The investment research of stock is an hot issue because it will bring significant returns for investor. The advantages of fuzzy time series can solve the forecast problem in data with linguistic expression. In order to improve fuzzy time-series models, this study direct replaced fuzzy logic relationships with rule-based method to extract fuzzy forecast rules from time series observations. Therefore this paper proposed a rule induction based fuzzy time series model to forecast stock index. In summary, there are four refinements to improve accuracy of forecast: (1) use Miller's magic seven (plus or minus two) to determine the lengths of linguistic intervals, (2) utilize LEM2 algorithm to generate forecast rules, (3) defuzzify the forecast interval based on the generated rules, and (4) use adaptive expectation model to strengthen forecasting performance. For evaluating the proposed model, the practically collected TAIEX stock price from 1998 to 2006 years are used as experimental dataset, and Chen's model, Yu's model, stepwise regression based on ANFIS, and stepwise regression based on support vector regression are compared with the proposed model in RMSE (root mean square error) and profits criteria. The results express that proposed method holds good performance in accuracy.


Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGFβ1) is a multifunctional cytokine that is over expressed during liver hepatocytes injury and regeneration. SV40‐transformed CWSV‐1 rat hepatocytes that are p53‐defective undergo apoptosis in response to choline deficiency (CD) or TGFβ1, which mediates CD‐apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential mediators of apoptosis. We have shown that apoptosis induced by TGFβ1 is accompanied by ROS generation and the ROS‐trapping agent N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits TGFβ1‐induced apoptosis. While persistent induction of ROS contributes to this form of apoptosis, the source of ROS generated downstream of TGFβ1 is not clear. The mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum both harbor potent electron transfer chains that might be the source of ROS essential for completion of TGFβ1‐apoptosis. Here we show that CWSV‐1 cells treated with cyclosporine A, which prevents opening of mitochondrial membrane pores required for ROS generation, inhibits TGFβ1‐induced apoptosis. A similar effect was obtained by treating these cells with rotenone, an inhibitor of complex 1 of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. However, we demonstrate that TGFβ1 induces cytochrome P450 1A1 and that metyrapone, a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A1, inhibits TGFβ1‐induced apoptosis. Therefore, our studies indicate that concurrent with promoting generation of ROS from mitochondria, TGFβ1 also promotes generation of ROS from the cytochrome P450 electron transfer chain. Since inhibition of either of these two sources of ROS interferes with apoptosis, it is reasonable to conclude that the combined involvement of both pathways is essential for completion of TGFβ1‐induced apoptosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 89: 254–261, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In geological CO{sub 2} storage projects, a cap rock is generally needed to prevent CO{sub 2} from leaking out of the storage formation. However, the injected CO{sub 2} may still encounter some discrete flow paths such as a conductive well or fault (here referred to as conduits) through the cap rock allowing escape of CO{sub 2} from the storage formation. As CO{sub 2} migrates upward, it may migrate into the surrounding formations. The amount of mass that is lost to the formation is called attenuation. This report describes a simplified model to calculate the CO{sub 2} mass flux at different locations of the conduit and the amount of attenuation to the surrounding formations. From the comparison among the three model results, we can conclude that the steady-state conduit model (SSCM) provides a more accurate solution than the PMC at a given discretization. When there is not a large difference between the permeability of the surrounding formation and the permeability of the conduits, and there is leak-off at the bottom formation (the formation immediately above the CO{sub 2} plume), a fine discretization is needed for an accurate solution. Based on this comparison, we propose to use the SSCM in the rapidmore » prototype for now given it does not produce spurious oscillations, and is already in FORTRAN and therefore can be easily made into a dll for use in GoldSim.« less


Abstract Polynomial time algorithms are presented for finding the permutation distribution of any statistic that is a linear combination of some function of either the original observations or the ranks. This class of statistics includes the original Fisher two-sample location statistic and such common nonparametric statistics as the Wilcoxon, Ansari-Bradley, Savage, and many others. The algorithms are presented for the two-sample problem and it is shown how to extend them to the multisample problem—for example, to find the distribution of the Kruskal-Wallis and other extensions of the Wilcoxon—and to the single-sample situation. Stratification, ties, and censored observations are also easily handled by the algorithms. The algorithms require polynomial time as opposed to complete enumeration algorithms, which require exponential time. This savings is effected by first calculating and then inverting the characteristic function of the statistic.


Uncertainties in historical climate records constrain our understanding of natural variability of climate, but estimation of these uncertainties enables us to place recent climate events and extremes into a realistic historical perspective. Uncertainties in Central England temperature (CET) since 1878 have already been estimated; here we estimate uncertainties back to the start of the record in 1659, using Manley's publications and more recently developed techniques for estimating spatial sampling errors. Estimated monthly standard errors are of the order of 0.5 °C up to the 1720s, but 0.3 °C subsequently when more observing sites were used. Corresponding annual standard errors are up to nearly 0.4 °C in the earliest years but around 0.15 °C after the 1720s. Daily standard errors from 1772, when the daily series begins, up to 1877 are of the order of 1 °C because only a single site was used at any one time. Inter‐diurnal variability in the daily CET record appears greater before 1878 than subsequently, partly because the sites were in the Midlands or southern England where day‐to‐day temperature variability exceeds that in the Lancashire part of Manley's CET. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society


This thesis deals with understanding behaviour of different cancer cell types on microstructured topography. We studied the behaviour of osteosarcoma cell line (SaOS-2) on confined micropillar structures and in particular their nuclear deformation. We analysed the role of the cytoskeleton, focal adhesions (FAs), nucleoskeleton (LINC and lamin A) and chromatin in SaOS-2 deformation on micropillar topography. Actomyosin and vimentin intermediate filament were shown to play a crucial role in orchestrating nuclear deformation. We found that FAs arrangement was mostly on side walls of pillars and that the LINC-cytoskeletal connection was essential for the nuclear deformation process but not lamin A. Employing chemo-topography modulations of pillars and a computational simulation model we demonstrated that the pulling down forces and not pushing down forces drive the cellular-nuclear deformation in osteosarcoma cells. We also studied the nuclear deformation of SaOS-2 on hydrogel micropillars with different stiffness and chemistry. We saw that cell morphology, actin organization and FAs behaviour was modulated by the substrate mechanics and chemistry. To explore the role of cancer origin, we examined the behaviour of various colon carcinomas on various micro-topographies and found that the epithelial origin cancers are less responsive to microscale topography compared to mesenchymal origin cancerous cells. However, their behaviour was affected on large pits which resembled the intestinal crypt and villi arrangement in terms of size.


The purpose of this research is to determine the Marketing Strategies that allow increasing the positioning of the Tantarika Ozonized Water brand in the Yonan Tembladera District - Cajamarca, 2017. The type of research is cross-sectional descriptive; a survey was applied as a research technique, which is addressed to the heads of household of the Yonan Tembladera District. From the conclusions it has been determined that the Marketing Mix (4P'S), is the marketing strategy that will allow the increase of the positioning of the ozonated water brand Tantarika, taking into account that the current positioning of the brand in the district of Yonan Tembladera is very low, this is reflected in the table (No. 3.4) which shows that only 36% of the heads of household of the Yonan Tembladera district consume Tantarika water. That is why a proposal for marketing strategies focused on Marketing Mix has been established that will help increase the positioning of the Tantarika ozonized water brand. Finally, it is recommended to implement the marketing strategies proposed in the research work, and thus increase the positioning of your brand, since today there is a business environment where competition is high and it is necessary to be able to differentiate to gain a place in the mind of the consumer.


Objective To clarify the relationship between amide proton transfer-weighted (APTW) signal, which reflects intracellular pH, and clinico-radiological findings in patients with hyperacute to subacute cerebral infarction. Materials and methods Twenty-nine patients (median age, 70 years [IQR, 54 to 74]; 15 men) were retrospectively examined. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of APTW signal (APT10, APT25, APT50, APT75 and APT90, respectively) were measured within the infarction region-of-interest (ROI), and compared between poor prognosis and good prognosis groups (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score ≥2 and mRS score <2, respectively). Correlations between APTW signal and time after onset, lesion size, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, mRS score, and mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were evaluated. Results The poor prognosis group had lower APT50, APT75, and APT90 than the good prognosis group (–0.66 [–1.19 to –0.27] vs. –0.09 [–0.62 to –0.21]; –0.27 [–0.63 to –0.01] vs. 0.31 [–0.15 to 1.06]; 0.06 [–0.21 to 0.34] vs. 0.93 [0.36 to 1.50] %; p <0.05, respectively). APT50 was positively correlated with time after onset (r = 0.37, p = 0.0471) and negatively with lesion size (r = –0.39, p = 0.0388). APT75 and APT90 were negatively correlated with NIHSS (r = –0.41 and –0.43; p <0.05, respectively). APT50, APT75 and APT90 were negatively correlated with mRS (r = –0.37, –0.52 and –0.57; p <0.05, respectively). APT10 and APT25 were positively correlated with mean ADC (r = 0.37 and 0.38; p <0.05, respectively). Conclusion We demonstrated correlations between APTW signals of infarctions and clinico-radiological findings in patients with hyperacute to subacute infarctions. The poor prognosis group had a lower APTW signal than the good prognosis group. APTW signal was reduced in large infarctions, infarctions with low ADC, and in patients with high NIHSS and mRS scores.


Colour adjective is a part of adjective in MOZI.This thesis analyses the meaning,the use and origins of the colour adjective in MOZI,and tries to discuss the developing rule of Chinese vocabulary.


Abstract : In the AT- and SC- cuts of quartz the change in resonant frequency with temperature of a particular pure thickness mode (the C-mode) is essentially negligible in the absence of the electrodes, and the cut is said to be thermally compensated for that mode. Consequently, certain other effects, in particular the presence of the thin electrode films and the transverse trapping of energy, which is always present on account of the finite dimensions of the electrodes, have an important influence on the transient temperature dependence of the resonant frequencies of thermally compensated cuts. In this work the time-dependent frequency shifts due to rapid changes in the thermal environment at the surface of the crystal are calculated from the solution of the time-dependent heat conduction equation through the resulting thermally induced deformation state, the temperature derivatives of the fundamental elastic constants of quartz, the temperature dependence of the motional capacitive effect for the cuts considered and the now known trapped energy mode shapes with the aid of the equation for the perturbation in eigen-frequency of a piezoelectric solution due to a bias.


Introduction: The use of herbal medicines for the prevention and support treatments of pathologies located in the various organs and tissues is characterized as a widespread practice in Brazil. Objective: To analyze, from the elaboration of antibiograms of the species Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis, the antimicrobial activity of phytotherapeutic species in oral disorders. Materials: The in vitro experiment was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Biosciences Center of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, and the preparation was carried out by decoction in a period of 10 minutes and for each species of bacteria, two plates were used Petri dish with Agar Muller Hinton culture medium. Methods: For the decoction, a quantity of 10 grams was used and the preparations were expected to reach room temperature (37o), the antimicrobial activity was evaluated against two strains of bacteria, using a laboratory observation technique, for each species of bacteria, two Petri dishes with Agar Muller Hinton culture medium were used, where the inoculation was performed by means of Swabs, and on which five wells of approximately 6 mm in diameter were made. Results: The extracts of the mamuscada seed, coconut oil, cashew bark, sucupira seed, white nettle root and ginger, were ineffective against Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus mitis, on the other hand, pomegranate extract showed efficacy for Streptococcus mutans and the hume stone


A method of reader response that stresses the importance of gender in formulating interpretations was used in analyzing a transcript of a clinical interview. The interview was selected from a film used widely in training therapists and portrays a male therapist treating a female client. The reader response method highlighted several examples of gender bias in the interview.


Although a fair amount has been written on the subject of African "crime" in general (e.g., Read 1964, Brillon 1985, Austen 1986, Cohen 1986, Crummey 1986) and East African livestock theft in particular (e.g., Fukui and Turton 1979, Anderson 1986, Hendrickson, Mearns, and Armon 1996), scant effort has been made to establish who, in a sociological sense, these "criminals" are (but see Moore 1975 and Heald 1986 for two noteworthy exceptions). This article endeavors to contribute to this effort using field data collected among the agro-pastoral Kuria of Tarime District in northern Tanzania. Among the Kuria, whose population straddles the border between Tanzania and Kenya, many young men are actively engaged in an illict livestock trade in which cattle stolen in Tanzania—mainly from other Kuria but also from neighboring peoples—are sold to buyers, mainly butchers, inside Tanzania or else run across the border for cash sale in Kenya. Kuria cattle raiding is by no means a new phenomenon, but it has undergone a profound transformation in the course of the past century—from its precolonial roles of demonstrating the mettle of new warriors and enlarging the community cattle herd to an illict, often quite violent cash-marketoriented enterprise—in response to the pressures exerted by the colonial economy, capitalist penetration, and the policies of the postcolonial Tanzanian state (Fleisher 2000a, b). Fleisher (1999) has already demonstrated that, among the Kuria, cattle theft is overwhelmingly the "occupa-


Simple Summary The tumour microenvironment contains a unique population of cells, of complex origin and diverse functionality, known as Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). In recent years there has been a growing interest in targeting CAFs to aid cancer diagnosis and therapy. Amongst the approaches utilized so far, targeting Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has shown a lot of promise. In this review, we will focus on our current knowledge of the biology of CAFs as well as theranostic applications that will enhance cancer diagnosis and therapy in cancers carrying a distinct CAF signature. Abstract Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) form a major component of the tumour microenvironment, they have a complex origin and execute diverse functions in tumour development and progression. As such, CAFs constitute an attractive target for novel therapeutic interventions that will aid both diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. There are, however, a few limitations in reaching successful translation of CAF targeted interventions from bench to bedside. Several approaches targeting CAFs have been investigated so far and a few CAF-targeting tracers have successfully been developed and applied. This includes tracers targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) on CAFs. A number of FAP-targeting tracers have shown great promise in the clinic. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the functional heterogeneity and biology of CAFs in cancer. Moreover, we highlight the latest developments towards theranostic applications that will help tumour characterization, radioligand therapy and staging in cancers with a distinct CAF population.


We present complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations of the preparation of the metastable species vinylidene, and its subsequent, highly exothermic isomerization to acetylene, via electron removal from vinylidene anion (D2CC- → D2CC:  → DC⋮CD). After equilibrating vinylidene anion-d2 at either 600 ± 300 K (slightly below the isomerization barrier) or 1440 K ± 720 K (just above the isomerization barrier), we remove an electron to form a vibrationally excited singlet vinylidene-d2 and follow its dynamical evolution for 1.0 ps. Remarkably, we find that none of the vinylidenes equilibrated at 600 K and only 20% of the vinylidenes equilibrated at 1440 K isomerized, suggesting average lifetimes >1 ps for vibrationally excited vinylidene-d2. Since the anion and neutral vinylidene are structurally similar, and yet extremely different geometrically from the isomerization transition state (TS), neutral vinylidene is not formed near the TS so that it must li...


Using an action research approach, this paper investigates challenges associated with the distribution of emergency supplies (DES) in Puerto Rico in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. Through the descriptive analysis of open- and closed-survey questions, it was observed that many challenges such as demand uncertainty, asymmetries in information, and warehouse location were all challenges in the response to the disaster. As a result, recommendations for enhancing humanitarian logistics in future disaster situations are presented at the end of this paper, in addition to recommendations for future research.


Experimental animal models offer possibilities of physiology knowledge, pathogenesis of disease and action of drugs that are directly related to quality nurs...


Compiling the flow-of-funds accounts (FFA) requires careful verification and validation of all primitive data and basic sources. New instruments, particularly in shadow banking and derivative markets, have been introduced one after another, as a result of the rapid evolution in financial markets. This paper presents the Bank of Japan's framework of incorporating such new financial products into Japan's FFA. Although some estimations are still adopted for classifying assets into sectors, without examining their unbiasedness, the improved FFA presents a fairly accurate picture of financial activities in the nation's economy.


Ten years ago there was one known optical counterpart of a compact galactic x-ray source: a peculiar 13th magnitude blue Bickering star' associated with Scorpius X-I. As recently as five to six years ago, there were perhaps only a half-dozen such counterparts known, and it was straightforward for review papers on the topic' to be reasonablv comprehensive. Todav. there are of order 50 known stellar optical counterparts to galactic x-ray sources,' and the task of reviewing them individually has become hopeless. The reason for this recent explosion in the number of identified sources is rather easy to identify; it is due to the splendid success of the satellite-borne modulation collimator experiments aboard Ariel V , HEAO-1, and in particular, SAS-3. These instruments have permitted the derivation of positional error boxes for even fairly weak sources the intensity of Sco X-I) to accuracies of order 30 arcsec, compared to positions spanning a substantial fraction of one degree previously available from mechanically-collimated detectors such as those on Uhuru, OSO-7, and Copernicus. This new series of accurate positions makes possible for the first time a "brute force" search technique. Every star in the error box can be examined photometrically or spectroscopically, in search of some telltale (even unspecified!) peculiarity, as even a t low galactic latitude such positions in favorable cases may contain only a dozen candidate stars visible on deep plates. At high latitude such a box often contains only one or two stars to a limit of 20th magnitude. A perusal of the available data indicates that this method has recently had a success rate of over 50%, i.e.. a t least half of the sources with positions of this accuracy are ultimately optically identified. In passing, it is interesting to note that this short-lived and highly productive phase of correlative ground-based observations may rapidly be coming to an end. Positions from the HEAO-2 High Resolution Imager (HRI) have an accuracy of order 1-2 arcsec, thus eliminating the need for any search technique! The successes of the past few years have lengthened the list of optical counterparts to such an extent that i t seems prudent to begin by excluding certain classes of objects from this review. As sensitivities improve and the energy bandpasses of the observations mntinue to move toward IonEer x-ray wavelengths. increasing niimhers of low-luminosity, soft x-ray sources ate being tdentihed.' I he nearest ot the KS L V n stars.' normal stellar chromospheres,6 very hot white dwarfs,'.' flare stars:" and dwarf novae"-'4 are appearing in profusion, and the identifications in these categories will undoubtedly continue to increase until the source horizon imposed by interstellar


Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a potent mitogen for both normal and transformed mammary epithelial cells (MEC), and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) potentiates IGF-I action in these cells. The synthesis of IGFBP-3 is stimulated by both IGF-I and agents that increase intracellular cAMP (e.g. forskolin) in the bovine MEC line MAC-T. In addition, the combination of IGF-I and cAMP increases IGFBP-3 messenger RNA to a greater extent than does either treatment alone. The molecular mechanisms responsible for this regulation are not known and therefore represent the focus of this study. The half-life of IGFBP-3 messenger RNA in untreated MAC-T cells was determined to be 11 h. Exposure to IGF-I or forskolin increased the half-life to 27 and 101 h, respectively. Nuclear run-on assays indicated that IGFBP-3 transcription rates were increased 3.5 ± 0.83-fold (n = 4) in cells treated with a combination of IGF-I and forskolin. To further study this regulation, 1.1 kb of the 5′-flanking region of the IGFBP-3 pr...


Let $1\le m m$. We study the a.s. values of the $s-m$-dimensional Hausdorff and packing measures of $K\cap V$, where $V$ is a typical $n-m$-dimensional affine subspace. For $0<\rho<\frac{1}{2}$ let $C_{\rho}\subset[0,1]$ be the attractor of the IFS $\{f_{\rho,1},f_{\rho,2}\}$, where $f_{\rho,1}(t)=\rho\cdot t$ and $f_{\rho,2}(t)=\rho\cdot t+1-\rho$ for each $t\in\mathbb{R}$. We show that for certain numbers $0<a,b<\frac{1}{2}$, for instance $a=\frac{1}{4}$ and $b=\frac{1}{3}$, if $K=C_{a}\times C_{b}$ then typically we have $\mathcal{H}^{s-m}(K\cap V)=0$.


The paper introduces the advantages and models of aluminum casting-rolling mills,and expounds the prestress control method of the aluminum casting-rolling mill designed by our institute.


The Role of Exploration and Forward Checking in Human Scheduling Stefani Nellen (email@example.com) Joachim Funke (email@example.com) Department of Psychology, University of Heidelberg Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany Research Objective: Connecting two strategies We investigated how human participants work with the interactive Plan-A-Day (PAD) task (Funke & Kruger, 1993), which implements the task of scheduling numerous appointments during a fictitious day. We postulate that two strategies work together to enhance scheduling performance. The first strategy, remindful of instance based learning (cf. Logan, 1988) is to explore the feasibility of specific partial schedules by entering them into the PAD Interface. The second strategy, remindful of forward checking for Constraint Satisfaction Search (e.g. Russell & Norvig, 1995), checks in advance whether meeting an appointment would render another appointment impossible. In order to "verify" the results of forward checking, a certain amount of exploration is necessary, and in order to restrain exploration, forward checking is necessary. We conducted a study to determine which patterns of exploration are present in human scheduling and to validate our assumption that forward checking increases between two different PAD tasks. Empirical results The results reported in this section were obtained by presenting 43 student participants with two different PAD tasks (PAD 4 and PAD 5; a more detailed account of the analytic procedure can be found in Nellen, 2002). Patterns of Exploration The number of times participants modify their schedules during a PAD session is positively correlated with the number of complete restarts ("R"; abandoning a schedule completely and placing another appointment at the start), the number of different appointments placed at the start of a schedule ("Dif".), and negatively with the mean length ("ML") of the tried schedules. This pattern is consistent with exploration aimed at collecting a wide variety of experiences. Table 1: Correlations between the number of schedule modifications and other process measures (explained in the text). Asterisks indicate significance at the level of p<.01 according to Fisher's Z test for correlations. (N=43) R Dif ML # of modifications PAD 4 # of Modifications PAD 5 Increase in forward checking The amount of forward checking in the data was assessed by computing the percentage of "deliberate" modifications that are performed before participants are too late at an appointment, relative to the total number of modifications. Table 2 shows the considerable increase of forward checking between the two PAD tasks. Table 2: Increase of the percentage of deliberate modifications (forward checking) between the two PAD tasks. average median mode Deliberate modifications PAD 4 PAD 5 Conclusion Participants consistently explore the feasibility of partial schedules. However, they also acquire the skill of forward checking between two PAD tasks, resulting in an enhanced quality of the exploration, which now yields fewer dead ends. The quick and considerable increase of forward checking suggests a mechanism of skill acquisition as production composition as defined by Anderson (1987); while the continuous presence of exploration implies that the importance of specific experiences throughout the scheduling process. References Anderson (1987). Skill acquisition: Compilation of weak method problem solutions. Psychological Review, 94, Funke, J. & Kruger, T. (1993). "Plan A Day" (PAD): Ein Diagnostikum zur Erfassung von Planungskompetenz. Manual zum Programm (unveroffentl. Manuskript). Bonn: Psychologisches Institut der Universitat Bonn. Logan, G.D. (1988). Towards an instance theory of automatization. Psychological Review, 22, 1-35. Nellen, S. (2002). How humans solve scheduling Problems. Heidelberg: University Of Heidelberg (Diploma thesis) Russell, S. & Norvig, P. (1995). Artificial Intelligence: A modern approach. NJ: Prentice Hall.


In the era of media convergence, Internet users' levels of access to current political information are diverse. Based on selective exposure theory, this study employed K-means clustering and multinomial logistic regression and 2017 Chinese National Survey Data Archive data to study the correlation between the Big Five personality traits and political information exposure. The results showed that Internet users can be divided into three types, according to the frequency of their access: comprehensive, domestic modern, and apathetic. Netizens with high extroversion were correlated with regular browsing of current political information from comprehensive accesses. Those with high agreeableness were correlated with a preference for current political information as relayed by domestic modern media. Those with high levels of neuroticism were correlated with paying little attention to current political information.


Background: CNS tumors constitute 2% of all cancers and are observed in 4-5 in 100,000. Aims of study: Detecting the incidence rates of CNS tumors in relation to age, sex, geographical distribution, environmental, and genetic factors. For explaining of the associated clinical features and to determine the effect of radiotherapy, and chemotherapy on the patient's outcome. Methods: Prospective study of CNS tumors started from the beginning of Jan 2016 to the end of Apr 2016. The study was performed in the outpatient clinic of Oncology Teaching Hospital / Medical City in Baghdad. All patients underwent surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, then followed up. The outcome of management was divided into: Good outcome, fair outcome, and poor outcome. Results: The fifth decade is the most common involved age, with male more than females, and is higher in the south of Iraq. There is little association of CNS tumors with genetic factors, and high association with environmental factors, and smoking. Neurological deficit was the main chief compliant, and headache was present in most of the patients at time of diagnosis. Frontal region was the commonest site for CNS tumors with size of 1-5 cm, and mostly associated with edema and positive enhancement. Meningioma was the commonest histological type. Conclusions: There is a poor relation between genetic factors and CNS tumors. There is great relation between environmental factors, smoking and CNS tumors. Headache is not the dominant chief compliant. Total resection of the tumor followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy has the best prognosis in patient's outcome. *Correspondence to: Hadeer Riadh Saeed, Baghdad Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Center, Baghdad Medical City Complex, Ministry of Health/ Environment, Baghdad, Iraq, E-mail; firstname.lastname@example.com


We introduce an extended Burr III distribution as an important model for problems in survival analysis and reliability. The new distribution can be expressed as a linear combination of Burr III distributions and then it has tractable properties for the ordinary and incomplete moments, generating and quantile functions, mean deviations and reliability. The density of its order statistics can be given in terms of an infinite linear combination of Burr III densities. The estimation of the model parameters is approached by maximum likelihood and the observed information matrix is derived. The proposed model is applied to a real data set to illustrate its potentiality.


This paper describes some of the essential performance measures used to qualify materials for tribological applications in liquid sodium environments and summarizes relative properties of some of the newer tribological materials now qualified for use in sodium systems.


Combining with the reform of director engagement system in our university, the author elaborated the signification of this system, discussed the measures and effects of the system, and set forth some keys of it.


ZnSe films with thickness between 800 and 7500 A were grown on GaAs(100) by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), and characterized by photoluminescence (PL), photoreflectance (PR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high resolution x-ray diffraction. A first set of films was prepared with ZnSe directly grown on the GaAs substrate. Another set was prepared using an arsenic capped GaAs buffer layer grown on the GaAs substrate in a separated MBE system. PL studies at 18 K showed that the ZnSe films have more defects for samples grown directly on the GaAs substrate. The behavior of stacking faults and dislocations as a function of film thickness were investigated by TEM, and by the variation of the intensity of PL signals related to these defects. For both sets of samples the intensity of these signals decreased with increasing film thickness, but the decrease is steeper for films grown on GaAs buffer layers. A signal in PL spectra at ∼2.7 eV was observed only for the samples grown directly on GaAs substrates, it was associated with donor–acceptor transitions involving GaZn and VZn. The room temperature PR spectra showed, besides the GaAs and ZnSe band-gap signals, oscillations associated with the Franz–Keldysh effect due to internal electric fields. The strength of these fields was obtained by employing the asymptotic Franz–Keldysh model. A signal 22 meV below the GaAs band-gap energy was observed only in the PR spectra of the samples grown directly on GaAs substrates. This signal was associated with Zn interdiffused into the GaAs, and is correlated to the PL signal observed at 2.7 eV for the same set of samples.


A description is given of the Advanced Sodium Graphite Reactor Power Plant, including the reactor, heat transfer systems, generatirg plant, control systems, and the economics of producing 256 Mw(e). The safety of this design is due to its unusually low operating pressure, absence of chemically incompatible materials in the core, and excellent stability under atatic and dynamic conditions. The reactor is being constructed at Hallam, Nebraska, at a probable cost of 0 to 0/kw, exclusive of the first core costs. The 151 fuel elements of uranium carbide are enriched to 2.75 at.% U/sup 235/ and clad in stainless steel. The average thermal neutron flux in the fuel is 8 x 10/sup 13/ n/cm/sup 2/sec. (B.O.G.)


The most part of the observations were made on the flat fast ice frozen over the inner harbour of Monbetsu. As in the most of Hokkaido, where ice is formed in such a temperate region, the brine cells occupy a considerable portion of the ice. This circumstance made the writer take care not to bleed the brine in the course of sampling. In order to avoid such bleeding or dripping of brine, the present writer designed a sim-


Abstract : Salivary glands of adult female blackflies of known ages were examined by histological methods. These studies showed that each of the paired salivary glands consists of two parts: a reservoir composed of relatively small cells, and a U-shaped lobe composed of larger secretory cells. The secretory cells progressively accumulate a PAS-positive secretory substance during the first 48 h of adult life. The PAS-positive material is lost from the secretory cells when the blackfly takes a blood meal. During the first 24 h after a blood meal the secretory cells again synthesize some PAS-positive material, but in some individuals the resynthesis is still not complete after 72 h. Limited examination of the salivary glands of males was carried out. (Author)


Upon the closure of the Abbey Row school (NT 728338), the Department of the Environment took the opportunity of examining the nature and extent of those foundations pertaining to the Abbey. The ground-plan of the Abbey as a whole is scarcely known while that of the Abbey church in particular unique in Scotland, so far as we know still remains a mystery (RCAMS 1956, 240-6; MacGibbon and Ross 1896, 347 ff). This area merited special attention for, despite earlier efforts, the overall dimensions of the structure, the appearance of the E end and the position of the Eastern crossing are still in the realms of guess-work. A total of six areas was excavated; three in the lane leading from Abbey Row to the Knowes, two within the school ground and a sixth within the burial ground adjacent to the N wall of the school and known locally as the Purves Aisle (cf fig 1). The areas investigated were festooned with modern services gas and electricity pipes, water and sewage drains whilst the foundation-trenches of the school itself were at least 1-70 m deep. In addition, the former use of the land as a post-monastic burial-ground had tampered with much of the stratigraphy and, in Area 3, had reduced still further the already denuded foundations.


Roll rates and net flow rates can be seen as the evolution of ageing of accounts receivable and Markov chains. They are accepted methodologies to model the behavior of non-performing consumer loans by buckets and to predict losses, but we find that quite often they are wrongly used as interchangeable concepts, although roll rates track individual accounts across buckets in consecutive months and net flow rates just compare consecutive buckets in consecutive months. We determine their matrices of transition probabilities and analyze them in both stationary and steady-state conditions. Net flow rates have many advantages over roll rates, but a quite important finding for financial institutions and supervisors is that historical flow rates are not conservative for forecasting: when the level of new delinquencies soars, contemporary flow rates will tend to be lower than they would be in steady-state conditions, creating a feeling of false confidence and leading to the underestimation of future losses.


The approval of methodologies and individual projects in the context of the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is often an issue of national interest. Decisions of the CDM Executive Board (EB) can thus be expected to be highly politicized. Based on data for about 250 methodologies and about 1000 projects discussed by the EB so far, this paper provides a first econometric analysis of this hypothesis. The results suggest that indeed, along with formal quality criteria, political-economic variables determine the final EB decision. This is most clearly the case for decisions on CDM projects which are far less transparent than those on CDM methodologies. In particular, EB membership of the country or countries concerned raises the chances of a project to be approved. Moreover, clearly, with rising numbers of methodologies and projects, EB decision making has become stricter over time.


Tense and Modality in two creoles: Capeverdean and Saamaka Author(s): Fernanda Pratas and Marleen van de Vate Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (2014), pp. 415-431 General Session and Thematic Session on Language Contact Editors: Kayla Carpenter, Oana David, Florian Lionnet, Christine Sheil, Tammy Stark, Vivian Wauters Please contact BLS regarding any further use of this work. BLS retains copyright for both print and screen forms of the publication. BLS may be contacted via http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/bls/. The Annual Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistics Society is published online via eLanguage, the Linguistic Society of America's digital publishing platform.


Abstract [Cu(tpol)]n based on the Htpol ligand [Htpol = 3H-(1,2,3)triazolo(4,5-b)pyridin-3-ol] had been synthesized and characterized using X-ray single crystal analysis, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Catalytic activity of [Cu(tpol)]n was measured by the coupling reaction of trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides with terminal alkyne. The crystal shows two different coordination types of [tpol]− having a parallelogram of [Cu2O2] assembled in a trans geometry. With the change of functional groups of two types of reactants, [Cu(tpol)]n can replace the noble catalysts and selectively catalyze the coupling of derivatives of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-phenylacetimidoyl chloride and terminal alkynes, and 6-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline.


Can it be nearly Xmas again? Yes, the jacaranda blossoms are falling, the students are panicking and my email in-box once again invites me to consider voluntary early retirement. So I headed off on my annual visit to Tamworth University to seek guidance on the state of the higher education system from the ever-welcoming Cal D'Aria, vice-chancellor, president and supreme leader of Tam U.


Zeno of Rhodes (born not later than 220 bce) was a Rhodian politician and writer of a historical monograph in perhaps fifteen books (FGrH 523) that can, though entirely lost in the original, partly be reconstructed from passages in later authors that, directly or indirectly, are derived from it.

Keywords:

chronicles and histories;
Greek history;
historians;
literature;
study of history


McDade et al. (2015, hereafter "McDade") have provided a helpful review of the factors that contribute to exceptionally long MTBE plumes (i.e., more than 600 m or 2000 feet). We appreciate the fact that the authors have also addressed the associated daughter TBA plumes. Unfortunately, the Supporting Information listed by McDade is predominantly from industry sources and, in the San Diego case, does not cite publicly available reports (see GeoTracker 2015) prepared independently by the City of San Diego. This oversight results in an erroneous statement that we wish to correct and ignores the critical role that responsive groundwater monitoring must play in preventing the generation of such large plumes even when contamination by long MTBE plumes had been anticipated, just as McDade notes. McDade indicates that the San Diego TBA plume is "likely shorter in length than the corresponding MTBE [plume] because of remediation systems located downgradient of the source." The MTBE plume, originating at the Mission Valley Terminal (MVT), was originally underestimated when mapped in 1999 following the release of more than 1 million liters of gasoline. By 1992, LNAPL had migrated approximately 400 m from the MVT source. The City's data shows that the front of the TBA plume, which evolved from the MTBE plume, was measured in 2011 as having traveled further than the parent MTBE plume had in 2002. The TBA plume front is now approximately 2.5 km (∼8000 feet) measured from the MVT boundary, but is now disconnected (Figure 1) by remediation from that shown in McDade's Figure 4c, which indicated a travel distance of 1.7 km. Thus, if we measure the leading edges of the MTBE and TBA


A case study review of 353 fatal pedestrian crashes that occurred in Florida, primarily in 2000, identified contributing causes and trends of predominant pedestrian crash types. Researchers reviewed state records, traffic crash reports, traffic homicide investigative report narratives, diagrams, and photographs and incorporated select accident reconstructions and site visits. Results indicate that the most significant causes of pedestrian crashes are pedestrian behavior, alcohol use by pedestrians and drivers, poor pedestrian visibility at night coupled with violation of driver expectation, and lack of compliance with state laws. Some form of pedestrian behavior was the primary contributing factor in more than three-fourths of the pedestrian crashes reviewed. Alcohol use by the pedestrian or the driver was determined as the primary factor in 45% of the cases. Where alcohol use was determinable, 69% of pedestrians crossing not in crosswalks were under the influence. Dark conditions or insufficient lighting was a contributing factor in 60% of the cases. In nearly half the noncrosswalk crossing cases, pedestrians were attempting to cross the road within 600 ft of a traffic signal, many times violating driver expectation and right-of-way. Other factors were detected within a specific type of pedestrian crash; for instance, in half of the 15% of cases that occurred on limited access facilities, a significant contributing factor was the former occupant having exited a disabled vehicle. In 57% of the cases in which a pedestrian was walking along the roadway, there was not a sidewalk for the pedestrian to use. Further research into countermeasures is recommended.


Human mobility and resulting contacts are driven by intention, co-location, and social relations between people. Based on wireless contact traces (Bluetooth, Wifi), we aim at characterizing the structure in human contacts. Instead of investigating the microscopic properties of contacts (e.g., duration and occurrence distributions), we are more interested in a macroscopic view of mobility that can more easily capture the range of human inter-relations. We hence turn to community detection. However, since these algorithms require one-dimensional tie strength metrics, we present a method to map contacts features (evolving with time) to a scalar feature value. We then analyze the outcome of the community detection by looking at interand intra-community ties. This provides interesting insights on the diversity of human inter-relations, which have applications to diffusion processes, for example.


Objective To evaluate the clinical results of operative treatments for the complex posterior tibial plateau fractures via Knee posterolateral inverted"L"shaped approach. Methods Thirty-six cases with complex posterior tibial plateau fracture from August 2009 through August 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 22 males and 14 females,with age from 28 years to 61 years( average,47. 6 years). Results All Cases were followed up. The average follow-up time was 1. 8years( range,6 ~ 36 months). At the final follow-up visit,bone union was obtained in all cases. The mean Rasmussen score was17. 4( range,16 ~ 18),and the mean HSS was 89. 4( range,77 ~ 98). The postoperative knee range of motion were 0° ~ 135°3 years after operation. There was no vascular and nerve iniuries. Loosing or breaking of hardware's was not found. Conclusion The Knee posterolateral inverted"L"shaped approach is preferred for the complex posterior plateau fractures,with the advantages of safe and simple.


Motile lymphocytes are characterized by a hand-mirror configuration and a regional ization of cellular functions. We found when lymphocytes were washed free of plasma, the relative frequency of motile forms rose from a mean ± SD of 6.6 ± 2.9 percent to 45.5 ± 9.1 percent. By incubating lymphocytes in the absence of plasma, large populations of motile lymphocytes were obtained to study the metabolic requirements for the motile configuration. Motile forms were determined by interference contrast microscopy. Protein synthesis was inhibited by puromycin or cycloheximide, glycolysis by iodoacetamide and mitochondrial respirations by azide. The requirements for microtubules and for microfilaments were ascertained by use of colchicine and cytochalasin B, respectively. Isoproterenol was used as a β-adrenergic stimulant and phenylephrine as an α-adrenergic stimulant.Protein synthesis, glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration or microfilaments were essential for the motile configuration, whereas colchicine-sensitive microtubules were not. α-adrenergic stimulation depressed the motile form. Thus, it would seem that cyclic 3′5′ adenosine monophosphate (CAMP) is required formotility. This hypothesis is being tested by measuring CAMP in lymphocytes in the presence or absence of the plasma inhibitor of motile lymphocytes.


Enterprise is the linkage of a series of contracts that are different from those contracts used universally in the market. This contract composing the enterprise is a kind of relational contract. And based on the agreed terms of the contract, the owners of the essential factors pass through the disposition right of the essential factors to the central party to the contract and get the fixed payment from the central party to the contract. As the owner of the enterprise, the central party to the contract possesses the residual control right and residual ownership. Therefore enterprise's property right is a special kind of property right the existence of that depends on the contract. This speciality makes the transaction of enterprise's property right be different from the transaction of enterprise's assets at heart.


The present invention withstood sufficiently to arterial pressure can be prevented rupture of blood leakage and blood vessels becomes a scaffold for blood vessel tissue regeneration, and the necessary free living organs prosthetic material of reoperation such an object of the present invention is to provide. The present invention includes a film layer comprising a bioabsorbable material, a biological organ prosthetic material comprising a laminate of a porous layer comprising a bioabsorbable material.


PURPOSE: A method and apparatus for digitizing images through parallel processing are provided to improve picture quality of segmented and digitized images by reflecting input gradation values, binary gradation values, error values and minimum distance information of neighboring parts of segmented regions on the digitization of images even when an image is segmented into a plurality of segmented regions and digitized. CONSTITUTION: An image is segmented into a plurality of regions, and input gradation values of the segmented regions and input gradation values of overlapped parts of neighboring segmented regions are stored(10). The segmented regions and the overlapped parts are digitized using the stored input gradation values to store binary gradation values, error values and minimum distance information(12). The binary gradation values, error values and minimum distance information with respect to predetermined neighboring parts of adjacent segmented regions are copied and stored as information of the overlapped parts of the segmented regions(14). It is judged whether there is line data for digitizing the image(16). When the line data exists, the first step is carried out.


The invention discloses an improved external wall paint which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of attapulgite powder, 22-28 parts of white latex, 5-10 parts of titanium white, 7.5-8.5 parts of deionized water, 6-12 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 3.5-7.2 parts of trans-2-hexenal, 4.5-8.5 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 1.2-3.5 parts of polyurethane modified nitrocellulose film former and 2.5-3.7 parts of dispersing agent. Compared with the existing latex paint, the external wall paint has the advantages of has the advantages of favorable weather resistance, favorable ultraviolet resistance and short drying time. After the hydroxyethyl cellulose and trans-2-hexenal are added, the coated film is flat and smooth, and has delicate tactile sensation. After the polyurethane modified nitrocellulose film former is added, the finished product has high fouling resistance and excellent adhesive force, can effectively prevent mildew and algae, has favorable leveling property, is safe and convenient for construction, and is an ideal external wall decorating material.


T E revolt against private ownership of economic goods in the last and present century has been defended on moral grounds. The main moral objection can be summarized in the following manner: private ownership gives the individual the right to make final decisions concerning certain economic goods. As the individual is selfish he will take decisions which will favor his own advantage even when they produce misery and injustice for others. Therefore private ownership results in exploitation, poverty, and suffering. The leaders of the socialist revolt have argued that the only remedy for this increasingly bad situation is to take this privilege away from the hands of the individual. They demanded an economic order where individual decisions are replaced by nonindividual, social decisions. By this means, supposedly, selfish individual decisions, which are sources of injustice, are eliminated. The argument that certain economic frameworks, like capitalism, by their nature produce exploitation and injustice is justified in the last analysis exactly on the fact that they give the power of decision to the capitalist members of the capitalist class who are selfish. It is not the purpose of this paper to consider the value of these moral arguments, although they deserve to be considered. We intend to inquire into the possibility itself of social ownership as opposed to the individual one. In the whole controversy over private and collective ownership, the question of the meaning and possibility of both social and individual ownership has been neglected. We shall try to elucidate this question. We shall start with a definition of ownership in general, and then we shall apply our definition to a specific form of ownership, namely, the social one. We shall define ownership in the following way: To own an economic good means to have the right and the capacity to make final decisions about it. Let us analyze carefully and justify this definition. There are two terms in our definition which need further analysis. The first one is the term "right." This term has a legal meaning (it is not our purpose here to take up the moral meaning of the term "right"). The laws of a state prescribe the conditions under which an individual is entitled to control and to make final decisions about a piece of property. When he fulfils these conditions we say that he has the legal right to own that respective property. Therefore this right exists within the framework of a legal system and is a part of it. The respective legal system not only grants this right, but it also limits it. The decisions of the respective owner must be taken within certain limits prescribed by laws. The consequence is that any such right to own is a limited one, more or less, depending on the peculiar legal provisions. Therefore no ownership prescribed by laws is absolute. One could say that the right to own could be obtained by sheer strength. It is true that in primitive times there were cases where a group took hold of a valuable piece of land and held it in ownership. But it would be more proper to say that they had the power, instead of the right, to own it. In this kind of ownership the power of decision is equal with strength and therefore is not limited by laws. So it is, therefore, different from the right acquired by fulfilling legal conditions; the latter is always limited. It is important for what follows to make a distinction between the ownership of an economic good and the use or the administration of it. An owner of an economic good can delegate its use to somebody else. An


An hybridization between two numerical methods, the 1d Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP) and the 2d Finite Element Method (FEM), is developed. Using two examples, comparisons are provided between the new hybrid method and an analytic solution, when available, or the WCIP alone.


Cadaveric specimens that have been fresh-frozen and then thawed for use have historically been considered to be the gold standard for biomechanical studies and the closest surrogate to living tissue. However, there are notable issues related to specimen rapid decay in the thawed state as well as infectious hazard to those handling the specimens. Cadaveric specimen preparation using a new phenol-based soft-embalmed method has shown considerable promise in preserving tissue in a prolonged fresh-like state while mitigating the infection risk. In this study, we evaluated the ability of soft-embalmed specimens to replace fresh-frozen specimens in the biomechanical study of flexor tendon repair. An ex-vivo study was conducted on six cadaveric hands in both a fresh-frozen, thawed state and following embalming with a phenol-based solution. Six different combinations of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons, from D2 to D5, and flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendons were used to create two groups of similar composition with 15 tendons each, one group to be tested fresh and the other following embalming. A 5cm length of each flexor tendon was harvested from zone 2 and transversely cut at the mid-section. A modified-Kessler repair was performed on each specimen using 4–0 Fiberwire, with two core sutures and 1cm purchase on each end. Incisions were closed with a running stitch to prepare the specimen for embalming. The same protocol was used to repair and harvest the second group of tendons one month following the perfusion of a phenol-based solution through the vasculature of the hand and forearm. Tendon repair biomechanics were characterised through a ramp loading to failure (rate 1mm/sec), incorporating the 12 mm travel distance of the testing machine. A video-extensometry technique was used to validate machine recordings for the repair site for force at the 2mm gap distance, the ultimate strength, and the mode of failure. Characteristics of the two groups were tested for equivalency using inferential confidence intervals (ICI). Both fresh and embalmed groups were indistinguishable in both force at 2mm gap (fresh 17.9±4.7N; embalmed 18.1±5.1) and ultimate strength (fresh 43.93±10.0; embalmed 43.7±9.4). With the exception of one specimen with complete suture pull-out, all specimens exhibited partial pull-out as the final mode of failure. Our study demonstrated that tendon repair characteristics of phenol-embalmed specimens were equivalent to fresh specimens. Post-mortem chemical preservation can indeed preserve both visual and biomechanical characteristics of soft tissues. This study opens new avenues in support of the use of embalmed specimens in medical curricula and surgical training.


High sampling frequency Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor is used to measure the dynamic wavefront error in adaptive optics system. Its output signal must be processed by wave front processor.In this paper, the method of real time processing for high sampling frequency Shack-Hartmann wave frontsensor was discussed. As an example, the results for 2900 Hi Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor was given.


This study analyzed the accumulation of arsenic and its influence on the content of P, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, S, Ca, Cl, and K in fronds of Azolla filiculoides via X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Azolla was exposed to increased concentrations of sodium arsenate (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 μg ml − 1) in Yoshida's nutrient solution. After 96 h, fronds were collected and taken to constant weight to calculate the relative growth rate (RGR), the biomass duplication rate, the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and the elemental concentration via XRF analysis. By increasing As concentrations the RGR and BAF were reduced. The greatest accumulation of As in fronds was achieved at 20 μg As ml − 1, which did not show significant differences with the highest concentration. Accumulation of As in fronds diminished concentrations of Mn, Fe, Zn, S, Ca, and K, while the concentration of P remained low but unchanging. The P content was significantly lower than the As content, thus the As:P ratio in fronds enhanced as the As concentration increased. Concentrations of Cl and Cu were unaffected due to As. This is one of the first reports about the influence of As-accumulation on the elemental content in Azolla fronds.


The growing competition that exists among universities particularly private and international universities in the higher education (HE) sector has led them to focus on building their brand equity to have a unique position. Thus, this study emphasis on the role of social media brand communication, as one of the most important elements in building brand equity, which consists of firm-generated content (FGC) and user-generated content (UGC) to examine their impact on building brand equity dimensions via online brand experience in the Egyptian HE sector. Questionnaires were distributed electronically to gather data. Data gathered from 399 undergraduate students from private and international universities. Data have been analyzed via Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), AMOS 22. Results indicated that UGC has a significant positive direct impact on online brand experience more than FGC. Additionally, it has been indicated that online brand experience played a mediator role between UGC and brand equity dimensions. This study contributes to the branding literature by highlighting the vital elements in building brand equity in the HE sector that needs more attention. Also, this study helps the service providers in the HE institutions to focus on the significance role of UGC in developing online brand experience, which helps to build brand equity dimensions.


A meta-analysis was conducted of target gender effects on trait attributions from 18 bogus stranger studies that had manipulated target gender and target physical attractiveness. Collapsed over sex of perceivers, female targets were seen as more sociable, happier, and possessing greater character than male targets. However, these effects were small and were often moderated by the perceivers' sex. Male perceivers viewed female targets as more sociable and happier than male targets, whereas female perceivers viewed male targets as more dominant than female targets. There was no moderation of the gender effect on attributions of character, as both sexes viewed females more favorably than males and the effect size was very small for perceivers of both sexes.


Article is specific polymer foam free of halogenated blowing agents have a cutting main surface, characterized by having a width of 750 millimeters, 50 kg / cubic meter following ρ (CST / CSP) value and further comprising an extruded polystyrene foam characterized by having a cutting main surface. .BACKGROUND


Cornelius Crusman was born in Charlotteville, Virginia April 14, 1800. Served several terms as Sheriff of Montgomery county. He died in 1850 in San Francisco after his gold searching company disbanded. Saddlery business and real estate investor.


Contemporary artists' work in chocolate, and their reasons for using this medium, are summarized. The likely composition of chocolate is then described: cocoa butter, sugar, vegetable fats, and sometimes wax or milk. Some of these materials migrate easily through the chocolate, and can appear as a bloom on the surface; this indicates adverse changes to the physical properties of the bulk chocolate. Passive conservation is important: storage at 20-21°C and 40-50% relative humidity (RH) is recommended, rather than a lower temperature which requires more rigorous RH control. Insect attack is always a danger, and acceptable ways of treating infestations are discussed. Mechanical cleaning of chocolate surfaces is possible, and surface cleaning with water, ethanol, or a nonpolar solvent are possibilities, depending on the amount of bloom and the porosity of the surviving chocolate.


A pharmaceutical composition comprising a tetrahydrobenzathiazole having a chemical formula shown below or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt for use in a method of restoring neuronal, muscular (cardiac and striated) and / or the function of the retinal tissue, in children or adults with neurodegenerative diseases: ** (See formula) ** wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 and C3-alqueniloC1 and N (R3) ( R4) is in the 6 position.


Flexible coupling device is provided for a gas generator similar to the damping mass resiliently connected to the exposed to the oscillation and / or vibration of the vehicle part, particularly the air bag module, the elastic coupling device comprising: a vehicle for the a rigid support ring; at least one similar to a rivet head holding a workpiece, the workpiece is fixed facing said damper mass and is made of a rigid material; and coupling the supporting ring and the fixation piece spring body. Each made of a plastic material of the support ring and / or the fixing piece and the spring body made of elastomeric material by two-color process, in particular molded by two-color injection molding in a single manufacturing step.


Understanding whether self-supervised learning methods can scale with unlimited data is crucial for training large-scale models. In this work, we conduct an empirical study on the scaling capability of masked image modeling (MIM) methods (e.g., MAE) for visual recognition. Unlike most previous works that depend on the widely-used ImageNet dataset, which is manually curated and object-centric, we take a step further and propose to investigate this problem in a more practical setting. Specifically, we utilize the web-collected Coyo-700M dataset. We randomly sample varying numbers of training images from the Coyo dataset and construct a series of sub-datasets, containing 0.5M, 1M, 5M, 10M, and 100M images, for pre-training. Our goal is to investigate how the performance changes on downstream tasks when scaling with different sizes of data and models. The study reveals that: 1) MIM can be viewed as an effective method to improve the model capacity when the scale of the training data is relatively small; 2) Strong reconstruction targets can endow the models with increased capacities on downstream tasks; 3) MIM pre-training is data-agnostic under most scenarios, which means that the strategy of sampling pre-training data is non-critical. We hope these observations could provide valuable insights for future research on MIM.


Integrating the biokinetic model of selenium with Monte Carlo analysis, a quantitative study of ecological risk assessment on blood selenium levels of residents in Jinn Province was studied. The result shows that the established biokinetic model can be used to predict the blood selenium levels of residents in a region. The predictive average of blood selenium is 0.044g/mL and standard deviation is 0.013. Compared with the measured average of blood selenium (0.043g/mL) and standard deviation (0.019), there exists no obvious difference between (P 0.05). The predictive risk degree (19.8%) is also similar with the measured condition of Keshan disease occurrence(16.4%) of residents in Jinn Province. The advance of ecological risk assessment model of selenium offers a good demonstrative example for the study of predictive model on other trace elements in human body.


We propose the concept of filtered Microwave Photonic Links as those providing the most general and versatile description of complex analog photonic systems. Expressions leading to the computation of their main figures of merit are provided which, to our knowledge, are not available in the literature and can be useful as figure of merit results for complex links can be directly obtained from them just by substituting, in the overall closed-form expressions, the numerical or measured optical transfer function characterizing the link.


Recently, an idea of creating a smaller integration group within the main integration union of the planet - the European Union - has been crystallizing. This is about integrating two countries of the Iberian Peninsula – Spain and Portugal. Their relations have gained "cruising speed" and have improved so much that the eventual association has even been named Iberolux, by analogy with Benelux. While this is only an idea, there is evidence that a new Iberian integration community within the EU may emerge in the future. Despite numerous challenges and risks that can hinder the realization of this prospect and complicate the Spanish-Portuguese dialogue, the emerging phenomenon of intra-Iberian integration is of obvious interest, especially against the backdrop of the crisis trends in the European Union.


Urmia Lake is one of the largest permanent hypersaline lakes in the world. The lake can be characterized as an oligotrophic lake concerning phytoplankton production. Due to low precipitation in recent years in Urmia Lake's catchment area, the water level has declined as much as 4 m compared to 15 years ago. Irrespective of its recent evolution, Urmia Lake has always shown fluctuations in historical and geological times which may cause some ecological partition. Regarding allopatric speciation model of Artemia we assume that several populations of Artemia are generated during last years and living in Urmia Lake. To investigate Artemia population diversity in Urmia Lake, Artemia urmiana Gunther 1890 cysts were collected from five sites in Lake Urmia, Iran. These sites in part represent areas with different physicochemical conditions. To detect possible differences between stations, discriminant analysis (DA) was performed on data of survival, growth, and reproduction at two salinities (75 and 150 g.l-1) in laboratory culture tests. The performed DA implied that for the reproductive and life span characters, in both salinities, the stations of Golmankhaneh can be determined as the separated group among the studied stations which can be considered for industrial projects and evolutionary studies.


Trivalent samarium (Sm 3+ ) doped Na3Gd(PO4)2 (NGP) phosphors were prepared by citrate gel combustion process. The structure, optical and energy transfer studies were systematically characterized through photoluminescence (PL), Xray diffraction, and decay measurements, respectively. Upon 406 nm excitation Sm 3+ doped NGP phosphors emit orange-red luminescence with peak maximum at 602 nm. Sm 3+ ions were located at the inversion symmetry sites of NGP lattice. The Commission International de I'Eclairage chromaticity coordinates were calculated from the photoluminescence spectra. The NGP: Sm 3+ phosphors can be used as a promising material for solid state lighting devices.


This research is motivated by community service activities (student work lectures) carried out by Serang Raya University students, where one of the main targets is to find out how business communication is carried out by MSMEs Onion sticks from Mancak Village and to improve MSMEs to become more advanced. By using qualitative research methods and a case study approach, using Fatimah, who is the founder of this UMKM, and Febby Fitriani as the owner, the author finds that the UMKM Sticks of Mancak Village initially only used interpersonal communication by entrusting their products to stalls. around. Since it was founded in 2015, it was only in 2022 or to be precise after the service activities carried out by Serang Raya University students, this Stick MSME began rejuvenation with new packaging which had a positive impact on increasing product sales. In 2022, MSME Onion Sticks will start selling via the e-commerce Shopee, but with the complexity of e-commerce tools and the need for the latest or additional gadgets, therefore marketing through e-commerce has not run optimally. The SWOT analysis is also attached at the end of the discussion to provide positive input for the MSME Sticks of Mancak Village, particularly, and MSMEs for food products in general


1. Formal arguments against full 1:st person knowledge of motivation. 2. Empirical evidence against 1:st person knowledge of motivation. 3. Sensitivity to background factors. 4. Individuation of options. 5. Charitable or paternalistic interpretation. 6. The role of self-diagnosis in deliberation. 7. Conclusions


The uses of herbal drugs are getting popularity in the market of India and Pakistan for the treatment of various diseases. In this study, the Salmonella typhi (ATCC 19430) susceptibility and sensitivity was evaluated against various herbal drugs. Seventeen herbal brands including liquid and solid dosage forms claimed to treat typhoid were purchased in this study. The serial dilutions of these samples were prepared and it was observed that herbal powder (AY1) sowed activity against Salmonella typhi while the rest of samples were without activity. The brands in liquid state were comparatively more active as compared to solid brands and in these samples taifax 120ml syrup (MZ1) made better zone of inhibition against Salmonella typhi while typhex plus 60ml (KF3) and temp out syrup (KF4) were less active. Minimum inhibitory concentration of AY1, MZ1 and KF4 brands were observed at 50μg/ml while the rest of the brands at this concentration were inactive. Levofloxacin antibiotic was taken as standard and its inhibitory concentration was 15.62μg/ml. The present study reveals that though herbal drugs are trendy in the market of India and Pakistan for the treatment of typhoid but it is misfortune to say that most of these drugs are not effective. Therefore appropriate measures must be taken against such biologically inactive drugs to secure the society.


Based on case study and research on the antielectricity measures choosing of traveling carriages for continuous girder to overpass the existing railway catenary in short range,compressive strength calculation of the insulation protection board,electrode fabrication on site,and on installation and testing the real-time monitoring of the antielectrucity,this paper revealed that,according to different insulation protection requirements,site operation can be carried out while the railway traffic safety can be guaranteed.This antielectricity measure is also easy to be fabricated on site,and it is significant in popularization and application in similar railroad engineering construction.


Along the last years, the Data-driven approach in Social Simulation is gaining more and more strength. Thus, the use of large collections of empirical data is becoming more frequent, and new demands emerge. This work attempts to contribute to the debate proposing the intense use of Data Mining for the improvement and development of Data-driven Agent-Based Models. Therefore, a methodological approach explaining why and when to use Data Mining is presented, with a formal description of each stage. Besides, a case study following the proposed approach is explained, showing its application step by step.


As the semester begins to wind down, our holiday preparations are gearing up. In this issue, we provide a few resources and important reminders during the hustle and bustle of the upcoming holiday season. Remember that the winter holiday season is prime time for Internet criminals. We urge you to practice safe computing, stay vigilant, and think before you click! —Sam Segran, Associate Vice President for IT and Chief Information Officer Message from the CIO


In the constant current discharge capacity monitor for battery,microcontroller is taken as core and PTC thermistor is taken as discharge load,PWM technique is used to control current constant,the current and voltage of discharge battery is real-time monitored,the discharge means of heavy current constant current is adopted to activate the battery and lengthen the life of it.The basic circuit consists of ATmega128,power,memory and time chips,the display control drive circuit is composed of the touch screen,LCD display module,data acquisition circuit and PWM signal driving circuit,and the monitor is constituted together by the two circuits. The design idea of the hardware structure and circuit is introduced.


In this note we study the properties of a sequence of approximate propagators for the Schrödinger equation, in the spirit of Feynman's path integrals. Precisely, we consider Hamiltonian operators arising as the Weyl quantization of a quadratic form in phase space, plus a bounded potential perturbation in the form of a pseudodifferential operator with a rough symbol. The corresponding Schrödinger propagator belongs to the class of generalized metaplectic operators, a fact that naturally motivates the introduction of a manageable time-slicing approximation scheme consisting of operators of the same type. By leveraging on this design and techniques of wave packet analysis we are able to prove several convergence results with precise rates in terms of the mesh size of the time slicing subdivision, even stronger then those that can be achieved under the same assumptions using the standard Trotter approximation scheme. In particular, we prove convergence in the norm operator topology in $L^2$, as well as pointwise convergence of the corresponding integral kernels for non-exceptional times.


For complex constantsA andB withjBj 1, A6 B, letS [A;B] be the class consisting of normalized analytic functionsf satisfying zf 0 (z) f(z) 1+Az 1+Bz . The radius of starlikeness, the radius of strong-starlikeness, and the radius of parabolic-starlikeness are obtained for functions in S [A;B]. Consequences of these results are also discussed.


A vacuum bonding a liquid crystal display device comprising means for: a whole vacuum processing chamber; a vacuum processing chamber is provided on the upper and lower table under table and space for receiving the first and second substrates; and receiving at least a first substrate disposed in the vacuum system, the virtual area for contacting the first and second substrates in a region between the liquid crystal cell.


Latin American subaltern studies are in vogue, the meaning of "subaltern" having been enlarged since its origins in Asian studies and description as history-from-below.1 Its proponents now view it as "A word sufficiently elastic to embrace the [various] subordinated peoples of popular culture ..." (Stern, 1995: x) Whether social history was a sufficiently descriptive term and subaltern studies simply a more flashy way to describe such investigations could be argued. In any event,


Image quality assessment is a difficult and complex task due to its subjectivity and dimensionality. Attempts have been made to make image quality assessment more objective, such as the introduction of image quality metrics. However, it has been proven difficult to create an image quality metric correlated with perceived overall image quality. Because of this, and to reduce the dimensionality, quality attributes have been proposed to help linking subjective and objective image quality. Recently, Pedersen et al. (CIC, 2009) proposed a set of meaningful quality attributes for the evaluation of color prints with the intention of being used with image quality metrics. In this paper we evaluate image quality metrics for the quality attributes, and propose a set of suitable image quality metrics for each attribute. The experimental results indicate that the Structural SIMilarity index (SSIM) by Wang et al. (2004) is the most suitable metric for measuring the sharpness quality attribute. For the other quality attributes the results are not as conclusive. Introduction The printing industry is continuously moving forward as new products are introduced to the market. These products are becoming more and more affordable, and the technology is constantly improved. The need to assess the quality is also increased, for example to verify that new technology advancements produce higher quality prints than the current technology. There are two main methods to assess Image Quality (IQ), subjective and objective. Subjective assessment is carried out by human observers. Objective assessment does not involve human observers, but rather measurement devices to obtain numerical values, or alternatively IQ metrics. These IQ metrics are usually developed to take into account the human visual system, and thus with the goal of being correlated with subjective assessment. Numerous IQ metrics have been proposed [1], but so far no one has succeeded proposing an IQ metric fully correlated with subjective IQ [2–5]. Mostly because IQ is multi-dimensional and very complex. To reduce the complexity and dimensionality, Quality Attributes (QAs) have been used in the assessment of IQ. These QAs are terms of perception [6], such as sharpness and saturation. In earlier papers [7, 8] we proposed a set of six QAs for the evaluation of color prints: • Color contains aspects, such as hue, saturation, and color rendition, except lightness. • Lightness will range from "light" to "dark". • Contrast can be described as the perceived magnitude of visually meaningful differences, global and local, in lightness and chromaticity, within the image. • Sharpness is related to the clarity of details and definition of edges. • Artifacts, like noise, contouring, and banding, contribute to degrading the quality of an image if detectable. • The physical QA contains all physical parameters that affect quality, such as paper properties and gloss. These QAs are referred to as the Color Printing Quality Attributes (CPQAs). We have created the CPQAs to help establishing a link between subjective and objective evaluation. Our long term goal is to evaluate quality without involving human observers. In order to achieve this, with the starting point of CPQAs, we need to identify IQ metrics able to correctly measure each CPQA. Therefore, in this paper we investigate and evaluate IQ metrics in the context of CPQAs, with the goal of proposing suitable metrics for each of the CPQAs. To achieve our goal the first step is to identify relevant IQ metrics for each of the CPQAs. Then an experiment is set up to evaluate each of the CPQAs, where both naive and expert observers are included to assure an extensive evaluation. Later, the results from the relevant metrics identified in the first step are compared against the results of the two observer groups. This enables us to refine the selection of IQ metrics for each CPQA, and to recommend a suitable set of IQ metrics able to measure each of the CPQAs. This paper is organized as follows: First we select the relevant metrics for the different CPQAs. Then the experimental setup is explained, and the printed images are prepared for the IQ metrics. We then evaluate the metrics before we conclude and propose future work. Selection of Image Quality Metrics for the Color Printing Quality Attributes Numerous IQ metrics have been proposed in the literature [1], and we have selected a sub-set of these, as shown in Table 1. The selection is based on the results from previous evaluation [2–4], the criteria on which the metrics were created, and their popularity. Since many of the IQ metrics are not created to evaluate all aspects of IQ, only the suitable metrics for each CPQA will be evaluated. Furthermore, for specific CPQAs we also evaluate parts of the metrics. For example, S-CIELAB combines the lightness and color differences to obtain an overall value. When suitable, we will evaluate these separately in addition to the full metric. Experimental setup In this paper, two experimental phases were carried out. In the first phase, 15 naive observers judged overall quality and the different CPQAs on a set of images. In the second phase, four expert observers judged the quality of a set of images and elaborated on different quality issues. We will give a brief introduction of the experimental setup, for more information see Pedersen et al. [18]. Table 1: Selected IQ metrics for the evaluation of CPQAs. X X X X X X X X X Metric CPQA Sharpness Color Lightness Contrast Artifacts


Abstract— A method of analysis for etioplast pigments by high‐performance liquid chromatography is reported. The method is suitable for separation of protochlorophyllides, chlorophyllides, carotenoids and several forms of Chl‐a.


Populism has been extensively researched in the last few years due to the resurgence of the phenomenon both in Europe and the USA. Most scholars have followed dualistic approaches focusing on an either/or model of populism as an ideology, a discursive frame, or a political strategy, and very little attention has been paid to the communicative aspects of populism. This paper argues for the need to work towards an integrated model of interpretation that takes into consideration the social, ideological, and political conditions that make populism possible or thriving together with the communicative elements of populist phenomena, as they are expressed in variant forms and duration in specific historical and social contexts. Evidence from existing empirical and analytical work is applied in the framework of a Strategic Communication model in an effort to enhance our understanding through a multidisciplinary perspective. It is shown that contemporary populism as a multifaceted power strategy cannot be sufficiently understood as a "communication style" or reduced to a "discourse analysis", but it would rather require a full examination and critical evaluation of political party strategies and media tactics, marketing communications, public relations and advertising campaigns designed to influence large audiences, utilizing multiple media platforms.


Powdered petroleum coke was pelletized,and the effect of calcination conditions on the recovery efficiency and true density of calcined coke was investigated.The results show that pelletizing can improve the recovery efficiency and true density of calcined coke,reduce the calcination loss,and improve the quality of calcined coke.Heating rate,calcination temperature and calcination time can affect the recovery efficiency and true density of calcined coke.The production cost can be reduced and the quality of calcined coke can be improved by controlling the calcination conditions.


Rumex dentatus L. is a very common weed of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Pakistan. Present laboratory and pot trials were carried out to evaluate metabolites of Drechslera holmii, Drechslera biseptata and Drechslera australiensis as natural herbicides against R. dentatus. Fungal metabolites were prepared in M1D medium. In laboratory bioassays, original and 50% diluted metabolites of different Drechslera spp. significantly reduced seed germination, shoot biomass and root biomass of R. dentatus seedlings by 5–56%, 15–83% and 68–88%, and that of wheat seedlings by 8–20%, 16–38% and 28–38%, respectively. Metabolites of D. biseptata and D. australiensis exhibited greater herbicidal activity than metabolites of D. holmii. In foliar spray repeated pot trials, original metabolites of the three Drechslera spp. significantly reduced shoot biomass of oneand two-week old plants of R. dentatus by 54–60% and 27–46%, respectively. By contrast, the effect of metabolites of all the three Drechslera spp. was non-significant on growth of wheat plants. Metabolites of D. australiensis showed the highest herbicidal activity in pot trials. It is concluded that metabolites of Pakistani Drechslera spp. possess herbicidal potential. © 2013 Friends Science Publishers


The development of highly interactive software systems with complex user interfaces has become increasingly common, where prototypes are often used as a vehicle for demonstrating visions of innovative systems. Given this trend, it is important for new technology to be based on flexible architectures that do not mandate the understanding of all complexities inherent in a system. In this context, we share our experience with developing an object oriented framework for a specific new technology, i.e. speech recognition. We describe the benefits of the object oriented paradigm rich with design patterns, which provide a natural way to model complex concepts and capture system relationships effectively, along with achieving a high level of software reuse.


The genesis of the Russian Pomorye navigation system as signs of transition and border between the early life and another world is traced back in the article. The spiritual content of the natural spatial landmarks, man-made stone burial mounds, coastal wooden crosses and temples-lighthouses is studied in the context of the Pomor culture, the significant role of the Solovetsky monastery in the development of the northern seafaring being revealed.


The increasing research and debate during the last decade on the use of color as an information code indicates that color displays are here to stay—because they are preferred to monochrome displays and because they are generally more effective, provided the color coding is done properly.
Depending on the function of the colors, the requirements for legibility, color differences, color contrasts, and color appearance may be widely different.
To meet design requirements for video display units (VDUs), perceptually based color spaces are needed. During the last decade color appearance systems have come into use for color selection in color VDUs. These systems are gaining prominence over colors defined in numerical RGB values, which are not related to the perceptually relevant dimensions of hue, chroma (chromaticness, saturation), lightness, and blackness. We have developed a 'Palette' based on the Natural Color System (NCS) and on the CIE 1976 (L* u* v* ) system (CIELUV). With the 'Palette', colors can be selected interactively as well as automatically, according to a) NCS notations and/or CIELUV values, b) every day language or, c) the functional significance of the color in the image. A palette is presented in a frame around the image. The user is then free to try the different colors one at a time at his/her convenience.


Aim:The study was focused on the effect of nitric oxide(NO) and NO synthase (NOS) on the isolated working rat heart after ischemic reperfusion injury.Methods:The gene expression of constitutive NOS (cNOS) was quatified by reverse trancription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The myocardial NOS content,the NO in effluent samples from coronary sinus was measured and the cardiofunction was assessed before and after ischemic reperfusion.The effects of Bradykinin(BK),L-argininne and BK+L-arginine on myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury was evaluated.Results:The study demonstrated that the expression of cNOS mRNA was downregulated and NO,cNOS were reduced,but inducible NOS(iNOS) increased during ischemic reperfusion injury.In BK-treated group, compared with the control group of ischemic reperfusion,NO and NOS were increased,the recovery of myocardial function was improved. Compared with the control group,NO was increased in L-arginine-treated group,but the recovery rate of myocardial function was decreased .In BK+L-arginine-treated group,compared with BK-treated group,NO was increased and the recovery of myocardial function was improved significantly.Conclusion:These results indicated that down-regulation of expression of cNOS mRNA and the change of isozymes of NOS could be one of the important mechanisms for the myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury.NO is double- edged but increasing cNOS may have effect of myocardial protection.


Abstract Luce Irigaray's writings on Nietzsche's philosophy belong to the groundbreaking interpretations of his work and they also confirm the continued relevance of his philosophy. Unlike most male-centric philosophers, Nietzsche not only saw that sexual difference was becoming one of the major philosophical issues of our age. He was also keenly aware of how it permeated our philosophical tradition with its dualistic models, which is one reason for Irigaray's interest in it, as has been widely discussed in feminist/queer philosophical research into her Nietzsche interpretation. Another common denominator of Nietzsche and Irigaray are their philosophies of the body. Interpreters of Irigaray have pointed out how her conception of embodied, sexuate being calls for a new way of philosophical thinking (Grosz), and Stegmaier interprets the liberation from prejudices we encounter in Nietzsche's works as a "liberation of philosophy." How can the liberation of philosophy be understood in the way we practice philosophical thinking? In the following interpretation of Irigaray's book The Marine Lover of Friedrich Nietzsche (1980), I show how it offers a theory and a practice of embodied philosophical thinking, which I will discuss in light of new phenomenological methodologies of embodied thinking (Gendlin, Petitmengin). Irigaray's interpretation of Nietzsche's philosophy in Marine Lover is both critical and constructive as apparent in her interpretation of Dionysus and Ariadne. On the one hand, this couple represents for her the patriarchal tradition of philosophy that she claims Nietzsche is still stuck in, and on the other hand, it also represents a liberation from resentment and misogyny in relations of the sexes. The notions of listening to oneself and to the other, being touched and tearing, enable such a liberation, both on the level of relations of the sexes and on the level of philosophical dialogues and thinking that Dionysus and Ariadne also represent. The water/ocean in the title of Marine Lover indicates how this is a philosophical text that displays an explicit processing and articulation of feelings, emotions, and affects in philosophical thinking.


In his interesting discussion of the politics of the greater romantic poets, Mr. Walter Graham throws light not so much upon the work of the poets as upon the men themselves. The illumination is biographical rather than critical. Is it not possible to carry the analysis of the material further, to view the problem involved in the political doctrines of Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, and Shelley in such a way as to give a literary as well as a biographical significance to the data? The importance of such analysis for Scott, Southey, and Keats is less, and in any case cannot be undertaken in the present paper. With respect to Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, and Byron, however, such a consideration has not only its own value but would confirm and also perhaps offer a correction of the biographical view.


According to the invention, based on a radio communication system which uses a TD / CDMA subscriber and the radio interface is organized in accordance with a TDD method, performed by a base station a channel estimation of transmitted in the uplink direction from a subscriber station signals. Subsequently, the base station performs a pre-emphasis of data and a training sequence of a downlink to the subscriber station to be transmitted radio block. Of the subscriber station is selected, a suitable for receiving the pieces of data receiving method depending on a channel impulse response of the known training sequence.


THE NEW COMMUNITIES ACT OF 1968 - TITLE IV OF THE 1968 HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT ACT AUTHORIZED FEDERAL GUARANTEES TO LENDERS SUPPLYING PRIVATE CAPITAL FOR NEW TOWN DEVELOPMENT. MANY ESTABLISHED CITY OFFICIALS VIEWED THIS LEGISLATION AS A THREAT TO THE CAPABILITY OF CITIES TO SURVIVE. THE NEW COMMUNITY ACT HAS THE FOLLOWING QUALIFICATIONS THAT THE COMMUNITIES MUST: (1) HAVE A BALANCED USE OF LAND INCLUDING HOUSING, COMMERCE, AND INDUSTRY, (2) MAKE SUBSTANTIAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOUND AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE AREAS IN WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED, (3) HAVE A BROAD RANGE OF HOUSING TYPES, AND (4) EMPLOY NEW TECHNOLOGY IN HOME BUILDING, REHABILITATION, AND MAINTENANCE. INCIPIENT NEW TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE REVIEWED IN THE LIGHT OF EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE. SPECIFICALLY, COLUMBIA, MARYLAND AND RESTON, VIRGINIA HAVE MADE ENOUGH OF A START THAT THEY SERVE AS EXAMPLES OF THE ANALYSIS. IN ADDITION TO PROVIDING HOUSING OPPORTUNITIES FOR EVERYONE FROM JANITORS TO PRESIDENTS OF CORPORATIONS, THE NEW TOWNS HAVE STATED OBJECTIVES OF PROVIDING JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR EVERY RESIDENT. HOWEVER, EXPERIENCE HAS SHOWN THAT SUCH WILL NOT BE THE CASE. THERE WILL BE COMMUTING IN BOTH DIRECTIONS, FROM OLD CITIES TO THE NEW TOWNS, BECAUSE IT WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE TO MATCH HOUSING AND JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND PARTLY BECAUSE OF THE DESIRE OF MANY PEOPLE TO LIVE IN PLACES REMOTE FROM THEIR EMPLOYMENT. IN ENGLAND, IT IS OFTEN NECESSARY TO HAVE A JOB IN A NEW TOWN BEFORE GETTING A HOUSE THERE. WITH THE EXISTING HOUSING SHORTAGE, THE ONE TENDS TO LEAD TO THE OTHER. OPEN HOUSING AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYMENT LEND TOWARD INCREASING RACIAL INTEGRATION. NEW TOWNS ARE PROVIDING FOR A GROWING POPULATION AND ARE ALSO PROVIDING AN EXPANDING ECONOMIC BASE. THE NEW TOWNS CAN BE AND SHOULD BE A USEFUL TOOL IN HELPING TO REVITALIZE THE OLDER CITIES.


A continuous belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm for a hybrid automatic repeat request (ARQ) system is proposed in this paper. The proposed continuous BP decoding algorithm utilizes the extrinsic information generated in the last iteration of the previous transmission for a continuous progression of the decoding through retransmissions. This allows the continuous BP decoding algorithm to accelerate the decoding convergence for codeword determination, especially when the number of retransmissions is large or a currently combined packet has punctured nodes. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed continuous BP decoding algorithm.


Objective To observe the effect of oral minirin in postoperative transsphenoidal surgery patients with central diabetes insipidus. Methods The changes in the urine volume and osomlality after two weeks of minirin medication (0. lmg, 3 times each day) were observed in 34 patients with central diabetes insipidus underwent transsphenoidal surgery. Results After two weeks of minirin therapy,the average daily urine volume decreased from 7985.40 ±410. 36 ml to 2277. 87 ± 328. 94 ml,and the average plasmas osmolarity increased from 301. 68 ± 3. 59 ml/d to 313. 26 ±4. 87 mOsm/ kg. No adverse reaction was observed during the therapy. Conclusions Minirin is effective and safe in the therapy of postoperative transsphenoidal surgery patients with central diabetes insipidus.

Key words:
Minirin; Central diabetes insipidus; Pituitary adenoma; Transsphenoidal surgery