Abstract The corrosion inhibition of mild steel by some new synthesized triazole organic-type compounds, the 3,5-di(n-tolyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles (n-DTAT: n = 2, 3, 4), was investigated in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 0.5 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4 using weight loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and polarization curves. The ability of the n-DTAT to inhibit the corrosion of mild steel was dependent on the position of the methyl (CH3) group on the tolyl substituent. The inhibition efficiency of the tested compounds was found to decrease as follows: 4-DTAT > 3-DTAT > 2-DTAT. Polarization curve studies showed that 4-DTAT is a mixed-type inhibitor in 1 M HCl and cathodic-type in 0.5 M H2SO4. This inhibitor acted on the cathodic reaction without changing the mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction. Study of the effect of temperature showed that the inhibitor efficiency does not depend on temperature. Apparent activation energies were determined. The 4-DTAT appeared to function thr...


We generalize a recently-developed semiclassical uniform initial value representation (IVR) treatment of the S-matrix [Y. Elran and K. G. Kay, J. Chem. Phys. 114, 4362 (2001)] to chaotic nonreactive and reactive collinear scattering. The present modifications allow one to determine the phase of the complex IVR integrand in a unique and practical manner even when the integrand is discontinuous or rapidly varying. The method is applied to the collinear H+H2 exchange reaction on the Porter–Karplus surface. A strategy is introduced for adapting the integration over the chaotic chattering zones to the fractal nature of the integrand. The results indicate that the technique is capable of good accuracy while requiring a relatively small number of trajectories per energy.


Introduction: The aim of the present ex vivo research was to compare the remaining filling material and the volumes of dentine removed after retreatment of curved canals with two rotary systems naming ProTaper Universal Retreatment and Mani NRT-GPR using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods and Material: Forty mandibular molars containing two completely separated canals, with curvature angle of 25-35° and a curvature radius <10 mm were prepared to the Mtwo instrument 35/0.04 and filled with warm gutta-percha and AH-Plus sealer. The teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=20), according to the retreatment system evaluated: ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PR group) or Mani NRT-GPR (MR group). Retreatment was considered complete when the working length was reached and when smooth dentinal walls were observed, with no evidence of filling material adhered to instruments or in the irrigating solution. Preoperative and postoperative micro-CT images were obtained with an isotropic voxel size of 11.88 µm to observe the volume of residual filling material in the canals and dentine removed after retreatment. Statistical analysis was performed by Student's t-test (P<0.05). Results: The mean percentage of remaining filling material was 12.96% for PR group and 24.26% for MR group (P=0.0056). The percentage of dentin removal was greater in the PR group (5.02%) than MR group (1.36%) (P=0.0028). Both systems failed to completely remove the filling material from the canals. Conclusion: ProTaper Universal Retreatment system was more effective than Mani NRT-GPR system regarding removal of root filling material and also removed significantly more dentine after retreatment of curved mesial root canals of mandibular molars.


Inspired by the locomotive advantages that an articulated spine enables in quadrupedal animals, we explore and quantify the energetic effect that an articulated spine has in legged robots. We compare two model instances of a conceptual planar quadruped: one with a traditional rigid main body and one with an articulated main body with an actuated spinal joint. Both models feature four distinct legs, series elastic actuation, distributed mass in all body segments, and limits on actuator torque and speed. Using optimal control to find the energetically optimal joint trajectories, actuator inputs, and footfall timing, we examine and compare the positive mechanical work cost of transport of both models across multiple gaits and speeds. Our results show that an articulated spine increases the maximum possible speed and improves the locomotor economy at higher velocities, especially for asymmetrical gaits. The driving factors for these improvements are the same mechanistic effects that facilitate asymmetrical gaits in nature: improved leg recirculation, elastic energy storage in the spine, and enlarged stride lengths.


Recent Alterations in Class Hours. Pkesumably as a result of the agitation of the last two years, there are this session some important alterations to be recorded in the class hours in the Medical Faculty for the current year. The most important of these is the interchanging of Physiology and Materia Medica, the lectures on the former subject being now delivered at 10 A.M., and the latter at 2 P.M., instead of vice versd as in the past few sessions. At first sight this change would appear to be nothing more than a pantomimic transformation scene, but a closer investigation will show that it is a decided step in the right direction. Take, f?r example, the day's work of a second year's student of medicine. At 9 a.m. he attends his lectures on Surgery, at 10 A.M. Physiology, from 11 a.m. until 1 p.m. his Clinical Surgery. After his luncheon hour his entire afternoon is absolutely free for Practical Anatomy. This most desirable state of affairs comes into operation this winter, for the first time since the advent of the present distinguished occupant of the Chair of Physiology. In his predecessor's time it was the rule, not the exception. The present changes in the lecture hours in no way affect the position of the third year's student. His affairs remain in statu with one class in the afternoon, namely, Materia Medica at ^ P-M. instead of Physiology. Had the Professor of Mateiia Medica been able to see his way to lecture at the less sleepy


Basis writing ability occupies an important position in the specilized abilities of journalist majors.Faced with problems in the students' writing ability,this paper carries out some relevant analysis.At the same time,the author,from the perspectives of removal and reconstruction,sorts out the reality of the cultivation of basic writing ability and at last comes up with a complete model of cultivating basic writing ability so as to guide the teaching of basic writing.


In order to solve the disadvantages caused by mechanical slide rheostat that has big errors and low precision,a novel voltage regulation method for high voltage DC power supply was introduced.The key of this method were digital potentiometer MAXIM 5455 and linear photoelectric coupling LOC110,and application programs were compiled using Visual Basic which was graphical compiling language,furthermore the communication between exterior and computer was carried out by ICP7044D module,in consequence the output value of high voltage DC power supply could be regulated with computer.The measured results showed that this method could accurately,conveniently and rapidly regulate the output value of high voltage DC power supply.


It has become increasingly clear in the last decade, through carefully done research, that the most effective treatment for the majority of mental disorders consists of a combination of medication and psychotherapy.1 During this century, psychiatry has undergone a number of changes in the application of its "basic sciences". Freud and his disciples began the early emphasis on psychoanalytic treatment of mental disorder. Other analysts, of course, developed their own theories of both treatment and aetiology. With the discovery of psychotropic medication in the 1950s and 1960s came increasing research into the biological origins of these illnesses. By the 1980s, the emphasis in psychiatric treatment and in teaching had shifted from psychoanalysis to psychobiology. The organic basis of mental disorder, in many centres, became the only interest.


Aims Interleukin (IL)-1β is one of the major pathogenic regulators during the pathological development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, effective treatment options for IDD are limited. Suramin is used to treat African sleeping sickness. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological effects of suramin on mitigating IDD and to characterize the underlying mechanism. Methods Porcine nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were treated with vehicle, 10 ng/ml IL-1β, 10 μM suramin, or 10 μM suramin plus IL-1β. The expression levels of catabolic and anabolic proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB-related signalling molecules were assessed by Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and immunofluorescence analysis. Flow cytometry was applied to detect apoptotic cells. The ex vivo effects of suramin were examined using IDD organ culture and differentiation was analyzed by Safranin O-Fast green and Alcian blue staining. Results Suramin inhibited IL-1β-induced apoptosis, downregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, and ADAMTS-5, and upregulated collagen 2A (Col2a1) and aggrecan in IL-1β-treated NP cells. IL-1β-induced inflammation, assessed by IL-1β, IL-8, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) upregulation, was alleviated by suramin treatment. Suramin suppressed IL-1β-mediated proteoglycan depletion and the induction of MMP-3, ADAMTS-4, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in ex vivo experiments. Conclusion Suramin administration represents a novel and effectively therapeutic approach, which could potentially alleviate IDD by reducing extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and inhibiting apoptosis and inflammatory responses in the NP cells. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(8):498–513.


Increasing the accuracy of wind speed prediction lays solid foundation to the reliability of wind power forecasting. Most traditional correction methods for wind speed prediction establish the mapping relationship between wind speed of the numerical weather prediction (NWP) and the historical measurement data (HMD) at the corresponding time slot, which is free of time-dependent impacts of wind speed time series. In this paper, a multi-step-ahead wind speed prediction correction method is proposed with consideration of the passing effects from wind speed at the previous time slot. To this end, the proposed method employs both NWP and HMD as model inputs and the training labels. First, the probabilistic analysis of the NWP deviation for different wind speed bins is calculated to illustrate the inadequacy of the traditional time-independent mapping strategy. Then, support vector machine (SVM) is utilized as example to implement the proposed mapping strategy and to establish the correction model for all the wind speed bins. One Chinese wind farm in northern part of China is taken as example to validate the proposed method. Three benchmark methods of wind speed prediction are used to compare the performance. The results show that the proposed model has the best performance under different time horizons.


This paper proposes a new method for valuing a major public investment project. The method allows also the study and determination of the optimal time to begin the investment. Such a project needs long-term investment, requires tools of analysis able to collect and systematize the future uncertainty, which is present in the evolution of the problem variables. Valuation is difficult and must take into account the large number of traffic variables, the cash flows function characteristics and the implicit real options in the investment decisions. We propose a new method based on an algorithm, which adds stochastic processes simulation and discrete scenario space generation. The algorithm not only allows us to approach the given problem but also it can be applied to another problems with similar characteristics.


This paper presents the optimization of a gain scheduling controller based on Lamarckian evolution. The evolutionary theory advocated by Lamarck focuses on the inheritance of characteristics acquired for self-adaptation to environment. In the domain of the purpose of acquiring adaptive strategies, it is important to make use of the information of experiences through adaptation. The Lamarckian evolution approach presented in this paper combines a local search algorithm (simulated annealing) with genetic algorithms (glabal search). Simulation results deal the control of a continuous stirred tank reactor, that presents open-loop unstable dynamic and nonlinear behaviors. The simulation results show that the application of the Lamarckian evolution strategy effectively improve the parameters optimization of gain scheduling controller.


This study evaluates reports on neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) as an adverse event associated with the use of atypical antipsychotic agents (AAA) in Japan. We examined NMS occurrence following monotherapy and combination therapy with AAA in real clinical practice using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.


The paper is a short contribution to the history of the nature of papal legations in Hungary in the 1220's. The main aim of the study is to introduce the three papal envoys (magister Acontius, archbishop Robert of Esztergom and magister Aegidius) of the selected periode (1219–1232), and to identify the common phenomena and the distinctions of their papal mandates and actions.


AbstractThe effect of microadditions of niobium, aluminium, and a combination of the two on the austenite grain coarsening behaviour of 0·08C–0·25Si–1·5Mn steels whose nitrogen content was varied/from 0·002 to 0·02 wt-% has been studied. Modified methods of surface oxidation and thermal grooving were used in order to determine the precise prior austenite grain size in these steels with low interstitial elements. The optimum concentration of niobium which could be effectively used for restraining austenite grain growth when steels are austenitized at high temperatures has been determined. It is also demonstrated that steels containing. NbC or NbN particles exhibit similar austenite grain coarsening behaviour. Increasing the nitrogen content from 0·002 to 0·02 wt-% to give nitrogen–rich Nb(CN) particles does not help restrain austenite grain growth. However, when nitrogen was added to steels containing aluminium or aluminium and niobium, significant improvement in grain restraining behaviour was observed.MS...


Here, a novel image‐based quantized compressive sensing (QCS) framework based on complex‐valued Vandermonde (Vander) matrix is proposed. In the proposed QCS framework, a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) serves as a sparse basis and a partial complex‐valued Vander matrix serves as a measurement matrix. The theoretical analysis based on mutual coherence metric of compressive sensing (CS) theory shows that the proposed Vander measurement matrix has the best reconstruction performance among other conventional measurement matrices. The simulation results also show that the recovery quality using the proposed measurement matrix can be greatly improved compared with the other existing real‐valued measurement matrices. In particular, the experiment results also show that under the same measurement matrix, the reconstruction performance of Smoothed l0 norm (SL0) algorithm is better than that of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm, sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) algorithm and approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm. In addition, a sparse measurement matrix scheme is further proposed to achieve a trade‐off between recovery performance and computational complexity. The theoretical analysis and simulation results both show the proposed image‐based QCS is efficient.


An analysis of Donald Trump's acceptance speech to the 2016 Republican National Convention reveals a speech structure built around god terms vs. evil terms with the threat that evil terms associated with the enemy lead to chaos and god terms, which were associated to Trump and Republicans, led to stability. Trump's performance reinforced the speech structure with hand gestures that cued the audience to the speech structure.


The U.S.-Mexico border region has been a place of contention for decades. Groups of concerned citizens have congregated near its borders to help ebb the flow of migrants crossing the southern border. The purpose of this paper is to understand one group of these concerned citizens through a lens of identity and revised techniques of neutralization. The research is conducted after the larger Minutemen organizations have dissolved and created smaller fractured groups who take on the role of patrolling the Sonoran desert in Arizona. In addition to the fieldwork, current journalistic accounts aid in the analysis of current groups on the southwest border region. Using in-depth interviews and participant observation experiences, I apply Kaptein and van Helvoort's revised techniques of neutralization to understand the actions and rationalizations of this civilian group's reason for patrolling the southern border. Four distinct techniques are applied to the findings: the reduction of labels, the reduction in the immorality of accusers, the appeal to higher goals, and the appeal to rights.


Homonopsis is a small genus belonging to Archipini, Tortricinae. It was erected by KUZNETZOV in 1964 to contain Dichelia illotana KENNEL, 1901. OBRAZTSOV (1967) redescribed the genus and discussed the taxonomic status of H. foederatana (KENNEL). Then KUZNETZOV (1976) added a new species, H. rubens KUZNETZOV. So, altogether, three species have been recorded. YASUDA (1972, 1975) and KAWABE (1982) recorded the occurrence of H. illotana (KENNEL) and H. foederatana (KENNEL) in Japan; BYUN (1998) reported the distribution of the three species from Korean Peninsula; KUZNETZOV (2001) listed again those three species from Far East of Russia; finally, LIU (2002) recorded H. illotana k(KENNEL) from China. The genus was redescribed by RAZOWSKI (1987) and the species were catalogized by the same author (RAZOWSKI 1993).


The quasi-stationary profiles of the impurity ionization stages in HT-6B toka-mak were determined by monitoring the VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) and visible line emissions from impurities. An impurity transport code was set up. The impurity transport coefficients and other parameters of impurities in that device were simulated and determined. From the measurement of impurity emission profiles and simulation analysis, it was concluded that the impurity confinement was improved and the impurity recycling was reduced by the slow magnetic compression. Some characteristics of impurity transport in that device were also discussed.


OBJECTIVE. The goal was to measure, by using the Health Utilities Index, the health status of children 6 months after admission to PICUs in the United Kingdom. METHODS. All PICUs in the United Kingdom were invited to participate. Children who were ≥6 months of age at admission and were discharged alive from participating units during a 1-year period were eligible for this study. Children with completed consent forms who had survived to 6 months after admission received the Health Utilities Index questionnaire. RESULTS. Admission data on 7214 admissions to 22 units were collected between March 2001 and February 2002. Of those patients, 6786 survived to unit discharge, and consent for follow-up contact was obtained for 2642. At 6 months after admission, the mortality rate was estimated at 11.1% and 2034 children were still alive and contactable. Of those children, Health Utilities Index questionnaires were returned by 1455. No impairment was indicated for 767, 951, 940, 919, 962, and 939 children with respect to the Health Utilities Index sensation, cognition, emotion, pain, mobility, and self-care attributes, respectively. The mean ± SE Health Utilities Index utility score was 0.73 ± 0.01, with 397 children (27.3%) in full health. CONCLUSIONS. Death after pediatric intensive care in the United Kingdom is uncommon, making assessment of health status important. At 6 months after admission, there is significant morbidity. To assess the impact of strategies to improve or to optimize care on longer-term outcomes, standardized collection of data on preexisting comorbidities and illness severity is required.


We continue the study of optimal chordal packings, with emphasis on packing subspaces of dimension greater than one. Following a principle outlined in a previous work, where the authors use maximal affine block designs and maximal sets of mutually unbiased bases to construct Grassmannian $2$-designs, we show that their method extends to other types of block designs, leading to a plethora of optimal subspace packings characterized by the orthoplex bound. More generally, we show that any optimal chordal packing is necessarily a fusion frame and that its spatial complement is also optimal.


The paper introduces the application of GPS technology in the first class control network in Nanjing Metro. From the engineering case, it can be concluded that the GPS technology can not only improve the surveying precision and efficiency, but also can reduce the working intensity greatly.


The last decades, there have been many efforts in the scientific field of Humanities Computing in order to create standards and useful tools to edit, manage and deliver the humanities textual material in the web. Editing and delivering electronically the textual material was the basic implementation of Computing in the Humanities field. Those procedures were of major importance in promoting, managing and editing texts.
The humanists, in order to manage and represent electronically the humanities texts, have used the markup languages (HTML, SGML, and XML). The languages SGML and XML proved to be more efficient, because of their structure, for the creation of standards and metadata concerning the electronic textual material, in comparison to HTML.
The particular article examines the Text Encoding Initiative standard (TEI), which was established in 1987. TEI was initially based on SGML but, nowadays, there is also a TEI - XML compatible version. Its main target was to function as a community – based standard that helps libraries, museums, publishers, and individual scholars represent all kinds of literary and linguistic texts for online research and teaching. By giving a general description of the TEI Document Type Definition (TEI DTD) and its components, we will prove TEI's usefulness for humanities textual material. At the same time, we will emphasize on the use and importance of TEI Header, which is mandatory part of the TEI DTD. The TEI Header offers valuable information to the users that search and retrieve the electronic documents and, at the same time, to the librarians or the creators of the documents.
The TEI is used in a world wide basis, especially from libraries and archival institutions. This fact has led to a continuous research for the creation of tools to edit, represent, search and retrieve TEI documents. In parallel, the adoption of TEI in real world implementations makes obvious its advantages and, at the same time, its open research problems that have to be reconsidered in order to improve the standard. Those problematic areas will be analysed in the particular article.
Last but not least, the presentation of textual material encoded in TEI shows us not only the usefulness of TEI for the Greek humanists but also opportunity provided to exploit this standard in Greek humanities material.


Cardiovascular diseases, specifically atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of death worldwide. In the Netherlands alone, each year 100 people die from atherosclerosis. It is important to better understand the progression of this disease.
In the last 15 years, the role of inflammation and the immune system in atherosclerosis has been highlighted. The most important immune cells playing a role in atherosclerosis are monocytes. Monocytes are part of the innate immune system, which is rapid, aspecific and without any memory. The other immune system is called adaptive, and can obtain a memory by producing memory cells. Recently, it was discovered that this dichotomy is not true. Also monocytes can develop memory after a first encounter with a 'bad particle', after which the cell is turning hyperactive. There is no memory cell made here, the cell itself will become different. In my thesis, I studied the role of inflammation in the process of atherosclerosis with these new findings. I studied whether some forms of cholesterol can make monocytes hyperactive. And whether monocytes of patients with atherosclerosis are also hyperactive. Thirdly, I tried to unravel the mechanisms of this hyperactivity, in order to develop new drugs in the future


This paper presents an architecture centric approach applied to Web services oriented architectures and Web services composition. We aim at providing a high level Web services choreography specific language: π-Diapason. This later is formally based on the πcalculus and reuses most characteristics of Web services choreography languages. We were interested in interpreting π-Diapason description by using a virtual machine in order to check its behaviour. To do this, we use a meta model checker called MMC and we extend it in order to cover and interpret the π-Diapason language. MOTS-CLÉS : Approche centrée architecture, architectures orientées services Web, orchestration, composition de services Web, π-calcul, π-Diapason, MMC.


This study explored the role of academic self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation in mediating relationship of parental involvement with students' achievement at elementary level. Employing random sampling technique, a sample of 373 students; 183 boys and 190 girls was recruited from four public sector elementary schools of Multan city. A survey-based questionnaire measuring the research variables was administered to collect the data. Students' grades in Board's examination were used as achievement scores of the students. The results demonstrated significantly positive linkage of involvement of parents and students' achievement. Similarly, intrinsic motivation and academic self-efficacy were found to be mediating the relationship between parental involvement and academic achievement of students. These findings would be useful for the parents and school teachers in a way that could be helping in enhancing the students' performance by increasing parents' involvement in educational matters of children.


ABSTRACT Interactions within classrooms contribute to adolescents' democratic civic development by providing resources fostering students' political understanding. Many teachers participate in social or political groups in their communities and more broadly. These out-of-school experiences inform their classroom practices and are contextualized by national situations. The role played by these experiences has received little attention from social studies researchers. The present analysis examined teachers' organizational participation and its association with classroom discourse and practices by utilizing large-scale data from 12 countries in Europe and Asia. A person-centered statistical approach identified four organizational participation profiles among teachers that were further examined in relation to classroom practices. Teachers who were active in a broad range of organizations were likely to provide more stimulating civic and political learning environments with potential to foster students' active construction of civic and political understanding. Contextual factors and implications for civic and citizenship education at school are discussed.


At the beginning of the twentieth century St. Petersburg fell victim to a wave of petty crimes and violence. Starting around 1900 the press began to report an increasing number of cases of annoying public rowdiness, drunkenness, rock throwing, shouting of obscenities, and the like. Soon more serious crimes were added to this list: armed assault, robbery, and brawling. None of these crimes was new and they seem to have had little in common with one another, yet they were all lumped together and collectively portrayed as a new urban blight. This disparate assortment of offenses was dubbed hooliganism, and the word—imported from England where it recently had been coined—was quickly absorbed into Russian usage. Between 1900 and 1905 hooliganism received a substantial amount of attention in the popular press, where by 1905, it had been transformed from a vaguely defined and relatively isolated phenomenon—one crime among many—into a social problem of serious proportions. Hooliganism had become a sign of urban social disintegration and a symbol of the "degeneracy" and "danger" of the urban lower classes.


Abstact: The solar air heater is newly developed air tight circular collector in which dull black powder coated aluminum tube of thickness 1.0 mm is used as absorber. The absorber tube is placed cocentrically in borosilicate glass tube, and at the both ends of these tubes neoprene rubber are place which will act as sealent to the air preasent between absorber and glass tubes and neoprene rubber also maintain gape between absorber and glass tube. These type of 04 assamblies are placed into the frame.A air inlet pipe conect four assamlies at bottom with air blower whoses speeds are regulat by ressistance regulator. Four assamlies are open in air outlet unit Efficiency evaluations were conducted during daylight hours over a 2month period and included extensive monitoring and recording of temperatures with type RTD (PT 100) placed at key locations throughout the system. The results confirmed the anticipated fluctuation in collector efficiency dependent on the time of day, solar energy irradiation, ambient temperature and circular tube surface mean temperature. An efficiency of approximately 78% was achieved.


The sections in this article are

Background and Introduction
Microelectrode Fabrication and Characterization
Microelectrodes
Nanodes
Microelectrode Arrays
Arrays of Coupled Electrodes
Independently Addressable Arrays

Properties of Microelectrodes
Reduced Ohmic Effects
Interfacial Capacitance
Electrode Response Times

Mass Transport
Instrumental Challenges

Applications
Electroanalysis
Small Sample Volumes
Biosystems
Spatial Sampling and Timescale
Sensitivity

Neuronal Networks for Drug Evaluations
Artificial Noses
Low Conductivity Media
Theoretical Descriptions
Voltammetry in the Absence of Deliberately Added Electrolyte
Voltammetry in Pure Liquid Organics
Complexation Equilibria
Electron Transfer Mechanisms
Analytical Applications

Solid State Investigations
Ultrafast Electrochemical Techniques
Transient Techniques

Steady State Electrochemistry
AC Electrokinetics

Future Directions
Electron Transfer Mechanisms
Neurochemistry
Medicine
Nonanimal-based Drug Testing
Prosthetic Devices

Analysis
Nanodevices and Circuits


The non-isothermal cryatallization kinetics of UHMWPE/PC and UHMWPE/HDPE-g-MAH/PC at different cooling rates had been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The analysis of DSC curves showed that for the same blends,the onset temperature(T0) and the peak temperature(Tp) of crystallization shifted to lower temperature,and crystallization peak broadening.With the addition of compatibillizer,T0 and Tp shifted to higher temperature,and the whole-time(Δt) and half-time(t1/2) increased,the crystallization rate decreased.The Mo's method was used to study the non-isothermal cryatallization process.It was found that when the relative crystallinity of both UHMWPE/PC and UHMWPE/HDPE-g-MAH/PC reached the same,F(T) of UHMWPE/HDPE-g-MAH/PC blends was bigger than that of UHMWPE/PC blends,the crystallization capacity decreased.


KSLV (Korea Space Launch Vehicle)-I is under development to place a 100-kg class satellite into a low earth orbit of 300times1500km. KSLV-I telemetry system will be composed of two telemetry streams: a lower (first) stage telemetry stream and an upper (second) stage telemetry stream. Different from the previously developed telemetry system by KARI for KSR (Korea Sounding Rocket) series, the new telemetry system has been required to meet the enhanced requirements on telemetry system. This paper introduces a new development of telemetry system for KSLV-I upper stage telemetry with MIL-STD-1553B data bus emphasizing on the design, implementation, evaluation test and salient features of the telemetry system


In the prefatory remarks to collections of this sort, it is commonplace to observe that the topic of concern is enjoying a new and unprecedented amount of scholarly attention. One must always be skeptical about such projections; often they tell us more about the agenda of a particular author than about trends in research. Moreover, social science is fickle, and the burgeoning concerns of one year frequently devolve to the backwash issues of the next. Recognizing the pitfalls of such prognoses, it would


17-year-old youth accidentally ingested Aparaquat, a herbicide which is an uncommon but potentially highly lethal cause of poisoning. He was initially managed at a regional hospital where, upon advice from a Victorian Poisons Information Centre toxicologist, he was commenced on dexamethasone, continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF), and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and sodium salicylate infusions. He was transferred to a transplant centre for consideration of lung transplantation where he was maintained on CVVHDF, dexamethasone and NAC for 2 weeks. Fortunately, despite ingestion of a potentially lethal dose of paraquat at 36.48 mg/kg, he recovered with mild restrictive respiratory deficits, steroid side effects, and oropharyngeal burns as sequelae.


A new type of classiication algorithm is introduced that works on the folded representation of concepts. The algorithm comprises two phases: a preprocessing phase working on the normal-form representation of concepts to test for unsatissability and tautol-ogy, and a structural classiier that generates predecessors and successors of concepts by exploiting new optimization techniques not available to standard classiiers. Working on the folded terminology instead of its expanded and normalized representation allows to signiicantly reduce the number of subsumptions tests that are necessary to correctly classify a concept. We describe the algorithm, and prove it sound and complete for two diierent languages. It can be extended to more expressive languages when combined with a new method for reasoning about number restrictions over role hierarchies based on diophantine equations. The algorithm is very fast and very well parallelizable taking less than 4 hours for the classiication of a terminology of 100,000 concepts on an SP2.


Breastfeeding mothers are still apprehensive in because there are many benefits of breastfeeding for less than 6 months but he has been delivering food and other liquid to the baby. Because the knowledge and support of the family is one of the important factors that mempengarugi a mother breast-feeding her baby The aim of this study to determine the relationship of the level of knowledge and support to breastfeeding families in the village Payolansek West Payakumbuh 2014. The design of this study used a descriptive cross sectional analytic study. The population of the study are all Mothers who have babies aged 6-12 months in the West Village Payakumbuh Payolansek of 40 people with accidental sampling technique sampling. The instrument consists of a questionnaire study of knowledge, support families by providing research data ASI. Analysis of research data and analysis of univariate analysis using bivariat.Results of univariate analysis showed that low maternal knowledge (27.5) and are no family support (67.5) and exclusive breastfeeding (47.5) The results of bivariate analysis using chi-square was no correlation with the level of knowledge of breast-feeding (P value = 0.002). But there is no relationship bermana family support with breastfeeding (P value = 0.007) The conclusion from this research that there is no significant relationship between the level of knowledge and support to breastfeeding families in the Village West Payakumbuh Year 2014 Payolansek This research is expected to be input for health care institutions and can be used as a reference by subsequent researchers.


The data about influence of the complex inorganic molecules K4[Ru2Cl10O] on dielectric properties and the transition point of KH2PO4 (KDP) crystal are obtained. It is revealed that the selective penetration of the dopant into prismatic {010} sectors results in a remarkable suppressing of the domain contribution in dielectric constant of these sectors whereas dielectric properties of pyramidal {101} sectors are identical to the pure crystal. The measurements near transition point reveal that the maximal value of ϵc shifts by 0.36 K to lower temperatures in doped sectors.


The titanic branch is one of most successfully developing directions of industrial production of the Russian Federation, its development is connected with creation of a titanic cluster. On the one hand, competitive advantages are a driving force of development of clusters. On the other hand, the market competition can lead to infringement in a cluster of social and ecological interests. The parity of economic, ecological and social interests is reached on the basis of a sustainable development of society. Successful realization in practice of a paradigm of a sustainable development considerably depends on possibilityof a quantitative assessment of stability. For the solution of this task in article the analysis of methodical approaches, now in use for an assessment of a sustainable development is made. It is established that the system of the indicators reflecting this approach, is insufficiently developed. The author offered complex system of indicators of a sustainable development (branch, the enterprise). It qualitatively differs from approaches now in use: – for productions and the branches using renewable resources (metallurgy and metal working concerns to them), it is offered to allocate the fourth direction – responsibility in a zone of rational use of resources; – the system of indicators characterizing zones of responsibility for the account of introduction is expanded: a) the indicators based on application of DS. It provided uniform approach, comparability and continuity of indicators both on micro and mesolevels, and on responsibility zones (economic, social, ecological); b) indicators of formation and metalfund use (the general, extensive, intensive) in the sphere of rational use of resources. Such approach allowed for the branches using renewable resources (for example, metal) to reflect level of their rational use.


Gremese et al. (1) argue that "more data" are needed to assess the effects of treatments in patients with COVID-19. A major lesson gained from the torrent of publications on COVID-19 (>200,000 in 2 y) concerns the importance of the quality rather than the quantity of data. Indeed, understanding the data-generating process is fundamental to evaluate data collected with lack of design in emergency protocols with no inclusion/exclusion criteria, no randomly selected cohorts, and, often, no adequate controls. In these situations, large amounts of data with poor data quality might magnify the effect of confounding bias instead of improving information. Most published studies defined as "population based" investigate the effect of drugs in COVID-19 by computing odds ratios with controls extracted from public registries. However, proper "controls" should consist of infected disease-free subjects who are indeed hardly available. Even COVID-19 cohort studies may not really control for confounding effects, since the choice of cohorts in COVID-19 is also very critical. How can we evaluate the absolute effect on COVID-19 survival of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, antidiabetics, or anticoagulants by comparison with "administrative" controls or cohorts of patients with no information provided on their infective status or matched by all comorbidities? This uncontrolled data frame should encourage researchers to find novel statistical methods for uncomplete study designs that account for the "unstructured" nature of the data. In dealing with "real-world data," increasing sample size may shrink the confidence intervals and amplify the impact of survey bias, an instance of big data paradoxes (2). Thus, the "amount" of data may not help in providing conclusive assessments on the combined effects of treatments in COVID-19 patients admitted in critical condition, mostly with several comorbidities and previous treatment protocols. Even in the cited study on anticoagulants (direct oral anticoagulants [DOAC]) (3), out of 100,000 patients, there were only 360 hospital admissions for COVID-19 in patients on DOAC with atrial fibrillation (AF) versus two controls groups, one with AF and one with cardiovascular disease. Thus, any inference on possible effects of DOAC is not robust, with patients belonging to different populations with no correction for unbalanced comorbidities (kidney disease was threefold in the third cohort compared to the first). In our paper (4), these considerations are placed within a "statistical thinking" perspective, "profiling" patients with respect to their survival driven directly by high-quality data and discovering what makes patients more likely to survive, "conditional" on the treatments. We implemented different scenarios within a Bayesian perspective to evaluate dependence structure among covariates and the effect of different treatment combinations by means of posterior probability. This suggests the protective effect of renin– angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi), removing doubts on discontinuing RAASi in hypertensive patients with COVID-19.


To study the effects of moment-rotation characteristics of connections and load magnitude on the behavior of composite frames, nonlinear finite element method is presented considering the effects of the moment-rotation characteristics of beam-to-column connections, composite action of slab and geometric nonlinearity. The stiffness matrixes of structures and fixed-end forces of members are modified by introducing an end-fixing factor. The results indicate that the moment-rotation characteristics of connections affect the forces and deformations of the composite frames, while the load magnitude has no significant effect in the range of 0.143 r00.727. In addition, the effects of semi-rigid connection and composite action of slab on the behavior of steel frames must be properly considered in design. The proposed finite element method can be used in practice.


The restoration of the lands occupied by tailing dumps is a complex process that takes place over time, depending on the conditions provided in the field by previous actions of land stabilization, afforestation. The evaluation of renaturation is very important by the fact that it will result in an assessment of biodiversity in dumps areas, at the overground level, the layer of grasses, shrubs and trees and the underground level and where appropriate, at the aquatic level. This short review aims to present in terms of dimensional and by categories, the areas occupied by tailing dumps and the main results of the research on tailing dumps in our country. This research aimed renaturation of the dumps areas, by analyzing the development of various forest species and grasses, the microbiological characteristics of soil from the tailing dumps covered with vegetation and aquatic ecosystems installed in lakes or puddles formed in its contents between the tailing dumps.


Various investigators have studied conditions necffisary for the development of oxidized flavor, but little attention has been directed to the relationship between the time of contamination with copper and the pasteurizing process. Likewise little is known concerning the effects of surface and internal cooling on the development of oxidized flavor in milk. In order to determine whether pasteurization has any effect on the development of oxidized flavor in milk it was decided to study this factor by the use of specially constructed glass pasteurizing and cooling equipment, in which milk could be handled under conditions similar to those obtaining in milk-pasteurizing plants, with the exception that no metallic contamination of the milk by the equipment would be possible.


This work aimed to describe physiognomy and structure of a Dense Ombrophyllous Forest fragment located in Catende, Pernambuco. All trees with DAP (breast height diameter) ≥ 4.77 cm were measured in 40 10 x 25 m plots, systematically installed in five transects. A total of 1049 individuals were observed, distributed in 91 species, 64 genera and 37 botanical families. Mimosaceae and Lauraceae were the families with higher species number, while Anacardiaceae and Moraceae had the highest individuals numbers. Shannon index (H') was 3.83 nats/ind. Total basal area, height and diameter (average and maximum) were 23.59 m 2 /ha, 13.57 m (± 7.13), 45 m, 13.20 cm (± 10.60) and 127.32 cm, respectively.  The species with higher importance values were Tapirira guianensis Aubl., Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith, Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Rusby, Thyrsodium spruceanum Benth., Plathymenia foliolosa Benth., Brosimum discolor Schott, Parkia pendula (Willd.) Benth. ex Walp., Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin, Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Miers and Cecropia palmata Willd. Diametric distribution had an inverted-J-like curve, predicted for a forest unequal in ages in a secondary succession stage.


. Millions of students have been impacted, not least in Indonesia, by the temporary closure of educational institutions in an effort to stop the Covid-19 pandemic from spreading over the globe. The interruption of the learning process between students and lecturers as well as the cancellation of learning assessments have an effect on all students' psychological well-being and lower their overall academic standards and abilities. All components of education must shoulder this burden, especially the state, which must support the continuation of schools so that all parties involved in education can conduct distance learning. How could Indonesia prepare for the recovery of COVID 19 and deal with it to minimize further educational losses. In this instance, a study was carried out with the intention of identifying student learning challenges during the COVID-19 epidemic utilizing the observational approach and giving students questionnaires regarding the learning difficulties they encountered. This kind of research uses a quantitative method and is descriptive. In this study, descriptive statistical analysis was the method of data analysis. The findings of the analysis of student learning diffi-culties during the COVID-19 pandemic at Health Colleges revealed that 28.31% of respondents claimed that lecturers were to blame for these issues because they deliveredunclearmaterialthatwasdifficultforstudentstounderstand,whichmade communicationbetweenstudentsandlecturerslessclear.Identificationbasedon studentdatarevealsresultsofupto33,47percentofstudentswhoarepassively waitingfortheteachertoexplainsuchthatlearningbecomesboring.38students, or22%ofthetotal,weretheresultsoflesseffectivelearningmethodsandmodels employedinthedeliveryofthecontent.Inthisinstance,itisclearthatavariety ofelements,includinglecturers,students,andthetechniquesandlearningmodels employed,contributetostudents'difficultyinlearning.


Abstract: Our project aim is to design a system that will automate the college transport fare collection process using GPS contactless smartcard technologies as well as provide industrial IOT facilities to knows present location of the college vehicle and the arrival time at the particular bus stop. The system keep tracking of each passenger will be able to know the current balance in his smartcard amount and can recharge it when needed. The present generation requires the information time to time. The use of technology has been increasing day by day. So, we are planning for the combination of present technology with the requirements of information transmission, we planned for the creative approach " Vehicle Tracking System Using GPS and GSM". To overcome the drawback of the previous method of a Project based and we introduced a project to track a vehicle using GPS and GSM. Vehicle tracking system can also be used for accident detection alert system. The tracking system and many more by just make few changes in hardware and software and widely in tracking cab/taxi, stolen vehicles, school/college buses etc. Student safety is a primary in our society. Increased rate of children abduction signify the relevance of a proper mechanism to track children. The current system involves parents calling the cab driver to ensure student has boarded the bus and to know the current location. There us always an element of uncertainty regarding student whereabouts. Proposed system involves a low-cost solution by allowing parents to track child location via a mobile application. The system involves allotment of a unique identification for each student using RFID (Radio Frequency based identification system). Live tracking of the bus is enabled using GPS (Global Positioning System).


Educational consultants are often asked to help teachers and parents develop strategies that address the homework problems of students with reading and writing disabilities. Frequently, these students resist completing homework, which can cause considerable family strife and negatively affect school-family relationships. Thus, consultants must know how to structure homework for these students and how to work with their teachers and parents to enhance students' motivation to complete homework. In this article we (a) examine the value of homework for students with reading and writing problems; (b) provide guidelines and suggest practical solutions to their homework problems from the perspective of curiosity theory, learned helplessness, behaviorism, and anxiety reduction; and (c) describe the consultant's role in ameliorating homework problems.


Two nitrobacteria after separation and purification were numbered X1 and X2 from the activated sludge after the domestication which came from the coking wastewater chemical and biological treatment station aerobic tank.By comparing experiment,X2 denitrfying bacteria was found to be an advantageous one.Under the following conditions: In the white sugar for the electron donor;inoculum 30%;initial NH+4-N255.2mg/L;pH7.5±;temperature 30℃ and after 24h aeration in a row,the removal rate of NH+4-N was as high as 92.2 percent.The optimal experiment conditions for the best biological removal rate of NH+4-N are temperature 25~30℃,pH 8.0.


Review on DDX1 (DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated.


This paper presents the firsts steps of the development of a new spectropolarimeter with a high potential for space applications. The instrument, designed on birefringent elements, avoids the need for rotating elements and may cover the entire Stokes vector on a large wavelength band. In addition, the architecture of the modulator enables a very high polarimetric efficiency, placing this concept above classical spectropolarimeters. A new proof for the solution uniqueness is presented, and base on that, a thorough analysis of the polarimetric efficiency.


Mass behavior of electrospray ionization and fragmentation mechanism of 4 harmful textile dyestuffs(direct red 28,basic red 9,disperse blue 1 and disperse yellow 1) were discussed using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(ESI-MS/MS).Experiments demonstrate that polar groups in molecule affect the ionization behavior of strong polar dyestuffs(direct red 28 and basic red 9).But for weak polar dyestuffs(disperse blue 1 and disperse yellow 1),the electron-withdrawing groups and electron-donating groups have great effects on the ionization behavior.Most characterized ions are even-electron ions(EE) due to soften ionization of ESI.The chromophore groups in the researched dyestuffs,such as azo,triphenylmethane,anthraquinone and nitrobenzene are found to cleavage in the mode of collision induced dissociation(CID).In ESI-MS/MS spectra,there are two main fragmentation pathways of a EE: one involves loss of an neutral molecule to yield another EE,and the other involves loss of an neutral radical(EE0·) to yield an odd-electron ion(OE·).Beside,the molecular mass(m/z) of both EE and OE· are found to follow their corresponding nitrogen rules in accordance with the nitrogen atoms contained.


This study presents the safety assessment of single spans glued laminated (glulam) timber beams with bottom CFRP plates. The philosophy adopted in the design of the FRP simple beams as stated in BS 5400; part 1, is to verify the structural adequacy at the defined ultimate and serviceability limit state. The FRP strengthening was designed to avoid further cracking such that the transverse flexural capacity is higher than the cracking moment. The Finite Element technique considering composite timber with FRP laminates using First Order Reliability Method showed satisfactory performance. The result of the analysis as obtained using FORM shows that the simply supported glulam rectangular beam (100×200) considered at various load ratios, varying thickness of CFRP bottom plates and effective spans gave a minimum safety index value of (+1.18) when the span is increased to 6000mm with load ratio as low as (1) and a maximum safety of (+2.066), when the thickness of the plate is increased to 6mm considering failure due to moment capacity. The timber beams with bottom CFRP plates can only be safe when using a span of 5000mm. Also the load ratio is maintained at α = 1.9. Although the beam was safe in deflection when considering 1500mm and the safety index decreases with increase in effective length and increasing load ratio to a minimum value of (-0.28) when the load ratio is at maximum (+2).


Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. is one of important constrains for chili production in Indonesia. The disease may cause significant yield loses of economic importance. Variation in disease incidence and intensity frequently occur because of the variation in chili cultivar, cultural practices, weather condition, localities and species of Colletotrichum. This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of anthracnose disease on chili pepper in 9 regencies in Bali and species of Colletotrichum associated with anthracnose on chili pepper in Bali Island, Indonesia. Survey for disease incidence and intensity was conducted during March to April 2018. Two chili growing areas were surveyed in each regency. Anthracnose disease was found in all the chili growing areas in Bali. The average for anthracnose disease incidence was 63% while the average disease intensity was 68%. Two cultivars of chili pepper that commonly grown by the farmers in Bali namely "Cabe Rawit" with small fruit and hot taste and "Cabe Besar" with relatively bigger fruit and less hot taste showed different tolerance to anthracnose disease. The disease incidence on Cabe Rawit was relatively lower when compared to Cabe Besar in which the average disease incidence and disease intensity for Cabe Rawit were 59% and 64%, respectively, while that of Cabe Besar were 70% and 76%, respectively. Six species of Colletotrichum were identified based on the analysis of 18S rRNA gene. Among 18 isolates, 10 isolates (55.55%) were identified as Colletotrichum scovillei, 2 isolates (11.11%) were Colletotrichum acutatum, 2 isolates (11.11%) were Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, 2 isolates were Colletotrichum nymphaeae and one isolate each was identified as Colletotrichum fructicola and Colletotrichum truncatum. Results of present study revealed that Colletotrichum scovillei is the most prevalent species that associated with anthracnose disease in Bali, Indonesia. This is the first report on the prevalence of C. scovillei associated with anthracnose disease in chili pepper in Bali Indonesia. © 2019 Friends Science Publishers


For the last century high quality data sets of station data and derived gridded data is available for the Greater Alpine Region (GAR). This makes it possible to analyse the changes in the mean but also the extremes in temperature and precipitation over this time. Information on changes in the past in other relevant variables, where no long time series of observation data are available, but also an estimation on possible future changes can only be provided by climate modeling.


Abstract : One of many potential uses of the hydrogeomorphic (HGM) approach for assessing wetland functions is the monitoring of newly restored wetland sites to determine how quickly wetland functions develop and whether function-based mitigation objectives are being met. This technical note presents a case study of the application of the Western Kentucky Low-Gradient Riverine Guidebook to monitonng the development of wetland functions on a number of bottomland hard wood forest sites in the first 15 years following restoration or abandonment from agriculture.


Staiger K et al. Mitogenicity of Insulin in Breast Cells ... Horm Metab Res 2007; 39: 65 – 67 Introduction & In recent years, insulin analogues have become widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. Due to differences in the primary structure, these analogues show favourable pharmacokinetic properties. However, changes in the primary structure may not only alter pharmacokinetic profi les but could potentially also change biological properties. For example, modifi cations of insulin ' s natural sequence can result in increased mitogenic potency. This became evident when treatment with the insulin analogue Asp B10 induced both benign (fi broepithelial adenomas) and malignant (adenocarcinomas) mammary tumours in female rats [1] . As a consequence, insulin Asp B10 was removed from clinical trials. The increased mitogenic potency of insulin Asp B10 was also observed in a broad range of cell lines when compared with regular human insulin. Among clinically used insulin analogues, insulin glargine revealed an increased mitogenic potency only in one tumour cell line, the human osteosarcoma cell line Saos / B10 [2] . However, insulin glargine did not differ from regular insulin in its effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation of nontumour cell lines and its mitogenic properties in animal models [3, 4] . As insulin glargine, compared to regular insulin, exhibits an approximately 6-fold higher affi nity to the IGF-1 receptor [2] , and IGF-1R activation is regarded as an important step in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, we tested the mitogenic effects of insulin glargine, compared to regular insulin, in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and normal human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10). MCF-10 cells contain approximately 5.6 ng insulin receptor / 10 6 cells and 4.6 ng IGF-1 receptor / 10 6 cells [5] . MCF7 cells contain approximately 28 ng and 110 ng of insulin and IGF-1R / 10 6 cells, respectively [5] , i. e. MCF-7 cells express 3.9-fold more IGF-1 receptors than insulin receptors. To our knowledge, this is the fi rst study of insulin glargine in another tumour cell line besides the earlier tested osteosarcoma cells.


Objective Study on different Fractions of Acanthopanax Senticosus(Rupr.etMaxim.) Harms Leaves at different concentrations,and determine its antioxidative activities.Methods The antioxidative activities of Acanthopanax Senticosus compared with VC were investigated employing various methods established in vitro systems such as DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical ABTS(2,2-azo-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay measured by ultraviolet spectro-photometer.Results The elution fractions of Acanthopanax Senticosus exhibited significant antioxidant properties on ABTS free radical,DPPH radical scavenging systems,and good reduction.The inhibition of freeing radical scavenging ability of the different elution fractions from strong to weak is: 30%fraction10%fraction the total extracts50%fraction.The antioxidant properties of different fractions depended well on the their dose.With the increasing of the concentration various fractions,the antioxidative capacity was enhanced.The inhibition of ABTS radical scavenging was 99.541% at the concentration of 0.64mg/mL in 30% fraction,and the inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging was 95.331% at the same concentration in 30% fraction,both close to VC.The inhibition in 10% fraction was weaker than 30% fraction,it was 96.324%、88.033% respectively.In the reducing power assay,the absorbance was about closed to VC that was 2.269 of 30% fraction,and the 10% fraction was 2.155.Conclusion Different fractions of Acanthopanax Senticosus showed significant antioxidant properties,the 30% ethanol fraction exhibited highest antioxidant activities in different investigation systems.The present studies offered a scientific record that 30% ethanol fraction would be developped to be an antioxidant.


spirits that spoil the typewriting of those who transcribe African languages seem to have been held at bay, for only a few slips were noted—bongo for bengo (p. 95, line i$),Jamfa for jamfa (p. 82, line 34), nangiot ning (p. 51, line zj),jaa iotjaa (p. 152, line 3 8), and the absence of accents on the nga's on page 31, lines 11 and 12). A small sprite obviously led the author to translate tang ning kilingo (p. 52, line 17) as ' thirteen '. This is an essential work for serious students of Mandinka and makes a substantial contribution to our knowledge of the language, particularly by its analysis of word accent and sentence intonation, where a distinction is made between level accents when the pitch of the voice remains level throughout the word, and moving accents in which the voice may rise, fall, or remain level according to circumstances. As foreign language courses nowadays often have associated gramophone records, one wishes that those who present African languages were in a position to follow suit, for the student who is still at an elementary stage may be put off by the wealth of detail given. For the beginner a vocabulary of words occurring in the text would have helped considerably.


Floral visitation does not necessarily mean pollination, as several animals utilize floral resources without transferring pollen. Since pollinators and thieves can affect the reproduction, morphology and diversification of flowering plants, we here investigated if attributes of flowers and flowering of plant species collected in the central Brazilian vereda would predict the pollination (pollen seeking) or theft (pollen/nectar theft) during the visits. It was hypothesized that non specialized flowers would have a higher incidence of thievery, where as specialization, for example, the presence of large and medium flowers with long corolla, making it difficult to access nectar, would lead to increased pollination. As a result, four attributes were mainly associated with illegitimate visits, and in order of importance, they are size (small), quantity of flowers per plant (large), flowering time (< 10 months) and floral type (inconspicuous). The richest and most abundant visitor groups, including bees, flies and wasps, acted mainly as potential pollinators, while cockroaches, butterflies, beetles, ants and hemipterans acted as thieves. However, further studies are required to confirm that this pattern is repeated in other larger and more diverse communities, thus confirming the possible preference for floral thieves.


Sulfur dioxide residues of litchi treated with sulphur fumigation were studied during storage. The residues in peeland aril differed a lot from different kinds of litchi fruits, though they were treated with the same way. The sulfur dioxide residuesin peel were no more than 200×10-6 after 2d at 2 ℃, the residues in aril would decline to no more than 10×10-6 after 10d at2℃, when they were treated with moderate sulphur fumigation. The sulfur dioxide residues in peel were more than 150×10-6in 26d at 2℃, the residues in aril would decline to no more than 10×10-6 after 16d at 2℃, when they were treated with moresulphur fumigation.


This paper, from the perspective of basic spirits of constructive postmodernism and in the light of the limitations in the present research on instruction theory in our country, analyzes and expounds the four enlightenments of constructive postmodernism for instruction theory, i.e.,advocating the creativity in theoretical research, encouraging the diverse research styles, respecting the equality and legitimacy of research" differences" and concerning heartedly the world of humanities.


This article discusses the Australian television drama, Cleverman, a show that blends together science fiction, conventions of the superhero genre, and influences from Indigenous storytelling to yield an honest critique of modern Australian politics. Tackling Australia's
 documented history of Indigenous maltreatment while weaving in elements of the Dreaming, the article dissects how Cleverman depicts the legacy of intercultural and intergenerational trauma inflicted upon Indigenous populations, provoking a discourse on how government initiatives continue
 to have serious, negative repercussions on marginalized communities.


Musethics – a shaking wave of freedom between utopia and catastrophe The author presents cultural facts in the development of contemporary music and the participation of artificial intelligence in creating, co-creating, and performing music. Brochocka sees a parallel between the rapidly growing disparity of knowledge and skills leaning towards computers and electronics People overshadowed by vision and pleasure seem to forget more and more the hardship of acquiring knowledge. The article recalls technical and philosophical problems, the advantages and dangers related to the current state of musical theory and practice. The Land of Musethics is a fantastic tool for visualizing and delving into the intricate world of sounds heard in the moment or captured for later experience. Keywords: artificial intelligence, ethics, music, acoustics, electronics, competition


Taking the curriculum system reform as a breakthrough in the system engineering teaching innovation.The contents of teaching should be enriched and updated,and keeping pace with the times.Using the achievements in scientific research to promote and deepen reform in teaching.Using curriculum innovation to improve the teaching quantity and encourage the student's creative consciousness.


The present work was carried out to improve the quality and shelflife of local dry date fruit variety of Pakistan, Aseel by using different gamma irradiation doses and to examine the effect of gamma irradiation treatment on infestation and microbial load. Dry dates were found to be contaminated with aerobic mesophilic bacteria, yeast and molds. Different fungal species and E.coli were detected in irradiated and control samples. When different gamma radiation doses were applied, complete inhibition of insect growth for upto 6 months was achievable however microbial growth was not reduced to acceptable level which can be lowered by prior physico-chemical treatment.


All the unitary and grade star irreps of the quantum supergroup Uq(osp(2‖2n)) are classified in terms of their highest weight labels.


This work analyses the influence of processing parameters in the quality of Al/SiC composites,produced from AA7075 machining chips, employing semi-solid technology. Processing route involves the following basic steps: mixing of chips and reinforcing partic les, compacting of mixtures, heating and thixoforming the compact. It was analyzed the influence of some operational parameters of the different processing steps, in the general distribution of SiC particles in the matrix and in the porosity and density of products. Results show better reinforcement dispersion in the matrix when reducing initial chips dimension; increasing mixing time and intermediate thixoforming temperature; extra addition of Si and Al2O3 powders leads to lower porosity in the product when coarse chips are used and has the opposite effect when fine chips are used.


These two 40-ton electric side-arm pusher locomotives were placed in service recently on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. These units operate on a special narrow-gauge track between standard railroad tracks. Power is supplied to each unit's two electric motors by a 250-volt third rail. Pincer-shaped arms, which spring out on both sides of the locomotive and hook onto the freight cars, enable the units to move two lines of freight cars simultaneously when necessary. By moving cars swiftly to the unloading area and back again, these side-pushers eliminate the tremendous amount of shuttling required with standard switchers. This installation makes possible the unloading of a 30,000-ton ore boat in 24 hours. The locomotives were built by the General Electric Company.


Isomeric acylcarnitines are indistinguishable by tandem mass spectrometry. This methodological deficiency can be overcome by including a chromatographic component in the analysis procedure. Isomeric acylcarnitines were synthesized and their pentafluorophenacyl esters chromatographed by HPLC and detected by ESI/MS using a quadrupole ion‐trap instrument. Separations were demonstrated for butyryl‐ and isobutyrylcarnitine, tigloyl‐ and 3‐methyl‐crotonylcarnitine, valeryl‐, isovaleryl‐, 2‐methyl‐butyryl‐ and pivaloylcarnitine, valproyl‐ and octanoylcarnitine, succinyl‐ and methyl‐malonylcarnitine (2 diastereomeric forms), glutaroyl‐ and ethyl‐malonylcarnitine (2 diastereomeric forms), adipoyl‐ and 3‐methyl‐glutaroylcarnitine, trans‐2‐octenoyl‐ and cis‐3,4‐cyclopropane‐heptanoylcarnitine, and trans‐2‐hexadecenoyl‐ and palmitoleoylcarnitine. Analysis of plasma and urine specimens where isomeric acylcarnitines are distinguished demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.


This paper presents the results of the content analysis of 139 Web of Science papers focused on collaborative innovation with external stakeholders of public administration, specifically on co-production and co-creation. The analysis included papers published between 2009 and 2018 and was based on a coding scheme consisting of 12 parameters grouped into four groups: paper descriptors, financial support of the research, methodological framework, and co-creation characteristics. The results reveal a considerable increase in researchers' interest in co-production and co-creation in the context of public administration in the last few years. This is particularly the case in Northern and Western Europe, where Anglo-Saxon and Nordic administrative traditions dominate. Furthermore, the results show that co-creation is most often placed in the contexts of social policy and welfare, as well as health care. Over the selected period, research seldom addressed companies as a target group in the co-creation of public services—in comparison to citizens and internal users. More than three quarters of the papers observed were empirical and less than 20% were quantitative. In general, a lack of conceptual clarity was often identified through the interchangeable usage of the terms co-creation and co-creation and the low level of international comparison—the majority of the papers focused on case descriptions at a national level, even though collaborative innovation is strongly related to administrative traditions dominating in specific regions.


Electron in a quasi one-dimensional NbSe3 whisker crystal form a collective state at low temperature. It is called charge density wave (CDW) state. Under certain condition, NbSe3 grows as a ring crystal with closed loop structure [1]. This kind of global structural change brings an effect on a formation of the collective state [2]. For observation of a global electronic property on the entire ring crystal, it is necessary to apply a probe method appropriate for the closed loop structure of a ring crystal. The light with a polarization of a closed loop structure, called a polarization vortex, is appropriate for this measurement.


One of the great things about browsing secondhand bookshops is the wonderful moments of serendipity and surprise you receive. Recently, I was in Barter Books,


Eight kinds of food grade spices were detected by electronic nose and analyzed by a variety of pattern recognition algorithms.The results showed that principal component analysis could entirely distinguish among 8 different kinds of spices.Linear discriminant analysis could not successfully distinguish these spices with 3 of them overlapping though shortened intra-class distances were reported.A 100% recognition rate was acquired,when the spices were detected by the model based on discriminant factor analysis.The regression model built by partial least squares analysis was used to estimate unknown concentration of infusions of 4 spices showing errors between 4.0% and 8.7%.Therefore,electronic nose combined with proper recognition algorithms is able to differentiate among and identify spices and estimate their concentration.


The anatomical description of the area requiring dissection during cholecystectomy is incomplete and incor- rect.Wecarefullyobservedtheanatomyofthisregionforover 20 years in various biliary pathologies and present our view. Describing this area in the form of triangles is incorrect. There exists a definite plane between the two folds of peritoneum in this region, wherein the cystic duct and the cystic artery traverse. The description of the "triangles" that require dissec- tion during cholecystectomy are not strictly geometrical trian- gles; hence, the area bounded by these so-called triangles should be renamed as "Calot' sr egion." The surgeons should take advantage of the existence of a definite "ducto-arterial plane" in the Calot's region and dissect it sharply to avoid ductal and vascular injuries.


Pseudoephedrine can be used to measure the level of contamination and to evaluate the effectiveness of decontamination for surfaces at a clandestine laboratory which has been contaminated during its operations. Surface wiping using appropriate wiping media have been suggested by cleanup guidelines. Some wiping vehicle used for low levels of pseudoephedrine showed possible formaldehyde contamination that leads to the detection of a pseudoephedrine-formaldehyde adduct upon GC-MS analysis. A spectrofluorometric method based on the Hantzsch reaction was used to quantify extractable formaldehyde from cotton wool, Whatman 40 and Sartorious filter papers. Formaldehyde was initially present in all the wiping media at levels up to almost 1.0 g per filter, but a detergent wash greatly reduced the level of formaldehyde contamination. Formaldehyde levels slightly increased when washed and dried wiping media were exposed to laboratory air for a period of 18 h to 48 h, whereas a control in a clean sealed bottle showed no increase. Therefore, materials used as surface wiping media must be properly treated or protected against formaldehyde contamination if pseudoephedrine is to be recovered and analysed underivatised using GC-MS.


. Runoff evaluation can be done in several ways ranging from traditional basic hydrological methods to mathematical models with computer programs. Each method has different conditions and limitations, such as hydrological methods which use simple calculation process and only a few parameters, but may give less accuracy results than the mathematical model that requires more input data and more complex preparing parameters as well as more parameters for calibration steps. Therefore, this study aims to apply basic hydrological methods for evaluating total-runoff to provide acceptable results as close as the target mathematical model. The study areas were in Upper-Chi River basin and Lamsapung basin, Thailand. The proportions or relationships in the new forms of CN' and C' from the basic SCS-CN and Rational methods respectively were created. The new forms could be used as representative variables for evaluating run-off and giving accepted results close to the results of mathematical model (SWAT model). The results showed that all 3 methods could be used to evaluate the total runoff with good results. Furthermore, the new variables of CN' and C' which represented variables for evaluating the total-runoff with SCS-CN and Rational methods provided acceptable results in the forms of monthly values.


Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of fibrolaryngoscopic surgery and suspension laryngoscopy surgery on treating vocal cord polyps,and to discuss the choice of different laryngoscopic surgeries.Methods Clinical data of 300 patients with vocal cord polyps from Jan.2000 to Nov.2006 were analyzed retrospectively in which 150 cases were treated under suspension laryngoscope surgery( suspension laryngoscope group) and 150 cases were treated by fibrolaryngoscopic surgery( fibrolaryngoscope group) .The duration of fellow-up was 1 months in all patients.The clinical effects of two kinds of surgeries were observed and the effects were compared.Results The general cure rate amounted to 98.67% and 95.33% respectively in suspension laryngoscope group and in fibrolaryngoscope group,but there was no significant difference between them,P 0.05.Conclusions The clinical results of different operation methods have no reasonable difference.A proper operation method is to be chosen according to the patient's condition to ensure a good effect of treatment.


We experimentally observe photonic Landau levels that arise due to a strain-induced pseudomagnetic field in a silicon photonic crystal slab. The Landau levels are dispersive (i.e., they are not flat bands) due to the distortion of the unit cell by the strain. We employ an additional strain which induces a pseudoelectric potential to flatten them.


This article emphasizes the importance of behavioral considerations at individual, organizational, and environmental levels of analysis when researching and evaluating the design, implementation, and use of group decision support systems (GDSS) within complex organizations. Discussion is based on interview and archival data collected on an executive level GDSS used within a corporate setting. Issues that are considered generalizable to organizational computing, coordination, and collaboration technologies concern (a) viewing organization participants as strategic, intuitive information processors, (b) understanding the importance of organizational power, politics, and situational constraints on decision making, and (c) appreciating the symbolic value of advanced information technologies to an organization's external environment.


Aim. Optimization of reaction of substituted 5-aminopyrazoles with a-haloketones to form annealed 2,6,7-trisubstituted 1H-imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazoles. Materials and methods of research. The methods of organic synthesis, instrumental methods of organic compound analysis were used. Results. A scheme for the synthesis of 2,6,7-trisubstituted 1H-imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazoles by the interaction of 5-amino-4-arylsulfonyl-3-methylthiopyrazoles 1a-b with chloroacetone, phenacyl bromide and 2-chlorocyclohexanone was developed. In contrast to the previously described interaction of substituted 5-aminopyrazoles with chloro (N-aryl) acetamides proceeding exclusively with the release of N 1 -alkylation products, in this reaction a mixture of N 1 - and N 2 -isomeric alkylation products is formed. The ratio of isomers depends on the nature of the reagents and, according to the 1H NMR-spectroscopy, is about 60:40 %.The developed technique allows with one of the synthetic procedure to carry out N 1 -alkylation of 5-aminopyrazoles 1a-b and the cyclization of products 2 in imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazoles 4a-c without isolating the N 2 -alkylation product. The purity of the obtained compounds is proved chromatographically, the structure is confirmed by the data of 1H NMR-spectroscopy. Conclusions. Optimized reaction of substituted 5-aminopyrazoles with a-haloketones to form annealed 2,6,7-trisubstituted 1H-imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazoles for targeted synthesis of the novel agents for the pharmaceutical practice


PurposeThis study proposes a systematic and comprehensive circular economy (CE) performance measure as an instrument to operationalize and quantify circularity. It seeks to evaluate the relative contribution of blockchain technology to evaluate various measures in this study. A general research agenda for investigating blockchain capabilities to performance assessment in CE is presented.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical survey data from 32 CE and blockchain experts are collected to inform this study. Inductive reasoning, heatmaps, and a middle-range theory building approach are utilized to generalize theoretical patterns for blockchain support of CE performance assessment and measurement. A series of propositions are then developed as a middle-range theory for the true, false, perceptible, and hidden affordances of blockchain technology capabilities for CE performance measurement.FindingsOverall, sixteen performance measures and metrics are identified and examined. The authors find most of these measures and metrics – based on literature and expert opinion – can be supported using blockchain technology capabilities. Four major blockchain capabilities, transparency and traceability, reliability and security, smart contracts, and incentivization and tokenization are shown to have varying potential support for CE performance assessment. There needs to be an evaluation of true, false, perceptible, and hidden affordances of blockchain technology capabilities for CE performance measurement in future studies.Originality/valueBlockchain application for CE, and specifically performance measurements, is a new area. Research and practice evaluation on this issue is important but needs substantially additional investigation to help CE progress. This study provides a framework for evaluation and a foundation for future research at the nexus of CE, blockchain technology, and performance measurement.


Abstract The supersonic jet over a convex wall is numerically investigated using the delayed detached-eddy simulation method based on the two-equation shear-stress transport model. The current study focuses on instabilities, turbulent statistics and the influence of compressibility effects. A widely applicable data-driven modal decomposition approach, called dynamic mode decomposition is used to gain further insight into the dynamical behaviours of the flow. The results demonstrate that streamwise vortices caused by the centrifugal force play significant roles in shear layer instabilities. The spanwise modulation of the streamwise vortices induces inflection points in the flow, resulting in secondary shear layer instability. This instability, which is sustained by the side-to-side sway of the streamwise vortices to obtain energy from the mean flow, dominates the rapid growth of the shear layer and turbulent stresses in the growth region. In the self-similar region, there is not only self-similarity of velocity profiles, but also self-similarity of normalized turbulent stresses. The compressibility effect significantly inhibits the growth of the shear layer and the formation of large-scale streamwise vortices. The investigation of turbulent stresses in the self-similar region with increasing convective Mach number indicates that the compressibility effect enhances turbulence anisotropy.


Like and Saturn's moon Titan, Triton has a haze layer thought to be composed of organics formed through photochemistry. Here, we perform atmospheric chamber experiments of 0.5% CO and 0.2% CH 4 in N 2 at 90 K and 1 mbar to generate Triton haze analogs. We then characterize the physical and chemical properties of these particles. We measure their production rate, their bulk composition with combustion analysis, their molecular composition with very high resolution mass spectrometry, and their transmission and reflectance from the optical to the near-infrared with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. We compare these properties to existing measurements of Triton's tenuous atmosphere and surface, as well as contextualize these results in view of all the small, hazy, nitrogen-rich worlds of our solar system. We find that carbon monoxide present at greater mixing ratios than methane in the atmosphere can lead to significantly oxygen- and nitrogen-rich haze materials. These Triton haze analogs have clear observable signatures in their


Blocking a V b 3 integrin occupancy results in attenuation of the cellular migration response to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). To determine whether integrin an-tagonists alter other IGF-I-stimulated biologic actions, quiescent smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were exposed to echistatin and their ability to respond to IGF-I was determined. Echistatin (10 2 7 M) inhibited IGF-I-stimulated DNA synthesis by 80%, and the protein synthesis response also was inhibited. Therefore blocking occupancy of a V b 3 inhibited multiple target cell actions of IGF-I. To determine whether blocking a V b 3 occupancy could alter IGF-I receptor-mediated signal transduction, the ability of IGF-I to stimulate phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) was analyzed. A 10-min exposure to 100 ng y ml of IGF-I resulted in a substan-tial increase in phosphorylated IRS-1, and echistatin (10 2 7 M) blocked the IGF-I-induced IRS-1 phosphorylation response. Echistatin also attenuated downstream signaling because the capacity of the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3 kinase) to bind to IRS-1 was blocked. In contrast, exposure of SMCs to vitronectin (1.0 m g y cm 2 ) or thrombospondin (0.25 m g y cm 2 ), two known ligands for a V


Today, many of manufacturing system integrators are pursuing new business solution on information technology (IT) embedding Internet of Things (IoT) functionalities. However, how about conventional type of system integrators? Although their customers already require new innovative IoT solutions, such integrators tend to still provide traditional operational technology (OT) solutions that the customers are less interested in. This is a cause of lack of knowledge of IT technology that OT engineers have never experienced. This paper introduces a preliminary study for a method development on pragmatic workshop combining with business model definition and IoT technology training for such OT system integrators. This workshop method particularly focuses on convergence of OT and IT; defining a new business value chain and experiencing of commercial IoT technology as hands-on session. This paper is mainly discussed a real case study as a preliminary trial in an industrial city in Far East region.


As more organizations begin to deploy taxonomies for categorization and faceted search, the cost of producing these knowledge models is becoming the largest expense on a project. At a cost of 200 - 300 dollars per topic, manually developing subject area taxonomies does not scale for any but the smallest of projects. This paper will discuss an approach called Orthogonal Corpus Indexing ( OCI ). OCI leverages existing published knowledge in the subject area of the taxonomy model. This knowledge is algorithmically mapped into multiple taxonomies via the OCI algorithm. The resulting taxonomy costs are 1/ 100th of the cost of manual methods and are created with embedded rule sets for categorization engines. This paper will discuss the theory of OCI, its practical use as well as examples of knowledge management techniques that are possible when taxonomies are large, detailed and inexpensive.


m-Toluidine was prepared by hydrogenation of m-nitrotoluene in the presence of amorphous Ni-B catalyst,effects of reaction parameters on the yield were studied.The results showed that the home-made amorphous Ni-B catalyst was effective.Under the conditions of m(catalyst)∶m(m-nitrotoluene)=1∶5,alcohol as solvent,reaction time 2 h,reaction pressure 1 MPa and reaction temperature 100°C,the yield of m-toluidine reached 99.8%.


The division-of-focal-plane polarization imaging system has a compact structure smal size and high real-time performance and simultaneously can achieve light intensity response of multiple polarization directions in single imaging It is one of the research hotspots of polarization imaging The planar structure reduces the spatial resolution of the image To reconstruct a polarized image at ful resolution and reduce the influence of the instantaneous field of view error interpolation of polarized images is essential To protect the tensor structure of polarized images the algorithm for interpolation of polarized images based on non-negative sparse tensor factorization is proposed First according to the non-negative sparse coding theory the four-channel polarization image block is tensor-decomposed Second the sparse representation is solved using nonlocal self-similarity constraints Finaly the reconstructed image blocks are inverted mapped according to the sampling matrix to obtain a ful resolution polarized image Experimental results show that quantitative indicators and image reconstruction effects of the proposed algorithm are more accurate than that of current mainstream algorithms


Abstract We find a convex-like feature at a distance of 0.68 pc (17″) from the position of the supermassive black hole, Sgr A*, at the center of the nuclear stellar cluster. This feature resembles a stellar bow shock with a symmetry axis pointing to the center. We discuss the possible nature of the feature and the implications of its alignment with other dusty comet-like objects inside the central parsec.


Abstract : The Air Force has entered an era in which the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has become not only acceptable, but desirable, for long-endurance reconnaissance missions. Many of the requisite technologies are mature; others need additional development. Moreover, there appears to be greater acceptance of UAVs in the conduct of Air Force mission tasks. The study group observed the need for an evolutionary approach to introducing the UAV into the Air Force mission, with special consideration given to UAV operation as complementary to manned aircraft. Such an approach will allow technical obstacles to be overcome as well as rules and concepts to be developed for successful integration of UAVs into the civil and military airspace environment and into operational tactics. The study group concluded that a number of key missions should be pursued as development and demonstration programs by the Air Force. These programs will serve to establish the utility of the UAV and to help develop the operational concepts. An example point design-a Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (SEAD) UAV with a roadmap for programmatic accomplishment-is provided along with a recommendation that a SEAD demonstration program be pursued. Some special subjects are presented, followed by overall recommendations and concluding remarks.


The focus of this research is the concept of dangerousness in criminal law and its increasing relevance not only in the context of measures to prevent dangerousness, but also under the penalty deserved for the wrongdoing. The research investigates the origins of the concept to include the social perspective of dangerousness, due to the social alarms that recidivism of certain types of crimes arouses. Empirical analysis of the predictable level of dangerousness identifies and expands on the implications that prediction carries, especially when the risk of recidivism is assumed and increased punishments are applied. Additionally, more questions arise relating to the credence given to the level of dangerousness within the penalty itself. Whenever different types of perpetrators, deemed dangerous, are punished with increased sentences, dangerousness gains relevance, without regard to the mere neutralization of an offender, aggravating factors, or peculiar imprisonment history. Finally, from empirical observations arises the possibility that the risk of recidivism could assume, if adequately considered, the creation of a rehabilitation plan individually tailored and conforming to the Constitution.


THIS INVENTION CONCERNS INDIVIDUAL FIREARMS, IN PARTICULAR REPEATING HUNTING RIFLES HAVING A FIXED OR ROTARY LOADER. IT INCLUDES AN ARMING MECHANISM FITTED IN FRONT OF THE LOADER 9 AND AT THE END OF THE MOBILE CYLINDER HEAD 13 TO BE CONTROLLED FORWARD BY A TRANSMISSION DEVICE LOCATED IN THE END 4 AND RESULTING IN A RELIEF MECHANISM 31; SINCE FIT 4 FORMING HOOK BEING FITTED WITH A REDUCED LENGTH CORRESPONDING TO THAT OF CANON TUBE 1 AND ITS BOX 2. THE INVENTION MAY BE USED FOR ANY TYPE OF RIFLE AND CHARGER AND ALSO WITH ARMOR DEVICES ARRANGED AT THE BACK OF THE CHARGER BUT WITH A RELIEF DEVICE PLACED AHEAD.


Summary: The sedimentary sequence in the subsurface of the Trondelag Platform (Mid-Norway) has been assessed with regard to its suitability for long-term storage of CO2. This study is part of the EU-funded CO2STORE project and was stimulated by the geographical proximity of the Trondelag Platform to planned CO2 point sources in Mid Norway. The sedimentary succession has been interpreted from seismic data and by analogy to the geology in the nearby Haltenbanken hydrocarbon province. Key seismic horizons have been mapped on seismic and depth-converted. Since no hydrocarbon exploration wells have been drilled in the Froan Basin area, the properties of the sedimentary formations are not known. In analogy to the sedimentary succession in hydrocarbon fields nearby, three formations of Jurassic age are likely to have properties suitable for CO2 injection: the Tilje, Ile and Garn Formations. These formations dip to northwest. It was assumed that the conformable seal of these formations is tight, while the Quaternary overlying their subcrop is not sealing. Small anticlinal traps and fault-bounded traps exist locally in these formations. A digital subsurface geology model has been generated based on the mapped horizons. Petrophysical properties of the potential reservoir formations are only tentatively known from nearby fields. Therefore several cases with variable reservoir properties have been simulated. The simulations are for simplicity restricted to the Garn Formation. They assume injection at the base of this formation, approximately 60 km (trap case) and 55 km (no-trap case) from its subcrop below the Quaternary, at a depth of approximately 1.9 km. None of the simulations with up to 100 Mtonnes injected CO2 resulted in any leakage largely because most of the CO2 was trapped in subtle structural traps. Dissolution of the CO2 into formation water and trapping as residual gas will aid local fixation of the CO2. The simulations utilised only one of three formations and only a small areal fraction of the Trondelag Platform (southeasternmost part of the Froan Basin area). The overall storage potential of the Jurassic formations of the Trondelag Platform is thus estimated to be of the order of several 1000 Mtonnes. A more detailed study is proposed to derive a more precise estimate of the storage capacity and to evaluate the seal quality above the reservoir formations.


Abstract This study investigated ideological belief bias, and whether this effect is moderated by analytical thinking. A Swedish nationally representative sample (N = 1005) evaluated non-political and political syllogisms and were asked whether the conclusions followed logically from the premises. The correct response in the political syllogisms was aligned with either leftist or rightist political ideology. Political orientation predicted response accuracy for political but not non-political syllogisms. Overall, the participants correctly evaluated more syllogisms when the correct response was congruent with their ideology, particularly on hot-button issues (asylum to refugees, climate change, gender-neutral education, and school marketization). Analytical thinking predicted higher accuracy for syllogisms of any kind among leftists, but it predicted accuracy only for leftist and non-political syllogisms among rightists. This research contributes by refining a promising paradigm for studying politically motivated reasoning, demonstrating ideological belief bias outside of the United States across diverse political issues, and providing the first evidence that analytical thinking may reduce such bias.


In this paper, numerical solution is presented for the steady state, two dimensional natural convection heat transfer from two parallel horizontal cylinders enclosed by circular cylinder. The inner cylinders are heated and maintained at constant surface temperature, while the outer cylinder is cooled at constant surface temperature. Boundary fitted coordinate system is used to solve governing equations. The vorticity-stream function and energy equations is solved using explicit finite deference method and stream function equation solved by successive iteration method. (20)Deferent cases are studied cover rang of Rayleigh number from (1,000) to (25,000) based on the inner cylinder diameter. These cases study the effect of the varying inner cylinders position horizontally and vertically within outer cylinder on the heat transfer and buoyancy that causes the flow. Outputs are displayed in terms of streamline, isothermal contours and local and average Nusselt number. The results showed that the position of the inner cylinders highly affects the heat transfer and flow movements in the gap. At low Rayleigh numbers the average Nusselt number increases with increase of horizontal distance between inner cylinders but the state is reversed at high Rayleigh numbers, while the average Nusselt number is increases with inner cylinder moving down at all Rayleigh numbers. The optimal position of inner cylinders for maximum and minimum heat transfer is located at each Rayleigh number so can be employed in isolation process or cooling process.