Various types of data have been used for sampling plant core collections, including morphological, agronomic and ecogeographical traits, and molecular and biochemical markers. However, little is known about the ability of woody perennial core collections to retain the diversity and structure of the whole collection for characters that were not considered in the selection, especially when molecular markers are used. In this study, three core subsets were established for the apple germplasm bank curated at the Public University of Navarre (UPNa, Spain): based upon the diversity found with 10 SSR markers, another based upon the diversity assessed with 12 isozyme loci; and a third based upon morpho-agronomic diversity evaluated by 23 morpho-agronomic traits. Comparisons between these three subsets and to the whole collection were assessed to determine the impact of the data used in the selection on phenotypic and genetic diversity and on their population structure. The three subsets had a similar diversity and they did not differ from the original collection, according to Nei and Shannon-Weaver indices. The allelic/class frequencies were also always maintained in the three subsets. Overall, the kind of data used to constitute a core collection had little influence on the phenotypic and genetic diversity retained, so in the case of apple collections the use of molecular markers is preferable for this task because they allow a rapid and reliable characterization.


Needs-based capitation models have been suggested as an alternative to health-care funding methods based on historical utilization patterns. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) applied in conjunction with an age/gender adjustment is the most widely adopted measure of relative need. This paper addresses a number of important index construction issues using Canadian data and discusses their health policy implications. These include the influence exerted by the age structure (excluding people over 64 versus 74), the optimal period over which to average the SMR in order to smooth meaningless fluctuations, and the correspondence between SMRs, standard socioeconomic indicators (i.e., unemployment, education, and income) health-care "need," and expenditures.


The objective : the study of individual clinical demographic factors as the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in 93 patients esentsiynu arterial hypertension (EAH) in general medical practice. Patients and methods . Among the patients 49 (52.69%) men and 44 (47.31%) men, mean age 58,80 ± 9,60 years, disease duration from 4 to 25 years (average 15.2 ± 2 '68). At present 12 people with diabetes type 2 diabetes and CKD. All patients were complex research: general clinical, laboratory, instrumental and consult an ophthalmologist and neurologist. Results . It was established that obesity is a marker that increases the risk of DM in patients with EAH in 1,54 times [OR=2,63; OR 95% CI=0,73–9,44; p>0.05]. Body mass index ≤ 24,9 kg/m2, hyperglycemia and alanine aminotransferase elevation in blood (ALT >0,68 mmol/h*ml) cause the risk of CKD increase in 2,45 times [OR=3,18; OR 95% CI=0,82–12,37; p>0,05], 5 times [OR=25,0; OR 95% CI=2,92–213,9; p=0,001] and 3,37 times [OR=4,56; OR 95% CI=1,12–18,59; p=0,045], respectively. Increased body weight and obesity did not affect the risk of CKD in patients with EAH. Conclusion . The hypertension degrees are not associated with DM appearance in EAH patients, but EAH 3rd degree increases the CKD risk in 13,5 times [OR=16,0; OR 95% CI=1,33–192,8; p=0,043].


We have built an arm-navigation assisting system for a visually impaired person (user) to reach an object on the table, where optical tracking of marks attacked both on the objects and on his arm is used in order to augment his sight. The system helps him with giving spacial information of the workspace so that he creates a cognitive map of the workspace. For this purpose degrees of congestion on the workspace must be conveyed to the user. Starting from the description of the assisting system, we propose in this paper a method of judging the degrees of congestion of the workspace around arm. There are five of them: from "narrow" to "broad," which are determined by using well-established Neural Network techniques on the basis of the spacial data obtained by the Distance Field Model (DFM) representation of the workspace. Defining spaciousness by entropy-like measure based on the DFM data is also proposed separately.


This paper presents the digital PI control method for design and simulation of a high precision limited angle brushless torque motor control system in Field Programmable Gate Array device (FPGA). The direct drive structures which are widely applied in many servo control fields. Matlab Xilinx System Generator® toolbox based on Fixed-Point Arithmetic is used to design the digital PI controller using DSP architecture, plot the responses of the control system and generate the VHDL source code. The control system model consists of a digital PI, a real LABTM, and a real absolute Inductosyn, encoder to rpm and position blocks. Through loading generated codes in process of the simulation that built by the digital discrete model, it is verified that the rising time of current loop is only 1.2ms, and rate loop is 8ms, overshoot is rarely 4.2%. Finally, the comprehensive positioning accuracy of system can reach up to ±5 arc sec, and the rate jitter achieves 5% with the ±4 arc sec accuracy absolute Inductosyn.


Dear brother bishops, priests, and deacons, esteemed physicians and nurses, healthcare professionals, my dear friends in Christ.

For the past year, I have been privileged to serve as the episcopal advisor to the Catholic Medical Association in the United States. Your guild, the Saints Cosmas and Damian Guild, is one of the most active in the country, and I'm glad that you invited me to celebrate Holy Mass with you today.

In today's Gospel, the Blessed Mother is visiting Elizabeth, her cousin. Elizabeth knows upon seeing Mary that the Lord has done something great in her life. Elizabeth feels unworthy even to receive Mary, the mother of the Lord. To respond to Elizabeth's joy, the Blessed Virgin Mary says something extraordinary: "My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord."

There is probably no phrase in Scripture that represents the fullness of the Christian life more than this. Is there a higher aspiration than having a soul which proclaims God's greatness?

The Blessed Mother was given the grace of the Immaculate Conception. She was without sin from the very first moment of her conception. She was chosen to be the Mother of God. Of course, her soul most beautifully proclaims the greatness of the Lord. But our souls can do the very same thing. We're called to reflect God's goodness—this is what holiness really means.

In lifelong Christian discipleship, God desires to make us holy—to transform us into reflections of his goodness, so that our souls will proclaim his greatness.

Working in a Paris laboratory in 1958, Dr. Jerome Lejeune made a startling discovery. He was examining the cellular composition of local asylum patients, at the time called "mongoloids." In the first sample, he noticed a cellular abnormality: a third chromosome of the twenty-first pair. He reviewed more samples, and more, and more, and discovered in each one the very same chromosomal abnormality. By July 1958, Dr. Lejeune was ready to prove it was trisomy 21—and not maternal syphilis, or a difficult pregnancy, or prenatal neglect—that caused the condition we now call Down syndrome.

Soon after, Dr. Lejeune discovered the chromosomal cause of Fragile X syndrome. His work also led to the discovery of trisomy 18.

We know now that those discoveries were groundbreaking. And Dr. Lejeune would have likely been content to continue laboratory research and ordinary patient care. But the Holy Spirit spoke to him, calling him to more. Armed with new knowledge he opened the first clinic for people with Down Syndrome, treating patients from around the world. And he helped to form thousands of physicians in new ways to treat those with significant chromosomal abnormalities. His correlation between genetics and intellectual disability initiated a new era in treatment and advocacy for the intellectually disabled led by Dr. Lejeune, who in 1994 became the first president of the Pontifical Academy for Life. I met Dr. Lejeune in the summer of 1990 when I was living in Europe, and spent a whole day with him. I knew then I was in the presence of a saint.

The soul of Dr. Jerome Lejeune proclaimed the greatness of the Lord.

Giuseppe Moscati completed his medical training in 1903. He was twenty-three years old. He was the wealthy son of an Italian lawyer. He began the practice of medicine in a hospital, working especially as a surgeon; and in 1912, he was appointed to a prestigious post at a university. In 1906, the roof of his hospital caved in, and he dragged patients to safety, one at a time. In 1911, cholera broke out, and, with no regard for his own health, he treated hundreds of patients. Those experiences transformed him. While Dr. Moscati might have been content teaching and practicing medicine, the Holy Spirit spoke to him, calling him to more.

In 1912, he took a vow of celibacy—a promise to remain unmarried, and to serve the poor as a physician. He used the financial freedom of his position to open free clinics for the homeless and the working poor. He slipped money under his patients' pillows. And when they suffered, he encouraged them to offer their suffering to Christ—to share in the Cross. He encouraged patients to go to Confession and doctors to join him at Mass. He died at forty-six of sudden illness—and sixty years later John Paul II declared him a saint.

The soul of Dr. Giuseppe Moscati proclaimed the greatness of the Lord.

Gianna Molla had a family practice in the hills outside Milan. She had long dreamed of becoming a missionary physician in Brazil's tribal country, but her own ill health wouldn't allow it. So like Moscati, she practiced family medicine, often for free. She married an engineer, and bore three children. In 1961, at thirty-nine, she was pregnant again with her fourth child. Dr. Molla might have been content to raise her children, and practice medicine. But God called her to something more.

Two months into her pregnancy, her doctor found a fibroma on her uterus. She was advised to undergo an abortion and hysterectomy. Gianna refused. She knew and understood the risks. She had treated patients with similar conditions. But Gianna loved the child growing inside of her more than she loved her own life. She underwent surgery to remove the fibroma. It was unsuccessful. In April 1962, she went into labor—begging her doctors to spare her child if things went wrong. Her daughter was born healthy but, seven days later, Gianna died of septic peritonitis.

In 2004, I was graced to be present at her canonization. I met her ninety-year-old husband that day. Her family brought up her relics and presented them to Saint John Paul II at the offertory. It was a moving experience to behold.

The soul of Dr. Gianna Molla proclaimed the greatness of the Lord.

Dear brothers and sisters: each one of you is called to holiness.

Lejeune, and Moscati, and Molla were physicians in imitation of the Divine Physician—Jesus Christ. Their work was an expression of the fundamental experience of their lives: divine love.

Becoming good and holy medical professionals requires becoming good and holy men and women—requires that our lives are fundamentally defined in relationship to Jesus Christ, and to his Church. And becoming good and holy medical professionals requires openness to the hand of Providence—to the prompting, inspiration, and leadership of the Holy Spirit in their lives.

We are living, as Pope Benedict said in 2005, in a world that has largely surrendered to a dictatorship of relativism. And the consequences of moral and cultural relativism are abundant. Among your peers, this is most borne out in the consequences of the technocratic materialism that dominates our cultural worldview.

In medicine, this is particularly true. Today medicine seems to be driven by a technocratic impulse to pursue scientific possibilities with no concern for their moral, ethical, or human consequences. Your peers in medicine prescribe contraception, which robs sexuality of its beauty and purpose. Some perform abortions, taking human life under the guise of personal freedom or compassion. As our population ages, more and more physicians will consider seriously the practice of euthanasia and "assisted suicide." Some of you come from Missouri, where the state legislature is debating an assisted-suicide bill even now.

And the corporatization of medicine means that patients are increasingly seen as customers, and the humanity of healing is replaced with the economics of profiteerism.

Health care in America is losing sight of the fundamental dignity of the human person.

Dear physicians—the world of medicine needs the Gospel. And you are called to be missionary disciples to the medical community.

In 1990, Pope Saint John Paul II said that in our culture, "economic well-being and consumerism inspires and sustains a life lived as if God did not exist." He concluded, "what is needed now is a 'new evangelization.'"

The New Evangelization is the work of ordinary men and women who enter into the lives of their communities, with audacity and zeal, with joy and daring—ordinary men and women, whose lives proclaim the greatness of the Lord. The New Evangelization is witness to the love of Jesus Christ in a world hungering to know him.

You, if you choose to be, are the New Evangelization. Do not be afraid to be evangelists for Jesus Christ in your medical practice. Do not be afraid to be "modern apostles." Do not be afraid to encounter the broken world, for the sake of truth. Do not be afraid to offer all that you've been given—to pour out your lives—for the salvation of souls.

You should strive to have souls that proclaim God's greatness, because you are made for the love of God. You should strive for holiness in medicine, because the world needs the witness of doctors who know the truth about the human person, and respond to it. And you should strive for sanctity in medicine, because your patients need the love of God, poured out for them through your lives.

The Blessed Mother puts it very simply: "My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord; my spirit rejoices in God my Savior." The world is longing to see the greatness of the Lord. May you become holy in and through the practice of medicine. May you trust the promptings and the call of the Holy Spirit. And may you become missionary disciples, and witnesses to the healing love of God.


Following literature that already reframes entrepreneurship as a social change activity, we consider the societal change potential of entrepreneurial narratives in crowdfunding pitches of predominantly female-run ventures. We understand the community-driven phenomenon crowdfunding therefore as a vehicle to transcend and change the predominantly masculine entrepreneurial discourse of innovation and business success. Following an idiographic methodology, we analyse the discourse in crowdfunding video-representations of female-run ventures and explore structure, linguistic usage, visual artefacts and the implied intentions towards social change from a feminist perspective. From the sampling set of 42 crowdfunding campaigns, we use the resulting discursive elements and tropes to identify feminist themes that drive the success of these campaigns through connecting with immanent societal values. With this we contribute to the social change perspective in entrepreneurship research by addressing epistemological issues within prevailing paradigms.


The suitability of H-point standard additions method (HPSAM) to resolve of overlapping spectra corresponding to the paracetamol and chlorzoxazone was verified. The results showed that the H-point standard additions method with simultaneous addition of both analytes utilizing absorbance increment is suitable for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol and chlorzoxazone. The results of applying the H-point standard additions method showed that the two drugs could be determined simultaneously with the concentration ratios of paracetamol to chlorzoxazone varying from 1:2 to 2:1 in the mixed samples. In addition the means of the calculated RSD (%) were 1.40 and 1.92 in synthetic mixtures with 1.29 and 1.68 in dosage form for paracetamol and chlorzoxazone, respectively.


As a unique and pleiotropic polymer, d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (Tocophersolan) is a polymeric synthetic version of vitamin E. Tocophersolan has attracted enormous attention as a versatile excipient in different biomedical applications including drug delivery systems and nutraceuticals. The multiple inherent properties of Tocophersolan make it play flexible roles in drug delivery system design, including excipients with outstanding biocompatibility, solubilizer with the ability of promoting drug dissolution, drug permeation enhancer, P-glycoprotein inhibitor and anticancer compound. For these reasons, Tocophersolan has been widely used for improving the bioavailability of numerous pharmaceutical active ingredients. Tocophersolan has been approved by stringent regulatory authorities (such as US FDA, EMA, and PMDA) as a safe pharmaceutical excipient. In this review, we systematically curated current advances in nano-based delivery systems consisting of Tocophersolan with possibilities for futuristic applications in drug delivery, gene therapy, and nanotheranostic.


Detection of Atrial fibrillation (AF) is more complex as compared to other cardiac diseases. It requires lengthy ECG signals and more time for visual inspection and analysis by the physicians. Automatic detection of AF using an expert system is essential for the investigation of ECG signals. In this study, the Physionet challenge 2017 dataset is used for the detection and classification of AF versus other signals. In this paper, ECG signals are segmented into a sample size of 250 samples for the detection of Wavelet Packet Decomposition (WPD) and approximate entropy (ApEn) features for classification. In addition to WPD and ApEn, statistical features were derived from ECG signals. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been used to reduce the dimensionality of the features based on the rank. Ensemble classifiers such as AdaBoost, XGBoost and Random Forest (RF) are used for classification. The accuracy of 62.91%, 70.33% and 89% for the AdaBoost, XGBoost and Random Forest respectively. We found RF classifier is suitable for classifying AF, normal rhythm and other non-AF related abnormal heart rhythms.


The experiment was conducted to determine diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), water use efficiency (WUE), and environmental factors in Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz grown in salt-alkali soil. The data acquired in this study showed that diurnal changes of Pn and Tr were two-peak-type-curve and were marked by a midday depression of Pn, which could be fully accounted for by Gs changes. Carboxylic efficiency (CE), photosynthetic rate at saturation for intercellular CO_(2) concentration (A_(350)), apparent quantum yield (AQY), and photosynthetic rate at light saturation (Pmax) all decreased at midday. The results indicated that the midday depression could be attributed to the rising leaf temperature caused by increased strong solar radiation (PAR).


The modern organization of the power system based on ac microgrids allows the insertion of distributed generation (DG) feeding by renewable energy sources (RES). This new configuration demands the development of control strategies for improving the efficiency and reliability of these networks. Among the possible, the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) concept has gained increased interest in providing a suitable solution to interconnect the DGs to the power systems. This paper presents a solution to the DG interconnection system by using the VSG approach. Differently, from the solutions proposed before, the virtual inertia of the proposed solution employs a controlled time delay inserted into the active and reactive power control loops. Besides, the paper also presents possible solutions for providing a suitable VSG start-up. Experimental results demonstrated the performance of the proposed method.


Criminal evidence discovery is a very important system in criminal proceeding,which originated from the Anglo-American law system and means that the accuser and the defendant exchange relevant evidences before the public trial in court.Up till now,in spite of some regulations on how the accuser and defendant could get the information of the case in the criminal procedure law,the system of criminal evidence discovery before trial hasn't been established in China.In order to establish the system of criminal evidence discovery in China,we should follow the following principles including discovery in accordance with law,two-way discovery and complete discovery,regulate the scope of criminal evidence discovery,improve the procedure of evidence discovery and establish the punitive regulations on breach of the evidence discovery obligation.


The success or failure of trademark translated version has a direct effect on the sale of the product.The methods of translating trademarks are usually used as follows:transliteration,free translation,the combination of transliteration and free translation,abbreviation,coined words etc.,Culture conflicts must be avoided and cultural differences paid attention to in translating trademarks.


This study analyzes the relationships between the dimensions of organizational environment dynamism, complexity and munificence and firm performance and mediating effect of strategic orientation. Data were collected by surveying 170 managers of Brazilian hotels and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results revealed a positive relationship between entrepreneurial strategic orientation and performance and a negative relationship between conservative strategic orientation and performance. Environmental munificence had a direct and positive impact on performance. Environmental dynamism did not have an impact on performance, but did affect both conservative and entrepreneurial strategic orientations; environmental complexity had a negative effect on entrepreneurial orientation, also with no direct impact on performance. In turn, strategic orientation mediated the relationships between dynamism and performance and between complexity and performance, but did not mediate between munificence and performance. It can be concluded that complex environments reduce the impetus for enterprising approaches, decreasing performance, and that if the reaction to a perception of dynamism is an increase in entrepreneurship, then performance also increases.


Using analytical methods, we derive and extend previously obtained numerical results on the low temperature properties of holographic duals to four-dimensional gauge theories at finite density in a nonzero magnetic field. We find a new asymptotically AdS5 solution representing the system at zero temperature. This solution has vanishing entropy density, and the charge density in the bulk is carried entirely by fluxes. The dimensionless magnetic field to charge density ratio for these solutions is bounded from below, with a quantum critical point appearing at the lower bound. Using matched asymptotic expansions, we extract the low temperature thermodynamics of the system. Above the critical magnetic field, the low temperature entropy density takes a simple form, linear in the temperature, and with a specific heat coefficient diverging at the critical point. At the critical magnetic field, we derive the scaling law s ∼ T1/3 inferred previously from the numerical analysis. We also compute the full scaling function describing the region near the critical point and identify the dynamical critical exponent: z = 3. These solutions are expected to holographically represent boundary theories in which strongly interacting fermions are filling up a Fermi sea. They are fully top–down constructions in which both the bulk and boundary theories have well-known embeddings in the string theory. Communicated by S F Ross


We developed a gain–loss approach to estimating the dynamics of the dead organic matter pool in northern Australian savannas consistent with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2006 guidance. Previously, only emissions of methane and nitrous oxide were accounted in greenhouse gas budgets. The new approach is based on a modification of the Olson fuel accumulation equation. This modification includes the mean post-fire residue and accounts for losses from both fire and decomposition and for gains from grass production, tree litter fall and the death of trees. We apply the approach to a case study in western Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, in which the fire regime has been changed and the project has achieved recognised abatement of methane and nitrous oxide emissions. The carbon sequestration in the dead organic matter is ~85 times the annual emissions abatement in this project area and when expressed as an annual rate is ~3.5 times the abatement. We also show that the emissions abatement has previously been underestimated owing to an inability to fully account for dead organic matter dynamics. Future work could refine the models of dead organic matter to include seasonal dynamics in inputs.


A meme is an information pattern, held in an individual's memory, which is capable of being copied to another individual's memory. Memes are the basic building blocks of our minds and culture, in the same way that genes are the basic building blocks of biological life. Memetics is the theoretical and empirical science that studies the replication, spread and evolution of memes. If the contagious nature of memes is brought to bear upon popular words, it will, for sure, strengthen the study of the propagation of messages. Based on the meme theory, this paper explores that affixed new words resemble parasites in the way that they are copied and transmitted quickly, which have the following characteristics: dynamic, high frequency and derivational. From a certain point of view, affixed new words express people's values, ideas and state of mind and reflect the social phenomenon. It is hoped that the present paper may give readers some insight in exploration of the spread of affixed new words and draw attention of more people from different field of study.


Local scour occurring around bridge pier is three-dimensional in nature. A clear understanding of the scour evolution is essential for ensuring bridge safety, flood management, and the associated fluvial process. Evolution of the topography of the scour hole around a cylindrical pier was investigated based on long period, clear-water experiments. Results show that the evolution of the different dimensions of the geometricparameters, like the depth, the width, upstream extent, plan area and the volume, all follow the logarithm law. The associated rate of change of the parameters follows the power law. The scour hole pattern exhibits selfsimilarity during the whole scouring process. The upstream part of the scour hole geometry can be described by a "Scour-Ellipse", and the evolution of the ellipse and its geometric parameters follow the logarithm law. The area in the scour hole, where the bed slope angle exceeds the angle of repose is designated as the "Steep Slope Region", and it is quite unstable during the initial stage of growth. The other portion of the scour hole area is defined as the "Gentle Slope Region". Empirical formulas have been proposed to estimate the different scour parameters which can be adopted as a reference during bridge design and scour protection measures.


This paper is concerned with two-person dynamic zero-sum games. Let games for some family have common dynamics, running costs and capabilities of players, and let these games differ in densities only. We show that the Dynamic Programming Principle directly leads to the General Tauberian Theorem---that the existence of a uniform limit of the value functions for uniform distribution or for exponential distribution implies that the value functions uniformly converge to the same limit for arbitrary distribution from large class. No assumptions on strategies are necessary. Applications to differential games and stochastic statement are considered.


Abstract Simple, mild and highly efficient protocol has been developed by using heterogeneous silica supported SiO2-BiCl3 (5 mol%) catalyst from the condensation of pyrrole (1, 2 mol%) and various substituted aryl aldehyde(2, 1 mol%) to afforded meso-dipyrromethane (3a-j) with excellent yields at room temperature. We synthesize a series of meso-dipyrromethane (3a-j) derivatives. The feature of reaction requirds mild reaction condition, shorter reaction time, high yield of products and recyclability of catalyst makes this method a good option for the synthesis of meso-dipyrromethane (3a-j) derivatives. All the synthesized 3a-j was confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and LCMS.


ABSTRACT Zoledronic acid is widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone diseases. However, patients may experience adverse effects involving the anterior segment of the eye following intravenous infusion. This paper reports a rare case of uveitis involving the vitreous cavity following the intravenous administration of zoledronic acid.


Mossbauer spectroscopy utilizing precise computer-based curve fitting procedures and X-ray diffraction methods have been used to study four deep-sea and one fossil marine manganese nodule. They have shown that X-ray amorphous goethite (α-FeOOH) and probably akaganeite (β-FeOOH) are the secondary iron oxidehydroxide phases present in the deep-sea nodules. The fossil nodule contained goethite with a larger particle size (approx. 350A) which had presumably been formed by the recrystallization of X-ray amorphous goethite and/or the alteration of the metastable akaganeite.


Summary form only given. Simultaneous iterative identification and restoration have been treated. The image and the noise have been modeled as multivariate Gaussian processes. Maximum-likelihood estimation has been used to estimate the parameters that characterize the Gaussian processes, where the estimation of the conditional mean of the image represents the restored image. Likelihood functions of observed images are highly nonlinear with respect to these parameters. Therefore, it is in general very difficult to maximize them directly. The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm has been used to find these parameters.<<ETX>>


The preparation process flow of conducting paint and silver plated flake copper powder as conducting filling were introduced.The relationship between the surface's unit resistance of the film with contents of silver plated copper powder and its particle size,and the contents of coupling agent were studied.Results show that the conducting performance of the film gained under the conditions of 400 mesh particle size of silver plated copper powder,with mass fraction over a range of 57%~65%,10% by mass fraction of titanate coupling agent is the best.The resistance value is stable during long time storage because of the addition of(C-18) oleic acid to the paint.The film has good performances by test as follows: adhesion 1 grade,hardness 1 H,flexility 1 mm,impact strength of 50 kg/cm~2,film thickness of 10~15 μm,film surface's resistance of 0.15 Ω per centimeter and 0.47 Ω per decimeter.Points worthy of attention during application of the conducting paint were presented.


The trend of NCDs in most LMIC countries is slowly but gradually follows that of in the developed countries. There are four significant diseases reported by WHO, which are equally common, such as CVDs, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory disease that causes widespread early death & morbidity. Indeed, it incurs an overwhelming financial burden to most countries in the world. The rise of drug-resistant microbes is another major problem. To overcome this issue, precision medicine (PM) comes into play whereby individual variability in genes, environment, lifestyle, and nutrition of each person is considered for disease treatment & prevention. PM provides a personalized approach, the right treatment to the right people at the right time. Many wealthy countries in the West have started adopting PM though the initial cost is high, ultimately, in the long run, will reduce the healthcare cost by getting rid of the ineffective treatment strategies. However, the PM in LMICs is still at an early stage due to issues such as lack of populationspecific data, competency, expertise, and poor financial support.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(1) 2020 p.32-47


The objective In this research are to know what are the indicator of good performance, what are the CSF, KPI & KGI  for ?, how do we measure and compare both of them? The  Methodology    used  for  this  research  is  based  on  framework released by IT Governance Institute but it is being modified (minor changes) for a certain purpose. Based on our analysis the average IT Maturity level of fourteen IT process at MIS Department PT. XYZ is 2.83 more higher than the result from ISACA survey among 47 US company only 2.62. The IT management of PT. XYZ should not make their self satisfied with this result, as multinational company they have to aware for improving regarding their IT governance. Our research also provided & equipped set action plan & methodology for management to achieve the better IT Maturity Level. There are some recommendations for the IT management in order to achieve the better namely: 1. IT Maturity Level Management have to perform continuous improvement, especially for some IT process such as   DS1 (Define Service Level) the lowest maturity rating, DS4 (Ensure Continuous Services) the second lowest maturity rating, PO9 (Assess Risk) & PO10 (Manage Project) the third lowest maturity rating. 2.   Management also have to consider for doing the full step methodology in the next assessment. 3.   Management have to consider for develop  performance measurement tools, this tools will help management to manage IT resources & process for aligning with the business objective


The article deals with the ways of enhancement of critical thinking of students on foreign languages lessons which is an indispensable characteristic of a creative personality, highly-qualified specialist. There are shown methods of critical thinking allowing to reach such educational results as skills to work with growing and constantly changing information flows in different fields of knowledge; ability to express thoughts confidently and correctly; generate your own opinion based on comprehension of diverse experience, ideas and viewpoints; solve problems; cooperate and work in a group.


In a national research project we assessed gender-related communicative patterns in 20 teams from diverse organizations. The sub-sample for this study consisted of two teams with one gender token each: a female token in an industrial team of eleven persons and a male token in a kindergarten team of eight persons. We focused on dominance and support-related behaviour in verbal and nonverbal communication. More specifically, we assessed patterns of talking times, back channelling, gaze behaviour, affect display, and movement qualities. Results suggest patterns within and between verbal and nonverbal codes. In the selected sequences, where tasks are negotiated with some underlying conflict potential, we observed that independent of status and token position, women used more nonverbal communication, regarding dominance, support and defensive behaviour. Defensive behaviour is used when the self image of a person is threatened. This seems to apply not only to the female gender-token in the male-dominated team situation, but to a certain degree also to the female leader when interacting with the male gender-token. Selfand other ratings of gender-tokens were biased toward stereotypic perception. Our case studies support and exemplify research findings that gender-token status frequently has negative consequences for women only.


THERE is much variation in usage, and much uncertainty among authors and editors (especially editors of nonornithological publications), with respect to the orthography of English names ("common names" or "vernacular names" of many authors, but see Parkes 1975: 819) when these names are compounded from two or more words. I refer only to the English group-name, not to the modifying word or words used to denote the particular species. Our concern here is with "Frigatebird" and not with "Magnificent." The first modern attempt to standardize the orthography of the English names of North American birds was made by Cheesman and Oehser (1937), in a report originally prepared for the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the American Ornithologists' Union. The recommendations in their report dealt with several matters of orthography beyond those considered here. Eisenmann (1955), in his paper on Middle American birds, "followed in the main" the recommendations of Cheesman and Oehser, and, in turn, most of the names used by Meyer de Schauensee (1966) were those recommended by Eisenmann as a consultant on English nomenclature. Even within these two works, however, the formation of compound names is inconsistent. In spite of the editorial policies of some journals and book publishing companies, most ornithologists (including the writer) appear to believe firmly that the names of bird species should be capitalized. The usual reasons given for this, which are valid, are that it prevents the ambiguousness of such combinations as "gray flycatcher" and "solitary sandpiper," and that it makes the names of birds easier to spot in a page of print. In addition, the English name of a bird species can be considered to be aproper name, and thus entitled to capitalization (see editor's footnote in Cheesman and Oehser 1937: 335). Group-names in the plural are sometimes capitalized when they are intended as parts of two or more species names: thus, Common and Roseate Terns rather than Common and Roseate terns (U.S. Government Printing Office 1959:22). However, the Council of Biology Editors prefers the second (uncapitalized) version (Council of Biology Editors 1972: 184), which should be used in manuscripts intended for biological journals. When group-names are used alone in a textual context, whether single or compound, they are not capitalized. Thus we write, "The smallest of the hummingbirds is the Bee Hummingbird." Similarly, Otus choliba is the Tropical Screech-Owl, but there are several other species of Otus collectively called screech-owls (some of which are tropical screech-owls). I developed the following "rules" during my attempt to standardize the nomenclature used in the "Avian Biology" series (Farner and King 1971-1975). They are intended as a kind of style manual; that is, guidelines for an approach to an almost complete consistency in the formation of compound names. Some are virtually unchanged from those of Cheesman and Oehser, and others attempt to codif•v the refinements made by Eisenmann and others. Adherence to these "rules" will, it is


f*ls general practitioner was Dr. P. N. Heron, who is unable to be present tonight ut he has written me a letter, in which he says that although the man was a patient ?* his for almost ten years, he saw him hardly at all. He did, however, see him in *94-6 or 1947 and at that time he refused to have anything done and would not go ,? 0ut-patients or have any private opinion. His attitude was " I don't care if it


ABSTRACT This brief comment on Samantha Punch's paper first recalls the theoretical context in which the notions 'generational order' and 'generationing' emerged. It is then suggested that their uneven use both in childhood research and elsewhere is centrally related to inadequate consideration of ontological and methodological issues involved in cross-theory and cross-context adaption of 'travelling concepts'.


A self-made growth-promoting agent was added to the modified Loewenstein-Jenson medium in order to enhance the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in culture. The standard strain H37Rv and 20 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis were inoculated on the modified L-J medium with or without growth promoting agent and the colony growth of bacteria was observed daily. It was found that the rice-like colonies of H37Rv strain appeared on cultures with growth-promoting agent 5-7 days after inoculation, while those of cultures without this agent could be observed 14 days later. For the 20 strains of clinical isolates, the average time for the appearance of rice-like colonies on cultures with growth-promoting agent was 7.0 days after inoculation, but those without this agent was 14.7 days. It is evident that the novel growth-promoting agent make it possible to enhance the growth of M.tuberculosis on cultures within one week, thus facilitating the rapid diagnosis, observation on the effectiveness of chemotherapy and epidemiologic survey of tuberculosis.


Reproduction behaviour of insecticide-resistant and susceptible populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), a challenging insect-pest of cruciferous vegetable crops round the globe, is reported. The oviposition period differed significantly for pairs from resistant population, the maximum being 8.33±0.577 d. Both the resistant and susceptible moths preferred untreated surface over insecticide-treated surface for egglaying. The fecundity was maximum (185.0) when pairs from resistant population were mated and minimum (135.3) when both the males and females were from the susceptible population. In spite of the higher fecundity of the resistant moths, their reproductive effort (fecundity × egg-size) could not register a higher value given to the smaller egg-size (0.023 mm3) as compared to the bigger eggs (size = 0.035 mm3) of the susceptible ones. Hatchability of the eggs of pairs of the susceptible population was the maximum (79.28%) than pairs from that of resistant populations (74.10%). Certain pronounced reproductive behavioural differences were registered in the insecticide-resistant P. xylostella as compared to the susceptible one. This knowledge may help to find management solution against diamondback moth.


Background: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) delirium is a nonspecific, potentially preventable, and often reversible disorder of impaired cognition, which results from various causes in ICU patients. For appropriate management of delirium, early identification and risk factor assessment are key factors. Multidisciplinary collaboration and standardized care can enhance the recognition of delirium. Design: In this study, authors used the exploratory and descriptive study method. Method: The study was conducted in a group of 45 nurses of the cardiac intensive care unit. The department has 16 intensive care stations and is intended for patients after cardiac surgery who require intensive care in the postoperative period. Results: During the analysis the interviews, five Collective Subject Discourses were distinguished: signs and symptoms, physical restraint, use of sedatives, environment, and lack of education. Conclusion: Nurses have no knowledge of the factors contributing to the development of delirium, are unable to communicate with such patients and, most of all, do not know the consequences of the actions taken.


The Steel Plant Model (SPM) is an advanced logistic simulation model for steel plants. With the SPM, bottlenecks can be solved and logistics can be optimized. Both existing plants and greenfield designs can be simulated. All movements and actions simulated, from hot metal to cast products. Not only all major equipment and their relevant components (like a sublance) are simulated, but also ladles, scrap boxes, transfer cars and cranes. The whole plant is simulated in 3D and actual distances and speeds determine transport times. The SPM includes process time deviations and equipment downtimes for maintenance or unexpected breakdowns. This ensures more realistic and reliable results. Logistic optimization is based on comparison of different scenarios. For a new scenario, equipment and practices, etc. can easily be modified, added or removed. At the same time the SPM produces all relevant data for every new scenario, which can be presented conveniently. This makes the SPM the ultimate tool to find bottlenecks or optimize plant logistics. The SPM is validated for several plants world-wide, with different characteristics and layouts. The SPM not only realistically simulates existing plants with all utilizations, crane movements and waiting times, but also to accurately predicts the influence of plant modifications or unexpected events like breakdowns. Given the flexibility of the SPM, any (new) steel plant can be simulated quickly when a layout and the requested data are provided.


A professor of physics at Harvard University, Mikhail D. Lukin was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2018 for his work in quantum optics and quantum information science. Lukin has explored a variety of topics during his career, from quantum manipulation of atomic and nanoscale systems to nanophotonics and quantum metrology. He has developed several techniques, with applications including the realization of quantum computers and quantum networks and quantum sensors that can be used in materials science research and biological imaging. In his Inaugural Article (1), Lukin and colleagues used quantum temperature sensors and local laser heating to manipulate cell cycle timing in embryos of the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans , a model organism for cell and molecular biology research. Lukin recently spoke to PNAS about his findings.

Image credit: Mikhail Lukin.

> PNAS:How did you become interested in using quantum sensors to study biological systems?

> Lukin:I'm a quantum physicist, and my "day job" involves building quantum machines, such as quantum computers, quantum simulators, and quantum communication systems. Over the past two decades our community has developed very sophisticated and unique tools to study and control quantum systems. We have learned how to look at atoms one at …


We have developed mental commit robots that can provide psychological, physiological and social effects to human beings through physical interaction. The appearances of these robots look like real animals such as cats and seals. We have applied the mental commit robots to assist activities of the elderly people at a day service center. In order to investigate the effect of the robots on the elderly people, and to analyze the factors that influence them, we evaluated elderly people's mood by questionnaires, and investigated their experience of breeding pets, interaction with the robots and so on. The mental commit robots were introduced at the day service center for five weeks. Results show that the feelings of the elderly people were improved by interaction with the robots. As for the analysis of factors that bring mental effects to the elderly, we found the "time of touch divided by number of touch" in 2/sup nd/ week, and "experiences of breeding pets" in 5/sup th/ week. We conclude that mental commit robots are useful at elderly institutions like the day service center, and the factors of mental effects on elderly people changed from freshness of stimuli of the robots to feelings of breeding the robots like real animals.


The Demand of Mobile Communication systems is increasing day by day. New concepts and methods are necessary which required the need for new Technologies to satisfy the demand of this world of network. Smart Antenna system is one of those, which reduces the co-channel interference and maximize the user capacity of communication system, By shaping and locating the beam of the antenna on the mobile or the target thus decreasing interference to other users. The Main purpose of smart antenna system is the selection of smart algorithms for adaptive array. By using beam forming algorithms the weight of antenna arrays can be adjusted to form certain amount of adaptive beam to track corresponding users automatically and to minimize interference arising from other users by introducing nulls in their directions. Thus interferences can be suppressed and the desired signals can be extracted. Many algorithms are introduced due to advancement in technology. Every algorithms has different convergence characteristics and complexity of algorithm, according to our need we use particular algorithm in communication system.


Due to the extensive use of new technologies in agricultural and industrial field the soil and groundwater were severely polluted with elements that may pose a serious threat to the environment. For that purpose studies concerning new materials that can be successfully used for removal of heavy metals and other toxic elements from contaminated soil and water were conducted. The attention of the scientific studies were focused on the family of calcium phosphates, with a particular interest in hydroxyapatite (HAp), with general formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, due to the exquisite ability of adsorbing heavy element ions in aqueous conditions. This study focuses on synthesizing nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite powders with controllable parameters and very good stoechiometry. The structure, morphology and optical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).


Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects 1% of people globally. The development of a portable, low-power, and low-latency wearable sensor is a growing need to address epilepsy. An edge-computing-based wearable sensor has been presented that uses a pulse exclusion mechanism (PEM) and a random forest classifier to identify seizures at a reduced delay and minimal power consumption. Datasets recorded from the scalp electrode are utilized to demonstrate the feasibility of using the method as a wearable medical device. Including the edge-IoT platform in place of cloud IoT offers a considerable reduction in system latency. The optimized edge-computing platform reduces power usage significantly compared to existing methods. The reduced latency and battery usage make the proposed device faster and more energy-efficient, which may be useful for low-power wearable devices.


Based on the analyses of pollen samples from Well Haoke-1, this paper studies the Paleogene pollen sub-assemblage sequences of the Ek1 and the lower part of Es4 in Dongying Depression. Four sub-assemblages are distinguished, and then four phases are recognized. Through the study, it is found that the Ek1 and the lower part of Es4 in Dongying Depression belonged to the climate of subtropical semi-arid zone and the seasonal differences of climate became increasingly great with the evolution of the earth.


A group of faculty, researchers, and staff complete the analysis that informs California Health Benefits Review Program (CHBRP) reports. The CHBRP Faculty Task Force comprises rotating senior faculty from University of California (UC) campuses. In addition to these representatives, there are other ongoing researchers and analysts who are Task Force Contributors to CHBRP from UC that conduct much of the analysis. The CHBRP staff coordinates the efforts of the Faculty Task Force, works with Task Force members in preparing parts of the analysis, and manages all external communications, including those with the California Legislature. As required by CHBRP's authorizing legislation, UC contracts with a certified actuary, PricewaterhouseCoopers , to assist in assessing the financial impact of each legislative proposal mandating or repealing a health insurance benefit. The National Advisory Council provides expert reviews of draft analyses and offers general guidance on the program to CHBRP staff and the Faculty Task Force. CHBRP is grateful for the valuable assistance of its National Advisory Council. CHBRP assumes full responsibility for the report and the accuracy of its contents.


Except for the New World and Antarctica, cuttlefish are currently found globally in seagrass and other environments. They had an origin in the Late Cretaceous in the North Atlantic. Although cuttlefish are generally rare, Belosaepiidae may locally be more common. These and Sepiidae are recorded in faunal collections that may have come from the proximity of past seagrass environments. By the middle Eocene, cuttlefish may have evolved into modern Sepia. The record of cuttlefish in the New World ceased by the end of the Eocene, possibly as a result of climate cooling. The lack of cuttlefish in the New World continues to the present day. The distribution of cuttlefish during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic are strongly clustered in the North Atlantic area including Tethys where seagrass had its origin and from which it later radiated globally. Cuttlefish had a relationship with seagrass, which was formed in the Late Cretaceous and this continues to the present day. This fidelity may be due to cuttlefish behaviours in seagrass including feeding, protection, reproduction and seagrass acting as nursery. Fossil cuttlefish are nearly restricted to seagrass environments, which provided the appropriate preservational conditions. Future taphonomic studies may provide reasons for their rarity and near absence from other environments. George F. Forsey. 13 Maclean Close, Northampton, NN3 3DJ, UK. firstname.lastname@example.com


The socialist electoral system with Chinese characteristics must adhere to the guiding ideology of Marxism and socialist orientation.With rich content and covering all major aspects of democratic elections,Marxist election ideology in China is mainly consisted of the election thoughts of three generations of collective leadership of the Communist Party of China.Under the guidance of Marxist election ideology in China,the essential difference between socialist democracy and capitalist democracy should be made a clear distinction.


Bacteriophage PBS1 mediates generalized transduction in Bacillus pumilus NRRL B-3275 (BpB1). Transduction frequencies for single auxotrophic markers are of the order of 10−4 transductants per plaque-forming unit in crude phage lysates. The characteristics of PBS1 propagated on BpB1 and the properties of the system of transduction are similar to those reported for PBS1 propagated on Bacillus subtilis. By transduction, eight amino acid auxotrophic markers in BpB1 have been oriented into two linkage groups. One group contains the auxotrophic markers arginine A, leucine, and phenylalanine, and the other group contains the markers lysine, serine, tryptophan, isoleucine-valine, and isoleucine. The nature and relative order of the markers within each linkage group suggest that the arrangement of genes in these areas of the chromosome of BpB1 is similar to the arrangement of phenotypically comparable genes in two linkage groups (defined by PBS1 transduction) in B. subtilis. However, transduction of any of the above cited markers in BpB1 to prototrophy with PBS1 propagated on B. subtilis 168 could not be demonstrated. In addition to BpB1, seven other strains of B. pumilus can be infected with PBS1. Transduction has been demonstrated in three of these strains.


Objective: The EFFECT study (NCT02776072) retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients in a clinical practice setting who were treatment-naive or treated with only one prior therapy. Background: DMF has demonstrated a favorable benefit–risk profile in RRMS patients in clinical trials. However, there is an increasing demand to validate these findings through real-world effectiveness (RWE) data to guide physicians and patients in treatment decision making. Design/Methods: In this international, multicenter study, data were collected at a single time point via retrospective medical record review of patients treated in clinical practice. Inclusion criteria: DMF treatment initiated after December 2010; ≥12 months of follow-up data after DMF initiation; treatment-naive or one (IFN or GA) prior treatment. The proportion of patients relapsed was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Unadjusted ARR was total relapses divided by total patient-years of exposure. Results: A total of 816 DMF patients (620 [76%] female; mean [SD] age, 44 [12] years) were included in the analysis. At 12 months, the proportion of patients who experienced a relapse was 11.5%. ARR was significantly lower at 12 months after DMF treatment initiation compared with12 months prior (0.14 [95% CI: 0.12, 0.18] vs 0.49 [0.45, 0.54]; rate ratio (95% CI) 0.29 [0.23, 0.36]; P Conclusions: In this RWE analysis of patients who were treatment-naive or had received only one treatment prior to DMF, most patients did not have a relapse after 12 months of treatment. DMF was associated with a significant reduction in relapse rate after 12 months of treatment compared to 12 months prior, consistent with clinical trial findings that DMF is an effective treatment option for RRMS patients. Study Supported by: Biogen Disclosure: Dr. Calkwood has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Advisory, consultancy, and speaker activities for Acorda, Biogen, EMD Serono, Genzyme, Novartis, Roche, and Teva. Dr. Calkwood has received research support from Biogen, Celegene, Genzyme, Novartis, and Roche. Dr. Cohan has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Employment, consulting, scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities (Sanofi Genzyme, Biogen, Acorda, Genentech, Novartis). Advisory Boards, Research Steering Committees, Research Support and Speaking Honoraria, (Biogen, Mallinckrodt, Novartis. Dr. Cohan has received research support from Biogen, Mallinckrodt, Novartis, Roche Genentech, Sanofi Genzyme. Dr. Chan has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Bayer, Biogen, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva Neuroscience, UCB. Dr. Chan has received research support from Genzyme and UCB. Dr. Lathi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Van Der Walt has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Advisory boards for Merck, Novartis and travel honoraria from Biogen, Novartis and Teva. Dr. Wu has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with employee of and holds stock/stock options in Biogen. Dr. Wu holds stock and/or stock options in employee of and holds stock/stock options in Biogen, which sponsored research in which Dr. Wu was involved as an investigator. Dr. Wu holds stock and/or stock options in employee of and holds stock/stock options in Biogen. Dr. Min has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Miller has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with employee of and holds stock/stock options in Biogen. Dr. Miller holds stock and/or stock options in employee of and holds stock/stock options in Biogen, which sponsored research in which Dr. Miller was involved as an investigator. Dr. Miller holds stock and/or stock options in employee of and holds stock/stock options in Biogen.


Control method for EV of a dual inverter system with one battery is proposed. The conventional dual inverter system consists of an open-end winding motor and two inverters, and each inverter has an independent battery. In the case of a battery failure, it can be operated like a multi-level inverter by controlling the voltage of the smoothing capacitor on the failure side to half of the battery voltage, and improvement in system efficiency can be expected. However, it is difficult to maintain the capacitor voltage at half of the battery voltage in a wide operating region of the EV. Therefore, a control method that switches between one inverter operation and dual inverter operation according to the operating conditions, and that can respond to changes in the capacitor voltage during operation switching is developed, and demonstrated by hardware in-loop simulation and experimental vehicle.


Recently, the relatively old speculation that the physical QCD vacuum might be a kind of dual superconductor, in which color‐magnetic monopoles have condensed, seems to have received some "experimental" confirmation in lattice calculations. The lattice calculations do not dictate, however, the form of the effective low‐energy theory. And indeed, a rather wide panoply of possible effective theories has been proposed. The purpose of this talk is to review them in order to contrast their properties.


Cognitive scientists have often pondered the question of perceptual spaces, that is, the question of how a certain gamut of familiar stimuli might be organized in the mind. We present Trajectory Mapping as an alternative clustering method to the traditional algorithm of Multi-Dimensional Scaling. We suggest that given data about the relationships among stimuli, Multi-Dimensional Scaling provides the one type of information (geometric), while Trajectory Mapping offers a second type (relational). As an illustration we present the initial results of applying both clustering techniques to subjects' perceptions musical intervals. While an interpretation of Multi-Dimensional Scaling requires a priori knowledge of music theory, Trajectory Mapping reveals the music theory that has been internalized by subjects.


History of intellectual cotext for the two competitions for the headquarters of the Fascist regime in Rome, on the via del'Impero (1934-4) and on the Aventino (1937). Detailed analysis of Luigi Moretti's designs for these two competitions.


Credit scoring model is an important tool for reducing the risk of wrong decisions when granting credit facilities to applicants. This paper investigate the performance of kernel discriminant model in assessing customer credit risk. Kernel discriminant analysis is a non- parametric method which means that it does not require any assumptions about the probability distribution of the input. The main ingredient is a kernel that allows an efficient computation of Fisher discriminant. We use several kernel such as normal, epanechnikov, biweight, and triweight. The models accuracy was compared each other using data from a financial institution in Indonesia. The results show that kernel discriminant can be an alternative method that can be used to determine who is eligible for a credit loan. In the data we use, it shows that a normal kernel is relevant to be selected for credit scoring using kernel discriminant model. Sensitivity and specificity reach to 0.5556 and 0.5488 respectively.


Extrema of coefficients of thermal expansion of a symmetric and balanced angle ply laminate and extrema of lowest eigenfrequency of two types of simply supported angle ply plates are studied. It is shown that for two of the three cases considered explicit expressions for the angle leading to extremum can be derived.


Introduction With increasing clock frequencies of CMOS VLSIs, switching noise and electromagnetic radiation ure becoming serious problems. Simultaneous switching noise (SSI.I) is induced by transient current of CMOS circuits due to the parasitic inductance of package. The characteristics of SSN have been investigated by many authors tll-t4]. Radiated emission, i.e. electromagnetic interference (EMI) is another sensitive electromagnetic phenomenon whose radiation mechanism must be made clear in conjunction with LSI design, package structure design, and PCB wiring design in a system environment [5],[6]. In this paper, two tlpes of test chips have been developed for evaluating switching noise and radiated emission. One has no intentional on-chip capacitance , the other has on-chip capacitance. The effects of on-chip capacitance on the SSN and radiated emission have been investigated by operating VO circuits or core logic circuits.


The ionisation coefficient in Ar-Hg mixtures has been measured for E/n values between 6*10-21V m2 and 2*10-18 V m2 and for a mercury atom fraction varying from 2*10-4 to 2*10-2. The experiments were performed with a parallel-plate apparatus in which the current is measured as a function of the plate separation at constant electric field. The ionisation coefficient was found to be a function of E/n and the mercury atom fraction only. Small admixtures of mercury lead to a large increase in the ionisation coefficient due to Penning ionisation and associative ionisation. From the experimental results the effective rate coefficient for excitation to the appropriate argon states is obtained as a function of E/n, as well as the ratio of the rate coefficients for depopulation of these excited argon states by collisions with argon and mercury atoms respectively.


SUMMARY Evidence from the literature on collaboration is clear: the composition or inclusiveness of the group is highly correlated to levels of stakeholder satisfaction with collaborative processes. In practice however, there may be a much broader range of criteria of which conveners should be aware when deciding on group composition. Stakeholder recruitment entails consideration of how and why participants are chosen, as well as being aware of the pros and cons (and potential biases) related to various methods of stakeholder selection.


This study deals with source-pull and load-pull measurements of RF device. With the theoretical analysis of impedance matching network, as well as the thorough measure-ment of a LDMOS device, the RF performance variation on source impedance, as often can be seen in real measurement scenarios but not addressed in previous research, are illustrated and discussed. This research benefits the development of the nonlinear behavior modeling techniques as most such models are not taking the source impedance into account as model parameters at the moment.


Background: The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) is used in the curricular development of future health professionals worldwide, but often without first locally testing its psychometric qualities, for example, construct validity and internal consistency. These characteristics are modified by different environments, but must be locally appropriate to obtain unequivocal and reliable conclusions about the strong and weak areas of a curriculum. Here, we report the results of the psychometric testing of DREEM results in our institution in Chile. Methods: All 1st–5th-year undergraduate medical students were asked to respond the DREEM questionnaire. The construct validity of the results was assessed by an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and their internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's α. The Institutional Review Board approved the study, and each student signed an informed consent. Results: A total of 304 (88%) eligible students, aged 22 ± 2 years, 46% of females, answered the questionnaire. The EFA determined four instead of the original DREEM's five subareas with clearly different item contents. The inner consistencies of the locally defined subareas of teaching, learning, teachers and organizational aspects, and self-perception surpassed the originals with Cronbach's α values of 0.79, 0.78, 0.77, and 0.82, respectively. Discussion: The optimal psychometric structure to accurately interpret our DREEM results differed from both the original and previous similar studies, including one from Chile. There are several potential explanations for these differences, but most importantly, they underline the need to first define the psychometric characteristics of the test results, to obtain accurate conclusions about the strengths and the weaknesses of a curriculum.


Aims and objectives : To study the  outcome of hypertensive emergencies in an tertiary care teaching hospital in rural area and to study the clinical presentation of hypertensive emergencies related to cardiovascular, neurological and renovascular system. Methods: Type of Study: Cross-sectional, observational study. Duration of study: 18 months (MARCH 2018 to AUGUST 2019) Sample size: 50 patients of hypertensive emergencies, Above 18years of age group patients with Hypetension  in PES hospital, Kuppam. Inclusion criteria -1. All patients above 18 years of age. 2. Systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg Diastolic blood pressure > 120 mm Hg Exclusion criteria - 1 Patients less than 18 years of age,  2.Pregnant women, pre-eclampsia  We classified as hypertensive emergencies all cases in which the increase in blood pressure was associated with one or more of the following types of acute or ongoing end-organ damage: hypertensive encephalopathy; stroke (cerebral infarction or intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack); acute pulmonary edema, left ventricular failure; acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina, progressive renal insufficiency features suggestive of retinopathy. All these conditions were diagnosed clinically or by approprriate diagnostic tests. Conclusion: The most common presenting complaint in patients was breathlessness seen in 17 patients (34%), followed by neurological deficit in 24  patients (48%). Twenty seven patients (54%) had complaints of headache, whereas 12 (24%) patients complained of chest pain on admission and other symptoms included vomiting, and giddiness. Maximum hypertensive emergency cases were belongs to 56-65 years age group (40%) and ≥66 years (34%).Most common system involved neurovascular system followed by cardiovascular system and renal sytem. Out of 50 patients , 12 patients was expired and 38 patients was discharged. The outcome of hospital patient mortality was 24 %.


Rugby Union's player agent accreditation scheme has survived its first attack in the Supreme Court of New South Wales. Prof. Braham Dabsheck explains how.


An instantaneous zero sequence voltage injection method is presented in this paper. The key novelty of this method lies in the ability to provide instantaneous zero sequence voltage references using stationary abc-framework variables with no numerical iterations and no phase-locked loops. This paper discusses its applicability, especially in the field of large-scale photovoltaic power plants integration, where the efforts are made to achieve grid energy balancing. As an application example, the proposed method is used to find suitable zero sequence voltage references to extract unbalanced power from each phase in star-connected cascaded H-bridge multilevel converters. Under same conditions, the proposed method allows reactive power control, in contrast to traditional approaches that only consider unity power factor operation. Experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed zero sequence voltage injection method.


A fulminahg epidemic of arsenic poisoning has never been encountered as that occurring in Kansai of Japan in the summer, 1955. This is the report in which the abstracts of pathologic features of 7 autopsied babies, 1 female and 6 males, who have been fed for several weeks with dry milk contaminated with inorganic arsenic mixed in additional minerals. From this reason, the patients consisted of babies whose age was almost exclusively less than 12 months. Clinical manifestations ; The major clinical symptoms seen among moderately to severely diseased patients were those as follows ;1) Anemia, moderate to severe. 2) Hepatomegaly, associated with occasional ascites. 3) Fever up to 39"C, continued or remittent. 4) Catarrhal syndrome of conjunctivae, upper respiratory and alimentary canals. 5) Melanoor melanoleucodermia, with or without abnormal alopecia and eruptions of varied kinds. Melanosis was particularly prominent on the groin, but this dermal change was not necessarily positive for all the victims. 6) Tachypnea and manifest lesions of papilla nervi optici among severely diseased. Laboratory data ; 1) Blood ; reduction of erythrocytes, leucocytes and lymphocytes. A few of the cases counted less than 2 million of red cells and 3 to 4 thousand of white cells per cubic mm. Reticulocytes increased up to 400%. Other findings represent poikilocytosis, polychromasia erythrocytes with toxic granules and erythroblasts with nuclear degeneration. 2) Total protein, albumin, and globulin fraction; within normal range. 3) Non-protein-nitrogen ; normal. 4) Total cholesterol; increased to some extent. 5) Alkaline phosphatase ; highly activated in a small number of cases.


Starting with the change of price on international iron ore from 2001 to 2008,the deep cause of great drop on international iron ore price under the financial crisis are given : the market demand is effected seriously by increasing price of iron ore,the requirement of steel is shrinked because of the financial crisis.In order to inspiring iron ore market,authors pointed general use and strategic repertory of iron ore resources must be reinforced,mineral resources plan assorting with civil economy and social development must be established.


A federal advisory panel studying patient harm resulting from the use of health information technology has concluded that it does not have enough information to do so.


There is an ongoing debate about whether microfinance has a positive impact on education and health for borrowing households in developing countries. To understand this debate, we use a survey designed to meet the conditions for propensity score matching (PSM) and examine the impact of household credit on education and healthcare spending by the poor in peri-urban areas of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. In addition to matching statistically identical non-borrowers to borrowers, our estimates also control for household pre-treatment income and assets, which may be associated with unobservable factors affecting both credit participation and the outcomes of interest. The PSM estimates show a significant and positive impact of borrowing on education and healthcare spending. However, further investigation of the effects of the treatment reveals that only formal credit has a significant and positive impact on education and healthcare spending, while informal credit has an insignificant impact on spending. This paper contributes to the limited literature on peri-urban areas using evidence from one of the largest and most dynamic cities in Southeast Asia.


The heavily used books in four leading British business school libraries are analysed by type of author; subject; type of book; publisher; language; nationality and date of publication. Implications of the findings for management educators are discussed.


Blade tip losses represent a major efficiency penalty in a turbine or compressor rotor. These losses are presently controlled by maintaining close tolerances on tip clearances. This paper initially focuses on the control of tip leakage flow through minimization of the discharge coefficient to control the normal leakage flow component. A detailed numerical study of rotor-tip winglets, using a two-dimensional (2-D) turbulent flow formulation in primitive variables, is reported. Long and short winglets on the pressure, suction, and both sides (partial shroud) of the blade tip are analyzed. The results of the viscous analysis indicate superior performance with a partial shroud. The numerical technique is extended further to incorporate the axial flow effects by solving the full three-dimensional (3-D) Navier-Stokes equations with tip clearance effects included in the analysis. The 3-D model is validated by comparing it with the experimental results of the double-sided discharge rig of an earlier investigation. In addition, the variations in the specification of the boundary conditions at the inlet and exit of the pressure and suction side channels are investigated in detail. Comparison of the numerical and experimental results suggests an improvement in the predictive capability of the 3-D model over the 2-D analysis. Nomenclature b = height of the channel CD = discharge coefficient Ckn = discharge coefficient for 2-D model (Ref. 9) D — dilation term du dv dw dx dy Lc = axial length of tip clearance slot (3-D model) Ld = axial length of blade downstream of tip clearance (3-D model) Lg =tip clearance, gap height (3-D model) Lp = width of pressure side channel (3-D model) Ls - width of suction side channel (3-D model)


Expressions for the effective dynamic coupling coefficient of the flextensional transducer have been approximated. The approximate solutions are illustrated and compared with experimental data.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different soil management systems on the soybean yield components intercropped or not with Brachiaria decumbens , in the coastal plateau of the Alagoas State, Brazil. For that, the 9350 Monsoy soybean was cultivated under conventional tillage, minimum tillage, and no-tillage. The experiment was carried out by using a split-plot randomized blocks design (with and without B. decumbens ) and four replications. The variables analyzed were: 1) soybean: determination of phenological stages, chemical composition of plants, stand of plants, stem diameter, plant height, first pod insertion height, number of grains per pod, number of pods, number of grains per plant, mass of 1,000 grains, and yield; and 2) B. decumbens : chemical composition of plants and accumulation of dry matter, in five different sampling times. The soil management systems influenced the stand of plants and the concentration of P, Cu, Fe, and Zn, in soybean, besides S, in B. decumbens . The no-tillage system showed higher grain and biomass yield for B. decumbens , under the edaphoclimatic conditions of Rio Largo, Alagoas State, Brazil. KEY-WORDS: No-tillage; crop-livestock integrated system; minimum tillage.


Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Australian feedlot cattle. Diagnosis for BRD is based on visual scoring of illness and the use of rectal temperature above a defined level to trigger treatment protocols. These methods often have a low accuracy at diagnosing BRD. Blood metabolomics monitors alterations in small metabolites in the body and can be used to indicate the presence of disease. The aim of the current study was to search for biomarkers for BRD and develop alternate diagnosis methods for BRD using the blood metabolome profile of feedlot steers. Visually BRD affected (n = 148) and visually healthy (n = 152) steers were removed from their group pens for clinical assessment and blood sampling for metabolomics analysis. Lung lesions indicative of BRD were scored for all trial animals upon slaughter. A non-targeted metabolomics approach based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry was used to search for blood biomarkers using classification and regression trees. The data were split into training and validation datasets for model development. Visual diagnosis (VD), visual + clinical diagnosis (VCD; visually sick and elevated rectal temperature or lung auscultation score), and lung lesion diagnosis (LLD; lung consolidation ≥ 10% or pleurisy score ≥ 2) were used as reference diagnosis methods for BRD. Metabolomics demonstrated a high accuracy at detecting BRD in the validation dataset when using the VD (Acc=0.85, Se=0.82, SP = 0.87) and VCD (Acc=0.81, Se=0.88, SP = 0.74), but was less accurate at detecting animals defined as sick using the LLD (Acc=0.74, Se=0.38, SP = 0.89) (Table 1). The models selected nine metabolites important in differentiating sick and healthy animals. The results suggest the blood metabolome is a useful indicator of BRD status and could therefore be used for confirmation of BRD in feedlot cattle.


Achieving sufficient plasmid delivery is a key unresolved problem in postischemic myocardium for the latest clinical trials whose main objective is to rapidly upregulate potent regenerative mechanisms within a tight therapeutic window (i.e., within 48 hr). The well-documented impediments for efficient plasmid trafficking and subsequent transduction include anatomical-scale, cardiac disease-related comorbidities, and localized immune responses following the acute myocardial infarction event. An appreciation of delivery challenges originated from the first-in-human cardiac surgery gene therapy trial,1 which featured direct intramuscular (IM) injection of adenovirus encoding the vascular endothelial growth factor. Long-term follow-up of this phase I trial yielded no clear evidence of efficacy, likely because of a limited, transient expression profile—but it provided an impetus for improvements in vector, target, and clinical delivery strategies. Since then, numerous regenerative trials such as the stromal cell-derived growth factor 1 have generated significant interest. These strategies seek to repair myocardium through the chemoattraction of endogenous stem cell lineages shortly after myocardial infarction.2 In contrast to viral vector-mediated transgenes, these approaches offer rapid onset gene overexpression through high-dose, yet low-risk vector plasmids. The IM route is attractive for this emerging therapeutic class because of its clinical feasibility through both surgical (Fig. 1A) and catheter-based delivery techniques, but is limited by transfer inefficiency. Despite technical modifications of needle-based delivery in myocardium, these problems persist: poor retention, inconsistent performance per site, and the highly focal resultant delivery profiles. This results in the demand for more injections, thus increasing the risk for additional injury in already-compromised myocardium.3 In addition, recent trial results suggest that the predominant intracoronary infusion route may be even less efficient in patients with significant coronary disease, thus renewing interest in IM delivery. Therefore, a shift toward improvement in the delivery profile featuring clinically applicable drug combination approaches has been explored as a means to increase efficiency per injection site.4


We report the preparation of ZnO quantum dot hybrid luminescent resists for nanoimprint lithography. Photoluminescence spectra indicate that ZnO QDs@AMONIL have a significant increase in the luminescent intensity, an obvious blue-shift of emission peak and the Stoke's shift, revealing that ZnO QDs@AMONIL have dramatic luminescent property change instead of inhibiting or only preserving the optical properties of pure ZnO QDs. The fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal structure on the ZnO QDs@AMONIL by UV-based nanoimprint lithography is demonstrated at last, which confirms the luminescent ZnO QDs@AMONIL reliable processing capabilities in wavelength-scale and envisions its promising applications in the optoelectronic micro-/nanodevices.


Wear pattern on the working surfaces of concrete mixer blades can be explained mainly by change of mix pressure on different points of working edge. The rotating blade angled to the rotation plane moves the mix both to direction of moving and along the concrete mixer axe. When high abrasive mixes of different fraction composition are prepared, wear of the working surfaces on thickness results in deflection, deformation and destruction of the blade.


The minimum energy, Qmin, necessary to convert an ion m1+ to a doubly charged ion m12+ is obtained for 19 different ions from methane, ammonia, water and hydrogen sulphide by charge stripping using nitrogen collision gas. The ions studied include the [MH]+ ions formed by chemical ionization in a high pressure source. Stable m12+ ions could not be formed in the case of [NH4]+, [NH]+˙, [H2O]+˙ and [OH]+. Even in these cases the value of Qmin could be estimated by studying the fragments formed from the unstable m2+ ions. In several cases, the energy required to form m12+ ions is less than the literature value for the ionization energy of m1+. This is discussed in terms of the possibility of the presence of excited states of m1+ in the present experiments.


The digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) is a rapidly developing new photomechanics technique used to measure the surface deformation. With its advantages of non-contact, real time, whole field and direct measurement, it can be used from macro-scale area to nano-scale area. This paper describes the use of this method in the experiment of the fracture of copper thin film. The displacement field and strain field in a crack tip region of a thin film are measured. Based on the displacement field and strain field of the crack tip region, the figure of plastic zone is determined. The experimental results indicate that DSCM is a useful method for studying the fracture behavior of thin film.


While much is known about the faithfulness of the Burau representation, the problem remains open for the Gassner representation for every B n with n ≥ 4. We first find the definition of the Colored-Burau representation in [3] and we show that this is equivalent, when restricted to the pure braid subgroup, to the Gassner representation. The methods of Abdulrahim [2] and Knudson [9] require analysis within the lower central series of a free subgroup of the pure braid group. However, Lipschutz's work [10] gives a method for analyzing the Gassner representation and the Colored-Burau structure reduces this analysis to basic linear algebra.


The utility model relates to an electric heating vapor soup and congee boiler which is characterized in that an electric heating vapor generator is arranged at the lower part of a boiler body, the electric heating vapor generator consists of an annular heating tube, a water inlet valve, a drain valve, a water level gage, a vapor valve, a check valve and a safety valve; the boiler body is internally provided with an annular vapor pipe that is connected with the vapor generator; after being electrified, the annular heating tube quickly heats water up to be boiling and a great deal of vapor is generated; the generated vapor is transmitted to the bottom of the soup and congee boiler through a stainless steel flexible hose and directly heats up and boils the material in the boiler, thereby having the advantages of rapid heating speed and short boiling time, greatly energy conservation and no food scorch, etc.


Response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal setting and cooking time and temperature conditions for Pacific whiting surimi resulting in maximized gel strength, fold score, and water holding capacity. Cooking temperature was the variable that had the strongest influence on the gel quality characteristics. Level set programming, a global optimization method, gave essentially the same results as a gradient based optimization method. The results obtained by these two methods were better than those generated by the Simplex technique. Multi-objective optimization was also used to simultaneously optimize the response variables.


Extragenital diseases make a great effect on the complicated course of pregnancy and childbirth. The lack of pregravidar preparation and somatic diagnostics lead to miscarriage, preeclampsia, and placental disorders. Therefore, the development of various algorithms for the management of pregnant women suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the safe correction of various gastroduodenal symptoms, which is sometimes characteristic of the gestation period, are relevant. The purpose of the study: evaluation and critical analysis of modern data in the field of diagnosis and safe correction of various gastroduodenal symptoms during pregnancy. Materials and methods. Collection of modern Russian and foreign literature sources on the correction of gastroduodenal pathology during pregnancy, generalization and critical analysis of this problem. Results. Heartburn, constipation, flatulence are the most common complaints during pregnancy. The causes of their occurrence are physiological features during gestation, aimed at the most favorable gestation of the fetus. The first-line preparations are alginates created on the basis of alginic acid of brown alga. Antacids have a number of disadvantages. Proton pump inhibitors are prescribed extremely rarely and cautiously during pregnancy. In case of constipation in pregnant women, it is recommended to prescribe lactulose preparations together with defoamers. Prebiotics perfectly regulate the work of the intestine. The etiology, mechanisms of occurrence, clinical symptoms, differential diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnant women were analyzed. Its possible prognoses and risks for the mother and fetus, the possibilities of diagnosis and correction are determined. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in pregnant women cause difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. For the most optimal course of pregnancy, there are sufficiently effective gastroenterological drugs recommended so that the effect of treatment is maximized and the side effect is minimized.


According to 2011 census data, there are 253 million adolescents in the age group 10-19 years, which comprise little more than one-fifth of India's total population. This age group comprises of individuals in a transient phase of life requiring nutrition, education, counselling and guidance to ensure their development into healthy adults. Considering demographic potential of this group for high economic growth, it's critical to invest in their education, health, and development. Health and health care development has not been a priority of the Indian state. This is reflected in two significant facts. Firstly, the low level of investment and allocation of resources to the health sector over the years (about one percent of GDP) with clear declining trends over the last decade. And secondly, the uncontrolled very rapid development of an unregulated private health sector, especially in the last two decades. Structured health policy making and health planning in India is not a post-independence phenomena. In fact, the most comprehensive health policy and plan document ever prepared in India was on the eve of Independence in 1946. Universal coverage of the population through some health plan is historically well entrenched today, whether this be through health insurance or state run health services. There is no developed country, whether capitalist or socialist, which has not insured through either of the above means or a combination a minimum standard of health care for its population. India's recent decision to


ABSTRACT Logical Effort is a simple hand-calculated method that measures quick delay estimation. It has the advantage of reducing the design cycle time. However, it has shortcomings in designing a path for minimum area or power under a fixed-delay constraint. In this paper, we propose an equal delay model and, based on this, a method of optimizing power-delay efficiency in a logical path. We simulate three designs of an eight-input AND gate using our technique. Our results show about 40% greater efficiency in power dissipation than those of Logical Effort method.Keywords:Logical Effort, Equal Delay Model, Transistor Sizing, Power Dissipation, Gate Sizing 1. Introduction 1) Design constraints of performance and power dis-sipation determine the appropriate topology for the target digital circuits and transistor size of the critical paths in the circuits. The formula of driving large capacitive loads connected to the inverter chain is derived using the equation of N·f·Γ=ln(y)·[f·ln(y)]·Γ where N is the number of stages, f is the a factor of the size of the second in-verter over that of the first inverter, Γ is the inherent in-


A method for representing gait feature based on frequency domain analysis is proposed. For a gait represented by a sequence of binarized silhouettes, its frequency domain feature is extracted following period detection, contour extraction and unwrapping, distance normalization, 2D Fourier transform, feature frequencies computation and some other procedures. Nearest neighbor classifier is used to test its usefulness for gait recognition purpose, and experiment result, compared with previously conducted research, shows that the proposed gait feature representation is soundly effective. Keywords-gait recogniton; biometrics recognition; nearset neighbor classifier


This paper reports for the first time on an unrivalled simple, disposable non-contact dispenser for the nanoliter range. In contrast to other known dispensers manufactured by silicon micromachining [1-4] the new device simply consists of an elastic polymer tube with circular cross section. Actuation is done by a piezostack driven piston, squeezing the tube at a defined position nearby the open end by a significant fraction of the cross section. In contrast to drop-on-demand devices based on an acoustic actuation principle [5] this leads to a significant mechanical displacement of the liquid. In our experiments we successfully tested ten media in the viscosity range from 1 mPas to 27 mPas and even up to approximately 200 mPas with a new actuation setup. Frequency characteristics showed an independent dosage volume for water up to a frequency of 15 Hz. Standard deviation within 1,000 shots resulted in an excellent CV of less than 2% of the dosage volume. With a print frequency of 340 Hz a flow rate up to 143 µl/s has been reached. Beyond the possibility to dispense highly viscous fluids also emulsion paints with particles of approximately 40 µm diameter have been printed successfully.


This study was conducted to identify the effect of stocking density and litter materials on litter quality of Native chicken. Three hundred and twenty-four unsexed native chickens were used for 12 weeks duration of this research. The day-old chickens were randomly assigned in three stocking density groups: 8,12 and 16 chickens/m2. Each stocking density group was further divided in three litter groups: rice hull, wood shaving and corncob. Chickens in each group were randomized in to three replicates at hatch were housed in a deep litter pen (1x1 m). The data of litter temperature, pH, water holding capacity, water and ammonia content were analyzed by analysis of variance, then followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The result showed that the stocking density had significant effect on the litter temperature, litter pH, water content and ammonia. The litter materials had significant effect on litter pH, water holding capacity, water and ammonia content. It is concluded that greater stocking density of more than 8 chicken per square meter and rice hull type of litter material was degraded the litter quality. Litter materials of wood shavings and corncobs can be used as a substitute for rice hull.


The authors present a novel solid-on-solid model loosely mimicking the structural properties of reconstructing FCC(110) solid-vapour interfaces. The model allows for the study of the interplay between the reconstruction and roughening phase transitions. A numerical finite-size transfer-matrix study of the model yields a phase diagram where roughening takes place above reconstruction, confirming the picture advocated by a related study of Villain and Vilfan (1988) for Au(110). The nature of both phase transitions is also investigated.


Background: In the TRITON-TIMI 38 trial prasugrel reduced the combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction in patients with STEMI without an increase in bleeding complications. Therefore we evaluated the impact of therapy with prasugrel on outcome in patients with primary PCI for STEMI in real life in a large number of patients in the so-called prasugrel core population. Methods: We used the data of the ongoing prospective German ALKK-PCI registry and included patients with PCI for STEMI Results: Between 2009 and 2012 a total of consecutive 6227 patients with PCI for STEMI Of these 1921 (30.8 %) were treated with prasugrel. Baseline characteristics, procedural features and in-hospital outcomes are given in the table. In a multivariate analysis prasugrel was associated with a reduced mortality (odds ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.44-0.99). Conclusion: In clinical practice prasugrel compared to clopidogrel in the so-called core population is associated with a lower use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors and a lower mortality in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. These findings support the findings of the TRITON-TIMI 38 trial.


A statistical model is introduced which allows estimation of the length distribution of meshes in a unimodal polymer network. The length distribution is responsible for the type and number of entanglements in a network and can thus provide information about the deformation behavior of polymers. The model can also predict the influence of certain simulation parameters such as the degree of cross linkage, the chain length, or the density of the melt from which the network is built. Both a reaction- and a diffusion-controlled cross-linking process can be mapped. We found that a shorter chain length implies a smaller number of chains per mesh. An increase of the degree of cross linkage as well as a lowering of the density of the melt also leads to a smaller average length of the meshes.


Abstract: CBT (computer-based training) applications and hypermedia publications are two different approaches to the utilisation of computers in medical education. Medical CBT software continues to playa minor role in spite of the increasing availability, whereas hypermedia have become very popular through the World Wide Web (WWW). Based on the HTML format they can be designed by non-programmers using inexpensive tools while the production of CBT applications requires programming expertise. HTML documents can be easily developed to be distributed by a web-server or to run as local applications. In developed countries CBT and hypermedia have to compete with an abundance of printed or audio-visual media and a wealth of lectures, conferences, etc., whereas in developing countries these media are scarce and expensive. Here CBT programs, and hypermedia publications in particular, may be a cost-effective way to improve quality of education in the health sector.