of material filler diameter, as well as the effect of particle diameter on the discharge power is more significant in pace with the input voltage rising. The gap enhances with particle diameter increases when the filler particle diameter is lager than the peak in the DBD reactor, under the same conditions, gap capacitance is less than solid particles capacitance, reducing the total capacitance decrease, so discharge power decreases with the particle diameter increases. When the filler particle diameter is less than the peak, the thickness of the equivalent capacitance of solid particles becomes smaller with the particle diameter decreases, susceptible to breakdown, the capacitance reducing, so discharge power falls with the particle diameter decreases. The discharge enhances with the input voltage increases, the effective area improving while the maximum effective discharge area is related to the particle diameter, so the effects of particle diameter on the discharge power is enhanced with the input voltage increases. The filler particle diameter has little effect on the total input power of the reactor because the total input energy is not only consumed for the system discharge, but also resulted heat the system. Theoretical model has the basically variation trend with experimental test results, the result provides the theoretical basis for selecting a suitable diameter of catalyst particles in catalytic reactions which assisted with DBD.


Background The potency of anesthetics with various structures increases exponentially with lipophilicity, which is the Meyer-Overton (MO) correlation discovered over 120 years ago. The MO correlation was also observed with various biological effects and various chemicals, including alcohols; thus, the correlation represents a fundamental relationship between chemicals and organisms. The MO correlation was explained by the lipid and protein theories, although the debate has not been resolved and the principle remains unknown. Methods The gentle hydration method was used to form giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) consisting of high- and low-melting phospholipids and cholesterol in the presence of n-alcohols (C2-C12). Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to determine the percentage of GUVs with domains in relation to the concentrations of n-alcohols. Results n-Alcohols inhibited the domain formation of GUVs, and the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the aqueous phase decreased exponentially with increasing chain length (lipophilicity). In contrast, the membrane concentrations of alcohols for the inhibition, which is a product of the membrane-water partition coefficient and the IC50 values, remained constant irrespective of the chain length. Conclusions The MO correlation is established in artificial lipid membrane, which supports the lipid theory. When alcohols reach the same critical concentration in the membrane, similar biological effects appear irrespective of the chain length, which is the principle underlying the MO correlation. Summary Statement n-Alcohols inhibit the domain formation of giant unilamellar vesicles according to the Meyer-Overton correlation.


Abstract: CD45 is the most prominent membrane protein on lymphocytes. The function and regulation of this protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) remains largely obscure, mainly because of the lack of a known ligand and it still remains unknown whether such tyrosine phosphatases are subject to extracellular control at all. We report that an anti-CD45RB antibody that prevents rejection and induces tolerance, activates CD45RB tyrosine phosphatase enzymatic activity in T lymphocytes allowing us to directly monitor the effects of increased CD45RB activity on signal transduction. By employing both kinase substrate peptide arrays as well as conventional biochemistry, we also provide evidence of the various kinases involved in bringing about the inhibitory effect of this antibody on CD3 induced TCR signaling. Furthermore, we report that activated CD45RB translocates to lipid rafts and interferes with lipid raft localization and activation state of CD45 substrate Lck. Thus, these findings indeed prove that CD45 is subject to extracellular control and also define a novel mechanism by which receptor tyrosine phosphatases control lymphocyte biology and provide further insight into the intracellular signaling pathways effected by anti-CD45RB mAb treatment. From bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org by guest on June 13, 2013. For personal use only.


Dynamic-inversion has been shown to be an effective control structure for the nonlinear and multi-bodied dynamics of a flight motion simulator. This paper investigates the robustness of dynamic-inversion control to perturba tions in the dynamics model. In particular, actuator dynamics and viscous friction are considered, and a dynamic-inversion controller is compared to a conventional controller with proportional-derivative plus acceleration feedback. Results indicate the dynamic -inversion controller reduces the angular position error while accepting a larger bandwidth o f motion compared to the conventional controller.


Abstract : The goals of this thesis are (1) to design and test a two-axis surface wave source and two-axis surface wave receiver and (2) to investigate the use of surface waves to detect buried objects in water saturated sand. Results of measurements confirm the ability to generate particle motions in water saturated sand consistent with surface wave excitation. However, limitations in the size of the test tank prohibit a thorough investigation of the ability of the source and receiver to selectively excite and detect surface waves


Aluminum nitride thin films grown by reactive AC magnetron sputtering are characterized using several metrology techniques to examine the correlation between surface quality, microstructure and piezoelectric properties. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy are employed to characterize the microstructure. A range of substrate coatings is explored to understand the impact of topography on film crystallinity and piezoelectric performance. A first order approximation model providing the piezoelectric characteristics as a function of the c-axis misorientation in the mosaic-structured wurtzite AlN films is presented. While the model predicts only a small e/sub 33, eff/ and kt change for a misorientation distribution of FWHM of less than 5 degrees, it services as an indication of the impact of AlN crystallinity on film piezoelectric properties.


The objective of potato production in the former GDR was full self-sufficiency. Only a small part of potato production was manufactured. Potato consumption in East and West Germany shows great differences. The adaption to conditions of a market economy resulted in considerable reduction of the potato acreage and potato production. In future, the East German potato economy is to be stabilized by improvements in quality and potato processing.


One of the problems that arise during the design of a fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor is signal filtering. A high noise level occurs due to the optoelectronic conversion and the low power of the initial signal. A low signal-to-noise ratio leads to degradation characteristics of the fiber-optic temperature sensor. Averaging of multiple signals is often used to solve this problem. It significantly reduces device performance. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate and develop effective methods of signal filtering. In this paper, a filtering method based on the wavelet transform is considered. The method consists in splitting the signal into frequency bands by discrete wavelet transform and restoring the signal from the selected frequency bands. But at the same time, the choice of a wavelet plays a significant role. This paper discusses Bi-orthogonal wavelets, Daubechies, Coiflets, and Symlets. As a result, optimal wavelets were found for filtering the signal from the fiber-optic temperature sensor. An important advantage of this method is a slight decrease in spatial resolution with a significant reduction of noise level.


In the coronary cardiopathy the test of physical effort jeopardizes the work of the heart causing a maximum force to create a disparity of the sanguineous flow between the areas normally perfusion and those that are it jeopardize by the obstructed artery; in order to identify this difference of perfusion the administration of a radio-drug able is necessary to get up itself to the viable muscle weave and to be able to acquire images through one gammacamera. 1 Is for that reason important to establish the specific interventions that it develops the health professional before, during and after made the procedure.


A granular gas composed of inelastic hard spheres or disks in the homogeneous cooling state is considered. Some of the particles are labeled and their number density exhibits a time-independent linear profile along a given direction. As a consequence, there is a uniform flux of labeled particles in that direction. It is shown that the inelastic Boltzmann-Enskog kinetic equation has a solution describing this self-diffusion state. Approximate expressions for the transport equation and the distribution function of labeled particles are derived. The theoretical predictions are compared with simulation results obtained using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method to generate solutions of the kinetic equation. A fairly good agreement is found.


A survey of engineers and scientists at NASA's Langley Research Center (LaRC) and in the academic/industrial communities was conducted to determine the opinions of readers concerning the format (organization) of NASA technical reports and usage of technical report components. A survey questionnaire was sent to 513 LaRC engineers and scientists and 600 engineers and scientists from three (3) professional/technical societies. The survey response rates were 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. The questionnaire contained 14 questions covering 12 survey topics. The results of two of these survey topics - the order in which users read components (Survey Topic 1) and the components reviewed or read to determine whether to read the entire report (Survey Topic 2) - are presented in this paper.


An argument that is frequently defended when developing Islamic economics is that the Western approach cannot be excluded. Hence, either this approach is used exclusively or in part; it can be accepted as long as it does not contradict Islamic values. This is the approach that has infiltrated mainstream Islamic economic thinking; however, some scholars have chosen a different viewpoint, feeling that it is rather odd that Islamic economics has been developed according to a non-Islamic approach. Muhammad Syukri Salleh emerged from this group of scholars. When creating a concept based on the views of Islamic universalism, his thoughts were inside a new box and not outside the box. He felt an urgent need for Islamic economics to be built according to an Islamic framework based on an Islamic worldview as an epistemology; he redefined various concepts and principles. The findings in this article were summarised based on a textual analysis of several of his literary works on aspects such as economics, interviews and observations. The article creates a vivid image of a contemporary Islamic economics scholar.


In this paper, we described the development of a drag augmentation device for nanosatellite. Recently, space industry has entered the New Space era, and barriers to entry into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for artificial objects such as small rockets and nanosatellite mega constellations have been significantly lowered. As a result, the number of space debris is increasing exponentially, and it is approaching as a major threat to satellite currently in operation as well as satellites to be launched in near future. To prevent this, international organizations like Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) have been proposed space debris mitigation guidelines. The Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) conducted KARI Rendezvous & Docking demonstration SATellite (KARDSAT) project, the first nanosatellites for rendezvous and docking technology demonstration in Korea, and we also developed drag augmentation device for KARDSAT Target nanosatellite that complied with the international guideline of post-mission disposal.


The paper considers the current state of the Russian Academy of Sciences and its role in innovative development of Russia.


Introduction: Hibiscus sabdariifa is a natural dye, generally called roselle. Most of Synthetic dye  have been established to cause toxicity. The aim of this research was to determine the staining effect of different concentration of Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts at various pH, duration on fungal staining.
Methods: Standard Gomori's metenaine silver stains as control and Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts (alcoholic and aqueous) were used to stain a fungal (Aspergillus spp) positive lung tissue, using various concentration (5% and 10%) of the extract, with change of pH achieved by treating the extracts with ammonium hydroxide and glacial acetic acid at various duration (30 seconds and 1 hour respectively), each was used for staining Aspergillus spp in tissue section as a primary stain replacing (4% Chromic acid, sodium metabisulphite, Hexamine working silver solution and Sodium thiosulphate).
Results: All extracts after treatment were acidic, the fungi were  best demonstrated with Aqueous hibiscus stains (5% untreated, 10% untreated and 5% glacial acetic acid treated) at longer duration, staining the capsule, light to dark-brown in a light-green background when compared with the alcoholic hibiscus stain. Few of the alcoholic hibiscus stains show metachromatic property. The Hibiscus stains stained better at longer duration and the change of pH was indirectly proportional to the staining ability of the hibiscus stains.
Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that hibiscus plant extract have the potential for use in the morphological identification of fungi in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue section.


Suspensions rich in pancreatic fl-cells were prepared from non-inbred ob/ob-mice, incu- bated with lO4uM-chlorotetracycline, and analysed for fluorescence polarization in a microscope. Throughout the temperature range 16-380C, fluorescence was enhanced by 5mM- Ca2+ in the incubation medium; 20mM-D-glucose decreased the fluorescence measured in the presence of Ca2+. Fluorescence showed a curvilinear negative regression on tem- perature. The curves were rectified to a virtually ideal degree by Arrhenius transformations of data. Non-parametric testing of differences between linearized regression lines forms the basis for the following conclusions. The temperature-dependence of fluorescence intensity appeared to be smaller for Ca2+-specific signals than for the background fluor- escence of chlorotetracycline in Ca2+-deficient cells. D-Glucose significantly diminished the polarization offluorescence in cells incubated with Ca2+. It is suggested that D-glucose increases the mobility of Ca2+ in fl-cell plasma membranes; this mobility increase may help to explain previously reported effects of D-glucose on 45Ca2+ fluxes and membrane electric potential.


The gap between the learning outcomes resulted from national surveys and the European competency levels, persuaded Italian schools to consider the introduction of changes in the school system, in order to achieve improvements and make educational paths more effective. Such considerations highlight the necessity of promoting and supporting a renewed culture of evaluation, by adopting new assessment approaches on which didactic decision-making processes can be based, in order to get a better educational quality. In the past few years, such need led to a series of projects that involved all school levels in different moments, and were based on the assumption that the improvement of learning results and teaching quality standards must be essentially related to a strong renewal of teachers training. The "Information and Training Plan on the OCSE-PISA Survey and Other National and International Researches", financially supported by the PON funds, develops a possible operative response to these requests, proposing possible working paths towards didactic and organizational changes, and towards the production of a knowledge that fits the current social demands.


Technological innovation began long ago, and if we start at its origin, and slowly breakdown its progression to present day, a significant role, and purpose begins to emerge. However, technology is now smarter than ever, and despite being able to refer to the past, there are countless uncertainties regarding the current capabilities, and the predetermined path of automation and computerisation. Moreover, there is much to be discovered surrounding the role of technology within income inequality. How much of the inequality and progression of trends can we attribute to technology? Will technology displace the majority of human labor hours? It is becoming more clear, as new research is completed, that technology has not even begun to run its course, and that human labor is definitely at risk, but to what extent?


Recently, the associations between COVID-19 and its comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, immunosuppression, and other diseases have been reported in the many studies [1]. However, there is no clear evidence about whether patients with asthma were at a higher risk of severe or fatal COVID-19.


OBJECTIVE To explore the species of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in the lung cancer patients and observe the impact on the hospitalization costs and length of hospital stay.METHODS A total of 300 lung cancer patients who were treated in the oncology department from Jan 2007 to Jun 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,then 50 patients with nosocomial infections were assigned as the observation group,50 matched patients without nosocomial infections were set as the control group,and the hospitalization costs and length of hospital stay were observed and compared between the two groups.RESULTS Among the pathogens causing nosocomial infections in the patients of the observation group,the gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68.0%,the fungi26.0%,the gram-positive bacteria 6.0%.The mean hospitalization cost was(27 366.5±5 132.47)yuan in the observation group,(19 275.25±4 212.56)yuan in the control group;the length of hospital stay was(26.5±3.55)days in the observation group,(19.5±2.75)days in the control group,there was significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).In the observation group,the hospitalization cost was high,the length of hospital stay was long,the respiratory tract infections were common,and the gram-negative bacteria and fungi were dominant among the pathogens causing the infections.CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria and fungi are the predominant pathogens causing nosocomial infections in the lung cancer patients;the occurrence of the nosocomial infections may increase the hospitalization cost and extend the length of hospital stay,to which the hospital should pay high attention to.


In the United States, about 1/3 of seniors die with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) or a related dementia. Age, family history, education, and lifestyle are some of the most important factors leading to AD among adults. This research paper investigates how to motivate adults who are 50 years or older to visit a/their primary physician regularly in order to discover AD in the early stage by the influence of three triggers. Fogg's Behavioral Model (FBM) was used as the basis for this study. This research involved conducting semi-structured interviews in three case studies using three triggers: oral documentation, video, and a smartphone app. The findings showed that the smartphone app and the oral documentation triggers had a positive impact in motivating people to have the intention to carry out the target behavior. However, the video trigger had low impact in terms of motivating people.


Contemporary storage systems separate the management of data from the management of the underlying physical storage media used to store that data. This separation is artificial and increases the overall burden of managing such systems. We propose a new management layer that unifies data and storage management without any loss of control over either the data or the storage.

The new management layer consists of three basic entities: data sets, which describe the data managed by the system, policies that specify rules for the management of data sets, and resource pools that represent storage that can be used to implement the policies for the data sets. Using data sets and policies, data administrators are able to directly manage their data, even though that requires them to indirectly manage the underlying storage infrastructure. The storage administrator retains control over what the data administrator can do to the storage.

This new management layer provides the infrastructure necessary to build mechanisms that automate or simplify many administrative tasks, including the necessary coordination between the data and storage administrators. We describe Protection Manager, the first tool that uses this management layer to present storage management in the context of data management tasks that the data administrator wants to perform, and evaluate the effectiveness of using this management layer as a way to automate backups.


Abstract When they voted to tax themselves to support the overhaul of their city's library system, Seattleites expected to play a leading role in deciding how those funds would be spent—particularly in the case of the city's new Central Library. Throughout the design process, the public's input was solicited and catalogued—but because the library and design team controlled both the major design decisions and the discourse surrounding that design, the public's input had only limited effect. A case study of the communication surrounding the design of the Seattle Public Library illuminates the discursive system that frames the design agenda, informs the design itself, and defines the extent of public involvement.


[Extract] The proposal for constitutional recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians is in the news again, with Tony Abbott putting the brakes on anything that looks like a 'bill of rights'. At the moment, it's looking like a split argument as between 'minimalists' and others - just as occurred with the republic referendum all those years ago.

I've written about my own views on constitutional recognition, suggesting that a full suite of changes is necessary to achieve the goal. In this post though, I'll explore another minimalist change to rights - that of married women's property. My suggestion is that in failing to be ambitious in the change ushered in, what looks like a win only really reinforces the status quo.


Piggyback transport is an important mode of highway-railway international transportation. The quality of loading and securement is directly related to the safety of transportation. This paper analyzed the piggyback transport vehicle system wheel blocking device using a combination of theoretical calculations and real vehicle tests. The results show that the wheel blocking device meets the requirements of piggyback transport in terms of strength and blocking effect.


Summary form only given. A multiple-mirror Rayleigh/Raman LIDAR has been assembled at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (Rome, Italy). The system is installed in two containers, in order to allow its deployment to remote locations. Two beams at 532 nm and 355 nm, emitted by a Nd:YAG laser, are sent vertically into the atmosphere. The former is used to measure the elastic backscatter return, while the latter is used for measuring the Raman backscatter of N/sub 2/ and water vapor.


The benefits of research experience for (he undergraduate students cannot be overestimated. Such an activity not only greatly enhances the students' academic peformance but also prepares them for their future career fields. On the other hand, research conducted by undergraduate engineering students is particularly dijficult to initiate because these students lack the experience to cary out scholarly work. To achieve rensonoblesuccess, we should make use of the background ofthe students, such as their familiarity with undergraduate-level laboratory exercises. When successfully performed, the students' research results not only in personal satisfaction but also in a practical contribution in the academic laboratory. This paper describes how we developed a research component for undergraduate students in Telecommunications Program at the New York City College of Technoloa, based on a program called the Alliance for Minority prticipation in Science, Mathematics, Enginecring and Technology WE describe the AMP program and activities this program supports. We also present the results of student research accumulated over several years. The paper concludes with a description of how the results ofstudent research have been implemented in the laboratory exercises of o regular


The energies of the lowest $^2P_u$, $^4P_g$ and $2D_g$ states of the boron atom are calculated with $\mu$hartree accuracy, in the basis of symmetrized, explicitly correlated Gaussian lobe functions. Finite nuclear mass and scalar relativistic corrections are taken into account. This study contributes to the problem of the energy differences between doublet and quartet states of boron, which have not been measured to date. It is found that the $^2P_u\rightarrow^4P_g$ excitation energy, recommended in the Atomic Spectra Database, appears underestimated by more than 300~cm$^{-1}$.


Objective To detect c-myc expression in cervical squamous carcinoma, and to study the relation of c-myc expression to human papillomavirus type 16 and 18(HPV16/18)E6 expression. Methods Immunohisto-chemical method was used to detect c-myc and E6 expression in 21 cases of chronic cervicitis, 40 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasm(GIN)and 71 cases of invasive cervical squamous carcinoma.Results High positive rate of c-myc expression was found in cervicitis, GIN Ⅰ , GIN Ⅱand GINⅢ , but the positive rate decreased significantly in invasive cervical carcinoma; c-myc positive rate showed no significant difference between those of E6 positive and those of E6 negative. Conclusions c-myc expression rate in invasive cervical squamous carcinoma decreased significantly, and no relationship between c-myc expression and HPV16/18 E6 expression.


The thesis discusses a fuzzy query method for web database under the circumstance of fat clients.Based on the principle of general query disposal, a new concept of integrity of website is put forward, that is a soft factor of evaluation for designing of website. The integrity function is also given to describe the new concept. The thesis also discusses that with the method of fuzzy query combined with supermedia query, the term number in multilevel query will be decreased while the integrity of website will be increased effectively. A model for fuzzy query designing, is proposed and a designing formula is also put forward to meet the requirement of term number in multilevel query. In addition, a supermedia query method is also introduced in the thesis, which can implement the multilevel query effectively.


Cobalt selenide thin films were prepared onto tin oxide-coated glass substrates by electrodeposition method.The electrochemical mechanisms for this thin film formation were investigated by cyclic voltammetry(CV),and the results show that cobalt selenide compound phases are formed via either surface induced reduction by predeposited selenium or directly reaction with H2Se from six electron reduction of H2SeO3.It is also found that films' stoichiometry and morphology are significantly influenced by deposition potential,deposition temperature and pH value.Se-rich CoSe thin films with hexagonal crystal structure and compact morphology can be obtained at deposition potential of ?0.5V(vs SCE),deposition temperature of 50℃ and pH value of 2.0.The electrodeposited CoSe film shows an optical absorption coefficient of higher than 1×105 cm?1,and an optical band gap of(1.53±0.01) eV which is close to the theoretical optimization value of the light absorption layer materials in single-junction solar cell.


The sociological research on the marriage migrant women has been mainly of the women's victimized reality as subjects of human trafficking marriages. It is high time for a full-scale research on the cultural hybrid phenomena of these women who are now rising as the subjects of migrant culture formation. Focusing on the premise of cross-border marriage as 'the hybridization through the meeting of two cultures,' a cultural analysis looking into the discourses surrounding marriage has been attempted, centralizing on Bhabha's and Young's cultural hybridity theories and Minh-ha's discussion of othering. The promotional material that marriage agencies offer in regard to South Asian culture, such as marriage, family values, and attitudes toward sexuality, plays a significant role in the Korean man's selection of a wife, and is thus a most important factor in cultural hybridization. This study analyzes the various cultures related to marriage migration, the modes of hybridization, promotional material and postscrip ts written by bridegrooms, and a TV program. Tracing two trends of the maledominated unilateral process of marriage and cultural assimilation and the process of cultural hybridity in which woman's agency is performed, prospects for a positive hybridization in which one culture does not emerge into the other could be made.


Professional Behavior (PB) is an observable behavior which reflects professional values, proven by behavior, speech and appearance that can increase patients" confidence of their doctor. PB is a component of professionalism which receives a lot of attention by the institution of medical education in Indonesia, with special reference to its pluralism, multicultural and multiethnic diversity. This qualitative study was conducted to identify the PB attributes adjusted for the Indonesian context. The data collection included: 1) literature study; 2) in-depth interviews and 3) Focus Group Discussions (FGD). Participants interviewed were the chairman of the Center for Pancasila Study (PSP), chairman of center for religious cross cultural studies (CRCS) , artists and Catholic, Hindu and Muslim religious leaders. Participant selection was purposeful, based on their links with the characteristic aspects of Indonesia. The FGD participants were the pertinent stakeholders and experts associated with the Medical and Health sciences education, health practitioners and physicians. Total of 26 FGD participants were grouped into 3 groups. Following analysis by the researchers, the qualitative data transcripts from FGD and interviews were randomly verified by other researchers. The qualitative data on the PB attributes from the literature and the interviews and FGDs were classified and categorized in three stages to avoid overlap, and collated to obtain the final PB attributes. The results of this study indicated the presence of 34 of 133 identified PB attributes. The five PB attributes found in all sources were: 1) respect, 2) honesty; 3) integrity; 4) responsibility and 5) altruism. There were attributes only obtained from the Indonesian sources, namely a faith or belief in God Almighty. All PB could be realized best when based on the faith in the Lord as internal motivation. Amanah, Siddiq, Tablig, and Fathonah have long been important teachings for one of the biggest religions in Indonesia (Islam) in which honesty, integrity and responsibility are implied within it, three attributes of the five essential attributes gained from this research.


A twelve-channel magnetic pair-spectrometer was used in studies of gamma radiation from synchrotrongenerated pi -meson decay. The apparatus is capable of measuring gamma -energy spectra at 20 to 600 Mev. (tr-auth)


The perturbation theory around the classical solution of two dimensional non-linear field equation is developed by using the collective coordinate method of Gervais, Jevicki and Sakita (GJS). In contrast to GJS, the separation of the soliton degree of freedom is made Lorentz invariant. As an example of such calculation the soliton energy for a fixed momen tum is computed explicitly up to one loop in the ¢'-field theory. It is shown that the fluctuation around the kink solution makes a finite contribution to the quantum correction for the mass of soliton since all ultraviolet divergences can be removed by renormalization. Discussions about the formulation and its results are given, compared with those of GJS.


Recent observations of the angular correlation spectra in the decays 4 He ∗ → 4 He + e + e − and 8 Be ∗ → 8 Be+ e + e − have been suggested as due to the creation and subsequent decay to an electron-positron pair of a new light particle with a mass of ∼ 17 MeV. In this work, we present a calculation of the invariant m e + e − mass spectrum of the electromagnetic transition of an excited state of helium and estimate the differential and total width of the decay. We investigate the possibility that the source of the signal is an e + e − pair created by a new electromagnetic decay of 4 He caused by a proposed 12-quark hidden-color Fock state in the 4 He nuclear wavefunction, the "hexadiquark." We find that we can fit the shape of the signal with the QCD Fock state at excitation energy E ∗ (cid:39) 17 . 9 MeV and a Gaussian form factor for the electromagnetic decay. We address the physical issues with the fit parameters using properties of the hexadiquark state. In light of this work, we emphasize the need for independent experimental confirmation or refutation of the ATOMKI results as well as further experiments to detect the proposed new excitation of 4 He.


This article analyses the current way advertising is run by Spanish advertisers, as well as the tendencies and new working outlooks for the next few years. The current changes taking place in advertising communication are the starting point for this research project of an applied nature, whose results are presented here. This context of change is characterised by technological advances, the hegemony of the consumer, and changes in the media, professional routines and the relationships and structure of the corporate advertiser. The main objectives of the research were to understand the role of advertising within the general structure of the company, analyse the relationship of the advertiser with the agents involved in the communications industry and identify the main problems which are causing the present system of advertising to move towards new working methods. Using qualitative methodology -in-depth interviews of major Spanish advertisers- as a basis, we proceeded to the analysis of the main subject areas in the way advertising is run by the advertisers and the discourses which articulate the advertisers' understanding of the practice of communication.


The paper provides information about the treatment of snake bite by tribal people of Kotia hills of Vizianagaram district. The ethnomedicine comes from 17 plant species belonging to 17 genera and 14 families of Magnoliophyta. The tribal inhabitants of the study area largely constitutes of Mannedora, Kondadora, Jatapu and Savara. The documentation of these medicinal plants against snake bite reveals that these ethnic people are still dependent on local vegetation for their life care.


The EIS characteristics of an anodic type anticorrosion coating prepared with Al-Mg alloy were studied.Through fitting and analyzing the Nyquist graphs,the characteristic equivalent circuit was put forward,the relationship between the change of EIS and film property was discussed.The effect mechanism of Al-Mg alloy anodic pigment was theoretically deduced.


In the news article by Dyer, Professor Charles Warlow reports that confidentiality guidelines from the GMC (and NHS) are much more stringent than required by law.1

The article, if not Professor Warlow, implies that the Data Protection …


We present deep optical imaging observations of 2 square degree area, covered by the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS), made by the prime-focus Camera (SupremeCam) on the 8.2m Subaru Telescope. Observations were done in six broad-band [B (4459.7 Å), g (4723.1 Å), V (5483.8 Å), r (6213.0 Å), i (7640.8 Å), z (8855.0 Å)], and one narrow-band (NB816) filters. A total of 10 galaxies were detected to i ∼ 26.5 mag. These data, combined with observations at u and K-band are used to construct the photometric catalogs for the COSMOS and to measure their photometric redshifts, multi-band spectral energy distributions, stellar masses and identification of high redshift candidates. This catalog provides multi-waveband data for scientific analysis of the COSMOS survey. Subject headings: galaxies: evolution — galaxies: interaction


The uremic syndrome can be defined as a deterioration of biochemical and physiologic functions, in parallel with the progression of renal failure, resulting in complex and variable symptomatology (1-3). The compounds that accumulate in the uremic blood and tissues during the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), directly or indirectly due to a deficient renal clearance, are called uremic retention solutes. These retention solutes may modify biochemical or physiologic func- tions; if they do so, they contribute to the uremic syndrome. Only a few solutes have an established role as uremic toxins. According to Bergstrom, apart from inorganic compounds, urea, oxalic acid, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and b2-micro- globulin conform to the most strict definition of uremic toxins (4). However, this does not preclude a potential toxic role for various other retention solutes (5). The following factors, which are not always considered, might affect uremic solute concentration and their impact on biologic functions. (1) In addition to classical sources of ure- mic solutes such as dietary protein breakdown, alternative sources such as environment, herbal medicines, or psychedelic drugs may play a role in uremic toxicity. (2) Many solutes with toxic capacity enter the body through the intestine. Changes in the composition of intestinal flora, or changes in intestinal production and absorption, might alter their serum concentra- tion. (3) Some uremic solutes interfere with functions that directly affect the biochemical action of other solutes: the expression of PTH receptors, the response to 1,25(OH)2 vita- min D3, as well as the protein binding and breakdown of several other solutes. (4) Most uremic patients are prescribed a host of drugs. Interference of drugs with protein binding and/or tubular secretion of uremic solutes will influence their biologic effect. (5) Lipophilic compounds may be responsible at least in part for functional alterations in uremia. ( 6) The impact of residual renal function on uremic solute retention should not be neglected. (7) The main strategy that has been used up to now to decrease uremic solute concentration is dialysis, but dialysis is nonspecific and removes essential compounds as well. (8) Uremic solutes accumulate not only in the plasma but also in the cells, where most of the biologic activity is exerted. Re- moval of intracellular compounds during dialysis through the cell membrane may be hampered, resulting in multicompart- mental kinetics and inadequate detoxification. It is of note that lower morbidity and mortality are observed in patients submit- ted to long dialysis sessions (6,7). Compounds may be cleared more efficiently with continuous or long-lasting low efficiency strategies, because removal is more gradual. Our views on the uremic syndrome and several uremic solutes have changed substantially during the last decade. Therefore, it was thought timely to summarize the present state of knowledge about the biochemical, physiologic, and/or clin- ical impact of those compounds that have been subjected to relatively thorough evaluation during these last 10 years. Spe- cific attention was also paid to generation and removal pat- terns.


JSP and servlet provide powerful support for building web application.Unfortunately,many developers usually ignore some important issues and create web application with poor maintainability and testability.The layering component technologies are discussed and used to construct components of the web presentation layer,which are composed of controller component,value transfer component,user session management component,format component and testing component.This method is able to construct new systems rapidly that can satisfy user demands,and to improve the system reusability.In a result,the cost of developing and maintaining system is reduced,and testability,maintainability and reusability are enhanced.A new way is also provided for the development of web ap-plication.


THE goal of pharmaceutical research is to find drugs with desirable therapeutic properties and low risks of undesirable side effects. Drugs with such high therapeutic ratios are usually sought as n...


PURPOSE: A magnetic clutch apparatus or a magnetic fan clutch apparatus is provided to reduce noise of the fan and load by switching and controlling the direction of magnetic flux of the permanent magnet or the electromagnetic clutch and changing rpm of the output shaft. CONSTITUTION: An electromagnetic clutch(3) is mounted to an input shaft(1), and a magnetic coupling(4) is mounted to an output shaft(11). The electromagnetic clutch and the magnetic coupling are surrounded by a case(18) rotated and supported by the input shaft and the output shaft through bearings. The electromagnetic clutch comprises a clutch rotor(3-1), and a magnetic coil(3-2) fixed to the clutch rotor in the case. The magnetic coupling has a permanent magnet rotating body(4-1), a permanent magnet(4-2), magnetic loop elements(5a,5b), an armature(6), a disk(4-3) with a fan(4-5), and a conductor(4-4). The permanent magnet is installed in the permanent magnet rotating body, and composed of plural circumferential poles. The magnetic loop elements are arranged alternately around the permanent magnet.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive initial evaluation of the wealth transfer hypothesis as applied to the second-stage events and announcements that follow carve-outs during the period from 1983 to 2004. Design/methodology/approach - Using daily security prices, such combinations are shown to have multi-faceted wealth transfers and wealth creation. Findings - In contrast with the wealth losses found in previous studies, wealth increases are observed for parent stockholders and bondholders in the spin-off announcement and event phases for combination carve-outs and spin-offs. Also, the spin-off is the most prevalent second divestiture choice for parents with traded debt. Originality/value - This study makes several contributions to the literature. First, in contrast with recent wealth transfer studies that use monthly bond returns, daily stock and bond returns are used to examine the wealth effect for parent stockholders and bondholders during the announcement and ex-dates of second-stage events. Second, in contrast with previous studies that found a wealth transfer from bondholders to stockholders in the spin-off phase, statistically significant wealth retention was observed for bondholders and for stockholders at spin-off and other second event announcements. Third, the results reflect that increased collateral from the carve-out phase lessens the potential for bondholder wealth loss in the spin-off phase.


Objective To observe the curative effects of fluvastatin in treatment of mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease. Methods 120 patients with mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease were randomly divided into the control group and the study group.The control group received conventional therapy,while the study group was administrated orally with 40 mg of fluvastatin every evening additionally.The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C as well as the scores of MMSE,CDR and ADL were compared between the two groups at week 4 and week 12 after treatment,respectively. Results The improvements of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C and the scores of MMSE,CDR,QOL and ADL were significantly greater in the study group than those in the control group(P0.05). Conclusions Fluvastatin can postpone the progress of mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease,as well as lowering serum lipids.


One of the bitter legacies of colonialism in Africa is the creation of small unit states which reduced the singular and collective competitiveness of the states and the continent respectively in global economic and political affairs. It has therefore been the resolve of African leaders to pursue some forms regional integration in order to overcome the challenges. Consequently, from the pre-independence pan-Africanist philosophy, to the Organization of African Unity, OAU and today the African Union, this fundamental goal of building integration mechanisms has remained prevalent at the regional and sub-regional levels, leading to the desire to establish integration schemes for customs' union, economic community, common currency, central bank and one parliament, and most currently that of the Free Trade Area in the Continent. This article sought to unpack some of the challenges of regional integration in general and those facing the AU's continent-wide Free Trade Area and found that, though efforts towards regional integration in Africa have recorded some achievements including positive economic growth, they still fall short of achieving most of its laudable objectives especially in the face of such challenges ranging from over-ambitious targets, to the heterogeneity of the economies of members, among others. For effective regional integration in Africa, AU should basically resolve the identified knotty challenges that have frustrated a possible beneficial intra-regional trade which could subsequently lead to regional integration in Africa without which the drive for collective self-reliant development for Africa will always turn into a mirage, deepening the region's dependence on the western powers.


The interaction between Co(sep)3+ and S2O2–3 ions has been investigated by various methods. The interpretation of the results in terms of ion association requires the assumption of the formation of ion pairs, triplets and probably higher aggregates as well. The agreement between the association constants, β1 and β2, obtained by spectrophotometry and by solubility is reasonable for β1(ion pairs) but not for β2(ion triplets). Only the order of magnitude of β2 is the same in the two methods.Both spectrophotometric and solubility results indicate that SO2–4 associates with Co(sep)3+ approximately to the same extent as S2O2–3, but consistent results for the association constants could not be obtained.


Introduction 1. Diverse Humanity, Diverse Anthropology 2. Studying Culture, Practicing Culture 3. People and Things in Motion 4. Producing and Reproducing Bodies 5. Speaking and Thinking Culture 6. Working for a Living 7. Order and Border 8. Humans and Other Persons 9. We Are What We Do 10. Better Living Through Anthropology Bibliography


Rev. PrE Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O.Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106 U.S.A. Tel:781/329-4700 www.analog.com Fax:781/461-3113 © 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. FEATURES


Archives, access and artificial intelligence: working with born-digital and digitized archival collections (Digital Humanities Research, volume 2), edited by Lise Jaillant, Bielefeld, Bielefeld University Press, 2021, 224 pp., $177.75 (soft cover), also available as Open Access eBook https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/ 54299, ISBN 978-3-8376-5584-1 (soft cover), ISBN 978-3-8394-5584-5 (PDF)


The invention relates to a method for providing differentiated service in video sharing, a terminal device and a network device. The method comprises the following steps of: receiving ability and/or requirement information of a plurality of subscription ends of a network side transmitting summary; dividing content which needs to share video information into a plurality of levels of information according to the ability and/or require information, and determining the corresponding service quality of each level of information; establishing a plurality of carriers corresponding to a network side according to the plurality of levels of information; and transmitting the plurality of levels of information to the network side by the plurality of established carriers to lead the plurality of subscription ends to share the video information. The invention aims at the ability and/or requirement of a user to supply good service quality and effectively obtains shared video information to save user resources and increase the utilization rate of radio resources.


Aims. We report the results of a novel determination of the solar oxygen abundance using spatially resolved observations and inversions. We seek to derive the photospheric solar oxygen abundance with a method that is robust against uncertainties in the model atmosphere.
Methods. We use observations with spatial resolution obtained at the Vacuum Tower Telescope to derive the oxygen abundance at 40 different spatial positions in granules and intergranular lanes. We first obtain a model for each location by inverting the Fe I lines with the NICOLE inversion code. These models are then integrated into a hierarchical Bayesian model that is used to infer the most probable value for the oxygen abundance that is compatible with all the observations. The abundance is derived from the [O I] forbidden line at 6300 Å taking into consideration all possible nuisance parameters that can affect the abundance.
Results. Our results show good agreement in the inferred oxygen abundance for all the pixels analyzed, demonstrating the robustness of the analysis against possible systematic errors in the model. We find a slightly higher oxygen abundance in granules than in intergranular lanes when treated separately (log(ϵO) = 8.83 ± 0.02 vs. log(ϵO) = 8.76 ± 0.02), which is a difference of approximately 2-σ. This tension suggests that some systematic errors in the model or the radiative transfer still exist but are small. When taking all pixels together, we obtain an oxygen abundance of log(ϵO) = 8.80 ± 0.03, which is compatible with both granules and lanes within 1-σ. The spread of results is due to both systematic and random errors.


Víctor Quesada, Luis M. Sánchez, Jesús Álvarez, and Carlos López-Otín This article has been withdrawn by the authors upon request from the Journal. The Journal raised questions regarding Fig. 4. The authors were able to locate original autoradiographs and state that during assembly of this panel, an actin lane was duplicated. The authors assert that all of the results reported in this article are valid, some of which have been independently validated in the literature (Burkart et al. (2012) J. Cell Biol. 197, 37). WITHDRAWALS/RETRACTIONS


This paper presents a model of deterministic inventory with amelioration and deterioration. In this model, we have considered price dependent rate of demand, constant rate of deterioration, and varying holding cost. The objective of this model is to minimize the total cost. Numerical examples of the result have been given with sensitivity analysis.


Currency markets show different degrees of volatility, reflecting the particular economic circumstances that each country faces through time. The problem of exchange rate volatility has given rise to a broad debate – theoretical as well as empirical– in the economics profession. There is no consensus as to whether exchange rate volatility influences trade volumes and the sign of the relation has also been a matter of dispute. This question has been at the centre of the current economic policy debate in Brazil, involving academic researchers, policymakers and the business press, all pointing out the potential deleterious effects on the country's exports of the "excessive" volatility observed in the currency market since the adoption of a floating exchange rate in 1999. In this paper, empirical evidence on the impact of exchange rate volatility on the volume of Brazilian manufactured exports in the period 1986–2002 is presented. The rest of this paper is organized as follows: in the next section we present a short review of the published literature about this matter. In section 3 we discuss the estimation procedure used in the analysis, while section 4 contains the empirical results. A final section offers some conclusions.


If an economic subject can get some resources without paying the cost,the resources can be called free resources.The free resources have several main characteristics:without paying the cost,they are non-monopolized.The reasonable use of free resources is important.In a microscopic view,it can reduce the enterprise cost,enhance the income,and reduce the management risk.In a macroscopic view,it can optimize the disposition of resources,and help economy to develop effectively.


The relaxation process in InAsP/InGaAsP strained-layer superlattices (SLSs) with interfacial misfit dislocations has been investigated systematically by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray analyses. The TEM analysis reveals that dislocations locate a little inside the buffer layer near the interface between the buffer and first well layer in the SLS. The x-ray analysis of (400) azimuthal angle dependence indicates the buffer layer has a large macroscopic tilt. Using a curve fitting analysis of various (hkl) x-ray profiles and reciprocal lattice mapping measurements, residual strain was determined quantitatively, i.e., Δa∥ and Δa⊥, in the SLS and buffer layer. These results reveal that the dislocations mainly cause lattice distortion of the buffer layer rather than relaxation of the SLS layer. The most remarkable result is that the change of a∥ is not equal to that of a⊥ in the buffer layer. This phenomenon strongly suggests that microplastic domains are generated in the buffer layer.


Backscatter and extinction from water clouds are well-understood, both theoretically and experimentally, and thus changes to the expected measurement of layer-integrated attenuated backscatter can be used to infer the optical properties of overlying layers. In this paper we offer a first look at a new retrieval technique that uses CALIPSO measurements of opaque water clouds to derive optical depths and Angstrom exponents for overlying aerosol layers.


Abstract Fast state-of-the-art multi-object-tracking (MOT) schemes, such as reported in challenges MOT16 and Mot20, perform tracking on a single sensor, often couple tracking and detection, support only one kind of object representation or don't take varying latencies and update rates into account. We propose a fast generic MOT system for use in real world applications which is capable of tracking objects from different sensor / detector types with their respective latencies and update rates. An SORT inspired online tracking scheme is extended by time awareness using timelines as unifying concept. The system supports different object, sensor and filter and tracking types by modularizing and generalizing the online tracking scheme, while ensuring high performance using an efficient data-oriented C++-template-based implementation. Using the proposed system we achieve, with comparable evaluation metrics, framerates up to ten times higher than the fastest MOT schemes publicly listed for the axis-aligned bounding-box tracking challenges MOT17 and MOT20.


The article is devoted to studying innovative mechanisms in the financial sphere, promoting attraction of migrants' remittances to the official financial sector. It is shown that structural transformations of the banking system, perfection of remittance technologies, development of microfinancial organizations and their cooperation with banks and payment systems, improvement of migrants' access to official financial channels, realization of special government programs are capable to change significantly the existing situation in the sphere of migrants' remittances.


A B S T R A C T Utilization of active and stable nanocatalyst could have enormous advantages in industrial application of biogas reforming. In order to achieve this goal, the effects of Cu and Co as promoters were investigated over physical-chemical properties of Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2 nanocatalyst in reforming of biogas. The sequential impregnation was used for preparation of nanocatalysts. The nanocatalysts were characterized using XRD, FESEM, BET and FTIR analysis. The XRD patterns displayed that the active phases promoters could be effective on nanoparticles dispersion. The FESEM images showed that uniformity of particle size had improved for bimetallic nanocatalysts in comparison with Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2 nanocatalyst. However, the specific surface areas showed no significant change in BET analysis. Higher content of - OH structural groups on surface of Ni-Co/Al2O3-ZrO2 nanocatalyst were proved by FTIR characterization. The performances of nanocatalysts were assessed at atmospheric pressure, feed gas ratio of CO2/CH4= 1, GHSV=24 l/g.h and temperature ranges from 550-850°C. The results revealed that Ni-Co/Al2O3-ZrO2 nanocatalysts had the best activity. Because of optimized operating conditions and application of ZrO2 as a promoter, the activities of all nanocatalysts remained stable at 850°C for 24 h.


Ovaries were examined, ovarian biopsies were taken during the course of oviductal ligation, and endometrial biopsy curettages were simultaneously performed in fourteen patients taking pills for 6 - 18 months continuously. Eight follicular cysts 2 to 8 cm in diameter were observed in seven patients. Occasionally the whole ovary was transformed into a large cyst, giving a false impression of neoplasm. Follicular cysts were lined with 2 to 3 layers of atrophic granulosa and theta cells, with patchy areas of luteinization and/or degeneration. While microdose progestogens were effective contraceptives, ovulation occurred in 71 percent of the medicated group and in 75 percent of the control group. Corpora lutea showed no pathological changes except for one case of corpus luteum hematoma. Secretory, mixed and proliferative endometrial patterns were observed. It is concluded that ovarian histomorphological changes in women treated with minipills should be considered in evaluating the contraceptive effects of these compounds.


Phomopsis castanea(Sacc.) Hohn was found to occur endophytically in plant parts of European chestnut including flowers, leaves, shoots and fruits, when apparently healthy trees of four cultivars were sampled seven times throughout 1 year. This fungus is associated with the important post-harvest disease Phomopsis nut rot. The fungus was also shown to be endophytic in seedlings of the cultivar Perton's Pride, and seed transmitted. There were apparent differences in the incidence of P. castanea isolated between the four cultivars and the two sites tested. The incidence of plant parts yielding P. castanea was highest for cultivar Marone at both sites, and lower for cultivars Sword, Buffalo Queen and Lucente. The plant parts with the highest incidence of P. castanea were the burr, the male flower, the stigma and style, and 1-year-old and 2-year-old shoots; those with the lowest incidence were the 3-year-old and 4-year-old xylem, the inner peduncle and the nut kernel. There were no apparent trends in the incidence of the fungus recovered from plant parts at different times of the year.


Changes in the meaning of words can occur because of the need to accommodate a concept that does not yet have a vocabulary or a concept that has the same component of meaning as a vocabulary that already existed.  For example, the use of the word broadcast 'spread'.  Originally the meaning of the word broadcast was synonymous with the function of radio, but now it is also used to define other transmissions such as broadcasting counterfeit money. The development of the vocabulary of a language can also show the socio-cultural development of its speakers.  This development is unlimited: it will always develop as long as the speakers are still there and use Indonesian in everyday life.


Use of catalysts and alternatives of traditional heating are important part of environmentallyfriendly processes and sustainable chemistry. Here we aimed to develop a suitable method for Buchwald-Hartwig amination of 13α-estrone by microwave assisted synthesis.


Significance
 The PNL is on the verge of replacing the former communist Social Democratic Party (PSD) in office. The change is more apparent than real. Both wish to lower expectations and anchor politics around the distribution of patronage rather than problem-solving.

 Impacts
 Infighting will plague the PSD but its factions may be able to prevent any steep erosion in their main power base at local level.
 Political disagreements preventing the nomination of an EU commissioner will ensure that EU vigilance towards Romania remains high.
 The PSD's departure could boost investor confidence in Romania, badly shaken during the Dragnea period.


The utility model relates to a movable hood-type annealing furnace, which is a novel energy-saving heat-treatment device for annealing metalworks. The movable hood-type annealing furnace adopts the structure of a hood-type furnace, has superior heat-insulating property, and not only solves the problem of energy waste but also effectively improves the charging amount and the service efficiency of the device. The movable hood-type annealing furnace comprises a furnace frame, a furnace body, a heating system and a trolley, wherein, the furnace body takes the shape of a shell; the lower circumference of the furnace body contacts the upper part of the trolley; and a lifting device is arranged on the furnace frame and connected to the furnace body.


This paper proposed image matching technique that find out the truth of the wild ginseng through smart phone when the common person discovered a plant like a wild ginseng. Also sharing a location and information by SNS, we can improve the probability of wild ginseng discovery. Image matching technique using OpenCV porting in android finds out the truth of the wild ginseng with comparing existing it. Thus we are able to compare and analysis them in our application program. For more verification, we added marking function of wild ginseng position for information sharing between users.


Objective:To evaluate the clinical significance of changes of serum neopterin levels in patients with acute pancreatitis.Methods:Twenty-eight patients were divided into mild group and severe group.Their blood samples were obtained at 0,4th,8th and 14th day after admission and the APACHE Ⅱ scores were recorded.Results:Severe patients showed a high neopterin levels,and the correlation between the mean neopterin levels and APACHE Ⅱ was observed at 8th day and 14th day(P0.05 and P 0.01).In addition,the serum neopterin levels of patients with fatal outcome were much higher than those of surviving patients at 8th day and 14th day(P0.05 and P0.001).Conclusions:The rise of neopterin level in patients with acute pancreatitis is related to the severity of pancreatitis.Measurement of serum neopterin may help to predict the severity and prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis.


In this paper, we present a novel solution for the problem of text extraction from PDF documents with incorrect encoding of embedded fonts. Instead of using a full-scale optical character recognition (OCR) for such documents, our system detects problematic fonts and focuses on their restoration, rather than the actual text. It parsimoniously uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) for performing optical character recognition (OCR) of individual glyphs, classifying them to homoglyph groups. Font glyph-character mappings are recovered by combining glyph location information with a language model. We compare our approach against a fullscale OCR baseline on a new dataset of multilingual PDF files that we made available to the research community. Our evaluation on a variety of test cases shows that our approach has a consistently lower error rate and a significantly faster processing time.


Abstract In this paper, we study the effect of meridional accommodation response of the eye, in the measurement of ocular astigmatism, using different targets (single slit, multiple slit and interference fringes) under different illumination conditions (white light, quasimonochromatic light and partially coherent light) in a subjective optometer. We have found that, under natural illumination conditions (incoherent white light), the accommodation of a subject viewing different orientations of a target varies in a manner that compensates for his or her ocular astigmatism. The compensation effect is minimum when interference fringes are used as targets. We also form interference images of different orientations, directly on the retina of the eye, using the meridional refraction properties of the eye and an optical field that has coherence only along specific meridians. Use of interference images formed directly on the retina yields values of cylinder that compares well with objective measurements obtained using an autorefractor.


In this paper, we have highlighted the impact of Building Integrated PV systems (BIPV) and Building Integrated PV-Phase Change Material (BIPV-PCM) systems with the exterior envelope of the room on thermal comfort, under Tunisian climatic conditions. The objectives set in the first step were to improve and optimize the performance of photovoltaic panels integrated into the building wall using the passive regulation method by coupling them to a macro encapsulated phase change material. In the second step, our objectives were to highlight the impact of the integration of these systems on indoor thermal comfort and on building efficiency. It was revealed that a Building Integration of PV systems causes a significant increase in indoor air temperature. However, for the South direction, the addition of Phase Change Material plays an important role in reducing the heat transfer rate to the room. In fact, the maximum temperature of the south-facing wall has been reduced by around 2.2 ° C when attaching Phase Change Material layers behind the Building Integrated Photovoltaics systems. The average temperature of the vertical and inclined BIPV cells temperature, at midday, is reduced by about 3 °C and 25 °C, respectively, due to the integration of PCM at the back sides of the systems. It is concluded that coupling the Building Integrated Photovoltaic system with a layer of phase change material and integrating such system with the room envelope is an interesting solution to improve the performance of photovoltaic systems and to be closer to the thermal comfort of the individual simultaneously.


Wonderful compactifications of adjoint reductive groups over an algebraically closed field play an important role in algebraic geometry and representation theory. In this paper, we construct an equivariant compactification for adjoint reductive groups over arbitrary base schemes. Our compactifications parameterize classical wonderful compactifications of De Concini and Procesi as geometric fibers. Our construction is based on a variant of the Artin-Weil method of birational group laws. In particular, our construction gives a new intrinsic construction of wonderful compactifications. The Picard group scheme of our compactifications is computed. We also discuss several applications of our compactification in the study of torsors under reductive group schemes.


GULMINI, L. C. Do dois ao sem-segundo: Çaìkara e o Advaita-vedänta. 2007. 203 pages. Thesis (Doctoral) – Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2007. The main purpose of this thesis is to analyse and demonstrate those discursive strategies through which Çaìkara, the famous philosopher of medieval Hinduism (circa 788-820 a.C.), has formulated the monistic doctrine of Advaita-vedänta, to which purpose he has elaborated a dialogical discourse in relation to some of the main dualistic and ritualistic opposing doctrines of his time: the Säàkhya-Yoga-darçana and the Mémäàsä-darçana, respectively. Our analysis of the sanskrit texts in which Çaìkara interprets the vedic scriptures is based on the theories of discourse, on the principles of the French school of Semiotics and also on studies of intertextuality. This inedit analysis intends to: (1) – analyse the inter-relation of concepts in the fundamental level of significance that can build a monistic discourse, in spite of those irreductible binary categories that govern human language and reasoning; (2) – examine those mechanisms of persuasion and argumentation which are constant in Çaìkara's writings and which help to build specific interpretations of the vedic scriptures, refuting at the same time the points of view of other doctrines. The first part of the thesis, entitled "The revelation of One", gives a synthesis of the cultural heritage which is pressuposed in the reading of Çaìkara's writings, and afterwards makes a semiotic analysis, on the fundamental level, of the concept of Absolute or "one-without-a-second", Brahman, according to the way it's given by the Upaniñad texts and interpreted by Çaìkara. In the second part of the thesis, entitled "Paths of the Two", are analysed some of those discoursive and intertextual mechanisms through which the thinker can re-signify and assimilate into his monistic doctrine the relative universe and those binary and ternary categories according to what was postulated by other doctrines of his cultural heritage. The thesis contributes to demonstrate that the theories of discourse are valid instruments in the process of analysis of those mechanisms through which verbal language can create and express abstract concepts which, at first, are not aprehensible in the world of phenomenae. The work has also the purpose of adding to brazilian bibliography, under an inedit approach, texts belonging to an important aspect of sanskrit culture.


chapter 1 Introduction chapter 2 Augustine in the Thought of Alasdair MacIntyre chapter 3 Appeals to Augustine in Stanley Hauerwas and David Burrell chapter 4 Appeals to Augustine in George Stroup and Stephen Crites chapter 5 The Confessions: A Charter of Christian Character chapter 6 Doctrine and Identity chapter 7 Bibliography chapter 8 Index