The renewable energy resources from organic solid waste have increased day by day in Dhaka city as well as the whole country with the increasing of populations. This research evaluates and estimates the biogas productions from the municipal solid waste (MSW) through anaerobic digestion processes. Both the Biogas productions and power generation from MSW can play and important roles in this study. By using of the biogas has estimated the potentiality to generate electricity as 207.288, 873.034 and 2878.134 MW/day, in years 2020, 2025 and 2050 respectively, which is the most important component to our city Dhaka and good utilization for different business prospect.


3,956,431 5/1976 Honig et al. ......................... 260/971 4,028,330 6/1977 King ................ ... 260/45.7 P 4,035,442 7/1977 Dunworth ........................... 260/860 An aromatic copolyester composition comprising (A) an aromatic copolyester derived from terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and a bisphenol and (B) a phosphorus containing compound represented by the general for mula (II)


Offering a system to facilitate differential diagnosis, this quick reference pairs photographs of nearly 200 lesions that are clinically similar, but diagnostically distinct. It allows the clinician to classify lesions according to a primary symptom, with progression toward the correct diagnosis.


The nanofibers made by electrostatic spinning technology have the advantages of high specific surface area and porous structure.Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) was placed on bare platinum electrode surface by electrospinning.The modified electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods.The experiment results show that polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers membrane presents the ideal porous mesh structure,greatly increasing the effective surface area of the electrode;compared to bare platinum electrodes,the response current of polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers membrane modified electrode to hydrogen peroxide in phosphate buffer solution(pH = 7.4)increases significantly;the reduction currents have a good linear relationship with concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in the range of 7.8 μmol/L-2 900 μmol/L.Its detection limit reaches 1.1 μmol/L.The polyvinyl alcohol modified electrodes can be used as the electrochemical sensor in the detection of low concentration of hydrogen peroxide.


This paper describes a kind of embedding method for studying mixed plate and its analysis. The method solved winding question about fixed plate which is acted by random forces.


Due to the difficulty in describing the nonlinear characteristic of Francis turbine and the complex simulation of the Francis turbine governing system (FTGS), this paper takes advantage of the powerful nonlinear approximate ability of the feed forward neural network to put up the Francis turbine neural network model (FTNNM). The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used to train the FTNNM which describes the flow characteristic and the efficiency characteristic. The convergence speed of the offline training is fast and the accuracy of the model is high. The nonlinear model FTNNM and other models consist the nonlinear simulation system under the environment of the SIMULINK of MATLAB. The nonlinear simulation under different operating situations can be implemented in the system. The variability of the different inner parameters of the system and the Francis turbine can be attained quickly and truly. It provides a good base for the research of control policy of the Francis turbine governing system (FTGS).


Recently, many studies were conducted on value-based pig marketing and were aimed at reducing sort loss by the packer's grid. One of the often-suggested solutions to reduce sort loss was to weigh each pig before marketing. Because weighing pigs by hand is practically too expensive, the solution is not feasible for most producers. Recently, however, the idea of weighing pigs before marketing has become possible because of an innovation to grow-finish barns, which is the Automatic Sorting Technology (AST). The primary improvement of AST barns is to equip the barns with one or more electronic scales, which can automatically weigh, record, and sort the weights of the animals when pigs pass through the scales to access food or water. The only labor input is to set a threshold weight in the scale; therefore, the cost is almost zero to perform the task of sorting pigs before marketing. In addition, the recorded weight gives the producer precise information on the growth performance of the group as a whole, which helps producers to make the correct decisions regarding the time to market the animals. Hence, accurate sorting and marketing timing can be realized by the AST barns, and with AST sorting, sort loss received from pigs outside the desired weight ranges supposedly would be reduced compared with traditional hand sorting. One of the goals of this research is to investigate the potential saving of sort loss through accurate sorting by the AST barn.


Choosing 3 kinds of bamboo samples incluing Dendrocalamus sinicus,Bambusa gibba,and Pleioblastus chino in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,this paper determined on the amount of sulfur of the different parts of the bamboos for 4 seasons.Meanwhile,the same bamboos in Fuzhou Forest Park were took as the samples.Statistical analysis showed that the content of sulfur of leaves was highest,and the sulfur content between different bamboos was significantly different,the sulfur content in different seasons had obvious changed even if in the same bamboo,it manifested that the content in autumn was the greatest than other seasons,and had a decrease of 54.88% on average.Bamboo had a strong absorption capacity for the sulfur,which leaf sulfur content was higher than the highest GB value 2.0 g.kg-1,and it could be widely planted in the sulfur dioxide pollution area.


Na-doped CuInS2 (Na-CIS2) thin films were fabricated by a non-vacuum ink process. The copper (Cu), indium (In) and sulfur (S) precursors were first synthesized by a sonochemical colloidal route, which is simpler and cheaper than the other preparation methods. The CuInS2 (CIS2) thin film absorber layers were then formed via spray-coating method using ink precursors consisting of Cu, In and S components. Finally, sodium (Na) was doped onto the CIS2 thin film by wet solution methods. The Na doping condition and the Cu to In ratio were found to play important roles in controlling the structural and optoelectronic properties of the absorber layer.


This article introduces modifications that have been applied to GeLog, a genetic logic programming framework, in order to improve its performance. The main emphasis of this work is the structure processing of genetic algorithms. As studies have shown, the linkage of genes plays an important role in the performance of genetic algorithms. Thus, different approaches that take linkage learning into account have been reviewed and the most promising has been implemented and tested with GeLog. It is demonstrated that the modified program solves problems that proved hard for the original system.


At a number of major enterprises of the CIS (the Prod. Assn. Navoiazot, Novgorod Prod. Assn. Azot, Severodonetsk Prod. Assn. Azot, etc), the production of acetylene and products obtained therefrom is well organized. These enterprises are characterized by the formation of gaseous and liquid residues containing valuable components (acetylene and its homologues, vinyl chloride, crotonic aldehyde, acetylene soot, etc). However, these residues meanwhile have the rank of wastes - they are either burned in flares or are directed for biological and chemical treatment. The development of a technology for separating, processing, and obtaining valuable products on the basis of these residues is a very urgent task. With this aim, at the Prod. Assn. Navoiazot, they conducted investigations in the following directions: (1) the separation of acetylene and vinyl chloride from the gas discharge of the production of acrylonitrile; (2) the separation, drying and processing of the acetylene soot formed in the production of acetylene; (3) the processing of crotonic aldehyde - a residue of the production of acetaldehyde. This article reports


PURPOSE
The improved soft tissue contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to computed tomography (CT) makes it a useful imaging modality for radiotherapy treatment planning. Even when MR images are acquired for treatment planning, the standard clinical practice currently also requires a CT for dose calculation and x-ray based patient positioning. This increases workloads, introduces uncertainty due to the required inter-modality image registrations, and involves unnecessary irradiation. While it would be beneficial to use exclusively MR images, a method needs to be employed to estimate a synthetic CT (sCT) for generating electron density maps and patient positioning reference images. We investigated 2D and 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to generate a male pelvic sCT using a T1-weighted MR image and compare their performance.

METHODS
A retrospective study was performed using CTs and T1-weighted MR images of 20 prostate cancer patients. CTs were deformably registered to MR images to create CT-MR pairs for training networks. The proposed 2D CNN, which contained 27 convolutional layers, was modified from Han's 2D CNN to save computational memory and prepare for building the 3D model1 . The proposed 2D and 3D models were trained from scratch to map intensities of T1-weighted MR images to CT Hounsfield Unit (HU) values. Each sCT was generated in a five-fold cross-validation framework and compared with the corresponding deformed CT (dCT) using voxel-wise mean absolute error (MAE). The sCT geometric accuracy was evaluated by comparing bone regions, defined by thresholding at 150 HU in the dCTs and the sCTs, using dice similarity coefficient (DSC), recall, and precision. To evaluate sCT patient positioning accuracy, bone regions in dCTs and sCTs were rigidly registered to the corresponding cone-beam CTs. The resulting paired Euler transformation vectors were compared by calculating translation vector distances and absolute differences of Euler angles. Statistical tests were performed to evaluate the differences among the proposed models and Han's model.

RESULTS
Generating a pelvic sCT required approximately 5.5 s using the proposed models. The average MAEs within the body contour were 40.5±5.4 HU (mean ± SD) and 37.6±5.1 HU for the 2D and 3D CNNs, respectively. The average DSC, recall, and precision for the bone region (thresholding the CT at 150 HU) were 0.81±0.04, 0.85±0.04, and 0.77±0.09 for the 2D CNN, and 0.82±0.04, 0.84±0.04, and 0.80±0.08 for the 3D CNN, respectively. For both models, mean translation vector distances are less than 0.6 mm with mean absolute differences of Euler angles less than 0.5°.

CONCLUSIONS
The 2D and 3D CNNs generated accurate pelvic sCTs for the 20 patients using T1-weighted MR images. Statistical tests indicated that the proposed 3D model was able to generate sCTs with smaller MAE and higher bone region precision compared to Han's and the proposed 2D models. Results of patient alignment tests suggested sCTs generated by the proposed CNNs can provide accurate patient positioning. The accuracy of the dose calculation using generated sCTs will be tested and compared for the proposed models in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


This paper proposes a novel denoising method based on non-local(NL) means. The NL-means algorithm is effective for removing an additive Gaussian noise, but the denoising parameter should be controlled depending on the noise level for proper noise elimination. Therefore, the proposed method optimizes the denoising parameter according to the noise levels. The proposed method consists of two processes: off-line and on-line. In the off-line process, the relations between the noise level and the denoising parameter of the NL-means filter are analyzed. For a given noise level, the various denoising parameters are applied to the NL-means algorithm, and then the qualities of resulting images are quantified using a structural similarity index(SSIM). The parameter with the highest SSIM is chosen as the optimal denoising parameter for the given noise level. In the on-line process, we estimate the noise level for a given noisy image and select the optimal denoising parameter according to the estimated noise level. Finally, NL-means filtering is performed using the selected denoising parameter. As shown in the experimental results, the proposed method accurately estimated the noise level and effectively eliminated noise for various noise levels. The accuracy of noise estimation is 90.0% and the highest Peak Signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR), SSIM value.


Biomimetic and bioinspired optimal structures combining bioresorbable, bioactive and other advanced properties are expected for the next generation of biomaterials (Bruck et al., 2002, Hench et al., 2002, Akaike et al., 2005). Inspired by nature, to reveal the relationship between structure and functionality of biological materials has been emphasized in the biomaterials research field. In nature, gradient biological structures exist most commonly, such as the structure of bamboo (Amada et al., 1997), shells, teeth, bones, tendon and extracellular matrix (ECM) (Suresh et al., 2001). Man-made functionally gradient materials (FGMs) have been developed for combining irreconcilable properties within a single material and have been widely incorporated in metal/ceramic and organic/inorganic material fields for increasing the structural complexity and combining different functionality (Suganuma et al., 1983, Ishikawa et al., 2002, Czubarow et al., 1997). FGMs are spatial composites within which the composition or structure and thus the functions of the materials continuously or step-wisely vary along the specific coordinates. Examples of the structural change include those in crystal structure and orientation, porosity, particle size and so on.


Carbon‐ion radiotherapy (C‐ion RT) is effective for head and neck mucosal melanoma (HN‐MM), including radioresistant mucosal melanoma. Melanoma also responds effectively to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Data on the efficacy and safety of ICIs for HN‐MM are insufficient.


This invention pertains to improved shrinkage compensating portland cement concrete and mortar compositions comprising essentially an expansive portland cement, mineral aggregate, from about 5 to about 25 percent based on cement weight of a styrene-butadiene-1,3 copolymer having a styrene to butadiene weight ratio of about 30:70 to 70:30, water and certain minor amounts of nonionic and anionic surfactants, and a foam depressant. When properly restrained by either external restraints or internal restraints in the form of ordinary reinforcement or fibers of various lengths, these compositions possess improved mechanical and physical properties such as compressive and flexural strengths and unexpectedly enhanced freeze-thaw resistance. Such compositions are particularly suited for use in the construction of crack-free structures.


I first met Afra Kavanagh in 1997 at the first storytellers symposium held in Cape Breton, sponsored in part by the University of Cape Breton. She is committed to sharing how the "power of story" shapes and influences lives.


Recently, there is an interest to increase capacity of multicarrier code division multiplexing (MC-CDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) by using spreading codes. Some spreading codes only support up to K = N+M, where M \le N. In this paper, we propose a new spreading code with low cross correlation and high autocorrelation while capable of supporting K = 2N+1 users. It means that 2N+1 users or data symbols are able to be transmitted over only N subcarriers. The numerical results show that our proposed code outperforms current Pseudo- Orthogonal Carrier Interferometry (POCI) code with gain of 3dB in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and more than 4dB in multipath fading channel at bit-error-rate (BER) level of 10-5. By the proposed code, peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem as a typical problem in multicarrier system is also able to be reduced up to the PAPR level of single carrier system (with roll-of-factor=0.10).


We consider a novel quantum field-theoretical approach to the description of processes passing at finite space-time intervals based on the Feynman diagram technique in the coordinate representation. The most known processes of this type are neutrino and neutral kaon oscillations. The experimental setting of these processes requires one to adjust the rules of passing to the momentum representation in the Feynman diagram technique in accordance with it, which leads to a modification of the Feynman propagator in the momentum representation. The approach does not make use of wave packets, both initial and final particle states are described by plane waves, which simplifies the calculations considerably. We consider neutrino oscillation processes, where the neutrinos are produced in three-particle weak decays of nuclei and detected in the charged-current interaction with nuclei or in the charged- and neutral-current interactions with electrons. Particular examples are considered and it is shown that the momentum spread of the produced neutrinos and the energy dependence of the differential cross section of the detection process result in the suppression of neutrino oscillation, which is characterized by a coherence length specific for a pair of production and detection processes. This coherence length turns out to be much less than the coherence length in the standard quantum-mechanical approach defined by the quantum uncertainty of neutrino momentum.


Long and everlasting dreams of human history were to build up an Ideal Society like Utopia pictured by Thomas More (1406-1534). The City of God issued by Augustine (354-430) in Europeand Greater Community World (Daedongseke) recommended by Yulkok (Yi Ee) in the Yi Dynasty were other expressions of the ideal society. The City of God was the society led by good selected Christians ruled by God which had been the mission of the Middle age and succeeded to non-governmental organizations like the Charity Organization Society as well as the Settlement House Movement in 1980s. Today, the terminology of a Welfare Society has come from social services and was originated by the NGO movement toward the welfare community. On the other hand, the dream of an ideal society in Korea was expressed in the concrete by Yulkok as the Greater Community World (Daedongseke) in which the state is to be responsible for the poor and the weak, provide job opportunities for the young people, and protect the children. A welfare community comes from a welfare society, as well as the Greater Community World. '2006 International Future Education Forum' held in Queensland, Australiain April predicted globalization, open sources, networking, and brands as characters of the future society. In the future society we predict an evolution from laboring to governing. Korea's economy will be one of the top three nations by 2025, and the educational environment will be changed and life-long or continuing education will be expanded. Educational Welfare Preferential Interest Community Project and Life-long Learning City Project by the Ministry of Education: Educational Welfare Preferential Interest Community Project was started from March, 2006 to extend general education, culture, and welfare services for children and youths in need. 79 schools in 15 communities of the project will be expanded to 100 communities in 2008. Life-long Learning City Project aimed to the community as a whole learning unit was set in 1999 and has been extended to 19 communities in 2006. Residents Life Support Services of the Ministry of Administration Self-government: In order to offer one-stop integrated services to the residents, the Ministry of Administration Self-government designated 46 cities/counties/districts of Residents Life Support Services, and Dong offices will change their programs to a one-stop integrated service. After-school Youth Academy Program of National Youth Committee: After-school Youth Academy Program of National Youth Committee for the 4th grade of primary school students up to the 2nd grade of middle school students in need has a total of 12 types of service. In 2005, 46 projects and in 2006, 150 projects were on a national scale, but in 2009, a total of 730 projects would be run. Community Child Center of the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs: Study and learning rooms for the children from poor families of the community was started by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs and called the Community Child Center program. In 2005, total of 30,586 children and youth (24,774 primary school students, 4,016 middle school students and 796 high school students) from 1,176 communities benefited from the programs. The Day Care Center of the Ministry of Women and Family: A total of 20,000 children under the age of 12 years in 239 were cared for by after school day care centers. 1,188 integrated day care centers in 2005 benefited by the project. To guarantee a basic life for the people and to aim for a welfare society over a welfare state; a welfare community would be the right way. Such a community would be the interest of all the community people, and would invite their voluntary participation, and professional and systematic education. As the strategies and tasks of the welfare community, we see ideal models like Head Start under the slogan of "Good starts, grow smart" from 1964 in USA, Sure Start under the slogan of "Fair start for all the children, will to work to the parents, and stability to the community" from 1999 in UK, Fair Start under the slogan of "the years before five last the rest of their lives" from 1996 in Canada, and We Start composed of welfare and education from 2004 in Korea. To solve social problems and to meet social needs, we understand net work systems have changed so far from the Social Security Safety Net and the Social Welfare Safety Net, to the Human Security Safety Net. A welfare community is very close to the human security safety net which includes all public and private organizations, systems, and movable sources of the community toward a total welfare of the community residents.


An important factor for the life quality in urban centres is related to the noise levels to which the population is submitted. Several factors interfere with the amount of noise pollution throughout the city. Among them, and as one of the most important, is the traffic noise. A major challenge is the quantification of the noise effects on the population. Not only high levels must be assessed but also the amount of people exposed to them is of great importance. This task is far from obvious since the sound propagation is affected by many environmental characteristics distinct in nature. The topology of the buildings and the topography may create quiet zones even in crowded neighbourhoods. Traffic may statistically vary. The population exposed might be resident but also fluctuate, not to mention the subjective nature of the sound perception itself. In order to aid the urban planner cope with these difficulties, this chapter will comprehensively presents alternatives ranging from numerical simulation, called noise mapping, to measurement based noise monitoring. Noise mapping techniques together with standards for the calculation of noise propagation are powerful tools to aid urban planners in correctly applying noise abatement measures in an economically feasible way. Nevertheless the results of such mappings rely on a great amount of data, location and strength of noise sources, ground geometry, location and geometry of buildings, etc. This work also discusses the sensitivity of the obtained simulated noise levels to the quality and precision of the geometric data available. Actual measurements are however needed not only to verify the model assumed for the simulation but also for the noise pollution assessment itself. This can be achieved through local measurements of short duration or through long term monitoring in fixed places. The measurement techniques and procedures are addressed together with the creation of databases to help the decision making process of the urban planner


Loss and degradation of fish and wildlife habitat is a long-standing issue in the Detroit River. The Detroit River Remedial Action Plan helped agencies and stakeholder groups reach agreement on impaired beneficial uses, including loss of fish and wildlife habitat, and helped mobilize all stakeholders to rehabilitate habitat. Many organizations played key roles, including the Detroit River Public Advisory Council, Detroit River Canadian Cleanup, State of the Strait Conferences, American and Canadian Heritage River Initiatives, Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge, and Western Lake Erie Watersheds Priority Natural Area. Accomplishments include: 14 habitat restoration projects on both the Canadian and U.S. side of the Detroit River; 53 soft shoreline engineering projects in the watershed; nine fish spawning reefs in the river, Common Tern habitat in four locations; and many wetland and green infrastructure projects. Based on Detroit River habitat restoration efforts over the last 32 years, the following advice is offered: reach agreement on severity and geographic extent of the problem; practice adaptive management; involve habitat experts up front in project design; establish quantitative targets for project success; ensure sound multidisciplinary technical support; start with demonstration projects; treat habitat projects as experiments; involve citizen scientists in monitoring; measure benefits; communicate and celebrate successes; promote education and outreach.


3 Nation Branding Campaign: Kosovo the Young Europeans 5 Research Methodology &Thesis Topic 12 The internal effect of the Kosovo The Young Europeans 13


Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems typically face an uncertainty regarding the best utterance to communicate to a user in a given context given that the effect of a single utterance depends crucially on the interplay between its physical environment, pragmatic circumstances, addressee and interaction history. NLG system designers have traditionally used a pipeline architecture to divide the generation process into the distinct stages of content selection, utterance planning and surface realisation to choose the semantics, organisation and realisation of an utterance. Unfortunately, this sequential model does not account for the interdependencies that exist among these stages, which in practice has been manifest in inefficient instruction giving and an increased cognitive load for the user. This thesis will advocate a joint optimisation framework for situated NLG that is based on Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning combined with graphical models and will learn the best utterance for a given context by optimising its behaviour through a trial and error search. The joint model considers decisions at different NLG stages in interdependence with each other and thereby produces more contextsensitive utterances than is possible when considering decisions in isolation. To enhance the human-likeness of the model, two augmentations will be made. We will introduce the notion of a Hierarchical Information State to support the systematic pre-specification of prior knowledge and human preferences for content selection. Graphical models—Hidden Markov Models and Bayesian Networks—will then be integrated as generation spaces to encourage natural surface realisation by balancing the proportion of alignment and variation. iv Results from a human evaluation study show that the hierarchical learning agent learns a robust generation policy that adapts to new circumstances and users flexibly leading to smooth and successful interactions. In terms of the comparison between a joint and an isolated optimisation, results indicate that a jointly optimised system achieves higher user satisfaction and task success and is better perceived by human users than its isolated counterpart. To demonstrate the domain-independence and generalisabilty of the hierarchical joint optimisation framework, an additional study will be presented that transfers the model to a new, but related, domain: the generation of route instructions in a real navigation scenario using a situated dialogue system for indoor navigation. Results confirm that the NLG policy can be applied to new domains with limited effort and contribute to high task success and user satisfaction.


Accurate steering vector estimation is the key point for a beamformer which suppresses the background noise to improve the noisy speech quality and intelligibility. Recently, time-frequency masking approach, which estimates the steering vectors that are utilized for a beamformer, is popular in this field. In particular, we have proposed an iterative mask estimation (IME) approach to improve the complex Gaussian mixture model (CGMM) based beamforming and yield the best system for multi-channel ASR in CHiME-4 challenge [1]. And in [2], we also demonstrated that our algorithm could improve the speech quality (PESQ) and intelligibility (STOI) for multi-channel speech enhancement. In this study, we focus on the online processing of our IME algorithm for multi-channel speech enhancement and ASR, which achieves comparable performance to the offline version. In addition, a regression long short-term memory recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN) for a multiple-target joint learning is utilized, denoted as LSTM-MT, to replace two separate models in [2]. Experiments on the CHiME-4 simulation data show that the online IME algorithm can improve the enhancement performance, e.g., PESQ from 2.18 to 2.58 and STOI from 86.85 to 94.51, which is comparable to those obtained by offline IME. Furthermore, the LSTM-MT based post-processing can achieve an additional PESQ improvement from 2.58 to 2.71. And experiments on the CHiME-4 real data show that the online IME approach outperforms the online CGMM-based approach, with a relative word error reduction (WER) of 14.49%.


Stability problem of a liquid, situated on the inner surface of a cylinder, which rotates about its axis with a constant angular velocity, is considered. The flow is assumed to be non-isothermal, and thermocapillary instability is investigated. The temperature at the free boundary satisfies the condition of the third kind with a given Biot number. It is supposed that the free boundary is undeformable. The exact solution of Navier-Stokes and heat conduction equations is obtained. Neutral disturbances of this solution are considered, where Marangoni number is taken as the spectral number. Asymptotics of critical values of Marangoni number for long and short waves are found analytically. Neutral curves are constructed numerically for various values of independent dimensionless parameters. The dependences of critical Marangoni number on Reynolds number, Biot number and the aspect ratio are investigated.


This research was conducted in the province of Huaura, Lima-Peru in 2009-2010 to determine the quality of milk through Somatic Cell Count (SCC) in milk tanks of three dairy herds and four small farmer associations in two seasons of the year, and to assess subclinical mastitis by the California Mastitis Test (CMT) in 32 farms (2100 cows), considering parity, herd size and lactation phase. No statistical difference was found


The eye movement is an important source of information for the reading analysis. We propose a method for computing a similarity measure between two fixation sequences. In order to estimate the effectiveness of the similarity measure, we investigate whether a high similarity is obtained when two subjects read the same document. A F1score of 0.92 is obtained for retrieving the same document based on the reading similarity.


The discussion on the fundamental theory of administrative law began in the 1990s and brought about the changes of the study mode of administrative law in China. In order to push the study of this subject further forward, we should possess essential common understanding of the theory, advocate sincere academic exchange and strengthen the study of the substantial evidence foundation. The theory of government constitutionality, as one branch of the theoretical foundation of administrative law, has rich contents, internal argument foundation and external substantial evidence foundation.


Urinary incontinence is a significant health care problem affecting women and men of all races and cultures. Existing literature provides a limited evidence base with which to influence UI practice. More research is needed to fully understand the influences of gender, race, culture, or ethnicity on the patient's experience of UI and its management. The matter is particularly relevant for nurses who want to understand and help people cope with the adverse physical and psychosocial consequences of this chronic, socially isolating, and potentially devastating disorder.


We study oscillation properties of 2n-order Sturm-Liouville difference equations. For these equations, we show a conjugacy criterion using the p-criticality (the existence of linear dependent recessive solutions at ∞ and -∞). We also show the equivalent condition of p-criticality for one term 2n-order equations.


Purpose. To test the theoretical provisions for calculating the geometric and gas-dynamic parameters of a hydropulse apparatus for strikers using core pipes. Methodology. The research methodology is based on the tests carried out. The tests were conducted between January 6, 2021, and April 28, 2021. The type of test is laboratory bench trials. In the course of the study, methods of synthesis and analysis of information were applied. Finding. The basic design parameters of a hydro-pulse generator capable of operating efficiently with impact machines were obtained during the bench research. The optimal scheme of air flow distribution at the exhaust of the hydraulic hammer has been established. The optimal value of the pressure drop in the operating and blocking modes of operation of the generator is determined. In addition, the optimal value of the ejection coefficient in these two modes of operation of the generator was determined. Originality. The article investigated the technologies of drilling hard rocks in order to optimise the basic geometric parameters of the hydraulic pulse generator, to distribute the working flow in front of the jet blower, to measure the value of the ejection coefficient and pressure drop to clarify the composition and methodology of experiments in borehole conditions. Practical value. The presented study can be used to optimise the drilling technology as well as a basis for training specialists in the field of hard rock drilling using hydraulic percussion technology.


The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia has joined the growing number of courts holding that insurers must reimburse policy-holders for costs incurred in cleaning up Superfund sites. In an opinion written by Judge A. Raymond Randolph, the three-judge court holds that liability for environmental cleanup costs quite naturally fits the common and ordinary understanding of "damages" covered by comprehensive general liability policies. The case involves Independent Petrochemical Corp., which in 1971 agreed to help its customer, Northern Pharmaceutical & Chemical Co. (NEPACCO), dispose of dioxin-contaminated waste. Independent hired a private contractor, Russell M. Bliss, to get rid of 20,000 gal of waste. The waste, mixed with oil, ended up sprayed over various sites in eastern Missouri. This in turn led to the federal buyout of the whole town of Times Beach, and spending of millions of dollars by the federal government and the state of Missouri to clean up the mess. ...


The comparative experiment of sugarcane cold-resistance variety was carried out.The results showed that Liucheng 03/182 produced cane yield of 96.45 tons per hm2 and sugar yield of 15 526.35 kg per hm2.Compared to the control ROC16,cane yield and sugar yield of Liucheng 03/182 obviously increased by 6.63%,25.94%.Liucheng 03/182 had good comprehensive characters with agronomic and economic traits.


A case of oligodendroglioma with signet‐ring cell (SRC) morphology arising in the right thalamic region in a 12‐year‐old boy Is described. Histopathologlcally, the tumor was a composite neoplasm consisting of typical oligodendroglioma and anaplastlc components with aggregates of SRC. Immunohlstochemlcally the SRC were negative for glial flbrlllary acidic protein (GFAP) but surrounded by GFAP‐posltlve anaplastlc cells with high‐grade nuclear features. Typical ollgodendrogllomatous components were negative for GFAP. The Ki‐67 labeling index evaluated with MIB‐1 antibody was 1.3% in the SRC component, 9.2% in the GFAP‐posltlve anaplastlc cell component, and 0.8% in the typical ollgodendrogllomatous component. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm of the SRC was filled with Irregularly and widely dilated clsternae of rough endoplasmic retlculum containing granular material. Intermediate filaments and a small number of other organelles were distributed in the pertnuctear and peripheral areas. Both the SRC and anaplastlc cells had slender cytoplasmic processes, although those of the SRC were short and few in number. These findings are distinct from those of SRC hitherto described in oligodendrogliomas to date, and suggest that there is a morphological heterogeneity in SRC rarely seen in oligodendrogliomas and that some examples of SRC are related to the anaplastic cells with astrocytic features in their origin.


The invention discloses a nut insertion machine, which comprises an insertion machine tank and a nose. The tank is provided with a triaxial coordinate type manipulator; and the nose is arranged on Z-axis. The nose is provided with an insertion device, a feeding device and a high temperature resistant feeding pipe. The feeding pipe threads through the insertion device. Nuts to be used are accommodated inside the feeding pipe. The feeding device can push the nuts into the insertion device. Racks are arranged on both sides of a feeding insertion rack board; the nuts connect the racks to Z-axis after the nuts pass the racks. The invention can be used immediately after the invention is taken without preheating, and can improve the productive capacity. Manual work for putting nuts is not required; accurate processing parameters can be got; the pull and the torque force are high; the machine is replaced, produces and is adjusted conveniently; the line of production is changed conveniently at high efficiency. The change of the thermal coefficient of expansion of the metallic material of the integrated nose relative to the nose width at the high temperatures of 250 DEG C to 350 DEG C can be solved.


Heterocyclic derivatives of naphthoquinones were synthesized via their 2-bromo-2,3-dehydro-intermediates. This new route may lead to the formation of benzo[a]phenothiazin-5-ones, benzo[f]quinoxalin-6-ones as well as their 1,4 (or 7,10) dihydroxy-derivatives in high yields. The possible mechanisms involved in the formation of these compounds are discussed.


The study examines the incidence of abusive events at work and compares the self-rated health (SRH) assessments of young workers according to whether they have been victims or not. Subjects and materials were extracted from a data set covering the environmental and health conditions of the population of the Ostergotland region in Sweden. The focus was on people in paid employment aged 20–34 years. It appears that threats or acts of violence are more common than are bullying or sexual harassment among young working people, in particular among women. Further, when working conditions are relatively precarious, both men and women are comparably exposed to threat and violence but when conditions are more stable, women are proportionally more exposed than men. Furthermore, the study shows that, although less common than threat and violence are, exposure to bullying is associated with several SRH disorders among both men and women in employment.


A semiconductor wafer and a manufacturing method for a semiconductor device are provided, which prevent peeling-off of films and pattern skipping in a wafer edge portion. A silicone substrate (101) has formed thereon gate structures (400) in active regions isolated by a trench isolation film (500); a contact interlayer film (103); and a multilayer interconnection structure formed by alternate laminations of low-k via interlayer films (103), i.e., V layers, and low-k interconnect interlayer films, i.e., M layers. In a Fine layer ranging from first to fifth interlayer films (113, 153), the M layers are removed from the wafer edge portion, but the V layers are not removed therefrom. Further, the contact interlayer film (103) is not removed from the wafer edge portion.


in a series of comparative studies, how the spiritual and the ethical dimensions relate to one another. Some of these articles imply that 'spirituality' is more to do with belonging, and with relationships, than with any sense of moral obligation. But without such a sense, as Rowan Williams has pointed out, 'spirituality', for all its inclusiveness, is not robust enough to help us build a better world as well as to seek meaning and value in the world as it is.


The present invention relates to the use of tocotrienols for the treatment and prevention of bone diseases, the present invention particularly relates to include individual tocotrienols, tocotrienol mixtures, and one or more other bones tocotrienol a mixture of the composition of matter. Compositions and methods of the present invention are particularly useful in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and other bone degeneration, such as Paget's abscess (recurrent abscesses) and Gaucher disease (familial temperament anemia).


An alarming increase in drug shortages in recent years presents a crisis affecting medical facilities across the nation, compromising patient care in a wide variety of serious illnesses. Many of the medications affected by these shortages are critical products, including oncology drugs, anesthetics, and antimicrobials.1 Over ninety-three percent of drugs shortages during 2010 and 20112 were classified as "medically-necessary" drugs required "to treat or prevent a serious disease or medical condition for which there is no other adequately available drug product" to act as an appropriate substitute.3 The frequency of drug shortages has steadily increased since 2005, nearly tripling over the span of five years.4 The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) defines a drug shortage as "a situation in which the total supply of all clinically interchangeable versions of an FDA-regulated drug is inadequate to


Glaciers, ice caps and ice sheets constitute a large reservoir in the global hydrological cycle and provide a coupling between climate and sea-level. Observations of glacial change is important for constraining their contribution to sea-level fluctuations and to better understand the interactions between glaciers and climate. This thesis focuses on glacier observations through measurements of elevation change. The research in this thesis is oriented towards the methodological detection of elevation changes using remote sensing techniques. The quality of glacier elevation change measurements is dependent on controlling the potential errors and biases within the data. Therefore, one aspect is focused on a universal co-registration method for elevation products and further identification and correction of biases that remain, specifically in satellite stereo products. For glaciological studies, elevation changes require conversion into volume and mass changes. This is sometimes complicated when the data available is not spatially continuous and/or temporally consistent. Therefore, another aspect of this thesis explores methods for estimating regional glacier volume change. Specifically, Svalbard glacial contribution to sea-level has been estimated using regionalization techniques from scattered elevation measurements over roughly two time epochs. We observed that Svalbard glaciers over the past few decades have had a negative mass balance, contributing approximately 0.026 mm per year to the oceans. During the past few years, the sea-level contribution from Svalbard glaciers decreased slightly to 0.013 mm per year. Interpretations of elevation changes are convoluted by their dependence on climatic and dynamic forces operating on glacier systems. The last aspect of this thesis experiments with surface mass balance modelling for quantifying the climatic component of an elevation change. Combining this with observed elevation changes using theory of mass continuity can yield estimates of the calving flux of icebergs into the ocean. We observed on one particular fast flowing glacier in Svalbard that the average calving flux in the 1966-1990 epoch increased in the 1990-2007 epoch.


Consider an extensive-form mechanism, run by an auctioneer who communicates sequentially and privately with agents. Suppose the auctioneer can make any deviation that no single agent can detect. We study the mechanisms such that it is incentive-compatible for the auctioneer not to deviate - the credible mechanisms. Consider the optimal auctions in which only winners make transfers. The first-price auction is the unique credible static mechanism. The ascending auction is the unique credible strategy-proof mechanism.


This study aims to determine the analogy characteristics of elementary school students in proposing word problems. Analogical reasoning is a complex process that involves retrieving structured knowledge from long-term memory, representing and manipulating role-filling ties in working memory, identifying elements that play appropriate roles, generating new conclusions, and learning abstract schemes. The characteristics of analogy are categorized into four: (1) reformulation, rearrangement of information by changing the order of numbers but still paying attention to the order of mathematical operations. (2) reconstruction, Students rearrange information in the initial problem so that the problem appears different but is identical to the initial problem. (3) reproduction, the resulting product creates a new problem that is different by changing the structure of the initial problem. (4) imitation, changing the structure of the given problem by expanding the goal statement so that the initial problem becomes a step of the solution process of the new problem. Students' failure in making problem posing is included in non-reformulation, where students cannot make problem posing on word problems according to the problem structure


This work brings an analysis  of the Brazilian Criminal Judge in the course of  evidential instruction and it's instructor action under the accusatory criminal system with constitutional understanding adopted in the country after the promulgation of the civil constitution of 1988. The Accusatory,  Inquisitorial and mixed Criminal Systems will be demonstrated as the doctrinal controversies related to their core with basis on evidence management. Following, the subject of evidence in the accusatory system will be addressed, as its conception under the rules in this system, the roles given to the magistrate during the evidence production phase and the problems arisen from allowing the judge to produce them and the principles related to evidence management. It is important to mention that it is the Prosecutor's Office role to gather evidence and not the magistrate's, since the defense has no "Equality of arms" when it comes to gathering evidence. However, the Brazilian Magna Carta, which includes such system, must be respected together with the criminal law procedures under the judge's tutelage due its supremacy in the hierarchy of laws, safekeeping the defendant's fundamental rights.


The current study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of a language enrichment program based on an artificial intelligence application in developing the listening skill of autistic children and verifying the lasting impact of the program on this group of children. The study utilized the experimental research approach of one group design of pre- and post-measurements. The study sample consisted of (9) autistic children (4-8), who were enrolled in Kayan Center for Training, Rehabilitation, and Early Intervention for Children with Disabilities for 2021/2022. collection, the study utilized the following tools: the pictured listening skill scale for autistic children (prepared by the researcher), ), the Childhood Autism intelligence scale 5th ed. (Muhammad Taha, al-Mawgoud al-Sami', 2011), a language enrichment program based on one of the artificial intelligence applications to develop the listening skill among autistic children (prepared by the researcher). Results revealed the effectiveness of the language enrichment program based on an artificial intelligence application in developing the listening skill of autistic children. Besides, results also indicated the continuous and lasting impact of the program used on the children of the study sample after a month of its application. In light of these results, recommendations and further research suggestions were presented.


Improving the dependability of a computer system increases the acquisition cost so much that many systems are built without a cost-effective level of dependability. This motivates our decision to work on reducing the development effort and competence required to create dependable, distributed, reactive systems. The scope is narrowed to extending the SPACE method with software-implemented fault-tolerance mechanisms and providing tool-supported fault removal in the form of model checking. The results so far mainly cover fault removal, but we also have some early results on providing fault-tolerance mechanisms at the application layer. We discuss future work as well.


We report a phonon transport model for a bulk thermoelectric material to investigate the effect of the grain diameter and the grain-boundary thickness on its thermal conductivity. The analysis results display that the bulk thermal conductivity is significantly reduced by decreasing the grain sizes when the grain diameter is less than 500nm, which provides us one feasible way to enhance the figure of merit ZT of the material, and the thermal conductivity is mainly attributed to the contribution of grains, while the grain-boundary thermal conductivity has to be considered when the grain diameter is less than 100nm.


A three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver is used to investigate the separation and superposition of the influences from upstream and downstream rotors in an axial-radial combined compressor for unsteady design applications.The data from rotor/stator and stator/rotor configurations show that the unsteady flow response in axial stator passage is caused only by one rotor.The results from the rotor/stator/rotor configuration revealed the superimposed characteristic of influences from upstream and downstream the rotor.The impact of the superimposed characteristic was studied by analyzing the virtual relative flow angle at the stator exit.The results show that the axial velocity in the passage of axial stator can be influenced by wake from upstream axial rotor and potential field of downstream radial rotor.While they are coupled to have an effect on the unsteady flow in axial stator passage,the excitation or suppression phenomena appear and lead to different levels of deterministic fluctuation kinetic energy.Their locations are determined by the frequencies of the involved influences.In addition,the variability of superimposed characteristic(excitation and suppression)at the stator exit modulates the inlet flow angle for downstream rotor.


The relationship between public schools and their employees is one of the most frequently litigated aspects of American education. Accordingly, the chapters in this text present a comprehensive and current report of legal issues in public school employment. Chapter titles and authors are as follows: (1) "Critical Elements of the Employment Relationship," by Joseph Beckham; (2) "Discrimination in Employment," by Martha M. McCarthy; (3) "Substantive Constitutional Rights: The First Amendment and Privacy, by Arval A. Morris; (4) "Procedural Due Process," by Nelda H. Cambron-McCabe; (5) "Collective Bargaining Issues in Public School Employment," by High D. Jascourt; (6) "Documentation of Employee Performance," by Kelly Frels and Timothy Cooper; (7) "State Regulation of Educator Evaluation," by Laura Means Pope; (8) "Good Cause Basis for Dismissal of Education Employees," by W. Lance Landauer, John H. Spangler, and Benjamin F. Van Horn Jr.; and "The Law on Reduction in Force: An Overview and Update," by Perry A. ZirkeI. A legal glossary and index are included. (TE) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** us. dirANTWarn or EDUCATION__ NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICI rag ATItb document has been reprOdUded as received from M. person or organization Offlpflabrtg O Minor changes have been made to improve LeN reproduction quality Points of view or opinions stated in this docu merit do not necessarily represent official NM w PetiftIOn or Pellet' !PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATE_ RIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY


In this study, 8 mol % yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) + La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM) composite electrodes with addition of various amounts of YSZ were prepared on YSZ plates by a screen-printing method. The electrodes were then examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and studied by ac impedance, cyclic voltammetry, and potential step as well as a polarization technique. For the oxygen reduction reaction on the pure LSM electrode, the dissociative adsorption of oxygen on the LSM surface and the transfer of oxygen ions from the triple-phase boundary (TPB) to the YSZ electrolyte lattice were found to be two comparable rate-determining steps. The electrochemical resistance of the former step was proportional to the -0.5 power of p(O2), with a high activation energy of similar to 2.0 eV. The electrochemical resistance of the latter step was found to be independent of p(O2), with a low activation energy of similar to 1.0 eV. With addition of YSZ to the LSM electrode, the electrochemical activity was improved substantially with much lower electrochemical resistances for both steps. Furthermore, the dissociative adsorption of oxygen became less rate determining on the electrode with more YSZ addition. It was found that the transfer of oxygen ion was the only rate-determining step on the 40% YSZ + LSM electrode. The improvement in the electrochemical performance with addition of YSZ was found mainly due to the spatial enlargement of the TPB area, which increased the electrochemically active sites for the oxygen adsorption and charge-transfer reaction. The intimate sintering of YSZ particles to the YSZ substrate and the subsequent formation of the spatial TPB area were directly found by SEM examination and further confirmed by the increasing cathodic currents from the TPB area, which were separated from the total currents using a potential-step technique.


In the present investigation, we introduce the subclasses $\Lambda_{\Sigma_m}^{\rightthreetimes}(\sigma,\phi,\upsilon)$ and $\Lambda_{\Sigma_m}^{\rightthreetimes}(\sigma,\gamma,\upsilon)$ of $m$-fold symmetric bi-univalent function class $\Sigma_m$, which are associated with the Sakaguchi type of functions and defined in the open unit disk. Further, we obtain estimates on the initial coefficients $b_{m+1}$ and $b_{2m+1}$ for the functions of these subclasses and find out connections with some of the familiar classes.


We consider the sum of digits function which maps an integer to the sum of it's digits, for example 142 is mapped to 1 + 4 + 2 = 7. This papers examines the question of how many other integers are mapped to a given digit in the range 1 to 10 .


Halloysite is an alumosilicate tubular clay with a diameter of 50 nm, an inner lumen of 15 nm and a length of 600–900 nm. It is a natural biocompatible nanomaterial available in thousands of tons at low price, which makes it a good candidate for nanoarchitectural composites. The inner lumen of halloysite may be adjusted by etching to 20–30% of the tube volume and loading with functional agents (antioxidants, anticorrosion agents, flame‐retardant agents, drugs, or proteins) allowing for formulations with sustained release tuned by the tube end‐stoppers for hours and days. Clogging the tube ends in polymeric composites allows further extension of the release time. Thus, antioxidant‐loaded halloysite doped into rubber enhances anti‐aging properties for at least 12 months. The addition of 3–5 wt% of halloysite increases the strength of polymeric materials, and the possibility of the tube's orientation promises a gradient of properties. Halloysite nanotubes are a promising mesoporous media for catalytic nanoparticles that may be seeded on the tube surface or synthesized exclusively in the lumens, providing enhanced catalytic properties, especially at high temperatures. In vitro and in vivo studies on biological cells and worms indicate the safety of halloysite, and tests for efficient adsorption of mycotoxins in animals' stomachs are also carried out.


Epilepsy is a kind of common disease,especially more common in adolescents and senior people.Most of epileptics are accompanied with various levels of memory deficiency.Many researches have proved that serum S100B can echo the level of memory to some extent,which can compensate for the current lack of evaluation of memory.This review is aiming to introduce the characteristics and function of S100B,particularly to describe S100B as a biochemical indicator to evaluate memory deficiency of epileptics.In addition,S100B as a calcium-binding protein play roles in memory through calciumion and nitric oxide.


Dialysis‐related amyloidosis (DRA) is one of the major complications often seen in long‐term dialysis patients, and is one of the factors that decreases quality of life. β2‐microglobulin (β2‐m) is considered to be a major pathogenic factor in dialysis‐related amyloidosis. The Lixelle adsorbent column, with various capacities, has been developed to adsorb β2‐m from the circulating blood of patients with dialysis‐related amyloidosis. Using a minimum type of β2‐m‐adsorbing column (Lixelle S‐15), we evaluated its therapeutic efficacy and safety in dialysis patients. Seventeen hemodialysis patients with DRA were treated with the S‐15 column for one year. Treatment was performed three times a week in this study. During the study period, pinch strength, visual analog scale for joint pain, and activities of daily living were evaluated every three months, and blood sampling was performed every six months. After one year's treatment with the S‐15 column, the β2‐m level decreased from 29.3 ± 9.6 mg/L to 24.7 ± 5.1 mg/L (P < 0.05), and the high sensitive C‐reactive protein level decreased from 2996 ± 4380 ng/mL to 1292 ± 1774 ng/mL. After one year of S‐15 column use, pinch strength increased from 5.9 ± 3.0 pounds to 7.2 ± 3.2 pounds (P < 0.05), and the visual analog scale for joint pain and activities of daily living score also improved. Long‐term use of the Lixelle S‐15 column is safe and effective for improvement of quality of life in chronic dialysis patients. Improvement of chronic inflammation may be one of the mechanisms through which the beneficial effects of the column is effected.


Photovoltaic systems are providing a growing share of power to the electric grid worldwide. As more and more of these systems are tied with battery energy storage to balance their intermittency, being able to ensure long and safe operation of these batteries will become critical. Because of their sporadic usage, far from the typical constant current or constant power, diagnosability without having to perform lengthy maintenance cycles will be a key factor to accelerate deployment.
 This work proposes a new methodology to enable the training of machine learning algorithms so they could be applied directly to photovoltaic (PV) battery charging data for opportunistic diagnosis. This is done by training the algorithms on synthetic voltage data under different degradations calculated from clear-sky model irradiance data. Validation was performed on synthetic voltage responses calculated from plane of array irradiance observations for a PV system located in Maui, HI, USA.
 Herein, we will present the result of our proof-of-concept study where we investigated the diagnosability of the voltage response of PV charged batteries under 18 different cloud coverages scenarios and for more than 10,000 different degradations. We also evaluated the effect of training conditions on clear-sky irradiance data by analyzing the resulting differences from training on 700,000 different voltage curves for a single day vs. 45,000 different voltage curves for of each of the 18 days used for cloud coverage estimation. In addition, we considered and quantified the effect of cell-to-cell variations. Training was performed on five state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms for battery diagnosis which included decision tree ensemble methods and neural networks. Finally, because the diagnosis was done outside of constant current, the capacity- and time-based information were decorrelated and compared. While time-base diagnosis is the most interesting for deployed systems, it was shown to be less accurate than its capacity counterpart for the tested algorithms. Yet, the accuracy of the diagnosis is still satisfactory for days where cloud effect is limited (average RMSE of 2.5% compared to 1.3% for capacity based if 50% or more clear skies).
 Summarizing, we will show that the degradation of PV-connected batteries could be diagnosed opportunistically without the need for maintenance cycles using well-trained state-of-art machine learning algorithms. Calculated RMSEs were below 2% for days with 50% or more clear skies considering more than 10,000 different degradation paths with 25% or less of the three thermodynamic degradation modes. In addition to the results themselves, and before real PV battery degradation data becomes available, this work is showing the significant benefits of using synthetic data to understand the expected variations and to start preparing adapted tools for when data become available.


Competition to ensure sustainable conditions for graduates' knowledge, skills, and competencies (KSC) and employability for sustainable development of human resources has long been present in higher education institutions (HEIs). The purpose of this study is to examine the roles of educational processes, practical activities, and research activities as key determinants to predict KSC and employability in the context of medical education in Indonesian HEIs. Moreover, this study also reports the role of facilities in predicting educational processes, practical activities, and research activities. This survey study obtained data from 1086 respondents, who are students of two medical schools. The data were analyzed by assessing the measurement and structural model in the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM). Overall, all hypotheses were supported; the strongest relationship emerged between facilities and research activities, while the lowest relationship was present between practical activities and employability. From a theoretical perspective, the findings offer a conceptual framework related to HEIs' quality management factors. Highlighting the significant relationships, appropriate policies can be produced for more quality institutions in improving graduates' KSC and employability for the labor market.


An alternative method of gas detection using optical correlation spectroscopy (OCS) has been investigated. A semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is employed to transmit broadband light through a reference and measurement cell containing the absorbing species, and the required 180° phase shift between the reference and measurement signal is achieved using an optical fibre delay line. The use of a single SOA light source reduces zero point drift errors that arise when two light sources are utilized and provides high compatibility with single mode optical fibre systems. A theoretical minimum detectable concentration of 0.15 ppm.m has been calculated and experimental results have been obtained for varying concentrations of acetylene (C2H2) gas at different pressures. The theoretical system response was determined using absorption data from the HITRAN database and compares well with the experimental results. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analysis has been performed for our experimental system and an ideal system with minimal losses, an optimum filter and longer cell lengths.


Abstract Two groups of soil texture classification, differing in limit diameters for particular soil fractions, are used in Poland. The older groups of classifications consider soil particles as < 1 mm and divide them into sand (1.0–0.1 mm), silt (0.1–0.02 mm) and fine or flowable particles (< 0.02 mm). These classifications are used, in a version which originated in 1956 and here denominated as PTG/Musierowicz 1956 in land quality assessment and elaboration of soil agricultural maps. Newer versions of these classifications – professional standard BN-78/9180-11 (1978) and division of soils in agronomic categories described in 1986 – are used in fertilizer recommendations and in agricultural drought monitoring. According to the new soil texture classification PTG 2008, the upper diameter limit for soil particles is 2 mm and these parts are divided into sand (2.0–0.05 mm), silt (0.05–0.002 mm) and clay (<0.002 mm). This classification is compatible with soil texture classification elaborated by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and most frequently applied worldwide. In this paper, the results of analyses of 1087 soil samples representing almost all granulometric groups existing in older and newer Polish soil texture classifications were considered. On the base of the current and earlier studies, the table with probability of occurrence of granulometric group PTG 2008 or texture class USDA for particular granulometric groups BN-78/9180-11 was prepared. For majority of granulometric groups (pl, ps, psp, pgl, pgmp, gp, gpp, gl, glp, gc, gcp, ip, płi) determined on the base of BN-78/9180-11, it is possible to determine their granulometric group/texture class according to PTG 2008/USDA correctly and, frequently, unambiguously. For granulometric groups pglp, pgm, gs, gsp i and płg it is possible to propose with great probability more than one equivalent according to PTG 2008/USDA, and in other cases more studies are recommended.


Five-phase fault-tolerant permanent-magnet motors incorporate the merits of high-efficiency and high fault-tolerant capability. By adopting the fault-tolerant control technique, these motors can continue operating even fault occurs. This paper proposes two space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) control strategies, namely the symmetric one and the asymmetric one. The novelty of the proposed SVPWM control strategies includes two parts. One is that voltage vector locations in both SVPWM strategies are reconfigured based on a new vector space diagram. Another is that the process of switching vector calculation under fault is similar to that under healthy condition. A five-phase fault-tolerant permanent-magnet motor drive is developed and the proposed fault-tolerant control strategies are evaluated in terms of the torque, voltage, current waveforms, and total harmonic distortion. Simulated and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.


Above-ground vehicle detectors using infrared light, for use with traffic signals, are considered. One variety, the passive detector, responds to heat energy emanating from the object that is to be detected. The detector incorporates ceramic pyroelectric sensor elements that are responsive in the 6 to 14 mu m region of the electromagnetic spectrum which corresponds to the wavelength of emissions from targets such as humans and motorised vehicles. The other, the active detector, is based on a twin transmitter and twin receiver enclosed in a single housing. The transmitter sections emit encoded streams of infrared light into two regions along the road. The receivers collect radiation from the same zones and signal processing is performed such that the presence of a vehicle in a zone can be detected. The design chosen has both regions includes towards oncoming vehicles. This reduces the effects of the variation in vehicle height on the speed measurement capability by ensuring that the same part of the vehicle cuts into both regions. For maximum precision in vehicle length assessment, the rays to the region nearest the detector are kept nearly vertical. The optics of each system are described and each system's advantages are given.


For better parameter estimation, both in active source and earthquakes seismology, we need to exploit the richness of full seismic waveforms. Full waveform tomography (FWT) is a powerful method to reach this goal. Although first implementations in the 1980's were conducted in the time-domain by Tarantola, the frequency-domain version of FWT developed in the 1990's by G. Pratt and coworkers has now emerged as an efficient imaging tool. The main advantage of the frequency-domain approach is the possibility of starting the inversion at low frequencies (large scale structures) and then moving to higher frequency compounds (smaller scale structures), thereby realizing a multiscale approach. The main advantage of the time-domain method is the efficient parallelization by domain decomposition leading to a significant speedup on parallel computers. In this study, we demonstrate the performance of our parallel acoustic time-domain code. We present the results for a very complex example - a random medium model. Last but not least, we compare our time-domain inversion results with the frequency-domain results calculated using the FULLWV code by G. Pratt et al.


Coronary artery disease commonly presents as acute coronary syndrome (ACS). About 35-50% of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-related deaths occur before arrival at a hospital. 1 This trend persists despite evidence that effective pre-hospital care leads to decreased disease complications, improved survival and quality of life. 2 The outcomes of those who survive depend on timely and appropriate continued care in the emergency department, as well as during the in-patient and post-discharge periods (Table 1).


The Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia organized a two-day conference 'The Future Status of Kosovo' on June 13-14, 2005 in Prishtina. The conference not only stood as the third in the series of Serb-Albanian dialogues which the Committee has staged over the past eight years, but also as the final and most important segment of the US Institute for Peace-supported project 'BelgradePrishtina: Steps to Build Confidence and Understanding.' The idea behind the conference was to provide — on the eve of the announced start of negotiations on Kosovo's status — a realistic insight into the complexity of this major regional issue. The conference was a display of authentic discussions on reality and real problems. Regardless of many different stances, the conference participants, Serbs and Albanians alike, attempted to conceptualize a policy that is moving towards a lasting solution and regional stability. A policy, as such, implies a sober assessment of Kosovo's reality, as well as of possibilities, problems and constraints. The two-day conference, echoing more in Prishtina and somewhat less in Belgrade, assembled a number of outstanding political and public figures from Prishtina — Albanians, Serbs and representatives from Kosovo's other ethnic communities, all of them concerned with their own future and ready to acknowledge major changes in Kosovo society during the past six years. The same was true of the considerations of the participants from Belgrade, the people standing for Serbia's alternative politics, and of Podgorica's officials. Below, five of the presentations have been published. In her intervention Natasa Micic, the former acting president of the Serbian Assembly during the Djidjic period acknowledges the reality and points to the need to act promtly. She belongs to the circle representing the political alternative that advocates dialogue with Albanians, which is now being constatntly marginalized by the current regime. Latinka Perovic, a historian, and also a former political leader from 1970s, a period which was known for its reformist orientation, points out in her intervention the need for a historical agreement between Albanians and Serbs. Agim Ceku, Commander in Chief of the KPC (Kosova Protection Corps), points out that the issue of security is their priority and thus needs to be addressed by Kosovars themselves. To this end he advocates that the KPC should be more clearly defined in order to perform its tasks appropriately. Bajram Kosumi, the Prime Minister of Kosova, has underlined the efforts which the Kosova government is undertaking in different spheres with more or less success. However, he has indicated Belgrade's discouraging messages to the Serbian community which generate enormous problems for the processes of


When Chinese Comminist Party is in power,taking the leadership of state power will embody the Party's leadership.What we should do is to establish the system of Party and state leadership which is effective, vigorous and loved among the masses,to realize and handle the relationship between the Party in power and the organ of state power correctly.In this way,the Party can take the state power practically and effectively,serve in a wide range of capacities and harmonize all of the organ of state power,carry out the Party's line,principles and polices,give a full scope to and stimulate the initiative and the creative of the organ of state power,safe- guard the government,ensure that each organ of state power exercises their functions and powers indepently and work efficiently.As we can see that,the measures we have mentioned above is to reform and improve the meth- ods of the Party in office,and strengthen the capacity building of the Party in office.However,we did not solve the problem very well for a long time since the Party of the proletariat has been in office.


The invention relates to a method and a device for adjusting a vehicle reclining seat. The backrest of the passenger seat folds rearwards to form a resting surface with the rear seat and move together into the lying position. According to the invention, the passenger seat and the rear seat move together automatically into a lying position and back to the seating position.


Summary Background We know little of the initial events during the sensitization phase of contact allergy in humans. Alopecia areata (AA), a disease of unknown pathogenesis characterized by patchy hair loss, may be treated by inducing contact allergy to diphenylcyclopropenone (DPC), later followed by its topical application.


The main aim of this paper is to identify critical success factors (CSFs) and investigate whether they are the same or not across different project organization structures. The organization structures under the study are: functional, project, and matrix. The study is based on a survey that was conducted on a large number of software projects in Jordan. To rank success factors (SFs) and identify critical ones, we use the importance index of SFs, which is calculated based on the likelihood and impact across different structures. For deeper analysis, we carry out statistical experiments with an ANOVA test and Spearman's rank correlation test. Analysis results of an ANOVA test partially indicates that the values of the SF importance index are slightly different across the three organization structures. Moreover, the Spearman's rank correlation test results show a high degree of correlation of the SF importance index between the function and project organization structures and a low degree of correlation between the function and matrix organization structures.


The conventional particle transport Monte Carlo algorithm is ill suited for modem vector supercomputers because the random nature of the particle transport process in the history based algorithm in hibits construction of vectors. An alterna tive, event-based algorithm is suitable for vectorization and has been used recently to achieve impressive gains in perfor mance on vector supercomputers. This re view describes the event-based algorithm and several variations of it Implementa tions of this algorithm for applications in particle transport are described, and their relative merits are discussed. The imple mentation of Monte Carlo methods on multiple vector parallel processors is con sidered, as is the potential of massively parallel processors for Monte Carlo par ticle transport simulations.


Background Generalised Joint hypermobility (GJH) is a clinical conditions that may cause common musculoskeletal pain during childhood. In our study, we aim to show the prevalence of GJH in children of 11–18 age group, and to provide guiding information for rheumatologists and paediatricians who are interested in this subject. Objectives Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of GJH in children aged 11–18 years in the province, Ordu. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed with 410 students aged 11–18 years who receive education in the province, Ordu. Questionnaire forms were filled in, and each student was examined. The children, who reported to have any disease, were excluded from the study. GJH was diagnosed according to criteria of Beighton diagnosis. Results A total of 410 students, 210 of whom were girls (51.3%) and 200 (48.7%) of whom were boys, participated in the study. The subjects' mean age was 13.7±1.7 years for girls and 13.1±1.79 years for boys. The body mass index (BMI) of the girls was 21.5±3.4 kg/m2 and of the boys were 22±3.8 kg/m2. 160 (39%) of the students participated from the city centre and 250 (61%) from the district centres. The presentations of the students to the health institution due to any complaint in 1 year were examined. The students participating in the study were questioned in terms of presence and time of previous joint complaints. Accordingly, the number of participants who previously had a joint-related complaint was found to be 155 (37.8%). 40 (10.7%) of these participants had a joint-related complaint 3 months ago, 18 (4.3%) had it 6 months ago, 40 (9.7%) had it 1 year ago, and 47 (11.4%) had it more than one year ago. The frequency of GJH was 8.7%. 24 of 36 participants in whom GJH was detected and had a Beighton score of 5 and above consisted of girls; and this was 11.4% of the girls. The number of male participants in whom GJH was detected, was found to be 12; and this was 6% of the boys. There was a significant difference between female and male participants in terms of the frequency of GJH (p=0.021).A statistically significant and highly negative correlation was found between age and Beighton score (r=−0.182, p<0.001). A statistically significant and highly negative correlation was found between body mass index and Beighton score (r=−0.092, p<0.05). Conclusions One of the most common complaints seen during the childhood is musculoskeletal system pain. As shown by various studies performed, one of the significant reasons of extremity pain is GJH.1 In our study, no significant correlation was found between GJH and joint pain. GJH is a disease that may cause musculoskeletal system pain during childhood. In our study which investigates the frequency of GJH in our region, we detected the GJH prevalence as 8.7. GJH is a clinical syndrome that is characterised with the fact that the joints have a range of motion above normal levels without a correlation with any systemic rheumatismal disease. The specific definition of GJH was shown by Kirk et al. in 1967.2 References [1] Larsson LG, Baum J, Mudholkar GS. Hypermobility: Features and differential incidence between the sexes. Arthritis Rheum1987; 30: 1426–30. [2] Kirk JA, Ansell BM, Bywaters EG. The hypermobility syndrome. Musculoskeletal complaints associated with generalized joint hypermobility. Ann Rheum Dis1967; 26: 419. Disclosure of Interest None declared


Dispersion of the ordinary and extraordinary indices of refraction have been measured systematically for wurtzitic Al xGa12xN epitaxial layers with 0.0 <x<1.0 throughout the visible wavelength region. The dispersion, measured by a prism coupling waveguide technique, is found to be well described by a Sellmeier relation. Discrepancies among previous measurements of refractive index dispersion, as a consequence of different growth conditions and corresponding band gap bowing parameter, are reconciled when the Sellmeier relation is parameterized not by x but by band gap energy. ©2001 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1426270 #


The invention provides a color conversion film. The color conversion film comprises a substrate, a first containing groove, a second containing groove and quantum dot materials, wherein the first containing groove and the second containing groove are formed in the substrate, and the quantum dot materials are arranged in the first containing groove and the second containing groove. The substrate comprises a first plane and a second plane which are arranged in parallel. The first containing groove is formed in the first plane and extends to the interior of the substrate. The second containing groove is formed in the second plane and extends to the interior of the substrate. The quantum dot materials convert light rays shot into the materials into color component light rays in specific color to be shot out. The invention further provides a display device using the color conversion film and a method for manufacturing the color conversion film.


Abstract We use test-particle orbit integration with a realistic Milky Way (MW) potential to study the effect of the resonances of the Galactic bar and spiral arms on the velocity distribution of the Solar Neighbourhood and other positions of the disk. Our results show that spiral arms create abundant kinematic substructure and crowd stars into the region of the Hercules moving group in the velocity plane. Bar resonances can contribute to the origin of low-angular momentum moving groups like Arcturus. Particles in the predicted dark disk of the MW should be affected by the same resonances as stars, triggering dark-matter moving groups in the disk. Finally, we evaluate how this study will be advanced by upcoming Gaia data.


Objective: To clarify the possible role of CD44, p53 and p21 in the development or progression of uterine cervical tumors, an immunohistochemical investigation was carried out on 99 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III and stage Ib squamous cell carcinoma. Abnormal expression of CD44, p53 and p21 has been observed in a variety of human tumor, but little is known about its expression during cervical carcinogenesis. Methods: The author examined the expression pattern of CD44, p53, and p21 in CIN III and invasive carcinoma groups with respect to high risk HPV positivity and tumor invasion. Results: CD44s was expressed in CIN III and invasive carcinoma groups, and the positivities of expression were 75.0% and 52.7%, respectively. The positivities of CD44-v5 and CD44-v6 expression were 81.8%, 63.6% and 43.2%, 36.4%, respectively. The positivities of p53 and p21 expression in CIN III and invasive carcinoma groups were 18.2, 40.0% and 54.5%, 36.4%, respectively. This study revealed that neither CD44s nor CD44v appears to have independent prognostic relevance. No association between p53 immunostaining and p21 expression was found. Expression of CD44 and p21 was independent of the high risk HPV status, but expression of p53 is higher in the high risk HPV negative cases. Conclusion: The author demonstrated reduced expression of CD44 and increased expression of p53 with progression from CIN III to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. CD44 may have an important role in early tumorigenesis. Immunohistochemically detected CD44, p53 and p21 appeared to be of no predictive value with regard to clinical outcome.


The authority claims of the administration have undergone radical change with consequences for the shape and content of administrative law. In the seventeenth century, authority was claimed in office, as a means to limit the imposition of the King's will and to secure the independence of officials, especially the judges. In the eighteenth century, virtue, property, and independence became the basis for office, and the common law sought to enhance such authority through notions of public trust. After the nineteenth-century transition to more centralised and bureaucratic hierarchy, democracy became the new source of authority for the administration, reinforced by the ultra vires doctrine. In each era, the authority claims of the administration have been reflected in the frameworks for judicial supervision. In this way the common law has simultaneously constituted and controlled authority. In the present day we are in the process of rethinking whence administrators derive their legitimate authority and the theoretical foundations of judicial review. Beginning with the authority claims of the administration and framing a juridical response which reflects and tests such claims would be a good place to start.


The authors would like to thank Statoil ASA and the Volve license partners ExxonMobil E&P Norway and Bayerngas Norge AS, for the release of the Volve data. The authors would like to thank Marianne Houbiers from Statoil for providing some helpful suggestions and corrections. We also thank the Shaheen II administrator team at KAUST for the computational support. We also thank the members of SWAG in KAUST, particularly Nabil Masmoudi and Ramzi Djebbi, for helpful discussions.


The Southern Anhui Areas was of unique geographical location where the natural landscape and the place of cultural interest mixed.The tourism resources,which had the advantages of splendid scene,place of cultural interest and ecological environment with concentrated and various-type scenic spots as well as historical sites,had the feasibility and necessity to develop comprehensively various kinds of tourism resources.The re-commendation for the rational development of its tourism resources were proposed in the paper through investigating and analyzing the tourism resources.


We developed microscopes probing the interaction between photons and acoustic phonons within materials to provide label-free contrast mechanisms related to mechanical and physical properties of biological cells, tissues and biomaterials.


INTRODUCTION
Chronic kidney diseases are of growing importance for our health system. With regard to the high number of undetected cases, screening programs provide opportunities for an early to detect and treat patients.

METHODS
With the support of local newspapers, we performed a mass screening of the citizens of Würzburg, Germany. One hundred thousand dipsticks for proteinuria were distributed. Citizens were invited to self-test their urine and to report the results to the organizing centre.

RESULTS
We received information for approximately 22% of the distributed dipsticks. Positive tests results numbered 2,458 after removal of 309 positive results for pre-diagnosed renal diseases. From family doctors, we obtained data for control investigations of 856 dipstick-positive subjects. In 104 of them, chronic proteinuria could be confirmed, due to essential hypertension (n=47), pyelo/interstitial nephritis (n=26), diabetic nephropathy (n=20), glomerulonephritis (n=4), nephrolithiasis (n=4), hypernephroma (n=2) and polycystic kidney disease (n=1).

DISCUSSION
The benefit of self-testing was an unexpectedly high compliance, even in males. However, a great number of abnormal tests could not be confirmed by family doctors, possibly owing to the time variation in urine testing (early-morning urine in the self-test vs. daytime testing by the physician), the high variability of urinary protein excretion and a large number of false-positive tests in the inexperienced participants.

CONCLUSION
Mass screening for proteinuria with self-testing enhances the awareness of renal diseases and improves the chances for an early diagnosis and therapy. Limitations are the frequent overdiagnosis of proteinuria due to minimal colour changes in the dipsticks.


Calibration of the intrinsic parameters of a star sensor before and after its launch is essential. The existing techniques have not taken the centroiding error into consideration thoroughly. Meanwhile, the calibration operation is complex. Based on the principle of the SPGD algorithm, a calibration method fully considering the star image centroiding error is proposed in this work. Simulation result indicates that the intrinsic parameters are calibrated out and kept constantly after tens of iterations. The accuracy of principle point of the proposed SPGD based method is 4 times as the IAICM. As for the focus length, the accuracy is improved by 6 times compared to the IAICM. Simultaneously, the calibration operation becomes extremely simple


Many a wanderer through the country districts of New Zealand has found interest in the sight of the monumental earthworks which crown so many of our hills. There is something grand and yet pathetic about these old fortresses. Once the scene of turmoil and activity, they now lie neglected and still beneath the sky, clothed in bush, or scrub, or fern, or grass-grown and dotted with sheep. Their day is over, the Maori long since has ceased to swarm on their slopes and man their palisades; they are but a memory of the warring and the peacemaking, the fighting and the feasting of the eventful past. In this paper it is my object to give a brief account of the general features of their construction and of their importance in Maori life.


The Expert Working Group (EWG) on Improving Wheat Quality for Processing and Health of the
Wheat Initiative, established in 2015, aimed to maintain/improve the quality of high-yielding wheat
under varying environmental conditions. This EWG focuses on wheat quality in the broad sense,
including grain compositional factors (proteins, allergens, carbohydrates), nutritional quality, grain
processing, food safety, genetic resources and gene nomenclature as shown in Figure1. The EWG
also promotes the sharing of genetic resources and the standardisation of nomenclature of genes
related to grain quality. The first meeting of the EWG was hold in Paris in 2016, with 31 researchers
from 18 countries. We are working on the following globally important topics: (i) standardising
methods to determine gluten protein composition, while unifying the nomenclature to define allelic
diversity of gluten proteins, and improve the understanding of the role of gluten proteins on dough
processing and end-product properties; (ii) germplasm screening for the identification of sources of
variation for various quality component traits; (iii) a deep understanding of the inheritance and
genetic factors controlling te bioavailability of grain bioactive compounds, including micronutrients
and dietary fibre, to improve the nutritional and health value of wheat and cereal-based foods; (iv)
a deep understanding of the nature and content of proteins and other factors, such as fermentable
oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) of wheat showing
negative effects on health and toxic reactions and developing low-allergen and low FODMAP wheat
suitable for patients suffering various wheat related food disorders; (v) understanding the effects of
food manufacturing processes on the digestibility of wheat proteins, bio-availability of nutrients,
and the interaction with gut micro-organisms; (vi) fine-tuning gluten, starch properties and grain
hardness according to specific (and diverse) end-uses by understanding
genotype × environment × management interactions; (vii) reducing mycotoxins and toxic minerals
in wheat and wheat products; (viii) development of low cost biomarkers for the above determinants
of wheat quality and safety.


Ultra-thin InGaAs gate stacks with CET= 0.73 nm (EOT<; 0.5 nm), Dit as low as 8.0×1011 (cm-2 eV-1) and thermal stability up to 600°C is demonstrated by using La2O3 as gate dielectric. A silicide/InGaAs junction with excellent controllability at the interface is also proposed. These results promise the integration compatibility of this gate stack for future node 3D device structures.


reached very serious proportions. The percentages of systems showing deficiencies in the principal categories are г : supply 20 per cent ; transmission capacity, 40 per cent; treatment plant capacity, 40 per cent; pumping capacity, 33 per cent; distribution system, 57 per cent, including ground level storage facilities, 29 per cent, and elevated storage, 43 per cent. Water utilities often develop deficiencies because of lack of public support. Too frequently, local authorities fail to take action in time to prevent serious shortages. The only positive solution to this dilemma is to provide professional management for water utilities. This subject is effectively discussed in a recent article by Raymond J. Faust.2


This study aims to broaden the knowledge about the mechanisms of pain evaluation and the benefit of the nursing care traced, evaluating the application of the scales according to the patient adult profile found in the ICUs. There are two specific objectives: Describe the main validated scales for use in patients in the intensive care unit and the construction of a flowchart to choose the best scale according to the patient's profile. An integrative review was carried out to select pain assessment instruments and, from this, the construction of the flow chart. Beneficial results of great value were found to consolidate the knowledge about the mechanics of pain evaluation. We conclude that it is necessary to validate the flowchart elaborated in this research for implantation in the intensive care units, resulting in future evidence and improvement both in pain relief and in the reduction of the permanence of this client with several invasive devices, consequently reducing their hospitalization time.


The transmission network represents undoubtedly the infrastructure that enables the power market. Nowadays operating conditions of the power systems, open access to the transmission network, leading to different transactions within a certain power system or cross-border transactions, are increasing the risk of congestions. Taking into consideration these facts, new tools are necessary to be developed, according to the actual conditions. This paper aims to elaborate an original mathematical model used for congestion management in case of deregulated environment. In the following, a software tool is developed in Matlab environment, designed for probabilistic congestion management. The West and South-West power system is used as a case study.


In order to complete the designing of milling-boring machine project for Deyang Sichuan JiaLong machine manufacture company and improve the dynamic characteristics and competitiveness of the TX6916 CNC milling-boring machine,analysis for static and dynamic performance of ram is made under 3 structural types ribs such as rib-segment,cross-shaped and X-type ribs aiming at ram ribs structure,by using finite element.With the structural form of ribs being chosen,the sensitivity of the natural frequency of wall thickness,rib thickness and the thickness of concealed ribs is analyzed.Then the optimal design variables are selected to improve ram structure,which will be analyzed by finite element analysis and compared with original structure.Thus the structure has been improved significantly in static and dynamic performance.


The second exercise in Life Is Real, Only Then, When "I Am," is the First Assisting Exercise, which is probably adapted from the Jesus Prayer, especially in the form taught by Nicephorus the Solitary in the Philokalia, and evokes the "Ego Exercise" as Gurdjieff told Ouspensky it was practised on Mount Athos. The exercise is set out, and its apparent simplicity is shown to be a highly developed and sophisticated product of much distillation of thought and experience. It is based around the conscious uttering of the words "I Am," which is central to Gurdjieff's teaching and techniques. This strengthening the feeling of one's own presence marks Gurdjieff's system as what scholars term a "dialogical form" of mystical experience, i.e. one in which one's sense of individuality is not merged with the Absolute.


This paper applies the principles of defect flow analysis to experience data accumulated on valves and valve-operators used on Emergency Core Cooling Systems for light water reactors. In defect flow analysis, discovered defects are analyzed and classified in several dimensions using carefully selected ''forced choice'' responses. These dimensions help to discover how the defects originally entered into the system, how they escaped discovery, how they were finally discovered, the corrective action taken as a result of the discovery, and the effectiveness of that action. One important dimension is a classification as to the tendencies of defects to repeat themselves, referred to as systematic defects. This paper deals with the difficulties in discovering defects that have systematic tendencies and the appropriateness of the corrective action taken once a systematic defect is discovered in operating plants. The overall objective is to utilize the operating experience on existing reactors to form a basis for ''lessons learned'' applications on future nuclear power plant systems.