The introduction of digital technology in process industries creates new cyber-security concerns that can affect the safety of industrial systems. Moreover, many risk experts highlight that safety and security should not be analyzed separately. In previous studies, the authors have proposed a risk analysis method that considers safety and security together during industrial risk analysis. The proposed cyber bow-tie uses a qualitative likelihood analysis methodology to define the level of risks. However, this approach may underestimate risks due to data uncertainty. For this reason, this research aims to replace the qualitative methodology by a more effective fuzzy semi-quantitative approach in order to define the level of safety/security risks under input data uncertainty. The effectiveness of the fuzzy approach is demonstrated using a real case study.


return to somewhat lower grades in nonscience subjects. In the absence of substantial changes in the preclinical curriculum, this would simply condemn a large proportion of students to dismal failure. Many would agree that much of what is taught is irrelevant to modern clinical practice and imposes an absurd burden on students. Which parts of the curriculum should be pruned, however, is much harder to agree. So long as the preclinical departments are solely responsible for decisions on course content, no major shifts in emphasis are likely. Perhaps the clinical professors should be involved in these decisions, since they are dealing with the results. It is not immediately apparent either that those whose background is non-scientific would be better able to cope with the demands of medical practice. Humanity, patience, and compassion are not self-evidently present in any one group. There is no substitute, in my opinion, for the old fashioned interview to select out the clearly unsuitable candidates. With the enormous number of applicants for medical school places, this is likely to be a timeconsuming process and hence unpopular with selection committees. But if the result is fewer and more suitable candidates it would be time well spent. J M IOANNOU


In order to test a prediction from Deutsch's 'structural' theory of behaviour twenty-four mice were divided into three groups which were given twenty trials of (a) forward trolley guidance, (b) backward trolley guidance and (c) no trolley guidance, before testing for learning in a four-unit Y-maze. The results showed significant differences between these groups, the forward guidance being the most effective. These results are not consistent with possible predictions from Deutsch's postulates in their present form.


The decision to introduce the idea of mentoring into the educational space of the universities of the Republic of Armenia (in particular, in Brusov State University) is caused by the rapidly growing needs of our society. Mentoring in the RFL training system is a kind of individual educational and educational work with young Russian methodologists starting their teaching activities. Based on the existing foreign experience, highlighting all its positive aspects, we can create our own models that meet the conditions of RFL training in the Republic of Armenia.


We present Cantāmus, a web-based system that allows choir conductors and ensemble leaders to automatically generate practice tracks from any digital score. The system employs a singing synthesis engine trained on a multilingual choir singing dataset. Digital choral scores are first uploaded in MusicXML format. Then, the system recognizes and renders the different vocal parts. Synchronized audio and digital sheet music are shown on the web interface, which integrates other functionalities for singing practice such as track mixing, user performance recording and assessment. We showcase our system and discuss the main challenges we encountered when processing usercreated digital scores in this context.


A new normalized coupling synchronization (NCS) method is proposed to solve the problem of synchronizing the speeds of all wheels in a multi-axis independent driving system without mechanical transmission connection. The NCS method integrates normalizing and coupling techniques by emulating mechanical line shaft. All wheels' speeds are normalized, and thus can be synchronized whether the wheel's revolution speeds are the same or different. Then, all of the normalized wheel speeds are coupled in order to eliminate speed synchronization errors between any pair of axes. Therefore, the new algorithm is able to achieve global speed synchronization. It is applicable to multi-axis driving vehicles either driving in straight line or making a turn. The conducted computational simulation shows that the proposed method gets better result in reducing speed synchronization errors in both cases of same and different wheel speeds compared to some classic speed sync methods in the literature. To further validate the effe...


In a control system consists of heterogeneous fieldbus protocols, real-time data exchange among all devices needs interoperation of field buses. In this paper, Ethernet-based solutions for fieldbus interoperability is discussed. In order to evaluate whether real-time requirements can be met, the maximum communication delay between PROFIBUS and CAN on switched Ethernet is calculated.


The current focus of breast cancer research is to develop a novel strategy to prevent the disease. In this review a potential model of breast cancer development is proposed based upon the results of laboratory models of the induction of mammary carcinogenesis. It is clear that susceptibility to initiation occurs in young female animals, and a preventive strategy is more effective the sooner it is started after initiation occurs. In humans we do not know the timing or the nature of the carcinogenic insult, but epidemiologic studies suggest that the process is long and initiation is most likely to occur in young adults. Hormones are the key to promotion of the carcinogenic process and it would appear that strategically the earlier an intervention is applied after initiation the better will be the general effect on the population. Hormonal contraception could prevent breast cancer if the appropriate formulation was chosen and used by all young women. This inhibitory strategy might protect women without the need to preselect based on risk factors. Breast cancer prevention would be a side effect of the contraceptive method. Alternatively, tamoxifen, an antiestrogen, is known to prevent mammary carcinogenesis in animals and prevent the appearance of second primary breast cancers in women. This well tested therapeutic agent is currently being evaluated in clinical trials of selected high‐risk women aged 35 and above. Finally, retinoids have shown promise as agents in the laboratory to prevent cell replication and inhibit mammary tumorigenesis. A trial of retinoids to prevent second primary tumors in node negative breast cancer patients is currently underway in Italy.


Double-flow hydromechanical transmissions are widely used in industrial tractors and high-speed tracked vehicles. The main advantage of this transmission is a higher value of the maximum efficiency compared to a single-flow hy-dromechanical transmission. Considered is the double-flow hydromechanical transmission of the industrial tractor D8L «Caterpillar» and the results of its bench experimental studies are presented. In this transmission, the torque converter operates in a certain rotational speed range of the driven shaft in the counter-rotating mode of the turbine wheel. In the domestic and foreign literature there are no external characteristics of torque converters with the mode of turbine wheel anti-rotation. It was not possible to obtain such external characteristics of the torque converter experimentally so far. This is due to the complexity of providing a test-bench with anti-rotation mode of the turbine wheel of the torque converter. This mode is realized only in a double-flow hydromechanical transmission. However, with its experimental test-bench studies, existing techniques did not allow plotting of an external characteristic of the for the turbine wheel counter-rotating mode. At experimental test-bench researches of a torque converter only it is also impossible to provide the mode of counter rotation of a turbine wheel. In this paper, a method is given for plotting of external characteristic of a torque converter with turbine wheel anti-rotation mode, if an external characteristic of a double-flow hydromechanical transmission is known. The validity and reliability of the proposed approach to the plotting of the external characteristic of the torque converter with turbine wheel counter rotation mode is confirmed by the results of bench experimental studies of the double-flow hydromechanical transmission and the torque converter of the industrial tractor D8L Caterpillar.


The invention relates to a modular electrical switchgear device (1) comprising: -a cut block (100) having cutoff unit blocks (80); -an actuating block (200) cleavage of the unit blocks (80) having an electromagnetic actuator having a fixed yoke (201) and a movable armature (202); -means allowing the fixing of the actuating block (200) on the isolating unit (100), said modular device comprises rapid fixing means allowing detachable attachment of the actuating block (200) on the breaking unit ( 100), said means comprising at least one coupling hook (214) for fixing and holding the breaking unit to the actuating unit and to cooperate with an actuating device (34) of the cutoff unit block (80 ) for transmitting the movement of the actuator.


The methodology for obtaining a recording and the initial findings from the seismocardiography (SCG) technique are described. It is shown that the seismocardiogram contains clearly defined points associated with the cardiac cycle that are correlated by analyzing simultaneous SCG and M-mode and Doppler echocardiograms. In the absence of heart disease, the resting seismocardiogram remains stable over a period of at least three months. There is a recognizable normal seismocardiogram that is altered by chronic left ventricular dysfunction, including myocardial infarction and dilated cardiomyopathy. Ventricular pacing produces reversible changes in the ventricular systolic wave component of the seismocardiogram. Thus, the normal seismocardiogram remains stable over time, but becomes altered during both chronic irreversible and acute reversible changes in left ventricular contraction.<<ETX>>


The author explains the concept and purpose of ASN.1, which is in effect a data definition language, allowing protocol data unit definition without needing to specify transmission encoding. The high level language and encoding are briefly described, along with their usage and current status.


Thin-layer separation and micro-fabrication of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymers are conducted via an ultra-short pulsed laser having a pulse width of 900 fs and lasing at an infrared wavelength of 1552 nm. The plasma-mediated ablation threshold of the PDMS is analyzed as 4.6 J cm−2 for single pulse irradiation. The threshold reduces with increasing pulses due to the accumulation effect, and the incubation factor is obtained as 0.52. The influences of two key factors—pulse overlap rate and irradiation pulse energy—on the ablation line width, internal ablation interface depth and ablation surface quality are scrutinized. To achieve quality separation and fabrication without visible thermal damage, a proper pulse overlap rate range of 1–2 pulses µm−1 is found with a modest irradiation pulse energy range of 1–1.5 µJ. Complete separation of thin PDMS layers of 20 µm thickness is realized. The separated thin layer is uniform, having a thickness fluctuation of ±1 µm. A multi-width micro-channel interconnected network is fabricated, and the SEM images show that the ablation surface roughness is close to the depth of focus.


Theorem. Let V be a complex analytic variety irreducible at a point p G V. Given any integer I, there exists an analytic curve Ct on V passing through p and irreducible at p such that the germs of Ci and Vatp are isomorphic up to order I. In (6) Hironaka and Rossi have proven the following result: Let F be a complex analytic variety of pure dimension r and;? an isolated singular point of V. Then there exists an integer vQ so that if p' is an isolated singular point of a complex analytic variety V of pure dimr and if ®p(V)/nC ** Qp-(V')/mp, for some v > v0, where the isomorphism is as C algebras and mp is the maximal ideal of the local ring Bp(V) of Fat;?, then 0, there exists a prime ideal P, in R, with P, c M' and dim R/P, = 1. The results of §§1 and 2 can be deduced from those of §3; we include both proofs to illustrate the various techniques. The argument presented in Theorem 3 is due to M. Hochster, and the authors are grateful for his permission to reproduce it here. In §4, we give an application of these results to local differentiable


An eddy-current-based nondestructive inspection (NDI) system using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) cooled using a coaxial pulse tube cryocooler was constructed for the inspection of microflaws on copper tubes employing a high-Tc SQUID gradiometer and a Helmholtz-like coil inducer. The detection of artificial flaws several tens of µm in depth on copper tubes 6.35 mm in outer diameter and 0.825 mm in thickness was demonstrated using the SQUID-NDI system. With an excitation field of 1.6 µT at 5 kHz, a 30-µm-depth flaw was successfully detected by the system at an SN ratio of at least 20. The magnetic signal amplitude due to the flaw was proportional to both excitation frequency and the square of flaw depth. With consideration of the system's sensitivity, the results indicate that sub-10-µm-depth flaws are detectable by the SQUID-NDI system.


In this study, a new algorithm is proposed-Asynchronous Averaging and Filtering AAF for ECG signal de-noising. R-peaks are detected with another proposed algorithm-Minimum Slot and Maximum Point selecting method MSMP. AAF algorithm reduces random noise major component of EMG noise from ECG signal and provides comparatively good results for baseline wander noise cancellation. Signal to noise ratio SNR improves in filtered ECG signal, while signal shape remains undistorted. The authors conclude that R-peak detection with MSMP method gives comparable results from existing algorithm like Pan-Tomkins algorithm. AAF algorithm is advantageous over adaptation algorithms like Wiener and LMS algorithm. Overall performance of proposed algorithms is comparatively good.


In this book, the author exposes sexism in the big locker room of sports and sport journalism. She tells what a female reporter 'sees' inside the locker room and what she learns travelling with the team -- and, how to become accepted as one of the guys without ever becoming one.


In my opinion,we can improve the teaching quality of "Mechanical Foundation" in a variety of ways,such as using flexible teaching patterns,teaching students in accordance of their aptitude,reasonably dealing with the content of teaching materials,organically integrating multimedia teaching into traditional teaching,optimizing teaching in the classroom,fully mobilizing students' non-intellectual factors,stimulating students' learning enthusiasm and interest,enhancing practical teaching and training students' analysis capabilities, comprehensive capabilities and innovating capacity and so on.


To test the hypothesis that a strategy deficit entirely accounts for retarded persons' inferior short-term memory performance, we attempted to eliminate strategies by selecting a task in which strategies would be difficult to use (memory for the position of a lifted weight) and by having subjects report the use of any strategy. In Experiment 1, discriminability among lifted weights was roughly equated for retarded and nonretarded subjects. Experiment 2 showed that for subjects not reporting use of a strategy, nonretarded subjects performed better than did retarded subjects. Use of a strategy improved the performance of nonretarded and retarded subjects by the same amount. In Experiment 3, a task was devised that made it nearly impossible to use the strategies that had been reported in Experiment 2. This increased the reported use of strategies in both groups, though strategies did not significantly improve performance. Thus, the report of strategies used in Experiments 2 and 3 was negatively related to their effectiveness. Findings of Experiment 2 and 3 suggest that a strategy deficit is not sufficient to account for the memory deficit displayed by retarded subjects.


Abstract: The subject of the study is the specifics of the transportation of suspects and accused in the Russian Federation. The object of the study is the conditions of detention and transportation of citizens in specialized cars. The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as the features presented in international practice and in our country to the requirements for these cars. Particular attention is paid to what complaints are sent by suspects and accused about the conditions of their detention, as well as at the time of movement in specialized vehicles. The paper presents the basic requirements for special vehicles designed to transport suspects and accused. В  The main conclusions of this study are the minimization of the violations indicated in the article, while improving Russian legislation, striving in this direction to the norms of international law. A special contribution of the authors of the research topic is a practical overview of the main violations of the rights of suspects or accused. The novelty of the research lies in the systematization of the basic requirements for detention in temporary detention facilities. This scientific work can be considered as a set of measures to improve the content of these persons. The main approaches in this work can be used for a set of measures to prevent such violations against the individual.


This article sets out the objectives of developing analytical work in investigating criminal offenses, with particular reference to preventing and combating corruption offenses in the Republic of Moldova. Also, were analyzed the changes in legislation, which had a positive impact on the analytical activity carried out by the National Anticorruption Center, and it proposes new measures for the development of this activity in terms of science, education and institutions. The results of the research outline the need to develop guidelines for the training of future intelligence analysts, the approval of a model of criminal analysis at the national level and the introduction of a new discipline of study in police faculties - criminal analysis.


Synthetic dyes are extensively used in different industries like textile dyeing, paper, printing, color, photography, pharmaceutics and cosmetics. These are generally toxic and carcinogenic in nature. If not treated, they will remain in nature for a long period of time as they are recalcitrant. Among these, azo dyes represent the largest and most versatile class of synthetic dyes. Approximately 10-15% of the dyes are released into the environment during manufacture and usage. Various methods are used for dye removal viz. physical, chemical, electrochemical and biological. Advantage of chemical, electrochemical and biological methods over physical involves the complete destruction of the dye, but chemical and electrochemical methods are found to be expensive and have operational problems. So the biological method is preferred over other methods for degradation/decolorization of dyes. In the present study, thermophilic lignolytic fungal culture was isolated from compost/soil/digested slurry/plant debris, were subjected for acclimatization to Remazol Brilliant Blue (RBB) at 0.05% concentration, in the malt extract broth (MEB). The most promising fungal isolates were used for further dye degradation studies. The results suggest that the isolates T10, T14 and T17 as a useful tool for degradation of reactive dyes.


The coenzyme NAD plays a major role in metabolism as a key redox carrier and signaling molecule but current measurement techniques cannot distinguish between different compartment pools, between free and protein‐bound forms and/or between NAD(H) and NADP(H). Local free NAD/NADH ratios can be determined from product/substrate ratios of suitable near‐equilibrium redox reactions but the application of this principle is often precluded by uncertainties regarding enzyme activity, localization and coenzyme specificity of dehydrogenases. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we circumvented these issues by expressing a bacterial mannitol‐1‐phosphate 5‐dehydrogenase and determining the cytosolic free NAD/NADH ratio from the measured [fructose‐6‐phosphate]/[mannitol‐1‐phosphate] ratio. Under aerobic glucose‐limited conditions we estimated a cytosolic free NAD/NADH ratio between 101(±14) and 320(±45), assuming the cytosolic pH is between 7.0 and 6.5, respectively. These values are more than 10‐fold higher than the measured whole‐cell total NAD/NADH ratio of 7.5(±2.5). Using a thermodynamic analysis of central glycolysis we demonstrate that the former are thermodynamically feasible, while the latter is not. Furthermore, we applied this novel system to study the short‐term metabolic responses to perturbations. We found that the cytosolic free NAD–NADH couple became more reduced rapidly (timescale of seconds) upon a pulse of glucose (electron‐donor) and that this could be reversed by the addition of acetaldehyde (electron‐acceptor). In addition, these dynamics occurred without significant changes in whole‐cell total NAD and NADH. This approach provides a new experimental tool for quantitative physiology and opens new possibilities in the study of energy and redox metabolism in S. cerevisiae. The same strategy should also be applicable to other microorganisms. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 734–743. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Electrification of Israel railroads is a successful project being realized during present time. Among the well-known advantages of electric train exploitation are high energetic efficiency, regenerative breaking, diminished pollution, flexibility of traffic control and improved transportation dynamics. However, the use of electric train is accompanied with some specific hurdles caused by significantly stochastic power flows. While in transit between stations an electric train has different phases of movement, during some consuming energy, but from time to time throughout braking processes they become generators transmitting energy back into the electric grid. This circumstance may produce voltage instability in distribution lines, which should be kept inside permissible limits to allow normal operation of electric equipment. Tap-changers on distribution transformers considered for a voltage regulation have sluggish response of ~7-8 sec. Therefore, fast changes of power stream can cause significant voltage deviations. If the voltage overcome explicit allowable level a trigger of a protection system is engendered disconnecting vehicles from a grid. The last causes extremely dangerous detriments and should be maximally prevented.Rapid and considerable changes in train power consumption, in addition may cause network frequency instability which in turn can violate electricity supply.Present article provides an original examination of the future stability of network frequency and distribution voltage which may be assumed when 420 km of Israel railroads will be electrified in the following 5–10 years. For such study special algorithm based on simulation approach was developed and applied. Predicting scenarios for frequency and distribution lines voltage control are represented below in the following text.


Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has wide range of applications including next generation intelligent IoT applications. Sensor nodes in WSNs don't allow replacing batteries as phenomenon under consideration is not frequently accessible or inaccessible. Resource constrained WSN nodes run on batteries with limited capacity. For long running of the WSNs, energy consumption on each node and lifetime of overall network is a concern for IoT applications. To prolong lifetime of WSNs, use of energy efficient method is necessary and a challenging task. Most of the on-demand routing protocols use metrics like number of hops for the selection of path from the source node to the destination node. Purely hop count-based metrics leads to frequent broken paths as well as more energy consumption and results into reduced lifetime of IoT applications. Method proposed in this paper is a cross layer variant of AODV by replacing hop count metric with link quality and collision count. To establish a path, proposed method fetches link quality information from Physical layer and collision information from MAC layer to aid Network layer for making intelligent routing decisions using ZScore method. Using this information, proposed routing metric caters to select stable and sustainable routing path. Method proposed in this paper is implemented in well-known network simulator, NS-2 by incorporating necessary changes into existing physical and MAC layers as well as AODV protocol. A comparative analysis with existing methods is an indicator of improved performance in terms of energy efficiency, network lifetime, path stability and delay.


On' twenty-nine patients, fifteen with liver cirrhosis, seven with epidemic hepatitis and seven with carcinoma of the liver, the hepatic blood flow was estimated by the hepatic venous catheterization. In fourteen of them, the hepatic arterio-venous oxygen difference was determined and splanchnic oxygen consumption was calculated. (1) In the patients with liver cirrhosis, the EHBF was generally decreased (565cc/min./M2). However, in the cases with hepatic enlargement and slight fibrosis observed peritoneoscopically the EHBF was normal or slightly decreased (830-940cc/min./M2), on the other hand in the cases with distinguished liver atrophy the EHBF was highly decreased (155-500 cc/min./M2). In the former, the prognosis was relatively good. (2) In the patients with epidemic hepatitis, the EHBF was 745 (480-1310) cc/min./M2, and in those with carcinoma of the liver was 630 (310-955) cc/min./M2. (3) The hepatic arterio-venous oxygen difference was 5.38 (2.36-6.90) Vol.% in the patients with liver cirrhosis, and 5.02 (2.11-7.85) Vol.% in epidmic hepatitis. These difference was smaller than that of the healthy persons and the cases without liver disease. Calculated splanchnic oxygen consumption was 24.8 (10.0-45.2) cc/min./M2 in liver cirrhosis and 35.3 (18.1-60.5) cc/min./M2 in epidemic hepatits, both having been less than that in control persons. (4) On the basis of the studies described on first report and here, the effect of upright standing, diet, blood transfusion and various drugs on the EHBF was examined and discussed.


A review of all resections for recurrent or metastatic ACC was performed to identify patients who might benefit from a surgical approach, and to identify factors that might aid in prognosis among patients with metastatic disease.


Nowadays, smoking is a very familiar sight. Smoking habits are considered to provide enjoyment for the smoker, however on the other hand they can cause negative effects for the smokers themselves and those around them. Research on the effects of smoking in women has not been done, whereas women, who do not smoke, are one of the victims of exposure to cigarette smoke from husbands / men who smoked. This research generally aims to study the effect of cigarette smoke on the folliculogenesis process in mice (Mus muscullus), which includes the establishment of primary follicle, secondary follicle, tertiary follicle and follicle de graaf. The research was conducted in subjects with variation of cigarette smoke dosage. K1 group as a control group was given the aroma therapy smoke to its mice. K2 group was given 1 dose / 24 hour smoke. K3 group was given 2 doses / 24 hour smoke. K4 group was given 3 doses / 24 hour smoke in all treatment groups. The hypothesis is tested with two-way analysis of variance, in which the first factor is exposure to cigarette smoke and the second is the day of observation. Exposure to cigarette smoke within 6 weeks has significant effect on the formation of primary follicle in mice. The overall exposure to cigarette smoke is 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks that has significant effect on the formation of secondary follicle in mice. While, it has no significant effect on the formation tertiary follicle in mice. Exposure to cigarette smoke in a period of 6 weeks has no significant effect on the formation of follicle de graaf in mice.


We prove the existence of weak solutions to some nonlinear elliptic equations governed by an anisotropic operator mapping an appropriate function space to its dual. A sign condition with no growth restrictions with respect to the variable solution is imposed to a perturbed nonlinear term to the operator. The data is considered to be close to L^1 .


This paper presents the results of numerical and experimental investigations into the elastic properties of iron-gallium alloys known as Galfenol, one of only a few metal alloys known to exhibit large auxetic or negative Poisson's ratio behavior. This research was undertaken to develop an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that lead to the unusual macro-scale trends in Galfenol elastic properties, as well as to create an experimentally determined database of these composition-dependent properties. To accomplish this, we have developed quantum theory-based models of the composition-dependent electronic structure of Galfenol alloys. We first present a modeling approach in which systematic density functional calculations and relationships between strains and total energies are employed to predict elastic stiffness constants C11,C12 and C44, from which Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus are calculated. This modeling approach is also used to simulate elastic constants for the iron-aluminum alloy known as Alfenol, which is shown to exhibit similar behavior. We also use these models to simulate the relationship between strains along orthogonal crystallographic directions as an alternate approach for predicting Poisson's ratio values. The second portion of this paper addresses the experimental aspects of this study. Tensile tests of single-crystal Galfenol specimens with compositions of 12 to 25 atomic percent gallium were conducted to determine the composition dependent values of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. These experimental results are used to validate model predictions and to provide experimental data to further aid in visualizing trends in elastic properties. This project will enable future researchers to refer to the elastic properties of the alloy obtained using two different techniques, as well as enable them to select the alloy with optimum elastic properties for their applications.


The author considers ways librarians can support scholars in managing the demands of copyright so as to respond to the needs of scholarly communication.


We examine the optimality of the Friedman rule by considering recent development of behavioral economics. We construct a simple macroeconomic model where agents discount consumption and leisure at different rates. We also consider a standard exponential discounting model and a hyperbolic discounting model, by assuming that the same discounting applies to both consumption and leisure. Money is introduced via a cash-in-advance constraint. Although the three models are observationally equivalent, they provide different policy implications. The Friedman rule is optimal in the latter two models, while it is not optimal in the first model if agents discount consumption is at a higher rate than leisure.


The purpose of this study is to clarify the relation between sports star image perceived by athlete participants and psychological desire and athlete sat- isfaction. Data were collected to perform various statistical analysis utilizing criteria for athlete satisfaction, psychological desire, sports star image in order to accomplish this study purpose. It was shown that sports star image perceived by athlete participants has indirect influence over athlete satisfaction through psychological desire not to mention the direct influence over athlete satisfaction.


Nicotinic acid is used to treat dyslipidemia from the past few decades. Nicotinic acid has the capability to increase plasma HDL cholesterol concentration, and so it is being used as a potential pharmacological agent. Nicotinic acid has an unwanted side effect called flushing, which effect the patients compliance as this is unpleasant . With the help of receptor GPR109A for nicotinic acid it is possible to understand the underlying mechanism of action and effects of nicotinic acid, and this helped in maximizing the potential pharmacological effects of nicotinic acid and reducing the flushing side effects.GPR109A is a G protein coupled receptor which is activated by nicotinic acid (NA).The role of GPR109A receptor in the efficacy of nicotinic acid is discussed in this paper.


An approach to the assessment of risk to buried pipelines from ice gouging is developed using Fuzzy Set Theory. Statistical procedures currently used to analyze ice gouge data are inadequate in that they do not assess the site-specific risk, i. e. , the influence of bottom soil types, water depths, or the degree of site protection. Evaluation of regional hazards using statistical procedures alone can over- or underestimate the site-specific hazards. Analyzing existing data with more sophisticated methods may allow ice gouging frequencies to be determined with more confidence. Based on observations of the gouges that cross different soil horizons and their modifications with time, it appears that Fuzzy Set Theory is well suited to process this type of data to develop site-specific ice gouge risk estimates.


Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is routinely used in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and for monitoring the long-term glycemic control in patients already diagnosed with DM. HbA1c is measured in the clinical laboratory based either on the charge of the glycated molecule by cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) or electrophoresis, or on the physical structure of the glycated hemoglobin via immunoassays, boronate affinity chromatography or mass spectrometry. The addition of glucose to HbA triggers a decrease in the negative charge of the molecule making chromatographic separation of HbA1c from HbA using CE-HPLC possible. Estimation of HbA1c by CE-HPLC depends upon the separation of each of the patient's hemoglobin species from HbA1c. In this context, the estimation of HbA1c using CE-HPLC is affected by Hb mutations (Hb variants) and posttranslational modifications (e.g. carbamylation and acetylation) that also alter the charge of hemoglobin molecule. Due to the clinical implications of diagnostic of DM and maintaining glucose control, accurate quantification of HbA1c is essential. A thorough understanding of the analytical and clinical limitations of the methods used (e.g. CE-HPLC) for HbA1c evaluation is extremely important. This review discusses the interferences of Hb variants and other factors in the evaluation of HbA1c using CEHPLC methodology.


One of the most critical issues facing the semiconductor industry is process testing and evaluation. Correcting marginal or faulty processes quickly is essential to maintaining yield and throughput. Simulation, statistical process control, and final circuit electrical tests are the most common methods of approaching the testing and evaluation problem. Statistical process control techniques are used to monitor critical parameters at periodic intervals in the manufacturing process. The variation of the parameters is analyzed to assure the process is within specifications. Although this approach is able to detect and prevent many faults, it is unable to detect other faults that can lead to bad devices. Currently, final electrical and functional tests provide the most comprehensive information in terms of establishing circuit functionality and implementing the necessary process adjustments. However, specific process flaws are generally only detectable by indirect trial and error procedures. These trial and error procedures often require a process engineer to go through a number of iterations between the process and final test data to find the problem.


The clinical use of information systems is now widely accepted in hospital departments. Among diagnostic instrumental examinations the electrocardiogram is the most popular diagnostic procedure in hospitals and outpatient points of care and its integration in Hospital Information System (HIS) is mandatory. We report our experience in integrating ECG devices in the clinical HIS of an advanced Health Care Center for.pulmonaty and cardiovascular disease. In the last five years the Electronic Medical Record was daily used and automatically filled, as much as possible, by diagnostic instrumentation. Electrocardiogram was the last diagnostic procedure to be integrated; this depended both by technical problems and by functional variables. Solutions adopted are the results of technical choices for an optimal integration of ECG devices into Electronic Medical Record and the guidelines and advices suggesied by doctors and nurses. One year validation takes into account the real bedside process of ECG acquisition in clinical ward or laboratories, following the instrumentation requirements as expected by the users. On the basis of our experience we conclude that the commercial ECG device integration is far to be reached and it is one of the most challenge problems in a hospital environment


Abstract : This strategy research paper focuses the Ramadan War, October 1973, as a turning point in the Middle East with profound strategic consequences for Egypt and the region and worthy of study by all military professionals. The strategic importance of the operation is addressed through a study of the history of Arab-Israeli conflict, the innovations in strategic and operational art, and the long term consequences from the Egyptian perspective. It reflects how initiative (strategic, operational, and tactical), innovation, surprise at all levels, mastery of new technology, and military competency resulted in battlefield success. Egypt's success, in turn, resulted in a new appreciation and respect for Egyptian arms and put in motion the events that resulted in the Camp David Accords, the Treaty of Peace between Egypt and Israel, and the return of the Sinai to Egypt-a clear strategic victory.


This paper demonstrate novel coupler 1 × N coupler based on polymer optical fiber (POF) was fabricated by handwork fusion method using yellow flame burner and metal tube. A new additional process - twisting-effect removal - is demonstrated to enhance fusion quality. For the purpose of performance characterization, LED fiber source with 650 wavelengths was injected into input fiber while optical power in output fibers was measured by optical power meter. The final results showed that the power-splitting performance of the coupler is satisfying since the insertion loss and excess loss is extremely low (< 7 dB and 0.53 dB, respectively). For video surveillance application, the coupler has potential for high quality video transmission in tree-topology communication system.


Abstract An enigmatic scene in one of the seven stained glass windows of the axial chapel of Troyes Cathedral merits re-examination (figure 1). It has been discussed only twice in the scholarly literature: in 1955, Jean Lafond mentioned the large percentage of authentic medieval glass remaining in the panel, but left it as a 'sujet inexplique1 and in 1968, Henry Kraus identified it as a Christian-Jewish disputation over the eucharist.2 Despite the quality and importance of the Troyes stained glass, and the abundance of recent work on the nature of medieval symbolism and on relations between Christians, Jews, and heretics,3 no one has pursued the topic. In this paper, possible meanings for the scene will be explored, based on an analysis of the social history of Troyes in the early thirteenth century when the window was executed.4


A stylistic survey of Malaysian mosque architecture shows four distinct trends: 1) Traditional style, which covers most of the mosques that were built before the country's independence in 1957; 2) Colonial style that was influenced by Indian Mughal architecture, was followed partly after independence, and continued for a while after that; 3) Modern trend began with the National Mosque completed in 1965, and scattered mosques that were built after the National Mosque until the end of the 20th century; and 4) Mosques that were erected in the 21st century, which can be generally explained by the term 'eclectic' design. Eclecticism gained rapid momentum in the field of Malaysian mosque architecture since the dawn of the current century. Significant eclectic mosques that have transformed the scene and skylines of major Malaysian cities have often been heavily financed by the government – an indication of conscious choice of direction. This paper aims at providing a categorisation of the process of evolution of contemporary mosque architecture in Malaysia, not based on independent stylistic tendencies, but under three major historical/thematic phases: 1) Independence and Departure from Tradition; 2) Middle Eastern Inspirations; and 3) Rise of eclecticism, with an emphasis on the last phase, i.e. rise of eclecticism in the 21st century. Masjid Wilayah, completed in August 2000, was chosen as a case study because it is the first major eclectic mosque born in the 21st century, incorporating some six established styles, and also the most comprehensive example.


The invention relates to a preparation method of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinamide, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: by using methyl 3-amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid as the initial raw material, hydroxylating, esterifying, aminating, nitrifying, reducing and fluorizing to obtain the 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinamide. The preparation method of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinamide has the advantages of easily purchased initial raw material, mild reaction conditions and high yield, is simple to operate, and is suitable for industrial production. The technical route is short, the operation is simple, and the technical conditions are easy to control. The yields of all the six reaction steps are high. The technical conditions are mild and easy to control. The invention is suitable for an industrial production device, and can operate stably.


Rich and diverse types of geoheritage resources are distributed in Wangmangling National Geopark in the south of the Taihang Mountain,which are of great aesthetic and geoscientific value.Based on field investigation and studies of genesis,shapes,scales,natural properties and distributions of geoheritage resources,the authors have divided the geoheritage resources into four categories,i.e.,landscapes,sedimentary structure,tectonic deformation and dinosaur fossil.This paper deals in detail with the genesis and evolutions of landscapes in the area,such as canyon,karst,planation surface,fluvial terrace and waterfall.The results have great significance in promoting the scientific value of the geological heritage of Wangmangling National Geopark and provide lots of materials for the study of the evolution of the Taihang Mountain.


Many are aware of the surge in put options purchased on American and United Airlines as well as several major tenants of the WTC in the days preceding 9/11, purchases the 9/11 Commission Report waves away in a footnote on pg. 499 as having no connection with the events of 9/11 because the unnamed "institutional investors" responsible had "no conceivable ties to al Qaeda". More obscure, and nowhere mentioned in the Commission Report, are the facts of the WTC computer data recovery operation undertaken in late 2001 by Convar GmbH, a German firm. Under conditions of hermetic secrecy, Convar used its proprietary technology to salvage data from the damaged hard drives of WTC tenants, as reported in December 2001 by Reuters and CNN.


We are happy to celebrate a new year, 2021, with a brilliant series of review papers written by authorities in a wide range of analytical chemistry fields mostly by Japanese scientists. These articles show a spontaneous activity of science from free minds in Asia about Japan. As already known by our readers of this journal, the impact factor of Analytical Sciences (Anal. Sci.) has attained 2.0 last year, and we are going up to a new stage where the journal should work as a third core journal of analytical chemistry among those of USA and Europe.


Abstract A rapid and sensitive fluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of trace hydrogen peroxide (0–5.0 × 10−6 mol/l) and, indirectly, glucose (3.0 × 10−7 – 3.5 × 10−5 mol/l), based on the catalytic effect of hemin on the thiamine, a new fluorogenic substrate, and hydrogen peroxide system at pH=8.0. Using the fixed time method, the detection limits of hydrogen peroxide and glucose are 3.0 × 10−8 mol/l and 3.0 × 10−7 mol/l, respectively. This method is simple, inexpensive and has been applied successfully to the determination of glucose in human sera with relative standard deviation of 2.4–3.1%. ∗The State Laboratory for Tumor Cell Engineering. Department of Biology, Xiamen University. Xiamen 361005, P.R. China.


Three novel complexes {[Mn3(pimdc)2(H2O)5]·H2O}n (1), [Mn(H2pimdc)2(2,2′-bpy)] (2), and [Mn3(Hpimdc)2(H2pimdc)2 (4,4′-bpy)2(H2O)2]n (3) (where H3pimdc = 2-propyl-4,5-imida- zoledicarboxylate; bpy = 2,2/4,4-bipyridine) have been prepared and characterized by infrared spectrum, thermal analysis, and X-ray crystal diffraction. H3pimdc forms three kinds of coordination modes due to the different pH of solution. In 1, two Mn(II) centers connected through the coordinated ligands of H3pimdc to form a 3D framework. Complex 2 forms a 3D framework through hydrogen bonds and C–H···π interactions. In 3, 1D chains are engaged in hydrogen-bonding interactions with coordinated water O9 and carboxylate oxygens O4 and O6 forming a higher dimensional structure. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry to view the supplemental file.


Recent innovative North American poetry is a good place for thinking about the status of a new aesthetics, since it's been busy writing one. I'm thinking of American and Canadian poets, most in their thirties and forties now, who are writing in light of the poetic and critical projects of Language poetry, though they are by no means simply following them out. These poets, referred to as ''postLanguage'' writers in the small-press world in which they've emerged, raise interesting questions about new habits of literary criticism, since their poems read both as theory and poetry. Although these poets have not yet produced a body of writing like the criticism and theory of the Language poets, their poetry reads like the yield, if not the foregrounding, of significant theoretical effort. More specifically, many of the post-Language writers seem to have taken a kind of Frankfurt school turn in their poems, by which I mean not so much that they are crankily denouncing a culture industry— though they may—or critically miming ''authoritarian'' types of language—though they do—but that they have become invested in a historical story about what Theodor Adorno called ''damaged life,'' or what Susan Stewart might call the ''fate'' of the material world, its pasts and possible futures. Unlike Adorno or Walter Benjamin, though, many of the post-Language poets have struck a kind of camp posture toward the ''damage'' of late capitalism, in a way that borrows from but reinterprets both the messianism of Adorno and Benjamin and the subcultural (especially queer) trajectory of camp. The best sketch I can offer of the Frankfurtian part of this historical story about a ''damaged'' material life is to say that it's not


This essay explores the interanimations between grievance and archetypes of Black motherhood that produce popular representations of Black maternal resilience, the most circulated being that of the "strong Black mother" and, what I term, icons of Black maternal mourning. I argue that these images circumscribe which maternal responses to trauma are legible and acceptable within public spheres, and enforce how Black mothers should "productively" cope with loss that is predicated on their continued presence and/or attempts for judicial redress. Thus I forward Black maternal grief as an analytic, which is animated by silence, unintelligible responses, and vulnerability. Formulated on the death of my paternal grandmother, I bring together Huey Newton's articulation of "revolutionary suicide," concepts of public cultures, and resistive performances of Black women entertainers to work toward an analytical practice that conceptualizes grief as a location and tactic Black mothers have deployed. This essay's primary aim is to widen our lens to the myriad ways Black mothers deal with traumatic loss, and to understand the salience of grief in formations of Black women.


Taking advantage of the real-time measuring controlling system, the smart structural vibration signal can be sampled, filtered, analyzed and the smart structural vibration will also get to be controlled and suppressed in real-time. This paper introduces the hardware structure and software design of a host and slave type of vibration active control real-time measuring-controlling system composed of TMS320 VC33 digital signal processor and personal computer. The real-time measuring and control software can be used to model the system, to identify system parameters to control law simulation and to optimize sensor and actuator place is correct valid and stable.


Satellite clustered distributed storage system (SCDSS) is a space-ground integrated network architecture which can provide global wide-coverage and inter-connections among data centers around world. Some soft errors caused by single event upsets (SEUs) in outer space make many failures of on-orbit storage devices, which causes stored data lost. In consequence, effective storage codes, e.g., regenerating codes(RCs) and generalized regenerating codes(GRCs), are crucial to ensure the availability of data with the objective of minimizing transmission cost when repairing the failure nodes. However, heterogeneity is an inevitable problem that result in high cost, due to the diversity of communication links with different transmit powers, link bandwidths and communication distances. Existing coding strategies can not provide an effective solution to deal with the heterogeneity of bandwidth costs among different satellite clusters. In this paper, we propose an asymmetric repair strategy of RCs and GRCs, and derive the upper bound of achievable capacity for data storage in heterogeneous clusters. Then, based on the satellite link analysis, we define cost coefficient, and give the expression of data repair cost, which can be optimized by solving a linear programming problem. Finally, numerical results demonstrate that, compared with the repair cost of typical coding strategies of RCs and GRCs, our asymmetric repair strategy performs better performance in reducing the repair cost, as an effective solution for data availability maintenance in SCDSS.


Grouting has found several applications in the practice of civil engineering, especially in foundation engineering and a number of grouting materials are available in the field now. Cement is a popular grouting material where the strength improvement of the formation materials is of major concern. Various research workers have suggested that the addition of certain admixtures will improve the properties of cement grout. However, the effect of these admixtures on the strength aspect of grouted medium are not well studied. This paper presents the results of studies made on the influence of some admixtures on the strength of loose sandy soil grouted with cement.


My book was conceived well before the European migration crisis erupted, and it aims to set out principles that democratic states should follow with respect to immigration generally, not only in the circumstances that we currently face. So it addresses economic migration, temporary migration, access to citizenship and so forth as well as the responsibility to aid refugees. Indeed the migration crisis subjects these principles to a severe test, as I suggest in the Postscript. The aim of the book is to understand immigration as a central topic of political philosophy, raising questions about the state, legitimacy, territory, self-determination, social justice, cultural identity and so forth, alongside issues of global justice and human rights. In taking this approach, I set aside as partial and incomplete two ways in which the immigration issue is frequently discussed in current debate. One sees it as an economic issue; who gains and who loses financially from immigration, and where does the overall balance of advantage lie? I set this aside not only because the arguments on either side tend to be finely balanced, but also because it ignores the social and political consequences of large-scale migration for both receiving and sending societies, which are much more significant in the long run. The other approach I reject looks at immigration entirely through the lens of human rights – often interpreted in a somewhat expansive way. I fully accept that immigrants' human rights are an important consideration when immigration policy is being made, but they have to be taken alongside the collective values referred to in my first paragraph. The approach I take presupposes that it is legitimate for the government of a political community to give greater weight to the interests of its own members than to those of outsiders, so in the second chapter, I reject strong cosmopolitanism and introduce the idea of associative obligations to explain why such partiality is justified. But I also accept a weak cosmopolitan premise that requires us to recognise the equal moral worth of all human beings, and that can be cashed out practically in two ways: first as an obligation to respect human rights, and second as a requirement to provide relevant reasons if we withhold benefits that go beyond what human rights demand. This premise


The piracy of a digital movie is a significant problem for movie studios and producers but can be prevented by digital video watermarking. In existing watermarking algorithms, robustness to several attacks on the watermark has been improved. However, none of these existing techniques are robust to a combination of the common geometric distortions of scaling, rotation, cropping and downscaling in resolution with other attacks such as video compression. In this paper, a blind video watermarking algorithm is proposed where the watermark is embedded in the singular values of the dual-tree complex wavelet transform coefficients of the chrominance channel. As distortion in the chrominance channel is less sensitive to the human eye, the original video quality is maintained. The singular value decomposition is used due to the good stability of its singular values while the approximate shift invariance characteristic of the dual-tree complex wavelet transform ensures robustness to geometric attacks. The proposed scheme is robust to upscaling, rotation, cropping, downscaling to an arbitrary resolution, aspect ratio change, noise addition and H.264/AVC compression.


Abstract Different species of Bryobia, Bryobiella, Neopetrobia and Petrobia (Acarina : Tetranychidae) are reported from India. These are : Bryobia ehari Pritchard and Keifer on chrysanthemum; Bryobia praetiosa Koch on almond, clover with grass, ibea creeper, leaf litter, lentil, Liliaceae plant, lichi, loquat, peach, pear, plum, rose; Bryobiella ludhianensis n. sp. from house sparrow nest, from Ludhiana (Punjab); Neopetrobia simlaenis n.sp. on bamboo, from Simla (Himachal Pradesh); Petrobia hard (Ewing) on apple, banana, egg plant (wild), 'jamun', Liliaceae plant, 'sarkanda', Oxalis and Petrobia latens (Muller) on clover with grass , Liliacea plant and wheat.


The utility model relates to an apparatus for producing silicon monoxide. In the utility model, a high aluminum oxide inner tube is used as a furnace chamber, the external of the high aluminum oxide inner tube is wound with electro-thermal furnace wires, the external of a high aluminum oxide outer tube is provided with a thermal insulation jacket layer, and the high aluminum oxide inner tube, the high aluminum oxide outer tube and the thermal insulation jacket layer which are sheathed together are arranged in a seamless steel pipe housing, the axial line of which is horizontal; one end of the high aluminum oxide inner tube is sealed, the other end of the high aluminum oxide inner tube is provided with a circular pipe-shaped collector, one end of which is sealed, and the opening end of the collector is provided with a temperature resistance shield ring; the front end of the seamless steel pipe housing, in which the collector is arranged, is sealed by an end cover, and the back end of the seamless steel pipe housing is connected with pumping vacuum equipment. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient installation and operation, good furnace inner temperature gradient and high product productivity.


Low permeability reservoirs have characteristics such as high argillaceous cement content,high water saturation,high capillary pressure,highly water sensitive,small pore throats,poor permeability,complex structures,highly inhomogeneous,and high resistance to flow,and often are accompanied by naturally fractures.Researches had proved that water block was the most important cause for permeability impairment,with impairment percent of 70%-90%.This paper analyzed from different aspects the sources and the influential factors of water block.An amphoteric polymer sulfonate drilling fluid was developed with multiple functions,minimal damage to reservoir permeability,and ultra-low filter loss.This drilling fluid is beneficial to the development of low-permeability reservoirs.


This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of various sets of gate stacks: n-Si/SiO2/ALD-HfO2/Ti-Pt, n-Si/SiON/ALD-HfO2/Ti-Pt, n-Si/SiON/ALD-ZrO2/Ti-Pt and n-Si/SiON/ALD-ZrON/Ti-Pt under N2 and NH3 as annealing ambients. The XRD, AFM and FTIR characterizations have been performed for their structural and morphological studies; whereas the electrical characterization includes capacitance-voltage (C-V), conductance-voltage (G-V) and current-voltage (I-V) analysis. Electrical parameters such as dielectric constant (k), effective oxide thickness (EOT) and leakage current density (J) have been extracted through C-V, G-V and I-V measurements. The results suggest that SiON growth prior to HfO2, ZrO2 and ZrON deposition has the potential to surmount the problem of high leakage current density and interfacial traps due to sufficient amount of N2 incorporated at their interface. Electrical characterization such as C-V and I-V reveals the improved results for NH3 annealed ZrO2 sample relative to the all other samples in terms of suppressed gate leakage current, increased dielectric constant and reduced EOT.


Ovarian cancer: the silent killer Ovarian cancer is known as the silent killer, with vague symptoms that make it hard to detect until advanced stages. Added to this the fact that there is currently no reliable screening test and that resistance to treatment is common makes ovarian cancer an extremely challenging form of cancer to treat. Epithelial ovarian cancer, which accounts for the majority of cases, is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer in the United States and the ffth most common cause of cancer-related death. Standard frst-line treatment involves surgery and chemotherapy that is often efective, but not durable. Despite advances in these treatments in the past several decades, only modest improvements in survival have been achieved. Urgent need for new treatment strategies sparked ferce research eforts that have led to several promising developments (Table 1). Most signifcant are poly(ADP)ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, designed to exploit the sensitivity of cells containing defects in homologous recombination (HR) repair pathways, to DNA damaging therapies. PARP inhibition prevents repair of single-stranded breaks in DNA (Figure 1), which in itself is not lethal, but in combination with defects in HR pathways, that repair the resultant double-stranded breaks, leads to cell death. It's thought that up to half of high-grade serous ovarian cancers could be defcient in HR repair because of inherited and acquired mutations, most commonly in the Breast Cancer Susceptibility (BRCA1/2) genes, or epigenetic alterations. Tus PARP inhibition holds signifcant promise for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Most advanced in clinical development is olaparib, currently being evaluated in phase 3 trials as maintenance therapy for women with platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian cancer. In a pivotal phase 2 trial, olaparib led to a signifcant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS). Although this didn't translate into an overall survival (OS) beneft, a subgroup analysis showed a clear advantage in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations, thus phase 3 trials in patients with confrmed germline BRCA1/2 mutations have been initiated. Te SOLO trials will involve women with newly diagnosed disease (SOLO-1) and with relapsed/ recurrent disease (SOLO-2). In June 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration's Oncologic Drug Advisory Committee voted against accelerated approval of olaparib and recommended waiting for the results of these trials. A novel clinical trial design has been applied to the evaluation of another PARP inhibitor, rucaparib. Phase 2 and phase 3 trials are being conducted in parallel using a unique HRD (homologous repair defciency) algorithm that incorporates BRCA1/2 mutations and loss of heterozygosity. Te phase 2 trial (ARIEL-2) will evaluate rucaparib treatment efcacy in molecularly defned subgroups and optimize the HRD test, whereas the phase 3 trial (ARIEL-3) will prospectively validate the HRD test in patients randomized to receive rucaparib or placebo. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature and is a hallmark of malignant transformation. An angiogenic switch is thought to occur in cancer development that shifts this normally tightly regulated process toward a proangiogenic state. Te vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway is central to pro-angiogenic signaling and thus has been a target for anti-angiogenic therapies, a number of which are being evaluated in late-stage trials. Te most extensively studied is bevacizumab, which is being evaluated as both monotherapy and in combination with other drugs. In July, the FDA granted priority review to bevacizumab and chemotherapy for patients with platinum-resistant dis-


This study was performed in order to explore the growth characteristics by growing stage in the containerized seedling and the bare root seedling of Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc., which is the major plantation species of Korean southland. The height growth of 1-year-old bare root seedlings was better than containerized seedlings, which grew in the containers with capacity of 31.2 mL and 300 mL. The root collar diameter growth was the best in the containerized seedlings of container with 300 mL. The 2-year-old bare root seedlings were surveyed to be better in the height and root collar diameter growth than the containerized seedlings of container with 300 mL. In the comparison of dry mass production, it was the highest in 32 mL containerized seedlings as for 1-year-old above ground and in 300 mL containerized seedlings as for below-ground and total dry mass production. In case of 2-year-old seedlings, it was indicated to be high in bare root seedling as for the part above ground and in dry mass production of the containerized seedling as for the part below ground. In the comparison on root morphological traits of seedlings such as the total root length, the root project area, the root surface area, the average diameter in root, and the root volume, all of 1 and 2-year -old containerized seedlings showed the higher growth than the bare root seedlings except the average diameter in root. Synthesizing the results of this experiment, the containerized seedlings are relatively excellent in root development compared to bare root seedlings in the process of producing seedlings of C. obtusa, thereby being judged to have grown into excellent seedlings.


While great progress has been made in the lowest levels of data fusion, practical advances in behavior modeling and prediction remain elusive. The most critical limitation of existing approaches is their inability to support the required knowledge modeling and continuing refinement under realistic constraints (e.g., few historic exemplars, the lack of knowledge engineering support, and the need for rapid system deployment). This paper reports on our ongoing efforts to develop Propheteer, a system which will address these shortcomings through two primary techniques. First, with Propheteer we abandon the typical consensus-driven modeling approaches that involve infrequent group decision making sessions in favor of an approach that solicits asynchronous knowledge contributions (in the form of alternative future scenarios and indicators) without burdening the user with endless certainty or probability estimates. Second, we enable knowledge contributions by personnel beyond the typical core decision making group, thereby casting light on blind spots, mitigating human biases, and helping maintain the currency of the developed behavior models. We conclude with a discussion of the many lessons learned in the development of our prototype Propheteer system.


The compressibility of gaseous ethane (C2H6) has been determined from 0.5 to 5.0 moles per liter and from 25° to 250°C with an estimated accuracy of 0.2 percent or better. Above 250°C ethane decomposes at an appreciable rate when confined in steel. An equation of state is fitted to the data. The average deviation of the calculated from the observed pressure is 0.13 atmosphere or 0.21 percent. The equation of state extrapolates to the critical pressure (at 7 moles/liter and 32.1°C) with an error of 10 percent and calculates the weight of a normal liter to 0.2 percent. The vapor pressures of liquid ethane at 0° and 25°C are given.


Programmed cell death, apoptosis, is a highly regulated process that removes damaged or unwanted cells in vivo and has significant immunological implications. Defective clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages (professional phagocytes) is known to result in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) is a Ca2+-dependent protein crosslinking enzyme known to play an important role in apoptotic cell clearance by macrophages through an ill-defined mechanism. Several studies have implicated TG2 in the apoptosis programme e.g. raised TG2 levels in cells undergoing apoptosis; increased cell death with down-regulation of TG2; up-regulation of TG2 in monocytes upon differentiation into macrophages. Defective clearance of apoptotic cells by TG2 null mice has been described though in this context the role of TG2 is yet to be elucidated. Here we aim to characterise the role of TG2 in macrophage function with a focus on apoptotic cell clearance. THP-1 monocytes were induced to differentiate to macrophage-like cells by three different stimulants and were analysed for the presence of TG2. Macrophage-apoptotic cell interaction studies in the presence and absence of irreversible TG2 inhibitors resulted in significant inhibition of interaction indicating a possible role for TG2 in apoptotic cell clearance. TG2 was expressed at the macrophage cell surface and its association with s3 integrin expression suggests the possible link between TG2 and s3 integrins. Our current findings suggest that TG2 had got a crucial but yet to be defined role in apoptotic cell clearance.


Objective This study was to evaluate the etiological factors,prophylaxis and therapy of pulmonary fungal infection after allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).Methods 6 patients after allo-HSCT with pulmonary fungal infection were involved and analyzed. Results Temperature of all patients exceeded 38℃,and they all had respiratory manifestation; pulmonary CT had no typical manifestation except Aspergillus cases. Leucocytopenia and neutrocytopenia,taking immunodepressant and glucocorticoid,and the cGVHD application broad-spectrum antibiotic in creased,the incidence of pulmonary fungal infection. Amphotericin B was used for Aspergillus cases,the rest used Itraconazole,caspofungin was used to the refractory cases. 4 cases was cured and 2 was dead. Conclusion We should pay more attention to the patients after allo-HSCT with the high risk of pulmonary fungal infection,and try to enhance immune function when the pulmonary fungal infection therapy is undertaken.


Infantile hemangioma is benign vascular tumor with high incidence.
 It is characterized by abnormal endothelial cell proliferation,
 as well as abnorm


This study aims to construct the gamification website module, study the gamification of museum websites, and apply case analyses to preliminarily verify the constructed module. First, research on gamification, website design, and user experience is analyzed and integrated to construct the gamification website design module to enhance user experience. Second, currently developed gamification cases of museum websites are used for the case analysis to verify the module. Third, the above module is further verified through user test and interview.


Academic atmosphere is an essential part of college campus culture.Factors that contribute to academic atmosphere encompass students' attitude towards learning,collective behaviors,and environment of society,families,and colleges.In order to ameliorate academic atmosphere at colleges,it is advisable to strengthen the efforts of highlighting ideological education and self-education,provide an interactive mechanism for teachers and students,put a high value on classroom education,improve learning system,and separate teaching and tests.


In this paper we propose a novel strategy for channel allocation in multi-class mobile networks with prioritized handovers, which uses dynamically variable guard channels to improve network utilization under given quality of service (QoS) constraints. We define user classes, each of them with different utilization of network channels. We consider the guard channel policy where certain number of channels is dedicated to handover calls, and also, the policy in which this number of channels is dynamically adapted to the network requirements. Our target is to obtain the influence of this methodology over performance parameters, such as call blocking and call dropping probability. Traffic, network and mobility parameters are also taken into account, such as cell capacity, traffic intensity, as well as number and distribution of subscribers per classes.


For middle-class English gentlemen who emigrated to Manitoba and the Northwest from 1880 to 1900, performing one's nationality became central to the emigrant's masculinity in a way that it had not for previous generations. Prior to Confederation, class-conscious emigrants from England's middle ranks had sought to reassure themselves of their social superiority by invoking education and gentility, as opposed to nationality. Consider these two statements by Catharine Parr Traill in The Backwoods of Canada (1836):


International Standardization of Common Names for Iberian Endemic Freshwater Fishes Iberian endemic freshwatershes do not have standardized common names in English, which is usually a cause of incon- veniences for authors when publishing for an international audience. With the aim to tackle this problem, an updated list of Iberian endemic freshwatersh species is presented with a reasoned proposition of a standard international designation along with Spanish and/or Portuguese common names adopted in the National Red Data Books.


To study the double-layer composite liners jet form process,Numerical simulate shaped charge under the conditions of double-layer liners jet by the LS-DYNA software and explore the liners jet characteristic parameters of different radius of the transition arc in the Cover Top.The results showed that:in condition of shaped charge,the double cover of different radius of the transition arc in the Cover Top have different degrees of the characteristics of the jet.A reasonable adjustment the in and out cover can help to improve the performance of.the jet.There have certain guiding significance on the engineering.


The ability to read code is an important skill in programming, and is said to be affected by the coding environment and interface. This thesis investigates the impact of colour themes on code reada ...


Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons, Classical Literature and Philology Commons, Other Classics Commons, Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons, Race, Ethnicity and PostColonial Studies Commons, and the Reading and Language Commons


We study a new type of representation problem for optional processes with connections to singular control, optimal stopping and dynamic allocation problems. As an application, we show how to solve a variant of Skorohod's obstacle problem in the context of backward stochastic differential equations.


Shen Congwei terminated his literary creation at the end of 1940's and from then on he had no relationship with it. Admittedly, many reasons accounted for such a phenomenon, but it was mainly because of the closely interwoven factors at that time such as the coercion in political criticism, the restriction of aesthetic judgment and the author's personal love and marriage affairs. They repeatedly tore Shen's life and artistic dream until at last crumbled themcompletely.


Ultrathin C-doped Ge (Ge:C) buffers are used as effective buffer layers to grow thin and smooth Si1−xGex relaxed virtual substrates on Si over a wide range of Ge content (x = 0.23, 0.38, 0.50, 0.65, 1) by ultrahigh vacuum chemical vapor deposition. High degree of relaxation (≥90%) in thin Si1−xGex films (∼50 nm thick) is demonstrated using this approach without additional annealing. Raman data suggest that the Ge:C buffers are still under compressive stress with the subsequent Si1−xGex layer growth. A low threading dislocation density of the order of ∼6 × 104 cm−2 is obtained from the relaxed 500-nm Si0.77Ge0.23 film grown using this method.


In order to give visually impaired people a greater degree of inclusion in society, it is necessary to consider not only aspects related to independence in their physical mobility but also in their intellectual and labor mobility. Currently if a blind person needs information from a book, it must be previously translated in Braille language; in addition, the person must know this language or in the absence there should be the audio version. Most public and private libraries do not currently have books in Braille versions or in their absence audio books, so getting the information to perform some task is complicated. On the other hand, translating books from their original version into Braille language or its audio version is a titanic and expensive task, so in the chapter, the authors propose a technological solution based on the mobile platforms for the blind to perform this task in the place and time necessary without more resources than a Smartphone.


Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is essential for 5G networks in achieving improved fairness and throughput. Scheduling the massive number of users on NOMA systems and wireless networks lead to a rise in the computational loads, which can be reduced using heuristic algorithms. This paper proposes ant-colony optimization (ACO) for user grouping in NOMA systems for 5G networks. The number of resource blocks is increased from one up to twenty to reflect the increase in the number antennas in the large antenna systems. It is observed that the mean throughput of the proposed scheme is improved, and the average mean square error per user is reduced as opposed to the existing schemes.


In this investigation, an attempt has been made to fabricate dissimilar thickness corner joint using non-heat treatable (AA5086) and heat treatable (AA6061) dissimilar aluminium alloys by friction stir welding process with plate thicknesses of 6mm and 4mm. Three parameters and three levels were considered to conduct the experiments such as welding and rotational speeds of 100, 150 and 190 mm/min and 900, 1000 and 1100 rpm and plunge depth of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm. The mechanical properties were evaluated using hardness and tensile tests. Taguchi grey relational analysis was carried out to determine the optimum process parameters. The higher value of tensile strength was obtained 192 MPa at rotational and welding speeds of 1000 rpm and 150 mm/min which was 76.80% of parent material and maximum hardness was 157 HV at thermomechanically affected zone for the rotational speed of 1100 rpm and hardness at stir zone was maximum because of refined grain formation. The microstructures of various regions were observed and analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopes. The tensile samples fractured at the heat affected zone. The spindle motor current consumption, work material temperature distribution, and force generation during friction stir welding were estimated and analyzed.


Suicidal behavior in Seattle and Edinburgh, Scotland, was compared on the basis of data obtained from vital statistics and interviews. There were many similarities between those making attempts in the two places, but marked differences were observed in the method used and in the incidence of alcoholism and drinking at the time of the act. The author identified psychosocial characteristics of Edinburgh that might account for its having a lower suicide rate than Seattle. These included a lower incidence of alcoholism, a more integrated and less mobile society, a smaller percentage of foreign-born and racial minorities, and a cultural tradition of more controlled and less violent behavior. Moreover, the less lethal method of drug overdose was more often used in Edinburgh than in Seattle.


In this article, we disclose a 3‐inch 250ppi active matrix field sequential color electrically suppressed ferroelectric liquid crystal (ESHFLC) display. ESHFLC's ultra‐fast response time (~10µs at 6.67V/µm) enables the display resolution to be tripled via field sequential color technique. Photo‐alignment technology provides ESHFLC with optimal anchoring energy which contributes to a high contrast ratio over 10K:1. Specific 3T1C pixel circuit is designed to convert the analog signal to pulse width modulation. Thus the field sequential color ESHFLC display is achieved on LTPS TFT panel. With the delivered prototype, we successfully demonstrate the active matrix FSC ESHFLC integrated display system. We believe this display may replace IPS or FFS in the near future for portable mobile market. Moreover, high resolution FSC ESHFLC can find more applications in emerging virtual reality displays.


C. A. Gross. 1984. ThehtpR gene product ofE. coli is a sigma factor for heat-shockpromoters. Cell 38:383-390.5. Krueger, J. H., andG. C. Walker. 1984. groEanddnaKgenesofEscherichia coli are induced by UVirradiation andnalidixicacid in an htpR+-dependent fashion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.USA81:1499-1503.6. Laemmli,U.


Today's information resources offer a variety of rational composite structures hardening methods and equipment design for these processes. In parallel, there is literature that offers the mathematical modeling of the hardening process of polymer composite materials. Due to the complexity and long duration of the structures polymerization process, there is a need to create a mathematical model for polymerization results predicting, using different temperatures and infrared radiation (including selective) time. Performed the comparative analysis of different mathematical models based on the Navier-Stokes equation. Owing to the development of numerical methods, such as the finite difference method and the finite element method (MCR and FEM), new opportunities have opened up for a more complete physical features calculations of the studied processes. The polymerization process of the composite in time can be represented by the state function s (t), which is equal to one at the beginning of the process at t = 0, and zero at the end. The hardening process is characterized by a certain polymerization rate v, which shows which part of the composite is synthesized per unit time. A mechanism explaining the kinetics of the reaction rate v1 was proposed by Arrhenius. Accordingly, for any chemical reaction or any change in the physical state of the body, the molecules must overcome the energy barrier, which is called the activation energy. After analyzing the classical equations, a mathematical model was proposed, which describes the process of hardening the composite material under the combined action of heat flux and infrared radiation. A method for determining the parameters of a mathematical model based on the results of experimental research is proposed. A method of accounting for the parameters of infrared radiation in the presented mathematical model, which can be used for the selected spectrum of the radiation and the filters was used. Based on the Arrhenius Equation, a mathematical model was developed that describes the process of changing the physical and mechanical characteristics of composites during hardening. Having determined the constants of the curing process a1, a2 and Ea - the activation energy of the polymerization reaction, it is possible to estimate the degree of hardening of the composite at any time.


Based on the search of ownership to find who is the controlling shareholders of firms,we analyze the influence on the value of corporation because of controlling shareholders' control rights deviating from cash flow rights,then we examine the evidence on expropriation of the recessive ultimate controlling shareholders to the minority shareholders.The empirical study finds that recessive controlling shareholders exist in a lot of listed companies,and they typically have power over firms significantly in excess of their cash flow rights through the use of pyramids.The deviation degree of the controlling shareholders' control rights and cash flow rights and the value of publicly listed companies is negatively related,and there are significant differences among three styles.


Life-threatening rectal variceal bleeding is a rare complication of liver cirrhosis. Various therapeutic interventions including endoscopic variceal ligation and percutaneous transvenous obliteration have been proposed to control significant rectal variceal bleeding. However, these definite hemostasis modalities are not readily available and require an experienced endoscopist or interventional radiologist. Therefore, bridging therapy to control active bleeding is necessary especially in patients with massive bleeding. We report a case of massive rectal variceal bleeding in which a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube was effective at stopping the bleeding until percutaneous transvenous obliteration could be performed.


To study the effect of scour on bridge structures, it is necessary to take into account the scale of the problem. To understand the vibrations of a structure, as for example a bridge pier affected by scour phenomenon, several experiments are in complementarity: first the behavior of reduced scale bridge piers can be studied in a hydraulic flume, where all conditions are taken so that the soil is scoured, second, the real-scale dynamical behaviour of bridge piers can be monitored and analyzed. Both approaches are presented here, and the complementary aspect of the results is shown.


Abstract By definition, a functional group is a moiety attached to a molecule that performs a function in terms of the reactivity and/or the physical properties of the molecule bearing it. Monomers that contain such functional groups are known as functional monomers. Thus CH2=CHX is a functional monomer where X is the functional group.


Single data center is difficult to meet current demands of data storage and computing resources, leading to data broadly stored in different data centers far from each other geographically. Cross-domain big data processing usually requires data from other data centers across different network. Since the network environment is extremely complex and large amount of data is required for computing, time spent in data transmission is unacceptable, resulting in slow scheduling. In this paper, we propose a cross-domain workflow scheduling system called Arana. By moving program close to data and integrating popular big data processing platform, this system enables user to complete computing with cross-domain data without transferring. Keywords-workflow; cross-domain; big data; close to data;


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the capability for increasing treatment‐planning throughput by utilizing Direct Machine Parameter Optimization (DMPO). Traditional inverse treatment planning consists of an optimization phase followed by a separate leaf‐sequencing phase. With DMPO based optimization, there is no leaf‐sequencing step. As such, the treatment planning time for each IMRT case can potentially be decreased and treatment‐planning throughput could be increased. Method and Materials: Ten patients (5 prostate and 5 head & neck) were randomly selected for a comparative treatment planning study. IMRTtreatment plans were created using the standard IMRT optimization algorithm with k‐mean clustering based leaf‐sequencing. A second treatment plan was created for each patient using the DMPO optimization algorithm. The only difference between the two plans for each patient was the optimization algorithm. For each case, the time required to optimize the plans, the number of segments required for step‐and‐shoot delivery, and total monitor units were recorded. Results: Both the DMPO and IMRT optimizations yielded similar dose distributions. The mean time to perform inverse planning and leaf sequencing for prostate patients was 8.00 minutes, verses 8.85 minutes for DMPO based optimization. In contrast, the efficiency of DMPO for Head & Neck cases is substantially different. The mean time to perform a DMPO optimization for Head & Neck cases was 12.05 minutes, as compared with 28.63 minutes for IMRT optimization. Conclusion: Over 16 minutes of treatment planning time can be saved per patient by utilizing the DMPO based optimization in Pinnacle for Head & Neck treatment planning. The time advantage can grow to hours saved per patient if multipe treatment plans are created, or if the planners agressively adjust the plan. Depending on the Head & Neck volumes treated, DMPO optimization can increase treatment planning effiency.


The guidance document provides an overview of a new research demonstration program designed to evaluate the use of innovative engineering and scientific technologies to reduce the volume and/or toxicity of wastes produced from the manufacture, processing, and use of materials. The 'WRITE Pilot Program With State and Local Governments' is a major component of a national pollution-prevention research program called the 'Waste Reduction Innovative Technology Evaluation' (WRITE) Program. The WRITE program is broad in technical scope and addresses the reduction of pollutants across all environmental media: air, land, surface water, and ground water. Under this pilot program, technical and economic evaluations of source reduction and recycling technologies are being conducted through the joint efforts of various State and local governments and the Environmental Protection Agency. Information obtained under this program will assist Federal, State, and Local Governments as well as small and mid-size industries in evaluating waste-reduction technologies by providing reliable performance and cost information on pollution-prevention technologies. The research will also serve to accomplish an early introduction of waste reduction techniques into broad commercial practice.


ABELSON, Miriam J. Men in Place: Trans Masculinity, Race, and Sexuality in America. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019. 272 pp. $25.00 paper. ALEXANDER, Jeffrey C., David A. PALMER, Sunwoong PARK, and Agnes Shuk-mei KU, eds. The Civil Sphere in East Asia. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2019. 304 pp. $99.99 cloth. ALMEIDA, Paul. Social Movements: The Structure of Collective Mobilization. Oakland: University of California Press, 2019. 224 pp. $34.61 paper. AMIN, Samir. Only People Make Their Own History: Writings on Capitalism, Imperialism, and Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2019. 246 pp. $21.00 paper. ARJOMAND, Saı̈d Amir. Revolution: Structure and Meaning in World History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2019. 394 pp. $55.00 cloth. ASCHER, Ivan. Portfolio Society: On the Capitalist Mode of Prediction. New York: Zone Books, 2016. 191 pp. $22.95 cloth. ATANASOSKI, Neda, and Kalindi VORA. Surrogate Humanity: Race, Robots, and the Politics of Technological Futures. Durham, NC: Duke University Press Books, 2019. 240 pp. $24.95 paper. BALDRIDGE, Bianca J. Reclaiming Community: Race and the Uncertain Future of Youth Work. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2019. 258 pp. $28.00 paper. BARGHEER, Stefan. Moral Entanglements: Conserving Birds in Britain and Germany. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2018. 326 pp. $35.00 paper. BECKETT, Greg. There Is No More Haiti: Between Life and Death in Port-au-Prince. Oakland: University of California Press, 2019. 295 pp. $29.95 cloth. BERGEMANN, Patrick. Judge Thy Neighbor: Denunciations in the Spanish Inquisition, Romanov Russia, and Nazi Germany. New York: Columbia University Press, 2019. 276 pp. $60.00 cloth. BERGESEN, Albert J., and Christian SUTER, eds. The Return of Geopolitics. Zürich, CHE: LIT Verlag, 2018. 184 pp. $31.30 paper. BIAGIOLI, Mario, and Vincent Antonin LÉPINAY, eds. From Russia with Code: Programming Migrations in Post-Soviet Times. Durham, NC: Duke University Press Books, 2019. 372 pp. $28.95 paper. BLAGDEN, David, and Mark de ROND, eds. Games: Conflict, Competition, and Cooperation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2019. 153 pp. $19.99 paper. BLAKE, Jonathan S. Contentious Rituals: Parading the Nation in Northern Ireland. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. 196 pp. $74.00 cloth. BOB, Clifford. Rights as Weapons: Instruments of Conflict, Tools of Power. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019. 261 pp. $29.95 cloth. BRAUN, Robert. Protectors of Pluralism: Religious Minorities and the Rescue of Jews in the Low Countries during the Holocaust. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2019. 278 pp. $29.99 paper. BRAUNSTEIN, Ruth. Prophets and Patriots: Faith in Democracy across the Political Divide. Oakland: University of California Press, 2017. 242 pp. $29.95 paper. BROWN, Candy Gunther. Debating Yoga and Mindfulness in Public Schools: Reforming Secular Education or Reestablishing Religion? Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019. 441 pp. $34.95 paper. CALDWELL, Beth C. Deported Americans: Life after Deportation to Mexico. Durham, NC: Duke University Press Books, 2019. 232 pp. $24.95 paper. CARNOY, Martin. Transforming Comparative Education: Fifty Years of Theory Building at Stanford. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2019. 262 pp. $28.00 paper. CATINO, Maurizio. Mafia Organizations: The Visible Hand of Criminal Enterprise. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2019. 346 pp. $29.99 paper. CHANCER, Lynn S. After the Rise and Stall of American Feminism: Taking Back a Revolution. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2019. 345 pp. $26.00 cloth. COLLINS, Harry. Forms of Life: The Method and Meaning of Sociology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2019. 186 pp. $34.21 paper. DETTERMAN, Robin, Jenny VENTURA, Lihi ROSENTHAL, and Ken BERRICK. Unconditional Education: Supporting Schools to Serve All Students. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. 212 pp. $35.00 paper. DOOB, Christopher B. Great Expectations. New York: Routledge, 2018. 306 pp. $49.95 paper. DUINA, Francesco, ed. States and Nations, Power and Civility: Hallsian Perspectives. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2019. 335 pp. $80.00 cloth. EISFELD, Rainer. Empowering Citizens, Engaging the Public: Political Science for the 21 Century. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019. 199 pp. $27.99 paper.


Abstract We present a study of the temperatue dependce of the spin dynamics in trans-polyacetylene using dynamic nuclear polarisation, nuclear relaxation and EPR measrements.


A transformation is introduced on the basis of the projective Riccati equations, and it is applied as an intermediate in expansion method to solve nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation and coupled NLS equations. Many kinds of envelope travelling wave solutions including envelope solitary wave solution are obtained, in which some are found for the first time.


Objective To appraise the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA) for ventricular ectopic beat originating in the right ouflow tract.Methods Fifty-two patients(28 male and 24 female) were selected to undergo RFCA for ventricular ectopic beat originating in the right outflow tract.Their mean age was 45.1 years(15~67) with the mean course of 6.8 years(3~14).All of them were highly symptomatic,refractory to several antiarrhythmic agents and without evidences of structural heart disease.All ventricular ectopic beat had figure of left bundle branch block with tall R waves in leads Ⅱ,Ⅲ and AVF.The site of origin was determined by pace Mepping.Results The immediate success rate was 94%(49/52).Before and after ablation Holter monitoring found that ventricular ectopic beats were 11250~37460 beats/24h and 0~1120 beats/24h,respectively(P0.001).During the follow-up period of 2~32 months,no patient had recurrences.Conclusions RFCA used in treating refractory ventricular ectopic beat at right outflow tract is safe and reliable.


Justification of Research Leaf removal in the fruit zone is a common vineyard management practice used to increase air flow in the canopy and reduce shading of the fi·uit ( 4). Increased air flow through the vine canopy can reduce disease pressure ( 4,8). Shade has been associated with decreased soluble solids (brix), titratable acidity, anthocyanins, and phenolic compounds in the fruit at harvest (8). Shaded fruit tends to have higher pH and malic acid (3,8). Increased sun exposure to the fruit can lead to higher temperatures which encourage malic acid respiration (3,8). Increased light interception in the fruit zone has been shown to increase concentrations of phenolic compounds at harvest (1,4,7,8).


The waste management sector significantly contributes to emissions of ambient air pollutants and greenhouse gases, especially in sanitary landfills. In this regard, Taiwan is moving toward a circular economy society via resource recycling and waste-to-power (WTP) in the waste management. In the past decade, the recycling rate of general waste (including recyclable waste, kitchen waste, and bulk waste) increased from 40.97% in 2008 to 60.22% in 2017. On the other hand, 24 large-scale waste incineration plants gained about 2.5 TW-h of net electricity generation, based on 6.25 million metric tons of waste incinerated in 2017. The objectives of this paper are to update the status of waste generation and its WTP in Taiwan. Based on these updated data, the preliminary benefit analysis of WTP showed annual benefits of equivalent electricity charge of around $US 3.3 × 108 (using the feed-in-tariff rate 3.8945 NTD$/kW-h; 1 $US ≈ 30 NTD$) and equivalent CO2 mitigation of about 1.4 million metric tons (using the electricity emissions factor 0.55 kg CO2 equivalent/kW-h). In order to gain environmental, energy, and economic benefits, the regulatory and technological measures for promoting WTP are briefly summarized to create another low-carbon society in Taiwan.


The purpose of this research project is to estimate energy savings by using more efficient and alternative electric energy technologies in Tourist SMEs in Canton Junin. It is a quantitative and qualitative research, as well as exploratory because it is the first investigation of its kind that is carried out in the object of practical study. In order to fulfill the objectives, four stages were worked on: Analysis of the consumption of electrical energy in tourist SMEs, identification of more efficient technologies and alternatives of electrical energy in relation to those currently employed, estimation of the saving of electrical energy by the implementation of technologies more efficient or alternative and design of an energy saving action plan using more efficient and alternative electric energy technologies. Among the techniques and tools used were field research, analysis and synthesis of information, observation, bibliographic analysis and use of Microsoft Excel and STATGRAPHICS Centurion. Among the main results are: an analysis of the consumption of electricity with an increasing trend in 14 of the 17 tourist SMEs studied; a seasonal behavior of electric power consumption for nine of the SMEs studied, with the month with the lowest demand for electric power consumption in December, and the highest demand consumption without a frequency of occurrence concentrated in a specific month; an inventory of a representative sample of three tourist SMEs of the Junin canton in which savings opportunities were evidenced mainly in the areas of lighting, household appliances and air conditioning; the estimation of the consumption of electric energy by implantation of more efficient and alternative technologies of the tourist SMEs considered in the sample, determining that the estimated saving by substitution to alternative technology (solar) is superior to the estimated saving of electrical energy with substitution by more technologies Efficient in the three SMEs studied.