The purpose of this study was to explore students' learning satisfaction when applying concept mapping with computer assisted teaching tools and to reveal students' learning progress in Nanometer course. The research method adopted in depth interviews. A total of six participants from the Nanometer course at National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences in Taiwan participated in interviews lasting 30 to 60 minutes. The research results revealed that students satisfied with the concept mapping instruction in the Nanometer course. The concept mapping instruction did effectively improve students' comprehension and retention memories as well as inspire students' learning interests and enthusiasm for Nanometer technology. Additionally, students also agreed that concept mapping instruction is an applicable approach to be applied into other professional fields or self-applications besides the science-related subjects. Finally, results even further indicated the deficiencies and suggestions proposed from students for concept mapping instruction. Key-words Concept mapping instruction, Nanometer course, learning satisfaction, learning progress INTRODUCTION Concept Mapping has received considerable attention in education fields during the past decade, which has been under discussion about approval and recognition as a useful teaching and learning approach. In a bunch of previous researches, most researchers indicated that concept mapping successfully and effectively reinforced students' conceptual integrated knowledge (Chang, 2007; Chiu, 2004; Freeman, 2004; Marchand, D'Ivernois, Assal, Slama & Hivon, 2002). Moreover, concept mapping has been demonstrated to be a successful learning tool towards science related subjects since it includes the visual learning and computer assisted tools, such as power point, animations, video, audio, web pages, e-books, blogs, and digital courses to stimulate students' learning preferences and learning performances (Alpert & Grueneberg, 2000; Barker, 2005; Guastello, Beasley & Sinatra, 2000; Kinchin, 2006; Kinchin, 2000; Laigh, 2004; Zele, 2004). As a result, the benefits of concept mapping instruction have been always taken as an important core by a number of scholars mentioned above from many different viewpoints. P ge 14091.2 2 Concept Mapping and Meaningful learning As for the meaningful learning, Kinchin (2006) addressed that concept mapping was explicitly embedded within a constructivist approach of instruction with the aim to facilitate meaningful learning. The issue has been undertaken to show that students had better memory skills and better comprehension when making use of concept mapping as the chosen instruction (Kinchin & Hay, 2000). Some other researchers even pointed out that using animation to present ideas and notions would facilitate students' learning processes in better and effective way (Guastello, Beasley & Sinatra, 2000; Kinchin, 2000). Similarly, Lee and Nelson (2005) indicated that visual learning did help students to clarify their thinking and organize the new knowledge to elaborate and complete the presentation of knowledge. Teachers and students are supposed to have active interactions during the concept mapping instruction (Kinchin, 2003). Therefore, being different from the traditional teaching technique, concept mapping not only inspired students' learning interests, but also created an efficient learning environment for meaningful learning. The Concept Mapping Development in Taiwan In terms of the development of concept mapping in Taiwan's education community, a researcher Qiu (1989) used to mention that the concept mapping instruction has become a mainstream in Taiwan's education; more and more teachers therefore started applying it into their curriculum. However, looking from another side, the teaching tools utilized primarily in Taiwan's classroom activities still mainly focus on work sheets, conceptual graph poster displays, and text-based tools (Lee, 1997; Li & Wang, 2004). Therefore, the research towards the use of computer assisted teaching tool is always needed in Taiwan's community in order to help students better comprehend complicated concepts and extend the memory, especially for the high technology-based subject, such as Nanometer Technology. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY In this research, the researcher attempted to use concept mapping with computer assisted teaching tools as the main teaching approach to assist university technology students in learning Nanometer-related course to see how much progress the students achieved. In addition, based on this research, the study focused on designing a well-functioning concept mapping learning web platform to investigate students' meaningful learning satisfaction. METHODOLOGY Applying the same techniques and main questions for each in depth interview, this research was collected on 6 students, seniors from National Kaohsiung University of Applied Science, residing in Taiwan. The main purpose of the in depth interview was to understand the working processes of students' learning and satisfaction towards Nanometer. All of the informants took a pre-Nanometer course test to check their prior knowledge and the post-Nanometer course test to evaluate their learning achievements and measure their satisfaction. The interviews were held before and after taking the test. The research tool P ge 14091.3 3 adopted semi-structured interview outline, which included concept mapping teaching, teaching methods, concept mapping teaching descriptions, and concept mapping teaching barriers. Finally, the interview data concerning students' learning processes and satisfaction, before and after receiving concept mapping instruction, was analyzed based on the Ground Theory. RESULTS The collected data of this qualitative research was basically categorized by nine assertions as shown in Table 1; each issue fully explains the progress of students' learning and further explore the differences/consistencies between pre-test and post-test of receiving concept mapping instruction. In terms of the coding below, the coding B1002, A1002, "B" refers to the pre-test interview and "A" refers to the post-test interview. "1" refers to the first student and "002"refers to the second text in the transcript. TABLE 1: Results of in depth interviews Issue Pre-test Interview Post-test Interview Progress 1. How students think of concept mapping teaching core? "It is my first time to hear about concept mapping." ( B6099) "Concept mapping is a hierarchical structure and it links to each concept meaningfully. I think it extends many aspects and it really helps students to learn."(#B6099) Students' cognition toward concept mapping teaching core transformed from ambiguous to clear 2. What learning satisfaction students possess for concept mapping teaching method? "The teacher uses a computer to display power point as the auxiliary teaching tool, then, the teacher links power point and graphs to the lecture." ( B1094) "The teacher said he will use Flash in the future chapters, but he hasn't used it yet." B4016 "......This teaching method impresses me and it is organized. Some concepts are explicit and they are not easy to forget."( A1048) "...The diagram showed us three ways, one was contact, and the other one is un-contact. They are shown by the picture files and the teacher used Flash to help us better understand."(#A6059) Concept mapping, a different teaching method from the traditional instruction, which left student with a positive satisfaction toward the course teaching material 3. How concept mapping improve students' memory process and comprehension? "...We can memorize through pictures and discover how to apply concepts and it will be easier to answer the teacher's questions." B2038 "The pictures help us to comprehend Nanometer. We can associate with Nanometer theory in thinking and deducing. It helps us to memorize the teacher's lectures. B3159 " "Concept mapping utilized interesting materials and factual cases to make a description of Nanometer. It is easier for students to remember the concepts.... A5031 "...The pictures help us to visualize and comprehend the contents. I had heard something about Nanometer, but I have never seen it. I now recognized it immediately when I see the pictures." A3138 Concept mapping effectively improved students' memory processes and comprehension during the learning process in a more practical way 4. "I read the books that the teacher "We tended to have more initiative to figure Concept mapping P ge 14091.4 4 How concept mapping relates to students' learning effects and willingness? recommended only if I was interested in the subject." B2188 "I find the answers on my own, and surf the internet to find the pictures, then, I sort them. I think when students learn the subjects on their own, and they pay more attention." B 6222 out the stuff on our own. Concept mapping is interesting and it inspires my interest in Nanometer. I also searched for some books to read." (#A6027) "......Nanometer combined with concept mapping is interesting and makes me want to learn more about Nanometer." A1321 increased the learning effects that inspire students' willingness to learn for the subject 5. How student absorb the knowledge with concept mapping teaching? "Concept mapping teaching facilities, such as, computers and projectors, accelerate teaching. It is unnecessary to hold a book and copy it from the blackboard." A1022 "When I am tired I feel sleepy. It gets worse if I only watch power point without taking notes. Sometimes, the teacher just keeps displaying and talking." A3261 "...If the teacher uses traditional teaching methods, at least the teacher can ask students questions and students might try to respond." A4166 Concept mapping raised teaching efficiency and activate teaching content, however, students were incapable to absorb 6. How interaction goes among students and the teacher during concept mapping instruction? "I think


It has been admitted that plantation sub-sector as an important one compared with the others in agricultural sector. Pepper is one of the plantation commodities that traditionally contributes to the Indonesia's foreign exchange. This commodity is also the oldest and native species of Indonesian spices, which has been marketed in the world wide. But, in the current situation, which is the still adversely affected by global economic crises, the pepper export has been decreased, even how days, the pepper production is lower then Vietnams. This decreased production of pepper, especially for example in Bangka district, is caused by inefficiently traditional management, with high cost, lack of labors, and uncertainly of pepper price, which is still controlled by middle-man. In order to improve the sub-sector plantation, especially the pepper plantation, it is needed to revitalize the extension program and further provide the credit scheme for farmers.


COINCIDENT with the launching of the World's Fair are the openings of several midtown exhibitions of Chinese art which will, in sum, fill the gap left by the unfortunate absence of a Chinese pavilion at the Flushing exposition. The exhibits cover a wide range from ancient to modern times. An extraordinary collection of paintings extending from the Sung dynasty to the Ch'ing will have its first American showing at the inauguration of the new Kelekian Galleries 20 East 57th Street. The collection was formed by Mr. Kelekian a quarter of a century ago when connoisseurs in American were awakening to the greatness of the pictorial arts of the Far East. There are examples of landscape and figure painting, Buddhist, bird-and-flower and animal painting. Among the last group, representations of the horse, the sturdy steeds of the Tartar nomads, predominate.


The article deals with the practice of the European Court of human rights to consider complaints filed from places of deprivation of liberty for the improper provision of medical care. The comparative analysis of the Russian legisla-tion and legal positions of the ECHR in relation to the category "quality of medical care" is carried out, the peculiari-ties and problems of its implementation in the institutions of the penal correction system are revealed, the ways of their resolution are proposed.


The investigations of used lime at plant from company Messer-Tehnogas, Belgrade, were in the aim to improvement technologically results from flotation concentration of copper minerals in flotation plant Veliki Krivelj. This paper shows usage of slaked lime, which is waste in the process of technical gas production, for regulation of pH value in the process of copper minerals flotation concentration. It is important to point out that slaked lime is a waste material that is not dangerous. Preparation and dosage includes preparation procedures, which enable introduction into flotation process with the aim of achieving better results. Lime from Limekiln Zagrađe is brought into four storage places in flotation. Volume of each storage place is 80 m3. Lime in pieces from storage place is added by airbladders on transportation line and by system of transportation lines lime gets to the ball mill. At the mill entrance water is added and then follows lime grinding. Milk glass of lime thus prepared goes to the pump basket from where is transported by pipeline to conditioner, and then by manual and (or) automatic valves it is dosed to the flotation concentration of copper minerals process. Prospect of advancement and rationalization of the used lime in flotation plant Bor, Veliki Krivelj and Majdanpek as well as a way to link different branches of industry was demonstrated. Total cost of lime supplying, transporting, preparation and distribution related slaked lime is lower for 2.955 din/kg. Particularly, using lime from Messer in content of 2.1 g/l value of pH 11.82 is possible to obtain.


Abstract This paper studies the practice of synthetic chemical use among farmers and its possible occurrence as residue in fish foods in North-West Ethiopia. Cross-sectional study design was carried out from January to December 2018. A multi-stage sampling technique embedded with simple random sampling was employed for the selection of sampling units. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations of farmers. Data entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. The results showed that farmers applied chemicals indiscriminately and inappropriately on their farm, using unsafe storage facilities, ignoring risks and safety instructions. Consequently, farmers respond that insecticides and herbicides were used up to 100% and 96.4% of their farms, respectively. Most of the farmers (80.16%) of the study area have poor attitudes and practices of pesticide usage. Multivariable analysis showed, illiterate educational level; Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 3.39; 95% CI: 1.7, 6.77; Land holders situation (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.52, 2.9) has been formally not trained about pesticides usage (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.06, 8.37) and not read pesticide labels (AOR = 3.69, 95%CI: 1.62, 13.64) were significantly associated with possible poor attitude and practice of pesticide contamination. We conclude that there are high possibilities of chemical residues affects fish and occurring in food products (in milk, meat, fish, vegetable and fruit) that may have a public health risk in the study area. Therefore, one health intervention is required.


In our experiments, The morphological alterations and the development of microvasculature of the stomach wall and the endothelial cell at developing and aged have been observed by SEM,TEM and microvascular corrosion casting technique.The results showed: in the newborn rats, the capillary vessel of the gastric mucosal is folded or twisted, and not formed typical microvasculature. From the newborn rats to the aged rats, there are lots of subareas, which have the posterior venues as its center.The shape of the gastric mucosal microvascular is similar to a tree.During the aging, the ultrastructure of the endothelial cell changed, such as the number of plasmalemma tuber increase dramatically. The basal membrane has been thickened clearly.The number of the plasmalemmal vesicle is not changed.


Crosland has given an excellent presentation of various aspects of science and technology in the Franco-Prussian war.I After pointing out that scant attention has been given to these subjects, he proceeds to discuss them under various headings (explosives, communications, and so on). Such topics as the use of balloons, carrier pigeons, and microphotography are given the emphasis they deserve, but his treatment of the military uses of electric illumination is quite brief and needs amplification. The purpose of this Note is to draw attention to some of the French military applications of electric arc light illumination, but it is not meant to be an exhaustive examination of the subject. During the first decade of the nineteenth century Sir Humphry Davy, Auguste de La Rive, and others produced sparks and arcs between rods (or other shapes) of carbon connected to batteries. By 1840 the latter had been developed to such an extent that some inventors saw a glimmer of hope that the galvanic current could be tapped as a source of large scale lighting. Among the first to pursue this object were various Paris instrument makers. These pioneers frequently gave public demonstrations designed to show the usefulness of their particular form of arc light. By 1850 arc lights were being used more and more for special outdoor public events, and also for spectacular scenes in theatrical and operatic productions. In the meantime practical magneto-electric generators based on Faraday's discovery of electromagnetic induction were being built. One design by the Societe Alliance of Paris was used to power arc lights in various public displays in 1861-62. So impressive were the results that in 1863 the French government adopted the Alliance machine for lighthouse use, and subsequently for naval ship installations. Thus when the war broke out in 1870 and Paris was put under siege, the military, academicians, other scientists, inventors, engineers, and the general public had all witnessed for thirty years the usefulness of electrical illumination (albeit on a very limited scale). It was not surprising, therefore, that the use of the arc light should demand the attention of those responsible for the prosecution of the war.3 Indeed, Crosland has indicated that


The reason companies make policy implementation penualan installment of motor systems for the poor economy causing the low purchasing power of people to make purchases on cash or cash, while also increasing the number of firms producing similar goods persainagan resulting inter-company to achieve sales goals or increase the volume sales with a maximum profit. Therefore, companies need to conduct policy in applying the installment sales system to overcome the sluggishness of sales. Authors interested in formulating a problem regarding the accounting treatment of installment sales of motor in PT Indomobil Finance. Installment sales are sales made, whereby the seller receives payment (DP) and the remainder paid in installments over an agreed time limit.. In method (remaining) contract price, calculated by multiplying the interest rate with repayment periods and principal amounts. Interest End Long method calculates interest by multiplying the interest rate with repayment periods and the remaining principal loan before the payment period. In the method, End Short Interest is calculated by multiplying the interest rate with the respective periods and installment payments over a fixed amount of principal receivables. And the interest is calculated on the annuity method of interest rate multiplied by the payment period, multiplied by the remaining principal loan before the repayment period. Installment payments of principal receivables divided calculated anuitetnya factor. Of the four methods, using the interest calculation method (remaining) contract price will produce the greatest total revenue compared with the three other methods.


The invention discloses a self-aligning clutch release bearing and assembly, belonging to automobile parts. The rotation service life of the bearing is affected as an unbalance loading phenomenon is easy to happen once the rotary ferrule of the existing self-aligning clutch release bearing is in contact with a pressure plate spring piece. The self-aligning clutch release bearing and assembly comprises a fixed ferrule, a rotary ferrule, a rolling body, a holding frame and a sealing ring; the rotary ferrule is coaxially configured with a pressing ring having a contact friction surface; the pressing ring cooperates with the rotary ferrule through a spherical sliding pair, so as to enable the axial line of the pressing ring to swing arbitrarily by the virtue of the spherical sliding pair with respect to the axial line of the rotary ferrule. In work, the release bearing also can be changed from unbalance loading to uniform loading through the swinging adjustment of the pressing ring even the spring piece of the clutch pressure plate is uneven, so that the working noise is reduced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.


This bibliographic study aimed at analyzing the role of the coach concerning the sportive education process of young people. Initially, the responsibilities of the coach who trains young people were evidenced by a survey on the main functions: the practitioner personal development, development of the sportive qualities and the elaboration of the fundaments of a long sportive career. In this process, the main reasons for the prolonged development of the sportive practice and the disregard of the sportive practice by the young people are discussed. To conclude, the text makes the role of the coach as a manager of the activity evident, the person who needs to search the equilibrium between the practitioner's intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Therefore, we can conclude: training young people emphasizes the transcendent characteristics of the role of the coach during the first stages of the practitioner's career, period when the functions are complex, demanding and require responsibility. In this sense, the work concerning this period of age can not be understood as the first stage of the coach's career, but expert coaches must act as tutors, since this phase demands specific competencies that must be carefully acquired and examined by a reflective experience in a continuous process of education.


In this paper we address the problem of compressive sensing with multiple measurement vectors. We propose a reconstruction algorithm which learns sparse structure inside each sparse vector and among sparse vectors. The learning is based on a cross entropy cost function. The model is the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory that is deep in time. All modifications are done at the decoder so that the encoder remains the general compressive sensing encoder, i.e., wide random matrix. Through numerical experiments on a real world dataset, we show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional greedy algorithm SOMP as well as a number of model based Bayesian methods including Multitask Compressive Sensing and Compressive Sensing with Temporally Correlated Sources. We emphasize that since the proposed method is a learning based method, its performance depends on the availability of training data. Nevertheless, in many applications huge dataset of offline training data is usually available.1


Software Defined Networking (SDN) has many advantages over a traditional network. The great advantage of SDN is that the network control is physically separated from forwarding devices. SDN can solve many security issues of a legacy network. Nevertheless, SDN has many security vulnerabilities. The biggest issue of SDN vulnerabilities is Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. The DDoS attack on SDN becomes an important problem, and varieties of methods had been applied for detection and mitigation purposes. The objectives of this paper are to propose a detection method of DDoS attacks by using SDN based technique that will disturb the legitimate user's activities at the minimum and to propose Advanced Support Vector Machine (ASVM) technique as an enhancement of existing Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to detect DDoS attacks. ASVM technique is a multiclass classification method consisting of three classes. In this paper, we can successfully detect two types of flooding-based DDoS attacks. Our detection technique can reduce the training time as well as the testing time by using two key features, namely, the volumetric and the asymmetric features. We evaluate the results by measuring a false alarm rate, a detection rate, and accuracy. The detection accuracy of our detection technique is approximately 97% with the fastest training time and testing time.


Differential game theory is used to study the quantitative properties for the problem of dynamic optimal tax rate design. First, under some proper assumptions , a simplified Stackelberg differential game model is created. Government acts as the leader and firm acts as the follower in this special hierarchical game. Then, by Pontryagin's maximum principle and backward differential equations, we analyze that how the government selects an optimal tax rate so as to maximize his tax revenues during a given time horizon while he takes into account the potential interdependent reaction of the firm. Finally, the main economic implication of the different equilibrium solutions is given and the possible development of the model is briefly discussed. 


An important Operation, Administration and Maintenance requirement of
the MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) is the ability to estimate/
measure the throughput (i.e. bandwidth) of an MPLS-TP connection which
could be an MPLS-TP LSP, PW or Section. This document specifies the
OAM packets and procedures for both one-way and two-way throughput
estimation/measurement in MPLS-TP.


We present here our analysis of XMM-Newton observation of the Supernova Remnant (SNR) W44 and its associated pulsar PSR 1853+01. The remnant was observed with XMM-Newton in two separate observations for a total of 36 ks. We have also added to our analysis a short observation (7ks) centered on the pulsar position. Our observation was conducted with the MOS 1 in timing mode and the MOS2 and PN in full window mode. We present here the spectral analysis of all the full window mode data available. There is no trace of pulsed X-ray emission from PSR 1853+01 in the available data.


For two verticesX, Y ∈ V (G), a cycle is called a geodesic cycle withX and Y if a shortest path joining X and Y lies on the cycle. A graphG is called to be geodesic k-pancyclic if any two vertices X, Y on G have such geodesic cycle of length l that 2dG(X, Y ) + k ≤ l ≤ |V (G)|. In this paper, we show that then-dimensional M̈obius cubeMQn is geodesic 2-pancyclic forn ≥ 3. This result is optimal in the sense that there is no geodesic 1-cycle with two adjacent vertices inMQn.


Nuclear DNA content for the adult plants grown in a greenhouse and in vitro young plantlets of the pigeon orchid (Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.) was analyzed using flow cytometry. The resulting 2C DNA values ranged from 2.30±0.14 pg to 2.43±0.06 pg. However, nuclear DNA ploidy levels of long-term in vitro plantlets were found to be triploid and tetraploid. These ploidy levels were confirmed by chromosome counting. Tetraploid individuals (2n = 4x = 76) had approximately two times DNA content than diploid (2n = 2x = 38) individuals. This variation may be due to prolonged cultivation and the presence of exogenous plant growth regulators.


We investigate the use of compression-based learning on graph data. General purpose compressors operate on bitstrings or other sequential representations. A single graph can be represented sequentially in many ways, which may inuence the performance of sequential compressors. Using Normalized Compression Distance (NCD), we test a sequential compressor versus a native graph compressor. We use both synthetic, randomly generated graphs and reallife datasets. We conclude that, even under adverse circumstances, sequential representations contain enough structure for shallow algorithms to perform inference successfully. Algorithms that operate directly on the graph representation usually require a considerable increase in resources, but do allow for an increase in performance also.


The hypothesis that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate initiation of lasting behavioral changes induced by the anxiogenic β-carboline, FG-7142, was supported in this study. Behavioral changes normally induced by FG-7142 were blocked when the competitive NMDA receptor blocker, 7-amino-phophono-heptanoic acid, was given prior to administration of FG-7142. When cats were subsequently given FG-7142 alone, the drug produced lasting behavioral changes like those reported previously. Flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, reversed an increase in defensiveness produced by FG-7142 alone, replicating previous findings. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that NMDA-dependent long-term potentiation in limbic pathways subserving defensive response to threat mediates lasting increases in defensiveness produced by FG-7142.


OBJECTIVE
To reduce impairement of pulmonary function by thoracic stomach and other postoperative complications.

METHODS
One hundred eighteen patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated with supra-aortic arch esophageal mucosa-gastric wall anastomosis with oblique stomach invagination through esophageal bed.

RESULTS
No anastomotic leakage or gastroesophageal reflux occurred. The incidence of anastomotic stricture was 2.5%, that of operative mortality was 0.9%. Cardiopulmonary complications occurred in 11.0%.

CONCLUSION
The procedure may keep the normal anatomical and physiological functions of the thoracic organs and help prevent other complications.


Anxiety is a painful feeling that depends on a current traumatic situation or an expected threat that its origin is unknown. State anxiety is a transitory emotional state and trait anxiety refers to individual readiness for anxiety that is relatively stable. Besides, cognitive therapists believe that schemas are central for developing and maintaining the chronic forms of trauma, such as personality disorders, depression and anxiety. Emotional schemas are related to programs, concepts, and strategies that used to respond to emotions. The aim of this study was to predict trait anxiety on emotional schemas. The present study was correlation. Study population included all students at Shiraz University, 270 students (140 females and 130 males) participated in the study through the convenient sampling. They complicated revised scale of emotional schemas and spielberger trait anxiety scale (1983) respectively. For data analysis, descriptive statistics method and Stepwise multiple regression were used. Data analysis showed that emotional schemas of "understanding & control" and "rumination" significantly explained anxiety variance. In this regression model, the "understanding and control" scheme was entered into the equation as the strongest predictor of anxiety. We can conclude that emotional schemas have a high explanatory power in anxiety disorders. So individual understanding of emotions, feelings of mastery and control over them, as well as the amount of rumination in emotional and stressful events, is effective in creating and exacerbating anxiety.


The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in EuTi 1 − x Co x O 3 ( x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) compounds have been investigated. When the Ti 4 + ions were substituted by Co 2 + ions, the delicate balance was changed between antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) phases in the EuTiO 3 compound. In EuTi 1 − x Co x O 3 system, a giant reversible MCE and large refrigerant capacity (RC) were observed without hysteresis. The values of − ∆ S max M were evaluated to be around 10 J · kg − 1 · K − 1 for EuTi 0 . 95 Co 0 . 05 O 3 under a magnetic field change of 10 kOe. The giant reversible MCE and large RC suggests that EuTi 1 − x Co x O 3 series could be considered as good candidate materials for low-temperature and low-field magnetic refrigerant.


NEW MATERIAL:A compound of formula I: [R is formula III (R1 is H or 1-5C alkyl group); Ar is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-8-quinolyl group which may be substituted by at least one 1-5C alkyl group], and its pharmacentically acceptable salts. EXAMPLE:1-[ N -( 1, 2, 3, 4-Tetrahydro-8-quinolinesulfonyl)-L-arginyl ]-4-methyl-2-piperidinecarboxylic acid. USE:Antithrombins and blood platelet antiagglutinating agents, having a selective inhibitory action on thrombin with low toxicity, useful as a reagent for determination of blood thrombin, or a remedy and preventive for thrombosis. PROCESS:A compound of formula X (R2 is H, alkyl group, etc.; Q is 8-quinolyl group, etc.), obtained from a compound of formula II, is reduced, and, if necessary, subjected to hydrogenolysis or hydrolysis to give the compound of formula I.


We report experimental results of our attempts to fabricate Bragg gratings in multimode polymer fibers by following unique method of etching and tapering to reduce the cladding diameter and exposing the tapered fiber to 248 nm irradiation.


Etch processing of bulk wave devices is a developing technique where the upper frequency limitation of the mechanical processes can no longer be applied. However, the use of chemical or plasma processes imposes other disciplines with regard to the quality of the material and to the mechanical processes preceding the final etch. This paper discusses the techniques and the results achieved in the manufacture of bulk wa-!e resonators up to l50 MHz in the fundamental mode using the AT-cut.


This paper describes and tests a wavelet-based implicit numerical method for solving partial differential equations. Intended for problems with localized small-scale interactions, the method exploits the form of the wavelet decomposition to divide the implicit system created by the time-discretization into multiple smaller systems that can be solved sequentially. Included is a test on a basic non-linear problem, with both the results of the test, and the time required to calculate them, compared with control results based on a single system with fine resolution. The method is then tested on a non-trivial problem, its computational time and accuracy checked against control results. In both tests, it was found that the method requires less computational expense than the control. Furthermore, the method showed convergence towards the fine resolution control results.


AbstractThe reconstruction of traditional cities as smart cities has received considerable global attention because of the availability of new technology and the emerging Internet of Things (IoT). ...


In areas where trachoma is highly endemic, that is, where about 70% of the population is infected, many individuals typically carry Streptococcus pneumoniae. Of these, 2% were originally macrolide resistant. After 2 weeks of trachoma treatment, the carrier rate for macrolide-resistant pneumococci rose to 50%, with an increase in the carrier rate of the more highly resistant strains. This study dramatically illustrates the potential for rapid in vivo selection of resistance. In this study it was also found that one chronically ill child was carrying a strain with very high level resistance. This chapter defines gene dissemination mechanisms and shows how and why conjugative mechanisms are the most proficient in multiple drug resistance (MDR) transfer. The plasmid is an interesting variation on the theme of MDR dissemination. The chapter reviews aspects of bacterial conjugation in terms of basic science and clinical relevance. A unifying model can be developed because the general mechanism for classical bacterial conjugation appears to be conserved in conjugative transposons. It is reasonable to suggest that bacterial conjugation is the greatest mover of genes in the microbial world and, in the clinical world, that these genes are often antibiotic resistance genes. The cycle of antibiotic resistance and pathogen genome sequencing are showcasing the prominent role of bacterial conjugation in gene dissemination.


The definition of water management principles needed to satisfy societys water use objectives requires the use of terms and definitions that clearly describe the effects of various water uses, both consumptive and non-consumptive, within a hydrologic system. This is especially true when designing, proposing or evaluating water conservation programs for irrigation projects. In irrigation projects where return flows conveniently reenter the fresh water resource and are of reusable quality, water is only saved over the long run through water conservation when evaporation or evapotranspiration (ET) are reduced. Some water use terms such as the evaporated fraction, reusable fraction, non-reusable fraction and depleted fraction are discussed that can help the user and the public develop an improved, rational and visual understanding of the hydrologic background and true impacts of water use and conservation programs.


In information era, the use of internet is increasingly high in business companies and organizations. Using internet makes internet business and electronic marketing. Geographical borders and time have no meaning when internet exists. Electronic marketing should be on the direction of total marketing. Design of organization is one of the important issues that can be achieved by analyzing the weakness and strength of company and having a true understanding of threads of opportunities. Internet marketing as various approaches like dependent marketing, transaction marketing, and email marketing shows the wide range and the importance of using internet. This paper discusses electronic marketing, the difference between traditional and modern marketing, the effect of internet on mix of marketing, the advantages and limitations of electronic marketing and all kinds of electronic marketing. Normal 0 false false false RU X-NONE X-NONE


Sevgi, Levent (Dogus Author) -- Document full title: Comments on "FRINGE WAVES IN AN IMPEDANCE HALF-PLANE" by H. D. Basdemir, in Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 138, 571-584, 2013.


Exploitation, development and primary extraction of the minerals result in release of the harmful substances, e.g. heavy metals, toxic gases, dirt, etc, that are often uncontrolled deposit in the environment. Those deposited and overlooked substances remain as a heritage and challenge for the coming generations that would involve abundant human, technical and financial resources for the environmental reclamation. The mining activities of the Trepca - RIF Kopaonik has both positive and negative influences within the Leposavic municipality, i.e., industrial development and environmental degradation. As a result of the mining activities the air, land and water resources both surface and underground are severely polluted. The main objective of this paper is to present adverse effects of the mineral resources (lead and zinc) exploitation and primary extraction on the Ibar River water quality degradation mainly by heavy metals. Since the heavy metals are frequently ingested by the people through the food chain and given the high toxicity of them they are crucial parameters for the water quality monitoring practices that should be carefully assessed and controlled. Thus this paper includes comprehensive analyses of the heavy metals concentration (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd and Fe) in the Ibar River within the Leposavic municipality.


Water exchange between the intracellular and extracellular space can be measured using apparent exchange rate (AXR) imaging. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the measured AXR and the geometry of diffusion restrictions, membrane permeability, and the real exchange rate, as well as to explore the applicability of AXR for typical human measurement settings.


Summary A modern vapour-distillation apparatus of versatile use is described which is suitable for serial analyses of nicotine in tobacco and tobacco smoke condensates as well as for the determination of total nitrogen. The construction allows to work quickly with smaller quantities, the cleaning is done automatically.


Problem statement. The newest information technologies in education make it possible to make greater use of the scientific and educational potential of leading universities and institutes, to involve teachers in creating distance-learning courses and expand the audience of students to use actively the opportunities of innovative ones, including graphic packages. Creating a 3D model, filled with information, in the Revit graphic program is the process of designing a digital prototype of a building, which takes place using a variety of templates. The purpose is to increase the level of engineering preparation of students through improved training technologies used today in higher education, due to wide introduction of electronic graphics programs in educational process.  As a the result of mastering the programs, students will be able to perform all graphic tasks, using the requirements of BIM methodologies. Conclusion. Information technology is a set of methods, production processes and software combined in a technological chain that provides for the collection, processing, storage, transmission and display of information, which allow for systematic organization of optimal interaction between a teacher and a student with the aim to achieve learning outcomes. In addition, a teacher should be informed about the latest software packages that will be available for implementation in the educational process so that future engineers can use them in their workflow and understand all the advantages of information modeling technology in particular, when creating digital models of future buildings. Materials are introduced into the educational process of the department  of  Descriptive Geometry and Graphics and  are intended for the students of specialty 192 "Construction and Civil Engineering".


We suggest a neural network based power estimation algorithm for air-conditioners exploiting a sequence-to-sequence model which is widely used in the field of natural language processing. Our proposed method exploits both past usage patterns and weather forecasts for better prediction because air-conditioners have high dependency on the environmental factors. Our proposed algorithm is trained and validated on real-world data collected in various regions of the Republic of Korea. For validation, we adopt two evaluation metrics, mean absolute error and mean absolute percentage error. We accordingly suggest two different types of accuracy metrics practical for end users. Applying the proposed method to real-world data from air-conditioners, we have 5.7 kW of mean absolute error and 23 percent of mean absolute percentage error. Accuracy out of each metric is 85.02 percent and 74.65 percent respectively which outperforms the conventional regression algorithms.


The number of people utilizing the city market facility is likely to increase day by day. It causes  the market conditions to become congested. Therefore, it cannot be denied that  the  existing main roads are definetly affected by this condition. For this reason, the performance of the roads needs to be further reviewed since they are openly accessed by the community also due tothe influence of Teratai Market activities. A descriptive method is used in this studyby surveying the conditions of the Komyos Sudarso road. The calculation  is carried out based on the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) 1997. The results of this study shows that the activities of the Teratai Market greatly affect road capacity resulting in the increased of traffic volume. When the market operates, the trafficbecomes denser as  such a large number of vehicles are commuting on the road. The observation area is included in a commercial area with high roadside activity as evidenced by a side friction survey which shows a high side friction class count with a weighted frequency of 508.3. The results of the road performance show that Jalan Komyos Sudarso is still not saturated, in which the DS value is 0.34 and the average speed of light vehicles is 42 km/hour.


The effects of supplements containing individual vs. mixed carotenoids on oxidative stress were determined. Healthy, post‐menopausal women (n=37, 50‐70 yrs) were assigned to one of five groups to be supplemented with either placebo, mixed carotenoids (a combination of β‐carotene, lutein and lycopene at 4 mg/d each) or 12 mg/d of single carotenoid (β‐carotene, lutein or lycopene) in this double blind placebo‐controlled randomized study. Plasma fat‐& water‐soluble antioxidants were analyzed by HPLC‐UVD & ‐ECD, respectively; total antioxidant capacity by fluorometry; lipid peroxidation by malondialdehyde using a HPLC and by total hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (tHODE) using a GC/MS. Although the individual carotenoid supplemented (12 mg/d) groups showed a significant increase in plasma concentration of each carotenoid supplemented (p<0.05), no significant change in any biomarker of antioxidant activity or lipid peroxidation was observed. The mixed carotenoid group showed a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation at one of two time points during treatment, as determined by linoleic acid‐adjusted tHODE (p<0.05), while the placebo group showed an increase in cholesterol‐adjusted 7‐hydroxycholesterol (p<0.05) at both time treatment points. The current study indicates oxidative stress can be modestly modulated by either a single or a mixed carotenoid supplement and whether the mixed carotenoids have an advantage remains an open question. (Supported by USDA # 58‐1950‐7‐707 & BASF Ag, Germany)


In this paper, we report the preparation and characterization of a sensitive and reusable nonenzymatic glucose (NEG) sensor based on copper nanowires (CuNWs)/polyaniline (PANI)/reduced graphene oxi...


Various transition metal compounds were supported on magnesium hydroxide and propylene polymerization was carried out by using them as catalyst. The isotacticity of polypropylene was remarkably increased in comparison with that obtained with the use of carrier free catalyst, from which it has been concluded that the stereoregulation of polymer is mainly based on the crystalline structure of the catalyst not on the transition metal compound.


The objective of this study is to investigate the folding pathway of Trp-cage miniprotein. The structure and trajectories of this protein has been studied using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. The simulation was run at 300K for 250ns. Clustering analysis was conducted to group the trajectories according to the RMSD value and six clusters were generated. From this, the best conformation was identified to best represent the Trp-cage miniprotein. The formation of the hydrogen bond that involved Gly11-Ser14 assisted the formation of 3 10 -helix. In this study, it is strongly suggested that the hydrogen bond interactions determined the formation of secondary structures.


A simple computation-based approach for measuring the carbon dioxide production of respiring biological samples in passively ventilated chambers J. Todd Kabaluk*, Brandon M.S. Young, Aureline M. Doreau & Chelsea R. Mackovic Integrated Pest Management, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Box 1000, Agassiz, BC, Canada V0M 1A0, Department ofMicrobiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Génie Biologique, Université de Lyon, Lyon Rhone, France, and Department of Biology, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada


In the invention, a vehicle tires, particularly winter tires is disclosed having a tread strip profile, which has a structure in two axially outer shoulder block rows and into a pair of spaced between the rows of shoulder blocks middle block rows by extending in the circumferential direction grooves and inclined grooves, wherein the blocks of the rows of shoulder blocks and the middle block rows are each provided with a plurality of mutually parallel extending fine incisions and the boundaries of a ground contact area of the vehicle tire passing through the rows of shoulder blocks, and wherein a center of the profile is limited by the axial outer edges of the middle block rows. According to the invention the vehicle tire characterized in that the ratio of the width of the ground contact surface to the width of the profile center 1- (D


Sawako Nakayasu's first full-length book, So We Have Been Given Time Or, was selected by Ann Lauterbach for the 2003 Verse Prize. It is a long poem, whose form appears to be forming itself as the book unfolds. Visually, it is script-like, its format occasionally punctuated by pages displaying only one short line, and boasts a revolving "cast"—including Characters, Directions, Place, Sound, Hands, and Better Left—that continually morphs, what starts as "text" transformed into new "characters." Nakayasu plays with the conceptual possibilities of saying and being said, of characters and voices, of form and structure. What makes this book brilliant is that Nakayasu obviously has a very different idea of what a poem, or poetry, is. While this idea is perhaps more easily identifiable by what it is not—not formulaic, not precious, not belonging to a "school" or regional style— it most assuredly is inventive, quirky, daring, and intelligent. So We Have Been Given Time Or begins as if introducing us to the main entities, or players, in the poem, and proceeds at first as if establishing a setting. But the expected, scripted drama never begins as such; instead, more "characters" keep appearing, and words as characters refer to themselves. Nakayasu, who has a background in music and an intimate knowledge of multiple languages, has a generous and novel approach to meaning. It is not that meaning is not at issue, but that meaning is understood as inherent and thus is allowed to develop and proliferate without authorial gerrymandering. The result is writing that seems to make itself up as it goes along, writing that announces its own singular rhythms:


This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:

In this review we will set out to evaluate the effects of dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid-life and preventing cognitive decline in late life.


The present invention relates to wireless communications, and in particular an automatic gain control (AGC) device, and relates to a method for incorporating a digitally controlled variable gain amplifier (VGA) is. The present invention provides an AGC circuit comprising I / Q baseband strip, the I / Q baseband strip comprising multiple AGC stages wherein each AGC stage comprising: respective I and Q VGA; a detector for detecting the respective respective I and Q output signals I and Q received VGA; I and Q analog to digital converter output signal (the ADC) for converting the detected; and a digital engine, used as the detected I and Q output signals the difference between the reference signal and adjusting the respective I and Q VGA. Incorporated into respective I and Q VGA AGC interleaving means used in the total dynamic range of the split between the n stages, thereby allowing reduction in VGA gain requirements. In addition, the digital VGA gain control is provided for the use of means to reduce variations and analog I / Q gain imbalance. In addition, a plurality of VGA control update rate or time improves the amplitude dynamic adjustment.


Kerala-Konkan basin a volcanic passive continental margin has evolved through separation of different continental masses such as Africa, Madagascar, Syechelles from Jurassic onwards indicating possibility of Mesozoic basins. However, after encountering a Late Cretaceous (Santonian to Maestrichtian) sedimentary sequence in one of the well in eighties, till now establishing Mesozoic basin has remained an enigma as subsequent drilling did not encounter the predicted Mesozoic sediments. Latest seismic data particularly the GXT, WC and Long Offset ones have brought out distinct reflection packages below the Paleocene Trap Top reflector in deep water areas and interpreted/believed to be Mesozoic sediments by various authors. But its continuous extensive presence from shelfslope regime up to Laccadive ridge and 3-4km thickness even under Laccadive ridge creates doubt about a huge Mesozoic basin in deep water area. This paper brings out an alternate explanation for these reflection packages by determining the possible crustal type based on analysis of spreading history, age of magnetic lineation in western Indian Ocean and the process of formation of oceanic crust.


Sites on Fort Polk in western Louisiana were the only source of Miocene terrestrial vertebrates in the state, starting from an initial find of a merychippine horse dentary in 1993, up until an additional discovery in southeastern Louisiana in the Pascagoula Formation in June of 2005. There are five main sites or site clusters in the Castor Creek Member of the Fleming Formation on Fort Polk in west central Louisiana and one site in the Pascagoula Formation, the Tunica Hills/Kerry site in the Tunica Hills north of Baton Rouge.


Deposition of immunoglobulins in the skin of patients with lupus erythematosus (LE), demonstrable as a linear band 'lupus band' at the basement membrane zone (BMZ) by direct immunofluorescence, was first described in 1963. Four decades after the discovery of the lupus band, a basic question regarding the origin of immunoglobulins of the lupus band is still unanswered. Is the lupus band just a manifestation of polyclonal B‐cell activation commonly seen in systemic LE (SLE)? The distribution of IgG subclasses deposited in the skin of patients with SLE was identified using immunohistochemistry. The relative restriction of IgG of the lupus band to the IgG3 subclass demonstrated in this study provides evidence against polyclonal B‐cell activation as the only cause of the lupus band and suggests disease‐specific alteration in subclass switching.


Platelet-rich plasma(PRP) is the autologous platelet concentrates,rich in platelets,which contains a variety of growth factors,contributes to bone,cartilage defects repair,guides soft tissue regeneration and prevent infection,etc..Here is to review the literature on the separation and preparation of platelet-rich plasma,composition and role,and applications,functional mechanisms and prospects in the field of orthopedic,providing basis for PRP application in orthopedics.


Although researchers have begun to explicitly support end-user programmers' debugging by providing information to help them find bugs, there is little research addressing the right content to communicate to these users. The specific semantic content of these debugging communications matters because, if the users are not actually seeking the information the system is providing, they are not likely to attend to it. This paper reports a formative empirical study that sheds light on what end users actually want to know in the course of debugging a spreadsheet, given the availability of a set of interactive visual testing and debugging features. Our results provide in sights into end-user debuggers' information gaps, and further suggest opportunities to improve end-user debugging systems' support for the things end-user debuggers actually want to know.


The term " Malaya " refers to the Malayan peninsula (now the western states of Malaysia) and the island of Singapore. The British began to colonize Malaya in 1786, staying in control until the Japanese occupied the peninsula during World War II. Malayans resisted their Japanese rulers; the British fl ed. After the Japanese surrendered in 1945, the Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army briefl y governed Malaya. The British returned the following year. But the seed had been planted. For some Malayans, the anti-colonial struggle continued against the British. They joined the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM), the only organized anti-imperialist fi ghting force. After Malaysia gained independence from Britain in 1963, the CPM continued to fi ght against capitalism.


Objective To compare the efficacy of you-di embrocation,high frequency electrofulguration,and you-di embrocation combined with high frequency electrofulguration for the treatment of condyloma acuminatum.Methods 345 outpatients were randomly divided into three groups and were treated with you-di embrocation or high frequency electrofulguration or you-di embrocation combined with high frequency electrofulguration respectively.Results The recovery rate of you-di embrocation group,high frequency electrofulguration group and combination group were 48.18%,50.89% and 94.64%,respectively.The difference between three groups had significant statistical significance(P0.01).Conclusion The results suggest that three treatment groups all have some efficacy,and the efficacy of the combination group were more effective than the two others.


Infections caused by bacteria of the tribe Mimeae were reviewed.Mima polymorphaorHerellea vaginicolawas isolated by culture from 56 living patients and 9 autopsy cases, with pure cultures of these organisms from 11 living patients. Mimeae were found to be opportunistic pathogens with a highly variable degree of virulence. In three febrile patients, blood cultures yielded a pure growth ofH vaginicola, establishing the apparent pathogenicity of these organisms. Many of the infections were associated with an iatrogenic portal of entry, such as an intravascular catheter, with over half of the 18 wound infections occurring in head- and neck-surgery cases. Sodium colistimethate, kanamycin sulfate, methenamine mandelate, and polymyxin B sulfate were found to be the most effective therapeutic agents.


We investigate the impact of the transmitter bandwidth on the nonlinear tolerance in a 112-Gb/s polarization-division-multiplexed quaternary phase-shift keying system with coherent detection over a 1200-km dispersion-managed link using standard single-mode fiber. We show that a narrower transmitter bandwidth degrades not only the noise tolerance, but also exacerbates signal degradations due to nonlinearities both in single channel and in wavelength-division-multiplexed configuration. A nonlinear threshold difference of approximately 1 dB is observed.


"INFORMATION BULLETIN" OF THE SOLDIERS OF THE 27TH VOLHYNIAN INFANTRY DIVISION OF THE HOME ARMY (WDPAK) AS A TESTIMONY TO THE MEMORIES OF STRUGGLES AND COMMEMORATION THE FATE OF GENOCIDE VICTIMS – ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT AND STRUCTURE OF THE QUARTERLY The "Information Bulletin" of the 27th WDPAK, which had been published for 29 years, played a significant role for the milieu of former soldiers of the Volhynia Division and their families. The analysis of its content reveals a very interesting research material. The author of the study made a comparison of approx. 9,000 pages of source material, published in the years 1984-2012. The publication provides answers to the questions of what the "Bulletin" was, who created it, what its purpose was and what roles it played. The work discusses particular columns and changing structure of the quarterly. The author notices links between published articles and the political situation during the publication of subsequent issues of the magazine. Polish-Ukrainian relations, which changed over the years, were also of particular importance. The disagreements between these two nations, genocide and the difficult road to truth were among the main themes presented in the "Bulletin". The author analyses and compares articles on particular topics that appeared in the quarterly over the years and discusses these issues in the literature on the subject.


ABSTRACT Both in EU policy discourse and in theoretical interventions on Europe, a dilemma was constructed, which has remained implicit. The dilemma in question concerns on the one hand, European solidarity, that is, solidarity within Europe and, on the other hand, solidarity of Europe with 'the rest of the world'. It is posed in the usual either/or form: either Europe creates and strengthens its social solidarity (its society) or it creates and strengthens its human solidarity (or solidarity in the name of humanity or humanity); it cannot do both. The dilemma is the wrong way of putting the issue, since it is not only based on an asymmetry between the specificity of 'social' Europe and the indeterminacy of 'the rest of the world' but it also separates Europe's colonial history from the relevant present. The two solidarities need to be brought back together, both for conceptual and for pragmatic reasons.


Part 1 The evolving agri-food system: international restructuring of the agri-food chain, Iain Wallace the restructuring of agriculture - the Canadian example, Michael Troughton sectoral adjustments in agriculture - dairy and beef livestock industries in Canada, Quentin Chiotti. Part 2 Diversification of the farm business: uneven agrarian development and the social relations of farm households, Richard Munton, et al farm business restructuring in the urban fringe - the Toronto and Montreal regions, Pierre Deslauriers, et al farm diversifrication in the United States, Darrell Napton state-assisted farm diversification in the United Kingdom, Brian Ilbery. Part 3 Changing relationships between agriculture and the environment: nature, uneven development and the agricultural landscape, Rebecca Roberts agricultural externalities and the environment in the United States, Duane Nellis natural heritage and agricultural production in Canada, Stewart Hilts. Part 4 The development of policy and programmes: the convergence of agricultural and environmental policies - the case of extensification in Eastern England, John Tarrant and Richard Cobb agricultural policies for urban fringes in the United States, Timothy Rickard forestry as an alternative land use - a British perspective, Charles Watkins establishing research as an alternative land use, Lisa Harrington policy options for the British countryside, Andrew Gilg. Part 5 Sustainable agriculture as a policy option: the policy agenda for sustainable agriculture, John Pierce "Sustainable agriculture" as an alternative path of farm business development, Ian Bowler alternative agriculture and conventional paradigms in US agriculture, Janel Curry-Roper.


Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection caused by the soil fungus, Coccidioides immitis, which is endemic to the south-western United States. However, the incidence of coccidioidomycosis has recently increased due to the increase in overseas travel to endemic areas. We report a case of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis diagnosed in an immunocompetent person. A 28-year-old female, who had lived in Phoenix, Arizona, USA for 2 years, was admitted for an evaluation of persistent cough with fever lasting for 2 weeks. The chest X-ray and Chest CT revealed multifocal patchy consolidation and ground-glass opacity in both lungs as well as multiple enlarged right hilar and paratracheal lymph nodes. A percutaneous needLe biopsy of the main mass-like consolidation confirmed mature spherules of Coccidioides immitis in lung tissue. Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis should be considered in patients presenting with persistent cough with fever and a history of travel to or immigration from an endemic area.


Despite what your more mathematically inclined colleagues may tell you, microarray data is relatively straightforward. It does not require any new statistical theories for its analysis. Once you have analyzed your microarray images in GenePix Pro and imported the GenePix Results (GPR) files into the Acuity database, there is a relatively small number of filters and transformations that you need to apply to it before you can start extracting meaningful biological information from it.


University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Department of Microbiology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan Transdisciplinary Research Organization for Subtropics and Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Institute for Medical Research IsraelCanada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Departments of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, UMDNJ-RWJMS, New Brunswick, NJ, USA These authors contributed equally to this work


Btk 0.2% + neem oil (Azadirachta indica) 5%; Btk 0.2% + citronella oil (Cymbopogan winterianus) 5%; Btk 0.2% + karanj oil (Pongamia glabra) 5%; Btk 0.2% + cotton seed oil (Gossypium hirsutum) 5% and Btk 0.2% + sesamum oil (Sesamum indicum) 5% were efficacious against Spodoptera litura, Plutella xylostella, Crocidolomia binotalis on cauliflower compared to Bt alone; Btk 0.2% + neem oil 5% was found to be the most efficacious against three lepidopteran pests and resulted in the highest curd yield of 4886.6 kg ha−1 and all the other treatments were moderately effective against the caterpillar complex and resulted in 4440.0 to 3886.6 kg ha−1. From the cost benefit ratio point of view, Btk 0.2% + neem oil 5% (1: 4.6), followed by Btk 0.2% + citronella oil 5% (1: 2.9) and Btk 0.2% + karanj oil 5% (1: 2.4) were more economical.


The development of salt and glauber salt production industry,as well as the application and development prospect of bimetal composite material in salt and glauber salt production industry is expatiated.


Cognitive Radio Network Technology brings a novel approach to share the open spectrum flexibly and efficiently. However, how to further improve the network construction for reducing the redundant information has become the hot topic. Minimum Independent Dominating Set (MIDS) in graphs is a classic problem in operations research with important application in network construction design. The single objective MIDS (SMIDS) problem can be solved efficiently, but the degree constrained and multi-objective versions are NP-hard. In this paper, according to the characteristics of cognitive radio network nods, an improved Genetic Algorithm (GA) with special crossover and mutation operators is proposed to solve the problem. Experimental results showed that the proposed method for searching multi-objective MIDS (MMIDS) with improved GA outperforms the conventional methods with heuristic algorithm search in multi-objective optimization problem. And it was therefore effectively able to select the clusters for different network simulation scenarios.


Abstract Photoreversible photochromic systems can be analysed quantitatively even if the photoi-somers have not been isolated. Quantum yields of photocoloration and photodecoloration and UV / visible spectra of each photoisomer can be extracted simultaneously by numerical simulation and fitting of Absλ vs time curves recorded under continuous monochromatic irradiation at selected wavelengths.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of aqueous extract of Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) on oxidative damage and Anion Exchanger 1 (AE1, also known as Band 3) expression in human erythrocytes exposed to the water soluble free radical initiator 2.2'-azobis-2-amidinopropano dihydrochloride (AAPH). In addition, total phenolic compounds in the extracts were determined as catechin equivalent and the various antioxidant activities were compared to natural and synthetic standard antioxidants such as BHA and ascorbic acid. Since Aloe vera extract did not cause a consumption of the cytosolic antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) when it was direct incubated with GSH in basic aerated aqueous solution, this indicates that Aloe vera extract does not proceed auto oxidation at this experimental condition. Furthermore, Aloe vera extract prevent the consumption of GSH, in radical treated RBCs. It also inhibit consumption of GSH when it was direct incubated with AAPH. Aloe vera gel extract inhibits the generation of diphenyl-2-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) and the scavenging activity was increased in a dose dependent manner. Aloe vera extract was shown the similar reducing power than standards BHT and ascorbic acid. Biochemical analysis by SDS-PAGE and western blotting showed that AAPH-induced oxidative stress increased the susceptibility of AE1 to proteolytic degradation. Of note, our data evidenced that Aloe vera treatment was able to partially restore the normal RBC membrane protein profiles in a dose-dependent manner. These results clearly demonstrate the antioxidative activity of Aloe vera gel extract that might be ascribed to a synergistic action of the bioactive compounds contained therein.


Farmers in montane mainland Southeast Asia (MMSEA) have long practiced shifting cultivation with plots of land cultivated temporarily and then allowed to revert to secondary forest for a fallow period. In recent years, shifting cultivation has given way to more intensified forms of mono-cropped agriculture, including cultivated crops, orchards and, of increasing importance, rubber tree plantations. Today, more than one million hectares have been converted to rubber plantations. By 2050, the area under rubber trees in MMSEA is predicted to increase fourfold (Fox et al. 2012). This massive conversion of primary or secondary forests to rubber mono-cropping could threaten the resilience of both ecosystems and livelihoods. Despite environmental concerns and market fluctuations, both local farmers and outside entrepreneurs are likely to continue expanding rubber plantations because of their high economic returns. We argue that more diversified agroforestry systems that provide an optimal balance between economic returns and environmental sustainability are needed to improve the long-term outlook for the region in the face of climate change. (Resume d'auteur)


The study focused on the effect of methanol leaf extract of Simarouba glauca (MESG) on lipoproteins cholesterols and oxidative stress biomarkers in male Wistar rat. Toxicological inquest of MESG was evaluated as prescribed in the guidelines of organization for economic co-operation and development (OECD), No. 425. A total of twenty-four male Wistar rats were used; divided into four groups of six rats each, including the control. Test rats were given MESG 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight respectively, daily for thirty (30) days. At the end of the study, the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed and biochemical indicators were evaluated. Results showed marked increase (p ˂ 0.05) in Total Cholesterol at MESG 2000 mg/kg; a reduction and increase (p ˂ 0.05) in High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triglycerides respectively, at all doses; an increase (p ˂ 0.05) in Low- Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol at MESG 2000 mg/kg. Additional data indicated no changes (p ˃ 0.05) in Malondialdehyde levels; liver Catalase was significantly (p ˂ 0.05) expressed at MESG 500 and 2000 mg/kg, kidney CAT was significantly (P ˂ 0.05) expressed at all doses. The liver Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) was significantly (p ˂ 0.05) expressed at MESG 1000 and 2000 mg/kg; the kidney and heart SOD were also significantly (P ˂ 0.05) expressed at MESG 500 and 2000 mg/kg respectively. The plasma GSH-PX was significantly (P ˂ 0.05) expressed at MESG 1000 mg/kg; while the liver and heart GSH-PX were significantly (P ˂ 0.05) expressed and repressed at 500 mg/kg respectively. Conclusively, MESG elicited obvious dyslipidemia; accompanied by marked alterations in selected endogenous oxidative stress biomarkers.


This study examines the impact of oil shocks on Qatar's gross domestic product using time series data from the period 1970-2007 covering all the oil shocks. The Johansen-Juselius (JJ) cointegration test and VECM Granger causality test are employed in this study. From the results we concluded that oil price has a positive effect on Qatar's gross domestic product, but at the expense of higher inflation. Qatar seems to have suffered from financial surpluses and rapid economic growth caused by sharp increases in the oil price. At the same time, with a fixed exchange regime and tight monetary policy to deal with these events, this has caused the price of assets to increase sharply, leading to high levels of inflation in Qatar. Based on the results, we recommend that the Qatari currency (riyal) be pegged to a basket of currencies so as to increase the role of monetary policy to deal with the external shocks (oil shocks).


A TRACER for petroleum products, which can be detected by adding a reagent DEVELOPER WHEN COLOR REVEALING THE CONTACT TRACER.


When retailers make product assortment changes by eliminating certain stockkeeping units (SKUs), how does this affect sales of individual brands? This is the main question the authors address in this article. Using data from an online retailer that implemented a permanent systemwide SKU reduction (SR) program, the authors investigate how the program affected various components of purchase behavior for individual brands. They find substantial variations in the SR effects across brands, categories, and consumers. They explore possible drivers for these differences and find that higher-market-share, higher-priced, and more frequently promoted brands tend to gain share and that reduction in the number of sizes, reduction in the number of SKUs, and change in SKU share in the category are important in affecting change in a brand's purchase share after the SR. They also find that SRs lead to an increase in category purchase incidence and quantity for highly state-dependent consumers and frequent buyers but a decrease in category purchase and quantity for mildly state-dependent consumers and infrequent buyers. In addition, SRs tend to cause more changes in brand choice probabilities among consumers of lower state dependence and higher price and promotion sensitivity. These findings are of importance both to retailers wanting to make product assortment changes and to manufacturers affected by them.


This study aims to determine the impact of implementing mathematics learning with LSLC in schools so that it can be a consideration for teachers so that they can be applied in the next learning process. The research method used is a literacy study with a meta-analysis type of research. After analyzing, the implementation of LSLC in mathematics learning in schools has a good impact on mathematics learning itself. Collaborative learning appears in learning, mathematical concepts are easily understood by students, and indicators of mathematical processes appear in learning. Students are also more active because learning is centered on students, while the teacher only serves as a facilitator. Most of the findings explain the effectiveness of implementing LSLC in learning mathematics in schools. So, Research on the implementation of LSLC in learning mathematics in schools should be increased in order to reduce problems in learning mathematics.


Urine sample of 302 pre-secondary school children aged 9-15 (mean 2.5 +- 3.1) yr were tested for the presence of eggs of Schistosma haematobium in which (32%) of the 302 were positive. While prevalence was related to age of participants in a positive fashion there were no gender differences. While children of civil servants had the lowest prevalence (18.8%), children of farmers had the highest prevalence, indicating that the poor environmental conditions of farmer's children placed them at greater risks. Routine screening of infective parasitic agents in children entering secondary school prevents the transmission of such infective agents to other children and as well saves the affected children from possible fatal outcome of inevitable complications of such infections. Key words: Schistosoma haematobium parasites trematode bilharziasis


An analysis is made of laser heating of a bulk metal sample when an exothermal reaction takes place on its surface. The limit of stability is found in the form of a critical curve P=Pcr(r0), where P is the power and r0 is the radius of the radiation beam, such that for P>Pcr (r0) the combustion affects the whole surface of the sample. It is shown that in the case of oblique incidence of laser radiation on the surface the ignition threshold Pcr(r0) of a sample depends on the polarization of the radiation and can be much lower than in the case of normal incidence. The theory developed in the present paper is in agreement with experimental results.


Abstract The paper deals with the study of the property of B-concavity and BB concavity in the bi-dimesional case and with the relation between these properties and the Bernstein operators defined on a simplex.


This essay will offer a part of the results achieved during the archaeological works in the urban area of Alcazar de San Juan (Ciudad Real), carried out by the Town Council of the village from 2008 to 2010. Among the remains found on the site, from Roman finds to contemporary ones, stands a torcularium in the vicus: it may be a small torcularium, but contains most of the elements that define this working area, such as the room for grinding and pressing the oil, the room for decanting the oil and the cella olearia or storage room.


Confinement in non-Abelian gauge theories, such as QCD, is often explained using an analogy to type II superconductivity. In this analogy the existence of the ``Meissner'' effect for quarks with respect to the QCD vacuum is an important element. Here we show that using the ideas of Abelian projection it is possible to arrive at an effective London equation from a non-Abelian gauge theory. (London's equation gave a phenomenological description of the Meissner effect prior to the Ginzburg-Landau or BCS theory of superconductors). The Abelian projected gauge field acts as the E&M field in normal superconductivity, while the remaining non-Abelian components form a gluon condensate which is described via an effective scalar field. This effective scalar field plays a role similar to the scalar field in Ginzburg-Landau theory.


We have synthesized dithieno[3,4- b:3',4'- d]phosphole derivatives as a new type of thiophene-fused phospholes. These dithienophospholes were found to show intramolecular charge transfer interactions by introducing electron-donating or -withdrawing groups on the peripheral aryl groups. Namely, they exhibit the unique hybrid character of electron-withdrawing phosphole and electron-donating thiophene.


We read with much interest the paper,[1] "Clinical significance of thyroid incidentalomas detected on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan (PETomas): An Indian experience" by Kumar et al. published in the July–September 2019 issue of your journal. In April 2011, our team published our findings on this topic, at which time we suggested that this thyroid entity should be called "PETomas."[2] We are, therefore, extremely surprised that Kumar et al. did not cite our publication and acknowledge our role in initiating the use of the term "PETomas."


An anomalous behavior of the current self-oscillation frequency is observed in the dynamic de voltage bands, emerging from each sawtoothlike branch of the current-voltage characteristic of a doped GaAs/A1As superlattice in the transition process from static to dynamic electric field domain formations. Varying the applied de voltage at a fixed temperature, we find that the frequency increases while the averaged current decreases. Inside each voltage band, the frequency has a strong voltage dependence in the temperature range where the averaged current changes with the applied de voltage. This dependence can be understood in terms of motion of the system along a limit cycle.


When insulin solutions (100 U kg−1) at various pH values were placed in the rectum of rabbits, a large decrease in blood glucose concentration was observed except at the pH close to the iso‐electric point of insulin. The effect of surface‐active agents on the rectal absorption of insulin was examined by measuring the blood glucose concentration after the administration of 2 or 5 U kg−1. Non‐ionic ether type, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants as well as bile acids increased the absorption. The optimal effect with suppositories was reached with the addition of 1% polyoxyethylene (9) lauryl alcohol ether. Insulin suppositories containing agents enhancing rectal absorption were compared with the insulin for intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous injection. The changes of blood glucose and plasma immuno‐reactive insulin concentration after rectal administration of insulin were similar to those after intravenous injection.


Metanephric adenoma is a benign renal tumor with good prognosis, it has histologically and radiologically similar characteristics with Wilms' tumor and papillary renal cell carcinoma. It's the most common tumor of the family of metanephric tumors, representing 0.2% of adult renal epithelial neoplasms. Multifocal tumors are rare. We report the case of a male patient aged 17 with no history of importance whose illness began about a year ago to attack the general condition and symptoms B, went to private doctor who gave symptomatic treatment with which the symptoms remitted. One week before admission to hospital patient had oliguria. Laboratory studies were normal. Abdominopelvic USG and CT showed a tumor located in the lower pole of right kidney with peripheral hemorrhage.


Temporal diet patterns were studied for nine species of haplochromine cichlids in Lake Malawi, East Africa, using a combination of stable isotope and stomach content analyses. The results illustrate the complementarity of the two approaches in elucidating dietary differences. Evidence was found that benthic algal production contributed to the energy requirements of offshore fishes that occupy depths between 10 and 30 m. The importance of the lake fly Chaoborus edulis as a food source for demersal fishes was confirmed, supporting the recent hypothesis that deep demersal fish production is principally sustained through the pelagic food chain rather than from benthic detrital sources. Isotopic differences were observed among species with apparently similar diets, feeding behavior, and depth preferences, suggesting that important resource partitioning exists among Lake Malawi benthic haplochromine cichlids.


Opinion Mining is an area that has attracted many researchers, which resulted in several works. There are two types of approaches for detecting opinion: Approaches based on the corpus Corpus-based Approach and other approaches based on dictionary Dictionary-based Approach. In this article, the authors will make a comparative study between the two approaches: the Bayesian method of Turney for the first approach; for the second approach, the authors will study the detection of opinion by the SentiWordNet and then the introduction of fuzzy logic is seen in this method. This study aims to study the theoretical and practical limitations of these two approaches.


Asexual reproduction is expected to have a twofold reproductive advantage over sexual reproduction, owing to the cost of producing males in sexual subpopulations. The persistence of sexual females, thus, requires an advantage to sexual reproduction, at least periodically. Here, we tested the hypothesis that asexual females are more sensitive to limited resources. Under this idea, fluctuations in the availability of resources (per capita) could periodically favour sexual females when resources become limited. We combined sexual and asexual freshwater snails (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) together in nylon mesh enclosures at three different densities in an outdoor mesocosm. After 1 month, we counted the brood size of fertile female snails. We found that fecundity declined significantly with increasing density. However, sexual females did not produce more offspring than asexual females at any of the experimental densities. Our results, thus, suggest that the cost of sexual reproduction in P. antipodarum is not ameliorated by periods of intense resource competition.


The parallel and perpendicular electron mobilities in a GaAs-Al0.45Ga0.55As superlattice have been calculated. The scattering of electrons by confined longitudinal optical phonons was taken into account. Using the quantum treatment, we offered the new wavefunction of electron miniband conduction in the superlattice as well as reformulation of the slab model for confined LO-phonon modes. An expression for the relaxation time was obtained. Our results show that the relaxation time depends significantly on the total energy of electrons. The effect of the band nonparabolicity on the relaxation time was analyzed. At 300 K, the calculated results reveal that the electron mobility is enhanced when the well width in the superlattice is equal to 45 Å.


OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Polygonum cuspidatum .METHOD The constituents were separated by means of column chromatography on several reverse phase gels,identified by the analysis of spectral data and compared with literature data. The DNA cleavage activity was evaluated through a modified Hecht method.RESULTS Ten compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as gallic acid(1),tryptophan(2),2,6 dihydroxy bezoic acid(3),(+) catechin(4),emodin(5),emodin 8 O β D glucopyranoside(6),(+) catechin 5 O β D glucopyranoside(7),1 (3 O β D glucopyranosyl 4,5 dihydroxy phenyl) ethanone(8),tachioside(9) and isotachioside(10) respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 1,2,3,8,9 and 10 were isolated from the plant for the first time. Compounds 1,4 and 7 showed significant DNA cleavage activity.


A method to evaluate the performance of a centifugal compressor in the Closed Circuit Centrifugal Compressor Test Rig CLOCTEH, using computer-aided t e s t i n g (CAT), has been reported. I t i n c l u d c s th6 d s t a i l s of complete instrumentation system hooked up to the facility through an on line computer system. Various parameters of the compressor measured in the facility and their nieamrernent accuracies for a typical t e s t case have been pr6Sented. step procedure followed for the computer aided testiny (CAT)of the compressor is explained, The performance A step by characteristic of t h e test compressor t l l u s obtained using this CAT programme is also given.13;


By examining sheets with thicknesses scaling as different powers of the Lundquist number S, we previously showed (Pucci and Velli, 2014) that the growth rate of the tearing mode increases as current sheets thin and, once the inverse aspect ratio reaches a scaling a/L = S−1/3, the time-scale for the instability to develop becomes of the order of the Alfvén time. That means that a fast instability sets in well before Sweet-Parker type current sheets can form. In addition, such an instability produces many islands in the sheet, leading to fast nonlinear evolution and most probably a turbulent disruption of the sheet itself. This has fundamental implications for magnetically driven reconnection throughout the corona, and in particular for coronal heating and the triggering of coronal mass ejections.


The visual strategies employed in top global brands' local advertising websites were compared between two groups of nations: the Western group, consisting of the US, UK and Germany; and the Eastern group, consisting of Japan, Korea and China. The results of a content analysis of 253 web ads show a clear pattern of differences in the role of visuals (literal vs symbolic), the use and role of celebrity models, the use of photographs vs illustrations, and the frequency of product portrayals between two groups. Ads from high-context nations tend to rely on symbolic visuals, celebrity models featured as characters, mixed use of photographs and illustrations, and indirect portrayals of advertised products. Ads from low-context nations are found to be the opposite, reaffirming the association between Hallx2019;s information contextuality and advertising visual strategies. The findings imply that the idea of employing advertising visuals that reflect the communication styles of a particular national market appears to be a promising strategy to effectively reach consumers around the world. With this in mind, multinational advertisers might prefer to implement differentiated ad visual strategies in web advertising for Western and Eastern markets.


Urban parks are critical in converting cities to liveable spaces, where artificial lighting directly affects the users' night-time experience. This study explores the urban park users' preferences in artificial pathway lighting, through their subjective responses towards Brightness, Correlated Colour Temperature (CCT), and luminaires of the existing lighting design, at four popular urban parks in Colombo. The reasons for the said preferences were investigated under three overarching themes: perceived safety, perceived quality of light, and restorative experience. A mixed methods approach was employed for data collection, where questionnaires were used together with measurements, in-situ observations, and photographic analysis for better understanding. The user preferences were found to be directly associated with their perception of the lit environment. The existing brightness levels are insufficient for majority of the users and has affected their perception of safety. The poor selection and placement of luminaires have negatively affected the lighting quality, while the positive effect on the users' restorative experience has induced a higher preference towards the CCT of the light sources. The results revealed that the majority of the users opted for changes in the current lighting design, indicating that the user needs and requirements are not effectively addressed in this regard.


An organic ion-pair comonomer (IPC) based on anionic and cationic styrenic monomers was synthesized and copolymerized with n-butyl acrylate (BA) by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to generate physically cross-linked polyampholyte ionomer networks. Evidence of microphase separation of the ion pairs to produce ion-rich domains was found by rheological and atomic force microscopy measurements. Comparison of these polymers to chemically similar cationic and anionic ionomers with only one type of ion covalently bound to the polymer backbone demonstrated that the connectivity of the ions to the polymer backbone had a strong effect on the viscoelastic properties. Characterization of the corresponding polyelectrolytes showed a ca. 125 °C increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) from the cationic to the polyampholytic polyelectrolyte. In the ionomers, this elevated Tg allowed the vitrification of the ion-rich domains at ambient temperatures in the polyampholyte netwo...


Aim: We studied morphologic modifications of the endometrium induced by leuprorelin acetate, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, in women with uterine myomata. Methods: Transmission and scanning electron microscopy observations were performed after 2 or 6 cycles of therapy (every 28 days). Results: A near-normal endometrium was observed after 2 months of therapy, while treatment with 6 cycles of leuprorelin acetate induced a uniform morphologic regression of the uterine mucosa. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that leuprorelin acetate induces a unique and time-dependent regression of the endometrial mucous membrane.


This article proposes the problem of state estimation for dual‐mode nonlinear stochastic systems with unknown parameters, that is, the possible state evolution is described by unknown switch between normal and abnormal modes, and the mismatch term of abnormal mode deviating from the normal one is parameterized as a linear stochastic transformation of state with unknown transformation matrix and modeling error covariance to generalize various abnormal state evolution. For this complex estimation problem involving unknown states, modes, and parameters (i.e., transformation matrix and covariance), a Bayesian learning based filter is first derived to update the joint posterior of state and unknown parameters in abnormal mode by exploiting sequential Monte Carlo, conjugate prior and marginalization. Then a switching output strategy of normal/abnormal mode filters based on likelihood‐ratio test is designed to reduce the conservatism of abnormal mode filter to normal mode state estimation. Finally, simulation study on a benchmark of maneuvering target tracking shows the superiority of the proposed method compared with existing ones.


This paper addresses the conceptual and methodological challenges that are increasingly apparent with regard to the dominant strategy that responds to degradation of the world's coasts: integrated coastal zone management (ICZM)


Stabilized platforms are used on all types of moving vehicles, from satellites to submarines, and are even used on some portable and terrestrial devices. For example, a stabilized platform on a ship is used to accommodate navigation equipment and antennas of radar communication systems, which improves the efficiency of this equipment under the influence of wave disturbances. There are various kinematic schemes for building ship stabilized platforms. In particular, serial stabilized platforms and parallel stabilized platforms are used. In practical applications, serial stabilized platforms have found wider use. In this paper, we consider a mathematical model of a ship-based stabilized platform with two degrees of freedom, where the angular orientation of the platform is controlled using electric hydraulic drives. The use of electro-hydraulic drives makes it possible to ensure the formation of the required magnitude of the force effect to compensate for disturbances from wave oscillations of the ship's deck. In order to obtain relations for describing the relationship between the angular displacements of the elements of the kinematic scheme of the platform and the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder rod, the apparatus of complex numbers is involved in this work. A mathematical model of an electrohydraulic drive is considered taking into account the dynamics of movement of the electromechanism of a spool servo valve, the flow rates and pressures of the working fluid in the cavities of the hydraulic cylinder. A linearized mathematical model of an electrohydraulic drive is considered, and estimates are obtained for the parameters of the obtained mathematical model for given mass-dimensional characteristics of an electrohydraulic drive. This mathematical model can be used in the synthesis of an electric hydraulic drive control system to provide a given angular orientation of the platform under the action of wave disturbances.


The study describes Spanish sport facility managers' perceptions and evaluations of their job and organization in five functional areas: maintenance, operations, marketing, personnel, and finance. We asked the managers' perceptions of the frequency of task performance, presence of planning behavior, perceptions regarding the extent of decision making involvement, judgments regarding needed improvements in task performance, and perceptions regarding the level of troubleshooting in each of the different functional areas. Results indicated numerous differences between managers in private vs. public facilities. Using a more elaborate taxonomy, we were able to locate the organization situations with contrasting managerial practices more specifically. Managers perceive that they perform tasks in the five functional areas somewhat less than necessary; perform the tasks according to a plan, although planning varies considerably between them on most functions; they are directly involved in decision making; and they judge a general need for modest improvement in task performance. They also indicate that the performance problems entail troubleshooting activity since they are modestly problematic for effective organization functioning. We relate our findings to those of other studies on managers and point out future directions for research on sport facility managers' work, including collecting data on a longitudinal basis and across varying situations, e.g., countries.


The atomic-beam magnetic-resonance method has been used to measure the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine-structure interaction constants $A$ and $B$ for the $^{3}D_{3}$, $^{3}D_{2}$, and $^{1}D_{2}$ states of the... $(6s)(5d)$ configuration for $^{135}\mathrm{Ba}$ and $^{137}\mathrm{Ba}$. The experimental results for $^{135}\mathrm{Ba}$ are $A(^{1}D_{2})=\ensuremath{-}73.429(4)$ MHz, $B(^{1}D_{2})=+38.710(15)$ MHz, $A(^{3}D_{2})=+370.6(7)$ MHz, $B(^{3}D_{2})=+18.3(22)$ MHz, $A(^{3}D_{3})=+408.1(14)$ MHz, $B(^{3}D_{3})=+20(8)$ MHz; and for $^{137}\mathrm{Ba}$, $A(^{1}D_{2})=\ensuremath{-}82.180(3)$ MHz, $B(^{1}D_{2})=+59.564(14)$ MHz, $A(^{3}D_{2})=+413.9(9)$ MHz, $B(^{3}D_{2})=+26.8(30)$ MHz, $A(^{3}D_{3})=+455.4(16)$ MHz, $B(^{3}D_{3})=+36(9)$ MHz. A comparison is made between the value of the electric quadrupole moment of the $^{137}\mathrm{Ba}$ nucleus obtained from these results, which depend on the interaction of the $5d$ electron, and the value obtained from earlier results, which depend on the interaction of the $6p$ electron. There is a substantial difference in the values of Q($^{137}\mathrm{Ba}$) obtained from these two sets of measurements if one does not take the quadrupole shielding into account. Taking the quadrupole shielding into account markedly reduces this difference.


The paper considers some of the problems involved in the interpretation of partici pants' evaluations of management development programmes. In particular it argues that in the case of participative "open evaluation" sessions, it is important to recognise that participants' attitudes and feelings towards the learning group may influence the evaluation process and its outcomes. The paper concludes by identify ing the range of interventions the tutor may take once such attitudes or feelings are revealed.


Gender Differences in Dually Diagnosed Outpatients Laia Miquel MD a b c , Carlos Roncero MD, PhD a b , Gloria García-García PhD d , Carmen Barral MD a b , Constanza Daigre PhD Candidate a , Lara Grau-López MD, PhD Candidate a b , Diana Bachiller a b & Miguel Casas MD, PhD b a Outpatients Drug Clinic (CAS) Vall d'Hebron, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB) , Barcelona , Spain b Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , CIBERSAM , Spain c Network Group for Research in Woman Mental Health (GTRD), Societat Catalana de Psiquiatria , Barcelona , Spain d Department of Economy and Business , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain Accepted author version posted online: 13 Aug 2012.Published online: 17 Jan 2013.