The species Cypholophus anisoneurus (Guillaumin) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, for which the new combination is made in this paper, is transferred to the genus Cypholophus from the genus Boehmeria on the grounds of the morphology of the female flowers, particularly unequal apical teeth of the female perianth and the short and markedly curved stigmas, and the crowded female flower-clusters having the distinctively red-velvety appearance, as seen in Cypholophus. Cypholophus anisoneurus is a shrub or small tree found only in the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu and known from less than ten collections. A full description, drawings and a distribution map are provided.


Electrolytic hydrogen offers a promising alternative for long-term energy storage of renewable energies (RE). A stand-alone RE system based on hydrogen production has been developed at the Hydrogen Research Institute and successfully tested for automatic operation with designed control devices. The system is composed of a wind turbine, a photovoltaic array, an electrolyser, batteries for buffer energy storage, hydrogen and oxygen storage tanks, a fuel cell, AC and DC loads, power conditioning devices and different sensors. The long-term excess energy with respect to load demand has been sent to the electrolyser for hydrogen production and then the fuel cell has utilised this stored hydrogen to produce electricity when there were insufficient wind and solar energies with respect to load requirements. The RE system components have substantially different voltage-current characteristics and they are integrated on the DC bus through power conditioning devices for autonomous operation by using the developed control system. The experimental results clearly indicate that a stand-alone RE system based on hydrogen production is quite safe and reliable.


During survey of bacterial blight of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Punicae, maximum disease incidence on fruit (70%) was recorded in Bagalkot district followed by Koppal (58.57%), Gadag (50%), Bijapur (48.57%) and Raichur (48.57) districts.Average per cent disease index (PDI) on fruits was observed as maximum in Bagalkot district (35%) and minimum in Bijapur and Raichr districts (24.28%). Among the plant extracts, Ocimum (tulsi) leaves, followed by neem seed oil, garlic bulb extractand Pogostemon (patchouli) leaves were found effective against the pathogen. Among the different antagonists, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens were found superior in inhibiting growth of the pathogen.


Many a time, the endodontic treatment of a necrotic mandibular first molar with aberrant canal configuration can be diagnostically and technically challenging. This case report presents a mandibular first molar that was diagnosed with necrotic pulp and symptomatic apical periodontitis. The mesiobuccal and mesiolingual root canals of the subject tooth exhibited an intricate anatomy with inter-canal ramifications. The subject tooth was instrumented to a final size of #20/.07. The tooth was treated in a single-visit appointment using the GentleWave® System (Sonendo, Laguna Hills, CA). The canals were obturated utilizing a warm vertical technique with gutta percha and AH Plus. The patient reported no post-operative pain. Radiographs revealed healing within 6-months after the GentleWave® Procedure. Non-instrumented areas and a lateral canal were also completely obturated after the GentleWave Procedure.


In oriental medicine, the pulse wave of a radial artery is a critical diagnosis factor. An oriental doctor puts a finger on the radial artery to sense the pulse wave of a radial artery. The pulse wave plays an important role because its shape, pressure, and duration determine the pathological status of a patient. Chongumaekbeop, which is a traditional technique for measuring the pulse by using a finger, is sometimes believed to be not reproducible due to the subjective judgment of the measurement location and pulse signal, so we performed a clinical experiment with a developed diagnosis equipment to produce quantitative and reproducible results. In this study, we measured the pulse wave of the radial artery and quantified the speed, intensity, and power of the pulse wave using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We confirmed the applicability of the developed system through an analysis of the pulse wave. We used two OCT systems whose measurement parameters are different because of the measurement limitation and analysis of vector components of pulse movement. We gathered 25 volunteers, compared and analyzed the experiment results with four oriental medicine doctors' diagnosis. The results showed an agreement of 88% in pulse speed, 64% in pulse intensity, and 72% in pulse power when comparing traditional measurements with the system using OCT. We confirmed the dynamical motion detection through the two-dimensional image to ensure the reproducibility of the developed system. Thus, if the OCT system is applied to pulse measurement systems in oriental medicine, it may partially substitute for traditional measurement methods.


This study investigates the feasibility of β-carotene production from Dunaliella salina isolated from the Dead Sea employing a number of interdependent steps and focusing on the laboratory scale cultures. Then the produced β-Carotene was subjected to enzymatic oxidation using the enzyme 15,15' β-β carotene dioxygenase to produce tretinoin (vitamin A). The produced vitamin A was verified using proper analysis. Dunaliella salina was isolated from the Dead Sea and cultivated using a certain media until the cell count was 6 million cell/ml, then it was centrifuged and extracted using organic solvents and oils like jojoba oil and ethanol. The extracted β-carotene was subjected to enzymatic oxidation in a bioreactor under inert atmosphere of nitrogen. Freeze drying step was performed to obtain vitamin A as powder. The produced vitamin A powder was of a very high purity, and it has a very strong economic potentiality.


This paper presents a novel method to diagnose magnetization faults produced during magnetization process using stator coils of a brushless dc motor with concentrated windings. It is demonstrated that the stator coil magnetization faults can cause a drop of energy efficiency of the brushless dc motor through computer simulations using a magnetization fault model and efficiency test using compressors. The proposed method diagnoses the stator coil magnetization faults by using an inverter during the brushless dc motor driving test after the magnetization process is completed. An experimental study on the brushless dc motor for compressor shows that the stator coil magnetization faults can be detected with high sensitivity.


Sidorenko's conjecture states that for every bipartite graph $H$ on $\{1,\cdots,k\}$, $\int \prod_{(i,j)\in E(H)} h(x_i, y_j) d\mu^{|V(H)|} \ge \left( \int h(x,y) \,d\mu^2 \right)^{|E(H)|}$ holds, where $\mu$ is the Lebesgue measure on $[0,1]$ and $h$ is a bounded, non-negative, symmetric, measurable function on $[0,1]^2$. An equivalent discrete form of the conjecture is that the number of homomorphisms from a bipartite graph $H$ to a graph $G$ is asymptotically at least the expected number of homomorphisms from $H$ to the Erdős-Renyi random graph with the same expected edge density as $G$. In this paper, we present two approaches to the conjecture. First, we introduce the notion of tree-arrangeability, where a bipartite graph $H$ with bipartition $A \cup B$ is tree-arrangeable if neighborhoods of vertices in $A$ have a certain tree-like structure. We show that Sidorenko's conjecture holds for all tree-arrangeable bipartite graphs. In particular, this implies that Sidorenko's conjecture holds if there are two vertices $a_1, a_2$ in $A$ such that each vertex $a \in A$ satisfies $N(a) \subseteq N(a_1)$ or $N(a) \subseteq N(a_2)$, and also implies a recent result of Conlon, Fox, and Sudakov \cite{CoFoSu}. Second, if $T$ is a tree and $H$ is a bipartite graph satisfying Sidorenko's conjecture, then it is shown that the Cartesian product $T \Box H$ of $T$ and $H$ also satisfies Sidorenko's conjecture. This result implies that, for all $d \ge 2$, the $d$-dimensional grid with arbitrary side lengths satisfies Sidorenko's conjecture.


From the Publisher:
If you've begun programming using Microsoft's .NET Framework, you've discovered a lot of new and improved functionality. But, more than likely, you've also discovered a lot of missing functionality. Indeed, a third of the functions supported by the old Win32 API are not yet supported by .NET. Although you may not at first notice the loss of Win32 API functionality in .NET, the more you program, the more you'll realize how essential it is. As a programmer, you will not want to do without these solutions.
.NET Framework Solutions: In Search of the Lost Win32 API is one more thing you can't do without: a complete guide to your options for dealing with the functionality missing from .NET. As you'll learn, some functions are handily situated within Visual Basic or C#. In most cases, however, you'll need to access the old Win32 API from the .NET Framework. This is demanding work, but this book makes it easy, walking you through every step and paying special attention to the work of managing memory manually-the most error-prone part of the process.
The topics covered inside are as varied as the missing functionality: direct hardware access, low-level security control, certain aspects of OS access, support for multimedia and utilities, and DirectX. You also get hard-to-find information on COM access, plus a collection of examples-dealing with DirectX and the MMC Snap-ins-that unite COM and Win32 access in especially illuminating ways.
Over time, you can expect to see the .NET Framework expanded to include much of what it now lacks. But your programming tasks can't wait, and .NET Framework Solutions makes you productive-today.
Featured on the CD
The enclosed CD contains all the book's code, plus a handy collection of utilities. You get a fully functional copy of Philip Craig's NUnit, along with trial versions of CursorArts' Icon Forge and Alchemy Mindworks' Graphic Workshop and GIF Construction Set.
About the Author
John Mueller is a freelance author and technical editor who has produced 55 books and over 200 articles on topics ranging from networking to artificial intelligence to database management to heads-down programming. His most recent book is Visual C# .NET Developer's Handbook, also from Sybex. As a technical editor, he has helped more than two dozen authors refine their manuscripts and has provided technical editing services to both Data Based Advisor and Coast Compute magazines. He's also contributed articles to SQL Server Professional, Visual C++ Developer, and Visual Basic Developer. He's the editor of the .NET electronic newsletter for Pinnacle Publishing.


An experimental study for electrodeposition of gold metal on the silicon wafer for the formation of an integral heat sink of IMPATT diodes is presented in this paper. The rate of deposition is 5.0 microns/hr to 8.0 microns/hr with optimized plating parameters.


Measurements have been made of the adsorption by graphitised carbon black (Graphon) from liquid mixtures of benzene + ethanol and n-heptane + ethanol over the temperature range 283 to 333 K. The data have been subjected to thermodynamic analysis to obtain the standard differences between the surface excess properties of the solid/pure component interfaces, and between the enthalpies of immersion of the solid in the pure liquids. When taken with previously reported data for the system (benzene + n-heptane)/Graphon, these results demonstrate the thermodynamic consistency of the measurements of adsorption from the three pairs of binary mixtures derived from benzene, n-heptane and ethanol. The enthalpy data agree with direct calorimetric measurements. The adsorption data are also used to test the validity of the monolayer model of adsorption: this is compatible with the data for (benzene + n-heptane)/Graphon, but a minimum thickness of three layers for (benzene + ethanol)/Graphon and four layers for (n-heptane + ethanol)/Graphon is required to achieve thermodynamic consistency between a surface-phase model and the experimental data. Surface activity coefficients are calculated and show that deviations from ideality in the surface phase are roughly comparable with those in the bulk solutions.


To the Editor:— Iagainst the statement which appears at the beginning of the London Letter in the issue of the issue ofThe Journal of the American Medical Associationfor March 30. The sentence to which I refer is as follows:"In 1930, when this party was in power, the British Medic thissociation brought forward a scheme for a state medical service for the whole populationt" Iwish to state emphatically that the British Medical Association has never brought forwa Medica such scheme. It is true that we have advised the extension of the present national health insurance system to include, first, the dependents of all the existing insured persons and others of a like economic statds;and, secondly, the provision of a consultant service and all necessary specialist and auxiliary forms of diagnosis and treatment, for this defined section of t and treat ent, never advocated the inclusion within the ambit of the national health insurance scheme of that


Animal grouping behaviors have been widely studied due to their implications for understanding social intelligence, collective cognition, and potential applications in engineering, artificial intelligence, and robotics. An important biological aspect of these studies is discerning which selection pressures favor the evolution of grouping behavior. The selfish herd hypothesis states that concentrated groups arise because prey selfishly attempt to place their conspecifics between themselves and the predator, thus causing an endless cycle of movement toward the center of the group. Using an evolutionary model of a predator-prey system, we show that the predator attack mode plays a critical role in the evolution of the selfish herd. Following this discovery, we show that density-dependent predation provides an abstraction of Hamilton's original formulation of "domains of danger." Finally, we verify that density-dependent predation provides a sufficient selective advantage for prey to evolve the selfish herd in response to predation by coevolving predators. Thus, our work verifies Hamilton's selfish herd hypothesis in a digital evolutionary model, refines the assumptions of the selfish herd hypothesis, and generalizes the domain of danger concept to density-dependent predation.


The disruption of innovations through technology in the banking and finance sectors continues to indicate a positive trend among bankers, practitioners, and customers at large. Advantageous with speediness and fast track transaction, the innovations of technology support the spread in using banking and finance system without barriers of time and space. Recently, the banking and finance industry continues to be surprised by the latest technology's innovation that is known as artificial intelligence or can be simply known as A.I. By looking into the ecosystem for the future sustainability of Islamic banking and finance in South East Asia, Islamic banking and finance may learn and adopt several best practices of A.I. from global banking practices. An exploration of the advantages of A.I. and readiness of the Islamic banking and finance industry in South East Asia must be looked into without fail. This research will also look into the attitudes of Islamic banks' leadership in South East Asia in accepting A.I. Depending on secondary data collected by previous studies, this research depends on the qualitative investigation from documentary materials from Islamic and conventional banking and finance industry. As identified, A.I. stands with several advantages to the Islamic and finance industry in South East Asia. Even though the leadership of Islamic banks shows their readiness towards accepting the technology's innovation or A.I., they are still tied down to the regulatory requirements, the readiness of their employees, acceptance of their shareholders, and awareness of their customers. HSBC seems to be at the front sit in implementing technology's innovation of A.I. This research explores the best practices of implementing A.I. in the banking and finance industry that may be adopted by the Islamic banking and finance industry in South East Asia. It also identifies the trend of leadership in the said industry in facing the disruption of technology.


A reduced divisor on a nonsingular variety defines the sheaf of logarithmic 1-forms. We introduce a certain coherent sheaf whose double dual coincides with this sheaf. It has some nice properties, for example, the residue exact sequence still holds even when the divisor is singular, and also it has a simple locally free resolution. We specialize to the case when the divisor is an arrangement of hyperplanes in projective space, and relate the properties of stability of the sheaf with the combinatorics of the arrangement. We also extend a Torelli type theorem to non generic arrangements which allows one to reconstruct an arrangement from the sheaf attached to it.


This paper aims to present the essential basis for an effective higher education reform. The strategies chosen by the authors to develop and to construct their proposals are based on studies of evolution and special features of the Brazilian Higher Education System. By analyzing this special and highly complex system the authors could conclude that in order to fit the challenges which emerge from the knowledge society the higher education system reform adjusted to a country like Brazil has to be reorganized in order to present solutions to three main questions: the system modernization, the improvement of the quality of the whole brazilian education system and the promotion of social inclusion through the access democratization.


This study explored the teacher knowledge manifestation of Integrated Science (IS) teachers who have specialised in Chemistry, Biology or Physics during their pre-service teacher education. 60 experienced Integrated Science teachers responded to an 'Integrated Science Teacher Knowledge' questionnaire which embraced different dimensions of teacher knowledge. The results of the study indicate that the IS teachers have a common set of knowledge, skills, and dispositions that are, in their professional opinion, needed and in some instances, would enable them to teach IS. The research participants had considerable knowledge as well as clear views about what it meant for them to be IS teachers. It however should be noted that there was a marked variance in the perception of the three cohorts of teachers towards teaching through Practical Work, importance of pre-service teacher education specialisation towards teaching IS and knowledge of students' culture. This study provides contextual inputs to effective IS teacher education re-alignment informed by the IS teacher practitioners, those with the craft knowledge of the contextual environment of the IS classrooms.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: proposed converter comprises multiple photo electric converters with light-sensitive surface, isolating films, multiple light guide sections arranged atop isolating films. Note here that each light guide section directs light onto light-sensitive surface and boundary sections. Note also that each boundary section forms boundary between adjacent light guide sections and is made from material with lower refractivity compared with that of light guide section material. Note also that width of each boundary section does not exceed half the minimum wavelength of visible light, and height from bottom to top surfaces of every light guide section makes at least double maximum wavelength of visible light. EFFECT: efficient light collection. 15 cl, 9 dwg


China's rural buildings are large in scale. Most of them are not energy efficient. New wall materials play a significant role in energy-saving building. However, the slow promotion in low-income rural areas has affected the energy conservation and emission reduction of rural buildings. Based on the survey data, the economic evaluation method of energy saving wall materials in rural buildings is proposed, and a static recovery period model is established. The cost and benefit of the sample are calculated. The research results will help solve the problem of popularizing technologies in low-income rural areas.


1. Introduction: Beyond the Palio: Urbanism and Ritual in Renaissance Siena: Philippa Jackson and Fabrizio Nevola. 2. 'Sotto uno Baldachino Trionfale': the Ritual Significance of the Painted Canopy in Simone Martini's Maesta: Diana Norman. 3. Enter the Emperor: Charles IV and Siena between Politics, Diplomacy and Ritual (1355 and 1368): Gerrit Schenk. 4. Altars on the Street: The Arte della Lana, the Carmelites and the Feast of Corpus Domini in Siena 1356-1456: Machtelt Israels. 5. Ritual Geography: Housing the Papal Court of Pius II Piccolomini in Siena (1459-60): Fabrizio Nevola. 6. Peace-making Rituals in Fifteenth-Century Siena: Christine Shaw. 7. Pomp or Piety? The Funeral of Pandolfo Petrucci: Philippa Jackson. 8. The Rise of the New Civic Ritual of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin in 16th Century Siena: Mauro Mussolin.


In this study, we focused on an appropriate classification of different odorants like biological odor clustering and constructed the odor map by sensor technology to achieve the odor discrimination. First, an sensor system that imitates the odor receptive mechanism of biological olfaction was developed. With some adsorbents, this system enables high detection and discrimination of odor by obtaining molecular parameters of odorants. Odor features can be extracted by measuring representative odor materials that belong to different glomeruli clusters. For the purposes, we developed nano-filter adsorbents, called as molecular imprinted polymer adsorbents (MIPAs), which have high molecular recognition ability. MIPAs enable the classification of odorants into belonging odor clusters. Finally, we measured the selectivity of MIPAs used poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) or peptide as MIP layer. MIPAs make it possible odor clustering and the construction of odor map in the biological olfaction.


We describe the clinical and whole genome sequencing (WGS) study of a non‐consanguineous Italian family in which two siblings, a boy and a girl, manifesting a severe epileptic encephalopathy (EE) with skeletal abnormalities, carried novel SLC35A3 compound heterozygous mutations. Both siblings exhibited infantile spasms, associated with focal, and tonic vibratory seizures from early infancy. EEG recordings showed a suppression‐burst (SB) pattern and multifocal paroxysmal activity in both. In addition both had quadriplegia, acquired microcephaly, and severe intellectual disability. General examination showed distal arthrogryposis predominant in the hands in both siblings and severe left dorso‐lumbar convex scoliosis in one. WGS of the siblings‐parents quartet identified novel compound heterozygous mutations in SLC35A3 in both children. SLC35A3 encodes the major Golgi uridine diphosphate N‐acetylglucosamine transporter. With this study, we add SLC35A3 to the gene list of epilepsies. Neurological symptoms and skeletal abnormalities might result from impaired glycosylation of proteins involved in normal development and function of the central nervous system and skeletal apparatus.


Abstract This paper describes a recent, innovative educational approach taken at the University of Colorado for teaching a senior-level undergraduate controls course. By using software written in a graphical programming language (in this case LabVIEW™) to control the hardware, the students were able to do all the programming themselves. The advantages of this approach over "canned" lab approaches are many. The students feel more responsible for the final product and they are able to apply control techniques learned in class in a more fundamentally creative way. We present some anecdotal evidence from the class taught in Autumn term, 2005, that suggests that students will often use tools from beyond the scope of the class to solve problems in creative and occasionally unexpected ways.


Peperomia pellucida is an America and Asia originated small herb belonging to the Family Piperaceae. The stems of Peperomia pellucida are reported to have good medicinal values in traditional system of medicine. The stems of Peperomia pellucida were collected locally, shade dried and extracted with methanol and water by using Soxhlet apparatus. The yield of methanolic and water extracts of stem were 7.25% and 15.05% respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out for the presence of Carbohydrates, Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Steroids, Triterpenoids etc and absence of saponins and proteins for methanolic extracts of Peperomia pellucida (stems). The physical evaluation was carried out for the determination of methanol-soluble extractive value, water-soluble extractive values; ash value includes total ash, acid insoluble ash and watersoluble ash, foaming index, swelling index, fibres measurement and moisture content for stems of Peperomia pellucida. The present study also highlights the Pharmacognostical studies on the stems of the plant Peperomia pellucida. These observations will help in the Pharmacognostical identification and standardization of the drug in the crude form and also to distinguish the drug from its adulteration.


The execution control of the port construction such as the breakwaters and the reclamations are required to express the spot of works in schedule. The major part of these constructions are worked in or on the sea, and covered a wide area. It is very difficult to express the spot of works in the usual execution control.Purpose of this paper is to propose a new type execution control method by using computer simulation. The project is divided into the multi-layers cell structures. Three kinds of concept such as the precedence distance, the time distance and the safety distance are introduced in the model. This is a reason why we can discuss the spot of works in terms of space and time. Following four items of study are carried out in this paper.(1) Sensitivity analysis of the activities.(2) Calculation of schedule to consider wave conditions.(3) Parallel execution control of the multi-projects.(4) Application to the reclamation construction.


Abstract The San Pablo field is a stratigraphic trap in Jim Hogg County, Texas, fourteen miles south of the town of Hebbronville. The field was discovered in 1948; the discovery well is the Baldridge & King #3 Mrs. S. K. East, which produced 95 barrels of 39° gravity oil per day. To January 1, 1984, the field has produced 1.4 million barrels, all from the Pettus formation, a medium grained, gray, argillaceous sandstone. The trapping mechanism is a stratigraphic pinchout. The Pettus is interpreted in this paper to be the lowermost marine transgressive unit of the Eocene Jackson Group. The volume of hydrocarbons produced from a relatively shallow depth (average production is −3175 ft.) qualifies the Pettus as a significant reservoir. The discovery and development of the San Pablo field may serve as a model for further exploration of stratigraphic oil fields in South Texas.


An improved deep sub-micron (0.25 /spl mu/m) MOSFET RF large signal model that incorporates a new breakdown current model and drain to substrate nonlinear coupling was developed and investigated with various experiments. An accurate breakdown model is required for a deep submicron MOSFET due to its relatively low breakdown voltage. For the first time, this improved RF nonlinear model incorporates the breakdown voltage turnover behavior into a continuously differentiable channel current model, and the new nonlinear coupling network between the drain and lossy substrate. The robustness of the model was verified with measured pulsed I-V, S-parameters, power characteristics and inter-modulation distortions at different input and output matching conditions, operating biases, and frequencies.


Article is on the summary in the last few years the work's foundation,usual maintenance towared liquid press change line up a head with maintained to make the analysis summarize,and put great emphasis on the explain its in the place of the actual applied lack in the process method for,also aim the lack give the method and suggestion improving it,have the stronger and practical value with certainly draw lessons from the meaning.


This paper presents a technique for parameter estimation of uncertain nonlinear systems based on the computation of an accurate and robust derivative using higher order sliding modes. The novelty of the method is to facilitate the determination of system parameters via calculating the derivatives of measured system input-outputs. To validate the technique, simulations have been performed for a laboratory benchmark uncertain nonlinear MIMO 'Three Tank System'. The simulation results demonstrate that the convergence of estimates to their nominal values faster than existing techniques even in the presence of measurement noise. The presented parameter estimation scheme is relatively simple and can be employed for the controller design and fault diagnosis of nonlinear systems.


The author makes a survey on today's family sports of Huanggang City proper by means ofquestionnaire,observation and data reference.The author draws such a conclusion as the following:low rate of townspeople taking part in family sports;monotonous type of family sports;weak aware-ness of self-discipline;unscientific training format of family sports.


Over the past years a particular version of Voluntary Agreements has been developed in the Netherlands. These agreements focus on energy efficiency: Long Term Agreements on Energy Efficiency (LTA's) and are strictly monitored. This type of agreement was first applied in sectors of industry. Later on it also found its way to services and commercial sectors. LTA's are primarily agreements between the government (Ministry of Economic Affairs) and representatives from economic sectors. The process to come to an LTA usually takes a few years. Once it is effective, it puts energy efficiency into focus in many individual companies. A variety of activities are undertaken to improve the sector's energy efficiency. As LTA's focus on particular sectors, they are (in content) highly dedicated to the characteristics of the sectors. In this program different parties agree to pursue the same tartget, although their primary motives may be different. Government primarily aims for an emission reduction of carbon-dioxide, while industry primarily is driven by cost benefits and the expectation that future regulation can be prevented by active participation. Currently, about 90% of industrial energy consumption is covered by LTA's. An intensive monitoring process assures that achievements are made visible. From this monitoring we see that in the year 1995 the energy efficiency improved by 10%, with respect to the reference year 1989. This meets the expectations of the program. In the year 2000, annual savings of about 1500 million Guilders for the Dutch industry are anticipated. This implies that the Dutch industry improves its performance compared with international competition. The LTA's offer a framework that also looks promising to be continued after expiration of the first target-year (2000).


Abstract:This article focuses on the philosophical content of images used to depict immanent causality and monism in Pierre Bayle's refutation of Spinoza's system and Matteo Ricci's dialogue The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven. It will be shown that monism was problematic for both authors because it challenged the Aristotelian understanding of efficient causality by implying an immanent causal relation, in which the agent and the patient were substantially identical. On a more general level, the question wanting to be addressed is why exactly monism or pantheism was deemed an unacceptable philosophical position. It is only when we look at the imagery employed to expose the allegedly absurd implications of the monist worldview that we begin to understand the kind of single-substance world to which the Early Modern authors reacted.


GYRO THE INVENTION CONCERNS A LASER COUPLED TO AN ENGINE EARTHQUAKE WITH WHICH IT FORMS A SET LOW FACTOR Q. ENGINE IN EARTHQUAKE IS COUPLED MECHANICAL AND IS GYROSCOPE20 ORDER BY SIGNAL MODULE FREQUENCY RANDOM WAY TO ELIMINATE THE gYRO OUTPUT SIGNAL ERRORS DUE TO FREQUENCY LOCK IN CASE OF ROTATION LOW SPEED SCOPE. gYROSCOPES LASER RING.


Through the design of supporting for deep foundation pit in a residential zone,it showed that the supporting of foundation should adjust measurs to local conditions and supporting methods should combined one another.


Existing research on Universal Multimedia Access has mainly focused on adapting multimedia to the network characteristics while overlooking the receiver capabilities. Alternatively, part 7 of the MPEG-21 standard entitled Digital Item Adaptation (DIA) defines description tools to guide the multimedia adaptation process based on both the network conditions and the available receiver resources. In this paper, we propose a new and generic rate-distortioncomplexity model that can generate such DIA descriptions for image and video decoding algorithms running on various hardware architectures. The novelty of our approach is in virtualizing complexity, i.e., we explicitly model the complexity involved in decoding a bitstream by a generic receiver. This generic complexity is translated dynamically into "real" complexity, which is architecture-specific. The receivers can then negotiate with the media server/proxy the transmission


Technetium-99 is an artificial radionuclide with a long half-life of 2.1 x 10{sup 5} y. The main sources of environmental {sup 99}Tc are nuclear weapons tests and nuclear industries such as nuclear fuel processing plants and waste disposal facilities. Due to its high mobility in the terrestrial environment, it is one of the most important radionuclides for does assessment. In this study, the authors propose a separation procedure for Tc in environmental waters using a resin, after which samples can be measured by ICP-MS. Tracer experiments were carried out to determine a suitable concentration of HNO{sub 3} for separation of Tc from Ru in environmental waters on TECA{center{underscore}dot}Spec{sup {trademark}} resin. This was necessary, because, with a common procedure, a small amount of Ru was found in the eluate of 12 M HNO{sub 3} solution. Ruthenium has an isotopic abundance of 12.7% at mass 99 which interferes with Tc counting by ICP-MS. Most of the Ru sorbed on the resin was desorbed by 40 mL of 2 M HNO{sub 3}. Sorbed Tc was readily recovered using 4 mL of 8 M HNO{sub 3}. No Ru was found in the eluate of 9 M HNO{sub 3} solution. The authors also checked themore » concentrations of major elements, such as Mg, Na and Ca, in the eluates passing through the resin column by ICP=AES. It was clear that most of the major elements in the environmental waters, adjusted to 0.1 M HNO{sub 3}, passed through the resin column and, subsequently, concentration of each coexisting element in the strip solution by 8 M HNO{sub 3} was lower than 20 ppm. The procedure was applied to 2 L each for both river water and seawater. The recoveries of Tc for both waters in 4 mL of the strip solution by 8 M HNO{sub 3} were more than 98% and the detection limit of {sup 99}Tc by this procedure with ICP-MS measurement was 0.3 mB1 L{sup {minus}1}.« less


It has now become a fashion among many historians, notably from the West, to denounce Gandhi's fast and the Poona Pact of 1932 as a great betrayal of the 'Untouchables'. This view essentially overlooks the constant effort of British imperialism to divide the Indian people into a number of special-interest groups at loggerheads with each other and so weaken the National Movement. This paper weighs the critics' assertions in the light of the British Government's own statements and those of the leaders of the Depressed Castes. It is also forgotten that the Poona Pact greatly increased Depressed Castes' representation; and that no separate electorates have been ever established in Western democracies to avoid majoritarian rule.


ABSTRACT This is an account of a qualitative study designed to elicit and analyse the narratives of women who had trained to be volunteer counsellors at a Rape Crisis centre. Little prior research has focused on the experiences of workers in Rape Crisis centres and this project was designed to explore women's experiences in ways that were meaningful to them. The research methods used were face-to-face, unstructured, in-depth individual interviews and group sessions. Participants in the individual interviews had all undertaken Rape Crisis training within the preceding two years. The group sessions involved all workers who were actively involved with the Rape Crisis centre at the time of the research. Five themes emerged from an inductive analysis of the data: motivation to train, complexity and change, changes in personal relationships, personal change and feminism. Overall the study highlights the complex, transformative processes that volunteer Rape Crisis counsellors may experience. The article concludes by identifying implications for practice that may serve to enhance training for volunteer counsellors in the future.


Harvest of low value trees and logging residues for bioenergy reduces downed wood post-harvest with potential indirect negative effects on ground-dwelling wildlife such as rodents. We assessed the influence of woody biomass harvests on rodent abundances using an operational-scale, randomized complete block experimental design study in North Carolina (4 blocks) and Georgia, USA (4 blocks). Each block contained 6 treatments randomly applied to a clearcut harvest, that varied by volume of woody biomass retained, and that represented existing woody biomass harvest recommendations. We livetrapped rodents in 2011–2013, calculated the minimum number known alive for each captured species, and used the value as an index of abundance. We compared abundance of the 3 most commonly captured species (deer mice [Peromyscus spp.], house mouse [Mus musculus], and hispid cotton rat [Sigmodon hispidus]) among treatments with generalized linear mixed effects models. We assessed relationships among species' abundance and measurements of downed woody debris and vegetation in each treatment unit using linear regression. Although abundance varied among treatments in some cases, we did not detect consistent relationships between woody biomass retention treatments and abundance. Volume of downed woody debris in the treatment unit negatively influenced house mice but had varying influences on deer mice across years. Downed woody debris groundcover negatively affected deer mice in North Carolina in 2012. Litter groundcover negatively influenced deer mice and hispid cotton rats, whereas grass groundcover positively influenced the hispid cotton rat. The lack of consistent relationships between rodent abundance and volume of retained woody debris suggests that the rodent species captured in this study were not affected by current efficiencies of operational woody biomass harvests in southeastern United States loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations. However, focal species were habitat generalists and less common species may have greater sensitivity to biomass harvests. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.


Although the risk management of agricultural firms is important, studies on the extreme risk dependence among agribusiness firms are minimal due to the diversity and complexity of the risks faced by agricultural firms. In this study, we developed a hybrid approach to analyse and uncover the potential risk dependence among agricultural firms. We examined thirty-two agricultural companies to study their dependence structure for risk losses. Three primary findings emerged. First, risk dependence is strong with an average value of 0.96. Second, the dependence structure is hierarchical and includes two network communities. Third, some key agricultural firms were identified in the dependence structure. These key firms are critical for the transmission of negative impacts across agricultural firms. Correspondingly, we suggest measures and strategies (such as improving the level of technological innovation and joint risk resistance capability) to reduce the impact of risk dependence.


Renal calculi formation is one of the most common urological disorders. Urinary stone disease is a common disease which affects 10-12% of the population in industrialized countries. The objective of the present study is to investigate the antiurolithiatic and antioxidant activity of fenugreek on ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in rats. Twenty male rats weighing 203-263 were used for this study. Group A animals received distilled water for 28 days. Group B to group D animals received 1% v/v ethylene glycol in distilled water for 28 days. Groups C and D received cystone and fenugreek, respectively, from day 15 to day 28. On day 28, blood was collected for serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and calcium level monitoring. Kidneys of rats from all the groups were removed, and histopathologically examined using Paraffin method. Samples of kidney were viewed under a scanning electron microscope. Histologically, the kidney of fenugreek treated group appeared mostly to be calculi-free, even better than the cystone treated group. Similarly, the calcium oxalate deposits, the serum (MDA), the renal tissue calcium content were all significantly lower than those in the other groups. The results of the present study suggest that fenugreek has a strong antiurolithiatic and antioxidant activity.


The 1990s will be the first decade after the revolutionary upheavals in the world economic and political system following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. Democracy has spread into areas which were earlier citadels of authoritarianism. For the first time 'peace' seems to have a real chance. Nations have not only the opportunity to settle all their disputes through concord rather than conflict, but also a real possibility to build up a cooperative international order, which can extend well beyond the international political and strategic relations.


Thermal conductivity of wood material is superior to other building materials because of its porous structure. Thermal conductivity is a very important parameter in determining heat transfer rate and is required for development of drying models in industrial operations such as adhesive cure rate. Thermal conductivity is used to estimate the ability of insulation of material. Thermal conductivity of wood material has varied according to wood species, direction of wood fiber, resin type, and addictive members used in manufacture of wood composite panels. The aim of the study is to produce a new wood composite material with insulating properties by using insulating material called as polystyrene instead of formaldehyde based adhesives as bonding material. Five different wood species (beech, poplar, alder, pine, spruce), six different polystyrene species with different density values were used in this study and three layers particleboard in 18 mm thickness was produced. Urea formaldehyde resin (UF) was used in conventional panels manufacturing as adhesive. Technical drying was applied half of the test groups, while the other group was conditioned until reach to 12% equilibrium moisture content at room temperature as natural before manufacturing process to determine the effect of drying. The thermal conductivity of new composite panels were determined according to ASTM C 518 & ISO 8301.  According to the results from the study, thermal conductivity values obtained from natural drying were found to be higher than technical drying. The type of binder that gives the lowest thermal conductivity values among tree species in natural drying is generally S5. The lowest values in technical drying were obtained from panels bonded with XPS.


Introduction Daniel M. Grimley Part I. Forging a Voice: Perspectives on Sibelius Biography: 1. The national nomposer and the idea of Finnishness Matti Huttunen 2. Vienna and the genesis of Jean Sibelius's Kullervo: 'Durchfuhrung zum Teufel!' Glenda Dawn Goss Part II. Musical Works: 3. The early symphonies: pastoral idylls, erotic anxieties and heroic subjectivities Stephen Downes 4. The genesis of the violin concerto Jukka Tiilikainen 5. The later symphonies Arnold Whittall 6. 'Finlandia Awakens!': Sibelius and Finlandia James Hepokoski 7. The tone poems: genre, landscape and structural perspective Daniel M. Grimley 8. Finnish Modern: love, sex, and style in Sibelius's songs Jeffrey Kallberg 9. Sibelius the miniaturist Veijo Murtomaki Part III. Influence and Reception: 10. The Finnish legacy: sub umbra Sibelii Ilkka Oramo 11. Sibelius in Germany: Wahrhaftigkeit beyond Allnatur Tomi Makela 12. Sibelius in Britain Peter Franklin 13. Sibelius and contemporary music Julian Anderson Part IV. Interpreting Sibelius: 14. Different kinds of fidelity: interpreting Sibelius on record Bethany Lowe 15. Interpreting Sibelius Sir Colin Davis and Osmo Vanska in conversation with Daniel M. Grimley Sir Colin Davis, Osmo Vanska and Daniel M. Grimley.


According to the design of repeatability in privilege management and the shortage of the existing RBAC model in practical applications,this paper puts forward a kind of improved RBAC model.The model,mainly based on the role authorization,has added the mechanism of direct user authorization,shielding part of authorization in roles and solving the distribution of exclusive authorization by priority.The paper,using the model from the viewpoint of reuse,designs and implements a self-adapting authority component in system.It realizes the component of authority management and increases the efficiency of software development in the future.


An optimization scheme based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for kinoform synthesis. Unlike conventional optimization schemes, the initial kinoforms here are obtained by Fourier transform of the original image with random phase masks. The phase masks are then optimized by GA in order to reduce the reconstruction noise caused by amplitude negligence and phase quantization. Compared with the conventional methods of the genetic algorithm, in which optimization is directly performed to the kinoforms, the scheme can significantly improve the convergence and reduce the computation cost.


It is urgent to maintain and reinforce many ancient timber structure buildings because of disadvantage of wood and destruction by nature and mankind.The strength of wood is the basis to establish repair scheme and determine replace one member whether or not are determined by,but there is a lack of the research achievements.In the paper,the performance degradation regularity of ancient or old wood and the effect of transverse crack to wood bending strength are analyzed,and the calculation methods of strength of wood for ancient timber structure buildings are provided.This may help the maintenance and reinforcement for ancient timber structure buildings.


1. A method of degassing part of the mold, comprising the steps of: introduction of the mold parts into the internal volume within the canister; ! seal of the inner volume; ! creating a vacuum in the internal volume; ! introduction of a gaseous fluid into the inner volume; and! maintaining the gaseous fluid in the internal volume for a period of time sufficient to degas the mold parts. ! 2. Foam for degassing part of the mold, containing: a substantially hollow housing defining an internal volume; ! first and second end portions attached to opposite ends of the housing, and further limiting the internal volume, wherein the first end portion has an opening formed therein for accessing the internal volume, so that the mold part may be introduced into the internal volume and extracted therefrom; ! a cover configured to selectively mount to the first end portion for closing the opening; and! and at least one member of the needle valve intended for introducing gaseous fluid into the internal volume and removing it therefrom and the membrane is in fluid communication with the internal volume, so that the membrane can provide a pressure difference indication between the internal volume and the environment around the canister. ! 3. A device for degassing object containing: a substantially tubular first portion having an inside space for receiving the object therein; ! a second portion covering the first end of the first portion; ! a third portion covering a second end of the first part, the third part has an opening formed therein for


Zeolites find widespread application as microporous solid acid catalysts in the chemical industry. Their performance is often limited by slow molecular diffusion in the zeolite micropores. Hierarchical zeolites that contain intracrystalline mesopores can solve this problem because of increased diffusion rates. They can be prepared by using expensive templates or by applying tedious post-synthesis procedures. Here we present a novel and inexpensive approach to obtain hierarchical SSZ-13 zeolite (CHA topology) without additional organic additives. We show that fluoride anions in an alkaline synthesis gel alter zeolite growth in such way that fine grained zeolite crystals are obtained with additional micropores (~ 0.5 nm) that are larger than the inherent SSZ-13 micropores (0.38 nm). This dual porosity zeolite exhibits much increased lifetime in the industrially important methanol-to-olefins reaction.


Attribute based encryption(ABE) is an efficient technique that exploits attributes and access policies to achieve fine-grained access control in cloud computing. Besides, outspread ABE schemes with multiple authorities(multi-authority ABE) are more suitable for practical applications than basic single-authority ABE schemes. Nevertheless, existing multi-authority ABE schemes either can't preserve access policies' privacy or sustain expensive computational cost of encryption and decryption phases. In this paper, to tackle the above challenges, we propose an online/offline and outsourced multi-authority ABE scheme with policy protection. Roughly speaking, our main idea is to alleviate the online computation overhead for owners by splitting the encryption algorithm to the online encryption and offline encryption. During the decryption phase, users outsource massive decryption operations to the proxy server via the technique of transformation key. We can demonstrate that our scheme is secure and also protects the privacy of access policies according to security analysis. Furthermore, performance analysis shows that our scheme can lighten the computation burden for both owners and users and is quite appropriate for resource-limited devices in the multi-authority systems.


Examples of the types disclosed embodiments progressive response to the form processing method and the terminal of the present invention. Example embodiments of the present invention comprises: acquiring before the account number N bits with a predetermined rule input by the user, wherein, N is an integer greater than zero; the first N bits of the account, compared with information stored in a predetermined rule, if the matching obtain the account number length; acquiring the remaining number of the account number entered by the user; the user when the account number matches the length of the total fill length of the acquired account number, the user interface showing the next input. So that users have a better experience.


The authors evaluate the archaeological evidence for a practice that has often been cited in support of the suggestion that the images detected over the eyes of the figure on the Shroud of Turin are coins.


Using a depth interview, this study analyzed the change in consumer behavior and eating habits during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that during April to May 2020, most respondents had reduced the frequency of shopping. Some of them cooked new dishes and increased the number of meals as they stayed at home for longer hours and had enough time in hand for cooking. We also noted that during March to May 2021, when the work schedule returned to pre-COVID-19 times, the frequency of shopping and meal menus returned as well.


In this paper, a novel method for the estimation of the attitude of an automotive vehicle is presented. The algorithm uses low-cost sensors, namely, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and a three-axis accelerometer. It employs a kinematic model of the vehicle, which is augmented by unknown parameters of the system. An extended Kalman filter (EKF) is employed, which produces estimates of the vehicle attitude, as well as the installation angles of the sensor unit with respect to the vehicle. Compared with existing approaches, it does not require knowledge of the road tilt angle, and it automatically compensates for different installation angles. It is therefore particularly well suited for applications where there is no control over how the unit is installed in the vehicles, as is the case with personal navigation assistants. The method is numerically robust by using nonsingular attitude parametrization; results are given for simulations and real-world experiments.


By using oxidation modification,pasting agent,cross linked gelatin and naki montmorillonite,the stability corn starch adhesive is developed.The effect of bond behavior for corn starch adhesive was investigated.Effect of the amount of oxidant,pasting agent,crosslinked gelatin and naki montmorillonite on the starch adhesive bonding performance were studied.The results showed that the optimal of directions for producing chemicals for corn starch adhesive was determined 0.3% potassium permanganate,0.9% NaOH,0.3% borax and naki montmorillonite 4%.


We study the IR behavior of noncommutative gauge theory in the matrix formulation. We find that in this approach, the nature of the UV/IR mixing is easily understood, which allows us to perform a reliable calculation of the quantum effective action for the long wavelength modes of the noncommutative gauge field. At one loop, we find that our description is weakly coupled only in the supersymmetric theory. At two loops, we find non-trivial interaction terms suggestive of dipole degrees of freedom. These dipoles exhibit a channel duality reminiscent of string theory.


Esophageal injury or perforation is a rare but life threatening complication of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Most of the patients manifest symptoms within 24 hours of the procedure and upper esophagus is the most common site of injury. Incidence of esophageal perforation is relatively rare, in a large series of 10,000 cases of TEE, the incidence of esophageal perforation was reported in 3 cases (0.03%) and in another study it was found to be 1 in 5,000 TEEs, 0.02%. This is a case report that highlights a case of esophageal perforation and false passage discovered accidentally 24 hours postoperatively, in contrast to most of the previous esophageal perforation case reports, a conservative management was undertaken successfully since the discovery of the complication until the full recovery and the discharge of the patient from the cardiac ICU, a follow up upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and CT chest showed progressive resolution of the hematoma surrounding the esophagus, healing of the false passage and recovery of the mediastinal gas locules.


One approach to the reader-writer problem that has been around a while uses shared and exclusive access For read and write operations respectively--shared access being defined as no other processes having exclusive access, and exclusive access being defined as no other processes having access. However, developing an distributed algor i thm based on this approach can be rather problematic. Coordinat ion of process blocking and unb!ocking among processes sharing access can contribute to algorithmic complexity. Also, if mutual exclusion is used for this coordination, processes sharing access can block each other, an undesirable ell~ct. To avoid these and some other problems as well, let us restate our definitions of shared and exclusive access in bakery style algorithm form. Thus


Effective teaching is one of the purposes of layering teaching in foreign languages. In the process of layering teaching, teachers play various and new roles, affecting students' development in many ways. The thesis mainly discusses teachers' new roles and countermeasure and suggestions for teachers' roles conversion. Keywords—teacher's role; conversion; layering teaching; effective teaching


PurposeThe paper aims to study the relationship between corporate social responsibility, green supply chain management, and operational performance and the moderating effects of relational capital on these relationships.Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct an empirical study with a structural equation modeling approach to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility—constructed by the quality and environmental responsibility, green supply chain management—including green supplier and customer management and operational performance—manifested by quality, cost, flexibility, and delivery performance using data from 308 manufacturers in China. Besides, the authors explore the moderating effect of supplier and customer relational capital on these relationships.FindingsThe findings indicate that a company's quality and environmental responsibility significantly impacts its green supply chain management practices, which further improve its operational performance in quality, cost, flexibility, and delivery. In addition, supplier and customer relational capital strengthens the influence of environmental responsibility on green supply chain management. While supplier relational capital reinforces the impact of green supplier management on flexibility and delivery performance, customer relational capital only strengthens the influence of green customer management on flexibility performance.Originality/valueThe study enriches the extant literature by developing a holistic framework integrating corporate social responsibility, green supply chain management, relational capital, and operational performance and unraveling their intricate relationships. The authors' findings help practitioners prioritize proactive steps in environmental conservation more than achieving operational performance.


T his article is an interesting discussion of the pathophysiology associated with deformational plagiocephaly from a historical perspective. As the authors highlight, deformational plagiocephaly resulting from either intentional or de novo forces has been described in societies throughout history. Modern research links significant cranial deformity with alterations in mental ability; however, the prevalence and impact of these defects on historical societies remain uncharacterized. Here, Lekovic et al discuss findings from their anthropologic study of deformational plagiocephaly in various civilizations throughout time. In investigating this complex topic, the authors reviewed anthropologic data as well as the museum collections of Arizona State University and San Diego Museum of Man. Here, they examined skeletal evidence, ancient art, and relics from ancient cultures, such as theMaya. The authors describe the use of binding boards and stones to intentionally produce deformational plagiocephaly as a symbol of ethnicity or status. Prompted by contemporary reports linking significant cranial deformity with impaired cognitive development, Lekovic et al then assessed the impact of deformational plagiocephaly on affected members of these societies throughout history. Although the authors recognize that anthropological evidence with which to evaluate this topic is scarce, they cite several historical sources. Early reports by noted explorers Lewis and Clark, as well as Samuel Morton, describe large populations of native Americans with both substantial cranial deformity and normal intelligence. In addition, the authors argue that any adverse effects resulting from intentional cranial manipulation wouldmost likely have discouraged the continuation of this elective practice. Overall, this is an interesting study on a large, challenging topic over an extended period of time. As a result of their thoughtful approach to and rational execution of project design, Lekovic et al have provided novel insight into the incidence and character of deformational plagiocephaly in various ancient civilizations throughout time.


The traditional particle filter tracking algorithm usually leads to tracking error or failure,when the target is interfered by the similar background or blocked by the other object.To eliminate these effects,an improved method was proposed.To overcome the background interference,the logarithm likelihood function was used to fuse the background information into the target model,and the target was divided into multiple sub-regions to fuse the spatial information into the target model,which increase the model reliability.Considering that the target might be under occlusion,the historical trajectory information was stored over a little of time and the least square method was used to predict the target location in the next frame.Experimental results show that the improved tracking method is more robust to background interference and has better tracking accuracy in occlusion cases than the traditional particle filter.


Review(s) of: History and biography: Dream road, a journey of discovery, by P. Trezise, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, 1993, pp ix + 205.


Objective To assess the effective and safety of neuroendoscopy VS ventricular drainage in patient with intraventricular hemorrhage.Methods We searched The Cochrane Library,MEDLINE,EMbase,CBM,VIP,CNKI and Wanfang database to search Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) or case controlled clinical trials.The quality of the included trials was assessed and meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.1 software.Results Eleven trials involving 674 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed: ① There was significant difference in the odds ratio of mortality [OR=0.42,95%CI(0.27,0.67),P0.01] between neuroendoscopic surgery and ventricular drainage;② The efficiency of the clearance of hematoma was higher in neuroendoscopic surgery than in ventricular drainage [OR=7.10,95%CI(2.73,18.50),P0.01];③ The ventriculo-peritoneal shunt dependency rate of neuroendoscopic group was significantly lower compared with the control group [OR=0.16,95%CI(0.09,0.31),P0.01].Conclusion The neuroendoscopic surgery can effectively decrease the mortality,improve the prognosis and improve the quality of life,and reduce the dependence of shunt surgery.


Infrared radiant model of target and background is very important in testing and evaluating performance of IR seekers.It has very important military value.An infrared radiant model generation system based on image database are introduced.Flowchart and software design of the system are described.Using the synthesizing techniques,the system chose target and background images from the image database to generate dynamic infrared radiant model.Finally testing results indicate that the system can meet the needs of application in practice.


Although Exodus is not an Israeli film, it has become an inspiring model text for the heroic-nationalist genre in Israeli cinema. The promotion of Zionism as a liberation movement by Exodus was an imperative. When the film was released in 1960, the propagation of the myth of Palestine as 'a land without the people' prior to Zionist settlement was no longer tenable, thus creating a need to rewrite the history of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict for the international community and the American audience in particular. Following a long colonialist tradition, the film presents Zionism as fulfilling a 'civilising mission' with regard to the indigenous Arab population (the 'Canaanites' of the biblical narrative). To further strengthen this reading, the film shows that the native Arabs actually welcomed the Jews and even gave them the land of Palestine voluntarily as an act of gratitude for the progress they brought to this undeveloped corner of the world.


A computer vision system for tracking multiple people in relatively unconstrained environments is described. Tracking is performed at three levels of abstraction: regions, people and groups. A novel, adaptive background subtraction method that combines colour and gradient information is used to cope with shadows and unreliable colour cues. People are tracked through mutual occlusions as they form groups and part from one another. Strong use is made of colour information to disambiguate occlusions and to provide qualitative estimates of depth ordering and position during occlusion. Some simple interactions with objects can also be detected. The system is tested using indoor and outdoor sequences. It is robust and should provide a useful mechanism for bootstrapping and reinitialisation of tracking using more-specific but less-robust human models.


We investigated the effect of high operating voltage and series resistance on the dynamic behavior of strained InGaAs/GaAs quantum well vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers (VCSELs). A large wavelength chirp in the lasing spectrum is observed for the lasers with high voltage/resistance even under low‐duty‐cycle pulse operation due to resistive heating close to the laser junction. Using an optimized laser design, VCSELs with 2.6 V threshold voltage and 40 Ω resistance are achieved. We believe this is the lowest threshold voltage and resistance reported to date for a 20 μm VCSEL with as‐grown mirrors. The wavelength chirp is reduced by nearly two orders of magnitude for these improved lasers.


We present observations of SDF-05M05, an unusual optical transient discovered in the Subaru Deep Field (SDF). The duration of the transient is > ∼ 800 days in the observer frame, and the maximum brightness during observation reached approximately 23 mag in the i′ and z′ bands. The faint host galaxy is clearly identified in all five optical bands of the deep SDF images. The photometric redshift of the host yields z ∼ 0.6 and the corresponding absolute magnitude at maximum is ∼ − 20. This implies that this event shone with an absolute magnitude brighter than −19 mag for approximately 300 days in the rest frame, which is significantly longer than a typical supernova and ultraluminous supernova. The total radiated energy during our observation was 1 × 1051 erg. The light curves and color evolution are marginally consistent with some luminous IIn supernovae. We suggest that the transient may be a unique and peculiar supernova at intermediate redshift.


This document contains case studies focusing on solvents and metals waste streams from the metal-plating and printed-circuit-board industries. Specific waste streams studied include waste solvents from resist stripping and developing operations, and plating baths and waste sludges from plating operations. The case studies include a discussion of the process operations, waste streams, mass throughputs, economics of the technology, and process residuals.


Gain-assisted propagation of surface plasmon-polaritons along chains of metallic nanoparticles is studied with the coupled-dipole method, the validity of which is justified using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations.


Taking Anyi ancient village as an example,the author concretely analyzes the female using space of the character and the position of the officer,the merchants and the people,discusses the female using space in the modern residence,explores the female using space in the ancient architecture,which plays an important role to optimize the female using space in the modern architecture.


METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ALIGN FRAME SON TISSUE AFTER FINISHING OPERATIONS. A BAND OF FABRIC 8 PARADE WHICH IS STRETCHED ON A PORTION OF ITS DEFINED LENGTH, ESSENTIALLY IN THE DIRECTION OF THE fRAME WITH A GROWING FORCE IN THE DIRECTION OF ITS SCROLL BETWEEN TWO DRUMS VOLTAGE 1 1 WHAT YOU CAN MOVE iNDEPENDENTLY OF EACH OTHER SO AS IN CASE OF STRAIN SLANT THE FABRIC OF DIFFERENT STRENGTHS THAT APPEAR ON MEANS OF VOLTAGE 1 TO 7 MAY OFFSET DURING THE sCROLL, WHICH REMOVES THE STRAIN. OFFERS ON, INSIDE THE LENGTH OF PORTION, OF SOFT TISSUE TAPE ON MANY INDIVIDUAL PORTIONS 7 AND ADJUST TENSION WITHIN THESE INDIVIDUAL PORTIONS INDEPENDENTLY OF EACH OTHER. THE INVENTION ALLOWS TO REMEDY THE TISSUE STRAIN CAUSED BY FINISHING OPERATIONS.


be almost entirely confined to 'amplifying certain points through reference to the more recent literature, while leaving the essential text as its author had written it. For the most part new material has been added by way of footnotes'. I have been informed that other chapters have also had their footnotes updated to incorporate more recent publications, yet an exercise of this nature only serves to confuse the picture. From a historiographical perspective it would be important to know when precisely these chapters were written, and what monographs/articles and primary sources were available to the author at the time. One of the most striking features of this volume is the absence of any reference to archival sources relating to the period since 1945, although some of this material has been available for almost twenty years. Like the previous volumes of the New History ifIreland, there are good things to be found in volume VIT. I particularly enjoyed Vivien Mercier's chapter on 'Literature in English', not least because it does not dwell excessively on censorship and alienation; indeed Mercier suggests (p. 507) that the years after World War IT were a time when 'Irish writers and society were growing closer together'. His focus on writers who remained in Ireland, rather than on exiles is also refreshing. The chapter on the mass media by Rex Cathcart with Michael Muldoon is also worthy of note, as is Michael Hopkinson's balanced and concise account of the Irish civil war. The copy-editing is of the high standard that we have come to expect of the NewHistory, and I spotted very few factual errors, however the statement on p. lxii that 'In a 1924 census of production 51.77 per cent of Northern Ireland's total labour force was employed in making linen' is confusing; and Gilmor's reference to 'greater longevity of women' (p. 76) when writing about 'Land and people c. 1926' is not correct; Irish women had a lower life expectancy than Irish men until after World War IT.


Four cases of diastatic rupture of the cecum in association with an obstructing carcinoma of the left colon are presented.Abdominal roentgenograms demonstrating massive pneumoperitoneum, dilated cecum, and distal obstruction of the colon are considered characteristic of this entity.At the time of surgery for obstructing carcinomas of the colon, the cecum should be inspected for diastatic perforations.


The neutrino theory of light is reexamined.. The electromagnetic potential A P. (x) describing both the transverse and longitudinal waves are expressed in a bilinear form of the neutrino field ¢.(x), according to the gauge independent formalism of quantu'm electrodynamics. The continuous mass spectrum p(K2) is introduced for the composite photon, which plays an essential role in overcoming present serious problems. It is concluded that the conceivable differences in the statistical behavior of composite photons and in the scattering matrix from the results of conventional quantum electrodynamics, remains of order E (E is the upper bound of the continuous mass spectrum p(t£2)) assuming E is sufficiently small compared with the energy-momentum resolution of particles under interactions with photons, including photons themselves.


It was the summer of 1997, and I had just moved to a new teaching position at a Christian college in the southern U.S. I had been wanting to teach business ethics for a number of years, particularly Christian ethics because I couldn't see how ethics could be taught any other way. I had been doing my best at the state university where I was employed, but frankly, teaching Christian ethics was against the law there. So, I was especially excited about my new freedom of religion.


PURPOSE: A differentiated cultivation movable type sub-irrigation bed device is provided to differentiate an environment condition and to manage various types of differentiated cultivation methods by easily bed soil filling, cutting, seedling raising, planting and harvesting etc. CONSTITUTION: A differentiated cultivation movable type sub-irrigation bed device comprises the following: a plurality of sub-irrigation beds(1) which is equipped for differentiated cultivation; a bed transfer unit(2) which is carried out to while the sub-irrigation bed successively moves; and an irrigation unit(20) which is equipped at close to the bed transfer unit to supply a nutrient solution to each sub-irrigation bed moving consecutively. The bed transfer unit includes the following: a plurality of parallel transfer unit(10) arranged in the same direction; a cross transfer unit(30,40) interlinking each parallel conveying unit; a rail(14) which is equipped with a roller(15) at fixed intervals to transfer a plurality of sub-irrigation beds; a drive shaft(13) which is parallel with the rail; a wire(16) connecting to a driving shaft and each roller; the driving motor(11) connected with a diving shaft by a chain or a belt.


And an intuitive understanding of the user instruction input means (10) includes an easy to operate: a first direction detection unit (102), detecting a first direction as the direction of the watching user; a second direction detecting section (103), the detection point as the user a second operation direction; gaze position calculating portion (106), according to a user's position and the first direction, calculates the gaze position of the user on the display screen; group reference coordinate calculating unit (107), according to a user's position and the first direction, calculating the reference line, the reference line is a line corresponding to the position of fixation, and the line is connected to the user space and picture; the offset calculation unit (108), the coordinates of the reference input representing the user's hand position a distance in the second direction between the lines, as an offset with respect to the calculated position the gaze; and the pointer display position calculating unit (109), the fixation between a first position in the predetermined direction on the screen the screen the distance is the offset position, as the pointer display position calculated.


We test ideas put forward e.g in arXiv:1508.02368, which suggest that using rates in quantum optics can lead to better indicators of non-classicality for states of quantum optical fields with undefined photon numbers. By rate we mean the ratio of registered photons in a given detector to the total number of detected photons in all detectors in the experiment. For the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect for parametric down conversion fields, we show that by using two detector correlation functions which are defined in terms of averages of products of measured rates, rather than usual intensities, one can observe non -- classical visibilities beyond $1/2$ for significantly higher pump rates. At such rates we already have a partially stimulated emission which leads to significant amplitudes for multiple pairs production, still the new approach allows to clearly see the non-classical dip.


Background: Some membrane proteins, such as Kir2.3, are internalized by a clathrin-dependent mechanism even though they lack canonical endocytic signals. Results: A new endocytic signal in Kir2.3, consisting of two pairs of hydrophobic residues, interacts within a hydrophobic cleft in AP-2 ασ2 subunits. Conclusion: The repertoire of signals recognized by AP-2 is wider than previously anticipated. Significance: This study provides new insights into the mechanism of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Select plasma membrane proteins can be marked as cargo for inclusion into clathrin-coated pits by common internalization signals (e.g. YXXΦ, dileucine motifs, NPXY) that serve as universal recognition sites for the AP-2 adaptor complex or other clathrin-associated sorting proteins. However, some surface proteins, such as the Kir2.3 potassium channel, lack canonical signals but are still targeted for clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Here, we explore the mechanism. We found an unusual endocytic signal in Kir2.3 that is based on two consecutive pairs of hydrophobic residues. Characterized by the sequence ΦΦXΦΦ (a tandem di-hydrophobic (TDH) motif, where Φ is a hydrophobic amino acid), the signal shows no resemblance to other endocytic motifs, yet it directly interacts with AP-2 to target the Kir2.3 potassium channel into the endocytic pathway. We found that the tandem di-hydrophobic motif directly binds to the ασ2 subunits of AP-2, interacting within a large hydrophobic cleft that encompasses part of the docking site for di-Leu signals, but includes additional structures. These observations expand the repertoire of clathrin-dependent internalization signals and the ways in which AP-2 can coordinate endocytosis of cargo proteins.


The paper presents the results of the empirical study of Russian attitudes towards Belarus in general and processes of integration of Russia and Belarus, which are the components of the country image and the nation image. It is concluded that in the views of Russian citizens there exists a positive image of Belarusians as an ethnic group, which determined by the common historical past, the propinquity of the mentality, the close family and friendship relations. The image of the country is composed of such associative categories, as views of the economic, political and geographical parameters of the country, and descriptive characteristics given by the Belarusians themselves.


The dry etching resistance of cyclized polybutadiene negative resist, baked both in air and in vacuum, was investigated. After postbaking in air at above 160°C, the resist etching rate sharply rises. It was clarified by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, RAS method) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) that the resist oxidation decreases dry etching resistance. On the other hand, the highest resistance was obtained by baking the resist in vacuum at 200°C. The postbaking technique was confirmed as a method for increasing-dry etching resistance.


Members of four different groups of animal viruses are known to cause cancer in animals. (Only two of them, the leukoviruses and herpesviruses, cause cancer in nonlaboratory situations.) All the members of these groups of viruses form integrated viral DNA in infected cells. However, the efficiencies with which they cause cancer vary by over a dozen orders of magnitude. These differences in efficiency are a result of differences in efficiency of formation and expression of the genes for neoplastic transformation. Four models of mechanisms for formation of the genes for neoplastic transformation are presented. Two involve the formation of new DNA sequences. No efficient human cancer‐causing viruses are known. Therefore, it is proposed that human cancer is a result of formation of the genes for neoplastic transformation by misevolution of a normal cellular information transferring process. This misevolution is caused by chemicals, physical agents, or viruses.


The effect of a low level additive noise process on the input and output characteristics and threshold behavior of auditory nerves (ANs) is studied by means of a stochastic computational model. This paper derives the stochastic properties of the model input and output for adaptive threshold procedures. A closed form solution for the input, or amplitude, probability distribution is obtained via Markov models. The output statistics are derived by integrating over the noise-free probability mass function (PMF). All theoretical PMFs are verified by simulations. Theoretical threshold predictions as a function of noise level are made based on these PMFs and the results indicate that threshold is adversely affected by the presence of low levels of noise.


Objective
To explore the related risk factors of cervical lymph node jumping metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Methods
A total of 161 patients with thyroid cancer who underwent thyroidectomy in our hospital from June 2013 to January 2018 were collected and divided into two groups according to the occurrence of lymph node jumping metastasis, the clinical data were analyzed by SPSS 24.2 software. The data of class and geometric data were statistically described by frequency and constituent ratio, and compared by chi square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze significant variables in univariate analysis. In this study, the difference in P<0.05 was statistically significant.

Results
A total of 25 cases of 161 patients had lymph node jumping metastasis and the incidence of lymph node jumping metastasis was 15.5%. Univariate analysis showed that age, tumor size and tumor location were closely related to the incidence of skip metastasis (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the primary tumor less than 1 cm (OR=0.182, 95%CI=0.070~0.472, P=0.000) and the tumor located at the upper pole of the thyroid gland (OR=0.218, 95%CI=0.082~0.574, P=0.002)was an independent risk factor of skipping cervical lateral lymph node metastasis.

Conclusion
The location of the tumor in the upper pole and ≤1 cm are closely related to the jumping metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. For these patients, lateral neck lymph node dissection is recommend to reduce the recurrence risk of clinical papillary thyroid carcinoma when necessary.

Key words:
Thyroid neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma, papillary; Lymphatic metastasis; Risk factors


Concept generalization under incomplete domain theory is a very important research aspect in artificial intelligence. Current multilayer perceptron and EBL (explanation based learning) approaches cannot deal with it effectively. We present a new method, hybrid multilayer perceptron/EBL approach for concept generalization, which can deal with concept generalization more effectively.


—the Gyrfalcon is a circumpolar, arctic and resident raptor in Fennoscandia and is totally dependent on only one or two ptarmigan species, the Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus) and rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), for food over half of the year. the diet of the Gyrfalcon has been studied in many parts of its range in earlier decades, but recently only in a few regions. there is need for current knowledge of the availability and usage of prey, and regional and temporal variation of the diet, because the populations of the two Lagopus species seem to have declined in some parts of the Gyrfalcon s range. Availability of food may thus become a limiting factor for falcon populations, and it has been identified as the main threat for viability of falcon populations in the European range, together with the availability of secure nest sites. the published studies of inland populations come from alpine and tundra regions where the rock Ptarmigan is the most important prey species. In our study area in Finnish Lapland and neighbouring regions in northern Norway and sweden, during breeding seasons (1998 to 2010), Willow Ptarmigan was the main prey (73.6% of total Lagopus spp. by number). the two ptarmigan species formed 89% of the prey individuals, and this percentage varied little among regions and landscapes, or annually, despite strong cyclical fluctuations of the ptarmigan populations. the falcons feed their young almost exclusively on Lagopus spp. Other species of appropriate size (waders, waterfowl, etc.) were available only from late spring to late summer, and were hunted by falcons in small numbers. Received 11 March 2011, accepted 9 September 2011. KOsKImIEs, P., ANd s. suLKAvA. 2011. diet of the Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) in northern Fennoscandia. In r. t. Watson, t. J. cade, m. Fuller, G. Hunt, and E. Potapov (Eds.). Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a changing World. the Peregrine Fund, boise, Idaho, usA. http:// dx.doi.org/10.4080/gpcw.2011.0400


From the moment that the BRAF V600E mutation was first associated with melanoma, nearly 10 years ago, this large, phase 3 trial of vemurafenib


The announcement of dividend can be seen in two perspectives: if the dividend that is announced is up to expectations of shareholders, the market price of the shares will be positively affected. Whereas, if the dividend that is announced is not up to expectations of the equity investors, the market price of the shares will be negatively affected. Market efficiency is defined as the amount of time it takes for the stock market to react to announced public information. Finally, when a market is strong-form efficient, investors are unable to earn above normal returns by relying on both public and private information. This research is an attempt to find out the relationship between dividend announcement and the market efficiency. This paper explores the market reaction to dividend announcements of BSE SENSEX stocks for the period 2014–2017 using Event study methodology.


This work is inserted in the context of second life Li-ion batteries: for such storage devices, their first life characteristics are unknown and a simple capacity measurement might not be sufficient to fully characterize and get it ready for its second life. The Incremental Capacity Analysis (ICA) was used in this study to give a more intimate diagnosis of the batteries' Degradation Modes (DMs), providing a link with physical degradation phenomena. This method was applied to a lithium-ion battery module (NMC/Graphite) which was used in an electrical vehicle and to a single cell from a similar module in order to verify its potential use in this context. Both IC curves were then compared to a DM simulation using the (cid:48) Alawa software, capable of simulating different ageing phenomena and their effects on the IC curves. More-over, this work gives an intrinsic view and explanation of the IC signature for the mentioned battery technology.


Duc-Quercy, The French Socialist Party Does Not Exist ; Today, in the French Socialist Party there is a contradiction between the different levels of organization. The Party is completely dominated by a group logic which, centered around a leader with presidential ambitions, is totally preoccupied with the task of securing his electoral victory. Functionning in osmosis with the highest state administration, the Socialist Party is progressively losing its character as a populist, left-wing party.


As was recently demonstrated1 by using highly efficient fluorescence excitation spcctroscopy with N.A. = 0.98 collection optics, single impurity molecules in both crystals and polymers may now be detected with single-to-noiseratios (SNRs) as high as 30 in a 1 Hz bandwidth at low temperatures. In essence, the solid may be regarded as a trap for the single molecule, which effectively quenches rotation. Our measurements include precise determination of the lifetime limited linewidth and the temperature dependence of the optical dephasing, as well as spectral diffusion (wandering in frequency space due to perturbations by lattice degrees of freedom). For the polymeric host, light-induced changes in resonant frequency of a single molecule can be produced, a process that is normally termed spectral hole-burning when large ensembles of molecules are probed. In recent studies, nonclassical light emission from a single molecule (photon antibunching) has been observed in a fashion analogous to that reported earlier for a single atom in a trap.


Copper, magnesium, manganese and zinc have been studied in stream sediments and soils in five representative areas of arable cropping in southern and eastern England. Results have been assessed on the one hand in relation to the geochemistry of bedrock and soil parent materials, and on the other to crop production. Stream sediment data closely reflected the total concentration of copper, magnesium and zinc in soils and at the same time were proportionately related to "available" levels of copper and magnesium in soils. On the basis of reported problems and field trials, concentrations of less than 7 parts/106 Cu and 600 parts/106 Mg in sediments are likely to delineate areas within which a proportion of soils are deficient in these elements, possibly leading to a reduction in yields in sensitive arable crops. Zinc data for sediments and soils were difficult to evaluate in the absence of recognised deficiencies in field crops in Britain. The marked effect of soil Eh/pH on the mobility of manganese in soils and on its availability to plants limits the use of this technique in predicting deficient areas. The possible importance of marginal soil deficiencies of copper leading to reduced yields in cereals is discussed together with the potential value of regional geochemical maps in delineating areas where such problems may be of economic significance.


Stylistics is a critical approach which analyses literary texts by using methods and findings of the science of linguistics. The present study is a stylistic analysis of The Bull and the She Devil (1958), a short story written by Zaibunnisa Hamidullah, a pioneering Pakistani feminist writer, who made a significant contribution in the early years of Pakistani English literature. The story, taken from her collection of short stories titled The Young Wife and Other Stories (1958), deals with the theme of sexuality in a repressed patriarchal society. The stylistic analysis has been conducted by using the model proposed by Leech and Short (2007) which is divided into four broad categories i.e. Lexical Categories, Grammatical Categories, Figures of Speech, and, Cohesion and Context. The study concludes that the author through her peculiar, simple yet subtle style is able to effectively deal with a taboo subject without being too explicit.


When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This pivotal policies in delaware from desegregation to deregulation can help you to solve the problem. It can be one of the right sources to develop your writing skill.


: Early childhood education is considered the first step to formal education and that it needs a thematic and Science Theme-Based teaching approach to develop learning independence among the kindergarten pupils. The 79 kindergarten teachers were assessed in terms of their knowledge and readiness to implement Science Theme-Based teaching in kindergarten. The gained results revealed a significant difference in the kindergarten teachers' knowledge in terms content and process when they are grouped based on their educational attainment and relevant trainings attended. Moreover, a significant difference is also shown in the teachers' readiness in implementing the Science Theme-Based teaching in terms of instructional design. The content-knowledge of the kindergarten teachers has a significant relationship with the teachers' readiness in terms of instructional design and instructional materials, while the process-knowledge of the kindergarten teachers has a significant relationship with the teachers' readiness in terms of instructional delivery and instructional materials.


The main factors underlying the predominance of some countries on others are being shifted from the economy and military to the energy domain. The infl uence of those controlling the energy fl ows in the world increases as the rich countries become more and more dependent on foreign energy sources. This is why Russia is recovering its role as a world superpower: not due to its military power, but rather to its huge reserves of gas and oil. Some consequences of these force displacements are explored in this work.


Acrylonitrile can be mixed with methyl bromide to increase toxicity so that the quantity of methyl bromide required for control of Sitophillus granarius (L.), Tenebrio molitor L., and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duval is reduced by one half. Mixtures of methyl bromide and acrylonitrile are considerably more effective at low temperatures than methyl bromide alone.


The major extensively recommended treatments for anxiety and insomnia disorders are the benzodiazepines; yet, they have protuberant side effects. Consequently, the progress of new pharmacological agents is well acknowledged and so it is now contemporary to search some safe and effective alternative medicine. The current study is aimed to investigate the CNS effect of the stem bark of Dodonaea viscosa in experimental animal models. Preliminary phyto-chemical screening and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) of the ethyl acetate extract of stem bark of Dodonaea viscosa (EAEDV) were performed. Acute oral toxicity study was performed as per OECD 423 guidelines. The CNS effects were evaluated using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and phenobarbitone induced sleeping time using Diazepam (2 mg/kg) as the standard. Phyto-chemical analysis reflects the presence of flavanoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannins. The TLC studies confirmed that the isolated compound was found to be quercetin. Mortality and sign of any toxicity were not observed up to the dose orally with 2000 mg/kg. For all the statistical tests performed, p<0.05 is considered to be significant. In EPM, 200 mg/kg and 400mg/kg of EAEDV produced significant p< 0.0005, p<0.0001 anti-anxiety effect respectively compared to control group and the activity was similar to that of diazepam. In addition, the extract significantly potentiated the phenobarbitone induced sleeping time.


Global climate change is threatening the structure, function, and health of ecosystems. While factors of climate change have been studied extensively over the past few decades, most research has focused on the response of single organisms or populations; as our ecosystems are comprised of complex interactions and relationships, it is of critical importance to understand how entire communities are going to be impacted by climate change. Ocean acidification (a by-product of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, CO2), and nutrient loading are two major forces of global change that are projected to have detrimental impacts on coastal marine species and ecosystems. Most work on ocean acidification has focused on the response of calcifying organisms, where the changes in ocean chemistry associated with acidification enhance shell dissolution and impair growth. However, while calcifying species are expected to exhibit negative responses to acidification, primary producers, like macroalgae, are expected to flourish. Both ocean acidification and nutrient loading can stimulate the growth and productivity of opportunistic, fast-growing, ephemeral macroalgae at the expense of foundational species such as corals, seagrasses, and long-lived, perennial macroalgae (i.e. kelps). As a result, these ecosystems will likely undergo major shifts in structure, function, and diversity. Few studies have investigated the interactive effects of ocean acidification and nutrient loading, particularly in terms of community response and trophic interactions. Despite increasing the growth rates of macroalgae, the presence and diversity of herbivores within an ecosystem has the potential to control this


The prognosis for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults and children has improved since its formal acceptance as a clinical entity in 1967. Because acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is the hallmark of acute lung injury and ARDS, the management of oxygenation is crucial. Physicians managing pediatric patients with acute lung injury or ARDS are faced with a complex array of options influencing oxygenation. Certain treatment strategies can influence clinical outcomes, such as a lung‐protective ventilation strategy that specifies a low tidal volume (6 mL/kg) and a plateau pressure limit (30 cm H2O) (Acute Respiratory Distress Network, N Engl J Med 2000 ;342:1301–1308). Other lung‐protective strategies such as different levels of positive end‐expiratory pressure, altered inspiratory:expiratory ratios, recruitment maneuvers, prone positioning, and extraneous gases or drugs may impact clinical outcomes but require further clinical study.


Zinc oxide thin films of different thicknesses ranging from 100 to 300 nm were prepared on polyethylene terephthalate substrates with thermal evaporation in a vacuum of approximately Torr. X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the proper phase formation of the material. From atomic force microscopy (AFM) images, it was found that the root mean square roughness of the film surface increased as the film thickness increased. The optical properties of ZnO on PET substrates were determined through the optical transmission method using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The optical band gap values of ZnO thin films slightly decreased as the film thickness increased.