The enormous growth potential of Internet markets in emerging economies has attracted many established Internet firms to set up a presence. Unfortunately, anecdotal evidence suggests that in many emerging markets like China, Russia, and Brazil, users have a clear preference for domestic over foreign Internet services. Why do users choose domestic Internet services over more internationally known and accepted foreign ones? Are these services technically superior in terms of meeting the users' requirements, or are there other social factors that drive this preference? The answers to these questions have not been adequately investigated. In "Understanding Chinese Users' Preference for Domestic over Foreign Internet Services," Lih-Bin Oh and Yao Zhang provide a framework that incorporates technical and social factors affecting users' choice of Internet services. The authors surveyed Internet users in the Chinese cities of Beijing and Xiamen across four Internet service categories of instant messaging, auction, search engine, and portal. These users were asked to provide comparative assessments of domestic and foreign Internet services. The authors discovered that superior technical quality comprising of content localization, extent of information fit-to-task, service responsiveness, service innovativeness, and service reliability will lead to preference for domestic service. The implication arising from this finding is that foreign Internet service firms should pay attention to the localization of content and adapting their services to fit the needs of their local market. They should also improve the responsiveness and reliability of their services through the establishment of local technical infrastructure and more importantly, responsible and responsive local operation teams to support their services. Besides these technical aspects, foreign Internet service firms should also ramp up their marketing efforts to increase user awareness. This is because research findings indicate that the influence from other users through word of mouth is an important predictor for preference and that perceived globalness of foreign Internet service is negatively related to preference for domestic Internet service. Perhaps the most unexpected finding of the study is that the level of consumer ethnocentrism has no effect on preference. Contrary to common beliefs that consumers in developing countries hold strong nationalistic sentiments toward product and service choices, the findings indicate that this does not seem to apply when it comes to Internet services. This provides an encouraging signal to aspiring foreign Internet service firms intending to enter an emerging market that they would not be disadvantaged due to this factor. Taken together, the research provides some insights for both domestic and foreign Internet service firms with an understanding of the determinants that affect Internet users' preference. The country-of-origin effect is a marketing phenomenon that has been researched to a great extent. This phenomenon can roughly be defined as the extent to which the place of manufacturing influences consumers' product evaluations. Consumers have different attitudes toward different products manufactured in various countries. Preconceived notions and opinions form a large portion of the decision-making


Magnetics design is a major factor within the design of any high-power converter due to its large volume, weight, and cost. Typically inductor design is a time-consuming iterative process. Therefore, any technique which speeds this process up will help reducing the time spent for the design. As such this paper discusses typical inductor design, and proposes a population based optimization technique for a high power inductor for an EV/HEV application. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization technique will be used to design inductors implementing powdered iron core (FeSi) with rectangular wire and ferrite core with litz wire at different operating frequencies and for different number of phases for a 40kW nominal, 60kW peak bidirectional DC-DC boost converter. The comparison will show what phase number at what operating frequency provides the lowest inductor volume. This paper will also discuss a lumped parameter thermal network for the core temperature estimation which will be used within the Genetic Algorithm.


Computational modeling of 3D chromatin plays an important role in understanding the principles of genome organization. We discuss methods for modeling 3D chromatin structures, with focus on a minimalistic polymer model which inverts population Hi-C into high-resolution, high-coverage single-cell chromatin conformations. Utilizing only basic physical properties such as nuclear volume and no adjustable parameters, this model uncovers a few specific Hi-C interactions (15-35 for enhancerrich loci in human cells) that can fold chromatin into individual conformations consistent with single-cell imaging, Dip-C, and FISH-measured genomic distance distributions. Aggregating an ensemble of conformations also reproduces population Hi-C interaction frequencies. Furthermore, this single-cell modeling approach allows quantification of structural heterogeneity and discovery of specific many-body units of chromatin interactions. This minimalistic 3D chromatin polymer model has revealed a number of insights: 1) chromatin scaling rules are a result of volume-confined polymers; 2) TADs form as a byproduct of 3D chromatin folding driven by specific interactions; 3) chromatin folding at many loci is driven by a small number of specific interactions; 4) cell subpopulations equipped with different chromatin structural scaffolds are developmental stage-dependent; and 5) characterization of the functional landscape and epigenetic marks of many-body units which are simultaneously spatially co-interacting within enhancer-rich, euchromatic regions. The implications of these findings in understanding the genome structure-function relationship are also discussed.


The article considers the problem of the relations between modernity and secularization. The author argues that the discourse on secularization is the most appropriate strategy for modern self-understanding. The discourse itself is not homogeneous. One approach is a classical theory of secularization, which considers the secularization as a universal world-historical process, which passed the stages "modernization – secularization – rationalization." Other approach is to interpret modern society as a post-secular society, but with relevance to religious ethos. This approach considers Modernity as a unique social reality with a specific type of rationality and a set of behavioral strategies, which were formed as a result of the transformation (secularization) of religious social reality, the center of which was a Christian myth. Accordingly, modernization becomes the result of secularization, and not vice versa, as the proponents of the first approach assumed. The thematization in the discourse on the secularization of a new type of society, which J. Habermas called post-secular society, demonstrates a crisis of principles constituting the Modernity's foundations. Predictions of the epoch of an irreligious society did not come true, and secular reason is now forced to reckon with other types of rationality and take them into account, including in public space. This situation suggests that we are witnessing the birth of a new form of social reality. Thus, the article concludes: (1) discourse on secularization is recognized as the most adequate strategy of the comprehension of Modernity; (2) secularization should be viewed as a consistent detranscendentalization of Christian social reality; (3) the emergence of a post-secular society indicates fundamental transformations in the field of the most general ideas about the nature of cultural mind and cultural identities.


Power flow calculation is a fundamental tool for all kinds of studies in power s ystems. However, in practical system, some original data may be uncertain such a s the load. Hence, calculating power flow with uncertain loads i s important and practical. This paper presents a method to solve the power flow problem with uncertain loads using interval arithmetic. Based on interval mathem atics, an expression of the power flow model with interval variables, is propose d and the power flow calculation with Krawczyk-Moore interval iterative method. Finally, interval power flow result on Ward Hale 6-bus system is shown.


Although granulocyte signatures have been associated with SLE severity, their role in SLE has been poorly understood due to the suboptimal methods for granulocyte recovery from peripheral blood. An automated microfluidic technology (Sorterra™ prototype) was used to isolate all leukocytes with minimal platelet (PLT) or red blood cell (RBC) contamination to assess the cell subsets.
 Leukocytes were isolated from peripheral blood collected from healthy donors (HD) and SLE patients (3 female, 3 male in each group) using Sorterra, RBC lysis, or Ficoll®. Viability and recovery of each leukocyte subset was evaluated by cell counter and flow cytometry.
 Sorterra recovered 92±4% of leukocytes from HD and SLE samples with negligible RBC/PLT/microparticle (MP) contamination, whereas Ficoll isolated 35±15% of leukocytes, losing nearly all the granulocytes and retaining a substantial level of RBC/PLT/MP. With RBC lysis, up to 65% of neutrophils and 41% of eosinophils were lost in the process. Sorterra recovered more monocytes (~80%) than Ficoll (p<0.05). The recovery of lymphocytes by Sorterra (~90%) was not different from Ficoll or RBC lysis. The recovery of T and B cell subsets, NK, and NKT cells, was also not different among the isolation methods. The viability of Sorterra isolated leukocytes was significantly higher than the Ficoll isolated cells.
 The Sorterra prototype was superior to RBC lysis and Ficoll in recovering total leukocytes with high viability and ease of use and provided a more consistent leukocyte isolate from HD and SLE patients than other methods. The ability to recover granulocytes in their native state is unmatched by existing technologies and enables future studies to better elucidate the role of granulocytes in SLE development.


INTRODUCTION: The frequency of dengue and its complications has hyperbolic over the past few years, particularly
in rural Karnataka. Owing to the wide spectrum of clinical presentation, unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome,
especially in children, early prediction of Dengue infection during any febrile illness, using clinical and laboratory markers, is essential for
initiating early appropriate management and to prevent morbidity and mortality. Informe METHODOLOGY: d consent was taken from parents
before enrolling in study. A clinical history, physical examination and relevant baseline investigations were done for all the cases. A pre- structured
proforma was used to record the clinical data and laboratory parameters from individual case selected for the study. Among the RESULTS:
clinical predictive markers, the sensitivities of myalgia, nausea/vomiting, anorexia, ushing and hepatomegaly were 58%, 57%, 44.5%, 43% and
39.5% while the specicities for above features were 58%, 83.75%, 61.25%, 82.5% and 66.25% respectively. The clinical CONCLUSION:
predictive markers were of myalgia, nausea/vomiting and ushing.


Abstract In the present paper we report on a sensitive technique for determining anions by means of ion exchange chromatography. The method is suitable for use in the analysis of anion content in atmospheric aerosols. Photometric detection, both direct and indirect is used. Although the direct photometry technique is more sensitive, it does not permit analysis of sulphates. Moreover, indirect photometry does not allow us to measure the levels of bromide in atmospheric aerosols due to its low concentration. These levels are successfully determined by direct photometry. Indirect photometry has the disadvantage that it presents a system peak which may overlap with the peaks of nitrate or sulphate, which do not appear in direct photometry. Nevertheless, if sulphates and bromides need to be analyzed simultaneously, both techniques seem to be complementary. Finally, the possible advantages which this kind of analysis may provide for the understanding and characterization of atmospheric aerosols are also considered.


Ventilator-associated pneumonia carries a high mortality rate, yet accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment still present a dilemma. Causative agents depend on source, ventilation duration and previous antimicrobial therapy. Despite invasive diagnostic techniques, microbiological findings correlate with histological diagnosis in only 50% of cases, particularly in the presence of antiboitic therapy.


In Spring 2017, Southampton and Portsmouth Sexual Health Services (SHSs) replaced an overstretched walk-in service with a telephone-triage service: patients calling that were symptomatic, vulnerable or at high risk of having an STI were invited into a clinic, whereas others were signposted to remote self-sample NHS postal testing services. This study aimed to establish whether patient care was disadvantaged by the introduction of the triage service. Electronic patient notes for all patients attending for treatment of gonorrhoea for two years before and for two years after the service change were interrogated; the site of infection and duration of symptoms before testing were compared. Of all patients attending for treatment of gonorrhoea in the study period, 499 patients (39% of cases) were symptomatic at testing: 364 had urethral symptoms, 45 had rectal symptoms and 18 had pharyngeal symptoms. 72.4% of patients with urethral symptoms were seen after the introduction of the triage system. Median wait times for patients with urethral symptoms rose from 6 (IQR = 3–7) to 7 (IQR = 3.75–14) days – although this increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.064). There was not a statistically significant difference between the rectal symptom groups (p = 0.422) and too few patients attended with pharyngeal symptoms to warrant analysis. Despite some outliers, the telephone-triage service did not increase wait times for patients attending STI services with symptomatic gonorrhoea and may have inadvertently increased access to services for those most at risk.


The cascaded hydroelectric stations should not only satisfy the demand of power systems but also consider the coordination of generation and water consumption to maximize the comprehensive profits.A novel long-term multi-objective optimization scheduling model of cascaded hydroelectric stations is proposed,which comprehensively takes the annual power generation and water consumption as optimal objectives.The multi-objective problem is fuzzed by defining the membership degree function of each objective and solving every single objective model.The decision maker may slightly adjust the objective value of each single objective.The multi-objective problem is changed into single objective nonlinear programming problem by using the fuzzy satisfaction-maximizing method.A SAPSO(Self-Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm which can dynamically adjust the inertia factor is built up.Simulation results show that the multi-objective model is correct and the proposal approach is feasible.The multi-objective model can achieve better comprehensive profits than the single-objective model,and the fuzzy optimal method avoids the contrived randomicity in objective weight selection.SAPSO has rapid computational speed and higher convergence accuracy.


The view of honor disgrace not only indicate the direction of the growth for the contemporary college students,but also provide guidance to the policy and measures of the ideological and moral construction and the construction result for the college students.At present,the college students' main current of the ideological and moral condition heads up healthily,but some college students can not tell right from wrong,good from evil,beautiful from ugly.Therefore,strengthening the moral construction of college students must take the honor and disgrace view as key point,make the honor and disgrace view education and the college students ideological and political education,teacher virtuous construction,the campus culture construction,the prize and punishment mechanism construction and college students ego education together,thus continuously push forward the ideological and moral construction of the college students.


Abstract Background In some developing countries, people have little knowledge about the causes of diabetic foot ulcers. Therefore, public health education for patients on these conditions is a prerequisite for effective pharmacological treatment. Diabetic foot ulcers are a complex symptom of diabetes and are hard to cure due to the lack of efficacious medicine and alternative treatment approaches. Vitamin A (VA) is known to have potent biological functions, including skin repair and immunoregulation. However, the potential pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of VA on foot ulcers are still to be discovered. Methods By using bioinformatic/computational analyses, including network pharmacology, gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, we aimed to identify and reveal the pharmacological targets, molecular mechanisms, biological functions, and signaling pathways of VA in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Results A total of 66 intersection genes were identified as candidate targets of VA, which are related to diabetic foot ulcers. Therein, 18 core genes/targets, namely JUN, MAPK1, THRB, MAPK14, MTNR1B, CXCR3, ESR1, AR, HDAC1, IL-10, CNR1, DRD2, EGFR, ADRA2A, CCND1, RXRB, RARA, and RXRA, were further identified. Furthermore, the biological processes, cell components, and molecular functions which may underlie the effects of VA against diabetic foot ulcers were characterized. Conclusion Based on our findings, we concluded that the pharmacological effects of VA on diabetic foot ulcers primarily involve the promotion of cellular regeneration and proliferation and the inhibition of inflammatory response. The core genes/targets may potentially serve as promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcers.


Hopes were rising in Cancun this week that an interim climate deal could be reached by politicians from 193 countries.

As the BMJ went to press on Tuesday, wide differences remained between rich and poor nations on key issues, but negotiators were aiming for an unambitious but pragmatic agreement to take forward to next year's concluding summit in South Africa.

Several problems—or "roadblocks" in diplomatic jargon—remained to be worked out at the midpoint of the talks. The thorniest was how to persuade Japan, Canada, and Russia to soften their hardline stance not to sign up to a second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, the …


We present a study on the use of state-of-the-art distributed sensing systems to extract temperature and vibration information from existing single-mode, optical fibre infrastructure in Cyprus (~25-year-old installation); as a means of optical fibre distributed sensing. In this study, we have focused on the underground optical fibres of the Electricity Authority Cyprus (EAC). The optical fibres have been selected to be collocated with existing underground power distribution cables that are sited in and around Nicosia, for the purpose of monitoring power cable joints that are prone to failure, along with general monitoring for unusual behaviour and potential cable fault conditions. Three state-of-the-art distributed sensing systems have been deployed to run in parallel, on the same optical cable branch and all optimised for use with single-mode fibre. The underground power cables were monitored using a fast Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer (BOTDR, with temperature and vibration measurement capability), a Distributed Temperature Sensor (Silixa, single-mode DTS) and an intelligent Distributed Acoustic Sensor (Silixa, iDAS). The results include calibration methods performed under controlled laboratory conditions for the fibres under test, prior to field deployment. The field data, recovers both temperature and vibration measurements over a 3-month period the results of which will be presented.


Touching and influence of Internet on the cognition of political culture are chiefly shown in the sense of the state, state sovereignty, political control and political ethics. There exist in network age also the inadequacies in political ethics, political administration, political control, etc. After analysing three political ideals in network age, the author has some opionions as follows: protect national culture and avoid the fall of political front; enforce legislation and adopt necessary political control,restore political system within the framework of ethics, purify and promote moral action of government, which are the essential ways of modem politics.


In this paper, a Differential Evolution-Maximum Likelihood Algorithm (DEML) is proposed for the drag coefficient identification in high-spin projectile with insensitively initial value selection. The differential evolution method is utilized to replace newton iterative gradient optimization in maximum likelihood estimation theory to improve the accuracy of coefficient identification. And experiment atmosphere data is used to produce the simulation flight data with external disturbances. Based on the flight data, identification simulation results show the effective performance and low-sensitive initial value selection with the DEML method.


Supernova (SN) 2004et is the eighth historical SN in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 6946. Here we report on early photometric and spectroscopic monitoring of this object. SN 2004et is a Type II event, exhibiting a plateau in its light curves, but its spectral and color evolution appear to differ significantly from those of other, more normal Type II plateau (II‐P) SNe. We have analyzed Canada‐France‐Hawaii Telescope images of the host galaxy taken prior to the SN explosion, identifying a candidate progenitor for the SN. The star's absolute magnitude and intrinsic color imply that it was a yellow, rather than red, supergiant star, with an estimated zero‐age main‐sequence mass of 15+5-2 M⊙. Although this mass estimate is consistent with estimates and upper limits for the progenitors of other, more normal SNe II‐P, the SN 2004et progenitor's unusual color could further imply a preexplosion evolutionary history analogous to, but less extreme than, that for the progenitors of the peculiar Type II‐P SN 1987A or the Type IIb SN 1993J. The identity of the progenitor candidate needs to be verified when the SN has significantly dimmed.


Discharge of failure was the fault type are likely to occur in transformers, bushings, transformers, and the extent of damage to the equipment is a serious and direct impact on the stable operation of the system, first introduced the principle and gas chromatographic analysis its test methods, then gas chromatography equipment discharge failure is how to judge the conduct described. Through the analysis of transformer oil chromatographic method can be found as early as possible transformers and other equipment inside the existence of latent failures, thus chromatography is to oversee and guarantee the safe operation of an important means of transformer.


Objective:Slowly activating delayed rectifier potassium currents(IKs)are the main component of the repolarization of cardiac myocytes.The present study was to evaluate the effects of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)on the mRNA level of IKs of both epicardial and endocardial myocytes.Method:A total of 16 rabbits were divided randomly into sham group and LVH group.LVH was induced by partial ligation of abdominal aorta.Sham group underwent a similar surgical procedure without aortic ligation.Expression of KvLQT1(α-subunit of IKs)and minK(β-subunit of IKs)was measured by the RT-PCR technique.Result:In the sham group,expression of KvLQT1(α-subunit of IKs)was 2.5 times in epicardium than endocardium,while expression of minK(β-subunit of IKs)was 3.3 times in epicardium than endocardium.Compared with sham group,in LVH group,expression of KvLQT1(α-subunit of IKs)was decreased 40% and 25% in epicardium and endocardium,respectively,while expression of minK(β-subunit of IKs)was decreased 50% and 33% in epicardium and endocardium,respectively.Conclusion:There are transmural differences in the expression of KvLQT1 and mink,which encode IKs.LVH could cause inhomogeneities of the mRNA expression of IKs reduced between endocardium and epicardium.


Identification and prevention of bio - deterioration by microorganisms in archaeological site is a big challenge for most archaeologists and conservators. Until recently, information about microbial bio - deterioration and bio - degradation at in - site archaeological and cultural relics excavation site has been quite limited. A cemetery of Xizhou dynasty in Dahekou, Yicheng, Shanxi province was used as an example, to explore techniques for rapidly detecting and possibly preventing microbial bio - deterioration in archaeological sites. After microscope examination at the locale followed by molecular biological identification in the laboratory, the dominant members of the fungal community that pollute the soil at the archaeological excavation site were identified. Most of the fungal belonged to the genera Pseudeurotium, Alternaria, and Plectosphaerella, their clones occupying about 23%, 21% and 18%, respectively, of the entire clone library. The high temperature, relative high humidity, and the low atmosphere exchange rate in the vertical tomb are the main environmental factors causing the massive microbial pollution in the site. This study provides practical information regarding the collection of degrading microorganisms at archaeological excavation sites, and provides a theoretical basis for the prevention of such microbial prevention in the future.


Abstract This paper reports on the EAG and behavioral responses of unmated females, unmated males, and mated females of Batocera horsfieldi (Hope) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to ten plant volatiles. Seven volatiles tested from the host species Viburnum awabuki K., Betula luminifera H. Winkl, Juglans regia L., and Populus tomentosa Carr. were β-myrcene, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, nonanal, dichloromethyl ether, salicyaldehyde, 3-methylbutyric acid, and trichloroethylene. Three volatiles tested from non-host conifers were (1S)-(−)-β-pinene, (1R)-(+)-α-pinene, and (1S)-(−)-α-pinene. The EAG responses of unmated B. horsfieldi females to these ten volatiles were tested at five concentrations (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 0.2 µL/µL). For eight of the volatiles, the EAG responses did not change significantly after their concentration was increased to 0.1 µL/µL. However, the maximum EAG response to 3-methylbutyric acid was at 0.0001 µL/µL and it decreased at higher concentrations. The EAG response to salicyaldehyde increased throughout the range of concentrations. The EAG response of mated females to salicyaldehyde at 0.1 µL/µL was significantly stronger than for unmated females or unmated males. EAG data showed that (1S)-(−)-β-pinene at 0.2 µL/µL had a strong repellent affect on unmated female and unmated male B. horsfieldi adults (P < 0.01). At 0.2 µL/µL, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol had an attractive effect on unmated females (P < 0.05) and salicyaldehyde had an attractive effect on mated female B. horsfieldi adults (P < 0.05) in a Y-tube olfactometer. There was no significant difference in the repellent or attractive effects of dichloromethyl ether, 3-methylbutyric acid, or (1R)-(+)-α-pinene at five concentrations to unmated female or male B. horsfieldi adults.


This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - 217133147/SFB 1073, projects A02, Z02. I.V.M. and S.O. acknowledge finding by the European Union (EFRE).


Abstract A strong critical movement emerged in the mid 1860s based on Auguste Comte's idea of a unified social science. Presented here is the debate over the independence of political economy vis-à-vis the other branches of social science, between Frederic Harrison and John Kells Ingram on the one side, and John Stuart Mill and John Elliot Cairnes on the other. While the independence of political economy was rescued, its policy relevance and public reputation were seriously affected. The positivist reaction helped unintentionally to establish economics with far less relationship to other social disciplines.


For the purpose of development of functional biomimetic coenzyme models, we prepared some new types of chiral 5-deazaflavin derivatives. Syntheses of 5-deazaflavin derivatives possessing a chiral substituent at the C(6) position, and a chiral tertiary asymmetric carbon center at C(5) were achieved in rather satisfactory yield


The author argues the "Humanae Vitae" encyclical is unrealistic in the modern world faced with the pressures of population growth. He suggests that the opposition to the Family Planning Act in Great Britain is partly due to the guilt and embarrassment surrounding sexual relationships. The increasing use of contraception is helping to free women from traditional roles. The Family Planning Act will help to ensure the availability of contraception to women in Britain and at the same time be financially advantageous. The Act is not an opponent of large families but does seek to prevent unwanted pregnancies.


The antibiotic agent gentamicin sulfate is a mixture of several structurally very similar aminoglycosides. The major components of gentamicin are gentamicin C1, C1a, C2 and C2a. These major components were separated by means of column chromatography. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the free bases and the corresponding sulfates were assigned using HMQC, HMBC and selective TOCSY experiments. Additionally, the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the sulfates and hydrochlorides, respectively, of the minor components were assigned. The full assignment of all components of gentamicin is necessary for the quantitative analysis of batches of gentamicin. By means of coupled liquid chromatography–NMR, several different batches were studied, revealing different compositions of batches from various sources. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This book provides up-to-date information on the background to change in Docklands and the impact on a range of issues from housing to transport and from unemployment to architecture. Update is a series primarily intended for advanced students of geography and related subjects in schools, colleges and universities. Each book brings together the important aspects of recent research and up-to-date information and data.


For the underwater environment, path planning is a fundamental issue for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). In order to solve AUV path planning problem in the three dimensional space, a heuristic search method called D*Lite is introduced for its character of quick replanning since underwater environment is not completely known. Firstly, some basic introduction of path planning and three dimensional underwater environment modelling is presented. Then, the basic idea of D*Lite algorithm is given and introduced for AUV path planning. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, simulation results are given in this paper. It can be concluded that for the 3D path planning problem of AUV, D*Lite algorithm can reach a quick replanning result for unexpected obstacles.


A new critical-amplitude relation which holds for one-dimensional quantum ground-state transitions is presented. The relation yields an estimate of the sound velocity which appears in the conformal field theory as an a priori unknown parameter. With the use of this relation, the exponent eta can be explicitly determined from only the scaling fit of the off-critical energy gap. The relation is confirmed in the transverse Ising model, the S= 1/2 anisotropic XY model, and the three-state Potts model.


This project describes the study of computational analysis of two dimensional flows on convertible car roof. The objectives of this study are to analyze and study the effect of pressure coefficient (Cp) and Drag Coefficient (Cd) on convertible car roof. The structure of model of convertible car roof was modelled using Solidworks software and analysis was performed using Ansys software. In this experiment, four model car convertible roofs were developed through Solidworks software based on the ratio of 1:20 of the original size of the vehicle. Then the four models tested in three different wind tunnel to get the best results and very similar to the real situation. The task was done by using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis for expected vehicle speed of 120 km/h. A pressure and drag force was obtained based on inputs from CFD analysis. This pressure and force was used to calculate the pressure coefficient and drag coefficient of the model as a whole. Results showed that the model C has the best compared with other models where the minimum and maximum pressure coefficients for model C is the lowest compared to other models of -0.9267 and 0.0488. While the drag coefficient is 0.6526 for model C. Surface design and roof arches were found to affect the results of this experiment.


In water-cooling refrigerating systems or heat-pump systems,cooling water is used.The quality of water has important effect on the cycle efficiency of the systems.If the water furring is too thick,heat-transfer performance will drop and the pipe may be blocked.So it's necessary to prevent the occurrence of furring.This paper introduces some efficient solutions,which are provided for reference and optimal selection.


Acute administration of MTX suppresses dihydrofolatercductase (DHFR) activity in skin and liver for 8 h, but there is later a reactive increase. Chronic administration is accompanied by increased DHFR, and little tissue storage of MTX‐at least in liver and kidneys. Partial hepatectomy normally stimulates DNA synthesis as regrowth occurs. Simultaneous MTX administration lowers the DHFR response, but increases that of thymidine kinase and of thymidylate synthetase. There is also reduction of deoxyuridine incorporation into hepatic DNA. These results are discussed with reference to the chemistry and treatment of psoriasis.


A novel compact dual band circularly polarized (CP) antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications is presented in this paper. With a conventional metasurface (MS) placed atop a patch radiator two operating frequency bands are obtained. Further, by modifying the unit cell of the MS layer, both the bands at 3.52 GHz and 5.5 GHz give rise to CP radiations. Axial ratio bandwidths (ARBWs) are 2% and 3.63% at the lower and upper frequency bands respectively. The designed structure is low profile and has a gain better than 6 dBi at both the resonant frequencies.


Tracked‐vehicle crewmembers operate in an acoustical environment that is one of the most inhospitable encountered in the U.S. Army. Overall noise levels in the M1A2 Abrams tank and M2A2 Bradley Fighting Vehicle can be well over 100 dBA and can exceed 130 dB in some octave bands. Due to the nature of the crewmembers' duties, speech communication is essential for effective operations and this capability is seriously degraded because of the nature of the noise environment. The Communications Earplug (CEP), consisting of miniature receivers attached to replaceable foam earplugs, is used in Army aviation to provide superior noise attenuation with improved speech communication. The noise attenuation of the DH‐132A Combat Vehicle Crewmans helmet (CVC) when used in conjunction with CEP (measured in accordance with ANSI S12.6‐1997) is reported with an NRR of 27 dB vs 15 dB for the CVC alone. CEPs were installed in the helmets of 77 tracked‐vehicle crewmembers. Following a 6‐month trial period, crewmembers (n=36) reported increased noise attenuation, improved speech communication, and reduced stress when using the CVC‐CEP integration. The CEP is a cost‐effective alternative to expensive active noise reduction helmets currently being fielded for use by tracked‐vehicle crews. [Work supported in part by USACHPPM.]


Objective: To acquire the new clear color phenotype of Aspergillus oryzae by the antisense strategy of siderophore regulation protein (SREP) like gene. Methods: Construct the cDNA library of Aspergillus oryzae RIB40 and amplify the fragment ac7336f from the every EST clone, which had high homology with SREP gene of other species, then construct the eukaryotic expression vector with SREP like gene using antisense strategy. Results: The sequence of this SREP like gene was acquired, the vector was successfully constructed. Conclusion: The deduced amino acid sequence of SREP like gene of Aspergillus oryzae indicated that there is the high homology with those of SREP genes of Penicillium chrysogenum , Neurospora crassa and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.


Elisabeth Subrin's Maria Schneider, 1983 (2022) and Pratibha Parmar's My Name Is Andrea (2022) both use reenactment to reflect on their subjects (Maria Schneider and Andrea Dworkin), women whose artistic and political lives were highjacked by sexual assault. Subrin and Parmar deploy performance in unconventional ways, casting multiple actresses from diverse backgrounds, experimenting with temporal layering, and drawing on unconventional audiovisual archives. There is a core tension, in both projects, between the particularities of embodied experience and the pervasive narratives of violence, trauma, and misogyny that repeat across time. Yet these works use reenactment to reach markedly different conclusions about identity, history, and artistic praxis. Equally striking are the interventions each film makes into feminist history, fashioning explicit and distinct connections between the legacies of the women they depict and a fractious political present.


Objective:To study the relationship between sleep quality and psychosocial factors in prison police officers.Methods:Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),Life Event Scale(LES) and Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ) were used to evaluate the sleep status and psychosocial factors of 2093 prison police officers of Guangdong Province Prison Administration Bureau.Results:Their average score of PSQI was 7.10±22.214.171.124% of them had sleep problems.The scores of PSQI were correlated positively with the scores of N,negative life events,self-blame and rationalization,and negatively with working out a solution.Conclusion:The sleep quality problem of the prison police officers is serious.Their sleep disorder is obviously related to their mood stability,enduring negativity life events and coping style.


This paper presents a new model, noted as (p,m) diagnosable, which can probabilistically model malicious environments in a uniform muwiier. A this paper,a heuristic - iiiference algorithm, an approximate diugiiosability algorithm arid two churacterizdkni theorems of ( p, m) - diagrwsable system are given. The complexity of ( p, m) - diag~losability is examined to be CO - NP-complete. Ail actud example of (p,m) -diugamable system is given too.


Pollen tubes in the styles of the tomato and of other flowering plants can be observed by using the following technic. Styles are fixed in formalin-acetic-80% alcohol (1:1:8) and cleared and softened in a strong (8 N) sodium hydroxide solution. Staining is accomplished in a 0.1% solution of water-soluble aniline blue dye dissolved in 0.1 N, K3PO4. The styles are smeared or are observed whole under a conventional or dissecting microscope by direct illumination with ultraviolet light of a wavelength of about 356 m°. Observations are made in a darkened room. Under these conditions callose fluoresces bright yellow-green and contrasts strongly with the bluish or grayish fluorescence of the stylar tissue. The pollen tubes are outlined by a callose lining and irregularly spaced callose plugs.


To tackle the problem that classic RANSAC (Random Sample Consensus) is limited by the assumption that a single model accounts for all of the data inliers, an algorithm of multi-planar-feature fitting from 3D point cloud based on BaySAC algorithm (Bayes Sample Consensus) is proposed (called multiBaySAC). First, as the mathematical models of most of primitives to be fitted are determinate, a statistical algorithm of hypothesis model parameters histogram is proposed to detect potential planar features. Instead of assuming constant prior probabilities of data points and choosing initial data sets by random as RANSAC, we then implement a conditional sampling method -- BaySAC for robust parameters estimation of potential planar features, by computing the prior probability of each data point and updating the inlier probabilities using simplified Bayes' rule. For the purpose of multiple feature fitting, the sequential application of the above procedure is implemented following the removal of the detected set of inliers. The proposed approach is tested with point cloud data of buildings acquired by RIEGL VZ-400 laser scanner. The results show that the proposed Multi-BaySAC can achieve high computation efficiency and fitting accuracy of multiple planar feature fitting.


ABSTRACT As representative democracy has come under criticism from populists and advocates of 'participatory democracy', parliaments have responded by expanding their engagements throughout the governance process. Parliaments around the world are participating in the development of policy proposals including in dialogue with citizens, the shaping of draft legislation, debate and adoption of legislative proposals, in post-legislative scrutiny, and in government oversight and audit. The article explores the motivators for these enhanced roles, the opportunities and challenges entailed in a parliamentary full-cycle approach, and makes recommendations for parliaments and parliamentary development actors to enable successful implementation of an expanded and deepened role for parliaments as core institutions of representative democracy.


Objective
To investigate the effect of modified vascular reconstruction-encephalo-duro-arterlo-synangiosis (EDAS) on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.

Methods
Clinical data of 5 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases treated by modified EDAS in our hospital from February 2014 to February 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results
The clinical symptoms of 5 patients after modified EDAS were significantly improved as compared with those before EDAS. Based on neurologic function deficit scale scores, 4 patients were cured and one was significantly improved. Meanwhile, all 5 patients were found with extracranial collateral circulation in CTA or/and DSA.

Conclusion
Modified EDAS is an effective method for treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.

Key words:
Ischemic cerebrovascular disease; Encephalo-duro-arterlo-synangiosis; Indication


Summary form only given. A major trend in manufacturing today is the shift from fixed, mass production to customized, flexible manufacturing. The emergence of the Internet and associated software standards is enabling smart production management in a manufacturing enterprise through the integration of the supply chain and customer demand with manufacturing. Such integration requires manufacturing systems to support information integration standards to establish the links between suppliers and customers, design and support, and the factory and enterprise. Future highly connected and networked manufacturing systems need to be robust and flexible. We will summarize learning from a decade of R&D in multi-agent systems to enable highly distributed, autonomous, efficiently cooperating, and asynchronously communicating units of automation. Multi-agent systems are useful in applications where the number of possible configurations for the equipment and control system are too large to accommodate in traditional programming. We will provide illustrative application examples to highlight the domain for the application of multi-agent systems in manufacturing, and conclude with a summary of challenges for widespread application of such systems for flexible manufacturing.


This empirical application investigates the eventual presence of credit constraints using a panel of French farmers. The credit-constrained profit maximization model proposed by Fare, Grosskopf, and Lee is extended in three ways. First, we rephrase the model in terms of directional distance functions to allow duality with the profit function. Second, we model credit constraints in the short-run and investment constraints in the long-run using short- and long-run profit functions. Third, we lag the expenditure constraint one year to account for the separation between planning and production. We find empirical evidence of credit and investment constraints. Financially unconstrained farmers are larger, perform better, and seem to benefit from a virtuous circle where access to financial markets allows better productive choices.


Abstract: The relationship between abundance of rose‐grain aphid Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and leaf chlorophyll content of spring wheat, spring oats and winter barley was investigated. Within production stands of each crop 18–25 plots were established, located at places with different plant quality where aphids were counted on particular leaves of 50–100 tillers, and the leaf chlorophyll content and area were determined. In all stands aphid numbers × tiller−1 increased exponentially with chlorophyll content (r2 = 0.783–0.933). This parallel variation may be explained by increased nitrogen content and assimilate production of vigorous chlorophyll‐rich plants. The aphid numbers on leaves of particular order (within‐plant distribution) were also correlated with leaf chlorophyll content (r2 = 0.373–0.827). However, in oats and barley the analysis of variance of residuals of log aphids × leaf−1 versus leaf chlorophyll regression revealed a significant effect of leaf position (the order of the leaf from the top of the plant). The magnitude of residuals was positively related to leaf size and may be related to the intensity of phloem transport from the source leaves to sink organs.


This work reviews the methods used for the determination of vitamin D in some dairy products (milk and infant formulas) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The low vitamin D contents and the presence of interfering compounds require sample treatment and purification of the extract. The advantages and drawbacks of hot and cold saponification, direct extraction and different types of extract purification are also discussed, taking into account the lack of vitamin D stability by heating, exposure to light and oxidation. With respect to chromatographic determination, the mode (normal or reverse phase), type of column (microcolumn or conventional) and detection system (UV, electrochemical and mass spectrometry) are overviewed, considering the vitamers to be determined.


THE stapes has acquired tremendous importance in recent years due to popularity of the operations on it and their success for the amelioration of conductive deafness caused by otosclerosis. The peculiarity of this bone is that the endochondral bone initially developed in cartilage is never replaced by periosteal Haversian system. It remains throughout life a comparatively primitive and relatively avascular structure (Anson and Cauldwell, 1959; Hanson, Anson and Bast, 1959; Anson, 1961). Unlike the other middle-ear ossicles the stapes undergoes a curious process of erosion and thinning soon after it ossifies so that the adult stapes is actually thinner and more fragile than that of the new born (Anson, Hanson and Richany, i960). The present study was undertaken to investigate thoroughly the role of age and sex in the variations of size, shape and weight of the stapes.


: In this article we are talking about the synonymy of the German language, the shades of the meaning of the word and the most effective methods and essences of the comparative method are determined.


One of the notable features of bitcoin is its extreme volatility. The modeling and forecasting of bitcoin volatility are crucial for bitcoin investors' decision-making analysis and risk management. However, most previous studies of bitcoin volatility were founded on econometric models. Research on bitcoin volatility forecasting using machine learning algorithms is still sparse. In this study, both conventional econometric models and a machine learning model are used to forecast the bitcoin's return volatility and Value at Risk. The objective of this study is to compare their out-of-sample performance in forecasting accuracy and risk management efficiency. The results demonstrate that the RNN outperforms GARCH and EWMA in average forecasting performance. However, it is less efficient in capturing the bitcoin market's extreme events. Moreover, the RNN shows poor performance in Value at Risk forecasting, indicating that it could not work well as the econometric models in explaining extreme volatility. This study proposes an alternative method of bitcoin volatility analysis and provides more motivation for economic researchers to apply machine learning methods to the less volatile financial market conditions. Meanwhile, it also shows that the machine learning approaches are not always more advanced than econometric models, contrary to common belief.


This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is intended primarily for use in validating methods for determining proximates, calories, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements in infant formula and similar matrices. This SRM can also be used for quality assurance when assigning values to in-house control materials. A unit of SRM 1846 consists of 10 single-use packets of spray-dried, milk-based infant formula, each containing approximately 30 g of material.


We propose a novel sub-micron back-side grating for light trapping in thin silicon solar cells. The 2-D-blazed grating has the potential to increase the optical thickness of the solar cell by a factor of 17.


Bandopadhyaya (1980) developed a dual to product estimator using robust modified maximum likelihood estimators (MMLE's). Their properties were obtained theoretically and supported through simulations studies with generated as well as one real data set. Robustness properties in the presence of outliers and confidence intervals were studied.


Due to the rapidly process of urbanization, the water consumption is increasing speedily in Beijing, the capital city of China, during recent decades. Despite great efforts have been done, the daily life of residents and economic construction is threatened continuous in the city. Because of the limitation of sound water management in Beijing the water resources exploitation and utilization are not rational, economically efficiency. The water environment has been degraded in vary levels. The aim of this study is improvement of water management in Beijing. An investigation and collection of the data related to the water management was carried out. The study has made appraisal on the amount of water available and water demands in the region. The reasonable policies, feasible alternatives and institutional management measures have been drawn out from the study for the water management strategies. They can be considered as a base of decision making and macroscopic management for the long-term planning of Beijing.


Ginger has a large number of essential oils, zingiberene is the major substance found in it, which may be linked to the insecticidal activity of the plant. Therefore, it can be a viable alternative to replace the use of pesticides for pest control. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of this ginger-based extract in hydroponic lettuce as an alternative to thrips control. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with five treatments and four replications. The treatments used were the concentrations of 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, and 80 % weight/volume of aqueous extract. After 45 days of sowing, the ginger plant extract was applied to the lettuce plants every seven days. A population of thrips was monitored using adhesive traps attached above each experimental plot once a week until harvest. In addition, fresh mass weight, shoot height, and incidence of direct damage to the crop were evaluated. Regarding thrips monitoring, no differences wereobserved indicating the uniformity of the population level among the lettuce parcels. For the evaluation of weight and fresh mass, no differences were observed regarding the treatments. However, from the concentration of 60 %, it was observed the lowest averages of plants with direct damage, showing that the higher the concentration of the solution the lesser insect feeding. Accordingly, the use of ginger plant extract in hydroponic lettuce becomes a promising alternative for reducing thrips feeding on lettuce.


The invention is a chromate processing solvent without water. It is consisted of hydrocarbon solvent containing chlorine and fluorine, chronium anhydride, alcohol solubilizing agent and a promoter of organic caboxylic acid reaction. The high chrome plating and good corrosion resistance are obtained.


Abstract Investors infer ambiguity from text in news and social media. A proxy for information ambiguity is developed from text processing and used in regression tests against the S&P 500 returns. A risk-neutral agent model with uniform prior beliefs is developed to explain the ambiguity premium or discount under unfavorable or favorable market conditions agnostic of the ambiguity preferences. The model postulates that the ambiguity premium is often elusive in efficient markets due to returns unpredictability, and the information ambiguity as an omitted variable bias in the fundamental relationship between risks and returns. Empirically, the author finds that news media drives equity prices more than social media except from June 2009 to November 2016.


This paper report an all-magnetic MEMS-based resonant compass, driven electromagnetically by an excitation coil and sensed using a Hall-effect sensor. The magnetic amplification provided by the resonator makes it potentially suitable for compact, low voltage portable navigation systems.


Increases of the global population combined with the economic growth in many of the developing countries are leading to an increase of urban surface area and thus globally the associated air quality issue. Human activities emit vast quantities of pollutants with carbon monoxide (CO) a prime example. Several nadir-viewing thermal infrared sounders monitor this gas from space but their limited sensitivity to the boundary layer is a well-known disadvantage of this technique. Our study investigates the performance of a new retrieval algorithm applied to Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) data (version 5) that combines the thermal infrared (TIR) with near-infrared (NIR) bands that are more sensitive to the boundary layer. This new data product is compared with the TIR-only product as well as measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), also a TIR sensor. The study focuses on eight megacities: Moscow, Paris, Mexico, Tehran, Baghdad, Los Angeles, Sao Paulo and Delhi. High-resolution maps of the CO distribution over these locations have been generated using a new pixel averaging technique that clearly demonstrates a CO hit-spot. Combining the satellite data with wind data from meteorological reanalysis a clear dependence of the CO distribution with near-surface wind speed direction is found. A clear reduction of CO emission over all sites between 2000-2005 and 2006-2011 is observed, reaching ~ 13% over Mexico and a megacity as Baghdad emitted the same amount of CO between 2006 and 2011 than Tehran or Mexico between 2000 and 2005.


We study the coexistence of FDD flexible duplexing systems, where a cellular network may use FDD uplink band for downlink transmission. As a result, adjacent channel emissions will change, with an effect to networks operating on adjacent channels. To stabilize the adjacent channel interference, equalizing downlink power control is considered, such that a flexible duplexing cell radiates in downlink a power density which is equivalent to the mean uplink transmit power of the cell. We derive a closed form equation for the transmit power, and evaluate coexistence performance in a heterogeneous network using the proposed power control.


"Methods of mathematical physics" is a course which introduces the mathematics applied in physics. The experience from multimedia instruction in physics suggests that by appropriately selecting the content related to physics and the visualization that exhibits the physical picture of the mathematical formulae (including the use of movie to demonstrate time dependent processes)., the effectiveness of the instruction may be improved. In our course, we have adopted two methods of visualization: one is to plot directly the analytical solution, the other is to first solve the equations numerically and then plot the resulting numerical solutions. Our practice and experience are presented in this article.


that it has been clearly proved that the fungus of the host is necessary for the normal germination of the seeds of many orchids; but even here our knowledge is of little scientific significance until we know the exact method of the action of the fungus, whether its effect is due to the secretion of certain chemical compounds, which aid in water absorption, or to some other influence.-WM. CROCKER. Chromogens.-TAMMES'9 reports a new chromogen, dipsacan, which is present in all the genera and species of Dipsaceae examined. Dipsacan has many points of resemblance to isatan and indican, yet it shows points of difference from both these, as well as from the pseudoindicans of the Acanthaceae. At temperatures above 350 C., in the presence of oxygen and water, dipsacan is transformed to a blue pigment, dipsacotin. The optimum temperature for this transformation is I100 C. At high temperatures, or at ordinary temperatures through the action of benzin, phenol, or dipsacase, an enzyme of this family of plants, dipsacan is transformed to a yellow-red pigment in the entire absence of oxygen. Upon admission of oxygen this pigment is transformed to dipsacotin. PALLADIN'I has already urged that chromogens are universally present in actively respiring portions of plants and that they are products of respiration. TAMMES'S results agree with this conception, for dipsacan is found to be most abundant in the most active portions of the plants and in those plants that are in the best condition for growth; otherwise only traces of dipsacan appear. TAMMES suggests that dipsacan may be a glucoside, and that the yellow-red pigment, which originates independent of oxygen, is one the products of the hydrolysis; but it is not known that sugar is also a product. The formation of the dipsacotin from the yellow-red pigment is a matter of oxidation, as PALLADIN has shown is the case in the production of the pigments from numerous chromogens he has studied. It strikes one as possible that the formation of the chromatic materials in general requires both hydrolysis and oxidation. This would line up all these chromogens with indican.-WM. CROCKER. Germination and light.-KINZELI2 publishes another paper on the effect of light on germination of seeds, confirming the results of former papers and adding a number of species to those favored in germination by light. In a discussion of "after-ripening" he states that the several years' delay in germination shown by the ripe seeds of Thlaspi arvense is due to the character of the embryo and not to the character of the coat, for the coat is very delicate. In an article published in igo6,13 the reviewer has shown that the very marked delay


e18844Background: Evidence suggests that there is a mortality reduction benefit from low-dose CT (LDCT) scans for patients at high-risk for lung cancer, yet screening rates remain low. The American...


People living with HIV are an ageing population with an increasing prevalence of frailty. Management of frailty requires assessment, communication and information sharing with patients. However, evidence regarding the meaning of frailty for this population, and the acceptability of frailty screening, is limited. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of older people living with HIV and HIV professionals towards frailty and routine screening for frailty.


The paper deals with measurement and control aspects of active power filtering in ship systems. A main focus of the paper will be concentrated on the analysis of the ways of improvement of compensating current generation algorithms. Two aspects of improvement will be discussed: a choice of an appropriate algorithm and an assessment of the quality of compensation by analysis of resulting waveform distortions on power supply side.


Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors have shown promise in the treatment of colorectal cancers. However, activating KRAS mutations cause primary resistance to these agents and contribute to cancer progression. Downstream signaling of oncogenic KRAS induces activation of HIF-1α and HIF-2α which in turn activate genes that promote cell proliferation, obstruct cell death, and induce angiogenesis and metabolic adaptation. We will discuss clinical trial results with EGFR inhibitors, mechanism of resistance mediated by oncogenic KRAS, and strategies under clinical development to overcome KRAS-mediated resistance.


This paper provides a summary of the proceedings of the National Seminar on 'Accomplished Teaching, Accomplished Teachers' led by the GTCs and the University of Glasgow and sponsored by the Scottish Government. The focus of this seminar was to explore the concept of 'accomplished teaching' and its possible relevance in Scottish education. This paper begins with an overview of the context, purposes and process of the National Seminar followed by the key themes identified and then explored in the seminar. The set of questions that emerged from the discussions are detailed. This is followed by the proposals generated by each of the working groups. Thereafter the background to the National Seminar and a more detailed discussion of each of the four themes is provided.

1. Defining accomplishment
2. The development of the teaching profession
3. Recognition, impact and evidence
4. Systems, culture and professionalism


A guide to print and electronic resources related to string instruments at the Jones Music Library. Violin, Viola, Cello, Double Bass


The hydrolysis of melamine formaldehyde crosslinked acrylic copolymer films has been studied using infrared spectroscopy. It has been found that during hydrolysis, crosslinks between the acrylic copolymer and the melamine crosslinker are broken and that crosslinks between melamine molecules are formed. The rate of hydrolysis depends on the following: (1) the type of crosslinker used (partially alkylated melamines hydrolyze faster than fully alkylated melamines); (2) the amount and strength of acid catalyst used and whether or not the catalyst can be extracted from the coating during hydrolysis; (3) the initial crosslink density; (4) the hydrolysis temperature. In some formulations, it can be expected that virtually all of the acrylic–melamine crosslinkes will be hydrolyzed. However, due to the formation of melamine–melamine crosslinks, the overall crosslink density does not necessarily decrease significantly as a result of this hydrolysis.


Considering in design by analysis, four types of tests, slow-strain-rate tensile (SSRT), fatigue life, fatigue crack-growth (FCG), and elasto-plastic fracture toughness (JIC) tests, were conducted with low-alloy steels, JIS-SCM435 and JIS-SNCM439, in 115 MPa hydrogen gas and air at room temperature (RT). In addition to above tests at RT, the SSRT tests were also conducted in 115 MPa hydrogen gas and air at 120 C and in 106 MPa hydrogen gas and 0.1 MPa nitrogen gas at –45 C. The low-alloy steels used in this study had tensile strengths (σB) ranging from 824 to 1201 MPa with fine and coarse tempered-martensitic microstructures. In the SSRT and fatigue life tests, the tensile strength and fatigue limit were not degraded in hydrogen gas. The FCG tests revealed that the FCG rate (da/dN) was accelerated in hydrogen gas; however, there existed an upper bound of the FCG acceleration, showing the FCG rate in hydrogen gas was about 30 times larger than that in air, when σB was lower than 900 MPa. The JIC tests demonstrated that the fracture toughness (KIC) in air was 207 MPa·m at σB = 900 MPa, whereas the hydrogen-induced crack-growth threshold (KI,H) was 57 MPa·m at σB = 900 MPa. Based on these results, we proposed advanced guidelines on the use and design for SCM435 and SNCM439 on design by analysis in 115 MPa hydrogen gas, which enable to design the storage cylinders used in 70 MPa hydrogen station with lower cost without compromising safety.


Because of their large mass, waveguide lens antennas have not been widely used in space, in spite of their established superiority to reflector antennas for many aerospace applications. This paper introduces the concept of fabrication of lightweight waveguide lenses using thin, metallized polymer sheets. It also presents preliminary simulation results to substantiate and illustrate the characteristics of lens antennas.


Background: During ophthalmologic surgery, a variety of anesthetic induction techniques are used in an attempt to prevent the rise of intraocular pressure (IOP). This study compared the effects of etomidate, a new intravenous anesthetic agent, on the changes in IOP with those of thiopental sodium and propofol. Methods: Forty-five patients were randomly allocated and divided into three groups to be injected intravenously with etomidate 0.2 0.3 mg/kg (E-group, n = 15), propofol 2 3 mg/kg (P-group, n = 15) or thiopental sodium 4 - 5 mg/kg (T-group, n = 15). Systolic arterial pressure (SAP), heart rate (HR) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured at 1, 2 and 3 minutes after the administration of the induction agents. During the induction of anesthesia, the incidence of IV injection pain, myoclonus, hiccup and a decrease in SAP of more than 30% were investigated. Results: At 1, 2 and 3 min following the induction of anesthesia, the SAP in the P-Group decreased significantly more than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). After the induction, heart rate in the T-Group increased significantly more than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The three intravenous agents induced a significant decrease in IOP after an injection (P < 0.05). Comparing the three groups, the IOP in the E- and P-Group decreased significantly more than that in the T-Group (P < 0.05). Conelusions: Etomidate may be used as a choice of intravenous induction agent to reduce intraocular pressure in ophthalmologic operations especially in an emergency situation, geriatric and hypovolemic patients.


In areas like military systems, surveillance systems, or industrial process control, more and more often there is a need to operate in limited visibility conditions or even in complete darkness. In such conditions vision systems can benefit by using thermal vision cameras. In thermal imaging an infrared radiation detector arrays are used. Contemporary infrared detector arrays suffers from technological imprecision which causes that the response to uniform radiation results in nonuniform image with superimposed fixed pattern noise (FPN). In order to compensate this noise there is a need to evaluate detectors characteristics like responsivity and offset of every detector in array. Some of the detectors in cooled detector arrays can be also defective. Signal from defective pixels has to be in such system replaced. In order to replace defective pixels, there is a need to detect them. Identification of so-called blinking pixels needs long time measurement, which in designed calibration stand is also possible. The paper presents the design of infrared detector array measurement stand allowing measurement of mentioned parameters. Measurement stand was also used to evaluate temporal noise of infrared detection modules. In article there is a description of optical system design and parameters of used reference blackbodies. To capture images from camera modules a specially designed digital image interface was used. Measurement control and calculations were made in specially written IRDiag software. Stand was used to measure parameters for cameras based on cooled focal plane arrays from Sofradir. Results of two-point nonuniformity correction are also presented.


The realization of Autonomous vehicles is recognized as a relevant objective for the modern society and constitutes a challenge which in the last decade is concentrating a growing interest, involving both manufacturers and research institutes. The standard approach to the realization of automated driving agents is based on a well-known paradigm, consisting of the sense-think-act scheme. Even though this implements an understandable and agreeable logic, a driving agent based on such an approach needs to be tested and qualified at a level of reliability which requires a huge experimental campaign. In this position paper the scope of the problem of automated driving is widened into the cognitive sciences, where the inspiration is taken to reformulate the underlying paradigm of the automated agent architecture. In the framework of the EU Horizon 2020 Dreams4Cars Research and Innovation Action project the challenge is to design and train an automated driving agent which mimics the known human cognitive architecture and as such is able to learn from significant situations encountered (either simulated or experienced), rather than simply applying a set of fixed rules.


Density functional calcula- tions and Raman spectroscopic data were correlated with the unique cata- lytic epoxidation activity of peroxomo- lybdenum complexes (MoO(O2)2(O- ER3)) (EaN, P, As; Ra n-dodecyl) in a biphasic chloroform - 1-octene/aque- ous hydrogen peroxide system. Crystal structure determinations on (MoO(O2)2(OPtBu3)(OCMe2)) and two complexes containing chelating hemila- bile ether - phosphane oxide and ether - arsane oxide ligands (MoO(O2)2- {iPr2E(O)CH2CH2OCH3}) (Ea P, As) are reported. A mechanistic study with these model complexes reveals the im- portance of free coordination sites for peroxide activation. Calculations and Raman spectroscopic data indicate the tendency of coordinatively unsaturated species (MoO(O2)2(L)) to dimerize in noncoordinating solvents. The catalytic activity in the presence of water as competing ligand could be correlated with the calculated proton affinity of the ligands OER3 (Ra N, P, As). Elucida- tion of the vibrational behavior of the structurally characterized peroxo com- plexes was supported by normal-coordi- nate analyses.


Abstract Introduction: The Cook Resonance™ metallic ureteric stent has recently been introduced as an alternative method for upper urinary-tract obstruction.1–3 In this short video, initially, we d...


Based on the evolutionary game theory,it built the game models of miners and safety supervisors as well as miners and miners.Through the calculation and analysis of the model,it provided some guidance for controlling unsafe behavior of miners in coal mines and reduced the accidents due to unsafe behavior factors.At the same time,it discussed several aspects which should be noted in work.


The paper presents monitoring of the stability of "Shubarkol" coal strip mine. The research of the effect drilling-and-blasting technique of rock massif. The parameters of the board coal strip mine in the area dragline mining method identified.


The second stage of our project involved the evaluation of its usefulness. Our approach was to apply both the Structured Analysis and the Object-Oriented Analysis methods to the same subsystem of the image filing system and to evaluate their analysis processes and the corresponding results. Here, we applied Rumbaugh's Object Modeling Technique (a.k.a. OMT) as an analysis method, not because Coad's OOA is insufficient but because OMT suggests more rigid processes, models, and notations for applying the method. This experience paper describes the overview of the second stage of our project. Target Application:


The bending performances were evaluated at the radiata pine plywood through veneer compositions encompassing veneer quality, ply-numbers and overlays of the high density- or medium density-phenol resin impregnated sheets (hereafter abbreviated as resin sheets) on the raw plywood. In addition, a prediction on the bending MOE of veneers and plywoods was carried out by the nondestructive testing with stresswave timer. The summarized results were as follows: I. Bending strength and bending MOE of resin sheets-overlaid plywoods in parallel surface grain direction through 5 and 7ply were increased by 13 to 45% and 17 to 34%, respectively. Resin sheets-overlay occurred an increasing effect of the strength efficiency i.e. strength perpendicular-to-grain direction versus that parallel-to-grain direction, showing the phenomenon that the plywood strength becomes greater at the perpendicular-to-grain direction of 7ply than at that of 5ply. Displacement at bending failure had a greater trend at 7ply than at 5ply, and was decreased by resin sheets-overlay. 2. After the nondestructive bending MOEs were measured for individual veneers, these veneers were rearranged in plywood-manufacture. In these plywoods, including resin sheets-overlay, the actual MOE was predictable with feasibility of =0.53, and also the nondestructively-evaluated MOE was lower by 20% in raw plywood, and higher 20% in LVL than actual bending MOEs.


A theoretical analysis of a hydromagnetic oscillatory free convection flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible radiating fluid in a vertical porous channel filled with porous medium is analyzed. The parallel porous plates are subjected to a constant injection and suction velocity and a magnetic field of uniform strength is applied perpendicular to the plates of the channel. The magnetic Reynolds number is assumed to be very small so that the induced magnetic field is negligible. The entire system rotates about an axis perpendicular to planes of the plates. The temperature difference between the plates is high enough to induce the heat due to radiation. An exact solution of the purely oscillatory flow is obtained. The velocity and the skin-friction and Nusselt number for the rate of heat transfer in terms of their amplitude and phase angle have been shown graphically to observe the effects of rotation parameter Ω, porosity parameter K, magnetic body force M, Radiation parameter N and the frequency of oscillation ��. Applications of the model include fundamental magneto-fluid dynamics, MHD energy systems and magnetometallurgical processing for aircraft materials.


The eventual topic of this paper is the perhaps grandiose question of whether we have any reason to think that philosophical problems can be solved. Philosophy has been around for quite some time, and its record is cause for pessimism: it is not, exactly, that there are no established results, but that what results there are, are negative (such-and-such is false, or won't work), or conditional (as Ernest Nagel used to say, "If we had ham, and if we had eggs, then we'd have ham and eggs").1 I hope in what follows first of all to explain the record. My explanation will naturally suggest a way of turning over a new leaf, and I will wrap up the paper by laying out that proposal and critically assessing its prospects. However, the approach to my topic will have to be roundabout. Along the way, I will detour to consider how the problems of philosophy can be ∗I'm grateful to Jon Bendor, Alice Clapman, Steve Downes, Eyjolfur Emilsson, Christoph Fehige, Richard Gale, Don Garrett, Brian Klug, John MacFarlane, Clif McIntosh, Eddy Nahmias, Ram Neta, Carol Poster, Richard Raatzsch, Peri Schwartz-Shea, Bill Talbott and Mariam Thalos for comments on earlier drafts, and to Michael Bratman, Sarah Buss, Alice Crary, Jenann Ismael, Mark Johnston, Elizabeth Kiss and Alexander Nehamas for helpful discussion. The paper was improved by comments from audiences at Saint Louis University, the CASBS Meta-Historians Discussion Group, the University of Montana, the University of Utah, Kansas State University, Ohio University, Victoria University of Wellington, the University of New South Wales, Oxford University, the University of Alberta, University College Dublin and the University of Bologna. Work on this paper was supported by fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences; I am grateful for the financial support provided through the Center by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Reported by Hilary Putnam (1975, p. 260).


Crizanlizumab was recommended for use in patients with sickle cell disease in the UK in October 2021 and received widespread media coverage. Accuracy of reporting is paramount in building trust with this group of patients who are often wary of the medical profession. We carried out an analysis of internet‐based news articles and applied a validated scoring system to assess quality. 21 articles from 19 media organisations were identified. 71% of articles stated unproven benefits of the drug and only 14% were of satisfactory quality. The former was largely due to quoting of two NHS England press releases. Overstating of drug efficacy may be detrimental to the need to address healthcare inequalities.


This paper examines the engagement in environmental actions of the Bulgarians and its relationship with the environmental concern and the predisposition for green consumption as two commonly studied attitudes to green consumption. The results indicate that the majority of the Bulgarians are not engaged or they are slightly engaged in environmental actions. The better educated, younger, wealthier people and the people who live in the cities have higher engagement in environmental actions. If people participate in any environmental action it is likely that they will be more concerned for the environment. The more extensive the engagement is, the higher the environmental concern is expected to be. The correlation between the environmental actions of the Bulgarians and their predisposition for green consumption was proven to be positive.


There are many sources of ecological crisis. This thesis suggests and sums that there exist mainly four sources: market, recognition, science technology and politics. Thesis analyses deeply the above mentioned four sources and their characteristics respectively from the aspects of cost distribution, human egoism, scientific and technological alienation and the accelerating role of politics for the use of disaster causing technology.


The most important challenge in the development of organic electronics is the limited charge mobility of organic small-molecule semiconductors. The mobility is limited in these materials due to longrange, low-energy molecular vibrations which localize charge transiently across a small number of molecules. We can measure the low-energy vibrational spectrum using inelastic neutron scattering (INS), but the peaks cannot be assigned without accurate simulations of every molecular configuration. Previously we showed that density functional theory (DFT) could be used to simulate the INS spectrum. However, these simulations are confined to infinite crystals with a small unit cell. In contrast, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are much less expensive and can consequently be used to simulate more complex materials. In this study, a MD forcefield is parametrized using DFT calculations of the small molecule semiconductor rubrene in both crystalline and amorphous samples. After parametrization, the INS spectrum, predicted from MD, more closely resembles the experimental spectrum than the DFT predictions in the low-energy region. This is likely because MD can probe a variety of molecular arrangements simultaneously whereas DFT can probe only one. Our study indicates that MD simulations are a viable tool to study the molecular motions in materials too complex for DFT alone if the force fields are properly parameterized. E02.01.03 Incoherent Dynamics of Hybrid Halide Semiconductors and a Photovoltaic Revolution James R. Neilson; Colorado State University, United States


This article explore and summarize variety surgery of female stress urinary incontinence,such as vaginal wall repair,MMK surgery,Burch surgery,TVT surgery,TVT-O surgery,artificial urinary sphincter surgery and injection therapy,and summarize and analyze the operation principle,indication,efficacy and complications.Burch surgery has the the exactly effect and quickly recovery sexual function,meanwhile can repair pelvic surgery,but long operation time and high technical requirements don't allow to ignore.The minimally invasive surgery,TVT and TVT-O has stable curative effect,shorter operation time and fit wider applicable patients.But the high cost and mesh erosion also can't ignore.Elderly patients with pelvic organ prolapse can choose Kelly surgery which has recently surgical effect.Patients with urethral sphincter defects inherent who are failure of conservative treatment and can not endure the operation and anesthesia,can choose injection therapy,but time may weakened operation effects.So how to select the most suitable operation for patients,such as the age,severity disease,economic conditions,whether endure the operation and anesthesia,combined with the pelvic organ prolapse,all comprehensively need to consider.On the whole,surgery can significantly improve the quality life of patients.


The purpose of the project is to determine customer satisfaction and identify
improvements to South Carolina Rest Areas and Welcome Centers. The method targeted
in this project is the deployment of a survey.


examination of LE showed blood tinged aqueous with streak of active bleeding at 1 O'clock position from an iris vascular tuft at the pupillary margin (Figure1). Iris examination did not show evidence of rubeosis and gonioscopy did not reveal any neovascularization of angles. Fundus examination of LE was unremarkable. Compression gonioscopy was done to stop active bleeding and combination of Tropicamide0.8% w/v & Phenylephrine hydrochloride 5% w/v eye drops was instilled to dilate the pupil with minimal cycloplegia and vasoconstrict the iris vessels or decongest the iris for fundus evaluation. After compression gonioscopy, there was cessation of bleeding from the iris tuft (Figure2).


Thank you for reading puritans indians and manifest destiny. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their chosen books like this puritans indians and manifest destiny, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious virus inside their laptop. puritans indians and manifest destiny is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the puritans indians and manifest destiny is universally compatible with any devices to read.


With the rapid development of technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, and mobile Internet, the types and scale of data have grown at an unprecedented rate. How to manage and utilize big data has become a hot research topic. This article describes the origins, definitions, and characteristics of big data. On this basis, the significance of the research of big data and the application of big data in the medical field are discussed. The advantages of application of big data in the medical industry are as follows. For a start, cloud computing can realize massive medical data storage. In addition, it has powerful data processing capabilities. Moreover, disease prediction based on data analysis is forward-looking and time-sensitive. It will surely take the lead in future competition and maintain thriving development potential.


Concepts used in different areas of mathematics may first appear to be unrelated, but closer examination will uncover many interesting relationships. Operator norm ‖T‖ of a linear map T and its numerical radius ν(T ) are two such concepts. The standard way to measure the "size" of a linear map is to find its operator norm. However, matrix theory lends a hand to functional analysis and the quadratic form induced by a matrix can be re-defined as a numerical range. Consequently, the radius of the circle centered at 0 enclosing the numerical range gives rise to numerical radius thus enabling us to have another measurement for the "size" of an operator. The interplay between operator norm ‖T‖ and numerical radius ν(T ) has been subject of much research since Bauer's definition of numerical range in 1960's. After presenting some major results and motivations, seemingly unrelated areas of numerical range and projections, I will show how minimal projections, in particular Fourier projections, can be measured with respect to ν(T ).


This report aims to present the results of our research regarding scientific problem : How does family reintegration program influences decreased parental neglect and violence against children and adolescents discharged from Home " San Jose " - INABIF in the district of Trujillo , year 2013 ? , With a total sample of 22 families of graduates of St. Joseph's Home . The research is applied and descriptive, while it has been used terms that are in the conceptual framework, legal framework, theories and approaches that helped us in the research study. Similarly we selected the following years: 2009,2010 and 2011 , where it was revealed that the highest percentage of family violence entered rather than a state of neglect . These two problems were taken as profiles of graduates, according to the areas of Social Work and Psychology. The results of our research confirm the hypotheses, it was learned that there is a decrease in terms of these two realities problematic , stating that the programs offered are effective , however there are some flaws, it has been shown that most families of the graduates have a moderate functionality , in education more than half have managed to study , in the type of family, most come from single-parent families , whose headquarters is in charge of the mother , likewise the degree of communication is regular , so that the relationships between parents and children maintain that level. When a family member has problems all seek support and help each other, so it is said that the ties are strong cohesion. Currently the predominant farming system in the family is based on the explanations in turn each graduate is under the responsibility of the parent, both parents or some relatives, who were in charge of the process and pledged externamiento ensure the integrity of minors. This situation is observed in the most vulnerable, which is comprised of children and adolescents.


One of the main challenges to be faced in order to provide an integrated view of data distributed across multiple data sources is the query decomposition problem. In mediatorbased data integration systems, this problem consists in decomposing a query defined according to the mediation schema into one or more subqueries to be submitted on a set of local data sources. In order to produce the subqueries, the query decomposition process uses a set of mappings that specify the relationships between concepts of the mediation schema and concepts of the local schemas. Considering that the local schemas can be complex and heterogeneous, one of the major bottlenecks of conventional solutions for data integration is to discover these mappings. In general, this is a manual or semi-automatic process that has a high startup cost. This work deals with the query decomposition problem in the context of data integration on the Web of Data, where local data sources are RDF datasets (Resource Description Framework) and can be accessed through SPARQL queries (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language), besides, data sources may be associated with an ontology that, in general, plays the role of the schema of the data source. It is important to note that, given the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of the Web of Data, and also because of scalability issues, it becomes really difficult to implement a query decomposition strategy that may be applied on the entire Web of Data. In this way, this work proposes a solution for query decomposition over Linked Data Federations available on theWeb of Data, i.e., sets of RDF data sources published according to the principles of Linked Data. In this context, if an application needs to query different datasets without having to make a new query for each one of them, then solutions are required to deal with the query decomposition problem between different and heterogeneous datasets. To solve this problem, this work proposes an approach for query decomposition over Linked Data Federations, which is divided into three main activities. Among each of these activities, the main contribution lies in the definition and implementation of a process for decomposing queries, considering that the data sources have structurally distinct ontologies, which describe their schemas. In this approach, the queries are expressed in SPARQL language and heterogeneous mappings are used with the purpose to treat aspects related to structural differences between ontologies. In order to evaluate the proposed approach, a prototype was implemented and some experiments were performed.


In this paper, lower bounds and upper bounds are given for the mass assigned to a set of maximal cliques in self-consistent estimates of CDF NPMLEs for multivariate (including univariate) interval censored data under the assumption that the censoring mechanism is ignorable for the purpose of likelihood inference. The bounds are applied to give upper bounds of the diameter and size of the polytope of CDF NPMLEs for multivariate censored data.


A Monte Carlo method of evaluating typical particle and energy transport coefficients is given for the case in which the particle drift orbits are a significant fraction of the plasma radius. The method is applied to a preliminary design for a helical axis (heliac) stellarator experiment.


The effects of Ca2+ ions on the flotation of sillimanite using dodecylammonium chloride as a collector were investigated by micro-flotation tests, zeta potential measurements, solution chemistry analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The micro-flotation results indicated that Ca2+ ions remarkably inhibit the flotation of sillimanite in the pH range of 2.0–9.0. The point of zero charge (PZC) of sillimanite changed from 5.4 to 6.1 with the addition of Ca2+ ions. Meanwhile, the calculated concentration of RNH3+ in the sillimanite interface layer decreased in the presence of Ca2+ ions. The results of MD simulation revealed that Ca2+ ions have strong binding energy with the sillimanite (010) surface, and the binding energy of RNH3+ with sillimanite (010) surface reduced in the presence of Ca2+ ions. The conclusions drawn from the computations are in good agreement with the experimental results.


To reduce the pressure shock of the electro-hydraulic-servo piston hydraulic transformer with swash plate,to lower the noise and to improve the operational stability,this paper develops buffer slot in the valve plate of the hydraulic transformer based-on the fluid-structure coupling function of the software ADINA.In software Pro / E,fluid model and solid model of the flow assignment structure of valve plate are built and imported to the software ADINA for building of finite element model.The flow field of the flow assignment structure that was checked with finite element method was analyzed.A valve plate with buffer slot with triangle shape was manufactured and tested on hydraulic transformer test-bed.The results revealed that the valve plate enabled hydraulic transformer steady in operation and the minimum speed of hydraulic transformer reached 35 r / min.The noise was lower and the reliability was improved.The correctness of theoretical analysis was testified.


To determine the diagnostic value of vaginal discharge concentrations of β human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG), creatinine, and urea to identify premature rupture of membranes (PROM).


Abstract Data logging systems find numerous important applications in fields ranging from sport science to automotive engineering. The need for accurate, robust and low-cost data logging solutions has become obvious as machine, process and product inspections are becoming critical issues. Various data logging systems have been developed by manufacturers around the globe but they are neither flexible nor cost-effective for the end user. In this paper, the design and construction of a novel Z8 Encore based embedded data logging system is discussed in detail. A GPS device is used to provide the timing information of the logged data. This particular data logger provides the user with the desired accuracy, flexibility and cost-effectiveness rarely seen in commercially available devices. Complete discussions and various test results are presented to evaluate the performance of the system. Keywords: Z8 Encore microcontroller, data logger, embedded system, timing error, accuracy, robustness Introduction Applications


Forty-six presumptive Leuconostoc strains and 13 lactobacilli isolated from malt and grain whisky fermentations together with 14 reference strains of Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus were examined for 99 characters. Data were analysed using a variety of similarity coefficients and clustering algorithms. Two aggregate clusters representing Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus were consistently recovered. Many of the presumptive leuconostocs from whisky fermentations were identified as Leuc. mesenteroides. A second large cluster of strains could not be positively identified. Although recovered within the Leuconostoc aggregate cluster, some of these strains hydrolysed arginine, a characteristic of lactobacilli. The study demonstrates a more diverse flora of lactic acid bacteria existing in the distillery fermentation than had been previously recognized.


I show that a software framework intended primarily for training of neural networks, PyTorch, is easily applied to a general function minimisation problem in science. The qualities of PyTorch of ease-of-use and very high efficiency are found to be applicable in this domain and lead to two orders of magnitude improvement in time-to-solution with very small software engineering effort.


We have conducted millimeter-wave observations of deuterated species of various carbon-chain molecules toward a low-mass star-forming region, L1527, which shows extraordinary richness of carbon-chain molecules in a vicinity of the protostar (Warm Carbon Chain Chemistry; WCCC). We have detected the spectral lines of l-C3D, C4D, C4HD, DC3N, DC5N, and c-C3HD, where l-C3D and C4HD are detected for the first time in space. The deuterium fractionation ratios are found to be moderate (2% to 7%), although they tend to be higher than those in the starless core, TMC-1. The upper limit to the [CH2DOH]/[CH3OH] ratio is also as low as 3%. Therefore, high deuterium fractionation ratios reported for hot corino sources are not seen in L1527. The observed ratios mean that the depletion of CO onto dust grains had not proceeded far in L1527, compared to the hot corino case. This would be consistent with a short timescale of the starless core phase, as suggested for the possible origin of WCCC.


Based on the iterated extended Kalman filtering trained radial basis function neural networks, this contribution investigates the adaptive synchronization problem between different chaotic systems in presence of unknown system parameters, with random noises to the observed outputs and without needing to estimate the system parameters. The input vector to the radial basis function neural network is composed of the controlled responsive system's delayed signal with given length, and the nonlinear filtering model is established by using the prototype and weight of the radial basis function neural network as state equation and the output of the radial basis function neural network to present the observation equation. So the state transition matrix is an identity matrix, and the observed estimation value of the nonlinear filtering is the output value of the controlled response system. Finally, the synchronizations between Lorenz system and Rössler system, hyperchaotic Chen system and hyperchaotic Lü system are taken as two illustrative examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the simulation results verify the iterated extended Kalman filtering trained radial basis function neural network's success in the adaptive chaos synchronization.


We report the second case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by resveratrol (CAS no. 501-36-0), and Scutellaria baicalensis root extract (CAS no 94279-99-9), both antioxidants, contained in the same cosmetic.


Histamine, an important modulator of the arousal states of the central nervous system, has been reported to contribute an excitatory drive at the hypoglossal motor nucleus to the genioglossus (GG) muscle, which is involved in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea. However, the effect of histamine on hypoglossal motoneurons (HMNs) and the underlying signaling mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings were conducted using neonatal rat brain sections, which showed that histamine excited HMNs with an inward current under voltage‐clamp and a depolarization membrane potential under current‐clamp via histamine H1 receptors (H1Rs). The phospholipase C inhibitor U‐73122 blocked H1Rs‐mediated excitatory effects, but protein kinase A inhibitor and protein kinase C inhibitor did not, indicating that the signal transduction cascades underlying the excitatory action of histamine on HMNs were H1R/Gq/11/phospholipase C/inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate (IP3). The effects of histamine were also dependent on extracellular Na+ and intracellular Ca2+, which took place via activation of Na+‐Ca2+ exchangers. These results identify the signaling molecules associated with the regulatory effect of histamine on HMNs. The findings of this study may provide new insights into therapeutic approaches in obstructive sleep apnea.