To meet the requirement of high location precision for circle target center,a novel subpixel location algorithm based on spatial moment was proposed.A spatial moment based algorithm was developed to detect the edge of a circle,and the subpixel location of circle target center was determined using the least mean-square fitting algorithm.It overcomes the large error shortcoming of traditional Lyvers spatial moment algorithm in locating circle target center.Comparing simulation results show that the precision of circle target center obtained by the proposed algorithm is higher than that obtained by other algorithms.


INTRODUCTION The broadbill swordfish (Xiphias gladius) is a large, highly migratory, predatory fish distributed worldwide, and caught in tropical, subtropical and temperate oceans of the world. In spite of the economic importance of swordfish commercial fishery, the information about the ecology and behaviour of the species is very limited. There are very few studies on the literature on depth and thermal preferences, as well as migratoy patterns, of the species, and most of them have been done using acoustic telemetry, what usually implies a short monitoring period. In the last years, electronic tagging studies have provided useful information on the ecology of large pelagic species, including swordfish (Sedberry & Loefer, 2001; Takahashi et al., 2003), but this information is still fragmentary and needs to be completed. The aim of this study is to present the preliminary results of the ongoing swordfish tagging project carried out by the Spanish Institute of Oceanography in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean. Results presented include depth and thermal preferences, horizontal movements, post-release survival and performance of the anchoring methods of the pop-up satellite tags used (figure 1). MATERIAL S & METHODS During April-June 2007, a total of 21 swordfish, caught by longline, were tagged (figure 2) with pop-up satellite archival tags (model mk10, Wildlife Computers). Tags were programmed to pop-up after different time periods (range: 1-14 months) and, accordingly, summarize depth and temperature data recorded in intervals ranging from 1 to 12 hours. This allows getting detailed information on depth and temperature for short periods, as well as variations in the average values of these variables. Tags were attached by a monofilament leader to the dart, which was inserted close to the first dorsal fin with the aid of a rod. Two types of darts were assayed: stainless steel, and medical grade nylon darts (figure 1). Only individuals showing prime conditions and weighing above 40 kg were tagged. Satellite transmitted information on depth, temperature and light level was processed using Wildlife Computers software. For track estimation, carried out by CLS, an ensemble kalman filtering constrained by light-level positions, SST (daily SST fields obtained at a 9 km resolution by blending microwave and infrared SST measurements from REMSS) and bottom topography (ETOPO2) was applied (Royer et al., 2005). RESULTS & DISCUSSION Preliminary results have provided useful information on depth and thermal preferences of the species. During the night, fish stay in the mixed layer, from surface to a depth of c. 70 m (thermocline), being dives below this depth very scarce. The behavior during the day is more heterogeneous. Some fish are able to stay at great depths (from 300 to 500 m) at daytime, at temperatures around 8°, for 12 hours uninterruptedly. ln other cases, deep dives are combined with short stays above the thermocline. As shown for other large pelagic species, swordfish seems to be able to exploit the organisms of the deep scattering layer. Stays at shallower depths can reflect the presence of other prey resources or the need of the fish to eventually elevate its body temperature. Figure 3 shows typical depth and temperature relative frequency histograms of fish during day and night. Figure 4 illustrates the depth behaviour a swordfish during a couple of weeks. Values plotted are the 2 hours average. As described previously (Takahashi et al., 2003), swordfish perform a clear circadian vertical migration. During the day, fish go to depths below 400 m. probably to feed on organisms of the deep scattering layer, and go back to surface at dusk. During the period shown, no diurnal excursion over the thermocline is observed. Premature detachment has shown to be one of the major problems of pop-up tagging of swordfish. 14 tags out of 21 (67 %) have prematurely detached so far. Data analysis indicates that 8 (38 %) of these tags detached due to fish death (identified as a dive below 1800 m and the subsequent cut of the leader by the guillotine). This finding provides useful information on post-release survival that could be of direct application in conventional tagging studies and could explain the low recapture rates obtained so far. However, the protocols for electronic tagging during this experiment were large in time, and could produce more exhaustion than conventional tagging. Mortality rates were similar when using stainless steel and plastic darts, and seems to be more related to the catch and release procedure. However, plastic darts showed u higher retention rate. Regarding the horizontal movements, most of the fish were tagged around 23oS 084oW, over Nazca Ridge, and showed a clear displacement towards northwest. This movement was very regular, with average daily displacements of 21.21 ± 6.48 miles and an average speed of 0.88 ± 6.48 km. Due to the special traits of this species, there is no possibility to conduct traditional scientific surveys, and electronic tagging seems to be a good tool for providing scientific information useful for assessment purposes. Tags programmed at long term, which are expected to pop-up around mid 2008, will provide useful information on horizontal migration patterns and behavioural changes. References Sedberry, GR. & Loefer, J.K (2001). Satellite telemetry tracking of swordfish, Xiphias gladius, off the eastern United States. Marine Biology 139, 355-360. Takahashi, M., Okamura, H., Yokawa, K.& Okazaki, M. (2003). Swimming behaviour and migration of a swordfish recorded by an archival tag. Marine and Freshwater Research 54, 527-534. Royer, F., Fromentin, J.-M.& Gaspar, P. (2005). A state-space model to derive bluefin tuna movement and habitat from archival tags. Oikos 109, 473-484. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Blanca García, for her unvaluable help in the project, the crew of Makus and Mariané for their friendly collaboration in the tagging operations, and IAD for their efficiency in the logistics. E. Prince kindly donnated the plastic darts and provided helpful suggestions. Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS) is acknowledged for their nice postprocessing of the information. This study was funded by the IEO project SWOATL0710.


As is commonly acknowledged, the frequency spectrum is the most valuable resource in wireless communication, and filter is the key component for its efficient utilization. Filter solutions vary greatly in different base transceiver station (BTS) system. To be more specific, metal cavity filters are dominant in 4G macro BTSs, while dielectric filters and miniaturized metal cavity filters are widely used in 5G base stations. Indoor small base station mainly uses acoustic filters or dielectric mono-block filters, and point-to-point microwave backhaul system mainly uses waveguide filters. The evolutionary trend of filter technology is different for the different BTSs which are introduced in this paper. The special process in filter manufacture, namely, tuning is also discussed.


Panda is an endangered animal in the world.In order to provide exact and scientific evidences for retrievaling and protecting panda,based on ArcView,the paper sets up a qualitative appraise model for entironment of panda's habitat according to analyzing of panda's habitat data of Shaanxi province third investigation.It distinguishs qualitative grade of panda's habitat and tests appraise results.The appraise results accord with panda's distribution on the spot.


Illustrated book of the documentary film showing a record in text and pictures of a bombing raid in Germany during World War II


Background: The Republic of Panama is known for providing a critical link in global trade via the Panama Canal and its impressive economic growth within Latin America. Despite this progress, Panama suffers from stark economic disparities. Extreme poverty is still high in rural areas at 27%, while indigenous territories are above 40%. Economic opportunities in rural areas are sparse and landowners often rely on conventional agriculture and cattle ranching practices that involve the cutting and burning of forests to plant annual crops and pasture grasses. When practiced on marginal, steeply sloped land, soils quickly erode and lose fertility, leading to low agricultural production, decreased ecosystem integrity, and few social benefits. As a result, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2014) estimates that 27% of Panama's agricultural lands are dry and degraded, which severely impairs the ability of these areas to generate the range of ecosystem services necessary to support sustainable production systems including soil fertility, provision of water, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity.


Abstract Rates of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of N-phenyl dimethylphosphoramidate, 2-(phenylamino)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan and 2-ethoxy-2-oxo-3-phenyl-1,3,2-oxazaphospholan, as well as of the corresponding non-cyclic monoester amidates were determined. In cyclic substrates the endocyclic P—O bond is hydrolyzed first, indicating the initial O-protonation of the phosphoroamidate function.


The point spread function(PSF)in computational optical sectioning microscopy(COSM) technology was always unknown and hard to obtain.This brought a lot of difficulties to image restoration.Based on least-square and optimal theory,a parameter estimation method using variable metric was proposed for 3D point spread function.In addition,to overcome the traditional EM algorithm's limit such as serious detail loss,a conjugate gradient least-square(CGLS) algorithm for the restoration of 3D images was developed.The optimal real image estimation was obtained through alterative iteration between the parameter estimation of point spread function and the real images estimation.Experimental results showed that the new algorithm could successfully identify blurs and restore images,in a short time.


With others in this forum, I see queer theorizing as having multiple logics—both within each approach to queer theorizing and across queer approaches (see Weber, this forum). In this view, queer is unsettleable, intersectional, uncaging, multiple (and multiplied), both/and (Weber 1999), and engaged in projects of (the productivity of) failure and maybe even destruction (Edelman 2004; Halberstam 2011). Many instantiations of queer might (appropriately) reject conversations with "mainstream" IR. I contend that queer theorizing can be fruitfully applied, not only as rejection and/or transformation, but in conversation with the research agendas of "mainstream" IR (Sjoberg 2012, 2013). Along these lines, this piece uses a brief example of engaging the logics of the materiality of sex in Judith Butler's (1993) Bodies That Matter with the "mainstream" IR research agenda addressing the "territorial peace" (Gibler 2007, 2012; Gibler and Tir 2010; Gibler and Braithwaite 2013). Rather than being representative or totalizing, this engagement is meant to pair one queer theory work with one IR research endeavor to suggest the potential productivity of such engagements.

Gibler's (2007:509) work on the "territorial peace" is an intervention in the Democratic Peace literature that suggests "joint democracy is actually an instrumental variable that represents the absence of territorial issues in particular dyads, especially neighbors." Gibler (2007:509) contends "democracy and peace might both be symptoms—not causes—of the removal of territorial issues between neighbors" (for example, Vasquez and Gibler 2001). Accordingly, Gibler (2007:516) argues that states with stable borders are more likely to become democracies, operationalizing border stability as a product of whether a part of a state's territory is at risk of capture by its neighbors (and whether that state has the military capability to defend against any territorial challenges, or pose a similar threat to its neighbors). Suggesting that "focal points" for coordination of boundaries in …


Research is a detailed study of a subject or an aspect of a subject. It involves collecting and analysing facts and information with the purpose of gaining new knowledge or new understanding with regard to what is being researched. It is indeed an intensive activity and it is usually based on the work of other researchers aiming at generating new ideas to pursue and questions to answer. Here the emphasis is Human Resource Management Research (HRMR). HRMR is a systematic activity to find answers for specific questions in relation to a particular HRM problem that has been specified lucidly.


For this thesis watermarking is defined as a combination of digital fingerprints and digital watermarking. Content-based fingerprints and other copyright information are submerged together within the document during the marking process. Multi-level security is ensured by insertion of the watermark at two distinct and independent levels within the same document. The watermark is inserted in the unformatted and the formatted text to provide the dual level of security.


Tunnelling below the groundwater table influences the hydraulic regime in the surrounding ground. This will, in turn, cause seepage into the tunnel through the pores and discontinuities and often produces a long-term interaction between the tunnel and the ground. In this paper an attempt is made to identify the behavior of surrounding ground due to seepage, and ground reaction curves (GRC) considering seepage forces are presented for a tunnel under drainage conditions using an analytical method. It is found that the flow of groundwater has a significant effect on the radial displacement of a tunnel wall. While the effective overburden pressure is reduced by the arching effect during tunnel excavation, seepage forces still remain. Therefore, the presence of groundwater induces large radial displacement of the tunnel wall compared to dry conditions.


The majority of literature concerning DNA analysis of prostate cancer involves testing formalin‐fixed prostatectomy tissue, fresh or formalin‐fixed transurethral resections of the prostate (TURP), or fresh core biopsies. We were interested if flow cytometry could analyze the DNA of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded, core biopsies separated into normal versus malignant segments.


Summary Jules N. Pretty, 'Sustainable Agriculture, People and the Resource Base: Impacts on Food Production', Forum for Development Studies, 1997:1, pp. 7–32. As this century draws to a close, agricultural development faces some unprecedented challenges. But the views on how to proceed vary hugely, and there are five distinct schools of thought. Sustainable agriculture seeks the integrated use of a wide range of pest, nutrient, soil and water management technologies. Contrary to popular opinion, such regenerative and low-input (but not necessarily zero-input) agriculture can be highly productive, provided farmers participate fully in all stages of technology development and extension. But there remains a huge challenge to find ways to spread or 'scale up' the processes which have brought about these transitions. For sustainable intensification of agriculture to spread widely, there is a need for fundamental reform of both policies and policy formulation processes.


Intranasal infection of ferrets with a virulent Clone (7a) of the recombinant influenza virus A/PR/8/34—A/England/939/69 (H3N2) produced a fever approximately 24 h in duration beginning about 29 h after infection. The origin of this fever has been investigated as an indication of what might happen in influenza in man.

The systemic production of fever by virus interaction with phagocytes in the reticuloendothelial system appeared unlikely because insufficient virus escaped into the bloodstream. Ten half-hourly i.v. injections of 108 50%0 Egg-Bit Infectious Doses (EBID50) of virus were needed to produce a fever of short duration (3-8 h). Yet, after the intranasal infection, which results in the 24 h fever, the total virus content in the nasal mucosa was less than 108 EBID50 before the onset of fever and only reached 108.5 EBID50 for 4 h during fever. Also, just before or during the fever produced by intranasal infection, influenza virus antigens could not be detected by fluorescent antibody in the spleens of the animals but were detected in animals receiving a single bloodstream injection of 108 EBID50 of virus.

Fever is more likely to result from release of leucocyte pyrogen by virus-phagocyte interaction in the upper respiratory tract. A pyrogen active in ferrets with the characteristics of leucocyte (endogenous) pyrogen was produced by incubating influenza virus with ferret peripheral phagocytes in vitro. A pyrogen with similar properties was released by incubation of nasal inflammatory cells collected from infected febrile ferrets and many of the cells were shown by fluorescent antibody to have interacted with influenza virus.


cis-1,2,3-Triphenylaziridine equilibrates at 150° with the trans-isomer until a 78 : 22 mixture is attained.; the configurational assignments are based on the conrotatory ring-openings to azomethine ylides which were intercepted by suitable dipolarophiles.


Group Cikal Laras domiciled in the Karangpandan district of Karanganyar district is a group of music that is active in developing a kind of music especially musical. Pangrawit is composed of the children SMP, SMA, SMU/K and Students. Activity undertaken by the group is to fill the stage held by the community and agencies. Wrong one of the music that is processed by the group Cikal Laras Gendhing Cakra that combines several forms of musical gendhing such as lancaran, ladrang, sampak, monggang and gangsaran. Presentation is performed in an instrumental manner that is played by young people so it looks harmonious. Cikal Laras group by using qualitative methods. This is done to see a phenomenon that exists about a group of music with players who are mostly young people in processing a cultivation. Meaning implied in this study is more directed to the existence of the group so it is still in demand by people in Karanganyar regency of Central Java. Existence of Cikal Laras group is still needed by the community in Karanganyar regency in enjoying or appreciating a form of musical dish especially karawitan. Creativity generated by this group makes the continuity of the show is increasing so that it can support the continuity of the group.


As the largest archipelagic state in the world, Indonesia has the largest mangrove forest in the world. Unfortunately, Indonesia is also listed as the country with the largest mangrove loss in the world. Mangrove forests in Belawan and their surroundings are also damaged and need restoration. The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a technology that can assist monitor mangrove ecosystems in more detail. The objective of this study was to identify land cover in the Belawan Mangrove Ecosystem restoration area. The land cover analysis used aerial photo analysis from drones using the maximum likelihood classification method. Field surveys were conducted to obtain the accuracy of land cover analysis from aerial photographs. They were also conducted to find the types of trees that grow in the Belawan Mangrove Ecosystem, Medan. There are four types of land cover based on the classification results using the maximum likelihood method, including mangroves, water bodies, ponds, and settlements. The classification results obtained an overall accuracy test result of 92%. Restoration efforts are needed by mangrove area managers considering that non-forest land in the form of ponds and water bodies is still quite wide.


The global and massive urbanization of territories is the most important ecological phenomenon nowadays. The standards of urban growth are crucial for the conservation of biological diversity, and also to the degree of quality of life of urban populations. Contrary to the perception of biologists and other academics, of cities as sterile environments and opposite to the nature, the recent development of urban ecology, a necessarily interdisciplinary science, shows that cities are heterotrophic ecosystems that need to be planned in a manner that their impacts on the biosphere is diminished, and that in parallel their ability to sustain biodiversity is increased.


What would Jesus do? For some Christians, that's the easy answer to every question. In every situation all we need to ask is: What would Jesus do?


This paper proposes a methodology to design stabilizing event-trigger strategies for PI controlled linear continuous-time plants subject to input saturation. Using Lyapunov theory techniques, LMI-based conditions are derived to guarantee regional (or global, when possible) asymptotic stability of the origin. These conditions can be cast in an optimization problem to choose the parameters of the trigger function aiming at reducing the sampling activity, while ensuring the regional stability of the origin with respect to a given set of admissible initial states. Simulation results illustrate the application and potentialities of the method.


Optical flow is a technique for identifying the density velocity or motion vector (MV) in each pixel for motion estimation of image sequences. Under the real situation, many undesired conditions usually generate noises over the sequences and therefore this situation is corrupts the performance in reliability of optical flow. In order to increase the reliability of the density velocity, this paper proposes a novel Horn-Schucnk optical flow algorithm based on the robust estimation that using median filter and effective confidence technique using bidirectional symmetry of forward and backward flow. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness results of our proposed algorithm under several standard sequences such as AKIYO, COASTGUARD, CONTAINER, and FOREMAN. These sequences have differences in foreground and background movement and speed in characteristic. These sequences are contaminated by the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) at several noise power levels (such as AWGN at 25 dB, 20 dB, and 15 dB respectively) over each sequence. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) is used as the performance indicator in our experiment.


In the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model the effect of a transverse field Delta on spin glass freezing is studied. After the static approximation of the replica theory has been analysed, the nonlinear susceptibility is calculated by the perturbation method with respect to exchange coupling Jij up to the tenth order. The freezing temperature and the critical index of the nonlinear susceptibility are evaluated. The result shows that the system remains paramagnetic for Delta >1.506 J (the variance of (Jij) is J2/N), which corrects the conjecture made before by the present authors. It is also shown that the static approximation in the replica theory overestimates Tc for a large value of Delta .


Through series of age-long interactions and experimentations, agricultural production with its associated technologies, has always been the pivot for rural and general socio-economic development. By implication, at least among the Third World countries, agriculture, among other sectors and depending on how it is managed, addresses poverty and unemployment challenges. Since antiquity, Nigeria has practiced agriculture, yet rising food insecurity, unemployment, poverty and stagnated development prevail. These are reversible with adoption of the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (UN, 2015). The challenge to social science prompted this empirical research in Lapai community with the aim of interrogating  Nigeria's agricultural practices, issues and prospects towards widening fact based knowledge for enhanced and beneficial agricultural production. The research relied on both quantitative and qualitative methods and generated data from famers in the locality. Among the findings are that systemic exclusive governance and associated impunity, waste, and leadership failure, among others, stagnate agricultural production, grow poverty, unemployment and socio-economic development crisis. Respondents identify government and culture as the sources of the country's failure in agricultural production and related socio-economic problems and also hold the view that these forces should lead the deconstruction of the problem. Respondents view grassroots attention to farmers as key in developing Nigeria. Among the recommendations are strategic inclusiveness of farmers and all stakeholders in agricultural planning and implementation, liberalized extension services to farmers including financing, training, tools and seedlings.


A new model for calculating the viscosity of aqueous solutions has been developed. Parameters for 74 solutes were established based on a critical review of the literature for solutions of one solute in water, with over 9000 points included. The average difference between the calculated and experimental viscosities is less than 0.1 %, and the standard deviation of this difference is 3.7 % of the average experimental viscosity. The model was validated by estimating published viscosity for systems of more than one solute in water. The average difference between experimental and calculated values for 1700 points is −2.7 %, and the standard deviation of this difference is 16 % of the average experimental viscosity. The median standard deviation of the difference between experimental and calculated values is 3.5 % of the experimental viscosity. The solutes studied are (NH4)2SO4, AlCl3, BaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, CaCl2, Cd(NO3)2, CdCl2, CdSO4, CoCl2, CoSO4, Cr2(SO4)3, CrCl3, Cu(NO3)2, CuCl2, CuSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, FeCl2, FeSO4...


AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To examine clinical handover practices in acute care services in Ireland. Objectives were to examine clinical handover practices between and within teams and between shifts, to identify resources and supports to enhance handover effectiveness and to identify barriers and facilitators of effective handover.

BACKGROUND
Clinical handover is a high-risk activity, and ineffective handover practice constitutes a risk to patient safety. Evidence suggests that handover effectiveness is achieved through staff training and standardised handover protocols.

DESIGN
The study design was qualitative-descriptive using inductive analysis.

METHODS
The study involved a series of focus group discussions and interviews among a sample of healthcare practitioners recruited from 12 urban and regional acute hospitals in Ireland. A total of 116 healthcare professionals took part in 28 interviews and 13 focus group discussions. We analysed the data using the directed content analysis method.

RESULTS
Data collection generated rich qualitative data, yielding five categories from which two broad themes emerged: "policy and practice" and "handover effectiveness." The themes and their associated categories indicate that there is limited organisational-level policy and limited explicit training in clinical handover, that medical and nursing handovers are separate activities with somewhat different purposes and different modes of execution, and that several factors in the acute care setting, including location, timing and documentation, act as either barriers or enablers to handover effectiveness.

CONCLUSION
The evidence in the current study suggests that clinical handover merits increased level of prominence in hospital policies or operating procedures. Medical and nursing handover practices represent distinct activities in their content and execution that may be related to cultural and organisational factors.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
Achieving multidisciplinary team handover requires a change in embedded traditional practices. Several aspects of the clinical handover activities of nursing and medical staff appear to diverge from best-practice evidence.


The construction of glued disc coils with axial cooling for solenoids generating stationary, strong magnetic fields is considered. Upon examination, a specific thermal flow of omega s=23.70 MW m-2 at a maximum current density of j1=1.20 GA m2 was achieved.


We present the one-loop scalar field effective potential for the $N=2$ supersymmetric nonrelativistic self-interacting matter fields coupled to an Abelian Chern-Simons gauge field and for its generalization when bosonic matter fields are coupled to non-Abelian Chern-Simons field. In both models, Gauss's law linearly relates the magnetic field to the matter field densities; hence, we also include radiative effects from the background gauge field. We compute the scalar field effective potentials in two gauge families, a gauge reminiscent of the $R_\xi$-gauge in the limit $\xi\rightarrow 0$ and in the Coulomb family gauges. We regularize the theory with operator regularization and a cutoff to demonstrate that the results are independent of the regularization scheme.


In B2B e-commerce environments, many initiatives for process modeling have made efforts to design business processes correctly. Especially, Petri nets have been widely used as a good theory to design and verify process models. Therefore, we propose the process modeling method for the B2B e-commerce based on Petri nets. First of all, a B2B process model based on BPSS is represented by the UML activity diagram. Second, the activity diagram is transformed to a Petri net model. For the transformation, well-behaved building blocks/control structures and the modeling rules for inter-organizational workflow processes are proposed. Third, the process is partitioned into sharable processes for individual business partners. Finally, according to needs of individual business partners, the sharable processes are modified by well-structured refinement rules. The whole procedure is explained with the purchase process of an e-bookstore.


The morphology of a fresh‐snow specimen and the sublimation‐induced structural changes in an individual snow crystal were examined using a high‐vacuum scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with a cryo system. The snow specimen was collected during a snowfall in Hanover, NH, USA, and was initially maintained at liquid nitrogen temperature in order to prevent any structural changes. Without coating, snow crystals can sublimate in the SEM chamber at a rate that is mainly determined by the temperature of the specimen. After the initial morphology was examined at − 180 °C, sublimation was initiated by slowly increasing the stage temperature, and changes in morphology were recorded by taking images of an individual snow crystal intermittently and recording the temperatures and times. Severe morphological destructions due to sublimation occurred at around − 150 °C. This approach allowed us to closely observe both the initial morphology and the structural changes in snow crystals as they underwent sublimation, a significant process during snow metamorphism. These observations also serve as a reference for temperature selection in the study of uncoated snow with a similar morphology using a high‐vacuum SEM. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The semi-empirical method recently proposed by Silva Mello and Pontes (SMP) for the prediction of rain attenuation in slant paths is investigated in this letter. The SMP method uses the simplified model of equivalent rain cell and the concept of an effective rain rate. However, substantial deviations were observed in SMP predictions when compared to the rain cell diameters derived from experimental data. The measured rain rates and attenuations were obtained from three tropical climates (Australia, and USM and IIUM both in Malaysia). The measured rain attenuation complementary cumulative distributions (CCDs) were also compared to SMP and the Rec. ITU-R P. 618-11. The test results show that the ITU-R model performs much better compared to SMP method in the three tropical climates.


We have examined the behavior of the forward-to-backward ratio {ital R} of the cross section for the {sup 2}H({gamma},{ital p}){ital n} reaction. The data show a weak dependence of {ital R} on the photon energy and group around a value of 1.5 which agrees with the prediction of a simple quark model. An energy dependence of {ital R} is predicted in the quark-gluon string model and is shown to be connected to the ratio of {ital d}/{ital u} quark distributions in the proton.


In order to solve the problem of repeated collection of ownership information in the process of real estate integration confirmation and registration, a collection system applet was specially developed, which changed from the original technical staff from door to door collecting ownership information to government-led and farmer cooperation. According to the simple and clear system interface, the farmers enter the ownership information, upload the photos of the right source materials, the homestead and the house photos, which solves the big problem that the ownership investigation must be repeated and the ownership information must be entered one by one, which has changed to a certain extent. The operation mode of traditional ownership investigation has greatly reduced the pressure of field work, reduced the cost of manpower and material resources, improved work efficiency, and protected the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.


1. A method for transmitting data by using the user equipment by modifying the ratio between the compound of component carriers in a mobile communication system to which a carrier aggregation scheme, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a message from the base station, including information identifier that modifies the ratio between the compound at least one component carrier is a downlink and the at least one component carrier of the uplink data is received from the base th station through one of the at least one component carrier is a downlink, and transmitting the feedback data for the received data to the base station via the component carrier uplink identifikatora.2 modified based on the information. A method according to claim 1, wherein the message further includes information to add the first component carrier is a downlink iinformatsiya identifier includes information to configure the relationship between the added compound of the first component carrier is a downlink and one of the at least one component carrier UL svyazi.3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the message further includes information for removing the second component carrier downlink among the at least one component carrier downlink iinformatsiya identifier includes information to configure the relationship between one of the connections, in at least one component carrier is a downlink different from the second com


In this paper, we study to improve and extend the harmonic plus noise model. The purpose is to synthesize more natural and clearer Mandarin singing voice. First, a few improvements are made to the original model, e.g. the determination of MVF value and the estimation of fundamental frequency and harmonic parameter values. Then, we extend the model to accommodate more processing, e.g. phase synchronization and ADSR, helpful to synthesize higher quality singing voice. In addition, some experiences from our previous studies are adopted and a real-time Mandarin singing voice synthesis system is built. Based on this system, perceptual tests are made to evaluate the performance of our system. Initial results show that our system can significantly improve the naturalness and clarity of the synthetic Mandarin singing voice.


In order to investigate the amylose synthesis mechanism of the three wild rice species originating from Yunnan so as to utilize the good quality trait of the low amylose content of these wild rice species,four key enzymes(ADPG pyrophosphorylase(ADPGP),soluble starch synthase(SSS),granule bound starch synthase(GBSS),starch branching enzyme(Q-enzyme)) activities in three wild rice species and four cultivar rice varieties of Yunnan were assayed during grain filling stages. The result indicated that four key enzymes had similar change trend,but had big differences in the activity among the different wild rice species and the cultivars. It was found that GBSS activity assay in wild rice also had positive relation with amylose content. This indicted that in wild rice the seed amylsoe synthesis is also controlled by granule bound starch synthase. It is also found that SSS and Q-enzyme showed opposition change trend in terms of activity during the grain filling stage. It may suggest these two enzymes had some feedback suppression effect on regulation of starch synthesis.


This work considers to analyze the corporeidade to break conceptions and scientific values of the rationality. In this thought, the manipulation was destined to the bodies that do not have the scientific aspect of our society and the standard desired in the education, physical education and sport. With this, the mind won the body, symbolized for the competitive auto-affirmative behavior, that revealed in the social environment for the glorious dispute of that they are inside of this process and discriminating all the other bodies that did not have the same image. The proposal of change of paradigm of reformularization of the values is a possibility anchored in the estimated ones of the deep ecology of Capra (1999), of a balance of values. Of this form, the deep ecology in will take them in the balance of the integrativas perceptions and auto - affirmative, of the diversity in general in favor of a system that it makes possible a harmoniosidade enters the human beings in general.


Epifaunal invertebrate species, such as amphipods and isopods, have been shown to play key but varying roles in the functioning of seagrass habitats. In this study, we characterized patterns in the poorly known epifaunal communities in eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds in San Francisco Bay as a first step in understanding the individual and collective importance of these species, while testing predictions on spatial patterns derived from previous studies in other regions. Surveys conducted at five beds across multiple time periods (April, June, August and October 2007) showed that San Francisco Bay eelgrass beds varied strongly in epifaunal community composition, total, and relative abundance, and that abundance differed markedly among time periods. In contrast to findings by others, morphologically complex flowering shoots frequently harbored greater numbers of epifauna (>2· and up to 10· more individuals) than vegetative shoots, but not different species assemblages. Similar to previous studies, several abiotic factors did not explain patterns in distribution and abundance among beds. The proportion of introduced species was very high (>90% of all individuals), a finding unique among seagrass epifaunal studies to date. Defining numerical patterns in epifaunal communities will inform related efforts to understand effects of epifaunal species and assemblages on eelgrass growth dynamics, seed production, and higher order trophic interactions over space and time.


In the tribology application of thin films, in order to improve wear resistance properties, super hard films composed of boron, carbon and nitrogen have attracted much attention in recent years as known boron, carbon and nitrogen are used as basic component elements (Enomoto  Miyake, 1994; Miyake, 1999; Miyake et al., 1994). As also, it is expected to realize the application of solid lubricant films which will be provided super low friction coefficients to improve the lubricant properties of surfaces. More and more so-called solid lubricant films in stead of lubricant oil are expected to work under such extreme conditions as high-temperature and vacuum operations in which lubricant oil is unqualified to run. In these solid lubricant materials, the representatives are soft metals as Au and Ag, crystallizing layered inorganic compounds as graphite, h-BN, MoS2 (molybdenum disulfide) and WS2 (tungsten disulfide) and polymers as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) et al. (Enomoto & Miyake, 1994). On the other hand, a wearresistant, not the conventional solid lubricant film, is desired to reduce atomic-scale wear and friction force fluctuation (Miyake et al., 1994; Miyake, 1994; Miyake et al., 1992). One candidate is carbonaceous films such as diamond and diamond like carbon films, which have wear-resistant and lubricating properties (Miyake et al., 1994; Miyake, 1994; Miyake & Kaneko, 1992). The volume module of a hypothetical material, ß-C3N4, which is structurally analogous to ßC3N4, may be larger than or equal to that of diamond (Liu & Cohen, 1989). The hardness of this stoichiometric crystalline carbon nitride is expected to exceed that of diamond. Partially crystalline carbon nitride films have been deposited by reactive sputtering, and their structure and compositions have been investigated. In our previous studies, the use of an atomic force microscope enabled accurate evaluation of the effect of nitrogen inclusions on nanoindentation hardness and microwear (Miyake et al., 1994). Research on the development of nanoperiod multilayer films has recently been carried out, to improve the film hardness. For example, hard multilayer films were deposited, and it was found that the hardness of these multilayer films was significantly improved compared with that of one monolayer of them. As a super hard film, the superlattice film laminated with


The function of biological safety cabinet is reducing the chance of laboratory acquired infection and cross contamination,protecting operation staff and laboratory ambience.This paper expounds on the principle and design consideration about the isolation barrier of biological safety cabinet,thus to give correct guidance to operation staff as to reasonable selection of biological safety cabinet.


A response generation method includes a step of recognizing a voice of a user, a step of analyzing a structure of the recognized voice, a step of generating a free response sentence in response to the voice of the user based on the analyzed voice structure and outputting the generated free response sentence, a step of generating the recognized voice of the user as a repeat response sentence, and a step of outputting the generated repeat response sentence before outputting the free response sentence based on the voice structure.


The analysis of spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity as well as issues on model choice and model selection- how to decide between specification, both nested and non-nested have been predominant in spatial econometric modeling. This paper highlights the concept of spatial econometrics, and applies it to analyze the spatial dimensions of poverty and its determinants using data from Bangladesh. It is shown both theoretically and empirically that the OLS estimates of the poverty function suffer from upward bias. Alternative spatial econometric models showed that both spatial lag and spatial error are statistically significant, indicating that the OLS model is misspecified. The significance of the spatial effects parameters also suggest that spatial poverty trap exist in the country suggesting a more targeted-anti poverty intervention.


The optimum demodulation code for pseudo-noise (PN) binary phase shift keying systems in the presence of a strong sinusoidal interference is shown to be the sum of the PN code and a sinusoidal sequence. The new demodulation method has greatly improved performance compared to PN code demodulation.


Objective To explore the potentials and conditions for the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs) into osteoblasts and endothelial cells in vitro. Methods hMSCs were isolated and cultivated by density gradient centrifugation method.The cells were treated with 30 mg/L endothelial cell growth supplement for one week,and were continued to be induced with 1×10-8 mol/L dexamethasone,10 mmol/L β-sodium glycerophosphate and 30 μg/mL vitamine C for 7 to 14 days.HDMEM culture medium with 10% FBS before induction was served as control.The expression of cell surface antigens was detected by flow cytometry,and the morphological changes were observed by inverted microscopy.The cells were stained with alizarin red for the observation of calcium nodule. Results It was revealed by flow cytometry that the isolated and cultivated hMSCs expressed CD90,CD105 and CD44,and did not express CD34,CD133 and HLA-DR before induction.Fourteen days after induction,the expression of CD90 and CD105 decreased(P0.05),and that of CD44,HLA-DR,CD34 and CD133 increased(P0.05).During induction,the spindle-shaped cells contracted,and overlay was observed.Fourteen days after induction,calcium nodule formation was demonstrated by alizarin red staining. Conclusion hMSCs consecutively treated with endothelial cell inductor and osteoblast inductor can differentiate into endothelial cells and ostelblasts in vitro,forming the co-culture system of endothelial cells and osteoblasts.


Abstract The N.M.R. Knight shift depends upon the conduction electron density at the nucleus under observation. An interpretation of its absolute magnitude in liquid metals cannot be undertaken in terms of a pseudopotential formulation, but relative changes of shift with some parameter such as temperature, volume or alloy composition can be investigated. Knight shift changes with concentration have been measured for a series of binary liquid alloys. Since application of a pseudopotential treatment is simplest when the two constituents have the same valency, the alloys chosen have mostly been of this type, e.g. In-Ga, In-Tl, Sn-Pb, Sb-Bi. Although theory predicts the correct qualitative behaviour of the shift changes, the precise theoretical predictions are very sensitive to details of both the pseudopotentials and the liquid structure factor. In the case of In-Sn and In-Pb, where the shifts of both constituents decrease with increasing indium content for In-Sn, but increase for In-Pb, the difference betwe...


Background—Renal impairment is an emerging prognostic indicator in heart failure (HF) patients. Despite known racial differences in the progression of both HF and renal disease, it is unclear whether the prognosis for renal impairment in HF patients differs by race. We sought to determine in HF patients the 1-year mortality risks associated with elevated creatinine and impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and to quantify racial differences in mortality. Methods and Results—We retrospectively evaluated the National Heart Care Project nationally representative cohort of 53 640 Medicare patients hospitalized with HF. Among 5669 black patients, mean creatinine was 1.6±0.9 mg/dL, and 54% had an eGFR ≤60, compared with creatinine 1.5±0.7 mg/dL and 68% eGFR ≤60 in 47 971 white patients. Higher creatinine predicted increased mortality risk, although the magnitude of risk differed by race (interaction P=0.0001). Every increase in creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL was associated with a >10% increased risk in adjusted mortality for blacks, compared with >15% increased risk in whites (interaction P=0.0001), with the most striking racial disparities at the highest levels of renal impairment. Depressed eGFR showed similar racial differences (interaction P=0.0001). Conclusions—Impaired renal function predicts increased mortality in elderly HF patients, although risks are more pronounced in whites. Distinct morbidity and mortality burdens in black versus white patients underscore the importance of improving patient risk-stratification, defining optimal therapies, and exploring physiological underpinnings of racial differences.


As nuclear plants age and accumulated fluences of core structural components increase, susceptibility of the components to irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) is also expected to increase. Irradiation-induced sensitization, commonly associated with an IASCC failure, was investigated in this study to provide a better understanding of long-term structural integrity of safety-significant in-core components. Irradiation-induced sensitization of high- and commercial-purity Type 304 stainless steels irradiated in BWRs was analyzed. 7 refs., 8 figs.


Archaeological and historical records suggest that cultivation became established rather late in northern Fennoscandia, preferably in coastal villages of northernmost Sweden during the 14th century. The expansion of these settlements has obliterated the relevant biological archives, thus restricting our ability to conduct palaeoecological studies of the oldest villages and limiting our knowledge of their cultivation history. In a secondary phase, new settlements were established around the periphery of these primary villages. We hypothesize that such secondary villages, which generally are only moderately affected by urban expansion, may function as key sites for vegetation-history studies and that the results can be extrapolated to provide clues about the establishment of primary villages and the initiation of associated permanent cultivations. Analyses of pollen, pollen accumulation rates, charred particles and loss-on-ignition residues from a small lake in the secondary village of Arnemark revealed continuous land use from at least c. 1650 cal. BP (cal. ad 300), a step-up phase in grazing and trampling around 1200 cal. BP (cal. ad 750), and permanent cultivation during the last c. 625 years (cal. ad 1325). The results suggest that the secondary village was established around cal. ad 750, that is, c. 600 years earlier than previously thought and that cultivation here was initiated at the same time as has been suggested for the primary villages by the coast. In this study, we also demonstrate that using pollen from old cereal types as references can make the distinction between cereal and wild-grass pollen more reliable.


358Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA), a CYP17A1 inhibitor, has been approved in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Germline polymorphisms in genes involved in androgen biosynthesis or transport may influence response and survival in this setting. Methods: ABIGENE is a multicentric prospective non-randomized pharmacogenetic study (NCT01858441). The primary objective was to investigate the association between 13 SNPs in genes related to AA pharmacology (CYP17A1, SLCO2B1 and SLCO2B3) and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), according to PCWG2 criteria, in pts with mCRPC treated with first-line AA + prednisone. The main secondary objectives were to evaluate the impact of these SNPs on radiographic and PSA response, overall survival (OS) and toxicity. SNPs were detected in blood samples before starting AA and analyzed by pyrosequencing or PCR-RFLP methods. Kaplan-Meyer's curves with log-rank tests and cox regression models were used to identify relationships ...


ABSTRACT A recently generated theoretical line list of C ii dielectronic recombination lines to-gether with observational data gathered from the literature is used to investigate theelectron temperature in a range of astronomical objects, mainly planetary nebulae.The electron temperature is obtained by a least-squares optimisation using all the re-liable observed lines in each object. In addition, the subset of lines arising directly fromautoionising states is used to directly determine the free-electron energy distributionwhich is then compared with various theoretical possibilities. The method describedhere can potentially determine whether there are departures from Maxwell-Boltzmanndistributions in some nebulae, as has been recently proposed. Using published obser-vations of the three planetary nebulae where the relevant lines are recorded, we ndthat the data are best matched by Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions but that theuncertainties are suciently large at present that -distributions or two-componentnebular models are not excluded.Key words: planetary nebulae: general { atomic processes { methods: numerical {radiation mechanisms: general { ISM: abundances { stars: kinematics and dynamics.


Puts forward that the high-speed growth of our country's economy has not promoted employment,but has led to the incongruence between economy development and employment/reemployment and many other social problems.Considers that the readjustment of industrial structure must be strengthened,and the tertiary industry must be positively directed,so as to increase the employment rate and the flexibility of employment and enlarge the employment capacity,which may foster the balanced and coordinated development of the tertiary industry.


The recent global crisis has proved that the increase in income inequality observed over the last decades has not produced the expected effects on investments and growth. At the same time, this fact has amplified the message that there is still much work to do to ensure the social sustainability of globalization. The aim of this paper is to discuss the issue of income inequality in the context of the global crisis. In particular, it focuses on the inequality trends both before and after the current crisis and it examines the linkages between income inequality and the global economic and financial crisis. Furthermore, a set of policies and practices to correct these inequalities – notably, more well-designed labour market institutions, progressive taxation and social transfers – are discussed.


ABSTRACT This article critically interrogates East Asian academics' positional identities in UK universities, internationalisation and diversification against the Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) and Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework. Contemporary UK policy promoting racial equality and diversity is often over-generalised, while the critical race theory-based literature has focused on hegemonic notions of 'white privilege'. Neither discourse provides an adequate, comparative perspective of power relations within diverse racial and ethnic groups. In advancing this perspective, the article compares the experiences of two groups of East Asian academics working in UK universities. One group is foreign-born but has strong British identities following their English élite education. The other group came to the UK for postgraduate studies and/or chose to work in Britain. The paper changes the picture of a static, black and white perspective in the BME policy and CRT literature by offering a dynamic, fluid discourse involving East Asian academics' narratives of their positional identities and choices.


Energy shortage has become the bottleneck of economic development in China.It is of great significance for construction of economical society and sustainable development of country's economy to illustrate the mechanism and change trend of energy consumption and economic development.Since 1985,the energy utilization efficiency in China has been greatly increased,but compared with the developed countries,there is still big room to reduce the energy consumption.In this paper,we divide the change of energy consumption intensity into structure share and efficiency share and put forward their formulation,then use the statistical data from 1985 to 2003 to calculate the structure share and efficiency share in the change of energy consumption intensity,analyze the impact of economic structure adjustment and efficiency improvement on it.The result shown that the development of industrial structure and increasing of energy utilization efficiency were two major factors which could promote the decrease of the energy consumption intensity.The cumulative rate of structure share contribution is-0.08%,the cumulative rate of efficiency share contribution is 100.08%.Therefore, it is concluded that the efficiency share is the major factor to affect energy consumption intensity and the structure share is playing a negative role in the decrease of energy consumption intensity.Moreover,the impact of efficiency share on energy consumption intensity is consistent,while the impact of structure share on energy consumption seems to be inconsistent because of the impact of the macroeconomic policy at the same time.The ratio of efficiency share of the second industry to the total is the biggest and beyond 80 percent,and first industry and the tertiary industry has the relatively smaller ratio.Also the ratio of structure share of the second industry is the biggest,accounting for 68 percent.So we can conclude that the increase of the energy utilization efficiency in the second industry predominantly led the fall of whole energy consumption intensity.The increase of the energy utilization efficiency in the second industry not only decreases the effect of the other industry to fluctuation of the energy consumption,but also promotes gradually the decrease of the energy consumption intensity.Therefore,the research relating to the energy consumption should focus on decreasing energy intensity in the second industry and improving energy utilization efficiency.


Ralph W Fasold, Georgetown University, LSA Annual Meeting Poster Session, 2010 Problem Variationist linguists typically insist that variation in language—more than one way of saying (more-or-less) the same thing—is inherent, that is, a design feature of language. Formal syntacticians concentrate on structures that are or are not possible, without taking an interest in which possible (near-synonymous) utterances occur under what conditions. Generative grammar allows for parameter setting, but it is sometimes not explicit exactly what one set paremeter versus another looks like in a grammar. Syntactic variation for variationists is often about selecting one form rather than another, like a WH-form, O or that in a relative clause (Tagliamonte, Smith and Lawrence 2005).


Community Service through the theme "Pancasila Ideology and National Insight" aims to provide a deeper understanding of Pancasila Ideology and National Insight to the community, how to understand Pancasila Ideology and National Insight in everyday life, so that a society with character that understands Pancasila Ideology and National Insight is formed. Rationally, the Socialization of Pancasila Ideology and National Insight is a process of building awareness among the people, how important it is to understand Pancasila Ideology and National Insights from an early age, so that Pancasila becomes the basis of the state. the state and way of life of the Indonesian nation. The model for community service activities is carried out with lectures and discussions with the community and community leaders about the importance of Pancasila as the foundation of the State. The results of this community service activity show that first, the public generally does not know about developments regarding Pancasila and its dynamics. Second, after the socialization of Pancasila values as the foundation of the state, people began to understand and understand the development and dynamics of Pancasila. Third, raising awareness about true Pancasila knowledge is important for society.


In order to rationalize the physicochemical behaviour of ionic liquids (ILs), quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) models have been derived for the conductivity and viscosity of a class of ILs based on the bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide anion. Data obtained at two different temperatures were analysed to assess the consistency of the derived relationships. Satisfactory correlations were found for both properties, although the QSPR derived for viscosity was heavily temperature dependent. ILs containing nitrile-functionalized cations could not be inserted into satisfactory QSPR. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract : In the article there is shown the principle of the possibility of measuring the concentration of atomic oxygen in the atmosphere at the height of 100 - 150 km by the method of the heat traducer, the sensitive element of which is heated with the recombination of the atoms of oxygen on its surface (heat effect of recombination). (Author)


The dynamic corrosion of 2 1/4% Cr-1% Mo siliconkilled sael super-heater tubing by liquid bismuth has been studied in thermal convection loops working with maximum temperatures up tc 825 deg C, amperature gradients up to 150 deg C, and fluid velocities of 3 to 4 mm/s. Under these conditions the rate at which the steel is corroded by pure bismuth is at least 0.65 in./ year. The effect of adding 250 to 500 ppm Zr to the bismuth as an inhibitor on the corrosion of the sael has been studied. This inhibitor plates out on the steel mainly as a film of zirconium nitride and temporarily prevents attack by bismuth, reducing the corrosion rate to about 0.17 in./year. The film however occasionally spalls off and is not reformed; under this condition intergranular corrosion of the underlying steel proceeds rapidly. If the steel is heavily nitrided (~1% N) its rate of corrosion by inhibited bismuth is reduced to a maximum of 0.010 in./year, the nitride film reforms if broken, and inargranular penetration is prevented. The effect of pile radiation in BEPO on the corrosion of the steel by inhibited bismuth has also been studied. It has no beneficial effect and maymore » even considerably reduce the corrosion resistance of the steel and the efficiency of the inhibitor. (auth)« less


A novel 2D fluid model for capacitively coupled and cross-field atmospheric pressure plasma jets is developed, coming from the simplification of a detailed 2D plasma fluid model and taking into account the jet flow. The simplification is based on a set of reasonable assumptions and is applied systematically through a formalism based on dimensionless numbers (e.g. Peclet and Damkohler), although common in chemical engineering, utilized for the first time in the context of plasma jets and plasma modeling in general. The simplified 2D fluid model, namely the cross-field plasma model (CFPM), consists of a number of 1D plasma fluid models which are solved serially using a multi-time-scale framework. The CFPM is applied to a He/O2 plasma in the COST reference jet. The comparison with the results of the detailed 2D model points out that the CFPM can reproduce detailed 2D calculations ∼10 times faster. The comparison with the results of the standard 1D model highlights the limitations of the 1D model to produce reliable results for species with residence time lower compared to the time required for their net production to come into equilibrium. For O, O3, and O2(a 1Δ u ), i.e. species critical in biomedical applications, the mishit of the 1D model is 1–2 orders of magnitude. These advantages render the CFPM a perfect candidate for the simulation and design of cross-field plasma jets, substituting the commonly used 1D plasma fluid model.


The volatile compounds originating from fresh clove (Syzygium aromaticum) buds cultivated in a medicinal plant garden located in southern Tokyo were investigated. The volatile compounds originating from fresh clove buds were adsorbed onto polydimethylsiloxane-coated devices and then analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sampling was performed at three different development stages of clove buds, i.e., phase I (green), phase II (pink), and phase III (red). In thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry procedure volatile compounds: eugenol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, α-farnesene, and eugenol acetate were the predominant constituents in most cases. Methyl salicylate, α-copaene, β-ocimene, 2-nonanone, ethyl hexanoate, and acetophenone were additionally found as the buds ripened. Volatile compounds obtained from clove leaves were analysed using the same method, and β-caryophyllene, eugenol, α-humulene, 3-hexen-1-ol, 3-hexen-1-yl acetate, and hexyl acetate were identified.

The antioxidant activity of both water and methanol extracts of clove buds and leaves collected from the medicinal plant garden was confirmed using electron spin resonance spectrometry. Scavenging activities against superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical were evaluated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Summary.
 Brief notes, supplementing and emending the author's 'Review of Ferocactus' (1984), are presented for 7 species, based on recent field studies. F. lindsayi is reclassified in F. sect. Ferocactus, F. pottsii Group.


Objective To evaluate the long term prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease after intracoronary stent implantation in small vessels.Methods From July 1999 to December 2000, coronary stenting was performed in 440 patients with coronary artery disease consecutively, small stents(3 mm in diameter) in 103 patients(group Ⅰ) and large stents(≥3 mm in diameter) in 337 patients (group Ⅱ). Angiographic findings and clinical follow up observation were recorded.Results Follow up study was completed in 98 patients(95.1%) in group Ⅰ and 310 patients(92.0%) in group Ⅱ[ranging from 1 to 30 months, mean (13±6) months]. There were no significant difference between the two groups under the discontinuation of nitrates (28.6% vs 35.8%), improvement of cardiac function(49.0% vs 53.2%), and readmission(40.8% vs 31.3%) (all P 0.05)). Compared with group Ⅱ, however, the group Ⅰ patients had more recurrent angina(56.1% vs 41.0%) and angiographic restenosis( 21.4% vs 11.3%), higher rate of cardiac events (29.6% vs 18.7%) and rate of revascularization (27.6% vs 14.3%) (all P 0.05). Conclusion Selective intracoronary stent implantation in small vessels may be less beneficial in the improvement of quality of life and long term benefit.


In rice-rice sequence, continuous cropping with optimum fertilizer use appears to have prevented any appreciable decline in grain yield of rice crop, as per the data reported from different centers of cropping system research in the project, Seasonal application of 120 kg N and 40/80 kg P2 O3/ ha was found necessary to support stable grain production levels, characteristic to each agro-climatic situations, Due to the change in varietal performance and due to unforeseen climatic situation, seasonal fluctuations in grain yield levels were not uncommon. However, this being a general trend common to both fertilize an unfertilized plots, it may be inferred that continuous use of fertilizer per se had no harmful influence towards lowering the productivity of rice soils and that it has considerably helped in sustaining and stabilizing the yield levels of rice in a rice=rice system...


In this study,188 in Zhejiang Province for the study of elite athletes,retired intention of using the self questionnaire,stress and burnout MBI questionnaire scale survey on the implementation of athletes,through the relevant analysis and multiple regression analysis of statistical methods,revealed The pressure of elite athletes,professional burnout and the relationship between the intention of retirement.Study found that:1) burnout elite athletes in the structure of personal accomplishment is a relatively independent dimensions,and the personification of emotional exhaustion and to the existence of significant positive correlation;2) emotional exhaustion,a sense of achievement,training and years of age The retired athletes intention of the return of a significant effect,a total of retired intention to explain the variance of 38.8%;3) outstanding professional athletes can not be direct and effective source of pressure to explain the intention of retirement of the variance,but the pressure of competition training and communication can effectively pressure Forecast for athletes to the emotional exhaustion and personification,the pressure on athletes through the role of professional burnout and indirectly affect intention to retire.


This paper introduces a implement about realtime usimage's transaction which based on USB2.0 interface.This Diagnostic use the X86 processor for controller and use Linux Operating System for system framework.Ultrasound image acquisition devices access control system through the USB interface.Designing a USB device driver for the Ultrasound image acquisition to achieve the image's transmission and send control commands , in order to achieve real-time ultrasound image display and scanning control.The program has ultra-sound diagnostic equipment's design and debug become more facilitate as well as easily expand functional.


H.263+, version 2 of ITU-T H.263, is a specification for video compression that is especially useful in low bit-rate situations. It includes many different modes of operation to deal with many of the problems associated with low bit-rate applications. Our project consists of analyzing possible implementations of H.263+ embedded video decoders, and then determining the feasibility of implementing a decoder on a Texas Instruments TMS320C62x Digital Signal Processor chip. Finally, we present our implementation results.


The article speaks about the contribution of Professor M. M. Mashimov, who on November 24 2015 celebrated grantelk 85th anniversary of the birth, in the solution of scientific and technical problems in geodesy and geodynamics, which are fundamental coordinate and time support of the armed forces of the Russian system of prevention and liquidation emergency situations, navigation, natural resources exploration the land and the oceans, man-made factors with the use of modern and prospectsdifferent methods of geodesy.


Firing simulative model of fire control system(FCS) is important in tank distribute interactive simulation,and effects reliability of simulation result.According to analyses of FCS,based on predigesting external ballistic trajectory model,and combined with simulation realization,it establishes firing data resolving simulative model.


V/hen considering the great many experimental investigations which have been conducted on synthetic antihistamines, against the studies of their clinical effects in men, one is surprised at the relatively small number of the latter. Yet these clinical studies generally demonstrate the slight efficacy of these compounds with respect to the inhibition of the histamine production. Besides the part played by histamine as the trigger factor in various allergic dermatoses and namely in eczema is now strongly questioned.


In this research work, the aim is to characterize the aero-acoustic signature of multi-copter Unmanned Air Vehicle based on the FW-H acoustic analogy. Characterization of single propeller sound signature and quad-copter's sound signature has been done, so that the two sound signatures can be compared and generalized characterization for every multi-copter UAV configuration can be formalized. An unstructured grid has been used. The flow is being simulated by using Large Eddy Simulation, and FW-H acoustic analogy is being utilized in the ANSYS Fluent® environment to estimate the acoustics levels at the specified receiver locations. An aero-acoustic signature pattern is recognizable based on a tonal frequency which is a function of Blade Passing Frequency (BPF) and the number of propellers being used on the respective configuration of the multi-copter UAV. Sound pressure varies logarithmically in every direction with distance and shows asymmetrical behavior on a radial plane downstream of the quad-copter, however, the behavior is nearly symmetric for a single propeller


Abstract: By means of a GTAP based-CGE model, we investigate the impact of the elimination of import tariffs and non-tariff policy barriers (NTPBs) on agricultural trade towards East Asian FTAs. To do that, we first measure the NTPBs by employing a widely-used method derived from the literature on border effects. Next, by adding into the GTAP database our estimates on the NTPBs, which the original GTAP database by its nature does not succeed in incorporating, we compute the impact of the entire elimination of policy barriers (the complete reduction of import tariffs and of NTPBs) on GDP.


Lenalidomide is a thalidomidederivative that has shown clinical activity in multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome (del5q syndrome) and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. It belongs to a class of agents called immunomodulating drugs (IMiDs). In comparison to thalidomide, it is a more potent inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), while retaining some of its anti-angiogenic properties. Our group became interested in evaluating the therapeutic potential of lenalidomide in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) while searching for TNF-a and VEGF inhibitors. The rationale for targeting TNF-a and VEGF in CLL is based on our observation that patients with CLL have higher levels of TNF-a and VEGF-R2 than normal subjects and that high levels of these cytokines are associated with more aggressive disease and an inferior outcome.1,2


ABSTRACT Premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who are acutely ill or at developmental risk are often likely to require early intervention services in the NICU and following discharge. The NICU Training Project is an interdisciplinary training model designed to promote collaboration between NICU health professionals and early interventionists. Utilizing principles of adult learning, the project's goal is to train service providers to implement a seamless system of family-centered interventions in the NICU, at discharge, and through transition to community early intervention services. This article describes the training model, methods, and outcomes.


An introduction is given to a pair of computer systems which provide check lists, advice and assistance for design engineers when planning and interpreting ground investigations.


In an era dominated by ever tightening budgets, how does a company ensure they're effectively hiring the right statistical programming candidate without the expense of a face-to-face interview? The Technical Phone Screen (TPS) is one tool used by most companies to gauge the skills of an individual applying for a position. This paper explores best practices in the use of the TPS in today's challenging environment.


The large research literature on the Tiebout model has developed with little attention paid to the urban economic structure in which local government functions. This paper attempts to examine the theoretical consequences of local jurisdictions functioning within a conventional monocentric urban model. It also discusses a mathematical formulation of a two-jurisdiction linear city in which the local service level and local property tax rate might be used as strategic variables in a game theory sense. It is concluded that for this to happen, the local service level has to have more than one element, which is intuitively appealing. Some references are developed to current British local government and possible changes.


Regular physical activity plays an important role in the healthy life. However, excessive exercising might lead to addictive behavior. Exercise dependence (ED) is an extreme commitment to sports that was identified as a behavioral addiction. The objective of the present study is to explore the prevalence of ED in a sample of fitness center users (n=1743) recruited from 17 fitness and welness centers in Budapest. A questonnaire-based survey was carried out to measure ED. Two standardized scales, the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS) and the Exercise addiction Inventory were used. Results revealed thet 2,2% (on EDS) and 7% (on EAI) of subjects belonged to the dependent group and 69,3% (on EDS) and 76,5% (on EAI) showed ED-related symptoms. It is surmised that due to their sport activities, these groups are at elevated risk for ED. Moreover, younger people with decreased self-esteem tend to have higher likehood and to have problems with excessive sport behaviour. Therefore it is important to raise the awareness of the harmful and risky patterns of exercise behaviour. The here adopted two instruments, EDS and EAI, might be utilized for to early detection of ED and prevention of the disorder.


The task of Higher Education is training senior special person who possess innovative spirit and practical ability,and strengthening study-atmosphere building in Colleges and Universities is important means of achieving this training task.The mode of study and test,of science and technology innovation and of reading and thinking are three modes of strengthening study-atmosphere building.At present,the first two modes are generally adopted by colleges and universities,but they are not basic modes because the mode of reading and thinking could restrict students' innovative spirit,and the mode of science and technology innovation is the mode of technology innovation and not the mode of science innovation.The mode of reading and thinking isn't paid attention to by colleges and universities,but it should become basic mode of study-atmosphere building.Through reading high-caliber composition and pondering in the manner of criticism and reflection,this mode can satisfy the demand of higher education training innovative person.


K-company, being in charge of domestic railway construction and facilities management, got a success rate of 41% with the implement of a improvement scheme by prosecuting of 6 Sigma and the achievement of CTQ (Success criteria : more than 0.5 in achievement of CTQ). It is clear that the factors having an effect on achievement of CTQ are the level of project when pushing forward the project(Big Y and small y according to the scope of the work), the degree of interest of an officer in charge like sponsors, and the continuous feedback toward the implement of a improvement scheme. For improvement CTQ achievement, firstly redefine about a type of project. Secondly, derive small y by Big Y and derives a unit work by small y. Then grouping the unit works and achieve Big Y by performing of every unit work as an executive subject. Thirdly organize a committee of subject selection which is supervised by the general manager. Therefore exhibit staff"s leadership, for example motivation, by strong incentives. Lastly, provide ongoing learning and enhance system monitoring about a result management of an betterment execution department.


Promoter Interleukin-13 (IL-13) has received considerable attention as a central mediator in allergic responses (1). The existence of inter-individual differences in IL-13 production capacity, together with the association of the 5q31-35 region—which includes the gene for IL-13, with atopy and asthma (2)—prompted speculation about the presence of functionally relevant polymorphism in the IL-13 gene. In their search for genetic heterogeneity in the IL-13 gene, Anderson et al. (3) analyzed the IL-13 promoter region from 21039 to 180 in 129 individuals (33 healthy and 96 with minimal-change nephropathy). Single-strand conformation analysis indicated the absence of polymorphisms, a finding that caused Anderson et al. (3) to doubt the significance of the IL-13 promoter as a susceptibility locus for atopy or for any associated conditions. Similar findings were reported by Wills-Karp and Rosenwasser in a response (4). We examined the IL-13 promoter region from 21360 to 2108 in 208 individuals (107 healthy and 101 with allergic asthma). At position 21055, immediately adjacent to a consensus NFAT binding site, we identified a C to T transition polymorphism. Analysis of the distribution of the 21055 C to T polymorphism revealed an increased frequency of the homozygous TT genotype in the allergic asthma group (13/101) compared to the nonatopic individuals (2/107) (RR 6.9, P 5 0.002). Moreover, the 21055 TT genotype is associated with altered regulation of IL-13 production and increased binding of nuclear proteins, indicating its functional significance. Therefore, our data argue in favor of a role of the IL-13 promoter as a susceptibility locus in allergic asthma (5).


A mortgage loan comes with the option to prepay (part of) the full amount of the loan before the end of the contract. This is called mortgage prepayment, and poses a risk to the bank issuing the mortgage due to the loss of future interest payments. This thesis reviews some general properties of artificial neural networks, which are then applied to predict prepayment probabilities on mortgage loans. The Universal Approximation Theorem for neural networks with continuous activation functions will be treated extensively. Suggestions for a prepayment model based on neural networks are made. Title: Using Artificial Neural Networks in the Calculation of Mortgage Prepayment Risk Author: Robben Riksen, firstname.lastname@example.com, 10188258 Supervisor: dr. P.J.C Spreij Daily supervisor: dr. B. Wemmenhove, dr. P.W. den Iseger Second Examiner: dr. Asma Khedher Examination date: August 22, 2017 Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics University of Amsterdam Science Park 105-107, 1098 XG Amsterdam http://kdvi.uva.nl ABN AMRO Bank N.V. Gustav Mahlerlaan 1


The 3D state of strongly correlated electrons is proposed, which in the external magnetic field $\vec B$ exhibits the fractional quantum Hall effect, with the zero temperature conductivity tensor $\sigma_{ij} = (e^2/h)(1/m) \sum_k \epsilon_{ijk} B^k/\mid \vec B\mid $. The analog of Landau and Laughlin states in 3D are given using quaternion coordinates as generalization of complex coordinates. We discuss the notion of the fractional statistics in 3D introduced recently by Haldane.


The reform of classroom teaching and the traditional teaching require teachers to have different ways of understanding the discipline.It is the limitations which shield teachers' view,they also imprison the teachers understand,limit the ability of teachers,and become a serious restriction of classroom teaching reform as a major bottleneck.Class teaching reform is an important breakthrough in the disciplines:to contain the subject understanding as the important aspect of teacher training,Firstly,we need to change the perception from the bottom,change the understanding the teacher on subjects such as the essence and soul,subject structure and subject core ability and basic knowledge.


CD8 +Foxp3 +regulatory T cells (CD8 Treg) correspond to a very low frequency population which can be observed during GVHD at early stage or in some cancer types. However, in vitro, around 30–60% of CD8 can express Foxp3 after induction culture with TCR stimulation and TGF-β (iCD8Treg). Why in healthy mice and humans this cell population has very low or non-frequency been still an unresolved question. In vitro, iCD8Tregs can suppress effector cells in a similar way as iCD4Treg. However, in vivo, in the IBD model, we observed that in contrast to iCD4Treg, iCD8Treg lose the Foxp3 expression and consequently their suppressive function. Also, iCD8Treg increase the IFN-γ production. These results suggest that iCD8Treg are not able to maintain the Foxp3 expression in comparison with iCD4Treg cells. What signaling pathway is responsible for the Foxp3 losing in iCD8Treg? We found a positive correlation between Foxp3 maintenance and cyclosporin A (CSA) concentration, and a reduction of IFN-γ in culture in iCD8Treg, but not for iCD4Treg. We evaluated the effect of CSA, an NFAT inhibitor, on the Tregs induction culture (with TGF-β) in the CD8 cells and found that there was no increase of Foxp3 expression. These results suggest that NFAT signaling plays a role in the Foxp3 maintenance but not in the induction of the iCD8Treg and this role is different from iCD4 Tregs.


Abstract The present paper concentrates on microscale influences in the fatigue crack growth stage. Research into the area of fatigue crack growth exposed to load transient effects not only aids fatigue-life predictions but also adds to a fundamental understanding of fatigue-damage mechanisms. The present results refer to tests carried out on Al alloys and stainless steel.


Recently the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) in the treatment of ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction has been intensively studied.Although its efficacy has been supported by the majority of the animal studies and some clinical trials,it is still not possible to draw the conclusion that G-CSF can definitely bring benefits to patients with myocardial infarction.Moreover,the exact mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been fully understood.This review aims to show the progress in the research into G-CSF in the treatment of ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction in both preclinical and clinical trials,and also summarizes recently documented mechanisms.


Computer network auxiliary teaching system based on B/S offers a systematic,overall and highly effective WEB auxiliary teaching platform to teachers and students which incorporating lots of functions into an organic whole,such as system,user management,relevant educational resource,user intercommunion and examination management and so on.


On first seeing the title of this book, a logical reaction from any linguist would be "Who needs another introductory text?" The answer is that this is a text with a difference, and one that is suitable for a rather different market than that addressed by most of the current well-known introductory texts (e.g., Akmajian et al 1984, Fromkin and Rodman 1983, Clark et al 1985). The main part of the text is only 200 pages long (which already distinguishes it from the other texts), and yet there are 20 chapters, with the obvious consequence that each chapter is fairly short. The range of topics covered is also larger than in most introductory texts, with the net result that the core areas (phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics) receive relatively less treatment than in other texts, a point to be returned to later. A list of chapter titles (in their order of presentation) conveys this range of topics: "The Origins of Language", "The Development of Writing", "The Properties of Language", "Animals and Human Language", "The Sounds of Language", "The Sound Patterns of Language", "Words and Word-Formation Processes", "Morphology", "Phrases and Sentences: Grammar", "Syntax", "Semantics and Pragmatics", "Discourse Analysis", "Language and Machines", "Language and the Brain", "First Language Acquisition", "Second Language Acquisition/Learning", "Sign Language", "Language History and Change", "Language Varieties", and "Language, Society and Culture." Thus Yule also follows the most common order of presentation within the core (i.e., phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics). Each chapter ends with five study questions (simple content questions on the chapter, with suggested answers at the back of the book), four discussion topics/projects ("an opportunity to apply some of the analytic procedures presented, to consider some of the controversies which exist in the study of individual topics, and to try to focus . . . opinions on different language-related issues" (ix)), and a concise yet well-chosen "further reading". The chapters themselves are skillfully linked, with the last paragraph of each generally leading into the topic of the next chapter.


This manual includes geothermal fluid chemistry, corrosion test data, and materials operating experience. Systems using geothermal energy in El Salvador, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, and the United States are described. The manual provides materials selection guidelines for surface equipment of future geothermal energy systems. The key chemical species that are significant in determining corrosiveness of geothermal fluids are identified. The utilization modes of geothermal energy are defined as well as the various physical fluid parameters that affect corrosiveness. Both detailed and summarized results of materials performance tests and applicable operating experiences from forty sites throughout the world are presented. The application of various non-metal materials in geothermal environments are discussed. Included in appendices are: corrosion behavior of specific alloy classes in geothermal fluids, corrosion in seawater desalination plants, worldwide geothermal power production, DOE-sponsored utilization projects, plant availability, relative costs of alloys, and composition of alloys. (MHR)


The dependence of the peeling strength on the peeling rate is treated in this paper rheologically. First we showed experimentally that the time-temperature superposition principle is applicable to the S-type curve of the peeling strength vs, the rate for the amorphous polymer films (Vinylite) of various plasticizer (DBP) contents above glass transition temperature (Tg). The dependence of the shift factor aT on the temperature obeyed the W. L. F. equation giving reference temperature Ts considerably lower than Tg+50°, where Tg is measured dilatometrically. This means that the fractional free volume at Tg is larger than 0.025, in our case showing 0.037. This discrepancy is explained by the theory of Ferry and Stratton on the increase of fractional free volume due to the extension of polymers of Poisson's ratio less than 1/2. The apparent activation energy at Ts evaluated from the dependence of log aT on temperature, are 46.5-33kcal/mol for samples of plasticizer contents 0-40%, which are reasonable values for the viscous flow of the polymer segments. From these experimental results we conclude that the dependence of the peeling strength on the rate is substantially rheological in character, and that the course of peeling is not governed by the electrostatic mechanism as proposed by Deryagin et al.Secondly, we derived a theoretical formula relating to the peeling strength to the rate of peeling in adhesive tapes, assuming that the adhesive layer is deformed locally only at the peeling end, and its rhelogical behavior is described by the simple Voigt model. It is also assumed for simplicity that the shape of the bend at the peeling end is regarded as a part of a circle of radius R, which is determined by the peeling force P as R=√EoI/P, and that the deformation is vertical to the adherend surface. If the peeling proceeds steadily with velocity v, we may represent the initial and proceeding stage after time t of peeling with two circles whose centers are at (O, R) and (vt, R). Then the elongation of the adhesive layer at the origin, y, is given as a function of v, R, and t, with its time derivative, dy/dt, as a function of v, R, and y. Introducing this into Voigt's equation and integrating the equation dW=fdy from f=0 to f=fb where fb means the critical surface force, we obtain work of deformation, Wd, at the adhesion break. In the work of deformation, elastic energy We must be reserved. Put Wd'=Wd-We, then the sum of Wa, work of adhesion, and Wd' equals to the work done by the applied force, that is Wa+Wd'=P(1-cosθ), where θ is peeling angle. Carrying necessary calculation with some reasonable approximations, we obtain the following equation in the case of L-peeling (θ=π/2), P-C1P1/4v+C2P1/2v2=Wa, C1=2√2h1/2/3(EoI)1/4·(fb/E)3/2η, C2=2/(EoI)1/2(η/E)2fb, where Eo is Young's modulus of polymer film which determines the curvature at the peeling end, I, its moment of inertia, h, the thickness of the adhesive layer, η and E, viscosity coefficient and Young's modulus of the adhesive. This equation represents well the S-type curve of logP vs.


Although 'stance' and 'evaluation' are closely related theoretical constructs, they have typically been analysed in fundamentally different ways. Stance is normally described in terms of explicit l...


Introduction: Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness that has effect on cognitive and social functioning of a person who suffers it. Recent research points out that social cognition subprocesses, such as Theory of Mind, social perception or emotional processing, have to do with some problems that patients show in their social adjustment. Aim: Assessing ability of recognizing mental states from facial expressions in schizophrenia patients compared to a control group. Subjects and methods: 17 stable schizophrenia patients who are aware of the illness and 17 healthy people, with the same age and sociocultural level, took the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test Revised Version of Baron- Cohen. Results: Compared with the control group, subjects with schizophrenia showed much lower scores. Conclusions: It is confirmed that schizophrenia patients have impairments to understand facial expressions, especially from the eyes. That is typical of this illness, so it is necessary to do interventions at that point. Furthermore, inability to recognize emotions, as a domain of social cognition, contributes to deficit in functional outcome in schizophrenia. Finally, some treatment programs are put forward.


4113 Background: Gemcitabine, cisplatin and durvalumab followed by maintenance durvalumab is standard of care first-line (1L) therapy for patients (pts) with advanced BTC. In this trial, we investigated the combination of a PARP inhibitor with anti-PD1 antibody in absence of progression after at least 4 months of standard 1L platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: Pts with advanced BTC, ECOG PS 0-1 and absence of progression on 1L platinum-based therapy were enrolled on a phase 2 trial to receive rucaparib 600 mg PO BID in combination with nivolumab 240 mg IV Q2 weeks every 28 days for up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was 4-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate from the date of first study treatment with an alternative hypothesis of 85%. Secondary endpoints included median PFS and overall survival (OS) from first study treatment (PFS1, OS1) as well as from start date of first-line chemotherapy (PFS2, OS2), best overall response, and safety. Results: 31 pts were enrolled of which 14 (45%) were women, 25 (80.6%) Caucasian and 24 (77.64%) with ECOG 1. Primary disease site was intrahepatic, extrahepatic hilar and distal, and gallbladder cancer in 21 (67.7%), 4 (12.9%), 1 (3.2%) and 4 (12.9%), respectively. 1L platinum-based treatment included gemcitabine/cisplatin based in 26 (83.9%), FOLFOX in 3 (9.7%) and carboplatin/paclitaxel in 1 (3.2%) pts. Mean (range) cycles of rucaparib and nivolumab were 6.75 (1-24) and 5.9 (1-24). The median follow-up time is 28.7 months using reverse censoring methodology. PFS rate at 4 months was 54.8% (95% CI, 36-70.3), comparable to the 63% null estimate based on ABC-02 trial. Median PFS1 and OS1 are estimated to be 4.6 months (95% CI, 3.7-6.2) and 15.9 months (95% CI, 9.8-24.1). Median PFS2 and OS2 calculated from date of 1L chemotherapy are estimated as 9.9 months (95% CI, 8.3-11.3) and 21.4 months (95% CI, 14.8-26.7). Two (6.4%) pts had partial response (with IDH R132G and KRAS G12D) as best response with stable disease in an additional 22 (71%) pts. Grade 3-5 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 15 (48.4%) pts, including 1 patient who died on therapy due to possibly-related immune-related myocarditis. The most common grade 2 or greater TRAEs included fatigue (9, 29.0%), anemia (7, 22.6%), neutropenia (6, 19.3%), elevated AST (5, 16.1%) and elevated ALT (4, 12.9%). Reasons for treatment discontinuation included death (2), progression (27), adverse event (1) while 1 patient completed 2 years of study treatment. Conclusions: The primary endpoint of PFS rate at 4 months was not met but the preliminary measures of PFS1 and OS1 are much longer than expected, and hypothesis generating for rational combination of PARP inhibitor with maintenance immunotherapy in this rare cancer. Exploratory endpoint of association of genomic analysis with efficacy is ongoing and will be discussed. Clinical trial information: NCT03639935 .


Approximate computing is a design way that sacrifices certain accuracy in exchange for circuit performance. The purpose is to reduce the circuit area, delay and power dissipation. In this paper, an approximate adder design method for Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) is proposed. The method mainly consists of three parts: (1) Building a library of inexact full adders with the parameters of error characteristic and area. (2) Using genetic algorithm to choose different approximate full adders for multi-bits RCAs under error distance constraints. (3) Error distance calculation by disjoint sharp product operation with logic cover. Compared with accurate RCA, the circuit area optimization of multi-bits approximate adder proposed in this paper can reach 36.21% when the mean error distance and normalized error distance are less than 1%.


⎯ A modularised model, based on the Mixture of Experts (ME) algorithm for time series prediction, is introduced. A set of connectionist models learn to be local experts over some phases of the trajectory in the state space, so the trajectory-regression task is divided into some simple ones and precise approximation is expected. The dynamics for tracking the local experts is Markovian, where the phases of the trajectory are regarded as the states of a HMM. The state transition on the Markov chain is the process of the underlying system evolving from one phase to another on the trajectory, it is also the process of activating a different local expert or activating some of them simultaneously by different probabilities. The transition probabilities of the hidden Markov model (HMM) are designed to be time-varying and a modified Baum–Welch algorithm is introduced for the learning of the " time-line " HMM. Two versions of the model, based on Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) structured experts, have been constructed and demonstrated with two chaotic time series on one-step-ahead prediction. Experiments show this time-varying approach achieves better generalization performance than the corresponding global models.


Presentation of Case First admission. A 47-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hematuria. When he was three years of age a murmur had been heard. Sixteen years before admission bilateral prefrontal lobotomies had been performed because of chronic schizophrenia. Six years later, because of congestive heart failure, he underwent an aortic valvuloplasty under hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass; a bicuspid aortic valve with dense calcification and tight aortic stenosis were found. There was symptomatic improvement for several years. Five years before entry a state of chronic, mild, compensated hemolysis was documented by the finding of a normal hematocrit . . .