ABSTRACT Indication of salt-tolerant cotton cultivars can make the agricultural exploitation with saline water irrigation feasible in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges and growth of cotton cultivars irrigated with saline water. The study was conducted in pots adapted as drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, using a sandy loam Entisols as substrate. Treatments were distributed in completely randomized design, in 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, relative to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 dS m-1) and two cotton cultivars (BRS 368 RF and BRS Safira). Increase in irrigation water salinity inhibits the vegetative growth and gas exchanges of the cotton cultivars BRS Safira and BRS 368 RF. Leaf area and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency are the most affected variables. Physiological and growth performance of the cultivar BRS Safira in response to water salinity was higher than that of BRS 368 RF.


The widely applications of DCS in the limestone-gypsum flue gas desulfurization unit provide a basis for the realization of the desulfurization system automatic control regulating circuit.The application of automatic control regulating circuit can reduce the labor intensity of the operation,and greatly reduce the mistake operation risk,which is conducive to the stable operation of desulfurization system.In this paper,we introduce the main function,realization way,adjusting means of the automatic control regulating circuit,which provide a reference for the design and adjusting.


A total of 1403 {nu}{sub {ital e}} and 179 {bar {nu}}{sub {ital e}} charged-current interactions with energies ranging up to 200 GeV were observed in a wideband neutrino-beam experiment using the Fermilab 15-ft bubble chamber filled with a heavy Ne-H{sub 2} mix. As a test of {nu}{sub {mu}}-{nu}{sub {ital e}} universality, these events were compared to samples of {nu}{sub {mu}} and {bar {nu}}{sub {mu}} charged-current events obtained during the same experiment. The {nu}{sub {ital e}}-to-{nu}{sub {mu}} cross-section ratio was measured to be 1.09{plus minus}0.17, and the corresponding ratio for antineutrinos was 1.46{plus minus}0.34. Kinematic distributions and charged-particle multiplicities were also consistent with universality. The neutral-strange-particle production rate was measured to be (11.7{plus minus}1.2)% for {nu}{sub {ital e}} and (5.2{plus minus}2.2)% for {bar {nu}}{sub {ital e}}, in good agreement with the {nu}{sub {mu}} and {bar {nu}}{sub {mu}} rates. The relative rate for {ital e}{sup {minus}}{ital e}{sup +} dilepton production by {nu}{sub {ital e}} was (0.82{plus minus}0.47)%, also consistent with universality. The rate for neutral-strange-particle production in {ital e}{sup {minus}}{ital e}{sup +} dilepton events is reported for the first time. The measured rate of 0.64{plus minus}0.45 agrees with the value expected from universality.


This paper examines whether economic sanctions, or threats of sanctions, destabilize regime leaders. As a measure for the events of sanctions the study uses a dataset known as the Threat or Imposition of Sanctions (TIES) including 888 individual cases. The applied econometric method is the conditional logistic regression with panel data on the period between 1971 and 2000. The findings suggest that neither sanctions nor threats of sanctions have any significant effect on the destabilization of leaders.


Quick Freshes is an e-commerce platform that connects customers to local retailers in India. The platform offers a convenient and easy-to-use interface for customers to buy products from their nearby stores. Local retailers can register on the platform and create their digital stores to showcase their products to a larger audience. Quick Freshes aims to empower local retailers and create a sustainable e-commerce ecosystem in India.


Polyether polyols is well established category of polymers, which are synthesized via ring opening polymerization (ROP) industrially using Double Metal Cyanide (DMC) catalyst with glycols as initiators. Establishing the role of glycol in initiation and its involvement in the polymer chain during the ROP of propylene oxide (PO) via DMC catalysis is of utmost importance. In this work, the experimental method is established to understand the role of ethylene glycol (EG) and its participation during initiation and chain propagation. Furthermore, the microstructure analysis of synthesized polyether polyols reveals that ethylene glycol initiates from both sides and participated in random copolymerization besides its role as an initiator in the polymeric backbone during the ROP of PO. Also, in‐depth studies of the polymeric microstructural distribution are carried out using 1H‐1H COSY, 1H‐13C HMQC, and 1H‐13C HMBC with the aid of multi‐pulse two‐dimensional (2D) correlation techniques along with carbon‐13 NMR chemical shifts. In‐depth understanding of the microstructure of the polyether polyols are established with the aid of the obtained polymeric regio‐irregular structures. The reactivity ratios of PO are found to be 0.89 and 0.57 by modified Kelen‐Tudos and Fineman Ross method, respectively, indicating higher reactivity of PO monomer in comparison to EG.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved


In this paper, we describe the integration of Software Defined Networking (SDN) in the mobile backhaul as a disruptive approach to streamline the transport network. In this work we leverage SDN to optimize the mobile backhaul transport by removing all mobile specific tunnelling and replace it with more efficient MPLS or Carrier Grade Ethernet deployed either over electrical or optical networks. The paper also presents the testbed with complete end to end system including off the shelf base stations, SDN enabled mobile backhaul switches and virtualize network elements (i.e. Mobility Management Entity (MME), Serving/Packet Gateway (S/P-GW)) running on the cloud. This testbed is currently accepted as European Telecommunication Standards (ETSI) Proof of Concept and the results are used to describe the benefits for operators and end users. Moreover, an initial design of services based on the proposed virtualized mobile network architecture is proposed. The results of the testbed show the benefits for mobile operators in terms of Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational Expenditure (OPEX) savings but more importantly the development of services that benefit from optimal usage of resources.


Ion trap HPLC-PAD-ESI/MS/MS has been used to study C-glycosyl flavones in quince seeds. Comparative analysis of the ions [(M-H)-60]-, [(M-H)-90]- and [(M-H)-120]- from 6-C- and 8-C-glycosyl flavone isomers, together with their respective retention times, allowed deductions to be made about the nature of the sugar units and the positions of C-glycosylation. Vicenin-2 (6,8-di-C-glucosyl apigenin), lucenin-2 (6,8-di-C-glucosyl luteolin), stellarin-2 (6,8-di-C-glucosyl chrysoeriol), isoschaftoside (6-C-arabinosyl-8-C-glucosyl apigenin), schaftoside (6-C-glucosyl-8-C-arabinosyl apigenin), 6-C-pentosyl-8-C-glucosyl chrysoeriol and 6-C-glucosyl-8-C-pentosyl chrysoeriol were identified in quince seed.


The invention relates to an angiographic investigation process for the preparation of a target region within a patient to a vascular system as an object to be examined by means of an angiographic system having an X-ray source, an X-ray image detector, which are attached to the ends of a C-arm, comprising an acquisition (50) of a volume data set (23) of the target area with the object under examination, a registration (51) of the volume data set (23) to the C-arc (2), an extraction (52) of information about a presumed course of the examination object in the volume data set (23) within the target area, generating (53 ) at least one 2-D projection image (28) of an introduced in the target area a medical instrument, a 2-D / 3-D-fusion (54) of the (at least a 2-D projection image and the registered volume data set 23) for generating a 2 -D-overlay image, a detection (55, 56) of introduced in the target area Instrum ents in the 2-D sub-picture with a first projection matrix (PM1), a creation (58) of a virtual 2-D projection by means of a virtual projection matrix (PM2), a 3-D reconstruction (60) of the instrument), wherein its 3-D position is determined from the two projections and a distortion (57) at least a portion of the reference image such that the current and the vessel course adopted are brought into agreement.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the execution of prevention and control of nosocomial infections by the dental clinic nurses,analyze influencing factors of execution and make a management scheme so as to enhance the enforcement of prevention of iatrogenic infections.METHODS A total of 178 dental clinic nurses in 14 hospitals of the Pearl River delta region,which included oral specialized hospitals and general hospitals,were investigated by purposive sampling with self-designed questionnaire.RESULTS The sterilized articles were placed according to disinfection date(75.8%),packaging integrity was checked before treatment(74.2%).Pollution resistant film was sticked on hand touched places in the treatment(73.0%),the ventilation and disinfection in treatment room maintained well.Sterilized holding forceps used in adding items by four-handed technique were one person with one sterilized(16.9%).Hand touched place was sterilized once pollution resistant film perforated(15.2%).The poor execution links were found in one person with one sterilized of dental impression mixing apparatus(11.8%).The four hand operating rate was 51.7%,and 72.5% of the nurses had four hand operation learning experiences.CONCLUSION The execution of prevention and control of nosocomial infections of the dental clinic nurses is moderate and is with low four hand operation rate.They pay attention to the prevention and control of nosocomial infections,but the cognitive level needs to be improved.The execution of prevention and control of nosocomial infections should be improved through multiple pathways.


The article contains results of the research of the Ukrainian market of aviation passenger transportation growth in the post-crisis period.


The Becker-Coppens treatment of extinction is applied to the polarized neutron technique. Analytical expressions for the extinction correction are derived for plate-like crystals. The formalism is applied to data collected on yttrium iron garnet. Measurements were performed on crystals of various thicknesses using wavelengths in the range 0.5-1.1 A. The correction is shown to be quite adequate even for severe extinction, with a preference for Lorentzian shape of {\bar sigma}, the mean diffracting power, though some systematic deviations are present. The method is shown to be very sensitive to a given model for extinction, mainly because of the independence from any scale factor. It is demonstrated that the flipping ratio R can be out of the range [Rkinematic, Rdynamic] and that such a situation implies the simultaneous presence of primary and secondary extinction and one can have R = Rdynamic for a crystal far from dynamical behaviour. Application of a recent dynamical test proposed by Kato [Acta Cryst. (1976), A32, 453-466] concerning the validity of the physical assumption of the model shows that in neutron refinement for most reflexions the situation is encouraging. Estimation of mosaic spread by γ-ray diffraction leads to a fair agreement with the refined values.


A conceptual framework based on prior research was used to study unusually successful compensatory programs in 4 schools (3 elementary schools and 1 middle school). The framework included 4 interrelated constructs: program effectiveness standards, school culture, curriculum, and teaching. Site visits were made to each of the 4 schools. During these visits, written documents were examined, interviews were conducted, and classroom observations were made. All 4 schools were characterized by clear purpose and high performance standards (program effectiveness standards); shared leadership, strong community support, and talented, hardworking teachers (school climate); opportunity to learn and curriculum integration (curriculum); and concern for students and nonacceptance of failure (teaching). Analyzing the data in terms of the framework enabled the researchers to describe the complex nature of success as well as the interplay among the constructs in producing it. It also allowed them to move beneath the surfac...


The interactive collaborative project Codra, explores the creative design process between people in virtual and physical space in the visual domain. By using the connectivity between people massive collaboration is possible between heterogeneous groups that can lead to new and unexpected results.


The segregation of plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, into groups of uniform size can be used to reduce the formation of size hierarchies, even under conditions of limited food supply. When access to food was limited the fish responded by becoming hyperphagic. This resulted in an increase in growth rate following an initial growth check. However, even after hyperphagic adaptation, intermittently fed fish grew at slower rates than those allowed more frequent access to food. Hyperphagia was accompanied by an increase in relative stomach weight and gastric capacity but did not affect fat storage and proximate chemical composition.


This paper introduces an integrated methodology to intelligent monitor and diagnose machine faults in complex industrial processes such as flexible manufacturing systems. The approach is generic and applicable to a variety of industrial plants that operate critical processes and may require continuous monitoring and maintenance procedures.


Objective To determine the seroprevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus type 2(HSV-2) infection among sexually transmitted diseases(STD) patients in Zhabei District,Shanghai.Methods All patients attending the STD clinic in Zhabei District Central Hospital,Shanghai from July to August in 2008 were interviewed with an anonymous questionnaire,and blood-tested for HSV-2 and HIV infections.Results A total of 256 patients attended this STD clinic and participated in the study.Of them,the average age was(36.86±11.82) years,the majority were males(178/256,69.5%),married(179/256,69.9%),non-Shanghai residents(150/256,58.6%),and educated at high school or above(141/256,55.1%).The age at first sex ranged from 13 to 39 years,with an average of(22.37±3.67) years.222(86.7%) currently had fixed sex partners,145(56.6%) had commercial sex in the past three months,and 7(2.7%) had used drugs.One person(0.4%) was tested positive for HIV.The HSV-2 seroprevalence was 30.1%,25.8% for males and 39.7% for females. A multiple Logistic regression analysis indicated that,after adjustment for potential confounding effects,females and those having had commercial sex in the past three months were more likely to be infected with HSV-2.Conclusions HSV-2 infection was highly prevalent among STD patients in Zhabei District,Shanghai.Among them,females and those engaging in commercial sex should be most important for HSV-2 prevention and control.


Fingerprinting attacks have emerged as a serious threat against privacy mechanisms, such as SSL, Tor, and encrypting tunnels. Researchers have proposed numerous attacks and defenses, and the Tor project now includes both network- and browser-level defenses against these attacks, but published defenses have high overhead, poor security, or both. This paper (1) systematically analyzes existing attacks and defenses to understand which traffic features convey the most information (and therefore are most important for defenses to hide), (2) proves lower bounds on the bandwidth costs of any defense that achieves a given level of security, (3) presents a mathematical framework for evaluating performance of fingerprinting attacks and defenses in the open-world, given their closed-world performance, and (4) presents a new defense, Tamaraw, that achieves a better security/bandwidth trade-off than any previously proposed defense. Our feature-based analysis provides clear directions to defense designers on which features need to be hidden. Our lower bounds on bandwidth costs help us understand the limits of fingerprinting defenses and to determine how close we are to "success". Our open-world/close-world connection enables researchers to perform simpler closed-world experiments and predict open-world performance. Tamaraw provides an "existence proof" for efficient, secure defenses.


38 Introduction 39 Structure of the ANN-IPMFM system 43 Experimental setup 45 Development of the vibration monitoring sub-system 47 Experimental design 47 Data collection 48 Vibration data treatment approach 49 Development of the threshold prediction sub-system 51 ANN-IPMFM decision-making mechanism 56 Evaluation of the ANN-IPMFM system 57 Conclusions 58 IV Hardware setup Software setup Experimental design Experimental results and data analysis Development of the IPMFM system Testing results Conclusions References


Sickle cell trait (SCT) is found in 6% to 9% of African Americans and is generally asymptomatic. However, disorders involving the circulation and


Thermal analysis were conducted to characterize the pyrolysis and char- gasification by measuring the reactivities of different coal samples in a horizontal thermogravimetric analyzer. The tested coal samples were Dong-Won anthracite, Australia bituminous coal and Pakistan lignite. Nearly 80% of nonisothermal pyrolysis reaction is completed between and . Reaction rate of pyrolysis is affected by reaction temperature, heating rate and coal properties. Measured activation energies of pyrolysis reaction are 28.28 kcal/g-mol for Australia bituminous coal and 11.18 kcal/g-mol for Pakistan lignite. Chemical reaction control region of nonisothermal char- gasification reaction is between and . The concentration of gas does not influence on the reaction in the concentration over for Dong-Won anthracite char and Australia bituminous char, and over for Pakistan lignite char. Measured activation energies of char- gasification reaction are 29.4 kcal/g-mol for Dong-Won anthracite char, 16.39 kcal/g-mol for Australia bituminous char and 22.20 kcal/g-mol for Pakistan lignite char.


Cerda Kits is Assistant Professor o f Economics a t The King's University in Edmonton, Alberta. Her research brings the insights o f economics to bear on real-world problems, notably ecological issues such as agriculture and conversations surrounding the Alberta oilsands. Additionally, Kits is concerned with the ways in which people o f fa ith interact w ith issues o f justice, and her work attempts to help professionals and non-professionals be tter understand the ir place and role in the complex web o f social and environmental issues facing us today


Corruption has emerged as a significant problem within Australian trade unions over the last decade. The issue leapt into the newspaper headlines in 2011 following the emergence of details of corrupt conduct by senior officials of the Health Services Union ('HSU'). As well as the instituting of various civil and criminal proceedings against those officials, the HSU scandal paved the way for a series of regulatory interventions which are still unfolding at the time of writing. The then Labor Government responded with legislative amendments in 2012 to impose more stringent rules on office-holders of registered organisations in relation to financial management and disclosure. Following the September 2013 election, the new Coalition Government quickly sought to implement its policy commitments to further increase governance and accountability standards for Australian unions. The Fair Work (Registered Organisations) Amendment Bill (Cth) ('FWRO Amendment Bill') was not passed into law for another three years. In the meantime, however, the Coalition established a Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption. Its final report, released in December 2015, provided: a broader evidentiary base for the Government's agenda (including findings of 'widespread' corruption among Australian unions); an endorsement of many of the measures which formed part of the FWRO Amendment Bill; and a blueprint for yet more legislative changes, which the Coalition adopted in its 2016 election policy. A number of those proposals are contained in the Fair Work Amendment (Corrupting Benefits) Bill 2017 (Cth) ('Corrupting Benefits Bill'), now before Parliament.


This large-format book includes full-size, facsimile, colour reproductions of over one hundred manuscript pages by the poet Guillaume Apollinaire, selected, transcribed, dated, introduced and presented by Peter Read. The book provides access to documents which are held in the Bibliotheque nationale de France, the Bibliotheque litteraire Jacques Doucet and private collections in France, Italy, the United States and elsewhere. They include notes and fragments, drafts and completed poems, short stories, art criticism, correspondence, collages, corrected proofs, drawings, picture poems and hand-painted calligrammes, many published here for the first time. Dating from 1895 to 1918, the manuscripts are ordered chronologically, from the poet's beginnings, at the age of 14, through the era of heroic modernism, into the war years, with manuscripts written under fire, in the artillery and then in the front-line trenches, and up to the last year of the poet's life. Following a general Introduction, the book is divided into three sections, each with its own Introduction, and each manuscript is accompanied by an individual commentary, allowing readers to follow the poet's aesthetic development while also providing a historic and biographical narrative, rooted in the poet's work, always at the heart of his creative processes. These are documents of historical and patrimonial significance and the book has been sponsored and funded by the French government's Mission du centenaire de la Premiere Guerre mondiale.


The character of parent material, organic matter and climatic conditions are the crucial factors of pedogenesis. They directly influence the intensity of weathering, transformation processes, elements release and geochemical cycles. The mineral transformation in a profile of the recent soil developed on loess (Haplic Luvisols, Siltic, Epidystric, Ochric) was studied. The land area Litovelské Pomoraví was chosen because of the stability of soil‐forming factors such as topography, relief, vegetation and climate. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) quantitative analysis of the fine earth (<2 mm) and XRD analysis of clay (<2 μm) and the fine clay fraction (<0.2 μm) were applied. The obtained results showed the most significant differences between the argic horizons (Bt1 and Bt2) and other soil horizons. The lower content of quartz and feldspars and higher content of dioctahedral micas and phyllosilicates in both Bt horizons was observed. It was assumed the clay illuviation/lessivage process was preceded by long‐term leaching of carbonate in humid continental conditions during almost the whole Holocene. The distribution of the clay fraction correlates with the distribution of phyllosilicates through the profile. Major clay minerals in the clay fraction (<2 μm) were illite and kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, vermiculite and several types of mixed‐layered phases. The analysis of the finer clay fraction (<0.2 μm) identified the new phase hydroxy‐interlayered minerals as the product of illite (vermiculite) weathering in humid continental conditions.


In this paper, we discuss some recent results and open questions concerning monitoring convergence of iterative simulations. We begin by discussing the various approaches to convergence assessment proposed in the literature, grouping the methods according to their underlying principles. We then discuss how MCMC simulations can be constructed so that convergence monitoring is simpliied. Finally, we discuss some new convergence assessment ideas that are the focus of current work.


A range of mechanical properties of a coating/substrate system may be obtained using indentation tests, and with the emergence of continuously recording indentation testing with nanometre penetration (often called nanoindentation) the mechanical properties of very thin coatings (<1 µm) and surface treated layers may be measured. This paper reviews the deformation mechanisms which occur and the methods for extracting mechanical properties of coatings from nanoindentation load–displacement curves and introduces the differences observed when compared with the testing of bulk materials. The importance of the relative hardness of coating and substrate on the response of the system is highlighted, and the use of energy-based models for the prediction of the performance of single and multilayered systems is discussed.


This paper introduces a digital watermarking method based on mesh simplification.This method embeds the watermark in the simplified mesh.Then through converse manipulation,the embedded simplified mesh is transferred to the mesh with watermark.Experimental results show that the watermarking algorithm is robust on mesh simplification.


In this paper, teaching reading in a communicative way can be interpreted from two different perspectives. Firstly, by doing pairwork, groupwork, role-play and other student-centred activities, students are allowed more freedom to communicate with their peers and the teacher with the aim of developing their collaborative learning and learning abilities. Secondly, teaching materials must be communicative and close to real life, acquiring of which will enable them to survive in an English-speaking environment.


The instability of Rayleigh Benard system in a rarefied gas is investigated by Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method. When the Boussinesq approximation is not valid, it is shown that the on set of the instability is not only determined by the single non dimensional parameter (Rayleigh number) but also the direction of the density gradient.


The invention provides a system for reading fingerprints comprising a sensor (10, 50) having a fingerprint sensitive active surface to the pressure and temperature of a finger (11, 53) and whose surface is much smaller than the surface of the fingerprint (52) to be read, reading is effected when the sensor and the finger are in contact and in a sensor of the relative sliding movement of the finger relative to the other. The system includes means for reconstructing a complete image of the fingerprint from the images (I0, I1, ... In) partial supplied by the sensor during this movement. Application particularly in the authentication devices people.


This paper introduces a new competition theory resource competition theory,which includes R * rule and resource ratio hypothesis.It has been well tested with microorganisms,phytoplankton,plants and zooplankton.The basic building blocks of this theory are the Monod model and the Droop model of competition.These two models can make similar predictions for equilibrium studies.But considerable simplification is achieved using the Monod model.The Droop model can make a better prediction for non equilibrium studies.At last,the future of resource competition theory is prosected.


We investigate the down-hill creep of a layer of granular material on a slope caused by an oscillatory variation of the size of the particles. The material is modeled as an athermal two dimensional polydisperse system of soft disks under the action of gravity. The slope angle is below the critical rest angle and therefore the system reaches an equilibrium configuration under static external conditions. However, under a protocol in which particles slowly change size in a quasistatic oscillatory way the system is observed to creep down in a synchronized way with the oscillation. We measure the creep advance per cycle as a function of the slope angle and the degree of change in particle size. In addition, we consider a situation in which the particle size oscillation amplitude decreases with depth, as it may be argued to occur in the case of a granular soil in an inclined terrain. In this case creep profiles that are maximum at the surface and smoothly vanish with depth are obtained, as it is observed to occur in the field.


Kitchen worktop with drive means for rotating knives and kitchen worktop assembly and kitchen container with rotating blades. The cooking hob (1) comprises a support plate (2) glass or glass ceramic, a drive means for rotating blades (32) comprising a lower disposed magnetic coupling member (5) rotatably below the support plate ( 2) and a drive motor (6) operatively connected to rotate, and means for changing the position (33) to move the lower magnetic coupling member (5) between an operative position in which the lower coupling member magnetic (5) it is sufficiently close to the support plate (2) for magnetically transmitting a torque to a higher magnetic coupling member (54) connected to rotating blades (53) installed in a cooking vessel (50) located on the support plate (2), and an inoperative position in which the lower magnetic coupling member (5) remote from the support plate (2).


To promote higher air quality and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the Californian government is investing heavily in developing public charging infrastructure to meet its electric vehicle adoption goal of five million zero-emission vehicles on the road by 2030. This thesis investigates the effect of public charging infrastructure availability on electric vehicle adoption at the zip code level in California. The analysis considers other factors that may influence electric vehicle adoption such as education level, income, commute time, gas prices, and public transportation rate. The findings suggest that public charging infrastructure availability does significantly positively correlate with electric vehicle registrations. Linear regressions were run using data from the U.S Department of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center, IHS Markit vehicle registration data, and the US Census Bureau. The findings support continued investment in public charging infrastructure as a means of promoting electric vehicle adoption.


Glycine, a nonessential amino-acid that acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is currently used as a dietary supplement to improve the quality of sleep, but its mechanism of action is poorly understood. We confirmed the effects of glycine on sleep/wakefulness behavior in mice when administered peripherally. Glycine administration increased non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep time and decreased the amount and mean episode duration of wakefulness when administered in the dark period. Since peripheral administration of glycine induced fragmentation of sleep/wakefulness states, which is a characteristic of orexin deficiency, we examined the effects of glycine on orexin neurons. The number of Fos-positive orexin neurons markedly decreased after intraperitoneal administration of glycine to mice. To examine whether glycine acts directly on orexin neurons, we examined the effects of glycine on orexin neurons by patch-clamp electrophysiology. Glycine directly induced hyperpolarization and cessation of firing of orexin neurons. These responses were inhibited by a specific glycine receptor antagonist, strychnine. Triple-labeling immunofluorescent analysis showed close apposition of glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2)-immunoreactive glycinergic fibers onto orexin-immunoreactive neurons. Immunoelectron microscopic analysis revealed that GlyT2-immunoreactive terminals made symmetrical synaptic contacts with somata and dendrites of orexin neurons. Double-labeling immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that glycine receptor alpha subunits were localized in the postsynaptic membrane of symmetrical inhibitory synapses on orexin neurons. Considering the importance of glycinergic regulation during REM sleep, our observations suggest that glycine injection might affect the activity of orexin neurons, and that glycinergic inhibition of orexin neurons might play a role in physiological sleep regulation. Citation: Hondo M, Furutani N, Yamasaki M, Watanabe M, Sakurai T (2011) Orexin Neurons Receive Glycinergic Innervations. PLoS ONE 6(9): e25076. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0025076 Editor: Kazutaka Ikeda, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan Received May 18, 2011; Accepted August 25, 2011; Published September 16, 2011 Copyright: 2011 Hondo et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This research was funded in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Research Fellowships of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists, the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan through its ''Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers'', and the Uehara Memorial Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com . These authors contributed equally to this work.


Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks are candidates to play an important role in the context of next generation optical networks. In this thesis, we are interested in adaptive routing and quality of service provisioning for these networks.
In the first part of the thesis, we study the capability of multi-path routing and alternative routing (deflection routing) to improve the performance of the OBS network proactively for the former and reactively for the latter. In this context, we propose a reinforcement learning-based approach where learning agents, placed in each OBS node, cooperate to learn, continuously, optimal routing paths and alternative paths according to the current state of the network. Numerical results show that the proposed approach improves the performance of the OBS network compared to existing solutions in the literature.
In the second part of the thesis, we consider the problem of absolute quality of service provisioning for OBS networks where worst-case performance of high priority traffic is guaranteed quantitatively. Particularly, we are interested in the loss-free transmission, inside the OBS network, of high priority bursts, while preserving statistical multiplexing gain and high resources utilization of the OBS network. Also, we aim to improve the performance of best effort traffic. Hence, we propose two approaches: (a) the node-based approach; and (b) the path-based approach. In the node-based approach, we propose to assign a set of wavelengths to each OBS edge node that it can use to send its guaranteed traffic. This assignment takes into consideration physical distances between edge nodes. Furthermore, we propose a wavelength selection algorithm to improve the performance of best effort bursts. In the path-based approach, absolute quality of service provisioning is offered at end-to-end path level. To do this, we propose a routing and wavelength assignment approach which aims to reduce the number of wavelengths required to establish contention free paths. Nevertheless, if this objective cannot be reached because of the limited number of wavelengths in each fiber link, we propose an approach to synchronize overlapping paths without the need for additional equipments for synchronization. Here again, we propose a wavelength selection algorithm for best effort bursts. Numerical results show that both the node-based and the path-based approaches successfully provide absolute quality of service provisioning for guaranteed traffic and improve the performance of best effort traffic. Also, path-based approach could accommodate more guaranteed traffic and improve the performance of best effort traffic compared to node-based approach when the number of wavelengths is sufficient.
Keywords : Optical Burst Switching (OBS); Routing; Wavelength assignment; Wavelength Selection; Reinforcement learning; Combinatorial optimization; Tabu search.


M&A has become one of the most important strategies of a business expansion and development. How to set a reasonable and accurate price on the target company is the key point of success. Because of asymmetric information, fixing a proper price of the target company is not only need to analyze the financial situation but also depend on the ability of negotiation and accurately decision. The article main to explore multiple acquisitions existed in one M&A, how to use the model of bid auction game so as to set a proper price on the target company.


Optically pure 3-benzyl-4-hydroxymethyl-2-oxazolidinone and 4-benzoyloxymethyl-2-oxazolidinone as chiral serinol synthons were synthesized from optically active glycidol by intramolecular cyclization via 2,3-epoxycarbamates with strict SN2 behavior.


There has been an increasing interest of unmanned vehicles keeping the importance of defense and security. A few models for a convoy of unmanned vehicle exist in literature. The objective of this paper is to exploit agent based modeling technique for a convoy of unmanned vehicles where each vehicle is an agent. Using this approach, the convoy of vehicles reaches a specified goal from a starting point. Each agent is associated with number of sensors. The agents make intelligent decisions based on sensor inputs and at the same time maintaining their group capability and behavior. The simulation is done for a battlefield environment from a single starting point to a single goal. This approach can be extended for multiple starting points to reach multiple goals. The simulation gives the time taken by the convoy to reach a goal from its initial position. In the battlefield environment, commanders make various tactical decisions depending upon the location of an enemy outpost, minefields, number of soldiers in platoons, and barriers. The simulation can help the commander to make effective decisions depending on battlefield, convoy and obstacles to reach a particular goal. The paper describes the proposed approach and gives the simulation results. The paper also gives problems for future research in this area.


The author, Mr. GU Changsheng, has a Seventh-Day Adventist Church background that goes back to his middle-school days. After teaching history in a SDA middle school in Shanghai for a year in 1946, Mr. GU entered the editorial department of thesigns ofthe Times publishing house where he worked for four years as translator, co-editor and editor. From 1951-56 Mr. GU was the SecretaryGeneral of the SDA, China Conference. After 1956 GU Changsheng began serving in a non-church capacity as a librarian in the Shanghai Foreign Languages College and the History Institute of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences. For two years (1957-59) he studied library science through correspondence with Peking University. Throughout this period he did translation and editing which contributed to works on such topics as the Shanghai Small Sword Society (1958), The English Invasion of the Yangtze during the Opium War (1959), Selected Materials on the May Fourth Movement in Shanghai (1960), Selected Materiqls on the May ~


The fatty acid details of 2 species of Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta, and 5 species of Phaeophyta were elucidated by open-tubular gas-liquid chromatography. These algae contained a small amount of the unusual 5-olefinic acids such as 5-20:1, 5, 11-20:2, 5, 13-20:2, 5, 11, 14-20:3, and 5, 11, 14, 17-20:4 ( ?? 0.3%). The main 5-olefinic acids in sea urchin lipids such as 5-20:1, 5, 11-20:2 and 5, 13-20:2 were hardly seen in algal lipids. Therefore, it is assumed that these 5-olefinic acids in sea urchin lipids are not incorporated from algae as foods of sea urchin, but synthesized in sea urchins. The unusual 7-olefinic acids (7, 13-22:2 and 7, 15-22:2) formed by C2 elongation of 5, 11-20:2 and 5, 13-20:2 were also found in some algae slightly ( ?? 0.1%). Chlorophyta contained high levels of C16 (15.9-30.4%) and C18 (38.0-52.5%) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and 22:5 (n-3) (2.0-6.0%). The major fatty acid components of Phaeophyta were C18 (15.4-44.0%) and C20 (11.5-33.5%) PUFA. Rhodophyta contained high levels of 20:4 (n-6) and 20:5 (n-3). The sums of these fatty acids in this class were more than 50%.


A continuous and batch system to produce cellulose, native lignin and unicellular protein from any form of vegetation in a closed process. The biomass is mixed in the impregnate solution of nitric acid and/or ammonium hydroxide and water. After a period of time at room temperature and atmospheric pressure the chemical solution is recycled. The biomass is moved to the reactor and heated. Evaporated impregnate is recovered via absorption tower and recycled back to chemical solution. The biomass is moved to an alkaline solution, then cooled to separate pulp from black liquor. The black liquor is pumped to a separation tank and is treated to precipitate lignin. The solution is filtered to separate sweet liquor and lignin. The lignin is dried and the sweet liquor is fermented to produce unicellular protein.


This paper presents a comparison of the deformations and residual stresses in gear wheels after vacuum carburizing process with quenching in high-pressure nitrogen and oil. The comparison was made on a medium-sized gear wheels, made of AMS6265 (AISI 9310) steel. This steel is applied in the aerospace industry for gears. The study has provided grounds for an assessment of the effect of the method of quenching on the size of deformations. Compared to oil quenching, high-pressure gas quenching following vacuum carburizing resulted in more uniform and smaller deformations.


Trust prediction between users in social network based on the trust propagation assumes properties of transitivity and composability of trust propagation. But it has been hard to find studies which test on how those properties have been operated in real social network. This study aims to validate if the longer the distance of trust paths and the less the numbers of trust paths, the higher prediction error occurs using two real social network data set. As a result, the longer the distance of trust paths, we can find higher prediction error when predicting level of trust between source and target users. But we can not find decreasing trend of prediction error though the possible number of trust paths between source and target users increases.


In the acoustical engineering such as sonar technique, it is often necessary to take away periodic waves from reflecting signals. The designed moving target indicator can carry away periodic signals with simple curcuits. Only the signals of moving targets are taken out and especially would not disappear for a certain time after the stop of these movements. This time can be controlled by setting the value of a regulator of this circuits. This indicator has two memories in its circuits. The reflecting signals were stored repeatedly in these memories with particular ratios in a pile, respectively. The output of this indicator is taken out from the calculator in which the value of the function of a stored signal is successively divided by another one. Some experiments were performed in the air at the frequency of 40 kHz so as to verify the validity of the theory. In these experiments, the results qualitatively agree with the theory.


Image super-resolution and deblurring are two highly ill-posed problems that are usually dealt separately. However, real-world images are often low-resolution and have complex blurring. In this paper, non-uniform motion blur and super-resolution task are combined to reconstruct a clear high-resolution image directly from the blurred low-resolution input. We propose a two-branch network based on convolutional neural network(CNN) to reconstruct images, which mainly include super-resolution module and deblurring module. In addition, we use novel loss functions to generate more realistic images. Experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can reconstruct sharper high-resolution images than other state-of-the-art algorithms, and the proposed model is lightweight, requiring a low computational cost.


Thinking ability is an important part of comprehensive quality and an important focus of modern higher education. In English teaching, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of students' critical thinking ability. Although remarkable progress has been made in College English teaching in the new era, there are a series of fundamental problems in the ways and means of College English teaching. The most important is that the current teaching system lacks the ability to train students to adapt to society. There are still many problems in the process of students learning English, which hinders the effectiveness of teaching. Although some students have good grades in English, they have a lot of English vocabulary. This paper explores the new mode of college English teaching, and cultivates the core from the perspective of speculative ability training. Explore the new model construction approach based on summarizing the value of speculative ability, and explore the corresponding training mode.


Introduction: Sedentary lifestyle has been associated with many chronic conditions and is recognized as a leading cause of total mortality. Regular physical activity can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and osteoporosis and increase fitness, balance, muscle strength, and improve psychological function and self-satisfaction. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the physical activity level among employees working at the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran to find any relationship between physical activity level and job satisfaction, which is crucial for professional success and productivity.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 administrative staff members were randomly selected in the proportion of their numbers from various deputies, faculties, hospitals, health networks, and centers of the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences using multistage sampling. The subjects were selected from both male and female employees. The data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Visoki, and Chrome's Job Satisfaction Questionnaire.

Findings: Mean and standard deviation of physical activity of employees were 3021.83 and 2688.65 MET-minutes/week, respectively. The average was slightly higher than the moderate level of physical activity according to IPAQ. The average and standard deviation of job satisfaction of workers were 112.36 and 26.16, respectively, which were relatively good. Physical activity and job satisfaction of female workers were higher than those of their male colleagues (P= 0.019, P= 0.036 respectively). A significant difference was observed between the level of physical activity of workers and their job satisfaction as workers with higher levels of physical activity had more job satisfaction (P< 0.001).

Conclusion: Regarding the significant relationship between physical activity and job satisfaction, physical activity and exercise of employees in the workplace are crucial. Future prospective studies can validate this association.


Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven hooved animals, caused by Aphthovirus of Picornaviridae family, and is characterized by fever, vesicles on the feet, mouth and udder and mortality in young ones with the morbidity upto 100% (Woodbury, 1995; Salt et al., 1996; OIE, 2007), and rare mortality in adult animals. Although, mortality rate may be as high as 50% (Bachrach, 1977; Donaldson et al., 1984; Mckercher et al., 1985; Woodbury, 1995), when the virus replicates in the heart muscles of younger animals (Gulbahar et al., 2007). FMD is endemic in India and occurs all over the country throughout the year. There are 7 immunologically distinct serotypes viz., O, A, C, Asia-1, SAT-1, SAT-2 and SAT-3 and more than 60 subtypes. Out of these, type O is most prevalent in India, followed by type Asia-1 and type A. Type C is least prevalent and has not been reported since 1995.


Disclosed are an insulating sheet of a heterogeneous laminated structure including a graphene sheet and a hexagonal boron nitride sheet and a manufacturing method thereof. The insulating sheet of the heterogeneous laminated structure can be applied to various electric devices including a transistor because it includes the hexagonal boron nitride sheet with a high surface feature on the graphene sheet with a large area. An electron mobility feature can be dramatically improved when an electric field effect transistor is formed with a graphene channel layer using the insulating sheet as a substrate.


It was reported by Jon Cohen (Research News, [27 Sept., p. 1797][1]) that, according to some members of the involved studies, Stephen O'Brien did not contact them before initiating the analysis for the manuscript "Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene" (M. Dean et al ., Reports, [27 Sept., p. 1856][2]). Investigators from some of the studies are reported to have been in the process of forming collaborations with others to engage in the analysis completed by O'Brien's group.

For the past 8 years, O'Brien has been a member of the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS). While his laboratory is the specimen-processing unit and repository for the study, the primary role of his genetics group is one of scientific collaboration, not service laboratory. Samples and clinical data have been provided to O'Brien for the express purpose of conducting investigations such as that of the report in question. O'Brien contacted representatives of the HGDS to notify us that he was proceeding with the analysis well in advance of distributing a first draft of the manuscript. Subsequently, a further two drafts were received for comment, criticism, and approval before submission.

In view of the criticism expressed by those quoted in Cohen's article, we believe it necessary to state clearly and unequivocally that O'Brien and his group have at all times shown the highest ethical standards and scientific rigor in the conduct of analysis and reporting of this research.

 [1]: /lookup/volpage/274/1797
 [2]: /lookup/volpage/274/1856


For a probability P in $R^d$ its center outward distribution function $F_{\pm}$, introduced in Chernozhukov et al. (2017) and Hallin et al. (2021), is a new and successful concept of multivariate distribution function based on mass transportation theory. This work proves, for a probability P with density locally bounded away from zero and infinity in its support, the continuity of the center-outward map on the interior of the support of P and the continuity of its inverse, the quantile, $Q_{\pm}$. This relaxes the convexity assumption in del Barrio et al. (2020). Some important consequences of this continuity are Glivenko-Cantelli type theorems and characterisation of weak convergence by the stability of the center-outward map.


A reconfigurable robot society built from scratch with LEGO Mindstorms was presented at the IJCAI 2009. This paper describes the robots as well as the algorithms developed over the last few months. A leader selection as well as a formation for area coverage algorithm were tested and presented at the conference. For localization a birds-eye-view camera system based on reacTIvision fiducial markers is used.


In the context of surface modeling, fuzzy B-splines are proposed as an integrated approach to uncertainty coding and data reduction. Fuzzy B-splines are suitable for representing and simplifying both crisp and imprecise surface data and support interrogation of the model at different presumption levels. A high degree of compression can be achieved through a procedure that defines the most significant representative among spatially clustered points. Experimental results are shown to prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Metal oxide thin films have been used in thin film solar cells and other solar energy applications for many years. The concern has been to improve their physical, electrical and optical properties in order to increase their efficiency and lower their production costs. Zinc oxide doped with aluminium (ZnO:Al) and aluminium oxide doped with zinc (Al2O3:Zn) thin films have been produced by a spray pyrolysis process onto standard microscope glass slides at different substrate temperatures and for different solution concentrations, spray times and pressure. The main objective was to produce single, double and triple layer thin films and characterized them for their optical, electrical and structural properties. The spectral selectiveness of these oxide thin films and their applicability in producing efficient solar cells has been investigated. Optical measurements in the ultraviolet, visible near infrared and infrared ranges have been performed in spectrophotometers in the NIR-VIS and infrared. Structural characterization has been performed using the Atomic Force Microscope and the Tencor Alpha Step IQ Profiler. The four-point resistance square probe was used for electrical characterization. The transmittance, reflectance, thickness and the film resistance have been experimentally obtained. The solar transmittance of 88 percent has been achieved for Aldoped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) films whereas 71.94 per cent has been obtained for Zn-doped aluminium oxide (Al2O3:Zn). The film thicknesses fall in the range 0.14 87.7 μm. The wavelength-dependent refractive index of the films has been evaluated from reflectance and transmittance measurements. The refractive indices ranged from 1.28 to 2.0 for the probed wavelength range. The properties of these thin films have been modelled using the Bruggemann and Maxwell-Garnett effective medium theories. The film resistivity values of 2.43 x 10m -11.80 x 10m have been achieved. These film properties have been related to applications in thin film solar cells.


Peritoneal macrophages from germfree mice showed a higher basic activity of lysosomal enzymes than did macrophages from conventional mice, whereas oil-induced peritoneal influx, induction of lysosomal enzymes, and phagocytosis via the C3b receptor after endotoxin stimulation were reduced or absent. After germfree mice had been housed with conventional mice for 1 week, peritoneal influx and C3b receptor-mediated phagocytosis reached normal levels; after 4 weeks, enzyme activities also reached normal levels.


The hybrid finite-discrete element method Y-2D/3D IDE is applied to model the dynamic fracture of rock specimens with various geometries during impacting a fixed rigid surface. It is found that the modelled primary fractures are highly dependent on the rock geometry determining the weakest plane for a given impact, which agrees well with others' experimental and SPH numerical results. Compared with others' SPH results, Y-2D/3D IDE better simulates the actinomorphic pattern of primary fractures around the impact area and the secondary & tertiary fractures observed in the dynamic fracture experiments. It is concluded that the proposed Y-2D/3D IDE is a valuable tool to model rock dynamic fracture compared with FEM and DEM.


Various methods to introduce alternate paths in multistage interconnection networks to make them more fault tolerant are discussed. Redundant networks such as IADM, IADM with half links, gamma network, extra stage cube network and f-network are described with reference to the number of alternative paths, nature of paths, routing algorithm and their capabilities to survive under single and multiple fault conditions. Comparative merits and demerits in terms of hardware, complexity of routing algorithms and improvements in fault tolerance are discussed. 18 references.


Abstract Arriving in Nagano, Japan, in the summer of 1855 as part of a seven-nation goodwill tour sponsored by the U.S. State Department, acclaimed Southern novelist William Faulkner was astonished by the reception he received. Though he had been writing for thirty years, Faulkner's work attracted little att.... DOI 10.31390/cwbr.17.3.04 Recommended Citation Taylor, Michael (2015) "Civil War Treasures: North, South, Far East: The Civil War Through Japanese Eyes," Civil War Book Review: Vol. 17 : Iss. 3 . DOI: 10.31390/cwbr.17.3.04 Available at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr/vol17/iss3/4  Download


Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a debilitating chronic condition with a lifetime prevalence of 4–7% worldwide. Both diet and gut microbiota have been previously associated with anxiety.

 To investigate whether bacterial taxa and/or nutrients associate with GAD, and whether they differ from those of healthy controls (HC).

 Patients with GAD (n=82) and matched HC (n=97) were assessed by validated questionnaires for anxiety (DASS-21), gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (Rome III, Short-Form Leeds Dyspepsia), and dietary profiles by the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies. We quantified several blood and stool biomarkers, including inflammatory and neuroactive metabolites, as well as short-chain fatty acids. Stool microbiota profiles were assessed by16S rRNA gene sequencing through Illumina. The data was then analyzed following the pipelines of dada2 and by multiple factor analysis (MFA), mean comparisons, correlation, LEfSe and XGBoost using R software (v.1.2.1335). Multiple comparison results were corrected allowing 5% of FDR.

 Using MFA to analyze all variables, we identified 3 clusters: one mainly composed of HC (n=99, 91% HC, GI symptoms in 25% of subjects), a second mixed cluster (n=30, 80% GAD, GI symptoms in 80%) and a third cluster mainly composed of GAD patients (n=50, 98% GAD, GI symptoms in 86%). When focusing only on the HCs of cluster 1 (n=90) and GADs of cluster 3 (n=49), we found higher GI symptoms, body mass index, serum C-reactive protein and stool calprotectin levels (adj. p=1.3x10-9, 0.001, 0.017 and 0.017, respectively) and lower concentrations of propionate, butyrate and acetate in GAD compared to HC. GADs also reported overall lower caloric intake (kJ/day; adj. p=1.7x10-4) in the food frequency questionnaire. Fibre (g/day) was the macronutrient most negatively associated with anxiety scores (R=-0.44; adj. p=4.2x10-5). Bacteroides was the only bacterial taxon significantly associated with GAD, as well as with anxiety scores (R=0.31, adj. p=0.003). Interestingly, Bacteroides/fiber ratio was strongly correlated to anxiety scores (R=0.58, adj. p=2.7x10-09). Furthermore, demographic, biomarkers and bacterial taxa data were predictive of the patients' disease state with 92.8% accuracy. The features that aid the model to predict disease state were Bacteroides/fiber ratio, GI symptoms and stool acetate levels.

 Our results suggest that most GAD patients differ in dietary and microbiota profiles from HCs, and that the Bacteroides/fiber ratio, stool acetate and GI symptoms might be good predictors of disease state. Furthermore, these data strongly support the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in genesis of psychiatric diseases, and they will inform mechanistic studies in gnotobiotic mouse models.

 NIH


In this paper, the results of a finite element analysis are carried out on new stator geometry of a three phase longitudinal flux Linear Switched Reluctance Motor (LSRM). In the new geometry, pole shoes are affixed to the stator poles. Static and dynamic characteristics for the proposed structure have been highlighted. Motor performance for variable load conditions is discussed. The 2-Dimensional (2-D) finite element analysis (FEA) and the experimental results of this paper prove that LSRMs are one of the strong candidates for linear propulsion drive


This study tested the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in conjunction with two sets of variables from the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) and the Subjective Exercise Experience Scale (SEES) to predict exercise behaviour. This study included 454 participants who exercised in a fitness centre. We collected measures of the TPB (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and intention), HAPA (planning), and SEE (positive well-being, psychological distress, and fatigue) and assessed exercise behaviour at a three-month follow-up. Structural equation modelling found partial support for the TPB model (explaining 10% of the variance in exercise behaviour) and adequate fit indices for an adjusted model of the TPB that includes a positive well-being dimension (explaining 11% of the variance in exercise behaviour). In sum, the original TPB partially predicts exercise behaviour; when considered together with other predictors, limited evidence was found for its utility in explaining exercise behaviour.


Using the matching asymptotic expansion method,a class of nonlinear singularly perturbed boundary value problems on an infinite long region is studied,and the uniformly valid asymptotic expansion with the first order for the solution is given.First solving the outer expansion,and then solving interior expansion with the contraction transformation.Using the generalized integral and Taylor expansion,the internal expansion and the outer one are matched,and the uniformly valid compound expansion is obtained.Through studying this class of new nonlinear problems on the infinite long region,the studied range of the similar problems is expanded.And it is provided with a reference for the research on the related singularly perturbed problems.


In recent years, a great number of applications in Internet of Things (IoT) have been developed. In this context, many methodologies and technologies are used for several frameworks, including indoor localization. In this field, as highlighted in recent years, one of the most important aims of modern indoor applications in IoT is to identify how to manage and correctly convey people flow. This study aims to investigate the most common methods, technologies and applications for indoor localization in IoT and analyze the major systems currently in use and the application of these solutions to actual conditions. Following this, we propose an innovative method to detect people flow in indoor location. Based on Bluetooth low energy (BLE) technology, in this paper we analyze the possibility to use our system for many kinds of applications. The first experimental results show good performance of our system.


We have studied the structure, electrical resistance, mechanical properties and thermal stability of cold rolled sheets of pure aluminium (99.99 %) and 3 alloys: Al–0.64%Zr, Al–0.3%Sc, and Al–0.24%Zr–0.1%Sc (wt. %). Foundry flat ingots (thickness of 15 mm) were rolled in two variants: (1) without any intermediary annealing (designated as F), (2) using an intermediary annealing (designated as T) . Sheets (final thickness of 0.7 mm) were annealed at 300 °С and held for 1 up to 500 h. To calculate the liquidus temperatures, the solubilities of Zr and Sc in aluminium solid solution-(Al) and volume fractions of L12 nanoparticles (Al3Zr, Al3Sc and Al3(Zr,Sc)), we used Thermo-Calc software. It was found that all 3 alloys have the unrecrystallized structure after annealing (including 500 h holding). The size of subgrains is about 1 μm while the average size of L12 precipitates doesn't exceed 10-15 nm. The value of combination of various properties was estimated using the desirability function (D), which makes it possible to change characteristics with different dimensions into dimensionless values within the range of 0 to 1. The obtained results show that D strongly depends on the concentration of Zr and Sc in (Al) and on the process flow for fabrication of sheets. It was shown that the alloy Al–0.24%Zr–0.1%Sc (in T temper) has the best value of D comparing with binary alloys and pure aluminium.


Abstract : The paper is concerned with the Pade table constructed from a series Summation, s = 0 to s = infinity, of ((-1) to the s power (c subscript s) (z superscript s)) whose coefficients are given by c subscript s = the integral from 0 to infinity of the quantity (u to the s power) d psi (u), where psi (u) is a bounded non-decreasing function in 0 = or < u = or < infinity. It is shown that under certain conditions, when z is real and positive, the Pade quotients along both forward and backward diagonals from monotonic sequences; an optimal property of the quotients lying upon the principal diagonal is proved. Some new convergence results are derived. The Pade quotients are compared with the transformed sums produced by certain linear methods. (Author)


Abstract : This report contains project summaries of the research projects in the Interdisciplinary Academic Groups: Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence; Information Systems; Information Warfare; Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation; Space Systems; Special Operations; and Undersea Warfare. A list of recent publications is also included, which consists of conference presentations and publications, books, contributions to books, published journal papers, and technical reports. Thesis abstracts of students advised of an interdisciplinary nature are also included.


Cancer cells have an altered metabolism that provides advantages to support unregulated growth and higher duplication rates. Among these critical changes, energy generation through aerobic glycolysis as well as increased glutamine catabolism, are essential components associated with altered levels of specific metabolites. Up-regulation of lipid metabolism also occurs frequently in cancer cells. Increased fatty-acid biosynthesis as well as their elongation are among recognized events that define cancer cells. Not surprisingly, the CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine pathways responsible for the generation of membrane phospholipids is a major alteration frequently found in human tumours. Choline kinase α (ChoKα) plays a critical role in this latter metabolic route and is the focus of a targeted therapeutic strategy. Small molecule inhibitors of this enzyme are effective and selective anticancer drugs that have recently entered clinical trials. More recently, ChoKα inhibitors have been proposed as a novel therapeutic approach against malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, the evidence that support the use of ChoKα as a novel drug target for precision medicine approaches is discussed.


In this work, supported polyimide-siloxane hybrid membranes containing different percentages of silica were successfully prepared from pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APrTMOS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) by polycondensation, imidisation and sol-gel reaction. Membranes were coated on supports by spin coating method and the film thickness was 1-3 μm. The molecular structure and thermal performance of these membranes were characterized by using Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the quality of coatings. The results indicated the presence of imide and Si-O-Si bonds in the sample. Weight loss of the hybrid polyimide membrane was reduced 29% compared to the pure polyimide. No defects or cracks were observed on the substrate/coating interface.


Annotation. Purpose: examine the effectiveness of the training method of differential approach to the choice of means of influence on the action of law enforcers opponent with different levels of aggressiveness. Material: the experiment involved 15 students of the Kyiv National Academy of Internal Affairs and the 15 employees of the State Guard of Ukraine. Results: presented curriculum for special physical and tactical training. The program details the conceptual apparatus of THREATS and DANGERS manifestations of different levels of aggressiveness opponent (case analysis of its motor behavior). The study participants underwent 7 day course focused training. The basis of the course is an advanced theoretical base. The base is aimed at developing knowledge and skills of employees in determining the level of danger. Including threats from testing and modeling episodes of extreme situations the options cadets. Conclusions: In the simulated collision situations with aggressive opponent to the students significantly improved the adequacy of the response to the threat of execution time and within the legal grounds. Recognition was determined by the level of aggressiveness manifest manners enemy, his emotions, motivation, motor behavior, positional arrangement for 2 - 3 seconds. The program contributed to the development of qualities: attention, orientation, perception, motor lead.


Background: Prostate cancer awareness is increasing day by day, especially in the USA and western world. Before PSA period, up to 27% of prostate cancers were detected incidentally in the TURP chips done for BPH. The Incidental diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients treated for BPH by a transurethral prostate resection is seen in 1.4-16.7% of patients, but it's incidence is decreasing due to the use of Serum PSA testing. Nevertheless, some patients are still diagnosed with incidental prostate cancer. However, incidentally detected carcinoma prostate has been reported to vary across the globe since various factors can influence the identification of this malignancy in TURP specimens. In this study, we concentrated on rates of incidentally detected prostate cancer in TURP chips done for BPH in our hospital. Materials and methods: This retrospective study of histopathological findings of TURP chips was conducted for patients undergoing TURP from 2010. The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with BPH, DRE showing no abnormal hard areas and age adjusted PSA value is normal. Patients with elevated PSA, abnormal DRE, documented urinary tract infection and proved Adenocarcinoma Prostate (CaP) were excluded from the study. The age of the patients, clinical diagnosis, occurrence of carcinoma of prostate in the TURP chips and Gleason's scores were recorded. Results: A total of 263 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were studied. The incidence of CaP in the study group was 5.3 % (14/263). 10 (71.4 %) patients were aged ³65 years or older had maximum incidence of CaP. Conclusions: The rate of incidentally detected adenocarcinoma prostate in patients undergoing TURP for clinically diagnosed BPH was found to be only 5.3 % in our study, which is low when compared with similar studies done elsewhere in the world.
JCMCTA 2017 ; 28 (2) : 16-20


Since the approval of Spain's 2012 National Budget on March 30, 2012, some doubts and controversies have added up to many fears in the private sector regarding the measures and stimuli that the Spanish government was going to undertake. At the same time, this situation was in some measure aggravated by the financial backlog of many small and medium companies, which are and will continue, in the following years to be completely unable to comply with their financial requirements. In line with Boronat Ombuena's (2009a, 2009b, 2010, 2012) requirements in his new approach to finance and private sector liaisons, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the recent years of the credit sector in Spain as well as its direct and mid-term effects that its mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have contributed up to date, and will still produce in the near future. We will take a closer look at the evolution of the banking sector in Spain from 1995 to 2012 through a historically-based methodology, compiling and synthesizing the existing financial and risk market information and analyzing its evolution. We shall observe that in a single year, the total number of savings banks in Spain decreased from 45 to only 15 entities and that the risks the financial system took over these last few years were not equally distributed across the entities, resulting in an advanced foreclosure of the regional savings banks and in a market-share growth for the commercial banking entities. This process has resulted in creating larger entities and, in some cases, a vacuum of regional and local credit entities that in the mid-long term will eventually end up in a representative loss on credit availability. These circumstances call into question the need for a paradigm change and most importantly, new approaches to solve the new challenges that can result in the financial fluidity of the system and the eventual recovery of the economic structure.


Abstract We present here an approach for handling null queries that contain compound attributes derived from fuzzy data. Null queries are queries that elicit a null answer from the database. Compound attributes are ambiguous attributes that are not defined in the original database schema but can be derived from multiple rigid attributes in schema. Compound attributes derived from simple numbers were studied by Nomura etc[8]. In [9,10], we extended the compound attributes to be derived from numbers, interval values, and scalars under a unified approach. In this work, we further extend compound attributes so that they can be derived from fuzzy sets of numbers, interval values, and scalars. Database management systems that can handle this type of ambiguous attributes in null queries not only can reduce the occurrences of null answers but also provide an improved user-friendly query environment.


ABSTRACT
With documented high specificity, 99mTc-pyrophosphate (PYP) scan enables the diagnosis of transthyretin cardiomyopathy to be made reliably without endomyocardial biopsy in patients who do not have monoclonal gammopathy. We report a case with extensive myocardial uptake of Perugini 3 score in the 3-hour 99mTc-PYP myocardial SPECT that suggested transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. However, a followed endomyocardial biopsy revealed no amyloid deposition. In this case, hyperphosphatemia was the most likely and presumptive cause of the false-positive 99mTc-PYP scan. With this case, our experiences of the potential causes of false-positive results of 99mTc-PYP are further expanded.


By demonstrating the role of marine organisms in the
formation and composition of deep-sea mineral resources,
the aim of this poster is to demonstrate that legal definitions
can sometimes be relatively simplistic and limited.
Considering that on the deep seafloor, the meaning of legal
terms can determine the applicable legal regime, this study
represents an important aspect of academic legal research.
The overall goal is to introduce the interpretation
methodology that will be used in the author's PhD research
project on the legal framework of deep-sea mining.


Based on the conventional forward converter, the transformer's magnetizing inductance is made small, and a reset winding of the transformer is moved to the secondary side, and furthermore, the anode terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to a different point. Then a novel topology of DC-DC converter is proposed, and its power efficiency is predicted to be improved. This converter has both operations of forward and flyback manners, and both of two diodes in the output side are maintained to be ON for a portion of the switching period. This operation results in the reduction of current ripple in the output inductor. Furthermore this novel converter is confirmed to have a prominent feature such as the reduction of withstand voltage for the main switch. As a result, this converter obtains a higher efficiency over the conventional forward converter. This paper describes its basic operation, and analyzes the steady-state characteristics by means of the extended state-space averaging method. The analytical results are confirmed experimentally, and a high efficiency of 94% was obtained for the input voltage of 140V and the output load of 18V and 4A.


Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was used for treatment of mixed domestic and industrial wastewater, in order to study the removal efficiency of organic matters and investigate the influence of volumetric loading, carrier volumetric ratio, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the treatment effect. It is observed that under the conditions that carrier volumetric ratio is 60%, HRT in single reactor is 6 h, and volumetric loading is 4.0-5.0 kgCOD/(m~3·d), MBBR operates steadily with good effect, and the effluent COD is 60 mg/L in average, with removal rate more than 90%.


The electrical conduction of dry and normal cork (ambient RH) has been investigated in the temperature range from –100 to 105 0 C. Samples of 3 mm in thickness were deliberately used in order to be possible to measure the bulk properties of the material including bulk DC conductivity and water diffusion. Additional results were obtained using isothermal charging and discharging currents, thermally stimulated discharging currents and dielectric relaxation measurements. The diffusion coefficient for water is about 6.8 x 10 -13 m 2 s -1 and the intrinsic electrical conductivity at 25 °C is 2.9 x 10 -14 S m -1 .


After the establishment of messenger-exchange between the two dynasties of Liao and Song in 974 A.D,the ceremony and propriety system of exchanging messengers in the Spring Festival and birthday was first established.This ensured their friendly relationship between the two dynasties and strengthened their further contacts,moreover,developed the pattern peaceful equal contacts and communication.


Jacalin. a D‐galaetose‐specific lectin from jackfruit, interacts with human IgA and one or two other serum proteins. Incubation ol jaealin with fresh human serum was shown to result in activation of the complement system. Therefore the mechanism of complement activation by jacalin was studied. Jacalin was extracted from jackfruit seeds (crude preparation) and purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatogtaphy on lgA‐Sepharose to yield a pure preparation of jacatin. Both crude and pure Jacalin were able to activate complement, accompanied by conversion of C3. Consumption of C1, C4 and C1 ‐inacuvator(Cl ‐In) indicated involvement of the classical pathway. Aggregated IgG (AlgGl caused partial (38%) and jacalin induced complete consumption of Cl ‐ln functional activity, It was found upon Ouchterlony analysis that jacalin forms a precipitalien line with purified Cl ‐In. In addition binding of 125I‐C1 ‐In to jacalin‐Scpharose was observed, and this binding was inhibitable by either secretory IgA or D‐galactose. Next to binding of jacalin to Cl ‐In. jacalin was also shown to inhibit the functional activity of Cl ‐In. These results indicate that jacalin induces complement activation by inhibition of Cl ‐In function and thereby facilitates the activation of precursor Cl in either the absence or presence of low amounts of Cl aetivators.


AGAMBEN AND DERRIDA In December 2004, just two months after the death of Jacques Derrida, a special issue of the on-line journal Contretemps devoted itself to the work of Giorgio Agamben. The publication of such volumes reflects the fact that Agamben's reputation and influence as a philosopher of language and contemporary politics has risen sharply in recent years, particularly in terms of his reception in the Anglo-American world. For many, Agamben's spellbinding readings of Benjamin, Schmitt, Heidegger, Arendt, Foucault and others, as well as his distinctive reinterpretation of the biopolitical, the camp, sovereignty, law, and the potentiality of community, have helped renew the 'theoretical' project, amid widespread rumours of its irreversible demise. In short, Agamben has emerged as a leading European critical figure, seemingly able to rethink and reconfigure the entire terrain of twentieth-century critical thought in terms of an intellectual project that sets itself no less of a task than responding to the most pressing contemporary realities. Agamben himself chose to contribute an essay to this particular edition of Contretemps, titled simply 'Friendship'. (1) While the piece must surely have been written before news broke of Derrida's passing, the essay itself constituted another in a series of critical engagements on Agamben's part with Derrida's thought, this time via a number of references to Politics of Friendship. Going right back to some of his earliest publications, Agamben's critical 'relations' with deconstruction have proved themselves to be indispensable to the elaboration of his own philosophical project, both in the realms of Agamben's philosophy of language and his political thought. For example, he closes his early work Stanzas, first published in Italian in 1977, with a description of deconstruction as a 'grammatological project' which 'effects a salutary critique of the metaphysical inheritance that has crystallized in the notion of the sign' but which fails to succeed in 'accomplishing that "step-backwards-beyond" metaphysics' itself. (2) Here, in contrast to the apparently more prudent Heidegger, Derrida is presented as rash in his claims about what the deconstruction of metaphysics might achieve. Thus, if 'the origin of Western metaphysics' is, for Agamben, exposed in and by the fact 'that presence be always already caught in a signification' nevertheless 'placing writing and the trace in an initial position means putting the emphasis on this original experience, but not transcending it'. (3) 'The metaphysics of writing and of the signifier is but the reverse face of the metaphysics of the signified and the voice, and not, surely, its transcendence' Agamben writes, in the process reducing the deconstructive project to that of a simple reversal of the hierarchical binaries of Western metaphysics - doubtless, for many, a gesture on Agamben's part which remains far removed from any possibility of 'transcendence' over or unproblematic return to that very same metaphysics. In several other texts, meanwhile, one almost feels that the entire momentum of Agamben's critical re-elaborations of virtually the whole field of post-Enlightenment thought, not to mention his fascinating re-encounters with medieval texts and philosophy, builds ultimately towards a critique of deconstruction. Or, perhaps even more significantly, that the readings and arguments found in Agamben's writings aim to culminate in an insistence that the era of deconstruction ('the prestige of deconstruction in our time' (4) as Agamben puts it in Homo Sacer) must necessarily draw to a close. For instance, in Homo Sacer, perhaps the single best known text by him in terms of its reception in the Anglo-American world, Agamben dwells on the disputed reading of Kafka's 'Before the Law' found in the correspondence between Benjamin and Scholem. (We'll come back to Kafka's text and its contested critical reception a little later on. …


Insulation displacement connector (IDC) is provided with upper and lower ends, a displacement area leading to these upper and lower ends, the. Each of upper and lower ends is provided with a slot configured to receive a conductor, the slot is disposed substantially parallel to extend, and as not aligned on the same line. IDC of this configuration is used, for example, 110-type connectors, by IDC of this arrangement, such connectors, differential IDC pairs adjacent to each other - has become possible, but to compensate for common mode crosstalk .


University-community relationships are sometimes marked by division and hostility. Key problems in the relationship include the assumed objectivity of the academy and the real estate interests of universities. The history and description of these relationships in Chicago indicates that there are other historical trends that have led to fruitful partnerships, including the strength and diversity of community groups and change and diversity in university students and personnel. This article uses the examples of the UIC Neighborhoods Initiative at the University of Illinois at Chicago and the Policy Research Action Group to show how strong, viable collaborations can occur. Their experiences point to a new research model and some key lessons learned on how to use collaborative partnerships to enhance the way society deals with today's urban problems.


The nature and origins of flavour in whiskies are reviewed with the aim of developing a revised and simplified flavour wheel for training of sensory assessors. Scotch whiskies are perceived as having distinctive characters, generally recognised in pattern recognition (perception, macroscopic brain processing), rather than being subjected to a deconstruction process of evaluating attributes (sensation, microscopic brain processing). Although consumers use simple recognition judgements on whisky flavour in categorical assimilation, industry has a requirement for monitoring spirit quality that necessitates a more reductionist approach. Whisky flavour wheels identify attributes, specific components of flavour character, which can be demonstrated to sensory assessors using reference standards. The advent of cyclodextrin bound reference standards has enabled communication of information on flavour character in training of assessors, as exploited in the brewing industry. A revised flavour wheel, with characters illustrated by reference standards, is proposed to assist sensory training on attributes of whisky flavour character.


Seoul's public transportation is mainly operated by buses and subways. But the bus system needs to be improved in terms of road congestion and environmental pollution, and the subway system needs to be reconsidered, with lower accessibility and higher cost than bus system. In this paper, the authors examine the introduction of a new transportation system in the Jongno-gu area being planned, and to change to an eco-friendly, pedestrian center city, with the Gangnam-gu area having the most severe traffic congestion in Seoul. The new transportation system has the advantage of having accessibility, user convenience, and the operating punctuality because of a railroad track. From the viewpoint of having the advantages of the bus and subway, the new system needs to be calculated for the benefits through the CVM (Contingent Valuation Methods). In results, the willingness to pay (WTP) of the new system is 406.8 won per one person. Thus it is concluded that the existing method did not reflect the additional benefits of the new transportation system. But the benefits are excluded in this paper, because using the CVM is a trial in the new method of calculating the benefits so far. Some alternatives are feasible, but the introduction of a new transportation method seems to be difficult in the current system. Also this paper suggests the policy for the introduction of the new system.


This Article shall submit to the following methods of analysis at work: observation, interview, questionnaire, diary and describe their activities, techniques for determining the skills (we refer especially to the critical incident technique) and hierarchical task analysis. The discussion is oriented to describe these methods, advantages and disadvantages and limits the information collected, and finally a series of guidelines are offered in the use of techniques to obtain relevant information on the job.


At present, The Poiythencic University of Madr id, the CEDEX and JESUS GRANELL ingenieros Consultores Company are carrying out an investigation project on labyrinth spillways. As a part of this project, it is proposed a new method for the hydraulic calculation of this type of spillways, which is based on the main facts occurred: the obliquity of the diagonal faces of the weir referred to the direction of the flow upstream in the approximation, and the nappe interference. The method is going to be improved a nd validated by physical a nd numerical modelling as a pa rt of the investigation project. However, the comparison of its preliminary results with other methods, and also with some physical models available provides encouraging results.


With great sadness we announce the death of Hans R Ulfendahl, professor in physiology at Uppsala University at the age of 94. Only two months after his wife Maj passed away, Hans had a fall and just a few days later joined her. Our thoughts go to his three children, Per Johan, Eva-Lotta and Pia, and their families.


ABSTRACT Gypsum is the more common name for a mineral compound called calcium sulphate dihydroxide, or sulphate of lime. Gypsum is generally found underground near deposits of limestone or other minerals formed by evaporation. Gypsum much in use for home or office interior. NBA Gypsum is one of the many shops that exist in Yogyakarta, which was established in 2007. At least 20 people who came to visit this shop every day. Transaction of products in the shop is still done manually that is stored in the sheets which resulted in the accumulation of data, so it requires a new method of data storage each transaction that is able to process data quicly and accurately.


A clustering-based triggering network monitoring model is proposed in this paper.This model divides the system according to different levels.It uses the proxy interactive mechanism to realize the integration of the network data acquisition,storage,analysis,maintenance and network control and management.The data processing is divided into the information acquisition,data preliminary analysis,data clustering,conclusion and response.Every functional module is distributedly deployed,which can respectively process the data,transmission and storage.It raises the effectiveness of the whole system.


The survey data from Cuimiao coal mine had been researched to identify the importance of geological factors on the coal seam gas content.Based on the relation between the gas content and related factors,the geological structure,coal thickness,coal and surround rock's strength as well as the seam depth,the paper had worked out the priority determinants on seam gas content in the 2-1th seam,the major seam of Cuimiao mine coal.The result shows that the coal seam depth takes the first place to determine the gas content,and the geological structure is followed.


Cold snare polypectomy is widely considered the optimal method for achieving complete removal of small and diminutive polyps. In the first randomized,


Discloses an apparatus for encoding information bits of the k input in the transmitter in a communication system, the apparatus comprising: a code generator configured to generate (2 k -2 t ) bits of the first order Reed - Muller code; and code encoder for the k input information bits with (2 k -2 t ) bit first order Reed - Muller codes by multiplying the code, wherein the encoding apparatus further comprises a plurality of first-order Reed for storing - Muller code memory code.


Understory prescribed burning was conducted in an immature Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine) stand in southwestern Colorado during three seasons, late spring, midsummer, and autumn. Tree mortality from various levels of crown scorch was compared for the different seasons of injury. A total of 526 trees of different sizes, with crown scorch ranging from 20 to 100%, were monitored annually for 10 years. Over 80% of the 10-year mortality from injury in all three seasons had occurred by year 3, with over 90% occurring by year 4. Mortality of trees scorched in the spring and summer was about 2.5 times greater than that in the autumn for similar crown damage. Most trees larger than 18 cm in diameter survived autumn injury, even with greater than 90% scorching. Following spring and summer injury, trees smaller than 10 cm in diameter died readily with greater than 50% scorching, but about 90% crown scorch was required by large trees to be lethal. A logistic regression model was developed to predict the probability of mortality given tree size, scorch class, and season of injury. Because mortality was similar within scorch classes less than 90%, they were combined into a single class. Scorch thresholds with large increases in mortality occurred at 90% and 100% crown scorch. The season variable includes two groups, dormant (autumn) and growing (spring and summer). Use of this model to predict mortality of immature P. ponderosa is appropriate where stand, fuel, and fire conditions resemble those of this study.


We obtain several sufficient conditions on the degrees of an oriented graph for the existence of long paths and cycles. As corollaries of our results we deduce that a regular tournament contains an edge-disjoint Hamilton cycle and path, and that a regular bipartite tournament is hamiltonian.


It was initially assumed that industry and services are fundamental to the social, economic and cultural development of various spatial systems, especially local and regional systems. As a result of the changing economic potential, the technological and technical level of business entities and the quality and size of related markets, industry and services influence functional and spatial changes, among others in terms of: production-service links and infrastructural, institutional and labour relations. The assumption made was verified by an outline of the research output of professor Maria Dobrowolska. Examples of the different effects of industrialisation processes on spatial transformations of local and regional systems are presented. The presented output, taking into account changing management rules, increasing globalisation processes and civilisation progress, served to outline the theoretical concept of shaping spatial systems as a result of industry and services.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore how the phenomenon of academic professional development looks through the eyes of graduate students navigating the increasing complexity of postgraduate careers. This study pays particular attention to how current students navigate the interplay between their beliefs, intentions and behaviors when it comes to making choices regarding their engagement in professional development.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a qualitative study, based on a phenomenological analysis of seven in-depth interviews with advanced PhD students from the earth sciences college at a large, public, research-intensive university located in the mid-Atlantic area of the USA (Penn State).

Findings
Framed in the Theory of Planned Behavior, the findings of this study suggest that the interviewees varied across all aspects of Theory of Planned Behavior: in their beliefs about valued career paths, in their convergence or divergence from the departmental or institutional norms they perceived and in their sense of control over their career pathways. They all shared, however, a strong desire to successfully navigate the widening array of possibilities to achieve a range of personal and professional goals, but they often lacked the ability to align those intentions with actions related to professional development.

Originality/value
This study suggests that institutions may wish to rethink their positionality in the professional development of graduate students, moving away from centralized models of direct support and towards more indirect, informal and co-created means of exerting influence and building community.


The heart rhythm is beneath the supervision of the nodal tissue which encompasses the Keith flack node, the Aschoff Tawara node and the Hiss bundle. Keith flack node, in the right auricle wall emits an impetus that propagates. In 1/10 of second the influx reaches the Aschoff Tawara node and after another 1/10 of second, the influx reaches the Hiss bundle leading it to the ventricles in order to entail their contractions. Can it be said that this impetus from Keith flack node has undergone an exergetic loss when arrived to ventricles contractions step? No answer for the moment. But having seen the time scale of transfer it can be approximated that the influx is integrally transmitted. One of its parts has been used for the myocarde electrical activity and one part for the blood motion. This last part is concerned in this paper. The total massic differential enthalpy has been issued as a prominent parameter making possible the assessment of the Keith flack impetus. In this paper, thermoexergetic parameters such as work power [ ], effective work power [  ],exergetic loss [ ], exergetic yield [ ] and massic entropy variation [∆s] have been determined. The study has been performed on healthy persons, men and women, of Democratic Republic of Congo. The sample of 20.000 cases of healthy persons whose age varies between 13-73 years has been investigated. The blood pressure measurements and calculations are our methodology of work. The figures have been plotted by means of origin 8 program. In each cross section of life, the exergetic yield and the massic entropy variation have been found constant while the work power, the effective work power and the exergetic loss are increasing with the increasing cardiac frequency. Also the small change of those parameters with the age has been noted as well for the men as for the women subtitle. KUNYIMA formula has been proposed to calculate the work power and its values are expressed in Kys (KUNYIMA units). Results are hereby discussed.


Reflection and radiation characteristics of a slot antenna backed by a half cylindrical cavity made of conductive textiles have been measured. Two conductive textile sheets and conductive threads configured a post-wall structure forming a cavity of a thin half-cylinder. The antenna was designed for the operation frequency around 2.45 GHz. The reflection and radiation characteristics were measured in the cases that it was planar and bent on a spherical surface, and they were compared with those of a rectangular cavity which has already been reported. As a result, the radiation characteristics did not change much by bending, and the operating band in the reflection characteristics was less shifted by bending than the slot antenna backed by a rectangular cavity. Its height was the same and its surface area decreased into 0.6 times of the rectangular cavity.


ABSTRACT In order to determine whether or not a serotonergic mechanism is involved in the secretion of growth hormone, the effect of cyproheptadine, an antiserotonergic agent, on plasma human growth hormone (hGH) levels was studied in normal human subjects. Oral administration of 150 mg of 5-HTP, a precursor of serotonin, caused a rise in plasma hGH in 7 of 8 normal subjects tested, with peak hGH levels of 21.1 ± 4.7 ng/ml (mean ± sem). Plasma hGH response to 5-HTP was significantly suppressed by the intravenous infusion of cyproheptadine, an antiserotonergic agent (p < 0.01). Intravenous infusion of arginine caused a significant increase in plasma hGH, with peak hGH levels of 20.6 ± 4.9 ng/ml (mean ± sem). Plasma hGH response to arginine was significantly suppressed by the intravenous infusion of cyproheptadine (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the serotonergic mechanism is involved in the secretion of growth hormone in man.