TEXT Background: The successful completion of the Microbicides Development Programme (MDP) Phase III trial will partly depend on a high level of acceptability of Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT). This study examined the level of acceptability of VCT and factors associated with this acceptability among persons living in a high HIV prevalence sugar estate in Zambia. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted in which systematic random samples were drawn from the general population for each sex. Totals of 170 males and 230 females were interviewed. The Chi-square test was used to compare proportions. The step forward logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent factors associated with acceptability of VCT. A p value of less than 5% was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall perceived acceptability of VCT was 67.8%, with no significant difference (p=0.472) between males (70.0%) and females (66.1%). Respondents who felt comfortable with a support group knowing their HIV status were 69% (OR=1.69, 95%CI 1.22, 2.35) more likely to accept VCT than persons who did not feel comfortable with a support group knowing their HIV status. Meanwhile, persons who reported that there were risks for knowing one's HIV status were 51% (OR=0.49, 95%CI 0.38, 0.64) less likely to accept VCT than respondents who reported that there no risks for knowing one's HIV status. Furthermore, persons who reported that there were benefits for knowing one's HIV status were 2.66 (OR=2.66, 95%CI 1.80, 3.93) times more likely to accept VCT than respondents who reported the there were no benefits for knowing one's HIV status. Finally, respondents who would have discussed with their partners before going for HIV test were 46% (OR=1.46, 95%CI 1.05, 2.02) more likely to go for VCT and get results than persons who would not have discussed with their partners before going for HIV test. Conclusion: The level of VCT acceptability was moderately high. The Community Mobilisation unit of the MDP Zambia must increase its efforts to educate the people of the sugar estate about the benefits of VCT. Prof Seter Sizya Prinicipal Investigator: M D P Zambia, email@example.com, tel 92601256181, fax 92601256181, Univeristy Of Zambia, School Of Medicine, Department Of Community Medicine, LUSAKA, 50110, ZAMBIA


UNLABELLED
We report the creation of Drug Signatures Database (DSigDB), a new gene set resource that relates drugs/compounds and their target genes, for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). DSigDB currently holds 22 527 gene sets, consists of 17 389 unique compounds covering 19 531 genes. We also developed an online DSigDB resource that allows users to search, view and download drugs/compounds and gene sets. DSigDB gene sets provide seamless integration to GSEA software for linking gene expressions with drugs/compounds for drug repurposing and translational research.

AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION
DSigDB is freely available for non-commercial use at http://tanlab.ucdenver.edu/DSigDB.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

CONTACT
firstname.lastname@example.com.


more generally, need to come to terms with Arendt's deficiencies as a theorist from the point of view of feminist concerns, feminists need also to rethink the "women's standpoint" from which their criticisms of Arendt typically have issued. From the perspective of a more pluralistic feminism it becomes possible to reread Arendt; indeed it becomes possible to see Arendt's conceptions of agency, plurality, and representative thinking as resources for feminism. Most of the essays in this volume make a good case for such a rereading of Arendt. While they represent a variety of perspectives, the fourteen essays seem to fall into two categories. Some—like the pieces by Honig, Susan Bickford, Mary Dietz, Lisa Disch, Melissa Orlie, and Linda Zerilli—present critical reappropriations of Arendtian concepts. The general thrust of these essays is to argue that feminism must come to terms with the complex intersections of gender with race, class, sexuality, and political opinion, and that traditional feminist conceptions of female identity, "sisterhood," and political agency need to be refigured along these multiple lines. Arendt, because of her keen sensitivity to the plurality and contingency of human affairs, is viewed as a theoretical ally in this cause in spite of her own indifference to feminist concerns. Many of these essays are influenced by postmodern writing, and Honig's "agonistic" reading in particular reflects the influence of Michel Foucault and Jacques Derrida. But equally important is a common awareness of the political difficulties confronting essentialist feminists who claim to speak on behalf of "women" without attending to the actual plurality of women's experience.


The Professional Engineers' Registration Act of the State of Washington was revised during the 1947 legislative session. This was the first change made in the engineers' registration act since the law first was passed in 1935.


The lattice anomaly, i.e., the lattice distortion and the elasticity change, caused by the appearance of superconductivity (SC) is studied by use of the BCS theory. The BCS Hamiltonian with any attractive interaction between electrons is introduced for crystals with the symmetry ${D}_{4h}$, so that the $s$-wave, ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$-wave, and ${d}_{xy}$-wave SC's may appear. The microscopic parameters in the Hamiltonian are expanded in powers of distortions $u$ up to their first order, so as to make the Hamiltonian satisfy the crystal symmetry. The free energy of the system as a function of SC order parameters (SOP) and $u$'s is obtained to reveal the properties of the lattice anomaly. The temperature dependence of the equilibrium distortion and the elastic constants in the SC phases with the different SOP's is calculated. The calculated distortion is shown to give its temperature dependence consistent with the observation. The elastic constants obtained can exhibit not only softenings but also hardenings below the transition temperature ${T}_{c}$, depending on the microscopic parameters. This behavior of elastic constant is just that observed in some high-${T}_{c}$ cuprates.


In this paper, an analytical method is developed to obtain the solution for the one dimensional transient thermal and mechanical stresses in a hollow cylinder made of functionally graded material (FGM) and piezoelectric layers. The FGM properties are assumed to depend on the variable r and they are expressed as power functions of r but the Poisson's ratio is assumed to be constant. Transient temperature distribution, as a function of radial direction and time with general thermal boundary conditions on the inside and outside surfaces, is analytically obtained for different layers, using the method of separation of variables and generalized Bessel function. A direct method is used to solve the Navier equations, using the Euler equation and complex Fourier series. This method of solution does not have the limitations of the potential function or numerical methods as to handle more general types of the mechanical and thermal boundary conditions.


To increase shoot and timber yield of Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens stand,experiment of fertilizer application with different quantity was carried out in bamboo stands for both shoot snd timber uses with different site index.The result showed that shoot and timber yield increased,but overapplication would decrease the yield.Current annual application made significant difference of spring shoot yield,especially in the third year with the highest increment.In stands of different site index,the target input-output ratio of 7 500kg/hm 2 in corrie was 1∶17.17 the highest,with high economic benefit.


2011 was the year that projected capacitive became the dominant touch technology in terms of revenue, and this was evidenced by its overwhelming dominance on the show floor.


the objective of the presented work is to implement the Kalman Filter in an application in an environment for the position in a mobile robot's movement. The estimated position of a robot was determined, applying the Kalman Extended Filter, using the data of the sensors by means of a system of global positioning (GPS), using a simulation in Matlab and animation program made in Delphi, with examples of time of 1hz and for 628 seconds, in which the robot can have communication in the circulate complete of movement. The analysis of the simulation is given with parameters of speed translational, rotational and noise of the process, and the error of the positioning sensor has as maximum 19.7 inch. Based on the results of the study, from the figures can be seen that despite of the errors in measurements, the filter can perform quite well in estimate, the robot's true position.


To study effects of solvent-partitioned fractions of methanol extracts from Potamogeton crispus on the growth of the three species of microalgae (Karenia mikimitoi, Skeletonema costatum and Alexandrium tamarense), the extracts were extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and distilled water by liquid-liquid fractionaction, respectively. And yields of solvent-partitioned fractions were 38.5% petroleum ether extracts, 21.9% ethyl acetate extracts, 9.37% n-butanol extracts and 26.6% distilled water extracts, respectively. Based on the observation of algal morphology and the measurement of algal number, and the contents of physiological indicators (protein, polysaccharide and chlorophyll), the results showed the petro- leum ether extracts and ethyl acetate extracts from methanol extracts of Potamogeton crispus had the stron- gest action. The inhibitory effect of the tested microalgae by these two extracts was above 66% in day 12 at the concentration of 16 mg/L. And the petroleum ether extracts and ethyl acetate extracts caused cavities, pieces and chlorophyll decreased in cells. The further investigation found that these two extracts significantly decreased the contents of protein, polysaccharide and chlorophyll in the cells of those microalgae. But n- butanol extracts and distilled water extracts had not significant affect the growth of the all test microalgae.


This study set out to validate the intention and content of the numeracy tests used in the Australian Studies in School Performance against concepts of numeracy held by significant but diverse community groups. Individuals randomly selected from each group were asked to rate the importance for everyday life of the tasks tested and items used in the tests. In general differences between the groups were very small and not statistically significant. This and other evidence suggests that, at least in relation to a basic level of numeracy, the often-postulated conflict over differences in goals or objectives held by educational and other community groups does not exist. However, the regular obtaining of systematic and more widely representative information on community expectations of schooling is recommended.


A clinical decision report using:
Kertesz SG, Posner MA, O'Connell JJ, et al. Post-Hospital Medical Respite Care and Hospital Readmission of Homeless Persons. J Prev Interv Community. 2009;37(2):129-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/10852350902735734
for a patient experiencing homelessness.


This paper presents a robust position/attitude tracking control method for a fully-actuated hexarotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on Gaussian processes. Multirotor UAVs suffer from modelling errors due to their structure complexity and aerodynamical disturbances whose perfect mathematical formulation is intractable. To handle this issue, this paper incorporates a data-based learning technique with model-based control. The hexarotor UAV dynamical model, considering modelling errors and aerodynamic disturbances as unknown dynamics, is first derived. Gaussian process regression is next introduced as a learning method for the unknown dynamics, which provides probabilistic distributions of the predicted values. The predicted means are regarded as deterministic information and cancelled out by feedforward control inputs. The predicted variances are considered as the bounds of the model uncertainties with high probability, and a robust control method to ensure ultimate boundedness of the tracking control error is proposed for the uncertain system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated via experiments with a self-developed hexarotor UAV testbed.


Light transmission through sea ice is a critical process for energy partitioning at the polar atmosphere ‐ ice ‐ ocean boundary. Transmission of sunlight strongly impacts sea ice melting by absorption, as well as heat deposition, and primary productivity in the upper ocean. While earlier observations relied on a limited number of point observations, the recent years have seen an increase in spatially distributed light measurements underneath sea ice using remotely operated vehicles covering a wide range of ice conditions. These measurements allow us to reconstruct the seasonal evolution of the spatial variability in light transmission. Here we present measurements of sea ice light transmittance distributions from 6 years of Arctic under ‐ ice remotely operated vehicle operations. The data set covers the entire melt period of Central Arctic sea ice. Data are combined into a pseudo time series describing the seasonal evolution of the spatial variability of sea ice optical properties from spring to autumn freezeup. In spring, snowmelt increases light transmission continuously, until a secondary mode originating from translucent melt ponds appears in the histograms of light transmittance. This secondary mode persists long into autumn, before snowfall reduces overall light levels again. Comparison to several autonomous time series measurements from single locations con fi rms the detected general patterns of the seasonal evolution of light transmittance variability. This also includes characteristic spectral features caused by biological processes at the ice underside. The results allow for the evaluation of three different light transmittance parameterizations, implying that light transmission in current ice ‐ ocean models may not be accurately represented on large scales throughout all seasons while ice thickness alone is a poor predictor of light transmittance.


Series Editor's Introduction - John H Stanfield II Introduction - Benjamin P Bowser The Global Community, Racism, and Anti-Racism PART ONE: WHAT IS INNATE ABOUT IT? Europe's Oldest Chapter in the History of Black-White Relations - Frank M Snowden Jr 'If Toads Could Speak' - Peter H Wood How the Myth of Race Took Hold and Flourished in the Minds of Europe's Renaissance Colonizers Spanish Ideology and the Practice of Inequality in the New World - Laura A Lewis Anti-Racism in the United States - Herbert Aptheker 1865-1900 PART TWO: RACISM AND ANTI-RACISM: ESSENTIAL ISSUES Mass Communication, Popular Culture, and Racism - Polly E McLean White Radicals, White Liberals, and White People - Bob Blauner Rebuilding the Anti-Racist Coalition Changing the Subject - Karen Dugger Race and Gender in Feminist Discourse PART THREE: AREA STUDIES OF RACISM AND ANTI-RACISM Racism and Anti-Racism in Great Britain - John Solomos Historial Trends and Contemporary Issues Racism and Anti-Racism in Western Europe - Louis Kushnick Introduction to the Analysis of Racism and Anti-Racism in Brazil - Rosana Heringer Racism and Anti-Racism in Brazil - Antonio Sergio Alfredo Guimaraes A Postmodern Perspective Black Resistance in Brazil - Ros[ci]angela Maria Vieira A Matter of Necessity Racism and Anti-Racism in the Caribbean - Ralph R Premdas The Long Shadow of Apartheid Ideology - Mokubung Nkomo, Zanele Mkwanazi-Twala, and Nazir Carrim The Case of Open Schools in South Africa Racism in the Modern World Community - Benjamin P Bowser


The title of this research is "The effect of using the ionic bond textbook with multiple-representation approach on students achievement". The aims of this research is to know the effect of using the ionic bond textbook with multiple-representation approach on students achievement at XIst IPA in Pontianak. The forms of this research is a pre-experimental design with design One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The sample were 36 students of XIst IPA in SMAN 3 Pontianak, SMAN 4 Pontianak, and SMAN 9 Pontianak. Student achievement data were analyzed using nonparametric statistic Wilcoxon-Test. The analysis result showed the effect of using the textbook about ionic bonds with multiple representation approach on student achievement both students of SMAN 3 Pontianak, SMAN 4 Pontianak, and SMAN 9 Pontianak with significance score respectively 0.002, 0.002, and 0.009 level of significance set at ? = 0.05.


In the present paper, we address the stabilization problem of two-dimensional bilinear systems, using a nite number of constant feedback control laws, along with appropriate switchings. We show that a two-dimensional bilinear system is stabilizable either by one constant feedback control law, or by two such laws or that it is not stabilizable by a nite number of such laws.


This forum builds on the discussion stimulated during an online salon in which the authors participated on June 25, 2020, entitled "Archaeology in the Time of Black Lives Matter," and which was cosponsored by the Society of Black Archaeologists (SBA), the North American Theoretical Archaeology Group (TAG), and the Columbia Center for Archaeology. The online salon reflected on the social unrest that gripped the United States in the spring of 2020, gauged the history and conditions leading up to it, and considered its rippling throughout the disciplines of archaeology and heritage preservation. Within the forum, the authors go beyond reporting the generative conversation that took place in June by presenting a road map for an antiracist archaeology in which antiblackness is dismantled.


A new kind of power system marginal loss (or loss sensitivity) for nodal MW/Mvar is developed. First the electricity transmission loss is expressed in terms of source currents. It is thus an analytical function. Then the marginal loss with respect to source current is derived based on calculus and vector algebra. Using each source/load power represents its nodal injection current, the marginal loss with respect to source current is then transformed into the marginal loss with respect to source/load power. The new kind of marginal loss is based on load flow solution. It is exact in algorithm and independent of reference bus, thus called independent marginal loss (IML). The IML exactly leads to double collection of actual system loss. It makes loss components of locational marginal price small in spatial fluctuation compared to the existing marginal losses. Numerical examples including the IEEE 118-bus and PJM [Note 1] 5-bus systems are presented to demonstrate the calculation and effectiveness of the IML.


We report electron-donor and steric properties of a diverse group of representative N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands quantified with the help of DFT calculations. This study afforded the conventional TEP data (Tolman electronic parameter = νCO (A1) of Ni(CO)3(NHC)), which allowed ranking 76 NHC ligands in order of increasing donor power. The TEP data reveal several general trends concerning the influence of NHC ring size, substitution, and annulation. The calculations also provided reaction enthalpies for CO elimination from the Ni(CO)3(NHC) complexes and formation of the 16-electron Ni(CO)2(NHC) species. This reaction is largely under steric control, which allowed defining a new steric descriptor for NHC ligands, r ("repulsiveness") = 10 × (7.568 − 0.003172TEP − 0.0446ΔH), ranging from 0.0 for the smallest (ImNH2) to 8.0 for the most repulsive carbene (ImNAd2) of this work. Ni(CO)3L and Os(H2)Cl2(CO)L2 complexes eliminate CO and H2, respectively, more readily with L = NHC vs PR3 ligands. Apparently, ...


Objective To observe the expression of stem cell factors(SCF) in the testis of rats caused by coal burning.Methods 20 male SD rats were randomly assorted into 4 groups: control group,low fluororsis group,middle group and high fluorosis group.Low,middle,high fluororsis groups were fed with corn dried by burning coal coming from endemic fluorosis areas with high fluoride,to establish the animal model of fluorosis.After 90 days,the change of sertoli was obserced by transmission electron microscope(TEM).The expression levels of SCF mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR.Results In sertoli cells of rats exposed to fluorosis,TEM photos showed more lysosomes in cytoplasm,proliferated and expanded endoplasmic reticulum and nuclei malformation.The expression of SCF mRNA 0.71±0.05,0.68±0.01,0.49±0.02 in low,middle and high fluorosis group were lower than that in the control group 0.73±0.03(P0.05,0.01,0.01).Conclusions Excessive fluoride can lead to the low expression of total SCF mRNA.It suggest that the sertoli cell and SCF mRNA possibly play an important role in fluorides-induced rat aspermatogenesis.


This research presents an application of a mixed narrative review, including grey literature, to broaden knowledge about the value of educational management information systems (EMIS) for accountability in higher education institutions (HEIs). The review was focused in understanding the relationships among quality management (QM), EMIS use and accountability. Analyzing 39 documents produced between 1990 and 2018, we confirm the tight QM–EMIS use–accountability relationship. A weak link between QM and EMIS use was found, resulting in a low accountability level, nevertheless e-maturity successfully describes the link between QM and EMIS use and legitimizes the HEIs in the society. Finally, the value of mixed narrative reviews, including gray literature, is demonstrated in the fields of management information systems and higher education.


Denmark has not traditionally been categorized as an empire for three major reasons. First, 'empire' was not a self-referencing term historically. Second, Copenhagen lost its overseas colonies in Asia and Africa before the second wave of European imperial expansion in the 19th century. Third, 'empire' has been a politically loaded term ever since the end of that century. In this article the Danish case is seen through the lens of conceptual history and politics, with the conclusion that, analytically, Denmark was an empire on a par with other European empires not just around 1814, but from the very beginnings up until the present.


Radford considers the options of what form and content Scripta Minoa III should take as it is published. He informs Brice of the expenses concerning the latest proofing revisions to it.


The basic methodical approaches to clinical neurology teaching at the faculty of Pediatrics at the Grodno Medical University aimed at the improvement ofthe educational process, its optimization and intensification to improve the quality of medical graduates training in neurology are consideren in the present article.


Reagents: Protease inhibitors cocktail was from Calbiochem (Biosciences, Inc. La Jolla, CA). Protein assay and electrophoresis reagents were from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Rishon Le Zion, Israel). β-glycerolphosphate, and dNTP mix were from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). The ELISA kit specific for rat MCP-1 was from Pierce (Pierce Biotechnology, Inc; Rockford, IL, USA), the rat TNF-α and IL-4 ELISA kits were from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, USA), the rat LTC4/LTB4 EIA kits and Protein-G Sepharose 4 Fast Flow beads were from Amersham Pharmacia Biotech (Buckinghamshire, UK), Fluo3 and pluronic acid were from Molecular Probes Inc. (Eugene, OR, USA), QuantiTect SYBR Green real time PCR kit and RNeasy mini kit were from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany); Taq "zol" polymerase was from Talron (Rehovot, Israel) and Reverse-iT 1st Strand Synthesis kit from ABgene (Surrey, UK). BSA, fraction V (Sigma, St Louis, MO), was derivatized with 11 molecules of DNP PKC specific inhibitors: Go6976, Go6983 were a generous gift of Prof. Y. Zick (Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel). The following luciferase reporter plasmids were kindly provided by Drs. A. Rao (Harvard Medical School, MA) – NFAT-Luc; S. Watanabe (Teikyo University, Japan) c-Fos-Luc; N.H. Colburn (National Cancer Institute – Frederick, MD) AP-1-Luc. The Cytokine Array was from RayBiotech, Inc. (Norcross, GA).


Often, syntax-directed editors rely solely on menu selection for program construction. We describe here the generation of hybrid editors that give a programmer the option of either (1) using menu selection and tree navigation as in a syntax-directed editor, or (2) entering text for parsing and navigating through the text as in a conventional editor at any stage during the expansion of a program. A prototype system, HEG (Hybrid Editor Generator), has been built to automatically generate such a hybrid editor from a high-level specification of a grammar for an application language. Each such generated hybrid editor is called an AGE (Automatically Generated Editor). We describe the HEG meta-language and briefly summarize the editing process in AGEs. We also describe possible extensions to the meta-language to describe program semantics, and the generation of the procedures to check those semantics during program construction.


This randomized control study aimed to assess 12 weeks of a novel neuromuscular training program (KneeRugbyWomen) on jump-related biomechanical variables in amateur female rugby players. Twenty-four participants were randomly allocated to either an experimental group (EG; n = 12, age: 20.05 ± 4.43 yrs., height: 166.54 ± 4.46 cm, weight: 64.65 ± 6.44 kg) or a control group (CG; n = 12, age: 20.04 ± 4.88 yrs., height: 166.83 ± 7.30 cm, weight: 69.83 ± 12.84 kg). Participants were tested before and after a 12-week intervention for jump-related biomechanical variables (leg stiffness, Reactive Strength Index (RSI), and landing mechanics using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS)). A significant increase in RSI was found in EG (p = 0.012, r = 0.70, large effect). At post-testing, players in EG had significantly greater RSI scores compared to CG at post-intervention (p = 0.007, r = 0.55, large effect). LESS scores of CG were significantly greater compared to EG at pre-intervention (p = 0.008, r = 0.55, large effect) and post-intervention (p = 0.003, r = 0.60, large effect). Results of this study demonstrate a positive effect of the KneeRugbyWomen training program on RSI, which has been previously associated with increased ACL injury risk in female players.


We improve some stability estimates due to Cheng and Yamamoto for the problem of continuing a harmonic function along a line.


The whey wasted from casein production with fresh milk was used as raw materials.Crude lactose was extracted by removing whey protein and concentration crystallization through the single factor determination,such as pH,soaking time and crystallization of concentration.The optimum technical parameters of lactose crystallization were determined as pH 6.8,40 minutes of soaking time and 50Be of crystallization concentration by using L9(34)orthogonal test.Sensory of product meets the standards of primary product of QB/T 3778-1999 in indicators,lactose content,moisture content,ash and chloride content.


The present invention relates to shiny black interference pigments based on a substrate mixture, characterized in that it (A) a coating of Fe (B) a colorless coating consisting of one or more layers each having a refractive index n ≦ 1.8, (C) optionally a non-coverage occupancy by absorbing high-index material, and optional (D) an outer protective layer having, and their use in paints, varnishes, powder coatings, printing inks, plastics, ceramic materials, glasses, for laser marking of papers and plastics, in cosmetic formulations and for the preparation of pigment compositions and dry preparations.


In this article we introduce multiple stuttering-Poisson distributions and discuss their genesis, properties and applications. We consider a special case of triple stuttering-Poisson distribution with probability generating function G(t) = Exp [a(t − 1) + b(t 2 − 1) + c(t 3 − l)] and investigate (1) maximum likelihood estimation, (2) moment estimation, and (3) mixed moment estimation of the parameters a, b, c. First order terms in the expressions for the biases and covariances of moment estimators are presented. The joint asymptotic efficiencies of moment estimators are tabulated for a few selected parameter points. The first order terms in the biases of maximum likelihood estimators and moment estimators are also given for a few selected parameter points. As judged from the contribution of the first order term, the possible bias of maximum likelihood estimators can be substantial over a considerable region of the parameter space. The moment estimators have low joint asymptotic efficiency over a large par...


A common-mode radiation problem induced by cable-attached structure will be discussed and simulated. We will focus on how a cable-attached structure radiates, and how its victim, a Wi-Fi antenna, is affected. Mechanism of common-mode radiation will be showed, and verified by simulated results. Also, a solution using a common-mode filter (CMF) will be proposed, and it will largely suppressed the common-mode radiation from the cable-attached structure. To be more practical, PRBS signals with 212 bit stream are inserted into the system, and the signals received by the Wi-Fi antenna will show that the voltage spectrums in frequency domain are well-suppressed around 2.4 GHz. It proves the usefulness of the CMF.


As nursing is still in the process of establishing its own unique knowledge base many nurses are starting to undertake research projects. While such attempts should be encouraged it is reasonable to state that a proportion of this research is poor which has led to justifiable criticism from other professions.


In this paper, we present the analysis of Built-In-Self-Test (BIST) scheme for Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC). This work focuses on a filter bank based BIST for power spectral density measurement. Digital filter structure will be used to decompose the ADC output signal into its main spectral components. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate our idea and the results show that the scheme is a promising BIST approach for ADC.


Multi-attribute decision-making(MADM) strategy has been proposed to handle uncertain decision-making problems. The most extensively used models of grey system theory is grey relational analysis (GRA). This strategy was flourished by Chinese Professor J. Deng. This strategy also known as Deng's grey incidence analysis model. GRA uses a generic concept of intelligence. It describes any circumstance as no information as black and perfect information as white. Nevertheless, these idealized situations appear in real-world problems. In this chapter, the authors extend GRA strategy for multi-attribute decision making in trapezoidal neutrosophic number (TrNN) environment. To develop a GRA strategy in trapezoidal neutrosophic number (TrNN) environment, the authors use score function and accuracy function. Then Hamming distance for two trapezoidal neutrosophic number (TrNN) are also described. The authors solve a numerical problem to explain the pertinence of the proposed strategy. Lastly, they provide a comparison between VIKOR strategy with existing strategy.


Affective Gaming can be considered as the concept of detecting the real-time emotional state of a player during various stages in gameplay and then enhancing the user interactivity accordingly to the emotional state. Based on this conception, this paper presents the research phase of the development of an Affective Car Racing computer game. The designs were created based on the theory of"Affective Loop" in games. Affective Loop consists of Emotion Elicitation, Emotion Detection/Modelling and finally Emotion Expression by Game Engine. This paper considers the second and third subphases of this loop. Designs are done for these two phases based on technologies that are still not been utilized by many game developers when designing a game. Emotion Detection/Modelling phase is introduced with a technique of capturing Electroencephalography (EEG) signals for predicting the real-time emotion of the player while interacting with the game engine. Emotion Expression phase considers the concept of Music Emotion Recognition (MER), which is a novel concept for the Gaming Industry. The authors had trained SVM models for emotion modeling via EEG Signals that will be captured by the Emotiv Epoc 14 channel device. The authors had classified the Rock and Electronic genre of music via Multi-Label RAKEL classification (Precision score of 75%) to play music excerpts based on the effect of the gamer during gameplay.


In this paper we discuss two problems. One problem is: how to approximate the rolling ball blend by a series of bicubic patches? The other problem is: what to do if the rolling ball blend surface is self intersecting?© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.


In this paper, negative stiffness in static state is made stable by constraining it in positive matrix. The stability of the system is tested using energy function. The motion of the two mass model system is described with a system of two coupled nonlinear differential equations. The numerical results are validated by comparing the predictions with calculations from analytical method. For small oscillations about the static equilibrium position the numerical model agree with analytical model. The developed model can be served as an efficient means of eliciting negative stiffness.


only implies the lack of space to discuss James F. Burke on Peribanez, Davis Carlson on Thomas Usk, John Cartwright on the Antwerp Landjuweel, Laurence de Looze on Froissart's Prison amoureuse, Anne Lancashire on the London Drapers' Company, A.G. Rigg on the legend of Hugh Capet in England. The topics and the treatment of them are all well within the centre and its compass. In special ways the essays by Ian Lancashire, James Miller, David' Staines, and Robert A. Taylor show how the Leyerle legacy and inspiration are continuing to grow and develop. Lancashire brilliantly adapts the computer to a study of Chaucer's 'General Prologue,' showing how 'repetends' (simply, 'irregularly recurring phrases') may shed special light (beyond statistics) on Chaucer's creative memory. Miller takes up a current theme of contemporary literary criticism, viz. the male gaze, and working through medieval rhetorical theory and practice of the descriptio, applies the notion to Chaucer's Black Knight and Blanche. Staines reviews the idea of medieval narrators and narrative voices, keeping modern and postmodern ideas of narration in the discussion, and concludes that 'Chretien is the first writer to distance his narrator from the author and place this literary self throughout his compositions but not inside the actual fiction he presents.' Taylor uses solid philology in the service of linguistic pluralism in his description of a select body of lyrics that feature a hybrid of French and Occitan. By exemplifying what is and what will be the Leyerle legacy, the writers indeed honour the man and ad vance the subject he has so extraordinarily served. (PAUL E. SZARMACH)


In this review, Ornitz and Marie examine progress made on understanding the functions of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway during critical stages of skeletogenesis and explore the mechanisms by which mutations in FGF signaling molecules cause skeletal malformations in humans.


From the Publisher:
Not just a "how to" manual but also a "why so," HotWired Style explains the essential editorial, design, and interface elements that separate the savvy Web publisher from the Web wannabe.


The paper is examining the process and outcomes of contemporary policy and practice of supporting the employment of the elderly people in Germany. The first part of the article deals with the factors, under the pressure of which the government was forced to implement deep institutional and structural reforms in many areas of life, in order to balance economic and social situation and to meet the criteria of the Lisbon strategy of the European Union. In the second part the most important modern reforms (in late 1990s) in the pension system, the labor market, in the field of social and labor relations and work organization are considered in detail. These reforms led to a rapid increase in employment of persons aged 50-65 years, and made Germany a model to be emulated by other European countries. The German reforms are viewed in the context of the public and academic discourse on the role of elder people in the modern world and on the problem of old age and active aging, which is the basis for the development of new political projects for the elderly people as well as for creating a consensus in the period of radical reforms work first. In the third part there is a survey of the outcomes of the policies and practices aimed to support the employment of the elderly by 2015, and an analysis of the problems that emerged recently. A particular emphasis is placed on the increase in the number of unhealthy workers, on the growing problem of poverty in old age, on the stagnant mobility in the labor market, on the deregulation of the system of flexible retirement. In conclusion, along with a summary of the overall results of the study, the author discusses the prospects of using the experience of Germany in Russia, as well as the possible effects of rising the retirement age and increasing the duration of employment in our country.


Objective To investigate the efficacy of magnesium in combination with glucose-insulin-potassium(Mg-GIK)in the treatment of arrhythmia,heart failure and mortality in acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods Sixty-two patients randomly assigned to control and trial group,32 patients received no Mg-GIK(control)whereas 30 patients received Mg-GIK intravenously(trial).Regular insulin 10 u with 10% potassium chloride 10 mL,25% magnesium sulfate 10 mL,and 10% glucose 500 mL,administered intraveneously after patients hospitalized for 14 days continuously.Results The incidence of arrhythmia rate in trial and control groups were 16.67% and 46.88%(P0.05),respectively.The heart failure rate in trial and control group were 13.00% and 31.25%(P0.05),respectively.The mortality rate in hospital stay in trial and control group were 6.67% and 18.75%(P 0.05),respectively.The main cause of death was fatal arrhythmia and heart failure after AMI.Conclusion The results suggest that Mg-GIK therapy has beneficial effects on the treatment of AMI.Mg-GIK therapy can reduce incidence of arrhythmia rate,heart failure rate,and mortality rate in one month after AMI.


Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a common health problem in menopausal women. According to The Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III, MS includes the combination of three or more of the following risk factors: abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, high blood pressure, high serum triglycerides and low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Objectives To assess the prevalence of the MS in middle-aged women, and the relationships of sociodemographic factors to the MS. Methods This analysis covers 10 766 women born between December 2, 1935 and December 1, 1945, living in the Lund area of Sweden by December 1, 1995. Results We found that 11.6% of women with a mean (±standard deviation) age of 56.9 ± 3.06 years had MS. Women with MS were older and had higher scores for body weight, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, pulse rate, pulse pressure, serum triglycerides and total serum cholesterol (p < 0.001 for all) compared to the control group. More MS women were smokers, less often consumers of alcohol, and less qualified. In addition, they had low-intensity physical activity at leisure time (p < 0.001) and high-intensity physical activity at work (p = 0.009). Premenopausal women and those treated with hormones had less MS (p < 0.001). Education, physical activity at leisure time, moderate intensity of physical activity at work, alcohol intake and smoking had strong association with MS but work status, household status and dietary habits had no significant association with MS. Conclusions Sociodemographic features may contribute to MS. Hence, prevention of MS should encompass sociodemographic features.


Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from Sparta to Darfur, Ben Kiernan (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007), 740 pp., cloth $35.73, pbk. $26.00. Ben Kiernan is well known to genocide scholars for his extensive work on the genocide under the Khmer Rouge in 1970s Cambodia. Over more than three decades Kiernan has written voluminous, insightful, and at times controversial studies on the Cambodian genocide. In the present volume, the director of Yale University's Genocide Studies Program has produced a history of genocide and mass murder that is both encyclopedic and analytic. In some six hundred pages the reader encounters dozens of cases of genocide and mass killing on every inhabited continent and over the course of twenty-five hundred years, including contemporary cases such as atrocities in the Darfur region of Sudan and the activities of Al-Qaeda. Al Qaeda is not often listed as a genocidal organization, but Kiernan persuasively argues that Osama Bin-Laden's 1998 fatwa stating that it was the duty of Muslims to kill Americans wherever they might encounter them makes the organization genocidal in its aspirations: Kiernan's short but lucid analysis of the legal ramifications of the definition of the crime of genocide privileges intent. As does the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide, Kiernan argues that genocide can consist of the attempt to exterminate a people in part as well as entirely. The author pays much greater attention to genocides that often receive only marginal space in anthologies or general works. More than a third of the book is devoted to atrocities that resulted from settler colonialism in Australia, Ireland, North and South America, and Africa. Rwanda and Cambodia are covered in a single, comparatively short chapter. A major contribution of Blood and Soil is that it encourages the reader to think about genocide over a much greater historical and geographical span than is usual in comparative works. Kiernan's structure for comparison suggests that, from the fifteenth to the twenty-first century, genocides usually have exhibited four characteristics. The first is a perpetrator leadership's deep interest in antiquity, as the organizers of England's conquest of Ireland in the sixteenth-century all the way to Hitler in the twentieth century spoke approvingly of Rome's destruction of Carthage. Nor was


This paper gives a simple, accurate, first-order asymptotic analysis of the transient behavior of a data network. The network is based on a switch, such as the Datakit® virtual circuit switch, which receives packetized traffic from many message sources of diverse classes and multiplexes the traffic over a trunk line. The network has a regulatory mechanism based on acknowledgments that produces a closed model. Assuming that the switch has a processor-sharing discipline, and assuming an asymptotic regime of high loading of the switch and high-capacity trunks, we derive the explicit, first-order transient behavior of the means of queue lengths — and hence response times. We then give a simple procedure for finding the time constants (eigenvalues) that govern the approach to steady state. Our numerical experiments show that the analysis is quite accurate.


The invention discloses a multifunctional self-service hotel reservation system and an operating method thereof which are applied for hotels to provide quick services for users and are capable of saving labor cost for the hotels. The multifunctional self-service hotel reservation system comprises a reservation terminal, a cloud server, a plurality of hotel servers and a plurality of controlled terminals. The reservation terminal is used for sending hotel inquiry information, demand information, reservation information and control information; the cloud server is connected with the reservation terminal through the internet and receives the data information sent from the reservation terminal; and the hotel servers are connected with the cloud server and the controlled terminal through a data network, and send data information to or receive data information from the cloud server. By the multifunctional self-service hotel reservation system, the users can reserve in an online manner through portable internet devices such as smart mobile phones so as to complete self-service check-in, self-service check-out, optional hotel service selection and other related self-service items, and further, locks, lamps and electric appliances of reserved rooms can be controlled intelligently through the smart mobile phones of the users.


Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an unfavorable sub-type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) characterized by brief progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of only 3–4 y. Although high-dose therapy and an autotransplant may prolong OS, it does not result in a long-term disease free survival. Therefore, there is a great need for novel treatment strategies for this lymphoma entity. Method: We conducted a phase-2 study in subjects with newly-diagnosed MCL to assess efficacy and safety of a novel intensive regimen R-MACLO-IVAM-T, a modification of a protocol designed by Magrath et al (JCO;14;925, 1996). Eligible patients had a confirmed diagnosis of MCL using WHO criteria, age 18–75 y, ECOG PS ≤2, adequate organ function and no history of HIV or prior cancer. Lymphoma extent at presentation was assessed by standard staging procedures including colonoscopy. Prior to initiating thalidomide, subjects were enrolled into S.T.E.P.S.® program. Therapy consisted of R-MACLO (rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV on d 1, Adriamycin, 45 mg/m2 IV on d 1, cyclophosphamide, 800 mg/m2 IV on d 1 and 200 mg/m2/d on d 2–5, vincristine, 1.5 mg/m2 on d 1 and d 8 capped to 2mg, methotrexate, 1.2 g/m2 IV on d 10 IV over 1 h followed by 5.52 g/m2 over 23 h followed by leucovorin 36 h later. G-CSF was begun on d 13. When ANC was >1.5x10e9/L R-IVAM was begun including rituximab, 375 mg/m2 IV d 1, cytarabine, 2.0 g/m2 IV every 12 h on d 1 and 2, ifosfamide, 1.5 g/m2 d 1–5 with mesna and etoposide, 60 mg/m2 d 1–5. Therapy was repeated 14 d after hospital discharge. After recovery from cycle-2 subjects were re-staged and responses assessed by standard criteria. Subjects achieving CR at the end of therapy received thalidomide, 200 mg/d until lymphoma-recurrence or toxicity. Results: 18 subjects enrolled; 17 are evaluable. Median age was 59 y (range, 44–73y), all had ≥stage-3 MCL with bone marrow involvement in 15 and gastrointestinal involvement in 9. Distribution according to IPI: 0–1 factor, 2; 2 factors, 7; 3 factors, 6; and ≥4 factors, 3. 16 subjects had diffuse variant and 2, blastic variant. 14 subjects completed the 4 cycles of therapy; the therapy was stopped after 2 and 3 cycles, respectively, in the remaining two patients. 1 subject died of septicemia on d 8 of first cycle. All subjects completing ≥1 cycle achieved CR. No subject relapsed and 15 are alive with a median follow-up of 18 mo (range, 4–40 mo). One patient died at 38m from non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed 19m post MCL diagnosis. Common severe toxicities were grade-3–4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia in 48%, 21% and 24% of R-MACLO cycles and in 81%, 84% and 40% of R-IVAM cycles. There were 10 bacteremias in 65 cycles 9 of which were after R-IVAM therapy. 5 episodes of reversible grade-1–2 renal toxicity occurred after methotrexate. 5 subjects receiving thalidomide had dose-reductions because of neutropenia. Conclusions The R-MACLO-IVAM-T therapy results in a high overall response rate with 100% CR and no relapses at median follow-up of 18 months. The contribution of each element of the regimen to this outcome requires study. Further clinical trials are suggested.


The country would like to become a developed nation in less than twenty years. We, the academia are supposed to assist in achieving this goal. For that we need to accelerate our R and D activities. And this is can only be achieved with sufficient funding and human resources. Do we have these? It is the objective of this paper to explore and examine how Malaysia as a whole and UMS in particular can learn from the R and D activities that have been carried out elsewhere.


AMERCANS are puzzled these days to hear from all sides that their foreign policy is not always popular abroad. Some resent this. Others, more prudent, seek the cause. This political situation has its legal aspect, among which perhaps the most noteworthy is the adverse reaction abroad to the application of our antitrust laws to foreign corporations. On the one side, we have a series of actions by the Department of justice, commanding apparently universal acquiescence in principle on the part of the American bar and endorsed in principle by uniformly favorable decisions of American judges.' It has been assumed without question that the United States has jurisdiction over agreements governing trade and commerce in all countries of the world, whether in raw materials or finished products, whether in aluminum, petroleum, chemicals, or electrical products. Whether the agreement relates to trade in England, Egypt, or Ecuador, we have taken jurisdiction when some "effect" has been felt in the United States.


The X-ray source known as GRS1915+105 belongs to a group dubbed `microquasars'. These objects are binary systems which sporadically eject matter at speeds that appear superluminal, as is the case for some quasars. GRS1915+105 is also one of only two known binary sources thought to contain a maximally spinning black hole. Determining the basic parameters of GRS195+105, such as the masses of the components, will help us to understand jet formation in this system, as well as providing links to other objects which exhibit jets. Using X-ray data, indirect methods have previously been used to infer a variety of masses for the accreting compact object in the range 10±30 solar masses (M(). Here we report a direct measurement of the orbital period and mass function of GRS1915+105, which allow us to deduce a mass of 14 6 4 M( for the black hole. Black holes with masses .5±7 M( challenge the conventional picture of black-hole formation in binary systems. Based on the mass estimate, we interpret the distinct X-ray variability of GRS1915+105 as arising from instabilities in an accretion disk that is dominated by radiation pressure, and radiating near the Eddington limit (the point where radiation pressure supports matter against gravity). Also, the mass estimate constrains most models which relate observable X-ray properties to the spin of black holes in microquasars. GRS1915+105 is located in the Galactic plane at a distance of ,11±12 kpc (refs 10, 11) and suffers a large extinction of 25± 30 mag in the visual band. Spectroscopic observations in the nearinfrared H and K bands identi®ed absorption features from the atmosphere of the companion (mass-donating star) in the GRS1915+105 binary. The detection of CO and CO band heads plus a few metallic absorption lines suggested a K-M spectral type and luminosity class III (giant). The presence of these band-head features led us to carry out follow-up medium-resolution spectroscopy in the 2.29±2.41 mm wavelength range using the Very Large Telescope (VLT)-Antu equipped with Infrared Spectrometer and Array Camera ISAAC, between April and August 2000 (Fig. 1). Radial velocities were measured for the 16 individual spectra by cross-correlation of the major CO band heads, and a period analysis was carried out (Fig. 2). The periodogram shows a clear peak at a period of 33.5 days (top panel) which we interpret as the orbital period Porb of the binary system. The velocity amplitude is measured to be Kd ˆ 140 6 15 km s 21 (lower panel). Figure 1 shows that the infrared ̄ux is dominated by light from the accretion ̄ow or jet, rather than from the secondary star. There is thus a possibility that phasedependent changes in the continuum near the absorption features may result in an additional source of systematic error in the measured value of Kd. The measured parameters allow us to determine the mass function f(M), that is, the observational lower limit to the mass of the compact object:


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of radiology nursing intervention in abdominal examination at 3-T MRI.

METHOD
60 patients with abdominal diseases were divided into two groups randomly: MR nursing intervention group and control group. All the patients underwent abdominal MR examination at 3-T. The MR nursing interventions were performed in nursing intervention group. The outcomes, including one-time success rate, the ratio of diagnosable MR images and the points of image quality, were compared between these two groups.

RESULTS
The one-time success rates in control group and MR nursing intervention group were 66.67% and 96.67% with significant difference ( χ2 =9.017, P<0.05). The ratios of diagnosable images in the two groups were 76.67% and 96.67% with significant difference (χ2 =5.192, P<0.05). The points of MR image quality in the two groups were 1.87±0.86 and 2.33±0.55, respectively. There was significant difference between these two groups (t=-2.508, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION
The effective nursing intervention can make the patients cooperation better in abdominal MR examination and improve the image quality significantly.


Additive Substance is the science subject matter for grade VIII SMP in semester one. This material is closely related to daily life. To understand this material we need a media that are suitable with curriculum 2013. One of media that can be used is powerpoint interactive learning media based on guided inquiry. The purpose of this research was to develop powerpoint interactive learning media based on guided inquiry on additive material and showed the validity and practicality. This research was development research with 4-D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate). This research was limited to the develop stage, which is testing the validity and practicality of the media. The instrument of this research was validity and practicality questionnaire. The media developed was validated by 5 validators, they are 3 chemistry lecturers and 2 science teachers. The practicality questionnaire was filled by 2 natural science teachers and 31 students in grade IX 1 at SMPN 3 Payakumbuh. Data from the validity and practicality results were analyzed using the Cohen Kappa formula. From the results of the validity, the average of kappa moment was 0.82 with a very high validity category. From the results of the practicality on the teacher, the average of kappa moment was 0.88 and on the students were 0.87 with a very high practicality category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the developed inquiry-based additive-based learning media is valid and practical. Keyword : Interactive, Powerpoint, Guided Inquiry, Additive Substances


Nowadays, gaming is very popular among the young generation, and game players use heterogeneous devices to play games from cloud/server and PC installation/mobile app. Better gaming can be considered as where the game runs smoothly, speedy, and quickly responds to the user's input. The game player and developer are unaware of how a better gaming experience will be achieved. In this paper, we used quality of experience (QoE) to assess the game experience of game players by using different ways of gaming such as PC installation, Mobile app, and online from server/cloud using both devices. The results show that the PC installation method provides a better QoE for both games, whereas, gaming online from server/cloud using both devices gave the worst user experience.


Plutella xylostella L. is a global pest of cruciferous crops. A new, closely-related Australian taxon, P. australiana, was identified in 2013, with significant potential impacts on market access and on introduction of biological control agents in Australia. Cytochrome oxidase 1 'barcode' sequencing and comparison of the genitalia of adults collected from 3 states in Australia (including Tasmania) and New Zealand identified significant morphological similarity between the two taxa, and two features that can be used to differentiate adult females of the two taxa. Larval collections identified two host plants of P. australiana of potential commercial importance.


Data from a phase II study were presented at ASCO 2019, focusing on responses among women with BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer to olaparib.


Learning Objectives: As a result of completing this activity, the participant will be able to: Describe the current and relevant teaching theories, including the adult learning theory and the Dreyfus and Dreyfus model Explain the development of clinical decisionmaking by residents Identify potential obstacles to teaching in the fastpaced, high-pressure environment of the operating room Describe simple approaches to optimize the curriculum, as well as effective techniques to improve teaching, while not compromising quality of care Explain the impact of milestones on resident education


Dielectric metasurfaces have emerged as a promising alternative to their plasmonic counterparts due to lower ohmic losses, which hinder sensing applications and nonlinear frequency conversion, and their larger flexibility to shape the emission pattern in the visible regime. To date, the computational cost of full-wave numerical simulations has forced the exploitation of the Floquet theorem, which implies infinitely periodic structures, in designing such devices. In this work, we show the potential pitfalls of this approach when considering finite-size metasurfaces and beam-like illumination conditions, in contrast to the typical infinite plane-wave illumination compatible with the Floquet theorem.


Activated carbon necessity in Indonesia was increasing along with the developments of the industriaization era. Based on natural product in Indonesia, probably activated carbon necessity could be guaranteed by domestic production. Rubber shells were solid waste which has potential for multiple uses such as raw materials for the manufacture of activated carbon. In this researched, rubber shells waste were processed into activated charcoal. The aim of this researhed was to determine the effect of the concentration of phosphoric acid activator toward the characteristics of the activated carbon and activated carbon absorption capacity to Pb(II). Shells rubber that passed by the of 100 mesh sieve was impregnated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) as activator in the ratio fruit shells rubber: phosphoric acid (b:b) of 1:2 and varying concentrations of H3PO4 at 20%, 40%, and 60% for 1 hour. After immersion in the acid, then material was carbonized in a furnace at temperature 500 C for 1 hour. Surface area of activated carbon was analyzed by usning Braunanear, Emmelt and Teller and concentration of adsorption of Pb(II) was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The results showed the general characteristics of activated carbon comparable to the Indonesian National Standard. The largest adsorption capasity percentage 74% is obtained using Rubber shell activated carbon that activated by 20% phosphoric acid .


An ab initio calculation indicated that the low temperature phase of indium sulfide, β-In2S3 has a potential to be good thermoelectric materials. The thermoelectric properties of Mg-doped β-In2S3 above room temperature were investigated at the first time. The bulk samples of In2-xMgxS3 (x =0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) were prepared by pulsed current sintering using the powder obtained from the solid reaction of raw elements in a sealed silica tube. All bulk samples showed high relative density over than 90%. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of all samples were well indexed as β-In2S3 structure without any second phases. The peaks shift to the lower diffraction angles indicating the increasing of lattice parameter of magnesium-substituted samples. This result sounds strange because ionic radius of magnesium is smaller than indium, and presumably indicates the simultaneous formation of vacancies on magnesium-substitution. The thermoelectric properties of Seebeck coefficient (S), electrical resistivity (ρ), and thermal conductivity (κ) were measured at temperature range from 300 K to 700 K. The maximum power factor (S 2 /ρ) for non-doped In2S3 is 426.5 μW/mK 2 , which was slightly higher than that of magnesium substituted samples at the same temperature. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity κ at 300 K significantly decreased from 1.64W/mK for the non-doped sample to 1.10 W/mK for the sample with x = 0.2. (Fig.1) The reduction in κ may attribute to the increasing of point defect scatting caused by the anharmonic oscillation of atoms in the vicinity of vacancies. The maximum dimensionless figure of merit ZT = S 2 T/ρκ for non-doped In2S3 and magnesium doped sample (x = 0.1) were 0.38 and 0.45 at 700 K, respectively. Fig. 1 Temperature dependence of thermal conductivity observed for In2-xMgxS3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3). 第76回応用物理学会秋季学術講演会 講演予稿集 (2015 名古屋国際会議場) 13a-2T-3 © 2015年 応用物理学会 08-015


A new image encryption scheme based on high-dimensional compound chaotic systems is proposed in this paper. The encryption system utilizes a 2D Logistic chaotic map to shuffle the pixel matrix of the plain image. Then a strong nonlinear coupling structure combining hyper-chaos is constructed and different ways of encryption are chosen according to different areas to make gray-level transformation. Simulation experiment results and security analysis demonstrate that the proposed image algorithm has a large key space, and is very sensitive to initial values. Excellent confusion and diffusion properties are demonstrated in the proposed algorithm. Moreover, it can resist exhaustive attack, statistical attack and sensitive attack, etc.


This invention relates to a closure for closing the orifice of the neck of a receptacle 10. The closure comprises a capsule 13 having an annular top wall with a central opening, a shirt descending from its outer periphery, a portion deformable annular rim extending along the inner periphery of the top wall in the general direction of the sleeve towards the longitudinal axis of the capsule so as to form an acute angle with said axis, and a cap covering the orifice central and having an annular connection 16 sealingly engaging said free edge of the periphery portion to an extent such that said cap can be released from said capsule and removed therefrom by a manually applied force The invention is applicable to bottles pierceable stopper for medicament.


North America in research and policy on endocrine disrupting chemicals in the country's waterways. CSIRO has been working with Land & Water Australia to lay the groundwork for local action. Rachel Carson's documentation of the devastating effects of pesticides on the natural world in her landmark book Silent Spring1 in 1962 eventually led to the ban of DDT in the US. In 2006 – coincidentally the centenary of Carson's birth – CSIRO and Land & Water Australia released a groundbreaking report on the impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in Australia's waterways.2 The report, the first of its kind for the Australasian region, not only lays the foundation for a local research effort, but could well alter future government policy on water management. Earlier research overseas – mainly carried out by research bodies in Europe and North America – has shown that populations of aquatic wildlife exposed to EDCs exhibit skewed sex ratios, abnormal gonad development and reproductive failure. This is because EDCs mimic, block or disrupt the actions of hormones, and disrupt the normal functioning of the endocrine system. EDCs are known to cause harm at very low levels of exposure so, with trace levels having been found in common household products such as milk and shampoo and in water catchments from Las Vegas to Japan, these chemicals have emerged in recent years as a contaminant of international concern. Australian research on the issue has been scarce, despite EDCs being identified in discharges from intensive livestock operations, wastewater treatment plants and paper mills, and in runoff from pesticideor manure-laden farmlands. Given Australia's low stream flows and declining freshwater resources due to persistent drought, CSIRO Land and Water together with Land & Water Australia embarked upon a three-year research project in 2004 to better understand the potential risks of EDCs in our waterways and provide for future risk assessment. The CSIRO team, led by Dr Rai Kookana, set out to assess EDC levels at targeted sites across Australia, determining factors that could influence the rate of EDC degradation, and tailoring a research methodology appropriate for Australian ecosystems. The study shows that streams across Australia carry EDCs at concentrations that stimulate significant changes to the sexual cycles of native fauna, especially in catchment areas surrounding cattle feedlots, dairies and piggeries. EDCs tend to be at higher concentrations in sediments under anaerobic conditions, which has implications in the reuse of water and biosolids. The researchers found that spreading wastewater on aerobic and biologically active soils can rapidly break down EDCs. The technical report was launched last year in Canberra at the Second Australian Symposium on Ecological Risk Assessment and Management of EDCs, Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Australasian Environment. At the symposium, internationally renowned environmental scientist Dr Susan Jobling commented that levels of aquatic EDCs recorded in the report meant that species living in the waterways studied would already be affected. Dr Jobling said she would support legislation that would bring Australian Government policy into line with Europe and the US. Both Dr Kookana and Dr Jobling were joined at a post-symposium workshop by 22 Australian and international researchers, policy makers, regulators, water suppliers and research investors. Facilitated by Land & Water Australia's Dr Stuart Pearson, the group drafted 'The 2007 Black Mountain Declaration on Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Australian Waters' – the first national position paper on the issue, which outlines priority areas for future research, policy attention and public awareness. • Tuppy McIntosh R e s e a r c h


Combinatorial interaction testing (CIT), a black-box testing method, has been well studied in recent years. It aims at constructing an effective interaction test suites, so as to identify the faults that are caused by interactions among parameters. After interaction test suites are generated by CIT, the execution order of test cases in the test suite becomes critical due to limited testing resources. To determine test case order, the prioritization of interaction test suites has been employed. As we know, random prioritization (RP) of test cases has been considered as simple but ineffective. Existing research unveils that adaptive random prioritization (ARP) of test cases is an alternative and promising candidate that may replace RP. However, previous ARP techniques may not be used to prioritize interaction test suites due to the lack of source-code-related information in interaction test suite, such as statement coverage, function coverage, or branch coverage. In this paper, we not only propose the ARP strategy in order to prioritize interaction test suites by using interaction coverage information, without the source-code-related information, but also unify the RP strategy and traditional interaction-coverage based prioritization strategy (ICBP). Additionally, simulation studies indicate that the ARP strategy performs better than the RP strategy, test-case-generation prioritization, and reverse test-case-generation prioritization, and can also be more time-saving than ICBP while greatly maintaining similar, or even better, effectiveness.


Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan,the key components of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration and the core growth pole of economic development in Hunan province,have been accelerating their economic and social development and their urbanization in recent years.Their high-speed urbanization is the main reason for the significant changes in the land use structures and functions in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan core area.Therefore,research of regional land use change will exert a positive and significant influence on enhancing the harmony among land use,urban environment,economic and social development,and helping satisfy the requirements both the human living and ecological protection.Wavelet analysis,which emerged in the 1990s,is a mathematical tool for multi-scale analysis.It specializes in land use pattern analysis from frequency and scale,linking spatio-temporal pattern with scale and location.This analysis,though widely applied in ecology,has never been adopted in exploring scale characteristics of land use change in urban agglomeration.It must be a significant attempt to adopt wavelet analysis in exploring the scale characteristics of land use change in the core area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan,for its results will help to explain the spatial heterogeneity and scale sensitivity and further,the driving mechanism in regional land use change,and provide an important basis for response analysis of the scale of landscape change.The research is carried on the relationship between time and location and land use change characteristics scale from a wavelet analysis on typical transect line of the belt along the Xiangjiang River as the typical land use region based on the data of land use change extracted from the remote sensing image data in four periods from 1989 to 2008.The result shows that the different degrees of sensitivity of each quarter of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan core area to scale change determine their selection in land use characteristic scale,which is supported by 1) The quarter around the city centre,which is of a relatively single land use type,is the least sensitive to scale change,thus about 3 300 m parcel analysis being the most appropriate;2) The urban fringe quarter is the most sensitive to scale change,thus about 2 000 m parcel analysis being the most appropriate;and 3) The green heart of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan,the combination quarter of the three cities,is moderately sensitive to scale change,thus about 3 000 m parcel analysis being the most appropriate.


This study aims, through a literature search methodology, treat on the rights of personality and retaining the principle of human dignity. Therefore, it is used a dialectical approach to historical and comparative procedures between the events described by the authors analyzed in order to frame the importance of personal rights to dignified construction of the person as ontological category. Depicts is thus in many ways, how the study and appreciation of the person reflects, in the protection of those rights, thereby maintaining a dignified living in social bosom. Here it adds draw up a work, especially the influence of that principle in life worthy of the person in society to structure a system that protects their personality.


The key issue in the assessment system for radiation protection of wildlife is the establishment of dose-effects relationships for reference representatives of natural biota. Within the frame of the EC Project EPIC "Environmental Protection from Ionizing Contaminants" (2000-2003), a database has been created, which includes about 1600 records from 440 publications in Russian on the dose-effects relationships in wildlife from northern-temperate climatic zones. The EPIC database "Radiation effects on biota" is based on Russian/FSU experimental and field studies; chronic/lifetime exposures are the focus of the data collection. The database information covers a very wide range of radiation dose rates to biota: from below 1E(-5) Gy d -1 up to more than 1 Gy d -1 . A great variety of radiation effects are registered in the EPIC database, from stimulation at low doses up to death from acute radiation syndrome at high doses. The paper presents the dose-effects relationships for northern wildlife in the conditions of low-LET chronic irradiation. The system of dose-effects relationships forms the scale of severity of radiation effects at increasing levels of chronic radiation exposure. The system can be used as a basis for establishing criteria for radiation protection of the Northern wildlife.


In this paper, we propose a scheme for transferring an unknown atomic entangled state via cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). This scheme, which has a successful probability of 100 percent, does not require Bell-state measurement and performing any operations to reconstruct an initial state. Meanwhile, the scheme only involves atom–field interaction with a large detuning and does not require the transfer of quantum information between the atoms and cavity. Thus the scheme is insensitive to the cavity field states and cavity decay. This scheme can also be extended to transferring an entangled state of n-atom.


Rice is a vital food to more than half of the world's population. Rice accounts for 55 per cent of total cereal production in the country. In India rice is grown over 42.9 million ha, with production of 111.1 MT and productivity of 2580 kg per ha (Anon., 2018). Rice provides instant energy as its most important component is carbohydrate (starch) and fat content or lipids (1 %) and due to this reason it is considered as a complete food. After harvesting, unprocessed paddy is stored for varied periods of time depending on market demand, size of production and the farmer's needs. Storage is the most important and critical postharvest operation.


Relevance. Virtual organizations and virtual teams are considered a response to the tightening requirements of modern business – deadlines, quality, efficiency, especially in a global environment. The pandemic has accelerated the tendency to expand the use of these structures in the country's economy as a whole, as well as at the regional level. Cooperation within the framework of the VO contributes to flexibility, efficiency, customer orientation and risk reduction. In order for virtual organizations to fully use their advantages, it is necessary to take into account that due to the specifics of such organizations in the field of PPP in the regional economy, certain additional problems may arise when managing them that are not typical for traditional organizations.The purpose of the study is to generalize, systematize and verify the problems of managing virtual organizations in the regional economy.Objectives: to substantiate the relevance of identifying and taking into account the problems of managing virtual organizations in the field of public-private partnership; to systematize the problems of managing virtual organizations noted in scientific publications; to verify the information obtained using interviews with Russian managers directly related to virtual organizations and implementing projects in the field of PPP.Methodology. During the research, the method of desk research, semi-structured interviews, as well as the method of systematization, descriptive method were used.Results: the main problems of managing virtual organizations in general and at the regional level in particular are systematized.Conclusions. Many of the problems noted for virtual organizations and teams have a common nature with "traditional" management problems, but they become more relevant due to the specific features of the organization of work. In general, the problems identified by the respondents correlate with the problems of managing virtual organizations noted in scientific publications. Taking into account the possibilities of such problems in practice and proactive management will enable virtual organizations to fully use the advantages in the field of PPP in the regional economy.


This paper uses the DEA-Malmquist Index to measure Fujian environmental protection investment efficiency from 2004 to 2010.Research results show: the overall investment efficiency was improved.The growth of environmental protection investment efficiency mainly relied on technical progress,while technical efficiency significantly inhibited the growth of environmental protection investment efficiency.The results also reveal the obvious difference in environmental protection investment efficiency among the nine cities or districts of Fujian Province,with that of Ningde,Zhangzhou and Nanping growing quickly,while that of Xiamen,Fuzhou,Quanzhou,Sanming growing slowly,and that of Longyan,Putian declining slightly.In view of the above findings,the paper puts forward some suggestions to enhance the investment efficiency of Fujian environmental protection.


This paper explores a new perspective in understanding social trust and its formation in a game theoretic setting. Evidence from experiments and real life suggests individuals differ in predisposition to cooperate, which is essentially a component of human capital that is costly to cultivate but yields a stream of returns in the future. When more people acquire a stronger cooperative tendency, they are in general more trustworthy and hence the social trust is higher. In this sense, the individual cooperative tendencies are the trees of the social trust forest. How many trees are planted and how tall they grow are affected by the effectiveness of education, information transmission, and economic governance institutions. Multiple equilibriums and inefficiency exist due to positive externalities. The main findings are consistent with relevant evidence.


The problem strudied in this paper is to determine f(p,B),the minimum size of a connected graph G with the given vertex number p,bandwidth B and maximum degree Δ(G)≤B.Some exact results on the value f(p,B) and the corresponding extremal graphs are presented.


Details on two versions of a computerized model for the transportation system of the NRC Physical Protection Project are presented. The Version I model permits scheduling of all types of transport units associated with a truck fleet, including truck trailers, truck tractors, escort vehicles and crews. A fixed-fleet itinerary construction process is used in which iterations on fleet size are required until the service requirements are satisfied. The Version II model adds an aircraft mode capability and provides for a more efficient non-fixed-fleet itinerary generation process. Test results using both versions are included.


During March 2021, large regions of Eastern Australia experienced prolonged heavy rainfall and extensive flooding. The maximum daily mean column integrated water vapor transport (IVT) over Sydney during this event was within the top 0.3% of all days since 1980, and the 10‐day mean IVT was in the top 0.2%. In this study, we have examined the change in frequency of extreme IVT events over Sydney in 16 climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP245 and SSP585). Generalized Extreme Value modeling was used to further analyze the change in frequency of extreme IVT events. We found the probability of long duration high IVT events is projected to increase by 80% at the end of the century, but the future change in IVT is correlated to the rate of global and regional warming in each model.


In this paper, downlink multigroup multicast transmission in the ultra‐dense low Earth orbit satellite constellation networks with full frequency reuse is studied. Multicast transmission significantly improves the system performance compared with point‐to‐point transmission. However, multicast capacity is constrained by the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) of bottleneck users in each group. To tackle this problem, we propose an alternating optimization‐based joint power allocation and cooperative beamforming algorithm (AO‐JPACB) to enhance the SINR of the bottleneck users and improve the system capacity. Simulation results show that the proposed AO‐JPACB algorithm can improve the system capacity compared to single‐satellite schemes.


A new approach to explaining the mechanism of bacterial motion is proposed. It is shown that this motion can be caused by electrokinetic phenomena such as electrophoresis and diffusiophoresis. In contrast to common colloidal particles, electrokinetic phenomena in bacteria can occur without external electric or concentration fields. Living microorganisms can induce such fields by themselves as a result of exchange processes between cells and the environment, because these processes inevitably accompany the vital activity of any organism. If bacteria carry the surface charges, the diffusion-electric field induced by bacteria as a result of ionexchange processes will cause their motion relative to the surrounding liquid. A quantitative theory of this phenomenon is proposed.


A fast and simple method for the visual enhancement of small bright details
 in digital mam- mograms based on mathematical morphology is proposed. By a
 proper choice of the shape and size of the structuring element, an algorithm
 for a particular processing task - in this case, for the visual enhancement
 of microcalcifications in digital mammograms - was designed. The efficiency
 of the proposed algorithm was tested on publicly available mammograms from
 the mammographic image analysis society database. In all tested cases (23
 mammograms), the proposed method successfully segmented and enhanced the
 existing microcalcifications, in- dependently verified by medical experts.
 The proposed procedure may be used both as a visual aid in clinical mammogram
 analysis or as a preprocessing step for further processing, such as
 segmentation, classification and detection of microcalcifications. Moreover,
 the algorithm is very fast and robust, thus applicable to real-time mammogram
 processing.


The hydrogen ion species in a Heliotron E neutral beam injection system of maximum electric power 6.3 MW were analyzed in order to assess the neutral beam power injected into the torus. The maximum proton ratio of the cylindrical bucket type ion source used was observed to be more than 90 percent assuming that the angular divergences for the respective species in the beam are the same. The experimental data are compared with calculations using a particle balance model. The analysis indicates that the net injection power reaches nearly 2.7 MW at the optimal conditions of the system considering the geometrical limitation of the neutral beam path.


High-throughput next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have created an opportunity for detecting copy number variations (CNVs) more accurately. However, efficient and precise detection of CNVs remains challenging due to high levels of noise and biases, data heterogeneity and the "big data" nature of NGS data. In this work, we introduce a novel preprocessing pipeline to improve the detection accuracy of CNVs in heterogeneous NGS data, such as cancer whole exome sequencing data. We employed several normalizations to reduce biases due to GC content, mappability and tumor contamination. We also developed a novel efficient and effective smoothing approach based on the Taut String method to reduce noise and increase the detection power of the CNV detection methods.


Objective To observe protective effect of si-nitang on diaphragmatic fatigue in rabbits. Methods Anaesthetize rabbit with urethane and inject oleic acid to induce diaphagmatic fatigue. Then seperate diaphagm from xipha,record the changes of diaphagmatic contractiliti and electromyogram. Results After the administration of 2ml/kg of si-nitang on normal diaphragm.The contractility(P0.01) ,peak and slop(P0.01) were markedly increased. Injection si-nitang in 2ml/kg after fatigue could enhance recovery of the diaphragmatic fatigue. Conclusion Si-nitang sen increase the diaphragmatic contractility and electromyogram, showing protective effect on diaphragmatic fatigue.


A recently published outline of an ethics code for information brokers is being criticized under different aspects. The first aspect is the procedure: In order to become binding, a code of ethics demands a consensus which can only be the result of a discourse (first draft, discussion, revision, adoption). In the case of violation, there has to be the possibilty of sanctions. All this is missing in this outline. The second aspect is contents: The outline reduces the complex ethical problems to ecomic aspects. Besides, the authors are guilty of cursoriness and many careless mistakes. The authors of this article suggest a completely new approach towards a code of ethics, which could possibly learn from the German sociologists; their procedure of working out an ethics code is described in detail


OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of Nuodikang Capsule(NDK) on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in rats.METHODS 16 male rats were divided randomly into normal saline(NS) control group and NDK treated group.NDK treated group was administered with NDK(1 g·kg-1)for 7 days,while the NS control group was administered with the same volume of normal saline.On the eighth day,30 minutes after oral administration of NS and NDK,intravenous injection of aminophylline(20 mg·kg-1) was given,and blood samples were collected before and 0.25,0.5,1,2,4,6,8,10,12,24 h after co-administration of drugs.Plasma concentrations of theophylline were assayed by HPLC method,and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed with a non-compartment model.RESULTS Elimination rate constant of theophyllin in the NDK treated group was increased significantly,compared with that in the NS treated group(P0.05).The terminal phase half-life and apparent volume of distribution of NDK treated group were decreased significantly,compared with that in the NS treated group(P0.05).But there were no significant differences in the clearance and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve between the two groups.CONCLUSION It is concluded that multiple administration of NDK affects significantly the pharmacokinetic profile of theophylline in rats,and suggests that NDK should be used with caution by patients taking theophylline.


(57) Abstract: suturable electronic component is flexible conductor (100) is housed at least partially, sealed package (105, 110) within. Conductive threads, yarns, or fiber bundle (120) is patterned on a flexible substrate (125) (e.g., fabric panels). To form a circuit component conductor (100) is sewn conductively, spot welded, or otherwise by being bonded to the fabric panel (125), at least some of the stitched wire (100) between each other as the connection is formed, an electric circuit is formed. Alternatively, a wire (120) joined by stitching other against the fabric pattern (125), permanently joined by welding other to the flexible or inflexible part conductor (100) Te may be a circuit. Thus a number of the circuit panel thus formed is then sutured, by a combination of welding, and / or other joining means, preferably by interposing an insulating layer, physically and electrically joined at various positions , it is possible to form a multi-layer flexible circuit.


The message of Jesus Christ is to save everyone irrespective of tribe, culture, geographical location, and language. His main purpose is to restore the human relationship with God. In view of that, the study employed an analytical approach to finding out how Jesus dealt with ethnicity in the propagation of the message of God (the Gospel) to deduce relevant messages across ethnic boundaries. As a result of this, the study revealed that Jesus did not rule out the role of culture in the propagation of the message. It is observed that culture is knowledge, language, values, and customs. Thus, the message demonstrates how Jesus dealt with the Samaritan woman. Jesus communicated to the woman in simple and understandable language. His respect and love for the woman at the well and her view as part of values by requesting water from her suggests that he did not do away with the essence of values and customs. Therefore, this study suggests that Christians do likewise in the quest to disseminate the message of God, instead of promoting ethnicity which will end up limiting the message to a particular group of people. This study revealed that the best way to effectively carry the message across is to achieve the goal of the great commission by engaging people in terms of cultural relativism rather than ethnocentrism


The aim of this article is to highlight the place the Romanian lawmaker has given to criminal offences against public security in the criminal law. At the same time, we seek to delineate the legal object of crimes against public security from that of crimes that affect relations of social coexistence, especially those protecting public order and peace. Knowledge of the legal object contributes to a better understanding of the concepts of public security and social order that are interdependent with law and human capital. Also, through the method of documentation we aimed to highlight, in the context of the pandemic: some legislative changes that had an impact on the activities carried out in the field of public security; the main measures taken to ensure the safety of the person and the observance of health measures in criminal proceedings; the activities that were carried out online in the judicial proceedings and the manner in which the intra-institutional communication or inter-institutional communication took place; the main changes brought by the legislator in the matter of criminal offences against public security (safety).


The article presents the methodological foundations for construction stratification audit sampling for attribute-based sampling. The sampling techniques of Russian and foreign practice is studied and stratified. The role of stratification in the audit is described. Approaches to construction of the stratification are revealed on the basis of professional judgment (qualitative methods), statistical groupings (quantitative methods) and combinatory ones (complex qualitative stratifications). Grouping of accounting information for the purpose of constructing an optimal stratification and its criteria are proposed. The stratification methods are worked out and tested on the example of ABC-analysis.


In the pure spinor formalism for the superstring and supermembrane, supersymmetric invariants are constructed by integrating over five $\theta$'s in d=10 and over nine $\theta$'s in d=11. This pure spinor superspace is easily explained using the superform (or ''ectoplasm'') method developed by Gates and collaborators, and generalizes the standard chiral superspace in d=4. The ectoplasm method is also useful for constructing d=10 and d=11 supersymmetric invariants in curved supergravity backgrounds.


According to the Perceptual Assimilation Model (PAM) discriminability of non‐native contrasts depends on the perceived similarity to native phonetic categories [Best (1994)]. With respect to vowel contrasts, it has been claimed that PAM predictions hold so long as context‐specific realizations of a given contrast are considered [Strange et al. (2001); Levy (2002)]. To further assess these claims, English adults were tested on perception of Canadian French tense high vowels, /i/, /y/, /u/ and their respective context‐conditioned variants [I], [Y], and [U]. Adults completed 2 tasks with both citation and sentence context stimuli; stimuli for both tasks were natural /bVs/ tokens, produced by male and female talkers. For each vowel, subjects completed an identification and rating task (using English vowel response categories) which provided data to assess the assimilation pattern for four non‐native contrasts: /i‐y/, /y‐u/, /I‐Y/, and /Y‐U/. Discrimination was assessed for each contrast using a categorical AX...


A voltage amplifier that is insensitive to drift and aging effects of the feedback resistors is presented. The mismatch of the resistors is reduced to a second-order effect which results in a total gain error of less than 10 ppm without the need for any calibration. Moreover, the long-term stability of the whole amplifier is guaranteed by the design.


HK-2 cells were cultured with various concentrations of glucose and insulin for 12,24,48,72 h.Transforming growth factor-β_1(TGF-β_1) protein in supematant was measured by ELISA,while TGF-β_1 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR.Data showed that high concentration of glucose and insulin up-regulated the expression of TGF-β_1 in HK-2 cells through different pathways.


With the launch of JWST, understanding star formation in the early Universe is an active frontier in modern astrophysics. Whether the higher gas pressures and lower metallicities in the early Universe altered the shape of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) remains a fundamental open question. Since the IMF impacts nearly all observable properties of galaxies and controls how stars regulate galaxy growth, determining whether the IMF is variable is crucial for understanding galaxy formation. Here we report the detection of two Lyman-$\alpha$-emitting galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization with exceptionally top-heavy IMFs. Our analysis of JWST/NIRSpec data demonstrates that these galaxies exhibit spectra which are completely dominated by the nebular continuum. In addition to a clear Balmer jump, we observe a steep turnover in the ultraviolet continuum. Although this feature can be reproduced with a contrived damped Lyman-$\alpha$ absorption model, we show instead that this is two-photon emission from neutral hydrogen. Two-photon emission can only dominate if the ionizing emissivity is $\gtrsim10\times$ that of a typical star-forming galaxy. While weak He~{\sc~II} emission disfavours ionizing contributions from AGN or X-ray binaries, such radiation fields can be produced in star clusters dominated by low-metallicity stars of $\gtrsim50\ {\rm M_{\odot}}$, where the IMF is $10-30\times$ more top-heavy than typically assumed. Such a top-heavy IMF implies our understanding of star formation in the early Universe and the sources of reionization may need revision.


The present invention discloses a liquid crystal display apparatus and a control method of the liquid crystal panel and the application of which molecules of the liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. A first substrate having a common electrode, a second electrode substrate having a first pixel and a second pixel electrode, the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode having a slit spaced a certain width. Liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned to the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode and the upper slit. When the supply respectively the first and second electrodes a first pixel voltage and a second voltage to the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrodes between the common electrode and having a first pressure and a second pressure, the first a first liquid crystal molecules are tilted toward the pixel electrode. The slit width of the specific range, generation of the corresponding difference of the pixel electrodes of different voltages to the liquid crystal molecules in the same direction dumping slit and reduce the area occupied by the bumps, to improve the brightness and contrast of the liquid crystal display device.