The R.V. Thomas G. Thompson was used to survey the motions of the water column over Cross Seamount, a seamount in the North Pacific 250km South of Oahu, Hawai'i. The study took place over from 31 December 2010 to 2 January 2011. Using the ship's Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), currents over the seamount were sampled repeatedly. A semidiurnal tide appeared to account for a majority of the flows observed. These findings are in agreement with a previous study on tides in the area, though different dominant current directions were found. In addition to this tidal component, a diurnal (K1) and an inertial constituent were also observed. A theoretical model for the tides observed was generated. This model, when applied at varying depths indicated the presence of a vertically propagating tide. The motions seen at depth, however, were not found to be 180° out phase with respect to the surface tide, as would be expected with an internal tide. This was concluded to be due to the presence of the seamount. Couldrey Internal Tides Cross Seamount 4 Introduction and Background Vertical structure is a fundamentally integral aspect of oceanography. By understanding the physical characteristics of the water column, one can then go on to explain other physical, chemical and biological phenomena observed. The Hawaiian archipelago is an area which exhibits varied bathymetry, with numerous seamounts amid deep oceanic plains. In deep oceanic environments such as that seen around Hawai'i, stratification of the water column is an important physical property. Hawai'i's bathymetric features, such as seamounts, are known to have an effect on such stratified waters and stimulate internal waves (Cole et al. 2009). This research aims to better understand the internal motion of water over a seamount. Internal waves are a phenomenon which influences other aspects of ocean science, so it is important to be able to quantify and understand them. An internal wave can be readily observed when the interface between two layers of fluid of differing density oscillates vertically, in a similar manner to a gravity wave (Garrett & Munk 1979). While internal waves may propagate along such an interface, this is not necessary for its presence; they may propagate throughout a given water column. The occurrence of such oscillations will have important effects on the biological, geological and physical environment, making them worthy of further scientific inquest. Phytoplankton and zooplankton are affected by the movements of the water masses in which they reside, as they are broadly unable to resist large scale flows. Internal waves are an important agent in the vertical motion of plankton in and out of the photic zone (Kamykowski 1974). Since phytoplankton and zooplankton form the bases of numerous food chains, their movements are relevant to the location of organisms of higher trophic levels. This is especially important in Hawai'i, an area where fishing is a significant industry. Seamounts are known to show high biodiversity, especially with regard to economically important species such as tuna and billfish (Morato et al. 2010). A recent study found that particulate organic matter can be significantly more concentrated around seamounts than in the open ocean, due in part to the current structures around them (Vilas et. al. 2009). It would therefore be of interest to understand the dynamics of internal motions in such a location. Couldrey Internal Tides Cross Seamount 5 Cross Seamount is a large seamount located to the South of the main Hawaiian archipelago in the North Pacific, shown in Fig 1.1. The mount itself is located to the South of the main island chain. It is an important fishing site, as discussed earlier, and is worthy of greater scientific study. Seamounts in general are known to be important sites of mixing, showing orders of magnitude stronger mixing compared with off seamount open ocean locations (Luek, R.G. 1997). There already exists some knowledge of the nature of internal tides over Cross (Noble & Mullineaux 1989) and about the seamount itself, but no comparison of internal waves on and around the seamount has been done. Noble and Mullineaux (1989) found tidal currents over Cross Seamount to be 2-3 times stronger than those observed in the typical open Pacific, but it was unclear whether the seamount was responsible generation of this tide. In addition to observing the motions of the water column over the seamount, this study also aims to generate a model to enumerate an internal tide beyond observation. This model will use the data collected as a basis to 'fill in the blanks' elsewhere. Comparisons between the modelled and observed data may then be drawn. This study provides scope for further research down numerous avenues of scientific inquest. Similar future studies on other seamounts could stem from this research in the interest of comparing the effects of seamounts on internal tides. There is opportunity for the study's use in plankton dynamics over the seamount; for example, can the movements of plankton over the seamount be correlated with the internal tide over Cross? There is also use for this research in conjunction with geological surveys of the bathymetry of Cross seamount's summit; is there any relationship between bedforms or sediment transport observed and internal tides? Methods An ADCP current survey was carried out over Cross Seamount using the shipboard ADCP of the R.V. Thomas G. Thompson over 31December 2010 to 2 January 2011. The ADCP used was RD Instruments' Ocean Surveyor, operating at a frequency of 75kHz. Figure 2.1 shows the transect lines of the ADCP survey used to sample the water column over Cross Seamount. This consisted of three diametric transects over the summit of the seamount, each 6 Couldrey Internal Tides Cross Seamount 6 nm long with shorter 3nm paths connecting these transects, taking approximately four hours to complete. Each transect began and ended at waypoint 6. The path was followed in the reverse order to which the waypoints are numbered (i.e. begin at 6, proceed to 5, then 4 and so on to 1 then back to 6 to begin a new set of transects). This path was sampled 6 times over the study as consistently as possible. The data collected from the ADCP was processed using Matlab (Version 7.0.1). The following equation served as a basis for which current could be calculated; Current, u, at a given time, t, can be calculated using this model, assuming that constants b through e are known. Current from non-tidal origin is represented by n. It is assumed that n will chiefly consist of noise, and will be small enough to be negligible. The accuracy of this assumption will be assessed later. The frequencies of tidal modes are represented by σ, where σ1 is the frequency of the Principal Semidiurnal Lunar tide (M2 tide), σ2 is that of the Lunar Diurnal (K1 tide) and σ3 is that of inertial current, I. This last frequency is a contributor to periodic current variations, but is due to the planet's rotation, rather than the sun or moon. For the latitude concerning this study (18.7167°N), the inertial frequency (the inverse of the Coriolis parameter) was taken to be 37.396 hours. In this study, these frequencies are computed in radians and are thus; The remaining terms to be evaluated are b through g, which were calculated based on observed currents at Cross Seamount. Each pair of constants (b-c, d-e and f-g) corresponds to each of the three tidal constituents and is unique to each situation. These constants determine the relative effect that each tidal component will have on a given situation. Matlab was used to compute these values. The details of this procedure, such as the M-files used, are available upon request. The phase difference of tidal motions was then computed. This is a way of comparing how the tide at depth 'lags' behind the tide moving at the surface. If there is a deep layer moving 180° out of phase with the surface tide, then the motions of the deep layer are attributed to the presence of an internal tide. This was done by computing the phase difference, θ, for each tidal mode separately. Couldrey Internal Tides Cross Seamount 7 These theta values were plotted against the depth to which they corresponded. This allows for comparison of tidal phase with depth. This is done to show whether the surface currents are leading those at depth or vice versa. Tidal ellipses were then constructed for each tidal component. These are plots of eastward against northward modelled currents. Three sets of ellipses were generated; one for each of the three tidal components. These plots allow for comparison of the different tidal components with depth, illustrating whether an internal tide is propagating vertically.


[ Objective] To evaluate Stomachic relieve ulcer capsule of the clinical efficacy of the treatment of gastric ulcer. [ Methods ] Treatment group Stomachic relieve ulcer capsule 8 tablets, tid, after meals, clothing , 1 week to 1 course of treatment. Control group given ranitidine capsules 0. 15g, bid, po, course of 1 week. The two groups during the medication treatment are prohibited from taking other drugs and the impact of gastric effects of the drug observed. [Results] Stomachic relieve ulcer capsule group of ulcer healing rate of 73. 53% , total effective rate was 97. 06% , ranitidine group ulcer healing rate of 55. 88% , total effective rate was 94. 12%. Healing rates were compared to a more significant difference. [Conclusion] Stomachic relieve ulcer capsule had better therapeutic efficacy of gastric ulcer, and slightly fewer adverse reactions, is a safe and effective drugs.


Lysosomes have recently been implicated in regulation of quiescence in adult neural stem cells (NSCs). Whether lysosomes regulate the differentiation of neural stem‐progenitor cells (NPCs) in the embryonic brain has remained unknown, however. We here show that lysosomes are more abundant in rapidly dividing NPCs than in differentiating neurons in the embryonic mouse neocortex and ganglionic eminence. The genes for TFEB and TFE3, master regulators of lysosomal biosynthesis, as well as other lysosome‐related genes were also expressed at higher levels in NPCs than in differentiating neurons. Anatomic analysis revealed accumulation of lysosomes at the apical and basal endfeet of NPCs. Knockdown of TFEB and TFE3, or that of the lysosomal transporter Slc15a4, resulted in premature differentiation of neocortical NPCs. Conversely, forced expression of an active form of TFEB (TFEB‐AA) suppressed neuronal differentiation of NPCs in association with upregulation of NPC‐related genes. These results together point to a previously unappreciated role for TFEB and TFE3, and possibly for lysosomes, in maintenance of the undifferentiated state of embryonic NPCs. We further found that lysosomes are even more abundant in an NPC subpopulation that rarely divides and includes the embryonic origin of adult NSCs than in the majority of NPCs that divide frequently for construction of the embryonic brain, and that overexpression of TFEB‐AA also suppressed the cell cycle of neocortical NPCs. Our results thus also implicate lysosomes in establishment of the slowly dividing, embryonic origin of adult NSCs.


Current political ideology asserts that diversity in the makeup of board directors can only be beneficial. A diverse board, the literature contends, improves the governing capability of directors which includes better use of human resources by being able to tap into new talent.


UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report (2009) The Implementation of Laryngeal Contrast in Korean as a Second Language Charles B. Chang * University of California, Berkeley Introduction Much research in second-language (L2) speech has investigated how L2 learners acquire laryngeal categories that differ from the laryngeal categories of their first language (L1). However, most of this work has concentrated on languages with two laryngeal categories that differ between L1 and L2 in terms of the same primary cue: voice onset time, or VOT (e.g. French and English: Caramazza et al. 1973, Flege 1987; Spanish and English: Flege and Eefting 1988; Italian and English: Flege et al. 1995; Portuguese and English: Major 1996). In the present study, I examine how L2 learners come to produce a laryngeal contrast that requires the use of a second phonetic dimension in addition to VOT—namely, the three-way Korean laryngeal contrast among lenis, fortis, and aspirated stops, which in initial position differ primarily in terms of VOT and fundamental frequency (f 0 ) onset (cf. Han and Weitzman 1970, Kim 2004, inter alia). How do learners use (or not use) f 0 onset in conjunction with VOT to realize this three-way contrast? In this paper, I describe the range of variation in phonetic spaces that learners construct for this novel laryngeal contrast and show how these differ from the results of cross-linguistic perception studies on English speakers hearing Korean. The paper is organized as follows: Section 2 provides some background on L2 speech acquisition, including the concept of cross-language equivalence classification; Sections 3 and 4 describe the design of a longitudinal production experiment and present the results of the last week of testing; and Section 5 discusses the implications of the results and summarizes the major conclusions. Background Foreign accent has been documented in a wide variety of L2 acquisition studies (for a broad overview, see Major 2001). Some of these focus on the effect of learner age on perceived foreign accent (e.g. Flege et al. 1995), while others are concerned with identifying which parts of an L2 phonology are the ones most likely to be produced as accented (e.g. Yamada 1995, Broselow et al. 1998,


doctrine that is complete and scientific in itself. This is necessary to counteract the impression which is all too easily gained that a man equipped with a little theological instruction is master of the whole matter and capable of solving all problems. Keeping the aim and purpose in view we can also say that the course provided should be such as will assist the laity in their task of leading others to the source where they can expect to be given official teaching by the official teachers. Also, there is need to provide a sound reason for the various authoritative statements, regulations and directions of the Church. Modern ways of thought require that leaders be themselves convinced of the true position in this regard. It should be necessary too to have them understand the function of the Church in the world, and the extent and the source of her responsibility in social matters with special reference to distinguishing the responsibilities of individual Catholics in the same regard. In suggesting courses of theology it must not be thought that I am criticizing those already being provided in our Irish University colleges. There are, however, many potential leaders outside the universities who are capable of benefiting from similar courses even though they will never have the opportunity of graduating. Courses have been in existence, for example, for some years which have fitted some of these to advance to a deeper study of the elements of theology. Perhaps these could be used as a beginning to provide a well-informed Catholic group of leaders capable of informing public opinion.


In accordance with almost 55 years of experience in pediatric spine surgery, it is easy for me to describe the evolution of surgical technique, as well as indications for surgical interventions that were initially performed without the use of any instrumentation (which now are still occasionally considered as useful) through the anterior and posterior approaches, and with postoperative immobilization with plaster braces. The first types of really effective instrumentations were created sequentially by Harrington and Luque, and in parallel with their development, the pedicle screws (Roy-Camille) were introduced into practice. We had to wait another 20 years before the segmental 3D strategy and CD instrumentation appeared, which remain the basis of  modern spinal technologies to this day, regardless of the type of anchoring elements (hooks, screws, universal clamps or hybrid structures). For the present and the future, early interventions remain indicated for local pathological foci, which are usually the result of congenital anomalies with or without spinal cord compression. But for extended deformities, especially of thoracic localization, plaster and removable braces remain a good choice, regardless of the etiology and the presence or absence of pelvic tilt. When such methods did not give the desired result, a lot of efforts were made using various technologies to preserve the growth potentials of the spinal column without impairing respiratory function. At the same time, it was obvious that the incidence of complications was high, and the need for a final fusion was often stated. Hence the emergence of bipolar minimally invasive technologies with very promising results and significant number of patients who developed a spontaneous bone block, made the fusion surgery meaningless. As for older children and adolescents, the race to achieve maximum Cobb angle correction is becoming more controversial. It has been convincingly shown that it is much more important for the future, from the point of view of spinal function, to achieve 3D dynamic balance, which is determined by intervertebral discs located cranial and caudal to the area of surgical fusion.


With the assistance of weak or strong polarization-dependent loss (PDL) in the cavity, nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locking (NPRML) of an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) is demonstrated to show transformation on the soliton from a single to multiple bunched state with nearly one order of magnitude variation on pulsewidth. With the bent intracavity fiber providing the weak PDL, the NPRML shortens the pulsewidth from only 5.3 ps to 4.9 ps and correspondingly broadens the spectral linewidth from 0.43 nm to 0.56 nm when enlarging the pump power from 100 mW to 325 mW. With the use of an inserted polarizer providing strong PDL in an EDFL, the fundamental soliton pulsewidth is significantly compressed to 390 fs, with the spectral linewidth as wide as 7.14 nm. In particular, the parameters of the soliton pulses are nearly unchanged at different pump powers; however, the soliton pulses split to form tightly bunched pulses circulating in the EDFL cavity. There are as many as 18 solitons tightly bunched together at the maximum pump power of up to 325 mW. Such a tightly bunched package can be elucidated by soliton energy quantization and long-range soliton interaction according to the perturbation theory in a passively mode-locked EDFL.


Landscape-geochemical and agroecological consequences of soil chemization were investigated in the western part of the Moscow region in connection with soil use in agriculture. We determined the migration pathways and areas of accumulation of total and mobile forms of some toxic microelements added to the soil with chemicals. The uptake of these microelements by crops was also estimated. Soil contamination was evaluated for different types of land management from the viewpoint of environmental geochemistry.


/THOUGH the accuracy of the sidefiring aircraft (represented by the AC-130s) is excellent relative to other weapon systems, a detailed error analysis reveals that the pilot is by far the dominant source of remaining error. It was concluded that the accuracy of his pointing the aircraft could be dramatically improved if the sight line were aimed automatically. The sight line autopilot (SLAP) is designed to meet this need. The design accounts for the linearized motions of the sight line as seen in the pilot's reference frame and adjoins these to the aircraft attitude states and two oscillating wind states. Using optimal regulator theory, the control gains are generated. Using these gains, extensive simulations were run to validate the controller. Included were winds and sensor noise. The results show that the concept of a SLAP will significantly improve the capability of the sidefiring weapons system.


1. A method for entering a setting action (10) of liquefied natural gas, comprising a control unit (20) for liquefying disposed on the path (24) Fitting stream, comprising the steps of: removing liquefied natural gas from a first position (22; 21) in the flow path after Fitting liquefaction, vaporization of liquefied natural gas remote or remote heating liquefied natural gas so that the remote liquefied natural gas is converted into the gaseous phase; and supply line transformed or vaporized LNG flowpath back to a second position (34; 38) before gaza.2 liquefaction unit. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of increasing the pressure of the liquefied natural remote gaza.3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the remote LNG pressure is increased by means of his remote pumping LNG to a pressure of about 5.10 MPa to about evaporating or converting the remote LNG gaza.4. A method according to claim 1, wherein vaporized or converted to liquefied natural gas is fed back to the path of flow rate, less than the full volume ustanovki.5 release. A method according to claim 1, wherein the liquefied natural gas removed from the tank (22) for storing the liquefied natural gas plant or of the flowline (23) to a storage tank ustanovki.6. A method according to claim 1, wherein vaporized or converted to liquefied natural gas is fed back to the flow path before the block (18) pre-cooling installation, but after the block (16) of the provisional ustanovki.7 processing. A method according to claim 4, wherein vaporized or converted liquefied


Nago freedman Rodolfo Manoel Martins de Andrade (Bamboxe Obitiko), remembered in oral traditions in Bahia, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro and Lagos, was one of candomble's most renowned historical figures. Weaving oral tradition and archival research, the paper traces his path in Brazil. The first part of the paper examines his enslavement in the twilight of the Atlantic slave trade and his relationship to Marcelina da Silva, ialorixa of the terreiro Ile Axe Iya Nasso Oka. Next, the paper addresses his travels to Lagos and different parts of Brazil, placing special emphasis on his time in Rio de Janeiro, where he gained a substantial following as a religious leader among the city's West African (Mina) population. The paper also discusses his link to the alferes (ensign) Candido da Fonseca Galvao, popularly known as dom Oba II, whose father was compadre of Marcelina da Silva.


A three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship study using the k-nearest neighbor analysis method was performed on a series of -polyfluoroalkyl and 2-Nitrobenzylsulphanyl benzimidazoles for their Antimycobacterial, activity. This study was performed using 28 compounds, for which k-nearest neighbor analysis models were developed using a training set of 22 compounds. Database alignment of all 28 compounds was carried out by root-mean-square fit of atoms and field fit of the steric and electrostatic molecular fields. The resulting database was analyzed by partial least squares analysis with cross-validation; leave one out and no validation to extract optimum number of components. Further comparison of the coefficient contour maps with the steric and electrostatic properties of the receptor has shown a high level of compatibility and good predictive capability.


Abstract : In this work a structured adaptive mesh re refinement (S-AMR) strategy for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems in laminar and turbulent incompressible flows is developed. The Eulerian computational grid consists of nested grid blocks at di different re refinement levels. The grid topology and data-structure is managed by using the Paramesh toolkit. The filtered Navier-Stokes equations are evolved in time by means of an explicit second-order projection scheme, where spatial derivatives are approximated with second order central di differences on a staggered grid. The level of accuracy of the required variable interpolation operators is studied, and a novel divergence-preserving prolongation scheme for velocities is evolved. A novel direct forcing embedded-boundary method is developed to enforce boundary conditions on a complex moving body not aligned with the grid lines. In this method, the imposition of no-slip conditions on immersed bodies is done on the Lagrangian markers that represent their wet surfaces, and the resulting force is transferred to the surrounding Eulerian grid points by a moving least squares formulation. Extensive testing and validation of the resulting strategy is done on a numerous set of problems. For transitional and turbulent ow regimes the large-eddy simulation (LES approach is used. The grid discontinuities introduced in AMR methods lead to numerical errors in LES, especially if non-dissipative, centered schemes are used. A simple strategy is developed to vary the filter size for filtered variables around grid discontinuities. A strategy based on explicit filtering of the advective term is chosen to e effectively reduce the numerical errors across re refinement jumps.


Software development project is often faced with unanticipated problems which pose any potential risks within the development environment. Controlling these risks arises from both the technical and non-technical development components already from the early stages of the development is crucial to arrive at a successful project. Therefore, software development risk management is becoming recognized as a best practice in the software industry for reducing these risks before they occur. This thesis contributes for a goal-driven software development risk management model to assess and manage software development risk within requirement engineering phase.


Abstract In cultivation of peaches, thinning is conventionally performed on fruits by hand, and needs to be done in a short time and with specialized labor, which increases the operational costs of this practice. Mechanical thinning can be an alternative to manual fruit thinning. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical flower thinning with different equipment in advanced peach orchard. The experiment was conducted in 2016 and 2017, combining advanced selections of peach trees and thinning methods. The evaluated variables were percentage of flowers thinning, thinning time, fruit number per plant, plant production, estimated yield, average fruit mass and fruit diameter class. Flower mechanic thinning alters the yield index of peach trees. Mechanical thinning on peach trees was efficient in flower thinning and reduced the practice execution time. Therefore, mechanical thinning is an alternative to the manual fruit thinning of peach trees.


Five‐year (2010 to 2014) sea surface temperature (SST) data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer are used to study the effects of the Australian summer monsoon on SST diurnal variation (DV) over the Australian northwestern shelf (NWS, defined as 105°E–125°E, 25°S–10°S). Strong DV events identified with amplitude of 0.5–2 K were observed over the NWS. A double‐peak seasonal pattern of DV is obtained, with the strongest DV occurring in February/March and October/November. This seasonal DV pattern over the NWS is largely due to the Australian summer monsoon, which reduces the easterly trade wind during the summer monsoonal period, favoring the development of SST DV. Since the monsoon region is distributed globally in the tropical oceans, in the western and eastern North Pacific, as well as in the southern Indian Ocean, we anticipate that strong SST DV may also exist in these parts of coastal oceans.


This paper presents a modeling approach to obtain a small-signal model for a single-switch single-phase and three-phase discontinuous boost high-power-factor rectifiers. Such converters present nonlinear characteristics, and an approximation of them is used to derive the models. The most important result obtained is that the small-signal output impedance is not equal to the load impedance. The analysis is validated by experimental results.


ABSTRACTBachelor essay in political science by Hanna Richter, spring 2006Supervisor: Mats LindbergTitle: A study of the phenomenon of micronationsThe purpose of this essay is to study the phenomeno ...


The invention consists of a first and a second electrode having an electrostatic chuck has a different polarity of the invention relates to a wafer chuck method using a bipolar electrostatic chuck and the chuck that the polarity of the anode and the cathode which is periodically reversed to the static charge generating electrode and a part of; And a power supply and a second power to the first and second electrodes respectively supply the negative and positive power to the first power supply and the first and second electrode for supplying positive and negative power supply, respectively; Includes; polarity inverting portion for inverting the polarity every predetermined period of the first and second electrodes. The susceptor, the electrostatic chuck, positive, reverse, positive, negative, wafer, deposition, CVD


The Study of Child Health Services and Pediatric Education has been reported in summary for the country as a whole and is being reported in more detail for the individual states. To summarize a summary approaches a reductio ad absurdum. But now that this momentous Study is not only completed but published, it is timely to point to a few of its most conspicuous highlights.
 With the permission of the Commonwealth Fund, to whom we are indebted for publication of the report, we have reproduced below the final chapter of the report itself. These few pages are in the nature of a few drops of juice squeezed out of the fruits of our labors.
 The full published report has been boiled down as much as has seemed consistent with an undertaking taking of this magnitude. In a first volume is to be found a general summary of child health services and pediatric education with a number of charts illustrating some of the most important findings. We have purposely avoided over-weighting this volume with heavy statistical tabulations. For those who are interested in more detail and a further analysis of the data, a second volume has been prepared containing methodology, definitions, comprehensive tabulated data, and the basic schedules used in collecting the desired information. So now, in two volumes, the report is available, prepared both for those who have general interest and for those who have more particular concern with the health of children and the training of the doctors responsible for their care—John P. Hubbard, M.D.


During October, satellite measurements show that there is a region of elevated tropospheric ozone over the tropical southern Atlantic Ocean. The cause of the high ozone concentrations has been related to biomass burning in South America and Africa. In this paper, we present evidence from satellite sources, European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast analyses, and a mesoscale simulation during October, suggesting that afternoon and evening deep convection in central Africa is responsible for some of the abnormally high concentrations of ozone in the Tropical South Atlantic which extend southeast over southern Africa into the Indian Ocean. The mechanisms for enhancing tropospheric O3 includes (1) the removal of ozone, NOx, and hydrocarbon rich air from fires in eastern Africa within the planetary boundary layer to the middle and upper troposphere by deep convection; (2) the production Of NOx from lightning associated with mesoscale convective systems and the subsequent photochemical production of O3, and (3) the entrainment of O3 rich air from the lower stratosphere into the upper troposphere by deep convection. During the next few years an international field campaign in central Africa (the experiment for regional sources and sinks of oxidants-EXPRESSO), global lightning data, and the launch of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) will help to identify the relative importance of each of the processes over central Africa that could be responsible for high O3 concentrations over the tropical south Atlantic.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze how to improve the satisfaction and loyalty of Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan (BPJS) health patients in Indonesia based on services in Islamic hospitals, where the service quality was analyzed from a Sharīʿah perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample for this study was 470 Muslim patients from BPJS health, 248 from large Islamic hospitals and 232 from small Islamic hospitals in Central Java, Indonesia. Overall, the respondents were from five large hospitals and five small hospitals. The study used eight service quality variables that were modified from the SERVQUAL, PAKSERV and CARTER models. All the variables used indicators of Sharīʿah principles and tested their effects on satisfaction and loyalty.

Findings
The results of the study showed that the insurance system has been proven to significantly increase the satisfaction and loyalty of BPJS health patients. This means that the efforts of the Indonesian Government to improve the level of health by establishing BPJS can benefit the community. Satisfaction can also be increased through the variables of reliability, empathy and responsiveness, while the loyalty of BPJS Health patients is strongly influenced by satisfaction. The sincerity variable can increase the satisfaction and loyalty of BPJS health patients in small hospitals, but not in large hospitals. On the other hand, the variable of compliance can increase the satisfaction and loyalty of BPJS health patients in large hospitals, but not in small hospitals.

Originality/value
The insurance system implemented in Indonesia can influence the improvement of satisfaction and loyalty. Also, hospitals that are fair in serving patients and that apply amanah (trust), tabligh (responsiveness) and are fast in handling BPJS health patients' complaints are important indicators that need attention from BPJS health and hospitals. These indicators can form variables that can increase satisfaction and loyalty.


Background: Surgery is still the main stay in treatment of gastro-intestinal (GIST) tumors. Laparoscopic resection should be considered in these cases as their biological behavior doesn't require large margins of excision or extensive lymph nodes dissection. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of 15 patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of GIST. We reviewed the demographics of the patients, diagnostic tools, operative details, and post-operative course. Results: The mean age of the patients was 49 years. Fifty three % were males and 47% were females. The main symptoms were abdominal pain, anemia, and nausea and/or vomiting. GIST was in the stomach in 9 patients and in the small intestine in 6 patients. The mean size of gastric GIST was 4.4 cm and the mean size of small intestinal GIST was 4 cm. Laparoscopy was successfully done in 14 patients. Only 1 conversion was needed in gastric GIST to control bleeding from short gastric vessels. No tumor rupture occurred. The mean operative time was 118.4 minutes and margins of excision were negative in all the cases. Fifty three % were very low risk, 27% were low risk, 7% were intermediate risk, and 13% were high risk. Post-operatively, mean time to pass flatus was 1.6 days. Mean time to tolerate full oral intake was 3.8 days. Mean number of narcotic doses was 2.73. Mean length of hospital stay was 4.9 days. One patient had post-operative atelectasis, and 1 patient had superficial umbilical wound infection. During a mean follow up period of 12.6 months, no recurrence or metastasis could be detected. Conclusion: Laparoscopic resection of GIST is a safe and feasible technique that gives the patient all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery without compromising the oncological outcomes.


The Zenford- Ziegler Model ZGD 4000, 12-Spindle, CNC, Gantry-Type, Drilling Machine was designed and developed by Zenford-Ziegler under contract to the State Dockyards, Carrington, Newcastle, NSW. This paper describes the design features of this new machine and its application to high speed drilling of stacked plates for heat exchangers, condensers and similar tubed products for thermal energy equipment.


The discussions reflect in a most interesting way the substance of the report prepared by Miss Eileen Younghusband for the United Nationsl and the American Curriculum study published by the Council on Social Work Education.2 They also reflect the changing functions of social workers. Because of those changing functions, which express changes proceeding at a different tempo in our societies, we face extra difficulties in the planning of the social work curriculum and in discussing the curriculum at an international level.


Measuring energy access through binary indicators is
insufficient, and often, even misleading. In this work, the
SE4ALL global tracking framework, and the recently
introduced ESMAP multi-tier approach, is critically
discussed analyzing questionnaire based primary data from
rural Bangladesh. The performance of different energy
interventions is evaluated using the new tier framework.
The challenges in its application lie in reliable data
collection, adequate gradation of indicators, and an
effective algorithm for the tier assignment based on the
specified set of attributes. The study showcases very high
sensitivities to parameter changes, different algorithms, and data requirements. The results reveal a clear trade-off
between capturing the multi-dimensionality of energy
access and the simplicity of an easy to use global
framework. Suggestions to improve the measuring
approach are made and conclusions are drawn for possible
implications of the tier framework for different energy
service offers in the market. Strengths and weaknesses of
the present measurement scheme are discussed and country
specific results interpreted through targeted gap analysis for future policy advice.


Process for the preparation of a cleaning composition or liquid, packaged and ready wash for use which, at rest, is presented separately in at least two aqueous phases, wherein at least two premixes separated are prepared, in the temperature range of 0C to 40C show no phase separation, these previous mixed together only during or immediately prior to packaging in the packaging container mixtures.


Material and Methods: A case-control prospective hospital based study was done. The control group (350 persons) included patients waiting for cataract surgery, hospital personnel, visitors and accompanying persons, while the cases group (150 persons) comprised of individuals with bacterial conjunctivitis, fungal and bacterial keratitis. Gram and Giemsa staining was performed on all specimens from conjunctival swabs and corneal scrapings. Blood, chocolate and Sabouraud's agars were used to grow the bacteria and fungi. Sensitivity of yielded bacteria was checked against antibiotics using standard sensitivity discs.


Theoretical research of applying magnesium's to ultra clean steel production was carried out.It was shown that deoxidization capacity of Mg is much better than that of Al and Mg can reduce the content of oxygen in steel to much lower level than Al.Experimental results showed that the content of dissolved oxygen in steel can be lower than 1×10-6,at a content of Mg of 10×10-6.For traditional aluminum-killed steel,Ca treatment can be replaced by Mg treatment to decrease the oxygen content in steel further and improve the cleanness of steel.At the same time,MgO formed by Mg deoxidization has a strong capability to enlarge the area of the low melting point oxi-des in the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 ternary phase diagram,making probability of producing liquid non-metallic inclusions composed of CaO,SiO2 and Al2O3 higher.


This study determines the management effectiveness of a performance evaluation system in a national manufacturing organisation. This organisation has developed and implemented a new performance evaluation system. After 3 years since implementation, the effectiveness of the system is determined. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from a systematic sample of both employees and supervisors of the organisation. The results show that the organisation should improve certain aspects of its performance evaluation system, like the documentation of information, training of supervisors and communication of strategy and objectives. JEL L 60, M 51


We address three problems in decision theory, providing more general solutions than previously available. First, we show how to extend a partial preference over a set of gambles to a full preference (weak order) without assuming an Archimedean property. Second, we show how to represent a partial preference as the consensus of a collection of full preferences. Third, we show how to represent a full non-Archimedean preference by a nonstandard utility function. The types of gambles that we consider are of two well-known varieties: (i) real-valued random variables such as those for which de Finetti developed a theory of coherent prevision and (ii) lotteries over general qualitative prizes such as those for which von Neumann, Morgenstern, Anscombe and Aumann produced expected-utility representations. Non-Archimedean preferences arise when some gambles have no fair price. Two common situations give rise to non-Archimedean preferences: gambles whose values are required to be greater than every real number, and strict preferences between gambles whose values differ by more than zero but less than every positive real number. In this paper, we present a common framework in which to deal with both of the above types of gambles. Within that framework, we show (a) how to extend a partial preference over a subset of all gambles of interest, (b) how to represent such a partial preference via a set of weak orders over the full set of gambles, and (c) how to represent non-Archimedean preferences over sets of gambles via nonstandard models of the reals. ∗Corresponding author. Email addresses: firstname.lastname@example.com (Mark J. Schervish), firstname.lastname@example.com (Teddy Seidenfeld), email@example.com (Ruobin Gong), email@example.com (Joseph B. Kadane), firstname.lastname@example.com (Rafael B. Stern) Preprint submitted to Journal of Mathematical Economics May 26, 2020


This paper introduced the way of setting and application in mscomm control. By using a living example, we can know the method of communication between VB and AVR microcontroller.


Indian herbs such as turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and aonla (Emblica officinalis) are good sources of antioxidants. These herbs, as a paste, were incorporated separately at the 10% level into sandesh (a heat-desiccated product of coagulated milk protein mass or chhana, which is analogous to cottage cheese). Their total antioxidative status was assessed in vitro using Randox's method. The antioxidative levels of the various herbs were compared with the synthetic antioxidants TBHQ and BHA: BHT (1:1) at 100 and 200 mg/kg levels. The antioxidative effect of herbal sandesh decreased in the order turmeric > curry leaf > aonla > spinach > coriander leaf. Total antioxidative statuses of herbal sandesh were lower than samples with TBHQ but similar to those with 200 mg/kg BHA: BHT (1:1). The proximate composition of herbal sandesh was comparable with control sandesh. Incorporation of herbs at the level used did not significantly affect the overall acceptability of sandesh. Considering all the findings, it can be concluded that herbal sandesh is a more value-added health food than the control sandesh.


Lorenze Valla was the Italian humanist in the 15th century,famous for his Investigation into the False Donation of Constantine.He wrote to attack the prevalent philosophy of the Roman Catholic Church and was therefore sentenced to death.But he did not die in prison,on the contrary,was promoted and favored by the pope in Rome in his late years.This was chiefly due to the social view of value in the Renaissance and the policy of the Roman Church to develop humanisim.


We use numerical simulations to clarify the mass-velocity and intensity-velocity relations for jet-driven outo ws. The simulated CO proles reproduce the broken power laws observed of molecular outo ws remarkably well, with no need for two distinct entrainment regimes. An analytic model is proposed to explain the exponent ' 1:5 of the underlying smooth mass-velocity relation.


OBJECTIVE
To study the relation between nonsyndromic hearing loss in Chinese and mutations in connexin 26 (Cx 26) gene and to explore the pathogenic mechanism.

METHODS
One hundred and thirty-eight individuals from thirty-five pedigrees with nonsyndromic hearing loss, 99 children with sporadic nonsyndromic hearing loss and 100 normal adults as control were collected in present studies. The Cx 26 coding sequence was screened by single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and analyzed by direct sequencing when SSCP shifts were observed.

RESULTS
Five SSCP shifts in 2 pedigrees were observed. Homozygous deletion C at position 233-235 of Cx 26 cDNA, which resulted in frameshift mutation, was found in 2 pedigrees with nonsyndromic hearing loss.

CONCLUSION
The hot-spot mutations of Cx 26 gene in Chinese with nonsyndromic hearing loss may be different from other ethnic groups. The 233-235 delC homozygous mutation of Cx 26 cDNA can result in autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss in Chinese population.


1 Analysis | July 2017 Both the passing-on presumption and the standing of indirect purchasers to bring an action for damages against cartels, for the passing-on of overcharges, routinely crop up when addressing Directive 2014/104/EU on Antitrust Damages Actions. But, are there no other causal limitations? The recent transposition into Spanish law of the aforementioned directive also seems to posit immediacy between the infringement and the compensable harm.


The wave-vector dependence of the third-order nonlinearity due to the excitonic polaritons in CuCl is microscopically calculated using the Bloch functions at finite wave vectors obtained from the $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{k}}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{p}}$ perturbation method. It is found that in the spatially dispersive region the magnitude of the nonlinearity is not so strongly dependent on the wave vector over the range from less than ${10}^{6}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ (upper-branch polariton) up to ${10}^{7}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ (lower-branch polariton).


The enantiomeric purity of (1R)-1-(1′-naphthyl)ethanol 7 was raised by Horeau's method by separating its oxalate 11 from its diastereoisomer by crystallisation. The alcohol 7 was used to open the anhydride of (3RS,4SR)-3,4-bis[dimethyl(4-methylphenyl)silyl]hexane-1,6-dioic acid with selectivity of 96∶4 for one of the enantiotopic carbonyl groups, allowing the synthesis of (3R,4S)-3,4-bis[dimethyl(4-methylphenyl)silyl]hexane-1,6-dioic acid 6-(2-trimethylsilylethyl) ester 10. This acid was converted into the allylsilane methyl (E)-(3S,4R)-3,4-bis[dimethyl(4-methylphenyl)silyl]-7-(2-methyldioxolan-2-yl)hept-5-enoate 15, the carboxylic acid derived from which underwent epoxidation with unexpected silyl migration to give (3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-bis[dimethyl(4-methylphenyl)silyl]-6-hydroxy-7-(2-methyldioxolan-2-yl)heptano-4-lactone 17. Desilylative elimination and hydrogenation then gave the alcohol (3R,6R)-3-[dimethyl(4-methylphenyl)silyl]-6-hydroxy-7-(2-methyldioxolan-2-yl)heptanoic acid 19, in which the relative and absolute configuration at C-3 and C-6 have been controlled. The relative configuration at C-8 was controlled by anti-selective reduction of a 6-hydroxy-8-ketone using Evans' method, and at C-2 by anti-selective enolate methylation of the β-silyl lactone 20. Silyl-to-hydroxy conversion with retention at C-3 and displacement of the tosylate with inversion at the same centre gave the correct relative and absolute configuration, completing a synthesis of methyl (+)-nonactate 4. The relative configuration at C-8 was controlled in the opposite sense by syn-selective reduction of a 6-hydroxy-8-ketone using Prasad's conditions, and at C-2 in the opposite sense by anti-selective enolate methylation of the open-chain β-silyl ester 22. Silyl-to-hydroxy conversion with retention at C-3 and displacement of the tosylate with inversion at C-6 gave the correct relative and absolute configuration completing a synthesis of the pseudo-enantiomer, benzyl (–)-nonactate 25. Some protecting group changes and coupling of these two fragments gave the "dimers" 28 and 29, coupling of which gave the "tetramer" 30. Ring closure of this material using Yamaguchi's method gave nonactin in 73% yield, substantially better than in any previous synthesis.


Traffic monitoring tasks assigned to the split architecture network switches the set to optimize the whole network traffic monitoring. The assignment of the number of the maximum flow rate to be monitored, and reduce the overhead traffic monitoring. The path of each traffic controller receives a network estimation. The controller for all paths and all switches allow the switch to calculate the number of the sampled flow rate is a maximum sampling points. Response to the request for establishment of a new flow to pass through one of the network path, the controller based on the new traffic to one of the switch means on one of said dispensing located in the path: the path indicated with the switch and one of said sampling points, a memory bandwidth limitations and restrictions.


The M(atrix) theory contains membranes and longitudinal 5-branes (L5-branes) as extended objects. The transverse components of these brane solutions can be described by fuzzy CP (k = 1, 2), where k = 1 corresponds to spherical membranes and k = 2 to L5-branes of CP×S1 world-volume geometry. In addition to these, we show the existence of L7-branes of CP×S1 geometry, introducing extra potentials to the M(atrix) theory Lagrangian. As in the cases of k = 1, 2, these L7-branes (corresponding to k = 3) also break the supersymmetries of M(atrix) theory. The extra potentials are introduced such that the energy of a static L7-brane solution becomes finite in the large N limit. As a consequence, fluctuations from the static L7-branes are suppressed, which effectively describes compactification of M(atrix) theory down to 7 dimensions. We show that one of the extra potentials can be considered as a matrix-valued 7-form. The presence of the 7-form in turn supports a possibility of Freund-Rubin type compactification in M(atrix) theory. Compactification down to fuzzy S is also discussed and a realistic matrix model of M-theory in four dimensions is obtained. Current address: Cereja Technology Co., Ltd. 3-1 Tsutaya-Bldg. 5F, Shimomiyabi-cho Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0822, Japan (email@example.com)


We performed a randomised controlled double‐blinded study of patients having laparoscopic colectomy with bilateral transversus abdominis plane block plus rectus sheath block, comparing a control group receiving 80 ml levobupivacaine 0.2% in saline with a dextran group receiving 80 ml levobupivacaine 0.2% in 8% low‐molecular weight dextran. Twenty‐seven patients were studied in each group. The mean (SD) maximum plasma concentration of levobupivacaine in the control group (1410 (322) ng.ml−1) was higher than the dextran group (1141 (287) ng.ml−1; p = 0.004), and was reached more quickly (50.6 (30.2) min vs 73.2 (24.6) min; p = 0.006). The area under the plasma concentration–time curve from 0 min to 240 min in the control group (229,124 (87,254) ng.min.ml−1) was larger than in the dextran group (172,484 (50,502) ng.min.ml−1; p = 0.007). The median (IQR [range]) of the summated numerical pain rating score at rest during the first postoperative 24 h in the control group (16 (9–20 [3–31]) was higher than in the dextran group (8 (2–11 [0–18]); p = 0.0001). In this study, adding dextran to levobupivacaine decreased the risk of levobupivacaine toxicity while providing better analgesia.


Since China's New-style Rural Cooperative Medical Service was full implemented, it has made great progress, but there are still some faults. The errors of New-style Rural Cooperative Medical Service System mainly exist in followings: First, the linking of voluntary participation and financial subsidies can easily result in reverse transfer-payments. Second, to insure large-loss but not small-loss increased the risk of adverse selection and the difficulty of promotion; third, the financial funds will trigger to cheat funds. The innovation of New-style Rural Cooperative Medical Service Practice in Panyu in Guangzhou will undoubtedly contribute to further development of a new type of rural cooperative medical service


Between 1300 and 900 BCE the regions of Syria and Palestine experienced a series of disruptions and rearrangements, especially in the political scene. Further, the traditionally accepted historiographical view indicates that a radical change in socio-political structures occurred, marking a transition from territorial polities to "national" or ethnic polities. The discussion offered in this paper aims at challenging such a view and observing the fundamental permanence, after the twelfth century crisis, of hierarchical structures based on kinship and patronage; socio-political structures which informed the basic internal and external dynamics of the local kingdoms. Lastly, it is presented a hypothesis concerning the relevance of political attachment and subordination for the creation of ethnic identities in the Iron Age Levant.


A huge amount of online information, rich web resources are highly unstructured and such natural language are not solvable by machine directly. The increased demand to capture opinions of general public about social events, campaigns and sales of the product has led to study of the field opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Opinion refers to extraction of lines in raw data which expresses an opinion. Sentiment analysis identifies polarity of extracted opinions. The major challenge lies in analyzing the sentiments and identifying emotions expressed in texts. This paper presents a survey which covers a problem of sentiment analysis, techniques and methods used for the same.


We report experiments on ellipsoidal micrometre-sized polystyrene particles. The particle aspect ratio (k) varies between about 0.2 and 8. These particles are manipulated in water by means of a moderately focused laser beam. We observe the levitation and the dynamical state of each particle in the laser beam, in bulk water or in contact to an interface (water-glass, water-air, water-oil). In the first part, we show that moderate-k particles are radially trapped with their long axis lying parallel to the beam. Conversely, elongated (k>3) or flattened (k<0.3) ellipsoids never come to rest, and permanently "dance" around the beam, through coupled translation-rotation motions. The dynamics are periodic or irregular (akin to chaos) depending on the particle type and beam characteristics. We propose a 2d model that indeed predicts the bifurcation between static and oscillating states. In the second part, we apply optical levitation to study the transition from total to partial wetting of the particles at the water-air interface. We show that the dynamics of the transition is about independent of particle shape, and mainly governed by the pinning-depinning mechanism of the contact line.


Introduction The emerging role of the libraries as an information professional in the new knowledge dispensation is enhanced by two main challenges. First, the value of information lies in the ability to access and adapt to suit new applications and improve the efficiency of existing systems. Universities are called upon not only to generate new knowledge but also to be able to market the innovations that have been generated out of knowledge transferred and adapted. Since this requires an atmosphere of research, libraries are challenged to provide access to relevant information by applying ICTs to facilitate quick, efficient access, integrate and repackage information for the end-user that will capacitate higher educational institutions to conduct research. Second, the new knowledge economy emphasizes that knowledge from wherever it is produced can be transferred to where it is needed. Library use study as an aspect of users' studies is a vital aid for effective planning and management in academic libraries. Most evaluative studies on library use have always concentrated on students' use of academic libraries ([1]; [2]; [3]; [4];[5]) Though, students are an important part of the set up of academic institutions and perhaps the major users of academic library facilities, nevertheless, the staff of academic institutions, particularly the academic staff also use the library. The need for good libraries in higher institutions of learning cannot be over-emphasized, as the quality of any education depends on the library, not the library as a magnificent building but the use of it. It is important that libraries serving academic communities have the broadest possible collection of books and other essential materials. The academic library is an inexhaustible stone house of knowledge, where one can go at will, unrestricted to help himself to the whole field of knowledge and practical life of the past, present and prognostications for the future. If a library is well stocked and the students know they can find more information than what they are taught, they will use the library maximally. Writing on the importance of academic libraries use studies, [6] observed that studies of use and users are becoming fairly standard in library planning. He attributed this to a changing concept of what constitutes effective service. [7] believes that library use is an important measure of output or services provided by libraries and suggests that it is a possible index by which such measurement can be made. Highlighting the various characteristics of students' library use related to this study is that of [4] who surveyed the use made by students of the facilities at the University of Ilorin. The results showed that while 94.8% of the students use the facilities, only 5.2% have never used them. In the same vein, Nicholson and [8] studied the use of Massachusetts institute of Technology libraries. The result showed the 71.9% of the undergraduates and 52.4% of the graduate students use the library for class preparation. In the case of Pahlave University libraries, [9] showed that the majority of the students have difficulty in locating books and journals articles, but in [10] survey of the reading habits of the students of the University of Tehran, she found that primarily because of deficiencies in the educational system, students do not look at reading as a way of acquiring knowledge or developing character. Another study by [5] surveyed students' use of library, he discovered that students did not use library resources for various reasons, among which are students' ignorance resulting in wrong approaches in using the libraries. For instance, he found that about 69% indicated that they approached the library resources by first going to the shelves instead of the catalogues. [3] studied students' use of library resources at the University of Rhodes Island. The results showed that 60% of the students believed that they are effective seekers and users of library resources, only 40% were not satisfied with their search for resources in that library. …


Preparation and elucidation of structure as well as configuration are described for the following condensation products of 4a-rnethyl-l, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-carba-zolenine (III) with formaldehyde: lα-hydroxymethyl-4a-methyl-l, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro- carbazolenine (IV), 1β-hydroxymethyl-4 a-methyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-carbazolenine (V), 1, 9-methylenoxymethylene-4a-methyl-9a-hydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 9a-hexahydro-carbazol (VI) and 1-methylene-4 a-methyl-l, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-carbazolenine (VII).


The theory of derived input demand under conditions of fixed factor prices is now well established for individual firms. Allen [1] and Mosak [10] derived the properties of factor demand for a perfectly competitive firm, and Ferguson [3] later did so for monopoly. The analysis was further extended to cover the case of inferior factors by Bear [2] and Ferguson [4] and to the relations between factor classification1 and the shifts in long-run cost and output by Ferguson and Saving [7]. Finally, these results have recently been extended to the factor demand functions of a perfectly competitive industry and related to the equilibrium number of competitive firms by Maurice [8; 9]. Despite this sizeable literature, there has been virtually no attempt to relate factor usage to factor price when some or all factor prices are variable to the firm.2 Perhaps the reason is that the results of such attempts appear to be inconclusive. Yet partially inconclusive results are to be expected when it is realized that unique factor demand functions do not exist when factor prices


We describe a pediatric patient with histiocytic sarcoma involving the T6 and L4 vertebral bodies and the lungs. His tumor progressed during chemotherapy designed for Langerhans' cell histiocytosis and sarcoma. High-dose radiation, on the other hand, was effective.


The picking efficiency of warehouses assisted by KIVA robots benefit from exploiting synergy effect between order assignment and picking station scheduling. We treat an integrated optimization which contains both allocating orders and racks to multiple stations and concurrently sequencing their interlinked processing flows at each individual one. The various decisions included in our problem, which are closely associated and must be solved in real time, are often tackled separately for ease of treatment in past. We, however, develop a comprehensive mathematical model under the consideration of the minimum total rack visits. The problem can be proven NP-hard. Consequently, an efficient algorithm based on simulated annealing and dynamic programming is developed. The experimental results show that the proposed approach has more advantage in the light of solution quality as compared with actual rule-based policies. Moreover, the results reveal that ignoring order assignment policy leads to considerable optimality gaps under realistically sized settings.


Abstract The ablation zones of debris-covered glaciers in Himalaya exhibit heterogeneous processes and melt patterns. Although sub-debris melt is measured at ablation stakes, the high variability of debris thickness necessitates distributed melt measurements at the glacier scale. Focusing on Annapurna III Glacier, we used uncrewed aerial system (UAS) photogrammetry to estimate total volume loss and slope-perpendicular glacier melt between May and November 2019 using flow-corrected point clouds. Results indicated the average elevation change was −1.10 ± 0.19 m, while the mean melt was −0.87 m w.e., equating to a mean melt rate of −0.47 cm w.e. d−1. However, the spatial pattern was highly variable due to complex local processes necessitating future study over short intervals. The evaluation of specific areas showed the interplay of debris thickness variability, subseasonal debris redistribution, supraglacial channel reconfiguration and the imprint of relict ice cliffs in leading to contemporary melt rates. Ice cliffs had higher melt distances (mean −3.9 ± 0.19 m) compared to non-cliff areas (mean −0.75 ± 0.19 m) and were the predominant control on the spatial patterns of seasonal melt rates. Crucially, the definition of ice cliff areas from thinning data has a profound impact on derived melt rates and melt enhancement. Our study demonstrates the possibility and utility of deriving fully-distributed slope-perpendicular melt measurements.


Commercial oyster Crassostrea spp. cultivation in intertidal habitats may degrade foraging habitat of waterbirds. Consequently, we compared species abundances, community similarity and diversity of waterbirds using longline oyster culture beds and adjacent control plots on tidal flats of Humboldt Bay, California. Abundances of most species differed significantly between treatments, with seven of 13 shorebirds Charadriiformes and three of four wading birds Ciconiiformes more abundant on longline plots. By contrast, Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola were more abundant on control plots. Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa, Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus and Dunlin Calidris alpina showed mixed results depending on location and Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias were more abundant only on one control plot. Community composition was similar on longline and control plots, although diversity (H′) was greater on longline plots. Varying species' responses to longline techniques may have been associated with interspecific differences in diet and foraging behaviour, and the impacts of longlines and oyster-harvesting on prey distribution. Overall, longlines did not negatively affect the foraging behaviour of most species, but the underlying causes for increased bird use may lead to impacts on other trophic levels and over a longer temporal scale.


Optical analysis and design of the anti-reflection coating for organic solar cells Shigeru Kubota, Kensaku Kanomata, Katsuaki Momiyama, Takahiko Suzuki, Fumihiko Hirose Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510 Japan Abstract We developed a practical design method for antireflection coatings for organic solar cells. In this analysis, after the user set the layer number and each optical properties of refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k), the system automatically offers the optimized solution for the best short circuit current density in the solar cell and quasi-optimized solutions. This analysis allows for the evaluation of effects of thickness deviation for each layer on the power generation performance. We studied, for comparison, the cases where the refractive index of the materials used in antireflection coatings is optimized, and also examined the effects of the position of the antireflection coatings, within the solar cells, on their performance. Keyword Organic solar cells, Antireflection coating, System optimization, Robust design method


On the surface, Karim Akouche's latest novel appears to be autobiographical, and it indeed is, though the author, when the question is put to him publicly, does not admit to it. Underneath the stor...


In this paper high-order triangular elements are implemented in the framework of the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method for the analysis of large strain consolidation problems in geomechanics. The theory of consolidation, as well as details of the high-order elements, including cubic (10noded), quartic (15-noded), quantic (21-noded) and sextic (28-noded) elements are discussed. The accuracy and the efficiency of high-order elements in the analysis of consolidation problems are demonstrated by conducting a small deformation analysis of the soil under a strip footing as well as a large deformation analysis of a vertical cut subjected to a surcharge loading. Based on the numerical results, it is shown that high-order elements not only improve the accuracy of the solution but can also significantly decrease the required computational time. It is also demonstrated that assuming identical order for displacement shape functions and the pore water pressure shape functions does not affect the stability of the time-marching analysis of consolidation nor the accuracy of the numerical predictions.


Vocational education in Australia has been rapidly developed since 1970s.The Causes of its rapid development are as following : to attach great importance to vocational education system ;to accelerate the reform of vocational education , take various actions on it and reinforce the government overall planning and macro-control;to form the idea of vocational education on one's own ability, import competition system and build the market system;to adopt various and flexible ways of school-running system;to invest much on vocational education frequently and raise money on it from several channels ;to take the construction on vocational education staff seriously .


The magnetic properties of Fe/sub 2/Ti and Fe/sub 2/Zr, intermetallic compounds with Laves-type structures, are studied using the techniques of neutron diffraction and nuclear resonance fluorescence (Mossbauer effect). Both compounds are ferromagnetic, with magnetic moments of 0.35 and 2.56 Bohr magnetons respectively at room temperature, and 0.92 and 3.12 Bohr magnetons respectively at liquid helium temperature. A magnetic form factor for the iron atoms in Fe/sub 2/Zr is determined, The nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments give measures of the magnetic fields at the iron nuclei. At room temperature, the field for Fe/sub 2/Zr is 190 plus or minus 10 kgauss, while that for Fe/sub 2/Ti is less than 5 kgauss. The relation between the atomic magnetic moments and the magnetic fields at the nuclei is discussed. (auth)


Cup‐shaped lipoprotein structures at the cell plasma membrane called 'porosomes' are involved in the regulated fractional release of intravesicular contents from cells during secretion. Porosomes enable secretion from cells with exquisite precision, involving membrane fusion and secretory vesicle volume regulation. Porosomes from a number of secretory cells including neurons have been isolated, their composition determined, and they have been functionally reconstituted it in artificial lipid membrane. The dynamics and high‐resolution structure of porosomes in several cell types have been determined using a variety of approaches, including atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, and X‐ray solution scattering. In the current study, the proteome of the immunoisolated porosome complex in mouse insulinoma Min6 cells was determined using mass spectrometry, demonstrating among other proteins, the presence of 30 core proteins including the heat shock protein Hsp90. Half maximal inhibition of Hsp90 using the specific inhibitor 17‐Demethoxy‐17‐(2‐prophenylamino)geldanamycin, results in the loss of proteins, including the calcium‐transporting ATPase type 2C and the potassium channel subfamily K member 2 from the Min6 porosome. This loss of porosome proteins is reflected in the inhibition of glucose stimulated insulin release from Min6 cells exposed to the Hsp90 specific inhibitor. Results from the study implicate Hsp90 in the assembly and function of the insulin‐secreting porosome.


This document reports the results of sixteen experiments of bolted slip-critical connections with fillers. Fifteen of the connections used oversized holes and one connection used standard holes to establish a baseline comparison. Such connections with oversized holes are commonly fabricated for use with structures such as long-span trusses, since the use of oversized holes allows erection in-place rather than first assessing fit-up on the ground. Filler plates are used to connect members of different depths or widths. The Specification for Structural Steel Buildings of the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC, 2005) currently requires connections with oversized holes to be designed as slip-critical at what is termed the "required strength level," for which a resistance factor (LRFD) φ of 0.85 and a safety factor Ω (ASD) of 1.76 are specified. These slip strengths are typically below values that had been used for years in the Specification for Structural Steel Buildings: Allowable Stress Design and Plastic Design (AISC, 1989). In addition, when fillers are used in these connections, the AISC (2005) provisions do not require changes in the strength calculations, whereas if standard holes are used, options are provided for connection design that include reduction of the bolt shear strength or development of the connection. The sixteen experiments reported herein highlight the behavior of bolted steel connections with oversized holes in which fillers are included and are undeveloped, partially developed, or fully developed. Both single-ply and two-ply filler are investigated, as are welded fillers, and specimens fabricated using either turn-of-the-nut or tension-controlled bolts. Extensive instrumentation was used on the specimens to document the flow of forces through the connection. The results document the slip and shear strengths of these connections, propose formulas for assessing these strengths for the different conditions investigated, provide revised recommendations for design of these types of connections, and include suggestions for further work.


In order to maintain an adequate safety level in a substation, resistivity of the surface layer must be estimated in situ and during a sufficiently long period of time to take into account the various effects of the climatic conditions. The purpose of the surface layer is to keep the exposure to touch and step voltages to a safe value for a person standing inside or near a substation yard. Conventional techniques are not suitable to achieve resistivity measurements especially for a thin layer of soil. In view of this, a new two-point technique has been proposed which allows semi-continuous measurement of the resistivity of a specific volume of soil. Results have been shown to demonstrate the effect of climatic conditions over the resistivity of a thin surface layer.<<ETX>>


Summary Four phases of design software development in a control system research and development environment are described. The first phase consists of developing software to meet the needs of specific projects. The second phase is the formation of a common user s library or federation of routines. The remaining two phases are developments of packages. One of these packages meets the need for simpljcity in performing common design tasks The. other package meets the need for performing experimental research tasks The role of three major factors that influence these developments is also discussed These factors are control technology computer technology, and convenience of usage.


Classification for high-dimensional remotely sensed data generally requires a large set of data samples and enormous processing time, particularly for hyperspectral image data. In this paper, the authors present a fast two-stage classification method composed of a band selection (BS) algorithm with feature extraction/selection (FSE) followed by a recursive maximum likelihood classifier (MLC). The first stage is to develop a BS algorithm coupled with FSE for data dimensionality reduction. The second stage is to design a fast recursive MLC (RMLC) so as to achieve computational efficiency. The experimental results show that the proposed recursive MLC, in conjunction with BS and FSE, reduces computing time significantly by a factor ranging from 30 to 145, as compared to the conventional MLC.


This article presents the results of a study on the introduction of the inquiry process in science and technology in an elementary school in Quebec. A professional learning community was created to facilitate the implementation of this approach. The three dimensions of the professional learning community, that is to say, cognitive, emotional and ideological, were pooled with the eight principles characterizing the winning conditions of teachers professional development. Restraining and facilitating conditions that affect the implementation of this inquiry-based approach will be presented for each of the eight principles. ð ð


Total household debt balances increased by $192 billion in the second quarter of 2019, boosted primarily by a $162 billion gain in mortgage installment balances, according to the latest Quarterly Report on Household Debt and Credit from the New York Fed?s Center for Microeconomic Data (the mortgage installment balances exclude home equity lines of credit, which are reported separately and have been declining in balance for some time). The new mortgage total of $9.4trillion is slightly higher than the previous high in mortgage balances from the third quarter of 2008 in nominal terms.


○cc This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective: The purpose of this research was to analyze the on-road driving performance of normal subjects for operating the foot operated steering devices in the virtual driving simulator.


As results of experimental investigation of elastic-plastic deformation of the metals (Cu,Ni,Fe, aluminium alloy D16) with various grain size (20 -f200 (im) the violation of the Hall-Petch relation at pulse duration of 80 ns was found. The increment of the Hugoniot's and microhardness under increment of the grain size was observed. The reason of the such material behavior under shock loading was determined by measurement of elastic waves velocities along two axes before loading and after it. The main mechanism of plastic flow is rotational for specimen with grain of 20 jim and twinning for the coarsegrained specimen. In this way plastic flow is determined by various deformation structural scales, depending on correlation of characteristic scales, were ~ 10 (im for the fine-grained specimen and apparently ~ 10 nm for the coarse-grained specimen. Apparently the appearance of the rotational modes of plastic flow is stipulated by the twinning process under high grain boundaries density in the fine grained specimen. This determines the transition from one structural level of deformation to another one with an essentially larger scale.


"Island of the Bibliobits" is a short game, in which students aged 7-9 are tasked with rescuing the Bibliobits.
The Bibliobits are small digital friends of the library who got lost in the children's library. Each Bibliobit is found at its favorite genre of library material: Fantasy books, comics, movies, board games etc.
The Bibliobits are revealed through augmented reality, and the students have to bring them back to their island. This fun quest gives the students an engaging introduction to the library.


ing, benign tumors, accounting for 0.2 to 1% of all intracranial tumors and 0.8 to 8% of intracranial schwannomas.9,11,14,18,20,21,23 These rare lesions are treated primarily surgically.3,9,11,14,18–21,23 With the advent of microsurgery and skull base surgery, various surgical approaches have improved patient outcomes, and complete resection is possible in most cases. Nevertheless, their awkward location and adherence to vital vascular and neural structures means that considerable morbidity may still be associated with complete resection.3,9,14,18–23 As an alternative to resection, GKS has been performed for patients with intracranial schwannomas to minimize treatment-related morbidity and achieve long-term tumor growth control.5,8,12,16,17 In this report, we describe our experience with 56 patients with trigeminal schwannomas treated by GKS during an 8-year period.


The history of read-only memories in telephone and digital-computer systems is briefly surveyed and their similarity to logic circuits demonstrated by reference to the diode matrix. A description is given of the principles of operation and important characteristics of the following types of read-only memory: capacitor matrix, mutual-inductance matrix, transformer (Dimond ring) type, square-loop ferrite-core matrix, permanent-magnet twistor matrix, flying-spot store and electroluminescent matrix. These memories are briefly compared.


Managing water is like trying to hit a moving target, and adaptive management of water resources is increasingly recognized as an important research field. Many variables impinge on the sociobiophysical water system, and they trigger complex responses due to nonlinear relations and thresholds that may suddenly push the system into another state. Simple (mental or numerical) models are inadequate to predict system response. More refined approaches are required, and adaptive management is one such promising approach.


The article shows that the use of a pneumohydraulic braking energy recovery system is a promising way to improve both new cars and various used vehicles operated in urban conditions.

Keywords
analysis; efficiency; patent; vehicle; wheel; braking; acceleration


The embodiment of the invention discloses an information prompt method and a mobile terminal, and relates to the technical field of communication, which aims to improve the user experience of users on the mobile terminal. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring an electric quantity surplus service time parameter of a battery of the mobile terminal; acquiring the surplus service time of the battery according to the electric quantity surplus service time parameter; and prompting the surplus service time of the battery. The embodiment of the invention is mainly used for various mobile terminals.


Irradiation of the metal nanoparticles causes local plasmon resonance in a specific wavelength band, which can improve the absorption and scattering properties of a structure. Since noble metal nanoparticles have better resonance effects than those of other metals, it is easy to identify plasmonic reactions and this is advantageous to find the optical tendency. Compared to having a particle gap or randomly arranged particle structures, densely and evenly packed structures can exhibit more uniform optical properties. Using the uniform properties, the structure can be applied to optical filtering applications. Therefore, in this paper, validation tests about metal nanoparticles and thin film structures are conducted for more accurate analysis. The optical properties of monolayer and bilayer noble metal nanoparticle structures with different diameters, packed in a uniform array, are investigated and their optical trends are analyzed. In addition, a thin film structure under identical conditions as metal nanoparticle structure is evaluated to confirm the improved optical characteristics.


No other prolific species affects Earth as Homo sapiens does, still there is reluctance to consider H. sapiens as an invasive species. We assess the biological invasiveness of the species by reviewing multidisciplinary evidence ranging from molecular and medical studies, to land-use and historical data. H. sapiens shares more than 15 characteristics and processes enlisted in literature for (other) invasive species. Population fragments of H. sapiens: (1) got out of their original habitat and geographic range with the help of humans. (2) Escaped pathogens and natural enemies by colonizing areas where such enemies were absent. (3) Outbalanced risks of endogamy and high mortality in its new habitats by means of repeated immigration. (4) Affect the outcome of wild species-species interactions. (5) Exclude other species by means of competition and predation. (6) Alter the non-biotic environment, e.g., by establishing monocultures, mines, and cities. (7) Produce large bulks of both artificial and biodegradable waste. (8) Generate global change, e.g., by altering the atmosphere and the hydrosphere. (9) Cause mass extinction of species, and permanently threaten life on Earth by an atomic disaster. (10) Damage other humans by polluting the air necessary for breathing, direct murder, and even slavery. Biologist may convince humans to change their behavior by adding H. sapiens to the list of invasive species. PALABRAS CLAVES;


The present invention relates to emitting a circularly polarized wave by using a circular waveguide feed horn type with a dielectric circular polarized wave dielectric horn parabolic antenna. The antenna of the invention, a parabola-shaped main reflector to the electrical conductor; The circular waveguide type feed horn attached to the front center of the main reflector; A plate-shaped reflector unit associated with the horn copying machine of a dielectric rod in a circular waveguide aperture horn type feed; And is connected to the circular waveguide at the back of the main reflector and a polar riser for converting the circular polarized wave at the time of the reception, it converts the linear polarization to circular polarization upon transmission to the linear polarization. And it is possible to reduce the present invention, the dielectric rod for shielding the part reflector by tightening also the addition section reflector by reducing the circular waveguide type feed horn diameter by a dielectric rod, the dielectric constant in the horn copying machine through, according to the side lobe radiation pattern is also adjacent to improve It can reduce the interference in the service area. Circular polarized wave, a dielectric, a parabolic antenna, a dielectric rod, polar riser, reflector unit


This paper demonstrates the design and implementation of Equiripple linear-phase FIR lowpass filter. The filter is modeled using Simulink in Xilinx System Generator. The filter Coefficients are generated with the help of FDA tools, and the System Generator tool is used for RTL code generation. Further the model is used as a filter block to interface with ADC-DAC block in VHDL. The design has been prototyped on Spartan-3 DSP prototype board XC3S500fg320 using Integrated Synthesis Environment (ISE) 13.1 tools all in one design suit from Xilinx. Finally the filters are tested by using an audio signal as input and the output is observed in CRO & speaker both.


Cloud Computing is a paradigm where users (both end users and developers) are provided with a technology infrastructure (the so called "Cloud") to utilise for their needs. Such infrastructure normally includes, at minimum, a set of machines, but, normally also programming environments (such as Google App Engine) and services (e.g., Hotmail). Todaym Clouds are normally provided by large webbased companies, who have acquired large sets of computing resources for their primary business (e.g., Google), and are re-selling these, expanding into a new market.


Feeding experiments with tadpoles indicate that a number of substances may increase growth and sometimes slightly hasten development. This is, however, not comparable with the specific effect on growth and metamorphosis caused by thyroid feeding. Of twenty-three human prostates (normal and diseased) and two commercial preparations (ram and bullock) none gave evidence which could be interpreted as a specific effect on the growth or metamorphosis of frog larvae. The effects produced by lymph gland, boiled liver, fresh liver, cracker dust, brewer9s yeast, (desiccated) illustrates the disturbing factors in this biological test for thyroid which must be eliminated, as far as possible, by control observations.


Dielectric structures composed of many inclusions that manipulate light in ways the bulk materials cannot are commonly seen in the field of metamaterials. In these structures, each inclusion depends on a set of parameters such as size and orientation, which are difficult to ascertain. We propose and implement an optimization-based approach for designing such metamaterials in two dimensions by using a fast boundary element method and a multiple-scattering solver for a given set of parameters. This approach provides the backbone of an automated process for the design and analysis of metamaterials that does not rely on analytical approximations. We demonstrate the validity of our approach with simulations that converge to optimal parameter values and result in substantially better performance.


Density increase by pellet injection into magnetically confined plasmas is an interesting subject from the point of view of the transport problem. Ablation process of the pellet is analyzed by the shielded neutral ablation model developed by Milora and Foster. A self-limiting ablation process is also taken into account to find a particle deposition profile. It is shown that optimization of both the pellet size and velocity according to plasma parameters of the target plasma is required to increase density efficiently.The particle deposition profile is coupled with the numerical code to study the transport process in a tokamak and a heliotron. The pellet injection into an ohmically heated plasma of ISX-B tokamak is studied by our code and good agreement between the numerical results and the experimental data is obtained.Pelet injection into a currentless NBI heated plasma of Heliotron E is studied and time evolutions of density, temperature and pressure profiles are demonstrated. When beta value increases by the pellet injection, MHD stability against the pressure-driven mode becomes an important criterion to determine the pellet size and velocity. In other words the pressure profile can be controlled by the pellet injection.


Topic: Characterization of Non-Conductive or Charging Materials by Microbeam Analysis The goal of this topical conference is to present the state of the art for materials characterization of non-conductive or charging materials using microbeam analysis. Examples of charging materials include polymeric materials, ceramic materials, and photoresist materials in the microelectronic industry. Also, the characterization of biological specimens will be covered because they are prone to problems related to charging. These materials are of great technological importance and their characterization is still a great challenge because they charge when analyzed with an electron beam. The techniques of microbeam analysis that will be considered are: X-ray Microanalysis in the Electron Microprobe, Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy, Analytical Electron Microscopy with Field Emission Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Focused Ion Beam Milling for specimen preparation. World experts will present papers on these topics. Papers from this topical conference will be published in a special issue of Microscopy & Microanalysis.


Summary.In 1991, after a suitable elective laparoscopic training, we pursued the use of laparoscopic technique to increase applications of minimally invasive surgery in many emergencies. Emergency minimally invasive procedures have been performed in 149 patients, without intra- or postoperative major drawbacks, Laparoscopic conversions occurred in 10 patients (6.7%). Three patients (2%) developed postoperative complications which needed re-operation for residual pelvic abscess. Indications for the laparoscopic approach included acute cholecystitis, unknown acute abdominal pain, questionable acute appendicitis or gynaecological diseases, adhesions with small bowel obstruction, perforated peptic ulcers, abdominal trauma with good haemodynamic conditions. In addition, small bowel resection, excision of Meckel's diverticulum and colostomy have been achieved in a laparoscopically assisted manner. In poorly characterized abdominal disease laparoscopy helps to define the correct diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary o...


Introduction. "...the term social management best describes how Japanese bureaucrats and private groups themselves envisioned their task throughout the twentieth century." (Garon, 1997: 6) These tasks rather than being seen in the light of controlling the populace and their activities were an attempt to regulate and manage. Prostitution and the sex industry can be seen as examples of this desire to regulate rather than to control or prohibit (Garon 1997). The ofncially sanctioned sex industry in Japan has and continues to be one of the most lucrative and successful trades in the country. This essay will examine how past and present Japanese governments have used prostitution; whether as a social management policy, or a form of regulation to reinforce various ideological beliefs and to support institutions.


In a prospective, randomized trial, 104 consecutive patients with displaced femoral neck fractures were allocated either to fixation with a sliding screw plate or 4 ASIF cancellous bone screws. The patients were reexamined at fixed intervals to determine the time of union. The 2-year-cumulated rate of union was 64 per cent in the plate group and 84 per cent in the screw group.


1. Introduction: the nature and possibility of empirical psychology 2. Kant's empirical account of human action 3. Kant's empirical account of human cognition 4. Kant's empirical account of moral motivation: respect for the moral law 5. Kant's empirical markers for moral responsibility 6. Defects of cognition: prejudice and mental disorder 7. Defects of volition: affects, passions, and weakness of will 8. Conclusion Appendix: charts and tables describing Kant's empirical psychology.


Heart donation after donor brain death from cardiac arrest despite successful resuscitation may be associated with worse recipient outcomes due to potential graft ischemia or underlying rhythmic/structural defects. However, selected grafts from such donors often have normal cardiac function and anatomy. We investigated whether a cardiovascular mechanism of donor brain death (CV‐DBD) was associated with worse recipient outcomes.


Objective:To compare the positive rate and its coincidence with biopsy of HE staining-Pap's classification and Pap's staining-The Bethesda System(TBS).Methods:HE staining-Pap's classification were used to examine 4005 smears from January to June in 2001, while 2947 smears from April to August in 2002 were screened by Pap's staining-TBS. Meanwhile the abnormal cases were finally diagnosed by histopathology.Results:The positive rate of Pap's staining-TBS (5.29%) were significantly higher than that of traditional Pap's classification(0.32%)( P 0.05).The coincidence with biopsy of Pap'sstaining-TBS (81.2%) was significantly higher than that of traditional Pap's classification(54.5%).Conclusion:Pap's staining-TBS may serve as a useful method for screening high-risk group of carvical carcinoma which can offer higher positive rate and more biopsies.


Although autocorrelation techniques have demonstrated femtosecond time resolution from the infrared to the ultraviolet wavelength region, the streak camera is still the fastest broadband x-ray/xuv detector. This is due to the difficulty of using x-ray nonlinear optical effects for correlation techniques over a broad wavelength range. [1] The fastest x-ray streak camera measurement to date was demonstrated to be ≈ 2ps, and was limited both by the streak camera itself, and by the x-ray source.[2,3] Up to now, X-ray pulses from laser-produced plasmas have been use for streak camera calibration. However, such pulses are far from ideal because their duration can be comparable to the resolution of the camera being testted. For this work, we use high-harmonics from a 25fs laser[4] to successfully calibrate a newly-developed x-ray streak camera.


The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Confucian concepts of feelings, especially paternalism and favoritism, on organisational culture in current Korean higher education. The writer used a descriptive analysis method through a cross-cultural approach to defend this study systematically. The influence of paternalism and favoritism on institutional organisational culture are evident in the following: the absence of criticism is one of shortcomings in colleges and universities; factionalism rooted in family ties, regional relations, and school ties becomes an obstacle to the exchanging of scholarly knowledge as well as of academic information among universities, schools, departments, and faculty members; favoritism based on interpersonal ties and selfish feelings is another problematic practice; egoistic scholarship and worship of foreign knowledge are also problematic; and finally, a closed organisational culture is another dilemma in Korean higher education.


Objectives: To assess blood pressure lowering efficacy and safety of dual combination compared to monotherapy for initial treatment of high blood pressure in adults. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched for randomised, double-blind trials comparing dual combinations to monotherapy as initial blood pressure lowering treatment in people with systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg, either untreated or ≥4 weeks of washout of previous blood pressure lowering therapy, and with a minimum treatment duration of ≥4 weeks. Two reviewers performed trial eligibility assessment, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment independently. Treatments were grouped by the number of standard doses of blood pressure lowering drugs used in the combination. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects inverse variance model. Results: Nineteen trials (5692 patients) were included in the meta-analysis, mean age 52 years, and baseline mean blood pressure was 155/100 mmHg. Most trials had low risk of bias. Blood pressure reductions and withdrawals due to adverse events presented in Table 1. There was no difference in incidence of dizziness.


A general numerical approach is presented which is capable of predicting both the steady and unsteady heave response of a tethered subsea unit during deployment from a floating support vessel. A transformation is proposed to cope with the moving boundary. The examples given here focus on the subsea unit motion and the tension in the umbilical cable which have direct applications to subsea intervention activities.


The following contribution should demonstrate the role of space in Sessanta racconti by Dino Buzzati. The short introduction presents the author and his possible liaison with the fantastic stream of Italian literature of 20th century. The following part analyzes Buzzati's cathegory of space in general, with the focus on the contrast between open and close spaces. Next part will concentrate on the connection between the gradual deterioration and destruction of the countryside and the increase of the fantastic tendencies in the narration progress. In the last paragraph we will focus on Buzzati's esclusive topos, that of mountains, and its connection with the author's childhood and the temporal duality, in the dependence of Jung's theory of preconscious and postconscious nature of human being. The conclusion will summarize all above and we will try to characterize the connection between space and fantastic in the works of Dino Buzzati.