Objective To study the relationship between rickets and chronic cough in children.Methods A total of 119 cases with chronic cough admitted to Foshan Fifth People's Hospital during Aug.2012 and Oct.2013,were divided into two groups and were all examined for the blood calcium,phosphorus,alkaline phosphatase and 25-hydroxyl vitamin D before and after treatment.54 cases with rickets combined with chronic cough were observation group,65 cases with only chronic cough were control group.Two groups were all treated with synthetic therapy with vitamin D as adjuvant therapy.The biochemical indexes and clinical effect between two groups before and after adjuvant vitamin D therapy were compared.Results Before treatment,the blood Ca and 25-OHD of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group,AKP was significantly higher than the control group(P 0.05);after treatment,the blood Ca and 25-OHD of the observation group were significantly higher than before treatment,AKP decreased significantly than before(all P 0.05).After the use of vitamin D as adjuvant treatment,clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly better than before treatment(P 0.05).Conclusion Rickets is an important factor in the treatment of chronic cough in children,which may lead to the persistent chronic cough.


Transcription and study of the report accomplished by Alberto Onaindia y Zuloaga to attempt to justify that a catholic party, as the PNV, defended the Popular Front, writting with the help of the nationalistic authorities. It was transmitted to the Pope Pius XI at the beginning of the Civil War.


The electron-ion collider eRHIC requires frequent electron bunch replacements to maintain both high luminosity and high polarization in arbitrary spin patterns. If the bunch can be replaced in several steps, the requirements for both the electron gun and the electron accelerator are greatly reduced due to the lower bunch charge. However, a stepwise replacement of electron bunches will give rise to transient effects from the beam-beam interaction that will lead to emittance growth. Such a scheme was tested using one of the RHIC electron lenses with a multiple step increase of the electron current. The test provides an order-of-magnitude estimate of the effect in the absence of any further mitigating measures.


Previously, we had encountered significant autofluorescence (AF) in Leydig cells in the testis. Leydig autofluorescence often represents a barrier to effectively analyzing and depicting the expression of proteins by testicular Sertoli cells. Biological AF is an intrinsic property of cells and tissues, and intrinsic autofluorescence of some tissues can serve as a useful diagnostic indicator in certain disease situations. However, it is often an obstacle to immunofluorescence‐based analyses by masking and interfering with specific fluorescent signals. Hence, the need to reduce tissue AF is imperative for a successful visualization of co‐localizing proteins. Therefore, we sought to utilize the fat‐soluble diazo dye Sudan Black B (SBB) to reduce undesirable autofluorescence in our samples. Following treatment of the testis tissue sections with Sudan Black B for 10–15 min, the intrinsic fluorescence was significantly masked, allowing specific staining of Sertoli and Leydig cells with antibodies against SOX9 and DDX4. Additionally, we sought to use an alternative fluorescent nuclear stain, as 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) produces insufficient labeling in the nuclear of testis cells fixed with Bouin's solution, which is used more commonly than formaldehyde solutions in testis research. As a result, we have developed protocols to significantly 1) treat tissue with SBB to reduce autofluorescence, and 2) improve fluorescent nuclear staining in mouse testis, without changing fixative solutions. These protocols can be used separately or together and can be altered to fit optimal experimental parameters. The method developed in this study will improve the visualization of multiple AF signals.


This paper provides a detailed analysis of reportative evidentials in imperative sentences, drawing on original fieldwork in Tagalog and Yucatec Maya. Previous literature presents two distinct views of such sentences, which we dub 'imperative-by-proxy' and 'neutral report' views. Based on a range of data across different sorts of imperative uses in different sorts of contexts, we argue for a version of the 'imperative-by-proxy' theory and propose a formal analysis with theory of illocutionary updates.


Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD), which provides an opportunity newborn to suckle themselves in the mother within the first hour of life. In Indonesia, only 4% of mothers who carry IMD, while in Riau approximately 51.2% and in Bengkalis in Puskesmas Lubuk Muda only about 47.2% Young mothers who carry IMD. IMD is defined as the process of letting the baby suckle their own after birth. Put her baby and the baby's chest with all his efforts searching for the nipple to suckle immediately. The time period immediately after delivery. This research method is quantitative analytic with cross sectional design. Research conducted at the sub-district Puskesmas Young Siak Kecil Lubuk Bengkalis. Population and research subjects are all mothers with babies 0-12 months from June 2014 - May 2015 as many as 311 people. Data is collected using primary data, then processed using the chi-square statistic test with significance level α = 5% (0.05). The results showed that there is a relationship between knowledge (p-value 0.001 0.05) with the implementation of the IMD. Recommended to the Health Center Lubuk Young that the role and function of Health Education Society (PKM) is further enhanced especially by providing health education related about the IMD, for health personnel, especially midwives in the delivery room to support IMD on each mother with spontaneous labor in a healthy state.


Anomalies which were previously reported in the intensity ratios of electron capture to positron emission for ..beta.. transitions from /sup 145/Gd to 12 levels in /sup 145/Eu have been shown to be nonexistent. The ..gamma.. spectrum of /sup 145/Gd has been measured and the total ..beta.. feeding to high-energy levels has been estimated. A revised Q value was determined: Q/sub epsilon/MeV.


The relative resistances of lucerne (Medicago sativa) lines to the spotted alfalfa aphid (SAA) ( Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) f. maculata) and the blue-green aphid (BGA) (Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji) are generally assessed as seedlings and not as mature plants. To determine if the orders of resistances dre maintained, two separate glasshouse experiments assessed the relative resistances of 11 and 12 lucerne lines after infestation by SAA and BGA respectively at these stages: seedling, regrowth after cutting, and mature growth. Relative resistance between growth stages was compared by measuring aphid populations, percentage plant mortality and percentage yield reduction of surviving plants, and correlating the ranking for those indices. There was no change in the order of resistance to SAA between growth stages. Plants of both mature-age growth stages were, however, more tolerant of SAA than were seedlings. The technique employed in the experiment did not discriminate for resistance to BGA, though the yield of all lines was reduced by BGA. The implications of these findings are briefly discussed.


This study examined daytime mood, stress, and drinking-related consequences as predictors of evening alcohol use. Twenty-four moderate to heavy drinkers completed diaries twice daily for 28 days. Results of hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated daytime negative mood states predicted higher levels of evening alcohol use, whereas negative drinking-related consequences predicted lower levels of subsequent alcohol use. Clinical implications include emphasizing negative drinking-related consequences in enhancing client motivation to change. Results also support routine assessment of anxiety and depressed mood to help clinicians identify risk factors for drinking and provide intervention strategies targeting negative mood states to improve treatment outcomes.


A critical amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to coronary blood flow (CBF) regulation; however, oxidative stress impairs CBF regulation. We have previously demonstrated TRPV1‐dependent coupling of CBF to metabolism is disrupted in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Accordingly, we hypothesized that basal levels of H2O2 stimulate TRPV1 whereas enhanced oxidative stress desensitizes TRPV1 via an H2O2 dependent post translational modification involving the lipid peroxidation product 4‐Hydroxynonenal (4‐HNE). Using contrast echocardiography, H2O2 dose‐dependently increased CBF in control and TRPV1−/− mice, yet was greater in controls compared to TRPV1−/−. Similarly, H2O2 potentiated capsaicin‐mediated CBF increases in controls. H2O2 caused robust dilation in control coronary microvessels (blunted in the presence of the TRPV1 inhibitor SB366791 and in TRPV1−/− vessels), suggesting H2O2 induced vasodilation occurs in part via TRPV1. H2O2 induced Ca2+ influx was TRPV1 dependent in HEK and TRPV1−/− endothelial cells (ECs) transfected with TRPV1 and further verified using Ca2+ imaging and electrophysiology. Lastly, ECs incubated with H2O2 (1hr) and 4‐ HNE (1hr) demonstrated increased 4‐HNE levels and 4‐HNE modified TRPV1 via western/co‐immunoprecipitation. These data suggest low levels of H2O2 can potentiate TRPV1 however, increased ROS concentrations as seen in DCM can lead to enhanced 4‐HNE levels which modulate TRPV1 and disrupt its signaling, resulting in tissue perfusion impairments.


Image simplification reduces the information content of an image while preserving as much as possible its essential features, being frequently used as a preprocessing stage in several algorithms to suppress undesired details such as noise. In this paper, we explore the scale-space properties of a toggle operator defined using mathematical morphology operations. The scale-space theory is a multiscale representation approach where the inherent multiscale nature of real-world images is represented by embedding the original signal into a family of simplified signals, created by successively removing image structures across scales. Some image segmentation examples demonstrate that the use of simplified images significantly improves the results.


This paper examines cuttability of selected rocks in south-western (S/W) Nigeria. Rock samples from this region were tested for rebound hardness value, uniaxal compressive strength, and silica content using Schmidt hammer, 1100KN compression machine and X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer, respectively. These properties were correlated with the cutting rate of the rock samples. The regression carried out gives values of R = 0.863, R = 0.861 and R = 0.860 for cutting rate and rebound hardness value, uniaxal compressive strength and silica content, respectively. This shows that there is a strong linear relationship between the cutting rate and the three rock properties investigated. The model equations from this regression could be used to estimate the cuttability of granite and limestone from this zone.


Instanton effects may have implications for hadronization of quark-gluon plasma as it cools. Here we study dispersion relations of mesons in a strongly coupled plasma with an instanton background present. It will be shown that at higher energies the instanton effect diminishes and some comments on the limiting velocity of mesons in the plasma. the profile function of mesons on the gravity side is considered also because of its relevance to energy loss of quark in plasma.


Introduction: A patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model and irrespective of genetic profile can help guiding our treatment in progressive and resistant Ewing Sarcoma (ES) patients progressed after Doxorubicin containing regimens. Patients and methods: In our study, the PDOX mice established model with ES were divided into two arms once tumor mass exceeded 60 mm3: (1) untreated control (2) irinotecan plus temozolomide (irinotecan: intra-peritoneal injection; temozolomide: orally, daily for 14 days). A similar study was carried out on patients from whom the graft was taken. We have collected data from 35 patients of ES: diagnosed, treated and progressed after the first line chemotherapy. Those patients received oral temozolomide 100mg/m2 on days 1 through 5 plus IV irinotecan 10-20 mg/m2/day on days 1 through 5 and day 8 through 12 (repeated every 3-4 weeks). results: Irinotecan plus temozolomide was found to be an effective combination when compared to the untreated control (p = 0.022) in mice model where tumor shrinkage was observed on day 10. To assure these findings, we have conducted in part, a study employing both Temozolomide and irinotecan in patients resistant to Doxorubicin containing regimens and demonstrating EWS-ERG fusion and CDKN2A loss. However, the same protocol was used to the same patient where the graft was taken showing not complete concordance between the lab and real practice. conclusion: PDOX is a good model to test a library of drugs on. It shows to be a promising method in several studies and in ours as well. Studies demonstrated that the combination of temozolomide/irrinotecan is effective in ES patients in progression after Doxorubicin resistance. KEYWOrDs: Ewing Sarcoma; Xenograft; Progression; ERG; EWS; CDKN2A


Tax compliance (TC) is one of the most long-standing issues in the world which becomes a concern to many governments. In Jordan, high percentage of individual taxpayers such as medical doctors, engineers, and lawyers are not complying with tax law. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect the TCB (TCB) of high-income individual taxpayers in Jordan. This study extends the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) with some selected variables namely moral intensity, customs tax, and fairness. The population of this study is the high-income individual taxpayers working as medical doctors, engineers, and lawyers in Jordan. A stratified random sampling technique was used in this study. A total of 485 complete and usable responses were collected using a questionnaire survey. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Smart Partial Least Square (PLS). The findings showed that moral intensity is the most important predictor of BI followed by attitude, perceived behavioural control and SN. The findings showed that complexity affected negatively the attitude toward tax law while fairness has a positive and significant effect on attitude toward tax law. The behavioural intention affected positively the TCB. Customs tax moderated negatively the effect of attitude on behavioural intention.


The highly competitive and rapidly changing market for online services is becoming increasingly effective at locking users in through the coercive effects of switching costs. Although the information systems field increasingly recognizes that switching costs plays a big part in enforcing loyalty, little is known about what factors users regard as switching costs or why they perceive these costs. Consequently, it is hard for online services to know what lock-in strategies to use and when to apply them. We address this problem by first developing a theory-driven structure of online users' perceived switching costs that distinguishes between vendor-related and user-related factors. We then propose that important antecedent influences on switching costs from economic value, technical self-efficacy, and past investments are more complex and intertwined than previously thought. We empirically validated the proposed model using data collected from home users of Internet service providers. Our findings demonstrate that an online service's economic value more heavily influences users' perceptions of vendor-related switching costs than does technical self-efficacy. However, users' technical abilities outweigh economic value in influencing user-related switching costs. Furthermore, although we confirmed the commonly held notion that deeply invested users are generally more vulnerable to lock-in, we also found that this relationship is contingent on users' technical abilities. Finally, we found that our multidimensional measure of switching costs is a valid predictor of user loyalty and is more powerful than previous global measures. Overall, this study uncovered a finer network of switching-cost production than had been previously established and suggests a new approach to modeling and exploiting online users' perceived switching costs.


A research activity plays a vital role in our life. The outcome of the research generates positive and useful results which helps the human being to run the quality life. Every research has various stages and the researcher may have to use the different tools and techniques as part of the research so that the outcome can be obtained appropriately. Every research has its nature, expectations, field of study and data collection. It is important to align the research activities with the contemporary technology and innovation so that the research can be conducted efficiently. In this paper, we discuss the need for innovation and technology in the research and how it could help a researcher to pursue the research effectively. We have explained the technology and innovative ideas used for our academic research and how they contribute to show the difference in research outcome in various ways.


In this paper, a new method for computing eigenvalue and eigenvector derivatives of asymmetric non‐conservative systems with distinct eigenvalues is presented. Several approaches have been proposed for eigenderivative analysis of systems with asymmetric and non‐positive‐definite mass, damping and stiffness matrices. The proposed formulation that is developed by combining the modal and algebraic methods neither have the complications of modal methods in calculating the complex left and right eigenvector derivatives nor suffer from numerical instability problems usually associated with algebraic methods. The method is applied to a functionally graded material (FGM) plate actively controlled by piezoelectric sensor/actuators. In this system, the feedback signal applied to each actuator patch is implemented as a function of the electric potential in its corresponding sensor patch. The use of this closed‐loop controlling system leads to a non‐self‐adjoint system with complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors. A finite element model is developed for static and dynamic analysis of closed‐loop controlled FGM plate. The first‐ and second‐order approximations of Taylor expansion are used to estimate the corresponding changes in the plate modal properties due to change in design parameters (the displacement feedback gains and the piezoelectric layer thickness in each S/A pair). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Ross syndrome is a rare dysautonomia characterized by a clinical complex of segmental anhidrosis or hypohidrosis, areflexia, and tonic pupils. A very few cases (≃50) have been reported in literature since its original description in 1958. Here, we report the case of a middle-aged homemaker from Odisha, India, who presented with complaints of segmental hypohidrosis for the past 7 years.


Background: WHO declared SARS-CoV-2 as pandemic. COVID-19 patients present primarily with respiratory symptoms. Prone position hasbeen traditionally used in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to improve oxygenation. Awake proning is being used as an investigational therapy in COVID to defer invasive ventilation, improve oxygenation, and outcomes. Hence, we conducted this retrospective case study to eval ate benefits of awake proning with oxygen therapy in non-intubated COVID patients. Methods: A retrospective study of 50 COVID patients admitted at DCHC Parour and MSH, Palakwah, Una was conducted. Co-operative patients who were hemodynamically stable and SpCh 90 to <93% on presentation were included. Oxygen was administered through facemask, non-rebreathing mask and nasal prongs to patients as per requirement. Patients were encouraged to maintainprone position and target time was 10-12 hours/day. SpO2 and P/f ratio in supine and prone position was observed till discharge. Primary targetwas SpO2> 95% and P/f > 200 mm Hg. Results: The mean SpCh on room air on admission was 80%. In day 1 to 3, the mean P/f ratio in supine position was 98.8 ± 29.7 mm Hg whichimproved to 136.6 ± 38.8 mm Hg after proning (p = 0.005). The difference was significant from day 1 to day of discharge. Conclusion: Awake prone positioning showed marked improvement in SpO2 in COVID-19


Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (TPIV) was used to study the initial transition process formed in a free jet between the laminar flow at th e jet exit, and the fully turbulent flow region at Re=6500. The evolution of the turbulence characteristics in this particular region has been assessed by means o f the invariants of the Velocity Gradient Tensor (VGT). T hese invariants enable us to study the dynamics, geometry and topology of the flow. A mapping from the three-dimensional flow fields to a two dimension al invariants plane is used to analyze the dissipation of kinetic energy at small scales and the amplific ation of local vorticity due to vortex stretching. A systema tic study of the event that represents the persiste nt alignment of the vorticity vector with the second e igenvector of the rate of strain tensor was examine d, and the results of this phenomenon at the near-field of the jet are discussed. Results show that vorticity vector, ω, maintains its alignment with the intermediate eigen vector of the rate of strain tensor, υ2, in the developing region by either the rotation of the intermediate e igenframe or the tilting of ω.


This paper was delivered as the Randall Park Lecture at the University of Kentucky College of Law. It addresses the consequences of nearly two decades of lawyer mobility and law firm destablization and the effects of these trends on the professional development of inexperienced lawyers. It also offers thoughts on how lawyer mobility is, or at least should be, bringing into sharper focus the professional education mission of law schools.


The following paper contains a description of a computer program that constructs hierarchical semantic networks from natural language texts in simulating completely and precisely the meaning of the input text. The program works with a formal grammar describing sentences syntactically and a formal semantic stransducing texts to networks dependent on their syntactic description. The networks' nodes have concepts or again networks, as their values. The networks' edges are many-place relations among the concepts respectively networks. They are realized as reference structures. The program in its fietual state works on domains which art to comprehend sematically rather well: A network has been constructured automatically for the area of general topology from a compendi urn's definitions (N. Bourbaki. E lenient s of Mathcmatics. General topology). Another one is being constructed for the area of computer science.


This article presents a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$W$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band rectenna unit that incorporates a novel CMOS switching rectifier and a print tapered slot antenna. The operation principle of the switching rectifier is analyzed. The proposed rectifier topology shows improved reliability, and it utilizes the body-diode effect (BDE) to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE). Besides, a high-gain <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$W$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band antipodal linearly tapered slot antenna is implemented on PCB to improve the overall efficiency. In order to demonstrate the utility of the proposed rectenna unit for large-scale rectenna array, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (parallel) and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (series-parallel) rectenna arrays in 40-nm bulk CMOS technology and PCB process have been implemented. The switching rectifier achieves a peak PCE of 45.8% at 94GHz with improved reliability. Occupying only 0.0756 mm2, the overall PCEs of the rectenna unit and the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> rectenna array are 25% and 23%, delivering 5.6- and 20-mW output dc power, respectively, at 90-mW/cm2 incident power density. The proposed rectifier and rectenna array achieve the highest PCE among recently reported <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$W$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band rectifiers and rectenna arrays with different technologies.


Mastermind was created in the seventies, when an Israeli telecommunications expert called Mordecai Meirowitz created a new cunning and logic game. A Mastermind session played by human players is typically short as it takes about twenty minutes. Such feature is ideal for online implementations but one of the problems of traditional board games like Mastermind is its poor attractiveness comparing to the new generation of video games. In order to reduce this gap, the main goal of this research was to port the Mastermind game to a 3D environment increasing the possible interest for players. This goal has been successfully achieved as this implementation presents a fully functional game logic module, a conventional 3D interface that has also been ported to an AR (augmentation reality) environment using ARToolKit. This platform proved to be efficient, because relevant requisites in this domain were satisfactorily met when tested on homogeneous lit environments. The obtained results were quite good, mainly in what concerns taking a hugely popular game to a completely new interaction paradigm. In terms of pattern recognition the AR solution proved to be suitable for the case at a hand. These results were achieved even with low brand webcams and computing platforms. In fact memory consumption was kept to a minimum due to the usage of appropriate data-structures.


What's the Problem, and How Do You Diagnose It? Everyone loses some hair every day but through your younger life, that kind of hair loss is normally gradually replaced by new hair. With aging, many men and some women may gradually lose hair in a traditional age-related type of balding, and this hair may never be replaced. Neither of these processes are of concern, and despite wild claims there are few therapies that are effective remedies for these natural processes. What is much more concerning is sudden, rapid, or severe hair loss. If you suddenly begin to see clumps of hair on your pillow or collecting around your shower drain in quantities much greater than in the past, this would be considered abnormal hair loss.


Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are a major health problem in Zambia. Partner notification, which is a recommended strategy to decrease STD, must be improved. Goal: To assess whether individual counseling of patients with STD, combined with contact slip(s), had any impact on the proportion of sex partners traced in an urban setting in Zambia. Study Design: A randomized trial comprised of 94 women and 302 men with STD. Results: Women and men in the intervention group informed more partners than did those in the control group. In the intervention group, 1.8 partners per man was treated compared to 1.2 in the control group (P < 0.001). There was no difference between the two groups of women. There was a gradual decline from numbers of partners informed to numbers of partners treated according to the patient to number of contact slips filed. Conclusions: Individual counseling of men with STD improved partner notification.


Many-objective optimization problems pose challenges to the Pareto-based multi-objective optimization algorithms. Recent studies have suggested that decomposition is a promising method to improve the performance of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms on many-objective optimization problem. Various methods based on decomposition have been developed to solve many-objective problems in recent years. However, the existing experimental comparative studies are usually limited to only a few methods based on decomposition. This paper offers a systematic comparison of seven representative decomposition-based approaches tested on two groups of widely used problems. The experimental results have demonstrated that none of the compared algorithms has a clear advantage over the others, although different algorithms are competitive on different test problems. Therefore, a careful selection of algorithms is necessary in handling a many-objective problem in hand.


Using a glancing synchrotron X-ray beam (Advanced Photon Source, Beamline 12BM, Argonne National Laboratory), Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns from thermally grown oxides on NiAl samples were recorded during oxidation at 1000 or 1100 C in air. The diffraction patterns were analyzed to determine strain and phase changes in the oxide scale as it developed and evolved. Strain was obtained from measurements of the elliptical distortion of the Debye-Scherrer rings, where data from several rings of a single phase were used. Results were obtained from {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} as well as from the transition alumina, in this case {theta}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, which formed during the early stage. Compressive stress was found in the first-formed transition alumina, but the initial stress in {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} was tensile, with a magnitude high enough to cause Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} fracture. New {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} patches nucleated at the scale/alloy interface and spread laterally and upward. This transformation not only puts the alpha alumina in tension, but can also cause the transition alumina to be in tension. After a complete {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} layer formed at the interface, the strain level in {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} became compressive, reaching a steady state level around -75 MPa atmore » 1100 C. To study a specimen's response to stress perturbation, samples with different thickness, after several hours of oxidation at 1100 C, were quickly cooled to 950 C to impose a compressive thermal stress in the scale. The rate of stress relaxation was the same for 1 and 3.5 mm thick samples, having a strain rate of {approx} 1 x 10{sup -8}/s. This behavior indicates that oxide creep is the major stress relaxation mechanism.« less


We study suspensions of deformable (viscoelastic) spheres in a Newtonian solvent in plane Couette geometry, by means of direct numerical simulations. We find that in the limit of vanishing inertia the effective viscosity $\mu$ of the suspension increases as the volume-fraction occupied by the spheres $\Phi$ increases and decreases as the elastic modulus of the spheres G decreases; the function $\mu(\Phi, G)$ collapses to an universal function, $\mu(\Phi_e)$, with a reduced effective volume fraction $\Phi_e(\Phi,G)$. Remarkably, the function $\mu(\Phi_e)$ is the well-known Eilers fit that describes the rheology of suspension of rigid spheres at all $\Phi$. Our results suggest new ways to interpret macro-rheology of blood.


Taurine,an important nutrient in human and animals,has extensive biological roles in eliminating free radicals,resisting lipid peroxidation,regulating osmotic pressure,maintaining fluid balance and the intracellular calcium homeostasis and participating in sugar and amino acid metabolism.Taurine can also significantly improve exercise capacity.In this review,distribution and metabolism of taurine in human body are introduced,the studies on its function and the relationship with exercise capacity are summarized.


The strength and usefulness of a rating scale for describing disease evolution relies on the accurate determination of variations representing clinically relevant changes. In this sense, the habitually used Hoehn-Yahr (HY) Scale for Parkinson Disease (PD) in its modified version distinguishes between the 2 and 2.5 stages to explain if the bilateral involvement is or is not accompanied by body balance impairment. Nevertheless, this scaling does not allow for differentiating the symptoms and signs associated with each stage accurately. Considering this difference, this work aims at analyzing some gait parameters-stance and swing phase times and magnitude of the vertical component of ground reaction force during the gait cycle-of PD patients classified as HY=2 and HY=2.5 in contrast with healthy subjects (HY=0), with the purpose of assessing whether there is a statistically significant difference among all these HY categories. For all gait parameters evaluated, the results indicated significant differences between HY=0 and HY=2.5. However, only the magnitude of the vertical component of ground reaction force presented relevant differences between HY=2 and 2.5. As expected, therefore, these results show the potential of such parameter to clinimetrically identify the level of gait impairment/disability in PD patients on the Hoehn-Yahr Scale.


Abstract Case studies of email and video conferencing projects between partners in educational institutions in England and France are presented as a means of identifying the key issues that lead to the success of such activities. The writers, all of whom have a long history of being involved in such projects with schoolchildren and teachers, then consider the continuing failure of most educational institutions to make appropriate use of such technologies and practices despite the growing evidence for their efficacy. They suggest that key issues to be addressed include access to technology, support for teachers, understanding of pedagogical potential and the structuring of projects.


Although the study of deviance has been prevalent in the criminal justice literature, there is very little discussion as to the types of deviant acts committed by correctional employees. This may be because prisons are what Goffman (1961) refers to as "total institutions" in his classic study of asylums. This study employed self-report questionnaires with 501 Texas prison employees. Based on the data, our findings indicate that respondents were likely to perceive high levels of institutional deviance during the course of their eight-hour shifts. Also, subjects who reported "feeling cared for" by at least someone in the prison agency tended to perceive more deviance than other respondents or vice versa. We discuss these findings and their implications in detail.


Rough set theory proposed by Pawlak, is a complementary generalization of classical set theory. The relations between rough sets and algebraic systems endowed with two binary operations such as rings, groups and semigroups have been already considered. Wu, Xie and Cao defined a pair of rough approximation operators based on a sub-space. In this paper we do the further study about the upper (lower)approximations. We propose concepts of W-upper(lower) rough subspaces in an approximation space and give some properties of the upper(lower) and rough subspaces. Some characterizations of the upper(lower) rough subspace are expressed with addition and intersection operations of subspaces. At the same time, some counterexamples are offered to illustrate the relevant results.


Objective To discuss the effects of Surgical treatment of dislocation of lens secondary glaucoma.Methods Operation was performed in 36 cases(38 eyes)with dislocation of lens secondary glaucoma.Different operative methods were applied according to various clinical features.Results Effective power was 89.47%.Corrected visual acuity afteroperation were elevated in 34 eyes,keep constant in 2 eyes,became worse in 2 eyes.Intraocular pressure keep normal in 92.1% eyes.Conclusion Choose suitable surgical opportunity and different operative methods according to various clinical features can control Intraocular pressure effectively and improved visual acuity.


Background: Glioma a common type of the brain tumor, which originates in the glial cells that surround and support neurons in the brain, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and ependymalcells. Objectives: This study is aiming to investigate the role of MRS in patients in diagnosis of brain glioma. Patients and methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study recruit 30 patients, who were referred to the Radio-diagnosis Department of South Valley University Hospitals for suspected glioma from neurosurgery department during the period from February 2018 to Aug 2021 the study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of South valley University hospitals (Ref No Code Ms-4–2018, Date of approval 10–02-2018). and it was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee of our hospital. Results: The study included 30 patients with age ranged from six to 72 years old. The lesions within the repetitive tumor group had essentially higher Cho/Cr ratios than those within the radiation damage group (p < 0.0001; SE, 0.18), and these, also, had vitally higher Cho/Cr proportions than the typical white matter of 6 patients (p = 0.0003; SE, 0.09). In differentiating tumor versus non-tumor lesions, the sensitivity and specificity of Cho/NAA ratio greater than 2.0 was 96% and 70%, respectively. For ratios higher than 2.5, the sensitivity and specificity to detect tumors was 97% and 86%, respectively. Conclusion: MRS examination was greatly beneficial in differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions and decrease for stereotactic brain biopsy. However, further studies are required to confirm the


We investigate the information contained in the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and the U.S. Constant Maturity Treasury (CMT) term structure of interest rates and report three novel findings. First, we document that the information contained in term structures are significantly different from one another. Second, we provide evidence of a significant change in the nature of this difference as the financial crisis began. Third, we find that the significant changes in the information content of CMT and LIBOR are consistent with significant shocks to credit default swap rates and tenor swap rates.


Background : The clinical effect of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is based on the production and elimination of cyclobilirubin. Generally, the clinical effect of light sources is estimated by the reduction in the total serum bilirubin level. One procedure with less invasiveness than blood collecting is urine collection. Whether the effectiveness of light sources used for phototherapy could be assessed using measurements of bilirubin photoisomers in urine was studied.


Camphor toxicity is common and under reported toxicity of substance especially among children less than 6 year age. (1) Exploratory ingestion or cutaneous applications are common route. Camphor is widely available in household, used in religious ceremonies, as fumigant, insect repellent, pain relieving syrups or emollients, vaporizers etc. Gastrointestinal and central nervous symptoms occur commonly after ingestion of camphor products.(1,2) As general belief among people like fumes of camphor can cut chance of respiratory infections(during corona virus pandemic), we came across a case where camphor tablets led to inhalation toxicity where an infant presented with vomiting and loose stool and acute decrease of sensorium. Condition improved and case sent home after 8 hours of hospital stay. Inhalation route of camphor toxicity is under reported, although not uncommon. Wide availability of camphor products in houses within approach of children and exposure of camphor to infants make them vulnerable to toxicity. Hence, awareness about potential toxic and lethal effect of raw camphor products should be raised among general population.


In this study, modeling and simulation works using Aspen Plus were carried out for DME separation and purification process of pilot plant for the daily production of 50 kg of DME. For modeling of the entire DME separation unit, NRTL liquid activity coefficient model was used for the prediction of liquid phase non-idealities, Henry's law option was also used for the estimation of solubilities of light gases in solvents and SRK equation of state model was utilized for the description of vapor phase non-idealities. DME having over 98 wt% purity was obtained as a side distillate product in a DME purification column.


We present transport measurements with magnetoresistance effect amplitudes of up to 260% at room temperature obtained in granular systems consisting of Co nanoparticles embedded in conductive gels as a non-magnetic matrix. In order to gain a better understanding of the transport mechanism in gel during measurement, the granular system was simultaneously monitored by optical microscopy. Gel-like matrices with different conductivities and viscosities were tested and will allow us to realize a highly sensitive granular giant magnetoresistance sensor without the need for lithographic techniques.


Kernel of the discrete Fourier transform of order p is a p x p orthonormal kernel with pth roots of unity as its entries. Kernel of the Hadamard transform (and in particular, that of the Walsh-Fourier transform) of order p, when it exists, is a p x p orthonormal kernel with second roots of unity i.e. ± 1 as its entries. Orthonormal kernels of order 2n, n ⩾ 2 where n is an integer with fourth roots of unity, i.e. ± 1 and ± i as entries and orthonormal kernels of order qn, q ⩾ 2, n ⩾ 1 where q also is an integer with qth roots of unity as entries have been described in literature as generalizations of Walsh-Fourier kernels. In general, orthonormal kernels of order p with qth roots of unity as entries exist for many combinations of p and q. Many of these kernels can be generated as Kronecker products of Fourier and Hadamard kernels. Also, Williamson's construction of Hadamard kernels can be generalized to generate such kernels.


This paper presents a study on the introduction of trees into urban space after 1960 on the example of Szczecin and Goleniów, Selected area types located in downtown areas such as: front gardens, greenery strips along streets, and trees lining streets, were observed over a period of five years and analysed. This paper is also intended to present the significant problem of trees dying in downtown areas. Current methods of alleviating the difficult situation of trees in the city were also presented.


Here we report a targeted high-pressure synthesis of high-Tc hydride superconductor Im-3m-YH6 with predicted Tc ~ 270-280 K and upper critical magnetic field ({\mu}Hc) up to 75 T. According to our experiments cubic YH6 can be prepared in a mixture with I4/mmm-YH4 and Imm2-YH7 at pressures of 160-180 GPa via laser heating of metallic yttrium in ammonia borane medium over 2400 K. Compressed Im-3m-YH6 demonstrates clear superconducting transition with Tc ~ 224 K at 166 GPa, unexpectedly lower than it was theoretically predicted (> 273 K). Currently, this is the second highest critical temperature that has been experimentally achieved in compressed hydrides. New phases were examined theoretically, and their electronic, phonon, mechanical and superconducting properties were studied.


A control of the light-wave properties is critical issue in developing attractive photonic devices. In conventional photonic devices such as semiconductor waveguide light sources, complicated techniques were required to fabricate the high-aspect-ratio artificial periodic structures that help controlling the light-wave properties. This is because the conventional photonic devices are constructed with thick cladding layers for an optical confinement. In this paper, we propose and fabricate a half-cladding semiconductor light source as an attractive photonic device structure. We successfully demonstrated a light emission from the light source under current injection at room temperature. With a half-cladding structure, the total thickness between the device surface and the top of the active layer is on the sub-µm scale. Controlling the light-wave properties should therefore be possible with artificial surface microstructures fabricated by a low aspect ratio process sequence.


In the DELIS project , a set of parallel monolingual lexicon fragments have been designed. They are parallel in two ways: (1) they cover the same fragment (the most general verbs of sensory perception and of speech act), and (2) they are based on the same theoretical approaches and on comparable classifications and descriptive de vices. It is claimed in this paper that such parallel fragments, formalized and represented in a modular and access-neutral way, constitute a lexical data collection which can serve as a pre-dictionary fact base from where bilingual dictionaries can be derived. We discuss examples of the procedures by which raw material for bilingual diction aries can be derived from the fact base (semi-)automatically. 1. Metalexicographic introduction: monolingual and bilingual dictionaries the role of a pre-dictionary fact base In metalexicography, there has been some discussion about directional as opposed to non-directional bilingual dictionaries. Directional diction aries as advocated and illustrated by [Kromann 1989] and [Kromann/ Riiber^Rosbach 1989] aim at efficiency of presentation, taking the users' perspective and the users' mother tongue as a starting point. For an "active" translation dictionary of the directional type (from mother tongue to the users' "foreign" language), the main objective is to make those cases clear where the target language differs considerably from the source language. If the target language lexical items display the same properties as the source language items, the lexicographer can leave their description (partly) underspecified, to save space in the article; it is not felt necessary, for example, to describe reading distinctions which are parallel in both languages. The non-directional dictionary aims at explicitness more than at economy of space: ideally, the relevant distinctions of the source language are made explicit in any case: even if they happen to exist in a parallel fashion in the target language. The non-directional approach seems to more readily support the "reuse" of lexical descriptions: the


This article aims to present the Ukrainian war refugees' experience. Twenty-one interviews focused on autobiographical memoirs of Ukrainian war refugees were collected during the field research project in Poland and Germany in the summer and autumn of 2022. The text aimed to point out the peculiarities of Ukrainian refugeeism in the context of its specificity related to the evolution of the phenomenon of migration and forced migration over recent years in Central Europe. The content was analyzed for the fleeing and adaptive context of personal experience. It considers social ties, including family ties, which appeared in the interviewees' statements. The studied material insights into the course of the war in Ukraine in 2022 from the perspective of civilians. It shows numerous and diverse examples of survival and adaptation activities under armed attacks, during the evacuation, border crossing, and anchoring in the places of their new residence. Due to the dominance of women in the sample, these examples can contribute to the analysis of the specificity of female migration, which differs from the previous profiles of economic migration in the region.


The invention relates an image demisting device, and further relates to a corresponding image demisting method and an image processing system. The image demisting device comprises a preprocessing unit, a core frame parameter gaining unit, an ordinary frame parameter gaining unit and an image demisting unit, wherein the preprocessing unit is used for classifying an input image as a core frame or an ordinary frame, each pixel of the input image is provided with a distance parameter depending on an object distance, the core frame parameter gaining unit is used for gaining the distance parameter of each pixel of the core frame and a pixel distance parameter of a background image of the core frame, the ordinary frame parameter gaining unit is used for gaining the distance parameter of each pixel of the ordinary frame, and the image demisting unit conducts demisting processing on the core frame according to the distance parameter gained by the core frame parameter unit and conducts demisting processing on the ordinary frame according to the distance parameter gained by the ordinary frame parameter gaining unit, wherein the ordinary frame is divided into a background part and a foreground part by the ordinary frame parameter gaining unit.


This seminar presents pinning control for complex networks. The technique consists in applying controllers to a small fraction of nodes to achieve global synchronization. This task is facilitated by using structural and dynamical properties of the given network. Thus, the regulation of the network behavior is ensured while avoiding redundant control efforts. The basic problem is: having a complex network with different coupling strengths (weights) in its connections and nodes with complex (chaotic) but unknown dynamics, how to design a pinning control law, which is optimal related to the states and the disturbances, to ensure the entire network be able to track a reference? This problem can be seen as imposing a desired behavior into an array of complex systems. It is desirable that this control strategy does not require having the same coupling strength for all the connections in the network, differing from most publications. Consequently, a strategy based on the inverse optimal control principle is applied for pinning the weighted complex networks. Furthermore, the recurrent high-order neural networks are used as identifiers for nonlinear dynamical systems with unknown nodes states and coupling strengths. As a first attempt, the regulation of a complex network with unknown weights by applying inverse optimal control strategy is addressed, obtaining two results. One is general for nodes having uniformly decreasing dynamics, and the other more particular, for chaotic systems. Finally, the study of trajectory tracking is outlined, which extends the original concept and task of pinning control. About the Speaker Mr David Israel Rodríguez-Castellanos recived the M.Sc. in Electronic and Computation Engineering University of Guadalajara, Mexico in 2011; he is currently a PhD candidate at the Cinvestav unidad Guadalajara, Mexico. His research interest includes: chaos control, complex systems, nonlinear control especially pinning control, inverse optimal control and neural control.


Child-resistant containers and other child-resistant mechanisms have been a child-safety strategy for years. Research is reviewed concerning the difficulty of designing a child-resistant mechanism that is also acceptable to adult users.


Since the reform and opening up, the periodic fluctuation of real estate industry has attracted much attention of scholars both at home and abroad. The scholars use various methods to describe the periodic nature to explore the causes and influencing factors of periodic fluctuations. In our country, about 70% of the real estate development funds are from the bank credit. The bank credits and real estate cycle fluctuation are closely linked, and the development of the real estate industry presents regional and diversified characteristics. By using VAR model to make the empirical analysis of the relationship between the cycle of real estate and bank credit in Shandong province, we find that bank credit has lagged positive influence on real estate periodic fluctuation. Thus the credit policy can be used to control the real estate fluctuation, and on the other hand, the expansion or contraction of the money supply cannot help ease the periodic fluctuation of real estate.


The presence of toxic compounds like toluene has caused extensive contamination in oil-contaminated environments. Using bacteria to degrade monoaromatic compounds could be a good approach to finding a suitable bioaugmentation agent. In this study on toluene, degrading bacterial species were isolated from oil-contaminated environments (located in Bandar-Anzali, Guilan, Iran). The strain has been molecularly identified as Bacillus cereus ATHH39 (Accession number: KX344721) by partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for biodegradation of toluene by ATHH39 by implementing the central composite design (CCD). The central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize and investigate pH, temperature, and toluene concentrations and their interactions for enhancing cell growth and toluene degradation by ATHH39 under in vitro conditions. The variables (pH, temperature, and toluene concentrations) with the highest significant impacts on growth and toluene degradation were selected. According to the prediction and optimization function of the design expert software, the optimum conditions of cell growth and toluene degradation were found. When pH, temperature, and toluene concentration were adjusted to 6.72, 33.16oC and 824.15 mg/l, respectively, cell growth and toluene degradation reached OD600 = 0.69 and 64.11%, respectively, which is very close to the predicted cell growth and toluene degradation of OD600 = 0.71 and 65.85%, indicating that the response surface methodology optimization of process parameters for cell growth and toluene degradation is reliable. Based on the results, the ATHH39 strain was introduced as a useful microorganism with the potential for bioremediation of wastewater containing toluene.


Results are given of simulation of mechanical properties of aluminum foam using the developed program-macros that allows the description of adequate geometric model of the specimen reflecting its microstructure. Refs.5. Figs.3. Tabs.2.


The report demonstrated that, in theory, few Tennessee communities charged adequately for the water service they were rendering. Although national experts in the field of water rates, for example, agreed that the cost of supplying 2,500 gal. to a customer in a community of under 1,000 population should average from $3.00 to $3.50 a month, in Tennessee the average bill was only $1.74, with rates ranging from $1.00 to $2.75 a month for the same population bracket.


People with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) have a significantly elevated risk of attempted or completed suicide. This paper reports the case of a 33-year-old woman in treatment for severe AN and self-harm who used her nasogastric tube as a means by which to attempt strangulation. This demonstrates a novel, unexpected, and potentially lethal means of suicide. Amongst those at risk of self-harm, use of nasogastric feeding regimes may require special precaution and supervision. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.


Active steering control for lane keeping is a significant technique applied for autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs). This paper addresses a problem of high-accuracy control for lane keeping of AGVs subject to time-varying vehicle speed and parameter uncertainties. A robust adaptive triple-step nonlinear control scheme is presented. In this strategy, a nonlinear reference generator is designed to generate a virtual reference signal. Then, a robust triple-step nonlinear controller with adaptive update laws is then proposed for lane keeping of AGVs. It is shown by the Lyapunov stability analysis that the lateral offset of AGV is input-to-state (ISS) in the presence of bounded perturbation of tire stiffness coefficient. The effectiveness of the approach is verified on a high-fidelity full-vehicle model constructed in veDYNA and MATLAB/Simulink.


The objective of this work is that through critical review of the development that has taken in Colombia Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and its theoretical and practical bases, can identify opportunities for practical applicability for the historic moment in Colombia, to the possibilities of signing peace accord, generating a great opportunity to develop CSR strategies that contribute to national development in post-conflict and make these efforts sustainable and enduring reality.
This research was based on a review of information and literature related to both global contexts and local, related to the Colombian reality, which includes quantitative analysis and qualitative information, supporting the conclusions of the critical review, addressing economic, social variables and environmental, foundation of CSR.
The investigation leads to conclusions like that CSR can't ignore this historical moment, because their integrated efforts ethical in the fight against corruption impact, should lead the reconstruction of a new socio-economic reality, which respects the environment and contribute to the quality of life and good living of Colombians.


An electric wrench used for a vehicle of 12 volts comprises a housing 1, a motor 18 which is arranged in the housing 1, an eccentric shaft 8, a lead 19 and an electric outlet 21, and is mainly characterized in that the electric wrench has a pinion 2 which is arranged in the shaft of the motor 18, the electric wrench comprises a gearwheel 4 which is meshed with the pinion 2, the gearwheel 4 is rotatablely connected with a squirrel cage clutch 7 in a friction type, and the eccentric shaft 8 is rotatablely connected with the squirrel cage clutch 7 through a large bearing 22 and a bearing 14. The electric wrench can ensure no burning the motor. Proved by experiment, the electric wrench has relatively simple structure, easy manufacture, reliable running and long service life and more importantly ensures high speed, efficiency and safety of using vehicle.


Based on the unified strength theory and elastic-brittle-plastic model,analytical solutions of elastic-plastic for circular hydraulic tunnel are introduced considering the principal stresses orders under different engineering conditions,different elastic moduli in tension and compression,the intermediate principal stress and softening.The influences of different tension and compression modulus ratios and the intermediate principal stresses on the critical pressure and ultimate pressure for hydraulic tunnels are discussed.The example analysis results show that the first principal stress should be reasonably considered,if different elastic moduli in tension and compression are neglected,large errors may be resulted in.Traditional elastic-plastic solutions of hydraulic tunnel based on an assumption that the geotechnical materials have the same elastic moduli in tension and compression may bring out a more conservative engineering design.A consideration of different elastic moduli in tension and compression reflect the true mechanical property of geotechnical materials,therefore,an economic and safety design is obtained.This result provides some reference value for engineering design and a theory basis for the elastoplastic analysis circular hydraulic tunnels.


Abstract In this paper, the strength of non-crimp fabric Pi shaped adhesively bonded joints subjected to T-pull, T-shear, T-bending and T-tension loading conditions was evaluated experimentally. The bonded joints are based on the novel Pi shaped joining element, and they have been assembled using a new mixture of paste adhesives by means of the insertion squeeze flow bonding technique. Supplementary to experiments, a mesomechanical model, able to simulate the mechanical performance of the woven fabric structural parts, has been implemented in order to aid the evaluation of the experimental results and shed light in damage details that could be assessed by experimental methods. The study is focused on the integrity of both the Pi joining element and the bondline. The findings are very promising regarding the potential use of the joining element as a modular joint for the assembly of composite aerostructures.


Several load conditions, including gravity, effects of moments due to magnet decentering, and forces applied by the central restraining membrane, have been analyzed for the 632 mm diameter, 2 mm thick adaptive secondary mirror, being developed for the MMT Telescope. All these effects can be kept well within the optical specifications.


In view of factors such as their suitability for biofuel production, high oil content, easy accessibility and resistance to contamination, Haematococcus pluvialis species of Chlorophyta class was the choice of microalgae selected for this study. Time-based voltage, voltage-based light intensity calibration study and the amount of increase in cell concentration in time have been specified using the flashing method for the examined species. As a result of voltage calibration studies conducted under the trial method, light intensity for flashing practice was detected as 850 μE.ms. In order to apply light intensity continuously and at an equivalent level, a FMT-150 photobioreactor was employed and on the first day when the microalgae species was introduced into the photobioreactor, a cell count of 350 mg.ml -1 was obtained. The growth process was examined through the cell counts carried out every 48 hours, including the initial phase, under a constant temperature of 25 o C. Having applied all these parameters, the Haematococcus pluvialis species, which had a cell concentration of 350 mg.ml -1 , displayed a tendency to grow until the end of the 32th day. While the highest number of cells was reached on the 32nd day with 565 mg.ml -1 , the population started to decline after the 32nd day, and the trial was terminated on the 38th day.


This study aims to determine the effect of duration of aeration on the growth and yield of mustard plants (Brassica juncea L.), nutrient solution and electricity consumptions.  The experiment was conducted in September and October 2013 at The Integrated Field Laboratory, and Land and Water Resources Engineering Laboratory, The Departement of Agricultural Engineering, The University of Lampung.  The experiment consisted of four treatments of aeration intervals including N 24 M 0 (control), N 15 M 30 (15 minute on-30 minute off), N 15 M 60 (15 minute on- 60 minute off) and N 15 M 90 (15 minute on- 90 minute off).  Each treatment was divided into 3 segments along the gutter, including R1 (segment near the aerator), R2 (middle segment chamfer) and R3 (section away from the aerator).  The results showed that the use of a nutrient solution circulating pump with a flow rate of 0.27 cm/s is sufficient for EC, DO, pH fairly uniform along the gutter.  Aeration with interval 15 minute on- 60 minute off turned out to produce the highest mustard crop (2,146 kg) with the lowest consumption of fertilizer and electricity by IDR 1753.00/kg. Keywords: Aeration, DFT, hydroponics, intermitten, mustard


In word oriented stream cipher the operation of input data is processed word by word. It takes longer time to encrypt one word of plaintext with one word of key. Hence efficiency of the algorithm decreases and probability of attacks is more in word oriented stream cipher. In this paper we propose a non-word oriented stream cipher for enhancing network security. It is more resistive towards attack. It also decreases the computational time by the application of parallel processing. The paper mainly focuses on the cryptographic application that requires randomness


Logistics outsourcing has become a major operational scheme of logistics organization strategy,as well as an effective way for enterprises to integrate their resources.In reality,due to the influence of objective and subjective factors,enterprises must consider lots of factors to form a reasonable,targeted decision scheme when they make logistics service outsourcing.Therefore,it is very important to study the enterprise logistics outsourcing drives and the relationships among them.Based on the sample survey about the demand side logistics services business,this paper studies the enterprise logistics outsourcing drives and their correlative relationships by applying factor analysis and structural equation methods.Results shows that there are complex relations among basic constraint factors,subject-oriented factors,basic demand factors,long-term income factors and market resource factors,all of which have a great effect on enterprise logistics outsourcing decision-making and should be considered when enterprises make decision.


231 the complex cause effect relationships between schizophre nia and violence. Findings should be critically and cautiously appraised, actively including the views of persons with lived ex perience of schizophrenia and human rights activists, as in the present paper, to better balance the power between patients and health care providers and to have patients fully included in all policy processes. In conclusion, we argue that research which reports an asso  ciation between violence and schizophrenia has too often been flawed by methodological limitations, and its findings risk ex posing people with schizophrenia to further discrimination, violence, and loss of fundamental freedoms and human rights. Policies that seek to reduce the association of schizophrenia and violence, including self inflicted harm, must not focus on involuntary hospitalization and coercive treatment of persons with schizophrenia. They should instead prioritize more effec tive training of police and emergency services to avert these outcomes and address the social determinants associated with schizophrenia, including insufficient access to housing and community based health care. Importantly, policies should fund and support community wide preventive and early intervention services, to reduce the duration of untreated psychosis and im plement timely evidence based treatment. These latter policies respect the dignity and agency of persons with psychosis and align with the human rights protections set out in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability


Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of brucea javanica oil emulsion combined with TP chemotherapy in treating advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods Totally 83 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were divided into two groups randomly.45 cases of test group were given brucea javanica oil supplemented with TP chemotherapy,and 38 patients of control group were treated with TP chemotherapy only.Results The overall response rates of test group and control group were 57.8%.and 47.4% respectively,No significant difference was seen between two groups(X2=0.896,P=0.344).Compared with those in control group,patients in test group had significantly less adverse effects in anemia,neutropenia and vomiting(P0.05) Conclusion Brucea javanica oil emulsion can reduce the toxicity of anticancer drugs,and increase the tolerance of patients on chemotherapy.


Information of Longitudinal velocity and lateral velocity in a vehicle is very useful in many active safety applications such as vehicle stability control, yaw stability control and rollover prevention. In this study, a nonlinear observer including Dugoff's tire model is designed to estimate longitudinal and lateral velocities. The lateral velocity is estimated using the combined method. The model-based method is relatively robust against sensing errors including zero drift, but, its performance depends on the accuracy of the vehicle parameters. The kinematics-based method is robust against variations in parameters and driving operation, but it is sensitive to the sensor bias error. The proposed method combines the advantages from the previous two methods. The performance of the proposed estimation methods is evaluated through simulations.


ABSTRACT Magnetoelectric composites have attracted much attention due to their strong magnetoelectric coupling effect. In this paper, PbTiO3-NiFe2O4 (PTO/NFO) composite ceramics were prepared by sol-gel method. Effect of sintering temperatures on the structure, dielectric properties and multiferroic properties were studied. XRD results show that PTO/NFO ceramics have been successfully prepared. When the sintering temperature is 1050 °C, the secondary phase PbO2 exists in the ceramics. SEM results show that there were two kinds of grains with different sizes. EDS analysis suggested that the large particles are NFO and the small particles are PTO. The sintering temperature has a great influence on the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the prepared ceramics. When the sintering temperature is 950 °C, the ceramics show the maximum dielectric constant at low frequency. When the sintering temperature is 1150 °C, the maximum residual polarization is 1.236 μC/cm2. The conductive mechanism of ceramics is dominated by Space Charge – Limited Conduction. The remanent magnetization and coercive field decrease with increasing the sintering temperature. The magnetoelectric coupling coefficient shows that ceramics have strong magnetoelectric coupling performance (5.7 V/cm·Oe).


Mangrove forests in coastal areas physically serves as a barrier of mud and sediment trap. Mangrove are often utilized by people aquaculture activities by means of mangrove forest logging and timber extraction as building materials and firewood, thereby reducing the catch mangrove roots as sediment traps. The purpose of this study was to determine in fluence of mangrove density on the sediment transfort rate in Coastal Pulau Sembilan Village. The research was conducted for two months from March to April 2014 in Coastal Pulau Sembilan Village. The method used is the method of transects and sediment trap method. The results of this study is the highest density of mangrove are found at statiun 4 with a value of 4930 stands/ha and lowest were in station 5 with a value 3662 stands/ha and categorized good. Relationship between the mangrove density and sedimen transfort rate exhibits a negative correlation with a value of -1 this means that sediment rate will be lower when mangrove density higher and vice versa. Key Word : Mangrove Density, Transect Method, Sediment Traps Method, Sediment .Transfort Rate.


In this paper, we will investigate the types of tutoring adopted by students in Morocco. Based on previous studies, we will deal with the impact of tutoring, especially external tutoring as the most dominant one in Morocco, on the learning progress of the students, on the one hand, and on the economic life of the families and on the psychological life of the student. Afterward, we will suggest a new strategy of participative school tutoring between the educational administration and teachers, based on the approval of school skills through a computer-based system of student-driven assessment and learning (remediation) portfolios. In this article, we will present a preliminary study of the proposed IT solution, in the form of a general class diagram of the system. A detailed study will be discussed in the next article.


This paper presents a technique to describe the perception of internal automotive road noise. As the acoustic sources on a car reach lower sound levels, special attention is granted to acoustical comfort. While the knowledge of mechanisms behind road noise is growing, its perception by the driver remains relatively unexplored. In this study, a sensory science technique - the classical sensory profile - is applied to obtain a description of the internal road noise by quantitative perceptual criteria. Seven consumer cars (from Renault, Fiat, Peugeot, and Toyota) were driven under four well-defined conditions varying in speed and road surface. Twenty-one typical road noise recordings were presented to a panel of five experts in acoustics. Twelve listening sessions of three hours, individually and in group, led to a list of 15 relevant perceptual descriptors, such as "rough aspect". The performance of the listeners was tested statistically: their repeatability, their ability to discriminate the sounds and the inter-subject agreement. Sufficient agreement was observed across the listeners for 10 of the 15 descriptors, which would constitute the perceptual basis for internal automotive road noise. Through multiple linear regression, strong correlations were found between the associated perceptual dimensions and psychoacoustic properties of the sound samples. The findings from this study are summarized in a sensory grid to assist the test drivers in the evaluation of road noise sound character, and a predictive tool for sound quality evaluation based on correlations between perceptual dimensions and calculated sound metrics.


A flasher circuit is disclosed for use with a conventional automotive turn signal system. The flasher circuit comprises a flasher relay under the control of a free-running multivibrator. The multivibrator takes the form of a pair of intercoupled logic gates and an inhibiting means, in the form of a logic gate, disables the multivibrator when the turn signal switch is open and enables it so long as the turn signal switch is closed. The inhibiting logic gate is supplied with logic signals from the output of the multivibrator and a voltage sensing circuit connected with the turn signal switch. The flasher circuit is a two-terminal device and may be substituted for the well known hot-wire flasher without the circuit changes in the turn signal system. The logic gates preferably take the form of an integrated circuit on a single chip.


Optical pattern recognition techniques based on the optical joint transform correlator (JTC) scheme are attractive because of their simplicity. Recent improvements in spatial light modulators (SLMs) increased the popularity of the JTC, providing a means for real time operation. Using a binary SLM for the display of the Fourier spectrum first requires binarization of the joint power spectrum distribution. Although hard clipping (HC) is the simplest and most common binarization method used, we suggest to applying error diffusion (ED) as an improved binarization technique. The performance of a binary JTC, whose input image is considered to contain additive white noise, is investigated. Various ways for nonlinearly modifying the joint power spectrum prior to the binarization step, based on either ED or HC techniques, are discussed. These nonlinear modifications aim at increasing the contrast of the interference fringes at the joint power spectrum plane, leading to better definition of the correlation signal. Mathematical analysis, computer simulations, and experimental results are presented.


An ultrathin AlN layer is inserted between the GaN channel and buffer in the fabrication of deep-submicrometer AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). The wide bandgap of AlN establishes a high back barrier and thus enhances the confinement of two-dimensional electron gas under high drain bias voltages. Owning to the effective suppression of short-channel effects in the device with a highly scaled gate length, the fabricated AlN back barrier HEMTs show better pinch-off quality, lower subthreshold current, lower drain-induced barrier lowering factor, and better high-frequency response than the reference device without an AlN back barrier.


Deep Learning models, albeit successful on data defined on Euclidean domains, are so far constrained in many fields requiring data which underlying structure is a non-Euclidean space, namely computer vision and imaging. The purpose of this paper is to build a geometry aware deep learning architecture for skeleton based action recognition. In this perspective, we propose a framework for non-Euclidean data classification based on 2D/3D skeleton sequences, specifically for Parkinson's disease classification and action recognition. As a baseline, we first design two Euclidean deep learning architectures without considering the Riemannian structure of the data. Then, we introduce new architectures that extend Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks(RNNs) to non-Euclidean data. Experimental results show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art performances for 2D abnormal behavior classification and 3D human action recognition.


In this study experimental results were obtained for the case of non-
Newtonian/Newtonian polymer immiscible blend, where the matrix phase is Boger fluid
at different molecular weight percentage (2.5%,5%,7.5%,10%) and minor phase PDMS
fluid. LOAS tests were applied and analyzed by FT method. The First, third and fifth
harmonics were obtained from LAOS test and for analysis, quantitative nonlinear
coefficient for the third and fifth harmonics were obtained. As results, the coefficients
indicate decrease in value as the strain amplitude increases. Further analysis and for
coefficients data were obtained by multiplying the coefficients to viscosity ratio of the
four sample blends to the power 0.5, as 0.5 was found to be the best fit to have the lines
overlap. Note that the seventh harmonics was eliminated since it has shown no
accuracy. Also another analysis was made to track the non -linear behavior using
Lissajous loop at 300%, 1000% and 1600% strain amplitude, which imply an evidence
of changing in the structure as the strain amplitude is increased for the four blend
samples as well as the nonlinear stresses that born by the major phase (i.e. Boger Fluid)
during LAOS deformation.


Application of the principle of diminishing marginal utility,this paper analyzed the clinical path management mechanism and related problems,after the pilot hospital practice,proved the feasibility of clinical path management,explored the clinical path management main problem,put forward to solve relevant problem of the basic ideas,such as hospitalization time,reduce medical costs and other issues,a correct view of clinical path "variation" and medical risk


Increasing evidence has revealed that circDDX17 plays significant regulatory roles in tumor progression. In the present study, we investigated the role of circDDX17 in pituitary adenomas (PAs).Reverse transcription–quantitative PCR was performed to detect the expression of Circular RNA DDX17 (circDDX17), microRNA-1279 (miR-1279), and cell adhesion molecule 2 (CADM2) in PA tissues. Cell abilities of migration and invasion were examined by wound healing and transwell assays. Dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down assays were applied to confirm the associations among circDDX17, miR-1279, and CADM2. Xenograft tumor experiments were performed to investigate the roles of circDDX17 in vivo.In the present study, we found that circDDX17 was downregulated in PA tissues correlated with invasion, tumor size, and progression-free survival of patients with PA. Enforced expression of circDDX17 significantly inhibited migration and invasion through miR-1279. Notably, CADM2 was verified as the direct binding target of miR-1279, and silencing the expression of CADM2 reverses the tumor suppressing effects induced by circDDX17 overexpression. We demonstrated that circDDX17 upregulated the expression of CADM2 by sponging miR-1279, which suppressed the invasive biological behaviors of PA.CircDDX17 may serve as a tumor suppressor and potential promising biomarker and effectively therapeutic target for the management of PA.


So far we have assumed the existence of a (federal) government capable of imposing a different level of a road tax on each part of the network and returning the revenue either lump-sum or in the form of a labor tax cut. Although the above setting can potentially lead to an (economically) efficient allocation (i.e. when the correct level of a tax is combined with the correct revenue-recycling program), the implementation of tax reforms introducing urban road charges has met strong resistance. One of the drivers behind the low acceptability may be the spatial profile of such reforms: decisions over the details of the pricing scheme (type, charges) and the use of the generated revenue are usually centralized, leaving the impression that local welfare is decreased after the introduction of these policies. There are at least two reasons why a centralized reform may give rise to substantial local discomfort. The first is that the pricing scheme may create, or intensify spatial inequality, despite being (on average) welfare improving. For instance, a cordon toll favors certain population groups in a monocentric setting, such as those that own land inside the cordon area (see Verhoef, 2005). The hypothesis that road pricing may induce local discomfort is matched by the results of the referendum succeeding the Stockholm congestion charge trial period, During this period, authorities charged a road fee to the users of a set of links which, together, form a virtual cordon encircling a large part, but not the entire area, of Stockholm municipality. As the middle and right panel of Figure 6.1 suggest, the cordon excludes part of Stockholm municipality and the spatial dominion of all the other municipalities in Stockholm county. In the referendum that succeeded the trial period, all fourteen municipalities surrounding the municipality of Stockholm voted against the permanency of the measure, with negative rates ranging from 54.1% to 70.4% (while inside the cordon a majority of 53% voted yes). The second driver behind the low acceptability of urban tolls is likely to be the use of collected revenue. Local discomfort may be fueled by a revenue recycling scheme that is perceived to be unfair, or (even worse) that is not known to the public. Here, the argument is that the tax lacks, at least locally, the element of reciprocity. For instance, while the citizens of a certain geographic area may contribute a large portion of the collected …


The work determines the resistance of various strains of soybean nodule bacteria to the recommended chemical fungicides in the tank solution applied to the seed surface. As experimental rhizobia there were studied such soybean bacteria of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum of the following strains as 634b, 640, BR-648, BR-733. The fungicides "Maksim", "Protekt", "Protekt Forte" were used as disinfectants. In the tank solution there was determined compatibility by mixing the biopreparation and the disinfectant, keeping the mixture at room temperature in the dark, with further determining percentage of the survived rhizobia depending on the disinfectant type and the keeping time of the solution. It has been established that different soya rhizobia strains do not practically differ in resistance to disinfectants in the tank solution. However, the disinfectants possess different degrees of toxicity to the studied strains, which made it possible to arrange the disinfectants due to their increasing toxicity for rhizobia "Maksim", "Protekt", "Protekt Forte". Since the strains taken for the study practically did not differ in their resistance to disinfectants in the tank solution, there was investigated only the strain B. japonicum 634b to determine the dynamics of rhizobia death on the treated seeds. Determination of the disinfectants' toxicity was carried out by placing the washes from treated seeds on the plates with nutrient medium. The treated seeds were kept at room temperature in the dark. The selection of the treated seeds was carried out after 2, 4 and 8 hours after treatment. The nature of the curves for rhizobia reduction on seeds showed that "Protekt Forte" was the most toxic to bacteria on the seed surface, and "Maksim" was the most "soft". This study will allow optimizing the process of soybean seeds inoculation with their simultaneous treatment with chemical disinfectants.


The synthesis of C6-cyclo secondary amine-substituted purine analogues in neat water was achieved with the aid of microwave irradiation, providing a rapid, efficient and convenient method for the preparation of acyclic nucleosides in high yields.


Summary This study was conducted to examine the effects of mastitis and stage of lactation on plasminogen activator (PA) activity in milk somatic cells. An assay System, which measures the plasmin-mediated hydrolysis of the chromogenic substrate D-valyl-leucyl-lysine p−nitroanilide, was used to assess PA activity present within milk somatic cells. Milk cell associated PA activity was increased (P < 0·05) by 50% in the presence of fibrin fragments. This suggests that milk somatic cells contain tissue PA which, unlike urokinase PA, is preferentially activated in the presence of fibrin fragments. An increase of the milk somatic cell count from < 5 × 104 to > 106 cells/ml resulted in an 8-fold increase in PA activity per cell. Elevated levels of PA activity were associated with milk somatic cells isolated from mastitic quarters obtained from cows in early (<4 months in lactation) or late lactation (>8 months in lactation). We conclude that PA activity is increased during severe mastitic inflammation. Although the physiological function of this enzyme is as yet unclear, we propose that it may be involved in the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, contributing to the higher levels of plasmin occurring in milk isolated from mastitic quarters.


We propose virtualized network platform for optimal test bed of large scale cyber-physical system(CPS). We introduce network and performance isolation scheme of virtual network platform to support CPS.


Daily long-term, real-time monitoring of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is essential for disease diagnosis, health monitoring, and brain-computer interaction. This work presents a breathable and flexible graphene-polyurethane (PU) mesh electronic skin (GPMES). With excellent breathability (1.904 $\text{kg}\cdot \mathrm{m}^{-2}\cdot \text{day}^{-1}$ at body temperature) comparable to naked skin, good flexibility, lightweight (1.5 mg), and low electrode-skin impedance (4.683 $\mathrm{k}\Omega$ at 1 kHz), the GPMES can be a promising candidate interface for long-term (> 10 h) and reliable daily EEG monitoring.


Introduction Splicing is an essential step in the processing of intron-containing pre-mRNAs before their transport out of the nucleus (for a review see [ 13). During the last few years, a significant number of studies have addressed the relationship of pre-mRNA splicing to nuclear structure (for a review see [Z]). Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) as well as several non-snRNP splicing factors have been shown by immunofluorescence microscopy to be localized in a speckled pattern that is distributed in various regions throughout the nucleoplasm. At the electron microscopic level, the speckled pattern corresponds to interchromatin granule clusters and perichromatin fibrils [ 3-61. After pulse-labelling with [ 'Hluridine, incorporation is observed preferentially by electron microscopy at perichromatin fibrils, with little to no labelling of internal regions of interchromatin granule clusters (for a review see [7] ) . Based on these autoradiography and immunolocalization studies, it has been suggested that perichromatin fibrils may represent the sites of active transcription and interchromatin granule clusters, sites of splicing factor storage and/or assembly. W e have examined the relationship of the organization of pre-mRNA splicing factors to the transcriptional and splicing activities of the cell. We have found that splicing factors shuttle between storage and/or assembly sites (interchromatin granule clusters) and sites of active transcription (perichromatin fibrils). Our data suggest a nuclear recruiting mechanism that regulates the distribution of splicing factors.


Mind-wandering is associated with the simultaneous activation of a network of different brain regions known formally as the default mode network. Forward looking anxious mind-wandering (or worry) occurs when activity in this network is coupled with a biological fear response in the brain. The fear response constrains the con-tent of anxious mind-wandering, with imagined catastrophised scenarios pushing the mind-wanderer towards avoidant behaviours. There is an established relationship between dreaming and mind-wandering. During rapid eye moment (REM) sleep, where dreams most commonly occur, many of the brain regions within the default mode network are activated. This paper presents a novel argument that during REM sleep the brain is in a bio-logically relaxed state, and that this state acts as a constraint to the content of dreams, which in turn presents a possible function of dreaming. In direct contrast to anxious mind-wandering, dreams present imagined situations which demand confrontational, or un-avoidant, behaviours. Though the situations in dreams call for un-avoidant behaviour, dreamers act with avoidance. This difference between the in-dream behaviour (avoidant) and the behaviour the in-dream situation demands (un-avoidant) highlights an anxiety present in the dreamer which can then be used to direct the focus of therapeutic treatment. Fourteen examples of dreams are presented, including seven examples of interpretation, three examples of successful dream content prediction (a first for an interpretive theory of dreams), and four examples of dreams which demonstrate how in-dream behaviour changes during successful therapy, three of which are my own. Dreams focusing on anxieties developed during infancy as well as in adult moments of trauma (such as post-traumatic stress disorder) are discussed, with a focus on the former.


Objective To establish gentian violet stain-method in single cell micromanipulation and evaluate its validity.Methods 20 oral swabs and 0.05g/mL gentian violet solution were prepared,and then 0.15,0.25,0.5,1 and 2μL 0.05g/mL gentian violet solution were added into 100mL oral epithelium cell suspension respectively to determine the optimal staining concentration.At the same time,the epithelium cells were stained for 5,10,30 and 60mins respectively to determine the optimal staining time.After stained with the optimal condition,three colored cells were captured and then tested using low volume PCR(LV-PCR) technique with 20 replications.The success rate of STR genotyping was compared between the stained samples and the same samples without staining.In addition,the gentian violet stain-method had also been applied to the oral epithelium cell micromanipulation in a criminal case.Results 0.5μL 0.05g/mL gentian violet solution added into 100μL cell suspension for 5mins could distinguish the nuclei from cytoplasm by staining them into violet,and staining time extension had no effect on the test results.No significant effect on the LV-PCR was found by the optimal gentian violet stain-method(P0.05).Nuclei could be clearly marked in case sample using this stain-method and STR genotyping result could meet the standard of identity identification.Conclusion It is conducive to the discovery of the nucleus by gentian violet stain-method and thus can help improve the performance of single cell micromanipulation.


In this study, a novel magnetic field generator, using a shielding effect for controlling the dynamic stiffness and damping of magnetorheological gels, is proposed. A magnetorheological gel is a smart material that can alter its stiffness and damping, and it can be used as a vibration absorber and in vehicle suspension. It is necessary to control the magnetic field to use magnetorheological gels in various applications. There are two types of magnet field generators, namely the electromagnet and permanent magnet, and the electromagnet is generally used in practical applications. However, owing to its limitations, the electromagnet is not suitable for long-term use. Therefore, in this paper, a novel magnetic field generator is proposed to address such problems for use in real applications. † Corresponding Author, email@example.com C 2017 The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers


CK-HMW in Prostate Pathology: The utility of CKHMW in the interpretation of difficult prostate biopsies is firmly established. As is well known, the identification of an associated CK-HMW-positive basal layer in an atypical small gland proliferation excludes the possibility of invasive prostate adenocarcinoma. Conversely, invasive prostate adenocarcinomas do not contain an associated CK-HMW-positive basal layer around the proliferating neoplastic small glands of interest. One important point to know about CK-HMW in prostate biopsies is that occasionally small individual acinar structures on the very periphery of a benign prostate lobule may lack an associated CK-HMW-positive basal layer. Therefore, by itself, the complete absence of CK-HMW around 1 or 2 small acinar structures does not necessarily mean that they represent carcinoma. As such, there is a certain quantitative aspect that comes into play when deciding how many glands must lack stainable CK-HMW before a confident diagnosis of adenocarcinoma can be rendered. I do not know of any precise number of glands lacking CK-HMW that is required to diagnose adenocarcinoma, although undoubtedly this number varies among pathologists and will also vary depending on the degree of associated cytologic atypia and other features of a particular biopsy. An additional point to know is that occasional prostate adenocarcinoma cells may express CK-HMW, so the presence of this marker in a cell does not necessarily mean that it represents a prostatic basal cell. However, it is highly unusual for CK-HMW to be strongly and diffusely expressed in prostatic adenocarcinoma (and indeed, I have never personally observed it). Parenthetically, cytokeratin 5/6 and p63 have also been used by some authors as markers of prostatic basal cells.


This study compared immigrant and nonimmigrant educational achievement (i.e., the immigrant gap) in math by reexamining the explanatory power of race and socioeconomic status (SES)—two variables, perhaps, most commonly considered in educational research. Four research questions were explored through growth curve modeling, factor analysis, and regression analysis on a sample of participants in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Kindergarten Cohort of 1998 (ECLS-K) from kindergarten to eighth grade (N = 6,861). Findings indicated that immigrant students who had been in the United States since at least their preschool years had lower math achievement than nonimmigrants when they began kindergarten; 1.75-generation students caught up to their nonimmigrant peers but second-generation students did not. Nationality played a greater role in determining immigrant performance than did race. Educational selectivity had significant explanatory power over SES in accounting for gaps between immigrant and nonimmigrant achievement. Mother's educational selectivity was positively associated with parental involvement and center-based early childhood education. This study suggests that immigrant status alone is not a particularly powerful indicator of need for additional educational services nor is immigrant's race in the absence of information about nationality. Because educational selectivity had positive and negative associations with educational achievement, encouraging parents with low educational selectivity to adopt the parenting processes of those with high educational selectivity cannot be recommended as a policy implication of this study. However, the incorporation of educational selectivity as a measure in future research is highly warranted due to its explanatory power regarding immigrant math achievement.


Dataflow processor has shown its unique advantages in executing high performance computing applications with its communication-exposed microarchitecture. In dataflow processors, large amounts of data are directly transferred between instructions through a network-on-chip. The efficiency of data transfer is an imperative performance metric that needs to be optimized in most dataflow processors. Based on the specific features of the dataflow network, we propose a mechanism for dynamically merging the packets in the routers. By testing workloads with varying characteristics, the experiment results demonstrate that the average latency of data transfer is reduced by 11.8%, the performance of dataflow accelerator is improved by 14.0%.


Getting the message out there Our students vote with their feet. If we don't engage the students we will lose them from our course, but more importantly we will have further citizens, all potential voters, that do not understand the pseudo-science being presented to them. This is called 'the information age', but my question is: How prepared are our young people to discern the quality and accuracy of the information they receive?


The article concerns the problem of corporate cross-border insolvency regulation in the context of search the optimal theoretical underlying for this purpose. On the basis of foreign scholars experience the author analyses the main traditional doctrines of corporate cross-border insolvency law Territoriality and Universalism, and their modified versions Cooperative territoriality and Modified universalism. Also the author investigates the problems and perspectives of implementation of these theories in international law. In conclusion the author summarizes that Modified universalism is the more preferable and perspective theory to implement in the countries of continental legal system.


The cooking container is made from a disk (3) of metal or light alloy. It comprises a base (1) intended to be disposed on a hotplate, a burner or the like. The bottom (1) comprises a plate (2) of a metal having properties different from those of the metal disc (3). This plate (2) is embedded completely or partially in the bottom (1) and its periphery is optionally adjacent a groove (4). use for improving the resistance to deformation of the cooking vessels of funds.


Welding torch assemblies including a torch body (78) having a user interface module (84) integrally formed therewith, a welding nozzle (80), and a torch lead assembly (34) are provided. The user interface module (84) may enable a user to control one or more parameters of a welding operation. The welding nozzle (80) may be coupled to a first end of the torch body. The torch lead assembly may be coupled to a second end of the torch body opposite the first end and may include a weld power lead and a weld control lead.