In this paper, we discuss metacognition against a backdrop of 21st century traversals, where learners are constantly moving and interacting across different contexts. We describe how learners' traversals are underpinned by triadic coupling relationships between self, social others, and cultural resources. Drawing our observations from contemporary contextual spaces of online games, we articulate how a situated and embodied form of metacognition pivots the dialectics of the aforementioned coupling relationships. Introduction work on metacognition has historically been situated within individual, cognitive-constructive activity (Winne, 1997) that places focus on individual characteristics such as self-efficacy, goal setting, and achievement. In a globalized learning landscape afforded by new technologies, the ability to engage in metacognition and reflective dispositions remains much desired skills for learners as they traverse across information laden and socially rich environments—learners are constantly engaged in co-appropriation of knowledge, as their individual actions impact the collective learning of their social communities. This intertwining relationship between individual performances and the emergence and regulation of social communities represents the central focus of our research. At the individual level of analysis, we are concerned with learners' metacognition as they make meaning and self-regulate learning in the context of social communities. At the collective level, we posit that the role of metacognition is central within the emergence of social communities. Within this flux of interactivity, concepts of play and learning become increasingly intertwined as new genres of interactive spaces, such as the massively multi participant worlds of World of Warcraft (WoW), afford players with novel and unique opportunities for learning. Implicit to this interplay, we posit that the role of metacognition is critical for the successful enactment of self- and socio-regulation. We argue for a pedagogical shift from individual constructivist perspectives of metacognition to a contextually- cognized framing of metacognition within the context of 21st century literacies. Metacognition within interactive spaces of learning Situating our research within the contextual space of WoW, we conducted a case study on four youth game players between the ages of 14-18 studying in local educational institutions. We focused on unpacking the ways by which these game players create, negotiate, and reproduce the social realities of their multispatial experiences within the contexts of their respective social spaces through constructs of cognition and metacognition. In-game chat logs were captured using a third-party game add-on called ChatLogger while enactment frames and videos were captured via Fraps. Textual data was then analyzed in terms of the level of discourse as evidenced by sets of chat utterances on specific topics, for example, focusing on strategy talk regarding best approaches to in-game problems or talk as evidence of critical reflection. In-depth interviews were supplemented with field notes from the first author's participant-observer sessions to corroborate informant's logged texts and game enactments. Metacognizing in context Arising from our study, findings indicate that situatedness of metacognition is key within the process of finding an affordance fit in managing or regulating one's fluency of experience and performance-in-action (thus embodied). For it is when one's intramental epistemic structures and knowledge encounters a breakdown within novel social contextual nuances that metacognition or the ability to engage in situated higher order thinking is critical in managing the tension between individual performances and the collective. In the course of problem solving processes, metacognition comes into fore when one's current thinking and strategies fail. At such a breakdown stage, learners may have to unlearn and relearn new strategies and skills in order to cope with new contexts. In this sense, a new, situative view of metacognition pervades traditionally construal of "thinking about thinking" in its mentalistic, Cartesian form. Instead, such a perspective has a strong coupling relationship with the process of coming to recognize one's shortcomings in a particular context both in terms of thinking and embodied performance and regulating (including perseverance) towards fluency in that new and novel situation. Figure 1 explicates this relational perspective, of metacognition as achieving "fits" between self, others, and cultural resources.


We must begin talking about the ethnic, social, and regional background of a patient-e.g, black, Polish, Jewish, Appalachian-and the implications for his care, or planning will be irrelevant, as it so often is at this time. There are no new concepts in this book. Its worth is the fact that many concepts have been brought together in meaningful perspective. I shall utilize it in my inservice education program. GLORIA D. BIGHAM


The usefulness of this relation for the study of large deviations was observed by F. Esscher. Following his ideas, H. Cram6r2 derived a limit theorem for sums of identically distributed variables, and W. Feller3 extended this result to variable distributions.1 Here {Xn} is a given sequence, and the triangular array is of the form Xkn = Xk/8n. It was shown that if for a monotone sequence I Zn1 |Xnj < #18n/Zn, Zn co (6) where 0< , < 1/12, then PIS?, > zj [1 91(z.)] exp[-Pn(zn)I] (7) 1224


The study has established a continuing beneficial impact of electromagnetic treatments on seeds of Bulgarian peppers variety Kurtovska kapia 1 after 365 days storage to sowing at a voltage between the electrodes U=6 kV and duration of impact τ = 35 s. The germinating energy and laboratory germination increase compared to that of the control seeds of 4.6 to 5.2%.


Conformational changes have been studied in intramolecular polymer-polymer complexes (intraPC) of graft copolymers of poly(acrylamide) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-g-PAA) with various numbers of grafts (4-42) per molecule as a function of temperature and copolymer concentration. It is shown that the magnitude of conformational change depends on the grafts content while the temperature range over which the conformation changes occur is essentially determined by copolymer concentration. The conformational changes are reversible on heating and cooling.


Nanowire-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide is an extremely simple structure that can be naturally formed by directly dropping a dielectric cylinder onto a metallic substrate. However, despite the substantial emphasis devoted to its hybrid plasmonic counterparts, this waveguiding structure has been paid little attention to so far. Here in this paper, through comprehensive numerical analysis, we reveal that such a configuration can be leveraged to achieve deep-subwavelength field confinement with mode area more than one order of magnitude smaller than that of the conventional hybrid waveguide, while maintaining a moderate attenuation with propagation distance over tens of microns. Two-dimensional parameter mapping concerning physical dimension, shape and material of the nanowire as well as the refractive index of the cladding has disclosed the wide-range existence nature of this plasmonic mode and the feasibility to further balance its confinement and loss.


The expression pattern of angiotensin (Ang) II type 2 receptor (AT 2-R) in the remodeling process of human left ventricles (LVs) remains poorly defined. We analyzed its expression at protein, mRNA, and cellular levels using autopsy, biopsy, or operation LV samples from patients with failing hearts caused by acute (AMI) or old (OMI) myocardial infarction and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and also examined functional biochemical responses of failing hearts to Ang II. In autopsy samples from the nonfailing heart group, the ratio of AT 1-R and AT2-R was 59% and 41%, respectively. The expression of AT 2-R was markedly increased in DCM hearts at protein (3.5-fold) and mRNA (3.1-fold) levels compared with AMI or OMI. AT 1-R protein and mRNA levels in AMI hearts showed 1.5and 2.1-fold increases, respectively, whereas in OMI and DCM hearts, AT 1-R expression was significantly downregulated. AT1-R–mediated response in inositol phosphate production was significantly attenuated in LV homogenate from failing hearts compared with nonfailing hearts. AT 2-R sites were highly localized in the interstitial region in either nonfailing or failing heart, whereas AT 1-R was evenly distributed over myocardium at lower densities. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation by Ang II was significantly decreased in fibroblast compartment from the failing hearts, and pretreatment with AT 2-R antagonist caused an additional significant increase in Ang II–induced MAPK activity (36%). Cardiac hypertrophy suggested by atrial and brain natriuretic peptide levels was comparably increased in OMI and DCM, whereas accumulation of matrix proteins such as collagen type 1 and fibronectin was much more prominent in DCM than in OMI. These findings demonstrate that (1) AT 2-R expression is upregulated in failing hearts, and fibroblasts present in the interstitial regions are the major cell type responsible for its expression, (2) AT2-R present in the fibroblasts exerts an inhibitory effect on Ang II–induced mitogen signals, and (3) AT1-R in atrial and LV tissues was downregulated during chronic heart failure, and AT 1-R–mediated functional biochemical responsiveness was decreased in the failing hearts. Thus, the expression level of AT 2-R is likely determined by the extent of interstitial fibrosis associated with heart failure, and the expression and function of AT 1-R and AT2-R are differentially regulated in failing human hearts. (Circ Res. 1998;83:1035–1046.)


Though recommendation systems have been widely used for websites to generate new recommendations based on like-minded users' preferences, IEEE Internet Computing points out that current system can not meet the real large-scale e-commerce demands, and has some weakness such as low precision and slow reaction. Huge personalized data are the key to successfully give a new recommendation, but they are difficultly dealt with for they are massive with high dimensional; addressing such problems, the paper suggests to use multi-layer feed-forward neural networks (MFNN) system based on case intelligence to partition massive personalized data into the most similar groups. The subsequent experiment indicates that our system model is constructive and understandable, and our algorithm can decrease the complexity of ANN algorithm, for which the system performance can be guaranteed.


Fuel cells primarily use hydrogen as the fuel. This hydrogen must be produced from other fuels such as natural gas or methanol. The fuel processor requirements are affected by the fuel to be converted, the type of fuel cell to be supplied, and the fuel cell application. The conventional fuel processing technology has been reexamined to determine how it must be adapted for use in demanding applications such as transportation. The two major fuel conversion processes are steam reforming and partial oxidation reforming. The former is established practice for stationary applications; the latter offers certain advantages for mobile systems and is presently in various stages of development. This paper discusses these fuel processing technologies and the more recent developments for fuel cell systems used in transportation. The need for new materials in fuels processing, particularly in the area of reforming catalysis and hydrogen purification, is discussed.


This article is the introduction to the James Alfred Loader Dedication. It consists of a tribute to Professor Loader's academic contribution to Old Testament, Middle-Eastern religio-literary studies and the Rabbinical background of the Old- and New Testament. The article is modelled after the tribute published in German in the annual publication of the Evangelisch-Theologische Fakultat Wien (Vienna, Austria) due to the honorary doctorate conferred on Professor Loader by the University of Pretoria (South Africa) in 2009. The tribute is combined with a comprehensive curriculum vitae, in part written in German, Afrikaans and English, and consisting of referencing Professor Loader's personal data, his role as minister of religion, his academic awards, participation in scholarly societies, professional academic positions, academic reviewing, editorial activity, presentation of academic papers and a list of publications.


The Fulongguan Paleolithic site in Yunxian, Hubei Province is located on the fourth terrace of the mid-upper Hanshui River. The stratigraphy of the Fulongguan site (from top to bottom) is divided into four distinct layers including red clay, yellow clay, white fine sand, and brown gravel. Mammalian fossils and stone artifacts are found in situ in the white fine sand. Mammalian fossils include Hystrix subcrstata, Cuon javanicus, Ursus thibetamus, Arctonyx collaris, Paguma larvata, Stegodon orientalis, Tapirus sinensis, Rhinoceros sinensis, Sus lyddekeri, Rusa yunnanensis, Naemorhedus goral, Bubalus sp and so on. The Fulongguan faunas belong to the Ailuropoda-Stegodon group. Stone artifacts include cores, flakes, and tools such as scrapers, choppers, and picks, with the latter two tools representing very important types at the site. The geological age of the site is comparable to the "Yun-xian man"site, and is attributed to the upper Lower Pleistocene. The lithic culture is attributed to the pebble stone tradition of the Changjiang River.


Taking the circulation date of the library of Xinjiang Agriculture University as the example,this paper makes the analysis on the utilization rate of the library card and the average book-borrowing times of the students of Xinjiang Agriculture University,probes into the differences among the students of different departments and among the undergraduates,postgraduates and doctor candidates in book-borrowing,and finds the varying regularity of the utilization rate of the library card and the average borrowing times of different reader groups in the course of book-borrowing,and puts forward some suggestions on library's collection direction and application.


General ground color yellowish white to semihyaline, markings red or orange. Vertex with semblance of three white spots more or less surrounded with red or orange bands. Pronotum with rather short triangular median spot, not touching either margin. Usual angular spot back of each eye. Scutellum with tip red, basal angles yellow outlined on two sides with red. Clavi with usual basal anchor-shaped mark and angular mark before tip. Coria with spot on costa midway between costal plaque and humeral angle, angulate vitta at anterior end of plaque, rectangular spot opposite middle of plaque, two spots at posterior end and blotch before base of cell M4. Cross-veins red. Black spot in base of cell M4. Tips of tegmen more or less dusky. Venter stramineous more or less tinged with pink.


In this work, a GaN-based multiple quantum well (MQW) sample has a much higher IQE although it has a stronger non-radiative recombination. Through experimental verification, the higher IQE is attributed to the suppressed carrier leakage mechanism, which is normally neglected under optical excitation. To achieve a more reasonable IQE expression in a GaN MQW structure, leakage factor m is introduced into the ABC-models. Meanwhile, by analyzing the Arrhenius fitting of the plot of IQE-temperature and leakage factor m, the key temperature and excitation power turning on the carrier leakage mechanism was roughly determined to be below 220 K and 10 mW, respectively. Such a low turn-on temperature and excitation power indicates a much easier carrier leakage mechanism in GaN-based MQW, which may be caused by the small effective electron mass of InGaN (0.11–0.22 m*) and the narrow thickness of quantum well via the model calculation of energy band structure via simulation software LASTIP. Moreover, higher IQE can be achieved by suppressing the carrier leakage mechanism via structural optimization (such as electron block layer) in GaN-based MQW.


This paper presents a new numerical a1 gori thm for the solution of 1 arge-order eigenproblems typically encountered in 1 inear elastic finite element systems. The architecture of parallel processing is utilized in the algorithm to achieve increased speed and efficiency of calculations. The a1 gori thm is based on the frontal technique for the solution of linear simultaneous e quations and the modified subspace eigenanalysi s method for the solution of the eigenproblem. Assembly, el imination and back-substi tution of degrees of freedom are performed concurrently, using a number of fronts. All fronts converge to and diverge from a predefined global front during el imination and back-substi tution, respectively In the meantime, reduction of the stiffness and mass matrices required by the modified subspace method can be completed during the convergence/dive rgence cycle and an estimate of the required ei genpai rs obtained. Successive cycles of convergence and divergence are repeated unti 1 the desi red accuracy of calculations is achieved. The advantages of this new algorithm in parallel computer architecture are discussed. Key factors are identified to assist in successful implementation of the algori thin and realization of its potential benefit in speeding up the a nalysis of large finite element systems. Nomenclature


A common design for the Track-Finding processor of the CMS Level-1 muon trigger is specified which is applicable to the barrel, endcap, and overlap regions of the muon system. The trigger regions are segmented such that a processor receives no more than about 500 input signals. The processor is designed to have the ability to perform full three-dimensional track-finding.


THE migration movements of birds very early excited the attention and curiosity of men. Various have been the myths and fanciful theories that have arisen to explain where the birds go, and what urges them to come and go. When considered from the modern, scientific point of view, there are several angles to the problem. One may ask where they go, how they go or guide themselves, and what urges them to go. These are all separate and legitimate aspects of those wonderful seasonal movements of the birds we have termed migration, but they are not equally simple in their solution. Where the birds gQ in their autumnal movement to pass the winter has profoundly interested men from the earliest times. There was a time when it was believed they flewiv to the moon, and Cotton Mather (1714 and 1731), of New England, went so far as to put himself on record. Speaking of the disappearance of the wild pigeons, lie believed they repaired "to some undiscovered satellite, accompanying the earth at a near distance. " The moon appeared a little too distant, it would seem, so his satellite theory was invented to make the nmigrating journeys a little more probable. There was a time not so far back when men and even good scientists of their day were convinced that swallows buried themnselves in the mud of ponds and lakes, or even hibernated


At the height of their classical period, the Ottomans drew the regional landscape indoors, making West Asian flowers the symbols of their most coveted objects. By the mid-sixteenth century, they had synthesized a great stylistic and horticultural inheritance from across the arid Anatolian and Iranian Plateaus in the production of a new imperial identity. Ironically, this unified cultural expression benefitted from the transnational artistic exchange that took place at the naḳḳāşḫāne (kārḫāne-i naḳḳāşān, the imperial court workshop) in the first half of the sixteenth century following the immigration of many highly trained artisans from Iran. At almost the same time, some of the uniquely Ottoman decorative style's featured blossoms were first introduced and popularized in Northern Europe as exotic bulbs. And in a similar period of state-building a century onward, France's own proto-imperial floral decorative style emerged in the wake of 'Anti-Italianism'. Here, too, the production of knowledge required to produce luxury goods with the quality and quantity of the Italians or Ottomans was largely based on the influx of foreign actors and materials - as well as their manipulation through the state's mercantilist agenda. This essay posits court ateliers as spaces of artistic knowledge-production that depend on the exchange of cultural expertise at the scale of the artisan to generate new floral styles at the scale of empire. Thus, taking a comparative approach, it focuses on parallel patterns of development in the Ottoman Empire and France - both in terms of the formation of a unified political entity and the associated production of a stylistic identity. At the heart of this comparative analysis is what weaves the two stories together: the celebration and popularization of flowers through silk.


A local fractional equation is established for fractal heat transfer in silk cocoon hierarchy, and the local fractional variational iteration method is adopted to solve the equation analytically. The result can well explain the intriguing phenomenon for pupa's survival at extremes of weather from negative 40 degrees to 50 degrees.


Simple Summary In natural conditions, before the onset of farrowing, sows build a nest mainly to protect piglets from adverse weather conditions and predators. In modern commercial farms nest-building behaviour is limited, because, during the period of nest building, sows are confined in a farrowing crate. This has a negative effect on sow welfare. Recently, the concept of temporary crating has been introduced to achieve a compromise between the needs of the sow and her piglets. According to this concept, sows could be kept out of the crate at the time of prenatal nest-building behaviour and after the critical period of piglets' life. In this study, we developed a method to monitor sows' behaviour on the basis of accelerometer data. The developed monitoring method provides the following two types of alarms: A "first-stage" alarm that indicates the beginning of nest-building behaviour, with a median of 8 h 51 min before the onset of farrowing and a "second-stage" alarm that indicates the end of nest-building behaviour with a median of 2 h 3 min before the onset of farrowing. On the basis of these two types of alarms a farmer can make a decision when to provide adequate nest-building material and when to confine a sow in a crate for protection of the piglets' welfare. Abstract One way to reduce the negative impact of farrowing crates on sow welfare is to limit confinement of sows from the onset of farrowing until the end of the critical period of piglets' life a few days after farrowing. In order to provide an indication of the time when sows should be confined in crates, ear tag-based acceleration data was modeled to provide the following two types of alarms: A "first-stage" alarm that indicates the beginning of nest-building behaviour, and a "second-stage" alarm that indicates the ending of the nest-building behaviour. In total, 53 sows were included in the experiment. Each sow had an ear tag with an accelerometer sensor mounted on the ear. Acceleration data were modeled with the Kalman filtering and fixed interval smoothing (KALMSMO) algorithm. It was possible to predict farrowing on the basis of increased activity in the validation dataset with a median of 8 h 51 min before the onset of farrowing. Alarms that indicated the need for confinement of the sow in a crate were generated with a median of 2 h 3 min before the onset of farrowing. These results suggest that the developed model should be sufficient to provide early warning of approaching farrowing and secondary alarm indicating the need to confine a sow in a crate.


: Skull base inverted papilloma (IP) is a rare case of Sino nasal tumor. The complex anatomy of the facial and bones of the skull as well as clinical presentations of the malignancy makes diagnosis of the condition difficult. However, the tumor has high potency for recurring in addition to malignant degeneration. In a case study of a 59-year old male, medical investigations involving nasal endoscopy examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans are important in identifying the TUMORS of skull base inverted papilloma. Certainly, signs and symptoms of skull base IP are nasal obstructions, headache, low vision, epistasis, loss of smell and sinusitis. The modern medical imaging has initiated the development of efficiency and safety choice of surgical approaches in the treatment of skull base IP. Evidently, NASAL endoscopic surgery involving resection of the Sino nasal tumors have been considered gold standards in the treatment of skull base IP. The approach is less invasive as it does not involve incision of the skull and facial bones. Besides, endoscopy techniques are associated with less pain, reduced tumor manipulation, fewer rates of recurrence and improved cosmetic outcomes. However, the effectiveness of the technique is ascertained in patient follow-ups between 1 and 11 months.


The present invention provides a layered settlement of soil measuring apparatus comprising three parts of the model tank, sedimentation measuring assembly and pressing device for the mold box cube structure open at the top, settling measuring assembly includes a base, positioning bar, tube and settling Motion detector. Settling tube diameter sizes, different heights, with two guide rails positioned on the inner wall of the pipe diameter engraved settling tube, positioning slide embedded balls. Sensor cartridge connecting rod fitted in the positioning sensor, the pointer overlaps the L-shaped sheet, the wire connected to the PC. More settling tube having an outer diameter from small to large are sequentially set into the main pole, wherein the depth of the settling tube is determined in accordance with the height of the soil measured. Soil pressure is transmitted through the hydraulic pump, each of which soil layered settlement data collected by the PC. Sedimentation measuring apparatus of the present invention to achieve a measure of soil subsidence hole multi-point measurement can be layered settlement good soil is very suitable for indoor model tank tests.


This study is aimed at assessing the
hydrochemical implications of mining activities on
the quality of the groundwater resources in Kusa
Mining Hill, Ijero Ekiti in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Water
samples were taken from five mining pits within
the mining site. Physicochemical parameters
examined were pH, electrical conductivity, total
dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO),
etc. The results indicate Mg>Ca>Na>K. Chloride
is the dominant anions among bicarbonate, sulphate and nitrate. Heavy metals which include Copper, Zinc and Iron were present at a trace level. Results show that the water were within the standards approved by WHO and NAFDAC which makes the water accepted for domestic, agricultural and industrial use, although bacteriological analysis and treatment may be required to remove odor and color. The research highlights the danger associated with unregulated mining act and related diseases that accompany this practice.


Table-5.9 Type of Family 102 Table-5.10 Type of Family of Respondents and Fathers 103 Table-5.11 Nativity of Respondents 104 Table-5.12 Caste and Occupational Class at Working Place 105 Table-5.13 Caste of the Respondents 107 Table-5.14 Types of Schooling of Fathers and Respondents 109 Table-5.15 Educational level of Respondents 110 Table-5.16 Educational level of Respondent's Spouse 111 Table-5.17 Educational level of Respondent's Fathers 112 Table-5.18 Educational level of Respondent's Mothers 113 Table-5.19 Educational level of Respondents and their Fathers 114


Arginine (Arg) has immunological roles via the nitric oxide (NO) production. Our aim is to compare Arg‐enriched enteral nutrition (EN) effects to a standard one in inflammatory markers in an endotoxemic diabetic and obese rat model.


In stark contrast to foldable proteins with a unique folded state, intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs) persist in perpetually disordered ensembles. Yet an IDP ensemble has conformational features-even when averaged-that are specific to its sequence. In fact, subtle changes in an IDP sequence can modulate its conformational features and its function. Recent advances in theoretical physics reveal a set of elegant mathematical expressions that describe the intricate relationships among IDP sequences, their ensemble conformations, and the regulation of their biological functions. These equations also describe the molecular properties of IDP sequences that predict similarities and dissimilarities in their functions and facilitate classification of sequences by function, an unmet challenge to traditional bioinformatics. These physical sequence-patterning metrics offer a promising new avenue for advancing synthetic biology at a time when multiple novel functional modes mediated by IDPs are emerging. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biophysics, Volume 51 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


Due to recent data explosion, scientists invest most of their efforts in the collection of data needed for research. In this paper, we address the community-driven data curation system which is essential to enhancing data understandability and reusability, thereby reducing the efforts for data collection. The curation system focuses on the interlinking between data and their related literatures to capture and organize the associations among research output. The system also focuses on domain-specific contextual information to help users understand data. A global research group in protein study has adopted the system to build a community-driven curated database and established a guideline for scientific discovery.


This article introduced the wireless sensor network's definition and the structure, in view of the route, the energy, the cross level design and the security and so on the wireless sensor network's key question, have analyzed the domestic and foreign research development present situation, had pointed out further researches and develops the direction, and summarized the wireless sensor network model application.


Cyber security management of systems in the cyberspace has been a challenging problem for both practitioners and the research community. Their proprietary nature along with the complexity renders traditional approaches rather insufficient and creating the need for the adoption of a holistic point of view. This paper draws upon the principles theory game in order to present a novel systemic approach towards cyber security management, taking into account the complex inter-dependencies and providing cost-efficient defense solutions.


Interlaced binary BCH codes are described for multiple-burst-error correction for the UNICON 690 laser memory. Other multiple-burst-error-correcting codes, such as Reed-Solomon codes and Product codes, are also briefly mentioned. In particular, an interlaced (31, 21) t = 2 BCH code is selected as an outer code for UNICON double-burst-error correction. This code is shortened to (26,16) and interlaced to degree X = 16. Decoding is implemented by table lookup. This method not only avoids all computations in GF(2(exp 5)), it also offers a decoding time of less than 1 ps. The inner code is an existing (80,64) Fire code capable of correcting a single-burst error of length b less than or equal to 6.


Does the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in Spar Aerospace call into question the jurisprudence suggesting a uniform constitutional foundation for the law of judicial jurisdiction or does it capture the unique nature of Canadian federalism?


AbstractThe study of the effect of several variables affecting the determination of E-modulus by flexure was undertaken in order to remove the inadequacy of the testing procedure, and to gain a more intimate knowledge of their significance. The diameter, span-depth ratio, heat treatment, porosity, bulk density etc. affect the values of E-modulus considerably. The span-depth ratio is an important factor and should be between 20 and 25 to 1 for such determinations. E-modulus of kaolin, sillimanite, alumina, and zircon have been obtained by such flexural methods and they compare favourably when due consideration is paid to the variables studied in this investigation.


We explore the techniques, cross sections, and expected signal significance for detecting invisible and almost invisible particles at CERN {ital e}{sup +}{ital e}{sup {minus}} collider LEP2 and the NLC (next linear {ital e}{sup +}{ital e}{sup {minus}} collider) by means of a hard photon tag. Examples from supersymmetry include the lightest chargino and second lightest neutralino when their masses are nearly the same as that of the lightest neutralino [the LSP (lightest supersymmetric particle)], and invisibly decaying sneutrinos. The importance of particular features of the detectors is discussed. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


The invention discloses a cleaning method and device for a channel of a valve body inner cavity. The cleaning method for the channel of the valve body inner cavity comprises, firstly, connecting an outlet end of the channel of the valve body inner cavity with an opening and closing device through a pipeline and enabling the powering on and the powering off of the opening and closing device to be controlled through a pressure sensing device; secondly, communicating an inlet end of the channel of the valve body inner cavity with a high pressure cleaning fluid source or a high pressure air source and enabling a pressure sensing end of the pressure sensing device to be capable of sensing pressure in the channel of the valve body inner cavity. When the pressure of the channel of the valve body inner cavity is larger than a pressure value set by the pressure sensing device, the opening and closing device is opened, a strong cleaning fluid flow or air flow can be formed in the channel of the valve body inner cavity to burst out of a channel outlet and carry away sewage inside the valve body inner cavity. According to cleaning method and device for the channel of the valve body inner cavity, by means of pulse type high-pressure cleaning, the aim of cleaning the channel of the valve body inner cavity can be achieved. The cleaning method and device for the channel of the valve body inner cavity has the advantages of being high in cleaning efficiency, good in cleaning effect, simple in structure and convenient to operate. The cleaning method and device for the channel of the valve body inner cavity is particularly applicable to cleaning air brake control valves used in existing railway vehicles.


During the past few years, two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have emerged as the most fundamental building blocks of a wide variety of optoelectronic devices. The weak van der Waals (vdW) interlayer forces allow the 2D monolayers to isolate and restack into arbitrary stacking heterojunctions. The recently developed chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique shows great promise for the production of large domain building blocks of 2D heterostructures with vertical and lateral stacking and much better device performance. This review is the first of its kind to discuss the research progress of flexible FETs based on graphene/semiconductor heterostructures, in which graphene acts as both electrode and semiconductor material.


The distribution characteristics and interannual variation of vegetation in Shenyang city from 2001 to 2011 were analyzed according to vegetation index products MOD13A3 from MODIS.The results showed that the vegetation density increased gradually from the city center to the periphery,and the overall trend of vegetation variation in whole city was degraded from 2001 to 2011.The vegetation around the outskirt of town were degraded slightly or seriously in different regions and at different periods,and the vegetation in the town and in the periphery areas of Shenyang were gradually ameliorated more or less.The natural factors had certain influence on vegetation variation,but the main effect was still from the influence of artificial factors including urban expansion and urban greening.


In pursuit of a wireless (contactless) power line communications (W-PLC) system for low voltage (LV) power distribution networks, a commonly utilized bundled low voltage electrical cable called Cabtyre, was energized with a range of frequencies up to 3 GHz. The intention was to characterize the cable from a radio frequency radiation perspective for the utilization of standard low voltage distribution cables as antennas in ultra high frequency (UHF) PLC systems. The range of test frequencies extends 550 MHz beyond the present IEEE 802.11g protocol which has a centre frequency of 2.45 GHz and a 80 MHz total bandwidth. The applied tests therefore allow adequately for the maximum bandwidth required with 40 MHz modulation on either side of the 2.45 GHz centre frequency, [1].


Substation sequential operation is introduced,and the requirement of primary equipment and secondary equipment for substation sequential operation reconstructing is analyzed in this paper.With a practical example of substation sequential operation reconstructing for Changsha power grid,the technology basic,design and system structure for substation sequential operation are investigated.The substation work efficiency is great enhanced,and the cost is reduced effectively.The example can be a reference for other substation sequential operation reconstructing.


The complex, ever growing and changing environment, requires that today's organizations are dynamic and willing to change in order to stand competitive.
This awareness has made change number one priority in almost all organizations' agenda.
We live in a world that is constantly changing, yet many organizations fail to change successfully. When a change occurs in complex environments with multiple stakeholders, it immediately increases the complexity and the challenges of the change process.
A complex situation may arise when, for example, partial outsourcing of the corporate information system infrastructure. Two of the most difficult challenges that organizations face today is to conduct a successful change process and managing the effect of a change, such as arising expectations. It is very common for change in an organization not to achieve the desired result or that they even fail. There may be a lot of reasons for these failures. Some common reasons are that the change is not sufficiently rooted in the organization and that there is too low a level of acceptance among those concerned. In addition to the great challenge to achieve a good acceptance, it is also a challenge to maintain or increase the acceptance level after a change has been implemented. There are studies conducted that evident that over time the acceptance dies if it is not properly maintained. Previous studies have focused on the creation or increasing of acceptance in a change process, therefore the goal of this study is to examine what expectations arise in an outsourcing context and how they can be managed optimally. The main question is: What factors influence the stakeholders' expectations in outsourcing? According to the study's findings that the expectations are different depending on whether you are a customer or supplier. Supplier's expectations are more self-focused while the customer has more expectations on the environment and the supplier. Like the management of change, it is important to achieve a common understanding of vision and, individuals 'and organizations' expectations of cooperation. Unrealistic expectations are common and are often based in a lack of experience and knowledge of change.


Abstract We, the Editors and Publisher of World Futures, have retracted the following article: Tony Stevenson, 'Ziauddin Sardar: Explaining Islam to the West', World Futures, 2021 DOI 10.1080/02604027.2021.1976034 The article was not original research and had already been published in Profiles in Courage: Political Actors and Ideas in Contemporary Asia, editors, Gloria Davies, JV D'Cruz and Nathan Hollier, Australian Scholarly Publishing, Melbourne, 2008. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as "Retracted".


This paper presents the results of wave regime hydrophysical characteristics calculations in the area of the accumulative shore of the Tsimlyansky reservoir northwestern part. Wave hydrodynamics model based on 3D mathematical model that includes three Navier-Stokes motion equations, the continuity equations for an incompressible fluid was used. The discretization of the hydrodynamic equations was performed using the pressure correction method. Numerical algorithms and the software package implementing them are used to determine the pressure field, the water medium velocity vector field and to plot the pressure a given section of the reservoir water area. The results of the study can be used in the study of hydrophysical processes, assessment of the hydrodynamic impact on the formation of the coast-line and the bottom relief of large plaintype reservoirs in the Southern Russia.


A rigid motion correction technique is applied to both PET and CT data from the Siemens mCT PET/CT scanner. Motion was applied to a Hoffman brain phantom during both the CT and PET scans, as well as between them. The motion data, which was tracked by an external motion tracker, was used to correct the motion corrupted tomographic data during reconstruction. The motion corrected CT reconstruction was used for attenuation correction in the PET reconstruction. The subsequent reconstructions are compared to scans taken without motion to show the effectiveness of the motion correction.


Purpose Investigation of cataract frequencies, yellow discoloration and light scattering profiles in the lenses of a subset of nuns from the Irish Nun Eye Study (INES) correlated to age and outdoor activity.


WHEN Sir James Paget z6 described the disease that bears his name, he referred to certain clinical signs and symptoms that developed in the areola of the breast. He suspected that the process could occur elsewhere, but did not mention the characteristic cell of the disease. As case reports of this disease have accumulated and the histopathology has been described, extramammary sites have been reported. A recent study by Helwig and Graham 8 reviews medical l i terature concerning anogenital Paget's disease and provides a comprehensive report of 40 cases. In virtually all patients, the skin lesion caused itching, ulceration, exfoliation, or eczematoid changes. This report pertains to a patient with Paget's disease of the anus, who had no symptoms, and in whom the disease persisted after removal of a polypoid adenocarcinoma of the rectum.


Modes of fabricating filtering materials from powders and granules of refractory compounds were worked out: carbides of titanium, niobium, and chromium, titanium nitride, and zirconium boride. The bending strength, porosity, and permeability of the resulting filtering materials were investigated. (auth)


Understanding the spatial and temporal foraging patterns of pollinators is essential to conserving these organisms in human-modified landscapes, such as agroecosystems (Cranmer et al. 2011). Particularly, understanding foraging fidelity (i.e., returns to a particular plant species or area) is crucial for providing supportive habitats. Numerous approaches have been used to discern the movement and foraging of individual bees (reviewed by Mola & Williams 2019), ranging from highly technological to more traditional methods like mark-release-recapture experiments. While mark-recapture experiments are often hampered by low recapture rates, density dependence, and logistical constraints (Mola and Williams 2019), they can help us understand short-term local movement patterns (Dorchin et al. 2013) and fidelity (Ogilvie and Thomson 2016) of highly mobile organisms like bees.


Epidemiological evidence implicates diets rich in fruits and vegetables in breast cancer prevention due to their phytochemical components, yet mechanisms for their anti‐tumor activities are not well‐understood. A small population of mammary epithelial cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSC), may be responsible for initiating and sustaining tumor development. To evaluate dietary components that selectively target CSC and thus, provide mammary tumor protection, we utilized the estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive MCF‐7 and ER‐negative MDA‐MB231 human breast cancer cell lines. Within 5 days of culture, both cell lines formed mammospheres at a frequency (1–2%) consistent with a subset of the cell population exhibiting stem cell‐like characteristics. The soy isoflavone genistein dose‐dependently decreased (40 nM > 2 μM) mammosphere numbers from both cell lines, relative to medium alone. A mixture of phenolic acids that include hippuric acid, ferrulic acid and 3‐hydroxycinnamic acid, based on concentrations found in sera of rats fed diets containing 10% blueberry similarly inhibited mammosphere formation in MDA‐MB231 but not in MCF‐7 cells. By contrast, leptin and interleukin‐6 had no activity in these cells. Results suggest that dietary factors may selectively target ER‐positive and ER‐negative cancer cells with stem‐like properties in the prevention of breast cancer. [USDA‐CRIS; Department of Defense BCRP]


Based on the theory of the intellectual property rights(IPR)to high-tech products' export competitiveness,we focus on the effect of three different areas' IPR of China to high-tech products' export competitiveness by using the panel data of high-tech industry from 2002 to 2012in Chinese provinces,adopting the HL method.By estimating Chinese IPR and analyzing the panel data of eastern area,middle area and western area,we find that the IPR of eastern area,middle area and western area have the significant positive effect on the export competitiveness of high-tech products,but eastern area's IPR has the most significant positive effect.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Studies about stroke in Saudi Arabia are limited. This retrospective study aims to determine the clinical characteristics of Saudi patients with heart failure (HF) with and without subsequent stroke, and also to find out whether gender differences exist in the presentation of HF patients who had stroke. DESIGN AND SETTINGS Retrospective study done at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2002–2008. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 293 patient (151 males, 142 females) charts from 2002–2008 were reviewed at KAMC. These charts were from Saudi patients who were diagnosed with HF, with and without subsequent stroke. Demographics, HF characteristics, stroke risk factors, and metabolic characteristics were noted and analyzed. RESULTS No difference was observed in HF characteristics and stroke risk factors among HF patients with and without subsequent stroke. In terms of metabolic profile, those who had stroke had significantly higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL)--cholesterol levels as compared to those without (P=.03). Stratification to gender and adjusting for age and risk factors revealed that significantly higher LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels were observed in female stroke patients (P values .02, .028, respectively) and significantly higher blood urea nitrogen levels were observed in male stroke patients (P=.04) as compared to their counterparts who never had a stroke. CONCLUSION The gender differences in the metabolic presentation of Saudi HF patients with stroke warrant further clinical investigation. Atherogenic dyslipidemia and renal insufficiency are suggested to be early predictors for stroke and should be closely monitored in Saudi HF patients.


With cigarette geometrical features, an algorithm for cigarette image segmentation and counting based on mathematics morphology is designed. It applies morphological filter to suppress various noise for binary image, classify the geometrical features for single tagged region, and use different structure elements to open the region. Single cigarette can be distinguished before its dilation and after its erosion. In the whole morphological processing, feature coding is introduced to turn morphological operations into bit-level binary operation units. The regions in binary image are converted into integer collection as a region descriptor application on single cigarette recognition.


Objective
To investigate the effects of different doses of triperygium wilfordii polyglucoside (TWP) on the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway in rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods
A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were seleted. DN rats model were established by high-glucose and high fat diet, in combination with streptozotocin injection from tail vein. DN rats were divided into diabetic normal control group (DNC group, n=8), low dose of TWP group(L-TWP group, 3 mg·kg-1·d-1, n=8) group, median dose of TWP group(M-TWP group, 6 mg·kg-1·d-1, n=8), and high dose of TWP group (H-TWP group, 9 mg·kg-1·d-1, n=10) according to the random number table method. Ten healthy rats were used as control group. After 8 weeks of intervention, body weight(BW), kidney weight/body weight(KW/BW), urine microalbumin(UMA), blood glucose, liver function and renal function were examined. HE staining was used to observe the changes of kidney morphology. Immunohistochemical method, q-PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze the location and expression level of nuclear factor-κB, intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and interleukin-6(IL-6). The effects of different doses of TWP on the expression of nuclear factor-κB, ICAM-1 and IL-6 in rats with DN.

Results
TWP therapy decreased UMA but did not affect BW, KW/BW, liver function and renal function. TWP also down-regulated the expression of nuclear factor-κB, ICAM-1, IL-6 mRNA (tNuclear factor-κB=8.89-16.88, tICAM-1=9.56-11.67, tIL-6=10.16-25.78, all P<0.05) as well as the protein level (tNuclear factor-κB=9.87-17.38, tICAM-1=8.54-16.95, tIL-6=9.76-20.18, all P<0.05) in dose-dependent manner; the effects were robust in L-TWP and H-TWP group (all P<0.05).

Conclusion
TWP suppresses inflammatory signaling pathways of nuclear factor-κB in a dose-dependent manner.

Key words:
Triperygium wilfordii polyglucoside; Diabetic nephropathy; Nuclear factor-κB; Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; Interleukin-6


By taking ways of summarizing douments, investigating and analyzing statistics in nine east coastal cities, the author has spent one year making an investigation and researching groups with different ages,sexes,educational background,occupation,and those who take part in or don't take part in public music sports.At present it is urgent to quicken the speed of building community sports facilites and sports director troop.


Proteases have attracted a great deal in the industry because of its function and due to their broad range of applications in industries industries. Nutritional factors are known to affect the production of microbial enzymes Optimization of protease must be done to increases the production. Without optimization the production of protease will, be low. Optimization of the growth conditions for maximum protease production was carried out using the bacteria LK11. The bacterium produced protease rot ease at maximum rate after 24 hours of incubation at 40°C and 4% (v/v) inoculum size. In order to enhance the production of protease, the effects of major medium ingredients, such as carbon source, nitrogen sources, inorganic nitrogen source, amino acid source and metal ions, on the production of the enzyme were investigated. The best carbon and organic nitrogen sources for this bacterium were fructose and yeast extract. While the most effective inorganic nitrogen and amino acid sources were ammonium sulphate and glycine. Meanwhile addition of all metal sources reduced the protease activity. The combination of fructose, yeast extract, glycine and ammonium sulphate produce the highest protease activity that is 237 U/ml.


Wild ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) is a tall rhizomatous herb that invades forests and shrubland fragments in northern New Zealand. In order to determine the impacts of this invasive weed on forest processes, comparisons of conifer-broadleaved forest patches with different densities of ginger were made at Opononi and Whangarei in Northland. Soil properties, vegetation structure, floristics, and seed rain were recorded. Annual litterfall biomass and chemical composition were measured. There were no significant differences between soils under forest with sparse ( 50% cover) ginger. A sparse subcanopy layer and fewer saplings were common factors in ginger plots. Forest canopy litterfall (c. 6.8 t ha -1 yr -1 ) and total N (45.1-56.2 kg ha -1 yr -1 ) were similar in plots with sparse or dense ginger. Species richness of adult trees and seedfall richness varied little. In contrast, seedling density and richness were lower in dense ginger stands and seedling composition was dominated by species with large (> 200 mg) seeds, i.e. Corynocarpus laevigatus, Dysoxylum spectabile and Rhopalostylis sapida. These seedlings may produce a different forest canopy from that currently found in areas where ginger is sparse.


Spruce wood was pre-extracted, decayed with the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium to a 20% loss in lignin content, and then extracted successively with solvents of increasing polarity pet. ether, Chloroform, acetone, methanol, and aqueous dioxane). The methanol extract (0.5% of the decayed wood) was divided into acid and phenol fractions, and these fürt her into high and low molecular weight components. The low niolecular weight acid fraction was examined by high performance liquid chromatography and, after acetylation and methylation, by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The following compounds were identified: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), vanillic acid (2), isovanülic acid (3),veratricacid (4), 4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphthalic acid (7), m-hemipinic acid (8), dehydrodivanillic acid (9), and 2'-hydroxy-2,3'-dimethoxydiphenylether-4,5'-dicarboxylic acid (10). 4-Hydroxy-3methoxymandelic acid (11) was also tentatively identified. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 8, and 9 were the most abundant. Vanillic acid (2), homovanillic acid, and acetovanillone were 4-O-methylated by ligninolytic cultures of Ph. chrysosporium, with methionine serving äs methyl donor. Thus compounds 4, 6, and 8 (and possibly 3),containing 4-0-methylgroups, probably arose via fungal methylation. Resultsestablish than lignin is degraded by white-rot fungi in part via low molecular weight aromatic acids, formation of which involves Ca-C0 side chain cleavage with Ca oxidation.


Software piracy is a world wide-spreading crime. In 1997,losses
faced by the software industry due to software piracy were estimated around
US$11.4 billion. Different measures and methods have been taken to prevent the
problem; one of them is by using an anti-piracy device. An anti-piracy device is
being referred as a hardware that was purposely designed to prevent unauthorized
access to a particular software. As a result only the authorized copy of software can
be use4 this will decrease the piracy rate. So far, the commercial products mentioned
in the project are mainly developed by foreign countries. I hope the project will
encourage more efforts in protecting Malaysian intellectual property that will also
help in realizing our vision in the Multimedia Super Corridor.


Heteroepitaxial growth remains as one of the continuously growing interests, because the heterogeneous crystallization on different substrates is a common feature in the fabrication processes of many semiconductor materials and devices, such as molecular beam epitaxy, pulsed laser deposition, sputtering, chemical bath deposition, chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal synthesis, vapor phase transport and so on [1,2]. By using the R.F. sputtering system, ZnO thin films were deposited on graphene 4 and 6 mono layers, which is grown on 400 nm and 600 nm SiO2 substrates, respectively. The ZnO thin layer was deposited at various temperatures by using a ZnO target. In this experimental, the working power and pressure were 3×10 Torr and 50 W, respectively. The base pressure of the chamber was kept at a pressure around 10 Torr by using a turbo molecular pump. The oxygen and argon gas flows were controlled around 5 and 10 sccm by using a mass flow controller system, respectively. The structural properties of the samples were analyzed by XRD measurement. The film surface and carrier concentration were analyzed by an atomic force microscope and Hall measurement system. The surface morphologies were observed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM).


The requirement of low impedances in most integrated circuits is solved through the use of straight stubs, treating them as one-dimensional structures.

The inadequacy of that approach can be overcome by adopting a complete modal theory—and the corresponding synthesis tools—developed to characterize those electromagnetic aspects deriving from the "planarity" of the structure.

The simulations performed adopting both commercial CAD packages and the modal approach have been compared with some experiments and the need for a better characterization for the presently available cross-junction element models has been pointed out.


e16162 Background: Despite the use of new immunotherapies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor survival rate. Through multiple molecular mechanisms, aspirin (ASA) has demonstrated a reduced incidence of HCC, however, the impact of long-term aspirin use on in-hospital outcomes has not been studied. Methods: We queried the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2016 to 2020 to identify patients with HCC. Patients were stratified into two groups, based on long-term aspirin use. Information was collected regarding patient demographics, Elixhauser comorbidities, interventions, etiology and decompensations of the liver disease. Outcomes studied included sepsis, shock, acute kidney injury, ICU admission, and in-hospital mortality. The association between long-term aspirin use and outcomes was studied using multivariate analysis. Results: 224,735 patients were included in the study. Of them, 18,835 (8.4%) patients were on long-term aspirin. The majority of the patients with ASA use were White (61.3%), men (78.2%), and aged > 65 years old (68.8%). Patients in the ASA group had a higher incidence of NASH and decreased rates of hepatic decompensation than those not on ASA. Patients with aspirin use had lower incidence of sepsis (2.76% vs 3.54%), shock (4.86% vs 8.23%), AKI (30.9% vs 33.4%), ICU admission (3.88% vs 7.4%) and in-hospital mortality (5.18% vs 9.87%). After adjusting for confounding factors, ASA use was associated with a 30% lower risk of in-hospital mortality (aOR-0.70, 95% CI-0.60-0.82, p<0.001). ASA users also had a 21% lower odds of developing shock (aOR-0.79, 95% CI-0.67-0.94, p-0.007) and 31% lower odds of requiring ICU admission (aOR-0.69, 95% CI-0.54-0.78, p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was noted in the risk of sepsis and AKI between the two groups. Conclusions: Our study noted that patients on long-term aspirin use had better in-hospital outcomes such as mortality, shock and ICU admissions compared to non-aspirin users. These findings are of interest, and further randomized clinical trials confirming the benefits of aspirin in improving outcomes in HCC patients need to be conducted. [Table: see text]


The community detection was performed from the perspective of links, and we proposed an inhibition method against social network worms. Firstly, a community detection algorithm was proposed, which based on link clustering, and we got related link incremental information through the network structure information at various time points. In order to obtain the link communities, we adopted an improved link partition density function to dispose the link incremental information. Next, we gave three selection strategies of key nodes in community and proposed corresponding worm inhibition method. Finally, on the basis of real web data sets, we applied community detection and worm inhibition experiments to prove validity of algorithm in this paper.


A compact and high power green-light source has been developed in diode-pumped solid-state laser based on periodically poled Mg:LiNbO3 (PPMgLN). Optimization of the PPMgLN length in Nd:YVO4 intracvity can achieve wide operation temperature range over 30 °C with maintaining high conversion efficiency. Based on this result, we demonstrated 3 cm3 laser module which generated continuous-wave 0.7-W green light with wall-plug efficiency as high as 11.8%.


There are two main topics we cover in this lecture. First, we introduce and study matroids a generalization of spanning trees and the notion of independence that embody the greedy algorithm we saw last class. Second, we start a new problem, the maximum ow problem. In some sense, todays lecture is about one of the easiest and hardest problems in combinatorial optimization for which we have reasonably fast algorithm. We will see how to optimize over matroids easily (i.e. in nearly linear time), whereas solving the maximum ow problem in nearly linear time is one of the biggest open problems in combinatorial optimization.


The harvester termite Hodotermes mossambicus is not regarded as causing fairy circles. On the other hand, the harvester termites forage huge amounts of grass biomass in the Namib Desert and beyond. This article describes quite different patterns caused by Hodotermes mossambicus in the Namib Desert. In addition to the well-known homogeneous foraging pattern this article newly describes hexagonal patterns and rare circular patterns from the Kunene region in northwestern Namibia.


The demands on newly constructed buildings to be energy efficient in the operational stage are increasing all the time by many reasons. Partly because the people living in the house want to keep the operational costs as low as possible and partly because of the impact on the environment. But how energy efficient can a villa be made and how does it affect the architecture when it is made extremely energy efficient?In this essay ten energy efficient principles are investigated which can be used to make a villa more energy efficient and energy producing. All ten principles have been applied in one villa that has been designed during this project. The ten principles are:The design and shape of the houseConstructionInsulated sliding slotsSolar panelsSun shadingEnergy roofHeating systemWind power turbineWind protectionConsciousness and interior designThe results show that the villa will produce an overbalance of energy of about 6 000 kWh/year according to simpler calculations of the house´s energy consumption and the energy that it produces. The architecture is clearly affected by the energy efficient principles but the house is still fully functioning. Applying ten energy efficient principles in one villa can be hard to motivate economically because of long pay-off times caused by high investment costs.This thesis has been made at KTH campus Haninge in cooperation with Sweco Architects AB.


Laffer curve shows a nonlinear relationship between inflation rate and inflation tax. The present t research estimates Laffer curve function for the period 1974-2007 in Iran using the regression models under different scenarios for measuring the inflation tax. We have also used money demand function proposed by Aegnor and Montiel (1996). Our findings Indicate the justification of a bell shaped Laffer curve for the period under consideration in Iran. The inflation rate consistent with the maximum capacity of inflation tax is in the range of 22-78 percent in Iran.


The March 26 sinking of the South Korean warship Cheonan in the West Sea that killed 46 soldiers served as the backdrop for a series of high-level exchanges between China and the two Koreas as China came under international pressure to provide a tough response to the incident. Kim Jong-il paid an "unofficial" visit to China on May 3-7 and met President Hu Jintao in Beijing, days after ROK President Lee Myung-bak's summit with Hu. Kim's delegation included senior officials from the Foreign Ministry, Worker's Party of Korea, and the DPRK Cabinet. Lee attended the April 30 opening ceremony of the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai, where President Hu also met the DPRK's top legislator Kim Yong Nam. Lee and Hu held another round of bilateral talks on the sidelines of the G20 Summit on June 26 in Toronto, where they pledged to strengthen the China-ROK strategic cooperative partnership despite unresolved tensions over North Korea. Premier Wen Jiabao paid a three-day visit to South Korea on May 28-30 and met President Lee in Seoul prior to the third China-ROK-Japan trilateral meeting in Jeju. Foreign Ministers Yu Myung-hwan and Yang Jiechi also held talks on the sidelines of the fourth trilateral foreign ministers meeting with Japan on May 15-16 in Gyeongju.


Legalist communication-controlling thought has left far-reaching impact on ancient China's authoritarian rule, but has been long neglected in communication studies. This article traces back to the historical origin of legalist communication-controlling thought, and summarizes its main connotations as obscurantism, book-banning and restricted freedom of expression. It has given rise to such consequences as feudal culture autocracy and imbalanced dissemination of social information, thus hindering the growth of ancient China's news communications.


The relevance of the study lies in the fact that today the infrastructural development of the labor market is associated primarily with digital platforms, which are the main tool for balancing supply and demand in terms of employer and jobseeker activity. The emergence of digital platforms has changed the organization and structure of the labor market. The coronavirus pandemic has further contributed to the development of employment on service-oriented and web-based platforms. Russian business, in order to reduce its costs, began to willingly use the services of freelancers. However, the regime of the self-employed, today, does not imply social guarantees, the consolidation of which in Russian legislation will contribute not only to an increase in the number of «legal» selfemployed, but also to the country's economy as a whole.
The article reveals the role of platform employment as the main tool for compensating for structural problems or shifts when capable, but not employed people appear in society. The main advantages and disadvantages of digital platforms for workers, employers and the economy as a whole are characterized. The aim of this work is to study platform employment as the main trend in the development of the labor market in Russia, to identify the advantages and risks of platform employment, as well as tools for its regulation.


This automated fan can be controlled using a microcontroller when it detects
a certain temperature that has been set. The purpose of this project is to prevent the
waste of voltage usage when it is not hot enough for fan to be needed. The automated
fan has three different speeds. Each speed will change according to a certain level of
temperature that is set. This project is a combination of electric supply, fan,
temperature sensor and microcontroller {ATMEL).To complete this project, there are
a few steps need to be taken which are the selections of temperature sensor, power
supply, fan, design controlling circuit using A TMEL, developing a source code for
the A TMEL and use a suitable apparatus to design all circuit. As a conclusion, this
project is to design and construct an automated fan system using temperature sensor
which will be controlled by microcontroller. The fan speed can be changed according
to a certain level of temperature.


Theatre games and improvisational theatre became very big in the sixties all over the world. In England, one of the most imaginative of the companies involved in this work was a group called the Theatre Machine. Founded by Keith Johnstone, the group performed regularly in an upstairs space at the Royal Court Theatre. In 1971, Johnstone left Theatre Machine. Shortly thereafter he surfaced in Calgary as a teacher in the University of Calgary's Drama Department. His specialty, of course, was improvisation. Two years ago, he started another company which he called Loosemoose. The troupe performed collectively-written plays and improvised others but, by far, Loosemoose's most successful activity has been something which Johnstone has called Theatresports—competitive improvisation evenings complete with teams, judges and scoring. In the following article, written especially for CTR, Johnstone talks about his work, Loosemoose and Theatresports. It should also be noted that CTR will be publishing a special report in its next issue on a similar kind of venture which has been attracting similar attention in Quebec.


Transplant professionals recognize that the long‐term follow‐up of living organ donors is a priority, yet there has been no implemented solution to this problem. This critical gap is essential, because the transplant field is now emphasizing living donation as a means to address the organ shortage. We detail our living donor initiative, which sets several priorities we recognize as fundamental to persons who have donated organs at our transplant center. This intervention attempts to mitigate the donor and center factors that are known to contribute to the lack of long‐term follow‐up. Beyond that, our goals are aimed at providing ongoing engagement, wellness, clinical data accrual, laboratory follow‐up, and social support for our living donors, in continuity. Our ultimate goal is to nurture the development of local living donor community networks by providing social engagement for current and past donors, which also serves as a platform for greater population education on the societal importance of living donation. This initiative is based on joint recognition by our transplant team and our hospital leadership that supporting the long‐term welfare of living donors is essential to accomplishing the goal of expanding living donor transplantation. The transplant team and hospital missions are aligned, and both contribute resources to the initiative.


The mixture ratios were used as a factor for aggregation number (Nagg) determination in binary mixtures of calix[4]arene surfactants. Platonic micelles having different Nagg were prepared by adjusting the ratio of oppositely charged compounds.


The development of an expendable second stage for use with a reusable space shuttle booster is discussed. The configuration of a low-cost, reusable multipurpose space transportation system for the 1980 time period is presented. A system capable of economically placing payloads in earth orbit which are larger and heavier than can be carried in the shuttle orbiter cargo bay is defined. The ESS/reusable shuttle system is complementary to the space shuttle system and provides mission flexibility to permit economical expansion of the overall space program.


The Effect of Breathing Exercise on Fatigue and Stress in Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Complementary and alternative medicine methods, when used in addition to medical treatments, increase the physical and mental well-being of patients. This study was planned to examine the effects of breathing exercises, which are a complementary and alternative medicine method, on the stress and fatigue levels of patients with coronary artery disease. The study was planned as a randomized, controlled, and experimental study. A patient identification form, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Piper Fatigue Scale were used in data collection. In the experimental group, the rate of phase 1-3 hypertension fell to 8.4% in the second monitoring from 30.0% (p<0.05).


—The effects of various cations and cholinergic ligands on the rate of α‐bungarotoxin‐acetylcholine receptor complex formation has been studied by means of a DEAE‐cellulose disk assay technique. The reaction rate is reduced to one half the initial rate in the presence of 2·5 · 10−6m acetyleholine. a value close to the observed KD of ACh measured by equilibrium dialysis. Inhibition constants of about 5 mM were obtained for most monovalent cations whereas divalent cations gave inhibition constants of 0·05‐0·2 mm. The rate and extent of toxin‐receptor complex formation was also investigated as a function of hydrogen ion concentration; the rate of formation reaches a maximum at pH 7·5 and a group with a pK about 6 inhibits toxin binding to the receptor when protonated.


A simple device is described for sampling ground waters from auger holes and shallow wells. This device, which can be constructed from materials found in most laboratories, is capable of lifting water from a depth of 7 to 8 m.


Discussion groups provide an opportunity for CSA Members to share information with peers. Once they have ended their careers, the need to stay in touch is still very real but Members are no longer engaged on a professional level. Retirement can be for considerably longer than it used to be, so it is important to stay mentally and physically active.


The SAARC Food Bank (SFB) embodies collective effort of South Asian countries to ensure food security at times when emergencies lead to largescale disruptions in food production, transportation, accessibility and availability. In view of the urgent need for an appropriate institutional architecture to address the ever-rising food security concerns in South Asia, issues of proper operationalization of the SFB have assumed critical importance. This paper enquires into the underlying reasons why this regional arrangement has failed to deliver the expected results and how to raise the efficacy of the SFB in order for it to service its stated mandate of deploying food reserves to affected areas during food emergencies. Based on a comparative study of select international best practices and primary surveys, the paper offers concrete recommendations for determination of thresholds that should define food emergency situations, modalities of distribution of food from the SFB, design of pricing strategies, maintenance of the food stock and ensuring quality of the reserves, derestriction of trade in food grains during emergencies, establishment of a dispute settlement mechanism, and options for institutional tie-ups with similar outfits.


Objective Contrasting the effects and safeties of lipid-lowering granules and simvastatin in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) with fatty liver.Methods Sixty cases of T2DM with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) who were first hospitalized in our hospital from September to December in 2010 were randomly selected.Among them,30 cases were selected as treatment group and they were treated with lipid-lowering granules;others served as control group and they were treated by oral administration of simvastatin,20-40 mg.After 6 months of treatment,repeated tests of indicators,such as liver function,lipid series were made.Then,the therapeutic effects were evaluated.Results After treating with lipid-lowering granules,the levels of serum TG,LDL-C and alanine aminotransferase of patients were(2.20±0.42) mmol/L vs(2.43±0.78) mmol/L,(3.11±0.63) mmol/L vs(3.23±0.49) mmol/L,(24.60±9.84) U/L vs(32.83±20.31) U/L,the indexes were improved significantly as compared with before treatment.The treatment group achieved better therapeutic effects than the control group in improving liver function(P0.05).Conclusion Lipid-lowering granules are effective and safe in treating T2DM with fatty liver disease.


When plasma particle velocity distributions have multiple, distinct parts, treating each as a separate beam may yield more intuitive results.


1. Polymer composition based on ethylene, comonomer distribution is characterized by a constant greater than about 45 and up to 400, wherein the composition has a total of less than 120 units of unsaturated units / 1000000 C.2. The polymer composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises up to about 3 long chain branches / 1000 uglerodov.3. The polymer composition of claim 1 having ZSVR value (zero shear viscosity ratio) of at least 2.4. Komnozitsiya polymer according to claim 3, further characterized by containing less than 20 units of unsaturated vinylidene / 1000000 C.5. The polymer composition of claim 1, wherein the composition has a bimodal molecular weight raspredelenie.6. The polymer composition of claim 1, wherein the composition has a multimodal distribution (MWD) .7. Finished product comprising a composition according to item 1.8. The polymer composition of claim 1, further comprising a single melting peak obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) .9. Thermoplastic composition comprising a composition according to claim 1 and at least one natural or synthetic polimer.10. A composition according to claim 9, wherein the film comprising the composition, characterized in that the criterion is the change of yellowness b * 10 days at 3 or menee.11. Composition according to claim 10, wherein the composition based on ethylene comprises from about 60 to about 95 wt.%. 12. The composition of claim 1 wherein said composition is at least partially cross-linked (at least, the gel is wt.%. 13. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition has a comonomer distribution profile comprising a mono- or bimodal distribution of 35 to 120oSo excluding produvku.14. The polymer composition of claim 1, having


The wetting of a soluble substrate is a situation commonly encountered in day-to-day life, life. Hydrodynamical theories describing wetting onto insoluble substrates cannot account for experimental observations in the case of a liquid spreading onto a soluble substrate. Tay et al. Made the hypothesis that the water content at the contact line controls the contact angle value and they showed the importance of the evaporation/condensation of the solvent during wetting. In this study, we demonstrate that other mass transfers have to be considered to improve the understanding on wetting dynamics on soluble surfaces; thus diffusion within the polymer of the condensed water or directly from the droplet are processes that contribute to the hydration of the substrate and the modification of the contact angle of the drop. Therefore, we use the following approach to carry out this study: (i) finite elements simulations are performed in order to take into account diffusion effects in the layer and validate our theoretical arguments, (ii) spreading experiments of water onto maltodextrin thin layers are performed in order to study the wetting and the hydration ahead the contact line. A wetting diagram thickness-velocity (e-U) with different regimes is established and validated experimentally. In particular, we evidence a regime where the contact angle is a function of the quantity eU. Furthermore, we evidence the effect of glass transition in the polymer on the contact angle and the hydration of the substrate. Finally, a preliminary study is performed to understand the influence of another transfer at stake in the wetting process: the dissolution of the polymer in the solvent


Near infrared region (NIR) spectrophotometry was used to determine concentrations of glucose, fructose and sucrose in aqueous mixtures at 10, 25, and 40% total sugars. Calibration equations and predicted individual concentrations in each total sugar level are reported. The standard errors of prediction varied between 0.35 and 0.69 and confidence limits ranged from ± 0.7 to ± 1.1%. In developing a single equation for predicting individual sugars in solutions, suitable for use over a range of total sugar concentrations, spectral data needed correction for sample density differences. However, at total sugar concentrations above 25%, accompanying wavelength shifts were of sufficient magnitude that a satisfactory single equation could not be developed. Equations for predicting individual sugars in solutions ranging from 10–25% total sugar concentrations were developed. For higher values of total sugars, appropriate calibrations were necessary.


Decline index (indicator of crown condition) data from 102 forest plots (approximately 10 000 trees) during 1986–2004 were compiled to derive survival models for south-central Ontario, Canada. The dominant species was sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) with approximately 75% occurrence (n = 7640). The predictor variables for sugar maple survivorship included the decline index of 1 or 2 years prior to the beginning of the modelled period and ecological region (Algoma, Georgian Bay, Huron–Ontario, and Upper St. Lawrence). The observed crown condition of sugar maple improved significantly over the study period; in contrast, short-term mortality rate did not improve. The risk of sugar maple mortality could be predicted from decline index data for a single year indicating that the risk of tree death increases with higher decline index values (declining crown condition). Moreover, using 2 years of decline index data indicated that the risk of tree death also increased with the length of consecutive time indivi...


Continuous seeded crystallization is characterized by oscillations of particle size distribution (PSD) and liquor productivity. To describe these oscillations using analytical methods is a complicated task due to non-linearity and slow response of the process. This paper uses a statistical approach to the preparation of initial data, determination of the significant factors and arrangement of the said factors by their impact on the dynamics of crystal population development. Various methods of machine learning were analyzed to develop a model capable of forecasting the time series of particle size distribution and composition of the final solution. The paper proposes to use deep learning methods for predicting the distribution of crystals by grades and liquor productivity. Such approach has never been used for these purposes before. The study shows that models based on long short-term memory (LSTM) cells provide for better accuracy with less trainable parameters as compared with other multilayer neural networks. Training of the models and the assessment of their quality are performed using the historical data collected in the hydrate crystallization area at the operating alumina refinery


Planting work for Allium× wakegi Araki bulbs, a specialty vegetable from Hiroshima Prefecture, is harsh to the body since it is performed manually in a squatting position. Therefore, a reduction in labor effort and an improvement in planting efficiency are needed. A new method of bulb planting was developed using a simple transplanting machine for Allium fistulosum L. The process for planting is as follows. First, the bulbs 農作業研究 第 49巻 第 2号


Summary: Infusion-induced acute (≤24 h) hyperammonemia to concentrations up to five times normal (0.19 ± 0.03 versus 0.90 ± 0.08 mM) was studied in eleven 6–9-month-old Macaca mullata. The young primates developed a progressive reduction of consciousness that correlated in severity directly with the elevation of blood ammonia concentration. Hyperventilation, electroencephalographic slowing, occasional seizure activity, and, eventually, apneustic breathing also occurred. Intracranial pressure rose from 76 ± 7 to 167 ± 12 mmH2O. Arterial oxygen and blood pressure remained within normal limits. Neuropathologic examination showed early astrocytic changes, consisting primarily of swollen perikaryal cytoplasm and processes, and membranous whorls. The absence of neuronal pathology suggests that the acute, limited insult, as occurs in many of the childhood hyperammonemic syndromes, is fully reversible.


Through analyzing structure principle, experimental data and running information of 104D,F 8 electro-pneumatic brake, the obvious function defection of five-wire electro-pneumatic brake for passenger cars currently has been found. Some solutions are discussed to ensure the passenger electro-pneumatic brake to work more reliable and safety.


Thermal decomposition of the coordination polymer, (NH4)La[FeII(CN)6]·4.5H2O, with a three-dimensional network structure formed by the FeII–CN–LaIII linkages, was investigated. The decomposition began at around 323 K and proceeded via a few steps to give the anhydride complex, (NH4)La[FeII(CN)6], at around 523 K. Further heating gave rise to an abrupt collapse of cyanide groups at around 573 K, followed by the initial formation of the perovskite-type oxide, LaFeO3, at 603 K and the completion of the decomposition to produce LaFeO3 at around 898 K. Any formation of the component metal oxides, La2O3 and Fe2O3, was not recognized during the decomposition. From the XRD line broadening using Scherrer's equation, the average size of the thermal decomposition product was evaluated to be 21, 22, 25 and 30 nm at 773, 823, 898 and 1073 K, respectively. The specific surface area of the LaFeO3 particles prepared at 898, 1073 and 1273 K was 13.2, 8.6 and 2.5 m2 g−1, respectively.


A study was conducted to design, development and performance of improved mud bamboo bins with various treatments for storage of paddy. The moisture fluctuations were maximum in control bin and minimum in bin with polyethylene lining. The grain temperature was higher in control bin compared to other bins. Germination and viability losses were higher in control, neem and coal tar coated bins compared to polyethylene and lime coated bins. Weight losses were higher in control, coal tar and neem coated bins compared to polyethylene lined and lime coated bins. Mainly three types of insects were observed and their population was maximum in control bin and minimum in bin with polyethylene lining. Milling analysis showed that there was decreas of 2- 3.5 per cent in total yield in all the bins.


The title microcrystals are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions containing FeCl2, L-cysteine, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as surfactant (autoclave, 165 °C, 40 h).


Using panel quantile regressions for 11 advanced and 11 emerging market economies, we show that the conditional distribution of GDP growth depends on financial conditions, with growth-at-risk (GaR)—defined as growth at the lower 5th percentile—more responsive than the median or upper percentiles. In addition, the term structure of GaR features an intertemporal tradeoff: GaR is higher in the short run; but lower in the medium run when initial financial conditions are loose relative to typical levels, and the tradeoff is amplified by a credit boom. This shift in the growth distribution generally is not incorporated when solving dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models with macrofinancial linkages, which suggests downside risks to GDP growth are systematically underestimated. JEL Classification Numbers: G1, E1, F44


In Standard Swedish there are two ways to construct an infinitive phrase, on the one hand with the infinitive marker att, on the other without it. Although there is some variation, the distribution ...


FROM BOSNIA TO RWANDA AND SUDAN TO IRAQ, dealing with the past has emerged as a necessary prerequisite for a lasting peace. Citing a long litany of cases stretching as far back as 411 BC, scholars and policymakers maintain that such efforts are not only vital to the prevention of conflict, but are an inexorable response to an innate human longing to see the wrongs of the past redressed (Elster 2004; Teitel 2000; Minow 1998; Kritz 1995). It has thus become commonplace for states exiting a period of state-sanctioned violence to reckon with, or at the very least to be seen to be reckoning with, the legacy of the recent past. Today, the road to transitional justice is frequently paved in courts of law, as governments contend with an international community that increasingly equates transitional justice with criminal prosecution (Huyse 2003; Aukerman 2002; Penrose 1999). Nowhere is this more true than in the former Yugoslavia, where cooperation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) encapsulates the region's efforts to deal with its violent history. For almost a decade, governments in Western Europe and North America have placed ICTY compliance at the forefront of their Western Balkans policies, seemingly conflating the arrest and extradition of accused war criminals with transitional justice more generally. Emblematic of this are policies of conditionality, which both the US and EU invoke to prod former Yugoslav states into ICTY compliance. By making the continuation of EU accession talks and US foreign aid contingent upon Balkan governments' full cooperation with the ICTY, European and American officials have sought to compel recalcitrant states into compliance. Their assumption is that by prosecuting those most responsible for crimes and atrocities, the ICTY will help to end a culture of impunity in the former Yugoslavia and in so doing, foster regional processes of truth and reconciliation. Pivotal to this endeavour is ensuring that the peoples of the region come to recognise the crimes and atrocities committed in their name. The problem, however, is that they have not done so. Despite over 15 years of the tribunal's operation and almost 10 years of 'conditioned' compliance, many in the region of the former Yugoslavia know little of the accusations made against their EUROPE-ASIA STUDIES Vol. 63, No. 10, December 2011, 1827–1851


The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching methods picture and picture of the performance improvement study science subject class V-B SLB B YRTRW Surakarta Academic Year 2014/2015


The number of official inspection of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from April in 1996 till March in 1997 were 581 in total. The quantity which passed inspection amounted to 164.5 ton in Japan. The production of color in each month was summarised in Table1, and by each producing company in Table2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No. 4, occupying 43.4% in this period.


Since the recognition of the pathophysiological role of Helicobac− ter pylori in peptic ulcer diseases, gastric carcinoma and mucosa− associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, hundreds of articles have been published on H. pylori tests. H. pylori infection can be de− tected by invasive and noninvasive methods. It can be recognized in gastric mucosa specimens, in feces, in urine, and in blood. Sev− eral test methods are available for research and clinical purposes, including: histological staining, microbiological culture, poly− merase chain reaction, enzyme−linked immunoabsorbent assay, immunoblotting, and urease−based tests [2,3]. For clinical pur− poses, the noninvasive 13C breath test and biopsy−based rapid ur− ease test are the ones most frequently used. Today, these two tests are highly sensitive (86±98 %) and specific (90 ± 100%); they are easy to carry out and are relatively inexpensive.


An ever-increasing role of technology in law enforcement has led to the integration of numerous electronic devices into the advanced law enforcement vehicle. Along with improved safety and efficiency of law enforcement personnel, the addition of these electronics has resulted in significant vehicle power management challenges. The Texas Transportation Institute has developed the Advanced Law Enforcement and Response Technology (ALERT(R)) system. The ALERT system is an integrated, mobile platform for emergency response vehicles that incorporates public safety data collection, wireless communications and control of in-vehicle peripherals. The ALERT architecture includes a ruggedized computer and color touch screen display, ALERT-compliant vehicle peripheral equipment, a standard, in-vehicle data communication bus, and wireless communication components for transfer of voice, data, and images. It is expected that as additional technologies are integrated into advance law enforcement vehicles advanced power management approaches will be necessary.


This study assessed the effect of commitment to an earlier mugshot identification on the ability to make a subsequent lineup identification. Shortly after viewing videotape of a staged assault some subjects rated a group of 18 photos for attractiveness, whereas other subjects attempted to identify the assailant publicly or privately in the same (target-absent) set of 18 "mugshot" photos. The remaining subjects had no intervening task. Two days later, all subjects attempted to identify the assailant from a six-person target-present photo lineup which contained their mugshot choice (if made) as well as the original assailant. Lineup identifications were significantly less accurate for subjects who had viewed the intervening mugshots (33% accuracy) than those who had only rated the intervening photos for attractiveness (64% accuracy) or had seen no intervening photos (69% accuracy). When viewing lineups, experimental subjects tended to remain committed to their earlier action of choosing or not choosing anyone from the mugshots. More witnesses who had publicly stated their mugshot choice reproduced their (incorrect) choice at the lineup (78%), than did those who made a private mugshot choice (45%), though this difference was not statistically reliable. Witnesses' confidence in their lineup decision was not significantly related to overall accuracy. Contrary to predictions from self-perception theory, confidence in one's decision decreased significantly as further identifications were attempted.


In this paper, we use the high rate recombination process in GaInAsNSb quantum well alloys to grow monolithic saturable absorber structures on GaAs substrate for ultrafast optical switching.


Thank you for your enquiry. Further to this, UK NARIC has undertaken a broad evaluation of the qualifications offered by ICMAP, using the materials provided by the Institute. The evaluation has been undertaken in line with established UK NARIC benchmarking methodology, more information about which can be found on our website. It should be noted that UK NARIC primarily specialises in the benchmarking of nationally accredited academic and vocational awards. The academic evaluation of professional awards such as those offered by ICMAP could be considered to be problematic for several reasons. Given their specialist nature, professional awards are offered outside the national qualification system. Moreover the awarding bodies are largely autonomous organisations and design their programmes according to their own standards. It is also important to bear in mind that although NARIC holds important sectoral knowledge and expertise, it is not an acknowledged expert in the field of accounting and cost management. Despite these issues, it is possible to provide broad evaluations based on identified similarities in outcomes between the ICMAP awards and UK academic tertiary level qualifications. The broad indications on the basis of current evidence suggest that ICMAP Chartered Accountants Examination Certificate may be considered broadly comparable to British Bachelor (Ordinary) degree standard whilst the ICMAP Associate Cost Management Accountant is broadly in line with the British Postgraduate Certificate. The ICMAP Fellow Cost Management Accountant may broadly be aligned to the British Postgraduate Diploma. Please be aware that the information provided by the UK NARIC is based on our knowledge and experience. The service we provide is guidance only, purely to assist with progression towards further study, professional recognition, and employment. The decision to accept or admit an individual is made by the employer, admitting institution or professional body with other factors also being taken into consideration. If you have any questions or queries regarding this evaluation, please do not hesitate to contact us.


The present article seeks to understand the possibilities of social (re)inclusion of PACs' users, through work, from the perspective of the user and the teamwork. The study took place at PAC II of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, where some professionals and users were interviewed. A qualitative and exploratory methodology was used and data analysis was performed by the method of Content Analysis, using themes for grouping the findings. The results point to a sense of work as a way to occupy the mind, produce links, assist in self-esteem, and as experiences of fulfillment and pleasure. However, the work whereas a possibility of social (re)inclusion still has many limitations imposed by the capitalist society. So, it is necessary to rethink ways of work that encourage creativity and foster the possibilities of the subject in the rescue of his/her


The denial of the existence of contradiction is at the root of all idealism in epistemology and the cause for alienations.  This alienation has become a hindrance for the understanding of the nature and the historical evolution mathematics itself and its role as an instrument in the enquiry of the physical universe (1). A dialectical materialist approach incorporating  the role of the contradiction of the unity of the opposites, chance and necessity etc., can provide a proper understanding of the historical evolution of mathematics and  may ameliorate  the negative effect of the alienation in modern theoretical physics and cosmology. The dialectical view also offers a more plausible materialist interpretation of the bewildering wave-particle duality in quantum dynamics (2).


Abstract : The Army's inchoate professional Ethic attempts to fill a significant gap in the Army's attempt to maintain professional status. It demonstrates the intentionality to address ethical failures by promulgating an aspirational Ethic focused on The Trustworthy Army Profession who has character, competence, and commitment. Is the Army Ethic sufficient for the Army profession? The Army Ethic passes screening criteria from an external literature review, which makes it a viable option as an Ethic. It also does better than the current, inaccessible Ethic with the evaluation criteria. Based on the research, the Army Ethic is sufficient for the Army profession. However, the Ethic could improve in several ways.