The quality of the relationship between parents and professionals, during the child protection process, is key to ensuring the welfare of the children involved. This article discusses the role of the specialist crisis advocate when supporting parents with learning disabilities during the child protection process. It provides an insight into the hostile environment of child protection, as discussed by the child protection professionals, and the role of the advocate as a facilitator of positive engagement between the parents and professionals and in supporting improvements in practice.


The paper deals with the way of production and extracts disposal  from television interviews, suggesting  that they do not report about the interviewed's communicative intention, but they correspond to discursive strategies of the media strategies, which are set up, rather than in the discourse itself, in the material conditions in which journalists work develops.


Report presented to UNESCO Fight against Discrimination and Racism Section Division of Human Rights and Fight against Discrimination Sector for Social and Human Sciences by Jean-Claude Icart Coordinator at the International Observatory of Racism and Discrimination Micheline Labelle Professor, Department of Sociology, Université du Québec à Montréal and Director at the CRIEC Rachad Antonius Professor, Department of Sociology, Université du Québec à Montréal and Assistant Director at the CRIEC International Observatory of Racism and Discrimination Center for Research on Immigration, Ethnicity and Citizenship (CRIEC) Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal


Amongst the plethora of Federal Budget spending announcements in 2009, the Labor Government delivered two White Papers setting out its vision for Australian universities for the next ten years and beyond.


With the current reform in education, better understanding has been made of course resources, especially students' course resources that have long been neglected. Unprecedented important is being made to them. To keep up with the educational reform, medical education must be focused on the exploitation and utilization of student resources. This article discusses the necessity of exploiting students' course resources, the essence of the resources as well as major ways to exploit and utilize the resources.


Some tumor cells have deficits in class I MHC antigen processing, suggesting that T cells exert selective pressure on tumor cells. Previous studies have not revealed increased tumor incidence in mice with deficits in T‐cell immunity, including mice lacking TAP1 (a subunit of the transporter for antigen presentation) or LMP2 (a regulated subunit of the 20S proteasome). The incidence of spontaneous tumors in these mice, however, is too low to assess differences in host resistance to tumors. To increase tumor incidence and better assess the role of systemic expression of TAP1 and LMP2 in responses to tumors, TAP1–/– and LMP2–/– mice were bred with p53–/– mice to create TAP1–/–p53–/– and LMP2–/–p53–/– double knockout mice. Lymphomas and sarcomas (malignant fibrous histiocytoma and angiosarcoma) occurred with high incidence in all p53‐deficient populations. Tumor incidence and death rate were similar in TAP1–/–p53–/– mice and closely matched control TAP1+/+p53–/– mice. Tumor incidence and death rate were slightly accelerated in LMP2–/–p53–/– mice relative to control LMP2+/+p53–/– mice, but the biological significance of this difference was unclear. The relative incidence of lymphomas vs. sarcomas was not significantly altered by variation in TAP1 or LMP2. In conclusion, systemic absence of TAP1 did not alter tumor incidence, while absence of LMP2 was associated with only a slight acceleration of tumor incidence of uncertain significance. These observations are consistent with other evidence that normal T‐cell responses do not effectively limit tumorigenesis. Even though T cells can attack some tumor cells, the ability of tumors to alter their immunogenicity and evade T‐cell surveillance may render the native immune system ineffective at providing a rate‐limiting barrier to tumorigenesis and preventing cancer. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a project reporting the evaluation of an adapted form of the thinking skills programme (TSP) with prisoners with intellectual disabilities. In particular, the utility of realistic evaluation is explored as a response to the difficulties in applying research-based interventions in practice and rolling out pilot projects that have been evaluated under specific conditions. Design/methodology/approach – Realistic evaluation involves the identification of context, mechanism and outcome as a structure for programme evaluation and this was applied to the development and implementation of adapted TSP (ATSP) in three English prisons. Findings – Findings are reported in respect of the three aspects of context, mechanism and outcome to demonstrate the utility of realistic evaluation. Contextual findings suggested that ATSP is effective with male prisoners representing a range of intellectual disabilities, who would otherwise be excluded from mainstream programmes. T...


Gas hydrates (GHs) are known to pose serious flow assurance challenges for the oil and gas industry. Neverthless, over the last few decades, gas hydrates-based technology has been explored for various energy- and environmentally related applications. For both applications, a controlled formation of GHs is desired. Management of hydrate formation by allowing them to form within the pipelines in a controlled form over their complete mitigation is preferred. Moreover, environmental, benign, non-chemical methods to accelerate the rate of hydrate formation are in demand. This review focused on the progress made in the last decade on the use of various surface coatings and treatments to control the hydrate formation at atmospheric pressure and in realistic conditions of high pressure. It can be inferred that both surface chemistry (hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity) and surface morphology play a significant role in deciding the hydrate adhesion on a given surface.


Gunter Wand Edition. Part I: Bruckner, Haydn, Schubert. DVD. NDR Sinfonieorchester / Gunter Wand. Directed by Hugo Kach. [United States]: TDK, 2005. DVUS-COWAND/1. $26.99. Gustav Mahler. Symphony No. 2 in C minor, "Resurrection." DVD. Lucerne Festival Orchestra, Mahler Chamber Orchestra / Claudio Abbado. Recorded live at the Lucerne Festival, Culture and Convention Centre Lucerne, 21 August 2003. With Eteri Gvazava, Anna Larsson, Orfeon Donostiarra. [Germany]: EuroArts, 2003. 2053268. $26.99. In spite of the proliferation of symphonic music on DVD in the past decade, performances of Anton Bruckner's and Gustav Mahler's symphonies were still very difficult to find on any audiovisual medium-possibly a testament to the awe-inspiring qualities of the composers' symphonic outputs, even among seasoned conductors. Luckily, the DVD releases reviewed here make for an overwhelming reversal, especially since Bnickner and Mahler find paradigmatic interpretations by Gunter Wand and Claudio Abbado, respectively. The latter's performance of Mahler's second Symphony (a work for which no video performance existed until a year ago) comes as a happy addition to the unexpected, almost simultaneous release of Mahler's complete symphonies under Leonard Bernstein (Deutsche Grammophon and Unitel, 2005). Just as I was about to finish these reviews, a performance of Mahler's second I attended at the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Paavo Jarvi, reminded me once again of the extraordinarily engaging power of late-romantic symphonic music on the audience. The late Jonathan D. Kramer insightfully observed on the program that this music is "too powerful to foster indifference." The viewer of these DVDs will find none of that power diminished; Wand's and Abbado's outstanding interpretations may well be the best such experience next to a live performance of Bruckner's and Mahler's symphonies. Lest there be any doubt, this DVD collection featuring symphonic music conducted by the legendary Guntcr Wand (1912-2002) is really about Wand conducting Anton Bruckner-interspersed with two symphonies by Joseph Haydn and Franz Schubert. But who would complain? Possibly more than any other conductor of the twentieth century, Wand understood Bruckner's spirit and championed his music to the delight of all Bruckner fans the world around. In these performances he conducts the editions of the original Bruckner Gesamtausgabe, prepared between 1930 and 1944 by Robert Haas (Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth) and Alfred Orel (Ninth), editions which conductors almost universally prefer over the later ones by Leopold Nowak. Each DVD is carefully packaged with elegantly written and informative notes by Wand's biographer Wolfgang Seifert, tastefully translated by Stewart Spencer. Visually and aurally these performances will thrill Bnickner critics and enthusiasts alike. Wand directed the Norddeutsche Rundfunk Sinfonieorchester of Hamburg from 1982 to 1991, and he remained the orchestra's honorary conductor until his death. All performances in this collection took place during the Schlcswig-Holsiein Musik Festival, and were recorded live at the Lubeck Musik- und Kongreshalle between July 1996 and July 2001. Wand considered Bruckner to be "the most significant symphonist after Beethoven," and listening to the composer's symphonies in this collection one may easily be persuaded. Listening to the chorale of the Fifth Symphony's last movement while observing Wand's penetrating stare, one recognizes the concentrated emotion of a artist whose spirituality bears close affinity to that of Bruckner's. At the same time, however, he imbues that spirituality with a secular essence whereas other conductors often exaggerate its religious connotations in order to emphasize the composer's extreme religiosity. Wand puts it best in a note included in the program booklet: "I am a musician, not a priest! . . . When I conduct Bruckner, my aim is to make it clear that he is a great symphonist and not just a composer of solemn and sacred moods: I simply want to present the music as it is intended. …


In this paper,a new type of point-to-point switch structure RapidIO is introduced after a brief presentation of bus development.There is no doubt about the importance of DSP in high-performance processing system,but now many of them have no interface of RapidIO.A method that using FPGA as a bridge to connect DSP bus with a RapidIO IP Core is proposed to implement the interconnection DSP and RapidIO.


The Internet of Things (IoT) alludes to interestingly identifiable items (things) which can communicate with differentquestions through the worldwide framework of remote/wired Internet. The correspondence system among an expansive number of assetobliged gadgets that produce substantial volumes of information affects the security and protection of the included items. In thispaper, we propose a lightweight protocol for IoT authentication which based on two algorithms LA1 and RA1 which is used forauthentication and generating session key that is used for encryption.


The Article is Devoted to Construction Asimptotical Decomposition to the Model of С3-Plants Photosynthesis and Photorespiration Developed by the Author. The Formulas are Received, Allowing to Defi ne the First Members of Asymptotic for Instant Intensities of С3-Plants Photosynthesis and Photorespiration at Preset Values of Parameters of a Plant and an Environment.


This article narrated the connotation of the project-culture and the significance of its construction,and from the three aspects of carrying out human-based management,seeking high quality faith and figuring project visualize to discussed how the owners of government engineering projects to set up the health project-culture from inner to outer to realize the goals of the projects.


Myskan ia as i! w i l l march in lo thcaudi tnrh in i t o m o r r o w to " t a p " the eleven, twe lve i>r thir teen j u n i o r s who have led in undergraduate af fa i rs. In alphabet ical order, r ight to I t ' l l , (lie members a r c : (1. La Verne l a r r , Bet ty F.aton, T h o m a s F . Fa l lon , W i l l i a m M . French, Florence ( i o r i n l ey , Fve l yn ( i raves, h e r l r u d c H a l l , A l ice H i l l s M i l d red Lauslcy, Be l l y P u l . c r . Caro l ine Scblei'ch, Koher l I. Sh i l ling-law and Ruth M . Wa l t s . The ens tunics w i l l he as pictured above, except thai the members w i l l wear purple and go ld lassels mi l l ie i r caps and purp le and go ld ribbons on the i r gowns, f l i c r ib bons w i l l be pinned on the new members.


We present a semiclassical method of calculating vibrational energy levels for a system of nonseparable coupled oscillators. For a Hamiltonian written as a power series in which the leading terms are given by a sum of one‐dimensional harmonic oscillator Hamiltonians, the method involves transforming the original classical Hamiltonian via a succession of canonical transformations into a normal form which is a power series originally defined by Birkhoff and later generalized by Gustavson. Two cases are distinguished. If the harmonic oscillator frequencies in the unperturbed Hamiltonian are incommensurable, then the normal form is a power series whose terms are products of one‐dimensional harmonic oscillator Hamiltonians; if the frequencies in the unperturbed Hamiltonian are commensurable, then additional terms which cannot be written as products of one‐dimensional harmonic oscillator Hamiltonians enter into the normal form. Once the normal form is obtained, semiclassical quantization of action variables is straightforward. The incommensurable case yields a formula for the energy spectrum which is a power series in the quantum numbers. The commensurable case is more complicated, and yields a form from which energy levels may be obtained individually by numerical calculation and quantization of a one‐dimensional phase integral. Nonseparable two‐dimensional examples are treated for each case. The results obtained for both cases show excellent agreement with quantum mechanical calculations. The quantum calculations indicate that all of the energy levels fall into a regular pattern.


Incremental processing of the human parser is uncontroversially supported by many psycholinguistic experiments. Briefly, incrementality accounts for the intuitive fact that language is processed from left to right. An operational account of the incrementality hypothesis, called strong incrementality, is at the core of several computational models of the human parser [4]. In this version, the parser maintains a totally connected parsing structure, while scanning the input words from left to right, with no input stored in a disconnected state. The key concept in attaching the next word to the left context is the notion of connection path (CP) [3], which is the chain of syntactic nodes that must be built in order to appropriately connect the current word to its left context. The major difficulty of implementing a strongly incremental strategy is the high number of candidate CPs, which yields a hard search problem, affecting the parser accuracy and speed. This can be shortly explained as follows. Suppose we are given a new sentence = w0, . . . , wn−1 and suppose that at stage i of parsing we know the correct incremental tree Ti−1 spanning w0, . . . , wi−1. The goal of an incremental parser is then to compute the next tree Ti in order to accommodate the next word wi. However, other trees spanning w1, · · · , wi can be generated by legally attaching other CPs. The set of trees obtained by legally attaching Ti−1 to some CP is called the forest of candidates for word wi, denoted F i = {Ti,1, . . . , Ti,mi}. This set typically contains from tens to hundreds of candidates, yielding a hard search problem. Designing accurate heuristics for guiding this search problem is a difficult task [5] but, on the other hand, the availability of databases of parsed sentences (treebanks) makes the problem interesting from a machine learning perspective. We propose that the learning algorithm rely on a statistical model in charge of assigning probabilities of correctness to each candidate tree. When unseen sentences are processed, the model can be employed to rank alternative trees, sorting them by increasing probability of correctness. In this way, the parser can try first candidate trees with higher probability of correctness. Neural networks offer a very interesting way of solving the prediction problem outlined above. However, the structured nature of data requires architectures capable of dealing with rich representations. In this task, relations among syntactic entities play a crucial role and the standard attribute-value representation commonly associated with feedforward network is not sufficient. Moreover, ranking alternatives is a special form of learning. To explain this, consider the following possible formulations of the learning task:


Most of the problems in combinatorial optimisation are quite di cult from the computation point of view. One of the principal objectives of modern theoretical computer science consists of overcoming this algorithmic barrier by proposing either approximate solution or by providing additional information on the assumptions. The objective of this thesis is to study the impact on the computational complexity (or parameterized complexity) of a problem under the additional condition of extending a particular partial solution. The extension of pre-solutions is already present in diverse techniques of computer science : a search tree algorithm which solves an optimisation problem is often based on the extension of solutions in order to prune the branches of the search tree as soon as possible. Also, for example, for the Vertex Cover problem (VC for short. Here, one tries to cover the edges of a graph with a small number of vertices), it is desirable to be able to quickly (i.e., in polynomial time) decide whether a subset of vertices (which we call a pre-solution) can form a part of a minimum solution. This type of consideration remains interesting even in the extreme case of deciding whether a particular vertex belongs to an optimal vertex cover. Moreover, this approach is already used when one wishes to enumerate the set of minimal vertex covers (with respect to inclusion) or more generally the set of minimal feasible solutions of an optimisation problem (with respect to a speci c partial ordering) [9, 10]. Finally, the extension of pre-solutions play a leading role in the techniques based on dynamic programming. There exists in the literature several articles considering the extension of pre-solutions, but in a sporadic manner [3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 11, 15]. Very recently, in [?] and [16] two theoretical frameworks had been proposed for the study of extensions of pre-solutions. In these frameworks, it is assumed that the problems of optimisation are well-structured, namely, there exists a partial order on the set of realisable solutions. For example, for hereditary problems (resp. anti-hereditary), the underlying order is inclusion (resp., exclusion). In the case of inclusion, the objective is to extend a part of the solution in a manner satisfying a given criteria of robustness compatible with the partial order. The most natural criteria to satisfy is the Pareto dominance [?], which results in the notion of minimality. In other words, the removal of elements of a solution no longer guarantees its realisability. On the other hand, the most di cult criteria to verify is optimality or quasi-optimality [16, 11].


[Objective] To study the antibacterial activity of chemical constituents in C.nanchuanensis.[Method] The chemical constituents were firstly extracted by reflux method,,and then respectively extracted by petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and normal butanol,the extracts by ethyl acetate were analyzed by silica gel chromatography,and then gradient eluted by chloroform-methanol(10∶ 0→0∶ 10,V/V),the common compounds were detected by thin-layer chromatography,antibacterial effects of compound 3,4 and 5 were experimentally studied.[Result] Six compounds,including isoferulic acid,ferulic acid,25-O-acetylcimigenol,cimidahuside C,12β-hydroxycimigenol and β-sitosterol,were isolated from the dry rhizomes of Cimicifuga nanchuanensis Hsiao.,and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis(IR,MS and NMR).Three of them were cycloartane triterpenoids.[Conclusion] Compounds 1-6 were extracted from C.nanchuanensis for the first time,among them compound 3,4 and 5 showed good antibacterial activities.


OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the results from a series of patients who underwent surgical treatment for rhizarthrosis using the technique of trapezium resection associated with interposition of yarn from the long abductor tendon of the thumb. METHODS: From May to August 2005, ten patients underwent surgical treatment for rhizarthrosis. Patients with primary osteoarthrosis of the trapezium-metacarpal joint, in stages II, III and IV of the Eaton classification, with persistent pain that was refractory to clinical treatment, were included. For the functional assessment, the visual analogue scale, DASH questionnaire and Buck-Gramcko score were used. For the overall assessment on the patients, strength measurements were made for palm grip, pulp to pulp pinch, lateral pinch, three-point pinch, opposition and radial and palmar abductions. The migration index for the first metacarpal was also determined on radiographs at rest and under stress. RESULTS: The pain relief was considered to be good (p = 0.005), with functional improvements in modules 2 (p = 0.02) and 3 (p = 0.022) of DASH. The Buck-Gramcko score showed one excellent and three very good results. There was an improvement in almost all of the overall assessment and was only non-significant regarding lateral pinch and abduction. For all patients, there was migration of the first metacarpal. CONCLUSION: Trapeziectomy associated with interposition of yarn from the long abductor tendon of the thumb was shown to be a relatively simple and effective technique for pain relief and functional improvement.


San Joaquin County, like many of the counties in California's Central Valley, is home to many workers who commute regularly to jobs in the San Francisco Bay Area and the Sacramento area. These long-distance commutes have a significant impact on the freeways connecting the regions and also contribute to air pollution that is a serious problem in the Central Valley. The San Joaquin Council of Governments has undertaken a significant effort to develop a system of services that promote use of transit, carpooling and vanpooling for these long-distance commutes. This paper describes work performed by DKS Associates as part of the preparation of high occupancy vehicle (HOV) Lane and Park-and-Ride Master Plans for the county. These efforts have built on progress that has already been made in increasing vehicle occupancy through an on-going park-and–ride program that has over 600 spaces, an aggressive ride-matching and commuter assistance program and through express bus services from San Joaquin County. The paper describes the process used to determine the top priorities for adding HOV lanes, how transit service would be integrated, where the park-and-ride system should be supplemented to support the new HOV lanes, how trucks would be affected, and how intelligent transportation systems (ITS) strategies can support the HOV lanes and park-and-ride systems by providing real-time traveler information and greater security at the park-and-ride lots. The paper describes how technical analysis and information on benefits from existing HOV lane systems in California have been used to make the case for a system of HOV lanes in the Central Valley.


The successful operation of the x-band transverse deflecting cavity (XTCAV) installed downstream of the LCLS undulator has been further enhanced by the recent addition of an RF pulse compression "SLED" cavity that doubles the temporal resolving power of this powerful diagnostic system for measurement of the longitudinal profile of both the electron bunch and the x-ray FEL pulse. RF pulse compression has allowed us to use the existing SLAC X-band klystron with nominal output power of 50 MW and extend the RF pulse length by a factor 4 to give us 4 times the peak power after compression. A new, innovative SLED cavity was designed and built at SLAC to operate efficiently at X-band. The elegant design uses a small spherical cavity combined with a polarizing mode coupler hybrid. We report on the installation, commissioning and beam measurements demonstrating the sub-femtosecond resolution of the XTCAV system.


Answering a question of J. Rosenberg, we construct the first examples of infinite characters on $GL_n(\mathbf{K})$ for a global field $\mathbf{K}$ and $n\geq 2.$ The case $n=2$ is deduced from the following more general result. Let $G$ a non amenable countable subgroup acting on locally finite tree $X$. Assume either that the stabilizer in $G$ of every vertex of $X$ is finite or that the closure of the image of $G$ in ${\rm Aut}(X)$ is not amenable. We show that $G$ has uncountably many infinite dimensional irreducible unitary representations $(\pi, \mathcal{H})$ of $G$ which are traceable, that is, such that the $C^*$-subalgebra of $\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H})$ generated by $\pi(G)$ contains the algebra of the compact operators on $\mathcal{H}.$ In the case $n\geq 3,$ we prove the existence of infinitely many characters for $G=SL_n(R)$, where $n\geq 3$ and $R$ is an integral domain such that $G$ is not amenable. In particular, the group $SL_n(\mathbf{Z})$ has infinitely many such characters for $n\geq 2.$


................................................................................................................................ iv CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................. v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background to the Topic ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Questions ............................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Aims .......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Scope of Research .................................................................................................................. 5 1.6 Structure of the Dissertation ............................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER TWO: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS .......................................................... 7 2.


Pole vault is one of the most complex, and probably the most complex athletic discipline in addition to long jump, high jump and triple jump. It is one of the jumping discipline, and it is used for probing rod. The aim of this study was to perform biomechanical analysis and determine the necessary morphological characteristics, motor skills, personality traits for achieving good results. It can be used by coaches, both in selection and in programming training.


There are many large system problems that are hard to model exactly or in a computationally tractable fashion. Examples include the mapping of human DNA, speech recognition, and automated learning in computer chess. Traditional artificial intelligence solution techniques for such problems rely on a combination of custom encoding of expert knowledge and heuristic search. They take much time to hand craft and then often are unable to take advantage of faster computers as they become available. In this context, the authors explore the advantage of using statistical search techniques in which the knowledge is encoded in some form of statistical model whose parameters are automatically adjusted or trained with domain data. The benefits are faster development times, greater solution accuracy (compared to hand crafted solutions) and the ability to allow the problem size and desired solution accuracy to be scaled up with computational resources. They apply this approach to certain critical computational problems in mapping the human genome. They use a Bayesian model to provide the best solution accuracy as a function of the number of parameters. Heuristic search techniques derived from artificial intelligence are used to search the model space in an efficient manner in the average case.


The purpose of this study is to examine Primbon effect to abnormal return on Indonesia Stock Market. Primbon is Javanese belief of good day and bad day especially if Javanese people want to perform several rituals as an ethnic group. However this research will use Primbon as a matter of investment decision making on daily data in stock market. This study uses conclusive descriptive that is a of study giving conclusion from hypothesis to describe abnormal return phenomenon on Indonesia Stock Exchange based on Primbon. The research uses intraday trading with event study methodology to observe abnormal return of stocks recommended by Primbon that grouping into defensive stock for "rahayu" and aggressive stock for "rezeki besar" on certain time in a day. The results showed that abnormal return of stocks from stock group recommended by Primbon only presented on Monday aggressive stocks group from 09.00 to 11.00. But there is no difference with the other days. Thus it can be concluded that the recommendations of Primbon only affect the abnormal return on the Indonesia Stock Exchange partially. The groups of defensive and aggressive stock partially support the Primbon effect, and proved that Primbon even with low level, affect the abnormal return of the stock market.


The need for means of helping to design pavement structures for roads in residential areas was clearly revealed by surveys carried out some ten years ago in the Nord and Ile-de-France regions. These surveys also strengthened the idea that a preliminary regional approach was essential in order to implement measures satisfactorily in this field. An attempt was therefore made to adapt theoretical and practical knowledge acquired in connection with pavements in open countryside to the special case of roads in residential areas. The practical method with which this article mainly deals, published in the form of a regional guide for the Ile-de-France, puts into concrete form a certain consensus reached among a considerable number of people concerned with the construction of residential areas. At the technical level, an attempt has been made to synthesize and valorize the experience of soils and materials acquired regionally, on the basis of usual concepts concerning assessment of their quality and methods of improving them. Where traffic is concerned, traffic being the third and final component of structural design, a completely new approach has been adopted.


Logistics is a scientific discipline, a business function and an activity that, in recent times, is increasingly being applied to economic and social activities, because it enables the production of a quality product at a moderate cost. With regard to the trend for globally applying the principles of logistics to all spheres of human activities, the phenomenon of tourism presents a special challenge. Moreover, it is becoming evident that a quality tourism product, the design of which is linked to a tourism destination, depends largely on the scale of optimisation of all flows (goods, people, information, energy, waste, capital and knowledge) within a destination. The purpose of this paper is to define the function of logistics in tourism and in a tourism destination. Also defined are the concepts of tourism logistics and tourism destination logistics, the concept of a tourism logistics system and its elements – subsystem, as well as logistics processes - chains. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of optimising logistics processes in a destination, in which logistics management and process management are indispensable.


In recent work, conditional Markov chain models (CMM) have been used to extract information from semi-structured text (one example is the Conditional Random Field [10]). Applications range from finding the author and title in research papers to finding the phone number and street address in a web page. The CMM framework combines a priori knowledge encoded as features with a set of labeled training data to learn an efficient extraction process. We will show that similar problems can be solved more effectively by learning a discriminative context free grammar from training data. The grammar has several distinct advantages: long range, even global, constraints can be used to disambiguate entity labels; training data is used more efficiently; and a set of new more powerful features can be introduced. The grammar based approach also results in semantic information (encoded in the form of a parse tree) which could be used for IR applications like question answering. The specific problem we consider is of extracting personal contact, or address, information from unstructured sources such as documents and emails. While linear-chain CMMs perform reasonably well on this task, we show that a statistical parsing approach results in a 50% reduction in error rate. This system also has the advantage of being interactive, similar to the system described in [9]. In cases where there are multiple errors, a single user correction can be propagated to correct multiple errors automatically. Using a discriminatively trained grammar, 93.71% of all tokens are labeled correctly (compared to 88.43% for a CMM) and 72.87% of records have all tokens labeled correctly (compared to 45.29% for the CMM).


This master thesis report with the topic "participation and co-creation in the public domain", represents the final project of the master Design for Interaction at the faculty Industrial Design Engineering, University of Technology Delft (TUDelft) and was executed for the STT Netherlands Study Centre for Technology Trends in The Hague (STT). The project is introduced in chapter one where the design brief, involved parties and project process is elaborated on. The goal of the initial design brief was "design a means that facilitates people with the possibility to participate and co-create, with other citizens and authority, in the Dutch public domain of 2030". To reach this goal a process similar to the VIP method was followed. First the current situation was deconstructed, whereupon the future situation was constructed and a concept was designed. Chapter two investigates on the term crowdsourcing, the topic of the initiating exploratory study of STT and the starting point of this thesis. There was investigated how the method of crowdsourcing currently is applied in the following sectors: private internet organisations, commercial businesses, design teams and in the public domain. In these various fields similar processes and guidelines were differentiated. Chapter three maps the current situation of the public domain. Roughly five parties were differentiated: authority, citizens, media, commercial companies and public private parties. Current policy-making procedures and the influence of citizens in every step were investigated. Due to lack of accurate information and feedback, which is in large extend caused by the media, communication in these procedures falls short. The majority of citizens is willing to participate, yet does not see how they are able to make a difference. The several motivators and barriers to stimulate or stop people from participating were mapped. Finally there was concluded that authority can learn from commercial companies and public private parties. Organisations in which crowdsourcing and end user participation already are applied on larger scale. In chapter four there has been decided to solely focus on citizens and their personal needs and wishes. In order to do so, six personas were made for this thesis. These personas were based on literature and represent Dutch society. These personas were the starting point for chapter five, where was investigated which factors people need to participate. This investigation was split in two parts: a generative research and a research on existing initiatives. Both researches focussed on four factors: participation, ability, motivation and satisfaction. The generative research was done with a focus group of six participants. Who first were sensitised and in a session were asked to collectively brainstorm about their neighbourhood and collectively choose a situation to work out in a 3D Lego play collage. The steps of the generative process, resembled the steps of a policy-making process. After the generative session, twenty eight, existing participatory initiatives were examined. Some of these initiatives had potential and their aspects were instructive, while the majority of the initiatives was more suitable to find out what should be avoided in the future. In chapter six the result of the both researches were compared and concluded on. The results of the generative session gave insight in the needs and wishes of people, while the results from the research on existing initiatives gave insight in the process and the perspective of authority. From these results it was concluded that people consider participation as the continuous interaction with others in their daily life. They are especially motivated to participate when they personally take interest in a situation. However in order to do so, they need to be enabled to participate. Six enabling participation parameters were found: certainty, communication, freedom, responsibility, sympathy and support. During and after a participation process the level of success gives people a feeling of (dis-)satisfaction. Together these findings formed the main framework and guidelines for the construction phases of the thesis process. Chapter seven describes an interaction vision based on these insights. In this vision the desired interaction and future context of the to be designed means was determined. The vision was used to frame the design space and draw inspiration from. Chapter eight starts with a foundation for idea sketching, where more information was searched on the parameters sympathy and support. In an individual creative session, ideas were sketched and later on clustered in three phases. Four concepts were derived from the final morphological clusters and were elaborated on. After which a confrontation matrix was used to map the strongest points of each of the concepts. Chapter nine describes a first iteration in which the four concepts were merged together. Resulting in a personal document, a cloud-computing structure, with gestural operation and a 3D holographic display to participate directly there and then, in a variety of every day situations. The four participation paths were developed in the form of scenarios, flow-charts and interface frames. Chapter ten evaluates the first iteration of the concept with an evaluation study, executed in the city centre of The Hague. The interface frames were presented on an Ipad and this prototype was accompanied with the scenarios. Eight participants were observed and interviewed, from which valuable conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made. There was concluded that the concept currently could facilitate people with the possibility to participate and co-create. Although there were several aspects that needed improvement. Especially regarding the interface design, falling under the scope of the parameter communication. The recommendations were adopted in chapter eleven, where a second iteration is described. The co-creation paths were merged and a organisational path was added. The interface position was changed, icons were made more elaborate and a new menu structure was designed. While the context and interaction, as described in chapter nine, remained the same. Chapter eleven reflects on the last iteration done for this graduation project and results in the final concept of this master thesis. In the final chapter, chapter twelve, there is reflected on the thesis results from a project perspective and a personal perspective.


We describe an undergraduate organic laboratory experiment in which students prepare two structurally similar heterocyclic amines: one achiral, 3-isopropyloxazolidine, 2, and the other chiral, (±)-3-isopropyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)oxazolidine, 3. These N,O-acetals differ only by the presence of a single ring substituent that introduces asymmetry; thus, each compound has distinct 1H and 13C NMR spectral patterns. Each student prepares 2-(isopropylamino)ethanol, 1, and then the class is divided into two groups: one group prepares 2, and the other group prepares 3. NMR spectroscopy clearly indicates that the nuclei of the methyl groups (and the hydrogens of each methylene) of 2 and 3 are enantiotopic and diastereotopic, respectively. Students must explain why the NMR spectra of 3 have more peaks in the aliphatic region and increased coupling in the 1H spectrum, leading to a discussion of prochirality and topicity of ligands within a single molecule. This operationally straightforward experiment is a meaningful exercise in chemical synthesis and spectral problem solving, and students sample the benefits of collaborative work by dividing up the synthetic and analytical tasks and then sharing their data.


The highest achievable accelerating field in Superconducting Radiofrequency (SCRF) cavities is proportional to the maximum surface magnetic field on the cavity wall, the so-called superheating critical field Bsh. The highest experimental field ever obtained on actual cavities made from bulk niobium material exceeds 170 mT, very close to the estimated theoretical Bsh of 200 mT. Other superconducting materials exhibit lower critical fields while thin film technology suffers from high losses exhibiting a quality factor Q strongly degraded at high fields. However, the niobium cavity behavior at high fields is not yet fully understood. Anomalous losses may appear at fields higher than 100 mT, even upon taking a high purity niobium with extremely low impurities contents (high RRR). That indicates a degradation of the superconducting properties at high fields in the very first 50 nm of the metal surface. Experimental evidence is given here for the great importance to this regard of the final preparation of the cavity including chemistry and temperature. In particular, the possible major role of the first layers of niobium oxides and sub-oxides during and after chemistry is pointed out.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of perceived fatigue to physiologic fatigue, function, and quality of life in SMA.
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a common subjective complaint in SMA. Physiologic fatigue is well described in ambulatory SMA patients but perceived fatigue has not been systematically evaluated. Perceived fatigue and physiologic fatigue are not only different but potentially independent of each other. Understanding this relationship has been a key objective for clinical research, but has proven challenging for most disorders.
METHODS: Thirty-two patients with SMA Type 3 (78.1%) and Type 2 (21.9%) ranging from 5 to 49 years were recruited from an on-going natural history study. Perceived and physiologic fatigue, function, and quality of life were assessed using standardized questionnaires and assessments. Associations between perceived fatigue and other outcomes were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients (p < .05). The effect of age, SMA Type, and ambulatory status on fatigue was determined using ANOVA.
RESULTS: All SMA patients reported perceived fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale=42.43 and PedsQL™ Multidimensional Fatigue Scale=72.41%). Perceived fatigue was not associated with function or quality of life in SMA patients, or with physiologic fatigue in ambulatory patients. Quality of life (Short-form 36) in adults was positively associated with the six-minute walk test (R=0.719, p=0.029). Age, SMA type, or ambulatory status did not influence perceived fatigue.
CONCLUSIONS: Perceived fatigue can be quantified in children and adults with SMA. Interestingly, perceived fatigue is not related to physiologic fatigue or function in SMA, suggesting that cognitive, homeostatic, or psychologic factors may more likely be linked as co-morbid factors. For clinical trials designed to target perceived fatigue in SMA, these patient-reported assessments should be included. Quality of life is associated with function in adults with SMA. For clinical trials designed to improve function in adults, quality of life assessments may help determine clinically meaningful benefit. Disclosure: Dr. Dunaway has nothing to disclose. Dr. Montes has received personal compensation for activities with Isis Pharmeceuticals as a consultant. Dr. Kramer has nothing to disclose. Dr. Podwika has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rao has nothing to disclose. Dr. De Vivo has received personal compensation for activities with Isis Pharmaceuticals and Ultragenyx Pharmaceuticals.


During the past decade, numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the possible impacts of Variable Speed Limits (VSL) on freeway operations using traffic simulations. Under the support of China's National Science Foundation, a VSL system was developed and deployed on Hangyong freeway in Hangzhou, China, which can be considered the first modern VSL system used in China's freeway system. In this study, a before-after study based on traffic flow, data was collected before and after the deployment of the VSL system to evaluate the impacts of the system on traffic operations and the safety of the selected freeway segment. The data analysis results showed that the VSL system slightly improved traffic efficiency and safety on Hangyong freeway. After the deployment of VSL, the average speed was increased by 3 km/h to 4 km/h. However, drivers' compliance rate with speed limits was slightly increased. The difference in average vehicle speeds and posted speed limits was reduced from 31.3 km/h to 14.7 km/h. The VSL also slightly reduced the speed difference between upstream and downstream traffic stations, indicating a slightly improved safety performance.


Locus specific analysis of PcG/TrxG using Bio-tagging technology During development many cell types are generated by specific transcription programs that involve activation of gene expression at the level of promoters, enhancers and transcription factors. The identities of these different cell types are characterized by distinct sets of active and inactive genes, and need to be maintained through cell division. To achieve this, the cell type specific expression pattern has to be stably transmitted to the daughter cells. Epigenetic "cellular memory" mechanisms are often involved. In eukaryotes several chromatin-associated protein complexes have been identified, one of these systems comprises the Polycomb group (PcG) and the trithorax group (trxG) complexes. These widely conserved proteins act by locally modifying chromatin to maintain the transcriptional status of their target genes. The PcG and trxG bind as multi-protein complexes to regulatory elements called PREs (Polycomb response elements) in or near their target genes. A PRE can thus be considered an epigenetic switchable element upon which the PcG and trxG act antagonistically to maintain either silencing (PcG) or activation (trxG). Until now only a few distinct PcG complexes have been biochemically identified, but there is ample in vivo evidence that the composition of the PcG is different at different target genes and in different tissues. In addition, the purified complexes composition varies in some extent at different developmental times and depending on the protocol used for the purification. In all cases, biochemical isolations of complexes were performed using whole Drosophila embryos, Drosophila cell lines or mammalian cell lines; thus the purified complexes represent an average of all complexes at all target genes. Altogether, the memory system seems to be much more complicated than previously thought. Additional factors that come in to action at certain points in development might exist, giving a degree of specificity to Pc/TrxG action. So far, little has been done to establish procedures for the differential isolation and characterization of tissue specific, developmental time specific, or locus specific PcG or TrxG complexes. The aim of this thesis work was to design a system to look at the components of chromatin when still bound to the DNA in a locus, time and tissue specific manner. During this work a four-component system was developed based on the utilization of a protein bait and its binding site in the chromatin to co-purify proteins bound to transgenic PRE, giving locus-specificity to the system. To control time or tissue specificity, the protein bait expression was induced by Gal4. One more level of control was introduced by tagging the bait with a Bio-tag recognized and in vivo biotinylated by an enzyme that is also inducible expressed. All system components were introduced in D. melanogaster flies and the generated system was tested proving to be biologically feasible. When tested for protein purification many methodological problems were encountered that affected the efficiency of the system at various levels. Each problem was confronted separately and many experiments were conducted to find a better solution for each experimental step that would lead to a better output. However, protein pull-downs after system optimization resulted in no quantitative enrichment of PRE bound proteins. Nevertheless, thanks to the characterization and system optimization performed in this work, critical steps for functioning of this type of systems were identified. Alternative solutions to some aspects of the system designed will be based in the future on the findings of this work.


INTRODUCTION:Although trocar site hernias (TSH) occur in only 1.5-1.8% of all laparoscopic procedures, TSHs can represent serious postoperative complications. The purpose of this study was to survey gynecologic surgeons who are active members of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons (SLS) in orde


The plasminogen activator released from primary cultured rat hepatocyte has been recognized to be identical with a biliary plasminogen activator, Bilokinase (BK) in terms of its enzymatic properties (Blood & Vessel 16, 449, 1985).In the present investigation, we attempted to find out cell lines derived from human liver which produce and release plasminogen activator, and to elucidate the enzymatic properties of these particular plasminogen activator.The following results were obtained;1) HuL-1 cell line (derived from fetal liver) was observed not to secrete plasminogen activator (PA). PLC cell line (derived from hepatocellula carcinoma) and KN 73 (derived from hepatitis) were observed to produce a trace amount of PA.2) HuH-7 cell line (derived from hepatocellular carcinoma) and KN 7-7 cell line (derived from hepatitis) were observed to produce high active PA releasable into culture medium.3) The molecular weights of two kinds of PA of HuH-7 were 72, 000 and 50, 000, and the molecular weight of single PA of KN 7-7 was 50, 000.4) The affinity to fibrin of PA of HuH-7 as well as that KN 7-7 were extremely higy. The affinity to lysine of PA of HuH-7 and KN 7-7 were similarly very high. The activity of these PA on fibrinolysis was not inhibited by UK anti-body, but was inhibited by t-PA anti-body. The above properties of PA of HuH-7 and KN 7-7 were so called melanoma t-PA type characteristic.


The freshwater cladocera Moina macyocopa is a major live food in the propagation of early stage of freshwater fish species. As little research has been conducted to establish an effective culture technique, productivity of M macrocopa culture remains unstable. Based on the observation of biological characteristics of M macrocopa, we examined the conditions to develop large-scale culture system using 0.5•`1.0 m3 small-scale circular tanks. The goals we aimed at were: 1) to disperse M. macrocopa homogeneously in the culture tank, 2) to prevent damage of M macrocopa caused by direct exposure to aeration, 3) to control water movement below swimming speed (about 3 cm/sec) of M. macrocopa, 4) to supply enough oxygen to the culture water. In 3 days culture experiment at 28•Ž using 0.5 m3 culture tanks, we could harvest at 2.85 kg and 2.90 kg (wet weight) M macrocopa using triple and quadruple piped aeration equipments, respectively. Under the same condition in 1.0 m3 tanks, we harvested 7.65 kg M. macrocopa using quadruple piped aeration equipment. The feed conversion fed concentrated freshwater Chlorella was 0.87•`0.89 g (M. macrocopa) /ml (Chlorella) in 0.5 m3 tanks and 1.10 g/ml in 1.0 m3 tank. These results suggest that high density large-scale culture of M. macrocopa is possible using these equipments, and that it is possible to harvest M. macrocopa daily throughout the year by setting 3 large-scale culture tanks in a system.


The invention relates to the field of air purification, and provides a waste incineration flue gas purifying system. The waste incineration flue gas purifying system comprises a bag-type dust remover and further comprises a semi-dry process reaction tower, a dioxin adsorbent charging device and a desulfurizer charging device, wherein an outlet of the semi-dry process reaction tower is connected with an inlet of the bag-type dust remover. The outlet end of the dioxin adsorbent charging device is connected with the semi-dry process reaction tower. The outlet end of the desulfurizer charging device is connected with the semi-dry process reaction tower. The semi-dry process reaction tower is provided with a flue gas inlet pipe. The waste incineration flue gas purifying system has a good purifying effect on sulfur and dioxin in flue gas generated by waste incineration.


OF DISSERTATION TYPICAL PEERS' PERCEIVED SELF-EFFICACY TOWARDS INCLUDING STUDENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER One in 59 children is identified as having an Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) mandates that students with disabilities be educated in the general education setting with typical peers to the maximum extent possible. This practice of inclusion has led to increased social-isolation and peer rejection among students with ASD. Research suggests inclusion alone without implementing peer intervention training is ineffective in fostering positive interactions between students with ASD and their typical peers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the literature by evaluating a peer educational intervention designed to promote positive peer relations among students with ASD, as well as, examine the effects of a peer educational intervention on typical peers' perceived level of self-efficacy in interacting with students with ASD.


A field experiment was conducted in the 2021 agricultural season in one of the agricultural fields in Anbar Governorate - Fallujah district to study the effect of treating roots with different concentrations of Mycorrhizal fungi and foliar spraying with different concentrations of Moringa leaf extract and the interaction between them on some vegetative characteristics and concentration of the active substance in Citrullus Colocynthis fruits. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design R.C.B.D with three replications for each treatment. The experiment included 16 treatments resulting from the control treatment, inoculation with three concentrations of mycorrhizal fungi, foliar spraying with three concentrations of moringa leaf extract and the interaction between them, the averages were compared using the least significant difference L.S.D at a probability level of 0.05. The results showed that the inoculation of roots with mycorrhizal fungi gave significant differences in the studied traits, as the inoculation treatment with mycorrhizal fungi at concentration (20 g) for each plant achieved the highest values for some of the traits studied, which significantly outperformed the control treatment without addition in each of the number of flowers, leaf content of Chlorophyll and concentration of active substances (Citrullol, Cucurbitacine, Colocynthine, Colocynthitine).


This article discusses certain key aspects arising from the negotiations leading up to the adoption of a Statute for an International Criminal Court (ICC), to have its seat in The Hague. These aspects include individual criminal responsibility regardless of status as Head of State or constitutional organ and the transformation of international criminal law into domestic law. Also discussed are the two appendices to be added to the Statute pertaining to substantive criminal law and rules of criminal evidence and procedure to be used by the Court. The author argues that the appendix on the law of criminal procedure will be of particular importance to the Netherlands as the host state. The obligations regarding legal assistance of the host state will be dependent on this.


: A taboo is an activity that is forbidden or sacred based on religious beliefs or morals. Taboos are usually culturally specific. That which may be discussed or done in one culture (incest, abortion, out of wedlock pregnancy, forced marriage, same-sex-marriage, legalizing drugs, etc.) may be highly taboo in another culture. Arab and Islamic societies are strongly religious in their values, while in comparison most Western countries are almost always more secular, and hence religion is represented as a barrier that seems to hamper the integration and inclusion of Muslim minorities into Western societies, an element that poses a challenge to the Western lifestyle and may even encourage the legitimacy of public Islamophobic discourses. So, to what extent do Muslim immigrants carry their cultural practices with them, including taboos, and to what extent do they integrate into Western countries, where civic laws have replaced religious sanctions when taboos are broken? The knowledge of taboos and the ability to deal with them is one of the keys to successful integration as a two-way process between Muslim immigrants and the receiving society.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore associations between food-related self-control, intentions, descriptive peer norms, parents' healthy eating guidance and adolescents' consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) in a school lunch setting. An additional aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the measure used to assess food-related self-control in order to reveal potential multi-dimensionality.

Design/methodology/approach
A web-based survey was conducted among 694 Norwegian high school students. Multiple logistic regression was used to explore associations between the independent variables and SSB consumption. Psychometric evaluation of the self-control measure included factor analysis and internal consistency reliability.

Findings
Factor analysis resulted in two food-related self-control dimensions: resistance and avoidance. Multiple logistic regression showed that intentions was the strongest predictor of SSB consumption in the sample. Avoidance and descriptive peer norms appeared as weaker predictors.

Research limitations/implications
Based on the findings, the authors suggest that future studies may consider developing guiding principles on how to create health-promoting eating intentions in adolescents, how to deal with peer norms related to foods and beverages and how to avoid tempting stimuli in the environment. Such strategies may be helpful when structural changes in the environment are not feasible in the near future.

Originality/value
An original aspect of the present study is that it includes a psychometric analysis of a supposedly one-dimensional self-control measure. Further, it adds to the knowledge about variables associated with adolescent SSB consumption in a school lunch context.


Ketoprofen is the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which is a propionic acid derivative and is a non-selective COX-inhibitor. It is frequently used in case of osteo and rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory conditions. This drug having side effect of gastric ulcer which occur due to free carboxylic acid group present in its structure. Here, we synthesized the ester linked prodrugs of ketoprofen conjugated with different phytophenols. All the synthesized chemical entities were characterized by IR-spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. All the prodrugs showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect and less ulcerogenic potential.


Online clearance system is an internet base research work that will help ease the queuing system in the university's clearance process. Online clearance system will build an effective information management that is very convenient to use for schools since it is internet based and can be accessed from anywhere. It is aimed at developing a computer software system that replaces the manual method of clearance for graduating students and that also help students to carry out their clearance without coming to the various offices for clearance. The designed software will serve as a more reliable and effective means of undertaking students clearance, remove all forms of delay and stress as well as enable you to understand the procedure involved, as well as how to do your clearance online. This project work makes use of data collection from the university, materials and journals from various authors and the software was developed to effectively achieve the aim of the project. In this project, the implementation of the computer based system was carried out using PHP language, Html, CSS and the database for the software is MySQL.


Case Report Gallbladder metastases (GBM) may be rare, but they are not exceptional. An autopsy series has found that up to 6% of cancer patients presented with GBM [1]. Different types of cancer can spread to the gallbladder. The most common primary cancer to is malignant melanoma, which may do so in up to 20% of cases [2]. Other tumors that show clinically significant metastasis to the gallbladder include renal cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the breast, gastric cancer. Only a few cases of GBM were reported in patients with colon cancer. Here we present a case of a 62 years old female patient, admitted for a tumor in the left (descending) cancer, with a mild tenderness in the right hypochondrium. CT scan showed a stage II colon cancer, with gallbladder lithiasis. The case was managed with a laparoscopic colectomy along with a cholecystectomy. Histological examination of the gallbladder revealed an adenocarcinoma of colon origin. Only few cases of colon cancer metastasizing to the gallbladder were reported in English literature [3, 4].


Papazafiropoulou ∞, Tentolouris ¡, Katsilambros ¡. Novel cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes mellitus. ∏ellen Diabetol Chron 2008; 1: 23-33. It is known that diabetic patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The classical risk factors explain only a part of the excess cardiovascular risk among patients with diabetes mellitus. Large scale studies have shown that the novel cardiovascular risk factors, including increased plasma homocysteine, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, uric acid levels, and increased white blood cells count as well as low adiponectin levels, might explain the increased cardiovascular risk among diabetic patients. This review examines recent literature data on the effect of these newer risk factors on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in subjects with diabetes.


Purpose of the work is to evaluate the rate of coexistence of thyroid and parathyroid glands abnormalities (mostly – primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) on the own clinical surgical thyroid practice, and to estimate the risk of postoperative hypocalcaemia according to different extent of simultaneous operations. Materials and Methods. During 2006-2011 years 5261 patients with different thyroid pathology were operated: 2170 with nodular goiter, 745 – with Graves' disease, 2324 – with thyroid cancer and 22 – with Hashimoto thyroiditis. Totally 4321 thyroidectomies and 940 hemithyroidectomies were performed. All patients were undergone screening of serum calcium. In case of elevated or upper-normal calcium concentration of parathormone was explored. Postoperative calcium and signs of hypocalcaemia were monitored postoperatively among different groups of patients. Results. Hypercalcaemia and upper-normal serum calcium were observed in 241 (4.4%). Farther investigation revealed PHPT у 218 patients (4.1%). Different extent of surgery and various types of mutual localization of thyroid and parathyroid lesions bring different risks of postoperative hypocalcaemia: from 44% up to 92%. Conclusion. PHPT is not rare coexistent disease in thyroid surgery (more than 4%). Simultaneous operations increase the risk of postoperative hypocalcaemia. The most prominent risk and severity of hypocalcaemia were observed for total thyroidectomy and single parathyroidectomy – 84 %, or hemithyroidectomy and contrlateral single parathyroidectomy – 85-92 %. It demand the relevant prognostic evaluation and prophylactic measures..


In order to solve efficiently the problem that adjacent buildings might be destroyed by an open pit deep hole blasting vibration,the blasting vibration was firstly measured in real-time two times by using a blasting vibration signal measuring system in an open limestone site.The measured data under the original blasting parameters of the blasting vibration were processed with the one variant linear regression analysis.The attenuation law of blasting vibration wave propagation was obtained.At the same time,using the method of dynamic finite element analysis,the dynamic effects of the open pit deep hole blasting vibration on adjacent buildings were investigated under blasting load.Finally,the dynamic effects obtained using the numerical analysis and the field measured ones were compared.The results showed that the oscillograms of blasting vibration velocity obtained with the dynamic effects numerical analysis method agree well with those gained using field monitoring;the numerical analysis results of blasting vibration velocity and those of acceleration are basically similar to each other in change laws and trends;blasting vibration can be reduced when initiation sequence and blasting direction of open-air blasting are changed.


A methodology using design-for-manufacturability (DFM) layout guidelines as a basis for modeling and detecting systematic defects was proposed earlier. In this paper, we show that this methodology can be extended to prioritize layout locations according to the importance of applying DFM guidelines to them. Prioritization is done based on test considerations including coverage and test set size. In particular, this methodology can identify layout locations where failure to follow a DFM guideline may result in test holes due to hard-to-detect defects. The prioritized list can be used by layout tools to create circuits that are easier to test.


The increasing incidence of ectopic pregnancies in Great Britain can be partly attributed to increasing use of IUDs, specifically, type of IUDs used. 1st-generation devices (e.g., Lippes Loop, Dalkon Shield, Saf-T-Coil) have an ectopic pregnancy rate of 5%, while 2nd generation (Copper-7 and Copper-T) devices have about 2% ectopic pregnancy rate. 3rd-generation devices have a higher proportion of ectopic pregnancies compared with 2nd generation devices. A calculation of number of ectopic pregnancies per million users of IUDs per year (derived from data on pregnancy rates and proportion of ectopic pregnancies from the pregnancy rates) shows that 1st generation devices have 4 times the risk of causing ectopic pregnancies among users (or 1-year pregnancy rate of 1.8-5.6 per 100 women) compared with 2nd generation devices. Thus, 1st generation devices should be eliminated from the market to reduce risk of ectopic pregnancy.


A flexible self-healing system capable of healing puncture damage has been manufactured. Our material consists of three layers: a poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) composite, embedded with a self-healing microcapsule system, sandwiched between two layers of poly(urethane) coated nylon. The total structure thickness ranges between 0.84 and 1.5 mm. A protocol is established in which samples are damaged using a hypodermic needle or a razor blade, and a successful heal is defined as the ability to reseal the damage to withstand a pressure differential across the laminate of 103 kPa (∼1 atm). Trends in healing success are analyzed as a function of microcapsule size, self-healing layer thickness, and puncture diameter. Healing varied significantly with microcapsule size, with the maximum healing success rate (100% successfully healed) occurring in samples with 220 µm microcapsules and a puncture diameter of 0.49 mm. For this puncture size, an increase in microcapsule diameter corresponds to a decrease in healing efficiency. However, samples with larger microcapsules (up to 500 µm avg.) demonstrate more effective healing for larger puncture diameters, up to 1.61 mm. Additionally, healing increased with composite layer thickness, and decreased with increasing puncture hole size.


A 17-membered O2N3-donor macrocycle has been appended to a derivatized silica gel substrate, and the binding and selectivity properties of the functionalized surface towards CO11, Ni11 CU11, Zn11 and Cd11 in aqueous solution have been investigated. Metal uptake was found to be concentration-dependent with the maximun (saturation) loading capacity in all cases being less than the 'theoretical' amount based on the calculated degree of polymer functionalization present. Metal loading and leaching both occurred readily in aqueous media; the loading studies were performed at near-neutral pH whereas metal leaching was carried out by using either dilute (hydrochloric) acid or aqueous ammonia solution. The functionalized silica underwent no degradation during repeated loading/leaching cycles, and, under similar conditions, its binding capacity is highest for CU11 relative to the other ions investigated. The observed binding order was CO11 ZnIIand this sequence parallels the respective log K values for the complexes of the free macrocycle. However, the loading order of ZnII > CdII which was observed is the opposite to the corresponding log K values for the unattached complexes. Steric effects involving the silica backbone appear to influence the binding in this case. The insolubilized product may be used to remove selectively CuII in the presence of the other ions mentioned above.


The state-space realization from the given two-variable transfer function has been described using newly defined Markov parameters and a moments of impulse response matrix.


This study is a framing analysis of regional and national newspaper, Internet, and Associated Press news coverage of a legal dispute over the inclusion of a fish symbol on the city seal in the small town of Republic, Missouri. Analysis of news articles revealed 4 frames. First, news reports framed the dispute as trivial. Second, news accounts framed the plaintiff in the lawsuit against the city as a religious outsider because of her Wiccan beliefs. Third, news accounts framed the dispute in terms of grassroots support for the fish symbol and outside meddlers who opposed the fish symbol. The fourth frame cast the dispute in terms of a battle or holy war.


THE USE OF AN ARTIFICIAL femoral head for arthroplasty of the hip joint was first described by Robert and Jean Judet1 of Paris in 1950. The principle of the procedure is the excision of the pathological femoral head and its replacement by an artificial head made of plastic material which is fixed into the upper end of the femur. Many other appliances have been designed as modifications of this type. At this hospital we have used mainly the original Judet type, the vitallium and stainless steel modifications of this model, and the Eicher prosthesis. This latter prosthesis has a long stem for intramedullary fixation and has been developed for cases in which the neck of the femur has been shortened. It is the purpose of this paper to review the


Web allows learners to investigate any question to learn with a large number of Web resources. In such investigative learning, leaners are expected to investigate the question by navigating Web resources/pages to construct their knowledge and decomposing the question into sub-questions. In acquiring skills in such investigative learning, learners need to practice with exercise questions. However, it is hard to define correct knowledge to be constructed for the questions since Web-based investigative learning could result in diverse knowledge as correct one for the same question. Towards this issue, this paper proposes the method with Linked Open Data (LOD) for generating exercise questions, which includes an initial question and sub-questions to be decomposed from an initial question. These sub-questions are extracted and selected as keywords with LOD and Word2vec. This paper also reports a case study with the generation method. The results suggest that it is effective as scaffolding particularly for novice learners.


This paper presents the design and implementation of a workshop based on the integration of Internet-based technologies, for literature research and preparation of citations for freshmen in the career of dentistry (n = 30) enrolled from the morphology class. Most students achieved the proposed competencies; the presentation of a search strategy and a uniform format delivers in better references and best evaluated activities (averaging 4.5 points, up to 5). This research provides new evidence on practices that can be incorporated, give and deliver literacy information, according to training dental curriculum.


A four‐port multiple input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna with common radiating element is proposed for 2.4 GHz Wi‐Fi applications. It comprises a modified circular radiator fed by four identical modified feedlines, partial ground planes, and a diagonal parasitic element (DPE). The parasitic element is used to enhance the interport isolation. The antenna has a 2:1 Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) impedance band 2.34‐2.56 GHz and nearly omnidirectional radiation patterns. The radiation efficiency is more than 79% and gain is 2 dBi at resonant 2.43 GHz. The isolation in the given frequency band is 10 dB. At the 2.43 GHz, the isolation between adjacent ports (1, 2 and 1, 4) is 14 dB and between opposite ports (1, 3) is 12 dB. The mean effective gain (MEG) ≤ −2.7 dB and envelope correlation coefficient is <0.01. The −10 dB total active reflection coefficient bandwidth is 202 MHz. The antenna is designed for a Wi‐Fi device and the effectiveness of antenna has been checked for distance of ½ feet from the human head. The specific absorption rate (SAR) is found to be ≤0.17 W/Kg by CST simulation tool.


FSKKP is using manual Thesis Management System which considered as not efficient to save the entire data of thesis. Thesis can lost easily when manual filing system is used. The current system does not have any secure implementation in order to control this situation. Any unexpected disaster can destroy all the data saved via filing system. Furthermore users have to face difficulties to get access to thesis via manual system as they have to search manually the entire filing system to get a thesis. MegaSeek Engine (MSE) is an information management system which designed for manage thesis of FSKKP final year students. The main objective of this project is to engage all parties in one collaborative online system systematically as a medium in exchanging information for Final Year Project thesis. The entire final year student who finishes their final year project will be able to upload their thesis in this system. This will help the faculty to keep track of final year project title each and every year. PHP, Javascript and HTML language will be used to develop this system and Xampp Server will be used for database as well. Thus this system will help to enhance and standardize FSKKP's thesis management


Being an initiative specialized and uniform legislation style, our country's Administrative Licensing Law blazes new trails but has some shortcomings in trust and protection principle. In administrative compensation, the compensation standards and procedural regulation are dispensable. The conception not annulled illegal administrative licensing in principle isn't reflected and the time exercising abolishment isn't restricted. Adopting a relative property protection for the licensing interest of the administrative relation and the channel in trust and protection isn't established.


Background - Low backache is the 2nd most common reason for all physician visits and it is a condition that affects as many as 80-90% of people during their life time.[1] Sciatica is a relatively common condition with a life time incidence varying from 13-40%. Gridhrasi in Ayurveda is a Rujapradhana Nanatmaja Vatavyadhi, which has similar presentation of sciatica intervenes with the functional ability of low back and lower limbs. Vata Gajankusha Rasa is a potent medicinal preparation, which in classics have mentioned can cure severe form of Gridhrasi in a week. The present study is taken up with the hypothesis that Vata Gajankusha Rasa with Manjishta Kwatha and Pippali Churna as Anupana would be effective in the management of Gridhrasi. Objective - To evaluate the effectiveness of Vatagajankusha Rasa with Pippali Churna and Manjishta Kwatha as Anupana in the management of Gridhrasi (sciatica). Method - Among 40 registered patients 36 of them completed the course of treatment. They were administered with Vatagajankusha Rasa (125mg) twice daily with Pippali Churna (3grams) and Manjishta Kwatha (15ml) as Anupana before food for a period of 7 days. For stastistical analysis subjective and objective parameters were assessed by Wilcoxon signed rank and McNemar test. Result - In the parameters of Gridhrasi, the medicine was found to be statistically significant in relieving the assessment parameters like Ruk, Toda, Sthambha, Aruchi, Gourava (plessthan0.001). In Objective parameters like SLR and Lessagues test, significant relief was observed after statistical analysis. Conclusion - Vatagajankusha Rasa with Pippali Churna and Manjishta Kwatha as Anupana is effective in the management of symptoms of Gridhrasi.


Rural Community was an important issue in the study of economic and social history in modern China.In more than eighty years,there are numerous disputes on weather modern villages in Eastern China and Northern China could be called Rural Community,and the key relationships are country-rural and village-clan.Different analysis and answers are given by both Western and Chinese scholars.After a series of academic review,it has been found that modern villages in Eastern China need further study and research.


The invention discloses a method for preparing a halogen-free high-efficiency flame retardant aryloxy cyclotriphosphazene compound. The flame retardant is a pure white crystal product prepared by reacting sodium phenate and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene serving as raw materials with dioxane serving as a solvent under heating and stirring, filtering and purifying. The preparation method of the flame retardant overcomes the defects of long reaction time, a yellow product color and high production cost existing in the conventional synthesis method commonly. The prepared flame retardant has the characteristics of high efficiency, no halogen, flame retardance, no toxicity, low smoke and the like, has high compatibility with most of organic polymer materials, and has processing stability and using stability.


Data paths are collections of arithmetic elements, buses, registers and multiplexers that usually
account for roughly 80 percent of the area of a complex chip. Unfortunately, gate-level synthesis does not work
well for these elements. Data-path synthesis solves this problem by keeping the design at a conceptually higher
level than gate-level synthesis, thus allowing much larger designs.


Both marked hypercholesterolemia and severe hypertension have been reported to be associated with an enhanced sensitivity of blood platelets to activating agents. To investigate a possible mutual synergistic effect of moderate hypercholesterolemia and mild hypertension on platelet reactivity, we studied in 29 patients the response to aggregating agents. ADP and collagen, and the intracellular cyclic AMP content and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration that participate, respectively, as inhibitory and stimulatory mediators in platelet responses. When compared to age- and blood pressure-matched patients with normal or slightly elevated plasma cholesterol, the patients with total platelet cholesterol higher than 6.4 mM were characterized by a decreased response to collagen and ADP (14.5 ± 3.0 vs. 23.8 ± 2.0 a.u. and 17.7 ± 4.5 vs. 26.9 ± 2.7 a.u., respectively), a tendency to a reduced cAMP content both in the basal state and after phosphodiesterase inhibition by Ro-15 2041 (2.83 ± 0.18 vs. 3.26 ± 0.22 μmol/108 cells and 4.57 ± 0.29 vs. 5.38 ± 0.36 μmol/108 cells, respectively), and no change in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration (190 ± 11 vs. 203 ± 13 nM). After a chronic treatment with nitrendipine (20 mg/day for 6 months), blood pressure, platelet Ca2+i, and cAMP content decreased in the patients with normal or moderately elevated hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.001, < 0.001. and < 0.05. respectively), but these effects were attenuated or absent in the patients with higher hypercholesterolemia. Plasma lipids and the platelet-aggregating response to ADP and collagen were unchanged by this long-term nitrendipine treatment in both groups. These data indicate that hypercholesterolemia can modulate the antihypertensive effect of nitrendipine and its effects on platelet parameters.


Purpose
This study aims to develop a scale for new ways of working (NWW) in higher education institutions in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The study also intends to validate the psychometric properties of the developed scale.

Design/methodology/approach
This study targeted the academic staff of universities in the GCC region. Out of the 1,200 questionnaires distributed, only 1,016 questionnaires represented valid responses. Because there was not a unified theory for NWW, the authors developed a six-dimension tool that covered all virtual work aspects and psychometrically validated.

Findings
The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed a structural model of six factors: flexible work location; work–life balance; communication; workplace design at home; culture and motivation; and satisfaction. The model showed a satisfactory fit. The scale consisted of 32 items with a high Cronbach's alpha value of 0.85, which demonstrated good internal consistency. The results also suggested that the NWW scale had adequate convergent and divergent validity.

Research limitations/implications
The data for the current study is a cross-sectional that represents a single sector; therefore, it would be more interesting to include more sectors. The study findings contribute to the ongoing debate in feasibility and usefulness of NWW pre, during and post-Covid-19 crisis. This research has offered a new scale for measuring NWW that fits dynamic educational environment where continuous learning and innovation are the key critical factors for survival. For this reason, further future studies need to refine, validate and improve the current scale structure. Also, because the current scale is by no means conclusive, future studies may look at other work characteristics and contextual factors that determine the success of NWW.

Practical implications
Practitioners can use the results of the current study as an intervention tool to leverage NWW acceptance to regain benefits and mitigate negative consequences. In addition, policymakers may use the scale as an evaluation tool to examine the readiness of higher education institutions to counter the COVID-19 crisis.

Originality/value
The originality of this work stems from the fact that it is the first study to develop a scale for NWW and test its psychometric properties in higher education institutions in the GCC countries, a domain that has been ignored by the extant literature.


Performance and achievement of company management as measured by the ratio of financial ratios can not be justified because the resulting financial ratios depend on the accounting methods used. So that the company's performance often looks good and improving, in fact performance is not decreased and even increased. For that needed a measuring tool that shows the achievement of management performance. Economic value added (EVA) is a method that can be used for measuring the performance of company management based on the amount of value added created during the specified period. The purpose of this study was to assess the financial performance of PT Gajah Tunggal Tbk during the period 2004-2006 using Economic Value Added (EVA) and provide solutions to improve the EVA in the next year.. Therefore, firms need to improve the EVA in the next period by increasing NOPAT without adding excess capital, reducing existing burdens and operate more efficiently.


Clear-cut changes brought about in a normal thymus by a lympho-exciting stimulus are rather slow to appear, and ~ m specific influences of a lympho-depressing nature such as seasonal and physiological age involution, the variations in weight, or tlie nutritional conditions of the animal may interfere seriously with the specific effect. I n order to avoid these possible causes of error, it is desirable that the lympho-exciting effect may manifest itself wilhin a short time after the stimulus has been applied. With this in view, we have studied the changes taking place in the thymus after exposure to x-rays. Under proper conditions, the thymus may be reduced to less than one-tenth of its original size within 4 days, and regeneration, including restoration of the organ to its former weight, may be completed within a few additional days. The lesions may be localized to the thymus, without any obvious effect on tlie general health of the animal. A quickly detectable acceleration in the normal process of regeneration may be expected if endocrine changes of a lympho-exciting nature a re brought about shortly after irradiation. I n the present work, the lympho-exciting effect has been obtained by way of complete adrenalectomp, an operation which has been shown to brinq about a distinct enlargement of the normal thymus (Jaffe, '24; .Jaffc, '24; With an aid f rom the " Fonds National de 13 Rcclitrchc Scicntifiqnr, ' ' Belgium.


A modification of the conventional (forced vibration) approach is suggested to predict the movement of an elastically supported cylinder as a consequence of the von Karman shedding. Fluidelastic interaction between flow-produced forces and structure deformation is considered; this interaction is essentially ascribed to the variation of the wade width, but, unlike the theory suggested by some authors, the wake is not always widened by an amount equal to the over-all displacement. A comparison with experimental results is provided. It has also been pointed out that, if the damping ratio is less than a critical value, oscillation amplitudes may arise which increase without bound as the velocity increases; in these conditions the vibrational frequency is always very close to the natural frequency of the elastic system.


. Natural gas hydrate (GH) is a significant potential energy source due to its large reserves, wide distribution, high 15 energy density and low pollution. However, the gas production rate of past gas hydrate production tests is much lower than the requirement of commercial gas production. Reservoir stimulation technologies like hydraulic fracture provide one potential approach to enhance gas production from GH. The reservoir reformation behaviour of the hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS), particularly sediments with a high clay content, is a complex process during a hydraulic fracturing operation, which has been poorly understood and thus hardly predictable. This paper presents an experimental facility that was developed to analyze the 20 hydraulic fracture mechanism in synthesized HBS. This facility can be used to form GH in sediments, conduct visual observation of hydraulic fracturing experiments, and measure the permeability of HBS under high pressure (up to 30 MPa) and low-temperature conditions (from 253.15 K to 323.15K). It is mainly composed of a pressure control and injection unit, a low temperature and cooling unit, a cavitation unit, a visual sapphire reactor, and a data acquisition and measurement unit. The hydraulic fracture module is consisting of a gas cylinder, fracturing pump, hopper, proppants warehouse and valves. The 25 sapphire reservoir chamber is applied to observe and measure the fracture of HBS during hydraulic fracturing. The permeability test module is composed of a constant-flux pump and pressure sensors, which can evaluate the permeability performance before and after hydraulic fracture in HBS. The fundamental principles of this apparatus are discussed. Some tests were performed to verify hydraulic fracture tests and permeability tests could be practically applied in the HBS exploitation.


1 The effect of atropine on the nociceptive system was examined in mice and rats by use of the hot‐plate, writhing and tail‐flick tests. 2 Atropine dose‐dependently produced analgesia, no effect and hyperalgesia. Analgesia was observed in both species with doses ranging from 1 to 100 μg kg−1 while hyperalgesia was obtained with 5 mg kg−1. 3 Atropine antinociception was prevented by pirenzepine (0.1 μg per mouse, i.c.v.), dicyclomine (10 mg kg−1, i.p.), atropine‐methylbromide (0.5 μg per mouse, i.c.v.) and hemicholinium‐3 (1 μg per mouse, i.c.v.). Naloxone (1 mg kg−1, i.p.), α‐methyl‐p‐tyrosine (100 mg kg−1, s.c.) and reserpine (2 mg kg−1, i.p.) were ineffective. 4 The site of atropine analgesia is in the CNS since it exerts its antinociceptive effect also when injected i.c.v. (1–10 ng per mouse). Moreover drugs which do not cross the blood‐brain barrier, such as hemicholinium‐3, pirenzepine and atropine methylbromide, were unable to antagonize atropine analgesia if administered i.p. 5 Atropine also in vitro, showed a biphasic action on electrically‐evoked guinea‐pig ileum contractions. Concentrations between 10−14 and 10−12m increased electrically and nicotine‐evoked contractions but did not affect acetylcholine‐ and oxotremorine‐evoked contractions. Concentrations above 10−9m inhibited both electrically‐ and drug (acetylcholine, nicotine and oxotremorine)‐evoked contractions while they were ineffective on unstimulated ileum. 6 On the basis of the above findings, amplification of cholinergic transmission by very low doses of atropine is postulated, through a selective blockade of presynaptic muscarinic autoreceptors, as the likely mechanism of action. 7 Atropine antinociception, unlike oxotremorine antinociception, was obtained without any impairment of mouse rota‐rod performance. 8 The antagonism by pirenzepine and dicyclomine of oxotremorine and atropine antinociception suggests that M1 muscarinic receptor subtypes are responsible for cholinergic analgesia.


The advancement of computational abilities has taken us from the days of machines performing simple, one-dimensional tasks to themselves learning and applying knowns to unknowns. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become integral in daily life, yet there is vast room for application in surgery. Cancer research can divert attention from more prevalent benign diseases which may equally cause a significant impact on quality of life. Here we review recent advancements in the field of AI for diagnostics, management, and prognostication of benign prostatic hyperplasia, evaluating the strengths and limitations of these approaches with implications for future research.


Everyday in hundreds of institutions of higher education throughout the nation thousands of employees report to work and go about their business of completing their assigned duties in small eight hour blocks of time. Within this group of workers exists two distinct groups of individuals who possess unique qualities that make them stand apart from one another. Each practice a special type of work ethic philosophy that helps define it as employees and as people. "Sure, I'll do it." The first group is comprised of those workers that not only show up to work on time every day and work diligently to complete their job tasks, but who also come to work early and stay late. These are the workers that the college comes to rely on. They are the work horses of the college system. These are the faceless individuals who keep the system humming along smoothly. Although they lack any special talent, these are the individuals who volunteer for committee work and special project assignments. They are the people who "help out" in almost every cause without being asked. They are the "go to" people. They are often anonymous and work behind the scene and have learned to blend in. They are almost never well paid, and yet, they are the ones a college can always count on. What makes these individuals so dedicated? What makes them so willing to do so much for so little? While there are several answers to these questions, the most important one lies within the personalities of the individuals themselves. There exists in certain individuals a real desire to prove their worth. These individuals are self motivated. Often they are people oriented. They seek to please others by working hard and they take pride in their efforts. In some cases they are even perfectionists who demand extremely high or even impossible levels of excellence in themselves. They are driven to achieve this excellence and perfection. These individuals are also exceptional team players who place the importance of the school and the work they do over any individual success or acknowledgement. When working with others who may not share such beliefs of perfection and excellence, they assume the added responsibility of "picking up the slack" and doing more than their share to ensure success. When projects are completed they are often too humble to take credit for their extra efforts or any success that resulted from their hard work. They prefer to share the credit equally with colleagues even if they shouldered most of the work burden. It soon becomes apparent to everyone that these individuals are willing to do whatever needs to be done to ensure that the targeted goals are met. Others sometimes take advantage of this fact and these individuals are abused by colleagues who are more than willing to allow them to shoulder the burden and sacrifice their time in order to complete the work. In the process, their welfare soon becomes secondary to the needs of the institution and other individuals. Yet, it seems that no matter how much extra work is asked of them, they find a way to do it. They complete whatever must get done on time and usually do an excellent job in doing so. Interestingly enough, they rarely raise their voices in protest to complain. Seldom, if ever, are these individuals afforded the recognition they deserve. "No way, not me." In the very same workforce though there exists another and quite different type of employee. In sharp contrast to the ever present and hard working group of individuals, there also exist those employees who have mastered the ability to do very little and yet survive, and even at times to thrive, within the college system. In a system that it not merit based, and does not directly reward effort with financial and professional success, these types of individuals have learned that a strong work ethic does not guarantee recognition, nor does effort always lead to commensurate rewards. …


In this study, a true-false test, selected from Analytical Chemistry textbook, was applied to investigate the effects of lesson learned in theoretical and applied in Analytical Chemistry to students' achievement and recall levels. A 30-item test, selected from the basic subjects, was applied to a group of 81 students as the Secondary Chemistry Education Program of Faculty of Education. This group was selected from the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th grades and tried to apply to the groups of approximate twenty students to compare female and male students in every class. As a result of the study, it has been determined that analytical chemistry topics are easier to understand and remember when they are thought as applied in the laboratory. Another result of this study was found that female students were more successful than male students. When the overall female students are taken into account along with the other lessons this is an expected result. One of the expected results of this study is that 2nd grade students were more successful than the other grades due to Analytical Chemistry and its application are given at the 2nd grade in the program. Besides all these results 4th graders are found to be more successful than 5th graders due to teaching of the pedagogical lessons at the last three terms of the program.


The e f fec ts of viscous d i s s i p a t i o n on the flow phenomena and heat t ransfer rate fo r f u l l y developed laminar flow through v e r t i c a l ducts and passages has been analysed under the cond i t i o n of combined free and forced convection. The f l u i d propert ies are considered to be constant except for the va r ia t ion of density in the buoyancy term of the momentum equation. The thermal boundary condit ion of uniform heat f l u x per unit length in the flow d i rec t ion has been considered. The invest igat ion i s ca r r ied out fo r two geometries; (a) C i r cu la r ducts and (b) Concentric a n n u l i . The governing momentum and non l inear energy equations are solved for the c i r c u l a r duct by three methods; ( i ) Power Series Method ( i i ) Ga lerk in 's Method and ( i i i ) Numerical Integration Method. The solut ions for the concentric annuli are obtained by Numerical Integration Method. Results for the v e l oc i t y and temperature d i s t r i b u t i o n in the flow f i e l d are obtained, and information of engineering in te res t l i k e Nusselt numbers have