This study surveys 256 adolescents aged 13-15 to understand firstborn children's psychological security and attitudes to their parents having a second child and further explore the correlation between such security and such attitudes under China's newly implemented two-child policy. The survey is conducted with the aid of two scales: Psychological Security Scale made by Cong Zhong and An Lijuan and self-made Questionnaire on Attitudes to Parents Having a Second Child. The data of the questionnaires are recorded in Excel sheets and analyzed with SPSS 20.0 through descriptive statistical analysis, variance analysis, rank correlation analysis and other statistical approaches. The results reveal a positive correlation between psychological security and attitudes to parents having a second child for firstborn children in their adolescence, where there are significant differences in age. It is finally suggested that the school should establish a psychological counseling room, a psychological vent room and an online parents-school contact platform, and employ a certain number of psychological counseling teachers. In this way, students can find a place to vent when in a bad mood, while the school can guide students to a higher level of psychological security by having them correctly face stressful life events and reduce anxiety, panic and other negative feelings. In addition, parents are advised to take their firstborn into account in their plan of having a second child. They should communicate more with their firstborn, allow for their inner feelings and prevent the thought that a second child will take away parental love. 1 Definition of Psychological Security American humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow defined psychological security as a feeling that consists of confidence, security and freedom detached from fear and anxiety and that particularly meets a person's various needs at present (and in the future). Maslow also drew upon his clinical practice and designed Security-Insecurity Inventory (S-I Inventory). Through an analysis of previous studies and empirical interviews with neurotic patients and normal people, Chinese scholars Cong Zhong and An Lijuan have given such a definition: A sense of security is a presentiment of risk that may occur to the body or mind as well as a feeling of power (or powerlessness) in response to such risk, which manifests itself as a kind of certainty and control. They have also designed a security scale for detection of neurosis as well as for testing and assessment of security in normal people. In this study, psychological security is defined as a sense of security, control and self-confidence that occurs to an individual in the presence of an objective thing or situation. It also involves a feeling of emotional, interpersonal satisfaction, stability and belonging. 2 Research Purpose and Significance Among all the issues confronting those aged 13-15 in today's China, personal safety is no longer World Conference on Management Science and Human Social Development (MSHSD 2017) Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 120


The purpose of this study was to explore low-income, African-American first-grade students' understandings of teacher closeness and influence. Several questions guided our inquiry: How do these children understand their rela tionships with their teachers, specifically with regard to teacher closeness and influence? To what extent are their un derstandings of these concepts malleable? How might their feelings of closeness and influence relate to their motiva tion to engage in mathematics activities? Qualitative data for this project includes a sample of 27 interviews (16 boys, 11 girls). Findings are organized into a working model and describe the ways in which children's conceptions of close ness and influence were embedded in their understandings and perceptions of equity in the classroom.


This paper discusses a method for implementing a closed room monitoring system. It forms the basics of a home/building security system. The research focuses on the controller design, the devices used and visual interface seen from the Personal Computer (PC). In addition, the system incorporates a data-logging feature of the sensors used. This is useful, because it involves memory card storage. Even if the system is off-line from the PC, the state of the sensors can still be monitored via memory card.


For the first time, the principle of separation of neutral polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) through the addition of cyclodextrin mixtures to the CE buffer phase was illustrated. Two neutral forms, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin, and two negatively charged forms, carboxymethyl-β-cyclodexin and sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin, were used to demonstrate the principle of separation based on differential partitioning of analytes between the cyclodextrins. Methods were developed for separation of a mixture of PAHs, containing phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[e]pylene, using various concentration ratios of the neutral and charged cyclodextrins. The cyclodextin mixtures provided much better separation of PAH isomers, including benzo[a]pylene and benzo[e]pyrene, than has been reported previously using CE. In addition, there was significantly reduced sensitivity to operating parameters such as temperature and applied potential compared with CE methods using micelles. Experimental analysis indicated that sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin associated more strongly with the PAHs than carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin.


This paper presents a multi-channel light-emitting diode (LED) driver with CLL resonant converter. A CLL resonant converter is used in the primary side of the transformer to drive LEDs. On the secondary side of the transformer, current balance is realized with the balance capacitors, based on the charge balance principle. No additional magnetic components are used. With CLL resonant converter, zero voltage switching (ZVS) turning-on of the switches on the primary side and zero current switching (ZCS) turning-off of the diodes on the secondary side are simultaneously achieved. The voltage and current characteristics of the CLL resonant converter with balance capacitors are analyzed. Parameters of the elements in the circuit are designed. A prototype of 168W four-channel LED driver is built up. The experiment results prove that each LED has good performance of current balancing.


We demonstrate second harmonic generation in a periodically poled X-cut lithium niobate microresonator with total efficiency greater than 12% and output power greater than 1 mW.


The paper will first give a simple description of philosophical basis of iconicity and its present research both at home and abroad. As we know, the structuralism adheres to the principle that language can be analyzed internally, and meanings come from the internal structure of language via paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations. TG grammar is based on the Descartes?philosophy (mainly nativism and dualism), and formalist approach, proposing the internalist semantic theory. Both theories lay their emphasis on the internal approach, neglecting the analysis of meaning through the external world and cognitive process. Thus both theories think that language is arbitrary. While cognitive linguistics sticks to the principle of embodied philosophy, which thinks that language is formed on the basis of our bodily experience and cognitive process, so language will eventually be closely related to the external world, and iconic with experiential structure and conceptual frame. Iconicity will be an unavoidable part in the framework of cognitive linguistics. This paper tries to offer some basic ideas in this respect, and then introduces to and comments on Simone抯 pragmatic analysis of diagrammatic utterances. The author thinks that his classification is not very reasonable, but his paper has made us take into consideration the pragmatic analysis of iconicity principles. Up to now, we have got about six iconicity principles, such as the iconicity of quantity, distance, markedness, etc. The author thinks that iconicity principles have a lot of connections with pragmatic principles proposed by many pragmaticians, such as Grice, Horn, Levinson, Sperber Wilson, etc. Some comparison and contrast will be made between some principles of iconicity and pragmatics, for example: (1) The principle of quantity. Both the iconicity theory and the pragmatics theory explain the relationship between the quantity of linguistic symbols and the meaning they convey. Some examples used by Grice, Horn and Levinson for the explanation of this relationship can also be explained by the iconicity of quantity, but some can抰, so we have to apply other principles of iconicity. (2) The principle of sequence. Both theories use this principle to explain many linguistic expressions, and this is the basis of the iconic analysis of diagrammatic utterance by Simone. But we have to notice that different languages have different situations. (3) The principle of markedness. It is one of the most important ideas in both Horn抯 and Levinson抯 theories, and it is also of more powerful explanation than the iconicity of quantity and sequence. The author thinks that the pragmatic analysis in the framework of iconicity theory generally follows this order: the iconicity of quantity, the iconicity of sequence, and the iconicity of markedness.


This paper prepared for presentation at the Southwestern Social Science Association Annual Convention, March 28‐31, 1990. The purpose of this article is to explore the development and production of a college‐level telecourse in United States government and make preliminary evaluation of its validity. Currently used in eighty‐seven colleges, it is anticipated that more than 300 colleges and universities will utilize this telecourse by January 1991.


A Doherty Power Amplifier (PA) with high efficiency and high linearity that can be used in smart communication devices such as mobile phones in the sub-6GHz frequency band is proposed. This Doherty PA uses the InGaP/GaAs hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) process. Compared with the traditional Doherty PA, the PA in this paper combines the choke inductance of the output collector and the phase compensation circuit with the output circuit of the Doherty PA respectively, which reduces the number of components required for matching. From the simulation, when the power supply voltage of the Doherty power amplifier is 4.2V, the operating frequency is 3.5GHz and the output power is 26.5dBm, the power added efficiency (PAE) reaches 34.5%, at the same time when using a 10MHz bandwidth LTE-3GPPFDD modulated signal the Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR) below to -35dBc.


Methyl ethyl ketone peroxid (MEKP) is a major accelerator for the curing of unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resin,which consists of several peroxides in structure. Two kind of peroxides and hydrogen peroxide in MEKP greatly affect the gel and cure in polyester and vinyl ester resin.


The effect of removing corn at different dates on corn rootworm populations was evaluated for 2 years at Yankton, South Dakota. Early cutting caused some mortality and resulted in wide dispersal of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgitera LeConte, and the northern corn rootworm, D. longicornis . (Say). Fall counts of eggs were not reliable indicators of the amount of damage the following summer. Yield was not a good indicator of larval populations because of other influencing factors such as fertility or rainfall. The 2 most effective methods of estimating populations of corn rootwromproved to be counts of larvae and larval damage, when corn was removed before Sept. 1, popubtions of corn rootwrom the next year were below economic proportions. Thus, farmers who cut their corn before Sept. 1 could expect little damage from corn rootworms the following year and might not have to apply insecticides.


The emergence of group structure of cooperative relations is studied in an agent-based model. It is proved that specific types of reciprocity norms lead individuals to split into two groups only inside of which they are cooperative. The condition for the evolutionary stability of the norms is also obtained. This result suggests reciprocity norms, which usually promote cooperation, can cause society's separation into multiple groups.


This paper presents a hand cranked generator or an exercise bicycle to generate small amount of energy which is effectively stored in a supercapacitor Bank. Supercapacitors can absorb and deliver huge bursts of power in a short span of time owing to its low ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance).If more charging current is given to the battery it may lead to excessive heating and decreases the life of the battery but the charging current limit of supercapacitors is very high. Thus it can be charged rapidly which is a very useful feature for energy harvesting applications. The energy generated by hand cranking or coupling the generator with an exercise bicycle rapidly charges the supercapacitor bank via a current limiter. The supercapacitor Bank can then be effectively discharged using a low voltage boost converter to store the energy in a battery or to power small devices. This way the energy generated by the exercise bicycle which is an ambient source of energy can be effectively utilized which would have otherwise gone wasted. Keywords - Energy Harvesting; energy storage, charge balancing, supercapacitors, DC-DC converters.


The therapeutic method of defensive,qi,nutrient and blood phases in Treatise on Epidemic Febrile Diseases is the signif icant achievement of YE Tian-shi in the process of studying febrile disease.Among the total,the syndrome of defensive phase should be treated on basis of syndrome differentiation,if only using diaphoresis without syndrome differentiation will result in damaged yin and replenished pathogen and deteriorated syndrome.It has important theoretical and clinical meaning to know law and characteristics of febrile disease in lung-wei phase by understanding'applying diaphoresis to treat syndrome of defensive phase'.


It is known that a recursive least-square (RLS) algorithm with UD factorization equivalent to the (standard) RLS algorithm can be realized by using the systolic array proposed by Kung. In general, in constructing a special hardware, the wordlength of a processor is related to the arithmetic processing speed and the area of the hardware. Therefore, an important subject is how to shorten the wordlength of processors used in the systolic array executing the RLS method with UD factorization.

The authors have already carried out an operational error analysis in finite wordlength floating-point arithmetic and described that this algorithm can be executed with short arithmetic wordlength. If the algorithm can be executed with short arithmetic wordlength also in the fixed-point arithmetic, then we can expect improved operational processing speed and simpler hardware structure compared to the special hardware of the floating-point arithmetic mode.

Thus, this paper describes an RLS method by finite wordlength fixed-point arithmetic with UD factorization and evaluates the operational error. Then the evaluation of convergence values and number of updates of the algorithm are shown analytically. Finally, the appropriateness of theoretical analysis results of convergence values and the number of updates are confirmed by computer simulations.


ABSTRACT This paper examines how high levels of eviction and displacement of the urban poor have arisen due to the financialization of land in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Focusing on the Meradia neighborhood of Dhaka, it employs a historical materialist framework to explore the ramifications of the financialization of land and resulting land grabbing. It is argued that the historical transformation of land into fictitious capital in Dhaka has led to heightened displacements and evictions of the urban poor, which have occurred largely through processes of land grabbing by land and real estate development corporations in Bangladesh. Further, it is argued that the municipal and national states play key roles in the displacement of the working poor in Dhaka by facilitating private land development, failing to enforce existing rules on land grabbing, and by having a paucity of urban housing policies and plans for the urban poor.


Abstract The glucose concentration in diluted whole blood has been measured, using a miniaturized thermal biosensor based on the enzyme thermistor principle. The biosensor is a small flow injection system. A sample volume of 20μl is injected into a flow of 50μl/min. The heat produced when the sample passes the enzyme column is measured with a thermistor connected to a Wheatstone bridge. The enzyme column contains glucose oxidase and catalase co-immobilized on a solid support material. Samples of whole blood usually cause problems in flow-systems. The blood cells tend to block the enzyme column and the back pressure increases. We have tested a superporous agarose material as enzyme support material using tenfold diluted samples of whole human blood. The blood was collected from the finger-tip and diluted with buffer containing an anticoagulant and sodium fluoride. The number of samples possible to inject and the accuracy compared to the Boehringer Mannheim Reflolux have been determined. At least 100 ten-fo...


Much work has been done in recognizing the semantics of sentences as well as semantic relationships between sentences. We applied some of these previous approaches to the space of question similarity. Our task was to create a classifier that given a pair of questions, attempted to predict whether or not the questions were asking the same question. Of the four models we attempted (bag of words, LSTM with distance and angle, LSTM with normal attention, and LSTM with word-byword attention), the model that performed the best was LSTM with distance and angle, achieving a test accuracy of 84.7 percent. Word-by-word attention also outperformed normal attention by almost 1 percent.


The article briefly describes the essence of the crisis of modern economic theory, highlights thegoals and objectives of economics and the necessity to revise them.


In recent years, hydrothermal synthesis technology for tetragonal barium titanate has become an attractive subject of research. In the paper ,problems of tetragonal barium titanate powder synthesis by hydrothermal method mainly were reviewed and discussed. The mechanism of phase transformation between tetragonal and cubic phase is not yet fully understood. Critical size of phase transformation has yet to be confirmed. Characterization of tetragonal barium titanate and measurement of its content calls for more advanced testing equipment.


Objective: Excisional lymph node biopsies are usually conducted in a minor procedure room under local anesthesia, and in some cases, they can also be carried out in an operating room under general anesthesia. Our study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy, pathological results, and necessity for biopsy repetition of excisional lymph node biopsies performed in both the minor procedure room and the operating room. Materials and Methods: This study provides a retrospective analysis encompassing 60 patients who underwent excisional lymph node biopsy procedures. Within the ambit of this investigation, a comparative analysis is conducted on the outcomes of lymph node excision procedures, differentiating those carried out in the minor procedure room from those executed in the operating room. Results: Out of 47 excisional lymph node biopsy samples conducted in the minor procedure room, 45 had a diagnostic feature, while among the 13 excisional lymph node biopsy samples performed in the operating room conditions, 12 had a diagnostic feature. The entirety of samples obtained in the operating room concurred with pathology reports, and 88.9% of the samples taken in the minor procedure room demonstrated congruence between pathology report outcomes and clinical findings. In two cases where a definitive diagnosis could not be established, repeat biopsies were administered; however, alterations in the final biopsy results were observed in only one of these patients. Conclusion: Considering factors like cost and the achievement of similar outcomes in both methods, we believe that conducting excisional lymph node biopsies in the setting of a minor procedure room is a preferable option.


This paper presents a comprehensive review of geometric constraint solving in parametric computer-aided design (CAD), with the major focus on its advances in the last 15 years. Geometric constraint solving can date back to the very first CAD prototype, Sketchpad, in the 1960s, but serious research studies were carried out only after parametric CAD was introduced in the late 1980s. In the following 30-year history of GCS research, two development stages may be identified: (1) the first 15 years (late 1980s - mid 2000s) were primarily devoted to geometric constraint decomposition for well-constrained systems or those with only structural constraint dependencies; and (2) the second 15 years (late 2000s - now) have seen research efforts shifted towards classification criteria and decomposition algorithms for general constraint systems (with and without non-structural constraint dependencies). Most existing reviews focused on the first 15 years. The problem researched in the second 15 years is, however, equally important, considering that a manually specified constraint system usually contains under- and over-constrained parts, and that such parts must be correctly detected and resolved before numerical solving can work. In this regard, this review paper covers both stages and will discusses what has already been made possible for handling general constraint systems, what developments can be expected in the near future, and which areas remain problematic.


In Machine Learning and Data Mining, most of the works in classification problems deal with flat classification, where each instance is classified in one of a set of possible classes and there is no hierarchical relationship between the classes. There are, however, more complex classification problems where the classes to be predicted are hierarchically related. This chapter presents a tutorial on the hierarchical classification techniques found in the literature. We also discuss how hierarchical classification techniques have been applied to the area of Bioinformatics (particularly the prediction of protein function), where hierarchical classification problems are often found. INTRODUCTION Classification is one of the most important problems in Machine Learning (ML) and Data Mining (DM). In general, a classification problem can be formally defined as: Given a set of training examples composed of pairs {xi, yi}, find a function f(x) that maps each xi to its associated class yi, i = 1, 2, ..., n, where n is the total number of training examples. After training, the predictive accuracy of the classification function induced is evaluated by using it to classify a set of unlabeled examples, unseen during training. This evaluation measures the generalization ability (predictive accuracy) of the classification function induced. The vast majority of classification problems addressed in the literature involves flat classification, where each example is assigned to a class out of a finite (and usually small) set of classes. By contrast, in hierarchical classification problems, the classes are disposed in a hierarchical structure, such as a tree or a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG). In these structures, the nodes represent classes. Figure 1 illustrates the difference between flat and hierarchical classification problems. To keep the example simple, Figure 1(b) shows a tree-structured class hierarchy. The more complex case of DAG-structured class hierarchies will be discussed later. In Figure 1, each node – except the root nodes – is labeled with the number of a class. In Figure 1(b), class 1 is divided into two sub-classes, 1.1 and 1.2, and class 3 is divided into three sub-classes. The root nodes are labeled "any class", to denote the case where the class of an example is unknown. Figure 1 clearly shows that flat classification problems are actually a particular case of hierarchical classification problems where there is a single level of classes, i.e., where no class is divided into sub-classes.


To fully exploit the capability of vertical head sensors, it is necessary to increase the gap immediately after the front contact region located at the air bearing surface. Because of fringing of the flux as it leaves the sensor and passes to the shields, the effective gap is less than the physical gap. An analysis has been performed using an electrical, SPICE, analog model for the field equations to determine the relationship between the change in the physical gap and the effective gap in terms of the signal decay along the sensor [A. V. Pohm, R. S. Beech, J. M. Anderson, and W. C. Black, IEEE Trans. Magn. 33, 2392 (1997)]. Three enlarged half gaps were considered: one with an abrupt increase, one with a slope of two, and one with a slope of one. The analysis considered mostly back gaps which were ten times larger than the front gaps, going from 0.1 to 1.0 μm, for example. The results show an abrupt step yields an effective slope of 0.9 and a physical step with a slope of 1 yields an effective slope of 0...


The paper reveals the relevance of the use of adhesive polymer materials for the restoration of cars and machinery. Prerequisites for creation of universal polyurethane adhesive compositions of new generation for restoration of cars with the improved adhesive, physical-technical and operational properties which possess high


We investigated the effect of fluorination on friction forces between polymer brushes in the dry state by means of an all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. An all-fluorinated brush produced less friction force than a non-fluorinated brush. In addition, a brush in which only the six monomers at the tips of the polymers were fluorinated produced a friction force comparable with that produced by the all-fluorinated brush. Fluorination was found to reduce the friction force by reducing entanglement between the brushes.


Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) is widely used in civil engineering,but there are few field applications in concrete(structures).It mainly dues to the complex rebar groups in the concretes.This rebar groups make the radargrams hard to be recognized.In order to find the radargram features of this rebar groups,we stepped into the test studies of the rebar interactions and we got some(instructional) conclusions.


Proximity X-ray lithography using synchrotron orbital radiation (SR) is potentially able to replicate patterns with a width of less than 0.2 µ m. We developed a die-by-die alignment basis SR stepper, which is equipped with air-lubricated lead screws for the XY stage and an optical heterodyne alignment system. An overlay repeatability of 23 nm (3σ) is obtained with only X and Y alignment when evaluated by the double exposure method. In practice, the mix-and-match scheme between the SR and optical exposures is important for reducing the cost of lithography. In the mix-and-match exposure between the SR and optical steppers, an overlay repeatability of 45 nm (3σ) is achieved with the X, Y, and θ alignment mode of the SR stepper. Analysis of the error factors in this overlay exposure experiment showed that the optically printed patterns have chip shape distortions causing overlay error of about 35 nm (3σ).


There are some typical Chinese features in the process of the mass higher education in China, being of not only difficulties but the advanced speed. During the process of the mass higher education, Chinese government has been the leader, and Chinese people are the enthusiastic supporters. Due to the difficult process, it is very hard to go on with sustainable development. There is of obvious trial and blindness without enough pedagogy theories to instruct this process.


The work discussed is intended to establish the feasibility of using acoustic emission (AE) to detect and evaluate growing flaws in nuclear reactor pressure boundaries. Basic AE identification and interpretation methods have grown out of Phase 1. Phases 2 and 3 to test and demonstrate developed methodology on a vessel test and on a reactor are in progress.


Dementia has become a public health issue which has a negative stereotype. Some of the language used on websites to describe of people with dementia is discriminatory, such as "victims" or "sufferers", among others. Dementia needs to be understood and those who have it have the right to choose own their direction and life style. The Advergame is an interactive tool to communicate with target audiences, and it is best as an awareness platform (Gross 2010 p.1259), particularly on social networks. Raising awareness of dementia by using social network games involves playing the game via social networks. Social network games is to play the digital game via the social network (Warren, Sulaiman and Jaafar, 2014, p.285). It is a way to interact with friends, establish relationship, engage in teamwork, or compete. Therefore, the interactive advertising game has been created as an enjoyable experience which as an enjoyable experience which could increase learning, exploratory and participatory behaviours. The game for dementia carers is to give carers a platform from which to understand dementia, increase their knowledge, and reduce their stress. Communication is the most important part in different areas; this can be individual or in a team. Communication within game teams can develop the game to better understand players' needs.


By field investigation of key cultivation techniques and diseases and pests in the growing process of Changting fragrant taro at Shaxian, the main cultivation techniques and integrated control measure of diseases and pests were analyzed and summarized.


Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection has been applied to measure the rotational distribution of the N+2 ion produced by double resonant multiphoton ionization of the N2 molecule. By analysis of the LIF spectra of the generated N+2 ion, the rotational propensity rules of the photoionization of N2 have been determined, which agree with theoretical prediction. The observed rotational intensity distribution shows relatively good agreement with the calculated result. Rotational relaxation of the N+2 ions by N2 collision has also been measured. The rotational relaxation rate constant is almost equal to that of the vibrational relaxation and the selection rule ''symmetric'' (+)↔''symmetric''(+) has been found to be obeyed.


The switching properties of coupled nanophotonic waveguides under the influence of a loss-induced exceptional point are analytically and numerically investigated. The specific requirements for switching/routing functionality are determined, and an analytically predicted lower boundary for the insertion losses is established. These passive Parity-Time-Symmetric dynamics are substantiated in a silicon photonic coupler through the use of graphene layers. Graphene's chemical potential is properly tuned, in accordance with the exceptional point requirements, for the electro-optic control of its surface conductivity. All analytically derived findings are numerically verified enabling linear, low-loss, and high-extinction-ratio switching elements. Finally, a polarization-dependent photonic switch is proposed based on both exceptional points and graphene's anisotropic surface conductivity.


Affiliation: 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Salus Pueri, Padua, Italy. 2Unit of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy. 3Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.


FISCAL ADMINISTRATION is divided into three parts: budgeting, revenue, and debt administration/fund management. This text includes an introductory chapter on fundamental principles. The two sections of budgeting and revenue are entirely self-contained and can be taught in order of preference.


A new interferometric method for optical testing has been developed. The test arrangement is similar to that of the Hartmann method using a screen with a rectangular grid of holes. The detection takes place close to the focus where the Hartmann images are partly overlapping and interfering. The positions of the interference maxima contain information on the wavefront errors of the optical system. As the size of the interference maxima is considerably smaller than the size of the Hartmann images obtained with the same screen, the accuracy of the position measurements is respectively better. Also much smaller hole spacing can be used. An application of the method could be wavefront error sensing in active optical systems. A CCD camera could ideally be used as detector for the measurement of the wavefront errors and for generating the error signals to the active optical system.


A trend among industrial companies is to change business strategies from hardware-oriented to more service-oriented solutions, e.g. functional product business models. In this paper, a mobility function scenario is developed and the objective is to derive a simulation-driven methodology for development of sustainable mobility functions. It can be concluded that mobility function solutions may create incitements for sustainability. When developing mobility functions, a lot of new requirements, brought about by increased product complexity, need to be managed by the simulation methodology. However, the proposed simulation strategy can be used to drive mobility function development. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the International Scientific Committee of the "2 nd International Through-life Engineering Services Conference" and the Programme Chair – Ashutosh Tiwari.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the FES-gait with augmented feedback training to the FES alone on the gait and functional performance in individuals with chronic stroke. Methods: This study used a pretest and posttest randomized control design. The subjects who signe...


Abstract This review will concentrate on new theoretical methods for solving the quantum dynamics of molecular systems. The approach will be that of solving the time dependent Schrodinger equation, and extracting from it the measurable quantities of experimental interest. Applications to the modelling of molecular photodissociation processes and to the theory of reactive molecular collisions will be discussed.


We investigate the effect of CaO/SiO2 (molar ratio) and B2O3 content on the structure and sintering contraction behaviors of Calcium borosilicate (CaO–B2O3–SiO2, CBS) glass-ceramic through the dilatometer and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results show that the sintering-shrinkage of CBS glass-ceramics is promoted dramatically with the increase of CaO/SiO2 to 1.14, and then keeps nearly constant as the CaO/SiO2 further increases. This phenomenon is correlated with the degree of polymerization (DOP) of the Si–O network structure modulated by the CaO/SiO2, additionally, two sintering shrinkage peaks, corresponding to two-step depolymerization, are detected in the sintering-shrinkage curves of the CBS glass-ceramic as the B2O3 content is elevated to 13.6 mol%. Meanwhile, the shrinking rate of CBS glass-ceramics is increased from 8 × 10[Formula: see text] to 37 × 10[Formula: see text] min[Formula: see text] and the softening point is decreased from 736[Formula: see text]C to 691[Formula: see text]C with the increase of B2O3 content from 6.8 to 20.8 mol⋅%. This is due to the introduction of BO3 trihedral into Si–O–Si three-dimensional structure, which greatly reduces the uniformity and symmetry of the networks, inducing the decrease of the strength for the whole Si–O–Si network structures. The results obtained in this paper reveal the relationship between the glass structure and sintering behavior of the CBS glass-ceramic, which gives an avenue to improve its physical properties.


Objective:To assess the emergency procedure and effect on combined hemostatic measures for carcinoma of uterine cervix with mass bleeding.Methods:Seventy-three cases with a massive colporrihagia were admitted from Jan. 1996 to Dec.2003.Amount of bleeding was over 300ml in 24h and beyond 200ml in a single bleeding.Treatment given included drugs,local compression,radiotherapy according to the individual difference.Results:Among 73 cases,in 29 ceases the bleeding was ceased by two-steps combined hemostasis, accounted for 39.73%;in 16 cases,the bleeding was ceased by three-steps hemostasis,for 21.92%;in 16 cases, the bleeding was diminished by the two-steps, for 21.92%;and in 9 cases,it was diminished by the three-steps,for 12.33%.Conclusion:The three hemostatic measures might be applied at one time to those emergency patients with carcinoma of uterine cervix,or chosen individualiged,or alternatively used. The effect of hemostasis could be clearly strengthened by the interaction. It is very to investigate the efficiency of combined measures of hemostasis for emergency patients.


An improved adaptive simulated annealing(SA)algorithm,which combined with the feasibility based rule and direct search simulated annealing,was proposed to optimize the frequency characteristics of composite laminates.The optimization goals of laminates are fundamental frequency,frequency band gap and laminate thickness of band gap constraint.The discrete design variables include fiber orientation angles and the layer number.A new point generation mechanism with the dynamic variation search radius improves the drawback of the direction simulated annealing(DSA)algorithm easy to fall into local minima.Introducing the feasibility based rule into SA enhances the efficiency and simplicity of solving constrained problem.Accounting for bending-twisting coupling effects,the Ritz method was employed to calculate the laminate frequency response.Three types of examples of design symmetrically composite laminates with various layer numbers,angle increment and aspect ratios were conducted.Numerical results indicate that the present improved simulated annealing algorithm can effectively solve laminates frequency optimization and provide with more or better global optimum solutions for the stacking sequence.


The history of the computer time-sharing industry is one of the unwritten chapters in the overall history of computing. In this article, we show that the time-sharing industry constituted a major sector of the computer services industry until the early 1980s, when time-sharing was made obsolescent by the personal computer.


[Extract] Learning from the reality of disasters that have been experienced or which have been learned vicariously from the experience of other people and communities, empowers people to reduce their vulnerability and to enhance their resilience in the face of catastrophe. Unfortunately the process of learning is neither as obvious nor as commonsense as the drama and tragedy of an unfolding disaster demands. Lessons are not fully learned, the missing details may become fatal flaws in people's understanding of events, and reconstruction of events from the perspectives of participants, observers and analysts are necessarily piecemeal, driven by drama, economy and politics, un-contextualised and unique. Learning from past disasters is not a simple or obvious process. This chapter begins with reflections on perception; scale; emphasis; and place, in order to understand some of the diversity of disaster learning experiences. Examples of lessons learned from local,
regional and distant disasters provide a review in order to identify issues, commonalities (within unique events) and those mitigative actions that may reduce each person's and each community's vulnerability to a range of hazards, and simultaneously enhance their resilience before, during and after a catastrophic event.


he aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign and rare lesion in maxillary bones, is more frequent in largo bones of skeletal and spinal column. Some authors speculate about that its origin be traumatic, malformation of neoplasm. The radiographic appearance may to show from a diffuse image up to a well defined image very similar to the other maxillary lesions turning wide the differential diagnosis. With destruction of the bon cortex it is possible to create a reaction image of periosteum in sunbeams characteristic of malignant lesion. This is the case of a female patient aged 17 seeking help in the Bucco-maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the Sao Vicente de Paulo Hospital RS, presenting with pain and an increased mandibular volume. She manifested that around one year she began to feel a discomfort next to he right mandibular angle, which was progressively increasing the volume. The radiographic appearance resembled a malignant lesion. After the histopathology verification of ABC, treatment choosed for this case was of type conservative surgical with bone cavity curettage and was maintained under systemic postoperative control for 6 and 18 months. In the taken panoramic radiographies is verified the bone neoformation and the cure of case.


education, etc., concentrate, more than is to be expected, on main-line Presbyterianism. The two chapters on developments in the 19th and 20th centuries are almost exclusively devoted to the Northern Presbyterian Church. For example, there is reference to "the Presbyterian General Assembly" (p. 252) as if there were only one at the time of the First World War. And the only reference in the index to any U. S. Presbyterian in the 19th and 20th centuries is to Thomas Smyth, who is quoted on Presbyterian loyalty in the Revolutionary War.


Submitted to the University of Gezira in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Sciences in Medical Laboratory Sciences, in, Clinical Chemistry,Department of Clinical Chemistry,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, 2018


This study investigates the spending behaviours of Taiwanese outbound tourists travelling to Japan and Korea and explores the differences between various airline users. Raw data analysis demonstrates that the budget allocation strategy of tourists using full-service carriers (FSCs) is quite different from that of tourists using low-cost carriers (LCCs). More specifically, the users of low-cost carriers have purchase power at local destinations, which is not weaker than that of the users of full-service carriers. The seemingly unrelated regressions model was further employed. The model results suggest that the impacts of trip characteristics and personal sociodemographic characteristics on various levels of travel expenditures are varied between FSC and LCC users. Moreover, tourists' consumption behaviours at destinations are partially subject to their prepaid expenditures. Finally, according to the results, managerial implications for the aviation and tourism industries are discussed.


In this paper, an approach is proposed for optimal allocation of series FACTS devices to minimize generation cost and maximize the power system loadability. The series compensation FACTS devices are connected in series with network and acts as under controlled voltage source. In this paper, an Improved Moth Flame Optimization (IMFO) is merged with Continuation Power Flow (CPF) and incorporated with both of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) and Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) to solve the intended optimization problem. Multi objective function is proposed in this work comprised of minimization of generation cost, maximization of loadability, enhancement of voltage profile and reduction of power system losses. The proposed approach is examined on IEEE-30 bus test system. The obtained results by IMFO are compared to MFO and Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO). Simulation results reveal the efficiency and robustness of the proposed approach


This article deals with possible instances of PIE nomina instrumenti in *‑tro‑ and *‑dhro‑ reflected in Common Slavic and Balto Slavic, with special regard to the possibility of interpreting CSl. *odrъ 'wooden construction' and *bedro 'waist < belt' as derivatives formed with the suffix *‑dhro from PIE *bher‑ 'to carry, bear' and *h2er‑ 'to fit together'. respectively, with regressive dissimilation of the root r in either case.


The education system of non-main classroom mainly includes two contents: one is used to thought-oriental, another to ability-deepened. It is a ordered entitative system, and have seven characteristies, such as unity, functionality, relativity, leveliblity, adaptability, openity and development etc.


impact on the concept of bibliography in general // Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Conceptions of the Library and Information Sciences / Aparac, Tatjana ; Saracevic, Tefko ; Ingwersen, P. ; Vakkari, P. (ur.).Zagreb, Lokve : Zavod za informacijske studije Odsjeka za informacijske znanosti, 1999. 344-349 __________________________________________________________________________________________________


The utility model discloses a cooling device for a biomass pyrolyzate, which comprises a cooling device body, wherein the cooling device body comprises a cooling bin filled with a cooling liquid, and a feed bin and a gas storage bin are arranged above the cooling bin; a flow distributing bin is arranged below the cooling bin, and a first partition plate is arranged between the feed bin and the gas storage bin; a second partition plate is arranged between the bottoms of the feed bin and the gas storage bin and the cooling bin, and a third partition plate is arranged between the top of the flow distributing bin and the cooling bin; a first duct and a second duct which penetrate through the cooling bin are arranged between the second partition plate and the third partition plate, and the feed bin is communicated with the flow distributing bin through the first duct; the gas storage bin is communicated with the flow distributing bin through the second duct, and a feed outlet is arranged at the outer side of the feed bin; a cooling liquid inlet is arranged on the cooling bin at the same side of the feed outlet, and a cooling liquid outlet is arranged at the other side of the cooling bin; and a gas outlet is arranged at the outer side of the gas storage bin, and a recovery liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cooling bin. The cooling device can improve the cooling efficiency of biomass pyrolysis gas.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mixer circuit capable of attaining a contrivance of a low consumed current while improving a conversion gain and a noise characteristic. SOLUTION: The mixer circuit 100 includes: a p-type first MOS transistor 1 connected to a power supply level VCC and whose gate receives a first bias voltage bias1 and a first wireless frequency signal RF+; an n-type second MOS transistor 2 connected between the first MOS transistor 1 and a ground level and whose gate receives a second bias voltage bias2 and the first wireless frequency signal RF+; an n-type third MOS transistor 3 connected between a first connection point 101 and the power supply level in parallel with the first MOS transistor 1 and whose gate receives a third bias voltage bias3 and a first local oscillation signal LO+; and a first output terminal 102 for outputting a first intermediate frequency signal OUT+. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT


Evaluation of the immunological properties and safety of 99m Tc-C 50 CEA McAb labelled by 2-IT was reported. C 50 was modulated chemically by 2-IT and labelled by 99m Tc with stannous reduction. The immunological activity, stability and safety were studied, and radioimmunoimaging were performed in human colon tumor bearing mice. The results showed that the immunological activity, the best labelling rate of chromatography and colloid inclusion were 40.2%-73.2%, 94.1% and 3.8% respectively, and radiochemicl purity maintained over 90% within 12h after labelling. Labelling products was pyogen free and no toxicity was found. Radioactivity was highly accumalated at tumor site of 6h after injection human colon tumor bearing nude mice, T/NT ratio was 3.46-4.68 at 24h after 99m Tc-C 50 injection. All the findings suggested that preconditioning with 2-IT to C 50 can improve labelling of 99m Tc,and minimize the injury of protein. The labelling method is simple and safe, and can be effectively used for clinical study.


The fault diagnosis method for rolling bearing's inner race or outer race fails to diagnose rolling element fault.Making use of time-domain statistical parameters(effective value,kurtosis,pulse factor and margin factor) and Hilbert spectrum envelope,the rolling element's faults at different rotating speeds,loads and degrees were analyzed and compared with normal bearing's vibration acceleration data so that reasons resulting in the difficulty in diagnosing rolling element faults can be obtained,including the solutions to them.


In order to study the behavior of the early stage o f pitting corrosion, an image analysis based on dis crete wavelet packet transform and fractals was used. Image feature parameters wer e extracted and analyzed to characterize the pittin g corrosion development with test time. It was found that the feature parameters : Shannon entropy, energy, fractal dimension and in tercept increased with the test time. Therefore the image processing techniques wer e promising and effective tools to analyze and dete ct the pitting corrosion.


Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease strongly predisposing to bone marrow failure and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Four FA genes, corresponding to complementation groups A, C, F and G, have been cloned, but the molecular functions of the corresponding proteins are unknown. The high risk of AML in FA patients suggests that the 'FA pathway' helps to prevent AML in non‐FA individuals. We examined 10 AML cell lines, as well as primary cells from 15 AML patients representing the French–American–British subclasses M1–M5a, for possible deficiencies in the 'FA pathway'. Cellular lysates were analysed for the presence of the FA proteins FANCA, FANCC, FANCF and FANCG, as well as the complexes reported to be formed between these proteins, using immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis. Aberrant protein profiles were observed in five of the 10 cell lines and in 11 of the 15 primary AML samples. Aberrations, that included absence or reduced presence of FA proteins and/or their complexes, were noted in the subclasses M1–M4, but not in M5a (n = 3). Our results suggest that a significant proportion of general AML is characterized by a disturbance of the 'FA pathway' that may represent an early event in the development of this type of leukaemia.


The causal effects of various firm ownership structures on such performance measures as economic growth, production efficiency, and shareholder value are not well-developed in the field of economics, or any field for that matter. While Demsetz (1983) has argued that no single firm ownership structure is optimal for all situations, Fama (1980) contends that ownership of the firm may be irrelevant from a "nexus of contracts" perspective. However, little theoretical or empirical progress has been made to resolve this issue, despite attempts by those such as Williamson (1981) to bring the topic to the forefront of discourse. One ownership construct that is beginning to receive empirical attention is the family-owned firm. However, according to a review of the literature by Wortman (1994) and an empirical study by Riordan and Riordan (1993), there is a paucity of theoretical models or even a generally accepted definition of family business. Empirical progress in the study of family ownership suffers from the difficulty of gathering data from firms that are primarily closely held. Consequently, most studies focus on survey and database results restricted to a particular geographic region (Daily and Dollinger 1993; Kirchhoff and Kirchhoff 1987) or nationally focusing on a particular industry or trade group (Daily and Thompson try or trade group (Daily and Thompson 1994). This article examines the impact of the family business type of ownership structure on the production frontiers of the firms studied. The analysis proceeds first from the microeconomic perspective on the unique attributes of the small business objective function, leading next to a cross-section production function to assess the differential macroeconomic impact of family-versus nonfamilyowned small firms. An extensive database of small privately held companies in Western New York (primarily the Buffalo and Niagara Falls SMSA) was developed to carry out empirical analysis. Statistical regression analysis from a production function perspective generates conclusions on the potential for additional economic growth in Western New York or in any region with a similar profile of family business activity. From a more global perspective, the policy implications of these results are discussed for government agencies (the U.S. Small Business Administration and local industrial development agencies) whose mandate is to promote economic growth and development in the various regions and in the United States as a whole. Sampling Methodology The database for this project was developed with the assistance of the Canisius College Center for Entrepreneurship, supported by a grant from the U.S. Small Business Administration. Companies and data were drawn from various sources, primarily local chambers of commerce, Microcosm (published by Dun & Bradstreet Information Services), and confidential company lists provided by professional sponsors to the Center. The database contains over 2,000 small privately held companies in Western New York. A survey on family business was distributed to the entire database. Information was requested on number of employees, industry sector (manufacturing, distribution, or service), sales category, and age of the firm. Microcosm also provides a sales figure in dollars, a SIC code, and some employee data for the subset of firms in our database that are also listed in that source. Numerous crosschecks substantiated the reliability of most survey responses. Of the 600 or so survey responses, 506 were usable based on sufficient completeness, for a yield rate of about 25 percent. The two questions shown in Table 1 were intended to break out family versus non-family firms. Our intention was to permit companies to classify themselves as family or non-family firms using Question One: "Do you consider yourself a family business?" so long as the reliability of self-selection was confirmed by the control in Question Two. …


(CS: column space). The Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse of ׏ is denoted ׏ ା and it is determined at all points in the Fourier expression, except at the origin where it is set to zero which exclusively affects a constant term in the susceptibility distribution. It is assumed that 1) the true susceptibility distribution ଴ is approximately piece-wise constant or equivalently ଴Ԣ is approximately sparse, and 2) the locations of most of the non-zero elements in ଴Ԣ are known from the magnitude image and the corresponding diagonal elements in M are assigned 0. These two assumptions may be written as ԡ ܯ ଴Ԣ ԡ ଵ ԡ ଴Ԣ ԡ ଵ ⁄ ا1 . The observation ߜൌ ܨ ஽׏ ା ଴ Ԣ൅ is contaminated by noise e and the weighted l2 norm of the error is ԡ ԡ ଶ ൌߝ . The solution to Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 are respectively denoted as ᇱ ෡. RESULTS Lemma 1: The reconstructed gradient error ࣀ ᇱ ൌ࣑ ᇱ ෢ െ࣑ ૙ satisfies ԡ ࢃࡲ ࡰસ ା ࣀ ᇱ ԡ ૛ ൑૛ ࢿ and ԡ ࡹࣀ ᇱ ԡ ૚ ൑૛ ԡ ࡹ࣑ ૙Ԣ ԡ ૚. This Lemma can be proven


Weight loss surgery (WLS) has had a tumultuous history. The initial operations performed 5 decades ago had questionable weight loss, carried unacceptably high risks, and had unknown long-term health benefits [1]. For many years, WLS was the option of last resort and only for the most extremely debilitated patients. But things have changed, and dramatically so. Unbridled growth in severe obesity has been matched by advances in surgical techniques and technologies available for its treatment. Soon it may not be unreasonable to consider WLS as the first line treatment for obesity and weight-related comorbidities like diabetes and sleep apnea.

Indeed WLS offers much more than significant and sustained weight loss. Recent studies demonstrate its ability to cure diabetes [2], to improve outcomes from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large, matched cohort of patients [3], and to reduce the risk of death by approximately 35% over time [4,5]. Findings from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery I (LABS-1) trial, a prospective, multicenter observational study in 4776 WLS patients, reported a 30-day overall death rate of 0.3%, with serious complications in 4.1% of patients—figures similar to those seen in other major operations [1,6–9] (Fig 1). Between 1998 and 2004, the number of weight loss procedures performed in the United States soared by 800% to 121,500 [10]. That number reached 171,000 in 2005 [1]. Despite this exponential growth, WLS still has the perception of being a risky procedure among the general public, insurance companies, and even other health care providers. The sheer number of cases performed annually has raised concerns among third party payers and government agencies about provider qualifications and patient safety. For its part, the obesity health care providers have gone through great lengths to ensure that the quality of WLS has kept pace with quantity. Fellowships devoted solely to bariatric surgery have been established [1], and more importantly, evidence-based standards for the care of WLS patients have been published [11].

Fig 1

Mortality after bariatric and other surgery after age 65. AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting. (Reprinted with permission from Flum et al [84]. Adapted with permission from original in Goodney PP, Siewers AE, Stukel TA, ...

The first such report came in the wake of a massive chemotherapy overdose that killed Boston Globe journalist Betsy Lehman [12] and led to the subsequent creation of the Betsy Lehman Center for Patient Safety and Medical Error Reduction (Lehman Center). This organization's mission is to improve patient safety by developing evidence-based, best practice standards of care.

In 2004, the Lehman Center and the Massachusetts Department of Public Health convened an Expert Panel [13] to assess weight loss procedures, identify issues related to patient safety, and develop evidence-based best practice recommendations. The Panel worked with more than 100 specialists in 9 separate task groups to examine every facet of care—from psychological evaluation and anesthetic perioperative procedures to multidisciplinary treatment and data collection (Table 1).

Table 1

Task groups of the Lehman Center Report [13,14]

The resulting document, published as a supplement to Obesity in 2005 [13], set the standard for WLS across the state and well beyond it. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) abstracted the report for broad use and the American College of Surgeons (ACS) used it as the blueprint for its Bariatric Surgery Network Center accreditation program. Its recommendations influenced health care policy and medical practice in the United States and abroad [14].

Much has happened since 2005, including rapid growth in the literature, development of new procedures, shifting patient demographics, shorter lengths of hospital stay, and widespread use of laparoscopy. To address the impact of these changes on patient safety, the Lehman Center reconvened the Expert Panel in 2007 to update the earlier systematic literature review and evidence-based recommendations.

The new report, published in Obesity 2009 [15], is even more comprehensive than the first. It covers every practice area in the original publication as well as 2 new topics: endoscopic interventions and policy and access. Recommendations were developed using an established evidence-based model. This approach was used to optimize patient safety in a high-risk specialty that continues to grow at a breakneck pace, fueled, in part, by the high failure rate of alternative therapies (eg, improved nutrition, behavior modification, increased exercise, and medications) [9,16].

In 2006, the number of weight loss procedures performed in the United States topped 200,000 [17]; in 2008, that figure reached an estimated 220,000 [18,19]. Weight loss operations will continue to grow at an accelerating pace as evidence on their safety and efficacy mounts and more insurers provide coverage [20]. Today, there are approximately 15 million people in the United States with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 40 kg/m2, but only 1% of the clinically eligible population receives surgical treatment for their obesity [18].

This situation is not limited to the United States. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 400 million adults currently have class I obesity (BMI >30). By the year 2015, that number is expected to reach an estimated 700 million [21]. Without intervention, only 1 in 7 obese patients will reach their full life expectancy [22,23].

Bariatric surgery has taken on many forms since the first operations in the 1950s. Five decades later, no single "best" operation has emerged from the available options. But a lot of effort has been placed on determining the best way to treat obesity and to avoid the complications of WLS. Care starts with a multidisciplinary approach to surgical weight loss and ends with life-long follow-up for those who undergo WLS.


Desmosomes in the seminiferous epithelium of the adult mammalian testis are not as well defined morphologically as those in most other epithelia. Moreover, the plasma membrane related plaques in Sertoli cells are linked to vimentin filaments, not to keratin filaments. Previous studies have indicated that these desmosomes contain classical actin‐related cadherins, thereby raising the interesting possibility that these junctions may have characteristics both of actin and of intermediate filament based junctions. To explore this possibility, we probed the seminiferous epithelium of adult male Spraque Dawly rats for N‐cadherin, actin, and plectin. In fixed frozen sections, N‐cadherin labeled sites at the base of the epithelium that only partly appeared to colocalized with the intensely labeled actin in ectoplasmic specializations. In fragmented epithelium, the actin probe reacted with plectin positive desmosomes. At the ultrastructural level, the probe for N‐cadherin clearly labeled desmosomes. Significantly, an antibody to actin also reacted above background with desmosomes and was localized close to the cytoplasmic face of the membrane related plaques. Our results are consistent with the conclusion that desmosomes in the seminiferous epithelium have characteristics both of actin and of intermediate filament based attachment junctions.


Phase unwrapping is an estimation problem of the continuous phase function from its wrapped samples. Especially the two-dimensional phase unwrapping has been a common key for estimating many crucial physical information, e.g., the surface topography measured by interferome tric synthetic aperture radar/sonar. However almost all 2D phase unwrapping algorithms are suffering from the path dependence of the estimated result mainly because they tackle a certain NP-hard problem. In this paper, to guarantee the path independence, we present a novel algebraic approach by combining the ideas in the algebraic phase unwrapping with techniques for a piecewise polynomial interpolation of two dimensional finite data sequence.


The invention relates to a method for aligning a luminous spot of light exiting at least one light guide on an optical converter, wherein the exit surface 7 of the fiber has an angle alpha relative tothe longitudinal axis of the fiber which is different from 0 degree, the position of the luminous spot on the converter being aligned by adjusting the angle alpha. The invention also relates to a device comprising a light guide from which light exits and is incident on an optical converter to at least a substantial extent, thereby forming a luminous spot, wherein the exit surface 7 of the fiber has an angle alpha relative to the longitudinal axis of the fiber which is different from 0 degree, the position of the luminous spot on the converter being aligned by adjusting the angle alpha. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a conversion module as a part of a lighting device. The conversion module is operated with excitation light of a light source, a fiber-optic light guide beingused. For holding a converter for producing the useful light a support element is provided while the light guide is positioned and held by a decoupling head. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a converter-cooling body composite, wherein the cooling body and the converter are interconnected such that the connection between the converter and the cooling body preferably has high reflectance and both the connection between the converter and the cooling body as well as the entire system has low thermal resistance and a long life expectancy.


A delay diversity receiver for code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular systems is proposed and analyzed. It is shown that the proposed receiver can achieve a remarkable diversity gain with reasonable cost and complexity from the perspective of outage probability. The proposed receiver can find its application to IS-95/cdma2000 1x base stations with simple modifications.


A 62-year-old man presented to our hospital after experiencing two months of diffuse, dull abdominal pain, with scrotal swelling and left epididymitis. Laboratory data showed an increased level of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4; 3.43 [normal range: 0.03–2.01] g/L), but were negative for the other


PurposeOlder people who reside in care homes have varying access and quality of medical care; in the UK, this is provided by general practitioners (GPs). The authors aimed to explore the experiences of trainee GPs in delivering integrated care and discuss, with senior GPs, opportunities to improve training.Design/methodology/approachTwo trainees and thirteen senior GPs were recruited through professional networks and participated in semi-structured interviews. Transcriptions were analysed using thematic analysis, and the theory of negotiated order was used to interpret findings.FindingsTrainees received no specific training on working with care homes. Exposure to the care home setting was variable, and could be negligible, depending on the GP practice placement. Senior GPs expressed concerns about patient safety, due to practical challenges of the consultation and a sense of lack of control. Considering the theory of negotiated order, where GPs had trusting relationships with care home staff, the input of the staff could mitigate the sense of risk. Care plans could communicate needs and preferences within the team and may be a way of extending the negotiated order, for example giving care homes authority to implement end-of-life care when the GP is not present.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors identified a need for trainees to engage with the organisational aspect of the care home to deliver integrated care. Trusted relationships with staff led to improved consultations, care plans, and better management of risk.Originality/valueThis is the first study of learning needs for GP trainees to provide integrated care for older care home residents.


The mobilization production of weapon and equipment is different from others.Reorganizing technical process is one of the key technologies.Based on the reconfigurable theory,the principle and way of reorganizing technical process were proposed on the premise of meeting resource restraint and production batch.The manufacturing resource database and the model of estimating resource capability were constructed.The match of processes and equipment was discussed in detail.By improving the model of assigning problem and using Hungary algorithm,the result of match could be gained.At last,a numerical example was illustrated to validate this proposed method.


The embodiment of the invention provides a method, device and terminal for automatically controlling a terminal display scale. The method comprises the following steps: monitoring the vibration situation of the terminal; computing the magnified scale displayed by the terminal corresponding to a predetermined vibration state when the fact that the terminal reaches the predetermined vibration state and lasts over a pre-set period is monitored; and controlling the terminal to magnify the displaying contents of the terminal on a display screen of the terminal according to the magnified scale. The method, device and terminal for automatically controlling the terminal display scale solve the problem that the reading and operation of the conventional terminal are difficult due to the vibration.


Developing and maintaining marketing relationships have been widely examined in the literature. The impact of relationships on firm performance extends the understanding of previously defined key relationship marketing elements. Such an understanding spans the gap between relationship marketing theory and practice. We hypothesis that the relationship marketing attributes of communication, power, comparison level of alternatives, satisfaction, trust and commitment are linked to firm performance. Results indicate that firms experience superior performance with best (partnering) relationships than with typical marketing relationships.


X iv :2 11 1. 04 99 8v 2 [ co nd -m at .m tr lsc i] 9 J an 2 02 2 Interlayer magnetic interactions in π/3-twisted bilayer CrI3 Haodong Yu, 2 Jize Zhao, 2, a) and Fawei Zheng 4, b) School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the MoE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics and Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China. Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.


In recent years, stress testing has gained popularity among regulators in assessing the financial stability on individual bank level and the banking system as a whole. As the 2014 stress test consists of an extensive and complicated framework, this paper suggests other indicators of assessing financial stability of banks under adverse economic conditions. Hazard rates, leverage, the current core tier 1 capital ratio, profitability and credit ratings are found useful in assessing financial stability of banks, especially when used in conjunction. Credit default swap spreads and credit ratings are an imperfect measure of financial stability. Banks, stakeholders and supervisors can use these implications on a more continuous base together with the stress tests as an indication of the financial stability of banks in a stressed environment.


Jakhrana bucks (24) of the same body weight (BW, 30±2 kg) and age (12±0.5 month) were selected to study libido parameters and their correlation with seminal characteristics. The bucks were randomly allotted into group 1 (intensive system, 12 bucks) and group 2 (semi-intensive system, 12 bucks) under group feeding management conditions. Ejaculates (336; 168 from each group) were collected twice weekly and evaluated for various seminal characteristics (volume, pH, mass motility, progressive motility, concentration, viability, hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) response and acrosomal integrity). The libido parameters (reaction time, refractory period, mounting enthusiasm, erection status of penis and fixing strength of male) were recorded from each group and it was synchronized with semen collection. No significant correlation was observed between libido parameters and semen characteristics. However, significant negative correlation was observed between semen volume with reaction time and refractory period, respectively. Moreover, libido parameters between groups 1 and 2 did not show a significant difference. It may be concluded that there is no correlation between libido parameters and seminal characteristics (except semen volume), so it may be possible to obtain good semen samples from bucks with low libido.


Many kinds of the Hazardous and Noxious Substances (HNS) were transported in bulk and its total volume was estimated over 62.9 million tonnes in 2007 in the Northwest Pacific region. Because HNS is also transported in bulk like oil, a major HNS spill incident has a potential to cause a huge amount of marine pollution and to damage human life and property. Recognizing the need for prompt and effective contingency plan in case of HNS spills, the four NOWPAP Members (the People's Republic of China, Japan, Republic of Korea and Russian Federation) have established their respective national laws and regulations and regional co-operation for prevention, preparedness and response to HNS spill incidents as well as oil incidents on sea.


From the liverwort, Makinoa crispata(Dilaenaceae), a novel eudesmane-type sesquiterpene δ-lactone, crispatanolide, was isolated and its structure was established to be 2,4-cycloeudesman-14,7-olide (1) by X-ray analysis.


Laurin analyses Baxter's paintings from 1997-98, focusing on the artist's use of disparate painting styles. List of works. Biographical notes.


thought is a rare factor in American education and the consequence is that in both theory and practice our education has always and everywhere been emergency education. Its virtue has been a sensitivity and responsiveness to symptoms of change; its vice has been forgetting its aim. The actual education of the Founding Fathers was a colonial importation from eighteenth-century Europe: deism in religion, rationalism in ethics, politics, economics, and natural philosophy, and a skepticism with regard to all forms of authority. The justification of slavery and the right of revolution were frequent subjects of the public disputations from which our college commencement exercises are derived. One can see that a great deal of traditional liberal education is taken for granted as the basis of this kind of higher learning. Languages and mathematics, history and mechanics were in every gentleman's equipment as he went on Formerly chairman of the Committee on the Liberal Arts at the University of Chicago, SCOTT BUCHANAN is at present Dean of St. John's College. to choose theology, law, medicine, or commerce as his career. The European pattern was sophisticated and intellectual; the American acceptance of it was uncritically utilitarian. Education was the transmission of useful knowledge to the few upon whose wisdom the future of the young country depended. The war for independence made the educational emergency acute and the new republic rapidly set up colleges of traditionally useful knowledge for the training of its indispensable leaders. The next crisis was the recognition that a republic needed universal literacy in its electorate, and Thomas Jefferson in Virginia showed how to meet the emergency by building useful higher learning on the broad base of reading, writing, and arithmetic for everybody: grammar schools for everybody and colleges of liberal arts and universities for the few selected geniuses. It is important to note that the alphabet of the liberal arts for everybody is the greatest single contribution we have made in education, but it was made to meet the emergency of revolutionary state-building. It was far more revolutionary than Thomas Jefferson imagined. The industrial revolution, its technology and natural science, brought on the second American revolution and a generation later dictated the elective system to colleges and schools. Utility and speed multiplied subjectmatters, divided schools, departments, and courses, and forced early specialization to insure manpower and leadership for the industrial society. As technology and science invaded and reformed society, so the elective system re-defined useful knowledge and reformed our educational system to meet a continuing series of emergencies. The recognition of this crisis was late but complete in John Dewey. He saw that American life was made up of emergencies or trouble-situations in both industry and society and that useful knowledge must be self-generated and put to work in such contexts. The school and college should select, invent, and present a series of emergent situations to prepare each individual for his precarious life. Explicit interests are symptoms of trouble in the student himself; let the student select and improvise trouble for himself. Progressive education will then be


New petrographic and microstructural observations, mineral equilibria modelling and U/Pb (monazite) geochronological studies were carried out to investigate the relationships between deformation and metamorphism across the Rehamna massif (Moroccan Variscan belt). In this area, typical Barrovian (muscovite to staurolite) zones developed in Cambrian to Carboniferous metasedimentary rocks that are distributed around a dome‐like structure. First assemblages are characterized by the presence of locally preserved andalusite, followed by prograde evolution culminating at 6 kbar and 620 °C in the structurally deepest staurolite zone rocks. This Barrovian sequence was subsequently uplifted to supracrustal levels, heterogeneously reworked at greenschist facies conditions, which was followed locally by static growth of andalusite, indicating heating to 2.5–4 kbar and 530–570 °C. The 206Pb/238U monazite age of 298.3 ± 4.1 Ma is interpreted as minimum age of peak metamorphic conditions, whereas the ages of 275.8 ± 1.7 Ma and 277.0 ± 1.1 Ma date decompression and heating at low pressure, in agreement with previous dating of Permian granitoids intruding the Rehamna massif. The prograde metamorphism occurred during thickening and associated horizontal flow in the deeper crust (S1 horizontal schistosity). The horizontally disposed metamorphic zones were subsequently uplifted by a regional scale antiform during ongoing N–S compression. The re‐heating of the massif follows late massive E–W shortening, refolding and retrograde shearing of all previous fabrics coevally with regionally important intrusions of Permian granitoids. We argue that metamorphic evolution of the Rehamna massif occurred several hundred kilometres from the convergent plate boundaries in the interior of continental Gondwanan plate. The tectonometamorphic history of the Rehamna massif is put into Palaeozoic plate tectonic perspective and Late Carboniferous reactivation of (Devonian)–Early Carboniferous basins formed during stretching of the north Gondwana margin and formation of the Palaeotethys Ocean. The inherited heat budget of these magma‐rich basins plays a role in the preferential location of this intracontinental orogen. It is shown that rapid transition from lithospheric stretching to compression is characterized by specific HT type of Barrovian metamorphism, which markedly differs from similar Barrovian sequences along Palaeozoic plate boundaries reported from Variscan Europe.


The function of letters and visits expression resolves the contradiction between democracy and centralization. The function of letters and visits right relief resolves the contradiction between national interest, collective interest and individual interest. The function of democratic participation resolves the contradiction between maintaining stability and safeguarding rights. The function of information transmission resolves the contradiction between some bureaucratic staff and the masses in the state organs. In the new era, there are some practical problems in letters and visits, such as the weakening of the party's leadership, no distinction between complaints and visits, no end of petition, and collaborative failure. We should improve it by strengthening the party's overall leadership, legalization, informatization, and collaborative governance.


Through the research on the logistics efficiency of cross-border e-commerce, this paper can more clearly recognize the difficulties faced by cross-border e-commerce in my country. It examines the method of constructing a network topology suitable for multi-network multi-node data perception. The relationship between overall energy efficiency, load balance and the potential of neighbor node sets is studied, and a three-dimensional cross-border e-commerce air transport international logistics network multi-objective model is established. The above research brings new methods and new ideas for more reasonable planning and layout of international logistics systems.


Primary objective: To report the outcome of 232 clients undertaking Rehab UKs Vocational Rehabilitation Programme, over three consecutive years, in three centres across the UK. Methods and procedures: Data regarding demographic characteristics of participants, type and severity of acquired brain injury were collected on admission to the programme. The duration of the vocational programme and occupational status on discharge is also reported. Interventions: A description of the vocational programme is given including selection and admission criteria, main components of the programme, monitoring and evaluation frameworks. Results: Forty-one per cent of participants were discharged into paid competitive employment, with a further 16% gaining voluntary work and 15% taking up mainstream training or education. The remaining 28% were referred to other services or withdrew from the programme. Conclusions: Vocational rehabilitation offering educational and experiential learning opportunities is effective in enabling participants with severe acquired brain injuries to return to paid employment.


Importance of the athlete's heart has been arisen in the last decades. Consequences of the sedentary way of life are the most threatening through the impairments of the cardiovascular system. Endurance performance is mostly limited by the characteristics of the athlete's heart. Sudden death of the athletes is always associated with cardiac disorders. Main characteristics of the athlete's heart can be divided into morphologic, functional and regulatory ones. The main morphologic characteristics are the physiologic left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and a richer coronary capillary network. The functional adaptation contains a better systolic and diastolic function, modified metabolism and electric characteristics. The most easily detected modification is the better LV diastolic function. Adaptation of the cardiac regulation is manifested mostly by a lower heart rate (HR). Summarizing: the athlete's heart is an enlarged but otherwise normal heart characterized by a low heart rate, an increased pumping capacity, and a greater ability to deliver oxygen to skeletal muscle.


In September 1886, John and Richard Mortimer excavated a large barrow at Garton Slack, East Yorkshire (Mortimer 1905, 229). At the centre of the barrow lay the inhumation burial of a young adult male. A flint knife, a clay button, and two lumps of yellow ochre had been arranged behind his head; at his left hand were two quartz pebbles and fragments of two boar's tusks, while the scapula of a pig had been laid on top of his ribs. One detail of this burial seems particularly alien to contemporary eyes, however. When the body had begun to decompose, his mandible was removed and placed carefully on his chest, and a miniature Food Vessel inserted into his mouth. Here, a pot replaced an element of the human self and the physical boundary between person and object was elided: the open mouths of both pot and body worked as channels through which relationships flowed in processes of communication and commensality. This chapter will explore the relationship between people and objects in the Bronze Age. The Bronze Age saw the introduction of new technologies, notably metalworking, which had a significant impact on concepts of personhood and identity. A greater diversity of materials was employed than in previous centuries, including visually striking substances such as amber and faience, while more 'mundane' materials such as bone were used to make a new and wider variety of objects, particularly during the later part of the period. Such objects were incorporated into new contexts too, notably settlements and burials, and our interpretation of these finds—especially those from burials and hoards—has had a significant impact on our understanding of the period. We will start by examining objects from Early Bronze Age contexts, focusing in particular on burials, before moving on to consider what technologies such as metalworking and cloth production can tell us about the construction of concepts of the self in the Middle and Late Bronze Age. During the early part of the period, artefacts such as copper-alloy daggers, bone pins, pottery vessels, and stone tools were buried with the dead.


SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES in mental test performance be tween high and low socio-economic populations in the United States and Europe are well documented in the literature and consistently show a superiority in test scores of high-status samples. While this evi dence for differential test performance by socio-economic level is in disputable, there have been traditional disagreements over the conclu sions that reasonably may be drawn from these research reports. Pro ponents may be found for each of these three points of view: ( 1 ) the superior test performance of high socio-economic groups represents a genetic superiority in intelligence; (2) the superior performance of the high-status samples indicates a true difference in intelligence a difference which results from environmental rather than genetic fac tors; and (3) the differential performance of high and low-status levels arises from cultural factors within the testing instruments and testing situation themselves and do not necessarily reflect either gen etic or environmental differences in intelligence between groups. The implications that follow from these separate points of view are sharply divergent in their significance for educational practice and curriculum development. Allison Davis and his associates have recently advanced the last of the conclusions mentioned abovel. Davis argues that behavior requis ite for successful achievement on intelligence test items is, to a ve r y great extent, culturally learned, and that the cultural background of the high-status child, as compared with that of a low-status child, is more adequate preparation for appropriate response to a test which is highly saturated with "middle-class" symbols, problems, vocabulary, and objects. This situation, according to Davis, creates a bias in favor of high-status pupils which leads to higher test scores, on the average, for the pupil from high socio-economic levels. When cultural dissimilarities exist between samples under investi gation, it follows from Davis' position that relative mental ability of the groups can be evaluated only if the test items represent cultural experi ence and training equally familiar, on the average, to the groups i n volved. Davis and Eells have conducted intensive research on the problem of cultural bias in several standard group intelligence tests. While their


The production of local chickens in Indonesia is determined by the availability of high-quality local chicken stocks. However, information on local chicken performance is limited, therefore, this study aims to determine the live weight performance of three local Indonesian chicken namely Merawang, Murung Panggang, and KUB in the starter phase. The study was conducted at chicken farm located in Semanu Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Meanwhile, the live weight data were collected at the starter phase (0, 2, and 4 weeks. The samples consisted of 196 Merawang, 157 Murung Panggang, and 416 KUB chickens reared in a battery cage in a closed house under similar conditions. Furthermore, the live weight performance data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). As a result, the Merawang chicken had the highest live weight (P<0.05) at the day-old chick (DOC) age. At the same age, no significant difference was detected between the KUB and Murung Panggang chicken (P>0.05). However, the live weight of Murung Panggang was significantly higher at 2 and 4 weeks compared to others (P< 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that there are variations in the live weight of the three local chickens during the starter phase.


Abstract Perioperative Torsade de Pointes (TdP) is a potentially fatal arrhythmia. The association between the prolongation of corrected QT (QTc) interval and TdP has been well described, but prolonged QTc interval is likely not to be a sole determinant. The transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) represents regional heterogeneities in repolarization. Prolonged TDR is also considered responsible for TdP. Here we reviewed the current knowledge of perioperative TdP and their known mechanism along with risk factors including drugs. A number of perioperative drugs were reviewed for their effect on QT prolongation and TDR.


Improvements direction loop "Specialization reflex" lectures on "The use of acupuncture in gynecology" would help solve at least two problems: the decline of pharmacological burden on patients and thus minimizing possible complications and side effects of pharmacotherapy. On the other hand, the structure used in acupuncture treatment measures will undoubtedly increase the effectiveness of treatment of a wide range of pathological conditions in obstetrics and gynecology. Among the diseases in which treatment RT should take its rightful place, you can specify such as miscarriage, vomiting in pregnancy, preeclampsia, menstrual irregularities, algomenorrhea, endometriosis, premenstrual syndrome, pelvic pain, menopausal syndrome.


The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric poles and discloses a power steel pipe pole with large bending moment. According to the technical scheme, the power steel pipe pole is formed by a steel pipe, wherein the caliber of the steel pipe is increased sequentially from top to bottom, and the radial section of the steel pipe is of an oval structure with short axis and long axis. At least one reinforcing rib plate is arranged in the steel pipe in the short axial direction, and supporting legs are arranged on the outer side face of the bottom of the steel pipe symmetrically in the long axial direction. The power steel pipe pole with the large bending moment can meet the requirement for the large bending moment and has the advantage of being reasonable in structure.


We obtain correction terms to the large N asymptotic expansions of the eigenvalue density for the Gaussian unitary and Laguerre unitary ensembles of random N×N matrices, both in the bulk of the spectrum and near the spectral edge. This is achieved by using the well known orthogonal polynomial expression for the kernel to construct a double contour integral representation for the density, to which we apply the saddle point method. The main correction to the bulk density is oscillatory in N and depends on the distribution function of the limiting density, while the corrections to the Airy kernel at the soft edge are again expressed in terms of the Airy function and its first derivative. We demonstrate numerically that these expansions are very accurate. A matching is exhibited between the asymptotic expansion of the bulk density, expanded about the edge, and the asymptotic expansion of the edge density, expanded into the bulk.


The simulation of electron avalanches and avalanche size distributions in methane is presented in this paper. A model for electron transport under the influence of a constant electric field based on the Monte Carlo method is described in detail. The model is verified and then used to simulate the avalanche development, to calculate the number of electrons in the avalanche (avalanche size), and to determine the avalanche size distribution. The simulated avalanche size distributions in methane are compared with the experimental results, and a good agreement is observed. The influence of inter‐electrode distance, pressure, and reduced electric field on the shape of the avalanche size distribution is discussed. The assumption from the literature that for a constant reduced electric field the shape of the reduced avalanche size distribution is independent of the mean size of the avalanche is confirmed for a wide range of experimental conditions. The simulations have shown that avalanche size distributions depend only on the reduced electric field, confirming the similarity principle.


Chapter 1: Accounting and the Business Environment Chapter 2: Recording Business Transactions Chapter 3: The Adjusting Process Chapter 4: Completing the Accounting Cycle Chapter 5: Merchandising Operations Chapter 6: Merchandise Inventory Chapter 7: Internal Control and Cash Chapter 8: Receivables Chapter 9: Plant Assets, Natural Resources, and Intangibles Chapter 10: Investments Chapter 11: Current Liabilities and Payroll Chapter 12: Long-Term Liabilities Chapter 13: Corporations Chapter 14: The Statement of Cash Flows Chapter 15: Financial Statement Analysis Appendix A-2011 Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Inc. Annual Report A-1 Appendix B-Present Value Tables B-1 Appendix C-Accounting Information Systems


We have adopted multimodal literacy practices in our classrooms primarily for two reasons. First, multimodality is now deeply ingrained in how our society communicates (Tierney, Bond, and Bresler 359). Thus, it may be possible to draw on students' out-of-school literacies to help them perform better in our classrooms. Second, we recognize that not all of our students are proficient in multimodality (Mills 36); thus, they need training as well as access to technology to become competitive in the workforce on graduation from high school.


In this paper, we propose an innovative methodology that aims to solve drawbacks related to how patent data are allocated and organized in international databases. We propose as a case study in the biofuels sector, in order to evaluate the validity of such a method. Starting with a systematic mapping of biofuels production value chain, we have built a comprehensive description of the biofuels technological domain. The resulting list of keywords relies on an iterative selection approach, based on an analysis of recent scientific literature combined with the keyword search tool developed by Scopus. The final patent database, BioPat, has been finalized by a validation procedure with the help of expert interviews, revealing improved accuracy compared with standard International Patents Classification-based codes. Collected information in BioPat allows us to derive more intriguing insights on the characteristics and evolution of technological patterns in the biofuels sector with respect to standard classification methods.


IJPT| Dec-2016 | Vol. 8 | Issue No.4 | 23272-23281 Page 23272 ISSN: 0975-766X CODEN: IJPTFI Available Online through Research Article www.ijptonline.com A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CMOS MAJORITY VOTER CIRCUITS USING MICROWIND Rajkumar BD 1 , G Rajkumar 2 , V Elamaran 2 , Har Narayan Upadhyay 3 1 Department of ECE, School of EEE, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India. 2 Assistant Professor, Dept., of ECE, School of EEE 2 Associate Dean, Dept., of ECE, School of EEE SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India Email: email@example.com Received on: 19.10.2016 Accepted on: 20.11.2016 Abstract


This paper proposes a new approach to modeling user navigation sequences based on Web surfing characteristic.The model can efficiently control its scale and is robust to noise by making use of inverse Gaussian distribution describing the depth of user surfing path and Web popularity characteristic.Experiments show that the model can reduce the effect of noise and not only has lower space complexity and higher prediction accuracy,control the network traffic effectively caused by prefetching.


Objective To study the role CD11b,CD18 and CD54 on the surface of peripheral blood leucocyte in HPAIV infection in mice.Methods 60 Kunming mice,weight is 18-20 gramma,we divide them to two groups randomly:experiment group(HPAIV)and control group,every group consist of 30 mice.To detect directly the expression content of CD11b,CD18 and CD54 of experiment mice and group mice in different moment on the surface of peripheral blood leucocyte employing whole blood immuoflurescence flow cytometry.Results PPC and MFI of CD11b,CD18 and CD54 on the surface of peripheral blood leucocyte in experiment group is higher remarkably than that of control group(P0.05 or P0.01).Conclusion AMS plays an important roles in the HPAIV infection.


A survey about disciplinary counseling elicited responses from a national sample of counseling center directors. Information about demographics, referrals, goals, reference material, and issues related to disciplinary counseling are discussed. Conceptual distinctions between disciplinary therapy and education are noted.


The Text To Speech (TTS) system takes text as an input and generates speech as an output. If input text is incorrect then overall quality of speech output may degrade. The main aim of the proposed system is to provide correct input text to the TTS. The system takes Unicode word as an input, identifies invalid word and corrects it by inserting, deleting or updating characters of the word. In this system, the State Machine is used to identify and correct invalid word in the Devanagari script which in turn is based on rules. Rules are developed for converting character to input symbol. Actions and States are identified for State Machine. Finally, the state transition table is developed for validation and correction of word. Using this system, incorrect words of the Devanagari script can be corrected to valid words (word contains all the valid Devanagari syllables) based on Devanagari script grammar. Since, all Devanagari characters are not present in Hindi language; this system will correct these nonHindi characters to Hindi